abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity4 following @entity0 treatment is a frequent manifestation of @entity4269 . In order to document outcomes from @entity4269 treatments, reliable, valid, and practical measurements of UE swelling are necessary. The purpose of this study was to compare geometric methods of determining UE volumes with water displacement methods. SUBJECTS: The @entity4 hand, forearm, and upper arm of 50 @entity1 with UE swelling secondary to @entity4269 were measured. METHODS: Upper-extremity volumes were determined by water displacement using arm and hand volumeters. Displaced water was weighed to determine volume. Circumferential girth measurements were taken. Width and depth measurements of the hand were taken with a tension-controlled caliper. Geometric volume formulas for a cylinder, frustum, rectangular solid, and trapezoidal solid were used to calculate volumes of the arm and hand at different measurement intervals. RESULTS: Intraclass correlation coefficients [2,1] for interrater and intrarater reliability of all water and geometric measurements of the arm and hand were.91 to.99 and.92 to.99, respectively. Water displacement correlated with geometric measurements in the arm (r=.97-.98) and in the hand (r=.81-.91). The limits of agreement (LOA) indicated that water and geometric measurements of arm volume differed by 479 to 655 mL. Scatterplots of the LOA data indicated in that geometric volumes were either larger or smaller than water volumes. The smallest standard error of measurement for the arm measurements was for the 6-cm frustum method at 115 mL; for the hand measurements, the smallest standard error of measurement was for the frustum method at 16 mL. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Volume of an @entity4 UE calculated by geometric formulas correlated strongly with volume determined by water displacement. Although strongly correlated, the measurements obtained by the 2 methods did not agree.

title: Upper-extremity volume measurements in @entity1 with XXXX : a comparison of measurements obtained via water displacement with geometrically determined volume.

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edematous', 'Upper-extremity (UE) swelling']

entities_list: @entity4269 :: ('MESH:D008209', 'Disease') :: ['lymphedema']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity4269 :: (MESH:D008209,Disease) :: ['lymphedema']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study provides a comparison of health behaviors between @entity356 survivors with @entity101 and non- @entity5 subjects in Korea. METHODS: Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) for the period of 2005-2012 were used in this study. A propensity score matching method was used to compare health behaviors. Before the matching of propensity scores, the number of @entity1 was 11034 (102 @entity356 survivors and 10932 non- @entity5 @entity1 ). A 1:5 propensity score matching procedure yielded a total of 480 @entity1 (80 @entity5 @entity1 ) for the final analysis. Drinking, smoking, physical activity, antihypertensive medication adherence, self-reported diet control, and sodium intake accordance in the two groups were compared. A complex samples logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess any differences between the two groups. RESULTS: The group of hypertensive @entity356 survivors had lower alcohol consumption (OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.14-0.66; p-value = 0.003). They were more likely to be on dietary control than the control group (OR = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.60-6.10; p-value = 0.001). However, there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in sodium intake accordance or other health behaviors (including medication adherence, smoking, and physical activity) between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results revealed that @entity356 survivors with @entity101 were more likely to be on dietary control with lower alcohol consumption than the control group. However, there was no significant difference in sodium intake accordance or other health behaviors between the two groups. Therefore, primary care physicians should inform @entity5 survivors about the appropriate health behaviors to reduce their risk of @entity65 and improve their overall survival rate, even though they say they have been doing health behaviors.

title: Health Behaviors of Korean XXXX Survivors with @entity101 : A Propensity Analysis of KNHANES III-V (2005-2012).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'gastric cancer survivors and 400 non-cancer']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric Cancer']


abstract: In the 45 years since the first description of @entity1877 acetyltransferase ( @entity4268 ; EC 2.3.1.6.), significant progress has been made in characterizing the molecular properties of this important neurotransmitter synthetic enzyme. We are now on the verge of understanding its genetic regulation and biological function(s). The @entity238 cDNA has been cloned, sequenced, and expressed in both a eucaryotic and a procaryotic system. The levels of @entity4268 specific mRNA have been determined during @entity238 development. Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies have been produced to the enzyme from a variety of sources and used for biochemical and immunocytochemical studies. Two well characterized genetic systems have identified the @entity4268 gene and described a series of useful alleles. As a nervous system specific protein expressed only in the subset of neurons using @entity934 as a neurotransmitter, @entity4268 is a good model for uncovering the processes and factors responsible for regulating genes involved in neurotransmitter phenotype selection and maintenance. Recent studies have described the purification of a cholinergic factor from muscle conditioned medium and indicated the potential importance of nerve growth factor (NGF) for regulating @entity4268 expression in the central nervous system. These factors, or ones remaining to be discovered, may be involved in the etiology or disease process of @entity14827 such as @entity195 .

title: Molecular biology and neurobiology of XXXX acetyltransferase.

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

entities_list: @entity14827 :: ('MESH:D020271', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative nervous system disorders']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity1877 :: (MESH:D002794,Chemical) :: ['choline']


abstract: To further characterize the mechanism of impaired growth in @entity1 with @entity1723 , we examined the serum components of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system in 11 @entity1 with new-onset @entity1723 and followed the effect of insulinization on the IGF system longitudinally 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after starting insulin treatment. Before insulin therapy, serum @entity442 , @entity5100 , @entity2301 ( @entity2301 ), and @entity9045 ( @entity9045 ) levels were significantly decreased, whereas @entity10116 and @entity701 were significantly increased in @entity6 @entity1 compared to those in an age-, sex-, and stage of puberty-matched control group. Random serum GH concentrations did not differ significantly. The alterations in the IGF system reversed with insulin therapy in a sequential manner. @entity10116 fell rapidly and was comparable to control values within 24 h after insulin treatment. @entity442 rose 1 week after treatment, reaching levels comparable to those in controls and continued to rise through 1 month of treatment. @entity5100 , @entity2301 , and @entity9045 showed a slower pattern of change, with their levels reaching control values only 1 month after the start of insulin treatment. Improvement in glycemic control, as determined by a change in hemoglobin-A1c, correlated positively with improvement in @entity442 , @entity5100 , @entity2301 , @entity9045 , and @entity1017 after 1 month of insulin therapy. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that changes in the IGF system in the insulinopenic state are similar to those during nutritional deprivation and may serve to minimize IGF's anabolic actions. The decreases in @entity442 , @entity5100 , and @entity2301 may in part be due to a decrease in the @entity9045 /receptor. However, the observation that an increase in serum @entity442 was observed earlier than an increase in @entity9045 and without a significant change in serum GH suggests a direct stimulatory effect of insulin on liver @entity442 production or reversal by insulin of some postreceptor defect in GH action independent of @entity9045 .

title: Effect of insulin on the insulin-like growth factor system in @entity1 with new-onset XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity2301 :: ('3486', 'Gene') :: ['IGF-binding protein-3', 'IGFBP-3']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity9045 :: ('2690', 'Gene') :: ['GH-binding protein', 'GHBP']

answer: @entity1723 :: (MESH:D003922,Disease) :: ['insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a novel technique of intraperitoneal chemotherapy. First results obtained with PIPAC in @entity1 with advanced peritoneal @entity3 (PM) from @entity356 ( @entity356 ) are presented. METHODS: Retrospective analysis: Sixty PIPAC were applied in 24 consecutive @entity1 with PM from @entity356 . 67  % @entity1 had previous surgery, and 79  % previous @entity902 -based systemic chemotherapy. Mean @entity298 Index (PCI) of 16        10 and 18/24 @entity1 had signet-ring @entity356 . @entity900 7.5  mg/m(2) and @entity632 1.5  mg/m(2) were given for 30  min at 37    C and 12  mmHg at 6  week intervals. Outcome criteria were survival, adverse events, and histological @entity5 response. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 248  days (range 105-748), and median survival time was 15.4  months. Seventeen @entity1 had repeated PIPAC, and objective @entity5 response was observed in 12 (12/24   =   50  %): no vital @entity5 cells   =   6, major pathological response   =   6, minor response   =   3. Postoperative adverse events   >   CTCAE 2 were observed in 9 @entity1 (9/24, 37.5  %). In 3/17 @entity1 , a later PIPAC could not be performed due to non-access. Two @entity1 (ECOG 3 and 4) died in the hospital due to disease progression. CONCLUSION: PIPAC with low-dose @entity900 and @entity632 was safe and induced objective @entity5 regression in selected @entity1 with PM from recurrent, @entity902 -resistant @entity356 . First survival data are encouraging and justify further clinical studies in this indication.

title: Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) with Low-Dose XXXX and @entity632 in Gastric Peritoneal @entity3 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['Peritoneal Carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'GC']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['Cisplatin']


abstract: Paroxysmal sensorimotor phenomena of spinal cord origin are well documented in the literature dealing with @entity15 , but have seldom been identified in other conditions. These @entity410 are characterized by tonic @entity2473 in the extremities, often accompanied by @entity158 , and are fleeting, usually lasting no more than two minutes. Although they may occur spontaneously, they are commonly precipitated by tactile stimulation or movement of the extremity. These episodes must be clinically differentiated from @entity508 as they have been shown to be responsive to anticonvulsants such as @entity2049 ( @entity2049 ). We present two @entity1 admitted to our rehabilitation facility with a diagnosis of @entity5697 . Clinical and diagnostic evaluation revealed no evidence of @entity15 and follow-up studies for two and one-half years in case 1 and one year in case 2 continued to support the admitting diagnoses. Each @entity1 developed focal sensorimotor phenomena relatively early in the course of the disease which interfered with rehabilitation. Effective treatment was obtained with administration of @entity2049 . Subsequently, both @entity1 developed signs and symptoms of @entity15 . The complication of @entity410 may become a limiting factor in the rehabilitation of @entity1 with @entity5697 is recognized and appropriate anticonvulsant therapy initiated. It may also be the first indicator that @entity15 rather than "idiopathic" transverse @entity602 is present.

title: @entity410 in transverse XXXX : report of two cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5697 :: ('MESH:D009188', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic transverse myelopathy unless the disorder', 'idiopathic transverse myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures', 'spinal cord seizures']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['Tegretol', 'carbamazepine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful dysesthesias']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity602 :: (MESH:D013118,Disease) :: ['myelopathy']


abstract: @entity173 are independently associated with advancing age, specific clinical risk factors (CRFs), and low @entity79 ( @entity79 ). The use of @entity79 T-scores for quantifying @entity174 risk ignores the contribution of age and CRFs. We previously developed a mathematical model of @entity173 risk that incorporates @entity1 age, @entity79 , and the results of eleven specific CRFs. The purpose of this study was to compare the contribution of an approach to @entity174 risk stratification using the full model (age, CRFs and @entity79 ) with that of a unidimensional @entity79 -only model. We selected 213 consecutive postmenopausal females (mean age 65.3, range 50-87.9) with @entity6192 data referred for @entity79 assessment of @entity174 risk. Absolute @entity173 risk (over the next 5 years and remaining lifetime) was estimated using both the full and @entity79 -only models. The mean ratio of @entity173 risks ( @entity79 -only/full model) derived for each @entity1 was 0.8 (95% CI, 0.16-4.0) for @entity173 in the next 5 years and 1.1 (CI, 0.1-7.6) for remaining lifetime. The wide confidence intervals indicate a large contribution of age and CRFs to @entity174 risk stratification. Categorization of @entity1 as "high risk" was frequently discordant for the two models. One-half of the @entity1 designated "high risk" under the full model were classified as "low risk" based upon @entity79 alone. In conclusion, we have shown that a multidimensional approach to @entity173 risk stratification is feasible, and greatly modifies risk stratification based on @entity79 alone.

title: Contribution of clinical risk factors to bone density-based absolute XXXX risk assessment in postmenopausal @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fracture', 'absolute hip fracture', 'Hip fractures']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: @entity4965 ( @entity4966 ) is the most frequently reported organic groundwater contaminant in the United States. It is controversial whether gestational @entity4966 exposure causes @entity4297 . The basis for @entity4966 's proposed cardiac teratogenicity is not well understood. We previously showed that @entity1573 embryos exposed to 8 ppb @entity4966 during cardiac morphogenesis have reduced cardiac output and increased mortality. To further investigate @entity4966 's cardioteratogenic potential, we exposed in ovo @entity1573 embryos to @entity4966 and evaluated the heart thereafter. Significant mortality was observed following @entity4966 exposures of 8-400 ppb during a narrow developmental period (Hamburger-Hamilton [HH] stages 15-20, embryo day ED2.3-3.5) that is characterized by myocardial expansion, secondary heart looping, and endocardial cushion formation. Of the embryos that died, most did so between ED5.5 and ED6.5. Echocardiography of embryos at ED5.5 found that @entity4966 -exposed hearts displayed significant functional and morphological heterogeneity affecting heart rate, left ventricular mass, and wall thickness. Individual embryos were identified with @entity1283 as well as with @entity509 . @entity1573 embryos exposed to 8 ppb @entity4966 at HH17 that survived to hatch exhibited a high incidence (38%, p < 0.01, n = 16) of muscular @entity1757 ( @entity1757 ) as detected by echocardiography and confirmed by gross dissection; no @entity1757 were found in controls (n = 14). The @entity4966 -induced @entity1757 may be @entity73 that alter cardiac hemodynamics and subsequent ventricular foramen closure, an interpretation consistent with recent demonstrations that @entity4966 impairs @entity460 handling in cardiomyocytes. These data demonstrate that @entity4966 is a cardiac teratogen for @entity1573 .

title: Altered cardiac function and @entity1757 in avian embryos exposed to low-dose XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['secondary to functional impairments']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defects', 'VSDs']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity4965 :: ('MESH:D014241', 'Chemical') :: ['Trichloroethylene']

entities_list: @entity4297 :: ('MESH:D006330', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart defects']

answer: @entity4965 :: (MESH:D014241,Chemical) :: ['trichloroethylene']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In New Zealand, M  ori and Pacific @entity1 are more likely than New Zealand/European @entity1 to present at a younger age with larger @entity5 and @entity3 . Survival rates are also differential by ethnicity. Many factors are believed to be responsible for this including differences in comorbidities, delays to presentation and delays in treatment. It is unclear whether these differences exist amongst @entity1 with grade 1 @entity5 in New Zealand. Therefore, we examined patterns of axillary nodal involvement, @entity66 and mortality in grade 1 @entity0 in New Zealand @entity1 , and whether ethnicity was an important predictor for any of these outcomes. METHOD: Data was retrieved from the Auckland Breast Cancer Registry (ABCR) and the Waikato Breast Cancer Registry (WBCR) which are prospective, population-based databases. All @entity1 newly diagnosed with grade 1 primary @entity0 between 1 June 2000 and 31 May 2013 were identified from the two registries. RESULTS: There were 2857 grade 1 @entity0 diagnosed over this time period. Axillary lymph nodes were involved in 19.0% of @entity1 , and 5.1% developed @entity66 (locoregional or distant). Pacific and M  ori @entity1 were more likely than NZ European @entity1 to have larger @entity5 and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Predictors for axillary node involvement were @entity5 size greater than 10mm, @entity3 and non-screen detected @entity5 . @entity5 size greater than 10mm, @entity1137 and BCS without radiotherapy were predictive of recurrent and or @entity3 . Ethnicity was not observed to be an independent predictor for axillary nodal involvement, recurrent and/or @entity3 , or @entity0 specific mortality amongst New Zealand @entity1 with grade 1 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Ethnicity was not a predictor of axillary node involvement, @entity66 or mortality in grade 1 @entity0 in our population.

title: Patterns of axillary lymph node XXXX and @entity66 in grade 1 @entity0 in a New Zealand cohort: Does ethnicity matter?

entities_list: @entity1137 :: ('MESH:D018275', 'Disease') :: ['lobular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer', 'invasive breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['recurrent disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'Tumour', 'cancer', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['lymphovascular invasion', 'LVI', 'metastatic disease']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: An algorithm is proposed for the conversion of a virtual-bond polypeptide chain (connected C alpha atoms) to an all-atom backbone, based on determining the most extensive @entity3884 -bond network between the peptide groups of the backbone, while maintaining all of the backbone atoms in energetically feasible conformations. @entity3884 bonding is represented by aligning the peptide-group dipoles. These peptide groups are not contiguous in the @entity535 sequence. The first dipoles to be aligned are those that are both sufficiently close in space to be arranged in approximately linear arrays termed dipole paths. The criteria used in the construction of dipole paths are: to assure good alignment of the greatest possible number of dipoles that are close in space; to optimize the electrostatic interactions between the dipoles that belong to different paths close in space; and to avoid locally unfavorable @entity535 residue conformations. The equations for dipole alignment are solved separately for each path, and then the remaining single dipoles are aligned optimally with the electrostatic field from the dipoles that belong to the dipole-path network. A least-squares minimizer is used to keep the geometry of the alpha- @entity505 trace of the resulting backbone close to that of the input virtual-bond chain. This procedure is sufficient to convert the virtual-bond chain to a real chain; in applications to real systems, however, the final structure is obtained by minimizing the total ECEPP/2 (empirical conformational energy program for peptides) energy of the system, starting from the geometry resulting from the solution of the alignment equations. When applied to model alpha-helical and beta-sheet structures, the algorithm, followed by the ECEPP/2 energy minimization, resulted in an energy and backbone geometry characteristic of these alpha-helical and beta-sheet structures. Application to the alpha- @entity505 trace of the backbone of the crystallographic 5PTI structure of @entity291 pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, followed by ECEPP/2 energy minimization with C alpha-distance constraints, led to a structure with almost as low energy and root mean square deviation as the ECEPP/2 geometry analog of 5PTI, the best agreement between the crystal and reconstructed backbone being observed for the residues involved in the dipole-path network.

title: Calculation of protein backbone geometry from alpha- XXXX coordinates based on peptide-group dipole alignment.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen', 'Hydrogen']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of a 20 mg tablet preparation of @entity594 alone in twice daily dosage, in the treatment of moderate @entity101 (95 greater than or equal to @entity13520 less than or equal to 115 mmHg). Efficacy was defined as the ability to maintain treatment for 6 months with a fall in @entity13520 of a least 5 mmHg after the first month, and with a @entity13520 100 mmHg from the second month. One hundred and seventy seven @entity1 were recruited from november 1981 to december 1982, 55% during the first three months of the trial. There were 95 @entity1 (54%) and 82 @entity1 , with a mean age of 55.6 +/- 10 years. The @entity13520 ranged from 96 to 111 mmHg in 80% of cases. The @entity1 were randomly allocated in lots of 6, to three groups: placebo (58 @entity1 ), @entity594 (57 @entity1 ) and @entity10719 (61 @entity1 ). The comparability of 21 parameters amongst these 3 groups was verified. After 1 month of placebo, 25 @entity1 did not meet the criteria of inclusion and were excluded from the study. During this phase, 19 @entity1 (10.5%) complained of at least one side effect. Of the 152 @entity1 who received active treatment, 34 (22.4%) were "wrongly included", 17 did not complete the test period for undefined reasons and were considered to have been "lost to follow-up", and 6 @entity1 "deviated" from the protocol. These 3 groups were taken into account in the statistical analysis of the graphs of non-failure.

title: [Antihypertensive effect of a new form of XXXX compared to a beta-blocker during chronic administration].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity10719 :: ('MESH:D000070', 'Chemical') :: ['acebutolol']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

answer: @entity594 :: (MESH:D009543,Chemical) :: ['nifedipine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to evaluate changes in the timing of prenatal diagnosis and abortion for @entity2008 over the past 10 years. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective review identified singleton pregnancies with fetal @entity2008 that were diagnosed from 2005-2014 and included @entity1467 , @entity7440 . The study period was divided into 3 intervals: 2005-2006; 2007-2011; and 2012-2014. Gestational ages at prenatal diagnosis and abortion were compared over these intervals. RESULTS: The 213 cases included 142 cases of @entity1467 (66.7%), 47 cases of Trisomy 18 (22.1%), and 24 cases of Trisomy 13  (11.3%). Two hundred one @entity1 (94.4%) chose to undergo abortion. The median gestational ages at prenatal diagnosis and @entity5852 or 13 were 12 weeks (interquartile range, 12-13 weeks) and 13 weeks (interquartile range, 12-15.5 weeks) and did not change over the study period. In contrast, in pregnancies with @entity1467 , the median gestational age at prenatal diagnosis (16, 13, and 12 weeks; P < .001) and abortion (17, 14, and 13 weeks; P  <  .001) both decreased significantly over the study intervals. In @entity1467 pregnancies, the proportion of @entity1 who underwent chorionic villus sampling significantly increased over the 3 study intervals (36%, 63%, and 86%; P < .001). CONCLUSION: Since 2005, the gestational ages at prenatal diagnosis and abortion for @entity1467 have declined significantly. These changes are likely attributable to improvements in early screening that leads to higher rates of chorionic villus sampling.

title: Trends in timing of prenatal diagnosis and abortion for fetal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5852 :: ('MESH:D000031', 'Disease') :: ['abortion for Trisomy 18']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ['Down syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity7440 :: ('MESH:C580500', 'Disease') :: ['Trisomy 18, and Trisomy 13']

answer: @entity2008 :: (MESH:D002869,Disease) :: ['chromosomal abnormalities']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the relationship between sense of coherence, @entity458 and health related quality of life in @entity29 ( @entity29 ). METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled a consecutive sample of 147 @entity29 (aged 45.1    14.1 years; 57.1% female) @entity1 recruited from a tertiary gastroenterology service. Sixty-four @entity1 met diagnostic criteria for @entity30 , while eighty-three @entity1 had @entity31 . Socio-demographic data (education, age, race, gender, gross monthly income and marital status), disease-related variables (illness activity, relapse rate in past 2 years, history of surgery and time since diagnosis), sense of coherence (Antonovsky's SOC scale), @entity1109 ( @entity148 and @entity308 Scale) and @entity283 ( @entity283 ; WHOQOL-Bref) were assessed. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed to identify factors that are independently associated with @entity458 and @entity283 in @entity1 with @entity29 and to provide indications for possible moderating or mediating effects. In addition, formal moderation and mediation analyses (Sobel tests) were performed to confirm potential moderators/mediators of the relationship between SOC, @entity1109 . RESULTS: Lower SOC scores (std beta= -0.504; P < 0.001), female gender (std beta = 0.176; P = 0.021) and White race (std beta = 0.164; P = 0.033) were independently associated with higher levels of @entity308 , while lower levels of SOC (std beta = -0.438; P < 0.001) and higher relapse rate (std beta = 0.161; P = 0.033) were independently associated with more severe @entity148 . A significant interaction between time since diagnosis and SOC was found with regard to the severity of @entity308 or @entity148 , as the interaction term (time since diagnosis X SOC) had beta coefficients of -0.191 (P = 0.009) and -0.172 (P = 0.026), respectively. Lower levels of @entity148 (std beta = -0.369; P < 0.001), higher levels of SOC (std beta = 0.231; P = 0.016) and non-White race (std beta = -0.229; P = 0.006), i.e., mixed-race, which represented the reference category, were independently associated with higher levels of overall @entity283 . @entity148 symptoms were the most potent independent correlate of most aspects of @entity283 . In addition, @entity148 mediated the association between SOC and satisfaction with health, as well as its relationship with physical, mental, and social relations @entity283 . @entity308 also mediated the association between SOC and mental @entity283 . CONCLUSION: Our data indicated that SOC is an important construct, as it influences @entity458 and has significant albeit indirect effects on several @entity283 domains in @entity29 .

title: Associations of sense of coherence with XXXX and quality of life in @entity29 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive symptoms', 'depressive', 'Depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['HRQoL', 'health-related quality of life']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress symptoms and HRQoL', 'psychological distress symptoms']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety symptoms', 'Anxiety', 'anxiety', 'Hospital Anxiety']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['psychological distress']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 tissue @entity7199 -related peptidases (KLK) are a group of 15 @entity563 proteases which have been investigated as potential @entity5 biomarkers. This study determined the prognostic significance of @entity37598 and 15 expression levels in @entity356 specimens. Expression of @entity37598 and @entity50834 was assessed by immunohistochemistry staining on a tissue microarray constructed from 113 gastrectomy specimens from @entity1 with @entity356 . To minimize inter-observer variability, expression levels were quantified using an automated algorithm. Epithelial and stromal staining were assessed separately. Both @entity37598 and @entity50834 were expressed in @entity356 . There was no significant correlation between either @entity37598 or @entity50834 expression and the presence of lymph node metastases or Lauren classification (intestinal vs. diffuse). Higher levels of @entity37598 expression in @entity356 were associated with significantly worse overall survival (p   =   0.008), and a multivariate analysis showed that it had prognostic value independent of @entity5 stage and differentiation (p   =   0.004). Variations in @entity50834 expression were not significantly associated with prognosis. @entity37598 shows promise as a potential independent prognostic marker for @entity356 .

title: Prognostic significance of @entity1 tissue @entity7199 -related peptidases 11 and 15 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity7199 :: ('MESH:D007610', 'Chemical') :: ['kallikrein']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric carcinoma']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: @entity6064 of pregnancy is characterized by a combination of at least two of the following clinical symptoms: @entity101 , @entity4 , and @entity644 . In three successive trials over three consecutive years, the dietary intakes of a selected number of young pregnant @entity1 attending a Maternal and @entity1 Care Clinic at Tuskegee Institute were evaluated for protein, @entity1522 , and total calories. @entity1 with @entity6064 were identified, and @entity1 without @entity6064 served as controls. The toxemic group generally consumed more protein than the controls, but values were statistically significant only in the first trial. However, all essential @entity1522 were consumed in significantly greater amounts by the toxemic group. Protein and essential @entity1522 were consumed in adequate amounts (at least two-thirds of the RDA) by both groups but in amounts smaller than the national average. Non-essential @entity1522 were also consumed in adequate amounts, with the toxemic group consuming larger quantities than the controls. Caloric intakes were adequate for young pregnant @entity1 . The relationships of @entity15157 and of @entity6064 to protein and @entity535 intake were similar and were opposite to the relationship of @entity417 to protein and @entity535 intake. Meats and grains contributed the greatest quantity of protein and @entity1522 to the diet in all groups. Data seem to imply that any relationship of protein and @entity1522 with @entity6064 of pregnancy is a complex one involving several possibly interrelated nutritional parameters.

title: Protein, @entity535 , and caloric intakes of selected pregnant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Infant', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity15157 :: ('MESH:D006030', 'Disease') :: ['glucosuria']

entities_list: @entity6064 :: ('MESH:D014115', 'Disease') :: ['toxemia', 'Toxemia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the fenestration operation for treatment of acetabular parastyle @entity174 combined with articular facet compression and collapse of acetabular top involving weight-bearing dome. METHODS: From July 2005 to February 2007, 52 cases of acetabular parastyle @entity174 combined with articular facet compression and collapse of acetabular top involving weight-bearing dome were treated by two methods. Among them, 24 cases were treated by fenestration operation for articular facet reduction, bone grafing, anatomical reconstruction of the acetabular parastyle with internal fixation, included 17 males and 7 females with an average age of (35.2 +/- 6.4) years old; the other 28 cases were treated only anatomical reconstruction of the acetabular parastyle with internal fixation, included 19 males and 9 females with an average age of (36.4 +/- 4.8) years old. All the @entity1 were evaluated with modified d'Aubigne-Postel clinical evaluation standard. RESULTS: All @entity1 gained bone healing. There were only 1 @entity1 occurenced @entity2096 and recovered 2 months later. There were no other complications. All @entity1 were followed up from 12 to 51 months (averaged in 31.5 months). According to modified d'Aubigne-Postel clinical evaluation standard, there were statistic difference between the two groups of @entity1 in @entity158 , walking, range of motion and total score. In fenestration operation group, the results were excellent in 13 @entity1 , good in 9, fair in 1, poor in 1; in parastyle reduction group,the results were excellent in 9 @entity1 , good in 11, fair in 6, poor in 2 (u=0.613, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Fenestration operation for treatment of acetabular parastyle @entity174 combined with articular facet compression and collapse of acetabular top involving weight-bearing dome is a feasible method for the recovery of hip joint function.

title: [Fenestration operation for treatment of acetabular parastyle XXXX combined with articular facet compression and collapse of acetabular top involving weight-bearing dome].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2096 :: ('MESH:D020428', 'Disease') :: ['femoral nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: Adipose derived stromal cells (ADSCs) were transplanted into a developing @entity19 eye to investigate the influence of a developing host micro environment on integration and differentiation. Green fluorescent protein-expressing ADSCs were transplanted by intraocular injections. The age of the @entity19 was in the range of 1 to 10 days @entity16843 ( @entity16843 ). Survival dates ranged from 7 to 28 post transplantation (DPT), at which time immunohistochemistry was performed. The transplanted ADSCs displayed some morphological differentiations in the host eye. Some cells expressed @entity7001 (marker for mature neuron), or glial fibrillary acid protein (marker for glial cell). In addition, some cells integrated into the ganglion cell layer. The integration and differentiation of the transplanted ADSCs in the 5 and 10 @entity16843 7 DPT were better than in the host eye the other age ranges. This study was aimed at demonstrating how the age of host micro environment would influence the differentiation and integration of the transplanted ADSCs. However, it was found that the integration and differentiation into the developing retina were very limited when compared with other stem cells, such as @entity19 brain progenitor cell.

title: Transplantation of adipose derived stromal cells into the developing XXXX eye.

entities_list: @entity7001 :: ('17756(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['microtubule associated protein 2']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The start of warm ischemic time (WIT) of donor lungs in donation after @entity204 (DCD) is not clearly defined. We investigated the effect of donor pre-mortem @entity551 and @entity519 to determine which physiologic factor is the determinant of WIT onset in controlled DCD lung transplantation. METHODS: Twenty mechanically-ventilated donor @entity1707 were placed in 4 groups (n = 5 each) and exposed to each of the pseudo-agonal conditions for 60 minutes: (1) control group, no intervention and optimum ventilation, followed by @entity1167 ; (2) @entity551 ( @entity551 ) group, controlled @entity551 to <50 mm Hg, followed by @entity1167 ; (3) @entity3316 ( @entity3316 ) group, ventilation with room air at 5 breaths/min, followed by @entity1167 ; (4) non-circulation (NC) group, initial @entity1167 , followed by a 60-minute standoff time. The lung graft was retrieved and the left lung was transplanted to the recipient. Graft function was evaluated for 4 hours after @entity358 . The reperfusion injury was evaluated based on tissue cytokine expression, wet weight-to-dry weight ratio, and histology at the end of the reperfusion period. RESULTS: Impaired post-transplant graft function was seen in the @entity3316 group, which had significantly poorer oxygenation during the reperfusion period than the other groups (p < 0.001). The @entity3316 group also had higher tissue levels of @entity35830 (p < 0.05), a higher wet weight-to-dry weight ratio (p < 0.05), and histologic findings of graft tissue injury than the control group. The difference in these parameters among the control, @entity551 , and NC groups was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Only pre-mortem @entity519 provoked by @entity3316 significantly impaired lung graft function in DCD lung transplantation. Ventilatory rather than circulatory deterioration can trigger the onset of warm @entity63 .

title: Effect of donor pre-mortem XXXX and @entity551 on graft function and start of warm @entity63 in donation after @entity204 lung transplantation.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['contralateral pulmonary artery ligation']

entities_list: @entity3316 :: ('MESH:D007040', 'Disease') :: ['hypoventilation', 'HV']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['HT', 'cardiac tamponade reducing systolic blood pressure', 'hypotension']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxia']


abstract: Natural killer cell (NK) activity, together with various nonspecific immunologic parameters, was measured preoperatively, and its changes induced by operative stress were examined in @entity356 @entity1 . Effect of administration of a nonspecific immunopotentiator, @entity1012 , was evaluated by postoperative changes in NK activity. Peripheral blood NK activity was measured by 51Cr-release assay against K-562 target cells. It was found that NK activity in the @entity356 @entity1 was significantly lower than that in healthy subjects. The reduction was specially marked in the cases of @entity5 at stages I and IV. NK activity in the cases with hepatic or peritoneal @entity3 was significantly lower than that in the cases without such @entity3 . NK activity in the cases of noncurative gastric resection or non-resection was significantly lower than that in the cases of curative gastric resection. NK activity in the cases of stage IV and "por" in histology was significantly lower than that in the cases of stage IV and "tub1" in histology. In the cases at stages I + II, there was a positive correlation between NK activity and IgG FcR(+) T cell ratio. There was a negative correlation between NK activity and alpha 2-globulin ratio and the correlation was especially significant in the cases at stages III + IV. In the cases at stages III + IV, receiving administration of @entity1012 only postoperatively, NK activity was significantly reduced or tended to be reduced at 1 through 4 week(s) postoperatively, while such a reduction was not seen in the cases receiving administration of @entity1012 pre- and postoperatively. This phenomenon was more marked in the cases showing a serum albumin level lower than 3.5 g/dl or in the cases undergoing operations longer than 4 hours in duration.

title: [Observation on natural killer cell activity in @entity356 XXXX and effect of nonspecific immunopotentiator administration on its postoperative reduction].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation is the most common chromosomal translocation in @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ), but the cytogenetic and immunophenotypic features of @entity1582 with t(11;14)(q13;q32) remain to be fully elucidated. To address the issue, we retrospectively analyzed 21 newly diagnosed @entity1582 @entity1 with the t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation in our institute. @entity2225 is a B-cell-specific transmembrane protein that is the topic of much focus as a potential target in immunotherapy. We observed a low incidence of @entity2225 expression (2 of 21 @entity1 , 11%), although the expression of @entity2225 was previously reported to be associated with t(11;14)(q13;q32). @entity5953 is an essential transcriptional factor involved in B-cell development and commitment, and is down-regulated upon plasma cell differentiation. We observed one @entity1 (6%) with expression of @entity5953 . The expression of @entity1075 , @entity2940 , and @entity13221 was detected in one (0.7%), nine (60%), and 13 @entity1 (87%), respectively. @entity4910 , @entity3053 , and @entity588 were detected in all @entity1 ; on the other hand, neither @entity4042 nor @entity57431 was detected in any of the evaluated @entity1 . Abnormalities of chromosome 13 were detected in six @entity1 (38%), but deletion of @entity876 was not observed in any of the evaluated @entity1 . Our results suggest the absence of @entity4042 and @entity57431 expression, and infrequent expression of @entity2225 , @entity5953 , and @entity2940 in @entity1582 with t(11;14)(q13;q32), in contrast to the findings of earlier reports. [J Clin Exp Hematop 55(3) : 137-143, 2015].

title: Cytogenetic Study and Analysis of Protein Expression in Plasma Cell Myeloma with t(11;14)(q13;q32): Absence of XXXX and @entity57431 , and Infrequent Expression of @entity2225 and @entity5953 .

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['plasma cell myeloma', 'PCM']

answer: @entity4042 :: (604,Gene) :: ['BCL6']


abstract: There is currently no standard technique to objectively quantify the microvascularization of @entity1313 . Fractal analysis has been proposed as a useful descriptor of @entity5 microvascularity. Standardization of the fractal analysis methodology could offer a new tool for this type of characterization. In this study, we applied fractal analysis to the characterization of the different angioarchitectures found in specimens of @entity463 multiforme (GBM), the most common and most malignant type of @entity1 @entity1313 . A retrospective series of 114 primary GBM specimens was carried out. To quantify neoplastic microvascularity, the level of two-dimensional geometrical complexity of the microvascular patterns was assessed using the box-counting algorithm, which estimates the microvascular fractal dimension (mvFD). mvFD makes information on the non-Euclidean space filled by vessels embedded in the @entity5 microenvironment available because it depends on vessel number, shape, magnitude and distribution pattern. A mean mvFD value of 1.44    0.17 (range: 1.06-1.87) was found. The coefficient of variation was 44%. The high geometric variability, found objectively, in these samples reflects the angioarchitectural heterogeneity underlying GBM. The present study shows that angioarchitectural subtypes can be identified by mvFD, making this parameter a potential tool for quantifying different neoplastic microvascular patterns.

title: Angioarchitectural heterogeneity in @entity1 XXXX multiforme: a fractal-based histopathological assessment.

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor', 'brain tumors']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['glioblastoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current knowledge of the aetiology of @entity0 in the four main South African population groups (black, coloured, Indian and white) is limited. Risk assessments in the black, coloured and Indian population groups are challenging because of restricted information regarding the underlying genetic contributions to @entity0 in these populations. We focused this study on premenopausal @entity1 (diagnosed with @entity0 before the age of 50; n   =   78) and @entity0 ( @entity0 ) @entity1 (n   =   30) from the four South African ethnic groups. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and spectrum of germline mutations in @entity5345 , @entity2674 and @entity9517 and to evaluate the presence of the @entity9516 @entity12096 allele in these @entity1 . METHODS: In total, 108 South African @entity0 @entity1 underwent mutation screening using a Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) approach in combination with Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) to detect large rearrangements in @entity5345 and @entity2674 . RESULTS: In 13 (12  %) @entity1 a deleterious mutation in @entity6069 was detected, three of which were novel mutations in black @entity1 . None of the study @entity1 was found to have an unequivocal pathogenic mutation in @entity9517 . Two (white) @entity1 tested positive for the @entity9516 @entity12096 mutation, however, one of these also carried a deleterious @entity2674 mutation. Additionally, six variants of unknown clinical significance were identified (4 in @entity2674 , 2 in @entity9517 ), all in black @entity1 . Within the group of @entity0 @entity1 , a higher mutation frequency was obtained (23.3  %; 7/30) than in the group of @entity1 diagnosed before the age of 50 (7.7  %; 6/78). CONCLUSION: This study highlights the importance of evaluating germline mutations in major @entity0 genes in all of the South African population groups. This NGS study shows that mutation analysis is warranted in South African @entity1 with triple negative and/or in @entity0 .

title: XXXX , @entity2674 and @entity9517 mutations and @entity9516 @entity12096 in different South African ethnic groups diagnosed with premenopausal and/or @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['inherited breast cancer', 'breast cancer', 'TNBC', 'hereditary breast cancer', 'triple negative breast cancer', 'premenopausal breast cancer']

answer: @entity5345 :: (672,Gene) :: ['BRCA1']


abstract: Successful results of palatal implants in the treatment of @entity27 ( @entity27 ) have been reported in the short term; however, there are limited data in the long-term results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term results and to determine factors that predicted the responders in @entity1 undergoing palatal implants in the treatment of @entity27 . A study was undertaken on 92 @entity27 @entity1 . Palatal implants were conducted to stiffen the soft palate and data were analyzed. @entity1 tolerated the procedure well. They were examined between 26 and 32 months after the operation (mean 28.9    4.8). Age range was 25-65 years (38.4    10.5) and BMI was 27.3    2.4 kg/m. The mean preoperative ESS score was 12.3    2.6 and long-term ESS was 7.9    1.8 (p < 0.001). The mean VAS for snoring in the baseline was 8.2    1.2 and long-term VAS was 3.8    2.3 (p < 0.001). The mean preoperative LSAT and long-term LSAT were 87.4    6.7 and 89.2    4.8%, respectively (p < 0.01). The mean AHI decreased from 21.7    6.8 to 10.8    4.8 (p < 0.001). Forty-eight (52.2%) @entity1 had long-term surgical response. Responders had significantly lower preoperative BMI, AHI, and MMP level than non-responders. Implant extrusion occurred in seven @entity1 (7.6%) and @entity2419 in one @entity1 (1.1%). Bleeding and @entity1224 were not encountered. Palatal implants in carefully selected @entity1 suffering from mild @entity27 , give fairly good long-term results and have a low complication rate.

title: Long-term results of palatal implants for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['palatal abscess']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['obstructive sleep apnea']


abstract: Some cases of @entity11511 ( @entity981 ) express markers found in natural-killer (NK) cells, such as @entity2940 and @entity4071 . Out of 84 T-cell @entity981 cases diagnosed at our Institution, @entity2940 and/or @entity4071 was detected in 24 (28.5%), which we designated T/NK- @entity981 group. Clinical features, laboratory characteristics, survival and expression of cytotoxic molecules were compared in T/NK- @entity981 and @entity11511 @entity1 . Significant differences were observed regarding age (24.9 vs. 16.4 years in T/NK- @entity981 and @entity11511 , respectively, P = 0.006) and platelet counts (177 x 10(9)/l vs. 75 x 10(9)/l in T/NK- @entity981 and @entity11511 , respectively, P = 0.03). Immunophenotypic analysis demonstrated that @entity2280 , CD45RA and @entity1116 were more expressed in T/NK- @entity981 @entity1 , whereas @entity405 and @entity10730 were more expressed in @entity11511 @entity1 (P < 0.05). The mean overall survival (863 vs. 1869 d, P = 0.02) and disease-free survival (855 vs. 2095 d, P = 0.002) were shorter in @entity1 expressing @entity2940 / @entity4071 . However, multivariate analysis identified @entity2940 / @entity4071 as an independent prognostic factor only for DFS. Cytotoxic molecules were highly expressed in T/NK- @entity981 compared to @entity11511 . Perforin, @entity10807 and @entity13433 were detected in 12/17, 4/17 and 7/24 T/NK- @entity981 @entity1 and in 1/20, 0/20 and 1/20 @entity11511 respectively (P < 0.001, P = 0.036 and P = 0.054). Therefore, the presence of @entity2940 / @entity4071 was associated with distinct clinical features and expression of cytotoxic molecules in the blasts.

title: The presence of @entity2940 / XXXX in @entity11511 correlates with the expression of cytotoxic molecules and is associated with worse response to treatment.

entities_list: @entity10730 :: ('1791', 'Gene') :: ['terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase']

entities_list: @entity11511 :: ('MESH:D054218', 'Disease') :: ['T-ALL', 'T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia']

answer: @entity4071 :: (2214,Gene) :: ['CD16']


abstract: @entity1352 with extensive osteoid production is rare. We report a case of @entity1352 of monophasic type with massive ossification. The diagnosis was confirmed by reverse-transcripitase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The @entity1 was an-81-year-old @entity1 with recurrent @entity1352 in her right knee. The @entity5 was primarily excised in 1989. It recurred and was removed again in 1996. However, in 1999 a painful mass appeared in the same site. Preoperative plain radiography and computed tomography revealed a 5 x 5 cm soft tissue mass with extensive ossification in the medial side of the right knee joint. The @entity5 was widely excised in 2000. Soft X-ray examination revealed a trabecular pattern of ossification in the excised @entity5 . Microscopically the @entity5 was composed of hypercellular spindle cells with @entity714 with prominent ossification but no epithelial component. The @entity5 cells were positive for @entity2277 and focally positive for cytokeratin. The @entity5 expressed a sequence of @entity22880 - @entity24983 fusion gene transcript demonstrated by RT-PCR. Twelve years long survival of the present case without @entity3 in spite of repeated recurrence suggests a better prognosis of @entity1352 with ossification.

title: XXXX with massive ossification--a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['fascicular arrangement']

entities_list: @entity1352 :: ('MESH:D013584', 'Disease') :: ['synovial sarcomas', 'synovial sarcoma', 'Synovial sarcoma']

answer: @entity1352 :: (MESH:D013584,Disease) :: ['Synovial sarcoma']


abstract: Non-enzymic glycation of collagen involves a series of complex reactions ultimately leading to the formation of intermolecular cross-links resulting in changes in its physical properties. During analysis for the fluorescent cross-link @entity23032 we identified the presence of an additional component (Cmpd K) in both @entity413 and @entity8690 incubations. Cmpd K was formed more quickly than @entity23032 in @entity413 incubations and more slowly than @entity23032 in @entity8690 incubations. Cmpd K represented 45% of the total fluorescence compared with 15% for @entity23032 in @entity413 incubations and 25% of the total fluorescence compared with 30% for @entity23032 in the @entity8690 incubations. Cmpd K is not an artefact of in vitro incubations, as it was shown to be present in dermal tissue from @entity6 @entity1 . Subsequent high-resolution h.p.l.c. analysis of @entity413 -incubated collagen revealed Cmpd K comprise two components ( @entity8759 ). Further, a similar analysis of Cmpd K from the @entity8690 incubations revealed two different components (K3 and K4). These differences indicate alternative mechanisms for the reactions of @entity413 and @entity8690 with collagen. The amounts of these fluorescent components and the @entity23032 cross-link determined for both @entity413 and @entity8690 glycation were found to be far too low (about one @entity23032 molecules per 200 collagen molecules after 6 months incubation with @entity413 ) to account for the extensive cross-linking responsible for the changes in physical properties, suggesting that a further additional series of cross-links are formed. We have analysed the non-fluorescent high-molecular-mass components and identified a new component that increases with time of in vitro incubation and is present in the skin of @entity6 @entity1 . This component is present in sufficient quantities (estimated at one cross-link per two collagen molecules) to account for the changes in physical properties occurring in vitro.

title: Non-enzymic glycation of fibrous collagen: reaction products of XXXX and @entity8690 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity23032 :: ('CHEBI:59951', 'Chemical') :: ['pentosidine']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity384 is an accepted method for the treatment of @entity1318 , this therapy has high recurrence and complication rates, and prolonged follow-up studies on the parameters associated with various outcomes are rare. In this prospective 10-year follow-up study, a satisfactory therapeutic effect was achieved without serious complications. We report the therapeutic experience with @entity384 , having aimed to evaluate the long-term clinical safety and efficacy of @entity384 .In total, 35 consecutive @entity1 with idiopathic @entity1318 who underwent @entity384 were followed up at regular intervals in @entity1 or by a phone interview over a 10-year period. The mean duration of the follow-up was 43.03  26.34 months (range 6-120 months). Remission was assessed by the @entity1282 classification and symptom scores. @entity1 ' clinical symptom scores were calculated before and at 6 to 36months, 37 to 60months, and >60months after therapy. The influence of the @entity1 ' age, gender, and disease duration on the therapeutic effect was analyzed.The success rate of the operation was 97.2% (35/36), without massive @entity548 , perforation or other serious complications. @entity1282 after the therapy was significantly eased (P<0.01). In total, 35 @entity1 have been followed up for 6 to 36months after therapy, 21 cases for 37 to 60months, and 5 cases for >60months, and the @entity1 ' symptom scores separately decreased significantly compared with the pretherapy scores (P<0.01). For these @entity1 , the 6 to 36months remission rate was 85.7% (30/35), the 37 to 60months rate was 61.9% (13/21), and the >60months rate was 40% (2/5). The dilation effect had no relationship to the @entity1 's age, gender, and disease duration (P>0.05). The @entity1 in 30 cases (85.7%) were successfully treated with a single dilation, in 4 cases (11.4%) with 2 dilations, and in 1 case (2.9%) with 3 dilations.These results suggest that endoscopic @entity384 is an @entity1318 therapy with a good response; it is a simple and safe procedure with long-term clinical effectiveness. It is a preferred method in the treatment of @entity1318 .

title: Clinical Effect of Endoscopic Pneumatic Dilation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1318 :: ('MESH:D004931', 'Disease') :: ['achalasia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'person']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhaging']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['pneumatic dilation']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['Dysphagia', 'dysphagia']

answer: @entity1318 :: (MESH:D004931,Disease) :: ['Achalasia']


abstract: @entity463 is the most malignant and most common primary @entity1313 and is treated with resection followed by post-operative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, a significant amount of @entity1 are older than 80 years, and such an approach may not be appropriate. Data on @entity1 aged 80 or older with @entity463 from two hospitals was collected using the CNS @entity5 Database on the Australian Comprehensive Cancer Outcomes and Research Database (ACCORD) system operated by BioGrid. Between 2008 and July 2011, 40 @entity1 aged 80 years or older were diagnosed with @entity463 . The median ECOG PS was 2 and the ASA score was 3. All 40 @entity1 underwent surgery and 33% had a gross total resection. Only six @entity1 (15%) had either post-operative radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The overall median survival was 4 months (range 0-18 months) and 28% of @entity1 lived between 6 and 24 months. This is the largest reported cohort of very elderly @entity1 with @entity463 . @entity1 tolerated surgery but few went on to receive post-operative radiotherapy or chemotherapy. This @entity1 population requires special attention and in particular would benefit from participation in suitable clinical trials to determine the best care regime.

title: XXXX multiforme in the very elderly.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma', 'Glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumour']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['Glioblastoma']


abstract: @entity310 ( @entity7790 ) is a potent mitogenic factor which acts by binding to the epidermal growth factor (EGF). @entity1722 is a member of the EGF receptor family and is known to be associated with cellular growth and differentiation. The roles played by these factors in @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ) are not clearly known. In the present study, expression of these factors was investigated immunohistochemically in frozen and @entity406 fixed prostate tissues from subjects suffering from @entity1067 . Intracytoplasmic localization of @entity7790 was observed in the epithelium of nine out of 39 (23.07%) cases. Twenty-six out of 36 (72.22%) frozen @entity1067 tissues exhibited moderate to strong staining for immunoreactive @entity470 in the cell membrane. @entity1722 oncoprotein was localized in 35 out of 39 cases (89.74%) with the intensity of staining being variable. All nine cases positive for @entity7790 were also positive for both @entity470 and @entity1722 protein. Staining reaction had no correlation with the serum @entity251 , prostate specific acid phosphatase and @entity1486 levels. Immunohistochemical studies indicate the expression of @entity7790 , EGF receptor and @entity1722 protein in @entity1067 tissues. Further study is required to elucidate the precise roles played by these factors in benign growth of prostates.

title: Immunohistochemical localization of @entity310 , XXXX and @entity1722 protein in hyperplastic human prostates.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity310 :: ('7124', 'Gene') :: ['Transforming growth factor-alpha']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia', 'BPH']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate specific antigen']

answer: @entity470 :: (1956,Gene) :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The trend toward day-case surgery, with discharge on oral medication, has highlighted the need for effective and safe analgesics that facilitate a rapid recovery and discharge time. This study evaluated the analgesic efficacy, dose dependency, duration of action, and safety of the @entity3840 specific inhibitor, @entity17852 , administered before oral or orthopedic surgery. METHODS: Eligible healthy adult @entity1 were scheduled to undergo either extraction of two impacted third molar teeth (n = 284) or bunionectomy surgery (n = 223) with local anesthesia in two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies conducted at three centers in the United States. @entity1 received a single, preoperatively administered oral dose of placebo or 10 (oral surgery only), 20, 40, or 80 mg @entity17852 . Analgesic efficacy was assessed postoperatively, over a 24-h treatment period, or until the @entity1 required rescue medication. Efficacy measures included time to rescue medication, proportion of @entity1 requiring such rescue, @entity158 intensity, and the @entity1 's Global Evaluation of Study Medication. RESULTS: In both studies, all doses of @entity17852 produced @entity1337 with a duration (time to rescue @entity1337 ) and magnitude ( @entity158 Intensity, @entity1 's Global Evaluation) significantly greater than placebo. A dose-dependent effect was observed up to 40 mg @entity17852 , with an 80-mg dose providing no additional analgesic benefit. In both models, all doses of @entity17852 were well tolerated, with no clinically significant treatment-related gastrointestinal, renal, or platelet-derived adverse events, and no evidence of a dose-related increase in adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative orally administered @entity17852 provides well-tolerated and effective @entity1337 for mild to moderate @entity282 .

title: A single preoperative oral dose of @entity17852 , a new XXXX specific inhibitor, relieves post-oral surgery or bunionectomy @entity158 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity17852 :: ('MESH:C406224', 'Chemical') :: ['valdecoxib']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity3840 :: (5743,Gene) :: ['cyclooxygenase-2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: High-risk @entity1 papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) can be detected in a proportion of @entity1489 . Data on prevalence are inconclusive, but are essential to estimate the relevance of HR-HPV, particularly with regard to prophylactic HPV vaccines for @entity1489 prevention. METHODS: High-risk @entity1082 DNA was investigated in 140 non-melanoma @entity272 from 54 immunocompetent @entity1 and 33 immunosuppressed renal allograft recipients. Expression of @entity986 ( @entity986 ), a marker for HR-HPV oncogene expression in the uterine cervix, and of @entity876 and @entity996 was evaluated immunohistochemically. RESULTS: The highest prevalence of HR-HPV was found in @entity1544 ( @entity1544 ) (46.2% (6 out of 13) in immunosuppressed and 23.5% (4 out of 17) in immunocompetent @entity1 ). High-risk @entity1082 positivity was accompanied by diffuse @entity986 ( @entity986 ) expression in most @entity1544 (P<0.001) and @entity5702 (P=0.02), while almost all @entity1544 in situ were @entity986 ( @entity986 ) positive irrespective of HR-HPV presence (P=0.66). Diffuse @entity986 ( @entity986 ) expression was associated with lack of @entity996 expression (P=0.001). @entity876 was strongly expressed in 40.0% (56 out of 140) of the lesions irrespective of HR-HPV presence. CONCLUSION: High-risk @entity1082 can be detected in lesions of keratinised squamous epithelia. The association of HR-HPV with diffuse @entity986 ( @entity986 ) expression might indicate HR-HPV oncogene expression in a proportion of lesions. Overexpression of @entity876 suggests @entity876 pathway alterations in @entity75 .

title: High-risk @entity1082 in non-melanoma XXXX from renal allograft recipients and immunocompetent @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['HR-HPV-positive and -negative lesions']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancer', 'non-melanoma skin cancers']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell cancer', 'SCC']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus']

entities_list: @entity5702 :: ('MESH:D018295', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell cancers']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['skin lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Metastatic @entity14 is frequently treated with @entity2600 , a topoisomerase-I inhibitor. The @entity6912 gene encodes for an enzyme that metabolizes @entity2600 , and its genetic variants were shown to be associated with increased @entity137 . We evaluated clinical outcomes associated with the @entity6912 *28 variant. METHODS: The study included 329 @entity14 @entity1 from the Israeli population-based Molecular Epidemiology of @entity14 who were treated with a chemotherapy regimen that included @entity2600 . @entity1 with @entity3 or disease recurrence were followed up for a median period of 2 years after occurrence of the event. Study end points were appearance of grade 3-4 hematological and gastroenterological @entity137 , hospitalization due to toxic events (mostly @entity1398 , @entity221 , @entity294 , or @entity391 ), length of hospitalization, and overall survival. @entity6912 *28 was genotyped from peripheral blood DNA by fragment analysis and reported as number of TATA sequence repeats in the promoter of the gene. RESULTS: The 7/7 variant of @entity6912 *28 was detected in 11.9% of the 329 @entity1 . Grade 3-4 hematological @entity137 was significantly higher in 7/7 carriers compared with 6/7 and 6/6 carriers (48.0%,10.2%, and 7.7% respectively; P < .001), as was the risk of @entity137 -related hospitalization (45.8%, 25.3%, and 14.4% respectively; P = .001). Both short-term @entity204 within 2 months of treatment start (12.8%, 5.2%, and 2.9%, respectively) and median overall survival (1.6, 2.0, and 2.4 years, respectively; P = .01) were significantly worse in the 7/7 carriers. The age/stage-adjusted hazard ratio for @entity1 with the 7/7 genotype compared with 6/6 was 1.7 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.3). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity6912 *28 7/7 genotype is strongly associated with severe hematological @entity137 and higher hospitalization rate and predicts lower survival of @entity14 in users of @entity2600 .

title: Clinical implications of @entity6912 *28 genotype testing in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['drug toxicity', 'toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal Cancer study', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: Phospholipase D ( @entity71072 ) activity per mg protein of whole homogenate increased 5.1 fold between Embryonic (E) day 17 and Postpartum (P) day 14 and slightly decreased by P 30 days. This was due to the decrease of @entity71072 activity of the P2 fraction. The @entity71072 activity of P2 and P3 fractions increased 11.2 and 6.1 fold respectively between E 17 and P 14. The 3 base exchange enzyme ( @entity5157 ) activities per mg protein of whole homogenate increased up to P 14 or P 21 and then decreased. This decrease was greater in the P2 fraction and the P3 fraction increased after P 14. Brains from 1 day to 25 month old @entity35 were dissected into 7 separate regions and both @entity71072 and @entity5157 activities were measured. In adult @entity35 , the hippocampus and @entity2339 had the highest @entity71072 activities while medulla + pons and cerebellum had the lowest @entity71072 activities. The developmental patterns of 5 regions except for hippocampus and @entity2339 were similar. @entity71072 activity in the hippocampus was maximum at P 7 followed by a steep decrease till P 30 suggesting that the @entity71072 activity of the @entity2339 develops later and that of the hippocampus develops earlier than any other region. The distributions of @entity5157 activities were quite different from those of @entity71072 activities. In adult @entity35 , the cerebellum had the highest activity while the striatum and medulla + pons had the lowest. The @entity5157 activities of cerebellum were lowest at P 1 and showed steep increase during the next 2 weeks.

title: Developmental changes and regional distribution of phospholipase D and base exchange enzyme activities in XXXX brain.

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamus']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECTIVE To use whole genome sequencing to describe the likely origin of an outbreak of @entity796 in a neonatal unit. DESIGN Outbreak investigation. SETTING The neonatal intensive care unit service of a major obstetric tertiary referral center. @entity1 @entity1 admitted to the neonatal unit who developed @entity796 colonization or @entity281 . METHODS We undertook whole genome sequencing of @entity796 strains isolated from colonized @entity1 and from the neonatal unit environment. RESULTS Eighteen @entity1 were colonized with @entity796 . Isolates from 12 @entity1 and 7 environmental samples were sequenced. All but one of the clinical isolates clustered in ST253 and no differences were detected between unmapped reads. The environmental isolates revealed a variety of sequence types, indicating a large diverse bioburden within the unit, which was subsequently confirmed via enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus         polymerase chain reaction typing of post-outbreak isolates. One environmental isolate, obtained from a sink in the unit, clustered within ST253 and differed from the outbreak strain by 9 single-nucleotide polymorphisms only. This information allowed us to focus @entity281 control activities on this sink. CONCLUSIONS Whole genome sequencing can provide detailed information in a clinically relevant time frame to aid management of outbreaks in critical @entity1 management areas. The superior discriminatory power of this method makes it a powerful tool in @entity281 control. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015;00(0):1         7.

title: Whole Genome Sequencing in Real-Time Investigation and Management of a XXXX Outbreak on a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'PATIENTS', 'infants', 'Infants']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P. aeruginosa']

answer: @entity796 :: (287,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']


abstract: Chemotherapy with @entity2600 and low-dose @entity900 was tested for the treatment of metastatic @entity14 showing resistance to @entity1487 . Eleven consecutive @entity1 with advanced metastatic @entity14 (performance status: 0 to 2), who had shown @entity5 progression on chemotherapy with @entity1487 / @entity4181 , were treated with @entity2600 (60 mg/m2) plus @entity900 (6 mg/m2) by 90-min intravenous infusion. Treatment was repeated weekly for 3 weeks during admission and then fortnightly on an outpatient basis. Objective responses were observed in four @entity1 (36%; 95% confidence interval: 11%-69%). The median duration of response was 5.5 months and six @entity1 are still alive. The time to disease progression was longer in the no change group (7.0+/-3.6 months: mean +/- SD) than in the responder group (5.5+/-1.9 months), and there was no difference of median survival between the two groups (10.0 versus 10.3 months). The overall median survival was 8.2 months (range: 4 to 12+ months). This treatment was well tolerated. Six @entity1 experienced grade 1 or 2 @entity1210 , while grade I @entity294 and @entity390 occurred in three and five @entity1 , respectively. Based on the good response, excellent quality of life, and convenience, the present regimen seems to be reasonable second-line outpatient chemotherapy for @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 showing resistance to @entity1487 .

title: Outpatient therapy with XXXX and low-dose @entity900 for metastatic @entity14 resistant to @entity1487 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan hydrochloride', 'irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['leucopenia']

answer: @entity2600 :: (MESH:C051890,Chemical) :: ['irinotecan']


abstract: Bacterial fructosyltransferase (FTF) enzymes synthesize fructan polymers from @entity969 . FTFs catalyse two different reactions, depending on the nature of the acceptor, resulting in: (i) transglycosylation, when the growing fructan chain (polymerization), or mono- and oligosaccharides (oligosaccharide synthesis), are used as the acceptor substrate; (ii) hydrolysis, when water is used as the acceptor. @entity6374 121 levansucrase (Lev) and inulosucrase (Inu) enzymes are closely related at the @entity535 sequence level (86 % similarity). Also, the eight @entity535 residues known to be involved in catalysis and/or @entity969 binding are completely conserved. Nevertheless, these enzymes differ markedly in their reaction and product specificities, i.e. in beta(2-->6)- versus beta(2-->1)-glycosidic-bond specificity (resulting in levan and inulin synthesis, respectively), and in the ratio of hydrolysis versus transglycosylation activities [resulting in @entity413 and fructooligosaccharides (FOSs)/polymer synthesis, respectively]. The authors report a detailed characterization of the transglycosylation reaction products synthesized by the Lb. @entity6374 121 Lev and Inu enzymes from @entity969 and related oligosaccharide substrates. Lev mainly converted @entity969 into a large levan polymer (processive reaction), whereas Inu synthesized mainly a broad range of FOSs of the inulin type (non-processive reaction). Interestingly, the two FTF enzymes were also able to utilize various inulin-type FOSs ( @entity44627 , 1,1-nystose and @entity71502 ) as substrates, catalysing a disproportionation reaction; to the best of our knowledge, this has not been reported for bacterial FTF enzymes. Based on these data, a model is proposed for the organization of the sugar-binding subsites in the two Lb. @entity6374 121 FTF enzymes. This model also explains the catalytic mechanism of the enzymes, and differences in their product specificities.

title: The levansucrase and inulosucrase enzymes of XXXX 121 catalyse processive and non-processive transglycosylation reactions.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity6374 :: ('1598', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus reuteri', 'reuteri']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6374 :: (1598,Species) :: ['Lactobacillus reuteri']


abstract: The effect of a preceding brief interruption in the illumination of a small numeral eight on the @entity2167 was investigated in @entity1 subjects. In Exp. 1 (n = 9) trials were given in which a 20-msec. interruption of the visual stimulus preceded elicitation of the @entity427 blink by a loud tone at intervals from 80 to 200 msec. Compared to trials on which the digit was continuously lit but the reflex was elicited, the blink was augmented at 80 msec. and @entity308 at longer intervals. Exp. 2 (n = 24) showed that the @entity308 effect peaked at about 200 msec. and did not depend upon requiring subjects to make judgements concerning the stimuli. In Exp. 3 (n = 17) dark intervals ranged from 1.25 msec. to 40 msec. and preceded the loud tone by 200 msec. Reflex effects paralleled subjects' reports: dark intervals of 10 msec. or greater reliably inhibited the reflex and subjects reported seeing the dark interval at least 50% of the time at intervals of 8 msec. or greater, suggesting that the reflex method may be useful as an alternative objective technique for measuring visual temporal resolution.

title: Reflex modification by the XXXX @entity2167 by antecedent interruption of a visual stimulus.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed', 'depressive']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['auditory startle blink']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: In previous studies, we have shown that ultraviolet (UV) B radiation perturbs the @entity1412 function of Langerhans cells (LC) by interfering with as-yet unidentified co-stimulatory signals. Recently, @entity12750 on @entity1412 were shown to deliver important co-stimulatory signals through interaction with their counter receptors @entity1361 and @entity4386 on T cells. To determine whether UVB affects the functional expression of @entity7938 or @entity2937 on LC, @entity12750 expression was studied on @entity1 LC by multiparameter flow cytometry. Little, if any, @entity7938 or @entity2937 was detected on LC freshly isolated from skin. However, following 48 h of tissue culture, expression of both @entity12750 were markedly up-regulated. To test whether these molecules were functional, primary mixed epidermal cell leukocyte reactions (MECLR) were performed. Blocking monoclonal antibody (mAb) to @entity7938 or @entity2937 both inhibited the MECLR, with anti- @entity2937 being much more effective than anti- @entity7938 . UVB radiation dose-dependently (100-200 J/m2) suppressed the culture-induced up-regulation of @entity7938 and @entity2937 on LC. Since LC exposed to the same UVB flux (UVB-LC) failed to stimulate alloreactive T cells in a MECLR, we questioned whether this was related to their inability to provide B7 co-stimulation. Indeed, when effective B7- @entity1361 signaling was ascertained by adding submitogenic doses of exogenous anti- @entity1361 mAb to UVB-LC, the proliferative response of alloreactive T cells was restored. We conclude that the suppressive effects of low-dose UVB radiation on the @entity1412 function of LC are, at least in part, due to an inhibition of functional @entity12750 expression.

title: Low-dose UVB radiation perturbs the functional expression of XXXX co-stimulatory molecules on @entity1 Langerhans cells.

answer: @entity12750 :: (941;942,Gene) :: ['B7.1 and B7.2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Current National @entity5 Network guidelines for @entity0 staging include pre-treatment complete blood count (CBC) and liver function tests (LFT) to screen for occult metastatic disease. To date, the relevance of these tests in detecting metastatic disease in asymptomatic @entity1 with @entity0 (Stage I/II) has not been demonstrated. Although chest x-rays are no longer recommended in the NCCN guidelines, many centers continue to include this imaging as part of their screening process. We aim to determine the clinical and financial impact of these labs and x-rays in the evaluation of @entity0 @entity1 . A single institution IRB-approved retrospective chart review was conducted of @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity0 treated from January 1, 2005-December 31, 2009. We collected @entity1 demographics, clinical and pathologic staging, chest x-ray, CBC, and LFT results at the time of referral. @entity1 were stratified according to radiographic stage at the time of diagnosis. We obtained Medicare reimbursement fees for cost analysis. From 2005 to 2009, 1609 @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity0 were treated at our institution. Of the 1082 @entity1 with radiographic stage I/II disease, 27.3  % of @entity1 had abnormal CBCs. No additional testing was performed to evaluate these abnormalities. In the early-stage population, 24.7  % of @entity1 had elevated LFTs, resulting in 84 additional imaging studies. No metastatic disease was detected. The cost of CBC, LFTs and chest x-rays was  110.20 per @entity1 , totaling  106,410.99. Additional tests prompted by abnormal results cost  58,143.30 over the five-year period. We found that pre-treatment CBCs, LFTs, and chest x-rays did not improve detection of occult metastatic disease but resulted in additional financial costs. Avoiding routine ordering of these tests would save the US healthcare system  25.7 million annually.

title: Complete blood counts, liver function tests, and chest x-rays as routine screening in XXXX : value added or just cost?

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Comprehensive Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'early-stage breast cancer', 'invasive breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['early-stage breast cancer']


abstract: No relevant deficiency of @entity11524 or genetic polymorphisms could thus far consistently be associated with @entity1211 . We hypothesized that the substrates of the @entity11524 protein, including FVII or FX (rather than the protein itself) could induce a @entity49 state. We created a novel TF-based clotting assay that evaluated the anticoagulant response to exogenously added recombinant @entity11524 . The response to @entity11524 was expressed as the ratio of the clotting time with and with-out @entity11524 . By using 118 healthy controls, we established a reference range between 1.31 and 1.93 (mean value +/-2 standard deviations (SD), 1.62 +/-0.31). We then evaluated samples from 120 @entity1 with a history of @entity1211 but no evidence of hereditary and acquired @entity49 . The range Coagulation Laboratory, Division of Haematology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland of the @entity1 ' ratios was significantly (P < 0.001) lower, falling between 1.2 and 1.78 (mean value +/-2 SD, 1.49 +/-0.29). Of the 120 @entity1 , 39 (32.5%) had a @entity11524 sensitivity ratio below the 10th percentile of the controls, compared with 11 (9.3%) of the healthy controls. The crude odds ratio for @entity49 for subjects with a @entity11524 sensitivity ratio below the 10th percentile was 13 (95% CI; range, 3.1 to 54.9) compared with those with a ratio above 1.8 (90th percentile). @entity1 with idiopathic @entity1031 did not have a decreased @entity11524 sensitivity ratio more often than @entity1 with @entity715 with a circumstantial risk factor. Based on these results, a reduced response to @entity11524 may lead to an increased risk of @entity49 .

title: Decreased anticoagulant response to tissue factor pathway inhibitor in @entity1 with XXXX and otherwise no evidence of hereditary or acquired @entity49 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis', 'hypercoagulable', 'thrombophilia']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['venous thromboembolism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inhaled @entity230 have been studied for both prevention and treatment of @entity2107 ( @entity2107 ). Results have been inconsistent. Recently, a large @entity23 ( @entity23 ) has been reported. METHODS/DESIGN: We will perform a comprehensive systematic literature search for randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials that studied the efficacy and safety of inhaled @entity288 administered to preterm @entity1 (22-36  weeks) for either the prevention or treatment of @entity2107 diagnosed by both clinical and physiological outcome criteria. We will assess potential risk of bias for each @entity23 meeting our selection criteria using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for RCTs. The primary outcome of interest will be mortality or @entity2107 or both at 28  days postnatal age or 36  weeks postmenstrual age. Pooled estimates will be calculated using RevMan software with a random effects model as primary analysis. We will assess the quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. DISCUSSION: Meta-analytic estimates of eligible RCTs, potentially including a new large @entity23 , may significantly influence neonatal practice in the prevention and treatment of respiratory problems in preterm @entity1 . SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42015019628.

title: Use of inhaled @entity288 for the prevention and/or treatment of XXXX in preterm @entity1 : a systematic review protocol.

entities_list: @entity2107 :: ('MESH:D001997', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopulmonary dysplasia', 'BPD']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['RCT', 'randomized controlled trial']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity2107 :: (MESH:D001997,Disease) :: ['bronchopulmonary dysplasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare @entity358 ( @entity358 ) volume to head circumference ratios (CVRs) determined by different imaging modalities and calculation techniques. METHODS: Fetal thoracic lesion images by ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were retrospectively reviewed and the CVRs were calculated. The CVR(US) was determined by the standard method. The CVR(MRI) was calculated from T2-weighted sequences (HASTE/SSH-TSE) in two ways, dimensional measurements analogous to US technique (MRI-D) and by using a MRI-software calculated volume (MRI-V). CVR values between methods were compared using Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank testing, Bland-Altman analyses, and Spearman correlations. RESULTS: Appropriate images were available to compare CVR(US) to CVR(MRI-D) for 20 @entity1 and CVR(US) to CVR(MRI-V) for 18 @entity1 . There were no significant differences in CVR values between modalities. By Bland-Altman analyses, the CVR measurements were largely within the limits of agreement: 18 of 20 for CVR(MRI-D) and 17 of 18 for CVR(MRI-V), with a slight bias towards larger measurements by MRI. CONCLUSIONS: Though values varied between modalities for individual @entity1 , there was no systematic difference in CVRs determined by US or MRI. Fetal prognostic category for CPAMs did not change based on MRI in any @entity1 in this series.

title: Comparison of XXXX volume ratios calculated by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['congenital pulmonary airway malformation', 'CPAM']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['congenital pulmonary airway malformation']


abstract: The use of targeted biologic agents in combination with chemotherapy has increased the overall survival (OS) of metastatic @entity14 (mCRC) to 23.5 months. With the assistance of @entity984 ( @entity984 ) mutational status, the subgroup population resistant to the inhibition of @entity470 ( @entity470 ) by monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) can be identified. However, only up to a third of the @entity984 wild-type subpopulation respond to @entity470 inhibition. Multiple factors, including relatively low response rates and high costs for targeted agents, are driving the search to identify further biomarkers within the @entity470 /Ras/ @entity8496 / @entity8047 / @entity3963 and @entity983 /PIP3/AKT signaling pathways. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is a key player in @entity5 angiogenesis and the target for the MoAb bevacizumab, which is currently licensed for use in mCRC. Despite numerous studies, an equivalent predictive biomarker for bevacizumab has not been identified. Preclinical work indicates that inhibition of the @entity2856 ( @entity2856 ) pathway stops cellular transformation and @entity5 regression, thus identifying this pathway as a strong potential target for anticancer drug development and the identification of novel biomarkers. This review focuses on research relating to the roles of biomarkers within the EGF, @entity7 , and IGF receptor pathways. The molecules @entity984 , @entity817 , @entity8497 , @entity983 , PIP3, @entity7 , @entity2856 , and @entity2301 are discussed. Currently, @entity984 is the only biomarker used in clinical practice for mCRC. Pending the results of ongoing and future studies, additional biomarkers will be tested, tailoring our approach to targeted therapy in mCRC.

title: Predictive and prognostic biomarkers for targeted therapy in metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF', 'Vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity2301 :: ('3486', 'Gene') :: ['IGF binding protein 3']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity2856 :: ('3480', 'Gene') :: ['IGF-1R', 'insulin growth factor receptor', 'IGFR']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']