abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity190 after cardiac surgery can be caused by impaired platelet (PLT) function after cardiopulmonary bypass. Desmopressin or @entity7062 ( @entity7062 ) is a synthetic analog of vasopressin. @entity7062 can increase the level of @entity2880 factor VIII, thus it may enhance PLT function and improve coagulation. In this study, we assessed the effects of @entity7062 on @entity1423 and @entity190 in @entity1 undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS: A total of 102 @entity1 undergoing valvular heart surgery (from October 2010 to June 2011) were divided into @entity7062 group (n = 52) and control group (n = 50). A dose of @entity7062 (0.3  g/kg) was administered to the @entity1 intravenously when they were being re-warmed. At the same time, an equal volume of saline was given to the @entity1 in the control group. @entity1423 rate was measured with the AggRAM four-way @entity1423 measurement instrument. The @entity190 and transfusion, hemoglobin levels, PLT counts, and urine outputs at different time were recorded and compared. RESULTS: The postoperative @entity190 in the first 6 h was significantly reduced in @entity7062 group (202    119 ml vs. 258    143 ml, P = 0.023). The incidence of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion was decreased postoperatively in @entity7062 group (3.8% vs. 12%, P = 0.015). There was no significant difference in the @entity1423 , urine volumes, red blood cell transfusions and @entity190 after 24 h between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: A single dose of @entity7062 can reduce the first 6 h @entity190 and FFP transfusion postoperatively in @entity1 undergoing valvular heart surgery, but has no effect on @entity1423 .

title: Effect of desmopressin on XXXX and @entity190 in @entity1 undergoing valvular heart surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7062 :: ('MESH:D003894', 'Chemical') :: ['DDAVP', '1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['PLT aggregation']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss', 'Blood loss']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['von Willebrand factor and coagulation']

answer: @entity1423 :: (MESH:D001791,Disease) :: ['platelet aggregation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity250 is one of several factors related to medication compliance in patients taking antipsychotic medication but the magnitude of this problem is unknown. AIM: Compare the self-reported sexual functioning of clinically stable @entity1 with @entity161 taking antipsychotic medication to that of healthy controls using the Turkish version of the 5-item Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX). This scale, which has previously been validated in @entity233 , assesses 5 components of sexual function: sex drive, sexual arousal, vaginal lubrication/penile erection, ability to achieve orgasm, and satisfaction with orgasm. METHODS: The Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms, and ASEX were administered to 101 clinically stable outpatients with @entity161 (38 females and 63 males). The ASEX was also administered to 89 control subjects (41 females and 48 males) without a history of @entity1032 . Respondents were classified as having @entity250 if ASEX total score (range 5-30) >18, if any ASEX item score (range 1-6) >=  5, or if 3 or more ASEX items >= 4. RESULTS: Male @entity1 with @entity161 have significantly more self-reported @entity250 than healthy controls (46% vs. 8%). The prevalence of @entity250 is higher in female @entity1 than in male @entity1 (68% vs. 46%), but it was also very high in healthy female controls (68%), so the @entity250 of female @entity1 cannot be attributed to their illness or to the medications they are taking. Within the @entity1 group, there was no significant relationship between the severity of positive or negative symptoms and the severity of @entity250 , and the severity of sexual function was not different between @entity1 taking first-generation or second-generation antipsychotic medications. CONCLUSIONS: The very different findings by gender in @entity233 highlights the importance of assessing location-specific and gender-specific sexual norms when trying to assess the role of @entity1032 and medications on sexual functioning. Prospective studies are needed to distinguish the relative importance of cultural norms, the @entity161 , and the use of antipsychotic medication in the etiology and course of @entity250 among individuals with @entity161 .

title: XXXX in outpatients with @entity161 in @entity233 : a cross-sectional study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'schizophrenic illness']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction', 'Sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity250 :: (MESH:D012735,Disease) :: ['Sexual dysfunction']


abstract: We investigated the associations between @entity299 and some housing- and individual-related variables using the canonical correspondence analysis (CCOA) method in lactating Holstein-Friesian dairy @entity291 . We collected a total of 5200 5-min interbeat interval (IBI) samples from 260 animals on five commercial dairy farms [smaller-scale farms with 70 (Farm 1, n = 50) and 80 @entity291 per farm (Farm 2, n = 40), and larger-scale farms with 850 (Farm 3, n = 66), 1900 (Farm 4, n = 60) and 1200 (Farm 5, n = 45) @entity291 . Dependent variables included HRV parameters, which reflect the activity of the autonomic nervous system: heart rate (HR), the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) in IBIs, the standard deviation 1 (SD1), the high frequency (HF) component of HRV and the ratio between the @entity4365 ( @entity4365 ) and the HF parameter ( @entity4365 /HF). Explanatory variables were group size, space allowance, milking frequency, parity, daily milk yield, body condition score, locomotion score, farm, season and physical activity (lying, lying and rumination, standing, standing and rumination and feeding). Physical activity involved in standing, feeding and in rumination was associated with HRV parameters, indicating a decreasing sympathetic and an increasing vagal tone in the following order: feeding, standing, standing and rumination, lying and rumination, lying. Objects representing summer positioned close to HR and @entity4365 and far from SD1, RMSSD and HF indicate a higher sympathetic and a lower vagal activity. Objects representing autumn, spring and winter associated with increasing vagal activity, in this order. Time-domain measures of HRV were associated with most of the housing- and individual-related explanatory variables. Higher HR and lower RMSSD and SD1 were associated with higher group size, milking frequency, parity and milk yield, and low space allowance. Higher parity and milk yield were associated with higher sympathetic activity as well (higher @entity4365 /HF), while individuals with lower locomotion scores (lower degree of @entity1273 ) were characterized with a higher sympathetic and a lower vagal tone (higher HR and @entity4365 /HF and lower RMSSD and SD1). Our findings indicate that the CCOA method is useful in demonstrating associations between HRV and selected explanatory variables. We consider physical activity, space allowance, group size, milking frequency, parity, daily milk yield, locomotion score and season to be the most important variables in further HRV studies on dairy @entity291 .

title: Associations between Heart Rate Variability Parameters and Housing- and Individual-Related Variables in Dairy XXXX Using Canonical Correspondence Analysis.

entities_list: @entity4365 :: ('MESH:C565121', 'Disease') :: ['low frequency', 'LF']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart rate variability (HRV) parameters']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['Cows']


abstract: Medical therapy for @entity699 due to bilateral @entity774 (BMAH) is generally administered for a limited time before surgery. Aberrant receptors antagonists show inconsistent efficacy in the long run to prevent adrenalectomy. We present a @entity1 with BMAH, treated for 10 years with low doses of @entity3102 to control @entity701 secretion. A 48-year-old @entity1 presented with @entity10 and @entity101 . Investigations showed the following: no clinical signs of @entity699 ; enlarged lobulated adrenals; normal @entity1011 , @entity972 , and @entity1369 ; normal urinary @entity1369 and metanephrines; elevated urinary free @entity701 and @entity134 metabolites; and suppressed plasma @entity916 activity and ACTH. A screening protocol for aberrant adrenal receptors failed to show any illegitimate hormone dependence. @entity3102 caused rapid normalisation of @entity701 and ACTH that persists over 10 years on treatment, while adrenals show no change in shape or size. @entity3102 decreases @entity701 in @entity1 with @entity699 , and may prevent @entity774 . @entity134 secretion in BMAH is inefficient as compared with normal adrenals or secreting @entity5 and can be controlled with low, well-tolerated doses of @entity3102 , as an alternative to surgery. LEARNING POINTS: Enlarged, macronodular adrenals are often incidentally found during the investigation of @entity101 in @entity1 harboring BMAH. Although laboratory findings include low ACTH and elevated @entity701 , the majority of @entity1 do not display cushingoid features.Bilateral adrenalectomy, followed by life-long @entity134 replacement, is the usual treatment of this benign condition, and alternative medical therapy is sought. Therapy based on aberrant adrenal receptors gives disappointing results, and inhibitors of steroidogenesis are not always well tolerated.However, @entity3102 at low, well-tolerated doses appeared appropriate to control adrenal @entity134 secretion indefinitely, while preventing @entity774 . This treatment probably constitutes the most convenient long-term alternative to surgery.

title: Long-term low-dose XXXX treatment in bilateral @entity774 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity3102 :: ('MESH:D007654', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoconazole', 'Ketoconazole']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ["Cushing's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid', 'Steroid']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal overgrowth', 'macronodular adrenal hyperplasia']

answer: @entity3102 :: (MESH:D007654,Chemical) :: ['ketoconazole']


abstract: Shunt revision is inevitable in most shunted hydrocephalic @entity1 but the revisions rarely affect the prognosis markedly. This report presents the case of an otherwise healthy @entity1 who, after an uneventful gestation and birth, manifested @entity1276 in the neonatal period and was shunted at the age of 3 months. His subsequent development and school performance were normal until the age of 10 years, when he developed his first episode of @entity409 . During the emergency shunt revision, @entity548 occurred, causing @entity16 and signs. In the promptly undertaken reoperation external drainage was inserted but accidentally without a functioning air needle. The intracranial pressure (ICP) rose to 40 cm @entity2507 before correction. These incidents were followed by a 4-month period of unstable shunt function (12 reoperations) and deteriorating neurology. When stable shunt function was eventually achieved, he had severe @entity1159 , minimal active motor function and no active speech. During a 2-year period of rehabilitation, he recovered almost normal motor function and normal intellectual function. Memory functions, vigilance and concentration span remained clearly subnormal. He returned to normal school and his performance is average. It is concluded that the relatively favourable outcome is the probable result of reversible partial @entity3976 and @entity428 .

title: Clinical outcome after near-fatal late shunt complication in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity3976 :: ('MESH:D004677', 'Disease') :: ['herniation']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraventricular haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['increased ICP']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['acute neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['shunt dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['contractures']

answer: @entity1276 :: (MESH:D006849,Disease) :: ['hydrocephalus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although several echo-Doppler methods were proposed to optimize atrioventricular (AV) delay in @entity1 with sequential ventricular pacing, "echo-guided" AV optimization has not been widely adopted clinically. A combination of @entity450 ( @entity450 ) and pulmonary venous flow (PVF) measurements may be beneficial to further optimize AV delay to achieve better cardiac function. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and usefulness of AV delay optimization by combined use of @entity450 and PVF. METHODS: A total of 32 @entity1 after sequential ventricular pacemaker implantation were enrolled and studied. The optimal AV delay was defined as the timing to minimize the duration between PVF reversal (a) wave and the duration of the "A" wave of @entity450 . @entity64 volume was measured at the "optimized" AV delay (AVDOPT) and was compared with that obtained at shorter (AVDOPT  -  50  ms) and longer (AVDOPT  +  50  ms) AV delays. RESULTS: AV optimization was feasible in 27 of 32 @entity1 (87  %). @entity64 volume at AVDOPT was significantly higher than that at shorter or longer AV delay (63      18  ml vs. 57      15  ml vs. 56      16  ml, P  =  0.001). CONCLUSIONS: AV delay optimization using @entity450 and PV flow was feasible. Usefulness of this method requires further investigation with a larger study population.

title: Feasibility of a novel atrioventricular delay optimization method using transmitral and pulmonary venous flow in XXXX with sequential ventricular pacing or cardiac resynchronization therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['trasmitral flow', 'TMF']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: " NlmCategory=: Elastography is a new method of assessment of lymph node consistency. The majority of papers focus on metastases detection of head and neck or @entity0 . The typical desmoplastic reaction in connective tissue stroma in @entity5 , which is responsible for tissue's hardening, is seen in @entity706 frequently. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Study of 15 @entity1 with active Hodgkin and @entity1893 and 16 previously treated @entity1 with no evidence of recurrence. A total of 60 @entity1 suffering from reactive lymphadenopathy was the control group. The size, appearance, vascularity and elastogram of lymph node was analyzed. RESULTS: Type C elastogram correlated strongly with lymph nodes which presented at least three pathologic features in 2D image. Large lymph nodes with long axis diameter over 3 cm may have 'cheese with holes' appearance rather than common type C elastogram. CONCLUSION: According to our simplified sonoelastography scoring system, type C elastogram was present mainly in @entity1 with @entity706 affecting lymph nodes, which showed all four features that we analyzed using conventional ultrasonography. This elastogram was also present in reactive lymphadenopathies. Distinctive for large lymph nodes in @entity1 with active forms of @entity706 "cheese with holes" appearance, can be considered as equal with type C image, although it is corresponding to type B sonoelastographic map.

title: Modified sonoelastographic scale score for lymph node assessment in XXXX - a preliminary report.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast tumors']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'lymphoma less', 'active lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hodgkin lymphomas']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphoma']


abstract: AIM: This study evaluated the prevalence of developmental sequelae to permanent teeth (DSP) after traumatic @entity8495 to primary teeth (TDI-1) and their association with age, gender, @entity130 , recurrence of injury and post-traumatic damage to primary teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dental records of 2725 @entity1 treated from February 1993 to December 2008 in a private pediatric dental clinic were examined. A total of 308 records had 412 primary teeth that sustained @entity130 . Age at the time of injury ranged from 4 months to 7 years. A chi-squared test and logistic regression were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: One hundred forty-eight @entity1 (241 teeth) were followed up until the eruption of the permanent successor. The prevalence of DSP was 22.4%. Discoloration and @entity509 were the most frequent abnormalities (74.1%), followed by @entity74 (25.9%). Age at the time of TDI-1 was the only variable significantly associated with DSP. Sequelae were most prevalent among @entity1 who suffered an injury between 1 and 3 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who sustain traumatic @entity8495 should be followed up regularly for an early diagnosis and treatment of possible DSP.

title: Effects of traumatic XXXX to primary teeth on permanent teeth--a clinical follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity8495 :: ('MESH:D018677', 'Disease') :: ['dental injuries']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['eruption disorders']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic injuries', 'type of injury']

answer: @entity8495 :: (MESH:D018677,Disease) :: ['dental injuries']


abstract: The distribution of axial load to the lower end of the tibia at different positions of the ankle joint for the anterior, middle, and posterior part of the joint was studied in both photoelastic models and @entity1171 in cadaveric specimens. Synthetic models were used to simulate both normal ankle joints and ankles with @entity174 of the posterior lip of the tibia. Tests were performed with the ankle at dorsiflexed, neutral-flexed, and plantarflexed positions of the ankle joint. The clinical portion of the study evaluated 15 @entity1 with @entity174 of the posterior malleolus that comprised 0% to 33% of the articular surface. All @entity1 had open reduction and internal fixation through a posterolateral or posteromedial approach, and were allowed full weight bearing in a cast within 7 days of surgery. In the simulated models, the posterior one fourth of the ankle joint remains unloaded in the majority of the cases. The stresses are greatly increased when the load is doubled and are mainly distributed to the 2 central quadrants. With additional axial load, the fourth quadrant sustained little increase in the load bearing. All @entity1 have had an uneventful recovery. By the second @entity86 , they were able to walk normally and had a painless range of motion of the ankle. By the third month, all @entity1 were able to undertake their daily activities, and all @entity174 were consolidated. The clinical relevance of this study is early weight bearing, after open reduction internal fixation of posterior malleolar @entity174 of the ankle joint, facilitates recovery, promotes @entity174 union, and allows the @entity1 to assume normal activity by the third month after surgery.

title: Early weight bearing after XXXX : an experimental and prospective clinical study.

entities_list: @entity1171 :: ('MESH:D064386', 'Disease') :: ['fractured ankle joints']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative month']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['posterior malleolar fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1358 is the most common solid @entity8 in adults worldwide. To provide the insight of clinicopathologica epidemiological characteristics and change tendencies of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ), 2154 cases were collected from Shanxi Province of China, including diagnose time, age, gender, @entity5 size, Fuhrman grade, @entity5 stage, @entity5 location, local advance or distant @entity3 and first symptom from 2005 to 2014. This retrospectively investigation, as its general objective, was to analyze the clinicopathologica epidemiological characteristics and the change tendencies of @entity1358 . METHODS: Between 2005 and 2014, 2154 @entity1 who were diagnosed with @entity1358 in three large tertiary hospitals at Shanxi Province were included. The @entity1 ' demographic features, pathological diagnoses and metastatic statuses were analyzed. Statistics methods include the chi-squared test, analysis of variance, Spearman's correlation analysis, Logistic regression and ARIMA modeling. RESULTS: Of the 2154 included @entity1 , the constituent ratio of female /male was 63.1% and 36.9%, with the median age of 57 years old. Fuhrman grade distributions differed significantly between males and females (p = 0.024). Also, a significant difference in @entity5 size was found by different clinical stages (p < 0.001), with a linear correlation (p < 0.001). Moreover, Spearman's analysis indicated @entity5 grade has a negative correlation with female (p = 0.009) and a positive correlation with @entity5 size (p = 0.000). It was found that the @entity5 diameter is bigger in the left side (p = 0.022). Furthermore, the @entity3 rate was higher in the bigger @entity5 (p < 0.001) and the left-sided @entity5 (p = 0.027). Logistic regression also showed that @entity5 size is a risk factor for @entity3 (OR = 1.724). The risk of local advance or distant @entity3 in the left kidney was 1.6-fold greater than that of the right kidney. From 2005 to 2014 the number of @entity1358 cases gradually increased (mainly for pathological grade II and III, but grade I and IV), while the average @entity5 size decreased, showing the severity increase mildly. Base on the results of a time series analysis-prediction the average @entity1358 size would continue to decrease from the first quarter of 2015 to the fourth quarter of 2016. CONCLUSIONS: The cases of @entity1358 increased from 2005 to 2014 with clear cell type as the main pathological type in this population. The characteristics in the constituent ratios of the @entity1358 vary depending on gender, pathological grade, @entity5 size, and location, which may be the important factors impacting treatment and prognosis.

title: Clinicopathologica Epidemiological Characteristics and Change XXXX in Shanxi Province of China from 2005 to 2014.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal malignancy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['Tendencies of Renal Cell Carcinoma']


abstract: Balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) plays a crucial role in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). However, data on morphology during BAV are lacking. During surgical aortic valve replacement, open BAV was performed as a non-therapeutic in-vivo model prior to aortic valve excision. Twenty-six @entity1 with severe @entity472 were included in the study after ethics committee approval. A valvuloplasty balloon was advanced from the open aorta, across the stenotic aortic valve and was rapidly inflated and deflated. All @entity1 except for one had tricuspid aortic valves with severe visible @entity730 on the aortic side of leaflets. All valves were successfully dilated. Only in the presence of severe central calcific noduli, @entity174 occurred in the middle portion of the leaflets in three and in the commissural part in four @entity1 . No embolization of @entity340 occurred, however, ten coronary leaflets partially reached coronary orifices, resulting in three near-obstructions. The present study visualized for the first time the behaviour of bulky leaflet calcifications during valvuloplasty. @entity174 in the middle portion of the free edge may occur whenever a huge @entity730 completely affects the whole leaflet area. No signs of embolization were observed, possibly explaining low @entity64 rates during TAVI procedures.

title: Open balloon aortic valvuloplasty in XXXX : implications for transcatheter aortic valve implantations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular debris']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'Fractures']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

answer: @entity472 :: (MESH:D001024,Disease) :: ['aortic stenosis']


abstract: RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To compare the relative performance of one-dimensional (1D) manual, rigid-translational, and nonrigid registration techniques to correct misalignment of @entity2 anatomy acquired from computed tomography perfusion (CTp) datasets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five datasets in @entity1 with @entity2 who had undergone a CTp protocol were evaluated. Each dataset consisted of one reference CT image from an initial cine slab and six subsequent breathhold helical volumes (16-row multi-detector CT), acquired during intravenous contrast administration. Each helical volume was registered to the reference image using two semiautomated intensity-based registration methods (rigid-translational and nonrigid), and 1D manual registration (the only registration method available in the relevant application software). The performance of each technique to align @entity5 regions was assessed quantitatively (percent overlap and distance of center of mass), and by a visual validation study (using a 5-point scale). The registration methods were statistically compared using linear mixed and ordinal probit regression models. RESULTS: Quantitatively, @entity5 alignment with the nonrigid method compared to rigid-translation was borderline significant, which in turn was significantly better than the 1D manual method: average (   SD) percent overlap, 91.8    2.3%, 87.7    5.5%, and 77.6    5.9%, respectively; and average (   SD) DCOM, 0.41    0.16 mm, 1.08    1.13 mm, and 2.99    2.93 mm, respectively (all P < .0001). Visual validation confirmed these findings. CONCLUSION: Semiautomated registration methods achieved superior @entity2 compared to the 1D manual method. This will hopefully translate into more reliable CTp analyses.

title: Semiautomated motion correction of XXXX in lung CT-perfusion studies.

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumors', 'alignment of lung tumors', 'lung tumor']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumors']


abstract: For more than 50 years @entity4625 bone cements have been used in orthopaedic surgery. In this study attempts were made to show whether cultured @entity1 bone marrow cells (HBMC) show an osteogenetic response resulting in new bone formation, production of extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell differentiation when they were cultured onto polymerized @entity4625 ( @entity4625 )- @entity692 (HA), conventional @entity4625 bone cement being taken as reference. Biocompatibility parameters were collagen-I and -II synthesis, the detection of the osteoblast markers @entity623 ( @entity623 ) and osteocalcin, the number of adherent cells and the cytodifferentiation of immunocompetent cells. Cement surface structure, HA stability in culture medium and chemical element analysis of specimens were considered. Fresh marrow cells were obtained from the @entity1 femora during hip replacement. Incubation time was up to ten weeks. We used atomic forced microscopy (AFM) and @entity4653 ( @entity4653 ) for cement specimen analysis. Fluorescent activated cell sorter (FACS), immunohistochemical staining. @entity4653 and light microscopy (LM) served us to judge the cellular morphology. Products of the extracellular matrix were analyzed by protein dot blot analysis, @entity4653 energy dispersive X-ray analysis ( @entity4653 -EDX) and @entity141 / @entity23548 - detection. HA particles increased the osteogenetic potential of @entity4625 bone cement regarding the cellular production of collagen, @entity623 (AP), the number of osteoblasts and the cellular differentiation pattern in vitro. Both tested cements showed good biocompatibility in a @entity1 long-term bone marrow cell-culture system.

title: Comprehensive biocompatibility testing of a new @entity4625 -hA bone cement versus conventional XXXX cement in vitro.

entities_list: @entity4625 :: ('MESH:D019904', 'Chemical') :: ['polymethylmethacrylate', 'PMMA']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity623 :: ('250', 'Gene') :: ['ALP', 'alkaline phosphatase']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['scanning electron microscopy', 'SEM']

answer: @entity4625 :: (MESH:D019904,Chemical) :: ['PMMA']


abstract: @entity3181 is characterized by @entity3181 . We describe a @entity1 with a huge caudate lobe of the liver due to @entity3181 . A 49-year-old @entity1 was referred to Nippon Medical School Hospital to receive treatment for enlarged @entity2312 . She had been followed up for @entity28406 with @entity409 for 7 years and had undergone surgery for @entity189 5 years earlier. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed @entity2312 without esophageal varices. Abdominal computed tomography revealed obstructions and scars of the right, middle, and left hepatic veins. The caudate lobe was enlarged, and the portal vein was displaced ventrally, without @entity715 . The drainage vein of the caudate lobe, the short hepatic vein on the left side of the inferior vena cava, was dilated. The portal vein and drainage vein of segment 6 were visualized and showed no @entity194 . Venography revealed no obstruction of the inferior vena cava. @entity3181 with @entity2312 was diagnosed on the basis of these findings. We performed balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration and partial @entity887 to treat the @entity2312 . The posttreatment course was uneventful, and the @entity1 was discharged 8 days after embolization. The @entity2312 shrank.

title: Huge caudate lobe of the liver due to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['deformity of the liver']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['pharyngeal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity28406 :: ('MESH:C537903', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic portal hypertension']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['splenic embolization']

entities_list: @entity3181 :: ('MESH:D006502', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic venous outflow obstruction', 'Budd-Chiari syndrome']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity2312 :: ('MESH:D004932', 'Disease') :: ['gastric varices', 'solitary gastric varices']

answer: @entity3181 :: (MESH:D006502,Disease) :: ['Budd-Chiari syndrome']


abstract: Effects of @entity8777 on @entity1249 pyramidal neurons and synaptic transmission were investigated with intracellular recording in fully submerged @entity35 hippocampal slices. Superfusion with 1-4 mM @entity8777 reversibly depolarized the membrane by 15.1 +/- 1.4 mV, reduced the amplitude and broadened the duration of action potentials due to a slower rate of repolarization, without significant change in membrane conductance. When membrane potential was returned to control level by the injection of a steady outward current, action potential amplitude recovered but repolarization remained slow. The extent of depolarization was not dependent on the concentration of @entity8777 between 1 and 4 mM. @entity8777 greatly depressed orthodromic transmission evoked by the stimulation of Schaffer collateral/commissural fibers several minutes after depolarizing the @entity1249 neuron. Interruption of transmission began with a decrease in excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) amplitude and eventually EPSPs were almost eliminated. When @entity8777 was removed, it took 2-3 min for membrane potential and 10-15 min for transmission to recover. Inward currents induced by bath application of @entity14425 acting on @entity140 ( @entity140 ) receptors were also depressed. In contrast, @entity8777 enhanced @entity1024 ( @entity143 )-induced currents. This @entity841 disappeared in the absence of added @entity1025 . A reduction in @entity14425 -induced responses provided a possible explanation for the inhibition of excitatory transmission by @entity8777 .

title: Effects of ammonium ions on synaptic transmission and on responses to @entity14425 and XXXX in hippocampal @entity1249 pyramidal neurons in vitro.

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity14425 :: ('MESH:D016318', 'Chemical') :: ['quisqualate']

entities_list: @entity841 :: ('MESH:C537245', 'Disease') :: ['potentiation']

entities_list: @entity140 :: ('MESH:D018350', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid', 'AMPA']

answer: @entity1024 :: (CHEBI:31882,Chemical) :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']


abstract: Previous studies have shown that lymphocytic infiltrates of different @entity19 @entity5 contain different proportions of the T cell subsets @entity6689 + and @entity3414 +. These characteristic subset ratios may be established, at least in part, by differential locomotion of subsets in response to components of the @entity5 microenvironment, such as soluble chemotactic and chemokinetic factors, cell and stromal surfaces, @entity26 tension, and pH. We describe a new in vitro assay for determining how such microenvironmental variables affect lymphocyte locomotion. Suspended lymph node cells, alone or mixed with other cell types, are sandwiched between two layers of type I collagen gel and bathed in culture medium. A halo of locomotory cells fans out around the flattened droplet. Locomotion requires energy and exogenous protein. After a 24-hr incubation at 37 degrees C, 10% @entity515 in air, the cell density of the halo is analyzed optically and the subset ratios are characterized by immunofluorescence staining of the gel sandwich. Under standard culture conditions, the locomotory population is enriched 12% in Thy-1+ cells compared with the bulk population, and the ratio of @entity6689 + to @entity3414 + cells is significantly increased. Lymphocyte locomotion is inhibited by 1 microM @entity1421 , by decreased pH and @entity26 tension, and by the presence of normal mammary cells or mammary @entity420 cells. The @entity6689 +:2+ ratio in the locomotory population is not altered by @entity1421 but is reduced by acidity and @entity519 . The ratio is also reduced by the presence of mammary cells and cells of one of the mammary @entity420 cell lines tested (168) but not by two others (68H and 410). Our data support the hypothesis that the locomotion of T cell subsets is differentially responsive to the types of microenvironmental conditions that vary among @entity5 .

title: T cell locomotion in the XXXX microenvironment. I. A collagen-matrix assay.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'mammary tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The significance of prognostic value of DNA ploidy patterns of @entity14 has not yet been fully understood. The present study was designed to determine the prognostic value of DNA ploidy patterns for @entity14 after resection. METHODOLOGY: We have prospectively collected @entity5 specimens from 420 @entity1 with @entity14 since 1996. The DNA ploidy patterns were determined with the use of DNA flow cytometry. The correlation of DNA ploidy pattern and various characteristics of @entity5 and the prognostic significance of DNA ploidy patterns were evaluated by univariate as well as Cox's proportional hazard model. The disease-free survival curves were calculated with Kaplan-Meier's analysis, and the survival difference was determined by log-rank test. RESULTS: DNA ploidy patterns were diploid in 115 (27.4%) and aneuploid in 305 @entity1 (72.6%). The pattern of DNA ploidy did not correlate with age, gender, location, differentiation, and stage of the @entity5 . In 146 @entity1 who were followed up for at least 2 years, the disease-free survival curves were similar between the diploid and aneuploid group. Multivariate analysis disclosed that @entity5 staging was associated with the survival of @entity1 but the DNA ploidy pattern had no prognostic significance. CONCLUSIONS: The DNA ploidy pattern was not a significant prognostic factor in short-term follow-up.

title: Prognostic value of DNA ploidy patterns of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal adenocarcinomas', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal adenocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity1086 is common in Pakistan and has an extremely poor prognosis. Treatment is primarily surgical. Chemotherapy is frequently used in @entity1 with @entity1442 . This study was performed to evaluate and compare the clinicopathological features and management of @entity1086 in @entity15449 @entity1 , with particular emphasis on factors that influence survival. METHODS: Two hundred and thirty-three @entity1 with histologically proven @entity1086 were studied. Information was prospectively collected on demographic features, clinical and laboratory findings at the time of presentation, influence of therapy, and survival. Data were analyzed to evaluate variables that influenced survival. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to calculate survival. RESULTS: Most @entity1 were @entity1 (77%). Mean age was 55 years (+/-11 years). Fourteen per cent of females were nulliparous. Twenty-six per cent had five or more @entity1 . Only 4% of @entity1 had a documented history of @entity1682 . The majority (69%) had a history of symptomatic @entity1085 . The commonest presenting symptom was @entity158 (89%), followed by @entity390 and @entity391 (52%), @entity353 (42%), and @entity1087 (33%). One-quarter of @entity1 had a palpable abdominal mass. Most had abnormal hepatic function tests and 58% had @entity189 embryonic antigen levels. Stage (P < 0.001), @entity1087 (P = 0.01) and palpable mass (P = 0.02) were statistically significant variables. However, on multivariate analysis, @entity5 node @entity3 (TNM) stage was the only factor influencing survival. Median survival of the @entity1 was 44 months for @entity1 with stage I disease, 23 months for stage II, 17 months for stage III and 6 months for stage IV. CONCLUSION: These data are comparable with those reported from other developing countries. Most @entity1 presented at an advanced stage of disease and had an extremely poor prognosis. Systemic therapy did not provide any survival benefit. The TNM stage remains the most important factor influencing survival.

title: Clinicopathological features and management of XXXX in Pakistan: a prospective study of 233 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1085 :: ('MESH:D005705', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder disease']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['elevated carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['Gallbladder cancer', 'gallbladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1682 :: ('MESH:D014435', 'Disease') :: ['typhoid fever']

answer: @entity1086 :: (MESH:D005706,Disease) :: ['gallbladder cancer']


abstract: Six healthy @entity1 walked 37 km (23 miles) per day over a 3- @entity3813 course for each of 4 consecutive days. Subjects were allowed breakfast and an unrestricted diet was consumed after completion of the walk, but no food was consumed during or between laps. At a later date the same subjects walked over the same course after an overnight fast and without breakfast. Completion time for each @entity3813 was 139 +/- 1 min (mean +/- SE) and exercise intensity was equivalent to 17 +/- 1% VO2max. Mean 24h energy intake was 14.5 +/- 0.8 MJ during the fed walk. Estimated daily energy expenditure was 12.0 MJ. Blood @entity413 concentration fell significantly on the first, third and fourth days of the fed walk, but no subject became hypoglycaemic. @entity413 concentration did not fall during the fasted walk and was significantly higher pre-exercise and at the end of laps one and three when compared to the first day of the fed walk. Blood @entity493 concentration fell significantly after the end of the first @entity3813 of each day of the fed walk but not during the fasted walk. Blood @entity880 levels did not change during the course of either walk. Plasma free @entity844 , @entity653 and blood @entity4322 concentrations were unchanged during the passage of the first @entity3813 on each day of the fed walk, but all three had increased significantly by the end of the first @entity3813 of the fasted walk.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The metabolic response to prolonged walking in fed and fasted XXXX .

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity4322 :: ('MESH:D020155', 'Chemical') :: ['3-hydroxybutyrate']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment of molar @entity6876 remains a considerable challenge in clinical practice. The degree of success in the management of furcation involvement is highly variable and inversely related to initial @entity92 ( @entity92 ) measurements in these lesions. The identification of clinical measurements influential to the treatment outcomes is critical to optimize the results of surgical periodontal therapy. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical response of mandibular buccal Class II furcation lesions to a combined regenerative treatment modality. METHODS: Sixty @entity1 were divided into two (n = 30) treatment groups. An experimental combined regenerative therapy (ET) was compared to open flap debridement (OFD). The ET was a combination of a composite graft consisting of bioabsorbable @entity692 and @entity803 (3:1), a guided tissue regeneration barrier, and a coronally advanced flap. The clinical variables evaluated were plaque, @entity548 on probing, @entity1464 , @entity92 , vertical attachment level (VAL), horizontal attachment level (HAL), furcation vertical height, furcation horizontal depth, and the amount of tissue under the barrier membrane at uncovering. Reevaluation was performed 12 months after the surgical procedure. RESULTS: Both treatments resulted in improvements in all clinical variables evaluated. Postoperative measurements revealed a reduction in @entity92 of 3.65 +/- 0.6 mm and 0.60 +/- 1.0 mm; VAL gains of 3.05 +/- 0.6 mm and 0.65 +/- 0.6 mm and HAL gains of 3.45 +/- 1.3 mm and 0.55 +/- 0.7 mm in the ET and OFD groups, respectively. In the ET group, significant positive correlations were found between baseline @entity92 and @entity92 reduction at 12 months, and the initial VAL correlated positively with @entity1017 . The horizontal furcation depth and amount of tissue formed under the membrane at uncovering correlated positively with @entity10273 . For the OFD group, the initial @entity92 correlated positively with @entity10273 and correlated negatively with recession. Initial VAL correlated positively with @entity10273 . The initial HAL correlated negatively with recession at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: ET exhibited significantly better clinical results, with more @entity10273 , and a higher frequency of furcation closure compared to OFD and showed promise as a regenerative treatment technique. The ability to predict a response to treatment based upon pretreatment parameters was not consistent between groups; thus, prediction of treatment outcomes based on pretreatment measurements should be carefully evaluated for each treatment modality.

title: Efficacy of combined regenerative treatments in @entity1 mandibular class II XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6876 :: ('MESH:D017823', 'Disease') :: ['furcation defects']

entities_list: @entity1464 :: ('MESH:D005889', 'Disease') :: ['gingival recession']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['PD reduction and HAL gain']

entities_list: @entity92 :: ('MESH:D007222', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'probing depth']

entities_list: @entity10273 :: ('MESH:D019962', 'Disease') :: ['PD reduction, HAL and VAL gains', 'PD reduction and VAL and HAL gains', 'PD reductions and VAL and HAL gains', 'PD reduction and HAL and VAL gains']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

answer: @entity6876 :: (MESH:D017823,Disease) :: ['furcation defects']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The optimal timing of cord clamping (CC) in nonbreathing neonates needing stabilisation/resuscitation remains unclear. The objective was to describe the relationship between time to CC, initiation of @entity1353 or positive pressure ventilation ( @entity2286 ) after stimulation/suction and 24-hour neonatal mortality/morbidity. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: A rural Tanzanian referral hospital. POPULATION: Depressed nonbreathing newborns. METHODS: Trained research assistants have observed every delivery (November 2009 through January 2014) using stop-watches and recorded data including fetal heart rate; time intervals from birth to CC and start of @entity1353 or @entity2286 and perinatal characteristics. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Twenty-four-hour neonatal outcome (dead, admitted, normal). RESULTS: There were 19 863 liveborn @entity1 ; 16 770 (84.4%) initiated spontaneous respirations, 3093 (15.6%) received stimulation/suctioning to initiate @entity1353 . However, 1269 (41.0%) neonates failed to breath and received @entity2286 at 98    66 seconds and CC at 39    35 seconds after birth. Adverse outcomes in neonates receiving @entity2286 included 126 (9.9%) deaths and 100 (7.8%) neonatal admissions. In 1146/1269 (90%) neonates, CC occurred before @entity2286 and was associated with 209 (18%) deaths/admissions. In 98 (8%) neonates, CC followed initiation of @entity2286 with 14 (14%) deaths/admissions (P = 0.328). By logistic modelling, initiation of @entity2286 before versus after CC was not associated with @entity204 /admission when adjusted for time to @entity2286 . The risk for @entity204 /admission increased by 12% for every 30-second delay in @entity2286 (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This observational study failed to demonstrate any relationship between time to CC and onset of @entity1353 or initiation of @entity2286 following stimulation/suction, and 24-hour outcome. Delay in initiation of @entity2286 was significantly associated with @entity204 /admission. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: No relationship between time to cord clamp, @entity1353 or ventilation and 24-hour deaths in depressed neonates.

title: Timing of cord clamping in relation to start of XXXX or ventilation among depressed neonates-an observational study.

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathing']

answer: @entity1353 :: (MESH:D004417,Disease) :: ['breathing']


abstract: Long-term follow-up indicated that levodopa as a replacement therapy merely improves the @entity304 , and does so for only a limited number of years. The reason for this tachyphylaxis or declining efficacy in levodopa therapy and the increasing number and intensity of various distressing difficulties in the management of @entity191 , such as @entity910 and on-off phenomena, is the main subject of many recent studies. It is still widely accepted that levodopa provides the best therapeutic tool for @entity191 . @entity2847 , an ergot derivative, is the main clinically used @entity935 agonist, and it has been established as a valuable adjunct in the treatment of @entity191 . @entity2847 is most useful in @entity1 with a declining efficacy of levodopa treatment, in @entity1 with diurnal oscillations in motor performance, especially in @entity1 with wearing-off phenomena, and in @entity1 with onset and end-of-dose @entity910 . The question of @entity2847 dosage, required to obtain an optimal benefit and a decreased rate of late adverse reactions, is quite controversial. The trend has been to lower daily dosage of @entity2847 , i.e., low doses suffice in @entity1 with mild, early disease. Higher doses of @entity2847 seem to be required in @entity1 with severe @entity191 . In this retrospective study of 8 years experience with high dosage of @entity2847 in levodopa response-losing @entity191 @entity1 , the adjunction of @entity2847 had a clear-cut but short-lasting beneficial effect on the disability scores.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Long-term treatment with high-dosage @entity2847 in advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2847 :: ('MESH:D001971', 'Chemical') :: ['bromocriptine', 'Bromocriptine']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonian symptoms']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinesias']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'parkinsonian deficits', 'parkinsonian']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of cervical and @entity173 of the proximal femur in 1994 in Tangshan City, China. There are many reports on hip @entity174 incidence in many countries, suggesting that there are many factors affecting @entity173 . We visited 15 hospitals with an orthopaedic department within Tangshan City, and reviewed the medical records and radiographs of all @entity1 with @entity173 occurring between January 1 and December 31, 1994. The population of Tangshan in 1994 was determined to be 1,454,543 (746,015 males and 708,528 females). The population of those over 65 years of age was 88,490 (41,519 males and 46,971 females), representing 6.08% of the total population. This study detected 184 cervical and @entity173 of the proximal femur in 1994 in Tangshan (127 @entity1 and 57 @entity1 ). The overall incidence or rate of the combined number of cervical and @entity173 was 25 @entity174 per 100,000 population per year for @entity1 and 12 for @entity1 . There were a total of 147 cervical @entity174 (80%) and 37 @entity173 (20%). The incidence of the combined number of cervical and @entity173 in @entity1 over 70 years of age increased to 108 for @entity1 and 156 for @entity1 . The incidence of @entity173 increased with age in both sex groups, especially in @entity1 over 65. Severe trauma @entity174 happened more often in younger groups, and mainly occurred in @entity1 , which may be a result of the particular composition of the population in Tangshan, which is young and male dominated. In addition, because Tangshan is an industrial city, many of its citizens are involved in occupations requiring a high level of physical activity.

title: Epidemiology of cervical and XXXX of the proximal femur in 1994 in Tangshan, China.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['trochanteric fractures', 'hip fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity173 :: (MESH:D006620,Disease) :: ['trochanteric fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neonates with @entity344 ( @entity344 ) are at high risk for @entity409 ( @entity409 ). @entity1460 -based intravenous lipid emulsions (S-ILE) have been associated with @entity409 . This study's objective was to determine if a lower dose compared with a higher dose of S-ILE prevents @entity1448 without compromising growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This multicenter randomized controlled pilot study enrolled @entity1 with @entity344 who were  <=5 days of age to a low dose (~1 g/kg/d) (LOW) or control dose of S-ILE (~3 g/kg/d) (CON). The primary outcome was @entity1448 (direct @entity648 [DB] >2 mg/dL) after the first 7 days of age. Secondary outcomes included growth, @entity6841 duration, and late-onset @entity295 . RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were similar between the LOW (n = 20) and CON groups (n = 16). When the LOW group was compared with the CON group, there was no difference in @entity1448 (30% vs 38%, P = .7) or secondary outcomes. However, mean    SE DB rate of change over the first 8 weeks (0.07    0.04 vs 0.3    0.09 mg/dL/wk, P = .01) and entire study (0.008    0.03 vs 0.2    0.07 mg/dL/wk, P = .02) was lower in the LOW group compared with the CON group. CONCLUSION: In neonates with @entity344 who received a lower dose of S-ILE, DB increased at a slower rate in comparison to neonates who received a higher dose of S-ILE. Growth was comparable between the groups. This study demonstrates a need for a larger, randomized controlled trial comparing 2 different S-ILE doses for @entity1448 prevention in neonates at risk for @entity409 .

title: Low-Dose Parenteral @entity1460 Oil for the Prevention of Parenteral Nutrition-Associated @entity409 in Neonates With XXXX : A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['PNALD', 'parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal disorders', 'GDs']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['Gastrointestinal Disorders']


abstract: STUDY QUESTION: What is the most safe and effective interventional treatment for @entity256 ? METHODS: In a hierarchical Bayesian network meta-analysis, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and major scientific websites were screened up to 10 August 2015. Randomised controlled trials of @entity1 with any type of @entity256 (either of bare metal stents or drug eluting stents; and either first or recurrent instances) were included. Trials including multiple treatments at the same time in the same group or comparing variants of the same intervention were excluded. Primary endpoints were @entity75 revascularisation and late lumen loss, both at six to 12 months. The main analysis was complemented by network subanalyses, standard pairwise comparisons, and subgroup and sensitivity analyses. STUDY ANSWER AND LIMITATIONS: Twenty four trials (4880 @entity1 ), including seven interventional treatments, were identified. Compared with plain balloons, bare metal stents, brachytherapy, rotational atherectomy, and cutting balloons, @entity8038 and drug eluting stents were associated with a reduced risk of @entity75 revascularisation and major adverse @entity299 , and with reduced late lumen loss. Treatment ranking indicated that drug eluting stents had the highest probability (61.4%) of being the most effective for @entity75 vascularisation; @entity8038 were similarly indicated as the most effective treatment for late lumen loss (probability 70.3%). The comparative efficacy of @entity8038 and drug eluting stents was similar for @entity75 revascularisation (summary odds ratio 1.10, 95% credible interval 0.59 to 2.01) and late lumen loss reduction (mean difference in minimum lumen diameter 0.04 mm, 95% credible interval -0.20 to 0.10). Risks of @entity204 , @entity583 , and stent @entity715 were comparable across all treatments, but these analyses were limited by a low number of events. Trials had heterogeneity regarding investigation periods, baseline characteristics, and endpoint reporting, with a lack of information at long term follow-up. Direct and indirect evidence was also inconsistent for the comparison between drug eluting stents and @entity8038 . WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: Compared with other currently available interventional treatments for @entity256 , @entity8038 and drug eluting stents are associated with superior clinical and angiographic outcomes, with a similar comparative efficacy. FUNDING, COMPETING INTERESTS, DATA SHARING: This study received no external funding. The authors declare no competing interests. No additional data available.

title: Treatment strategies for XXXX : systematic review and hierarchical Bayesian network meta-analysis of 24 randomised trials and 4880 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['target lesion']

entities_list: @entity8038 :: ('MESH:D058456', 'Disease') :: ['drug coated balloons']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['coronary in-stent restenosis']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity256 :: (MESH:D023903,Disease) :: ['coronary in-stent restenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1494 ( @entity1494 ) due to an indwelling urinary catheter causes postoperative distress. @entity6948 is used as an anaesthetic adjuvant during general anaesthesia and has an antimuscarinic effect, which may be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of @entity1494 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of intraoperative @entity6948 administration on the incidence of @entity1494 . DESIGN: A prospective double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised study. SETTING: A tertiary care teaching hospital. @entity1 : One-hundred and nine @entity1 undergoing transurethral @entity150 excision (TURB). INTERVENTIONS: @entity1 were randomly allocated to two groups: control group (n=55) received placebo and @entity6948 group (n=54) received intraoperative @entity6948 (1 gkg loading dose followed by 0.5 gkghcontinuous infusion). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The incidence and severity (mild, moderate, severe) of @entity1494 assessed at 0, 1, 6 and 24h postoperatively. RESULTS: The incidence of @entity1494 was significantly higher in the control group at 0 (78 vs. 50%; P=0.004), 1 (86 vs. 57%; P=0.002) and 6h (82 vs. 63%; P=0.047) postoperatively. The incidence of moderate to severe @entity1494 was higher in the control group at 0 (38 vs. 11%; P=0.002) and 1h (29 vs. 7%; P=0.006) postoperatively. The number of @entity1 having @entity1494 treated with @entity1340 was higher in the control group (24 vs. 12; P=0.006). The mean end-tidal desflurane concentration during the surgery was higher in the control group (4.5 vs. 3.9%; P=0.04). The @entity282 score (numerical rating scale: 0 to 10) was higher in the control group at 0 (4.6 vs. 2.7; P=0.002), and 1h (3.8 vs. 2.7; P=0.041). The number of @entity1 treated with opioids was higher in the control group (21 vs. 8; P=0.011). CONCLUSION: Intraoperative @entity6948 administration decreased the incidence and severity of early postoperative @entity1494 as well as intraoperative @entity10233 and postoperative opioid requirements in @entity1 undergoing TURB. TRIAL REGISTRATION IDENTIFIER: NCT01991223 (www.clinicaltrials.gov).

title: The effect of intraoperative @entity6948 on postoperative catheter-related bladder discomfort in XXXX undergoing transurethral @entity150 resection: A prospective, double-blind, randomised study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1340 :: ('MESH:D014147', 'Chemical') :: ['tramadol']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['CRBD', 'Catheter-related bladder discomfort']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumour']

entities_list: @entity10233 :: ('MESH:C053562', 'Chemical') :: ['desflurane']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine', 'Dexmedetomidine']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Temporo-parietal cortex thinning is associated with @entity73 ( @entity73 ) due to @entity195 ( @entity195 ). The increase of the EEG upper/low alpha power ratio has been associated with @entity73 due to @entity195 subjects and to the @entity194 of temporo-parietal brain areas. Moreover, subjects with a higher alpha3/alpha2 frequency power ratio showed lower brain perfusion than in the low alpha3/alpha2 group. The two groups have significantly different hippocampal volumes and correlation with the theta frequency activity. METHODS: 74 adult subjects with @entity73 underwent clinical and neuropsychological evaluation, electroencephalogram (EEG) recording, and high resolution 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 27 of them underwent EEG recording and perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) evaluation. The alpha3/alpha2 power ratio as well as cortical thickness was computed for each subject. The difference in cortical thickness between the groups was estimated. Pearson's r was used to assess the correlation topography between cortical thinning as well as between brain perfusion and @entity2414 . RESULTS: In the higher upper/low alpha group, @entity2414 was more pronounced both in the MRI group and the SPECT @entity73 group. Moreover, it was correlated with greater cortical @entity194 and lower perfusional rate in temporo-parietal cortex. CONCLUSION: High EEG upper/low alpha power ratio was associated with cortical thinning lower perfusion in temporo-parietal. Moreover, @entity194 and lower perfusional rate were both significantly correlated with @entity2414 in @entity73 subjects. The increase of EEG upper/low alpha frequency power ratio could be useful for identifying individuals at risk for progression to @entity195 and may be of value in the clinical context.

title: @entity194 and lower regional perfusion of temporo-parietal brain areas are correlated with XXXX and increase of EEG upper alpha power in prodromal @entity195 .

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['MCI', 'mild cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairment']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', 'AD dementia', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity2414 :: (MESH:D008569,Disease) :: ['impairment in memory performances']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is of restricted value for the in vivo characterization of @entity5 types. The applicability of @entity3151 -31 (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the diagnosis of @entity2721 is unknown. METHODS: A total of 191 consecutive @entity1 (85 females and 106 males; mean age 41 years, range 1-80) with @entity2721 on MRI were analyzed for additional 31P spectroscopy. Histology and/or cytology was obtained from all @entity5 . Because of low sensitivity of the 31P nucleus and the contamination of surrounding tissue, only large, superficially located @entity5 accessible to the surface coil could be accepted for MRS. RESULTS: Twenty-one @entity1 (11%) could be included in the study. From this remaining group only 12 studies (57%) produced spectra with well resolved @entity3151 peaks and an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio. However, these spectra did not allow differentiation between the benign and malignant nature of the lesions. The other 9 studies showed spectra with poor signal intensities and/or poorly defined peaks, making @entity5 differentiation impossible. CONCLUSION: Only 6% of the @entity2721 produced well defined spectra, which implies that localized 31P MRS cannot be considered as a routine technique in the diagnostic and treatment evaluation of @entity2721 .

title: Clinical applicability of XXXX in vivo localized @entity3151 -31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy of @entity2721 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2721 :: ('MESH:D018213', 'Disease') :: ['a well-defined bone or soft tissue tumor', 'bone and soft tissue tumors']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine external and @entity85 , and satisfaction with nasal functioning and appearance, in @entity8222 . STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted. METHODS: Eleven adult @entity1 with @entity8222 were compared with 151 controls in terms of satisfaction with nasal functioning and appearance by means of the Nasal Appearance and Function Evaluation Questionnaire. In all @entity1 with @entity8222 , external @entity85 were scored on standardized digital photographs of the nose as rated independently by three experienced physicians. @entity85 was determined by standardized nasal endoscopy. RESULTS: The @entity1 were relatively satisfied with the various esthetic nasal subunits. The most significant functional problems were snoring (P  =  0.001) and quality of phonation (P  =  0.003). The main external @entity85 were the dorsal hump (73%), external deviation ( <=55%), the bifid or bulbous nasal tip (55%), and @entity9009 (55%). In 82% of the @entity1 , a septal deviation was found, often associated with spurs. CONCLUSION: Satisfaction with esthetics of the nose was fair, but these @entity1 suffer from the functional problems of snoring and impaired quality of phonation. A structured nasal ENT physical examination with nasal endoscopy might determine aspects requiring more attention during treatment. Septorhinoplasty can be performed at an adult age if there is a considerable esthetic wish of the @entity1 and/or nasal obstruction combined with septal deviation. Attention should be paid to dorsal hump reduction, correction of the deviated external osseous framework, septoplasty, and correction of the nasal tip shape. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2b.

title: Nasal sequelae of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['Endonasal deformity', 'nasal deformities', 'endonasal deformity']

entities_list: @entity8222 :: ('MESH:D008342', 'Disease') :: ['Treacher Collins syndrome']

entities_list: @entity9009 :: ('MESH:D018658', 'Disease') :: ['columellar septal luxation']

answer: @entity8222 :: (MESH:D008342,Disease) :: ['Treacher Collins syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity1 with unresectable @entity2 or pulmonary metastases, isolated lung perfusion (ILP) has been described as an alternative method to deliver high-dose chemotherapy to the lungs, thereby minimizing systemic @entity137 . Pharmacokinetics of ILP have not been extensively investigated. Therefore, we studied the feasibility of ILP with melphalan in a @entity1707 model with emphasis on pharmacokinetics and @entity697 . METHODS: Five @entity1707 underwent ILP with melphalan. Blood and tissue samples were obtained for determination of melphalan levels. Tissue biopsies were taken for microscopic evaluation of lung damage. RESULTS: During ILP, no hemodynamic effects of importance were noted. No systemic leakage of melphalan was observed in any of the animals. Compared with normal lung tissue, microscopic examination of lung tissue after perfusion without melphalan showed @entity3126 . Directly after melphalan perfusion additional hemorrhagic areas were seen; however, electron microscopy displayed no irreversible endothelial damage. CONCLUSION: This study on @entity1707 proved to be a well reproducible model for ILP with melphalan. Pharmacokinetics show a safety profile with no systemic @entity137 , which could justify further @entity1 studies, necessary to determine its effect on pulmonary metastases in @entity1 , especially in case of adjuvant therapy after surgical resection or in unresectable disease.

title: Isolated lung perfusion with melphalan: pharmacokinetics and XXXX in a @entity1707 model.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung damage']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: The transcutaneous @entity26 tension (tcPo2) in five healthy subjects and in seven @entity1 was monitored continuously by the technique of Huch, Huch, and L  bbers. The inspired @entity26 concentration was varied between 15 and 100%. Once stable tcPo2 recordings were obtained, blood samples were drawn via an indwelling arterial catheter for @entity26 tension (Pao2) determination. A comparison between the Pao2 and the tcPo2 values is illustrated graphically. There was a small difference between these values in the healthy subjects, which was attributed to variations in the skin from subject to subject. In the @entity1 , a circulatory factor may have added to differences in the absolute levels. The coefficient of correlation between Pao2 and tcPo2 was in all cases higher than 0.98. In healthy @entity1 , Pao2 may be predicted from tcPo2. In @entity1 , any change in Pao2, due to deterioration or improvement, is manifested in the tcPo2 curve. If one or two arterial blood measurements are performed, low as well as high Pao2 values may be predicted from tcPo2 in @entity1 without gross circulatory impairment.

title: The validity of the transcutaneous XXXX tension method in adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are effective @entity565 controllers, but long-term use could lead to adverse effects. OBJECTIVE: To examine adrenal responsiveness of @entity1 with persistent @entity565 treated with long-term ICSs. METHODS: Morning plasma @entity701 levels before and 30 minutes after @entity4545 ( @entity4545 ) (1 microg intravenously) stimulation were compared. Primary end points included mean prestimulation and poststimulation @entity701 levels; secondary end points included morning @entity701 level of 5 microg/dL or less, post- @entity4545 stimulation @entity701 level of 18 microg/dL or less, and/or a net change of 7 microg/dL or less from baseline. RESULTS: A total of 103 @entity748 @entity1 (29 in the @entity2995 group, 18 in the @entity17013 group, 45 in the @entity5023 group, and 11 in the oral @entity288 group [positive controls]) completed the study. Mean daily @entity16179 doses and durations were as follows: @entity2995 : 448 microg for 36 months; @entity17013 : 1,181 microg for 41 months; and @entity5023 : 745 microg for 19 months. Eleven of 30 @entity1 taking high-dose ICSs (10 of 28 taking @entity5023 and 1 of 2 taking @entity17013 ) had both low morning @entity701 levels and abnormal post- @entity4545 stimulation @entity701 levels. Few @entity1 taking lower doses of any @entity16179 had abnormal results. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who require long-term treatment with high-dose ICSs may have abnormal morning plasma @entity701 levels and reduced responsiveness to @entity4545 stimulation. Careful monitoring of adrenal function should be considered in such @entity1 .

title: Effects of long-term inhaled corticosteroids on adrenal function in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity4545 :: ('5443', 'Gene') :: ['ACTH', 'adrenocorticotropic hormone']

entities_list: @entity2995 :: ('MESH:D014222', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity17013 :: ('MESH:C007734', 'Chemical') :: ['flunisolide']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity5023 :: ('MESH:C065382', 'Chemical') :: ['fluticasone propionate']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Elucidation of cellular mechanisms regulating myometrial contractility is crucial for improvement in management of many @entity854 , such as @entity3465 , uterine @entity1266 and post-partum @entity548 . Myometrial contractions are triggered by periodic synchronous rises in intracellular @entity460 concentration ([ @entity141 ]i) elicited by spontaneously generated action potentials propagating throughout the entire myometrium. During labour, hormones like @entity398 and @entity2918 potentiate uterine contractions by increasing their duration, strength and frequency. The most informative approach to studying the mechanisms underlying hormonal modulation of uterine contractility is to record [ @entity141 ]i responses to hormones in intact myometrial samples that have not been subjected to enzymatic treatment for cell isolation or cell culture conditions. However, the spatio-temporal resolution of such recording is limited due to the motion artifacts occurring in contracting tissue. Here we describe the application of our newly developed motion correction algorithm to investigate the [ @entity141 ]i dynamics in control and @entity398 stimulated slices of @entity1 myometrium on a cellular level. We present evidence that @entity398 induces asynchronous [ @entity141 ]i oscillations in individual myocytes within intact myometrium which are similar to those observed in cultured cells. The oscillations occur between synchronous action potential-driven [ @entity141 ]i transients but appear to be unrelated to contractions. Furthermore, the @entity398 -triggered [ @entity141 ]i oscillations wane within 30-50min of hormone application, while the action potential induced [ @entity141 ]i transients remain augmented. We conclude that @entity398 -induced [ @entity141 ]i oscillations are not relevant to the acute regulation of myometrial contractility but may play a role in longer-term regulatory processes, for example, by triggering gene expression.

title: Single-cell mechanics and @entity460 signalling in organotypic slices of XXXX myometrium.

entities_list: @entity398 :: ('MESH:D010121', 'Chemical') :: ['oxytocin']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['premature delivery']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['obstetric abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laccases are @entity920 -containing enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of a wide variety of phenolic substrates. METHODS: We describe the first poriferan laccase from the marine demosponge @entity53180 . RESULTS: This enzyme comprises three characteristic multicopper oxidase homologous domains. Immunohistological studies revealed that the highest expression of the laccase is in the surface zone of the animals. The expression level of the laccase gene is strongly upregulated after exposure of the animals to the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide. To allow the binding of the recombinant enzyme to ferromagnetic nanoparticles, a recombinant laccase was prepared which contained in addition to the His-tag, a @entity367 -tag at the N-terminus of the enzyme. The recombinant laccase was enzymatically active. The apparent Michaelis constant of the enzyme is 114 M, using @entity44400 as substrate. Exposure of @entity526 to the nanoparticles, coated with @entity367 -tagged laccase, and to the mediator @entity51351 in the presence of lignin, as the oxidizable substrate, resulted in an almost complete inhibition of colony formation. Quantitative studies of the effect of the laccase-coated @entity1933 nanoparticles were performed using @entity526 grown in suspension in reaction tubes within a magnetic nanoparticle separator. CONCLUSIONS: This newly designed magnetic nanoparticle separator allowed a removal of the nanoparticles after terminating the reaction. Using this system, a strong dose-dependent inhibition of the growth of @entity526 by the laccase @entity1933 nanoparticles was determined. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: From our data we conclude that the sponge laccase is involved in the anti-bacterial defense of the sponge organism.

title: Potential biological role of laccase from the sponge XXXX as an antibacterial defense component.

entities_list: @entity53180 :: ('55567', 'Species') :: ['Suberites domuncula']

entities_list: @entity1933 :: ('MESH:C000499', 'Chemical') :: ['iron oxide']

entities_list: @entity44400 :: ('MESH:C009370', 'Chemical') :: ['syringaldazine']

entities_list: @entity51351 :: ('MESH:C520568|MESH:C002502', 'Chemical') :: ["2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)"]

answer: @entity53180 :: (55567,Species) :: ['Suberites domuncula']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the inspiratory volume pressure (VP) curves of the respiratory system (rs) produced by static occlusion (OCC) and dynamic low constant flow inflation (LCFI) methods using a new device in @entity649 ( @entity649 ) @entity1 . SETTING: A multidisciplinary 24-bed ICU in a tertiary university hospital. @entity1 : Eleven intubated and mechanically ventilated @entity1 with @entity649 . MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: OCC and LCFI methods were performed using the same ventilator, which had been specifically implemented for this purpose. LCFI of 5, 10, and 15 l/min and OCC were applied in a random order at zero end-expiratory positive pressure. Airway pressure was measured both proximal (P(ao)) and distal (P(tr)) to the endotracheal tube. @entity1166 ( @entity1166 ) and maximal slope (C(max,rs)) were estimated using unbiased iterative linear regressions. @entity1166 (rs) was obtained in all @entity1 under LCFI and in nine @entity1 under OCC. With LCFI of 5, 10, 15 l/min and OCC the average @entity1166 (rs) values were 12.2 +/- 3.9, 12.9 +/- 4, 14.3 +/- 3.4, and 11.9 cm @entity2507 for P(ao) and 11.9 +/- 3.9, 11.5 +/- 3.3, 12.5 +/- 3.4 and 11.8 +/- 4.4 for P(tr), respectively. Only the mean values of @entity1166 (rs) for P(ao) with LCFI at 15 l/min were significantly different from those obtained for OCC. The C(max,rs) values found with the two methods were similar. CONCLUSIONS: An LCFI less than or equal to 10 l/min seems to be a quick, safe, and reliable method to determine @entity1166 (rs) and C(max,rs) at the bedside.

title: Inspiratory pressure-volume curves obtained using automated low constant flow inflation and automated occlusion methods in XXXX @entity1 with a new device.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'acute respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1166 :: ('MESH:D016171', 'Disease') :: ['LIP', 'Lower inflection point']

answer: @entity649 :: (MESH:D012128,Disease) :: ['ARDS']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to evaluate the frequency of skin manifestations, including the @entity6 , in young @entity1723 @entity1 . In addition, we studied the relation of the cutaneous manifestations to @entity6 duration, glycemic control, and microvascular complications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The frequency of skin manifestations, including the @entity6 , were examined in 238 @entity1723 @entity1 (disease duration > 5 years) and 122 healthy control subjects in a cross-sectional study. In addition, we studied the relation of the cutaneous manifestations with @entity6 duration, glycemic control, BMI, microvascular complications, and stratum corneum hydration using a stepwise logistic regression. RESULTS: @entity6 skin manifestations were detected in 168 of 238 (71%) @entity1723 @entity1 and in 18 of 122 (14%) of the control subjects. Ichthyosiform skin changes of the shins, @entity2631 -like skin changes, @entity14654 , and @entity2133 were detected in 48 vs. 7%, 39 vs. 0%, 32 vs. 7%, and 21 vs. 0.8% of the @entity1 and control subjects, respectively. In the @entity6 @entity1 , a significant association was found between @entity5657 of the shins and @entity2631 -like skin changes of the hand (P < 0.001) and between @entity2631 -like skin changes and the skin dryness of the palms (P < 0.0001). When @entity6 risk factors were considered, @entity6 duration was significantly associated with @entity2631 -like skin changes and @entity5657 of the shins (P < 0.0001). The latter was also found to be related to @entity6 (P < 0.0001). @entity27301 was present in 21% of the @entity1 versus 9% in control subjects and was found to be exclusively associated with high BMI. CONCLUSIONS: Acquired @entity5657 is a common finding and the most prevalent skin manifestation in young @entity1723 @entity1 . The development of several skin manifestations in insulin-dependent @entity1 seems to be related to duration of @entity6 and to development of @entity2412 .

title: The prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in XXXX @entity1 and their association with @entity2412 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14654 :: ('MESH:D014008', 'Disease') :: ['tinea pedis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic', 'diabetic', 'diabetes', 'diabetic retinopathy', 'diabetic hand syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['dry scaly palms']

entities_list: @entity27301 :: ('MESH:C537412', 'Disease') :: ['Keratosis pilaris']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity2412 :: ('MESH:D048909', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic microvascular complications']

entities_list: @entity5657 :: ('MESH:D007057', 'Disease') :: ['ichthyosis']

answer: @entity1723 :: (MESH:D003922,Disease) :: ['IDDM']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Low-grade @entity6019 (LG-ESS) is a rare @entity5 , often occurring before menopause. There is no consensus regarding its optimal management. Total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy precludes future fertility and may thus be undesirable by @entity1 wishing to maintain their reproductive potential. However, experience of fertility-sparing management in LG-ESS is very limited. In this paper, the disease outcome is presented in six young @entity1 with LG-ESS conservatively treated by combined hysteroscopic resection and hormonal therapy. STUDY DESIGN: From October 2009 to February 2013, at the Gynecologic Oncology Department of the National @entity5 Institute of Naples, six @entity1 , with early-stage LG-ESS aged 18-40 years who desired childbearing and/or retaining their fertility, were enrolled into a pilot study of fertility-sparing management. Diagnosis of LG-ESS was made on specimens from hysteroscopic resection performed on a presumed benign lesion. All @entity1 were planned to be treated with adjuvant @entity6303 for two years. Hormonal therapy was started within 6 weeks from the hysteroscopic resection, with orally @entity6303 at 40mg daily, increasing gradually according to @entity1 's tolerance to the recommended total dose of 160mg daily. RESULTS: All @entity1 were submitted to hysteroscopic resection in a one-step procedure. Five @entity1 started @entity6303 within 6 weeks from the hysteroscopic resection (one @entity1 did not start hormonal therapy because of early pregnancy after the hysteroscopic resection). Hormonal therapy was well tolerated; one @entity1 stopped @entity6303 after 12 months because of self-supporting strong desire to conceive; the other four @entity1 regularly completed the hormonal therapy. To date, all @entity1 show no evidence of disease. CONCLUSIONS: Although fertility-sparing management is not the current standard of care for young @entity1 with early-stage LG-ESS, our preliminary data are promising. Larger series with a longer follow-up are needed to further assess safety and efficacy of combined hysteroscopic resection and hormonal therapy.

title: Fertility-sparing management of low-grade XXXX : analysis of an institutional series and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity6019 :: ('MESH:D018203', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial stromal sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6303 :: ('MESH:D019290', 'Chemical') :: ['megestrol acetate']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer', 'malignancy']

answer: @entity6019 :: (MESH:D018203,Disease) :: ['endometrial stromal sarcoma']


abstract: Staging and response criteria were initially developed for @entity978 ( @entity978 ) over 60 years ago, but not until 1999 were response criteria published for @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ). Revisions to these criteria for both @entity1893 and @entity978 were published in 2007 by an international working group, incorporating PET for response assessment, and were widely adopted. After years of experience with these criteria, a workshop including representatives of most major international @entity706 cooperative groups and @entity5 centers was held at the 11th International Conference on @entity706 (ICML) in June, 2011 to determine what changes were needed. An Imaging Task Force was created to update the relevance of existing imaging for staging, reassess the role of interim PET-CT, standardize PET-CT reporting, and to evaluate the potential prognostic value of quantitative analyses using PET and CT. A clinical task force was charged with assessing the potential of PET-CT to modify initial staging. A subsequent workshop was help at ICML-12, June 2013. Conclusions included: PET-CT should now be used to stage FDG-avid @entity706 ; for others, CT will define stage. Whereas Ann Arbor classification will still be used for disease localization, @entity1 should be treated as limited disease [I (E), II (E)], or extensive disease [III-IV (E)], directed by prognostic and risk factors. Since symptom designation A and B are frequently neither recorded nor accurate, and are not prognostic in most widely used prognostic indices for @entity978 or the various types of @entity1893 , these designations need only be applied to the limited clinical situations where they impact treatment decisions (e.g., stage II @entity978 ). PET-CT can replace the bone marrow biopsy (BMBx) for @entity978 . A positive PET of bone or bone marrow is adequate to designate advanced stage in DLBCL. However, BMBx can be considered in DLBCL with no PET evidence of BM involvement, if identification of discordant histology is relevant for @entity1 management, or if the results would alter treatment. BMBx remains recommended for staging of other histologies, primarily if it will impact therapy. PET-CT will be used to assess response in FDG-avid histologies using the 5-point scale, and included in new PET-based response criteria, but CT should be used in non-avid histologies. The definition of PD can be based on a single node, but must consider the potential for flare reactions seen early in treatment with newer targeted agents which can mimic disease progression. Routine surveillance scans are strongly discouraged, and the number of scans should be minimized in practice and in clinical trials, when not a direct study question. Hopefully, these recommendations will improve the conduct of clinical trials and @entity1 management.

title: Staging and response assessment in XXXX : the new Lugano classification.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'Malignant Lymphoma', 'lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HL', 'Hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphomas']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an immunostimulative polymer, @entity35588 (Cpv), plus antibiotics ( @entity5153 and @entity3402 ) in a @entity19 model of @entity298 . @entity24715 augments humoral immunity with little effect on T cells and is nontoxic. @entity24715 100 mg/kg iv administered at the onset of @entity295 increased @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) by 40-55% over untreated controls. Four experiments were performed. @entity24715 in combination with antibiotics when given at the time of onset of @entity295 was significantly more effective than antibiotics alone ( @entity1349 235 vs 105 hr, P less than 0.05 at 144, 168, 192, 216 hr). In the second and third experiments @entity24715 alone and with antibiotics was administered 15 hr after the onset of @entity295 . @entity24715 significantly augmented survival over controls in the second experiment ( @entity1349 87 vs 60 hr, P less than 0.025 at 96 hr). Cpv plus antibiotics was significantly better than antibiotics alone in the third experiment ( @entity1349 111 vs 64 hr, P less than 0.05 at 72 hr, P less than 0.005 at 120 hr). In the final experiment, @entity24715 did not inhibit growth of 20 bacterial species in agar and liquid media. @entity24715 significantly enhances survival in @entity19 @entity298 even when administered after the onset of @entity295 ; furthermore Cpv plus antibiotics in @entity298 produces longer survival than antibiotics alone. Synthetic immunomodulators such as @entity24715 could eventually play a significant role in the management of @entity298 in @entity1 .

title: Enhanced survival in antibiotic-treated XXXX @entity298 by administration of @entity35588 , a selective immunostimulative polymer.

entities_list: @entity5153 :: ('MESH:D009428', 'Chemical') :: ['netilmicin']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['median survival time', 'MST']

entities_list: @entity35588 :: ('MESH:C038184', 'Chemical') :: ['Copovithane']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['established peritonitis', 'fecal peritonitis', 'peritoneal infection']

entities_list: @entity3402 :: ('MESH:D002981', 'Chemical') :: ['clindamycin']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Different lifestyle choices are commonly regarded as a reflection of socioeconomic status, and the latter is inversely correlated with the risk of developing @entity5 . However, the details of this association are still unclear in terms of the degree to which lifestyle factors are having impact. To explain the correlation between socioeconomic status and @entity5 , we therefore examined the roles played by different lifestyle factors. METHODS: A prospective cohort study of diet and @entity5 was initiated in Japan during 1988. Data were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire. A follow-up survey was conducted annually, and the cause of @entity204 was recorded from the @entity204 certificate. The total of 127,477 study @entity1 resided in 45 areas of Japan, and we retrieved data for 18,746 @entity1 and 26,184 @entity1 for the present analysis. After 328,030 @entity1 -years of follow-up, 379 deaths from @entity5 were detected: 261 in @entity1 and 118 in @entity1 . RESULTS: For @entity1 , the age-adjusted relative risk was lowest in the highly educated group (relative risk = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.50-1.04). Relative risk after adjustment for age and dietary choices (including pickles, vegetables, fruit, green tea, and preference for salty foods) was the same as the age-adjusted relative risk (relative risk = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.50-1.04). CONCLUSION: The expected inverse correlation between education level and @entity204 from @entity5 was observed in @entity1 . However, this association could not be explained by differences in dietary habits, smoking, or @entity167 consumption associated with socioeconomic status.

title: Prospective study of educational background and XXXX in Japan.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'stomach cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stomach cancer']


abstract: Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of intravenous injections of bacterial endotoxin in broiler chicks. In both experiments 5-weeks-old chicks were given a single intravenous injection of either distilled water (control) or 1 mg/kg @entity526 endotoxin (serotype 0.127:B8) in a volume of 1 mg/kg. In Experiment 1 rectal body temperatures were taken every hour for 24 hr postinjection. In Experiment 2, rectal temperatures and blood samples were taken at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 24 hr following the administration of endotoxin. Hematocrits and plasma @entity413 , protein, @entity1372 , @entity972 , @entity1760 , @entity460 , and inorganic @entity3151 were measured at each time interval. Birds receiving endotoxin showed a significant increase in rectal temperature from 2 hr until 17 hr postinjection. The febrile response was biphasic with temperatures peaking at 3 to 5 hr and again at 9 to 12 hr. No significant changes in hematocrits occurred following endotoxin injection. Plasma protein, @entity972 , and @entity460 decreased significantly, while @entity413 increased significantly after endotoxin administration. No significant changes in plasma @entity1760 , @entity1372 , or inorganic @entity3151 were observed in endotoxin-treated chicks.

title: Rectal temperature and blood chemical responses of young chickens given XXXX endotoxin.

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['E. coli']