abstract: UNASSIGNED: 5126 Background: Although the majority of @entity1 with advanced @entity43 will recur, there is no standard regimen for these @entity1 . We evaluated @entity137 and number of chemotherapy courses for recurrent @entity43 . METHODS: Since 1991, sixty-five @entity1 with recurrent @entity43 have received chemotherapy. Of 65 @entity1 , 16 @entity1 had more than 10 courses of same regimen of @entity1311 or @entity3003 as the second or the third or the forth line chemotherapy. Retrospective chart view was performed and clinical data obtained. @entity137 and disease status were assessed in all @entity1 . RESULTS: Median age of the @entity1 is 57 y.o.( range 35 to 69). Eleven @entity1 had @entity902 based chemotherapy without @entity1311 and 5 @entity1 received @entity902 plus @entity1311 chemothrapy as the first line therapy. Median interval from the end of the first line chemotherapy to recurrence was 12 months (range 1-108 months). Three @entity1 received single agent @entity3003 for 12, 23 and 63+ courses. Fourteen @entity1 received 10 to 52+ courses of @entity1311 (median 17). Nine @entity1 received @entity1311 and @entity3003 altanatively. The median follow-up duration was 41 months (range: 9-126). Eight @entity1 are alive with disease and continuing chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Today, we do not have standard regimen for recurrent @entity43 and many new drugs are under clinical study. At time of last follow up, upto 63 courses of @entity3003 and upto 52 courses of @entity1311 therapy were possible. @entity3003 and @entity1311 is widely used as the first line chemotherapy and the @entity137 are well known. Then these drugs are familiar and easy to use for clinicians. For some group of recurrent @entity1 , those two drugs are also effective and tolerable to use for multiple courses as single agent for a long duration and contribute to prolongate these @entity1 life. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: How long is it possible to continue the chemotherapy for recurrent XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboplatin', 'carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: The aim of the study was to assess the early results of @entity1028 resection in relation to cardiac and other operative risk factors, assess the magnitude of the procedure, and evaluate longer-term postoperative rehabilitation; 176 @entity1 (mean age 67,1 years) were assessed, of whom 160 (90,9%) had operations. Using the multifactorial index of cardiac risk in non-cardiac surgical procedures (Goldman) the majority fell into the low-risk category (groups I and II). Other risk factors evaluated were @entity1576 , @entity177 , @entity101 and @entity6 . The majority of these @entity1 had @entity1011 clearance rates of less than 50% of the theoretical normal rate for age. Of 7 postoperative deaths (operative mortality rate 4,4%) 4 followed @entity583 , and all the latter @entity1 fell into cardiac risk grade III. The other risk factors did not significantly influence the mortality or complication rates. The highest complication rate occurred in @entity1 who underwent aortic bifurcation graft placement and the lowest in @entity1 who underwent simple infrarenal tube grafting. Of 153 survivors, 10 have been lost to follow-up and 141 have returned to full activity. In conclusion, the cardiac risk index used is a valuable predictor of operative risk. If the @entity1 survives surgery, excellent longer-term rehabilitation can be expected.

title: XXXX resection--operative risk and long-term results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory disease']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['Abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Angiographic embolization (AE) is a safe and effective method for controlling @entity548 in both blunt and penetrating @entity99 . Improved survival after @entity99 has been documented using a multimodality approach; however, @entity1 still have significant long-term morbidity. This study examines further the role of AE in both blunt and penetrating @entity99 and the outcomes of its use. METHODS: The medical records of 37 consecutive @entity1 admitted from 1995 to 2002 to a Level I @entity130 center who underwent hepatic angiography with the intent to embolize were reviewed. Demographic and clinical information including Injury Severity Score, length of stay, mortality, intra-abdominal complications, admission physiologic variables, and the number and type of abdominal operations performed were collected. RESULTS: Thirty-seven @entity1 underwent hepatic angiography and 26 @entity1 had @entity99 performed. Eleven @entity1 underwent early-AE, immediately after computed tomographic scanning, and 15 underwent late-AE, after liver-related operations or later in their hospital course. There was a 27% mortality rate overall. There were 11 liver-related complications in the 26 embolizations. Excluding the early deaths, the associated morbidity was 58%, which included @entity99 , @entity99 , and @entity1157 . CONCLUSION: There is increasing adjunctive use of AE in @entity1 managed both operatively and nonoperatively. @entity1320 are common in these salvaged @entity1 with severe @entity99 . Those @entity1 that underwent early-AE received significantly fewer blood transfusions and more commonly had sterile hepatic collections. Only 26% of @entity1 required liver-related surgery after AE. Therefore, the integration of AE as an adjunctive modality for @entity1 with high-grade @entity99 is a safe and effective therapeutic option.

title: Angiographic embolization for XXXX : low mortality, high morbidity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1157 :: ('MESH:D001649', 'Disease') :: ['bile leaks']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['Intra-abdominal complications']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injuries', 'hepatic abscesses', 'hepatic injuries', 'hepatic embolization', 'hepatic necrosis']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['liver injuries']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Abdominal computed tomographic scanning (ACTS) has recently been shown to be an accurate diagnostic tool for @entity698 and may improve the negative exploration rate in our @entity1 population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 224 @entity1 evaluated for @entity698 during 1998. Forty-two @entity1 underwent appendectomy on clinical grounds alone (Group I), 182 @entity1 underwent ACTS (Group II), and 79 @entity1 in Group II were explored for @entity698 . Diagnostic errors, alternative diagnoses, and perforation rates were noted. RESULTS: There were five negative explorations in Group I (11.9%) and five in Group II (6.3%), resulting in a combined negative rate of 8.3%. The negative exploration rate in @entity1 was 23.5% in Group I and 5.3% in Group II (P = 0.07), producing a combined negative rate of 10.9%. Fifty-eight alternative diagnoses were made by ACTS. The ACTS made a critical difference in the management of 67% of @entity1 over 50 years of age and in 79% of Group II @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The negative exploration rate for @entity698 at our institution fell from 13.6 to 8.3% with selective use of ACTS. The most striking benefit occurred in @entity1 and in @entity1 over 50 years of age.

title: Impact of abdominal CT imaging on the management of XXXX : an update.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis']

answer: @entity698 :: (MESH:D001064,Disease) :: ['appendicitis']


abstract: Surgery for @entity189 and @entity418 represents potentially curative therapy in early stage of @entity5 . In the advanced stage of @entity5 palliation is the only remaining therapeutic aim. In a retrospective study covering the period 1984-1992 we analyzed 51 @entity1 who underwent surgery for esophageal or @entity5 to determine whether palliation by surgery is feasible. We also analyzed morbidity and mortality of peri- and @entity260 . In 88% we carried out standard esophagectomy consisting of abdomino-thoracic access, gastric interposition with thoracic @entity254 and extramucous pyloromyotomy. In the light of postresection histology, 53% of the operations were potentially curative (UICC stage I and II) [1], 47% palliative (UICC stage III and IV) [1]. Perioperative 30-days mortality was nil, perioperative 30-days morbidity 11% (3 @entity1 developed @entity55 postoperatively, 2 @entity1 with cervical @entity254 developed @entity6783 of @entity254 which in both cases healed completely with conservative therapy, while a further @entity1 with cervical @entity254 suffered persistent @entity912 of the recurrent nerve. All @entity1 were fully able to feed themselves at the time of discharge. 43% of @entity1 had recurrent @entity1282 and 24% underwent endoscopic dilatation. Three-year survival was 26%. From these results it may be concluded that esophageal resection represents either good palliation with low morbidity for the majority of @entity1 with non-resectable @entity189 or potentially curative therapy with low morbidity in early stage of @entity5 .

title: [Results of surgical therapy in esophagus and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cardia cancer']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the esophagus']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity6783 :: ('MESH:D013529', 'Disease') :: ['dehiscence']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['cardia carcinoma']


abstract: The clinical and complete pathological response of a primary @entity0 to chemotherapy has been shown to be an important prognostic for survival. However, the majority of @entity1 do not experience a complete pathological response to primary chemotherapy and the significance of lesser degrees of histological response is uncertain and the prognostic significance is unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new histological grading system to assess response of @entity0 to primary chemotherapy and to determine if such a system has prognostic value.A consecutive series of 176 @entity1 with large (> or =4cm) and locally advanced @entity0 were treated with multimodality therapy comprising primary chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy and @entity440 . All underwent assessment of the primary @entity0 before and after completion of chemotherapy. @entity5 was excised after completion of chemotherapy (mastectomy or wide local excision with axillary surgery). The removed tissue was assessed and response to chemotherapy graded using a five-point histological grading system based with the fundamental feature being a reduction in @entity5 cellularity; comparison being made with a pre-treatment core biopsy. All @entity1 were followed up for 5 years or more. Pathological responses were compared to 5 year overall survival and disease-free survival using log rank tests. The overall 5-year survival for all @entity1 was 71%, and 5 year disease free interval was 60%. There was a significant correlation between pathological response using this new grading system and both overall survival (P=0.02) and disease-free interval (P=0.04). In a multivariate analysis of known prognostic factors, the Miller/Payne grading system was an independent predictor of overall @entity1 survival. This grading system, which assesses the histological response to primary chemotherapy, can predict overall survival and disease-free interval in @entity1 with large and locally advanced @entity0 treated with such therapy. The relationship of degree of histological response to overall and disease-free survival has been shown in univariate and multivariate analyses and could potentially have an important role in the clinical management of @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 undergoing primary chemotherapy.

title: A new histological grading system to assess response of XXXX to primary chemotherapy: prognostic significance and survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Residual tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer', 'breast tumour']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancers']


abstract: One hundred chronic alcoholics, who were hospitalized in our ward for @entity16 directly or indirectly due to a prolonged and continual consumption of @entity167 , have been treated with @entity38857 in doses varying from 600 up to 1200 mg/die. The drug was administered either per os or by injection. 50 of these @entity1 were given, at the same time, graded doses of @entity167 per os. The purpose of this study was to analyse the preventive and therapeutical effects of the drug both on ten "target symptoms" examined separately, and on the onset and duration of the @entity167 @entity6767 . We have noticed that decreasing doses of @entity167 , in the first days of hospitalization, were unable to reduce significantly the onset of fits of delirium @entity14935 . @entity38857 showed a reasonably good therapeutical activity on some features of the "target symptoms": it shortened the average duration of the symptoms, while it did not prove better than @entity1245 in inhibiting the onset of the same. The drug was unable to prevent the onset of the @entity6767 , and, even if it had a favourable control over the symptoms, it was unable to shorten their duration. The mortality rate was similar to that of other reviews where @entity1245 , or major drugs acting on the nervous system, were employed. The sedative action of @entity38857 , even at higher doses, was insignificant, and its hypnotic effect almost absent. No @entity21 have been observed, at least up to 1000 mg/die.

title: [Prevention and therapy of delirium @entity14935 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity38857 :: ('MESH:D063325', 'Chemical') :: ['Tiapride', 'tiapride']

entities_list: @entity6767 :: ('MESH:D009357', 'Disease') :: ['abstinence syndrome']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorders']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['extrapyramidal disorders']

answer: @entity38857 :: (MESH:D063325,Chemical) :: ['tiapride']


abstract: Two phase II studies of @entity1311 involving @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) have been completed. The first study, conducted by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), involved 25 previously untreated @entity1 who received intravenous (i.v.) @entity1311 250 mg/m2 over 24 hours every 3 weeks. Among 24 evaluable @entity1 with @entity5 , 5 partial responses (21%) were observed, median survival was 24.1 weeks, and 1-year survival was approximately 45%. Common @entity137 included @entity1431 (66% grade 4), @entity2359 (28% grade 3), and @entity1370 (12.5% grade 3). The second trial, conducted at the M.D. Anderson @entity5 Center, yielded similar results. Twenty-seven previously untreated @entity1 with @entity5 received @entity1311 200 to 250 mg/m2 i.v. over 24 hours every 3 weeks, yielding 1 complete response and 5 partial responses (24%) in 25 evaluable @entity1 . The major @entity137 was @entity1431 . No @entity1370 was seen. For the past several years ECOG has tested several agents against previously untreated @entity1149 , and none has demonstrated a response rate greater than 10%, other than @entity1311 . Given these results, the ECOG plans to conduct a three-arm phase III study involving @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 comparing 'standard' @entity900 / @entity2879 chemotherapy to two @entity1311 -containing arms: (1) @entity1311 135 mg/m2 i.v. over 24 hours plus @entity900 75 mg/m2 i.v.; (2) @entity1311 250 mg/m2 i.v. over 24 hours plus @entity900 75 mg/m2 i.v. plus recombinant @entity1 @entity1261 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX ( @entity1311 ) in the treatment of lung cancer: the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage IV disease', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity', 'cardiac toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['Taxol']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity1 with @entity774 ( @entity774 ) because of 21-hydroxylase deficiency have multiple vascular risk factors. Young adults with @entity774 have increased intima media thickness, but there have been no studies of vascular function and structure in @entity1 with @entity774 . OBJECTIVE: To establish whether @entity1 with @entity774 have reduced vascular function and increased carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) when compared to healthy and @entity28 @entity1 . DESIGN AND @entity1 : Cross-sectional study of 14 @entity1 (14.8 years    3.2, seven @entity1 ) with @entity12554 compared to 28 @entity28 and 53 healthy controls. MEASUREMENTS: All subjects had assessment of endothelial function flow-mediated dilatation, ( @entity384 ), smooth muscle function @entity1242 dilatation (GTN) and cIMT. Anthropometric data, resting blood pressure and biochemical variables were also measured. RESULTS: @entity774 subjects had significantly reduced @entity384 (4.5    3.0% vs 7.5    5.2%; P = 0.04) and GTN (17.2    1.6% vs 28.4    8.4%; P < 0.001) when compared to controls and the impairment was comparable to the @entity28 cohort. There was no significant difference in cIMT between groups. @entity774 subjects had increased homoeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance [HOMA-IR 2.5 (0.2-2.9) vs 1.8 (0.5-4.2); P = 0.04], waist-to-height ratio (0.47    0.05 vs 0.44    0.04; P = 0.02) and higher systolic blood pressure Z score (0.29    0.9 vs-0.24    0.64, P = 0.01) compared to healthy controls but not when compared to @entity28 controls. CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with @entity774 have evidence of @entity455 by adolescence.

title: Adolescents with @entity12554 have XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['glyceryl tri-nitrate']

entities_list: @entity12554 :: ('MESH:C535979', 'Disease') :: ['CAH secondary to 21-hydroxylase deficiency']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['congenital adrenal hyperplasia', 'Congenital adrenal hyperplasia', 'CAH']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['vascular dysfunction']


abstract: AIMS: To describe the drug utilisation patterns of @entity117 , antihypertensives, vasodilators, and statins in a cohort of newly treated @entity164 2 @entity6 subjects previously unexposed to CVD agents. METHODS: A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using a national pharmacy claims database of newly treated @entity164 2 @entity6 subjects aged 40 years or older. Data on the use of @entity117 , antihypertensives, vasodilators, and statins 1 year after antidiabetic agent initiation were analysed. Poisson  regression with a robust error variance was used to estimate adjusted  relative  risk (RRadj) and 95% CIs between socio-demographic and treatment factors on CVD agent use. RESULTS: Over a 2-year period (2008-2009), 6093 subjects were identified. One year after antidiabetic agent initiation, 82% of the study population received at least one CVD agent, with 54% receiving @entity117 , 64% receiving antihypertensives, 6% vasodilators, and 62% receiving @entity6817 . Subjects aged 40-49 years were significantly less likely than those aged 60-69 years to receive CVD agents (RRadj 0.83, 95% CI 0.80-0.87). Over 40% of subjects received antihypertensives without @entity117 and statins, while 30% of subjects on statins did not receive @entity117 . CONCLUSIONS: Substantial CVD agent utilisation was noted 1 year after antidiabetic agent initiation. Being aged younger than 60-69 years was associated with decreased utilisation of CVD agents.

title: Use of cardiovascular medicines in newly treated XXXX 2 @entity6 patients: A retrospective cohort study in general practice.

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['type']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Exercise is a key component of rehabilitation for soft tissue injuries of the shoulder; however its effectiveness remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: Determine the effectiveness of exercise for @entity158 . METHODS: We searched seven databases from 1990 to 2015 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort and case control studies comparing exercise to other interventions for @entity158 . We critically appraised eligible studies using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) criteria. We synthesized findings from scientifically admissible studies using best-evidence synthesis methodology. RESULTS: We retrieved 4853 articles. Eleven RCTs were appraised and five had a low risk of bias. Four studies addressed @entity5818 . One study addressed nonspecific @entity158 . For variable duration @entity5818 : 1) supervised strengthening leads to greater short-term improvement in @entity158 and disability over wait listing; and 2) supervised and home-based strengthening and stretching leads to greater short-term improvement in @entity158 and disability compared to no treatment. For persistent @entity5818 : 1) supervised and home-based strengthening leads to similar outcomes as surgery; and 2) home-based heavy load eccentric training does not add benefits to home-based rotator cuff strengthening and physiotherapy. For variable duration low-grade nonspecific @entity158 , supervised strengthening and stretching leads to similar short-term outcomes as corticosteroid injections or multimodal care. CONCLUSION: The evidence suggests that supervised and home-based progressive shoulder strengthening and stretching are effective for the management of @entity5818 . For low-grade nonspecific @entity158 , supervised strengthening and stretching are equally effective to corticosteroid injections or multimodal care. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42013003928.

title: Is exercise effective for the management of XXXX and other soft tissue injuries of the shoulder? A systematic review by the Ontario Protocol for Traffic Injury Management (OPTIMa) Collaboration.

entities_list: @entity5818 :: ('MESH:D019534', 'Disease') :: ['subacromial impingement syndrome']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'shoulder pain']

answer: @entity5818 :: (MESH:D019534,Disease) :: ['subacromial impingement syndrome']


abstract: 1. The present study examined the origin of the 0.4 Hz rhythm in renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in @entity35 . It was anticipated that, after elimination of 0.4 Hz oscillations of arterial pressure (AP) by alpha-adrenoceptor blockade, the persistence or disappearance of a 0.4 Hz rhythm in RSNA would point to an endogenous (central oscillator) or baroreflex origin, respectively. 2. Arterial pressure and RSNA were recorded in seven conscious @entity35 , before and after acute alpha-adrenoceptor blockade with @entity5521 (5 mg/kg, i.v.). In each condition, power and coherence spectra were calculated over 15 min periods of rest. 3. In control conditions, highly coherent AP and RSNA oscillations were observed near 0.4 Hz. After @entity5521 administration, spectral power in the mid-frequency (0.27-0.74 Hz) band was significantly reduced for both AP and RSNA and maximum power was shifted towards 0.7 Hz. 4. The disappearance of the RSNA rhythm at 0.4 Hz after @entity5521 administration favours the hypothesis of a baroreflex origin. The new oscillation near 0.7 Hz can derive either from the activity of a previously unrecognized central oscillator or from a faster feedback mechanism involving cotransmitters of @entity1063 acting with shorter time constants (e.g. @entity855 ).

title: Effect of alpha-adrenoceptor blockade on the 0.4 Hz sympathetic rhythm in conscious XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity5521 :: ('MESH:D010646', 'Chemical') :: ['phentolamine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: @entity1457 proteins (Hsp) are known to protect cells from several stressors. Nucleotide changes in the flanking regions [5'- and 3'-untranslated region (UTR)] of Hsp gene might affect inducibility, degree of expression, or stability of Hsp70 mRNA. The present study aimed to investigate the association between inducible @entity72361 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and @entity1457 ( @entity1457 ) response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in dairy @entity291 . Four hundred forty-six Italian Holstein @entity291 were genotyped for four @entity72361 SNPs: g895 C/- and g @entity72362 in 5'-UTR, and g @entity72363 and @entity72364 in 3'-UTR. Genetic polymorphisms in 3'-UTR of @entity291 @entity72361 gene resulted monomorphic. Distribution of alleles of the @entity377 sequence polymorphism within the 5'-UTR of the @entity291 @entity72361 gene were 81.2% and 18.8% for C and -, respectively, and 77.8% and 22.2% for G and T, respectively. Among the 446 genotyped animals, a group of @entity291 balanced for days in milk and parity was selected to be representative of the following genotypes: CC (n   =   8), C- (n   =   7), and -- (n   =   7) and GG (n   =   8), @entity1422 (n   =   11), and TT (n   =   3) in 5'-UTR. PBMC were isolated from blood samples and heated at 43  C in thermal bath for 1  h and then incubated at 39  C in atmosphere of 5% @entity515 for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24  h (recovery times). Cell viability was determined by XTT assay. Gene and protein expression of @entity72361 was determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and by ELISA assay, respectively. For the two SNPs detected, one allele was the most frequent (C, 66.8% and G, 56.8%). Genotypes -- and TG showed higher (P   <   0.05) viability compared with CC and GG, respectively. Genotypes C- and TT had intermediate viability. Gene expression of @entity72361 showed higher (P   <   0.001) levels in -- and TG genotype compared with their counterparts. Genotypes -- and TG showed the higher level of inducible @entity72361 protein in respect to C-, TT and CC, GG. In conclusion, exposure to @entity1457 differently affected cell viability and gene and protein expression of @entity72361 in the selected genotypes. These results indicate that the presence of SNPs (C/- and @entity13285 ) in the 5'-UTR region of inducible @entity72361 ameliorates @entity1457 response and tolerance to heat of @entity291 PBMC. These mutation sites may be useful as molecular genetic markers to assist selection for heat tolerance.

title: Cellular thermotolerance is associated with @entity1457 protein 70.1 genetic polymorphisms in Holstein lactating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['Heat shock', 'heat shock', 'HS']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']


abstract: This phase 2 trial was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the chimeric monoclonal anti- @entity2225 antibody rituximab in @entity1 with relapsed lymphocyte-predominant @entity978 or other @entity2225 (+) subtypes of @entity978 ( @entity978 ). Eligibility criteria required expression of the @entity2225 antigen on more than 30% of malignant cells. Fourteen @entity1 were treated with 4 weekly intravenous infusions of rituximab (375 mg/m(2)). All @entity1 had at least one prior chemotherapy (median, 2). The median time from first diagnosis was 9 years. Adverse events, such as @entity2490 , @entity221 , chills, and @entity390 , were usually transient and of mild to moderate grade, allowing outpatient treatment in most cases. All @entity1 completed treatment and were eligible for a response. The overall response in 14 assessable @entity1 was 86%, with 8 complete remissions and 4 partial remissions, and 2 @entity1 with progressive disease. At a median follow-up of 12 months, 9 of 12 responders were in remission. The median duration of response has not been reached yet (20+ months). We conclude that rituximab is both safe and effective in a subgroup of @entity2225 (+) @entity1 with @entity978 .

title: Treatment of relapsed @entity2225 + @entity978 with the monoclonal antibody rituximab is effective and well tolerated: results of a phase 2 trial of the German XXXX Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HD', 'Hodgkin lymphoma', 'Hodgkin disease']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin Lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is well established that @entity101 @entity1 with left ventricular (LV) @entity1184 have @entity73 . However, the impact of antihypertensive treatment and LV mass reduction on LV diastolic filling remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: Echocardiograms were recorded in 728 @entity101 @entity1 with ECG-verified @entity4346 (Cornell voltage-duration or Sokolow-Lyon) at baseline and after 1 year of blinded treatment with either @entity9886 or @entity2165 -based regimen. @entity551 (BP) were reduced on average 23/11 mm Hg; isovolumic relaxation time and E/A ratio became more normal, and LV inflow deceleration time prolonged (all P<0.001). Directionally opposite changes in isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) and deceleration time indicate improvement in active LV relaxation and passive chamber stiffness during early diastole. Prevalences of normal LV filling increased, abnormal relaxation and pseudonormalization decreased, and restrictive filling pattern remained unchanged (P<0.05). @entity1 with reduction in LV mass had smaller left atrial diameter, shortened IVRT, increased E/A ratio, and prolonged LV inflow deceleration time (all P<0.001). @entity1 without LV mass reduction had no change in diastolic filling parameters (P=NS). IVRT shortening was independently associated with reduction in LV mass. Increase in E/A ratio was independently associated with reduction in diastolic BP, and increase in the deceleration time was independently associated with reduced end-systolic relative wall thickness. CONCLUSIONS: Antihypertensive therapy resulting in LV mass or relative wall thickness regression is associated with significant improvement of diastolic filling parameters related to active relaxation and passive chamber stiffness compared with @entity1 without regression, independent of BP reduction; however, @entity1002 remain common.

title: Change in diastolic left ventricular filling after one year of antihypertensive treatment: The XXXX Intervention For Endpoint Reduction in @entity101 (LIFE) Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired diastolic filling']

entities_list: @entity9886 :: ('MESH:D019808', 'Chemical') :: ['losartan']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['Systolic and diastolic blood pressures']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['LV hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities of diastolic LV filling']

answer: @entity9886 :: (MESH:D019808,Chemical) :: ['Losartan']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) is highly expressed in the renal tissues of @entity1 with @entity2316 , and it plays an important role in the initiation and progression of @entity2316 . The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of root of Polygonum cuspidatum extract ( @entity11240 ) on early renal glomerular proliferation in @entity3839 (STZ)-induced @entity6 @entity35 . METHODS: @entity11240 (100, 350 mg/kg/day) was administered to @entity6 @entity35 for 16 weeks. Blood @entity413 and @entity633 were measured. Renal histology, @entity1918 ( @entity1918 ), and @entity1975 ( @entity1975 ) expression levels were also examined. RESULTS: After 16 weeks of treatment with @entity11240 , severe @entity4854 and @entity633 were observed in the @entity6 @entity35 . The expressions levels of @entity1918 and @entity1975 proteins were significantly increased in the glomeruli of the @entity6 @entity35 . The expression levels of PDGF-BB and its receptor expressions were greatly increased in the glomeruli of the @entity6 @entity35 . However, @entity11240 markedly reduced @entity633 in the @entity6 @entity35 . @entity11240 inhibited @entity1918 and @entity1975 up-regulation and ameliorated PDGF-BB and PEGFR-Ss protein expression in the @entity6 @entity35 . In addition, the binding of PDGF-BB/PDGFR-Ss was inhibited by @entity11240 as shown by an in vitro assay. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity11240 has an inhibitory effect on @entity7622 in @entity2316 via the inhibition of the interaction of PDGF-BB with its receptor. @entity11240 may have beneficial effects in preventing the progression of @entity2316 .

title: Root of Polygonum cuspidatum extract reduces progression of @entity2316 via inhibition of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and interaction with its receptor in @entity3839 -induced XXXX @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy', 'diabetic renal tissues']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity1918 :: ('25365(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-SMA', 'alpha-smooth muscle actin']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity1975 :: ('25737(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['PCNA', 'proliferating cell nuclear antigen']

entities_list: @entity7622 :: ('MESH:C537346', 'Disease') :: ['mesangial proliferation']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: Importance: @entity1 who undergo open airway reconstruction procedures are likely to experience some degree of @entity86 and delayed @entity1697 . Objective: To review the duration of @entity86 and outcomes in a group of adult @entity1 . Design, Setting, and @entity1 : Retrospective review of the medical records of adult @entity1 undergoing laryngotracheoplasty, posterior cricoid split laryngoplasty, tracheal resection, and cricotracheal resection in a tertiary hospital between July 2009 and September 2014. Exposures: Laryngotracheoplasty, posterior cricoid split laryngoplasty, tracheal resection, and cricotracheal resection. Main Outcomes and Measures: Demographic characteristics, etiology of airway stenosis, surgical procedure, stent type, and duration of @entity1282 symptoms. Results: Thirty-eight @entity1 (14 @entity1 , 24 @entity1 ; mean [SD; range] age, 48 [14.4; 20-80] years) fitting the inclusion criteria were identified. Twenty-four (63%) @entity1 had laryngotracheal stenosis secondary to prolonged intubation, with 3 (8%), 5 (13%), and 6 (16%) cases being due to autoimmune, idiopathic, or other etiology, respectively. Twenty-five (66%) @entity1 underwent tracheal or cricotracheal resection, and 13 (34%) underwent laryngotracheoplasty or posterior cricoid split laryngoplasty. Of the 17 @entity1 with stents placed, 6 (35%) @entity1 had a suprastomal stent sewn at the top with a @entity7502 suture using a horizontal mattress technique, 6 (35%) @entity1 had a suprastomal stent capped with an extended Silastic thoracic T-tube segment, and 5 (29%) @entity1 had either @entity5274 or hood bronchial stent. Eight of 17 @entity1 used a nasogastric feeding tube while the stent was in place (up to 5 weeks). All @entity1 returned to their preoperative diet. The mean (SD) duration of @entity1282 symptoms in all @entity1 (both those without a stent and following stent removal) was 8 (27.2) days (median, 1.5 days). The mean (SD) duration of @entity1282 symptoms in @entity1 who did not have a stent placed was 4.8 (5.3) days (median, 4 days). Conclusions and Relevance: In this study of adults who underwent open airway reconstruction, all returned to their preoperative diet, but those without stents had a shorter duration of @entity1282 symptoms than those with stents. Approximately half as many @entity1 with a stent had a prolonged course with @entity1282 symptoms compared with those without a stent.

title: XXXX Following Airway Reconstruction in Adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['return to oral intake']

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['polypropylene']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative dysphagia symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity1282 :: (MESH:D003680,Disease) :: ['Dysphagia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment guidelines for @entity3119 ( @entity3119 ) propose to switch @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) in case of refractoriness. However, no controlled research has been published yet that prospectively examined the effects of changing SRIs. This article describes the first double-blind switch study of 2 SRIs in @entity1 with @entity3119 . METHOD: 150 @entity1 with primary @entity3119 , according to DSM-IV criteria, were randomly assigned in a 12-week, double-blind trial to receive dosages titrated upward to 300 mg/day of @entity906 (N = 75) or 60 mg/day of @entity903 (N = 75). Primary efficacy was assessed by the change from baseline on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), and nonresponse was defined as less than 25% reduction on the Y-BOCS. After a 4-week tapering phase, 43 nonresponders were switched to 12 additional weeks of the alternate antidepressant, of which 16 @entity1 received @entity906 and 27 received @entity903 . RESULTS: Eighteen of 43 @entity1 benefited from a switch to the alternate @entity3595 with a mean +/- SD decrease of at least 25% on the Y-BOCS. At the end of 12 weeks, responder rates were 56% for @entity903 (15/27) and 19% for @entity906 (3/16). An intent-to-treat, last-observation-carried-forward analysis demonstrated a mean decrease on the Y-BOCS of 1.8 +/- 3.5 in the @entity906 group and 6.5 +/- 7.1 in the @entity903 group. After 2 consecutive @entity3595 trials, 109 of 150 @entity1 (73%) achieved a Y-BOCS decrease of at least 25%. CONCLUSION: The results of the current study show that 42% of the nonresponders benefited from a crossover to the other @entity3595 , and that @entity903 was more efficacious than @entity906 in the treatment of nonresponders to a previous @entity3595 trial. Switching SRIs in case of refractoriness may be considered a useful strategy for @entity1 with @entity3119 .

title: A double-blind switch study of XXXX and @entity906 in @entity3119 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity903 :: ('MESH:D017374', 'Chemical') :: ['paroxetine']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity906 :: ('MESH:C047426', 'Chemical') :: ['venlafaxine']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['obsessive-compulsive disorder', 'OCD']

answer: @entity903 :: (MESH:D017374,Chemical) :: ['paroxetine']


abstract: @entity8 and @entity5721 (IRI) is considered an inflammatory syndrome. To move forward in its pathogenesis, we exploited the role of several cytokines on @entity8 triggered by IRI. Specifically to evaluate the role of @entity630 immune profile in this system, IL-12, @entity60 , and @entity60 /IL-12 deficient (KO) @entity19 on C57BL/6 background and their controls were subjected to IRI. In each group, blood and kidney samples were harvested. Renal function was evaluated by serum @entity1011 and renal morphometric analyses. Gene expression of @entity777 and @entity10183 were also investigated by Q-PCR. @entity60 KO animals presented the @entity73 in renal function compared to controls. Conversely, IL-12 KO animals were absolutely protected and, in a lesser extent, @entity60 /IL-12 KO double knockout was also protected from IRI. Gene expression analyses showed higher expression of @entity10183 , a cytoprotective gene, and @entity777 , a pro-inflammatory cytokine, in @entity60 deficient animals subjected to IRI. Our results confirm that @entity630 related cytokines such as IL-12 and @entity60 are critically involved in @entity8 and @entity5721 .

title: Critical involvement of XXXX -related cytokines in @entity8 induced by ischemia and reperfusion.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal damages', 'Renal ischemia', 'renal ischemia']

entities_list: @entity5721 :: ('MESH:D015427', 'Disease') :: ['reperfusion injury']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['highest impairment']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity630 :: (57314(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Th1']


abstract: Several studies suggest that @entity9140 ( @entity9140 ) can exacerbate @entity410 development during @entity4889 (S.E.) and subsequent epileptogenesis in the adult brain. On the other hand, evidence exists for the protective effect of @entity9140 . To study this controversy, we induced S.E. with @entity4176 in @entity19 with increased @entity9140 signaling due to @entity26304 overexpression. @entity19 experienced a more severe S.E. than wild type animals did. Furthermore, they had increased acute hippocampal neuronal loss when assessed at 48 h after S.E. The effect of @entity26304 overexpression on the development of @entity302 , chronic @entity528 , mossy fiber sprouting, and neurogenesis were studied at 4.5 months after @entity4176 -induced S.E. No differences were found in the rate of epileptogenesis, severity of @entity302 , or cellular markers of network reorganization between transgenic and wild type @entity19 . No differences between genotypes were observed in @entity45770 staining, indicating no effect of @entity26304 overexpression to immature neuron numbers. Instead, in Cresyl Violet-stained preparations, the highest density of neurons was found in untreated @entity19 suggesting a favorable effect of @entity26304 overexpression on the survival of neurons in the hippocampus. Our data support the role of @entity9140 and @entity26304 signaling in @entity410 generation and acute cellular damage after S.E. Long-term outcome was not, however, exacerbated by @entity26304 overexpression.

title: Exacerbated XXXX and acute cell loss, but no changes in epileptogenesis, in @entity19 with increased @entity9140 signaling.

entities_list: @entity9140 :: ('12064(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['brain-derived neurotrophic factor', 'BDNF']

entities_list: @entity4889 :: ('MESH:D018455', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'Transgenic mice', 'transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal death']

answer: @entity4889 :: (MESH:D018455,Disease) :: ['status epilepticus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aims of this study were to determine if the protein source of the medium influences @entity7040 embryo development and if developmental kinetics, @entity245 and programmed cell death are related. The culture medium was supplemented with either fetal calf serum or bovine serum albumin. The embryos were classified as Fast (n = 1,235) or Slow (n = 485) based on the time required to reach the fourth cell cycle (48 h and 90 h post insemination - hpi -, respectively). The Slow group was further separated into two groups: those presenting exactly 4 cells at 48 hpi (Slow/4 cells) and those that reached the fourth cell cycle at 90 hpi (Slow). Blastocyst quality, DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial membrane potential and signs of apoptosis or @entity39 were evaluated. The Slow group had higher incidence of @entity245 than the Fast group. The embryos supplemented with fetal calf serum had lower quality. DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial membrane potential were absent in embryos at 48 hpi but present at 90 hpi. Early signs of apoptosis were more frequent in the Slow and Slow/4 cell groups than in the Fast group. We concluded that fetal calf serum reduces blastocyst development and quality, but the mechanism appears to be independent of DNA fragmentation. The apoptotic cells detected at 48 hpi reveal a possible mechanism of programmed cell death activation prior to genome activation. The apoptotic cells observed in the slow-developing embryos suggested a relationship between programmed cell death and embryonic developmental kinetics in @entity7040 in vitro-produced embryos.

title: Developmental Block and Programmed Cell Death in XXXX Embryos: Effects of Protein Supplementation Source and Developmental Kinetics.

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental block']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity7040 :: (9915,Species) :: ['Bos indicus']


abstract: Measurements of @entity1223 (CO) and @entity7459 ( @entity6836 ) were made in three kitchens, two with gas cookers and one all electric, and two living rooms, one heated by a portable butane heater and the other by a paraffin stove. The measurements were taken whilst the homes were in normal use and the occupants kept a diary of when specific appliances were used. Measurements of @entity6836 were made simultaneously by chemiluminescence and by diffusion tubes. The accuracy of the diffusion tube measurements relative to the chemiluminescent standard was estimated as +/- 10% and the precision less than or equal to 300 ppb. hr. Results from diffusion tubes were used to indicate the distribution of @entity6836 throughout other rooms in the house. At the all electric house the CO and @entity6836 concentrations were very similar to the expected outdoor levels. In all the other houses @entity6836 levels exceeded typical outdoor concentrations measured in Central London and in the paraffin heated house and one gas cooking house median CO concentrations exceeded these measured at the curbside of a very busy road in Central London. The living room concentrations of @entity6836 where the @entity982 heater was in use were elevated for long periods. Analysis of the decay of pollutant concentration in one kitchen yielded an effective deposition velocity for @entity6836 of 3 X 10(-5) m s-1. The magnitude of the CO and @entity6836 concentrations measured in this survey confirms that indoor air pollution should be taken into account when assessing overall public exposure to air pollution.

title: Measurements of @entity1223 and XXXX in British homes using unflued heating or cooking appliances.

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity7459 :: ('MESH:D009585', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitrogen Dioxide']

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbon Monoxide']

answer: @entity7459 :: (MESH:D009585,Chemical) :: ['nitrogen dioxide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent data has implicated @entity794 (SA) superantigen as a potential disease modifier in @entity1 with @entity102 ( @entity102 ) with @entity480 (CRSwNP). The objective of this work was to compare total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and serum eosinophils in @entity1 with CRSwNP and @entity102 without @entity480 (CRSsNP) based on culture results of the 3 most commonly isolated bacteria. METHODS: Retrospective review at a tertiary rhinology referral center of @entity1 with @entity102 over a 4-year period. RESULTS: Bacterial cultures and immunologic data were obtained from 62 @entity1 with CRSwNP and 34 @entity1 with CRSsNP. SA was the most prevalent bacteria in the CRSwNP group, isolated in 19 @entity1 (31%). @entity1 with elevated total serum IgE (>114 IU/mL) were more likely to have SA on culture (p = 0.04) in this population. The percent serum eosinophil levels in the SA+ group compared with the SA- group was not significant (6.0 vs 5.1, p = 0.17). Lund-Mackay computed tomography (CT) scores, but not Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20 (SNOT-20) scores were significantly higher in the SA+ vs SA- group (p = 0.03) in @entity1 with CRSwNP. The CRSsNP group demonstrated no difference in IgE or serum eosinophils between different bacterial groups. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that there is an association between SA sinonasal presence and elevated total serum IgE in @entity1 with CRSwNP. In addition, SA+ @entity1 had higher Lund-Mackay CT scores, indicating a higher objective burden of disease in this group of @entity1 .

title: XXXX with @entity480 : elevated serum immunoglobulin E is associated with @entity794 on culture.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity480 :: ('MESH:D009298', 'Disease') :: ['nasal polyps']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic rhinosinusitis', 'CRS']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['Chronic rhinosinusitis']


abstract: The aim of our work was to evaluate the diagnostic and treatment of @entity1 with odontogenic @entity1764 . METHODS: The last 10 years (1991-2001) 13 males and 4 females, mean age 43 years, with odontogenic @entity1764 were submitted to surgical treatment. Primary odontogenic abscess occurred in all. Before admission to our clinic, 14 @entity1 were treated at stomatological department. Diagnosis was made by clinical manifestation, roentgenographical features and confirmed by findings at mediastinum tissues during operation. RESULTS: All @entity1 at the admission day underwent @entity2611 with transcervical mediastinal drainage. In 5 cases this management was associated with mediastinal drainage by transthoracic approach. For another 5 @entity1 thoracotomies were performed late, the last 7 survived without thoracotomy. Six @entity1 died, mortality rate was 35.2%. The reason of the high mortality rate-delay of transthoracic mediastinal drainage in 5 cases, when transcervical was inadequate. CONCLUSION: Ample cervicotomy, associated with transcervical and transthoracic mediastinal drainage can significantly reduce the mortality rate for odontogenic @entity1764 .

title: [Odontogenic XXXX . Diagnostics and treatment].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2611 :: ('MESH:D005532', 'Disease') :: ['broad cervicotomies']

entities_list: @entity1764 :: ('MESH:D008480', 'Disease') :: ['mediastinitis']

answer: @entity1764 :: (MESH:D008480,Disease) :: ['mediastinitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: How to properly manage neuroendocrine liver @entity3 (NELM) remains debatable, and only limited clinical data have been published from Asian population. The objective of this study is to identify possible prognostic factors affecting overall survival time and to provide a guideline for future clinical practice.A retrospective study was performed on 1286 @entity1 who had @entity5 in our specialized center, and data from 130 @entity1 who had NELM were summarized. Demographic and clinicopathologic data, @entity5 grade, treatment method, and prognosis were statistically analyzed.Most of the NELMs originated from pancreas (65.4%). Important prognostic factors that included @entity5 location and size were identified with multivariate analysis. @entity1 with either @entity5 resection or liver @entity3 resection showed a 5-year survival of 35.7% or 33.3%, respectively, whereas resection of both resulted in a 50% 5-year survival. More importantly, resection was performed on 7 @entity1 with grade 3 (G3) @entity5 , and resulted in 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival of 100%, 42.8%, and 28.6%, respectively, whereas the other 9 G3 @entity1 without resection died within 3 years. P=0.49 comparing the resected group with nonresected group in G3 @entity1 . Besides, the overall 5-year survival rates for resected and nonresected @entity1 were 40.5% and 5.4%, respectively.Multiple prognostic factors influenced the overall outcome of NELM including @entity1 age, @entity5 location, and size, etc. Aggressive surgical approaches could be considered for maximum survival time disregarding the pathological grade of the @entity5 . Study with larger sample size should be considered to reevaluate the recommendation of the WHO guidelines for G3 @entity5 .

title: Surgical Resection Improves the Outcome of the XXXX With Neuroendocrine Tumor Liver Metastases: Large Data From Asia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neuroendocrine tumors', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: To assess the left ventricular function of @entity1 who suffer from post- @entity1188 @entity951 and @entity1002 in the coronary care unit, 79 consecutive survivors (mean age 48 years) of a first @entity583 were prospectively studied and followed-up for a mean 18- (10-34) month period. Forty-seven had an uncomplicated @entity1188 , 17 suffered from post- @entity1188 @entity951 and 15 had @entity1002 . The left ventricular function of these @entity1 prior to discharge from hospital was assessed by cross-sectional echocardiography and radionuclide angiography. Analysis of left ventricular wall motion was performed in all @entity1 using a 11-segment model of the left ventricular. The ejection fraction was determined by echocardiography in 47 @entity1 and by radionuclide angiography in 50. The mean echocardiographic wall motion score of post- @entity1188 @entity951 @entity1 (4.8 +/- 0.8) (+/- SEM) was lower than that of @entity1 with @entity1002 (9.5 +/- 0.5) (P less than 0.001), but was not different from @entity1 suffering uncomplicated @entity1188 (4.6 +/- 0.3). The mean echocardiographic ejection fraction was also similar in post- @entity1188 @entity951 (45.3 +/- 4.0; n = 16) and @entity1 with uncomplicated @entity1188 (51.9 +/- 2.7; n = 17), but was lowest in the group of @entity1 with @entity1002 (35.1 +/- 3.3; n = 14). Similarly, the radionuclide ejection fraction of @entity1 with post- @entity1188 @entity951 (41.4 +/- 3.4; n = 17) and @entity1 with uncomplicated @entity1188 (45.6 +/- 2.7; n = 19) did not differ, but was lower in @entity1 with @entity1002 (25.9 +/- 2.8; n = 14). The echocardiographic ejection fraction correlated with that obtained by radionuclide angiography in all 46 @entity1 (r = 0.71, P less than 0.001). The wall motion score correlated with the radionuclide ejection fraction in all 50 @entity1 (r = -0.73, P less than 0.001) and with the echocardiographic ejection fraction in 47 @entity1 (r = -0.55, P less than 0.001). During follow-up, 3 (18%) @entity1 suffering post- @entity1188 @entity951 and 2 (13%) with @entity1002 died. New @entity1188 was seen in 2 (12%) and 1 (7%) @entity1 in these groups, respectively. We conclude that the left ventricular function of @entity1 who suffer from post- @entity1188 @entity951 in the coronary care unit is good, but is impaired in those with even transient @entity1002 . Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function prior to hospital discharge was highly successful and may be performed in all such @entity1 .

title: Left ventricular function of survivors of a first complicated XXXX . A prehospital discharge cross-sectional echocardiographic study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular failure']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: @entity27773 , lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-1, is a single transmembrane receptor mainly expressed on endothelial cells. @entity27773 mediates the uptake of oxidized LDL, an early step in @entity731 ; however, little is known about whether @entity27773 is involved in angiogenesis during tissue @entity63 . Therefore, we examined the role of @entity27773 in @entity63 -induced angiogenesis in the hindlimbs of @entity27773 knockout (KO) @entity19 . Angiogenesis was evaluated in a surgically induced hindlimb @entity63 model using laser Doppler blood flowmetry (LDBF) and histological @entity2478 ( @entity2478 ) and @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ). After right hindlimb @entity63 , the @entity63 /nonischemic hindlimb blood flow ratio was persistently lower in @entity5559 -1 KO @entity19 than in @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity19 . @entity2478 and @entity2101 were significantly smaller in @entity5559 -1 KO @entity19 than in @entity164 @entity19 on postoperative day 14. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the number of macrophages infiltrating @entity63 tissues was significantly smaller in @entity5559 -1 KO @entity19 than in @entity164 @entity19 . The number of infiltrated macrophages expressing @entity1611 was also significantly smaller in @entity5559 -1 KO @entity19 than in @entity164 @entity19 . Western blot analysis and ROS production assay revealed that @entity5559 - KO @entity19 show significant decrease in @entity8930 expression, ROS production and @entity1965 expression, the phosphorylation of @entity1995 and NF-kB p65 subunit as well as expression of redox-sensitive @entity6580 ( @entity6580 ) and @entity27773 itself in @entity63 muscles, which is supposed to be required for macrophage infiltration expressing angiogenic factor @entity1611 . Reduction of @entity1611 expression successively suppressed the phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS, which accelerated angiogenesis, in the @entity63 leg of @entity5559 -1 KO @entity19 . Our findings indicate that @entity27773 plays an important role in @entity63 -induced angiogenesis by 1) @entity8930 -ROS-NF-kB activation, 2) upregulated expression of adhesion molecules: @entity6580 and @entity27773 ) promoting macrophage infiltration, which expresses angiogenic factor @entity1611 .

title: XXXX Plays an Important Role in @entity63 -Induced Angiogenesis of Limbs.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity2478 :: ('MESH:D019559', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'capillary density']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['AD', 'arteriole density']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity6580 :: ('22329(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['VCAM-1', 'vascular cell adhesion molecule-1']

answer: @entity27773 :: (108078(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['LOX-1']


abstract: The effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of @entity1774 , a new antihypertensive agent, on blood pressure and heart rate were investigated and compared with those of @entity1338 in anaesthetized @entity95 . The i.c.v. injection of @entity1774 or @entity1338 induced a decrease in blood pressure and heart rate in doses which were ineffective by an intravenous route. The @entity308 effect of @entity1774 was less than that of @entity1338 , but the duration of this action was obviously longer than that of @entity1338 . A fall in heart rate caused by @entity1774 was always less conspicuous than that by @entity1338 in equipotent @entity101 doses. Decrease in blood pressure and heart rate caused by the two drugs were inhibited by i.c.v. pretreatment with @entity5521 and @entity2955 , respectively. These findings suggest that presynaptic and/or postsynaptic alpha-adrenoceptors in the brain may play an important role in the @entity551 and @entity1168 produced by @entity1774 as well as @entity1338 . Furthermore, the uptake mechanism at the presynaptic sites of central noradrenergic neurons may be involved in the mode of @entity551 and bradycardic actions of these two drugs since these effects were abolished by pretreatment with @entity5829 , an inhibitor of @entity1063 uptake into the presynaptic nerve terminals.

title: [Central XXXX effects of @entity1774 in anaesthetised @entity95 (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity5829 :: ('MESH:D003891', 'Chemical') :: ['desipramine']

entities_list: @entity5521 :: ('MESH:D010646', 'Chemical') :: ['phentolamine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive', 'hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity1774 :: ('MESH:D016316', 'Chemical') :: ['guanfacine']

entities_list: @entity2955 :: ('MESH:D016627', 'Chemical') :: ['6-hydroxydopamine']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity551 :: (MESH:D007022,Disease) :: ['hypotensive']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Despite the obvious progress in modern neurosurgery, surgery for @entity1313 is often associated with a high risk of postoperative @entity51 , which is primarily caused by damage to perforating arteries of the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery. AIM: The work is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of high resolution time-of-flight (3D- @entity215 ) MR angiography in imaging of medial and lateral lenticulostriate arteries and determining their relationship to @entity5 edge in @entity1 with @entity11 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: 3D- @entity215 MR angiography data were analyzed in 20 @entity1 with primarily diagnosed @entity13 involving the insula. All @entity1 underwent non-contrast enhanced 3D- @entity215 MR angiography. In 6 cases, 3D- @entity215 MRA was performed before and after contrast enhancement. RESULTS: 3D- @entity215 angiography before intravenous contrast injection was capable of visualizing the medial lenticulostriate arteries in 19 @entity1 (95% of all cases) and lateral lenticulostriate arteries in 18 @entity1 (90% of all cases). Contrast-enhanced 3D- @entity215 angiography allows for better visualization of both the proximal and distal segments of lenticulostriate arteries. Three variants of relationship between the @entity5 and lenticulostriate arteries were identified. Variant I: the @entity5 grew over the arteries without their displacement in 2 cases (10% of the total number of observations); variant II: the @entity5 caused medial displacement of arteries without growing over them in 11 cases (55% of the total number of observations); variant III: the @entity5 partially grew over and displaced arteries in 2 cases (10%). In 25% of cases (5 @entity1 ), @entity5 was poorly visualized on 3D- @entity215 MR angiograms because their signal characteristics did not differ from those of the medulla ( @entity5 tissue was T1 isointense). As a result, it was impossible to determine the relationship between the @entity5 and lenticulostriate arteries. CONCLUSION: High spatial resolution time-of-flight MR angiography can be recommended for preoperative imaging of lenticulostriate arteries to plan the extent of neurosurgical resection in @entity1 with @entity1313 .

title: [3D- XXXX MR-angiography with high spatial resolution for surgical @entity13 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity13 :: ('MESH:C564230', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral gliomas']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['glial tumors of the insular lobe']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas of the insula']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

answer: @entity215 :: (MESH:D013771,Disease) :: ['TOF']


abstract: The @entity778 , and avian @entity11317 , into Madin-Darby @entity235 kidney (MDCK) cells was examined both biochemically and morphologically. At low multiplicity and 0 degrees C, viruses bound to the cell surface but were not internalized. Binding was not greatly dependent on the pH of the medium and reached an equilibrium level in 60-90 min. Over 90% of the bound viruses were removed by neuraminidase but not by proteases. When cells with prebound virus were warmed to 37 degrees C, part of the virus became resistant to removal b neuraminidase, with a half-time of 10-15 min. After a brief lag period, degraded viral material was released into the medium. The neuraminidase-resistant virus was capable of infecting the cells and probably did so by an intracellular route, since @entity5819 , a lysosomotropic agent, blocked both the @entity281 and the degradation of viral protein. When the entry process was observed by electron microscopy, viruses were seen bound primarily to microvilli on the cell surface at 0 degrees C and, after warming at 37 degrees C, were endocytosed in @entity558 , @entity8038 , and large smooth-surfaced vacuoles. Viruses were also present in smooth-surfaced invaginations and small smooth-surfaced vesicles at both temperatures. At physiological pH, no fusion of the virus with the plasma membrane was observed. When prebound virus was incubated at a pH of 5.5 or below for 1 min at 37 degrees C, fusion was, however, detected by ferritin immunolabeling. t low multiplicity, 90% of the prebound virus became neuraminidase-resistant and was presumably fused after only 30 s at low pH. These experiments suggest that fowl plague virus enters MDCK cells by endocytosis in @entity558 and @entity8038 and is transported to the lysosome where the low pH initiates a fusion reaction ultimately resulting in the transfer of the genome into the cytoplasm. The entry pathway of fowl plague virus thus resembles tht earlier described for @entity3597 .

title: Infectious entry pathway of influenza virus in a XXXX kidney cell line.

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['entry of fowl plague virus']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['coated pits']

entities_list: @entity11317 :: ('11320', 'Species') :: ['influenza A virus']

entities_list: @entity8038 :: ('MESH:D058456', 'Disease') :: ['coated vesicles']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity5819 :: ('MESH:D000643', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium chloride']

entities_list: @entity3597 :: ('11033', 'Species') :: ['Semliki Forest virus']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity65 is frequent and severe in @entity1 with @entity454 . @entity209 may contribute by promoting @entity65 . METHODS: We conducted a randomized clinical trial comparing sevelamer, a non-absorbed polymer, with @entity460 -based @entity1391 binders in 200 hemodialysis @entity1 . Study outcomes included the targeted concentrations of serum @entity3151 , @entity460 , and intact @entity461 ( @entity461 ), and @entity730 of the coronary arteries and thoracic aorta using a @entity730 score derived from electron beam tomography. RESULTS: Sevelamer and @entity460 provided equivalent control of serum @entity3151 (end-of-study values 5.1 +/- 1.2 and 5.1 +/- 1.4 mg/dL, respectively, P = 0.33). Serum @entity460 concentration was significantly higher in the @entity460 -treated group (P = 0.002), and @entity2741 was more common (16% vs. 5% with sevelamer, P = 0.04). More subjects in the @entity460 group had end-of-study intact @entity461 below the target of 150 to 300 pg/mL (57% vs. 30%, P = 0.001). At study completion, the median absolute @entity460 score in the coronary arteries and aorta increased significantly in the @entity460 treated subjects but not in the sevelamer-treated subjects (coronary arteries 36.6 vs. 0, P = 0.03 and aorta 75.1 vs. 0, P = 0.01, respectively). The median percent change in coronary artery (25% vs. 6%, P = 0.02) and aortic (28% vs. 5%, P = 0.02) @entity460 score also was significantly greater with @entity460 than with sevelamer. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with @entity460 -based @entity1391 binders, sevelamer is less likely to cause @entity2741 , low levels of @entity461 , and progressive coronary and aortic @entity730 in hemodialysis @entity1 .

title: Sevelamer attenuates the progression of coronary and aortic XXXX in hemodialysis @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity2741 :: ('MESH:D006934', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalcemia']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity461 :: ('5741', 'Gene') :: ['PTH', 'parathyroid hormone']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['Disorders of mineral metabolism']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular calcification']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity730 :: (MESH:D002114,Disease) :: ['calcification']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is critical to follow up @entity157 ( @entity157 ) after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in clinical practice. Computed tomography (CT) is used to assess @entity4831 deposition, whereas it is difficult to @entity5 masked by @entity4831 . In contrast, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is superior to CT in showing @entity5 , but cannot display @entity4831 deposition. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the value of spectral CT imaging in both @entity4831 deposition and @entity5 for @entity157 @entity1 after TACE. @entity1 AND METHODS: Ten @entity157 @entity1 after treated with TACE underwent Discovery CT750 HD and MRI750 3T examination. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of @entity1496 -based material decomposition images, monochromatic images and conventional CT images were generated. RESULTS: Consequently, 30 residual lesions were detected in MRI of 10 @entity1 . They were found in @entity1496 -based images and monochromatic images versus 29 in conventional CT images. The area under ROC curves for the lesion-to-normal parenchyma ratio (LNR) on arterial phase (AP) in @entity1496 -based material decomposition images, monochromatic images and conventional CT images were 0.933, 0.833 and 0.817, respectively. CONCLUSION: The study data highlighted good value of @entity1496 -based material decomposition images of spectral CT in assessment of both @entity4831 deposition and @entity5 for follow-up of @entity157 @entity1 previously treated with TACE.

title: Assessment of @entity4831 Deposition and @entity5 for @entity157 After Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization via XXXX -Based Material Decomposition Images with Spectral Computed Tomography Imaging: A Preliminary Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['residual cancer', 'assess hypovascular residual cancer']

entities_list: @entity4831 :: ('MESH:D004998', 'Chemical') :: ['lipiodol']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity1496 :: (MESH:D007455,Chemical) :: ['Iodine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether intakes of @entity9495 , @entity560 , casein and whey are associated with @entity2521 and to investigate the possibility of interactions between them. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. An Internet-based, 267-item FFQ was used to assess dietary intake. Intakes of casein (32  0 g/d), whey proteins (9  6 g/d) and @entity560 (5  8  g/d) were classified as within v. above the 50th percentile. @entity9495 intake was classified as within v. below age-specific recommendations. Severe @entity2521 was defined as having >= 2 inter-proximal sites with clinical attachment loss >= 6 mm (not on the same tooth) and >= 1 inter-proximal site with pocket depth >= 5 mm. Since @entity560 influences @entity9495 absorption, models were stratified by lower and higher (<5  8 v. >= 5  8   g/d) @entity560 intake. SETTING: Danish Health Examination Survey (DANHES) 2007-2008. SUBJECTS: Adult @entity1 (n 3287) in the oral health study of DANHES 2007-2008. RESULTS: Intakes of @entity9495 within recommendations (OR=0  76; 95 % CI 0  58, 0  99), whey >= 9  6 g/d (OR=0  75; 95 % CI 0  58, 0  97) and casein >= 32 g/d (OR=0  75 95 % CI 0  58, 0  97) were associated with lower likelihood of severe @entity2521 after adjustment for age, gender, education, smoking, sucrose intake, @entity285 consumption, number of teeth, daily brushing, regular visits to the dentist and @entity102 , irrespective of @entity560 intake levels. Intake of @entity560 alone was not associated severe with @entity2521 . CONCLUSIONS: Intakes of @entity9495 , casein and whey protein were inversely associated with @entity2521 . Consumption of foods rich in @entity9495 , casein and whey (e.g. dairy foods) should be promoted, as they may contribute to the prevention of @entity2521 . Further longitudinal studies are required to confirm these associations.

title: Calcium, @entity560 , casein and whey protein intakes and XXXX among Danish adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illness']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity2521 :: (MESH:D010518,Disease) :: ['periodontitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: B cells play a central role in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ). Rituximab is expected to induce apoptosis of all the @entity2225 -positive B cells. A proportion of @entity1 are refractory or intolerant to standard immunosuppression. These are candidate to new therapeutic options. METHODS: Eight @entity1 [six @entity1 , two @entity1 , mean age 41-year-old (27-51), with severe multiorgan involvement (kidney, skin, nervous system, @entity625 , @entity827 , @entity1701 )] were considered eligible for an intensive combination therapy including rituximab. Rituximab was administered (dose 375 mg/m(2)) on Days #2, 8, 15 and 22. Two more doses were administered 1 and 2 months following the last weekly infusion. This treatment was combined with two pulses of 750 mg @entity786 (Days #4 and 17) and three pulses of 15 mg/kg (Days #1, 4 and 8) @entity1667 followed by oral @entity229 , 50 mg for 2 weeks rapidly tapered until 5 mg in 2 months. Response was evaluated by assessing the changes in clinical signs and symptoms [Systemic Lupus @entity66 Activity Index (SLEDAI score)] and laboratory parameters for at least 12 months. RESULTS: Levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and anti-double-strand DNA antibodies significantly decreased (P < 0.01 at 12 months), whereas C3 and mainly C4 values increased at 6 months (P < 0.01 for C4). @entity644 improved in the cases with renal involvement (P < 0.01 at 3, 6 and 12 months). SLEDAI score improved moving from the mean 17.3 (12-27) before therapy to 3.1 (1-5) after rituximab treatment. Constitutional symptoms including @entity4841 , @entity425 and @entity221 disappeared in all the previously affected @entity1 ; paresthesia improved in the four @entity1 with @entity305 and @entity272 gradually resolved in the @entity1 with @entity39 skin ulcers at presentation. @entity137 were negligible. CONCLUSIONS: Long-lasting remissions were obtained in @entity1 with severe @entity1252 and major organ involvement by this intensive administration of rituximab combined with low doses of intravenous @entity786 and @entity1667 pulses followed by a rapid tapering of @entity229 to 5 mg/day as a sole maintenance therapy.

title: Intensive short-term treatment with rituximab, @entity786 and XXXX pulses induces remission in severe cases of @entity1252 with nephritis and avoids further immunosuppressive maintenance therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['Proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Drug side effects']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['polyarthritis']

entities_list: @entity827 :: ('MESH:D010505', 'Disease') :: ['polyserositis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Erythematosus Disease']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['antiphospholipid antibody syndrome']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

answer: @entity1667 :: (MESH:D008775,Chemical) :: ['methylprednisolone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify clinical factors associated with requiring more than a single course of @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) to achieve remission among @entity1 with low-risk postmolar @entity1469 ( @entity1469 ). METHODS: We studied 150 @entity1 with persistent @entity1469 after diagnosis of complete (n=110) or partial mole (n=40) to identify possible predictors of requiring additional treatment after a single treatment of @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ). All @entity1 had low-risk disease using FIGO and WHO scoring systems. RESULTS: Seventy @entity1 (47%) required additional courses of chemotherapy, of whom 45 (64%) received chemotherapy other than @entity1500 . Multivariate analysis revealed that complete mole histology, presence of @entity3 , single day @entity1500 infusion and any increase in serum beta @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) level 1 week after @entity1500 therapy were independent predictors of requiring additional @entity1500 or alternative chemotherapy. Dilatation and curettage (D+C) within 1 week after the diagnosis of persistence did not affect future chemotherapy requirements (p>0.64). Following complete mole, beta-hCG levels >2000 mIU/mL at 1 week post @entity1500 were associated with a 89% risk of additional cycles chemotherapy including @entity1500 and a 65% risk of alternative chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 , @entity1500 infusion protocol and complete mole histology were independently associated with the need for additional chemotherapy after an initial course of @entity1500 for @entity1 with low risk @entity1469 . D+C at persistence did not alter the chemotherapy requirement. Elevated beta-hCG level at 1 week after the initial course of @entity1500 was also an independent factor predicting the need for additional courses of @entity1500 or alternative chemotherapy.

title: Evaluating XXXX treatment in @entity1 with low-risk postmolar @entity1469 .

entities_list: @entity1469 :: ('MESH:D031901', 'Disease') :: ['gestational trophoblastic neoplasia', 'GTN']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'Metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['Methotrexate', 'methotrexate']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Protein receptor conformations, obtained from @entity74 ( @entity74 ) simulations, have become a promising treatment of its explicit flexibility in molecular docking experiments applied to drug discovery and development. However, incorporating the entire ensemble of @entity74 conformations in docking experiments to screen large candidate compound libraries is currently an unfeasible task. Clustering algorithms have been widely used as a means to reduce such ensembles to a manageable size. Most studies investigate different algorithms using pairwise Root-Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) values for all, or part of the @entity74 conformations. Nevertheless, the RMSD only may not be the most appropriate gauge to cluster conformations when the target receptor has a plastic active site, since they are influenced by changes that occur on other parts of the structure. Hence, we have applied two partitioning methods (k-means and k-medoids) and four agglomerative hierarchical methods (Complete linkage, Ward's, Unweighted Pair Group Method and Weighted Pair Group Method) to analyze and compare the quality of partitions between a data set composed of properties from an enzyme receptor substrate-binding cavity and two data sets created using different RMSD approaches. Ensembles of representative @entity74 conformations were generated by selecting a medoid of each group from all partitions analyzed. We investigated the performance of our new method for evaluating binding conformation of drug candidates to the @entity11225 enzyme, which were performed by cross-docking experiments between a 20 ns @entity74 trajectory and 20 different ligands. Statistical analyses showed that the novel ensemble, which is represented by only 0.48% of the @entity74 conformations, was able to reproduce 75% of all dynamic behaviors within the binding cavity for the docking experiments performed. Moreover, this new approach not only outperforms the other two RMSD-clustering solutions, but it also shows to be a promising strategy to distill biologically relevant information from @entity74 trajectories, especially for docking purposes.

title: An Effective Approach for Clustering XXXX Molecular Dynamics Trajectory Using Substrate-Binding Cavity Features.

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['molecular dynamics', 'MD']

answer: @entity11225 :: (3623,Gene) :: ['InhA']


abstract: The electrophysiologic effects and safety of @entity3988 administered either intravenously or orally were studied in 14 @entity1 with @entity3153 during orthodromic reentrant @entity591 and @entity955 ( @entity955 ). Anterograde and retrograde effective refractory periods of the accessory pathway did not change significantly from baseline during either i.v. or oral administration. Administration by either route prevented induction of sustained reentrant @entity591 in 8 @entity1 . In 6 @entity1 , the reentrant @entity591 was either nonsustained (2 @entity1 ) or sustained at much slower rates than the baseline rates (mean +/- standard deviation, baseline, 290 +/- 41 ms; i.v., 355 +/- 40 ms [p less than 0.001]; and oral, 377 +/- 33 ms [p less than 0.001]). In these @entity1 anterograde atrioventricular conduction was prolonged significantly from the mean baseline value of 163 +/- 36 ms to 212 +/- 35 ms with i.v. administration (p less than 0.005) and 225 +/- 33 ms with oral administration (p less than 0.005). Retrograde conduction via the accessory pathway did not change significantly after administration of @entity3988 . The shortest preexcited RR intervals during @entity955 were significantly reduced during i.v. but not during oral administration: control, 327 +/- 47 ms; i.v., 270 +/- 28 ms (p less than 0.001); and oral, 323 +/- 44 ms (difference not significant). In 5 @entity1 @entity955 was sustained for a mean of 20 minutes after i.v. and for 12 minutes after oral administration (p less than 0.20), compared with a baseline mean value of 0.83 minute.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Efficacy and safety of intravenous and oral XXXX for @entity3153 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3988 :: ('MESH:D004110', 'Chemical') :: ['diltiazem']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity3153 :: ('MESH:D014927', 'Disease') :: ['Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome']

answer: @entity3988 :: (MESH:D004110,Chemical) :: ['diltiazem']


abstract: The objective of this study was to assess whether resident exposure to liver transplantation anesthesia results in improved @entity1 care during a simulated critical care scenario. Our hypothesis was that anesthesia residents exposed to liver transplantation anesthesia care would be able to identify and treat a simulated @entity6564 crisis after reperfusion more appropriately than residents who have not been involved in liver transplantation anesthesia care. Participation in liver transplantation anesthesia is not a mandatory component of the curriculum of anesthesiology training programs in the United States. It is unclear whether exposure to liver transplantation anesthesia is beneficial for skill set development. A high-fidelity @entity1 @entity1 simulation scenario was developed. Times for administration of @entity1425 , @entity12374 , and secondary @entity4144 treatment were recorded. A total of 25 residents with similar training levels participated: 13 residents had previous liver transplantation experience (OLT), whereas 12 residents had not been previously exposed to liver transplantations (non-OLT). The OLT group performed better in recognizing and treating the @entity6564 crisis than the non-OLT group. Pharmacologic therapy for @entity4144 was given earlier (OLT 53.3    27.0 seconds versus non-OLT 148    104.1 seconds; P < 0.01) and hemodynamics restored quicker (OLT 87.9    24.9 seconds versus non-OLT 219.9    87.1 seconds; P < 0.01). Simulation-based assessment of clinical skills is a useful tool for evaluating anesthesia resident performance during an intraoperative crisis situation related to liver transplantations. Previous liver transplantation experience improves the anesthesia resident's ability to recognize and treat @entity6564 @entity1167 .

title: The impact of exposure to liver transplantation anesthesia on the ability to treat intraoperative XXXX : a simulation experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity6564 :: ('MESH:D020513', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkalemic']

entities_list: @entity12374 :: ('MESH:D002122', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium chloride']

entities_list: @entity4144 :: ('MESH:D006947', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkalemia']

answer: @entity4144 :: (MESH:D006947,Disease) :: ['hyperkalemia']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of @entity10055 ( @entity18253 ) as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of @entity157 ( @entity157 ). METHODS: BALB/c @entity19 were randomized into four groups 24 h before subcutaneous injection of hepatocarcinoma BEL7402 cells suspended in @entity4613 buffered saline (PBS) into the right flank. The control group (n = 10) was fed a standard diet while treatment groups (n = 10 each) were fed a standard daily diet supplemented with different concentrations of @entity18253 (30, 50 and 70 mg/kg per day) for 21 d. @entity5 growth was measured once each week, and @entity5 volume (V) was calculated with the following equation: V = (L * W(2)) * 0.52, where L is the length and W is the width of the xenograft. After 21 d, @entity19 were killed under ether anesthesia, and @entity5 were excised and weighed. Apoptosis was evaluated through detection of DNA fragmentation with gel electrophoresis and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated @entity1977 - @entity1885 nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of apoptosis-related proteins @entity1380 , @entity1379 , @entity49302 , cleaved @entity7349 , and cleaved @entity185 . RESULTS: @entity18253 suppressed @entity5 growth relative to controls. The mean @entity5 volumes were the following: control, 1090    89 mm(3); 30 mg/kg per day, 612    46 mm(3); 50 mg/kg per day, 563    38 mm(3); and 70 mg/kg per day, 221    26 mm(3). @entity5 volumes reached statistical significance relative to control xenografts (30 mg/kg per day, P < 0.05; 50 mg/kg per day, P < 0.05; 70 mg/kg per day, P < 0.01). Increasing concentrations of @entity18253 led to increased DNA fragmentation observed on gel electrophoresis and in the TUNEL assay (control, 1.6%    0.3%; 30 mg/kg per day, 2.9%    0.5%; 50 mg/kg per day, 3.15%    0.7%, and 70 mg/kg per day, 4.86%    0.9%). Western blot analysis revealed increased expression of @entity1380 , @entity49302 , cleaved- @entity7349 and cleaved- @entity185 proteins, which induce apoptosis, but decreased expression of @entity1379 protein, which is an inhibitor of apoptosis, following administration of @entity18253 . CONCLUSION: @entity18253 suppresses growth of BEL7402 @entity157 cells in vivo, in part through apoptosis induction, and is thus a candidate for therapeutic treatment of @entity157 .

title: @entity10055 induces apoptosis in @entity157 xenografts in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'Decreased tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity10055 :: ('MESH:D014580', 'Chemical') :: ['ursodeoxycholic acid']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: With increasing laparoscopic surgery experience and improved new vessel-sealing equipment, @entity302 ( @entity302 ) for splenectomy has emerged as an alternative to multiport laparoscopy, but the application of @entity302 for @entity381 is still challenging due to technical difficulties. The aim of this study was to describe the suture suspension technique contributing to @entity302 for @entity7276 ( @entity7276 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted to evaluate all @entity302 for @entity381 performed by a single surgeon. On preoperative ultrasonography, the spleen size index ranged from 0.67 to 0.82. An umbilical incision was used for the placement of a multichannel single port. To provide excellent exposure of the splenic hilum, a needle with a 1-0 suture was percutaneously introduced from the left hypochondriac region and then penetrated out the anterior chest wall for suspending the enlarged spleen. Dissection was facilitated by the use of a 5-mm curved reusable grasper and a 5-mm Harmonic(  ) scalpel (Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Cincinnati, @entity2145 ), and the splenic vessels were ligated with 5-mm Weck(  ) Hem-o-lok(  ) clips (Teleflex(  ), Morrisville, NC). The resected spleen was placed in an endosurgical bag, morcellated, and removed from the abdomen via the umbilical incision. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 underwent @entity302 during the study period without conversion to open procedures or requiring additional ports. The suture suspension technique was successfully used and markedly improved the exposure of the splenic hilum. The operative time was 122.6  31.2 minutes, and the extracted spleen weight was 562  74.5   g (range, 420-1260   g). No intraoperative or postoperative complications were recorded. The umbilical incision healed well with a satisfactory cosmetic effect. CONCLUSIONS: Our outcome shows the suture suspension enables safe and feasible usage of @entity302 for the management of @entity381 in @entity1 with @entity7276 . More experience is needed to assess advantages and disadvantages compared with the standard laparoscopic approach.

title: Single-Incision Laparoscopic Splenectomy Using the Suture Suspension Technique for @entity381 in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity7276 :: ('MESH:D013103', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary spherocytosis', 'HS']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['single-incision laparoscopic surgery', 'SILS']

answer: @entity7276 :: (MESH:D013103,Disease) :: ['Hereditary Spherocytosis']


abstract: The skeletal muscle in aged @entity35 adapts rapidly following a period of exercise. This adaptation includes structural remodeling and biochemical changes such as an up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes, content of stress and @entity1457 proteins (HSPs). However, the associated molecular mechanisms mediating different types of exercise training-induced adaptations are not yet completely understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of duration and frequency exercise on the expression of HSPs, antioxidant enzymes, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) in the skeletal muscles of aged @entity35 . Young (3-month-old) and aged (20-month-old) male @entity35 were randomly assigned to 6 groups and extensor digitorum longus (EDL; fast twitch muscle fiber) and soleus (SOL; slow twitch muscle fiber) skeletal muscles were collected immediately. The expression pattern of HSPs in skeletal muscles was decreased in old groups compared with young groups. Especially, HSPs showed lower expression in SOL than EDL muscle. Interestingly, HSPs in aged @entity35 was increased significantly after S1 (single long-duration; 1*30 min, 5 days/week for 6 weeks) and M1 types (multiple short-duration; 3*10 min  day(-1), 5 days  week(-1) for 6 weeks) than S2 (single long-duration; 1*30 min, 3 days/week for 6 weeks) and M2 (multiple short-duration; 3*10 min  day(-1), 3 days  week(-1) for 6 weeks) types of exercise training. Also, @entity224 dismutase (SODs) showed similar expression as HSP did. On the contrary, the p-ERK and p-JNK were down regulated. In addition, p-p38 level in the SOL muscle was activated markedly in all exercise groups. These results demonstrate that increasing of HSP expression through duration and frequency exercise can lead to protection and training-induced adaptation against aging-induced @entity425 . Key pointsThe expression of @entity1457 proteins (HSPs) in aged @entity35 was increased significantly after single long-duration (S1) and multiple short-duration (M1) types than S2 and M2 types of exercise training in soleus (SOL) skeletal muscles.Superoxide dismutase (SODs) showed similar expression as HSPs did. On the contrary, the p-ERK and p-JNK were down regulated. In addition, p-p38 level in the SOL muscle was activated markedly in all exercise groups.Induction of HSPs and SODs by high duration and frequency of exercise training such as S1 and M1 types with concomitant MAPKs pathway depending on the type of muscles.The frequency and duration of exercise training could affect the functional adaptation and protection against aging-induced @entity425 through changing expression of related molecules.

title: Expression of XXXX Proteins (HSPs) in Aged Skeletal Muscles Depends on the Frequency and Duration of Exercise Training.

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['structural weakness in skeletal muscles', 'structural weakness of skeletal muscles']

answer: @entity1457 :: (MESH:D012769,Disease) :: ['Heat Shock']