abstract: UNASSIGNED: The prevalence of @entity3119 in subjects with @entity914 is much higher than in the general population. The higher than chance co-occurrence has also been demonstrated at the level of subclinical expression of both phenotypes. Both extended phenotypes have been shown to cluster in families. However, little is known about the origins of their elevated co-occurrence. In the present study, evidence for a shared etiological mechanism was investigated in 3 samples with decreasing levels of @entity716 liability: 987 @entity1 , 973 of their unaffected siblings and 566 healthy controls. The association between the obsessive-compulsive phenotype and the @entity716 phenotype c.q. @entity716 liability was investigated. First, the association was assessed between (subclinical) @entity3119 and @entity716 liability. Second, in a cross-sib cross-trait analysis, it was examined whether (subclinical) @entity3119 in the @entity1 were associated with (subclinical) @entity716 in the related unaffected sibling. Evidence was found for both associations, which is compatible with a partially shared etiological pathway underlying @entity3119 . This is the first study that used a cross-sib cross-trait design in @entity1 and unaffected siblings, thus circumventing confounding by disease-related factors present in clinical samples.

title: Evidence for a Shared Etiological Mechanism of Psychotic Symptoms and @entity3119 in @entity1 with XXXX and Their Siblings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['obsessive-compulsive symptoms', 'obsessive-compulsive disorder', 'obsessive-compulsive and psychotic disorder']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic symptoms', 'familial psychosis', 'psychosis']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorder']

answer: @entity914 :: (MESH:D011618,Disease) :: ['Psychotic Disorders']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Current @entity135 ( @entity135 ) screening recommendations in preterm @entity1 often include a repeat @entity135 , regardless of initial findings. The objective of this study is to determine the rate of subsequent severe @entity548 ( @entity548 ), @entity1276 ( @entity1276 ), or @entity5719 ( @entity5719 ) among @entity1   <   30 weeks gestation (EGA) with a normal @entity135 at day of life (DOL) 4-10. METHODS: Retrospectively collected data were analyzed for all @entity1   <   30 weeks EGA cared for in one NICU from 1 January 2010 to 31 August 2014. @entity1 with severe @entity154 were excluded. We reviewed the first three @entity11849 and last documented @entity135 . Severe @entity548 was defined as   >   Papile grade 2 and significant interval @entity135 change was defined as development of severe @entity548 , @entity5719 , or @entity1276 . RESULTS: Of the 383 @entity1 who had an initial screening @entity135 between DOL 4 and 10, 258 (67%) were initially normal and repeat screening was performed in 228 of these. None developed severe @entity548 on follow-up @entity135 . One @entity1 developed @entity1276 secondary to @entity693 , and one developed echogenicity concerning for @entity5719 that later resolved. CONCLUSIONS: Among very preterm @entity1 with a normal @entity135 between DOL 4 and 10, routine follow-up @entity135 is unlikely to identify a significant change.

title: Do normal head ultrasounds need repeating in XXXX less than 30 weeks gestation?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'Infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head ultrasound', 'HUS']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['ventriculomegaly', 'VM']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraventricular hemorrhage', 'IVH']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['GBS meningitis']

entities_list: @entity5719 :: ('MESH:D007969', 'Disease') :: ['PVL', 'periventricular leukomalacia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: An element, -186 to -176 base pairs (bp), in the minimal @entity44935 ( @entity44935 ) promoter binds @entity45880 ( @entity45880 ) and is important for both constitutive expression and TSH/ @entity268 -induced negative autoregulation of the @entity44935 in thyroid cells. An element on the noncoding strand of the @entity44935 , contiguous with the 5'-end of the @entity45880 element, has single strand binding activity. It is distinct from the @entity45880 site, as evidenced by competition experiments using gel shift assays; but the association of the two elements is not random. Thus, the @entity45484 ( @entity45484 ) element also exists contiguous to the 5'-end of an upstream @entity45880 site, -881 to -866 bp; mutation of two conserved nucleotides in each @entity45484 element results in the loss of @entity45484 binding and cross-competition. Transfection experiments indicate that full, constitutive @entity44935 gene expression in @entity35 thyroid cells requires the binding of both SSBPs and @entity45880 , since mutation of either element halves thyroid-specific promoter activity, whereas mutation of both decreases promoter activity to values near those of a control vector. Transfection experiments with @entity35 liver cells support their independent activities and show that the @entity45484 site contributes to @entity44935 gene expression in non-thyroid tissue. The SSBPs function conjointly with @entity45880 in thyroid-specific, TSH/ @entity268 -induced negative autoregulation of the @entity44935 . Thus, @entity10344 or @entity1928 -treated @entity35 cells coordinately decrease @entity44935 RNA levels and @entity44935 DNA binding to both the SSBPs and @entity45880 ; also the maximal TSH/ @entity268 -induced decrease in gene expression requires both elements. The TSH-induced effect in each case is inhibited by @entity1880 ; the TSH-induced decrease in @entity45484 /DNA complex formation requires the presence of insulin or calf serum, exactly as does TSH-induced down-regulation of @entity44935 RNA levels. In sum, full, constitutive expression of the @entity44935 in thyroid cells requires @entity45880 and the SSBPs to bind separate, contiguous elements on the @entity44935 promoter. TSH/ @entity268 decreases the binding of each factor to its respective site, thereby decreasing @entity44935 gene expression. The role of the @entity45484 and @entity45880 sites in constitutive @entity44935 expression and in TSH/ @entity268 -induced negative regulation of the @entity44935 is, therefore, additive and independent.

title: Single strand DNA-binding proteins and XXXX conjointly regulate thyrotropin receptor gene expression.

entities_list: @entity1880 :: ('MESH:D003513', 'Chemical') :: ['cycloheximide']

entities_list: @entity45484 :: ('54304(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['SSBP', 'single strand binding protein']

entities_list: @entity45880 :: ('499766(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['TTF-1', 'thyroid transcription factor-1']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

answer: @entity45880 :: (499766(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['thyroid transcription factor-1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To clinically phenotype an inherited @entity1020 with peculiar intraretinal @entity2118 , cysts, and @entity548 in a 24-year-old female proband and her family. METHODS: Extended family members of the proband underwent dilated fundus examination, optical coherence tomography, and, in selected cases, @entity941 angiography and electroretinography. RESULTS: Seventeen family members, representing 3 generations and ranging in age from 5 to 64 years, were clinically examined. Visual acuities ranged from 20/20 to 20/200. @entity4457 and strabismus were frequently present in affected individuals. Consistent with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, 7 family members had multiple central macular cystic spaces and flat, round, densely @entity2118 . There were right-angle vessels and @entity8721 in the central macula. Two subjects showed evidence of active macular @entity2295 with leakage on @entity941 angiography at ages 7 and 24 years, which was responsive to either focal laser or a single injection of bevacizumab. In those cases examined, multifocal electroretinography showed a diminished foveal response. CONCLUSIONS: This spotted @entity1020 appears to represent a new @entity989 . Because these @entity1 are at risk for @entity1940 , identification of the responsible gene may provide insight into the mechanisms of pathological @entity2295 .

title: A new @entity1020 with anomalous vascular development, @entity2118 , cystic spaces, and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8721 :: ('MESH:D013684', 'Disease') :: ['telangiectasis']

entities_list: @entity1940 :: ('MESH:D020256', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2295 :: ('MESH:D015861', 'Disease') :: ['neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity2118 :: ('MESH:D010859', 'Disease') :: ['pigmented spots within the retina', 'pigment spots']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant retinal condition']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular dystrophy', 'cystic neovascular macular dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity4457 :: ('MESH:D000550', 'Disease') :: ['Amblyopia']

answer: @entity2295 :: (MESH:D015861,Disease) :: ['neovascularization']


abstract: Experimental data demonstrate that @entity8 to @entity801 . In the present study the incidence of and risk factors for @entity4028 nephrotoxicity were prospectively studied in @entity1 with @entity3883 . Two hundred and thirty-seven hospitalized adult @entity1 were classified into three groups. Group I consisted of 84 @entity1 with @entity3883 , who received @entity4028 ( @entity801 or @entity2890 ). Group II consisted of 81 @entity1 with @entity3883 , who received either antibiotics other than @entity4028 or no antimicrobial therapy. Group III consisted of 72 noncholestatic @entity1 receiving @entity581 for different disorders. Nephrotoxicity developed in 27 @entity1 (32%) in group I vs 9 @entity1 (11%) in group II and 4 @entity1 (5.6%) in group III (p < 0.00001). In group I, a comparison of @entity1 with and without nephrotoxicity revealed significantly higher values in the former for mean serum @entity648 concentration, initial steady-state trough @entity4028 concentration and estimated half-life. Stepwise multivariate analysis with nephrotoxicity status as the dependent variable determined that the most significant variable for predicting nephrotoxicity was serum total @entity648 level. In extrahepatic @entity1448 a high serum @entity648 level is a distinct factor predisposing to @entity4028 nephrotoxicity.

title: @entity4028 -associated nephrotoxicity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['biliary obstruction increases renal sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['extrahepatic obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity2890 :: ('MESH:D014031', 'Chemical') :: ['tobramycin']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycosides']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

answer: @entity3883 :: (MESH:D041781,Disease) :: ['extrahepatic obstructive jaundice']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We investigated the efficacy and safety of an immunosuppressive regimen consisting of @entity1140 or @entity205 , with basiliximab, @entity618 or @entity20771 , and low-dose @entity230 ( @entity229 <2.5 mg/d) for kidney transplant recipients. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study of 51 recipients with stable graft function who underwent kidney transplantation between August 2005 and December 2009. The oral dose of @entity229 was gradually tapered to <2.5 mg/d within 2 months after transplantation. We assessed, @entity1 and graft survivals, incidence of rejection episodes, transplant function and @entity134 side effects. RESULTS: Death-censored graft survival was 100%, and the mean serum @entity1011 levels remained stable at 1.31, 1.37, and 1.48 mg/dL at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively, after transplantation. There were seven biopsy-proven rejection episodes (mean = 110 days; range = 14-436) after @entity229 was decreased. The cumulative incidence of biopsy-proven rejection was 11.2%, 17.0%, and 17.0%, respectively. In addition, the mean blood pressure was stable (127/78 mm Hg, 125/77 mm Hg, and 125/76 mmHg, respectively), whereas the mean serum @entity165 and @entity412 levels remained within normal limits. Only 3 @entity1 (7%) displayed new onset @entity6 after transplantation. CONCLUSION: Low-dose @entity134 maintenance therapy is safe with beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors.

title: Low-dose XXXX maintenance for renal transplant recipients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity20771 :: ('MESH:C010052', 'Chemical') :: ['mizoribine']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: Vascularised fibular grafts (VFGs ) are a valuable surgical technique in limb salvage after resection of a @entity5 . The primary objective of this multicentre study was to assess the risk factors for failure and complications for using a VFG after resection of a @entity5 . The study involved 74 consecutive @entity1 (45 @entity1 and 29 @entity1 with mean age of 23 years (1 to 64) from four tertiary centres for orthopaedic oncology who underwent reconstruction using a VFG after resection of a @entity5 between 1996 and 2011. There were 52 primary and 22 secondary reconstructions. The mean follow-up was 77 months (10 to 195). In all, 69 @entity1 (93%) had successful limb salvage; all of these united and 65 (88%) showed @entity1184 of the graft. The mean time to union differed between those involving the upper (28 weeks; 12 to 96) and lower limbs (44 weeks; 12 to 250). @entity174 occurred in 11  (15%), and nonunion in 14 (19%) @entity1 . In 35 @entity1 (47%) at least one complication arose, with a greater proportion in lower limb reconstructions, non-bridging osteosynthesis, and in @entity1 . These complications resulted in revision surgery in 26 @entity1 (35%). VFG is a successful and durable technique for reconstruction of a defect in bone after resection of a @entity5 , but is accompanied by a significant risk of complications, that often require revision surgery. Union was not markedly influenced by the need for chemo- or radiotherapy, but should not be expected during chemotherapy. Therefore, restricted weight-bearing within this period is advocated. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:853-61.

title: The vascularised fibular graft for limb salvage after XXXX surgery: a multicentre study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['Fracture']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['bone tumour']


abstract: Fifty-seven @entity1 with advanced measurable urothelial tract @entity5 , 52 of whom had an adequate trial, were treated weekly with 3 to 4 mg. per m.2 vinblastine and 30 to 40 mg. per m.2 @entity1499 . Of 3 @entity1 with unidimensional parameters 2 showed improvement lasting 16 and 27 months, which was documented by serial cystoscopic examinations. An additional 2 @entity1 had measurable disease that could have been encompassed in a preoperative radiotherapy field. Both @entity1 are free of disease at more than 12 and 14 months, respectively. Of the 47 @entity1 with bidimensionally measurable parameters 19 (40 per cent) achieved a complete or partial remission lasting a median of 8 months, with a range of 1 to 24 months. Of 25 @entity1 with intra-abdominal or pelvic disease 7 achieved a complete or partial remission and 5 also had a minor remission. Of note, 18 of 38 @entity1 who had received no prior chemotherapy achieved a remission versus 1 of 9 who had been treated previously (p equals 0.06). Responders frequently obtained another remission with subsequent chemotherapy (4 of 9 versus 0 of 16, p equals 0.03). Responders lived 14 months versus 8 months for nonresponders (p equals 0.02). Four responders had brain metastases compared to none of 28 nonresponders. The combination of @entity5713 and @entity1499 is a well tolerated, effective outpatient regimen for @entity1 with urothelial tract @entity5 .

title: @entity5713 and XXXX for advanced bladder cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: PURPOSE: A biomarker for dietary @entity3096 intake from fruit and vegetables (FlavFV) is needed to elucidate the relevance of @entity3088 from these sources for the prevention of @entity102 . Urinary @entity35620 (HA)-a major metabolite of @entity3088 -is promising in this respect as it was shown to satisfyingly indicate fruit and vegetable consumption in different age groups. Therefore, we validated urinary HA as a biomarker for intake of FlavFV. METHODS: Analyses included data from 287 healthy adolescents of the DONALD Study (aged 9-16  years) for whom a minimum of two pairs of HA measurements from 24-h urine samples (test method) and FlavFV intake estimated from 3-day weighed dietary records (reference method) existed. Agreement between both methods was assessed by Spearman correlation and cross-classification analyses. Possible confounders of the association were identified by linear regression models. Analyses were performed using a split-sample approach allowing for consecutive exploration (n  =  192) and confirmation (n  =  95) of results. RESULTS: Agreement between urinary HA excretion and FlavFV intake was moderate according to correlation analysis in the exploratory sample (r unadjusted  =  0.47, P  <  0.0001). Yet, 79  % of the subjects were classified into same/adjacent quartiles, and only 5  % were misclassified into opposite quartiles. These findings were corroborated by analyses in the confirmatory sample (r unadjusted  =  0.64; 88  % in same/adjacent vs. 4  % in opposite quartiles). Body surface area (BSA) was the only relevant covariate in the exploratory sample, and its adjustment improved cross-classification estimates in both subsamples. CONCLUSIONS: BSA-adjusted 24-h urinary HA excretion represents a suitable biomarker of habitual FlavFV intake in healthy adolescents.

title: Relative validation of 24-h urinary XXXX excretion as a biomarker for dietary @entity3096 intake from fruit and vegetables in healthy adolescents.

entities_list: @entity3088 :: ('MESH:D005419', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoids']

entities_list: @entity3096 :: ('CHEBI:47916', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoid']

entities_list: @entity35620 :: ('MESH:C030514', 'Chemical') :: ['hippuric acid']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

answer: @entity35620 :: (MESH:C030514,Chemical) :: ['hippuric acid']


abstract: Current developments in tissue engineering and microtechnology fields allow the use of microfluidic biochip as microtools for in vitro investigations. In the present study, we describe the behavior of HepG2/ @entity4417 cells cultivated in a @entity13768 ( @entity16549 ) microfluidic biochip coupled to a perfusion system. Cell culture in the microfluidic biochip for 96 h including 72 h of perfusion provoked a 24 h delay in cell growth compared to plate cultures. Inside the microfluidic biochip, few apoptosis, and @entity39 were detected along the culture and 3D cell organization was observed. Regarding the hepatic metabolism, @entity413 and @entity1160 consumptions as well as albumin synthesis were maintained. A transcriptomic analysis performed at 96 h of culture using Affymetrix GeneChip demonstrated that 1,025 genes with a fold change above 1.8 were statistically differentially expressed in the microfluidic biochip cultures compared to plate cultures. Among those genes, phase I enzymes involved in the xenobiotic's metabolism such as the cytochromes P450 (CYP) 1A1/2, 2B6, 3A4, 3A5, and 3A7 were up-regulated. The @entity4187 /2 up-regulation was associated with the appearance of @entity4187 /2's activity evidenced by using EROD biotransformation assay. Several phase II enzymes such as sulfotransferases ( @entity4913 and @entity36963 ), @entity858 -glucuronyltransferase ( @entity6912 , @entity22642 ) and phase III transporters (such as @entity1262 , @entity7737 ) were also up-regulated. In conclusion, microfluidic biochip could and provide an important insight to exploring the xenobiotic's metabolism. Altogether, these results suggest that this kind of biochip could be considered as a new pertinent tool for predicting cell @entity137 and clearance of xenobiotics in vitro.

title: Improvement of HepG2/ XXXX cell functions in a microfluidic biochip.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity13768 :: ('MESH:C013830', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(dimethylsiloxane)']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity4417 :: (718,Gene) :: ['C3a']


abstract: @entity455 of bone and soft tissue are relatively common @entity85 . @entity2695 is the most frequently encountered @entity75 . @entity2695 commonly involves the spine and calvaria and often has a characteristic radiographic appearance, with either coarsened trabeculae lying adjacent to the vascular channels or multifocal lytic areas creating a honeycomb pattern. Soft-tissue @entity2695 is the most frequent soft-tissue @entity5 of infancy and childhood. Radiography and computed tomography (CT) may show phleboliths in cavernous soft-tissue @entity2695 . The magnetic resonance (MR) imaging appearance, however, is often more distinctive, because fat overgrowth and @entity9155 vascular channels can be seen. Lymphangioma usually occurs in the neck and axillae of young @entity1 as a soft-tissue mass composed of large cavernous spaces and is well evaluated with CT, ultrasound, or MR imaging. @entity455 can also diffusely involve both bone and soft tissue in @entity4904 . A group of @entity146 , including @entity8146 , @entity2698 , and @entity5426 , may have a nonspecific imaging appearance; however, the vascular pattern can be recognized in some cases, allowing radiologic diagnosis. Imaging is important throughout the evaluation of @entity75 for detection, diagnosis, preoperative assessment, and treatment.

title: From the archives of the AFIP. XXXX : radiologic-pathologic correlation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['Vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioma', 'Osseous hemangioma', 'Hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['angiomatous lesions', 'angiomatous lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['more aggressive vascular neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity2698 :: ('MESH:D006393', 'Disease') :: ['hemangiopericytoma']

entities_list: @entity5426 :: ('MESH:D006394', 'Disease') :: ['angiosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity9155 :: ('CHEBI:46670', 'Chemical') :: ['serpentine']

entities_list: @entity4904 :: ('MESH:D000798', 'Disease') :: ['angiomatosis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity8146 :: ('MESH:D006390', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioendothelioma']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['Musculoskeletal angiomatous lesions']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity162 is one of the most common @entity1316 characterized by large and invalidating mood swings. Several projects focus on the development of decision support systems that monitor and advise @entity1 , as well as clinicians. Voice monitoring and speech signal analysis can be exploited to reach this goal. In this study, an Android application was designed for analyzing running speech using a smartphone device. The application can record audio samples and estimate speech fundamental frequency, F0, and its changes. F0-related features are estimated locally on the smartphone, with some advantages with respect to remote processing approaches in terms of privacy protection and reduced upload costs. The raw features can be sent to a central server and further processed. The quality of the audio recordings, algorithm reliability and performance of the overall system were evaluated in terms of voiced segment detection and features estimation. The results demonstrate that mean F0 from each voiced segment can be reliably estimated, thus describing prosodic features across the speech sample. Instead, features related to F0 variability within each voiced segment performed poorly. A case study performed on a @entity162 @entity1 is presented.

title: Smartphone Application for the Analysis of Prosodic Features in Running Speech with a Focus on XXXX : System Performance Evaluation and Case Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['Bipolar disorder', 'bipolar']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['Bipolar Disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical manifestations of @entity7276 can be controlled by splenectomy. The use of this procedure has been restricted due to concerns regarding exposure of @entity1 to a lifelong risk of overwhelming infections. Subtotal splenectomy, which removes 85-90% of the enlarged spleen, is a logical alternative. In the first cases performed by laparoscopy we have chosen to preserve the upper pole. However, this technique showed some disadvantages, especially concerning the correct intraoperative evaluation of the splenic remnant volume. Therefore, we developed a new variant of the procedure by preserving the lower pole of the spleen. METHODS: Based on the authors' experience in laparoscopy (176 laparoscopic splenectomies), 10 laparoscopic subtotal splenectomies were performed in @entity1 with hereditary microspherocytosis, preserving either the upper or the lower splenic pole. RESULTS: @entity1 age ranged between 5 and 35 years. The mean volume of the remnant spleen was 41.4 cm3. There were no complications, and no transfusions were needed. Follow-up for 1-30 months was available. CONCLUSIONS: Subtotal splenectomy appears to control @entity2142 while maintaining splenic function. The laparoscopic approach is safe and effective and should be considered the procedure of choice in hereditary microspherocytosis. Laparoscopic subtotal splenectomy presents an advantage over open subtotal splenectomy, resulting in decreased @entity190 , shorter hospital stay, no conversions, fewer @entity260 , and excellent remission rates. On the basis of our experience, the preservation of the lower pole of the spleen seems to be a first-line option for the optimal evaluation of the residual splenic mass.

title: Laparoscopic subtotal splenectomy in XXXX : to preserve the upper or the lower pole of the spleen?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity7276 :: ('MESH:D013103', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary spherocytosis']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['operative and postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

answer: @entity7276 :: (MESH:D013103,Disease) :: ['hereditary spherocytosis']


abstract: The cause of detrusor instability and @entity322 remains elusive. Although @entity6684 is most prevalent at the extremes of age, GSI becomes more common with aging and @entity1 bearing, and therefore @entity322 is common, especially after menopause. Cystometry is used to diagnosis detrusor instability, but urethral closure pressure profilometry is required for assessment of @entity322 . @entity6684 is managed initially by behavioral therapy, and if this is not satisfactory then FES should be used depending upon availability. Drug therapy should start with @entity11440 at 2.5 to 5 mg twice-daily and increased as necessary to control symptoms. If the effects of therapy are minimal or side effects are too great, other medications or medication combinations should be tried. When the @entity1 does not respond to this level of therapy, transvesical @entity3971 injections should be considered, or, alternatively, a sacral selective neurolysis or neurectomy should be considered. Finally, invasive procedures will have to be considered starting with bladder transection, especially for the @entity1 showing response to medication but intolerant of side effects. Mixed @entity322 should be approached with conservative measures for each component. FES or @entity2645 therapy may help both conditions. If conservative therapy is not beneficial, surgical correction for GSI should be undertaken, with the knowledge that 35 to 50 per cent of @entity1 will also have cure of @entity6684 , while the remainder can be treated medically for the @entity6684 .

title: Etiology and management of detrusor instability and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['mixed incontinence', 'incontinence']

entities_list: @entity11440 :: ('MESH:C005419', 'Chemical') :: ['oxybutynin']

entities_list: @entity2645 :: ('MESH:D007099', 'Chemical') :: ['imipramine']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['mixed incontinence']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Serum levels of the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) have been associated with risk of @entity65 . We hypothesized that sRAGE levels are associated with subclinical @entity66 in an ethnically diverse population. METHODS: Clinically @entity64 -free @entity1 in the multi-ethnic Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS) underwent brain MRI to quantify subclinical @entity4798 (SBI) and white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV) (n = 1102). Serum levels of sRAGE were measured by ELISA. Logistic and multiple linear regression were employed to estimate associations of sRAGE with SBI and WMHV, after adjusting for demographics and vascular risk factors. RESULTS: Median sRAGE levels were significantly lower in Hispanics (891.9 pg/ml; n = 708) and @entity7864 (757.4 pg/ml; n = 197) than in non-Hispanic whites (1120.5 pg/ml; n = 170), and these differences remained after adjusting for other risk factors. Interactions were observed by race-ethnicity between sRAGE levels and MRI measurements, including for SBI in Hispanics (p = 0.04) and WMHV among blacks (p = 0.03). In Hispanics, increasing sRAGE levels were associated with a lower odds of SBI, with those in the upper sRAGE quartile displaying a 50% lower odds of SBI after adjusting for sociodemographic and vascular risk factors (p = 0.05). Among blacks, those in the upper quartile of sRAGE had a similarly reduced increased risk of SBI (p = 0.06) and greater WMHV (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Compared to whites, Hispanics and blacks have significantly lower sRAGE levels, and these levels were associated with more subclinical @entity75 . Taken together, these findings suggest sRAGE levels may be significantly influence by ethnicity. Further studies of sRAGE and @entity64 risk, particularly in minorities, are warranted.

title: Association of serum soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products with subclinical XXXX : the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity4798 :: ('MESH:D020520', 'Disease') :: ['brain infarcts']

entities_list: @entity7864 :: ('MESH:D055008', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hispanic blacks']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['cerebrovascular disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bone marrow is a valuable source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that can be used in regenerative medicine. MSCs are able to differentiate into cells from all three germ layers under specific conditions. The aim of the current work was to study the differentiation of @entity35 MSCs (rMSCs) into neuron-like cells. NEW METHOD: We investigated how the antidepressants @entity2645 , @entity5829 , @entity905 and @entity13707 affect the differentiation of rMSCs. Furthermore, we present differentiation cocktails using a cortex astrocyte-conditioned medium (CACM) separately or in conjunction with each of the antidepressants and investigated their additive effect on the efficiency of differentiation. We also observed how various differentiation conditions affect the number of primary @entity2343 per cell. RESULTS: Gene expression for an early neuronal marker (b-III-tubulin) and markers that are typical for adult neurons such as Th, @entity14919 and @entity38224 were observed. The @entity72166 and @entity14919 gene expression were up-regulated, Th decreased slightly and @entity38224 was down-regulated after differentiation We observed a two-fold higher percentage of b-III-tubulin positive cells after treatment with antidepressants and two-fold increase of neuron-like cells after using CACM with @entity2645 or @entity905 simultaneously. Differentiation using @entity2645 or in conjunction with CACM and @entity5829 or @entity905 simultaneously increased the number of cell dendrites. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS: The results that were obtained are completely new and need further investigations in the nearest future. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that antidepressants improve differentiation efficiency of rMSCs and may be useful in the preparation of rMSCs for transplantation. Differentiation efficiency is higher after long-term exposure to antidepressants, than after a 24-h exposure. Nearly additive effect of CACM and @entity2645 or @entity905 suggests a beneficial role of antidepressants after transplantation.

title: Affect of antidepressants on the in vitro differentiation of XXXX bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neuronal cells.

entities_list: @entity905 :: ('MESH:D005473', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoxetine']

entities_list: @entity13707 :: ('MESH:C050504', 'Chemical') :: ['tianeptine']

entities_list: @entity5829 :: ('MESH:D003891', 'Chemical') :: ['desipramine']

entities_list: @entity2343 :: ('MESH:D007635', 'Disease') :: ['dendrites and branching dendrites']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: While late decelerations are regarded as signs of @entity2241 , fetal @entity1353 movements (FBM) associated with late decelerations invariably have normal outcomes. Could late decelerations sometimes represent FBM? MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six @entity1 between 37 and 42 weeks' gestation with 'late decelerations' associated with FBM (by ultrasound or tocodynamometer) during ante- or intrapartum monitoring were evaluated. Three were at high risk ( @entity6 , postdates, intrauterine growth restriction) and three were at low-risk. RESULTS: 'Late decelerations' arose in previously reassuring tracings. @entity26 or positional change had no effect. The decelerations were variable in length and shallow, and contained increased variability. Normal baseline rate and variability were maintained after the deceleration. Neonatal outcomes were normal. CONCLUSION: 'Late decelerations' as described are associated with normal outcome and may represent FBM. This understanding may reduce unnecessary interventions.

title: Late-onset fetal cardiac decelerations associated with fetal XXXX movements.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathing']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['fetal hypoxemia']

answer: @entity1353 :: (MESH:D004417,Disease) :: ['breathing']


abstract: @entity2876 is a disorder of @entity1 in which there is obliteration or discontinuity of the extrahepatic biliary system, resulting in obstruction of bile flow. Untreated, the resulting cholestasis leads to progressive @entity70750 , @entity82 , and @entity1578 . @entity2876 has an incidence of approximately one in 10,000 live births worldwide. Evidence to date supports a number of pathogenic mechanisms for the development of @entity2876 . An infectious cause, such as by a virus, would seem most pausible in many cases. The clinical observation that @entity2876 is rarely encountered in premature @entity1 would support an agent acting late in gestation. However, no infectious or toxic agent has been conclusively implicated in @entity2876 . Genetic mechanisms likely play important roles, even regarding susceptibility to other specific causes, but no gene whose altered function would result in obstruction or @entity1146 of the biliary tree has been identified. The variety of clinical presentations support the notion that the proposed mechanisms are not mutually exclusive but may play roles individually or in combination in certain @entity1 . @entity2876 , when untreated, is fatal within 2 years, with a median survival of 8 months. The natural history of @entity2876 has been favorably altered by the Kasai portoenterostomy. Approximately 25 to 35% of @entity1 who undergo a Kasai portoenterostomy will survive more than 10 years without liver transplantation. One third of the @entity1 drain bile but develop complications of @entity82 and require liver transplantation before age 10. For the remaining one third of @entity1 , bile flow is inadequate following portoenterostomy and the @entity1 develop progressive @entity82 and @entity82 . The portoenterostomy should be done before there is irreversible @entity1463 of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Consequently, a prompt evaluation is indicated for any @entity1 older than 14 days with @entity1087 to determine if @entity70750 is present. If infectious, @entity209 are unlikely and if the @entity1 has findings consistent with @entity2876 , then exploratory laparotomy and intraoperative cholangiogram should be done expeditiously by a surgeon who has experience doing the Kasai portoenteostomy. @entity2876 represents the most common indication for pediatric liver transplantation, representing more than 50% of cases in most series. Transplantation is indicated when symptoms of @entity3851 occur, including recurrent @entity255 , progressive @entity1087 , portal @entity101 complications, @entity843 , decreased synthetic function, and growth/nutritional failure.

title: XXXX : pathogenesis and treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children', 'patients', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity70750 :: ('MESH:C562885', 'Disease') :: ['conjugated hyperbilirubinemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic, endocrine disorders']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['end stage liver disease']

entities_list: @entity2876 :: ('MESH:D001656', 'Disease') :: ['Biliary atresia', 'biliary atresia']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

answer: @entity2876 :: (MESH:D001656,Disease) :: ['Biliary atresia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity23838 ( @entity23838 ) are promising vehicles for delivery of a variety of medicinal compounds, including antigens and cytokines. It has also been established that @entity23838 are able to deliver cDNA to host cells. To increase the efficiency of @entity23838 -driven DNA delivery we have constructed @entity1336 strains targeting DEC-205, which is a receptor located at the surface of dendritic cells (DCs). The purpose was to increase uptake of bacterial cells, which could lead to improved cDNA delivery to immune cells. RESULTS: Anti-DEC-205 antibody (aDec) was displayed at the surface of @entity1336 using three different anchoring strategies: (1) covalent anchoring of aDec to the cell membrane (Lipobox domain, Lip); (2) covalent anchoring to the cell wall (LPXTG domain, CWA); (3) non-covalent anchoring to the cell wall (LysM domain, LysM). aDec was successfully expressed in all three strains, but surface location of the antibody could only be demonstrated for the two strains with cell wall anchors (CWA and LysM). Co-incubation of the engineered strains and DCs showed increased uptake when anchoring aDec using the CWA or LysM anchors. In a competition assay, free anti-DEC abolished the increased uptake, showing that the internalization is due to specific interactions between the DEC-205 receptor and aDec. To test plasmid transfer, a plasmid for expression of GFP under control of an eukaryotic promoter was transformed into the aDec expressing strains and GFP expression in DCs was indeed increased when using the strains producing cell-wall anchored aDec. Plasmid transfer to DCs in the gastro intestinal tract was also detected using a @entity19 model. Surprisingly, in @entity19 the highest expression of GFP was observed for the strain in which aDec was coupled to the cell membrane. CONCLUSION: The results show that surface expression of aDec leads to increased internalization of @entity1336 and plasmid transfer in DCs and that efficiency depends on the type of anchor used. Interestingly, in vitro data indicates that cell wall anchoring is more effective, whereas in vivo data seem to indicate that anchoring to the cell membrane is preferable. It is likely that the more embedded localization of aDec in the latter case is favorable when cells are exposed to the harsh conditions of the gastro-intestinal tract.

title: Surface display of an anti-DEC-205 single chain Fv fragment in XXXX increases internalization and plasmid transfer to dendritic cells in vitro and in vivo.

entities_list: @entity1336 :: ('1590', 'Species') :: ['L. plantarum', 'Lactobacillus plantarum']

entities_list: @entity23838 :: ('MESH:C565446', 'Disease') :: ['Lactic acid bacteria', 'LAB']

answer: @entity1336 :: (1590,Species) :: ['Lactobacillus plantarum']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity358 ( @entity358 ) remains a major factor in morbidity and @entity204 in severely injured @entity1 , especially those in specific high-risk groups. PEs have been documented to occur despite routine @entity1150 prophylaxis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of prophylactic Greenfield filter (PGF) placement in @entity1 who have @entity1230 with known high-risk injuries for @entity358 . METHODS: From January 1992 to June 1994, PGF were prospectively placed in 108 @entity1 who had an injury severity score greater than 9 and met one of the following criteria: (1) severe @entity542 with prolonged ventilator dependence, (2) severe @entity542 with multiple @entity174 , (3) @entity1566 with or without @entity912 , (4) major abdominal or pelvic penetrating @entity1317 , (5) pelvic @entity174 with @entity174 . These @entity1 were compared with 216 @entity1 , historically matched for age, sex, mechanism of @entity130 severity score, and days in the intensive care unit. Data analysis was done with chi-squared and Student's t testing. RESULT: There were no statistical differences between the PGF and control group with regard to age (35.9 +/- 1.5 vs 38.3 +/- 1.4), sex (male 76% vs 75.5%), days in the intensive care unit (21.2 +/- 1.4 vs 18.1 +/- 1.5), ISS (28.0 +/- 1.0 vs 25.4 +/- 0.8) and mechanism of injury (blunt 85% vs 81%). None of the @entity1 in the PGF group had a @entity358 . In the control group, however, 13 @entity1 had a @entity358 , nine of which were fatal. These differences were statistically significant for both @entity358 (p < 0.009) and @entity358 -related @entity204 (p < 0.03). The overall mortality rate was reduced in the PGF group (18 of 108, 16%) versus the control group (47 of 216, 22%); however, this did not achieve statistical significance. CONCLUSION: PGF insertion in selected @entity1 at high risk who had @entity130 effectively prevented both fatal and nonfatal @entity358 . The lower incidence of fatal @entity358 in the PGF group may have contributed to a reduction in the overall mortality rate. @entity1 who have @entity130 with high risk for @entity358 should be considered for PGF placement.

title: Prophylactic Greenfield filter placement in selected high-risk XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['lower extremity fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['venous injury']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary embolus', 'PE']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple trauma']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'injury, injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: @entity712 ( @entity712 ) and @entity73 are frequent causes of hospitalization in elderly @entity1 . Independently, both clinical syndromes are associated with increased mortality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of @entity73 on in-hospital mortality in old @entity1 with @entity712 . A modified Mini-Mental State Exam (MMMSE) was performed in 598 consecutive @entity1 (65-102 years old; 355 female) with @entity712 . All @entity1 were stratified into low (6.3 +/- 1.2 points), medium (19.7 +/- 4.7 points) or high (29.1 +/- 2.1 points) tertile group according to MMMSE results. Total in-hospital mortality was 52.0% in the lowest, 34.2% in the medium and 15.1% in the highest tertile (Pearson Chi-square p < 0.0001 for trend). The comparison of in-hospital mortality between tertiles of MMMSE was done with the use of logistic regression adjusted to age, sex, and the presence of @entity6 , @entity177 and @entity417 . Comparison of in-hospital mortality between @entity1 from the lowest tertile of MMSE with the highest one revealed that odds ratio was 5.93 (95% CI: 3.58-9.80; p < 0.0001) whereas it was 2.67 (95% CI: 1.60-4.67; p = 0.0002) for @entity1 from the medium tertile. The obtained results show that the worse cognitive function is, the worse in-hospital prognosis can be observed in older @entity1 with @entity712 . Moreover, it also suggests that @entity73 may be an independent risk factor for mortality in elderly @entity712 @entity1 .

title: [Impaired cognitive function as an independent risk factor for the in-hospital mortality in the elderly with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'Heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired cognitive function']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['chronic heart failure']


abstract: The thymic stromal network is complex and heterogeneous, containing thymic epithelial cells which are thought to play an important role during T-cell development and thymic fibroblasts which role is less defined. We herein present a phenotypic and functional comparison between defined thymic stromal cell populations. We transfected SV40 ori- into fetal and postnatal thymic stromal cell cultures and obtained SV40-immortalized clones of epithelial and fibroblastic nature as demonstrated by expression of intracellular keratin. These various clones were characterized in detail and compared to their untransfected bulk culture counterparts for phenotype, cytokine gene expression and cytokine production. All the different thymic stromal cells examined, constitutively expressed @entity2071 , @entity7937 , MHC class I antigens, @entity1759 , and the genes coding for @entity6977 , @entity6826 and TGF-beta, but not @entity310 . After @entity1192 stimulation, epithelial cells seemed to produce more @entity2841 than fibroblasts, and that trend was also seen for @entity650 secretion. SV40 cells were also regulated by @entity379 which induced MHC class II antigens and inhibited the @entity1192 induced @entity2841 production. SV40 cells differed from their untransfected counterparts by an atypical expression of @entity2936 and lacked constitutive @entity1192 gene expression. We isolated clones with distinct properties, 24SV48, a highly proliferative @entity2280 positive TEC secreting low levels of @entity2841 and lacking constitutive @entity1192 and beta gene expression, and CT1SV93, an epithelial clone of postnatal origin with a high @entity1192 -induced cytokine production. In spite of differences with untransfected bulk cultures, the various SV40 immortalized clones may represent useful tools to further study the @entity1 thymic stroma.

title: Untransfected and SV40-transfected fetal and postnatal XXXX thymic stromal cells. Analysis of phenotype, cytokine gene expression and cytokine production.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this systematic review was to identify and describe brief dietary assessment tools suitable for use in clinical practice in the management of @entity28 , @entity65 and @entity164 2 @entity6 . Papers describing development of brief (<35 items) dietary assessment questionnaires, that were accessible, simple to score and assessed aspects of the diet of relevance to the conditions of interest were identified from electronic databases. The development of 35 tools was described in 47 papers. Ten tools assessed healthy eating or healthy dietary patterns, 2 assessed adherence to the Mediterranean diet, 18 assessed dietary fat intake, and 5 assessed vegetable and/or fruit intake. Twenty tools were developed in North America. Test-retest reliability was conducted on 18 tools; correlation coefficients for total scores ranged from 0.59 to 0.95. Relative validation was conducted on 34 tools. The most common reference variable was percentage energy from fat (15 tools) and correlation coefficients ranged from 0.24, P<0.001 to 0.79, P<0.002. Tools that have been evaluated for reliability and/or relative validity are suitable for guiding clinicians when providing dietary advice. Variation in study design, settings and populations makes it difficult to recommend one tool over another, although future developers can enhance the understanding and use of tools by giving clear guidance as to the strengths and limitations of the study design. When selecting a tool, clinicians should consider whether their @entity1 population is similar in characteristics to the evaluation sample.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 25 February 2015; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2015.6.

title: A systematic review of brief dietary questionnaires suitable for clinical use in the prevention and management of @entity28 , @entity65 and XXXX 2 @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['type']


abstract: AIM: To compare the outcomes of @entity99 (TACE) for @entity157 ( @entity157 ) according to the Barcelona Clinic @entity96 (BCLC) staging system. METHODS: A consecutive sample of 540 @entity1 with solitary @entity157 who underwent liver resection (n = 312) or TACE (n = 128) were included in the present study. Baseline characteristics, @entity5 characteristics, and post-operative complications were compared between the two groups. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for long-term survival analysis. Independent prognostic predictors were identified using the Cox proportional hazards model (univariate and multivariate analyses). RESULTS: The TACE and liver resection groups had similar baseline demographic and clinicopathological characteristics. The TACE group showed a significantly lower rate of major complications than the liver resection group (3.9% vs 17.4%, P < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that TACE did not contribute to poor overall survival compared with liver resection; however, a solitary @entity5 diameter of greater than 6 cm should be considered a risk factor for poor overall survival (HR = 1.328, 95%CI: 1.002-1.783, P = 0.048). The liver resection and TACE groups had comparable overall survival rates at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years (86.2%, 62.8%, and 44.0% vs 88.3%, 59.8%, and 40.6%, respectively, P = 0.419). In cases with @entity5 diameters equal to or less than 6 cm, the liver resection group showed a survival benefit compared with the TACE group at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years (P = 0.030). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates of @entity157 cases with @entity5 diameters of more than 6 cm were similar among the liver resection and TACE groups (P = 0.467). CONCLUSION: A @entity5 diameter of 6 cm should be the cutoff for deciding between liver resection and TACE.

title: XXXX for @entity157 .

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['Liver Cancer']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'solitary hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic resection and transarterial chemoembolization']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['Comparison of hepatic resection and transarterial chemoembolization']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of a knowledge-based iterative model reconstruction (IMR) algorithm for reducing image noise in ultralow-dose (ULD) CT for @entity1791 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 103 @entity1 diagnosed with urinary stones (n = 276) were enrolled. Regular dose (RD) scans (120 kV and 150 mAs, maximal tube current in dose modulation) were reconstructed using filtered back-projection ( @entity30220 , RD- @entity30220 ), and ULD scans (100 kV and 20 mAs, fixed tube current) were reconstructed with @entity30220 (ULD- @entity30220 ), statistical iterative reconstruction (IR; ULD-iDose), and a knowledge-based IMR algorithm (ULD-IMR). Prospective interpretations of the two scans were performed with respect to radiation dose, objective image noise, and subjective assessment. The subjective assessment was also evaluated with regard to each @entity1 's body mass index (BMI, < 25 or >=  25 kg/m(2)). Using RD CT (RD- @entity30220 ) as the reference standard, two reviewers assessed the diagnostic performance and inter-observer agreement for ULD-IMR. RESULT: The average effective doses with RD CT and ULD CT were 8.31 and 0.68 @entity2073 , respectively, and the average radiation dose reduction rate was 91.82% (p < 0.01). The lowest objective image noise was observed with ULD-IMR (p < 0.01). Subjective assessment in ULD-IMR was comparable to that of RD- @entity30220 , although RD- @entity30220 remained statistically superior. For BMI, there was a statistically significant difference in subjective image quality between the normal (4.7    0.54) and overweight or @entity28 groups (4.2    0.5) (p < 0.05). The ULD-IMR showed a greater than 75% concordant rate in overall stones and 100% in ureter stones larger than 3 mm. However, for stones <3 mm, neither reviewer had a good detection rate (45.5% and 56.9% for the general and genitourinary radiologist, respectively). Inter-observer agreement was almost perfect (k = 0.82). CONCLUSION: Despite a significant radiation dose reduction, ULD-IMR images were comparable in image quality and noise to RD- @entity30220 images. Furthermore, the diagnostic performance of the ULD non-enhanced CT protocol was comparable to that of the RD scan for diagnosing urinary stones larger than 3 mm.

title: Knowledge-based iterative model reconstruction (IMR) algorithm in ultralow-dose CT for evaluation of XXXX : evaluation of radiation dose reduction, image quality, and diagnostic performance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1791 :: ('MESH:D052878', 'Disease') :: ['urolithiasis']

answer: @entity1791 :: (MESH:D052878,Disease) :: ['urolithiasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity28772 ( @entity28772 ) is a @entity395 that is characterized by abnormal adipose tissue growth mainly at the neck, abdominal wall, back, shoulder girdle, and arms. A suggested mechanism for accumulation of adipose tissue is a defect in the lipolytic pathway of fat cell. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical, morphologic, and biochemical findings in Korean @entity1 . METHOD: A total of 32 @entity1 with @entity28772 were evaluated retrospectively. Ten @entity1 were seen at our hospital. The remaining 22 @entity1 from literature were reviewed. Biochemical analyses and neurologic studies were performed. RESULTS: All cases were a sporadic form of @entity28772 . The age of onset ranged from 26 to 70 years (mean of 49.4 years). The male-to-female ratio was 31:1. All but two @entity1 were alcoholics with a daily intake of more than 80 g of @entity167 for at least 10 years. In metabolic studies of 17 @entity1 , a @entity6340 or IV @entity5522 was found in three @entity1 . High-density lipoprotein @entity165 values were higher in three @entity1 . A @entity413 tolerance test was abnormal in five @entity1 . A high prevalence of @entity16 was observed. Clinical signs of @entity1897 were present in 11 of 13 @entity1 . Central nervous system involvement was found clinically in 3 of 13 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The surgical removal of the fatty tissue and abstinence from @entity167 are essential for relieving the @entity1 from functional impairment. Not only metabolic studies of @entity14822 but also a complete neurologic examination were required in order to improve the quality of life in @entity28772 @entity1 .

title: XXXX : Korean experience.

entities_list: @entity28772 :: ('MESH:D008069', 'Disease') :: ['MSL', 'Multiple symmetric lipomatosis']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity6340 :: ('MESH:D006938', 'Disease') :: ['Fredrickson type IIb']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity14822 :: ('MESH:C562935', 'Disease') :: ['lipid abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity5522 :: ('MESH:D006951', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipoproteinemia']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disorder']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity28772 :: (MESH:D008069,Disease) :: ['Multiple symmetric lipomatosis']


abstract: Malnutrition modifies resistance to @entity281 by impairing a number of physiological processes including hematopoesis and the immune response. In this study, we examined the production of @entity58 ( @entity58 ) and @entity1618 in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and also evaluated the cellularity of the blood, bone marrow, and spleen in a @entity19 model of @entity7493 . Two-month-old male Swiss @entity19 were subjected to @entity7493 ( @entity7493 ) with a low-protein diet (4%) as compared to the control diet (20%). When the experimental group lost approximately 20% of their original body weight, the animals from both groups received 1.25 microg of LPS intravenously. The cells in the blood, bone marrow, and spleen were counted, and circulating levels of @entity58 and @entity1618 were evaluated in animals stimulated with LPS. Cells from the spleen, bone marrow, and peritoneal cavity of non-inoculated animals were collected for culture to evaluate the production of @entity58 and @entity1618 after stimulating these cells with 1.25 microg of LPS in vitro. Malnourished animals presented @entity1210 and a severe reduction in bone marrow, spleen, and peritoneal cavity cellularity before and after stimulus with LPS. The circulating levels of @entity1618 were increased in malnourished animals inoculated with LPS when compared to control animals, although the levels of @entity58 did not differ. In cells cultured with LPS, we observed high levels of @entity1618 in the bone marrow cells of malnourished animals. These findings suggest that malnourished @entity19 present a deficient immune response to LPS. These alterations may be partly responsible for the @entity465 observed in these malnourished @entity19 .

title: XXXX modifies the production of @entity1618 in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a @entity19 model.

entities_list: @entity7493 :: ('MESH:D011502', 'Disease') :: ['protein-energy malnutrition', 'PEM']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['leucopenia']

answer: @entity7493 :: (MESH:D011502,Disease) :: ['Protein-energy malnutrition']


abstract: @entity3094 , @entity8697 , and @entity406 are important toxicants of cigarette smoke. Since @entity3094 is a toxicant common to both heavy @entity167 drinking and heavy cigarette smoking, protection studies were undertaken in @entity35 first against @entity3094 lethality and later against @entity8697 and @entity406 lethality. This paper summarizes findings from previously published studies. With @entity3094 (LD 90 dose/72 hrs.) protection studies were carried out by pretreatment with a high oral dose (2 mmoles/kg) of @entity462 and 17 other @entity599 compounds. Good protection (80% or more survivors) was obtained with @entity462 , @entity898 , @entity15854 . @entity5828 , @entity9732 , @entity42286 , and a combination (CTA) of @entity462 , @entity15854 . @entity5828 , and @entity620 . @entity898 , @entity42286 , and the combination CTA gave 100% protection (i.e. 100% survivors). With @entity8697 (LD 95 dose/72 hrs.), protection data showed 80% survivors with @entity462 and 95% with the combination CTA. With @entity406 (LD 95 dose/72 hrs.), protection resulted in 20% survivors with @entity462 and 55% with the combination CTA. However, protection against @entity406 lethality could be increased to 90% survivors by repeated dosing with @entity620 per se over a two day period prior to administration of @entity406 . Further animal experimentation is necessary before any extrapolation of these findings for @entity1 use can be considered. Due to current interest, the potential value of @entity898 as a protectant is also discussed.

title: Protective action of XXXX compounds against aldehyde toxicants of cigarette smoke.

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['L-cysteine']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['L-ascorbic acid']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formaldehyde']

entities_list: @entity898 :: ('MESH:D000111', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylcysteine']

entities_list: @entity9732 :: ('MESH:C005200', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium metabisulfite']

entities_list: @entity42286 :: ('CHEBI:17285', 'Chemical') :: ['L-cysteic acid']

entities_list: @entity8697 :: ('MESH:D000171', 'Chemical') :: ['acrolein']

entities_list: @entity3094 :: ('MESH:D000079', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaldehyde', 'Acetaldehyde']

answer: @entity599 :: (MESH:D013455,Chemical) :: ['sulfur']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimum treatment method for large femoral @entity79 during revision knee replacement has not been established. The purpose of the present study was to determine the initial results associated with the use of porous @entity11608 metaphyseal cones for the treatment of severe femoral @entity604 at the time of revision total knee arthroplasty. METHODS: Porous @entity11608 metaphyseal cones were implanted during twenty-four revision total knee replacements. The study group included thirteen @entity1 and eleven @entity1 with a mean age of sixty-four years at the time of the procedure. The indications for the revision procedure included @entity2096 (eleven @entity1 ), second-stage reimplantation for the treatment of @entity281 (seven @entity1 ), severe @entity3061 around a well-fixed femoral component (three @entity1 ), @entity3330 (two @entity1 ), and severe knee instability (one @entity1 ). RESULTS: The @entity1 were followed for an average of thirty-three months (range, twenty-four to fifty months). Overall, the average Knee Society clinical score improved from 55 points preoperatively to 81 points at the time of the latest follow-up. Radiographic evaluation was completed for twenty @entity1 after a mean duration of follow-up of thirty-five months. All femoral cones appeared well fixed radiographically, with no evidence of complications related to the cone. CONCLUSIONS: At the time of short-term follow-up, the porous @entity11608 metaphyseal femoral cones effectively provided structural support for the femoral implants of a revision total knee arthroplasty in this series. The potential for long-term biologic fixation may provide durability for reconstructions. Long-term follow-up and comparison with alternative reconstructive techniques will be required to evaluate the true effectiveness of this implant.

title: Early results of the use of XXXX femoral cones for revision total knee arthroplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity3330 :: ('MESH:D005264', 'Disease') :: ['periprosthetic femoral fracture']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone defects']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['deep infection']

entities_list: @entity3061 :: ('MESH:D010014', 'Disease') :: ['osteolysis']

entities_list: @entity2096 :: ('MESH:D020428', 'Disease') :: ['aseptic loosening of the femoral component']

answer: @entity11608 :: (MESH:D013635,Chemical) :: ['tantalum']


abstract: @entity1 saliva contains a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein (agglutinin) which binds to specific streptococci in a @entity460 -dependent reaction leading to the formation of bacterial aggregates. We report the cloning of a gene encoding a surface antigen from @entity885 M5 and show that the expressed protein inhibits agglutinin-mediated aggregation and specifically binds the @entity25206 in a @entity460 -dependent fashion. Clones isolated from the immunological screening of @entity885 M5 genomic libraries with polyclonal antibodies against whole cells were assayed for the ability to compete with @entity885 for agglutinin. One clone, pSSP-5, expressed antigens of 165 and 130 kilodaltons (kDa) possessing this activity. A 3-kilobase-pair (kbp) insert fragment from this clone was used to screen a genomic library in lambda EMBL3 which resulted in the isolation of clone SSP-5A. This clone contained an insert of 17 kb and expressed proteins of 170 to 205 kDa that reacted with the anti-S. sanguis antibodies. Subcloning of a 5.3-kbp EcoRI-BamHI fragment from SSP-5A produced pEB-5, which expressed streptococcal components that were indistinguishable from SSP-5A. The streptococcal antigen was purified by gel permeation and ion exchange chromatography and shown to potently compete with @entity885 M5 cells for agglutinin. The antigen also bound purified @entity25206 in the presence of 1 mM @entity3282 . This binding was inhibited by @entity1098 . Both the SSP-5 antigen and a 205-kDa protein in surface protein extracts from @entity885 M5 cross-reacted with antibodies directed against antigen B from @entity6586 and SpaA from S. sobrinus 6715. These results indicate that a 205-kDa surface protein that is antigenically related to SpaA and antigen B is involved in the binding of @entity25206 to @entity885 M5.

title: Cloning and expression of a @entity6586 sanguis surface antigen that interacts with a @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity885 :: ('1305', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus sanguis', 'S. sanguis']

entities_list: @entity25206 :: ('1755', 'Gene') :: ['salivary agglutinin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity25206 :: (1755,Gene) :: ['salivary agglutinin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Data from single-center series suggest that a delay in time to radical cystectomy (RC) more than 3 months after diagnosis of @entity150 ( @entity150 ) is associated with pathological upstaging and decreased survival. However, limited data is available from population-based studies. In this study, the effect of delayed RC was assessed in a nationwide cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 who underwent RC between 2006 and 2010 with primary clinical T2-T4N0M0 @entity150 were selected using the Netherlands Cancer Registry database. Data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry was supplemented with data from the Nationwide Network and Registry of Histo- and Cytopathology database in case of incomplete information. The cohort was divided in @entity1 who underwent RC  <=3 months (group I) vs. @entity1 who underwent RC >3 months (group II). Median time from @entity150 diagnosis to RC, variables associated with delayed RC >3 and the effect of delayed RC on staging and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) were evaluated in @entity1 who underwent neoadjuvant therapy and @entity1 who did not. RESULTS: A total of 1,782 @entity1 were included. Median follow-up time was 5.1 years for living @entity1 and 1.3 years for deceased @entity1 . Median time from @entity150 diagnosis to RC was 50 days (interquartile range: 27 days) and 93% of @entity1 underwent RC <=3 months. @entity1 older than 75 years (odds ratio [OR] = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.32-0.77), referred for RC (OR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.26-0.69), and treated in a university hospital (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.21-0.56) were less likely to undergo RC <=3 months. Pathologic upstaging rate (43.9% vs. 42.1%) and node-positive disease rate (20.2% vs. 21.7%) did not differ for group I and II. Delayed RC>3 months was not associated with decreased @entity1349 adjusting for confounding variables (hazard ratio = 1.16; 95% CI: 0.91-1.48; P = 0.25). Median time from @entity150 diagnosis to RC in @entity1 that received neoadjuvant therapy (n = 105) was 133 days (interquartile range: 62 days). Adjusting for confounding variables, delayed RC>3 months was not associated with @entity1349 (hazard ratio = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.45-1.82). CONCLUSIONS: The vast majority of @entity1 underwent RC within 3 months after diagnosis of @entity150 , as recommended in the European Association of Urology @entity150 guideline. Delayed RC for more than 3 months had no adverse effect on staging and survival.

title: The effect of the time interval between diagnosis of XXXX and radical cystectomy on staging and survival: A Netherlands Cancer Registry analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['MIBC', 'urothelial bladder cancer', 'muscle-invasive bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['muscle-invasive bladder cancer']


abstract: AIM: To describe the anal cushion lifting (ACL) method with preliminary clinical results. METHODS: Between January to September 2007, 127 @entity1 who received ACL method for @entity6713 was investigated with informed consent. In this study, three surgeons who specialized in anorectal surgery performed the procedures. @entity1 with grade two or more severe @entity6713 according to Goligher's classification were considered to be indicated for surgery. The @entity1 were given the choice to undergo either the ACL method or the ligation and excision method. ACL method is an original technique for managing @entity6713 without excision. After dissecting the anal cushion from the internal sphincter muscle, the anal cushion was lifted to oral side and ligated at the proper position. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of @entity1 were recorded including complications after surgery. RESULTS: A total of 127 @entity1 were enrolled. Their median age was 42 (19-84) years, and 74.8% were female. In addition, more than 99% of the @entity1 had grade 3 or worse @entity6713 . The median follow-up period was 26 (0-88) mo, and the median operative time was 15 (4-30) min. After surgery, analgesics were used for a median period of three days (0-21). @entity158 control was achieved using extra-oral analgesic drugs, although some @entity1 required intravenous injections of analgesic drugs. The median duration of the @entity1 ' postoperative hospital stay was 7 (2-13) d. A total of 10 complications (7.9%) occurred. Bleeding was observed in one @entity1 and was successfully controlled with manual compression. Urinary retention occurred in 6 @entity1 , but it disappeared spontaneously in all cases. Recurrent @entity6713 developed in 3 @entity1 after 36, 47, and 61 mo, respectively. No @entity850 or persistent anal @entity158 occurred. CONCLUSION: We consider that the ACL method might be better than all other current methods for managing @entity6713 .

title: Anal cushion lifting method is a novel radical management strategy for XXXX that does not involve excision or cause postoperative anal complications.

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['anal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity6713 :: ('MESH:D006484', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhoids', 'hemorrhoid']

answer: @entity6713 :: (MESH:D006484,Disease) :: ['hemorrhoids']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Trastuzumab-based therapy after diagnosis of brain metastases (BM) may improve survival due to prolonged @entity262 control. We investigated whether @entity9433 may yield additional survival benefit. METHODS: Eighty @entity1 with BM from @entity1722 -positive @entity0 were identified. Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) of at least 70 was required. We included a control group of 37 @entity1 treated before 2003, when continuation of trastuzumab after diagnosis of BM was not yet recommended. Remainders received either trastuzumab or @entity9433 and trastuzumab (either concomitantly or sequentially) with or without chemotherapy. RESULTS: Median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in @entity1 receiving trastuzumab after diagnosis of BM was 13 months; corresponding numbers were 9 months in @entity1 treated with chemotherapy, and 3 months with radiotherapy alone. Median @entity1349 was not reached in the @entity9433 group. Addition of @entity9433 prolonged @entity1349 over trastuzumab alone (P=0.002). After correction for potential confounders, @entity9433 therapy remained an independent positive predictor for survival (HR 0.279; P=0.012). INTERPRETATION: This retrospective single-centre study suggests that the introduction of @entity9433 improved survival in @entity1 with BM from @entity1722 -positive @entity0 . @entity1 with KPS >= 70 may benefit when treated with @entity9433 in addition to trastuzumab after completion of local therapy.

title: Impact of anti- @entity1722 therapy on XXXX in @entity1722 -overexpressing @entity0 @entity1 with brain metastases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity9433 :: ('MESH:C490728', 'Chemical') :: ['lapatinib']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

answer: @entity1349 :: (MESH:D011475,Disease) :: ['overall survival']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVES: Cyclooxygenase(COX) is a rate-limiting enzyme in prostaglandin synthesis. Recent study suggested that @entity2247 was associated with @entity105 . This study was designed to investigate the role of COX in the development and progression of @entity150 through examining the expression of @entity9859 and @entity2247 in @entity1 @entity150 tissue, normal bladder mucosa, and @entity2335 tissue. METHODS: Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry(Envision method) were applied to detect the mRNA and protein expression of @entity9859 and @entity2247 in @entity150 (BTCC), tissue adjacent to @entity150 , and chronic @entity2335 tissue. Furthermore, the relationship between COX expression level and @entity5 pathologic parameters was analyzed. RESULTS: Using RT-PCR, all 15 frozen specimens from @entity150 were shown to express @entity2247 mRNA, while only 1 of 5 specimens from grossly normal mucosa adjacent to @entity5 expressed @entity2247 mRNA, with significant difference. But @entity9859 mRNA was expressed constitutionally in all of the fresh @entity5 tissue samples. The immunohistochemical result was analogous to RT-PCR result. @entity2247 protein was mainly localized at cytoplasm of malignant cell (positive rate was 50%) but was not expressed in normal bladder mucosa (n = 4) and chronic @entity2335 tissues (n = 5). In contrast, @entity9859 protein was mainly localized at smooth muscle cell of normal tissue and @entity2335 tissue(positive rate was 100%) but was not expressed in @entity5 tissue. In 40 paraffin embedded specimens of BTCC, the intensity of @entity2247 expression was associated with @entity5 grade and stage. The level of @entity2247 expression was higher in grade III @entity5 , than in grade I, II @entity5 , and was higher in invasive @entity5 (T2-T4) than in superficial @entity5 (Ta-T1). CONCLUSIONS: The expression of @entity2247 mRNA and protein was enhanced in @entity1 BTCC, and was associated with the @entity5 , indicating that @entity2247 may play a key role in the development and progression of BTCC.

title: [Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in @entity1 transitional cell XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'malignant degree of the tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder transitional cell carcinoma', 'cancer, normal bladder mucosa', 'bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder carcinomas']


abstract: The use of intramedullary nailing in the @entity2045 is still controversial. Those who have experience with antegrade nailing have either great enthusiasm or strong criticism for the procedure. Criticism of the procedure is because of the @entity130 that can occur to the rotator cuff and possible @entity5818 , which can occur after antegrade nail insertion. The technique of retrograde nail insertion with the unreamed humeral nail is described in detail. In a series of 190 retrograde nailings performed in a prospective multicenter study, the most frequent intraoperative problems were fissure or @entity155 at the entry portal (n = 8; 4.2%) and secondary @entity4542 (n = 8; 4.2%). All @entity4542 recovered spontaneously. Sixty-eight @entity1 were followed up until the @entity174 healed. There were five (7.4%) bone healing problems. Four of five could be solved with use of the unreamed humeral nail in a second operative procedure, whereas the fifth bone healing problem required plate osteosynthesis. Function of the shoulder and elbow joint was excellent in 89.7% and 88.3% of the @entity1 , respectively. Retrograde humeral nailing is a safe and reliable procedure if done properly. It is a valuable stabilization technique for acute and pathologic @entity174 and for @entity1516 . Bone healing problems after unreamed humeral nailing must be analyzed individually, but they can be treated with the same implant in combination with cancellous bone grafts, reaming, additional hardware, or intrafragmentary compression.

title: Retrograde nailing of humeral shaft XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1516 :: ('MESH:D011542', 'Disease') :: ['pseudarthrosis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['upper extremity']

entities_list: @entity155 :: ('MESH:D014084', 'Disease') :: ['avulsion']

entities_list: @entity5818 :: ('MESH:D019534', 'Disease') :: ['impingement syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4542 :: ('MESH:D020425', 'Disease') :: ['radial nerve palsies', 'radial nerve palsy']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: Purpose. We present a case with @entity4917 that had unilateral mature @entity231 and @entity1715 . Case Report. A 17-year-old @entity1 with @entity4917 presented to the clinic of ophthalmology for @entity4064 in the right eye. His best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was hand motion in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Anterior segment examination revealed mature @entity231 in the right. During the physical examination, @entity3809 were noted over right side of his face, ankle, and toes. He had asymmetric face and his head was larger on the right side. Leg lengths were symmetrical, although he had @entity272 . Cranial magnetic resonance imaging studies showed @entity194 discordant to his age, asymmetric vascular dilatations in the right hemisphere, @entity1184 in the right periorbital soft tissue, and choroidal plexus. The @entity1 received an uncomplicated @entity231 surgery. His BCVA in the right eye improved to 20/200 after the surgery. After removing cataractous lens, we were able to examine the fundus that revealed severe @entity1715 and @entity3193 . Conclusion. This case emphasizes the importance of prompt ophthalmic examination in @entity1 with @entity4917 .

title: @entity231 and XXXX in a case with @entity4917 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity1715 :: ('MESH:D018630', 'Disease') :: ['vitreoretinopathy']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity3809 :: ('MESH:D019339', 'Disease') :: ['port-wine stains']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['cortical atrophy']

entities_list: @entity3193 :: ('MESH:D015862', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity4917 :: ('MESH:D007715', 'Disease') :: ['KT syndrome', 'Klippel-Trenaunay (KT) syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4064 :: ('MESH:D015354', 'Disease') :: ['low vision']

answer: @entity1715 :: (MESH:D018630,Disease) :: ['vitreoretinopathy']


abstract: @entity1360 stimulated membrane-associated protein kinase Cs (PKCs) activity in C6 @entity35 @entity11 cells as much as the potent PKCs stimulator @entity864 ( @entity865 ). However, while @entity865 , as expected, powerfully stimulated the phosphorylation of the PKCs' 85-kDa myristoylated @entity493 -rich protein kinase C substrate ( @entity28422 ) protein, @entity1360 unexpectedly did not. Instead, @entity1360 reduced the basal @entity28422 phosphorylation. Pretreating the @entity11 cells with @entity1360 prevented @entity865 -stimulated PKCs from phosphorylating the @entity28422 protein. The stimulation of membrane PKCs activity and the prevention of @entity28422 phosphorylation by @entity1360 required external @entity141 because they were both abolished by adding 5 mM @entity4527 to the culture medium. Recently (Chakravarthy, B. R., Isaacs, R. J., Morley, P., Durkin, J. P., and Whitfield, J. F. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 1362-1368), we proposed that @entity141 x calmodulin complexes block @entity28422 phosphorylation by the activated PKCs in keratinocytes stimulated by raising the external @entity141 concentration. In the present experiments calmodulin prevented @entity28422 phosphorylation by @entity865 -stimulated PKCs in @entity11 cell lysates, and this blockade was lifted by a calmodulin antagonist, the calmodulin-binding domain peptide. But, physiologically more significant, pretreating intact @entity11 cells with a cell-permeable calmodulin antagonist, @entity6106 , prevented @entity1360 from blocking @entity28422 phosphorylation by PKCs in unstimulated and @entity865 -stimulated cells. The effect of @entity1360 on @entity28422 phosphorylation was not due to the stimulation of @entity141 x calmodulin-dependent phosphoprotein phosphatase, calcineurin, because @entity205 , a potent inhibitor of this phosphatase, did not stop @entity1360 from preventing @entity28422 phosphorylation. The ability of @entity1360 to prevent @entity865 -stimulated PKCs from phosphorylating @entity28422 depended on whether @entity1360 was added before, with, or after @entity865 . Maximum blockade occurred when @entity1360 was added before @entity865 but was less effective when added with or after @entity865 . These results indicate that @entity141 x calmodulin can profoundly affect PKCs' signaling at the substrate level.

title: @entity141 x calmodulin prevents myristoylated @entity493 -rich kinase C substrate protein phosphorylation by protein kinase Cs in C6 XXXX @entity11 cells.

entities_list: @entity6106 :: ('MESH:C031938', 'Chemical') :: ['calmidazolium']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin A']

entities_list: @entity1360 :: ('MESH:D015759', 'Chemical') :: ['Ionomycin', 'ionomycin']

entities_list: @entity864 :: ('MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between intention to lose weight, actual @entity353 , and all-cause mortality among overweight individuals with @entity6 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We performed a prospective analysis among 1,401 overweight @entity6 adults aged > or =35 years sampled in the National Health Interview Survey. The previous year intention to lose weight and weight change were assessed by self-report. Nine-year mortality rates were examined according to intent to lose weight and @entity353 , which were adjusted for age, sex, education, ethnicity, smoking, initial body weight, and @entity2412 . RESULTS: Individuals trying to lose weight had a 23% lower mortality rate (hazard rate ratio [HRR] 0.77, 95% CI 0.61-0.99) than those who reported not trying to lose weight. This association was as strong for those who failed to lose weight (0.72, 0.55-0.96) as for those who succeeded in losing weight (0.83, 0.63-1.08). Trying to lose weight was beneficial for overweight (BMI 25-30 kg/m2) individuals (0.62, 0.46-0.83) but not for @entity28 (BMI>30) individuals (1.17, 0.72-1.92). Overall @entity353 , without regard to intent, was associated with an increase of 22% (1.22, 0.99-1.50) in the mortality rate. This increase was largely explained by unintentional @entity353 , which was associated with a 58% (1.58, 1.08-2.31) higher mortality rate. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight @entity6 adults trying to lose weight have a reduced risk of all-cause mortality, independent of whether they lose weight. Actual @entity353 is associated with increased mortality only if the @entity353 is unintentional.

title: Trying to lose weight, losing weight, and 9-year mortality in overweight U.S. adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2412 :: ('MESH:D048909', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes complications']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intranasal corticosteroids are effective for the treatment of @entity2023 . Sensory attributes associated with these sprays may affect @entity1 preference and adherence to treatment regimens. OBJECTIVES: These 2 studies compared @entity1 ' perceptions of and preferences for specific sensory attributes of @entity4184 aqueous nasal spray (BANS) and @entity5023 nasal spray (FPNS). METHODS: In 2 multicenter, randomized, single-blind ( @entity1 ), single-dose, 2-period, 1-day crossover studies, adults with mild to moderate @entity2023 received single doses of BANS (one 32-pg spray per nostril in both studies, 64-microg total dose) and FPNS (two 50-microg sprays per nostril in study 1, 200-pg total dose; one 50-microg spray per nostril in study 2, 100-microg total dose). Study 1 compared the once-daily recommended starting doses of BANS and FPNS, and study 2 compared BANS with half the once-daily recommended dose of FPNS to balance the number of actuations for delivery of study drug. @entity1 completed the 23-item Sensory Perceptions Questionnaire and indicated their product preference (if any). RESULTS: A total of 110 @entity1 and 71 @entity1 in study 1 and 136 @entity1 and 54 @entity1 in study 2 were randomized to treatment. None had previously used BANS or FPNS. In both studies, fewer @entity1 perceived scent or taste (both P < 0.001 in both studies), forceful spray (P < 0.001 in both studies), and a wet feel in both the nose and throat (study 1, P < 0.004; study 2, P < 0.002) with BANS than with FPNS. In addition, more @entity1 in both studies liked the spray force (study 1, P < 0.01; study 2, P < 0.001) and moisture content in the throat (study 1, P < 0.001; study 2, P < 0.006) of BANS and indicated a greater overall satisfaction with the sensory features of BANS than those of FPNS (study 1, P < 0.001; study 2, P < 0.015). In analyses that included all responding @entity1 , 54.4% of @entity1 in study 1 preferred BANS and 37.8% preferred FPNS (P < 0.022). In study 2, 47.4% preferred BANS and 41.1% preferred FPNS (not significant). Of the 92.2% of @entity1 in study 1 and 88.4% in study 2 who specified a product preference, 59.0% preferred BANS and 41.0% preferred FPNS in study 1 (P = 0.021), and 53.6% preferred BANS and 46.4% preferred FPNS in study 2 (not significant). CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of perceptions of specific sensory attributes reported after 1 administration in these 2 studies, BANS was rated as more pleasing and preferred over the recommended QD starting dose of FPNS, and was also rated as more pleasing than half the QD recommended starting dose of FPNS.

title: Two multicenter, randomized, single-blind, single-dose, crossover studies of specific sensory attributes of XXXX aqueous nasal spray and @entity5023 nasal spray.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity4184 :: ('MESH:D019819', 'Chemical') :: ['budesonide']

entities_list: @entity5023 :: ('MESH:C065382', 'Chemical') :: ['fluticasone propionate']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

answer: @entity4184 :: (MESH:D019819,Chemical) :: ['budesonide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The beneficial effects of @entity6950 in the treatment of severe @entity295 , @entity326 , and @entity295 -associated disseminated @entity5642 (DIC) have recently been reported. However, the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic benefits of @entity6950 in these conditions have not yet been clearly elucidated. The purpose of this study was to confirm the effect of @entity6950 of neutralizing histone @entity137 . METHODS: @entity35 models of histone H3-induced @entity881 were administered in a low or high dose of unfractionated @entity6950 (UFH), low-molecular-weight @entity6950 (LMWH), or @entity20806 , and the therapeutic effects of each anticoagulant were examined. In another series, the survival of the histone H3-administered animals was evaluated. Furthermore, the effect of each of the aforementioned anticoagulants on cell death induced by histone H3 was examined in cultured vascular endothelial cells and leukocytes. RESULTS: Although UFH, LMWH, and @entity20806 significantly suppressed the histone-induced decrease of the WBC and platelet counts in the animal models of @entity881 , only UFH and LMWH attenuated @entity8 . In addition, the mortality was significantly reduced only by high-dose UFH and LMWH. The in vitro study revealed that both vascular endothelial cell death and leukocyte cell death were significantly attenuated by UFH and LMWH but not by @entity20806 . CONCLUSIONS: The histone-neutralizing effect of @entity6950 may contribute to the beneficial effects of heparins observed in the animal study. The results of the in vitro study further confirmed the above contention and suggested that @entity6950 binds to histones to attenuate the cytotoxic actions of the latter. Since @entity6950 has been demonstrated to protect animals from the organ damage induced by histones and consequently reduce the mortality, administration of @entity6950 could become a treatment of choice for @entity1 suffering from severe @entity295 .

title: Heparins attenuated histone-mediated XXXX in vitro and improved the survival in a @entity35 model of histone-induced @entity881 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic and renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity20806 :: ('MESH:C031942', 'Chemical') :: ['argatroban']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['organ dysfunction']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['cytotoxicity']


abstract: Subcutaneous or i.c.v. administration of U50,488, a highly selective kappa opioid agonist, resulted in a dose-and time-dependent anticonvulsant action in rats. The anticonvulsant effect was @entity410 -specific; thus, U50,488 protected against supramaximal electroshock @entity410 but failed to raise the threshold of @entity15945 -induced @entity410 . The ED50 for s.c. U50,488 was 8.6 mg/kg, with a duration of action longer than 8 hr. In contrast, the ED50 for i.c.v. U50,488 was 103.8 micrograms, lasting approximately 1 hr. The anticonvulsant effect of U50,488 was partially antagonized by high (10.0 mg/kg), but not low (1.0 mg/kg), doses of s.c. administered @entity1510 . Results indicate that U50,488 is an efficacious, long-acting anticonvulsant against supramaximal, but not chemical threshold, @entity410 in @entity35 . Furthermore, the results with @entity1510 suggest that this effect of U50,488 is mediated by non-mu (probably kappa) binding sites. This structurally novel nonpeptide opioid may offer new insights into the development of therapeutically effective agents in the treatment of grand mal or @entity302 .

title: U50,488, a highly selective kappa opioid: anticonvulsant profile in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'convulsions']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity15945 :: ('MESH:D005481', 'Chemical') :: ['flurothyl']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['partial epilepsies']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']