abstract: BACKGROUND: Because of the malignant potential of @entity355 , an aim of treatment is to cause the columnar epithelium to regress. A logical approach is to decrease acid reflux which is an important aetiological factor in @entity355 . Treatment with @entity4546 20-80 mg over 1-3 years has yielded conflicting but largely disappointing results. AIM: To determine if treatment of @entity355 with @entity4546 20 mg daily for up to 6 years can cause regression of the Barrett's epithelium. @entity1 AND METHODS: Forty-seven @entity1 with @entity355 were treated in an open prospective study. Nine @entity1 were treated for 2 years, 12 for 3 years, 10 for 4 years, eight for 5 years and eight for 6 years. @entity1 were endoscoped at 1-2-year intervals and endoscoped at the end of the treatment period. RESULTS: No significant shortening of the length of the Barrett's segment was seen during any treatment period, although @entity4546 controlled reflux symptoms and was well tolerated. Macroscopic squamous islands appeared in 55% of @entity1 , mostly in the first 2-3 years although in five @entity1 they appeared later in treatment. CONCLUSION: Treatment of @entity355 with @entity4546 20 mg daily for periods of up to 6 years did not cause regression in the length of the Barrett's segment, but it did lead in over half of the @entity1 to partial re-epithelialization in the form of squamous islands.

title: Continuous treatment with @entity4546 20 mg daily for up to 6 years in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ["Barrett's oesophagus"]

answer: @entity355 :: (MESH:D001471,Disease) :: ['Barrett's oesophagus']


abstract: @entity6391 ( @entity6391 ) is a disease that primarily affects the peripheral retina and ultimately causes @entity227 . X-chromosomal forms of @entity6391 are frequently caused by mutations in the @entity6391 GTPase regulator ( @entity8099 ) gene. We show that the novel splice donor site ( @entity214 ) mutation @entity73247 in intron 10 of @entity8099 cosegregates with @entity6391 in a five-generation Caucasian family. The mutation causes in-frame skipping of exon 10 from @entity8099 transcripts in @entity1 -derived primary fibroblasts. To correct the splice defect, we developed a gene therapeutic approach using mutation-adapted U1 small nuclear RNA (U1). U1 is required for @entity214 recognition of pre-mRNAs and initiates the splice process. The mutation described herein interferes with the recognition of the @entity214 by U1. To overcome the deleterious effects of the mutation, we generated four U1 isoforms with increasing complementarity to the @entity214 . Lentiviral particles were used to transduce @entity1 -derived fibroblasts with these U1 variants. Full complementarity of U1 corrects the splice defect partially and increases recognition of the mutant @entity214 . The therapeutic effect is U1-concentration dependent as we show for endogenously expressed @entity8099 transcripts in @entity1 -derived cells. U1-based gene therapeutic approaches constitute promising technologies to treat @entity214 mutations in inherited diseases including @entity8105 .

title: Gene therapeutic approach using mutation-adapted U1 snRNA to correct a @entity8099 splice defect in XXXX -derived cells.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual impairment']

entities_list: @entity6391 :: ('MESH:D012174', 'Disease') :: ['retinitis pigmentosa', 'Retinitis pigmentosa', 'RP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity213 ( @entity213 ) arises from the upper aerodigestive tract and is the six most common @entity5 worldwide. @entity213 is associated with high morbidity and mortality, as standard surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy can cause significant disfigurement and only provide 5-year survival rates of ~50-60%. The heterogeneity of @entity213 subsets with different potentials for recurrence and @entity3 challenges the traditional pathological classification system, thereby increasing demand for the development of new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools based on global molecular signatures of @entity213 . Historically, using classical biological techniques, it has been extremely difficult and time-consuming to survey hundreds or thousands of genes in a given disease. However, the development of high throughput technologies and high-powered computation throughout the last two decades has enabled us to investigate hundreds or thousands of genes simultaneously. Using high throughput technologies, our laboratory has identified the gene signatures and protein networks, which significantly affect @entity213 malignant phenotypes, including @entity876 / @entity4206 / @entity9486 family members, @entity1356 / @entity4909 /NF-kB, PI3K/ @entity584 / @entity3470 , @entity650 / @entity10497 /JAK/ @entity4104 , @entity470 /MAPK/ @entity11346 , @entity11968 / @entity1916 / @entity5738 , and TGFb/TGFbR/ @entity10152 /SMAD pathways. This review summarizes the results from high-throughput technological assays conducted on @entity213 samples, including microarray, DNA methylation, miRNA profiling, and protein array, using primarily experimental data and conclusions generated in our own laboratory. The use of bioinformatics and integrated analyses of data sets from different platforms, as well as meta-analysis of large datasets pulled from multiple publicly available studies, provided significantly higher statistical power to extract biologically relevant information. The data suggested that the heterogeneity of @entity213 genotype and phenotype are much more complex than we previously thought. Understanding of global molecular signatures and disease classification for specific subsets of @entity213 will be essential to provide accurate diagnoses for targeted therapy and personalized treatment, which is an important effort toward improving @entity1 outcomes.

title: Signaling Networks of Activated Oncogenic and Altered XXXX Suppressor Genes in Head and Neck Cancer.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['HNSCC', 'Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Tumor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There are two types of errors when references are used in the scientific literature: citation errors and quotation errors, and these errors have in reviews mainly been evaluated quantitatively. Quotation errors are the major problem, and 1 review reported 6% major quotation errors. The objective of this listing of quotation errors is to illustrate by qualitative analysis of different types of 10 major quotation errors how and possibly why authors misquote references. The author selected for review the first 10 different consecutive major quotation errors encountered from his reading of the @entity10 literature. The characteristics of the 10 quotation errors ranged considerably. Thus, in a review of @entity2704 therapy in a very prestigious medical journal, the superiority of a new treatment (sumatriptan) vs an old treatment (aspirin plus @entity1769 ) was claimed despite no significant difference for the primary efficacy measure in the trial. One author, in a scientific debate, referred to the lack of dilation of the middle meningeal artery in spontaneous @entity2704 despite the fact that only 1 @entity2704 attack was studied. The possibility for creative major quotation errors in the medical literature is most likely infinite. Qualitative evaluations, as the present, of major quotation errors will hopefully result in more general awareness of quotation problems in the medical literature. Even if the final responsibility for correct use of quotations is with the authors, the referees, the experts with the knowledge needed to spot quotation errors, should be more involved in ensuring correct and fair use of references. Finally, this paper suggests that major misleading quotations, if pointed out by readers of the journal, should, as a rule, be corrected by way of an erratum statement.

title: The Qualitative Problem of Major Quotation Errors, as Illustrated by 10 Different Examples in the XXXX Literature.

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity1769 :: ('MESH:D008787', 'Chemical') :: ['metoclopramide']

answer: @entity10 :: (MESH:D006261,Disease) :: ['Headache']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of systemic @entity1356 inhibition using canakinumab (Ilaris) on retinal neovascularizations in @entity6 . METHODS: @entity1 with @entity6 were enrolled in a prospective uncontrolled pilot study. Canakinumab (150 mg) was given 3 times subcutaneously. The primary end point was the change in the area of neovascularization from baseline to Week 24. Secondary end points were the change in @entity1829 measured and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), as well as systemic safety evaluation, HbA1c, and systemic inflammatory parameters. RESULTS: Systemic canakinumab treatment was well tolerated. None of the 8 eyes showed progression of neovascularizations within 24 weeks. Their mean size remained unchanged comparing 0.60 mm at baseline with 0.62 mm at Week 24 (P = 0.944). Median BCVA remained stable with 80 ETDRS letters at baseline and 82 ETDRS letters at Week 24. A not statistically significant @entity1829 was detectable for the foveal central subfield thickness (mean, 313-295  m). Mean @entity4051 c improved significantly from 7.92% to 7.30% within the 24 weeks (P = 0.046). Systemic inflammatory parameters remained overall unchanged. CONCLUSION: Systemic canakinumab showed no change in neovascularizations in @entity6 . Promising effects were seen on @entity1103 .

title: SYSTEMIC XXXX INHIBITION IN PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY: A Prospective Open-Label Study Using Canakinumab.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['proliferative diabetic retinopathy', 'diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic macular edema']

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in retinal edema', 'retinal edema']

answer: @entity1356 :: (3553,Gene) :: ['INTERLEUKIN 1b']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Data on immunogenicity to adalimumab (ADL) therapy in @entity1 with @entity8787 is limited. We performed additional analyses on the Karmiris cohort using the homogeneous mobility shift assay (HMSA) focusing on the inter-relationship of serum ADL concentration, antibodies-to-adalimumab (ATA), inflammatory markers and sustained response. METHODS: 536 prospectively collected serum samples were available for analysis of ADL concentration and ATA using HMSA. We studied the role of week 4 serum ADL concentration and immunomodulator (IMM) use on ATA formation with a Cox proportional hazards model. Mixed model repeated measures analysis was performed to assess the independent effects of serum ADL concentration and ATA on @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) and response. RESULTS: ATA was detected in 20% of @entity1 after a median of 34 (12.4-60.5) weeks. ATA-positive samples correlated with lower serum ADL concentration (p<0.001). Cox regression modelling showed that week 4 ADL concentration of <5     g/mL significantly increased the future risk of ATA formation (HR=25.1; 95% CI 5.6 to 111.9; p=0.0002) and that IMM co-treatment prevented ATA formation (HR=0.23; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.86; p=0.0293). @entity2357 modelling showed a negative correlation between @entity1851 and ADL concentration (p=0.0001) and a positive one with ATA (p=0.0186). The model revealed that both lower serum ADL concentration and ATA were independently associated with future @entity1851 (p=0.0213 and p=0.0013 respectively). ATA positivity was associated with discontinuation of ADL because of loss or response (OR=3.04; 95% CI 1.039 to 9.093; p=0.034). CONCLUSIONS: ATA were detected in 20% of @entity1 . Risk of ATA formation increased with lower early serum ADL concentration and in @entity1 not on IMM. ATA and ADL were strongly associated with higher future @entity1851 level and discontinuation of ADL.

title: Antibodies to adalimumab are associated with future inflammation in Crohn's XXXX receiving maintenance adalimumab therapy: a post hoc analysis of the Karmiris trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2357 :: ('MESH:C537770', 'Disease') :: ['Regression']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: An experimental model to investigate @entity2694 formation in inbred @entity35 was established. Animals sensitized to @entity72374 (TNP-OA) and challenged retro-orbitally with TNP-OA covalently linked o Sepharose 4B beads specifically developed a granulomatous response. This granulomatous reactivity was passively transferred into normal animals by lymph node cells, but not by serum antibody from sensitized donors. Lymphocytes which transfer @entity738 formation in normal recipients were characterized by cell fractionation and membrane marker analysis. These experiments show that the effector cells capable of transferring @entity56 are enriched in the lower density fractions on discontinuous Percoll gradients. These cells are lymphoblasts and express the @entity11264 helper T lymphocyte marker. It was also demonstrated that lymphoid cells from sensitized donors in the higher density Percoll fraction appear to be incapable of adoptively transferring granulomatous responsiveness directly to normal recipients. However, incubation of these high density lymphocytes with specific antigen resulted in marked enhancement of their ability to transfer the disease. Antigen-induced activation also resulted in an increase in both lymphoblasts and the @entity11264 marker. The authors conclude, therefore, that a subset of T cells which are lymphoblasts and express the helper-cell marker is responsible for @entity738 formation in sensitized animals and is capable of transferring @entity2694 formation to non-sensitized normal recipients.

title: Experimental immunogenic @entity738 of the orbit: transfer of XXXX with a subset of T lymphocytes.

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granuloma']

entities_list: @entity72374 :: ('MESH:C038600', 'Chemical') :: ['trinitrophenyl ovalbumin']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['orbital granuloma']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous hypersensitivity']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['granulomatous hypersensitivity']


abstract: The complete @entity377 sequence of the intergenic region between the 25 S and 18 S wheat ribosomal RNA genes has been determined from a 4.6 kb EcoRI-BamHI fragment (1 kb = 10(3) bases or base-pairs) subcloned from the plasmid pTa71. Within this subclone the intergenic DNA is flanked by the 3' end of the 25 S and the 5' end of the 18 S ribosomal RNA sequences. Four repeat families are present within the intergenic region. The major repeat family A, consists of 12 direct repeat units of 135 or 136 base-pairs (bp) flanked by diverged truncated copies. Within each A repeat a subrepeat structure has been revealed. Family B, which is localized to the 5' side of the A repeats, contains three repeat units, one of 152 bp, the second of 150 bp and a truncated unit of 107 bp. Family C, which is localized in the transcribed rRNA precursor, consists of two direct repeat units of 172 and 174 bp and possesses some short subrepeat motifs. The C repeats may have evolved by and diverged from one another by the insertion of short transposable sequences. Family D consists of two direct repeat units of 30 bp located 5' to the start of transcription. Statistical analysis of repeat family A showed that there is a significant association between the similarity of any two repeat units and their distance apart in the array. The near identity of members of the A family is maintained presumably by processes such as unequal crossing over and gene conversion, but the members at each end of the array show more divergence. Sequence motifs in the A and C repeat families and in other regions including the 5' end of 18 S RNA are related, implying that much of the intergenic DNA may have evolved from a few short ancestral sequences. The B and D repeats or their equivalent are not found in a @entity2829 ribosomal DNA repeat unit. The DNA in the external transcribed spacer DNA 5' to the 18 S RNA sequence is longer in @entity3505 than in @entity2829 . This is due principally to two duplications and insertion of a sequence with dyad symmetry in the @entity3505 gene.

title: Structure and evolution of the intergenic region in a ribosomal DNA repeat unit of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity3505 :: (4565,Species) :: ['wheat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fast and accurate @entity662 risk stratification in the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) is critical. The HEART score predicts the short-term incidence of major adverse @entity299 (MACE) in this population, dividing it in three risk categories. We aimed to describe the population with @entity662 , to characterize the subgroup of @entity1 with @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) and to assess the prognostic value of Manchester triage system and of HEART score. METHODS: Retrospective observational study including @entity1 admitted to the @entity341 of a tertiary hospital with @entity662 as the presenting symptom. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality, @entity583 or unscheduled revascularization at 6  weeks. RESULTS: We enrolled 233 @entity1 (age 58        19; 55.4  % males). The most common final diagnosis was non-specific @entity662 (n   =   86, 36.9  %), followed by @entity1187 (n   =   22, 9.4  %). Male gender, smoking and @entity740 were associated with higher risk of @entity1187 . According to Manchester triage system, @entity662 @entity1 stratified with red or orange priority had a higher incidence of @entity1187 (16.5  % vs. 3.8  %, p   =   0.006). The application of HEART score showed that most @entity1 were in low risk category (56.3  %). The six-week incidence of MACE in each category was 2  %, 15.6  % and 76.9  % (p   <   0.001). HEART score accurately predicted the short-term incidence of MACE in @entity662 @entity1 (c-statistic 0.880; 95  % CI, 0.807-0.950, p   <   0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity662 @entity1 have very different levels of severity and the discriminatory power of Manchester triage system should be used in the assessment of this population. The HEART score seems to be an effective tool for risk stratification in the @entity341 .

title: @entity662 in the XXXX : risk stratification with Manchester triage system and HEART score.

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['Chest pain', 'chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: AIM: Many @entity146 , including @entity71 ( @entity71 ), disruptive @entity146 , @entity72 , and some @entity146 characteristics, such as poor empathizing, are regarded to be related to elevated levels of @entity3800 or @entity342 sensitivity. Thus, numerous studies have investigated the potential association between @entity342 -related physical diseases and these @entity146 conditions. @entity3427 ( @entity3427 ) is a disease characterized by an increased sensitivity of the pilosebaceous unit to circulating @entity3800 in @entity1 . The purpose of this study was to examine whether @entity3427 has a relationship with @entity342 -related @entity146 conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Totally 37 females with @entity3427 and 33 healthy female controls were included in this study. Childhood and present @entity71 symptoms of the @entity1 were assessed using the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) and the Adult @entity71 Self-Report Scale, respectively. The Autism-spectrum quotient and the interpersonal reactivity index were used to assess autistic traits and different aspects of empathy. @entity3427 severity was measured using the Ferriman-Gallwey scoring system. RESULTS: No significant difference was found between the @entity1 and controls on @entity146 questionnaire scores, except for a trend for subjects with @entity3427 to show higher levels of the school-associated problems than controls according to WURS. The severity of @entity3427 was strongly correlated with the WURS @entity146 and @entity146 /impulsivity subscores and WURS total score, and moderately correlated with the WURS attentional deficit subscore. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides preliminary evidence that common etiological factors may be involved in both the severity of @entity3427 , @entity71 , and coexisting disruptive @entity146 .

title: Autistic Trait, Empathy, and @entity71 in @entity1 with Idiopathic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric disorders', 'behavioral problems', 'behavioral disorders', 'irritability']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['autism spectrum disorders']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

entities_list: @entity3427 :: ('MESH:D006628', 'Disease') :: ['Idiopathic hirsutism', 'Hirsutism', 'IH', 'hirsutism']

answer: @entity3427 :: (MESH:D006628,Disease) :: ['Hirsutism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent advances in surgical techniques for the repair of @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) include the use of an endoventricular patch to exclude the @entity439 . This technique has replaced conventional linear plication of the @entity439 . The endoventricular patch technique remodels the left ventricular cavity to a more physiological geometry that improves function. METHODS AND RESULTS: From December 1989 through November 1993, 45 @entity1 underwent an LVA repair with an endoventricular patch. This procedure was performed in association with coronary artery bypass grafting in 40 @entity1 . Twenty-eight @entity1 (62.2%) also had nonguided encircling subendocardial incisions. Operative procedures included 7 emergency operations, 3 concomitant valve procedures, and a mean of 2.2 bypass grafts per @entity1 . Eight @entity1 had previous cardiac operations. Hospital mortality was 15.6% (7/45) for all @entity1 and 9.1% (3/33) for nonemergent revascularization and LVA repairs. Ejection fraction improved from a mean of 25.8% preoperatively to 37.8% postoperatively; the mean New York Heart Association classification improved from 3.5 to 1.5. Of @entity1 known to have preoperative @entity943 (inducible or @entity944 ), 69% were not inducible postoperatively without antiarrhythmic medication. Survival from late @entity204 (including death of unknown origin) was 86.5% at 2 years. Freedom from documented @entity943 was 94.3% at 2 years. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the patch endoaneurysmorrhaphy technique can provide an excellent functional and physiological outcome in @entity1 with @entity1002 and severely @entity67 .

title: Endoventricular remodeling of XXXX . Functional, clinical, and electrophysiological results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm', 'aneurysm cavity']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['impaired ventricular function']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LVAs', 'left ventricular aneurysms']

answer: @entity1002 :: (MESH:D018487,Disease) :: ['left ventricular aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: to predict @entity4213 content of the habitual diets of free-living subjects from urine and plasma concentrations of @entity4213 . DESIGN: Ten type 2 @entity6 @entity1 (five male, five female), mean age 60 (s.e.m. 7) y and BMI 30.2 (s.e.m. 3.5) kg/m2 were treated in a random crossover design for a 2 week period on either a low @entity3096 diet or on the same diet supplemented at one of two high @entity4213 levels (total 77.3 or 110.4 mg/day) provided by supplements of 1500 ml tea daily and 400 g fried white onion in olive oil with and without @entity523 ketchup and herbs. SETTING: Glasgow Royal Infirmary, University of Glasgow, Scotland. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Fasting plasma concentration, urine concentration and 24 h excretion of @entity3092 , @entity58010 , @entity15605 and @entity3091 . RESULTS: Plasma @entity3095 concentration (r=0.750, P=0.001), 24 h urine concentration (r=0.847, P=0.001) and 24 h urine excretion (r=0.728, P=<0.001) were all highly significantly related to dietary intake and gave similar estimates of intakes. Fasting plasma @entity4213 concentrations on habitual diets ranged from 0 to 43.7 ng/ml mean. Regression equations were constricted: total @entity4213 intake r=0.74, P<0.001 and @entity3092 intake r=0.744, P<0. 001. From these equations, @entity3095 intakes from habitual diets were estimated at 17-50, mean 35 mg/day. Of this, 91% was from @entity3092 . CONCLUSIONS: Dietary @entity4213 are absorbed and appear in plasma and urine as potential biomarkers in concentrations related quantitatively to intake. Estimation of dietary intake from plasma or urine concentrations appears possible. SPONSORSHIP: Rank Prize Funds and Rank Foundation of the Department of @entity1 Nutrition; Ministry of Health and Medical Education, IR Iran. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2000) 54, 143-149

title: Prediction of dietary XXXX consumption from fasting plasma concentration or urinary excretion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity3091 :: ('MESH:C040015', 'Chemical') :: ['myricetin']

entities_list: @entity15605 :: ('MESH:C006552', 'Chemical') :: ['kaempferol']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity4213 :: ('MESH:D044948', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonols']

entities_list: @entity58010 :: ('MESH:C047368', 'Chemical') :: ['isorhamnetin']

entities_list: @entity3095 :: ('CHEBI:5078', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonol']

entities_list: @entity3092 :: ('MESH:D011794', 'Chemical') :: ['quercetin']

entities_list: @entity3096 :: ('CHEBI:47916', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoid']

answer: @entity3095 :: (CHEBI:5078,Chemical) :: ['flavonol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Asthma is the most common chronic condition of childhood and disproportionately affects inner-city minority @entity1 . Low rates of @entity565 preventer medication adherence is a major contributor to poor @entity565 control in these @entity1 . Web-based methods have potential to improve @entity1 knowledge and medication adherence by providing interactive @entity1 education, monitoring of symptoms and medication use, and by facilitation of communication and teamwork among @entity1 and health care providers. Few studies have evaluated web-based @entity565 support environments using all of these potentially beneficial interventions. The multidimensional website created for this study, BostonBreathes, was designed to intervene on multiple levels, and was evaluated in a pilot trial. METHODS: An interactive, engaging website for @entity1 with @entity565 was developed to promote adherence to @entity565 medications, provide a platform for teamwork between caregivers and @entity1 , and to provide primary care providers with up-to-date symptom information and data on medication use. Fifty-eight (58) @entity1 primarily from inner city Boston with persistent-level @entity565 were randomised to either usual care or use of BostonBreathes. Subjects completed @entity565 education activities, and reported their symptoms and medication use. Primary care providers used a separate interface to monitor their @entity1 ' website use, their reported symptoms and medication use, and were able to communicate online via a discussion board with their @entity1 and with an @entity565 specialist. RESULTS: After 6-months, reported wheezing improved significantly in both intervention and control groups, and there were significant improvements in the intervention group only in night-time awakening and @entity25 , but there were no significant differences between intervention and control groups in these measures. Emergency room or acute visits to a physician for @entity565 did not significantly change in either group. Among the subgroup of subjects with low controller medication adherence at baseline, adherence improved significantly only in the intervention group. Knowledge of the purpose of controller medicine increased significantly in the intervention group, a statistically significant improvement over the control group. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study suggests that a multidimensional web-based educational, monitoring, and communication platform may have positive influences on pediatric @entity1 ' @entity565 -related knowledge and use of @entity565 preventer medications.

title: Evaluation of a web-based XXXX self-management system: a randomised controlled pilot trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['parental loss of sleep']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate the severity of @entity308 , @entity148 , and other symptoms of @entity458 in a representative general population sample of @entity239 ( @entity239 ) cases (FC) compared to @entity158 controls (PC), and to identify strong correlates of @entity308 and @entity148 . METHODS: We compared the severity of @entity308 , @entity148 , and other symptoms of @entity458 between 2 representative community samples: (1) 74 confirmed FC, and (2) 48 adults with chronic @entity158 (PC) who did not meet the 1990 ACR criteria for @entity239 . Psychological distress was measured using the Centre for Epidemiological Studies @entity308 (CES-D) Scale, the State-Trait @entity148 Inventory (STAI), and other measures of @entity458 from the literature. Using cutoff scores for CES-D and trait @entity148 , we compared demographic and clinical characteristics in those above and below each cutoff score. Simple linear regression was performed to identify factors strongly and independently correlated with @entity308 and trait @entity148 . RESULTS: Compared to PC, FC were more symptomatic on virtually all measures of @entity458 . Similarly, individuals who scored above cutoff scores for @entity308 and @entity148 had more physical symptoms and had poorer function than those below. @entity308 and trait @entity148 were highly correlated (r = 0.86). In a simple regression model, the best predictors for both @entity308 and trait @entity148 were the total number of symptoms and a @entity717 score. CONCLUSION: @entity308 and @entity148 are common and frequently severe even among community cases of @entity239 .

title: Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain with or without @entity239 : XXXX in a representative community adult sample.

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia', 'FM']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'widespread pain']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['physical disability']

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['psychological distress']


abstract: We report the use of stereotactic radiosurgery delivered through an adapted linear accelerator [stereotactic multiple arc radiation therapy (SMART)] for @entity977 not cured by conventional therapy. All 21 @entity1 had undergone conventional radiotherapy (45-50 Gy); 18 had also undergone prior surgery. This cohort comprised 13 @entity1 with somatotrope @entity652 , four with @entity652 , one with a lactotrope @entity652 , and three with nonfunctioning @entity977 (median follow-up: 33 months, range: 3-72 months). SMART has proven effective, safe, and rapidly acting. We observed an accelerated reduction in GH and @entity442 levels in @entity2012 , with normalization of GH and @entity442 levels in 58%. Mean GH fell from 21.1 mU/liter to 7.9 mU/liter (7 ng/ml to 2.6 ng/ml, P < 0.01, median 25 months) faster than our predicted fall to 50% at 2 yr with conventional radiotherapy. Mean @entity442 fell from 624 ng/ml to 384 ng/ml (P < 0.001). @entity5 growth was controlled in two of three nonfunctioning @entity977 , and three of four @entity652 . There were no adverse effects from SMART. Notably there have been no visual sequelae or further loss of anterior pituitary function in this heavily pretreated group. Our data indicate that SMART is an effective complementary therapy for @entity977 that have displayed a suboptimal response to conventional therapy including external irradiation.

title: Stereotactic radiosurgery XVI: a treatment for previously irradiated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['corticotrope adenomas', 'adenomas', 'adenoma']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['pituitary adenomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Most gastrointestinal (GI) illness within the UK goes undetected by routine surveillance. A national telephone helpline for health advice (NHS Direct) offers a new source of data on @entity344 . We aim to describe NHS Direct calls suggestive of @entity344 and the outcome of these calls. METHODS: Details of over 150000 telephone calls were collected from NHS Direct over a 6-month period. Calls about ' @entity294 ', ' @entity391 ' or ' @entity6766 ' were defined as GI calls and described according to the age of the @entity1 and call outcome. RESULTS: Gastrointestinal calls accounted for 10.3% of total calls (' @entity294 '=4.9%, ' @entity391 '=5.1%). GI calls as a proportion of total calls were significantly high in @entity1 under 1 year (23.5%) and aged 1-4 years (21.5%). Call outcomes which resulted in further NHS care being recommended accounted for 72.3% of total calls and 54.5% of GI calls. CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of NHS Direct calls were about GI symptoms especially for @entity1 under 5 years. When compared with all NHS Direct calls, GI calls were less likely to result in further NHS care being recommended. Analysis of NHS Direct calls provides further insight into @entity344 in the community.

title: What can analysis of calls to NHS direct tell us about the epidemiology of XXXX in the community?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6766 :: ('MESH:D005517', 'Disease') :: ['food poisoning']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['GI infection']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal infections']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fixed-dose combination antiretroviral therapy administered as a single-tablet regimen (STR) may improve virologic suppression rates. The effect of STRs on development of resistance when virologic failure occurs on STRs is not known. OBJECTIVES: To compare the rate of emergent drug resistance mutations (DRMs) on first-line therapy with coformulated @entity19368 ( @entity12046 )/ @entity15832 ( @entity15834 )/efavirenz ( @entity14492 ) as an STR versus @entity12046 , @entity16332 ( @entity16332 ) or @entity15834 , and @entity14492 given as non-STR. METHODS: @entity1 from eight cohorts and four randomized clinical trials who received first-line antiretroviral therapy with Atripla (STR group) or with @entity12046 + @entity15834 / @entity16332 + @entity14492 (non-STR group) were eligible if a genotypic resistance test was available immediately after the first episode of viral failure. The DRM list from the 2013 version of IAS-USA was used. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty-six @entity1 were included in the final analysis, 122 (65.6%) from eight cohorts and 64 (34.1%) from four randomized clinical trials. The overall proportion of @entity1 with at least one DRM at viral failure was 67.7%, including 53.4% (31 of 58) in the STR group vs. 74.2% (95 of 128) in the non-STR group (P=0.005). Among @entity1 exclusively from cohorts, at least one DRM was detected in 53.4% (31 of 58) in the STR group vs. 78.1% (50 of 64) in the non-STR group (P=0.004). DRMs for individual drugs were: @entity12046 , 15.5 vs. 16.4% (P=0.87); @entity16332 / @entity15834 , 31 vs. 35.2% (P=0.58); and NNRTI, 51.7 vs. 65.6% (P=0.07). The proportion of @entity1 with an @entity19899 /I among the 128 @entity1 who received @entity15834 was 32.8 vs. 36.2% among the 58 treated with @entity16332 (P=0.65). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to @entity1 receiving the STR-Atripla, those receiving the same components individually in a non-STR regimen have a statistically significantly increased risk of selecting for DRMs associated with their drugs on failure.

title: Lower prevalence of drug resistance mutations at first-line virological failure to first-line therapy with atripla vs. tenofovir+ @entity15832 / XXXX +efavirenz administered on a multiple tablet therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity15832 :: ('MESH:C122114', 'Chemical') :: ['emtricitabine']

entities_list: @entity19368 :: ('MESH:C418563', 'Chemical') :: ['tenofovir disoproxil fumarate']

answer: @entity16332 :: (MESH:D019259,Chemical) :: ['lamivudine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4269 is a common complication of @entity5 therapeutics; its prevalence, treatment outcomes, and costs have been poorly defined. The objective of this study was to examine @entity4269 prevalence among @entity5 survivors and to characterize changes in clinical outcomes and costs associated with a defined therapeutic intervention (use of a @entity2850 [ @entity2850 ]) in a representative, privately insured population. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Retrospective analysis of de-identified health claims data from a large national insurer for calendar years 2007 through 2013. @entity1 were required to have 12 months of continuous insurance coverage prior to @entity2850 receipt (baseline), as well as a 12-month follow-up period. Analyses were performed for individuals with @entity5 -related @entity4269 (n=1,065). @entity4269 prevalence was calculated: number of @entity1 with a @entity4269 in a calendar year divided by total number of enrollees. The impact of @entity2850 use was evaluated by comparing rates of a pre-specified set of health outcomes and costs for the 12 months before and after, respectively, @entity2850 receipt. @entity4269 prevalence among @entity5 survivors increased from 0.95% in 2007 to 1.24% in 2013. @entity2850 use was associated with decreases in rates of hospitalizations (45% to 32%, p<0.0001), outpatient hospital visits (95% to 90%, p<0.0001), cellulitis diagnoses (28% to 22%, p=0.003), and physical therapy use (50% to 41%, p<0.0001). The average baseline health care costs were high ( 53,422) but decreased in the year after @entity2850 acquisition (- 11,833, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4269 is a prevalent medical condition that is often a defining attribute of @entity5 survivorship. The problem is associated with high health care costs; Treatment (in this instance, use of @entity2850 ) is associated with significant decreases in adverse clinical outcomes and costs.

title: XXXX prevalence and treatment benefits in @entity5 : impact of a therapeutic intervention on health outcomes and costs.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity4269 :: ('MESH:D008209', 'Disease') :: ['Lymphedema', 'lymphedema claim', 'lymphedema']

entities_list: @entity2850 :: ('MESH:D009408', 'Disease') :: ['pneumatic compression devices', 'PCD']

answer: @entity4269 :: (MESH:D008209,Disease) :: ['Lymphedema']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity6509 (including facial erythema) has a negative impact on @entity458 . This survey aimed to assess the impact of facial erythema on subconscious perceptions and the initial reactions of others and how this affects attitudes in different settings. The survey also measured the impact of facial erythema on a @entity1 's emotional and psychological wellbeing. METHODS: A total of 6831 @entity1 from eight countries completed online computer-assisted web interviewing psychological assessments based on the implicit association test. Traditional questionnaires provided data on the impact of facial erythema and perceptions of @entity1 with @entity6509 from other @entity1 . RESULTS: Facial erythema was strongly associated with poor health and negative personality traits with @entity1 reporting negative impacts of @entity6509 emotionally, socially and in the workplace. Nearly 80% reported difficulty in controlling facial erythema but those with physician-diagnosed @entity6509 had significantly improved control versus those with undiagnosed @entity6509 (39% vs 20%, p  <  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with facial erythema have to manage their own psychological barriers to cope with the disease and deal with the prejudice and negative first impressions of others. Formal diagnosis, advice and treatment from a healthcare professional improve @entity6509 control. FUNDING: Galderma.

title: Perceptions on the Psychological Impact of Facial Erythema Associated with XXXX : Results of International Survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'person', 'people', 'People']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological and emotional health']

entities_list: @entity6509 :: ('MESH:D012393', 'Disease') :: ['Rosacea', 'rosacea']

answer: @entity6509 :: (MESH:D012393,Disease) :: ['Rosacea']


abstract: NifQ- and Mol- mutants of @entity3274 show an elevated @entity5334 requirement for @entity1568 fixation. Substitution of @entity1434 for @entity597 as the @entity599 source in the medium reduced the @entity5334 requirement of these mutants to levels required by the wild type. @entity1434 also increased the intracellular @entity5334 accumulation of NifQ- and Mol- mutants. @entity1434 did not affect the @entity5334 requirement or accumulation in wild-type @entity3274 . @entity597 transport and metabolism in @entity3274 were repressed by @entity1434 . However, the effect of @entity1434 on the @entity5334 requirement could not be explained by an interaction between @entity597 and molybdate at the transport level. @entity1434 increased the @entity5334 requirement of Mol- mutants for @entity1507 reductase activity by at least 100-fold. @entity1434 had the same effect on the @entity5334 requirement for @entity1507 reductase activity in @entity526 ChlD- mutants. This shows that @entity1434 does not have a generalized effect on @entity5334 metabolism. Millimolar concentrations of @entity7051 inhibited nitrogenase and @entity1507 reductase derepression with @entity597 as the @entity599 source, but not with @entity1434 . The inhibition was the result of a specific antagonism of @entity597 metabolism by molybdate. The effects of nifQ and mol mutations on nitrogenase could be suppressed either by the addition of @entity1434 or by high concentrations of molybdate. This suggests that a @entity599 donor and @entity5334 interact at an early step in the biosynthesis of the @entity68 - @entity5334 cofactor. This interaction might occur nonenzymatically when the levels of the reactants are high.

title: Biosynthesis of the @entity68 - @entity5334 cofactor and the @entity5334 cofactor in @entity3274 : effect of XXXX source.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity3274 :: ('573', 'Species') :: ['K. pneumoniae', 'Klebsiella pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity1434 :: ('MESH:D003553', 'Chemical') :: ['Cystine', 'cystine']

entities_list: @entity7051 :: ('MESH:C044659', 'Chemical') :: ['molybdate']

entities_list: @entity5334 :: ('MESH:D008982', 'Chemical') :: ['molybdenum']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate', 'Sulfate']

answer: @entity599 :: (MESH:D013455,Chemical) :: ['sulfur']


abstract: A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was started up and operated with alternating anaerobic/oxic (An/O) to perform enhanced biological @entity3151 removal (EBPR) under the condition of 13-16 degrees C. The results showed that under the condition of low temperature, the EBPR system was successfully started up in a short time (<6 d). The reactor achieved a high and stable @entity3151 removal performance with an influent @entity4613 concentration of 20 mg x L(-1) and the dissolved @entity26 (DO) concentration of 2 mg x L(-1). The effluent @entity4613 concentration was lower than 0.5 mg x L(-1). It was found that decreasing DO had an influence on the steady operation of EBPR system. As DO concentration of aerobic phase decreased from 2 mg x L(-1) to 1 mg x L(-1), the system could still perform EBPR and the @entity3151 removal efficiency was greater than 97.4%. However, the amount of @entity4613 released during anaerobic phase was observed to decrease slightly compared with that of 2 mg x L(-1) @entity121 . Moreover, the @entity3151 removal performance of the system deteriorated immediately and the effluent @entity4613 concentration couldn't meet the national integrated wastewater discharge standard when DO concentration was further lowered to 0.5 mg x L(-1). The experiments of increasing DO to recover @entity3151 removal performance of the EBPR suggested the process failure resulted from low DO was not reversible in the short-term. It was also found that the batch tests of anoxic @entity3151 uptake using @entity3542 and @entity1507 as electron acceptors had an impact on the stable operation of EBPR system, whereas the resulting negative influence could be recovered within 6 cycles. In addition, the mixed liquid suspended solids (MLSS) of the EBPR system remained stable and the sludge volume index (SVI) decreased to a certain extend in a long run, implying long-term low temperature and low @entity121 favored the sludge sedimentation.

title: [Startup, stable operation and process failure of EBPR system under the low temperature and low dissolved XXXX condition].

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['DO condition']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: @entity2329 is considered to be one of the rare @entity166 in Japan, but recently it has been slightly increasing. This paper reports three @entity2329 cases who seemed to be infected recently in the Kitakyushu area, Japan. Case 1: A 59-year-old @entity1 in Kitakyushu City passed a round worm after continuous abdominal @entity158 . The @entity1 was discharged from the hospital because of no further abnormal intestinal symptoms and findings. Case 2: An 85-year-old @entity1 in Nakama City, who suffered from @entity385 , vomited a round worm before hospitalization. Many ascarid eggs were detected after admission, and after treatment with @entity12471 ( @entity12471 ) two round worms were passed and egg detection became negative. Case 3: A 77-year-old @entity1 in Saikawa Town vomited 3 round worms after gastrectomy due to early @entity356 . Many unfertilized eggs were also detected from the stool together with hook worm eggs, but no eggs were found after administration of @entity19839 pamoate. Morphological examination was made by a scanning electron microscope on the denticles on the dentigerous lip ridges of the worms to differentiate from possible infection with a @entity1707 parasite, @entity10130 . The three cases were diagnosed as @entity2329 due to @entity1 @entity9124 based on the following evidences that the expelled worms had 1) less pointed tips of the denticles and shallower or wider interdenticle notches, and 2) far more denticles of smaller size along the dentigerous ridges, compared with @entity10130 . The necessity of differentiating @entity1707 - from @entity1 -ascarids, when considering @entity1 infection with @entity10130 , is discussed.

title: [Three recent cases of XXXX in northern Kyushu].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'human', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity12471 :: ('MESH:D011716', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrantel pamoate', 'Combantrin']

entities_list: @entity2329 :: ('MESH:D001196', 'Disease') :: ['Ascariasis', 'ascariasis']

entities_list: @entity9124 :: ('6252', 'Species') :: ['Ascaris lumbricoides']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity2329 :: (MESH:D001196,Disease) :: ['ascariasis']


abstract: The aim of this interdisciplinary project was the improvement of @entity282 management on surgery wards of an university hospital: @entity158 medication should be enlarged with the possibility to administer an opium-medication i.v. (non only s.c.) when needed (VAS > 3), which has been tested on two wards. The study shows the resulting changes of the intervention for @entity1 and nurses. For recording, there has been @entity1 questionnaires and document analysis before and after the new possibility to administer medication, and a nurses opinion survey. RESULTS: 110 resp. 125 @entity1 and 39 nurses have been interviewed. Although there were only few @entity1 (8%) during the second registration who did get the @entity1286 i.v., there were clear tendencies: More @entity1 have been asked about their @entity158 and recognized the visual analog scale (VAS) (p = 0.0004) and less @entity1 found, that they had to wait for a @entity158 -medicament too long. There was a significant reduction of maximal @entity158 (p = 0.02) and also a significant improvement of nursing @entity158 medication (p = 0.035). @entity158 and use of basis-analgesia were slightly reduced resp. improved with the intervention. Overall @entity1 -satisfaction regarding the treatment of their @entity158 was high in both groups (> 95%). Nurses found (88%), that the new possibility to administer the @entity1286 i.v. when needed, was good, even though this intervention and the controls of the vital signs requires more work. They said, that very often, it is worth the extra work, and for 31% of them, the focus on @entity158 became more important through the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The enlargement to administer @entity158 medication and asking/registering @entity158 intensity regularly, created more sensitivity for the @entity1 's @entity158 -experience among nurses, and this lead to better use of the prescribed @entity158 medication and to better @entity158 management overall. Further quality-improvement in post-operative @entity158 relief seems possible by continuing on that way in the future.

title: [Optimizing XXXX therapy on acute surgical wards].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'pain-intensity', 'Actual pain-scores', 'pain', 'supplementary pain', 'pain-scores']

answer: @entity282 :: (MESH:D010149,Disease) :: ['postoperative pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity699 ( @entity699 ) is associated with high cardiovascular risk. @entity62 ( @entity62 ) are common on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in @entity1 with increased cardiovascular risk. AIM: To investigate the relationship between cardiovascular risk, @entity62 , neuropsychological performance and brain volume in @entity699 . DESIGN/METHODS: Thirty-eight @entity1 with @entity699 (23 in remission, 15 active) and 38 controls sex-, age- and education-level matched underwent a neuropsychological and clinical evaluation, blood and urine tests and 3Tesla brain MRI. @entity62 were analysed with the Scheltens scale. Ten-year cardiovascular risk (10CVR) and @entity455 ( @entity455 ) were calculated according to an algorithm based on the Framingham heart study. RESULTS: @entity1 in remission had a higher degree of @entity62 than controls and active @entity1 (P<0.001 and P=0.008 respectively), which did not correlate with cognitive performance in any group. @entity62 severity positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure (r=0.659, P=0.001) and duration of @entity101 (r=0.478, P=0.021) in @entity1 in remission.   Both @entity1 groups (active and in remission) had higher 10CVR (P=0.030, P=0.041) and @entity455 than controls (P=0.013, P=0.039). Neither the 10CVR nor the @entity455 correlated with @entity62 , although both negatively correlated with cognitive function and brain volume in @entity1 in remission (P<0.05).   Total brain volume and grey matter volume in both @entity699 @entity1 groups were reduced compared to controls (total volume: active P=0.006, in remission P=0.012; grey matter: active P=0.001, in remission P=0.003), with no differences in white matter volume between groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 in remission of @entity699 (but not active @entity1 ) have more severe @entity62 than controls, positively correlated with diastolic pressure and duration of @entity101 . Ten-year cardiovascular risk and @entity455 appear to be negatively correlated with the cognitive function and brain volume in @entity1 in remission of @entity699 .

title: Cardiovascular risk and @entity62 after endocrine control of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['VA', 'vascular age']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ['CS', "Cushing's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter lesions', 'White matter lesions', 'WML']

answer: @entity699 :: (MESH:D003480,Disease) :: ['Cushing's syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the impact of @entity4736 and @entity11833 expression on response to @entity900 and/or @entity136 chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity43 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity1 with @entity43 , who used @entity900 and/or @entity136 therapy were included; hospital files were examined and @entity4736 and @entity11833 expression were evaluated with an immunohistochemical method on tissue cross sections from paraffin blocks of the @entity5 . RESULTS: Out of 89 @entity1 , 51%, 30% and 19% had @entity43 , respectively. The response rates to the therapy in @entity1 with lung and @entity43 having low @entity11833 expression were 62% and 90%, respectively (p = 0.028 and p = 0.044, respectively). No significant association was found between @entity11833 expression and response to therapy in @entity1 with @entity788 (p = 0.354). Therapeutic response rates in @entity1 with lung and @entity788 with low @entity4736 expression were 60% and 82%, respectively. Survival rates were higher in @entity1 with @entity2 in which @entity11833 and @entity4736 expressions were low. Median survival duration in @entity1 with @entity43 showing low @entity11833 and @entity4736 expressions was longer than that seen in @entity1 with high expressions. Although no significant correlation was found between @entity11833 and the survival in @entity43 (p = 0.183), there was a significant correlation between @entity4736 expression and survival in @entity1 with @entity788 (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a predictive value of @entity11833 in lung and @entity43 , and also @entity4736 in lung and @entity788 .

title: @entity11833 and @entity4736 as a predictive parameter for XXXX treated with @entity900 and/or @entity136 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['lung, ovarian or pancreatic cancer', 'ovarian cancers', 'ovarian cancer', 'lung, ovarian and pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancers', 'pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung, ovarian or pancreas cancer']


abstract: Several chromosomal rearrangements involving band 3q26 are known to induce @entity22213 overexpression. They include inv(3)(q21q26), t(3;3)(q21;q26), t(3;21)(q26;q22) and t(3;12)(q26;p13). Translocations involving the short arm of chromosome 2 and 3q26 have been reported in more than 50 @entity1 with @entity74 . However, although the breakpoints on 2p are scattered over a long segment, their distribution had only been analyzed in 9 @entity1 . We performed fluorescent in situ hybridization with a library of BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) clones in 4 @entity1 with t(2;3)(p15-23;q26). Our results combined with those of the 9 previously reported @entity1 showed scattering of the breakpoints in 2 regions. A 1.08Mb region in band 2p21 encompassing the @entity60496 , @entity58758 and @entity43258 genes was documented in 5 @entity1 . A second region of 1.83Mb in band 2p16.1 was identified in 8 @entity1 . Four @entity1 showed clustering around the @entity21270 gene and the remaining 4 around a long intergenic non-coding RNA, FLJ30838. These regions are characterized by the presence of regulatory sequences (CpG islands and promoters) that could be instrumental in @entity22213 overexpression.

title: Breakpoint heterogeneity in (2;3)(p15-23;q26) translocations involving XXXX in myeloid hemopathies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['myeloid disorders']

answer: @entity22213 :: (2122,Gene) :: ['EVI1']


abstract: Fundus autofluorescence (AF) imaging by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy has been widely used by ophthalmologists in the diagnosis/monitoring of various @entity989 . It is believed that fundus AF is derived from lipofuscin in @entity989 ( @entity989 ) cells; however, direct clinicopathological correlation has not been possible in @entity1 . We examined fundus AF by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and confocal microscopy in normal C57BL/6 @entity19 of different ages. Increasingly strong AF signals were observed with age in the neuroretina and subretinal/ @entity989 layer by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. Unlike fundus AF detected in normal @entity1 subjects, @entity19 fundus AF appeared as discrete foci distributed throughout the retina. Most of the AF signals in the neuroretina were distributed around retinal vessels. Confocal microscopy of retinal and choroid/ @entity989 flat mounts demonstrated that most of the AF signals were derived from @entity9271 + perivascular and subretinal microglia. An age-dependent accumulation of @entity9271 + microglia at the subretinal space was observed. Lipofuscin granules were detected in large numbers in subretinal microglia by electron microscopy. The number of AF+ microglia and the amount of AF granules/cell increased with age. AF granules/lipofuscin were also observed in @entity989 cells in @entity19 older than 12 months, but the number of AF+ @entity989 cells was very low (1.48 mm(-2) and 5.02 mm(-2) for 12 and 24 months, respectively) compared to the number of AF+ microglial cells (20.63 mm(-2) and 76.36 mm(-2) for 6 and 24 months, respectively). The fluorescence emission fingerprints of AF granules in subretinal microglia were the same as those in @entity989 cells. Our observation suggests that perivascular and subretinal microglia are the main cells producing lipofuscin in normal aged @entity19 retina and are responsible for in vivo fundus AF. Microglia may play an important role in retinal aging and age-related @entity989 .

title: Age-dependent accumulation of lipofuscin in perivascular and subretinal microglia in experimental XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal disorders', 'retinal pigment epithelial', 'RPE', 'retinal diseases']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: This is a clinical study of 193 adult cases of perforating @entity698 during a nine-year period of treatment. There were 77 females (39.9%) and 116 males (60.1%) with ages of 15 years and above. Throughout the study period, the yearly perforation frequency ranged from 10.0 to 23.1% (mean 16.7%) of all cases with proven @entity698 . Perforation was equally common in both sexes, females: 15.5%, males: 17.6% of the @entity698 cases. In elderly @entity1 (greater than or equal to 60 years of age) perforation was much more common; 37 out of 77 cases with proven @entity698 (48.1%). Compared to different ages ( @entity1 under and above 60 years of age), clinical and laboratory findings were found equal. Duration of symptoms showed no differences for younger and elderly @entity1 . Preoperative delay in the hospital of at least 6 hours occurred in 39.9% of all @entity1 , and was found equally common in @entity1 younger than 60 years (39.1%) and in those from 60 years and older (43.2%). There were no fatalities in the study group. Postoperative septical complications predominated over non-septical (32.6 versus 9.3%), and were equally common in both sexes and in @entity1 of different ages. The frequency of occurrence of septical complications was not significantly influenced by the duration of symptoms or by the duration of operation, furthermore, septical complications were equally frequent throughout the study period, although the use of antibiotics changed towards drugs more potent to cover anaerobic bacteria (28.1% infections for the period 1972-1976 versus 29.8% for the period 1977-1981).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX . A nine-year survey of treatment and results.

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis']

answer: @entity698 :: (MESH:D001064,Disease) :: ['Perforating appendicitis']


abstract: The antihypertensive drugs @entity11848 and @entity1169 can produce identical liver injuries which must be distinguished clinically and morphologically from @entity99 . In 19 cases selected from our biopsy file during the last two years, clinical and morphological findings suggested that the @entity99 diagnosed by light microscopy had been caused by an adverse reaction to @entity11848 and/or @entity1169 . In order to establish a causal relation the lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT) was performed with @entity11848 in 11 cases. Positive results were observed in 9 cases, demonstrating an etiologic role for @entity11848 in @entity99 in these cases. The @entity11848 and/or @entity1169 induced @entity99 consisted mainly of @entity99 with confluent (bridging) @entity39 . Different findings were observed in three cases: In two of these @entity99 with @entity39 was observed together with eosinophilic cholangio-cholangiolitis. In one other case the histologic changes corresponded to drug @entity99 resembling @entity99 . Each of the three cases showed @entity1448 , a feature which is unusual in @entity99 with @entity39 irrespective of serum @entity648 levels. In one third of our cases we found morphological features of @entity56 in the liver biopsies. Considered together with the results of LPT these features emphasize the role of cell mediated immune reaction in the mechanism of @entity99 caused by @entity11848 and/or @entity1169 .

title: [Liver lesions induced by @entity11848 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['confluent necrosis', 'necrosis']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['conspicuous centrolobular cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity reactions']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['acute viral hepatitis', 'drug-induced hepatitis', 'liver injury', 'viral hepatitis', 'hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity11848 :: ('MESH:D004078', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydralazine']

answer: @entity1169 :: (MESH:D011433,Chemical) :: ['propranolol']


abstract: The hallmarks of @entity309 ( @entity309 ) are leukocytic infiltration of the synovium and expansiveness of @entity8553 ( @entity8553 ). The abnormal proliferation of @entity8553 and their resistance to apoptosis is mediated, at least in part, by present in @entity309 joints proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors. Because @entity8252 exerts properties of antiapoptotic and growth factors, and is produced by @entity309 @entity8553 , we hypothesized that @entity8252 participates in @entity309 @entity8553 activation. To test this hypothesis, we first examined whether @entity309 @entity8553 express chains required for high affinity functional IL-15R. Indeed, @entity309 @entity8553 express @entity44262 at mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, we confirmed the presence of @entity3647 and common gamma-chains. Interestingly, @entity310 or @entity1356 triggered significant elevation of @entity44262 chain at mRNA and protein levels. Next, we investigated the effects of exogenous or endogenous @entity8252 on @entity588 and @entity1836 expression, @entity8553 proliferation, and apoptosis. Exogenous @entity8252 enhanced @entity309 @entity8553 proliferation and increased the level of mRNA-encoding @entity1836 . To test the role of endogenous @entity8252 in the activation of @entity309 @entity8553 , an @entity8252 mutant/Fcgamma2a protein exerting properties of specific antagonist to the @entity44262 chain was used. We found that blocking @entity8252 biological activities using this protein substantially reduced endogenous expression of @entity588 and @entity1836 (L), and @entity309 @entity8553 proliferation that was reflected by increased apoptosis. Thus, we have demonstrated that a distinctive phenotype of @entity309 @entity8553 , i.e., persistent activation, proliferation, and resistance to apoptosis, is related to the autocrine activation of IL-15Rs by @entity8553 -derived @entity8252 .

title: Fibroblast-like synoviocytes from XXXX patients express functional @entity8252 receptor complex: endogenous @entity8252 in autocrine fashion enhances cell proliferation and expression of @entity1836 and @entity588 .

entities_list: @entity8553 :: ('MESH:C565779', 'Disease') :: ['FLS', 'fibroblast-like synoviocytes']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1487 -based preoperative chemoradiotherapy has become the standard treatment for @entity5 . In order to improve the @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity66 ( @entity66 ), we added @entity901 to the standard treatment, and compared the effectiveness of these two treatment patterns. METHODS: A total of 206 @entity1 enrolled in the prospective study had histologically confirmed @entity5 of clinical stage II/III during July 2007 to July 2010. They were randomized into the experimental group received @entity901 and @entity416 in combination with radiotherapy, and the control group received @entity416 in combination with radiotherapy. All @entity1 received surgery in 6-10 weeks after chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy with mFOLFOX6. The primary endpoints were @entity66 and @entity1349 , and the secondary endpoints included @entity137 , compliance, and histopathological response. RESULTS: The 3-year @entity1349 in the experimental group and the control group was 90.29% vs. 86.41% (P>0.05), and the 3-year @entity66 was 80.58% vs. 69.90% (P>0.05). The pathological complete remission (pCR) rates were 23.30% and 19.42%, respectively (P=0.497). The 3-year local recurrence rates were 4.85% vs. 5.83% (P=0.694), and the 3-year distant @entity3 rates were 16.50% and 28.16%, respectively (P=0.045). There were no significant differences in most grade 3-4 toxicities between two groups, however, grade 3-4 @entity294 occurred in 16.50% (17/103) of the experimental group, compared with 6.80% (7/103) of the control group (P=0.030). Also, the total grade 3-4 acute @entity137 showed a significant difference (10.68% vs. 21.36%, P=0.037). CONCLUSIONS: The experimental treatment did not lead significantly improved @entity1349 and @entity66 , and thus longer follow-up is warranted for our @entity1 cohort. Adding @entity901 to @entity416 -based preoperative chemoradiotherapy can significantly reduce @entity3 , but has only minimal impact on local recurrence. Although grade 3-4 @entity137 rate increased (primarily gastrointestinal @entity137 ), @entity1 can stand to be followed up with allopathic treatment.

title: XXXX -based preoperative chemoradiotherapy with or without @entity901 for @entity5 : a 3-year follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['disease-free survival', 'DFS']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer', 'stage II/III rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['Fluorouracil']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Previous studies report reduced interoceptive @entity1278 ( @entity1278 ) using various methods. Recent research suggests that different levels of interoceptive processes aiming at different subdomains of interoceptive abilities must be further distinguished as these levels can be differentially affected. Two important levels refer to interoceptive accuracy (IA) derived from objective performance tasks such as the heartbeat detection task and interoceptive sensibility (IS) as assessed by self-report. There is a lack of studies investigating both IA and IS in @entity1278 and examining them in the time course of therapy. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the different interoceptive processes - especially IA and IS - in the time course of therapy. METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 with @entity1278 (restricting type) from the Psychosomatic Clinic in Windach were investigated three times (T1, T2, T3) during a standardized cognitive-behavioral therapy and compared with 15 matched healthy controls assessed at Ulm University in a comparable design. All @entity1 performed the heartbeat detection task examining IA and completed standard psychological assessments including an assessment of IS. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity1278 showed a significantly decreased weight, higher levels of @entity308 , and both reduced IA and IS compared to healthy controls at T1. Following therapy, @entity1 recovered in terms of weight and @entity308 symptomatology. A descriptive trend for recovering from IA and IS was observed. DISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that interoceptive deficits are present in recovered @entity1 . Therefore, further investigations are needed with more @entity1 , differentiating between relapsed and recovered @entity1 , and more specific training methods to improve interoceptive processes.

title: Interoceptive XXXX in the Time Course of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: A Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['abilities in anorexia nervosa', 'AN']

answer: @entity1278 :: (MESH:D000856,Disease) :: ['Processes in Anorexia Nervosa']


abstract: PURPOSE: A planning study to compare @entity499 ( @entity499 ) and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for the treatment of anal canal @entity5 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen (8 males and 8 females) @entity1 with @entity5 previously treated radically were identified. @entity499 and IMRT plans were generated and dosimetric comparisons of the plans were performed. The planning goals were to deliver 54Gy to the @entity5 ( @entity343 (54Gy)) and 48Gy to the nodes at risk ( @entity343 (Node)) in 30 fractions. RESULTS: PTVs: @entity499 plans were more homogeneous for both @entity1 and @entity1 . Male @entity1 : @entity499 vs. IMRT: D(max): 55.87+/-0.58 vs. 59.17+/-3.24 (p=0.036); D(min): 52.91+/-0.36 vs. 44.09+/-6.84 (p=0.012); female @entity1 : @entity499 vs. IMRT: D(max): 56.14+/-0.71 vs. 59.47+/-0.81 (p=0.012); D(min): 52.36+/-0.87 vs. 50.97+/-1.42 (p=0.028). OARs: In general, @entity499 plans delivered a lower dose to the peritoneal cavity, external genitalia and the bladder and IMRT plans resulted in greater sparing of the pelvic bones (iliac crest/femur) for both @entity1 and @entity1 . Iliac crest/femur: the difference was significant only for the mean V10Gy of iliac crest in @entity1 (p< or =0.012). External genitalia: @entity499 plans achieved better sparing in @entity1 compared to @entity1 (p< or =0.046). For @entity1 , the mean doses were 18.96+/-3.17 and 15.72+/-3.21 for the @entity499 and IMRT plan, respectively (p< or =0.017). Skin: both techniques achieved comparable sparing of the non-target skin (p=NS). CONCLUSIONS: @entity499 and IMRT techniques achieved comparable target dose coverage and organ sparing, whereas @entity499 plans were more homogeneous for both @entity1 and @entity1 .

title: A treatment planning study comparing XXXX with intensity-modulated radiotherapy for the treatment of @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'anal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity499 :: ('MESH:C536217', 'Disease') :: ['HT', 'helical tomotherapy']

answer: @entity499 :: (MESH:C536217,Disease) :: ['helical tomotherapy']


abstract: PURPOSE: To explore the cost-utility of @entity231 surgery in @entity1 with advanced @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ). METHODS: @entity1 who were diagnosed as having and treated for age-related @entity231 and with a history of advanced @entity1020 at the Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, were included in the study. All of the @entity1 underwent successful phacoemulsification with foldable posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation under retrobulbar anesthesia. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and utility value elicited by time trade-off method from @entity1 at 3-month postoperative time were compared with those before surgery. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained in a lifetime were calculated at a 3% annual discounted rate. Costs per QALY gained were calculated using the bootstrap method, and probabilities of being cost-effective were presented using a cost-effectiveness acceptability curve. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the results. RESULTS: Mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution BCVA in the operated eye increased from 1.37    0.5 (Snellen, 20/469) to 0.98    0.25 (Snellen, 20/191) (p < 0.001); BCVA in the weighted average from both eyes (=75% better eye + 25% worse eye) was changed from 1.13    0.22 (Snellen, 20/270) to 0.96    0.17 (Snellen, 20/182) (p < 0.001). Utility values from both @entity1 and doctors increased significantly after surgery (p < 0.001 and p = 0.007). @entity1 gained 1.17 QALYs by @entity231 surgery in their lifetime. The cost per QALY was 8835 Chinese yuan (CNY) (1400 U.S. dollars [USD]). It is cost-effective at the threshold of 115,062 CNY (18,235 USD) per QALY in China recommended by the World Health Organization. The cost per QALY varied from 7045 CNY (1116 USD) to 94,178 CNY (14,925 USD) in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Visual acuity and quality of life assessed by utility value improved significantly after surgery. @entity231 surgery was a cost-effective intervention for @entity1 with coexistent @entity1020 .

title: Cost-Utility Analyses of XXXX Surgery in Advanced Age-Related @entity1020 .

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['AMD', 'age-related macular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['Cataract', 'cataract']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['Cataract']


abstract: 1. A study of 24 smelter workers routinely exposed to @entity4447 was conducted to evaluate some characteristics of its absorption and excretion. A statistically significant correlation was found between airborne @entity4447 concentrations below 300 mug/m3 and urinary @entity3494 values below 500 mug/liter. These @entity1 wore personal monitors for five consecutive work days and were determined to have been exposed to average airborne @entity3494 concentrations of 53 mug/m3 (70 mug/m3 of @entity4447 ) which increased their urinary @entity3494 values from 152 mug/liter to 200 mug/liter (an average gain on 32%). 2. The background average urinary @entity3494 value for adult males not exposed to @entity4447 in industry was determined to be 52.6 mug/liter for 204 @entity1 during preemployment examinations. 3. After removal from industrial @entity4447 exposure, the rate of fall in urinary @entity3494 values varies with the magnitude of the urinary @entity3494 level. An initial decrease of 9.5% per day was measured for workers having urinary @entity3494 values below 200 mug/liter. The initial decrease is about 21% per day for workers with urinary @entity3494 values over 600 mug/liter. 4. It was determined that @entity3494 in seafood can alter, in a dramatic fashion, the urinary @entity3494 values determined for smelter workers within 24 hours following consumption. It is recommended, therefore, that the absorption of @entity4447 due to industrial exposure is best evaluated from urine samples collected at least two days after seafood has been eaten.

title: XXXX absorption and excretion in industry.

entities_list: @entity4447 :: ('MESH:C006632', 'Chemical') :: ['arsenic trioxide']

answer: @entity4447 :: (MESH:C006632,Chemical) :: ['Arsenic trioxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE:     To conduct a preclinical evaluation of the ability of natural killer cells to cytolyze @entity150 cells that were modified to show enhanced expression of @entity3223 ( @entity3223 ) ligands by R8-liposome-bacillus Calmette-Gu  in (BCG)-cell wall skeleton (CWS) treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS:     The @entity1 cells and @entity1 cells were co-cultured with R8-liposome-BCG-CWS and BCG for 2, 4, or 6 h, and then the surface expression of @entity3223 ligands was analyzed using TaqMan real-time quantitative RT-PCR.     Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained with a conventional preparation kit, and then lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells were generated from these purified peripheral blood mononuclear cells via @entity1199 stimulation.     The anti- @entity5 effect of LAK cells against untreated and R8-liposome-BCG-CWS co-cultured with cells of the @entity1 @entity150 cell lines T24 and RT-112 was analyzed using the cytotoxic WST-8 assay method at 4 h of culture at various effector/target (E : T) ratios. RESULTS:     Major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain B ( @entity1532 ) expression was increased    1.5-fold on @entity1 cells and @entity1 cells with BCG.     @entity50372 expression was also increased    1.5-fold on @entity1 cells and @entity1 cells with BCG. R8-liposome-BCG-CWS increased the surface expression of @entity1532 2.2-fold on @entity1 cells but did not increase it significantly on @entity1 cells.     @entity50372 expression was increased    2.2-fold on @entity1 cells, although no differences were observed between the expression of @entity43782 and 3 with R8-liposome-BCG-CWS.     @entity1 cells that were co-cultured with R8-liposome-BCG-CWS showed an    1.3-fold increase in sensitivity to cytolysis by LAK cells at an E : T ratio of 4 and @entity1 cells showed an    1.4-fold increase at an E : T ratio of 2. CONCLUSIONS:     In the present study, the induction of surface @entity3223 ligands by R8-liposome-BCG-CWS rendered @entity5 cells more susceptible to cytolysis by LAK cells.     @entity1 cells and @entity1 cells, even when cultured singly in the absence of immune cells, can directly respond to R8-liposome-BCG-CWS.     The results obtained in the present study may therefore indicate a novel adoptive immunotherapy against @entity150 .

title: The liposome-incorporating cell wall skeleton of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Gu  in can directly enhance the susceptibility of @entity5 cells to lymphokine-activated killer cells through up-regulation of XXXX ligands.

entities_list: @entity3223 :: ('22914', 'Gene') :: ['natural-killer group 2, member D', 'NKG2D']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancers', 'bladder cancer']

answer: @entity3223 :: (22914,Gene) :: ['natural-killer group 2, member D']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 is a common diagnosis and leading cause of @entity204 worldwide. Amounts of @entity353 vary but it is associated with considerable morbidity, poorer quality of life and reduced survival. Nutritional intervention has the potential to maximise response to treatment and improve functioning and quality of life. The aim of this paper was to review the evidence for oral nutritional interventions in the management of @entity353 in @entity1 with @entity5 . Comparison of studies of nutritional support interventions in @entity1 with @entity5 is complicated by variations in understanding of what constitutes a compromised nutritional status. There are similarities and differences between definitions of both @entity3147 and @entity3085 and studies of oral nutritional interventions have failed to use standard criteria at study inclusion contributing to heterogeneity amongst studies. Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials has suggested limited evidence of benefit to nutritional and clinical outcomes but some improvements to aspects of quality of life. The presence of @entity3085 in @entity1 with @entity5 might explain the limited efficacy of simple oral nutritional interventions, which lack a component designed to address @entity209 associated with @entity3085 . Novel strategies combining nutritional support with therapeutic agents designed to down-regulate the metabolic aberrations have failed to demonstrate consistent benefits and the results of multimodal treatments combining several interventions are awaited. There is a need for intervention studies recruiting @entity1 early in the disease course, which underlines the need for definitions which predict poor outcome and hence allow early recognition of vulnerable @entity1 .

title: The effectiveness of nutritional interventions in XXXX and @entity3085 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic abnormalities']

answer: @entity3147 :: (MESH:D044342,Disease) :: ['malnutrition']


abstract: Long-term results in 64 @entity1 who underwent aortic valvuloplasty for @entity337 associated with @entity1757 are presented. The average age of the @entity1 was 10.2 years and the average cardiothoracic ratio was 0.57 at the time of operation. The average degree of @entity337 , as classified by Sellers, was 2.7. The type of @entity1757 was subpulmonic in 31 @entity1 , perimembranous in 20, and was a total conal defect in five @entity1 . Valvuloplasty was performed at one end of an aortic cusp in 23 @entity1 , at two ends in 33, at three ends in six, and at four ends in two @entity1 . There was one operative death (1.6%). The follow-up period was 447.7 @entity1 -years, and there were no late deaths. The actuarial survival rate was 98.3% at 5, 10, and 15 years. Postoperative cardiac catheterization was performed in 40 @entity1 . @entity177 was defined as the presence of a cardiothoracic ratio greater than 0.6, a loud regurgitant murmur (Levine grade 3/6 or greater), moderate or severe @entity337 (Sellers grade 3 or 4), or the necessity of reoperation. There were 17 @entity1 whose valvuloplasty failed. The freedom from valvuloplasty failure was 74.2% at 5 and 10 years and 55.3% at 15 years. Eight @entity1 underwent reoperation because of residual @entity337 , and all survived. The freedom from reoperation was 90.1% at 5 years, 80.5% at 10 years, and 63.7% at 15 years. Multiple regression analysis revealed that older age, a greater cardiothoracic ratio, perimembranous @entity1757 , and multiple valvuloplasties were significant contributing factors for residual regurgitation after aortic valvuloplasty.

title: Long-term results of aortic valvuloplasty for @entity337 associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['Valvuloplasty failure']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defect']

answer: @entity1757 :: (MESH:D006345,Disease) :: ['ventricular septal defect']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: 1) To characterize pediatric cochlear implant performance in @entity1 with @entity393 secondary to @entity4008 . 2) To evaluate performance differences in @entity1 with and without @entity11389 ( @entity11389 ). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review. SETTING: A large university-based multidisciplinary cochlear implant program. @entity1 : Forty-nine @entity1 with @entity393 from @entity4008 who received cochlear implants from 1991 to 2011. Thirty-nine @entity1 had adequate data for analysis. INTERVENTION: Cochlear implantation with postoperative performance evaluation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Speech perception category (SPC). RESULTS: Nineteen (48.7%) @entity1 had intraoperative evidence of @entity11389 . Fourteen @entity1 (70.0%) without @entity11389 compared with seven (36.8%) with @entity11389 developed open-set speech after implantation. There was a trend toward better postimplant SPC outcomes in @entity1 without @entity11389 that did not reach statistical significance (p=0.17). The presence of @entity11389 negatively correlated with classroom placement (p<0.05). Analysis of each group individually demonstrated statistically significant improvement in pre- versus postimplant SPC outcomes (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The presence of @entity11389 may negatively affect performance in pediatric @entity1 receiving a cochlear implant for @entity393 secondary to @entity4008 .

title: The Impact of XXXX Ossificans on Speech Performance After Pediatric Cochlear Implantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity11389 :: ('MESH:D007762', 'Disease') :: ['LO', 'labyrinthitis ossificans']

answer: @entity11389 :: (MESH:D007762,Disease) :: ['Postmeningitic Labyrinthitis']


abstract: There were 16 cases of orbital recurrence in a consecutive series of 317 @entity1 with @entity995 referred to a specialist centre. The incidence of orbital relapse amongst @entity1 treated at the centre from the outset of their disease was 2.5%. In every case the @entity1 was the first affected family member. The @entity5 was therefore not anticipated and had commonly been detected at an advanced stage. Systemic staging investigations detected extraorbital spread in six of the 16 and none of these @entity1 survived. One of the remaining ten @entity1 with no evidence of dissemination at the time of diagnosis of orbital recurrence is a long-term survivor. No @entity1 survived after orbital exenteration or radical orbital radiotherapy alone. Three @entity1 received a combination of radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. Only one of the three was free from @entity262 at relapse and this @entity1 is the only survivor. In @entity1 apparently free from widespread @entity995 at diagnosis of orbital recurrence, distant relapse was the commonest cause of @entity204 though several @entity1 died from direct intracranial extension. It is advocated that orbital recurrence of @entity995 is treated by excision biopsy of the @entity5 mass followed by radical orbital radiotherapy to a dose of 50 Gy. This should be combined with adjuvant chemotherapy and, where a risk of direct intracranial extension exists, by neuraxis irradiation. No other @entity1 in this series with evidence of local extraocular extension of @entity995 at enucleation and who had received radical orbital radiotherapy to a full dose of 50 Gy subsequently recurred in the orbit.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Orbital recurrence of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['ocular tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity995 :: (MESH:D012175,Disease) :: ['retinoblastoma']


abstract: Integration of @entity1082 ) DNA into host genome occurs early in @entity5 development and is probably an important event in @entity5 . The HPV genome integration usually disrupts E2 gene open reading frames. It results in the lack of E2 gene suppressor of the synthesis of E6 and E7 products which, in turn, leads to the overexpression of E6 and E7 genes. The oncogenic HPV types ( @entity1799 , -18, -45, and -58) can be present as episomes or may integrate into @entity1 chromosomes. Sixty-six cervical @entity5 @entity1 positive for @entity1799 were tested for the presence of @entity72319 genes. Multiplex PCR was carried out in all cases. Using cluster analysis, the calculated ratios of @entity6860 /(E1*E6) gene amplification products were divided into two or three statistically different groups. These were used for statistical analysis of the prevalence of specific gene types in histological types of @entity5 , different levels of clinical staging, and histologically confirmed nodal metastases. The statistical analysis proved a significant correlation in the ratios of @entity39174 only. The @entity39174 were higher in @entity189 in situ than in advanced @entity5 . The E2/E6 ratios were lower in higher clinical stages. The multiplex PCR estimation of the E2/E6 ratio could be a simple method for selecting @entity1 with a high risk of a poor outcome in a standard stage-dependent treatment procedure.

title: @entity1799 status in cervical XXXX cell DNA assayed by multiplex PCR.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant transformation of cervical cancer', 'cancer', 'squamous cancers']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Social cognition has been shown to be affected in @entity162 , even during euthymia. However, the social cognitive profile of this group of disorders remains to be ascertained, given that such a broad neuropsychological construct has not been systematically examined in bipolar subjects across different tasks. The aim of this study was to quantify the magnitude of @entity1 -control differences for distinct social cognition assessment instruments: the Hinting Task, the Eyes Test, Faux Pas, the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test, and emotional labeling using visual stimuli. METHOD: Effect sizes were extracted from studies chosen according to more stringent criteria than previously used in systematic reviews on the topic and pooled by means of meta-analytical procedures. RESULTS: No significant @entity1 -control differences were found for the recognition of three basic emotions (happiness, sadness, and anger). Small but significant effect sizes favoring healthy controls (Hedges*  g<0.5) were noted for emotional intelligence, the Hinting Task, the Eyes Test, and the recognition of fear, disgust, and surprise. A medium effect size (Hedges*  g=0.58) was noted for the Faux Pas Test. LIMITATIONS: The possible effects of other @entity149 on social cognitive performance could not be explored. CONCLUSION: On average, small-to-moderate differences may exist between euthymic @entity162 subjects and healthy controls regarding social cognitive performance, with mental state decoding being more preserved than mental state reasoning. The influence of clinical and neurocognitive variables, which may play an important role in the social cognitive outcomes of these @entity1 , deserves further clarification.

title: An individual task meta-analysis of social cognition in euthymic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder', 'bipolar disorders']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['neurocognitive impairments']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorders']


abstract: A method has been developed for discovering of antibody covered bacteria in the urine by means of a coagglutination test with a protein A containing strain--St. aureus Cowan's I. The test is based on the ability of staphylococcal protein A to bind Fc-fragment of IgG. As a specificity control St. aureus Wood 46 was used. 38 @entity1 with @entity293 were examined. As pyelonephritic criteria the following were considered: febrile episodes, @entity158 , @entity2011 , pollakiuria, leukocyturia, @entity644 , raised arterial pressure, @entity417 , @entity177 or @entity177 , x-ray, ultrasound and isotopic-nephrographic changes. In the presence of antibody covered bacteria the test is positive--there is coagglutination only with st. aureus Cowan's I. If the bacteria are not antibody coated no coagglutination takes place. If there is coagglutination with both strains the reaction is considered non-specific. II samples gave non-specific reaction. In 75% of the pyelonephritic @entity1 the test was positive. In 70% of the @entity1 with @entity293 of the lower urinary tract, i.e. with bacteria without immunoglobulins, the test was negative. In 74.1% of the cases there is a correlation between the coagglutination test and the localization of the @entity293 by means of other clinical and paraclinical methods. It is suggested that the coagglutination test should be included in the examination of @entity1 with @entity293 , the positive test indicates renal localization of the @entity281 .

title: [Coagglutination test to localize a XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['diminished renal function', 'chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['lumber pains']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary infection', 'urinary infections']

answer: @entity293 :: (MESH:D014552,Disease) :: ['urinary infection']