abstract: The aim of this study was to compare 6-month clinical outcomes of @entity1 with in-stent @entity256 (ISR) involving the ostium treated with intracoronary radiation therapy (IRT) compared to placebo therapy, and also to nonostial lesions treated with IRT. Coronary interventions in @entity75 have a high rate of recurrence of @entity256 . The impact of IRT on ostial ISR has been inadequately characterized. We assessed @entity1 enrolled in gamma (192- @entity3201 ) and beta (90-yttrium, 32- @entity3151 ) radiation trials for ISR at the Washington Hospital Center. Of @entity1 receiving IRT, 105 (8%) @entity1 had ostial ISR and 1,289 (92%) @entity1 had nonostial ISR. Twenty-seven @entity1 had ostial ISR and received placebo therapy. Baseline demographic and angiographic and procedural details were similar, except ostial IRT @entity1 had a trend toward shorter lesions (15.4 +/- 10.8 vs. 24.1 +/- 12.2 mm; P < 0.001) and had a higher rate of saphenous vein graft disease (46% vs. 19%; P < 0.001) compared to nonostial IRT @entity1 . At 6 months, @entity75 treated with IRT for ISR had a reduced rate of @entity75 revascularization (TLR) compared to @entity75 treated with placebo (15% vs. 43%; P = 0.004). Outcomes at 6 months were similar for the ostial and nonostial IRT groups including TLR (15% vs. 14%; P = 0.80) and composite major adverse @entity299 (18% vs. 15%; P = 0.46). Intracoronary radiation therapy is effective for @entity75 and should be comfortably used for this challenging anatomic location.

title: Impact of intracoronary radiation on in-stent XXXX involving @entity75 .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['ostial in-stent restenotic lesions', 'target lesion', 'ostial lesions']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

answer: @entity256 :: (MESH:D023903,Disease) :: ['restenosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report visual, refractive, and topographic outcomes of sequential, same-day small-incision lenticule extraction and intrastromal corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) in eyes with mild @entity9042 . SETTING: Institute of Ophthalmology Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City, Mexico. DESIGN: Prospective interventional case series. METHODS: Fifteen eyes with forme fruste @entity9042 and/or irregular corneas, corrected distance visual acuity 20/40 or better, stable refraction of at least 1 year, age 18 years or older, and residual corneal thickness of greater tan 400  m before performing collagen crosslinking were studied. @entity1 were treated with small-incision lenticule extraction followed by intrastromal injection of @entity8728 inside the pocket. Ultraviolet A light with a wavelength of 370 nm to 3 mW/cm(2) was applied for 30 minutes. Follow-up was done at 1 day, at 1 week, and at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. RESULTS: Eight @entity1 were included in the study. The mean age was 29.5 years    5.5 (SD) (range 20 to 36 years). Twenty-four months of follow-up were completed in 13 eyes, and 12 months were completed in 2 eyes. Preoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity improved from 1.6    0.3 LogMAR (Snellen 20/796) to postoperative 0.12    0.20 LogMAR (Snellen 20/26) and was statistically significant (P < .001). Best-corrected distance visual acuity did not change significantly (P = .186), from 0.006    0.02 LogMAR (Snellen 20/20) preoperatively to 0.04    0.05 LogMAR (Snellen 20/21) postoperatively, and spherical equivalent improved from -4.3    1.02 preoperatively to 0.2    0.66 (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Although further follow-up and larger samples are needed to fully confirm these findings, the results suggest that combined small-incision lenticule extraction and intrastromal corneal collagen crosslinking are a promising treatment option for @entity1 for whom conventional laser refractive surgery is contraindicated. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: Drs. Ramirez-Miranda and Navas are consultants to Carl Zeiss Meditec. No other author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

title: Combined small-incision lenticule extraction and intrastromal corneal collagen crosslinking to  treat mild XXXX : Long-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity9042 :: ('MESH:D007640', 'Disease') :: ['keratoconus']

entities_list: @entity8728 :: ('MESH:D012256', 'Chemical') :: ['riboflavin']

answer: @entity9042 :: (MESH:D007640,Disease) :: ['keratoconus']


abstract: @entity856 -modulated attenuation of transcription is involved in regulating the synthesis of @entity17450 in @entity526 . Thus, expression of two genes, pyrBI and pyrE, was shown to be under this type of control. The genes encode the two subunits of @entity492 transcarbamylase and orotate phosphoribosyltransferase respectively. The levels of these enzymes are inversely correlated with the intracellular concentration of @entity856 . Modulation of attenuation seems to be a consequence of the effect of @entity856 concentration on the mRNA chain growth rate. Reducing the @entity856 pool retards RNA polymerase movement. Mechanistically this will couple the ribosomes translating a leader peptide gene more tightly to the elongating RNA polymerase. The ribosomes will then be more prone to prevent the folding of the mRNA chains into terminating hairpin structures when RNA polymerase is at the attenuator and has to decide whether transcription should terminate or continue into the structural genes. This paper described a study of pyrBI and pyrE gene regulation in cells where the ribosomes move slowly as a result of mutation in rpsL. It appears that expression of the two genes is hyper-regulated by the @entity856 pool in this type of cells. Furthermore, the attenuator model can only account for the results if it is assumed that @entity856 -concentration-dependent pausing of transcription occurs in vivo in the two pyr gene leaders such that RNA polymerase waits for the coupled ribosomes before transcribing into the attenuator regions.

title: Hyper-regulation of pyr gene expression in XXXX cells with slow ribosomes. Evidence for RNA polymerase pausing in vivo?

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

entities_list: @entity17450 :: ('MESH:D011742', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrimidine nucleotides']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Eosinophils are the key inflammatory cells in @entity565 , and more and more evidence suggests their crucial role in exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). Eotaxin, as the most important chemotactic factor for eosinophils, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity565 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in eotaxin levels in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) following intensive exercise in allergic asthmatics. METHODS: The study was performed in a group of 27 asthmatics (17 with EIB, 13 without EIB) and 9 healthy volunteers. Changes induced by intensive exercise in the concentrations of eotaxin in EBC during the 24 h after an exercise test were assessed. The possible correlations of these measurements with the results of other tests commonly associated with @entity32 were also determined. RESULTS: In @entity748 @entity1 with EIB, a statistically significant increase in eotaxin concentrations in EBC collected during the first 24 h after an exercise test - with maximal increase after 6 h - was revealed. A statistically significant correlation between the maximum increase in eotaxin concentrations in EBC after exercise, and an increase in either serum eosinophil cationic protein or F(ENO) 24 h after exercise in the group of asthmatics with EIB, was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm connections between EIB and airway eosinophilic @entity32 . The increase of eotaxin in @entity748 airways, by promoting the migration and activation of eosinophils, may play an important role in upregulation and sustaining of the airway @entity32 observed in EIB in @entity748 @entity1 .

title: Eotaxin in exhaled breath condensate of allergic asthma XXXX with exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic airway inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The effect of @entity934 ( @entity1617 ), @entity935 (DA), and @entity1812 (BK) on vascular tone was examined in interlobular arteries and superficial afferent and efferent arterioles isolated from @entity95 kidney. A single microvessel was dissected and cannulated, and lumen diameter was measured at a fixed intraluminal pressure. @entity1617 caused a dose-dependent relaxation of @entity1063 -induced tone in all three vessel types. Significant relaxation (10-20%) was observed with 10(-8) M @entity1617 and higher concentrations caused complete relaxation. In afferent and efferent arterioles DA caused a dose-dependent relaxation that was indistinguishable from the one caused by @entity1617 . However, DA was much less effective on interlobular arteries. Significant relaxation was not observed until 10(-5) M DA, and 10(-4) M caused only a 30-40% relaxation. In afferent arterioles @entity3897 blocked the effect of @entity1617 , and @entity1769 selectively inhibited DA-induced relaxation. BK (10(-9) to 10(-5) M) caused a dose-dependent relaxation of @entity1063 -induced tone only in efferent arterioles. BK, either in the bath or lumen, had no effect on the preglomerular microvessels. @entity1617 and DA also caused relaxation of afferent arterioles with spontaneous tone while all three vasodilators relaxed efferent arterioles with spontaneous tone. The results demonstrate segmental heterogeneity for these vasodilators in the @entity95 renal microvasculature, with @entity1617 causing relaxation in all three vessel types, DA acting primarily on the glomerular arterioles, and BK affecting only the efferent arteriole.

title: Response of isolated renal arterioles to @entity934 , XXXX , and @entity1812 .

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1769 :: ('MESH:D008787', 'Chemical') :: ['metoclopramide']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity1812 :: ('MESH:D001920', 'Chemical') :: ['bradykinin']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is recommended to be performed twice to accurately assess exercise performance in stable @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) due to the presence of a learning effect. It is unknown whether a learning effect exists when the 6MWT is performed during hospitalisation for acute exacerbation of @entity1030 (AECOPD). This study investigated whether repeat 6MWTs are necessary when conducted in inpatients with AECOPD. Pooled analysis was undertaken of data from two studies (Australia and Brazil) involving 46 @entity1 (25 males, mean age 67.2 years, FEV1 43% predicted) admitted with AECOPD. Two 6MWTs, separated by >= 20 minutes, were performed on the day of discharge. Six-minute walk distance (6MWD; primary outcome), perceived dyspnoea (Borg scale), heart rate and oxyhaemoglobin saturation were recorded. 6MWD data from tests one (T1) and two (T2) were analysed via visual inspection of Bland-Altman plots. Factors associated with test improvement or decline were explored. Mean 6MWD difference between T1 and T2 was 6.2 m, however limits of agreement were wide (-92.2 m to 104.5 m). 32 (70%) @entity1 improved (by any distance) from T1 to T2 by a mean (   standard deviation) of 32 m    28 m. Of these, 14 (30%) improved by a distance > 30 m. Fourteen (30%) @entity1 recorded poorer 6MWD at T2 by a mean of 52 m    36 m. No factors were able to identify @entity1 who improved or declined upon repeat testing. When performed in @entity1 admitted to hospital with AECOPD, the 6MWT needs to be conducted twice in order to better estimate 6MWD.

title: Two 6-minute Walk Tests Are Required During Hospitalisation for Acute Exacerbation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'participants']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['COPD']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity32 ( @entity32 ) are known to increase the risk of cardiovascular (CV) and renal incidences,  especially  at higher doses and upon long term use. However, the available reports are criticized for lack of specificity, grouping of vastly different outcomes together and ignoring the heterogeneity among @entity32 . In this systematic review, we are reporting CV/renal risks associated with @entity9213 , stratified into myocardial, vascular, renal risk categories, to address the differential nature of @entity32 effects on different body systems. We are also reporting composite CV/renal risk to present overall risk associated with various covariates. METHODS: We searched  the online healthcare databases for observational studies or randomized controlled trials, reporting myocardial or all-cause mortality outcome (>90  days exposure) and/or vascular/renal outcomes (any exposure) after @entity9213 use, published until April 2014. The combined odd ratio values (OR'; 95  % CI) were calculated using the random effect inverse variance model. RESULTS: We found 19 eligible studies  out of 2,422  reports. @entity9213 demonstrated a low increase in composite risk (OR' 1.14; CI 1.04-1.25) which was mainly vascular in nature (OR' 1.35; CI 1.18-1.55] as it did not elevate myocardial (OR' 1.13; CI 0.98-1.32) or renal (OR', 0.99; CI 0.72-1.35) risks. Relative to @entity9213 , other @entity32 increased the composite risk, in a dose-dependent fashion, in the following order: @entity13586  >  @entity3352  >  @entity3522  >  @entity12698  >  @entity1623  >  @entity5018 . OR' was also influenced by type of disease and the comparator used, and @entity117 . CONCLUSION: @entity32 are heterogeneous in increasing CV/renal risks. The low increased risk associated with @entity9213 is mainly vascular in origin.

title: The effect of COX-2-selective XXXX on the myocardial, vascular and renal risks: a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['NSAIDs', 'Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs']

entities_list: @entity13586 :: ('MESH:C116926', 'Chemical') :: ['rofecoxib']

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity1623 :: ('MESH:D009288', 'Chemical') :: ['naproxen']

entities_list: @entity9213 :: ('MESH:C065757', 'Chemical') :: ['meloxicam', 'Meloxicam']

answer: @entity9213 :: (MESH:C065757,Chemical) :: ['meloxicam']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ), combination chemotherapy using @entity1487 , @entity900 , and @entity2664 (FMP) could achieve a response rate > 20%, but the beneficial effect was compromised by formidable adverse events. Chemotherapy given in a split-dose manner was associated with reduced @entity137 . In this retrospective study, we compared the efficacies and side effects between a regular and a split-dose FMP protocol approved in our medical center. METHODS: From 2005 to 2008, the clinical data of 84 @entity1 with far advanced @entity157 , who had either main @entity715 and/or extrahepatic @entity3 , were reviewed. Of them, 65 were treated by either regular (n = 27) or split-dose (n = 38) FMP and had completed at least one therapeutic course. The remaining 19 @entity1 were untreated. Clinical parameters, therapeutic responses, survivals and adverse events were compared. RESULTS: The median overall survival was 6.0, 5.2, and 1.5 months, respectively, in @entity1 receiving regular FMP, split-dose FMP, and no treatment (regular versus split-dose group, P = 0.447; regular or split-dose versus untreated group; P < 0.0001). @entity1 receiving split-dose treatment had a significantly lower risk of grade 3/4 @entity1398 (51.9 versus 10.5%, P = 0.0005). When the two treated groups were combined, the median overall survival was 10.6 and 3.8 months respectively for @entity1 achieving disease control and progressive disease (P < 0.001). Cox proportion hazard model identified @entity1 -Pugh stage B (hazard ratio [HR], 2.216; P = 0.006), presence of extrahepatic @entity3 (HR, 0.574; P = 0.048), and achievement of disease control (HR, 0.228; P < 0.001) as independent factors associated with overall survival. Logistic regression analysis revealed that @entity10745 virus antibody (odds ratio [OR], 9.219; P = 0.002) @entity5 size (OR, 0.816; P = 0.036), and previous anti- @entity5 therapy (OR, 0.195; P = 0.017) were significantly associated with successful disease control. CONCLUSIONS: Comparable overall survival was observed between @entity1 receiving regular and split-dose FMP therapies. @entity1 receiving split-dose therapy had a significantly lower risk of grade 3/4 @entity1398 . @entity10745 virus antibody, smaller @entity5 size, and absence of previous anti- @entity5 therapy were independent predictors for successful disease control.

title: Retrospective comparison between a regular and a split-dose protocol of XXXX , @entity900 , and @entity2664 for the treatment of far @entity157 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity10745 :: ('MESH:D006526', 'Disease') :: ['anti-hepatitis C', 'Positive anti-hepatitis C']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2664 :: ('MESH:D008942', 'Chemical') :: ['mitoxantrone']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'advanced hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['portal vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5- fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Current hypotheses postulate a relationship between @entity409 and freezing of gait ( @entity6556 ) in @entity191 ( @entity191 ). Hitherto, most evidence comes from entirely clinical approaches, while knowledge about this relationship on the morphological level is sparse. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the overlap of gray matter @entity194 associated with @entity6556 and @entity409 in @entity191 . We included 18 @entity191 @entity1 with @entity6556 and 20 without @entity6556 in our analysis. A voxel-based morphometry approach was used to reveal voxel clusters in the gray matter which were associated with @entity6556 and @entity409 as measured by the Frontal Assessment Battery, respectively. Conjunction analysis was applied to detect overlaps of the associated patterns. @entity6556 correlated with different cortical clusters in the frontal and parietal lobes, whereas those associated with the @entity1334 scores were, although widespread, widely confined to the frontal lobe. Conjunction analysis revealed a significant cluster of gray matter loss in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We could show that the patterns of @entity179 associated with @entity6556 and @entity409 (as measured by the @entity1334 ) share atrophic changes in the same cortical areas. However, there is also a considerable number of cortical areas where neurodegenerative changes are only unique for either sign. Particularly, the involvement of parietal lobe areas seems to be more specific for @entity6556 .

title: Do XXXX and freezing of gait in @entity191 share the same neuroanatomical correlates?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['executive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['executive dysfunction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nasal closure has been shown to effectively manage severe @entity1415 refractory to other treatments in @entity1 with @entity1884 ( @entity1884 ). The nasal closure procedure may be underutilized because of its surgical @entity7319 . METHODS: This work is a retrospective review of 13 @entity1884 @entity1 treated for severe @entity1415 with nasal closure between 2005 and 2013. Operating room (OR) time, need for revision surgery, preprocedure, and @entity1415 severity score (ESS), complete blood count values, and Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI) questionnaire results were collected for each @entity1 . The technique is described. We characterize a typical nasal closure @entity1 and compare outcomes based on our experience with the traditional 3-flap closure and a simplified 2-flap nasal closure procedure. RESULTS: The average candidate for nasal closure in this series had an ESS of 7.88, hemoglobin (Hgb) of 8.3 g/dL, and received multiple transfusions, @entity68 therapy, and cautery/coagulation procedures. Average ESS subsequent to nasal closure using the 2-flap method is 0.92 and mean GBI score is 56.3. Comparison of 5 @entity1 who underwent the traditional 3-flap nasal closure procedure and 8 @entity1 receiving the 2-flap nasal closure showed no significant difference in postoperative ESS or GBI metrics. Mean operating room times of the traditional and simplified methods were 3.12 hours and 1.44 hours (p = 0.0001). Mean time to first revision for 8 nasal closure @entity1 was 21.5 months. CONCLUSION: In short-term follow-up, the 2-flap procedure showed comparable effectiveness with significantly reduced complexity and operative time compared to the traditional nasal closure method.

title: Treatment of severe @entity1415 in XXXX using a two-flap nasal closure method.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis', 'postprocedure epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity7319 :: ('MESH:D030401', 'Disease') :: ['complexity and flap breakdown']

entities_list: @entity1884 :: ('MESH:D013683', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia', 'HHT']

answer: @entity1884 :: (MESH:D013683,Disease) :: ['hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Referral bias, in which the result of a diagnostic test affects the subsequent referral for a more definitive test, influences the accuracy of noninvasive tests for @entity453 . This study evaluates the effect of referral bias on the apparent accuracy of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). METHODS: Over a 10-year period, 14,273 @entity1 without known @entity453 underwent stress SPECT. Coronary angiography was performed within 3 months after the stress test in 1853 @entity1 (13%). The apparent sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios of SPECT were determined in these @entity1 , and then adjusted for referral bias using two different formulas. RESULTS: The overwhelming majority (95%) of @entity1 who underwent angiography had abnormal SPECT images. Apparent values for test indices were a sensitivity of 98%, a specificity of 13%, a likelihood ratio for a positive test of 1.1, and a likelihood ratio for a negative test of 0.15. Test indices adjusted for referral bias (using the two methods) were a sensitivity of 65% or 67%, a specificity of 67% or 75%, a likelihood ratio for a positive test of 2.0 or 2.7, and a likelihood ratio for a negative test of 0.44 or 0.52. CONCLUSION: Referral bias has a marked effect on the apparent accuracy of stress SPECT for the diagnosis of @entity301 . Adjustment for referral bias yields estimates for sensitivity and specificity and likelihood ratios that better reflect the accuracy of the technique.

title: Effects of adjustment for referral bias on the sensitivity and specificity of single photon emission computed tomography for the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Clear cell @entity8 (CCSK) although uncommon, is the second most frequent @entity8 of childhood. Until now, the sole recurrent genetic aberration identified in CCSKs is t(10;17)(q22;p13), which gives rise to a fusion transcript of @entity35795 and @entity40992 /E. So far, the clinical relevance of this fusion transcript is unknown. The aim of this descriptive study was to determine the clinical phenotype of t(10;17)(q22;p13) positive CCSKs. Snap-frozen tissues, @entity406 -fixed paraffin-embedded tissues or RNA previously extracted from CCSK samples throughout European, North-American and Japanese study groups were screened by RT-PCR for the @entity35795 - @entity40992 /E transcript. Clinical characteristics, @entity5 characteristics, and outcome of @entity1 with and without the fusion transcript were studied. The cohort comprised 51 previously published cases to which were added 139 internationally collected CCSK samples. RNA from 57 of these additionally collected cases was of sufficient quality to be successfully screened for the @entity35795 - @entity40992 /E transcript. In total, seven of the 108 cases harbored the fusion transcript. @entity1 with @entity5 containing the fusion transcript were relatively young (median age 10 months), had associated low median @entity5 volumes and stage I disease was not observed in these @entity1 . Two of seven @entity1 relapsed and one of seven @entity1 died of disease. Ranges of values were not overtly different between @entity1 with and without the fusion transcript; however, the number of fusion transcript positive cases turned out to be too small to permit reliable statistical analysis. The current study did not identify an explicit clinical phenotype of CCSK cases harboring the @entity35795 - @entity40992 /E fusion transcript.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: The clinical phenotype of XXXX - @entity40992 /E positive pediatric @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma of the kidney', 'renal malignancy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

answer: @entity35795 :: (7531,Gene) :: ['YWHAE']


abstract: The translocation of prepromelittin (pPM) across @entity1 endoplasmic reticulum was studied in both @entity3505 germ and reticulocyte lysate. In the @entity3505 germ system, signal recognition particle (SRP) caused a transient arrest in the synthesis of pPM. This was indicated by a slowdown in the rate of synthesis of pPM in the presence of SRP. The arrest was specific, dependent on the concentration of SRP, and more effective at early incubation time. In a tightly synchronized translation system, SRP had no apparent effect on the elongation of pPM, indicating that the effect of SRP on pPM chain synthesis might be at the final stages of chain elongation and release from the ribosome. This was reflected in a transient accumulation of pPM as peptidyl tRNA. Because pPM is composed of only 70 @entity1522 , arrest by SRP may be very close to chain termination. Arrest at this stage of chain synthesis seems to be unstable and the nascent chain gets terminated and released from the ribosome after a transient delay. The translocation of pPM was shown to be dependent on both SRP and docking protein. The difference in the translocation efficiency of pPM in reticulocyte and @entity3505 germ lysates may reflect a difference in the targeting process in the two systems.

title: Signal recognition particle causes a transient arrest in the biosynthesis of prepromelittin and mediates its translocation across XXXX endoplasmic reticulum.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['mammalian']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the association of @entity2521 with refractory arterial @entity101 . STUDY DESIGN: A total of 137 @entity1 were examined. Seventy @entity1 (mean age of 55.2        9.2 years) were included in the case group, while 67 non- @entity101 subjects (mean age of 50.0    7.2) served as a control group. Periodontal clinical examination included plaque index, @entity548 on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical @entity6730 (CAL). @entity1 with at least five sites with CAL >= 6 mm were considered as severe @entity2521 , and with at least 30% of the sites with CAL >= 4   mm generalized @entity7278 . RESULTS: The mean (  s.d.) number and percentage of sites with CAL >= 6   mm were 11 (  14) and 16.6 (  14) in the case group, and 5.7 (  9.5) and 5.8 (  9.7) in the control group (P    <   0.05). The mean (  s.d.) percentage of sites with CAL >= 4   mm was 37 (  29.6) in the case group and 21.2 (  20) in the control group (P    <   0.05). The significant associations with arterial @entity101 were severe @entity7278 (OR   =   4.04, 95% CI: 1.92; 8.49) and generalized @entity7278 (OR   =   2.18, 95% CI: 1.04; 4.56). CONCLUSIONS: Severe and generalized @entity7278 seem to play a role as risk indicators for @entity101 @entity1 .

title: Higher prevalence of @entity2521 in @entity1 with refractory arterial XXXX : a case-control study.

entities_list: @entity6730 :: ('MESH:D017622', 'Disease') :: ['attachment loss']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['chronic periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: Forty-five @entity1 who were referred for surgical resection of large @entity1586 after index colonoscopy were considered for endoscopic polypectomy. Eighteen of these @entity1 were ultimately referred for surgery. Twenty-five @entity1 with 25 large @entity1127 underwent endoscopic polypectomy; there were 9 females and 16 males with a mean age of 69 years. Among the polypectomy @entity1 , polyp size was 3.0-6.0 cm, found mostly in the left colon. There were 21 pedunculated and 4 sessile @entity1127 . Follow-up was carried out for a mean of 48 months (range, 12-171 months). Polypectomy was possible on a single attempt in 12 (48%) cases and in 13 (52%) cases by a piecemeal technique. Pathological examination revealed @entity5 in 11 (44%), @entity6523 in 11 (44%), and inflammatory, hyperplastic and harmartoma in 1 @entity1 each. Complications included @entity548 in 3 (12%) @entity1 and @entity294 and fever in 1 (4%). All complications were successfully treated conservatively without sequellae. Two @entity1 were referred for surgery, 1 with invasion of the base of the polyp and 1 because of a synchronous malignant polyp. During follow-up, 8 metachronous @entity1127 were detected. In 1 of these, a @entity189 was found and treated with endoscopic polypectomy. In conclusion, endoscopic polypectomy of large @entity1127 is safe and can defer surgical treatment. Regular follow-up is required. Endoscopic polypectomy of large @entity1127 should be considered before referral for surgical treatment.

title: Colonoscopic resection of large XXXX --a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6523 :: ('MESH:D018256', 'Disease') :: ['adenomatous polyp']

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['colonic polyps']

answer: @entity1586 :: (MESH:D003111,Disease) :: ['colonic polyps']


abstract: Fifty-eight @entity1 underwent unilateral vertebral arterial reconstructions over a 16-year period. Thirty-four underwent carotid operations as well. The first 18 @entity1 underwent vertebral arterial reconstructions in conjunction with carotid endarterectomy as mandated in the Joint Study of Extracranial @entity432 as a Cause of Stoke. The next 40 underwent vertebral procedures for either brain stem symptoms alone, or for combined cerebral cortical and stem symptoms for specific indications after @entity75 had been corrected, but symptoms failed to subside. The surgical procedure consisted of subclavian- @entity3574 except in one @entity1 who underwent a subclavian distal-vertebral bypass graft to the level of the second cervical vertebral body. @entity1163 occurred as a major symptom in 16 and was controlled by either carotid and vertebral or vertebral artery operation alone except in four who also required cardiac pacemakers and one who needed correction of @entity472 . The long-term follow-up reveals that the @entity64 rate per average year for the first 14 years of follow-up was 1.2% per @entity1 year with only five @entity64 having occurred in 410 @entity1 years of follow-up and 70% of the @entity1 having sustained no new @entity16 at the fourteenth year. Survival, however, was 45% at the fourteenth year with most @entity204 caused by @entity583 . The surgical procedure of @entity3574 is indicated when bilateral vertebral arterial flow-obstructing lesions are found in @entity1 with @entity2806 including @entity1163 and @entity1163 if @entity75 have been corrected and symptoms persist. The surgical procedure can be performed with a high degree of safety. The differential diagnosis of @entity1163 and @entity1163 in this age group should include, in @entity9085 , transient @entity943 , @entity472 , and @entity410 .

title: Cervical XXXX for @entity2806 .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsive disorders']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['brain stem ischemia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['flow-obstructing carotid lesions']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic episodes']

entities_list: @entity3574 :: ('OMIM:277300', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral angioplasty']

entities_list: @entity1163 :: ('MESH:D013575', 'Disease') :: ['drop attacks', 'syncope', 'syncopal episodes', 'Syncopal episodes']

entities_list: @entity9085 :: ('MESH:D014715', 'Disease') :: ['addition to vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['Arterial Occlusion']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

answer: @entity3574 :: (OMIM:277300,Disease) :: ['vertebral angioplasty']


abstract: 1. We have investigated, using @entity35 aortic rings, whether exogenous @entity842 (NO) gas affects the activity or expression of the inducible, @entity141 -independent NO synthase. 2. Incubation of rings with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, S. typhosa) for 6 h resulted in a gradual loss of tissue tone, a time-dependent reduction in constrictor response to @entity2647 and significant expression and activity of @entity141 -independent NO synthase. 3. Following incubation of LPS-treated rings with NO gas, the expression of @entity3623 mRNA was still observed, although the enzyme activity was significantly reduced and there was no reduction in the response to @entity2647 . 4. Therefore, NO gas can inhibit the action but not the induction of an NO synthase likely to play a role in inflammatory states such as @entity649 ( @entity649 ). 5. These observations may explain the rebound phenomenon observed in some @entity649 @entity1 following inhalation therapy with NO gas.

title: Effect of @entity842 gas on the generation of XXXX by isolated blood vessels: implications for inhalation therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'adult respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity3623 :: ('4843', 'Gene') :: ['inducible NO synthase']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact and results of treatment of @entity1860 in the general population, we conducted a population-based, nation-wide study on 3,585 @entity1860 @entity1 diagnosed between 1989 and 2012 in the Netherlands. METHODS: @entity1 demographics were obtained from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Information on age, gender, year of diagnosis, first treatment and date of @entity204 were recorded. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was adjusted for @entity204 rates in the normal population. RESULTS: Incidence in males decreased slightly from 1.2 per 100.000 @entity1 years (PY) in 1989-2000 to 0.9 in 2001-2012. For females, incidence remained stable with 0.7 per 100.000 PY in both periods. Incidence was age dependent and highest in males in the last decades of life. Treatment before 2000 mainly consisted of chemotherapy, while after 2007 TKI use was 88%. Five-year relative survival was only 36% before the introduction of TKIs but significantly increased to79% after the introduction of TKI. CONCLUSIONS: This study gives insight in @entity1860 incidence, treatment and survival in routine care in the Netherlands. Although @entity1349 improved since the introduction of TKIs, there is still room for further improvement. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: @entity1860 in The Netherlands: a Population-Based Study on Incidence, Treatment and Survival in 3,585 XXXX from 1989-2012.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient', 'person']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'Overall survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of @entity25731 polymorphism of the b3-adrenergic receptor gene (b-3AR) with childhood @entity28 and related pathologies. METHODS: b-3AR gene @entity25731 genotyping was carried out in 251 @entity1 aged 6-18 years. Of these subjects, 130 were @entity28 (62 @entity1 ) and 121 were normal-weight (53 @entity1 ). In the @entity28 group, fasting lipids, @entity413 and @entity2690 levels were measured. Oral @entity413 tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in 75 of the @entity28 @entity1 . RESULTS: The frequency of @entity25731 genotype was similar in @entity28 and @entity28 @entity1 . In @entity28 @entity1 , relative body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, serum lipid, @entity413 and @entity2690 levels, as well as homeostasis model assessment of @entity2690 resistance (HOMA-IR) scores were not different between @entity534 allele carriers ( @entity25731 and @entity71288 ) and noncarriers ( @entity71289 ). In 75 @entity28 @entity1 , OGTT results showed that @entity534 allele carriers had significantly higher 30-minute @entity413 levels (p=0.027). CONCLUSION: @entity25731 polymorphism of the b-3AR gene is not associated with @entity28 and waist-to-hip ratio in Turkish @entity1 . Although there were no relationships between the genotypes and lipid, @entity413 / @entity2690 levels or HOMA-IR, the presence of @entity25731 variant seemed to have an unfavorable influence on early @entity413 excursion after @entity413 loading.

title: b-3AR @entity25731 Polymorphism and 30-Minute Post-Challenge Plasma @entity413 Levels in Obese XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity71289 :: ('p|SUB|W|64|W', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['W64W']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['non-obese', 'obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity25731 :: ('p|SUB|W|64|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['W64R']

entities_list: @entity71288 :: ('p|SUB|R|64|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['R64R']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate demographics, characteristics, and outcomes of @entity542 (OGIs) in @entity64 (MVAs). METHODS: Retrospective chart review of @entity1 with OGIs related to MVAs that presented to University Hospital, Newark, from 2000 to 2012. RESULTS: Twenty-five @entity1 were identified; the average age of the @entity1 was 33.3 years old (range, 5-75). The majority of @entity1 (64 %) were males. The 25 vehicles comprised 24 automobiles and one motorcycle. Ten @entity1 (40 %) wore seatbelts, and five (20 %) did not wear seatbelts. The seatbelt status was not documented in the remaining cases. Ethanol was documented as a contributing factor in five of the accidents. In terms of open-globe classification, 15 OGIs (60 %) were ruptures, and five (20 %) were penetrating injuries; three (12 %) had intraocular foreign bodies. Ten eyes (40 %) had a final VA of 20/400 or worse. Fourteen eyes (56 %) achieved a final VA of 20/200 or better; seven eyes (28 %) achieved a final VA of 20/40 or better. CONCLUSION: Fifty-six percent of eyes with an open-globe injury related to MVAs achieved a final VA of 20/200 or better in this series. No eyes developed endophthalmitis.

title: @entity542 with XXXX : a 12-year review.

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['motor vehicle accidents']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['open-globe injuries']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['motor vehicle accidents']


abstract: Somatosensory and auditory evoked cortical potentials (SEP's and AEP's), regional cerebral blood flow, regional brain water content, and alteration of the blood-brain barrier were investigated in 3 cortical areas during permanent and 1- and 2-hour transient @entity432 of the left middle cerebral artery and after restoration of blood flow in @entity468 . During @entity432 , blood flow in the auditory cortex was severely suppressed. In the fore limb projection area of the somatosensory cortex, blood flow was moderately reduced while it was nearly unaffected in the hind limb projection area. Despite different degrees of @entity63 in the 3 cortical areas, all evoked responses were completely abolished within 10 minutes after @entity432 . During @entity432 , the pattern of blood flow reduction persisted, and all evoked potentials stayed abolished. Recirculation after @entity432 restored blood flow rapidly. AEP's recovered poorly after both 1 and 2 hours of @entity63 . SEP's regained normal amplitudes soon after recirculation in the group with 1-hour @entity432 . After 2 hours of @entity63 , the recovery of SEP's was variable but better than that of the AEP's. Remarkable water accumulation was observed in the auditory cortex of all 3 groups and was accompanied in the 2-hour @entity63 group by a disruption of the blood-brain barrier. In the 2-hour group, water accumulation was also found in the subcortical white matter radiation, whereas significant changes in regional water content were not observed in the somatosensory areas. The present study indicates that abolition of SEP's during @entity2500 in @entity468 is caused by lesions in the afferent pathway leading to cortical deafferentation rather than by cortical @entity63 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Experimental focal XXXX in @entity468 : changes in multimodality evoked potentials as related to local cerebral blood flow and ischemic brain edema.

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['permanent occlusion', 'occlusion']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: Chin tuck has been has been widely used to prevent @entity1173 in the @entity1 with @entity1282 . This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness and the degree of optimal neck flexion of chin tuck. Ninety-seven @entity1 who showed @entity1173 in the videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS). @entity1 were grouped into the effective ( @entity1 who showed effect with chin tuck) and ineffective group (those who did not show effect with chin tuck). VFSS was performed in neutral and chin tuck position and findings were compared between the groups. Severity of @entity1173 was assessed by the point penetration- @entity1173 scale. Duration of @entity1109 , history of tracheostomy, and other possible contributing factors were also compared. Neck flexion angle was measured to find appropriate posture in which @entity1173 was prevented with chin tuck. Aspiration was reduced or eliminated in only 19 @entity1 (19.6  %) with chin tuck. Oral transit time, pharyngeal delayed time and pharyngeal transit time were significantly shortened in both groups (p  <  0.05), but the difference between the groups was not significant. Female sex and absence of residue in pyriform sinus favored the effect of chin tuck (p  <  0.05). At least 17.5   of neck flexion was required to achieve an effect with chin tuck. The effectiveness of chin tuck was less than anticipated. @entity1 without residue in pyriform sinus were more likely to benefit from chin tuck. Sufficient neck flexion was important in chin tuck to prevent @entity1173 .

title: Chin tuck for prevention of XXXX : effectiveness and appropriate posture.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration']

answer: @entity1173 :: (MESH:D053120,Disease) :: ['aspiration']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity943 are associated to @entity1031 and anticoagulant treatment is installed according to risk profile. This study aimed to assess the rate of @entity715 events and major bleedings in adults with @entity299 ( @entity299 ) and @entity943 , as well as to determine the predictive value of specific clinical features and two risk scores for @entity1031 and @entity548 . METHODS AND RESULTS: In this retrospective study, a total of 229 adult @entity299 @entity1 with @entity943 , were included. Incidence and risk factors of @entity1031 were assessed in @entity1 without a mechanical valve (n=191), whereas @entity548 incidence and risk factors were studied in @entity1 receiving @entity2067 antagonists (n=164). In 13 @entity1 without a mechanical valve @entity715 events occurred, the first @entity715 event rate per year being 1.4%. A total of 29 @entity1 on @entity2067 antagonists suffered from major bleedings, at an annual first event rate of 4.4%. CHA2DS2-VASc score and HAS-BLED score predicted @entity1031 and @entity548 risk best in a dichotomized form. At a cut-off of >= 2 for high risk the rate of @entity715 events was 3.0% per year compared to 0.7% for a score of <2 (HR 3.7; 95%-CI 1.2-11.5; p=0.021). A major @entity548 rate of 10.8% per year was found in @entity1 on @entity2067 antagonists for HAS-BLED>= 2 as opposed to 3.5% with a score of <2 (HR 2.6; 95%-CI: 1.1-6.6; 0.017). CONCLUSION: In adult @entity299 @entity1 , @entity715 events and major bleedings are important complications of @entity943 and anticoagulant treatment. Assessment of @entity1031 and @entity548 risk in this @entity1 group can be performed with dichotomized CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores respectively.

title: Weighing the risks: @entity715 and XXXX events in adults with @entity943 and @entity299 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism', 'thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial arrhythmias', 'atrial arrhythmias']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['bleeding']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3969 gene single nucleotide polymorphism ( @entity8587 SNP) @entity73166 has been described as a favorable risk marker in @entity1 with @entity3052 . Subsequent studies revealed inconsistent results in both adult and pediatric @entity1 . We analyzed its impact on clinical outcome in @entity1 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ) for the first time. METHODS: @entity8587 SNP @entity73166 of 158 @entity1 with @entity981 treated according to @entity981  nster treatment trials from 1990 to 2009 and 43 hematopoietic stem cell donors was analyzed by allelic discrimination. @entity8587 SNP status was correlated with disease characteristics and clinical outcome comparing SNP ( @entity8587 (GG/AG)) and wildtype ( @entity8587 (AA)). RESULTS: At least one minor allele was found in 23.4  % of @entity1 and 34.9  % of donors (P  =  0.07). Distribution of @entity1 and disease  characteristics was similar between @entity8587 (GG/AG) and @entity8587 (AA). In multivariate analyses, @entity8587 SNP was an independent good prognostic marker for cumulative incidence of relapse ( @entity5434 @entity8587 (AA) vs. @entity8587 (GG/AG) HR  =  3.384, P  =  0.021) and event-free survival (EFS; event risk @entity8587 (AA) vs. @entity8587 (GG/AG) HR  =  2.503, P  =  0.036). Univariate subanalyses of @entity1 who underwent an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation revealed more significant differences in @entity5434 (P  =  0.017), EFS (P  =  0.012), and overall survival (OS; P  =  0.017). Donor's @entity8587 SNP status did not affect outcome. We found no correlation between @entity8587 SNP and @entity8587 expression level at diagnosis (P  =  0.634). CONCLUSION: @entity8587 SNP @entity73166 predicts improved @entity5434 and EFS. Outcome differences were more prominent in transplanted @entity1 . Our findings identify @entity8587 SNP @entity73166 as a favorable risk marker in @entity981 which is independent from known risk factors.

title: @entity3969 gene single nucleotide polymorphism @entity73166 predicts a favorable outcome in XXXX with @entity981 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL Berlin-Frankfurt-M', 'pediatric ALL', 'ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity3969 :: ('MESH:D009396', 'Disease') :: ['Wilms tumor']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The purpose of this study was to clarify changes in the graft hemodynamics induced by @entity455 in living related liver transplantation. METHODS: This study included 46 pediatric recipients who underwent partial liver transplantation from living related donors. The blood flow was evaluated in the portal system, the hepatic artery and the hepatic vein with serial intra- and post-operative Doppler ultrasound (US). RESULTS: In 12 @entity1 , intraoperative Doppler US showed a decrease in portal venous inflow (< 9 ml.min-1.kg-1) toward the liver graft and could act as a guide for ligation of collaterals in seven @entity1 , portal re-construction in two, thrombectomy in one and relief of @entity3181 in two for increasing the portal venous inflow. In five @entity1 , intraoperative Doppler US showed poor arterial inflow, i.e. dampened arterial waveforms which involved both low pulsatility index (< 0.90) and low peak-systolic velocity (< 31 cm/s). In three of them, the waveform was more pulsatile after re- @entity254 or relief from stretching of the hepatic artery. The remaining two @entity1 developed @entity715 . Most of the @entity3181 (four of five @entity1 ) had flat waveforms, low flow velocity (< 10 cm/s) of the hepatic vein, and poor portal inflow (flow velocity < 14 cm/s). Postoperative Doppler US showed @entity3181 in three @entity1 , @entity715 in three (twice in one @entity1 ), @entity6315 in two and portal vein @entity715 in one. These complications were successfully managed with surgical procedures in three @entity1 , transhepatic angioplasty in three and conservative treatments in four. Six @entity1 died of @entity455 . CONCLUSIONS: Serial intra- and post-operative Doppler US was a useful technique for making an early diagnosis of abnormal hemodynamics of the graft circulation. Furthermore, intraoperative Doppler US could assess reconstructed vessels objectively and would reduce the incidence of @entity455 following transplantation.

title: XXXX in living related liver transplantation detected with intraoperative and postoperative Doppler US.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular complications', 'non-vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity3181 :: ('MESH:D006502', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic venous outflow obstruction']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'hepatic artery thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity6315 :: ('MESH:C563407', 'Disease') :: ['portal vein stenosis']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['Vascular complications']


abstract: @entity4617 , benign or malignant, are rare and most are benign. The most common @entity5 is the @entity299 . @entity4617 are @entity242 . The pericardium can be the site of benign and malignant @entity4617 , though @entity3 occur here far more commonly than do @entity5 . Successful treatment for @entity4617 is usually achieved by surgical resection. Surgery for primary @entity5 is, however, much less successful as complete resection is usually not possible. Primary @entity299 may be successfully treated by chemotherapy. Tumors that metastasize to the heart from other organs occur 100- to 1000-fold more commonly than primary @entity4617 . Metastatic spread to the heart has been identified in approximately one-fifth of all @entity1 who have @entity5 with @entity2 being the most common @entity5 . Symptoms of cardiac @entity3 vary, and they depend on the site and extent of the lesions. Treatment varies depending on the pathology of the @entity5 . However, the aim of treatment is usually symptomatic relief. With the advent of @entity791 , @entity2826 and high grade B cell lymphomas have also been identified in cardiac tissue. The aim of this article is to review the epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathology and treatment of @entity4617 .

title: XXXX of the heart: epidemiology and management of @entity5 and @entity3 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2826 :: ('MESH:D012514', 'Disease') :: ["Kaposi's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['usually sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumors', 'benign tumor', 'malignant tumors', 'metastatic cancer', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4617 :: ('MESH:D006338', 'Disease') :: ['Malignant cardiac tumors', 'Cardiac tumors', 'cardiac tumors', 'benign cardiac tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac myxoma', 'cardiac lymphoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Expression of the @entity6824 ( @entity6824 ) gene is elevated in most @entity2967 . This observation has led to the discovery and clinical development of therapy targeting the @entity6823 ( @entity6823 ). METHODS: Using x-ray co-crystallography to guide our drug-discovery research, we generated a potent, selective @entity6823 inhibitor, @entity6827 , that traps the kinase in the autoinhibited conformation. We then conducted a multicenter, phase 1 trial in two parts to analyze this compound. In the first part, we evaluated escalations in the dose of @entity6827 that was administered orally in @entity1 with solid @entity5 (dose-escalation study). In the second part, we evaluated @entity6827 at the chosen phase 2 dose in an extension cohort of @entity1 with @entity2967 (extension study). Pharmacokinetic and @entity5 responses in the enrolled @entity1 were assessed, and @entity6824 in situ hybridization was performed to confirm the mechanism of action of @entity6827 and that the pattern of @entity6824 expression was consistent with the pathological features of @entity2967 . RESULTS: A total of 41 @entity1 were enrolled in the dose-escalation study, and an additional 23 @entity1 were enrolled in the extension study. The chosen phase 2 dose of @entity6827 was 1000 mg per day. In the extension study, 12 @entity1 with @entity2967 had a partial response and 7 @entity1 had stable disease. Responses usually occurred within the first 4 months of treatment, and the median duration of response exceeded 8 months. The most common adverse events included fatigue, change in hair color, @entity390 , @entity2342 , and periorbital @entity4 ; adverse events rarely led to discontinuation of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of @entity2967 with @entity6827 resulted in a prolonged regression in @entity5 volume in most @entity1 . (Funded by Plexxikon; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01004861.).

title: Structure-Guided Blockade of XXXX Kinase in @entity2967 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2967 :: ('MESH:D005870', 'Disease') :: ['tenosynovial giant-cell tumors', 'tenosynovial giant-cell tumor']

entities_list: @entity6824 :: ('1435', 'Gene') :: ['CSF1', 'colony-stimulating factor 1']

entities_list: @entity2342 :: ('MESH:D004408', 'Disease') :: ['dysgeusia']

answer: @entity6823 :: (1436,Gene) :: ['CSF1R']


abstract: Formation of the @entity3303 metabolite @entity17542 ( @entity17542 ) by hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes is a new method for evaluating liver function. The purpose of this study was to compare @entity17542 formation with other liver function parameters in surgical intensive care unit @entity1 . The study include 29 @entity3124 @entity1 who had been admitted to the unit for more than 3 days with a median APACHE III score-predicted mortality > 30%. On day 4, @entity3303 was given intravenously at a dose of 1 mg.kg-1 over 2 min and @entity17542 formation was measured 15 min later. Eighty-nine percent of the @entity1 had @entity17542 values below 90 micrograms.l-1 indicating @entity409 . Eleven @entity1 died, 18 @entity1 survived. The group of @entity1 with fatal outcome had significantly lower @entity17542 values (median: 23 micrograms.l-1) than the group of survivors (median: 53 micrograms.l-1, p < 0.01). Bilirubin values were elevated in the non-survivor group (median: 2.8 mg.dl-1) compared to the survivors (median: 0.9 mg.dl-1, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between two groups in the other liver function tests. We conclude from our results that the @entity17542 test can be considered an indicator for @entity409 and predictor of survival in @entity3124 @entity1 .

title: @entity3303 metabolite formation: an indicator for XXXX and predictor of survival in surgical intensive care @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic dysfunction', 'impaired liver function']

entities_list: @entity17542 :: ('MESH:C001173', 'Chemical') :: ['MEGX', 'monoethyl-glycine-xylidide']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lignocaine']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['liver dysfunction']


abstract: PURPOSE: To develop and evaluate a questionnaire for diagnosis and follow-up of @entity1 with symptoms suggestive of eye surface pathology. To evaluate the efficacy of @entity936 treatment. METHODS: Samples were chosen among @entity936 @entity1 (n=44). A control group was chosen among the healthy population. The questionnaire was filled in at the beginning and end of the treatment with @entity16313 + @entity4832 (Siccafluid, @entity70949 , Spain) four times a day. Initial and final punctuation was established and confronted with other classic diagnostic tests; @entity941 tear break up time, Schirmer test and Rose Bengal staining. RESULTS: Red eyes, lid @entity32 , discharge, @entity936 , sandy and foreign body sensations, burning, itching, discomfort, pricking, tearing and @entity3917 got significantly better after treatment (p<0.05). Lid reddening, lid @entity32 , flakes in lashes, sticky eyes in the morning, @entity227 and heavy sensation didn't improve (p>0.05). Total punctuation was significantly reduced at one month of treatment (p<0.01). Validation of the test was done against other standard tests (Schirmer test and Rose Bengal). We found a sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 71.5% for Schirmer test and a sensibility of 77% and specificity of 65% if gold standard was Rose Bengal. Predictive value (positive and negative), global value of the test and likelihood ratios were also assessed. CONCLUSION: This questionnaire is useful for diagnosis and follow-up of @entity1 with @entity936 and other ocular surface symptoms. @entity16313 + @entity4832 is useful for the treatment of @entity1 with secretor tear insufficiency.

title: [Validation of a questionnaire for the diagnosis of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['teary eyes, transitory blurring vision']

entities_list: @entity16313 :: ('MESH:C006912', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbopol', 'carbopol']

entities_list: @entity4832 :: ('MESH:D011142', 'Chemical') :: ['polyvinyl alcohol']

entities_list: @entity936 :: ('MESH:D015352', 'Disease') :: ['dry eye', 'dry eyes']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity3917 :: ('MESH:D020795', 'Disease') :: ['photophobia']

answer: @entity936 :: (MESH:D015352,Disease) :: ['dry eye']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity472 may be related to @entity453 in @entity1 with tricuspid aortic valve, while aortic dilatation often is present in @entity1 with @entity4503 . We sought to define associations among @entity472 , @entity453 , and @entity2334 in @entity1 with tricuspid or @entity4503 undergoing surgery for @entity472 in a large referral medical center. METHODS: Two hundred seventy @entity1 with severe @entity472 (tricuspid 175, bicuspid 95) undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) were studied. RESULTS: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery plus AVR was required more often in tricuspid compared to @entity4503 [62.2% versus 26.3%; p<0.0001; odds ratio 4.5, confidence interval (CI) 2.5-8.3]. The incidence of @entity453 requiring CABG in @entity4503 (26.3%) was greater than that expected in the general population for similar age. Thoracic aorta surgery due to @entity449 plus AVR was performed more often in bicuspid compared to tricuspid aortic valve (27.3% versus 3.4%; p<0.0001; odds ratio 7.7, CI 3.0-22.1). The incidence of ascending @entity439 requiring surgery, however, was not more common in tricuspid aortic valve (3.4%) to that expected in the general population for similar age. CONCLUSION: Incidence of @entity453 is high in @entity1 with @entity472 , both in those with tricuspid and @entity4503 . Incidence of ascending @entity449 is high in @entity1 with bicuspid, but not those with tricuspid aortic valve. These findings should be taken into consideration in the evaluation and management of @entity1 with the @entity472 complex.

title: The XXXX complex: aortic valve, atherosclerosis, aortopathy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4503 :: ('MESH:C562388', 'Disease') :: ['bicuspid aortic valve']

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity2334 :: ('MESH:D017545', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aorta aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic stenosis', 'aortic stenosis']

answer: @entity472 :: (MESH:D001024,Disease) :: ['aortic stenosis']


abstract: Differences in the onset of puberty were assessed in male @entity5872 from a @entity35628 ( @entity35628 , control) line and two lines that had been genetically selected for reduced (low stress, @entity8433 ) or exaggerated (high stress, HS) plasma @entity2819 response to brief mechanical restraint. At 42 d of age, cloacal gland area (CAREA) and volume (CVOL), proportion of individuals that produced cloacal gland foam (PICF), and intensity of cloacal gland foam production (CFP) were examined in 60 representatives from each of these quail lines. CFP was quantified by subjective scaling of the amount of foam ejected upon manual expression (squeezing) of the foam gland, using a scale of 1 (no foam expressed) to 5 (maximum amount of foam expression). Mean CAREA and CVOL were similar in quail of the @entity35628 and HS lines, but these measures were greater (P < 0.01) in the @entity8433 quail. In addition, more (P < 0.05) @entity8433 than HS birds expressed foam at 42 d, whereas @entity35628 quail exhibited an intermediate PICF response that was not different from either selected line. CFP results mimicked those found for PICF (i.e., @entity8433 quail produced a greater (P < 0.05) amount of foam than HS birds, whereas @entity35628 quail showed intermediate production that was not different from @entity8433 or HS levels). In prepubertal and pubertal @entity5872 , cloacal gland @entity1184 is @entity342 -dependent and highly positively correlated with testes size as well as sexual activity. Cloacal gland foam production is also considered a reliable indicator of testicular size and activity. Thus, we conclude that selection for reduced adrenocortical responsiveness in Coturnix is associated with acceleration in the onset of puberty in males. The potential interaction between adrenocortical and testicular activity as it relates to male reproductive performance is discussed.

title: Selection of XXXX for reduced adrenocortical responsiveness accelerates puberty in males.

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity5872 :: ('93934', 'Species') :: ['Japanese quail']

answer: @entity5872 :: (93934,Species) :: ['Japanese quail']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Botulinum toxin (BT) injection reduces lower esophageal sphincter pressure and alleviates symptoms in idiopathic @entity1318 (IA). @entity21780 (EO) has also been introduced for the treatment of IA. We compared the long-term efficacy of BT and EO injections in the treatment of IA. METHODS: A total of 189 IA @entity1 were evaluated prospectively, of whom 21 were unwilling to undergo or were poor candidates for @entity384 and Heller myotomy and were enrolled in the study. Eleven @entity1 were treated by BT, and 10 by EO injections. @entity1 were followed up by @entity1318 symptom score (ASS), timed barium esophagogram (TBE), and high-resolution manometry at baseline and post-treatment. A good initial response was defined as a decrease in ASS to 4 or less, and a reduction in barium column height and volume in TBE by >50%. RESULTS: All 10 EO group @entity1 and 10 of 11 BT group @entity1 showed a good initial response. Four EO group relapsers and 6 BT group relapsers were managed effectively by re-injections. Mean duration of follow up was 27.38 months. On completion of the study, a sustained good response was seen in 9 and 6 @entity1 in EO and BT groups, respectively (P=0.149). CONCLUSION: This study revealed that BT and EO have comparable efficacy in the treatment of IA. However, the cost of EO is about 2 times lower than BT.

title: Ethanolamine oleate versus botulinum toxin in the treatment of idiopathic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1318 :: ('MESH:D004931', 'Disease') :: ['achalasia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['pneumatic balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity21780 :: ('MESH:C033343', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethanolamine oleate']

answer: @entity1318 :: (MESH:D004931,Disease) :: ['achalasia']


abstract: @entity32 is a crucial part of innate immune responses but, if imbalanced, can lead to serious clinical conditions or even death. Cytokines regulate @entity32 , and studies report their impact on clinical outcome. However, host and pathogen genetic backgrounds influence cytokine production, making it difficult to evaluate which inflammatory profiles (if any) relate to improved prognosis.Streptococcus pneumoniaeis a common @entity1 pathogen associated with asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage. Infrequently, it can lead to a wide range of diseases with high morbidity and mortality rates. Studies show that both pneumococcal serotype and host genetic background affect the development of disease and contribute to variation in inflammatory responses. In this study, we investigated the impact of the host and pneumococcal genetic backgrounds on pulmonary cytokine responses and their relationship to animal survival. Two inbred @entity19 strains, BALB/c and CBA/ @entity9495 , were infected with 10 pneumococcal strains, and the concentrations of six pulmonary cytokines were measured at 6 h and 24 h postinfection. Collected data were analyzed by principal-component analysis to identify whether there is any pattern in the observed cytokine variation. Our results show that host-pneumococcus combination was at the core of observed variation in cytokine responses, yet the resulting cytokine profile discriminated only between survivors and fatalities but not @entity19 or pneumococcal strains used during infection. Therefore, our results indicate that although alternative inflammatory profiles are generated during @entity7706 , a common pattern emerged, which determined the clinical outcome of @entity7706 .

title: Variation in Inflammatory Response during XXXX Is Influenced by Host-Pathogen Interactions but Associated with Animal Survival.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity7706 :: ('MESH:D011008', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal infection', 'pneumococcal infections']

answer: @entity7706 :: (MESH:D011008,Disease) :: ['Pneumococcal Infection']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the safety, feasibility, and effectiveness of reducing sitting time in @entity64 survivors. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial with attention-matched controls and blinded assessments. SETTING: Community. @entity1 : @entity64 survivors (N=35; 22 @entity1 ; mean age, 66.9  12.7y). INTERVENTIONS: Four counseling sessions over 7 weeks with a message of sit less and move more (intervention group) or @entity460 for bone health (attention-matched control group). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Measures included safety (adverse events, increases in @entity158 , @entity508 , or fatigue) and feasibility (adherence to trial protocol). Secondary measures included time spent sitting (including in prolonged bouts >= 30min), standing, and stepping as measured by the thigh-worn inclinometer (7d, 24h/d protocol) and time spent in physical activity of at least moderate intensity as measured by a triaxial accelerometer. The Multimedia Activity Recall for @entity1 and Adults was used to describe changes in use of time. RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity1 completed the full protocol. Four @entity1 reported falls during the intervention period with no other adverse events. From a baseline average of 640.7  99.6min/d, daily sitting time reduced on average by 30  50.6min/d (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.8-54.6) in the intervention group and 40.4  92.5min/d in the control group (95% CI, 13.0-93.8). @entity1 in both groups also reduced their time spent in prolonged sitting bouts (>= 30min) and increased time spent standing and stepping. CONCLUSIONS: Our protocol was both safe and feasible. @entity1 in both groups spent less time sitting and more time standing and stepping postintervention, but outcomes were not superior for intervention @entity1 . Attention matching is desirable in clinical trials and may have contributed to the positive outcomes for control @entity1 .

title: Reducing Sitting Time After XXXX : A Phase II Safety and Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Children', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: Host responses to immune stimulation, including antigenic stimulation and @entity32 , have been described to involve the central neurotransmission, the @entity2339 , and the immune system. After antigenic stimulation, it has been hypothesized that the @entity2339 is involved in a feedback mechanism which limits lymphocyte expansion linked to the immune response. However, such a stimulation of the @entity2339 after immunization is not consistently reported in the literature. In the present experiments, we looked for a possible activation of the @entity2339 , as well as for the involvement of the sympathetic nervous system during primary and secondary antibody synthesis and cellular immunity. C3H female @entity19 were immunized with low or high doses of @entity742 red blood cells which induced @entity56 ( @entity56 ) or antibody synthesis, respectively. Plasma @entity2819 levels remained in normal ranges whether the animals developed primary or secondary humoral response or @entity56 . Splenic @entity1063 (NE) levels were unchanged during cellular immunity. During primary and secondary antibody responses splenic NE levels decreased, but no difference appeared between immunized animals and controls when the splenic NE content was expressed in milligrams per spleen because of a spleen enlargement in immunized animals. From these results, it can be concluded that immune responses, antibody synthesis and cellular immunity, in opposition to @entity32 , may be induced without any detectable stimulation of the @entity2339 or modification of the NE input in the spleen.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: No change in plasma @entity2819 and splenic @entity1063 during humoral and cellular immune responses to @entity742 erythrocytes in C3H XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis', 'HPA axis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['DTH', 'delayed-type hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the possible relationship between smoking and @entity14696 in smokers, non-smokers and ex-smokers. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between March 01st, 2014 and March 31st, 2014, a total of 1,840 @entity1 (823 males, 1,017 females) over 25 years of age who were admitted to the ear nose, and throat (ENT) outpatient clinic were included in the study. The @entity1 who were smoking at least 10 cigarettes daily for at least five years were included in the smokers group (n=514). The @entity1 who did not smoke for at least one year following at least five years of smoking were included in the ex-smokers group (n=268). The @entity1 who never smoked were included in the non-smokers group (n=1,058). A form containing all ENT symptoms was given to all @entity1 and the @entity1 were asked to fill the form with their complaints following being informed by the same doctor. RESULTS: Cough, @entity1353 , reflux, dryness of throat, irritation, @entity1702 , bad breath, toothache, nasal congestion, @entity4838 , snoring, and nasal discharge were found to be significantly higher in the smokers group, compared to the non-smokers group. Cough, sputum, hoarseness, @entity1282 , reflux, sore throat, dryness of throat, irritation, stinging, oral aphthae, @entity1702 , toothache, @entity548 gums, and bad breath were significantly lower in the ex-smokers group. Nasal congestion, nosebleeds, sneezing, nasal discharge, @entity4838 , @entity10 , feeling of facial @entity27915 , @entity2169 , @entity393 , @entity158 , @entity27915 , @entity1296 , and @entity392 were statistically significantly lower in the ex-smokers group. CONCLUSION: Our study results show that smoking causes symptoms particularly associated with upper respiratory tract and these symptoms may persist in ex-smokers.

title: Relationship between smoking and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['shortness of breath']

entities_list: @entity1702 :: ('MESH:D013651', 'Disease') :: ['taste disorder']

entities_list: @entity14696 :: ('MESH:D010038', 'Disease') :: ['otorhinolaryngological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity4838 :: ('MESH:D000857', 'Disease') :: ['smell disorders']

entities_list: @entity2169 :: ('MESH:D004427', 'Disease') :: ['ear discharge']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity14696 :: (MESH:D010038,Disease) :: ['otorhinolaryngological symptoms']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to develop and validate a method for the integrated analysis of systolic and diastolic ventricular function. BACKGROUND: An integrated approach to assess ventricular pump function, myocontractility (end-systolic pressure-volume relationship [ESPVR]), and diastolic compliance (end-diastolic pressure-volume relation [EDPVR]) is of high clinical value. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is well established for measuring global pump function, and catheterization-combined CMR was previously shown to accurately measure ESPVR, but not yet the EDPVR. METHODS: In 8 @entity1707 , the CMR technique was compared with conductance catheter methods (gold standard) for measuring the EDPVR in the left and right ventricle. Measurements were performed at rest and during @entity452 administration. For CMR, the ESPVR was estimated with a single-beat approach by synchronizing invasive ventricular pressures with cine CMR-derived ventricular volumes. The EDPVR was determined during pre-load reduction from additional volume data that were obtained from real-time velocity-encoded CMR pulmonary/aortic blood flow measurements. Pre-load reduction was achieved by @entity432 . The @entity2693 coefficient beta was calculated by an exponential fit from the EDPVR. After validation in the animal experiments, the EDPVR was assessed in a pilot study of 3 @entity1 with a single ventricle using identical CMR and conductance catheter techniques. RESULTS: Bland-Altman tests showed good agreement between conductance catheter-derived and CMR-derived EDPVR. In both ventricles of the @entity1707 , @entity452 enhanced myocontractility (p < 0.01), increased @entity64 volume (p < 0.01), and improved diastolic function. The latter was evidenced by shorter early relaxation (p < 0.05), a downward shift of the EDPVR, and a decreased @entity2693 coefficient beta (p < 0.05). In contrast, in the @entity1 , early relaxation was inconspicuous but the EDPVR shifted left-upward and the @entity2693 constant remained unchanged. The observed changes in diastolic function were not significantly different when measured with conductance catheter and CMR. CONCLUSIONS: This novel CMR method provides differential information about diastolic function in conjunction with parameters of systolic contractility and global pump function.

title: Integrated assessment of diastolic and systolic ventricular function using diagnostic cardiac magnetic resonance catheterization: validation in XXXX and application in a clinical pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['transient balloon occlusion of the inferior vena cava']

entities_list: @entity2693 :: ('MESH:C566112', 'Disease') :: ['stiffness']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aims. We examined the prognostic impact of eight different @entity18893 ( @entity18893 ) in the standard electrocardiogram (ECG) in a community cohort. Methods and results. Data were collected from 6299 Finnish individuals. During a mean 8.2 years (interquartile range 8.1 to 8.3) of follow-up 640 subjects died (10.2%); 277 (4.4%) were @entity65 . For both sexes, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was higher in subjects with @entity18893 than in those without. In Cox regression analysis after adjustment for age and gender, the hazard ratio for cardiovascular mortality for non-specific @entity18893 was 4.25 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.95-9.26, P < 0.0001) and for @entity714 ( @entity714 ) 2.11 (95% CI 1.31-3.41, P = 0.002). @entity714 ( @entity714 ) was not related to additional mortality, while incomplete @entity714 (IRBBB) presented a hazard ratio of 2.24 (95% CI 1.064-4.77, P = 0.036). Conclusions. In the general population, non-specific @entity18893 , @entity714 , and IRBBB were associated with increased relative risk for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. @entity714 did not have an impact on cardiovascular mortality either in subjects with or without previous @entity299 .

title: Prognostic implications of XXXX in a general population: The Health 2000 Survey.

entities_list: @entity18893 :: ('MESH:C535853', 'Disease') :: ['IVCD', 'intraventricular conduction delays']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular deaths']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['RBBB', 'left bundle branch block', 'Right bundle branch block', 'LBBB']

answer: @entity18893 :: (MESH:C535853,Disease) :: ['intraventricular conduction delays']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity715 are a group of prevalent and life-threatening diseases. Selective inhibition of pathological @entity715 holds the key to treat variety of @entity715 . The pathological @entity715 can be induced by either tissue @entity39 and deregulated @entity32 . @entity518 , as an important proinflammatory cytokine and a late mediator, also involves on @entity715 disease. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. METHODS: Immunofluorescence, ELISA assay, Platelet Aggregation, Thromboelastogram (TEG) analyzes. Flow cytometric analysis and Western blot analysis were used to investigated the role of @entity518 in @entity1423 and obtained following observations. RESULTS: By doing so, we obtained the following observations: i) Highly purified @entity518 recombinant protein induces @entity1423 and secretion in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of serum. ii) Low concentration of extracellular @entity518 could synergistically promote subthreshold concentration of collagen or @entity556 induced @entity1423 . iii) Extracellular @entity518 promoted @entity1423 in a platelet-expressed @entity1427 /IIIa-dependent manner. iv) We proposed that extracellular @entity518 seems to promote the phosphorylation of @entity1427 /IIIa and subsequent @entity1423 via @entity2939 /NF-kB and @entity6708 pathway. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we provide evidence for the hypothesis that @entity518 interact with platelet might play an important role in the haemostasis and @entity715 . Our research might be provide an interesting avenue for the treatment of @entity715 in the future.

title: @entity518 : a novel protein that induced platelets active and aggregation via XXXX , NF-kB and @entity6708 dependent mechanisms.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombotic diseases', 'thrombotic diseases', 'thrombosis']

answer: @entity2939 :: (7099,Gene) :: ['Toll-like receptor-4']


abstract: DESIGN: The aim of our study was to established possible a correlation between Holter blood pressure measurements and BP levels measured incidentally by the medical personnel. We also tried to evaluate usefulness of ABPM in monitoring intensification of the @entity101 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research was performed on 57 pregnant @entity1 where @entity2099 were complicated by @entity101 (PIH or chronic @entity101 ). All @entity1 were divided into four groups conforming with JNC VI protocol according to BP level measured in the time of the admission to hospital. Therefore circadian blood pressure profile was done by using ABPM SpaceLab device. After that BP load indicator was estimated in each group to assess intensification of the disease. However, we compared those results between groups by using t-Student test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: We qualified 22 @entity1 to group 0 with SBP = 129,45 + 6.31 mmHg and @entity11559 = 80.59 + 5.45 mmHg in the time of admission. There were 21 pregnant @entity1 with mild @entity101 (group I SBP = 144,14 + 7.32 mmHg, @entity11559 = 93.14 + 4.52 mmHg), moderate (group II, N = 8 with SBP = 153,88 + 5.54 mmHg and @entity11559 = 101,34 + 3.78 mmHg) and severe @entity101 (group III, N = 6 with SBP = 175,83 + 33.23 mmHg, @entity11559 = 121 + 11.92 mmHg). BP load value measured in group 0 was 14.57 + 21.3% of SBP and 13.92 + 22.99% of @entity11559 inappropriate results. In group I was found SBP 24.91 + 30.3%, @entity11559 23.12 + 26.01%, group II SBP 38.11 + 33.66%, @entity11559 26.31 + 22.75% and in group III SBP 59.3 + 38.76% and @entity11559 61.37 + 35.72%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Only between the group with normal blood pressure and the group with severe @entity101 the obtained results were statistically significant (p < 0.05). We've also found a statistical correlation between BP values measured in the time of admission to the hospital and BP load indices in each group.

title: [Assessment of high blood pressure in 24-hours Holter records in @entity101 pregnant XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2099 :: ('MESH:D011254', 'Disease') :: ['pregnancies']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity161 , impaired conscious retrieval of past events and facts may represent a selective cognitive @entity2414 against a background of a generalized @entity73 . We aimed to disentangle the neural subprocesses leading to this deficit applying the 'Remember/Know procedure'. METHOD: Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded as 14 @entity161 @entity1 and 14 controls recognized an equal mixture of previously presented old and new words. For recognized old words, @entity1 were required to judge whether recognition was associated with recollection ('Remember') or familiarity ('Know'), either reflecting episodic or semantic memory. RESULTS: @entity1 showed a lack of 'Remember responses', which led to more opportunities to make 'Know responses'. ERPs for 'Remember' compared to 'New responses' differed consistently in controls over left temporo-parietal and right frontal electrode sites. Although @entity161 @entity1 showed the same topography for this Remember old/new effect, it was apparent over temporoparietal sites for only 800 ms and over right frontal sites for 1100 ms post-stimulus. For controls, the Know old/new effect was elicited over temporo-parietal sites between 500 and 800 ms. For @entity1 , it showed a widespread maximum over frontal sites between 500 and 1100 ms. CONCLUSIONS: The shorter time course of the left temporo-parietal Remember old/new effect suggests that the @entity1 ' episodic @entity2414 was possibly mediated by a dysfunction of the mediotemporal regions. The more widespread frontal Know old/new effect in the @entity1 suggests that the prefrontly mediated processes associated with retrieval of semantic memory may be enhanced compensatorily.

title: Remembering or knowing: electrophysiological evidence for an episodic XXXX in @entity161 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychological impairment']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairment', 'deficit of declarative memory']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'schizophrenic']

answer: @entity2414 :: (MESH:D008569,Disease) :: ['memory deficit']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity288 are widely used to relieve signs and symptoms arising from many diseases, including common inflammatory and @entity792 affecting a number of organ systems. However, @entity288 also induce significant adverse effects; in particular, a range of severe @entity146 adverse effects may occur including @entity933 , @entity308 , @entity162 , @entity716 and @entity73 . These adverse effects occur in up to 60% of @entity1 taking @entity288 and recent studies show an increased rate of psychopathologies in this population. Long-term adverse effects on mood and behavior are severely debilitating, thereby influencing the quality of life, employment and health status of individuals taking @entity288 . Strategies used to manage @entity228 -induced @entity146 disturbances through psychotropic drugs vary significantly. This commentary summarizes existing literature on mechanisms underlying @entity228 -induced @entity146 adverse effects and evidence associated with using psychotropic drugs to manage these effects. Despite its importance, there is an absolute dearth in the literature examining pharmacists' understanding and perceptions of @entity146 adverse effects of @entity288 . Educational programs need to be implemented so that pharmacists can counsel @entity1 about how to recognize @entity228 -induced @entity146 disturbances. Physicians do not consistently alert @entity1 to watch for behavioral changes, and @entity1 may feel that mood changes they experience fall within the category of 'normal behavior,' and thus are less likely to report them. Given that @entity1 taking @entity288 usually have complex medical histories, discussions of adverse effects with pharmacists are vital to improve health outcomes in this population.

title: XXXX -induced @entity146 disturbances: It is time for pharmacists to take notice.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive/memory impairment']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disorders']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids', 'Corticosteroids']

answer: @entity228 :: (CHEBI:50858,Chemical) :: ['Corticosteroid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A @entity1757 ( @entity1757 ) is the most common form of @entity299 and is one of the most common @entity854 in individuals with chromosome 22q11 deletion syndrome. However, the frequency of a chromosome 22q11 deletion in @entity1 with a @entity1757 is not known. In addition, among @entity1 with a @entity1757 , it is not clear whether particular types of @entity1757 or associated cardiovascular phenotypic features are associated with a chromosome 22q11 deletion. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 125 @entity1 with a conoventricular (n = 100), posterior @entity893 (n = 14), or @entity509 (n = 11) @entity1757 who were admitted to @entity1 's Hospital of Philadelphia between November 1991 and December 2001. @entity1 were studied for a chromosome 22q11 deletion by using fluorescence in situ hybridization. RESULTS: A chromosome 22q11 deletion was detected in 12 (10%) of the 125 @entity1 . Anatomic features that were significantly associated with a chromosome 22q11 deletion included abnormal @entity8521 sidedness, an abnormal @entity8521 @entity5036 pattern, a cervical @entity8521 , and @entity358 . There was no correlation between the type of @entity1757 and chromosome 22q11 deletion. Of 20 @entity1 with an abnormal @entity8521 and/or @entity358 , 45% had a chromosome 22q11 deletion compared with only 3% of those with a left @entity8521 , normal @entity8521 @entity5036 pattern, and continuous branch @entity358 CONCLUSIONS: A chromosome 22q11 deletion is common in individuals with a conoventricular, posterior @entity893 , or @entity509 @entity1757 and anomalies of the @entity8521 or branch @entity358 . On the basis of these findings, at a minimum, we recommend testing for a chromosome 22q11 deletion in @entity1 with these types of @entity1757 who have abnormalities of @entity8521 sidedness or @entity5036 , a cervical @entity8521 , and/or @entity358 . Testing of @entity1 with these types of @entity1757 but a normal @entity8521 and @entity358 may be performed routinely or guided by the presence of associated noncardiovascular features of chromosome 22q11 deletion syndrome.

title: Chromosome 22q11 deletion in XXXX with @entity1757 : frequency and associated @entity854 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity8521 :: ('MESH:D001015', 'Disease') :: ['aortic arch']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['VSD', 'ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['conoseptal hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular anomalies']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['discontinuous pulmonary arteries', 'pulmonary arteries']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity893 :: ('MESH:D017760', 'Disease') :: ['malalignment']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: One hundred eighty-seven @entity957 of the lower lip were examined microscopically to identify parameters that might predict @entity3 and @entity1 outcome. Excision specimens of 157 nonmetastasizing @entity189 (group I) were compared with specimens from 30 @entity5 that had metastasized (group II). The following features were recorded: architectural pattern; microscopic thickness (mm); cytologic grade; presence of muscle, nerve, or vessel invasion; inflammatory response; and mitotic rate. The mean thickness was 2.5 mm for group I @entity5 and 7.5 mm for group II @entity5 . Seventy-six per cent of the group I @entity5 were 3 mm thick or less, whereas only one group II lesion (3 per cent) was less than 3 mm thick. Five per cent of the group I @entity5 , compared with 77 per cent of the group II @entity5 , were at least 6 mm thick. Perineural invasion was seen in 5 per cent of the group I and 41 per cent of the group II lesions. Three per cent of the group I @entity189 had a dispersed pattern, compared with 57 per cent of those in group II. One group I lesion (0.6 per cent) and 37 per cent of the group II @entity5 were grade 4. Each of these differences was statistically significant (P less than 0.0001). For all lesions studied, @entity3 had occurred in 60 per cent with perineural invasion, 74 per cent measuring 6 mm or more, 77 per cent with a dispersed pattern, and 92 per cent that were grade 4. These important prognostic variables were best evaluated in the deeper portions of the lesions.

title: Prognostic factors in XXXX of the lower lip.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']