abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of @entity2194 after evaluation with the @entity2194 score at the Army Teaching Hospital in Yaound  , Cameroon. @entity1 AND METHODS: A descriptive and retrospective monocentric hospital study was carried out from January 2008  to December 2010. Our sample included all @entity1 with @entity2194 . Each traumatized eye was evaluated using the @entity2194 score after measurement of visual acuity. The most severe diagnoses observed were classified according to the Birmingham Eye @entity130 Terminology system. RESULTS: The frequency out of 364  eyes was 3.56%. There were 204  @entity1 (61.44%) with a male/female ratio of 1.59. The mean age was 32.95  years with predominance of 21-30  years. The most affected groups were laborers and craftsmen (28.61%), followed closely by students (23.80%), then armed forces personnel (19.58%). Fights were noted as the most common cause in 31.02% of cases. Punches predominated in 21.39% of cases. In 37.34% of cases, @entity1 were seen within 72hours of the @entity130 . Three hundred (90.36%) @entity130 were unilateral vs. 32 (9.64%) bilateral. The mean visual acuity at the first consultation was 0.3  logMAR. Grading after evaluation was as follows, 13  eyes were grade 1, 19  grade 2, 25  grade 3, 54  grade 4  and 253  grade 5. Fragile and exposed anatomical structures were the most commonly injured. Seventeen eyes exhibited elevated IOP (22  to 45) vs. 7  which were @entity2421 . Two hundred and one (55.22%) oculo-palpebral contusions were noted, followed by 110 (30.22%) lacerations. @entity227 was reported in 16.20% and @entity1939 in 8.79% of cases. CONCLUSION: In the emergent setting, a good, timely clinical evaluation of each case according to the @entity2194 score may lead to effective management.

title: [Ocular XXXX in an urban Cameroonian setting: A study of 332  cases evaluated according to the Ocular @entity130 Score].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular trauma']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['Visual loss']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonous']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumas', 'Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transfer of the coracoid (Bristow-Latarjet [B-L]) is used to stabilize anterior shoulder instability. We report the long-term results of our first 31 operations with this method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six @entity1 (mean age, 26.7  years) had a B-L repair from 1977 to 1979. Five @entity1 died, and during 2012 to 2013, the remaining 31 shoulders had a follow-up with questionnaire, physical examination, Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index, Subjective Shoulder Value, Subjective Assessment of Shoulder Function, subjective assessment of loss of motion, and radiologic imaging. RESULTS: One @entity1 required revision surgery because of recurrence and another because of repeat dislocation. Six @entity1 reported subluxations. Eighteen @entity1 (58%) were very satisfied, and 13 (42%) were satisfied. The mean Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index score (100 possible) was 85, and the median score was 93. According to Samilson-Prieto classification of @entity2720 of the shoulder, 39% were classified as normal, 27% as mild, 23% as moderate, and 11% as severe. The classification of @entity2720 varied with observers and radiologic views. Age younger than 22  years at the @entity3029 meant less @entity2720 at follow-up (P  =  .045). CONCLUSION: The degree of @entity2720 33 to 35  years after the B-L repair seems to follow the natural history of shoulder dislocation with respect to @entity528 . Postoperative restriction of external rotation does not increase later @entity2720 .

title: Risk of XXXX after the Bristow-Latarjet repair: a radiologic and clinical thirty-three to thirty-five years of follow-up of thirty-one shoulders.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['arthropathic joint degeneration']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['arthropathy']

entities_list: @entity3029 :: ('MESH:D004204', 'Disease') :: ['primary dislocation']

answer: @entity2720 :: (MESH:D007592,Disease) :: ['arthropathy']


abstract: CONTEXT: Inhaled @entity842 has shown evidence of efficacy in @entity19 models of @entity3458 ( @entity3458 ), case series of @entity1 with @entity5837 , and 2 small placebo-controlled trials for treatment of vaso-occlusive @entity158 crisis (VOC). OBJECTIVE: To determine whether inhaled @entity842 gas reduces the duration of @entity158 in @entity1 with @entity3458 who present to the emergency department or hospital for care. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Prospective, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial for up to 72 hours of inhaled @entity842 gas vs inhaled @entity1568 placebo in 150 @entity1 presenting with VOC of @entity3458 at 11 centers between October 5, 2004, and December 22, 2008. Intervention Inhaled @entity842 gas vs inhaled @entity1568 placebo. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary end point was the time to resolution of @entity158 , defined by (1) freedom from parenteral opioid use for 5 hours; (2) @entity158 relief as assessed by visual analog @entity158 scale scores of 6 cm or lower (on 0-10 scale); (3) ability to walk; and (4) @entity1 's and family's decision, with physician consensus, that the remaining @entity158 could be managed at home. RESULTS: There was no significant change in the primary end point between the @entity842 and placebo groups, with a median time to resolution of crisis of 73.0 hours (95% confidence interval [CI], 46.0-91.0) and 65.5 hours (95% CI, 48.1-84.0), respectively (P = .87). There were no significant differences in secondary outcome measures, including length of hospitalization, visual analog @entity158 scale scores, cumulative opioid usage, and rate of @entity5837 . Inhaled @entity842 was well tolerated, with no increase in serious adverse events. Increases in venous @entity3961 concentration confirmed adherence and randomization but did not exceed 5% in any study @entity1 . Significant increases in plasma @entity1507 occurred in the treatment group, but there were no observed increases in plasma or whole blood @entity3542 . CONCLUSION: Among @entity1 with @entity3458 hospitalized with VOC, the use of inhaled @entity842 compared with placebo did not improve time to crisis resolution. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00094887.

title: @entity842 for inhalation in the acute treatment of sickle cell XXXX crisis: a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'participant', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['SCD', 'sickle cell disease']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity5837 :: ('MESH:D056586', 'Disease') :: ['acute chest syndrome']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful crisis', 'pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine @entity989 and @entity8 in elderly @entity1 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) under intensive multifactorial @entity6 control. DESIGN: Six-year interventional observation study. SETTING: Multicenter study including four hospitals. @entity1 : Four hundred thirteen elderly (> or = 65) @entity1 with type 2 @entity6 attending each hospital for 1 year or longer; those receiving hemodialysis or with uncured @entity5 were excluded. MEASUREMENTS: Development, worsening, and improvement of @entity989 and @entity8 and respective risk factors. RESULTS: The mean baseline hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure (BP), and total @entity165 were 6.8%, 137/74 mmHg, and 5.13 mmol/L, respectively. @entity989 developed in 45 of 168 (27%) @entity1 and, of 63 with @entity989 , worsened and improved in 11 (17%) and 23 (37%), respectively. @entity8 developed in 53 of 227 (23%) @entity1 and improved in 13 of 51 (25%) having it baseline. The mean change in glomerular filtration rate (DeltaGFR, baseline GFR-GFR at the end of the study period) in those with @entity8 at baseline was 21.5 mL/min. HbA1c was related to development of @entity989 (P=.001, odds ratio (OR)=1.91), and serum @entity1011 (P=.03, OR=1.02), systolic BP (SBP) (P=.03, OR=1.22), and prior @entity64 (P=.005, OR=3.21) were related to development of @entity8 . In @entity1 with @entity8 at baseline, SBP (P=.03, Spearman's rho (rho)=0.310), total @entity165 (P=.01, rho=0.361), and low-density lipoprotein @entity165 (P=.03, rho=0.322) were correlated with DeltaGFR. CONCLUSION: In elderly @entity1 under intensive control for @entity6 , the outcome of @entity455 is favorable. Modifiable risk factors were @entity4854 for development of @entity989 and @entity101 and @entity1007 for development or worsening of @entity8 ; prior @entity64 was an unmodifiable risk factor for development of @entity8 .

title: Development, worsening, and improvement of diabetic microangiopathy in older XXXX : six-year prospective study of @entity1 under intensive @entity6 control.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy', 'Nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['Retinopathy', 'retinopathy', 'nonproliferative retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The combination of @entity1311 and @entity902 compounds is considered the best first-line regimen for advanced @entity43 . The purpose of this study was to evaluate a @entity1311 and @entity3003 combination in pretreated @entity1 who recurred within 24 months after a complete clinical response with the same regimen used as first-line chemotherapy. METHODS: 18 @entity1 were included in this study. Second-line chemotherapy consisted of @entity1311 , 175 mg/m2 as a 3-hour infusion, and @entity3003 AUC 6 every 21 days. RESULTS: Among 15 evaluable @entity1 , eight (53%) complete and five (34%) partial responses were observed, while two (13%) @entity1 had @entity66 ( @entity66 ). The response rate was 67% among @entity1 with measurable disease and 52% for evaluable disease. The median progression-free interval after second-line chemotherapy was 8.3 months. The median progression-free interval for @entity1 with measurable disease was 8.6 months and for evaluable disease it was 7.9 months. Seven (46%) of 15 @entity1 have developed recurrence after second-line chemotherapy with @entity1311 and @entity3003 with a median time to recurrence of 9.8 months. CONCLUSION: @entity1311 175 mg/m2 and @entity3003 AUC 6 as second-line chemotherapy in this sensitive population is effective in terms of response rate and progression-free interval.

title: Second-line with @entity1311 and @entity3003 for @entity66 following first @entity1311 and XXXX compounds in @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['stable disease', 'SD']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel', 'Paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity902 :: (MESH:D010984,Chemical) :: ['platinum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intracardiac electrograms are an indispensable part during diagnosis of @entity943 , but atrial activity (AA) can be obscured by @entity67 ( @entity67 ). Concepts based on statistical independence like principal component analysis (PCA) cannot be applied for @entity67 removal during @entity591 with stable conduction. METHODS: A database of realistic electrograms containing AA and @entity67 was generated. Both PCA and the new technique periodic component analysis (  CA) were implemented, benchmarked, and applied to clinical data. RESULTS: The concept of   CA was successfully verified to retain compromised AA morphology, showing high correlation (cc=0.98  0.01) for stable atrial cycle length (ACL). Performance of PCA failed during temporal coupling (cc=0.03  0.08) but improved for increasing conduction variability (cc=0.77  0.14). Stability of ACL was identified as a critical parameter for   CA application. Analysis of clinical data confirmed these findings. CONCLUSION:   CA is introduced as a powerful new technique for artifact removal in periodic signals. Its concept and performance were benchmarked against PCA using simulated data and demonstrated on measured electrograms.

title: Removing ventricular far-field signals in intracardiac electrograms during stable XXXX using the periodic component analysis.

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['atrial tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular far-fields', 'VFF']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity591 :: (MESH:D013610,Disease) :: ['atrial tachycardia']


abstract: BenM and CatM are distinct, but similar, LysR-type transcriptional regulators of the soil bacterium @entity22760 . Together, the two regulators control the expression of at least 14 genes involved in the degradation of aromatic compounds via the @entity6153 branch of the beta-ketoadipate pathway. In these studies, BenM and CatM were each purified to homogeneity to test the possibility that they regulate the expression of two additional genes, benP and benK, that are adjacent to benM on the chromosome. Each regulator bound to a DNA fragment containing the benP promoter region. Additional transcriptional studies suggested that benP and benK are co-transcribed as an operon, and a site of transcription initiation was identified. Alignment of this initiation site with those of several CatM- and BenM-regulated genes revealed common regulatory motifs. Mutants lacking both CatM and BenM failed to activate benP transcription. The ability of each protein to regulate gene expression was inferred from strains lacking either CatM or BenM that were still capable of increasing benP expression in response to @entity22761 . This compound has previously been shown to induce all enzymes of the @entity6153 branch of the beta-ketoadipate pathway through a complex transcriptional circuit involving CatM and BenM. Thus, the regulated expression of the benPK operon in concert with other genes of the regulon is consistent with the model that BenP, a putative outer-membrane porin, and BenK, an inner-membrane permease, transport aromatic compounds in strain @entity22760 .

title: The benPK operon, proposed to play a role in transport, is part of a regulon for benzoate catabolism in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity22760 :: ('62977', 'Species') :: ['Acinetobacter sp. strain ADP1', 'ADP1']

entities_list: @entity22761 :: ('MESH:C005939', 'Chemical') :: ['cis,cis-muconate']

entities_list: @entity6153 :: ('MESH:C034221', 'Chemical') :: ['catechol']

answer: @entity22760 :: (62977,Species) :: ['Acinetobacter sp. strain ADP1']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Prosthetic teeth size and placement must be in perfect harmony with the bucco-facial structures for a successful and esthetic removable prosthesis. This study aimed to determine among young Senegalese black @entity1 facial index estimating maxillary central incisor width and distance between @entity235 points starting from bizygomatic width. @entity1 AND METHODS: 621 black Senegalese participated to this transversal study. Measurements were made using anthropometric slide caliper and electronic slide caliper. The comparative analysis was carried out by the test t of Student. The correlative analysis used the chi-square test. The risk of error was fixed at 5%. RESULTS: Positive correlations were found between variables. Distance between @entity235 points was significantly (p = 0.000) correlated to bizygomatic width and central incisor width. Using bizygomatic width, the average dividing factors to estimate central incisor width and distance between @entity235 points were respectively 15.13 and 3.75. CONCLUSION: Distance between @entity235 points and central incisor width can be given starting from bizygomatic width, as guide of selecting maxillary anterior prosthetic teeth width.

title: [Relationship between bizygomatic width and the size of maxillary anterior teeth among young Senegalese black XXXX recruited in army].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'people']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mechanisms regulating @entity3206 ( @entity3206 ) are not well understood, although poor nutritional status and "intense" breastfeeding behaviors are associated with longer durations. OBJECTIVES: This study was designed primarily to investigate the hypothesis that higher body fat and @entity1243 concentrations are related to shorter @entity3206 in healthy, lactating US @entity1 . Nutrient intake, breastfeeding behaviors, prolactin, and insulin levels were also evaluated. METHODS: Fasting serum was collected during the third trimester of pregnancy, at 2 and 4 weeks postpartum, and every 4 weeks until the occurrence of the first postpartum menses. Body composition and breastfeeding behaviors were assessed at the same times postpartum. @entity1 (n = 13) were categorized based on initial percentage body fat and timing of first postpartum menses. RESULTS: There were no consistent relationships between body composition, @entity1243 , or breastfeeding behaviors and duration of @entity3206 . However, there was an interaction (P = .005) between ovulation group and time on adiposity; earlier ovulating @entity1 had less percentage body fat in early lactation than did later ovulating @entity1 . There was also an interaction (P = .1) between ovulation group and time postpartum on @entity1243 , such that @entity1243 concentrations tended to be greater in later than earlier ovulating groups beginning at 12 weeks postpartum. CONCLUSION: In summary, although baseline percentage body fat and @entity1243 were not related to duration of @entity3206 , fertility returned earlier in @entity1 who lost greater percentage body fat during the early postpartum period.

title: Loss of Body Fat and Associated Decrease in XXXX in Early Lactation Are Related to Shorter Duration of Postpartum Anovulation in Healthy US @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity3206 :: ('MESH:D000858', 'Disease') :: ['PPA', 'postpartum anovulation']

answer: @entity1243 :: (3952,Gene) :: ['Leptin']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: No previous research has examined the psychosocial adjustment of chronic @entity2724 @entity1 following efficacious pharmacotherapy. In contrast, considerable research has examined the process of psychosocial adjustment following surgical relief of chronic @entity302 . This process can manifest as a clinical syndrome, the 'burden of normality', comprising psychological, behavioural, affective and sociological features. The aim of the present study was to characterise the process of psychosocial adjustment of @entity1 with successfully treated @entity2724 and to explore the applicability of the burden of normality. @entity1 AND METHODS: Thirty-three @entity2724 @entity1 and 31 @entity302 surgery @entity1 were recruited through routine outpatient follow-up at the Austin Hospital in Melbourne. All @entity1 underwent in-depth, qualitative psychosocial assessment using a well-validated semi-structured interview, the Austin CEP Interview. They were also administered quantitative measures of @entity148 (State Trait Anxiety Inventory) and depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II). RESULTS: @entity2724 @entity1 spontaneously reported similar themes of post-treatment adjustment to successfully treated @entity302 @entity1 , including symptoms of the burden of normality. Chi-squared analyses revealed that the two groups differed only on disease-specific factors, reflecting the later diagnosis and treatment of @entity2724 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results support a general model of adjustment following successful treatment of chronic @entity16 , as the @entity1 discards perceptions of illness and behaviours associated with being 'sick' and learns to become 'well'. Recognition of the burden of normality has important clinical implications for maximising the post-treatment care and outcome of @entity2724 @entity1 .

title: Psychosocial adjustment following relief of chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological illness']

entities_list: @entity2724 :: ('MESH:D009290', 'Disease') :: ['narcolepsy', 'Narcolepsy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity2724 :: (MESH:D009290,Disease) :: ['narcolepsy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: This study investigated in a community sample associations of 2 different measures of unawareness of @entity2414 in @entity303 with @entity73 and behavioral and psychological symptoms of @entity303 . METHOD: Design-cross-sectional, population-based survey. Settings-community samples (n = 15 022) from 3 world regions (Latin America, China, and India). @entity1 -829 @entity1 with @entity303 identified from standardized interviews and diagnostic algorithms. Measurements-unawareness of @entity2414 was measured in 2 ways: comparison of @entity1 subjective report with either objective performance on memory tests or informant report (IR). Associations were investigated using prevalence ratios and Poisson regressions. Differences in frequency of unawareness were explored with McNemar tests for each region and agreement between variables calculated with Cohen k. RESULTS: The unawareness variable based on comparison with performance was associated with @entity73 , such as fluency (in China) and @entity73 (Latin America and India), and behavioral symptoms, such as @entity162 (Latin America) and @entity1833 (China). The unawareness variable based on IR was associated only with behavioral symptoms, such as @entity148 and @entity162 (Latin America). Frequency of unawareness was significantly higher in the unawareness variable based on performance in India. Agreement between the 2 unawareness variables was moderate in Latin America and China but only slight in India. CONCLUSION: Different ways of measuring unawareness are differentially associated with influencing factors. Informant-based unawareness measures may be more subjective and less sensitive than variables taking into account actual performance on cognitive tests.

title: Neuropsychological and Behavioral Disturbance Correlates of Unawareness of @entity2414 in XXXX : A Population-Based Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participant', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['visuospatial impairments', 'cognitive variables']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety (in China and India) and hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory deficits', 'memory impairment']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['Dementia']


abstract: @entity2916 complex is an @entity74 characterized by @entity851 in various organs. @entity1 who have this disorder exhibit a high rate of @entity302 and @entity73 . We investigated number of tubers, location, @entity410 types, and cognitive outcome, and we analyzed the relationships among them in our @entity2916 @entity1 in the @entity302 Program at the University of Alberta. We also examined the @entity410 outcome after tuber resection. Our study cohort included 24 @entity1 with @entity2916 complex. We obtained @entity410 history, electroencephalogram, and neuropsychologic parameters. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine tuber numbers and locations. Ten @entity1 underwent surgical removal of tubers responsible for intractable @entity302 . A negative correlation was found between the number of tubers and intelligent quotient score. @entity302 surgery led to freedom from @entity410 in this @entity1 group. We demonstrated that the total number and location of cortical tubers play a significant role in the extent of @entity1032 in @entity1 with @entity2916 complex. In addition, @entity1 with intractable @entity410 and well-defined @entity302 focus had excellent surgical outcome.

title: Cortical tubers, cognition, and XXXX in @entity2916 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['hamartomatous growth']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive problems']

entities_list: @entity2916 :: ('MESH:D014402', 'Disease') :: ['tuberous sclerosis', 'Tuberous sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy', 'Comprehensive Epilepsy', 'Epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal-dominant genetic disorder']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity12067 are key regulators of development, growth and reproduction in fish. In the present study we have cloned and characterized the cDNA and genomic sequences of @entity442 and @entity5100 in the white seabream (Diplodus sargus). The @entity442 and @entity5100 genes were encoded putatively by five and four exons, respectively. Moreover, the 5'-flanking upstream region of the @entity442 gene contained highly conserved regulatory elements including @entity5448 , @entity10354 , @entity6863 ( @entity6863 ) and the TATA box. The full-length cDNAs were 1225 and 1666 nucleotides long for @entity442 and @entity5100 , respectively. Sequence analysis identified the A-E domains as well as three spliced forms involving the E domain in exons 3-5. ORF identities were higher than 83% with respect to other fish orthologs. Expression analysis demonstrated that @entity442 and its spliced forms were mostly expressed in liver, whereas the @entity5100 was expressed ubiquitously not detecting significant differences among the ten tissues analyzed. Hormonal treatments using the porcine GH demonstrated a sharply increase of both @entity442 and @entity5100 mRNA levels in liver and gills at 30min and 1h after injection. In the gonads, @entity442 mRNA levels increased steadily with testis and ovary maturation. In contrast, @entity5100 transcript amounts were higher in immature stages (S1-S2). Hormonal treatments using GH and @entity1176 demonstrated that @entity442 and @entity5100 expression were upregulated in the gonads. Overall, these data demonstrate that @entity442 and @entity5100 are locally expressed in several tissues and regulated by key hormones of the somatotropic and gonadotropic axes.

title: Molecular characterization and transcriptional regulation by GH and XXXX of insulin-like growth factors I and II in white seabream (Diplodus sargus).

entities_list: @entity12067 :: ('3479;3481', 'Gene') :: ['Insulin-like growth factors (IGF) I and II']

entities_list: @entity6863 :: ('1050', 'Gene') :: ['C/EBP', 'CCAAT/enhancer binding protein']

answer: @entity1176 :: (MESH:D007987,Chemical) :: ['GnRH']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity560 , best known to regulate bone mineralization, has numerous additional roles including regulation inflammatory pathways. Recently, an increased incidence of @entity14951 ( @entity14282 ) deficiency has been found in subjects suffering from @entity409 . We here investigated if low @entity560 levels might be associated with prognosis, @entity32 and @entity166 in @entity1 with @entity82 . METHODS: We performed a prospective cohort study investigating the relation between @entity14282 levels and stages of @entity82 , mortality and complications of @entity82 , including infections. RESULTS: 251 @entity1 with @entity82 were enrolled into the present prospective cohort study. @entity14282 levels were quantified by radioimmunoassay from serum samples obtained at study inclusion. The mean follow-up time was 411    397 days with a range of 1-1382 days. 30 (12.0%) @entity1 underwent liver transplantation and 85 (33.8%) individuals died within the study. The mean serum @entity14282 concentration was 8.93    7.1 ng/ml with a range of 1.0 to 46.0 ng/ml. @entity14282 levels differed significantly between @entity1 Pugh scores and showed a negative correlation with the @entity3851 ( @entity3851 ) score. @entity1 with decompensated @entity82 and @entity166 , had significantly lower @entity14282 levels compared to subjects without complications. Low @entity14282 was associated with mortality in uni- as well as multivariate Cox regression models. CONCLUSIONS: @entity14282 deficiency is associated with advanced @entity409 and low @entity14282 levels are an indicator for a poor outcome and are associated with @entity166 .

title: Low 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels Are Associated with Infections and Mortality in XXXX with @entity82 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver diseases', 'liver disease']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['MELD', 'model of end stage liver disease']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious complications']

entities_list: @entity14951 :: ('MESH:D002112', 'Chemical') :: ['25-hydroxyvitamin D3']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D', 'Vitamin D']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Panax Notoginseng @entity3857 (PNS) on tendon healing in bone tunnel. METHODS: The experiment was performed in the animal laboratory, Wangjing hospital from April to August, 2010. All the experiment procedures were accorded with the animal ethical requirements. Twenty @entity95 were randomly divided into blank control group and PNS group with 10 animals in each group. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with toe extensor tendon was done in knee joints of @entity95 by suspend fixation model. PNS was injected in bone tunnel of @entity95 in PNS group, and nothing was given to blank group. Specimens were collected at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. Sections were stained with HE stain to observe the changes of interface tissue between bone tunnel and tendon graft. Interface types were classified according to Yamakado method. RESULTS: At 4 weeks after surgery, the interface was filled with connective tissue in both group, while at 8 weeks, there was not obvious gap between bone and tendon graft in both groups under macrography. Under microscope, there were more fibroblast in the PNS group. There was larger new bone formation area in PNS group. The classification on the Yamakado type was significantly different between two group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: PNS can enhance @entity79 in bone tunnel, and promote the connection between tendon and bone. The study lacks quantitative analysis of those criteria, and the mechanics of the promotion of @entity79 has not been totally clear.

title: [Effect of Panax Notoginseng XXXX on autograft tendon healing in bone tunnel: interface histological characteristics].

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['tendon-bone healing']

entities_list: @entity3857 :: ('MESH:D012503', 'Chemical') :: ['Saponins']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'New Zealand rabbits']

answer: @entity3857 :: (MESH:D012503,Chemical) :: ['Saponins']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) can generate heat by burning @entity1718 , a process mediated by @entity1629 ( @entity1629 ). @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) depots can gain BAT-like properties, and various studies have suggested that females have more active BAT or BAT-like @entity1386 . We studied sex differences in BAT-like properties of @entity1 perirenal adipose tissue. METHODS: Perirenal and subcutaneous adipose tissue was obtained from 20 male and 24 female healthy live kidney donors. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), adipocyte precursor cells, were isolated from these depots to study whether intrinsic factors control BAT-like properties of the adipose tissue depots. RESULTS: When average outside temperature a week before harvesting was below 11  C, brown-like adipocytes expressing @entity1629 were present in perirenal adipose tissue of @entity1 , but not of @entity1 . MSCs derived from perirenal adipose tissue expressed significantly more @entity1629 when from female origin compared to male origin (P   =   0.009). However, @entity1629 protein content and @entity26 consumption rate did not differ between adipocytes derived from male and female perirenal MSCs. CONCLUSIONS: Female perirenal adipose tissue has a higher potency to gain BAT-like properties than male perirenal adipose tissue. The degree of gaining BAT-like properties depends on sex-specific intrinsic factors and environmental triggers such as temperature.

title: @entity1 have more potential to induce browning of perirenal adipose tissue than XXXX .

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1629 :: ('7350', 'Gene') :: ['UCP1', 'uncoupling protein 1']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['White adipose tissue', 'WAT']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: There is increasing evidence that circulating levels of soluble @entity5823 (sCD30) may represent a biomarker for outcome in kidney transplantation. The aim of this study was to measure the pre- and posttransplantation serum levels of sCD30 in cadaveric kidney transplant recipients and correlate them with serum @entity1011 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Serum sCD30 was measured by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from prospective samples of 38 kidney allograft recipients serially transplanted at our center. Samples were collected at day 0 pretransplantation and at months 6, 12, 18, and 24 posttransplantation. We also studied sera from 29 @entity1 with @entity740 ( @entity740 ) at different stages of the K/DOQI guidelines, as a control group. RESULTS: Serum levels of sCD30 decreased significantly in samples posttransplantation compared with pretransplantation. The significant decrease after transplantation may be related to the improvement in renal function since we observed a significant correlation between serum levels of sCD30 and @entity1011 (sCr) at all times of the study. In addition, the @entity1 with @entity177 showed a significant association between serum sCD30 and sCr (r = .454; P = .013). CONCLUSIONS: Our results did not suggest that the measurement of sCD30 may be used as a valuable biomarker in renal transplantation. Increased levels may be related to a decrease in its renal elimination.

title: Association between serum soluble @entity5823 and serum XXXX before and after renal transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1011 :: (MESH:D003404,Chemical) :: ['creatinine']


abstract: @entity17090 is a ligand and chemotactic factor for @entity404 + T cells. @entity17090 inhibits the CD3 mediated lymphocyte activation and proliferation. The effects of @entity17090 on the target cells are dependent on the cell type, the presence of co-activators etc. To understand the regulation function and mechanism of @entity17090 on target cells, we used a 130 a.a. recombinant @entity17090 to study its effects on the growth of @entity1619 cells in vitro. We found that the @entity66314 stimulated the proliferation of Jurkat cells at low dose (10(-9)M), but inhibited the growth of the cells at higher concentration (10(-5)M). Results showed that 10(-5) M of @entity66314 treatment induced an enhanced apoptosis in Jurkat cells. The treatment blocked the expression of @entity12 , but up-regulated the @entity517 and @entity5353 expression in the cells. Pre-treatment of @entity6164 inhibitor or @entity12363 inhibitor markedly increased or decreased the @entity66314 induced growth-inhibiting effects on Jurkat cells, respectively. The results suggested that the @entity66314 might be a regulator for the growth or apoptosis of Jurkat cells at a dose-dependent manner. The growth-inhibiting effects of @entity66314 might be Fas/ @entity12 independent, but, associated with the activation of @entity6164 , up-regulated expression of @entity517 and @entity5353 , and the participation of the ERK signal pathway in Jurkat cells.

title: The associated regulators and signal pathway in @entity66314 / XXXX mediated growth regulation in Jurkat cells.

entities_list: @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['Jurkat T leukemia']

answer: @entity404 :: (920,Gene) :: ['CD4']


abstract: @entity17084 is a drug with established uricosuric and @entity551 properties. We have examined its potential role as a single treatment for hyperuricaemia and @entity101 , 2 disorders which are commonly associated. In 17 subjects with @entity210 , blood @entity414 levels were reduced by approximately 50%. Eleven of these @entity1 also had @entity101 which was improved by @entity17084 . However, a statistically significant effect was observed only with standing diastolic blood pressure. Side effects included acute episodes of @entity210 in 4 @entity1 and transient @entity158 and @entity3833 in 1 @entity1 . The precipitation of @entity3811 is an acknowledged risk of all potent hypouricaemic drugs. The hazard of urate deposition in the renal tract implicit in the history of @entity158 is a more serious complication. Thus, it would appear that @entity17084 is a potentially valuable drug which may have a special role in @entity1 with hyperuricaemia and @entity101 . Further study is necessary to determine how it may be best administered without the risk of @entity8 .

title: @entity17084 : a single treatment for hyperuricaemia and XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal damage']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3811 :: ('MESH:D015210', 'Disease') :: ['gouty arthritis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['loin pain']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

entities_list: @entity17084 :: ('MESH:D013989', 'Chemical') :: ['Tienilic acid', 'tienilic acid']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity981 who have poor prognostic features at diagnosis usually have a short disease-free survival in spite of successful remission induction. Those poor risk features are: age over 30 years, a white blood cell count over 25,000/microliter, certain translocations of chromosomes, and requirement for more than six weeks of induction chemotherapy to attain a complete remission. We have used high-dose radiochemotherapy to prepare 39 @entity1 with @entity981 in first complete remission (1 @entity1 and 38 adults; median age 23 years) for bone marrow transplantation from histocompatible sibling donors. Thirty-one of the 39 @entity1 in this study had one (n = 23) or more (n = 8) poor risk features: age (n = 7); high white blood cell count (n = 19); translocations (n = 4), or resistance to initial induction therapy (n = 11). Currently, 26 @entity1 are surviving for 4-72 months (median 18 months) following marrow grafting and are in complete remission. One of the surviving @entity1 had two marrow transplant procedures because of recurrent @entity1778 . Actuarial survival in complete remission is 63% for the entire group of 39 @entity1 and is 60% if the eight @entity1 who had no poor risk features are excluded from analysis. The following causes for failure were observed: leukemic relapse was encountered in four @entity1 between 3 and 17 months after BMT for an actuarial relapse rate of 16%; @entity2348 was the cause of @entity204 in two @entity1 ; @entity2132 and/or @entity401 led to the demise of seven @entity1 , and one @entity1 died with @entity62 . It appears that high-dose radiochemotherapy followed by bone marrow transplantation from a histocompatible sibling donor during first complete remission can result in a high disease-free survival rate for younger adults with poor-risk @entity981 . This concept needs to be tested in prospective trials comparing bone marrow transplantation with chemotherapy.

title: Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for XXXX during first complete remission.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial sepsis']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['leukoencephalopathy']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']


abstract: Circulating biomarkers are important surrogates for monitoring disease activity in type I @entity1120 (GD1). We and others have reported low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in GD1. We assessed HDL @entity165 as a biomarker of GD1, with respect to its correlation with indicators of disease severity and its response to imiglucerase enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). In 278 consecutively evaluated GD1 @entity1 , we correlated HDL @entity165 , chitotriosidase, and @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) with indicators of disease severity. Additionally, we measured the response of these biomarkers to ERT. HDL @entity165 was negatively correlated with spleen volume, liver volume, and GD severity score index; the magnitude of this association of disease severity with HDL @entity165 was similar to that for @entity1289 and for chitotriosidase. Within individual @entity1 monitored over many years, there was a strikingly strong correlation of HDL with liver and spleen volumes; there was a similarly strong correlation of chitotriosidase and @entity1289 with disease severity in individual @entity1 monitored serially over many years (chitotriosidase r = 0.96 to 0.98, @entity1289 r = 0.88 to 0.94, and HDL r =   -0.84 to -0.94, p < 0.001). ERT for 3 years resulted in a striking increase of HDL while serum levels of chitotriosidase and @entity1289 decreased. Our results reveal markedly low HDL @entity165 in untreated GD1, a correlation with indicators of disease severity in GD1, and a rise towards normal after ERT. These findings suggest HDL @entity165 merits inclusion within the "biomarker basket" for monitoring of @entity1 with GD1.

title: Evaluation of high density lipoprotein as a circulating biomarker of XXXX activity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['ACE', 'angiotensin-converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity1120 :: ('MESH:D005776', 'Disease') :: ['Gaucher disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1120 :: (MESH:D005776,Disease) :: ['Gaucher disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical effect of graciloplasty using two different gracilis encircled loops for the treatment of @entity1241 after anoplasty for imperforate anus. METHODS: From January 2009 to January 2012, 38 @entity1 were treated by graciloplasty. The @entity1 were randomly divided into two groups, one group consisting of 18 cases underwent the "y-loop" and the other group consisting of 20 cases underwent the "  -loop." All @entity1 underwent postoperative defecation training and regular follow-up. All @entity1 were evaluated via Wexner score and anal manometry (including anal resting pressure, anal maximal squeeze pressure, duration of anal squeeze, and rectal maximum tolerable volume) before and after graciloplasty. In addition, it was assessed whether the @entity1 had difficulty defecating while squatting after surgery. RESULTS: The surgeries on the 38 @entity1 were accomplished successfully. There were no differences in postoperative complications between the two groups (P   >   0.05). The Wexner score and anal manometry parameters of the two groups were gradually improved after operation. The generalized estimating equation results of the Wexner score indicated that the difference of measurement time was statistically significant (P   <   0.05) but the difference of measurement group was not statistically significant (P   >   0.05). The results of anal manometry parameters using repeated measures ANOVA indicated that differences between different time points were statistically significant (all P   <   0.05) but differences between different surgery groups were not statistically significant (all P   >   0.05). Regarding the postoperative defecating @entity4764 while squatting, the probability of occurrence in the "y-loop" group was significantly higher than that in the "  -loop" group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Graciloplasty with different gracilis loops can improve anal function in @entity1 . However, "  -loop" can significantly improve @entity4764 in defecating while squatting.

title: Two different gracilis loops in graciloplasty of XXXX : comparison of the therapeutic effects.

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['fecal incontinence']

entities_list: @entity4764 :: ('MESH:D051346', 'Disease') :: ['difficulties']

answer: @entity1241 :: (MESH:D005242,Disease) :: ['congenital fecal incontinence']


abstract: @entity6 causes @entity231 and certain physical changes in the lens. The @entity6 lens is larger than the non- @entity6 and shows greater light scatter and fluorescence. Both hyperglycaemia and lowering of blood @entity413 case refractive changes and @entity3467 is the most common. @entity1624 ' juvenile @entity231 associated with hyperglycaemia is now rare. It has an osmotic mechanism. @entity6 is a risk factor for @entity231 in adults which is duration dependent, more frequent in @entity1 and leads to earlier surgery. It resembles @entity6 . Extracapsular @entity231 extraction is the method of choice for @entity6 with a better visual result and less risk of @entity2296 . A posterior chamber implant may still permit @entity2479 if necessary. @entity6 is still the leading cause of @entity1939 in the working age group. The beneficial effect of photocoagulation has been shown by randomized controlled trials to be long-lasting for both @entity989 and @entity1020 . Therefore there is a need for screening, especially for those with @entity66 which may be present without symptoms. A knowledge of risk factors will enhance detection rate with duration as the strongest determinant for @entity989 . Any screening modality should be highly sensitive as well as specific. The role of different professionals as potential screeners should be considered. Adequate provisions include facilities for checking vision and for dimming ambient lighting. @entity5564 and a good ophthalmoscope light will increase detection rate. The use of a 45 degrees non-mydriatic camera is unlikely to supplant the use of an ophthalmoscope as a single field is likely to miss important lesions. A 60 degrees camera may confer a large enough field and the use of transparencies will provide magnification when films are projected but the camera is more difficult to use. A list of features chosen by a recent study to characterize sight-threatening @entity989 is included and their presence indicates the need for referral to an ophthalmic clinic for treatment or close observation.

title: @entity231 and @entity989 : screening for treatable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['proliferative disease']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetic cataract', 'non-diabetic senile cataract', 'diabetic', 'Diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal photocoagulation']

entities_list: @entity3467 :: ('MESH:D006956', 'Disease') :: ['hypermetropia']

entities_list: @entity2296 :: ('MESH:C538115', 'Disease') :: ['rubeosis iridis']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy', 'proliferative retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity5564 :: ('MESH:D015878', 'Disease') :: ['Mydriasis']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['maculopathy']

entities_list: @entity1624 :: ('MESH:D005693', 'Disease') :: ["Classical 'snow-flake"]

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['retinopathy']


abstract: A group of 554 @entity1 was studied to determine and compare the complications of combined preoperative radiation therapy with surgery and combined surgery with postoperative radiation therapy when used for treatment of @entity189 and inferior hypopharynx. The complications recorded were @entity281 , slough, carotid blowout, glottic insufficiency, pharyngeal stricture, @entity204 , @entity12391 , @entity292 , and margins of resection involved with @entity5 . The highest complication rates were in the partial laryngopharyngectomy-postoperative radiation group (63.6%) and in the supraglottic laryngectomy-postoperative radiation group (52.9%). Most of the increase in total complication rate was attributable to higher rates of glottic insufficiency and margins involved with @entity5 categories. The lowest complication rates were in the hemilaryngectomy with no radiation group (4.5%) and the total laryngectomy-postoperative radiation group (12.8%). The complication rate for the supraglottic laryngectomy-postoperative radiation group (52.9%) was significantly higher than for the preoperative radiation-supraglottic laryngectomy group (26.4%). Within the partial laryngopharyngectomy group, there was no significant difference in total complication rate between the use of preoperative (47.2%) or postoperative radiation (63.6%). Within the total laryngectomy group there was no significant difference between complication rates when either preoperative or postoperative radiation was employed. There was no significant difference in the rate of carotid blowout, @entity12391 , @entity204 , slough, or @entity292 , between preoperative or postoperative radiation in any of the surgical groups. In general, @entity1 with conservation surgery seem to tolerate postoperative radiation without a prohibitive increase in complications.

title: Complications of combined radiation therapy and surgery for XXXX and inferior hypopharynx.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the larynx']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['operative death']

entities_list: @entity12391 :: ('MESH:D013991', 'Disease') :: ['chondritis']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the larynx']


abstract: OBJECT: A new dorsolateral decompressive procedure involving a unilateral approach has been devised for the treatment of cervical @entity1745 . In this operation, the posterior spinal elements of the contralateral side are not disturbed, and thus, @entity86 of the cervical spine can be avoided. Following decompressive surgery via the unilateral approach, the cervical spine was kept more stable compared with the results obtained after wide laminectomy or other expansive laminoplasty procedures. METHODS: Twenty-six @entity1 underwent dorsolateral decompressive surgery, and the @entity1 ' clinical and radiological results were examined during the follow-up period to evaluate neurological function and @entity86 of the cervical spine. The underlying conditions for @entity602 were @entity4720 (19 @entity1 ), @entity3057 (three @entity1 ), and ossification of yellow ligament (four @entity1 ). The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 110 months (average 35.5 months). Functional recovery, which was rated by using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association scoring system, was an average of 56% in all @entity1 (100% being equal to full recovery). The recovery rate was compatible with those attained after other expansive laminoplasty procedures. Radiographically, progression to swan-neck or @entity85 was not observed in any @entity1 . No postoperative spinal instability was noted. Based on computerized tomography myelograph evaluation, the average transectional area of the dural tube at the C4-5 level was expanded from 122 mm2 to 169 mm2, and the transectional area of the spinal cord at the C4-5 level was expanded from 39.6 mm2 to 52.9 mm2 after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The authors conclude that this operative procedure could be used as a new option for the treatment of cervical @entity1745 .

title: Treatment of cervical XXXX with a new dorsolateral decompressive procedure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity1745 :: ('MESH:D013117', 'Disease') :: ['compressive myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative deformities', 'postoperative deformity']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['kyphotic deformity']

entities_list: @entity4720 :: ('MESH:D055009', 'Disease') :: ['cervical spondylosis']

entities_list: @entity3057 :: ('MESH:D017887', 'Disease') :: ['ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament']

answer: @entity1745 :: (MESH:D013117,Disease) :: ['compressive myelopathy']


abstract: Three @entity1 with @entity1368 were treated surgically between February and September 1984. All @entity1 had suffered from @entity101 with U waves in ECG and laboratory examinations revealed @entity1371 , hyperaldosteronemia and suppressed plasma @entity916 activity. The localization of the @entity5 was diagnosed accurately in all 3 @entity1 by adrenal vein sampling and in 2 of the @entity1 by PRP, CT scan, adrenal scanning with 131I-iodo @entity165 and adrenal venography. @entity5 were surgically removed by unilateral adrenalectomy through the flank approach in all cases. Histological examinations of removed specimens showed @entity822 . Removal of the @entity652 caused a prompt reversal of the laboratory serum abnormalities and @entity101 was normalized within 2 weeks postoperatively in all cases. Severe @entity1165 ( @entity1166 ) was observed suddenly in one of the @entity1 after about 5 hours postoperatively. Therapy including conventional antiarrhythmic drugs, such as @entity3303 or @entity1818 , and @entity972 administration failed to prevent the @entity943 . @entity1165 was successfully treated and disappeared with the use of @entity2399 ( @entity2400 ) intravenously. The serum @entity972 concentration was normal during the episode and the serum @entity1760 concentration, which was not detected before or just after the operation, was under the limit of normal range (1.4 mEq/l) after the use of @entity2399 . @entity1272 which is retrospectively thought to be the result of @entity1368 may be responsible for the episode of postoperative @entity1165 .

title: [Three cases of XXXX including one case with postoperative @entity1165 ].

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia', 'Ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity1166 :: ('MESH:D016171', 'Disease') :: ['Torsades de Pointes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal tumor', 'Adrenal tumors']

entities_list: @entity1818 :: ('MESH:D011342', 'Chemical') :: ['procainamide']

entities_list: @entity2399 :: ('MESH:D008278', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium sulfate']

entities_list: @entity1272 :: ('MESH:C537153', 'Disease') :: ['Hypomagnesemia']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity822 :: ('MESH:D018246', 'Disease') :: ['adrenocortical adenoma']

entities_list: @entity1368 :: ('MESH:D006929', 'Disease') :: ['primary aldosteronism']

entities_list: @entity1371 :: ('MESH:D007008', 'Disease') :: ['hypokalemia']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity1368 :: (MESH:D006929,Disease) :: ['primary aldosteronism']


abstract: Neuroadapted @entity12385 (NSV) was selected by serial passage of wild-type @entity12385 (SV) in @entity19 brain. After intracerebral inoculation of weanling @entity19 , NSV causes a severe @entity1651 with hindlimb @entity912 and high mortality; SV causes nonfatal mild disease. In order to determine the biologic basis of neurovirulence in vivo, these @entity1800 have been compared by using infectivity assays, light and electron microscopy, in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and double-labeling for neural cell markers and viral RNA. More infectious virus is present in the central nervous system during NSV than during SV @entity281 . After intracerebral inoculation, both @entity149 and spread to gray matter areas, including the ventral horns of the spinal cord. Their cellular targets are not different, and @entity528 is prominent. NSV infects more neurons, and causes more severe injury than SV. In @entity778 , there is marked swelling of lumbar and thoracic neurons and their processes in the ventral horns. Relatively mild changes are detected in SV @entity281 only by electron microscopy. Neuroadaptation likely occurs by increasing the efficiency of viral replication in neurons, rather than by a fundamental change in the cellular tropism or the topography of the @entity4767 .

title: Basis of neurovirulence in @entity12385 @entity1651 of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['NSV infection']

entities_list: @entity4767 :: ('MESH:D002494', 'Disease') :: ['infection in the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['viruses enter the central nervous system via the ependyma']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infections']

entities_list: @entity1651 :: ('MESH:D004679', 'Disease') :: ['encephalomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal infection']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The selective medication for @entity158 control in many clinical situations is @entity1286 but its complications prevent its widespread use. @entity3652 has been introduced as an alternative for @entity1286 in some studies. However, the efficacy of its solitary use has not yet been evaluated. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of @entity3652 alone in relieving @entity158 in @entity130 @entity1 referring to an emergency unit. METHODS: In this double-blind clinical trial, @entity1 with long bone @entity174 were randomly divided into two groups of treatment with intravenous (IV) @entity1286 at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg and treatment with IV @entity3652 at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg. @entity158 severity of the @entity1 was recorded before and 10 minutes after injection based on numeric rating scale. The means in the two groups were compared using independent t-test. Then the Kaplan-Meier curve and log rank analysis were used to evaluate the success of treatment. RESULTS: 126 @entity1 were included in this study. The mean ages of the @entity1 in the @entity1286 and @entity3652 groups were 33.6  14.3 and 35.1  13.5 years, respectively (P=0.54). After therapeutic intervention, the @entity158 severity significantly decreased in @entity3652 (2.7  1.8; P<0.0001) and @entity1286 (2.4  1.5; P<0.0001) groups, with a similar effect of both medications on alleviating @entity158 (P=0.28). The success rate of the treatment at 10-minute interval in groups receiving @entity3652 and @entity1286 were 59 (93.65%) and 61 (96.8%) @entity1 , respectively (P=0.62). CONCLUSION: The results of the present study showed that administration of @entity3652 at a low dose (0.5 mg/kg) results in a significant decrease in the severity of @entity12761 in @entity1 with @entity174 of long bones. This palliative effect is very similar to that of @entity1286 .

title: Comparison of Intravenous XXXX with @entity1286 in @entity158 Relief of Long Bones Fractures: a Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine', 'Ketamine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity3652 :: (MESH:D007649,Chemical) :: ['Ketamine']


abstract: Microenvironment plays an important role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and @entity3308 of cells in @entity157 ( @entity157 ). @entity5960 ( @entity5960 ) is known as a @entity5 @entity3308 marker of @entity157 . To investigate the relationship between microenvironment and @entity3308 , we performed an in  vitro co-culture assay. Four @entity157 cell lines (HepG2, Hep3B, @entity5959 and @entity9294 /PRF/5) were co-cultured with the TWNT-1 immortalized hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which create a microenvironment with @entity157 . Cell proliferation ability was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM) and @entity2454 ( @entity98 ) assay, while migration ability was assessed by a wound healing assay. Expression of @entity5960 was analyzed by immunoblotting and FCM. @entity157 cell lines were co-cultured with TWNT-1 treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) for @entity2533 and @entity20107 ; we then analyzed proliferation, migration ability and protein expression using the methods described above. Proliferation ability was unchanged in @entity157 cell lines co-cultured with TWNT-1. Migration ability was increased in @entity157 cell lines (HepG2, Hep3B, @entity5959 and @entity9294 /PRF/5) directly (216.2  67.0, 61.0  22.0, 124.0  66.2 and 51.5  40.3%) and indirectly (102.5  22.0, 84.6  30.9, 86.1  25.7 and 73.9  29.7%) co-cultured with TWNT-1 compared with the @entity157 uni-culture. Immunoblot analysis revealed increased @entity5960 expression in the @entity157 cell lines co-cultured with TWNT-1. Flow cytometry revealed that the population of @entity5962 -/ @entity6076 + and @entity5960 -positive cells increased and accordingly, EMT and @entity3308 in the @entity157 cell line were activated. These results were similar in the directly and indirectly co-cultured samples, indicating that humoral factors were at play. Conversely, @entity157 cell lines co-cultured with siRNA  -treated TWNT-1 showed decreased migration ability, a decreased population of @entity5960 -positive and @entity5962 -/ @entity6076 + cells. Taken together, humoral factors secreted from TWNT-1 promote upregulation of @entity5960 and EMT in @entity96 cells.

title: Hepatic stellate cells promote upregulation of @entity5960 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity5960 :: ('4072', 'Gene') :: ['Epithelial cell adhesion molecule', 'EpCAM']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity2454 :: ('MESH:C022616', 'Chemical') :: ['3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['hepatic cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: During male gametophyte development in @entity958 , the microspores undergo an asymmetric division to produce a vegetative cell and a generative cell, which undergoes a second division to give rise to two sperm cells. SIDECAR @entity347 ( @entity347 ) 27 plays a key role in the asymmetric division of microspores. Here we provide molecular genetic evidence that a combinatorial role of @entity71881 with @entity71882 is crucial for male gametophyte development in @entity958 . Expression analysis, genetic transmission and pollen viability assays, and pollen development analysis demonstrated that @entity71881 plays a role in the male gametophyte function primarily at germ cell mitosis. In the mature pollen of @entity71881 and @entity71881 expressing a dominant negative version of @entity71881 , @entity71881 :SRDX, aberrant microspores such as bicellular and smaller tricelluar pollen appeared at a ratio of 10 to 15% with a correspondingly decreased ratio of normal tricellular pollen, whereas in @entity71882 mutants, 70% of the pollen was aborted. All pollen in the @entity71881 @entity71882 double mutants was aborted and severely shriveled compared with that of the single mutants, indicating that @entity71881 and @entity71882 are essential for pollen development. Gene expression and subcellular localization analyses of @entity71881 :GFP and @entity71882 :RFP during pollen development indicated that posttranscriptional and/or posttranslational controls are involved in differential accumulation and subcellular localization of @entity71881 and @entity71882 during pollen development, which may contribute in part to combinatorial and distinct roles of @entity71881 with @entity71882 in microspore development. In addition, we showed that @entity71881 and @entity71882 interact to form a heterodimer for nuclear localization. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN( @entity347 )10 interacts with SIDECAR POLLEN/ @entity71882 to control pollen development in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana', 'Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity347 :: ('MESH:D019965', 'Disease') :: ['LBD', 'POLLEN/LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery has been established as the most effective long-term treatment for morbid @entity28 and @entity28 -related comorbidities. Despite its success, there is a paucity of data on the outcomes of bariatric surgery on Hispanic @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective review of @entity28 @entity1 treated at our institute between 2008 and 2014. We identified self-reported Hispanic @entity1 who underwent a laparoscopic gastric bypass (LGBP), sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), or gastric band (LGB) procedure. The primary end point was excess @entity353 (EWL) at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. Secondary end points included improvement of @entity28 -related metabolic parameters at 1 year. We performed a repeated measures analysis of variance to calculate statistical significance throughout our study time period. RESULTS: We identified 2002 Hispanic @entity1 who underwent bariatric surgery (1,235 LGBP, 600 LSG, 167 LGB) at our institute from 2008 to 2014. Follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months were 62.2%, 54.5%, 36.2%, and 19.8%, respectively. Mean preoperative BMIs were 47.0    7.2 kg/m(2), 46.1    7.8 kg/m(2), and 44.9    6.0 kg/m(2) for the LGBP, LSG, and LGB cohorts, respectively. Excess @entity353 was significantly more pronounced in the LGBP and the LSG groups than in the LGB group; this difference was accentuated over time (Fig.  1; p  < 0.0001). Obesity-related metabolic parameters and the need for comorbidity medical therapy decreased in all 3 surgical groups. CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric surgery is highly successful in @entity28 @entity1 . In the largest series to date, LGBP and LSG seem to yield more effective EWL and @entity353 parameters than LGB among Hispanics; however, outcomes are still markedly reduced when compared with those in non-Hispanic populations.

title: Excess Weight Loss and Cardiometabolic Parameter Reduction Diminished among Hispanics Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: Outcomes in More than 2,000 Consecutive Hispanic XXXX at a Single Institution.

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of cardiometabolic', 'weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'Hispanic obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: This paper presents findings based on a one-year pre-introductory clinical investigation concerning safety, efficacy, and acceptability of the new contraceptive NORPLANT implants in @entity3595 Lanka. The study is based on 400 acceptors of the implants at two clinics in @entity3595 Lanka. Acceptors' mean age was 27 years, mean number of @entity1 was about two, and average educational attainment was eight years. Nearly half of the acceptors did not want to have another @entity1 . Follow-up was conducted at one, three, six, and twelve months. The one-year termination rate due to medical problems was very low, and the one-year life-table pregnancy rate was 0.5. Menstrual pattern disruption was the most frequently reported complaint with the implants. @entity2588 increased in the first three months of use, and @entity1867 was common among those menstruating. In spite of these changes and some significant variations between the acceptors in the two study center, the overall degree of satisfaction with the implants was very high. The features most important to the acceptability of the implants were low risk of pregnancy, the long duration of action, and the convenience of use. The results of the study suggest that NORPLANT implants are safe, effective, and highly acceptable to @entity3595 Lankan @entity1 .

title: Evaluation of safety, efficacy, and acceptability of NORPLANT implants in XXXX Lanka.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1867 :: ('MESH:D008796', 'Disease') :: ['intermenstrual bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['Amenorrhea']

answer: @entity3595 :: (6717,Gene) :: ['Sri']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 , especially @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ), represents enormous challenges in continuously achieving treatment improvements. Besides @entity5 , @entity28 is becoming ever more prevalent. Obesity is increasingly acknowledged as a major risk factor for several types of common @entity5 . Significant mechanisms overlap in the pathobiology of @entity28 and tumorigenesis. One of these mechanisms involves @entity4493 ( @entity4493 ), as a link between @entity28 and @entity5 . Additionally, body mass index (BMI) has been widely used in exploiting the role of @entity28 on a series of diseases, including @entity5 . Significantly, squamous @entity1149 revealed to be divergent clinical and molecular phenotypes compared with non-squamous @entity1149 . Consequently, @entity4493 immunostaining score and BMI were assessed by Fisher's linear discriminant analysis to discriminate if progression-free survival (PFS) would exceed 2 years. In addition, the final model was utilized to calculate the discriminant score in each study @entity1 . Finally, 131 @entity1 with squamous NCSLC were eligible for analysis. And a prediction model was established for PFS based on these 2 markers and validated in a second set of squamous NCSLC @entity1 . The model offers a novel tool for survival prediction and could establish a framework for future individualized therapy for @entity1 with squamous NCSLC.

title: Combination of body mass index and XXXX in prognosis prediction of @entity1 with squamous @entity1149 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity4493 :: ('4973', 'Gene') :: ['oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1', 'OLR1']

answer: @entity4493 :: (4973,Gene) :: ['oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Although long term outcome of @entity1 with perimesencephalic @entity548 , a benign subset of @entity510 , is excellent, some @entity1 report an episode of @entity2730 for the first hours to days after the ictus. The relation between the occurrence of @entity2730 and the size of the ventricles on CT, including the temporal horns, were studied in @entity1 with perimesencephalic @entity548 . METHODS: Twenty seven consecutive @entity1 with perimesencephalic @entity548 were asked about the occurrence of @entity2730 . Age adjusted bicaudate indices and third ventricle sizes were calculated. Linear measurements of the temporal horn were taken in three directions: anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, and oblique. Additionally, enlargement of the temporal horns was assessed with the "naked eye". RESULTS: Ten of the 27 @entity1 reported an episode of transient @entity2730 ; in these @entity1 the mean sizes of the temporal horns were larger than in @entity1 without @entity2730 , ranging from a factor of 1.7 for the medial-lateral measurement to a factor of 2.3 for the anterior-posterior measurement. Most of the @entity1 with @entity2730 had relative bicaudate indices and relative third ventricle sizes> 1, and all had enlarged temporal horns at "naked eye" assessment. CONCLUSION: About one third of @entity1 with perimesencephalic @entity548 have an episode of @entity2730 shortly after the bleed. The occurrence of @entity2730 is associated with enlargement of the temporal horns, and might be explained by temporary hippocampal dysfunction.

title: Transient @entity2730 after perimesencephalic XXXX : the role of enlarged temporal horns.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid haemorrhage']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['haemorrhage']


abstract: @entity3917 ( @entity6769 ) is a newly identified @entity5 @entity39 factor superfamily member involved in the regulation of immune responses by control of activation, maturation, and survival of immune effector cells. Despite the immunological relevance of the @entity3917 protein, little knowledge is available as to how light gene expression is regulated. In T-lymphocytes, most @entity3917 surface expression and transcript accumulation occurs after T cell activation. In this study, we have shown that these events are blocked at the transcriptional level by @entity205 , an immuno-suppressive drug. Besides, we identified a role for @entity141 -signaling pathways and NFAT transcription factors in T cell activation-induced @entity3917 expression. To further investigate this process, we have identified, cloned, and characterized a 2.1-kilobase 5'-flanking DNA genomic fragment from the @entity1 light gene. We have shown the transcriptional activity of the herein-identified minimal 5' regulatory region of @entity1 light gene parallels the endogenous expression of light in T cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that induced @entity3917 promoter activity can be equally blocked by @entity205 treatment or dominant negative NFAT overexpression and further identified by site-directed mutagenesis and electrophoretic mobility supershift analysis of a NFAT transcription factor binding site within the @entity1 light minimal promoter. Finally, @entity3419 and @entity12136 binding sites were identified and shown to regulate light basal promoter activity. Thus, the present study establishes a molecular basis to further understand the mechanisms governing @entity1 light gene expression and, consequently, could potentially lead to novel therapeutic manipulations that control the signaling cascade, resulting in @entity3917 production in conditions characterized by immunopathologic activation of T cells.

title: Mechanisms regulating expression of the @entity5 XXXX factor-related light gene. Role of calcium-signaling pathway in the transcriptional control.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin A']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['necrosis']


abstract: @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ), an inducible form of the enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the synthesis of prostanoids, is associated with @entity105 , which is suspected to promote angiogenesis and tissue invasion of @entity5 and resistance to apoptosis. @entity3840 is also involved in @entity3 and poor prognosis of @entity5 . @entity421 with @entity3840 positivity is from 67 to 92  %. @entity3840 -positive rate in metastatic lesions was greater than that of biopsy and/or resected samples of the primary site in @entity421 . And, what role does @entity3840 play in @entity3 ? Genetic studies support a cause-effect connection between @entity3840 and tumorigenesis. @entity3840 expression had a poor prognosis with regard to @entity3 , and @entity1 with increased @entity3840 expression in lung metastases died of the disease. @entity3840 expression has also been established as a marker in @entity1 @entity421 , and @entity3840 inhibition has been suggested as a possible way of improving therapeutic outcome. In addition, COX-inhibitors inhibit the @entity5 initiation, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), cell differentiation and T cell proliferation and suppression of the antitumor activity of natural killer cells and macrophages, angiogenic mechanism. Therefore, we can exert the COX-inhibitors to potentialize the effects of chemotherapeutic agents, and reverse the @entity3 in @entity421 to facilitate the @entity1 who may benefit from addition of COX-inhibitors to standard cytotoxic therapy.

title: Cyclooxygeanse-2 promotes @entity3 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['Osteosarcoma', 'osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'osteosarcoma metastasis']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['osteosarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity281 and obstruction are major complications for @entity5033 in @entity1 with post- @entity548 @entity1276 . In an effort to (1) reduce the incidence of these complications, (2) reduce the rate of shunt failure and (3) shorten the duration of neurosurgical hospitalisation, we have implemented valveless @entity5033 at our department for adult @entity1 with post- @entity548 @entity1276 and @entity548 cerebrospinal fluid at the time of shunt insertion. METHODS: All adult @entity1 (>18  years old) treated for post- @entity548 @entity1276 with ventriculoperitoneal shunting at our institution from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2014 were included in this retrospective population-based consecutive cohort study. Data were collected by retrospectively reviewing medical records. We compared two different shunt modalities (valveless vs valve-regulated), analysing frequencies of complications, shunt survival and duration of neurosurgical hospitalisation. RESULTS: A total of 214 @entity1 aged 22-86 (mean age, 60.5        11.5  years) were included, comprising 137 valveless and 77 valve-regulated shunts. We found no difference in the rate of surgical shunt revision (p   =   0.65) or differences in time interval from insertion to first surgical revision (p   =   0.31) between the two shunt modalities. The duration of neurosurgical hospitalisation was shorter for @entity1 receiving a valveless shunt (p   =   0.004). @entity1 with valveless shunts had a lower rate of @entity281 (5.1  % vs 14.3  %, p   =   0.02), but a higher rate of overdrainage (10.3  % vs 2.6  %, p   =   0.04). CONCLUSION: The use of a valveless shunting for @entity1 with post- @entity548 @entity1276 results in shorter duration of neurosurgical hospitalisation and lower rate of @entity281 , although these advantages should be held up against the risk of overdrainage. We propose valveless shunting to be used as first-line shunting strategy in this @entity1 category, with careful follow-up ensuring that these are substituted by a valve-bearing system if necessary.

title: Valved or valveless ventriculoperitoneal shunting in the treatment of post- XXXX @entity1276 : a population-based consecutive cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Implant infection', 'shunt infection']

entities_list: @entity5033 :: ('MESH:C562451', 'Disease') :: ['ventriculoperitoneal shunts']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['haemorrhagic']


abstract: 1. The ability of blood to flow through capillaries with diameters smaller than that of erythrocytes and leucocytes has been explained hypothetically on the basis of electrostatic repulsion between vessel walls and circulating cells, but in the absence of in vivo evidence. Following our discovery of extraordinarily high densities of @entity7451 on endothelial surfaces, we have now devised experiments to determine to what extent microcirculatory blood flow might depend on these negative charges. 2. Hindlimbs of @entity35 anaesthetized with @entity4543 and @entity4485 were perfused through the femoral artery at constant volume with continuous recording of inflow resistance: first with carotid arterial blood containing continually infused @entity934 at concentrations which minimized peripheral resistance without affecting heart rate; then for 5 min with buffered saline containing @entity934 at the same concentration plus neuraminidase (from @entity1838 , at 0.1 mg/ml) to remove endothelial sialic acids (for control experiments without neuraminidase); and then again with @entity934 -infused carotid blood. 3. As a consequence of the saline perfusion, there was a rapid initial rise and fall of inflow resistance. The subsequent changes in resistance were calculated as the difference between its lowest value in the first 10 min and the value after 60 min. Controls and neuraminidase-perfused groups were compared using the t test for unpaired measurements. 4. In four control experiments inflow resistance decreased by 10-40% (14 +/- 10%, mean +/- S.E.M.). In three experiments with neuraminidase, inflow resistance increased by 24-38% (29 +/- 4%, mean +/- S.E.M.). The difference between the saline and the neuraminidase-perfused groups was significant (P less than 0.005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Increased microvascular resistance to blood flow in the XXXX hindlimb after perfusion with neuraminidase.

entities_list: @entity4485 :: ('MESH:D010424', 'Chemical') :: ['pentobarbitone']

entities_list: @entity1838 :: ('666', 'Species') :: ['Vibrio cholerae']

entities_list: @entity7451 :: ('MESH:D012794', 'Chemical') :: ['sialic acids']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of @entity2996 as an aid in predicting the need for intervention in @entity1 with @entity384 . SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fifty @entity1 with suspected @entity74 were separated into three groups. Group I @entity1 had @entity384 with periampullary lesions (n = 16), group II @entity1 had supraampullary obstructive lesions (n = 17), and group III @entity1 had @entity384 without @entity3885 (n = 17). Twenty consecutive single thick-slice MRCP images were obtained in the 15 degrees or 30 degrees left anterior oblique coronal plane. Two radiologists jointly reviewed the images without knowledge of the final diagnosis. The numbers of images showing relaxation of the sphincteric segment and the configuration of the distal margin of the common bile duct for the three groups were compared. RESULTS: Relaxation of the sphincteric segment was observed on the images of only two @entity1 (12%) in group I but on the images of all @entity1 in groups II and III, although not on all images. Lack of visualization of sphincteric relaxation on the kinematic MRCP images had a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 100% for the diagnosis of periampullary lesions. Most @entity1 whose images did not show sphincteric relaxation required biliary intervention at the sphincter level. CONCLUSION: Nonvisualization of sphincteric relaxation on kinematic MRCP indicates ampullary or periampullary lesions. Kinematic MRCP can be used to determine the necessity of biliary intervention in @entity1 with @entity384 .

title: Using kinematic MR cholangiopancreatography to evaluate XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['biliary dilatation']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['obstruction']

entities_list: @entity2996 :: ('MESH:C564543', 'Disease') :: ['kinematic MR cholangiopancreatographic (MRCP) images']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['pancreaticobiliary disorders']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['biliary dilatation']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The purpose of this study was to examine the roles of @entity5 @entity39 factor-alpha ( @entity310 ), @entity650 , @entity8923 , and @entity160 ( @entity160 ) in @entity1 with @entity1575 ( @entity1575 ) and @entity157 ( @entity157 ). METHODOLOGY: @entity160 and cytokine serum concentrations were determined via EIA or ELISA. RESULTS: In total, 81 @entity1 were included, including 9 healthy controls, 36 @entity1575 @entity1 , and 36 @entity157 @entity1 . Significant differences in @entity160 , @entity310 , @entity650 , and @entity8923 between the three groups were noted (p < 0.001). @entity160 was lowest in the healthy subjects, intermediate in @entity1575 @entity1 and highest in @entity157 @entity1 (all p < 0.001). 11-6 and 11-18 concentrations were significantly higher in the @entity157 group than the other two groups. @entity157 and @entity1575 @entity1 with @entity160 concentration > 7ng/ml had increased @entity8923 concentrations compared to both the other groups p < 0.001). In contrast to previously published studies, @entity310 was highest in the healthy group, intermediate in the @entity157 group, and lowest in the @entity1575 group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity8923 may be a potential @entity5 marker in combination with @entity650 and @entity160 in the diagnosis of @entity157 , but further research including a larger population of @entity1 is essential. Further research is warranted.

title: Cytokine evaluation in XXXX and @entity157 .

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein', 'AFP']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['LC', 'liver cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity1575 :: (MESH:D008103,Disease) :: ['liver cirrhosis']


abstract: We report a case of adult @entity11657 ( @entity11657 ) associated with group A @entity883 . A 37-year-old male had suffered from high fever, @entity4841 , @entity925 , and @entity1910 following pharyngalgia. He was admitted to the hospital because of cutaneous @entity1066 and @entity39 making the general condition rapidly poor. A serological streptococcal test showed a marked increase in antistreptlysin-O (ASO) and a positive reaction to C polysaccharide, suggesting fulminant @entity883 . Various antibiotics including @entity114 agents were administered. However improvement and exacerbation were repeatedly noted. In the hospital course @entity5013 and subcutaneous nodes in upper extremities developed. Biopsy specimen of subcutaneous nodes revealed @entity39 . Administration of a @entity134 achieved complete response, and the symptoms, inflammatory reaction, and ASO level improved. While the dose of the @entity134 was tapered gradually, recurrence was noted. However, increasing the dose finally resulted in relief. During the 2-year follow-up, there was a correlation between the ASO level and inflammatory reaction.

title: [A case of adult @entity11657 associated with fulminant group A XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity883 :: ('MESH:D013290', 'Disease') :: ['streptococcal infection']

entities_list: @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['exanthema']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'necrotizing angiitis']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity11657 :: ('MESH:D010488', 'Disease') :: ['PN', 'polyarteritis nodosa']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['polyarthralgia']

entities_list: @entity5013 :: ('MESH:D009443', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuritis']

answer: @entity883 :: (MESH:D013290,Disease) :: ['streptococcal infection']


abstract: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among troops training at Fort Chaffee, Arkansas, from May through June 1997, to identify @entity281 caused by tick-borne pathogens. Serum samples were tested by IFAs for antibodies to selected @entity16736 and Ehrlichia species and by an investigational EIA for spotted @entity221 group @entity16736 lipopolysaccharide antigens. Of 1,067 guardsmen tested, 162 (15.2%) had antibodies to one or more pathogens. Of 93 guardsmen with paired serum samples, 33 seroconverted to @entity16736 or spotted @entity221 group rickettsiae (SFGR) and five to Ehrlichia species. Most (84.8%) of the personnel who seroconverted to SFGR were detected only by EIA, and seropositivity was significantly associated with an illness compatible with a @entity7545 . In addition, 34 (27%) of 126 subjects with detectable antibody titers reported a compatible illness. The primary risk factor for confirmed or probable disease was finding > 10 ticks on the body. @entity3403 use and rolling up of long sleeves were protective against seropositivity. The risk of transmission of tick-borne pathogens at Fort Chaffee remains high, and use of the broadly reactive EIA suggests that previous investigations may have underestimated the risk for @entity281 by SFGR. Measures to prevent tick bite and associated disease may require reevaluation.

title: Fort Chaffee revisited: the epidemiology of XXXX at a natural focus.

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['Doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity16736 :: ('783', 'Species') :: ['Rickettsia rickettsii', 'Rickettsia']

entities_list: @entity7545 :: ('MESH:D017282', 'Disease') :: ['tick-borne disease']

answer: @entity7545 :: (MESH:D017282,Disease) :: ['tick-borne rickettsial and ehrlichial diseases']


abstract: Molecular cloning techniques were used to isolate and characterize the DNA including and surrounding the @entity16791 and @entity27961 genes on the left arm of chromosome I of the @entity375 @entity375 . A plasmid that complemented a temperature-sensitive @entity16791 mutation was isolated from a @entity375 genomic DNA library in a shuttle vector. Plasmids containing @entity27961 -complementing DNA were obtained from other investigators. Several lines of evidence (including one-step gene replacement experiments) demonstrated that the complementing plasmids contained the bona fide @entity16791 and @entity27961 genes. These sequences were then used to isolate additional DNA from chromosome I by probing a @entity375 genomic DNA library in a lambda vector. A total of 28 kilobases (kb) of contiguous DNA surrounding the @entity16791 and @entity27961 genes was isolated, and a restriction map was determined. Electron microscopy of R-loop-containing DNA and RNA blot hybridization analyses indicated that an 18-kb segment contained at least seven transcribed regions, only three of which corresponded to previously known genes ( @entity16791 , @entity27961 , and @entity72194 ). Southern blot hybridization experiments suggested that none of the genes in this region was duplicated elsewhere in the @entity375 genome. The centers of @entity16791 and @entity27961 were only approximately 7.5 kb apart, although the genetic map distance between them is approximately 13 centimorgans. As previous studies with @entity375 have indicated that 1 centimorgan generally corresponds to approximately 3 kb, the region between @entity16791 and @entity27961 appears to undergo meiotic recombination at an unusually high frequency.

title: Molecular cloning of chromosome I DNA from XXXX : isolation and characterization of the @entity16791 gene and adjacent regions of the chromosome.

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'S. cerevisiae']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae']


abstract: Chemotherapy remains a commonly used therapeutic approach for many @entity5 . Indeed chemotherapy is relatively effective for treatment of certain @entity5 and it may be the only therapy (besides radiotherapy) that is appropriate for certain @entity5 . However, a common problem with chemotherapy is the development of drug resistance. Many studies on the mechanisms of drug resistance concentrated on the expression of membrane transporters and how they could be aberrantly regulated in drug resistant cells. Attempts were made to isolate specific inhibitors which could be used to treat drug resistant @entity1 . Unfortunately most of these drug transporter inhibitors have not proven effective for therapy. Recently the possibilities of more specific, targeted therapies have sparked the interest of clinical and basic researchers as approaches to kill @entity5 cells. However, there are also problems associated with these targeted therapies. Two key signaling pathways involved in the regulation of cell growth are the Ras/ @entity8496 / @entity8047 / @entity3963 and @entity10412 / @entity983 / @entity584 / @entity3470 pathways. Dysregulated signaling through these pathways is often the result of genetic alterations in critical components in these pathways as well as mutations in upstream growth factor receptors. Furthermore, these pathways may be activated by chemotherapeutic drugs and ionizing radiation. This review documents how their abnormal expression can contribute to drug resistance as well as resistance to targeted therapy. This review will discuss in detail @entity983 regulation as this is a critical @entity5 suppressor gene frequently dysregulated in @entity1 @entity5 which contributes to therapy resistance. Controlling the expression of these pathways could improve @entity5 therapy and ameliorate @entity1 health.

title: Therapeutic resistance resulting from mutations in @entity8496 / @entity8047 / XXXX and @entity10412 / @entity983 / @entity584 / @entity3470 signaling pathways.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer']

answer: @entity3963 :: (5594,Gene) :: ['ERK']