abstract: Integrins are a superfamily of transmembrane alpha beta heterodimers that play an important role in cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions by acting as receptors for extracellular matrix proteins and for cell adhesion molecules. Using monoclonal antibodies against @entity10483 , @entity6927 to alpha 6, and alpha v subunits, the in situ distribution pattern of @entity2393 was examined immunohistochemically in nonneoplastic smooth and striated muscle cells and in their @entity5 . Nonneoplastic smooth muscle cells were @entity10483 +, @entity6927 +, alpha 3+, alpha v+ and, in diverse localizations, also alpha 5+ or even alpha 6+. The expression of the @entity10483 chain was conserved in all @entity2909 and @entity1822 . The distribution pattern of the alpha subunits by contrast underwent several changes during malignant transformation of smooth muscle cells. These alterations consisted in a neoexpression of alpha 2, @entity1293 , and alpha 6 as well as in an abnormal abrogation of @entity6927 3 in some @entity1822 . Except for the absence of alpha 5 in the majority of @entity1822 , expression of the alpha 5 and alpha v subunits was mainly conserved. In addition, @entity5 with epithelioid differentiation differed from typical cases by the absence of @entity6927 and the simultaneous presence of @entity1293 . Adult striated muscle cells were @entity10483 + but @entity6927 - to alpha 6- and alpha v-, whereas fetal striated muscle cells were not only @entity10483 + but also alpha 3+/-, @entity1293 +/-, alpha 5+ and alpha 6+. In all @entity980 the expression of @entity10483 was retained. Furthermore, the majority of cases showed the expression of one or more alpha subunits most of which, ie, @entity1293 , alpha 5, and alpha 6, were also found in fetal striated muscle cells. In conclusion, @entity10483 integrins exhibited a differential expression pattern along the two lines of myogenic differentiation. This integrin profile underwent characteristic changes during malignant transformation. Nevertheless, the compiled distribution patterns of the @entity6927 , alpha 3, and alpha v subunits allowed in most instances the discrimination between @entity5 of smooth ( @entity6927 +/alpha 3+/alpha v+) and striated muscle ( @entity6927 -/alpha 3-/alpha v-) differentiation.

title: Differential expression of XXXX integrins in nonneoplastic smooth and striated muscle cells and in @entity5 derived from these cells.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcomas', 'epithelioid leiomyosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyomas']

entities_list: @entity6927 :: ('146', 'Gene') :: ['alpha 1', 'alpha 1 and alpha']

answer: @entity10483 :: (10678,Gene) :: ['beta 1']


abstract: Arrhythmogenic right @entity296 / @entity1141 (ARVC/D) is a predominantly genetically determined and heritable form of @entity296 that is characterized pathologically by the replacement of myocytes by adipose and fibrous tissue and leads to @entity67 , @entity943 , and @entity1164 . The estimated prevalence of ARVC/D in the general population ranges from 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 5,000, @entity1 are more frequently affected than @entity1 , with an approximate ratio of 3:1. ARVC/D can be inherited as an @entity74 with reduced penetrance and variable expression, autosomal recessive inheritance is also described. There have been 12 genes identified which are linked to ARVC/D, encoding several components of the cardiac desmosome. Dysfunctional desmosomes resulting in defective cell adhesion proteins, such as plakoglobin ( @entity23661 ), @entity710 (DSP), @entity14106 ( @entity14106 ), and @entity8259 ( @entity8259 ) consequently cause loss of electrical coupling between cardiac myocytes, leading to myocyte cell death, fibrofatty replacement and @entity943 . Diagnosis is based on the finding a combination of characteristic abnormalities in family history, electrocardiography, cardiac imaging as well as endomyocardial biopsy (original task force criteria). Therapeutic options remain limited because of the progressive nature of ARVC/D. Competitive athletics should be avoided. @entity1 with ARVC/D with a history of having been resuscitated from @entity1164 , @entity1 with @entity1163 , very young @entity1 , and those who have marked right ventricular involvement are at the highest risk for @entity204 and also, the presence of left ventricular involvement is a risk factor. Several authors concluded that @entity1 who meet the Task Force criteria for ARVC/D are at high risk for @entity1164 and should undergo ICD placement for primary and secondary prevention, regardless of electrophysiologic testing results. The role of electrophysiologic study and VT catheter ablation in ARVC/D remains poorly defined, and is frequently used as a palliative measure for @entity1 with refractory VT. The progressive nature of ARVC/D suggests that catheter ablation would not be a long-term curative procedure. @entity2778 proved to be highly effective in @entity1 with ARVC/D and inducible as well as non-inducible @entity1165 ; if it is ineffective in inducible @entity1165 response to other antiarrhythmic drugs is unlikely and therefore non-pharmacological therapy without further drug testing should be considered. Orthotopic heart transplantation is considered in @entity1 with progressive @entity712 and intractable recurrent @entity943 .

title: Arrhythmogenic right XXXX / @entity1141 : a review and update.

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular cardiomyopathy', 'cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant disease']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['right ventricular failure']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmic death']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['ventricular cardiomyopathy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The MNREAD reading acuity (RA) charts use continuous-text reading to measure (1) RA, ie, the smallest size of print that the @entity1 can resolve; (2) @entity5545 ( @entity5545 ); and (3) critical print size (CPS), ie, the smallest print that the @entity1 can read with maximum speed. This project used the MNREAD charts to evaluate reading performance in @entity1 and adults with @entity4068 to determine the smallest print size recommended to facilitate effortless reading. METHODS: A total of 63 subjects with @entity4068 were administered the MNREAD test to determine the critical print size for effortless reading. The subjects read continuous, high-contrast text print until they could no longer discern the words. The @entity5545 and CPS were determined with the MNREAD protocol. Presence or absence of @entity346 and strabismus was recorded. Distance visual acuity was measured with ETDRS charts. RESULTS: The sample included 25 male and 38 female subjects with a median age of 16 years. Median @entity5545 was 150 words per minute. The mean CPS was 0.84 logMAR, notably larger than the mean RA of 0.53 logMAR. CONCLUSIONS: The MNREAD acuity charts can be used to determine functional reading ability and critical print size for effortless reading in individuals with @entity4068 . The amount of enlargement in print size can be used in educational and vocational recommendations to facilitate reading.

title: Reading acuity in XXXX : evaluation with MNREAD charts.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['nystagmus']

entities_list: @entity5545 :: ('MESH:D004410', 'Disease') :: ['MRS', 'maximum reading speed']

answer: @entity4068 :: (MESH:D000417,Disease) :: ['albinism']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines on statin initiation on the basis of total @entity65 risk argue that the preventive effect of statins on cardiovascular events outweigh the side effects, although this is controversial. Studies indicate a possible effect of statin therapy on reducing risk of @entity231 . However, the results are conflicting. The @entity3413 and @entity3709 in @entity472 study (NCT00092677) enrolled 1,873 @entity1 with asymptomatic @entity472 and no history of @entity6 , @entity301 , or other serious co-morbidities were randomized (1:1) to double-blind 40  mg @entity3413 plus 10  mg @entity3709 versus placebo. The primary end point in this substudy was incident @entity231 . Univariate and multivariate Cox models were used to analyze: (1) if the active treatment reduced the risk of the primary end point and (2) if time-varying low-density lipoproteins (LDL) @entity165 lowering (annually assessed) was associated with less incident @entity231 per se. During an average follow-up of 4.3  years, 65 @entity1 (3.5%) developed @entity231 . Mean age at baseline was 68  years and 39% were @entity1 . In Cox multivariate analysis adjusted for age, gender, @entity617 treatment, smoking, baseline LDL @entity165 and high sensitivity @entity1851 ; @entity3413 plus @entity3709 versus placebo was associated with 44% lower risk of @entity231 development (hazard ratio 0.56, 95% confidence interval 0.33 to 0.96, p  = 0.034). In a parallel analysis substituting time-varying LDL- @entity165 with randomized treatment, lower intreatment LDL- @entity165 was in itself associated with lower risk of incident @entity231 (hazard ratio 0.78 per 1  mmol/ml lower total @entity165 , 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 0.93, p  = 0.008). In conclusion, randomized treatment with @entity3413 plus @entity3709 was associated with a 44% lower risk of incident @entity231 development. This effect should perhaps be considered in the risk-benefit ratio of statin treatment.

title: Effect of Randomized Lipid Lowering With XXXX and @entity3709 on Cataract Development (from the @entity3413 and @entity3709 in @entity472 Study).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3413 :: ('MESH:D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['Simvastatin', 'simvastatin']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract', 'lens opacities']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity3709 :: ('MESH:C108606', 'Chemical') :: ['ezetimibe', 'Ezetimibe']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic Stenosis', 'aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity3413 :: (MESH:D019821,Chemical) :: ['Simvastatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity73 and @entity146 symptoms impact many aspects of the lives of @entity1 with @entity15 [ @entity15 ]. This literature is based largely on North American and Western European samples, and little is known about these aspects of @entity717 in Latin America. OBJECTIVE: RELACCEM is a longitudinal, multicenter study including @entity15 centers in Argentina, Chile, Columbia, Venezuela, Uruguay and Mexico. The goal is to determine the prevalence of @entity73 (two or more cognitive domains under the 5th percentile of healthy controls performance) and the full range of @entity146 in these regions, and how these symptoms relate to caregiver burden and employment. METHODS: @entity1 were 110 @entity1 with relapsing-remitting [RR] course and less than five years of disease duration. Thirty-four healthy controls were also recruited. All @entity1 were evaluated in one of 14 specialized centers. RESULTS: In additional to overall @entity16 , both cognition and @entity146 distinguished @entity1 and controls. The prevalence of @entity73 was 34.5% and 20.9% presented with clinically significant neuropsychiatric symptomatology. @entity73 was a significant predictor of employment status. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first multicenter epidemiological study of @entity15 -associated cognitive and @entity146 in Latin America. Results indicate that @entity73 and @entity308 and caregiver burden are already apparent at an early stage of the disease. The presence of @entity146 indicates the need for appropriate interventions as early as possible to mitigate psychosocial consequences of caregiver burden.

title: Cognitive and XXXX among @entity15 @entity1 from Latin America: Results of the RELACCEM study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'people', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric decline symptoms, fatigue, depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'neuropsychiatric abnormalities', 'neuropsychiatric symptoms']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive dysfunction', 'Cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disability']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['MS disability']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['neuropsychiatric disorders']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the relief effect of @entity3988 , @entity3302 and @entity1242 on radial @entity2553 in elderly @entity1 with @entity453 . METHODS: Sixty @entity1 aged beyond 70 years underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with autologous radial artery from July 2009 to March 2010. Redundant radial artery was collected and the relief function of different drugs was evaluated through "organ bath" technique in vitro. All the @entity1 were randomly divided into 3 groups based on different antispasmodic drugs: @entity3988 , @entity3302 and @entity1242 . Thirty seconds free blood flow of radial artery and hemodynamic parameters (heart rate, mean arterial pressure and central venous pressure) were assessed before and after intra-radial administration of @entity3988 , @entity3302 and @entity1242 in vivo. RESULTS: All three drugs could relieve radial @entity2553 in different levels and the eventual relief rate was over 80%. Only @entity1242 could relax radial artery completely, the relief capacity of @entity1242 , @entity3988 and @entity3302 decreased in order. There was no significant difference in the hemodynamic parameters before and after the injection. Blood flow of radial artery increased in @entity1242 group [(42    10) ml/30 s vs. (28    7) ml/30 s, P < 0.05] while there was no significant difference in @entity3988 [(23    10) ml/30 s vs. (25    8) ml/30 s, P > 0.05] and @entity3302 group [(25    10) ml/30 s vs. (24    9), P > 0.05]. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1242 could relieve @entity2553 of radial artery effectively and increased blood flow. @entity1242 is the suitable antispasmodic drug for radial artery in the elderly @entity1 with @entity453 compare with @entity3988 and @entity3302 .

title: [Experimental study on the option of antispasmodic drugs for radial artery in elderly XXXX with @entity453 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitroglycerin', 'nitroglycerin']

entities_list: @entity3988 :: ('MESH:D004110', 'Chemical') :: ['diltiazem']

entities_list: @entity3302 :: ('MESH:D010208', 'Chemical') :: ['papaverine']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary atherosclerotic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm', 'artery spasm']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The incidence of @entity174 of the humerus has increased exponentially in recent years. The most used classifications for humerus @entity174 are morphological (Neer), biological (AO/ASIF) and descriptive (Hertel). The types of surgical treatment for humerus @entity174 include prosthetic replacement and synthesis using different devices, including the Tension Guide Fixator (TGF), Gex- @entity4682 . External fixation for displaced @entity6342 avoids dissection and soft tissue stripping and has been reported by some authors to be associated with higher union rates, a lower incidence of @entity2530 , less scarring of the scapulohumeral interface, and faster rehabilitation compared with open reduction and internal fixation. Other authors have reported that external fixation does not ensure acceptable reduction and @entity174 stability, particularly in @entity1 with @entity170 . The external fixation technique involves the introduction of Steinmann's pin to keep manual reduction, the introduction of two K-wires in the humeral head, the removal of the Steinmann's pin, and the introduction of two fiches on the humeral shaft. Hub connectors are mounted on the wires and on the chips to connect the outer bar and tensioning system. A total of 84 @entity1 aged 42-84 years with @entity6342 (66% had two-part @entity174 ) were treated with Fixator TGF in this study from December 2007 to June 2012. The postoperative recovery was earlier and the active-assisted motion was less @entity158 than has been reported with other surgical techniques. The TGF was removed without anaesthesia at the outpatient clinic at a mean of 7 weeks (range 5-8 weeks) after surgery, and there was no loss of reduction or secondary displacement after removal. These results, after five years of experience, confirm that the best indication for this fixator is two- or three-part @entity174 because the device enables early active mobilisation. The limitations of this fixator are evident in @entity174 in which closed reduction is not possible and in three-part @entity174 with varus displacement because the TGF has less stability than other systems, such as the plate or cage. The short learning curve, reduced surgical time and risk, and low cost encourage the use of this technique.

title: Indications and limitations of the fixator TGF "Gex- XXXX " in @entity6342 .

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity6342 :: ('MESH:D012784', 'Disease') :: ['proximal humeral fractures', 'proximal end humeral fractures']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['avascular necrosis']

answer: @entity4682 :: (2158,Gene) :: ['Fix']


abstract: 1. This study examined optimal @entity376 and sulphur @entity535 supply in the first week posthatch in broilers and the relationship between essential @entity1522 and dietary crude protein during the first week posthatch on performance at 7 d and through marketing. 2. The optimal supply during the 7 d posthatch using a 230 g/kg crude protein diet for sulphur @entity1522 was 9.1 and for @entity376 was 10.3-10.8 g/kg with maximal body weight (BW) or feed efficiency as the criteria. 3. Feeding diets with crude protein content ranging from 200 to 260 g/kg with either constant amounts of essential @entity1522 at different crude protein levels or constant ratios of essential @entity1522 to crude protein resulted in enhanced performance at 7 but not at 4 d with high protein intake and proportionally increased essential @entity1522 . 4. Performance on diets with crude protein ranging from 160 to 280 g/kg, with constant ratios of essential @entity535 to crude protein, was much enhanced with the high crude protein diets at 7 d. All chicks were transferred to standard diets after 7 d and the BW advantage due to the balanced @entity535 -high crude protein diet remained through marketing. 5. Thus increasing essential @entity1522 in a constant ratio to crude protein enhanced performance during the 7 d posthatch.

title: Crude protein and essential XXXX requirements in chicks during the first week posthatch.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['amino acid']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the @entity1314 ( @entity1314 ) diagnosed in @entity1 with @entity308 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included a cross-sectional analysis, and was an extension of the Thai Study of @entity1316 (THAISAD) project. Eighty-five outpatients with @entity308 were interviewed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Inventory to assess for @entity308 , in accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 , Fourth Edition, Text Revision and using the Thai version of the Structured Clinical Interview for @entity1314 to assess for @entity1726 . RESULTS: Seventy-seven percent of the @entity1 had at least one @entity1726 , 40% had one @entity1726 and 60% had two or more @entity1314 (mixed cluster). The most common @entity1314 found were borderline @entity1726 (20%) and @entity3119 (10.6%), while the occurrence of avoidant @entity1726 was low when compared to the findings of previous, related studies. Among the mixed cluster, cluster A combined with cluster C was the common mix. Both @entity14256 and double @entity308 were found to have a higher proportion of @entity1314 than @entity308 (85.7% versus 76.1%). Dependent @entity1726 was found to be less common in this study than in previous studies, including those carried out in Asia. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of @entity1314 among those with @entity308 varied, and only borderline @entity1726 seems to be consistently high within and across cultures. Mixed cluster plays a prominent role in @entity308 , so more attention should be paid to @entity1 in this category.

title: Comorbid @entity1314 among XXXX with @entity308 .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive disorders', 'depressive disorder', 'depression', 'major depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity14256 :: ('MESH:D019263', 'Disease') :: ['dysthymic disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Mental Disorders']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['Affective Disorder']

entities_list: @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['PDs', 'personality disorders']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['obsessive-compulsive PD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: 1. Examining the demographic responses of populations to disease epidemics and the nature of compensatory responses to perturbation from epidemics is critical to our understanding of the processes affecting population dynamics and our ability to conserve threatened species. Such knowledge is currently available for few systems. 2. We examined changes to the demography and life-history traits of a population of @entity22337 ( @entity22337 ) following the arrival of a debilitating @entity166 , @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and investigated the population's ability to compensate for the severe population perturbation caused by this epizootic. 3. There was a significant change to the age structure following the arrival of @entity5 to the Freycinet Peninsula. This shift to a younger population was caused by the loss of older individuals from the population as a direct consequence of @entity5 -driven declines in adult survival rates. 4. Offspring sex ratios of disease mothers were more female biased than those of healthy mothers, indicating that devils may facultatively adjust offspring sex ratios in response to disease-induced changes in maternal condition. 5. We detected evidence of reproductive compensation in response to disease impacts via a reduction in the age of sexual @entity2175 of females (an increase in precocial breeding) over time. 6. The strength of this compensatory response appeared to be limited by factors that constrain the ability of individuals to reach a critical size for sexual @entity2175 in their first year, because of the time limit dictated by the annual breeding season. 7. The ongoing devastating impacts of this disease for adult survival and the apparent reliance of precocial breeding on rapid early growth provide the opportunity for evolution to favour of this new life-history pattern, highlighting the potential for novel @entity166 to be strong selective forces on life-history evolution.

title: Demography, disease and the devil: life-history changes in a disease-affected population of XXXX ( @entity22337 ).

entities_list: @entity22337 :: ('9305', 'Species') :: ['Tasmanian devils', 'Sarcophilus harrisii']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases', 'infectious disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['devil facial tumour disease', 'DFTD']

answer: @entity22337 :: (9305,Species) :: ['Tasmanian devils']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Repair of large @entity4037 is associated with high rates of surgical site occurrences (SSO), including @entity281 ( @entity281 ), site dehiscence, @entity2080 , @entity1410 , and site @entity39 . Two common operative strategies exist: @entity2483 ( @entity2483 ) with primary fascial closure and mesh reinforcement (PFC- @entity2483 ) and bridged repair (mesh spanning the @entity154 ). We hypothesized that: (1) @entity4037 repair (VHR) of large defects with bridged repair is associated with more SSOs than is PFC, and (2) anterior @entity2483 is associated with more SSOs than is endoscopic, perforator-sparing, or posterior @entity2483 . METHODS: Part I of this study was a review of a multi-center database of @entity1 who underwent VHR of a defect >= 8   cm from 2010-2011 with at least one month of follow-up. The primary outcome was SSO. The secondary outcome was recurrence. Part II of this study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing bridged repair with PFC and studies comparing different kinds of @entity2483 . RESULTS: A total of 108 @entity1 were followed for a median of 16   months (range 1-50   months), of whom 84 underwent PFC- @entity2483 and 24 had bridged repairs. Unadjusted results demonstrated no differences between the groups in SSO or recurrence; however, the study was underpowered for this purpose. On meta-analysis, PFC was associated with a lower risk of SSO (odds ratio [OR]   =   0.569; 95% confidence interval [CI]   =   0.34-0.94) and recurrence (OR   =   0.138; 95% CI   =   0.08-0.23) compared with bridged repair. On multiple-treatments meta-analysis, both endoscopic and perforator-sparing @entity2483 were most likely to be the treatments with the lowest risk of SSO and recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Bridged repair was associated with more SSOs than was PFC, and PFC should be used whenever feasible. Endoscopic and perforator-sparing @entity2483 were associated with the fewest complications; however, these conclusions are limited by heterogeneity between studies and poor methodological quality. These results should be used to guide future trials, which should compare the risks and benefits of each @entity2483 method to determine in which setting each technique will give the best results.

title: Component Separation vs. Bridged Repair for Large XXXX : A Multi-Institutional Risk-Adjusted Comparison, Systematic Review, and Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['hernia defect']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['surgical site infection', 'SSI']

entities_list: @entity2483 :: ('MESH:C566443', 'Disease') :: ['CS', 'Component separation']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['ventral hernia defects', 'ventral hernia']

answer: @entity4037 :: (MESH:D006555,Disease) :: ['Ventral Hernias']


abstract: RATIONALE: @entity6108 analogues are antineoplastic agents, designed based on the structure of the spice turmeric with structural modifications aiming at enhancing potency. The goal is to identify the common tandem mass spectrometric ( @entity15 / @entity15 ) behavior of 13 novel @entity6108 analogues. Such knowledge is critical for their biological assessment, including metabolite identification and pharmacokinetic evaluation. METHODS: Both detection of the protonated molecules [M   +   H](+) of the synthesized compounds and determination of their exact molecular masses were achieved with hybrid quadrupole orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QqTOF- @entity15 ). Low-energy @entity4785 ( @entity4785 )- @entity15 / @entity15 analysis was performed using triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry (QqLIT- @entity15 ). Both instruments were equipped with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source. @entity15 (3) and neutral loss experiments were performed using QqLIT- @entity15 to confirm the genesis of the observed product ions. RESULTS: Abundant [M   +   H](+) molecules were formed using the QqTOF- @entity15 hybrid instrument with mass accuracies below 6  ppm. @entity4785 - @entity15 / @entity15 dissociation studies were centered on the @entity71273 ring of @entity6108 analogues; twelve common product ions have been identified from the fission of the various bonds within the @entity71273 moiety. There was a tendency for the formation of highly conjugated product ions, stabilized via resonance. The variety of the side-chain substituents at the @entity1568 atom resulted in side-chain-specific product ions. CONCLUSIONS: The ESI- @entity4785 - @entity15 / @entity15 analysis of @entity6108 analogues revealed a common fragmentation behavior of all tested compounds, which gave diagnostic product ions identified for each molecule. The established @entity15 / @entity15 behavior will be applied to determine metabolic by-products of @entity6108 analogues as well as to develop targeted identification/quantification methods within biological extracts. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Establishment of tandem mass spectrometric fingerprint of novel antineoplastic XXXX analogues using electrospray ionization.

entities_list: @entity71273 :: ('CHEBI:48589', 'Chemical') :: ['piperidone']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity4785 :: ('MESH:D004213', 'Disease') :: ['collision-induced dissociation', 'CID']

entities_list: @entity6108 :: ('MESH:D003474', 'Chemical') :: ['Curcumin', 'curcumin']

answer: @entity6108 :: (MESH:D003474,Chemical) :: ['curcumin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background. Chemotherapy and targeted drugs are important tools in the treatment of @entity5 . A number of the planned treatments are cancelled late which is a great challenge for the clinic to minimize in order to prevent the risk for misused resources. The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency and reasons for late (<48 hours) cancellations and also to get an overview of all intravenous medical anti- @entity5 treatment at the clinic. Material and methods. During four weeks in October 2010 all @entity1 with intravenously administered chemotherapy and/or targeted drugs were registered at the Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital. The survey comprehends the vast majority of all such treatment for solid @entity5 in adult @entity1 in the Stockholm region with two million inhabitants. All @entity40396 including their reasons were recorded. Diagnoses, treatment indication, line of treatment and survival, in particular short term survival, were analyzed. Results. Almost 3000 bookings for 1460 @entity1 were included and 13% were cancelled late. @entity1 detoriation was the dominating cause for late cancellation in @entity1 with palliative treatment (59%), while hematological @entity137 was most common in the adjuvant group (42%). The most common treatment indication was palliative (62%). Of the palliative treatments, 95% where given in the first to third treatment line. @entity0 (31.9%) and @entity14 (29.9%) were the two most common diagnoses. Seventy-one @entity1 (4.9%) died within two months after the treatment. Conclusion. A more careful selection and monitoring of the @entity1 might reduce the number of late cancellations due to @entity1 detoriation. To record performance status (PS) as a routine for all @entity1 might be helpful in that process. If the number of late cancellations could be reduced, resources at the clinic could be used more efficiently.

title: Why is intravenous chemotherapy cancelled and how often. Could it be prevented? A prospective analysis of all planned and given intravenous anti- XXXX treatments at the Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm during one month.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignant diseases', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity40396 :: ('MESH:C562993', 'Disease') :: ['bookings and late cancellations']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In Africa, @entity3753 and @entity3070 are currently used in combination for annual mass drug administration (MDA) for @entity3754 ( @entity3754 ) elimination. Rapid and sustained clearance is desirable for public health impact and elimination of @entity3754 . Increasing the dose and/or frequency of @entity3753 and @entity3070 treatment may be more effective in clearing microfilariae than standard MDA. METHODS: We conducted a randomised controlled open label trial in northern Malawi comparing three modified treatment groups to standard dosage of @entity3070 and @entity3753 in adults with confirmed circulating @entity3754 antigen and microfilaria. @entity1 were followed-up every 6 months for 2 years for repeat microfilarial counts and safety assessments. RESULTS: A total of 1851 adults were screened and 70 with microfilarial counts >80 microfilariae/ml were randomised. All treatment groups achieved a significant reduction of microfilariae levels by 12- and 24-months of follow-up. Doubling the standard dose and administering it twice yearly showed a non-significant tendency towards faster and more complete clearance. There were no serious adverse reactions. CONCLUSIONS: In this small study, all regimens effectively cleared microfilaria. Standard treatment may be adequate in settings like Malawi but not in all endemic settings and larger studies are required to demonstrate benefit of higher dosages. [ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01213576].

title: Randomised controlled clinical trial of increased dose and frequency of @entity3753 and XXXX on Wuchereria bancrofti microfilarial clearance in northern Malawi.

entities_list: @entity3753 :: ('MESH:D015766', 'Chemical') :: ['albendazole']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants']

entities_list: @entity3754 :: ('MESH:D004605', 'Disease') :: ['lymphatic filariasis', 'LF']

entities_list: @entity3070 :: ('MESH:D007559', 'Chemical') :: ['ivermectin']

answer: @entity3070 :: (MESH:D007559,Chemical) :: ['ivermectin']


abstract: Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a potent vasoconstrictor released from the sympathetic nerves, has been suggested to counterbalance sepsis-induced vasodilation. Thus, the changes in plasma and tissue NPY concentrations in relation to hemodynamic variables and inflammatory markers in a porcine model of moderate @entity326 were investigated. Susceptibility of NPY to be removed by continuous hemofiltration in two settings has been also studied. Thirty-four @entity12526 were divided into five groups: (i) control group; (ii) control group with conventional hemofiltration; (iii) septic group; (iv) septic group with conventional hemofiltration; and (v) septic group with high-volume hemofiltration. @entity295 induced by @entity298 continued for 22 h. Hemofiltration was applied for the last 10 h. Hemodynamic and inflammatory parameters (heart rate, mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, plasma concentrations of @entity5 @entity39 factor-a, interleukin-6, and NPY) were measured before and at 12 and 22 h of @entity298 . NPY tissue levels were determined in the left ventricle and mesenteric and coronary arteries. @entity295 induced long-lasting increases in the systemic NPY levels without affecting its tissue concentrations. Continuous hemofiltration at any dose did not reduce sepsis-induced elevations in NPY plasma concentrations, nor did it affect the peptide tissue levels. The increases in NPY systemic levels were significantly correlated with changes in the systemic vascular resistance. The results support the hypothesis of NPY implication in the regulation of the vascular resistance under septic conditions and indicate that NPY clearance rate during hemofiltration does not exceed the capacity of perivascular nerves to release it.

title: Plasma and tissue levels of neuropeptide y in experimental XXXX : relation to hemodynamics, inflammation, oxidative stress, and hemofiltration.

entities_list: @entity12526 :: ('9825', 'Species') :: ['domestic pigs']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['fecal peritonitis', 'peritonitis']

answer: @entity326 :: (MESH:D012772,Disease) :: ['septic shock']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Selection of the best oocyte for subsequent steps of fertilization and embryo transfer was shown to be the crucial step in @entity1 @entity249 treatment procedure. Oocyte selection using morphological criteria mainly Zona pellucida (ZP) has been the gold standard method in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) clinics, but this selection approach has limitations in terms of accuracy, objectivity and constancy. Recent studies using OMICs-based approaches have allowed the identification of key molecular markers that quantitatively and non-invasively predict the oocyte quality for higher pregnancy rates and efficient @entity249 treatment. These biomarkers are a valuable reinforcement of the morphological selection criteria widely used in @entity52 ( @entity52 ) clinics. In this context, this study was designed to investigate the relationship between transcriptomic predictors of oocyte quality found by our group and the conventional morphological parameters of oocyte quality mainly the ZP birefringence. RESULTS: Microarray data revealed that 48 and 27 differentially expressed candidate genes in cumulus cells (CCs) were respectively overexpressed and underexpressed in the ZGP (Zona Good Pregnant) versus ZBNP (Zona Bad Non Pregnant) groups. More than 70% of previously reported transcriptomic biomarkers of oocyte developmental competence were confirmed in this study. The analysis of possible association between ZP birefringence versus molecular markers approach showed an absence of correlation between them using the current set of markers. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested a new integrative approach that matches morphological and molecular approaches used to select developmentally competent oocytes able to lead to successful pregnancy and the delivery of healthy baby. For each ZP birefringence score, oocytes displayed a particular CCs' gene expression pattern. However, no correlations were found between the 7 gene biomarkers of oocyte developmental potential and the ZP birefringence score. Further studies using larger lists of candidate markers are required to identify suitable genes that are highly correlated with the morphological criteria, and therefore able to reinforce the accuracy of oocyte selection and the effectiveness of @entity249 treatment.

title: Use of both cumulus cells' transcriptomic markers and zona pellucida birefringence to select developmentally competent oocytes in XXXX assisted reproductive technologies.

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['in vitro fertilization', 'IVF']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of the present study was to determine the long-term outcomes of @entity75 following a rotational atherectomy (ROTA). In this retrospective study, @entity1 that had undergone a ROTA of the bifurcation coronary lesions in Juntendo University Hospital (Tokyo, Japan) were enrolled between January 2007 and December 2009, and received follow-up for a median duration of 48 months (range, 12-84 months). A total of 337 @entity1 were enrolled. Each @entity1 was treated with an average of 1.2  0.4 ROTA burrs (mean size, 2.9  0.3 mm). Baseline lesion length, reference diameter, @entity5562 ( @entity5562 ) and percentage of diameter stenosis (%DS) prior to the procedure were comparable between the @entity3918 and non- @entity3918 @entity1 . Furthermore, @entity5562 , %DS and @entity697 following the procedure were similar between the two groups. At follow-up, @entity3918 @entity1 exhibited a significantly decreased @entity5562 (1.97  0.92 vs. 2.26  0.73 mm; P=0.0038), increased %DS (27.9  21.3 vs. 20.2  13.3%; P=0.022) and late loss (0.70  0.45 vs. 0.42  0.36 mm; P=0.0047) compared with the non- @entity3918 @entity1 . Follow-up examinations (mean duration, 52.2  19.4 months) revealed that the @entity3918 @entity1 experienced significantly higher rates of @entity75 revascularization (TLR) [28 (15.7%) vs. 8 (5.0%); P=0.0011], @entity75 ( @entity75 ) restenosis [46 (25.8%) vs. 20 (12.6%); P=0.0019] and major adverse @entity299 (MACE) [36 (20.2%) vs. 19 (12.0%), P=0.039] compared with the non- @entity3918 @entity1 . Although the usage of ROTA and drug-eluting stent evidently improved long-term outcomes in @entity1 with @entity75 , @entity3918 remained an independent risk factor for TLR, @entity75 restenosis and MACE. Therefore, the management of @entity3918 in @entity75 treated with ROTA requires increased investigation in future clinical practice.

title: Long-term outcomes of rotational atherectomy in coronary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute gain']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['bifurcation lesions', 'TL', 'target lesion']

entities_list: @entity5562 :: ('MESH:D015875', 'Disease') :: ['minimal lumen diameter', 'MLD']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['bifurcation lesions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the development of nephrotoxicity associated with @entity3273 dose, and whether this relationship differs depending on renal function. DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study of @entity1 who received intravenous @entity3273 to treat @entity281 caused by extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative microorganisms. Adult @entity1 receiving @entity3273 for 72 hours or longer were included in this study. @entity1 who received renal replacement therapy at baseline or were administered @entity3273 for less than 3 days were excluded. @entity3273 -induced nephrotoxicity was defined as a doubling of baseline serum @entity1011 . @entity3273 dosing was evaluated based on both actual body weight and ideal body weight. SETTING: Single general hospital between 2010 and 2013. @entity1 : A total number of 475 @entity1 received @entity3273 therapy. Of these @entity1 , 329 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: One hundred forty-three @entity1 (43.5%) experienced nephrotoxicity during @entity3273 treatment. The median onset time of nephrotoxicity was 6 days (interquartile range, 4-8 days). The @entity1 with nephrotoxicity were older. Hematocrit and serum albumin levels were lower in @entity1 with nephrotoxicity. Median daily dosing of @entity3273 based on ideal body weight was significantly higher in @entity1 with nephrotoxicity than in those without nephrotoxicity (4.55 vs 4.43 mg/kg/d, respectively; p = 0.021). The cumulative dose was not different between @entity1 with and without nephrotoxicity. In multiple logistic regression analysis, daily @entity3273 dosing based on ideal body weight was only significantly associated with the development of nephrotoxicity in @entity1 with an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/ @entity1009 .73 m (odds ratio, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.22-4.5). In these affected @entity1 , based on a receiver operating characteristic plot, the optimal predictive cutoff of @entity3273 dose for the development of nephrotoxicity was 2.87 mg/kg/d of @entity3273 , with a sensitivity of 92.3% and a specificity of 76.7%. In @entity1 with estimated glomerular filtration rate >=  60 mL/ @entity1009 .73 m, age, serum albumin, hematocrit, and use of glycopeptide were associated with the development of nephrotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS: Development of nephrotoxicity was significantly more strongly associated with the dose of @entity3273 , but only in @entity1 with an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/ @entity1009 .73 m and not in those with normal renal function.

title: Association Between XXXX Dose and Development of Nephrotoxicity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3273 :: ('MESH:D003091', 'Chemical') :: ['Colistin', 'colistin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity3273 :: (MESH:D003091,Chemical) :: ['Colistin']


abstract: 108 @entity1 who received @entity2890 or @entity4509 could be evaluated for nephrotoxicity in a prospective randomized trial. Both groups had similar illnesses, and causative agents, concurrent drug administration, ages, sex ratios, initial serum @entity1011 and @entity4028 levels and total dose and duration of therapy. Using urinary concentration of @entity2262 ( @entity2262 ) as a marker, nephrotoxicity was detected in 13 (22.4%) of 58 @entity1 given @entity2890 and 13 (26%) of 50 given @entity4509 (n.s.). Using serum @entity1011 as a marker, nephrotoxicity was detected in 3 (5.2%) of 58 @entity1 given @entity2890 and in 7 (14%) of 50 given @entity4509 (n.s.). The whole group of 108 @entity1 was used to compare the usefulness of serum @entity1011 levels versus urinary concentration of @entity2262 . An elevation of serum @entity1011 was detected in 10 of 108 @entity1 (9.3%). In 5 of these 10 @entity1 the @entity2262 remained normal, suggesting a functional @entity177 . In 21 of the 108 @entity1 (19.4%) the @entity2262 increased while the serum @entity1011 remained normal, suggesting an @entity4028 nephrotoxicity which would have remained undetected if only serum @entity1011 had been measured. In the remaining @entity1 (77 of the 108; 71.3%) serum @entity1011 and urinary concentration of @entity2262 both remained normal throughout the treatment. In conclusion no statistically significant differences were found between @entity2890 and @entity4509 nephrotoxicity. Urinary @entity2262 is more sensitive than serum @entity1011 and furthermore it allows one to differentiate @entity4028 nephrotoxicity from functional @entity177 .

title: XXXX and @entity4509 nephrotoxicity. Value of serum @entity1011 versus urinary concentration of @entity2262 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2890 :: ('MESH:D014031', 'Chemical') :: ['tobramycin']

entities_list: @entity2262 :: ('567', 'Gene') :: ['beta 2m', 'beta 2 microglobulin']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

answer: @entity2890 :: (MESH:D014031,Chemical) :: ['Tobramycin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) is important, due to the associated very high mortality. Failure to diagnose @entity1187 is a problem both for the @entity1 and the clinicians. @entity63 modified albumin (IMA) has already been licensed by the US Food and Drug Administration for the diagnosis of suspected @entity741 . METHODS: @entity1 attending the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) within 6  h after having features of @entity1187 were selected. IMA was done on admission. Blinded to the IMA results @entity1 were fully evaluated and a diagnosis of non-ischemic @entity662 (NICP), @entity1459 ( @entity1459 ) or @entity583 ( @entity583 ) was made. Later IMA results were correlated in each group. RESULTS: Mean IMA value was 56.38      23.89  u/ml in NICP group whereas in @entity1459 group it was 89.00      7.76  u/ml and @entity583 group was 87.50      9.62  u/ml. This showed a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 87%. The positive predictive value of the test was 88% and negative predictive value was 94%. In 16 @entity1 an early diagnosis could be made when compared with @entity1619 . Of the 89 @entity1 11 @entity1 died in hospital. The IMA value was compared between this group and the @entity1 who survived. @entity1 who died had a mean IMA value of 88.5 with a standard deviation of 5.33 whereas in @entity1 who survived the mean value was 78.26 which was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In conclusion the benefit of the test would be to rule out @entity1187 in @entity1 who present early to @entity341 with inconclusive diagnosis.

title: Role of " @entity63 Modified Albumin" (IMA) in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['UA', 'unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndromes']


abstract: A liposome-entrapped liposome form of @entity632 (Lip-ADM) has been demonstrated to cause less myocardial and gastrointestinal @entity137 than free ADM. In the present study, Lip-ADM prepared by the remote loading method was administered to 3 @entity1 with metastatic @entity96 via a reservoir with the catheter located in the proper hepatic artery. The @entity5 was @entity356 in 2 @entity1 and sigmoid @entity694 in 1. Lip-ADM was administered at doses of 10, 20 or 50 mg per time. The total ADM dose was 170, 490, and 760 mg, respectively. No severe adverse effects, such as @entity390 , @entity391 , @entity3136 , @entity1665 or @entity1370 , were observed in any of the @entity1 . Although mild @entity1431 (2,800/microliters) was observed in 1 @entity1 , @entity417 or @entity882 did not occur. The survival time was respectively 6, 15, and 17 months from the start of Lip-ADM administration. A partial response was obtained in 1 @entity1 and stable disease in 1 @entity1 . Administration of Lip-ADM via a reservoir appears to be a useful treatment for @entity1 with metastatic @entity96 , since the low @entity137 of this preparation allows an increase of the total dose of ADM.

title: Intra-arterial liposomal XXXX for metastatic @entity96 .

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['stomatitis']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the liver']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['adriamycin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 turns into a chronic disease. Its impact on @entity1 's daily life may require the assistance of caregiver. AIMS: To explore the experiences of main caregivers (MCs) helping @entity1 suffering from @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and to explore the role and the position assigned to general practitioners (GPs). METHOD: Qualitative study using semi-directive interviews with 13  PCs, recruited in Roanne's hospital and the @entity5 Institute Lucien-Neuwirth (Rh  ne-Alpes), conducted from February to May 2014. RESULTS: MCs' life was affected on a social, family, and professional level. Despite a need of listening and support, they remained behind, by devotion. GPs' were care managers, and were found out empathic, compassionate and reassuring. Present at the @entity5 announcement and viewed as an actor at the end of life, their functions were variable, following MCs during the treatment phase. During this phase, some of them perceived that lack of time, expertise and/or information seemed to be an obstacle to their solicitations. CONCLUSION: GPs' regular care could improve MCs' quality of life. Telemedicine could facilitate communication between GPs and hospital staff asked by the MCs.

title: [Experiences of main caregivers helping XXXX suffering from @entity2 and position assigned to general practitioners.]

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer', 'LC']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The ontogeny of optic fiber patterns within the @entity1238 retina has been studied in @entity575 -stained serial sections and whole mounts. Ganglion cell axons ("pioneers") appear much earlier than previously recognized, at Nieuwkoop-Faber ('56) Stage 28. Fibers fasciculate into bundles as they arise in the retina and reach the chiasma by NF Stage 32. Because the retina grows in rings at its margins, @entity4494 cell axons differentiate at the periphery and join the nearest fiber bundles (fascicles) to reach the optical disc. A radial fascicle pattern develops by Stage X (Grant et al., '80) within the optic fiber layer of the retina and acts as a template of pathways that lead all later appearing fibers out of the retina. Since the retina grows asymmetrically along its dorso-ventral axis, the fascicle pattern develops asymmetrically, with dorsal quadrant fascicles forming an arcuate pattern in contrast to shorter, thicker ventral quadrant fascicles. The growth pattern of the retina and the "principle" of fiber following suggest that "positional information" is acquired by @entity4494 cells according to a system of polar coordinates (MacDonald, '77). A radial distance "r" from the center is determined temporarily by @entity4494 cell birthday and an angular value "theta" is given by the angular position of the fascicle followed by its axons to the optical disc. Wedges of @entity4494 cells send their axons into a common fascicle which retains its integrity as it leaves the retina at the optic disc. This pattern of optic fiber development suggests a model for retino-topic ordering of the optic fiber projection in @entity1238 , with the fascicle acting as the "pattern-forming unit of connectivity."

title: Ontogeny of the retina and optic nerve in XXXX . II. Ontogeny of the optic fiber pattern in the retina.

entities_list: @entity1238 :: ('8355', 'Species') :: ['Xenopus laevis', 'Xenopus']

answer: @entity1238 :: (8355,Species) :: ['Xenopus laevis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This paper demonstrates the mechanism of a multidimensional computerized adaptive test (CAT) to measure @entity1295 in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ). A CAT can be used to precisely measure @entity1 -reported outcomes at an individual level as items are consequentially selected based on the @entity1 's previous answers. The item bank of the CAT Fatigue @entity309 has been developed from the @entity1 ' perspective and consists of 196 items pertaining to three @entity1295 dimensions: severity, impact and variability of @entity1295 . METHODS: The CAT Fatigue @entity309 was completed by fifteen @entity1 . To test the CAT's working mechanism, we applied the flowchart-check-method. The adaptive item selection procedure for each @entity1 was checked by the researchers. The estimated @entity1295 levels and the measurement precision per dimension were illustrated with the selected items, answers and flowcharts. RESULTS: The CAT Fatigue @entity309 selected all items in a logical sequence and those items were selected which provided the most information about the @entity1 's individual @entity1295 . Flowcharts further illustrated that the CAT reached a satisfactory measurement precision, with less than 20 items, on the dimensions severity and impact and to somewhat lesser extent also for the dimension variability. @entity1 ' @entity1295 scores varied across the three dimensions; sometimes severity scored highest, other times impact or variability. The CAT's ability to display different @entity1295 experiences can improve communication in daily clinical practice, guide interventions, and facilitate research into possible predictors of @entity1295 . CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the CAT Fatigue @entity309 measures precise and comprehensive. Once it is examined in more detail in a consecutive, elaborate validation study, the CAT will be available for implementation in daily clinical practice and for research purposes.

title: Working mechanism of a multidimensional computerized adaptive test for XXXX in @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity1295 :: (MESH:D005221,Disease) :: ['fatigue']


abstract: AIMS: Neointimal @entity1373 is a common feature of fibro-proliferative @entity455 and characterizes initial stages of @entity731 . Neointimal lesions mainly comprise smooth muscle-like cells. The presence of these lesions is related to local differences in shear stress. Neointimal cells may arise through migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells from the media. However, a role for the endothelium as a source of smooth muscle-like cells has largely been disregarded. Here, we investigated the role of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in neointimal @entity1373 and atherogenesis, and studied its modulation by shear stress. METHODS AND RESULTS: In @entity1 @entity731 plaques and porcine aortic tissues, myo-endothelial cells were identified, suggestive for EndMT. Flow disturbance by @entity2334 in @entity19 similarly showed the presence of myo-endothelial cells specifically in regions exposed to disturbed flow. While uniform laminar shear stress (LSS) was found to inhibit EndMT, endothelial cells exposed to disturbed flow underwent EndMT, in vitro and in vivo, and showed atherogenic differentiation. Gain- and loss-of-function studies using a constitutive active mutant of @entity37775 and short hairpins targeting @entity6976 established a pivotal role for @entity6976 signalling in the inhibition of EndMT. CONCLUSION: Together, these data suggest that EndMT contributes to neointimal @entity1373 and induces atherogenic differentiation of endothelial cells. Importantly, we uncovered that EndMT is modulated by shear stress in an @entity6976 -dependent manner. These findings provide new insights in the role of adverse endothelial plasticity in @entity455 and identify a novel atheroprotective mechanism of uniform LSS, namely inhibition of EndMT.

title: Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition contributes to fibro-proliferative XXXX and is modulated by fluid shear stress.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity2334 :: ('MESH:D017545', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic-aortic constriction']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['vascular disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Female birds may adjust their offspring phenotype to the specific requirements of the environment by differential allocation of physiologically active substances into yolks, such as @entity3800 . Yolk @entity3800 have been shown to accelerate embryonic development, growth rate and competitive ability of nestlings, but they can also entail immunological costs. The balance between costs and benefits of @entity342 allocation is expected to depend on nestling environment. We tested this hypothesis in a multibrooded passerine, the spotless starling, Sturnus unicolor. We experimentally manipulated yolk @entity342 levels using a between-brood design and evaluated its effects on nestling development, survival and immune function. Both in first and replacement broods, the embryonic development period was shorter for @entity342 -treated chicks than controls, but there were no differences in second broods. In replacement broods, @entity342 -treated chicks were heavier and larger than those hatched from control eggs, but this effect was not observed in the other breeding attempts. @entity342 exposure reduced survival with respect to controls only in second broods. Regarding immune function, we detected nonsignificant trends for @entity342 treatment to activate two important components of innate and adaptive immunity ( @entity650 and @entity7571 levels, respectively). Similarly, @entity342 -treated chicks showed greater lymphocyte proliferation than controls in the first brood and an opposite trend in the second brood. Our results indicate that yolk @entity342 effects on nestling development and immunity depend on the environmental conditions of each breeding attempt. Variation in maternal @entity342 allocation to eggs could be explained as the result of context-dependent optimal strategies to maximize offspring fitness.

title: Context-dependent effects of yolk XXXX on nestling growth and immune function in a multibrooded passerine.

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen', 'Androgen']

answer: @entity3800 :: (MESH:D000728,Chemical) :: ['androgens']


abstract: 1. In an unselected adult renal transplant population, @entity1140 as the primary immunosuppressive agent yielded one- and 2-year actuarial @entity1 survival rates of 95% and 93% and one- and 2-year actuarial graft survival rates of 89% and 83%, respectively. Forty-nine percent of successfully transplanted @entity1 were weaned off @entity230 . 2. In pediatric renal transplant @entity1 , @entity1140 has been associated with 100% one- and 3-year actuarial @entity1 survival rates and 98% and 85% one- and 3-year actuarial graft survival rates, respectively. Sixty-two percent of successfully transplanted @entity1 were taken off @entity229 , with dramatic improvements in height. 3. @entity1140 has been used successfully in rescuing 70-74% of adult or pediatric renal transplant @entity1 with an acute rejection that failed conventional therapy. 4. Kidney/bone marrow transplantation under @entity1140 therapy has been successfully performed without @entity2132 and with routine augmentation of chimerism. 5. The side effects of @entity1140 included nephrotoxicity, @entity2359 , and diabetogenicity; they were comparable to those seen with CsA. 6. @entity1140 is an important new addition to the immunosuppressive armamentarium in renal transplant @entity1 .

title: Renal transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh: the impact of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['FK506']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: It has been reported that plasma @entity1255 ( @entity5784 ) levels in type 1 @entity6 (T1DM) @entity1 without renal involvement are higher, similar to or lower than those in healthy controls. METHODS AND RESULTS: We measured plasma @entity5784 in 60 controls, 79 type 1 @entity6 (23 with @entity989 , 22 with @entity8 ) and 73 non-diabetic relatives of 30 probands. The female controls had lower levels than their male counterparts: geometric mean 10.5 vs 13.6 mumol/L, p < 0.001. Among the controls, smokers (n = 20) and ex-smokers (n = 12) had higher @entity5784 levels than non-smokers (n = 28): 13.2 and 13.2 vs 10.9 mumol/L, p < 0.01. Among the @entity6 , high plasma @entity5784 levels were associated with male gender: 11.9 vs 9.1 mumol/L in @entity1 , p < 0.01. The @entity1 without complications had higher plasma @entity413 and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (p < 0.001), and lower plasma @entity5784 (9.2 mumol/L vs 12.2, p < 0.01) and @entity414 levels (p < 0.05) than the controls. The @entity1 with @entity8 and higher levels of @entity5784 (13.0 mumol/L vs 9.0, p < 0.05), and different levels of @entity1011 (p < 0.01), @entity414 (p < 0.01), @entity2002 (p < 0.05), and urinary albumin (p < 0.001) than those with @entity989 . There was no difference in @entity5784 levels between the @entity1 ' relatives and the controls: 11.9 mumol/L in siblings vs 11.6 mumol/L, 13.5 mumol/L in parents vs 12.1 mumol/L. In the control group, plasma @entity5784 levels were associated with age, gender and smoking; among the @entity6 , they correlated with age, gender, smoking, and plasma @entity1011 and lipoprotein (a) levels. CONCLUSIONS: 1) male gender and smoking are associated with high @entity5784 levels in healthy @entity1 ; 2) plasma @entity5784 levels are lower in T1DM @entity1 than in healthy @entity1 (glomerular hyperfiltration and accelerated hepatic transsulfuration?); 3) high @entity5784 levels are associated with @entity2316 and plasma @entity1011 levels; and 4) non-diabetic first-degree relatives of type 1 @entity6 have normal plasma @entity5784 concentrations.

title: Blood levels of total @entity1255 in @entity1 with type 1 XXXX (with no complications, @entity2316 and/or @entity989 ) and in their non-diabetic relatives.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: To study the protective effects of the antioxidant @entity224 dismutase (SOD) against platelet-activating factor ( @entity5567 )-induced endothelial permeability. Endothelial cells (ECs) were isolated from @entity1 umbilical veins from normal pregnancies. The first passage (P1) ECs were grown in polycarbonate transwell filters. Confluent ECs were incubated with @entity5567 at concentrations of 2, 5, and 10 microgram/mL for 2 hours or pretreated with @entity224 dismutase. Endothelial monolayer permeability was then measured by EC electrical resistance or by the leakage of horseradish @entity2625 (HRP) passing through filters. Endothelial junctional protein distribution and expression of @entity3545 and @entity11177 were determined by fluorescent staining of endothelial monolayer and by Western blot analysis. mRNA expressions for @entity3545 and @entity11177 were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Data are expressed as Omega. cm(2) for electrical resistance and DeltaOD 470 nm for HRP assay and presented as mean +/- standard error of the mean. Analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis. A P value less than.05 was considered statistically significant. Endothelial cell electrical resistance was decreased and HRP leakage was increased in ECs treated with @entity5567 . Intercellular gaps were formed at cell contact regions in ECs treated with @entity5567 , as evaluated by staining of junctional protein @entity3545 and @entity11177 . The functional changes of the EC barrier and the formation of intercellular gaps induced by @entity5567 were concentration dependent, which could be partially attenuated by pretreatment of ECs with SOD. Total cellular junctional protein expression and mRNA expression of @entity3545 and @entity11177 were not affected by @entity5567 . Increased EC monolayer permeability induced by platelet-activating factor is associated with disorganization of EC junctional protein distribution of @entity3545 and @entity11177 . @entity224 dismutase partially attenuated the @entity5567 -induced increased endothelial monolayer permeability, which suggests that oxidative stress might be involved in the process of @entity5567 -induced disturbances of endothelial barrier function.

title: Antioxidant XXXX dismutase attenuates increased endothelial permeability induced by platelet-activating factor.

entities_list: @entity2625 :: ('CHEBI:44785', 'Chemical') :: ['peroxide']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide', 'Superoxide']

answer: @entity224 :: (MESH:D013481,Chemical) :: ['superoxide']


abstract: @entity75 (SNC) in @entity35 were produced by electrolytic coagulation or by an injection of @entity2955 . Two to 5 weeks later, after being preselected for @entity4944 -induced @entity717 behavior, the animals were administered narcotic agonists or antagonists and their circling behavior was observed. @entity1286 , @entity284 , @entity14887 , @entity24458 or @entity12586 induced @entity717 movements; both @entity1510 and @entity3982 were without effect. Ipsilateral circling was also observed in @entity35 with unilateral electrolytic lesions after administration of agents that are thought to enhance central dopaminergic activities: @entity2254 , @entity3034 and @entity3826 . In @entity35 with unilateral electrolytic or @entity2955 SNC lesions that were rendered highly @entity1286 -dependent by multiple- @entity1286 pellet implantation, contralateral (C) circling behavior was observed within 1 to 2 minutes after a @entity1510 challenge; the onset and duration of C circling behavior coincided with the initial appearance and duration of precipitated- @entity1286 withdrawal signs. C circling was also observed after administration of putative @entity935 receptor blockers, @entity1767 and @entity1766 in @entity35 with either unilateral electrolytic or @entity2955 SNC lesions. @entity1286 pretreatment diminished both the C circling intensity and the appearance of withdrawal signs observed after a @entity1510 challenge in @entity1286 -dependent, SNC-lesioned @entity35 . The @entity1510 -precipitated withdrawal in unilaterally lesioned @entity1286 -dependent @entity35 was accompanied by a 20% elevation of neostriatal @entity935 in the intact side. In contrast to the effects of a chronic @entity75 in decreasing neostriatal @entity935 , a 77% increase was observed in the lesioned side 30 minutes after electrolytic coagulation. Thus, narcotic agonists and partial agonists may enhance central dopaminergic activities and @entity1510 -precipitated withdrawal may involve a diminution in central dopaminergic activities of the nigroneostriatal pathway.

title: Circling behavior after narcotic drugs and during XXXX -precipitated abstinence in @entity35 with unilateral nigral lesions.

entities_list: @entity1766 :: ('MESH:D010868', 'Chemical') :: ['pimozide']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral circling']

entities_list: @entity12586 :: ('MESH:D010423', 'Chemical') :: ['pentazocine']

entities_list: @entity2254 :: ('MESH:D003913', 'Chemical') :: ['d-amphetamine']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['SNC lesion', 'Unilateral lesions of the substantia nigra zona compacta']

entities_list: @entity14887 :: ('MESH:D007981', 'Chemical') :: ['levorphanol']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity24458 :: ('MESH:D009269', 'Chemical') :: ['nalorphine']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity3826 :: ('MESH:D001058', 'Chemical') :: ['apomorphine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine', 'Morphine']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

entities_list: @entity4944 :: ('MESH:D000661', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamine']

entities_list: @entity3982 :: ('MESH:D003917', 'Chemical') :: ['dextrorphan']

entities_list: @entity2955 :: ('MESH:D016627', 'Chemical') :: ['6-hydroxydopamine']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

answer: @entity1510 :: (MESH:D009270,Chemical) :: ['naloxone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective @entity3178 is a common cause of chronic @entity294 in the Scandinavian countries. This report comprises demographic data, clinical and endoscopic features, and occurrence of @entity29 ( @entity29 ) in a large urban cohort of @entity1 with @entity11162 ( @entity11162 ) and @entity4143 ( @entity4143 ). Materials and methods A total of 795 @entity1 with @entity3178 from two hospitals in Stockholm were included. Medical records were reviewed and clinical data, including endoscopic and histological findings, were compiled. Results Forty-three percent had @entity4143 (female:male ratio 3.7:1) and 57% had @entity11162 (female:male ratio 2.7:1). The mean age at diagnosis of @entity4143 was 63 years and of @entity11162 was 59 years (p   =   0.005). Clinical features were similar in both entities, but the intensity of symptoms differed. Watery @entity294 was reported in 55% in @entity4143 @entity1 versus in 43% in @entity11162 @entity1 (p   =   0.0014), and nocturnal @entity294 in 28% versus 18% (p   =   0.002). Subtle endoscopic mucosal findings were reported in 37% of the @entity4143 @entity1 and in 25% of the @entity11162 @entity1 (p   =   0.0011). @entity6523 were found in 5.3% of all @entity1 . @entity66 occurred in 6% and @entity29 occurred in 2.1% of all @entity1 . Conclusions Clinical features of @entity11162 and @entity4143 are similar but not identical. @entity4143 seems to be a more @entity32 and @entity11162 tends to occur earlier in life. Both forms might indeed feature endoscopic findings despite the designation 'microscopic'. Our study confirms the strong association with @entity66 .

title: @entity3178 : a descriptive clinical cohort study of 795 XXXX with collagenous and @entity11162 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity11162 :: ('MESH:D046730', 'Disease') :: ['lymphocytic colitis', 'LC']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['severe type of bowel inflammation']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Coeliac disease', 'coeliac disease']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity3178 :: ('MESH:D046728', 'Disease') :: ['Microscopic colitis', 'microscopic colitis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['coeliac and inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity6523 :: ('MESH:D018256', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal adenomatous polyps']

entities_list: @entity4143 :: ('MESH:D046729', 'Disease') :: ['collagenous colitis', 'CC']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A group of lactobacilli isolated from the cervix of 31 healthy @entity1 was characterized by ( @entity15533 )-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprinting in order to evaluate this method for identification of vaginal lactobacilli. Obtained fingerprints were compared with profiles available in an in-house database of the CCM bacteria collection covering type and reference strains of multiple @entity880 bacteria including lactobacilli. Selected strains representing individual clusters were further identified by pheS gene sequencing. In total, six @entity10265 species were found among lactobacilli isolated from the cervix of healthy @entity1 . The ( @entity15533 )-PCR method identified @entity24046 (11 strains), @entity10688 (one), and some of the @entity10265 jensenii strains (eight out of 11), but failed to identify the remaining strains, including the @entity10265 (18), @entity10265 mucosae (one), and @entity10265 vaginalis (one) species. L. jensenii strains were distributed over two fingerprint clusters. The majority of samples was dominated by one ( @entity15533 )-PCR type. The rep-PCR fingerprinting using the ( @entity15533 ) primer allowed straightforward identification of many, but not all, isolates. This method has been shown to be a useful tool for fast screening and grouping of vaginal lactobacilli, but its combination with another identification method is needed to obtain reliable identification results. In addition, @entity9206 was not shown to be the most common inhabitant of the female genital tract as generally assumed.

title: ( @entity15533 )-PCR fingerprinting of lactobacilli isolated from cervix of healthy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity10688 :: ('1613', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus fermentum']

entities_list: @entity24046 :: ('1596', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus gasseri']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

entities_list: @entity9206 :: ('1579', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus acidophilus']

entities_list: @entity10265 :: ('47770', 'Species') :: ['lactobacillus', 'Lactobacillus crispatus', 'Lactobacillus']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Rodents include both the @entity5 -susceptible short-lived @entity19 and the two unrelated @entity5 -resistant long-lived mole- @entity35 . In this work, their genomes were analyzed with the goal to reveal pathways enriched in genes, which are more similar between the mole- @entity35 than between the @entity19 and the @entity25095 . The pathways related to cell cycle control were prominent. They include external signal transduction and all cell cycle stages. There are several stem cell pathways among them. The other enriched pathways involve ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation, immunity, mRNA splicing, and apoptosis. The ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation is a core of network of enriched pathways. However, this phenomenon is not specific for the @entity19 and the mole- @entity35 . The other muroid species  show features similar to the @entity19 , whereas the non-muroid rodents and the @entity1 show features similar to the mole- @entity35 . The higher ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous @entity4334 substitutions (dN/dS) indicates the accelerated evolution of revealed pathways in the muroid rodents (except the blind mole- @entity35 ). Paradoxically, the dN/dS averaged over the whole genome is lower in the muroids, i.e., the purifying selection is generally stronger in them. In practical sense, these data suggest caveat for using muroid rodents ( @entity19 , @entity35 , and hamsters) as biomedical models of @entity1 conditions involving cell cycle and show the network of pathways where muroid genes are most different (compared with non-muroid) from @entity1 genes. The @entity840 is emphasized as a more suitable rodent model for biomedical research involving cell cycle.

title: Accelerated pathway evolution in XXXX -like rodents involves cell cycle control.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: This study examined causes of burnout in doctors, nurses and social workers caring for @entity1 in @entity645 / @entity791 units. There were 84 @entity1 at Time 1 (1990) and 134 at Time 2 (1991). The results focus on the longitudinal subsample of 32 who participated in the study at both times. Path analysis was used to explore relationships between burnout at Time 2 and age, hours per week in @entity645 / @entity791 work, and external coping style at Time 1. Older age was related to lower levels of burnout at Time 2. Hours per week in @entity645 / @entity791 work was related to levels of burnout. @entity1 using an external coping style were more likely to score highly on burnout at Time 2. Where possible, management should avoid recruiting young, inexperienced staff without addressing burnout issues. Workshops to teach staff internal coping skills are recommended. Units might promote the psychosocial achievements of staff, shifting away from the traditional cure-based achievement measures.

title: Longitudinal predictors of burnout in @entity645 / XXXX health professionals.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the relationship between emotional social support and emotional well-being among Latina immigrants with @entity0 and test whether two culturally relevant coping strategies, @entity3329 and acceptance, mediate this relationship. METHODS: One hundred fifty Spanish-speaking Latinas within 1  year of @entity0 diagnosis participating in a randomized trial of a stress management intervention were assessed in @entity1 at baseline and via telephone 6  months later. Survey measures included baseline emotional support, @entity3329 , and acceptance and emotional well-being 6  months later. Generalized linear models estimated direct effects of emotional support on emotional well-being and indirect effects through @entity3329 and acceptance. RESULTS: Mean age was 50.1 (SD   =   10.9) years; most @entity1 had low education and acculturation levels. Emotional support was negatively associated with @entity3329 (r   =   -0.24, p   <   0.01) and positively associated with acceptance (r   =   0.30, p   <   0.001). Emotional support (r   =   0.23, p   =   0.005) and acceptance (r   =   0.28, p   =   0.001) were positively associated with emotional well-being, whereas @entity3329 (r   =   -0.36, p   <   0.0001) was negatively associated with emotional well-being. In multivariable models, emotional support was associated with emotional well-being (b   =   0.88, 95% CI: 0.24, 1.52). This direct effect remained significant when additionally controlling for @entity3329 (b   =   0.66, 95% CI: 0.03, 1.30) and acceptance (b   =   0.73, 95% CI: 0.09, 1.37) in separate models. There was a significant indirect effect of emotional support on emotional well-being through @entity3329 (b   =   0.21, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.51) as well as a marginally significant effect through acceptance (b   =   0.15, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.43). CONCLUSIONS: Emotional support may increase well-being among Spanish-speaking Latina @entity5 survivors by reducing @entity5 @entity3329 . Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Do coping strategies mediate the effects of emotional support on emotional well-being among Spanish-speaking Latina XXXX survivors?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'person']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the applicability of histopathological grading according to the protocol of Elston/Ellis and the Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) to a defined @entity0 population. The NPI is the sum of the individual scores concerning grade, @entity5 size, and lymph node status, each weighted according to regression coefficients of a Cox proportional hazard analysis and calculated for each individual @entity0 @entity1 . 630 consecutive @entity1 with invasive @entity0 diagnosed 1988-91 were retrospectively followed up and their @entity5 reviewed and graded. A Cox proportional hazard analysis was performed. Grade, lymph node status, and @entity5 size were statistically significant predictors of survival within the follow up period (median 7.2 years). Similar to NPI, a temporary index (Kalmar Prognostic Index, KPI) was derived and normalised to NPI for comparison (KPI(norm)). NPI and KPI(norm) gave similar prognostic power in spite of the differences of the @entity1 populations from which the 2 indices were derived. @entity1 with NPI 4 or less had 0.66% @entity0 specific mortality during the follow up time. 14% of the @entity1 with NPI 4.1-5 and 32% of those with an index sum 5.1-6 died from @entity0 during this time. Younger @entity1 tended to have higher grade @entity5 . We advocate the common use of grade and the NPI in order to increase the comparability of groups of @entity1 receiving different therapies.

title: Applying the Nottingham Prognostic Index to a Swedish @entity0 population. South East Swedish XXXX Study Group.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer']


abstract: The effects of @entity1891 (VCR) in combination with @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) and other antitumor agents were evaluated by cell growth inhibition assay using a @entity1 @entity981 cell line (MOLT-3). The data were analyzed with the aid of an isobologram using the concept of an envelope of additivity (G. G. Steel and M. J. Peckman, Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., 5:85-91, 1979). Simultaneous exposure of VCR and @entity1500 produced subadditive or mutually protective interactions. Sequential exposure to VCR first followed immediately by @entity1500 produced similar interactions. When the interval of VCR exposure first and then @entity1500 was increased from 0 to 3, 8, and 24 h, the inhibition of cell growth moved from protection and subadditivity to additivity only. The reversed order of exposure to the 2 drugs produced an entirely different picture. Thus, when the interval of @entity1500 exposure first followed by VCR increased from 0 to 3, 8, and 24 h, the inhibitory effects of the combination changed progressively from the area of subadditivity to the area of supraadditivity. When these data were evaluated using median effect plot analyses (T-C. Chou and P. Talalay. In: New Avenues in Developmental @entity5 Chemotherapy, pp. 36-64. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, 1987), strongly synergistic interaction of this sequence at space intervals was confirmed. These data show that the synergistic effects were produced only when @entity1500 was followed 8 or 24 h later by VCR. Other schedules were only additive or even antagonistic. Simultaneous exposure of VCR with @entity5699 , @entity9864 , or @entity1732 also had subadditive and protective effects. VCR, followed by @entity5699 with the interval of 24 h and vice versa, was again subadditive and protective. VCR, followed by @entity9864 with the interval of 24 h and vice versa, was again subadditive or additive only. Simultaneous and continuous exposures of VCR with @entity5713 or @entity4445 were only marginally supraadditive.

title: Effects of @entity1891 in combination with @entity1499 and other antitumor agents in XXXX @entity981 cells in culture.

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity5699 :: ('MESH:D003630', 'Chemical') :: ['daunorubicin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity9864 :: ('CHEBI:28680', 'Chemical') :: ['1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The use of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in predicting recovery after @entity64 still appears to be somehow equivocal. We assessed the prognostic value of MEPs with respect to arm and hand motor recovery in @entity64 @entity1 . METHODS: This cohort study included 43 consecutive @entity64 @entity1 with complete @entity912 of the upper extremity. MEPs of the @entity121 ( @entity121 ) and the biceps brachii muscle (BB) were obtained within 10 days after @entity64 onset. The upper limb subset of the Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment was used to evaluate the motor performance at regular intervals until 6 months after @entity64 . RESULTS: The follow-up was complete in 40 @entity1 (2 @entity1 died and 1 @entity1 had a recurrent @entity64 ); 14 @entity1 showed motor recovery of the arm and their mean 26-week arm motor score was 17.93 (range 3-30, SD 11.68); hand motor recovery occurred in 11 @entity1 and their mean 26-week hand motor score was 11.09 (range 4-14, SD 4.10). Stepwise logistic regression revealed prognostic models for both arm and hand motor recovery based on BB MEPs (odds ratio 7.69, confidence interval, CI, 1.16-50.95) and @entity121 MEPs (odds ratio 16.20, CI 2.51-104.40), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The predictive significance of MEPs with respect to motor recovery of the upper extremity was obvious in our homogeneous sample of @entity1 . This agrees with the paradigm that motor recovery after infarction is strongly dependent on a critical residual sparing of the corticospinal function. In this context, the test properties of MEPs in predicting motor recovery are discussed. The added value of MEPs with respect to motor recovery of the upper extremity should be regarded as established for @entity1 with initial @entity912 , especially since clinical examination alone lacks the possibility to detect the potential for motor recovery in these cases.

title: Motor evoked potentials in predicting recovery from @entity912 after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['ADM', 'abductor digiti minimi muscle']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['acute stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prognostic factors for @entity1 with soft-tissue @entity242 who are treated with conservative surgery and radiation are documented poorly. METHODS: The clinicopathologic features and disease outcome for 1225 @entity1 with @entity242 who were treated with conservative surgery and radiation were reviewed retrospectively. Actuarial univariate and multivariate statistical methods were used to determine significant prognostic factors for local control, metastatic recurrence, and disease specific survival. RESULTS: The median follow-up of surviving @entity1 was 9.5 years. The respective local control rates at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years were 83%, 80%, and 79%. Factors predictive of local recurrence were positive or uncertain resection margins; @entity5 located in the head and neck and the deep trunk; presentation with local recurrence; @entity1 age > 64 years; malignant @entity82 , @entity6011 . or @entity242 histopathology; @entity5 measuring > 10 cm in greatest dimension; and high pathologic grade. Freedom from @entity3 at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years was 71%, 68%, and 66%, respectively. Factors that were predictive of metastatic recurrence were high @entity5 grade; large @entity5 size (> 5 cm); and @entity1822 , @entity980 , @entity1352 , or @entity242 . The respective disease specific survival rates at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years were 73%, 68%, and 65%. Adverse factors for disease specific survival were high @entity5 grade; large @entity5 size (> 5 cm); @entity5 located in the head and neck and deep trunk; @entity980 , @entity242 , or clear cell @entity242 ; @entity1 age > 64 years; and positive or uncertain resection margins. CONCLUSIONS: Soft-tissue @entity242 comprises a heterogeneous group of diseases. Prognostic factors for local recurrence, metastatic recurrence, lymph node recurrence, disease free survival, and disease specific survival are different, and optimal treatment strategies need to take this complexity into account.

title: Prognostic factors for XXXX with localized soft-tissue @entity242 treated with conservation surgery and radiation therapy: an analysis of 1225 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous histiocytoma']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma', 'localized sarcoma', 'epithelioid sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1352 :: ('MESH:D013584', 'Disease') :: ['synovial sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity6011 :: ('MESH:D018319', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Effective antiretroviral (ARV) therapy depends on adequate drug exposure, yet methods to assess ARV exposure are limited. Concentrations of ARV in hair are the product of steady-state pharmacokinetics factors and longitudinal adherence. We investigated @entity5198 ( @entity16333 ) concentrations in hair as a predictor of treatment response in @entity1 receiving ARVs. In @entity1 of the @entity1 's Interagency @entity645 Study, who reported @entity16333 use for >1 month from 2003-2008, @entity16333 concentrations in hair were measured via liquid-chromatography-tandem mass-spectrometry. The outcome was virologic suppression (plasma @entity645 RNA below assay threshold) at the time of hair sampling and the primary predictor was @entity5198 concentration categorized into quartiles. We controlled for age, race/ethnicity, pre-treatment @entity645 RNA, CD4 cell count, and self-reported adherence over the 6-month visit interval (categorized  <= 74%, 75%-94% or >=  95%). We also assessed the relation of @entity16333 concentration with changes in hepatic transaminase levels via multivariate random intercept logistic regression and linear regression analyses. 271 @entity1 contributed 1089 @entity1 -visits to the analysis (median 3 of semi-annual visits). Viral suppression was least frequent in concentration quartile 1 (86/178 (48.3%)) and increased in higher quartiles (to 158/204 (77.5%) for quartile 4). The odds of viral suppression in the highest concentration quartile were 9.17 times (95% CI 3.2-26, P < 0.0001) those in the lowest. African-American race was associated with lower rates of virologic suppression independent of @entity16333 hair concentration. @entity16333 concentration was not significantly associated with patterns of serum transaminases. Concentration of @entity16333 in hair was a strong independent predictor of virologic suppression in @entity1 taking @entity16333 , stronger than self-reported adherence, but did not appear to be strongly predictive of hepatotoxicity.

title: XXXX Concentration in Hair Samples Is a Strong Predictor of Virologic Suppression in a Prospective Cohort of @entity645 -Infected @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women', 'person']

entities_list: @entity5198 :: ('MESH:D019829', 'Chemical') :: ['nevirapine']

answer: @entity5198 :: (MESH:D019829,Chemical) :: ['Nevirapine']