abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1119 is a debilitating problem that is not only uncomfortable and inconvenient, but also embarrassing in work and social situations. In spite of the availability of several options for the treatment of axillary @entity1119 , recently, there has been an increasing interest in the use of laser therapy. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a laser diode device emitting at wavelengths of 924 and 975   nm and classical curettage either alone, simultaneously or in combination. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A randomized prospective controlled trial was carried out on 100 @entity1 divided into four groups, each with a different protocol: Laser alone at 975   nm (group 1), laser alone at 924/975   nm simultaneously (group 2), curettage alone (group 3), and finally laser at 924/975   nm followed by curettage (group 4). HDSS, starch test and GAIS were used to assess treatment efficacy. The follow-up extended to one year. Statistical analysis (SPSS) was used to determine the accuracy of the results. RESULT:: Two @entity1 of group 1 experienced burns during treatment, which took over a month to heal. This group of @entity1 achieved the worst results: The starch test scale results after treatment were 2.48        0.51 and 2.76        0.44 (at 1 and 12 months). The GAIS results were 1.04        0.35 and 0.92        0.28 (1 and 12 months). In group 2 the starch test scale results after treatment were 1.36        0.49 and 1.48        0.51 (at 1 and 12 months). The GAIS results were 2.36        0.49 and 2.72        0.46 (at 1 and 12 months). In group 3, the starch test scale results after treatment were 1.56        0.51 and 1.76        0.60 (at 1 and 12 months), which corresponds to small to substantially smaller dark areas. The GAIS results were 2.28        0.46 and 2.64        0.49 (at 1 and 12 months). The best results were obtained in group 4: HDSS scores were reduced from 3.88        0.33 before treatment to 1.24        0.44 and 0.48        0.51 at the 1 and 12 months controls. The starch test scale results after treatment were 0.40        0.50 and 0.44        0.51 (at 1 and 12 months). The GAIS results were 3.72        0.54 and 3.76        0.44 (at 1 and 12 months). CONCLUSION:: In this study, the laser at 924/975   nm combined with curettage was determined to be the optimal treatment option of those tested for axillary @entity1119 . This treatment was safe, with few side effects and improvement that persisted to one year follow-up. Lasers Surg. Med.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Efficacy and safety of laser therapy on axillary XXXX after one year follow-up: A randomised blinded controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1119 :: ('MESH:D006945', 'Disease') :: ['hyperhidrosis', 'Hyperhidrosis']

answer: @entity1119 :: (MESH:D006945,Disease) :: ['hyperhidrosis']


abstract: In the fifty years since Ogden @entity12089 , more than 100 additional @entity465 have been described. These disorders may involve one or more components of the immune system, including T, B, and NK lymphocytes; phagocytic cells; and complement proteins. Most are recessive traits, some of which are caused by mutations in genes on the X chromosome, others in genes on autosomal chromosomes. Until the past decade, there was little insight into the fundamental problems underlying a majority of these conditions. Many of the primary @entity1200 have now been mapped to specific chromosomal locations, and the fundamental biologic errors have been identified in more than 3 dozen. Within the past decade the molecular bases of 7 X-linked @entity1200 have been reported: X-linked immunodeficiency with Hyper IgM, @entity1071 , @entity12089 , X-linked severe @entity465 , the @entity17454 , nuclear factor kappaB essential modulator ( @entity10190 or @entity10190 ), and the @entity72653 . The abnormal genes in @entity1117 ( @entity1117 ) and @entity61363 had been identified several years earlier. In addition, there are now many @entity74 for which the molecular bases have been discovered. These new advances will be reviewed, with particular emphasis on the @entity358 of some of these diseases. In some cases there are unique features of @entity358 in specific defects. Infections obviously account for most of these complications, but the host reaction to infection often leads to characteristic findings that can be helpful diagnostically. Finally, advances in treatment of the underlying diseases as well as their infectious complications will be covered.

title: @entity358 of primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity12089 :: ('MESH:C537409', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked agammaglobulinemia', 'Bruton discovered agammaglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked lymphoproliferative disease']

entities_list: @entity17454 :: ('MESH:D014923', 'Disease') :: ['Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome']

entities_list: @entity61363 :: ('MESH:C564075', 'Disease') :: ['properdin deficiency']

entities_list: @entity72653 :: ('MESH:C580192', 'Disease') :: ['immune dysregulation polyendocrinopathy (IPEX) syndrome']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency syndromes', 'combined immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency disorders', 'immunodeficiency diseases']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complications', 'lung abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive immunodeficiencies']

entities_list: @entity1117 :: ('MESH:D006105', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked chronic granulomatous disease', 'CGD']

answer: @entity465 :: (MESH:D007153,Disease) :: ['immunodeficiencies']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: As newer MR imaging techniques are used to assist with @entity5 grading, biopsy planning, and therapeutic response assessment, there is a need to relate the imaging characteristics to underlying pathologic processes. The aim of this study was to see how rCBV, a known marker of @entity5 vascularity, relates to cellular packing attenuation and cellular proliferation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine @entity1 with histologically proved high-grade @entity11 and 1 with a supratentorial PNET requiring an image-guided biopsy were recruited. @entity1 underwent a DSC study. The rCBV at the intended biopsy sites was determined by using a histogram measure to derive the mean, maximum, and 75th centile and 90th centile values. This measure was correlated with histologic markers of the @entity1758 labeling index (as a marker of @entity11 cell proliferation) and the total number of neoplastic cells in a high-power field (cellular packing attenuation). RESULTS: There was a good correlation between rCBV and @entity1758 by using all the measures of rCBV. The mean rCBV provided the best results (r = 0.66, P < .001). The only correlation with cellular packing attenuation was with the 90% centile (rCBV(90%), r = 0.36, P = .03). The increase in rCBV could be seen over 1 cm from the edge of enhancement in 4/10 cases, and at 2 cm in 1/10. CONCLUSIONS: rCBV correlated with cellular proliferation in high-grade @entity11 but not with cellular packing attenuation. The increase in rCBV extended beyond the contrast-enhancing region in 50% of our @entity1 .

title: Correlation of MR relative cerebral blood volume measurements with cellular density and proliferation in high-grade XXXX : an image-guided biopsy study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma', 'gliomas']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate @entity645 incidence density for different exposure categories among @entity1 undergoing repeat testing in Ontario, Canada. METHODS: @entity1 using voluntary, diagnostic @entity645 testing at least twice were identified by computerized and manual record linkage. In the 1992-2000 period, 980 seroconverters and 340 994 repeat negative testers contributed 936 145 @entity1 years (PY) of observation. @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) was calculated according to Kitayaporn et al. Poisson regression was used to evaluate differences in incidence. RESULTS: Among @entity1 who have sex with @entity1 (MSM), @entity2101 declined between 1992-1996, from 1.23 per 100 PY in 1992 to 0.79 per 100 PY in 1996 [relative risk (RR), 0.86 per year; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.77-0.96]. Subsequently, @entity2101 increased to 1.39 per 100 PY in 1999 (RR, 1.18 per year; 95% CI, 1.05-1.34). In 2000, @entity2101 was 1.16 per 100 PY but this decrease was not statistically significantly different from 1999. MSM in their twenties had the highest @entity2101 in 1992-1996, but in 1996-2000 MSM in their thirties had the highest risk of @entity281 . Among injecting drug users (IDU), @entity2101 decreased from 0.64 per 100 PY in 1992 to 0.14 per 100 PY in 2000 (RR, 0.87 per year; 95% CI, 0.80-0.94). Among heterosexuals, annual incidence remained constant at about 0.03 per 100 PY in 1992-2000. CONCLUSIONS: Increases in @entity2101 were identified among MSM from 1996 to 1999. These findings are consistent with other research. Continued vigilance and improved surveillance are needed to better understand and control the epidemic.

title: Increases in XXXX incidence among @entity1 who have sex with @entity1 undergoing repeat diagnostic @entity645 testing in Ontario, Canada.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Persons', 'person', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['ID', 'Incidence density']

answer: @entity645 :: (57667,Species) :: ['HIV']


abstract: An autopsy case of @entity11460 preceded by urinary disturbance for over 20 years was reported. A 43-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our hospital because of urinary disturbance and @entity551 . At the age of 19 she developed urinary disturbance with @entity2011 and retention. These symptoms were getting worse with years, and at the age of 33 she was diagnosed to have @entity1494 of uninhibited type. During her hospital course her symptom became worse, and by the age of 42 she showed marked @entity4653 , disturbance of smooth pursuit eye movement, @entity4820 , marked @entity2003 and @entity400 of four extremities, generalized @entity427 , marked limb and @entity2055 , @entity1494 and @entity551 . Serial brain CT scan revealed progressive brain stem and @entity76 with clinical course. Severe @entity16 were also documented. She died of @entity1576 at the age of 43. On autopsy, brain stem and cerebellum showed marked @entity194 macroscopically. Microscopically marked depletion of neuron was seen in the substantia nigra, pontine nuclei, inferior olive, Purkinje cells, the intermediolateral column of spinal cord and Onuf's nucleus of S2. Although numerous cases of @entity11460 have been reported in the past, there is no case which developed this syndrome after urinary disturbance of over 20 year's duration. We should be alert to observe the cases with longstanding urinary disturbances in order to not overlook @entity179 as exemplified in this case.

title: [An autopsy case of XXXX preceded by a urinary disturbance for over 20 years].

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['hyperreflexia']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic bladder']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic nervous system dysfunctions']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar atrophy']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative disorders']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['orthostatic hypotension']

entities_list: @entity4820 :: ('MESH:D006732', 'Disease') :: ["Horner's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity11460 :: ('MESH:D012791', 'Disease') :: ['Shy-Drager syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['truncal ataxia']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity11460 :: (MESH:D012791,Disease) :: ['Shy-Drager syndrome']


abstract: The @entity958 At filamentation temperature sensitive (FtsH) metalloprotease gene family comprises 12 members ( @entity72610 -AtFtsH12), including three pairs of closely related genes that are targeted to chloroplasts ( @entity20267 and @entity72611 ; @entity72610 and @entity20268 ; and @entity72612 and @entity72613 ). Mutations in @entity20268 ( @entity20268 ) and @entity20267 ( @entity20267 ) give rise to variegated plants with green- and white-sectored leaves. Cells in the green sectors contain morphologically normal chloroplasts, whereas cells in the white sectors are blocked in chloroplast biogenesis. A major question is how chloroplasts arise in cells that have a mutant genotype. We have found by two-dimensional (2-D) green gel and gel filtration analyses that @entity20267 / @entity20267 forms oligomeric complexes. Two bands in the 2-D green gels that correspond to @entity20268 / @entity20268 + @entity72610 and @entity20267 / @entity20267 + @entity72611 have been identified, and these bands are coordinately reduced in amount in @entity20268 and @entity20267 thylakoids that lack @entity20268 / @entity20268 and @entity20267 / @entity20267 , respectively. These reductions are not because of alterations in transcript abundance. Overexpression of @entity72611 in @entity20267 -4 (a putative null allele) normalizes the variegation phenotype of the mutant and restores the two bands to their wild-type levels. These results suggest that @entity72611 is interchangeable with @entity20267 / @entity20267 in AtFtsH-containing oligomers, and that the two proteins have redundant functions. Consistent with this hypothesis, @entity20267 and @entity72611 have similar expression patterns, as monitored by promoter-beta-glucuronidase (GUS) fusion and RT-PCR experiments. Based on our findings, we propose that @entity72610 , @entity20267 / @entity20267 , @entity20268 / @entity20268 , and @entity72611 interact to form oligomeric structures, and that subunit stoichiometry is controlled post-transcriptionally in @entity20268 and @entity20267 , perhaps by turnover. A threshold model is presented to explain the pattern of variegation in @entity20267 in which @entity72611 provides a compensating activity in the green sectors of the mutant.

title: The XXXX FtsH metalloprotease gene family: interchangeability of subunits in chloroplast oligomeric complexes.

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Accurate serological assays are desirable for the diagnosis of @entity29 ( @entity29 ) types in the pediatric age group. The aim of this study was to test the diagnostic accuracy of modified assays for perinuclear (p) antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) and anti- @entity375 cerevisiae antibodies (ASCAs) in @entity1 with pediatric @entity31 ( @entity31 ) and @entity30 ( @entity30 ) and in those without @entity29 . METHODS: With observers blinded to patients' diagnoses, serum specimens were analyzed for @entity7571 and IgG ASCAs and ANCAs by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The perinuclear location of ANCAs visualized by indirect immunofluorescence was confirmed by its disappearance after administration of deoxyribonuclease. RESULTS: IgA and IgG ASCA titers were significantly greater and highly specific for @entity30 (95% for either, 100% if both positive). pANCA was 92% specific for @entity31 and absent in all non- @entity29 controls. The majority of @entity1 with @entity30 positive for pANCA had a @entity31 -like presentation. Disease location, duration, activity, complications, and treatment with immunosuppressive drugs did not have an impact on the ASCA or pANCA assay results. After resection, @entity31 @entity1 remained pANCA positive, in contrast to @entity1 with @entity30 , in whom ASCA titers decreased toward normal values postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: ASCA and pANCA assays are highly disease specific for @entity30 and @entity31 , respectively. These serological tests can assist clinicians in diagnosing and categorizing @entity1 with @entity29 and may be useful in making therapeutic decisions.

title: Diagnostic accuracy of serological assays in pediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7571 :: ('973', 'Gene') :: ['immunoglobulin (Ig) A']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['Saccharomyces']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Genetic testing to refine @entity5 risk is available. However, little is known about factors affecting the uptake of testing for the most common hereditary @entity694 , @entity14 . This study investigated attitudes, intentions, and uptake of genetic testing within newly identified families with @entity14 . METHODS: Cohort study conducted at the National Institutes of Health between April 15, 1996, and November 20, 1999. Data were collected through questionnaires before semistructured education sessions, individual counseling sessions, and the offer of genetic testing. RESULTS: Of the 111 eligible first-degree relatives, 51% chose to participate in education and individual counseling sessions. Participation was associated with greater numbers of first-degree relatives with @entity5 ; no association was found between participation and personal history of @entity5 . Before education and individual counseling sessions, 64% of @entity1 had heard little about genetic testing for @entity5 ; however, most (97%) stated intentions to pursue testing. Fifty-one percent identified learning about their @entity1 's risks as the most important reason to consider testing. Thirty-nine percent identified the potential effect on their health insurance as the most important reason to not undergo testing. Of the 111 eligible first-degree relatives, 51% chose to undergo genetic testing. @entity1 ' intentions to pursue genetic testing were significantly affected by concerns regarding the ability to handle the emotional aspects of testing and the psychosocial effect on family members. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic counseling and testing offers the potential to focus @entity5 screening resources in individuals truly at increased risk, thereby reducing mortality and morbidity. Fears of discrimination and concerns about psychological and psychosocial issues may present barriers to the use of current @entity5 prevention strategies, including genetic counseling and testing.

title: Genetic counseling and testing in families with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The frequency and spectrum of chronic @entity1576 in pediatric heart transplant recipients have not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to describe the chronic @entity1576 in 126 consecutive pediatric heart transplant recipients. METHODS: Retrospective review of medical records. RESULTS: Between 1987 and 2005, 126 (64 males and 62 females) heart transplantations were performed at Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. The median age at transplantation was 7.4 years (range, 0.1-17) and the median length of follow-up was 6.8 years (range, 0-18.2). Twenty-four @entity1 have died, and 36 have been transferred to adult follow-up, leaving 66 under pediatric follow-up. @entity1576 have been documented in 33 @entity1 (50%). @entity4595 has been identified in 10 @entity1 , and 12 further @entity1 have had recurrent lower @entity1729 (without @entity4595 ) requiring long-term antibiotic prophylaxis. Of those with infectious complications, 81% underwent transplantation before 4 years and had deficiency of pneumococcal-specific antibody response. Obstructive sleep @entity386 has occurred in 5 @entity1 , sub-glottic stenosis has occurred in 3, and significant compression of the left main stem bronchus related to a disproportionately large donor heart has occurred in 2. One @entity1 had marked mosaic attenuation on chest computed tomography scan indicative of @entity1565 . CONCLUSION: @entity1576 are common in pediatric heart transplant recipients. The respiratory prognosis for this complex group of @entity1 is usually good, but long-term follow-up by both a respiratory pediatrician and an immunologist is frequently required.

title: XXXX in pediatric heart transplant recipients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1565 :: ('MESH:D056151', 'Disease') :: ['small airways disease']

entities_list: @entity4595 :: ('MESH:D001987', 'Disease') :: ['Bronchiectasis', 'bronchiectasis']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic respiratory complications', 'respiratory complications']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infections']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['Chronic respiratory complications']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of @entity650 are associated with the development of @entity740 ( @entity740 ). Their impact for @entity295 in the field of @entity740 was investigated. One control cohort of 115 @entity1 with @entity740 without @entity281 and another case cohort of 198 @entity1 with @entity740 and @entity295 were enrolled. Genotyping at the -174 ( @entity15147 ) and -572 positions of @entity650 ( @entity15146 ) was done by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Circulating @entity650 was measured by an enzyme immunoassay. The GG genotype of @entity15146 was more frequent among cases (78.3  %) than controls (62.6  %). No difference in the genotype frequencies of @entity15147 between cases and controls were found. Odds ratio for @entity295 was 2.07 (95%CI 1.24-3.44, p   =   0.005) with the GG genotype of @entity15146 , which was confirmed by logistic regression analysis taking into consideration the presence of chronic comorbidities. All-cause mortality until day 28 was similar between @entity1 with the GG genotype and the GC/CC genotypes of @entity15146 , but death caused from cardiovascular events not-related with @entity281 was more frequent with the GG genotype (14.6  % vs 2.4  %, p   =   0.031). Circulating @entity650 was greater among @entity1 of the GC/CC genotypes of @entity15146 and multiple organ dysfunction (p   =   0.013). The GG genotype of @entity15146 predisposes to @entity295 in @entity740 and to 28-day mortality by @entity295 -unrelated @entity65 .

title: -572 G/C single nucleotide polymorphism of @entity650 and @entity295 predisposition in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CRD', 'chronic renal disease']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular phenomena']

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['chronic renal disease']


abstract: @entity22482 ( @entity18106 ) is an even-numbered @entity13961 (DA). @entity10989 are water-soluble substances with a metabolic pathway intermediate to those of lipids and @entity3363 . Previous studies showed that contrary to other DAs, very low amounts of @entity18106 are lost with urine. The effects of 46.6 mmol of @entity18106 intravenous infusion for 195 min on blood @entity413 levels were investigated in five @entity1 with @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ), with a good metabolic compensation, and in five healthy volunteers matched for gender, age, and body mass index. Blood samples were taken every 15 min for a period of 360 min to measure @entity413 , insulin, C-peptide, @entity6178 bodies, and free @entity844 (FFA) levels, and 24-h urine samples were collected to measure @entity18106 and @entity1133 excretion. Plasma and urinary @entity18106 concentrations were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Indirect calorimetry was continuously performed both basally and during the study period. The average 24-h urinary excretion of @entity18106 was 6.5% versus 6.7% of the administered dose, respectively, in @entity2175 @entity1 and in healthy controls. The area under the curve (AUC) values of plasma @entity18106 were 279.9 +/- 42.7 mumol in @entity2175 @entity1 and 219.7 +/- 14.0 mumol in controls (P = ns). Plasma @entity413 levels significantly decreased in @entity2175 @entity1 during @entity18106 infusion (from 7.8 +/- 0.6 to 5.4 +/- 0.8 mM at the end of the study period, P < 0.05). @entity880 plasma concentration decreased in @entity2175 @entity1 from 3.5 +/- 0.2 to 1.5 +/- 0.1 mM (P < 0.001), whereas blood @entity2388 increased at the end of the experimental session from 26.0 +/- 11.6 to 99.5 +/- 14.9 microM (P < 0.01). Free @entity1718 decreased in @entity6 @entity1 from the beginning until the end of @entity18106 infusion, although this difference did not reach statistical significance. No significant increase was found between basal and final values in @entity4962 consumption and in the values of nonprotein respiratory quotient in both groups of subjects examined. The experimental data indicate that @entity18106 infusion decreases plasma @entity413 levels in @entity2175 @entity1 to normal range without influencing plasma insulin levels. The balance between @entity2388 and @entity880 was affected by @entity18106 infusion only in @entity6 @entity1 . @entity18106 might represent a fuel substrate immediately available for tissue energy requirements, especially in conditions such as @entity6 in which @entity413 metabolism is impaired.

title: The metabolic effect of @entity22482 infusion in non-insulin-dependent XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['NIDDM', 'non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetic', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity13961 :: ('CHEBI:35692', 'Chemical') :: ['dicarboxylic acid']

entities_list: @entity22482 :: ('MESH:C036836', 'Chemical') :: ['Dodecanedioic acid']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate', 'Lactate']

entities_list: @entity10989 :: ('MESH:D003998', 'Chemical') :: ['Dicarboxylic acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression and effects of isoforms of @entity6824 ( @entity6824 ) in @entity1 leukemic cell lines. METHODS: Three normal @entity1 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and 4 @entity1 myelomonocytic leukemic cell lines including J6-1, J6-2, K562 and HL-60 were studied using ABC immunoperoxidase assay, indirect immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, Western blot and reverse enzyme-linked DNA-protein interaction assay (reverse ELDIA). RESULTS: @entity6824 was noticed to be localized in the cytoplasm, nucleus and at the cell membrane in 4 @entity1 leukemic cell lines; expression of @entity6824 was not detected in normal @entity1 PBMCs without @entity8990 stimulation. @entity1 PBMCs stimulated by @entity8990 expressed a low level of @entity6824 . Frequencies of membrane bound @entity6824 expression in J6-1, J6-2, K562 and HL-60 were 71.6%, 69.7%, 42.7% and 57.4% respectively. Frequencies of cytoplasm and nucleus associated @entity6824 were 65.7%, 45.4%, 36.5% and 72.5% respectively. The cytosolic bound @entity6824 was expressed in J6-1 cell as four isoforms with a molecular @entity2198 . While nucleus associated @entity6824 expressed as two isoforms with a molecular weight of 16,000 and 20,000. Anti- @entity6824 monoclonal antibody could dramatically inhibit proliferation of leukemic cells and its inhibitory effect was related to the levels of membrane bound @entity6824 expression in leukemic cells. Reverse ELDIA showed that @entity6824 could bind with DNA in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: Expression of @entity6824 isoforms is heterogeneous and polymorphous in leukemic cells. Membrane bound @entity6824 is crucial for the proliferation of leukemic cells, which might be a DNA-bound protein and could be involved in the transformation and tumorigenesis of hematopoietic cells.

title: [The expression and effects of isoforms of macrophage colony stimulating factor in XXXX leukemic cell lines].

entities_list: @entity6824 :: ('1435', 'Gene') :: ['M-CSF', 'macrophage colony-stimulating factor']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The distinct pathologic and biologic nature of @entity43 of low malignant potential (LMP) has been officially recognized by FIGO and the World Health Organization. LMP @entity5 may comprise 10% of @entity43 ; they occur at a mean age of 40 years. Pregnancy, breast-feeding, and the use of oral contraceptives are protective against the development of @entity5 of LMP. A history of @entity249 and use of @entity249 drugs appear to increase the risk of these @entity5 . No association with @entity43 has been reported. The survival associated with these @entity5 is 99% at mean follow-up of 7 years for @entity1 with stage I disease, and 92% for those with @entity34 . Retrospectively, more @entity1 appear to have died from complications associated with adjuvant therapy than from progressive disease. The recommended treatment is surgical, consisting of total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, pelvic and para-aortic lymph node biopsies, peritoneal washings, and @entity5 debulking. In young @entity1 with early-stage disease, conservative surgery, preserving the uterus and contralateral ovary, is acceptable. A role has not yet been established for adjuvant therapy, whether radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Laboratory investigations have not demonstrated that these @entity5 represent an intermediate step between @entity43 and @entity189 nor have they identified that small subset of @entity5 with @entity146 clinical behavior. We should perhaps consider @entity5 of LMP in the same light as "benign" proliferative gynecologic conditions, such as @entity46 .

title: Management of epithelial XXXX of low malignant potential.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian tumors', 'benign ovarian tumors', 'hereditary ovarian cancer syndromes', 'ovarian neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis and leiomyomata']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['stage II and II disease']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian tumors']


abstract: With standard microelectrode techniques, electrical activity of cells in the epicardial border zones of @entity1188 in the @entity235 heart were studied. Either automaticity or triggered activity (or both) occurred in each of the 12 preparations studied from 24-hour @entity1188 . One 24-hour preparation had continuous activity indistinguishable from low-potential (abnormal) automaticity. This automaticity was not effected by @entity6237 1-5 mg/l. Two other 24-hour @entity121 also were automatic. However, nine preparations from the subepicardium were not automatic during superfusion with standard Tyrode's solution. @entity245 ( @entity245 ) and triggered activity could be induced in all of these preparations by treatment with @entity2661 . The amplitude of these @entity245 was directly related to the stimulus rate of the train of impulses used to elicit them, and their coupling interval was inversely related to this rate of stimulation. Triggered activity occurred from maximal diastolic potentials of -58 to -88 mV in the 24-hour @entity1188 zone preparations. In seven preparations from 72-96-hour @entity1188 zones, the epicardial muscle cells did not show triggered activity after treatment with @entity2661 . In one preparation from a 72-hour @entity1188 , however, 3-5-mV @entity245 occurred. No @entity245 or triggered impulses occurred in subepicardial muscle from normal, noninfarcted hearts. Thus, triggered impulses and low-potential automaticity could contribute to @entity943 occurring in the @entity235 heart 24 hours after coronary ligation.

title: Automatic and triggered impulse initiation in @entity235 subepicardial ventricular muscle cells from border zones of 24-hour transmural XXXX . New mechanisms for malignant @entity943 ?

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['DADs', 'Delayed afterdepolarizations']

entities_list: @entity6237 :: ('MESH:D005424', 'Chemical') :: ['flecainide']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarcts', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['subepicardial muscle preparations']

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['infarcts']


abstract: Three cases (2 @entity1 , 1 @entity1 ) of expansive @entity2013 treated with a single 50-mg intramuscular dose of a new form of injectable, long-acting @entity2847 are presented. Clinical manifestations included @entity227 (2 cases), @entity10 (1 case), and @entity6126 (3 cases). Laboratory tests demonstrated high basal serum @entity4090 ( @entity4090 ) levels and evidence of involvement of other anterior pituitary hormones in all cases. Treatment was followed by marked improvement of symptoms paralleled by a sharp decrease of serum @entity4090 levels, which normalized in 1 case. Some other anterior pituitary functions also improved. Computed tomography scan revealed shrinkage of the @entity5 in all cases. There were no local or serious systemic side effects. These initial findings suggest that long-acting injectable @entity2847 has a place in the initial treatment of @entity2013 , especially for those with @entity227 . It can also be used to select @entity1 for surgery, in the cases where clinical and radiological improvement could not be obtained. The effects of long-term use remain to be established by further studies.

title: Short-term management of XXXX with a new injectable form of @entity2847 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2847 :: ('MESH:D001971', 'Chemical') :: ['bromocriptine']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual disturbances', 'neurological and/or visual manifestations']

entities_list: @entity2013 :: ('MESH:D015175', 'Disease') :: ['macroprolactinomas', 'macroprolactinoma']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity2013 :: (MESH:D015175,Disease) :: ['macroprolactinomas']


abstract: @entity14 is the most common @entity344 in the world. The survival of @entity1 with @entity14 has not varied appreciably in recent years. The knowledge that genetic factors could play a role in the etiology and prognosis of @entity1 with sporadic @entity14 has opened up new lines of research. The aim of the study was to evaluate a group of @entity1 with @entity14 and the possible influence on the prognosis of immunohistochemical @entity6756 , @entity4311 and @entity2280 expression. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 37 cases of @entity14 were included in this study. @entity6756 , @entity4311 and @entity2280 protein expression in @entity5 tissue sections was determined using immunohistochemical staining with specific monoclonal antibodies. A total of 37 @entity5 were analyzed for histopathology. The immunoexpression status of MMR genes was correlated with @entity5 stage, location, histology, gender and @entity2280 immunoexpression. RESULTS: Of the 37 cases immunohistochemical analysis showed 13 (35.1%) had loss of expression of @entity6756 , 5 (13.5%) had loss of expression of @entity4311 , and five cases had loss of expression of both proteins. Multivariate analysis showed that right side dominance (p<0.05) poorly differentiated and male (p<0.05) were associated with loss of expression of @entity6756 or @entity4311 . Loss of expression of @entity6756 or @entity4311 correlated with low @entity2280 expression (p>0.05). @entity2280 immunoexpression was higher in the @entity5 location, stage D Dukes'a (p<0.05) and G2 (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm that sporadic colorectal MMR-defective @entity420 display certain specific morphological characteristics. However, these pathological features are not sufficiently predictive and immunohistochemistry is needed to identify such @entity5 accurately. The researches on angiogenesis of @entity5 cells can be used as prognostic factors for the @entity1 with @entity14 .

title: [Diagnostic and prognostic values of repair protein @entity6756 , @entity4311 and protein XXXX immunoexpression in sporadic @entity14 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'left side tumor', 'cancer', 'tumours', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal malignancy']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal carcinoma', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity2280 :: (947,Gene) :: ['CD34']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the immunization efficacy of antigen and DNA vaccines after delivery to the lung, to assess the integrity of the pulmonary tissue after vaccination, and to elucidate mechanisms involved in the induction of immunity. METHODS: @entity10328 , the plasmid encoding @entity10328 , the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), or plasmid encoding HBsAg were intratracheally instilled or injected in quadriceps in @entity19 . The immune response and its Th polarization were analyzed over time. Markers of @entity32 were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage, and lung histology was performed. The fate of @entity10328 following intratracheal instillation was studied. RESULTS: According to the vaccine, the pulmonary route produced stronger or equivalent humoral and cellular responses systemically and locally in the lung as compared to injection. The IgG subclasses and cytokine pattern indicate that the immunity was preferentially polarized toward the @entity61 and @entity630 type for antigen and DNA immunization, respectively. @entity10328 penetrated the respiratory tissue and blood poorly after intratracheal instillation, suggesting that the immune response was triggered at airway surfaces. Overall, vaccines delivered to the lung did not induce any local sign of @entity32 . CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary administration of vaccines might be a promising alternative to conventional vaccination by injection.

title: Local and systemic immune responses to intratracheal instillation of antigen and DNA vaccines in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: A 27-month-old @entity1 of Hispanic background developed @entity129 , @entity1282 , bloody nasal discharge, and @entity146 . Radiographic evaluations showed extensive destruction of the clivus by a large @entity5 that invaded the sphenoid bone, left cavernous sinus, ethmoid sinus, nasal cavity, and left orbit. @entity3977 were also noted. The bone marrow and spinal fluid showed no evident @entity5 cells. Transnasal biopsy revealed a @entity3580 . Treatment was initiated with a combination of @entity1260 , mesna, and @entity2879 along with radiation therapy to the @entity5 . Shifting pulmonary densities were noted on serial films. Despite some clinical improvement, the @entity1 developed rapidly progressive @entity519 3 weeks after admission and died. Autopsy showed persistent viable @entity5 in the primary site and massive @entity2 emboli, @entity1188 , and widespread lung parenchymal @entity3 . No other sites of @entity5 involvement were discovered. This is the second @entity1 reported with @entity932 , pulmonary @entity3 at diagnosis, and early death attributed to @entity1151 .

title: Metastatic @entity932 in a XXXX with massive @entity1151 .

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['multiple cranial nerve palsies']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial chordoma']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cranial tumor']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary arteriolar tumor']

entities_list: @entity3977 :: ('MESH:D055613', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple pulmonary nodules']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary tumor emboli']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['difficulty swallowing']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['child']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Transfemorally placed endoluminal grafts are currently being evaluated as an alternative to open surgery for the treatment of @entity1028 . We determined the value of helical CT for the follow-up of @entity1 treated with this new procedure. The purposes of this study were to determine CT features of a technically successful procedure, detect complications, and compare findings on CT scans obtained 24-48 hr after insertion of the graft with findings on angiograms obtained at the end of the endovascular procedure. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Seven @entity1 with large @entity1028 had helical CT within 48 hr after transfemoral insertion of an endoluminal graft. Findings on these CT scans were compared with findings on digital completion angiograms obtained immediately after placement of the graft. Additional follow-up CT scans were obtained for up to 15 months (mean, 8 months). The size of the aneurysmal sac; completeness of perigraft @entity715 ; and position, shape, and patency of the device were recorded. RESULTS: CT scans obtained 24-48 hr after placement of the grafts showed complete @entity715 of the aneurysmal sac in three @entity1 and incomplete @entity715 with patent perigraft channels in the four remaining @entity1 . Angiograms showed a patent perigraft channel in only one @entity1 . Two of four initially patent channels subsequently closed, but one of them recurred. Of four thrombosed @entity439 , two decreased in size, and two were unchanged on later follow-up. Of three @entity439 associated with perigraft channels, two became enlarged and one was stable. On the basis of CT criteria, successful endovascular repair was shown in four (57%) of seven @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Helical CT is a sensitive means of evaluating the efficacy of endoluminal grafts. Decreased or stable size of the aneurysmal sac without perigraft channels on late follow-up CT signifies technical success. Persistence or recurrence of perigraft channels is the most likely cause of later enlargement of an @entity439 and therefore suggests procedural failure. Helical CT was more sensitive than angiography for detection of perigraft channels that occurred soon after treatment.

title: Endovascular repair of XXXX : value of postoperative follow-up with helical CT.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the early @entity558 ( @entity558 ) effect [initiated 15 days after the @entity296 ( @entity296 )] in the functional capacity. METHODS: Twenty-two male @entity1 (mean-age of 52y-o), divided in two groups (A and B, 11 @entity1 each), were studied. Group A started @entity558 3 months after @entity296 (phase III), with a training intensity of about 70% of the maximum heart rate reserve, during three months, three sessions per week with one hour duration. Group B started @entity558 15 days after the @entity296 (fase II), with a training intensity up to five metabolic unities, three times a week, 1 hour and 15 duration. The post- @entity296 period of three months was designated as the time I (beginning of fase III) and six months as time 2. Stress test, Kraus-Weber flexibility test, coxo-femural flexibility test (flexion, elevation and abduction) and scapule-umeral flexibility test (flexion, extension and abduction) were applied. RESULTS: The maximum @entity26 uptake and the total work increased significantly from time 1 to time 2 in both groups, but there was no significant difference between the two groups, either in time 1 or 2. Flexibility in the Kraus-Weber test and in the scapule-umeral flexibility test when in flexion, were significantly greater in group B than A, in both times (1 and 2). Other flexibility variables studied show no significant difference, neither between the studied groups nor in the times 1 and 2 of evaluation. CONCLUSION: Early @entity558 after @entity296 increased the value of two variables that measure flexibility. However, it has not increased other flexibilities variables and the aerobic capacity.

title: [Early @entity558 of XXXX surgically treated for myocardial revascularization. Influence on the functional capacity].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['physical conditioning', 'PC']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['MRS', 'myocardial revascularization surgery']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity1463 epithelioid @entity1492 is a rare @entity5 characterised histologically by a predominant population of epithelioid cells arranged in strands and nests, embedded in a fibrotic and hyalinised stroma. It is a low grade @entity5 with an indolent course. A 48 year old @entity1 presented with a @entity158 her back for six months. Investigation and biopsy revealed features of sclerosing epithelioid @entity1492 involving the left half of the sacrum, left sacro-iliac joint, and posterior part of the left ilium. Preoperative radiotherapy and wide location excision of the @entity5 were followed by metastatic recurrence of the @entity5 in the lung and scalp six years after initial presentation. The @entity5 showed typical histology of sclerosing epithelioid @entity1492 . The radiological features confirmed its primary location in the sacrum. The @entity1 declined chemotherapy and died of disseminated disease eight years after initial presentation. Review of the literature confirms the fact that sclerosing epithelioid @entity1492 , despite its low grade, is a clinicopathologically distinct @entity5 with full malignant potential, the recurrence, @entity3 , and mortality rate being 48%, 60%, and 35%, respectively. @entity1463 epithelioid @entity1492 can occur as a primary @entity5 , the clinical behaviour of which is probably similar to its soft tissue counterpart.

title: Primary sclerosing epithelioid XXXX of the sacrum: a case report and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['bone tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['Sclerosing']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful swelling over']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1492 :: (MESH:D005354,Disease) :: ['fibrosarcoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Local excision of malignant @entity5 remains controversial due to the lack of prospective studies. The principal aim of this paper is to analyze survival and recurrence of @entity1 with @entity5 who were operated by transanal endoscopic microsurgery with curative intention. METHODS: In 1997, we started a prospective protocol for @entity1 who had T1/T2 @entity5 : transanal local full-thickness excision was considered curative in T1 low risk (group A); @entity1 with T1 high-risk and T2 low-risk @entity5 received postoperative radiotherapy (group B). From 1997 to 2006, 88 @entity1 were enrolled. Sixty eight entered the study after the preoperative workup and 20 @entity1 with an initial diagnosis of @entity652 after postoperative definitive pathological assessment. RESULTS: After definitive histological findings, 54 @entity1 were to group A, 28 to group B, and 6 had immediate radical surgery. One @entity1 was lost for follow-up. At a mean follow-up of 71 months, 7 (4 from group A and 3 from group B) out of 81 @entity1 recurred. Five-year overall survival was of 94% and @entity5 -specific survival of 96%. CONCLUSIONS: Our data support that transanal endoscopic microsurgery is an adequate treatment for T1 low-risk @entity5 , and no additional measures are required. For T2 low-risk lesions, our study showed a higher local recurrence rate than that reported after radical surgery but a similar survival outcome.

title: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery for XXXX . Long-term oncologic results.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal tumors', 'cancer', 'rectal cancer', 'tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study investigated whether @entity2204 ( @entity2204 ) was associated with the presence of @entity1 herpes virus ( @entity780 B in @entity1315 ( @entity1315 ). Polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine @entity2204 polymorphism in 46 @entity1 with @entity1315 and 19 controls. Nested PCR and real-time PCR were applied to determine @entity780 B DNA and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for @entity780 B protein. Viral DNA load was significantly increased in @entity1315 @entity1 with @entity780 B(+)/ @entity2204 compared with those with @entity780 B(+)/non- @entity2204 (p=0.031). Semi-quantitative analysis of IHC showed significantly increased number of positive cells for @entity780 B proteins G116/64/54, P98 and U94 in @entity1 with @entity780 B(+)/ @entity2204 than @entity780 B(+)/non- @entity2204 (p=0.009, 0.035 and 0.009, respectively). @entity1 with @entity780 B(+)/ @entity2204 showed higher @entity410 frequency than those with @entity780 B(+)/non- @entity2204 (p=0.005). There was no significant difference of @entity2204 alleles between @entity1315 with and without @entity780 B (p=0.115). @entity2204 was not associated with initial infection of @entity780 B in @entity1315 . However, @entity2204 may facilitate @entity780 B reactivation, DNA replication, virus protein expression and increase @entity410 frequency in @entity1315 . Further investigations are needed to understand the biomolecular mechanism underlying interaction between @entity2204 and @entity780 B.

title: @entity2204 may increase viral load and XXXX frequency in @entity1315 @entity1 with positive @entity1 herpes virus 6B.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2204 :: ('348', 'Gene') :: ['ApoE4', 'apolipoprotein 4', 'ApoE']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['MTLE', 'mesial temporal lobe epilepsy']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizure']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to identify factors predictive of postoperative improvement of @entity3518 in @entity1 with @entity191 ( @entity191 ) treated by subthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation. BACKGROUND: Camptocormia, one of the most disabling features of @entity191 , often responds poorly to medical therapies. The reported effects of deep brain stimulation on @entity191 -associated @entity3518 vary, and preoperative characteristics affecting the surgical outcome remain unclear. METHODS: We evaluated 17 @entity1 with @entity3518 whose preoperative off-medication thoracolumbar angle exceeded 45  . We used photographs to measure their thoracolumbar angle preoperatively, 3   months after surgery, and at the last follow-up (mean 36.5   months postoperatively) in status on-medication and off-medication. The @entity1 age, duration of @entity191 and @entity3518 , daily medications, Unified @entity191 Rating Scale (UPDRS) subscores and the Schwab-England activity of daily living scale (S-E) were also recorded. Univariate analysis was performed to identify factors predictive of the postoperative improvement of @entity3518 . RESULTS: STN stimulation significantly improved the UPDRS subscores and S-E, and resulted in a reduction of daily medications 3   months post-treatment. The preoperative thoracolumbar angle (mean  SD) in status off-medication (84.0  29.5  ) was significantly ameliorated 3   months postoperatively (49.8  29.3  ) and at the last follow-up (54.8  28.3  ). There was no correlation between the postoperative @entity3518 improvement rate and preoperative parameters other than the duration and severity of @entity3518 and the @entity3034 responsiveness of the thoracolumbar angle. Symptom duration negatively affected @entity3034 responsiveness. CONCLUSIONS: STN stimulation improves @entity191 -associated @entity3518 in parallel with preoperative @entity3034 responsiveness. Long symptom duration interferes with @entity3034 responsiveness.

title: Subthalamic nucleus stimulation improves @entity191 in parallel to its preoperative XXXX responsiveness.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3518 :: ('MESH:C537968', 'Disease') :: ['camptocormia']

entities_list: @entity3034 :: ('MESH:D007980', 'Chemical') :: ['levodopa']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", "Parkinson's Disease", 'PD']

answer: @entity3034 :: (MESH:D007980,Chemical) :: ['levodopa']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purposes of this study were to determine the early and late results of placement of arterial bypass grafts in the treatment of chronic and acute @entity63 and to ascertain whether multiple grafts provide better late results than a single graft. METHODS: Records of 34 @entity1 who underwent mesenteric vascular graft placement were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: All 21 @entity1 with chronic @entity63 had a history of @entity951 and @entity353 . Food fear was reported by 33% of @entity1 ; also, @entity294 in 57%, @entity1142 in 29%, @entity7140 in 19%, @entity63 or peptic ulcer in 19%, and elevation of liver enzymes in 22% were reported. Angiogram showed more than 50% @entity850 or occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in 100% of @entity1 , celiac artery in 90%, and inferior mesenteric artery in 90%. Although not described previously, a reduction in collateral flow from the internal iliac arteries was caused by severe @entity530 in 56% of @entity1 . There were no in-hospital deaths. The rate of survival at 1 year was 100%; at 2 years it was 93% +/- 6%, at 3 years 86% +/- 9%, at 5 years 79% +/- 11%, and at 10 years 50% +/- 15%. During follow-up, graft @entity715 occurred in three @entity1 . Of the @entity1 who underwent only a single SMA or celiac bypass, two of five died of @entity1188 ; only one of 16 @entity1 who underwent both celiac and SMA bypass had to undergo a repeat surgical procedure because of graft occlusion. Three of 16 retrograde bypasses thrombosed, compared with zero of five prograde bypasses. In nine @entity1 who underwent placement of mesenteric bypass grafts because of acute @entity63 caused by acute mesenteric @entity715 , the early mortality rate was 22%; the two deaths were the result of @entity63 . The cumulative survival rate was 78% +/- 14% at 1 month, 65% +/- 17% at 1 year, and 52% +/- 16% at 5 years. One of the two late deaths was due to graft @entity715 and @entity1188 . Three of four @entity1 who underwent concomitant mesenteric bypass at the time of @entity439 repair or aortobifemoral bypass survived the surgical procedure. CONCLUSIONS: When chronic and acute @entity5327 are diagnosed and treated with a bypass graft, the early and late results are good. Complete revascularization of the @entity6029 or both and prograde bypass may reduce the risk of late @entity63 .

title: Mesenteric arterial bypass grafts: early and late results and suggested surgical approach for chronic and acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal ischemia', 'ischemic gastritis', 'ischemia', 'bowel ischemia']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity6029 :: ('MESH:D013478', 'Disease') :: ['SMA and celiac artery or pelvis']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic disease']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal angina']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['bowel infarction']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity7140 :: ('MESH:D042101', 'Disease') :: ['acalculous cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity5327 :: ('MESH:D065666', 'Disease') :: ['mesenteric ischemia']

answer: @entity5327 :: (MESH:D065666,Disease) :: ['mesenteric ischemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Accurate @entity2 segmentation is a prerequisite for effective radiation therapy and surgical planning. However, @entity5 delineation is challenging when the @entity5 boundaries are indistinct on PET or CT. To address this problem, we developed a segmentation method to improve the delineation of primary @entity2 from PET-CT images. METHODS: We formulated the segmentation problem as a label information propagation process in an iterative manner. Our model incorporates spatial-topological information from PET and local intensity changes from CT. The topological information of the regions was extracted based on the metabolic activity of different tissues. The spatial-topological information moderates the amount of label information that a pixel receives: The label information attenuates as the spatial distance increases and when crossing different topological regions. Thus, the spatial-topological constraint assists accurate @entity5 delineation and separation. The label information propagation and transition model are solved under a random walk framework. RESULTS: Our method achieved an average DSC of [Formula: see text] and @entity2033 (mm) of [Formula: see text] on 40 @entity1 with @entity2 . The t test showed a significant improvement (p value  [Formula: see text]  0.05) in segmentation accuracy when compared to eight other methods. Our method was better able to delineate @entity5 that had heterogeneous FDG uptake and which abutted adjacent structures that had similar densities. CONCLUSIONS: Our method, using a spatial-topological constraint, provided @entity2 delineation, in particular, when the @entity5 involved or abutted the chest wall and the mediastinum.

title: XXXX segmentation from PET-CT volumes with spatial-topological constraint.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumors', 'better lung tumor', 'lung cancer', 'lung tumor']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Primary lung tumor']


abstract: AIM: The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of birthweight on motor performance and body composition in @entity1 . Further, we investigated whether associations between birthweight and motor performance changed after adjustment for current height, body mass index (BMI), @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ), and % body fat. METHOD: A total of 483 @entity1 (251 males and 232 females) aged 7 to 10  years (mean 8.78, SD 1.0y) born in Vit  ria Santo Ant  o (northeast Brazil) were sampled. Motor performance was operationalized using different physical fitness components and gross motor coordination. Physical fitness was measured by handgrip strength, muscle endurance, explosive power, flexibility, agility, running speed, and maximal @entity26 consumption (VO2max ). Gross motor coordination was evaluated by means of the K  rper Koordination Test f  r Kinder (KTK). RESULTS: Positive correlations between birthweight and height, BMI, and @entity1386 were found. Birthweight was positively correlated with handgrip strength and negatively correlated with 20-meter sprint time, even after controlling for age, height, BMI, @entity1386 , and % body fat. Birthweight was negatively associated with relative VO2max (mL/kg/min); however, the association was no longer significant after inclusion of BMI or @entity1386 in the model. INTERPRETATION: Birthweight significantly predicted height, BMI, @entity1386 , and performance in strength and velocity tests, but did not influence gross motor coordination.

title: Birthweight, body composition, and motor performance in 7- to 10-year-old XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['FFM', 'fat-free mass']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Reversible @entity1887 frequently has been diagnosed in @entity3124 @entity1 with @entity295 who have either low basal @entity701 levels or low @entity701 responses to @entity4545 (ACTH) stimulation. It is generally accepted that a phenomenon called "endotoxin tolerance" contributes to immunosuppression during @entity295 . The present study was to investigate whether endotoxin tolerance occurs in the adrenal gland, leading to @entity6306 of adrenal gland during @entity295 . DESIGN: Controlled laboratory experiment. SETTING: University research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Sprague-Dawley male @entity35 200-250 g and primary isolated adrenal @entity12288 cells. INTERVENTIONS: @entity35 received intra-arterial injection of purified lipopolysaccharide (0.5 mg/kg) through indwelling femoral arterial catheters, and 24 hrs later the adrenocortical sensitivity to exogenous ACTH (10 ng/kg) was detected. Primary @entity12288 cells were pretreated with lipopolysaccharide at 0.1-100 ng/mL or with ACTH at 0.01-10 ng/mL and then challenged, in fresh media, with 1  g/mL lipopolysaccharide or 10 ng/mL ACTH. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: @entity7942 was expressed in adrenal gland and primary @entity12288 cells. Plasma @entity2819 response to ACTH was decreased in @entity35 receiving preinjection of lipopolysaccharide. Lipopolysaccharide pretreatment caused a significant decrease in @entity2819 production in response to subsequent ACTH and lipopolysaccharide stimulation in primary @entity12288 cells. @entity17296 pretreatment inhibited ACTH- and lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of @entity134 metabolizing enzymes. Lipopolysaccharide significantly decreased @entity7942 and ACTH receptor expression. CONCLUSIONS: Pre-exposure to lipopolysaccharide resulted in @entity6306 to ACTH stimulation in @entity35 . In vitro, @entity17296 pretreatment impaired @entity2819 production of @entity12288 cells in response to ACTH and lipopolysaccharide, which was associated with decreased expression of synthetic enzymes required for @entity2819 production. Our results indicate that endotoxin tolerance of adrenal gland is one of the mechanisms for @entity5343 during @entity295 .

title: Endotoxin tolerance of adrenal gland: attenuation of XXXX production in response to lipopolysaccharide and @entity4545 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4545 :: ('5443', 'Gene') :: ['adrenocorticotropic hormone']

entities_list: @entity6306 :: ('MESH:C566417', 'Disease') :: ['hyporesponsiveness']

entities_list: @entity17296 :: ('CHEBI:16412', 'Chemical') :: ['Lipopolysaccharide', 'lipopolysaccharide']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity5343 :: ('MESH:D000224', 'Disease') :: ['adrenocortical insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity12288 :: ('MESH:D054068', 'Disease') :: ['fasciculata-reticularis']

answer: @entity2819 :: (MESH:D003345,Chemical) :: ['corticosterone']


abstract: The Wolfram, or @entity19278 , syndrome consists of @entity2010 , @entity6 , @entity1952 , and @entity2319 . @entity6 usually occurs as the first manifestation of this syndrome, followed by the development of @entity1952 , @entity393 , and finally @entity2010 . We report on four cases with a review of the literature. The @entity6 occurring in these @entity1 is clinically indistinguishable from classic @entity6 . Two of three @entity1 continue to have measurable C-peptide secretion 8 yr after onset of @entity6 . Two of three @entity1 with @entity19278 had the HLA-DR2 antigen. Combining our cases with those described in the literature, 7 of 11 @entity1 have the HLA-DR2 antigen. The preponderance of the HLA-DR2 antigen in the @entity19278 is different from classic @entity1723 . This is further evidence of the genetic heterogeneity of @entity6 . Although the @entity19278 is rare, it should be considered in @entity6 @entity1 with unexplained @entity1952 and @entity393 or with @entity2011 and @entity4683 in the presence of adequate blood sugar control.

title: XXXX : report of four new cases and a review of literature.

entities_list: @entity1952 :: ('MESH:D009896', 'Disease') :: ['optic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type I diabetes mellitus', 'diabetic', 'diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus', 'Diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity19278 :: ('MESH:D014929', 'Disease') :: ['DIDMOAD', 'Wolfram syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4683 :: ('MESH:D059606', 'Disease') :: ['polydipsia']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['type I diabetes']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss', 'neurosensory hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity19278 :: (MESH:D014929,Disease) :: ['Wolfram syndrome']


abstract: @entity3029 can be complicated by a traumatic durotomy that may lead to the rare development of a retropharyngeal pseudomeningocele. To our knowledge this has been reported only five times previously. We present the case of a 60-year-old @entity1 involved in a motor vehicle accident who suffered an @entity3029 and @entity2244 . A unique MRI image of a defect in the ventral dura posterior to C2 was appreciated. He underwent occiput to T2 internal fixation and arthrodesis. During surgery, CSF egress was seen caudal to the right C2 nerve root. A DuraMatrix onlay patch reinforced with DuraSeal was placed to stop the CSF leak. A lumbar subarachnoid drain was also placed. The @entity1 made a satisfactory recovery with residual mild @entity425 of his right upper extremity. In this report, we demonstrate that careful MRI review can reveal a ventral durotomy in a @entity130 and, if discovered, effective treatment including a lumbar subarachnoid drain for CSF diversion may prevent progression to a retropharyngeal pseudomeningocele. The literature on this rare presentation and associated durotomy is provided.

title: Early Identification of @entity130 Associated with XXXX May Prevent Retropharyngeal Pseudomeningocele Development.

entities_list: @entity2244 :: ('MESH:C537005', 'Disease') :: ['C5-C6 three-column injury']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic atlantooccipital dislocation']

entities_list: @entity3029 :: ('MESH:D004204', 'Disease') :: ['Atlantooccipital dislocation', 'atlantooccipital dislocation']

answer: @entity3029 :: (MESH:D004204,Disease) :: ['Atlantooccipital Dislocation']


abstract: The effect of @entity5101 ( @entity5252 ) on accelerated rejection was evaluated using a @entity35 heart transplantation model. Lewis @entity35 (LEW, RT1l) served as the organ recipient and Brown @entity35 (BN, RT1n) as the donor. In the accelerated rejection model, the LEW recipient was sensitized with BN skin and BN heart was transplanted 7 days later; the heart graft was rejected within 2 days (n = 7). Histologically, the graft showed @entity39 and @entity548 throughout the myocardium. @entity5252 (2.5 mg/kg/day) was administered to the recipient under the following three protocols: group 1: during the sensitization period (7 days); group 2: from 3 days after the sensitization to 2 days after grafting (7 days), and group 3: immediately after heart transplantation. The mean graft survival period in groups 1, 2, and 3 was 4.3 +/- 0.8 days (n = 7, p < 0.01 vs untreated host), 11.7 +/- 2.1 days (n = 7, p < 0.001, vs. untreated host), and 2.0 +/- 0 days (n = 6), respectively. The rejected grafts in groups 1 and 3 histologically showed @entity39 and @entity548 . By contrast, in group 2, the major histological change was interstitial lymphocyte infiltration and there were few findings such as @entity39 or @entity548 . In the complement-dependent @entity137 test, serum obtained at the second posttransplant day from the recipients treated in group 1 showed a high @entity137 level, although the @entity137 level of serum obtained from the recipients treated in group 2 was consistently low.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effect of @entity5101 on accelerated rejection in XXXX heart transplantation.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['coagulation necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5101 :: ('MESH:C037258', 'Chemical') :: ['15-deoxyspergualin']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Norway rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Respiratory complications are the most frequent adverse events in @entity1 undergoing esophagectomy for @entity5 , and their occurrence may negatively affect postoperative recovery and outcomes. We queried the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program dataset to study the rate and influence of @entity55 , unplanned intubation, and ventilator dependency >48 hours on the early outcomes after esophagectomy and risk factors for their development. We included adult @entity1 with an esophageal or @entity356 diagnosis who were treated with esophagectomy between 2005 and 2012 and grouped them into 2 categories with respect to development of @entity1576 . Early surgical outcomes (including 30-day mortality, overall morbidity, return to operating room, and length of hospital stay) were compared. Risk factors associated with @entity1576 after esophagectomy were assessed using modified Poisson regression. A total of 2945 @entity1 were identified and @entity1576 were observed in 687 (23.3%) of them. We observed a significant @entity1576 rates after esophagectomy throughout the studied years. @entity1 who developed @entity1576 were older and had more comorbidities and longer operative time. These @entity1 also had statistically significantly higher rates of 30-day mortality and overall morbidity and were more likely to return to the operating room and to stay in the hospital longer. On multivariable analysis, numerous factors, including advanced age, smoking, @entity285 use, @entity1353 , history of @entity1030 , and prolonged operative time, were found to be risk factors for developing @entity1576 . As the development of @entity1576 leads to worse early surgical outcomes after esophagectomy, efforts should be made to prevent their occurrence by identifying @entity1 with significant risk factors.

title: Incidence and Risk Factors for Respiratory Complications in XXXX Undergoing Esophagectomy for Malignancy: A NSQIP Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in respiratory complication', 'respiratory complications']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity146 and @entity458 are increasingly recognized as risk factors for @entity301 ( @entity301 ). Elucidation of the mechanisms of these associations has implications for prevention. This study aims to confirm the association between @entity458 and @entity301 and examine if it could be explained by other factors such as health behaviours, social isolation and low control at work. METHODS: A prospective occupational cohort study of London-based civil service employees ( @entity1605 ) with baseline data collected from 1985-1988 with a 5-year follow-up. The @entity1 were male and female middle-aged civil servants working in 20 Government Departments; 73% of eligible employees attended baseline screening. @entity458 measured by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) at baseline was used to predict incidence of self-reported @entity301 and possible and probable electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities during follow-up. RESULTS: In @entity1 , baseline @entity458 was associated with an increased incidence of overall self-reported @entity301 (odds ratios [OR] = 1.83, 95% CI : 1.5-2.3) and ECG abnormalities (OR = 1.51, 95% CI : 1.1-2.1), after adjustment for age, employment grade and length of follow-up. In @entity1 , baseline @entity458 was also associated with an increased incidence of @entity301 (OR = 1.60, 95% CI : 1.2-2.1), but not with ECG abnormalities. Adjustment for health behaviours, marital status, social networks and work characteristics reduced the risks for incident @entity301 by 12% in @entity1 and by 10% in @entity1 ; for ECG abnormalities these adjustments increased the risk in @entity1 by 16% and had little effect in @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The experience of @entity458 confers increased risk of @entity301 in @entity1 that is not explained by health behaviours, social isolation or work characteristics. The increased risk of @entity301 associated with @entity458 is not consistently demonstrated in @entity1 .

title: @entity458 as a risk factor for @entity301 in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1605 :: ('OMIM:217000', 'Disease') :: ['Whitehall II Study']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Psychiatric disorder']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['Psychological distress', 'psychological distress']

answer: @entity1605 :: (OMIM:217000,Disease) :: ['Whitehall II Study']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Modifying some lifestyle factors can be useful in @entity308 , at least as an adjuvant treatment. Combining different lifestyle interventions seems to be an adequate strategy to increase their antidepressant efficacy according with preliminary studies, but this issue has not been enough investigated. METHODS: The present study is a randomized, double-blinded, multicentre, two arm-parallel clinical trials, with a 12 month follow-up. The sample consisted of 273 Primary Care @entity1 . Four combined hygienic-dietary written recommendations were given to the @entity1 about diet, exercise, light exposure and sleep hygiene. RESULTS: Both active and control interventions were associated with improvement on BDI (Beck @entity308 Inventory) scores. However, there were not statistically significant differences (7.0 vs. 7.6; p=0.594). LIMITATIONS: We were unable to monitor whether @entity1 carry out recommendations. Intervention could be too difficult to accomplish for @entity308 @entity1 without enough support and supervision. CONCLUSIONS: Just giving written lifestyle recommendations are not enough for @entity308 @entity1 to benefit from them, so perhaps lifestyle change recommendations work or do not work on @entity308 depending on how they are presented to @entity1 and on monitoring systems of their implementation.

title: Lifestyle change recommendations in major XXXX : Do they work?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressed', 'depression', 'depressive']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1823 ( @entity1823 ) are benign, highly vascularized lesions located in the jugular foramen with frequent invasion to the temporal bone, the upper neck, and the posterior fossa cavity. Their natural history, surgical treatment, and outcome have been well addressed in the recent literature; however, there is no consensus regarding the optimal management while minimizing treatment-related morbidity. In this study, we assessed the interdisciplinary microsurgical treatment and outcome of large TJP collected at a single center. METHODS: Out of 54 @entity1 with skull base @entity1823 , 14 (25%) presented with large TJP (Fisch grade C and D). Posterior fossa involvement was present in 10 @entity1 (Fisch D). Eleven @entity1 presented with @entity393 , two @entity1 with mild @entity2103 , and two @entity1 with lower @entity129 . Two other @entity1 with previous surgery presented with @entity5 regrowth. RESULTS: Preoperative embolization was performed in 13 cases. @entity5 removal was possible in 10 @entity1 . Hearing was preserved in four @entity1 with normal preoperative audiogram. The facial nerve was preserved in all @entity1 . Temporary @entity2103 occurred in two @entity1 and resolved in long-term follow-up. In three @entity1 , preexisting @entity2103 remained unchanged. Persistent @entity3746 was present in three @entity1 and was treated with laryngoplasty. The global recovery based on the Karnofsky performance scale was 100% in 10 @entity1 and 90% in 4 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Preoperative embolization and interdisciplinary microsurgical resection are the preferred treatment for selected @entity1 due to high @entity5 control rates and good long-term results.

title: Microsurgical treatment of large and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve deficits']

entities_list: @entity3746 :: ('MESH:D014826', 'Disease') :: ['vocal cord palsy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Radical tumor']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity1823 :: ('MESH:D010235', 'Disease') :: ['Tympanojugular paragangliomas', 'TJPs', 'paraganglioma']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity1823 :: (MESH:D010235,Disease) :: ['giant tympanojugular paragangliomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Reduced or absent cytotrophoblast invasion of the maternal uterine spiral arterioles is a common clinical finding in studies of pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia, suggesting that the mechanisms mediating invasion of these cells is perturbed. The placenta initially develops in a low @entity26 environment of 1-2% @entity26 until after the 10th week of pregnancy. During this time @entity26 concentration exerts a major influence over trophoblast activity and, @entity519 inducible factors are proposed to be one of many key regulators of first trimester trophoblast behaviour. We used a global gene expression microarray approach to identify signalling pathways and @entity519 -responsive genes of interest involved in invasion of the first trimester trophoblast cell line HTR8/SVneo under @entity519 conditions where @entity7738 was active. Additionally, first trimester placental samples from different gestational age groups were labelled with anti @entity7738 and @entity2032 to evaluate whether HIFs are differentially expressed and localised across two periods of placental development: (1) early first trimester characterised by @entity519 (6-8 weeks) and (2) late first trimester after initiation of maternal blood flow into the placenta (10-12 weeks). Invasion of HTR8/SVneo was assessed in real-time and was significantly increased in 1% compared with 5% and 21% @entity26 and did not differ between 5% and 21% @entity26 treatments. Eighty-eight genes were differentially expressed between cells cultured in 1% @entity26 (where @entity7738 protein was localised to the nucleus) and 5% @entity26 (where @entity7738 was mainly cytoplasmic). 65% of the genes were predicted to contain @entity7738 : @entity32299 transcription factor binding sites. While @entity2032 staining intensity in trophoblasts of late first trimester placenta was higher than early first trimester (+57%) the percentage of positively stained trophoblast nuclei did not differ between the two time points. There was no difference in the expression level of any of the @entity519 responsive genes of interest, @entity2301 , @entity71053 , @entity71054 , @entity8090 and @entity3334 between early and late first trimester placenta. While @entity7738 and its downstream targets are clearly induced in HTR8/SVneo during in vitro @entity519 conditions, it appears that @entity519 inducible factors and genes are not altered throughout the first 7-12 weeks of placental development, during which the onset of maternal blood flow to the intervillous space takes place.

title: XXXX induced @entity7738 /HIF-2 activity alters trophoblast transcriptional regulation and promotes invasion.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['Hypoxia']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inflammatory responses and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction play important roles in @entity1545 after @entity1779 ( @entity1779 ). The metalloprotease @entity24920 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I motif, member 13) was shown to limit inflammatory responses through its proteolytic effects on @entity2880 factor. In the present study, we addressed the role of @entity24920 after experimental @entity1779 . METHODS: @entity1779 was induced in @entity19 by intracerebral infusion of autologous blood. The peri-hematomal inflammatory responses, levels of @entity72120 , pericyte coverage on brain capillaries, and BBB permeability were quantified at 24 hours. Functional outcomes, @entity2657 , and @entity548 volume were quantified at day 3. RESULTS: Treatment with recombinant @entity24920 ( @entity12798 ) reduced the levels of chemokines and cytokines, @entity10873 activity, and microglia activation and neutrophil recruitment after @entity1779 . @entity12798 also decreased @entity777 expression in brain endothelial cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide, whereas recombinant @entity2880 factor reversed this effect. The anti-inflammatory effect of @entity12798 was accompanied by reduced expression of @entity8024 and less activation of matrix metalloproteinase, enhanced pericyte coverage of brain microvessels, and attenuated BBB disruption. Furthermore, neutrophil depletion protected against BBB damage, and @entity12798 treatment had no further beneficial effect. Finally, treatment of @entity19 with @entity12798 reduced @entity2657 and @entity548 volume and improved neurological functions. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal the importance of @entity12798 in regulating pathological inflammation and BBB function and suggest that @entity12798 may provide a new therapeutic strategy for @entity1779 .

title: Recombinant @entity24920 Attenuates XXXX After @entity1779 .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity72120 :: ('17395;15894', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinase-9 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral edema']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic lesion']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['von Willebrand']

entities_list: @entity8024 :: ('15894(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['intercellular adhesion molecule-1']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['ICH', 'intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1545 :: (MESH:D020214,Disease) :: ['Brain Injury']


abstract: Carroll et al. reported that an abnormal @entity619 suppression test (DST) may identify approximately 50% of endogenous depressives and that normalization of the test occurs with clinical recovery. Brown et al. and Schlesser et al. have confirmed the diagnostic utility of the test. A preliminary study suggested that when the DST failed to normalize at discharge, @entity1 were at high risk for early relapse. In this study, we compared ten unipolar or bipolar endogenous depressives who had an abnormal DST on admission and a normal DST at discharge, with four @entity1 whose abnormal DST on admission failed to convert at discharge. On all measures, those whose DST fail to convert showed substantially less improvement. @entity1 whose DST fail to normalize may have incomplete resolution of their underlying depressive process. Despite clinical judgment that discharge may be appropriate these @entity1 may require further active treatment. Use of the DST prior to discharge may help discriminate between @entity1 whose remaining symptoms reflect situational or psychosocial problems and those with a continuing endogenomorphic process.

title: Normalization of XXXX suppression test: a laboratory index of recovery from endogenous depression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['dexamethasone']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity131 ( @entity131 ) is a growing public health problem around the world, yet there is little information on the prevalence of @entity542 in low and middle income countries (LMICs). We utilised data collected by the 10/66 research group to investigate the lifetime prevalence of @entity542 in defined sites in low and middle income countries, its risk factors and its relationship with disability. METHODS: We analysed data from one-phase cross-sectional surveys of all residents aged 65 years and older (n = 16430) distributed across twelve sites in eight low and middle income countries (China, Cuba, Dominican Republic, India, Venezuela, Mexico, Peru, and Puerto Rico). Self-reported cases of @entity542 with @entity909 were identified during the interview. A sensitivity analysis including data provided by informants of @entity1 with @entity303 was also used to estimate the impact of this information on the estimates. Prevalence ratios (PR) from Poisson regressions were used to identify associated risk factors. RESULTS: The standardised lifetime prevalence of @entity131 ranged from 0.3% in China to 14.6% in rural Mexico and Venezuela. Being male (PR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.29-1.82), younger (PR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.99), with lower education (PR 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.96), and having fewer assets (PR 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88-0.96), was associated with a higher prevalence of @entity131 when pooling estimates across sites. DISCUSSION: Our analysis revealed that the prevalence of @entity131 in LMICs is similar to that of developed nations. Considering the growing impact of @entity131 on health resources in these countries, there is an urgent need for further research.

title: Lifetime Prevalence and Factors Associated with XXXX among Older @entity1 in Low and Middle Income Countries: A 10/66 Study.

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'Traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['Head Injury']


abstract: Traumatic @entity438 in childhood are rare. To date, 67 well-documented cases in @entity1 have been reported. We present 2 additional cases and review the literature. @entity439 can best be categorized based on mechanism of injury and location. @entity439 secondary to penetrating @entity130 occur most commonly in teenage @entity1 suffering gunshot wounds. @entity439 secondary to nonpenetrating @entity130 occur at the skull base or in the periphery, with motor vehicle accidents and @entity998 as the most common modes of injury. Skull base @entity439 most commonly involve the petrous, cavernous, or supraclinoid carotid artery and also show a predominance in teenage @entity1 . Peripheral @entity439 can further be divided into distal anterior cerebral @entity438 secondary to @entity438 associated with an overlying skull fracture. Peripheral @entity439 tend to occur in younger @entity1 with a less marked male predominance. Two-thirds of the @entity1 suffered symptomatic @entity548 , with an associated mortality rate of 31%. The clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of traumatic @entity438 are discussed.

title: Traumatic XXXX in childhood: two cases and a review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic aneurysms', 'Aneurysms', 'Traumatic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['artery aneurysms', 'intracranial aneurysms', 'trauma against the falcine edge and distal cortical artery aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: A reproducible animal model of @entity1320 was devised to simulate @entity1320 in @entity1 and emulate clinical trials. Preoperatively, @entity35 were fed lean ground beef for two weeks to change their intestinal flora to one similar to that of @entity1 . A 1 cm segment of ileum was isolated on its vascular pedicle. The intestine was then divided at each end of the segment and continuity re-established by end-to-end @entity254 . The isolated segment was returned to the abdominal cavity. This model was used to compare @entity3400 / @entity7120 with imipenem and with @entity3402 plus @entity801 in treating the resulting infections. Eighty per cent of untreated animals died within three days. Treated animals had significantly reduced mortality and increased cure rates. One treated animal (in the @entity3402 - @entity801 group) died. These results support the findings of the efficacy of @entity3400 / @entity7120 in treating @entity1320 in @entity1 clinical trials.

title: Efficacy of @entity3400 / @entity7120 in the treatment of experimental XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity7120 :: ('MESH:C043265', 'Chemical') :: ['tazobactam']

entities_list: @entity3400 :: ('MESH:D010878', 'Chemical') :: ['piperacillin']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal sepsis', 'intraabdominal infections', 'intra-abdominal infection']

entities_list: @entity3402 :: ('MESH:D002981', 'Chemical') :: ['clindamycin']

answer: @entity1320 :: (MESH:D059413,Disease) :: ['intra-abdominal infections']


abstract: PURPOSE: Retroflexion of the endoscope during rectal examination may increase diagnostic yield but is not routinely performed because of concerns about safety and a lack of appreciation of its importance. The purpose of this study was to examine the yield, safety, and tolerance of endoscopic @entity3455 . METHODS: Prospective cohorts of subjects undergoing unsedated screening flexible sigmoidoscopy were examined with and without routine retroflexion. @entity158 scores were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 526 subjects (mean age 60 (range, 55-66) years) underwent flexible sigmoidoscopy in the first period when the endoscope was not routinely retroflexed. Of these, 480 (mean age 60 (range, 55-66) years) were subsequently examined with routine retroflexion. Retroflexion was impossible in 17 subjects (3.5 percent) because of discomfort. In the second group, 12 subjects (2.5 percent) had @entity1127 in the lower rectum seen only on retroflexion. Of these, eight had metaplastic and four had @entity6523 (3 tubular <5 mm, 1 tubulovillous 15 mm). There was no difference in mean @entity158 scores between the groups (no retroflexion = 2.13, retroflexion = 2.18). CONCLUSION: With an @entity652 pick-up rate of 8 to 12 percent for screening flexible sigmoidoscopy, retroflexion increases @entity652 detection by approximately 1 percent without adverse effects and should be an integral part of flexible sigmoidoscopy.

title: XXXX : an essential part of lower gastrointestinal endoscopic examination.

entities_list: @entity3455 :: ('MESH:D060725', 'Disease') :: ['rectal retroflexion']

entities_list: @entity6523 :: ('MESH:D018256', 'Disease') :: ['adenomatous polyps']

answer: @entity3455 :: (MESH:D060725,Disease) :: ['Rectal retroflexion']


abstract: Previous studies have reported that @entity1 with @entity191 ( @entity191 ) show, in the "off medication" state, a reduced activation of tibialis anterior (TA) in the late swing-early stance phase of the gait cycle. In @entity191 @entity1 the pathophysiological picture may cause differences among the stride cycles. Our aims were to evaluate how frequently TA activity is reduced in the late swing-early stance phase and if there is a relationship between the TA pattern and the clinical picture. Thirty @entity191 @entity1 were studied 2 h after Levodopa administration ("on-med") and 12 h after Levodopa wash-out ("off-med"). They were evaluated by the Unified @entity191 Rating Scale (UPDRS III) and surface electromyography of TA and gastrocnemius medialis (GM). The root mean square (RMS) of the TA activity in late swing-early stance phase (RMS-A) was normalized as a percent of the RMS of the TA activity in late stance-early swing (RMS-B). RMS-A was reduced in 30% of @entity1 in the "off-med" condition. Within these @entity1 , the percentage of stride cycles with reduced RMS-A, ranged between 28% and 83%. After Levodopa intake, no stride cycle showed reduced RMS-A. @entity1 with reduced RMS-A had a lower UPDRS III total score in the "on-med" rather than in the "off-med" condition (p=0.02). Our data confirm and extend previous observations indicating that, in "off-med" the function of TA is impaired in those @entity1 clinically more responsive to Levodopa. TA activation is reduced in a relatively high percent of gait cycles in the "off-med" state. Since the variability of TA activation disappears after Levodopa administration, this phenomenon could be the expression of an abnormal dopaminergic drive.

title: Levodopa effect on electromyographic activation patterns of tibialis anterior muscle during walking in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's Disease", "Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']