abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) is a serious disease. The gut microbiota has recently been identified as a new potential risk factor in addition to well-known @entity6 risk factors. To investigate the gut microbiota composition in association with the dietary patterns in @entity1 with different @entity413 tolerance we analyzed 92 @entity1 : with normal @entity413 tolerance (n=48), @entity5710 ( @entity5710 , n=24), @entity2175 (n=20). Metagenomic analysis was performed using 16SrRNA sequencing. The diet has been studied by a frequency method with a quantitative evaluation of food intake using a computer program. Microbiota in the samples was predominantly represented by Firmicutes, in a less degree by Bacteroidetes. Blautia was a dominanting genus in all samples. The representation of Blautia, @entity34565 was lower in @entity5710 than in @entity2175 @entity1 , and even lower in those with normal @entity413 tolerance. After the clustering of the samples into groups according to the percentage of protein, fat, @entity3363 in the diet, the representation of the Bacteroides turned to be lower and Prevotella abundance turned to be higher in @entity1735 cluster. There were more @entity1 with insulin resistance, @entity2175 in the fat-protein cluster. Using the Calinski-Harabasz index identified the samples with more similar diets. It was discovered that half of the @entity1 with a high-fat diet had normal tolerance, the others had @entity2175 . The regression analysis showed that these @entity2175 @entity1 also had a higher representation of Blautia. Our study provides the further evidence concerning the structural modulation of the gut microbiota in the T2DM pathogenesis depending on the dietary patterns.

title: Gut microbiota and diet in @entity1 with different XXXX tolerance.

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['T2D', 'Type 2 diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5710 :: ('MESH:D011236', 'Disease') :: ['prediabetes', 'preD']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Very few studies describe the demographic and social profile of @entity302 in vulnerable low-income populations. METHODS: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study prospectively recording data from all @entity1 diagnosed with @entity302 who attended a specialist neurology consultation between January and March 2014. Data were analysed using descriptive epidemiology tools. RESULTS: A total of 107 @entity1 were evaluated, of whom 24.2% were illiterate and only 10.2% had completed a higher education programme. Most of the @entity1 (86.8%) had a low socioeconomic status; 73.8% were single and 76.7% were employed. The main risk factors for @entity302 in this population were recorded as follows: delayed psychomotor development (n=24, 22.4%), @entity542 (n=16, 14.9%), and @entity4767 (n=13, 12.1%). Most @entity1 (70.1%) responded to antiepileptic drugs (controlled cases) and 15.4% (n=15) had @entity302 (refractory cases). CONCLUSION: The demographic and clinical profiles of the @entity1 included in this study resemble those published for high-income populations; differences are mostly limited to aetiological classification and risk factors. The social profile of the @entity1 evaluated in this study shows high rates of unemployment, illiteracy, and single marital status. These findings seem to be more frequent and prevalent in this group than in high income populations.

title: Demographic and social profile of XXXX in a vulnerable low-income population in Bogot  , Colombia.

entities_list: @entity4767 :: ('MESH:D002494', 'Disease') :: ['central nervous system infection']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy', 'drug-resistant epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of @entity3505 dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) and fibrolytic enzymes (FE) on ruminal fermentation, in situ ruminal and in vivo total tract digestibility, growth performance, and feeding behavior of growing beef @entity291 . In Exp. 1, 6 ruminally cannulated Angus heifers (average BW of 794    44.2 kg) were used in a 6 * 6 Latin square design with 2 * 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Treatments were a control diet consisting of 50% @entity2247 silage, 10% grass hay, and 40% @entity2247 grain-based concentrate (CON) and the CON with 15% DDGS substituted for @entity2247 grain (WDG) combined with either 0, 1, or 2 mL FE/kg diet @entity3918 , respectively. Inclusion of DDGS increased total tract digestibility of @entity2723 ( < 0.01), NDF ( = 0.04), and ADF ( = 0.03). Increasing FE linearly ( = 0.03) increased @entity2723 digestibility without affecting the digestibility of other nutrients. There were no effects of DDGS inclusion or FE on ruminal pH or VFA concentration except that @entity4919 was greater ( = 0.04) with the WDG. In situ ruminal @entity3918 and NDF disappearance of @entity2247 silage was greater ( < 0.04) in heifers fed the WDG than in heifers fed the CON after 24 h of incubation. Increasing FE linearly ( = 0.03) increased in situ NDF disappearance of @entity2247 silage after 24 h of incubation. In Exp. 2, 120 weaned steers (initial BW of 289    11.0 kg) were fed diets similar to those in Exp. 1. The steers fed the WDG had greater ( < 0.01) final BW, ADG, DMI, and G:F compared with steers fed the CON. Increasing FE did not alter ADG or G:F but tended ( < 0.07) to linearly decrease DMI. There were interactions ( < 0.02) between DDGS and FE on eating rate and the time spent at the feed bunk. Supplementing FE decreased ( < 0.01) time at the bunk and increased ( < 0.01) eating rate for steers fed the WDG but not for steers fed the CON. Eating rate ( < 0.01) and meal frequency ( = 0.02) were greater but eating duration was shorter ( < 0.01) for steers fed the WDG than for those fed the CON. These results indicate that inclusion of @entity3505 DDGS in a growing diet increased total tract digestibility of NDF and @entity2723 and improved the feed efficiency of steers. Moreover, supplementation of FE in @entity2247 silage-based growing diets may also have the potential to increase profits, with the evidence of the trend for a decline on @entity9956 without decreasing ADG when adding FE.

title: Effect of XXXX dried distillers grains with solubles and fibrolytic enzymes on ruminal fermentation, digestibility, growth performance, and feeding behavior of beef @entity291 .

entities_list: @entity4919 :: ('CHEBI:17272', 'Chemical') :: ['propionate']

answer: @entity3505 :: (4565,Species) :: ['wheat']


abstract: In intact neonatal piglets, two strains of enterotoxigenic @entity526 ( @entity17052 ), which could adhere to epithelial cells and thus colonize the small intestine, attracted greater numbers of neutrophils into the lumen and wall of the intestine than did a nonenteropathogenic strain of @entity526 . Ligated loops of small intestine in 8-week-old @entity1707 were used in attempts to identify the attributes of @entity17052 involved in stimulating an increased enteroluminal migration of neutrophils. A nonenteropathogenic strain of @entity526 did not attract neutrophils into the intestinal lumen in this model. However, three of the five @entity17052 strains tested did so. The three positive strains all produced heat-stable enterotoxin type b (STb). Neither of the negative @entity17052 strains produced STb. An STb-containing culture supernatant prepared from a strain of @entity526 which contained an STb plasmid did not attract significantly more neutrophils than did a control supernatant prepared from the same strain of @entity526 without the plasmid. The @entity17052 strains which attracted neutrophils in loops did not associate intimately with loop villi more consistently, nor did they grow to higher numbers in loops than strains which did not. It was concluded that there are increased numbers of neutrophils in the intestinal lumen during @entity17052 infection of newborn @entity1707 . However, attempts to identify the attribute(s) of @entity17052 responsible for eliciting enteroluminal neutrophils were not successful.

title: Elicitation of enteroluminal neutrophils by enterotoxigenic and nonenterotoxigenic strains of XXXX in @entity1707 .

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: We compared chromosome 8 and 11 aneuploidies on bladder biopsy @entity5 tissues and bladder washing @entity1606 ( @entity1606 ) and their relationship to @entity5 malignancy. Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was applied to nuclei of washing material and biopsy samples of 17 @entity1 with @entity1606 . Incidence of cells having @entity2007 was clearly nonrandom from @entity1 to @entity1 . There was no significant difference in the incidence of aneuploid frequency for chromosomes 8 and 11 between biopsies of @entity150 and bladder washing samples (P > 0.05). For chromosome 8, incidence of disomic cells (having two signals) in @entity5 was significantly lower than in grade II @entity5 of both washing samples (P = 0.004) and biopsy materials (P = 0.005), indicating a high frequency of @entity2007 . The incidence of nuclei with four or more than four signals of chromosome 8 was significantly higher in @entity5 than in grade II @entity5 in washing samples (P = 0.031 and 0.003, respectively). Similarly, in biopsy material, the incidence of nuclei with more than four signals of chromosome 8 was significantly higher in @entity5 than in grade II @entity5 (P = 0.004). For chromosome 11, in both washing samples and biopsy materials, the incidence of disomic cells (having two signals) in @entity5 was significantly lower than that detected in grade II @entity5 (P = 0.031 and 0.014, respectively), indicating a high frequency of @entity2007 . In biopsy materials, the incidence of nuclei with three or four signals was significantly higher than that in grade II @entity5 (P = 0.014 and 0.012, respectively). These findings suggest that FISH analysis of bladder washing samples can be effectively detected as genetic changes of @entity150 . It might predict genetic progression of these @entity5 , which might be related to @entity5 stage, because higher stages of @entity5 showed a higher incidence of aneuploidies of chromosomes 8 and 11.

title: Evaluation of chromosome 8 and 11 aneuploidies in washings and biopsy materials of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploidy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'grade III tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['TCC', 'samples of transitional cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumors']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder transitional cell carcinoma']


abstract: Staging in @entity263 , as in any other @entity5 has significant ramifications in management. Currently, @entity1486 ( @entity1486 ) determination and the bone scan are two important procedures in the pretreatment staging workup of @entity263 . @entity1486 is a very useful serum tumor marker in the management of @entity263 @entity1 . We retrospectively evaluated 90 @entity1 at the time of initial diagnosis of @entity263 , all of whom had initial @entity1486 levels measured, as well as bone scans obtained. In addition to the @entity1486 level, we considered clinical stage and pathologic grade in the prediction of bone scan for @entity3 , at the time of initial diagnosis of @entity263 . Negative predictive value for @entity1486 values < 10 ng/ml (27 @entity1 ), clinical stage A (9 @entity1 ) and pathologic grade 1 (19 @entity1 ) was 100%. The number of @entity1 with bone scan evidence of @entity3 with < 10 ng/ml and > 10 ng/ml @entity1486 levels were 0% (0/27 @entity1 ) and 27% (17/63 @entity1 ) (p = .0022 [Fisher's Exact test]; p = .003 [chi-square test]). In @entity1 with higher stage (p = .688), grade (p = .039), or @entity1486 levels (p = .0001), the incidence of bone @entity3 increased. However, none of these three parameters can predict reliably bone scan evidence of @entity3 (i.e., positive predictive value). The negative predictive values did not improve when a combination of the two or three of the above parameters were used.

title: Can @entity1486 levels predict bone scan evidence of XXXX in newly diagnosed @entity263 ?

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['PSA', 'prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: Increases in pancreatic enzyme levels after cardiovascular surgery were studied, and their clinical characteristics evaluated. The subjects were 128 @entity1 who had undergone cardiovascular surgery (65 @entity1 after valve replacement, 32 after coronary bypass surgery and 31 after aortic artificial graft replacement). The pancreatic enzyme (serum amylase and lypase) levels were monitored serially before and after operation, and amylase fractions were measured at their peaks. The relationships of the peak lypase level with underlying @entity299 , background factors, factors related to surgery, factors related to the extracorporeal circulation, presence or absence of symptoms, and treatments were examined. The amylase level exhibited biphasic changes consisting of a peak in which salivary glands amylase (S type) was dominant and a peak in which pancreatic amylase (P type) was dominant. The second peak coincided with the peak lypase and occurred mostly 3 to 10 days after operation. The peak lypase level exceeded the normal range in 78% of all the @entity1 . It exceeded 564 U/l, 4 times the normal value in 28% of the @entity1 , many of whom were symptomatic. So, we recommended that these cases should be treated as "postoperative @entity788 ". A high peak lypase level showed a significant correlation with the history of gallbladder and @entity660 and @entity6 among the background factors and emergency operation and the use of IABP among the surgery-related factors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Clinical characteristics of XXXX after cardiovascular surgery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac diseases']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: Simple clinical data, available in all coronary care units, were recorded in 1,013 consecutive @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ). In order to identify the @entity1 at highest and lowest risk of mortality during hospital stay, a prognostic index was established from a stepwise logistic discriminant analysis of 10 clinical variables obtained at admission in a consecutive series of 477 @entity1 hospitalized in 1 of 2 coronary care units admitting new @entity1 on alternate days and treating them similarly. This prognostic index was applied to a comparison group of 536 consecutive @entity1 admitted to the other coronary care unit. In the experimental group, 57 of the 477 @entity1 (12%) died during hospital stay; 60 of the 536 @entity1 (11%) died in the comparison group. As individual variables, age, previous history of @entity583 , anterior site and left ventricular function on admission were associated with increased mortality. Three variables were selected from the stepwise logistic discriminant analysis of the experimental group: age; site (anterior = 1, other = 0); and grade of left ventricular function (0 to 4). Prognostic index = 5.9019 - 0.8961 function - 0.5708 location - 0.0369 age. This index was validated in the comparison group. @entity1 were allocated into different classes with increasing index values associated with decreasing risk. Three subgroups of @entity1 were identified: high risk of hospital mortality (index less than or equal to 1; mortality: 51%), intermediate risk (index 1 to 3; mortality: 18%) and low risk (index greater than 3; mortality: 4%). The use of this simple prognostic index may improve clinical management and selection of @entity1 for intervention trials.

title: Short-term risk stratification at admission based on simple clinical data in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Long-term administration of opiates in @entity1 with chronic @entity158 (CNCP) is subject to debate due to insufficient clinical evidence to support efficacy and tolerability. METHODS: This retrospective analysis used hospital records to investigate the effects of low doses of the combination of @entity1288 / @entity1443 on CNCP in an outpatient clinic setting to verify adherence to therapy and long-term efficacy. All @entity1 receiving therapy for CNCP were examined between May and September 2010 and information was collected on medication, duration of therapy, and static and @entity158 measured using numeric rating scales (NRS) from relevant charts. RESULTS: Two hundred and thirty-one @entity1 (157 @entity1 , 68%) with a mean (   SD) age of 66.4  15.5 years were analyzed. @entity158 indexes at baseline revealed a mean (   SD) static NRS (sNRS) of 3.5  1.77 and a mean dynamic NRS (dNRS) of 7.24  1.33. At last follow-up, mean (   SD) @entity158 reductions versus baseline were 1.58  1.42 for sNRS and 3.04  1.43 for dNRS (P<0.0001 for both). Regarding the duration of therapy, 54 @entity1 (23.4%) were treated for <4 months, and 177 @entity1 (76.6%) for 4 months up to 23 months. @entity158 reduction was significant in all groups (P<0.0001) but was greatest in @entity1 who had been receiving therapy for >= 4 months. Improvements in @entity158 relief were not associated with an increase in daily dose, which remained stable or decreased slightly over time. DISCUSSION: The results of this study support the hypothesis that an opiate-based combination at low doses improves tolerability and adherence and results in @entity1 obtaining long-term efficacy. Larger studies of the use of opiates in this setting and clinical monitoring on the regional and national level may convince clinicians to view opiates as efficacious analgesics and not as dangerous substances of abuse.

title: Adherence and long-term effect of @entity1288 / XXXX in chronic @entity158 : a retrospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol']

entities_list: @entity1288 :: ('MESH:D010098', 'Chemical') :: ['oxycodone']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['noncancer pain', 'Pain', 'pain', 'dynamic pain']

answer: @entity1443 :: (MESH:D000082,Chemical) :: ['paracetamol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prophylactic use of cranial radiation therapy (CRT) in young @entity1 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ) is associated with significant long-term morbidity. Therefore, current treatment protocols for pediatric B-precursor @entity981 have abandoned prophylactic CRT in favor of intrathecal chemotherapy, combined with either high-dose @entity1499 infusions ( @entity2033 - @entity1500 ) or intensive systemic chemotherapy. In contrast, prophylactic CRT continues to be used in @entity1 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ), who historically have had an inferior prognosis. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to determine the effect on survival of substituting @entity2033 - @entity1500 for CRT in young @entity1 with @entity981 , a group that faces a high risk of long-term sequelae from CRT. PROCEDURE: Twenty-six @entity1 , diagnosed with @entity981 between the ages of 1 and 5 years, were treated on the same high-risk @entity1778 protocol. Central nervous system (CNS) directed therapy consisted of either CRT (1,800 cGy) or @entity2033 - @entity1500 (three doses of 8 g/m2), depending on the treatment era in which @entity1 were diagnosed. RESULTS: Of the 24 @entity1 who entered remission, 12 received CRT and 12 received @entity2033 - @entity1500 . Five-year event-free survival (EFS) (+/-SE) was 92 +/- 8% in the @entity2033 - @entity1500 group versus 75 +/- 13% in the CRT group (P=0.23). Five-year overall survival (OS) was 100% in the @entity2033 - @entity1500 group versus 75 +/- 13% in the CRT group (P=0.07). There were no CNS recurrences in the @entity2033 - @entity1500 group. One @entity1 treated with CRT developed a @entity1313 . CONCLUSIONS: The use of @entity2033 - @entity1500 instead of CRT as CNS-directed therapy in very young @entity1 with @entity981 does not compromise survival, while avoiding the adverse long-term effects of cranial irradiation.

title: CNS-directed therapy in young XXXX with @entity981 : High-dose methotrexate versus cranial irradiation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['T-ALL', 'ALL', 'T-lineage ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the past decade, several studies have focused on the treatment needs of female inmates with @entity734 problems. An important finding has been that these @entity1 are more likely to report histories of sexual, physical, and emotional abuse-at rates varying from 77% to 90%. The @entity130 resulting from this kind of abuse is a key contributing factor in @entity146 in adolescence and subsequent delinquency, @entity734 , and criminality in adulthood. METHODS: This was a retrospective clinical study. A convenience sample of 112 @entity1 who entered the program's treatment groups consecutively for one year form part of the study. Information on traumatic events was obtained using some questions from the Initial @entity130 Review. It explores whether the @entity1 experienced physical abuse, @entity458 , disasters, automobile accidents, or witnessed violence under the age of 18. It also examines experiences as an adult, including @entity458 , attacks by others who are not intimate partners, and abuse by authorities. RESULTS: Revictimization in @entity458 was found in 78.1% of @entity1 . Significant differences were identified between @entity1 who had experienced a traumatic sexual event from a @entity1 five years their senior before the age of 18 and then suffered from @entity458 as an adult, and @entity1 who had never undergone either of these events (x(2)   =   11.3, df 112/1, p   =   <.001). In physical abuse, the figure was 82.17%. Differences were observed between @entity1 who were revictimized through physical abuse before and after the age of 18 (x(2)   =   5.91, df 112/1, p   =   <.01), and those who had not experienced any kind of revictimization. Significant differences were found between @entity1 who had suffered a traumatic sexual event as a @entity1 and subsequently physical violence from their parents, and @entity1 who had not undergone either of these events (x(2)   =   3.48, df 112/1, p   =   <.05). CONCLUSIONS: Investment in treatment in these areas during the prison sentence and after release may contribute to preventing these @entity1 from become repeat offenders. Creating sources of work and halfway houses that continue the program to prevent relapses into substance use can help defend the @entity1 rights of this group of @entity1 and achieve social justice.

title: Traumatic experiences and re-victimization of female inmates undergoing treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'human', 'participant', 'person', 'child']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral problems']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual abuse', 'sexual violence', 'sexual and physical abuse']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance abuse']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity734 :: (MESH:D019966,Disease) :: ['substance abuse']


abstract: Ductlike tubular complexes in @entity8629 -induced @entity788 and @entity3952 -induced @entity3210 were studied to analyze further their origin and development. Immunocytochemistry for pancreatic enzymes, lectin-binding studies, and ultrastructural investigations were combined with autoradiographic quantitation of labeling indices of ductlike cells in tubular complexes. In one group of @entity35 , @entity788 was induced by infusion of @entity8629 (10 micrograms kg-1 h-1). In a second group, @entity3210 was induced by intraductal injection of @entity3952 (50 microliters). The investigations were carried out at distinct intervals following induction of @entity660 . In both groups of animals, after 3 days, a significant widening of acinar lumina was paralleled by a decreasing height of acinar cells, which showed pronounced retrogressive changes. At this time, acinar cells bound all of the lectins used and retained their immunoreactivity for @entity9112 . At further intervals, acinar structures formed typical ductlike complexes, with a progressive loss of immunoreactivity for pancreatic enzymes and a reduced lectin-binding for @entity8689 and @entity10811 . Autoradiographic quantitation demonstrated no significant labeling of acinar cells undergoing tubular dedifferentiation. In both models, tubular complexes were removed by macrophages. It is concluded that lining cells in tubular complexes represent degenerating acinar cells that have no regenerative potency and have lost their secretory and membrane characteristics.

title: Tubular complexes in @entity8629 - and @entity3952 -induced @entity788 in XXXX : glycoconjugate pattern, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural findings.

entities_list: @entity9112 :: ('291437(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['amylase, trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, and lipase']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity3952 :: ('MESH:D019301', 'Chemical') :: ['oleic acid']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic injury']

entities_list: @entity3210 :: ('MESH:D010188', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity8629 :: ('MESH:D002108', 'Chemical') :: ['cerulein']

entities_list: @entity10811 :: ('CHEBI:28800', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylgalactosamine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of @entity14 ( @entity14 ) in young Jordanians and to compare the clinical and pathological characteristics with those in older @entity1 and with those in high risk populations. METHODS: Clinical and pathological data of all the @entity1 with @entity14 managed at Princess Basma Teaching Hospital, Irbid, Jordan over a 10 year period (January 1990 through December 1999) were recorded. The @entity1 were divided according to age into group one (those <40 years) and group 2 (> 40 years). The 2 groups were compared regarding sex, predisposing conditions, @entity5 stage at presentation, @entity5 differentiation, @entity3558 secretion, @entity5 invasion, presentation with complications and @entity5 location. The data were compared with those of "high risk" Western populations and with the few reports coming from "low risk" populations, mainly from Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Egypt. RESULTS: Out of 202 @entity1 evaluated, 4 were excluded. Group 1 constituted 20.2% of the @entity1 , 17.5% of them have predisposing conditions. Comparison between group 1 and 2 revealed the following: female sex (65% versus 50.6%, p=0.104), advanced stages at presentation (65% versus 41%, p=0.005), @entity5 (50% versus 39.2%) and right side @entity5 (15% versus 29.1%) (p=0.18). Mucinous and signet ring @entity5 (30% versus 15.8%, p=0.04), poor @entity5 differentiation (20% versus 18.3%, p=0.78) and presentation with complications (21% versus 22.2%, p=0.96). CONCLUSION: The incidence of @entity14 in young Jordanians was much higher than high risk populations. Half of the @entity5 were rectal. Young @entity1 have more advanced stage and more @entity3558 secreting @entity5 . The relative high frequency and frequency of predisposing conditions calls for family screening and surveillance in the presence of predisposing conditions.

title: @entity14 in young XXXX under 40 years of age. Comparison with old @entity1 in a well defined Jordanian population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The transcription of neurotrophic factors, i.e., @entity664 ( @entity664 ) and @entity2136 ( @entity2136 ) is regulated by glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation despite the lack of a classical glucocorticoid response element in their promoter region. A time course for @entity2819 (10 mg/kg, s.c.) in adrenalectomized @entity35 revealed a peak hormone effect at the 4 hr time interval for @entity664 (110-204% increase), @entity2136 (53-67% decrease), GR (53-64% decrease), and MR (34-56% decrease) mRNA levels in all hippocampal subregions using in situ hybridization. @entity5019 mRNA levels were affected exclusively in the dentate gyrus after 50 min to 2 hr (38-46% decrease). Furthermore, it was evaluated whether @entity2819 regulation of these genes depends on interactions with the transcription factor complex @entity19505 . @entity5019 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides were injected into the dorsal hippocampus of adrenalectomized @entity35 . @entity2819 was given 2 hr later, and the effects on gene expression were measured 4 hr later. In @entity1249 , antisense treatment significantly and selectively enhanced the hormone action on the expression of @entity664 (44% enhanced increase) and @entity2136 (38% enhanced decrease) versus control oligodeoxynucleotide treatment. In addition, an upregulation of @entity5019 expression (89% increase) was found. There were no effects of @entity5019 antisense on hippocampal GR and MR expression. Thus it seems that a tonic @entity5019 mechanism exists within @entity1249 , which reduces GR- and MR-mediated effects on expression of @entity664 and @entity2136 .

title: @entity5019 reduces @entity2819 -mediated effects on neurotrophic factor expression in the @entity35 hippocampal XXXX region.

entities_list: @entity2136 :: ('24225(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['BDNF', 'brain-derived neurotrophic factor']

entities_list: @entity664 :: ('54250(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['bFGF', 'basic fibroblast growth factor']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['Corticosterone', 'corticosterone']

answer: @entity1249 :: (310218(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['CA1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peritoneal @entity2615 is a @entity395 with poor prognosis. The present study reports single center experience with @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with @entity901 (HIPEC-OX) over an eight-year period. METHODS: Prospectively collected data of all consecutive @entity1 with epithelial or multicystic peritoneal @entity2615 from August 2004 to October 2012 was analyzed. @entity1 with @entity1358 or biphasic peritoneal @entity2615 were not included due to general poor prognosis. Treatment consisted in @entity1104 and HIPEC-OX (460  mg/m(2)) at 43    C during 30  min. For statistical analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted and compared using log-rank tests. Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to analyze the influence of different variables on survival. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity1 with peritoneal @entity2615 underwent laparotomy with @entity1104 and HIPEC-OX with curative intent (15 epithelial, and 4 multicystic). Mean follow-up was 36.7 months. The estimated one-year and three-year overall survival rates were respectively 100% and 91%. The estimated one-year and three-year disease-free survival rates were respectively 77% and 50%. Complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification [1] and major complications occurred in 57% of cases. There was no postoperative mortality. Histological grade was not a prognostic factor of disease-free survival (p  =  0.37). CONCLUSION: When comparing survival results as well as morbidity-mortality rates, the present study shows that @entity1104 and HIPEC-OX is a valid treatment for peritoneal @entity2615 .

title: Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with XXXX for peritoneal @entity2615 : Preliminary results and survival analysis.

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomatoid']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disease']

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['CRS', 'cytoreductive surgery']

answer: @entity901 :: (MESH:C030110,Chemical) :: ['oxaliplatin']


abstract: Frequency and diagnostic significance of two @entity2631 -specific antinuclear antibodies were examined in 104 @entity1 with progressive @entity785 (PSS). Antibodies against an antigen in the centromere region of chromosomes (centromere antibodies) were demonstrated by indirect immuno-fluorescence on HEp-2 cells in 18 @entity1 (17%) and antibodies against Scl-70 nucleoprotein (Scl-70 antibodies) by gel precipitation with soluble nuclear extracts (ENA) in 21 @entity1 (20%). In none of the @entity1 did both antibodies occur. In @entity1 with Scl-70 antibodies severe @entity221 was predominant with extensive @entity1463 in 86%, lung involvement in 85% and joint involvement in 89%. Humoral inflammatory signs were marked in this group. @entity1 with centromere antibodies predominantly had acroscleroderma (56%) with subcutaneous @entity730 (83%) and @entity8721 (83%), as known from the @entity4067 . Humoral immune phenomena were rare. With regard to @entity2407 , involvement of the oesophagus, age and the duration of disease, there was no difference between the two groups. On the other hand, in @entity1 with centromere antibodies lung involvement (22%) and joint involvement (35%) was significantly less common (P less than 0.01) than in all other @entity2631 patients. Centromere antibodies and Scl-70 antibodies, which can be demonstrated already in the symptom-poor early phase of PSS, can thus be used as diagnostic parameters for different forms of PSS with differences in the degree of skin and organ involvement.

title: [Centromere antibodies and antibodies against Scl 70 nucleoprotein in progressive XXXX . Diagnostic and prognostic significance].

entities_list: @entity8721 :: ('MESH:D013684', 'Disease') :: ['telangiectasias']

entities_list: @entity2407 :: ('MESH:D011928', 'Disease') :: ["Raynaud's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity4067 :: ('MESH:D017675', 'Disease') :: ['CREST syndrome']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcinosis']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic scleroderma']

answer: @entity785 :: (MESH:D012595,Disease) :: ['systemic scleroderma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The non-operative management of blunt @entity409 can be applied in almost 80% of @entity1 with this @entity130 , with the advantages of the need for fewer blood transfusions, less @entity1320 , and a better survival rate, than with the operative approach. However, @entity5572 , as a known complication of the non-operative management of blunt @entity409 , is discussed infrequently. Therefore, we herein review our experience and describe this complication in detail. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1995 to 2001, 674 @entity1 were admitted to our hospital due to blunt @entity99 . Among these @entity1 , 279 underwent laparotomy and the remaining 395 @entity1 were treated non-operatively. Twenty-two @entity1 were identified as having @entity5572 , with 16 of them belonging to the operative group, and six to the non-operative group. A retrospective review of these six @entity1 and their characteristics, as well as pathogenesis, diagnosis, and the management of the liver abscesses, was conducted. RESULTS: These six @entity1 were all male, with a median age of 19.5 years (range 3-24). The median injury severity score was 16.5 (range 9-25); three @entity1 sustained grade-3 @entity99 , and the other three were grade 4. The main diagnostic tool was abdominal computed tomography, and the abscesses took a median of 6 days (range 1-12) to form and be diagnosed. The abscesses were usually caused by infection from mixed organisms, and an abscess resulting from @entity8466 developed within 1 day after injury. These abscesses were treated with antibiotics and drainage, and the median length of hospital stay was 26 days (range 8-44), without mortality or long-term morbidity. CONCLUSION: @entity5572 as a complication of the non-operative management of blunt @entity99 is a rare entity, with an incidence of 1.5% (6/395). It is usually seen in severe @entity99 (grade 3 and above), but all our @entity1 were all treated successfully, with no mortality. However, prolonged hospitalization may be required in this @entity1 group.

title: XXXX after non-operative management of blunt @entity99 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5572 :: ('MESH:D008100', 'Disease') :: ['Liver abscess', 'liver abscess']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver trauma']

entities_list: @entity8466 :: ('MESH:D003015', 'Disease') :: ['Clostridium infection']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic injury', 'liver injury', 'hepatic trauma']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['type of injury']

answer: @entity5572 :: (MESH:D008100,Disease) :: ['Liver abscess']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Superselective ophthalmic artery chemotherapy (SOAC) has recently been proposed as an alternative to intravenous chemoreduction for @entity995 . Preliminary results appear promising in terms of @entity5 control and eye conservation, but little is known regarding @entity2194 and visual prognosis. In this study, we report on the vascular adverse effects observed in our initial cohort of 13 @entity1 . METHODS: The charts of 13 consecutive @entity1 with @entity995 who received a total of 30 injections (up to 3 injections of a single agent per @entity1 at 3-week interval) of melphalan (0.35 mg/kg) in the ophthalmic artery between November 2008 and June 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. RetCam fundus photography and @entity941 angiography were performed at presentation and before each injection. Vision was assessed at the latest visit. RESULTS: Enucleation and external beam radiotherapy could be avoided in all cases but one, with a mean follow-up of 7 months. Sectoral @entity432 leading to @entity5066 was observed temporally in 2 eyes (15%) 3 weeks to 6 weeks after the beginning of @entity989 in 1 eye 2 weeks after injection. There was no @entity64 or other clinically significant systemic side effects except a perioperative transient @entity3538 in one @entity1 . Vision ranged between 20/1600 and 20/32 depending on the status of the macula. CONCLUSION: Superselective ophthalmic artery chemotherapy was effective in all @entity1 with no @entity64 or other @entity455 . Unlike intravenous chemoreduction, SOAC is associated with potentially sight-threatening adverse effects, such as severe @entity5066 secondary to subacute @entity732 , not to mention the risk of ophthalmic @entity432 , which was not observed in this series. Further analysis of the risks and benefits of SOAC will define its role within the therapeutic arsenal. Meanwhile, we suggest that SOAC should be given in one eye only and restricted to advanced cases of @entity995 , as an alternative to enucleation and/or external beam radiotherapy.

title: Occurrence of sectoral @entity432 and retinal arteriolar embolization after superselective ophthalmic artery chemotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5066 :: ('MESH:C566236', 'Disease') :: ['chorioretinal atrophy']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['systemic vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity3538 :: ('MESH:D002341', 'Disease') :: ['spasm of the internal carotid artery']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['SOAC and retinal arteriolar emboli']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery obstruction', 'choroidal occlusive vasculopathy']

entities_list: @entity732 :: ('MESH:D015356', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal occlusive vasculopathy or central retinal artery embolism']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['advanced intraocular retinoblastoma', 'retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity995 :: (MESH:D012175,Disease) :: ['advanced intraocular retinoblastoma']


abstract: Study Objectives: To investigate the correlates of @entity25 and to assess @entity837 treatment effects of @entity308 on @entity25 in @entity1 with @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ). Design: A cross-sectional study in @entity1 with @entity1187 within 2 w post- @entity1187 , and a 24-w double-blind controlled trial of @entity837 against placebo for @entity1 with @entity1187 who have comorbid @entity308 . Setting: A university hospital in South Korea. @entity1 : There were 1,152 @entity1 with @entity1187 who were consecutively recruited. Of 446 @entity1 with comorbid @entity308 , 300 were randomized to the trial. Measurements and Results: Sleep disturbance was evaluated by the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire. Demographic and clinical characteristics were assessed, including cardiovascular risk factors, current @entity299 , and @entity308 . @entity308 were most strongly and consistently associated with @entity25 . In addition, older age, female sex, @entity101 , and more severe @entity1187 status were associated with certain aspects of @entity25 . @entity837 was significantly superior to placebo for improving @entity25 over the 24-w treatment period. These effects were substantially explained by improvement in @entity308 . Conclusions: @entity308 screening is indicated in @entity1 with @entity1187 with @entity25 . Successful treatment of @entity308 has beneficial effects on sleep outcomes in these @entity1 .

title: Correlates and @entity837 Treatment Effects on Sleep Disturbance in @entity1 With XXXX : K-DEPACS and EsDEPACS.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive disorders', 'depressive symptoms', 'depression', 'Depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity837 :: ('MESH:D015283', 'Chemical') :: ['escitalopram', 'Escitalopram']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac status']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disturbance']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['Acute Coronary Syndrome']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Ulcers of lower legs are the most bothersome complication of @entity4096 ( @entity4096 ). AIM: To assess the effectiveness of endovascular fluoroscopically guided sclerotherapy for the treatment of @entity3179 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-eight limbs in 35 @entity1 with @entity3179 were treated with guided sclerotherapy under the control of fluoroscopy. @entity1 with @entity1066 in the course of @entity4096 , with and without features of past @entity1150 , were qualified for the study. Doppler ultrasound and dynamic venography with mapping of venous flow were performed. Ambulatory venous pressure measurements, leg circumference and varicography were performed just before and following the procedure. RESULTS: In 84% of cases, @entity1066 were treated successfully and healed. @entity1 with @entity715 (n = 17) healed in 13 (76.5%) cases, whereas @entity1 without @entity715 (n = 21) healed in 19 (90.5%) cases. The mean time of healing of an @entity1066 for all @entity1 was 83 days (in the first group it was 121 days and in the second group 67 days). Recurrence of an @entity1066 was observed in 10 limbs: 6 cases in the first group and 4 cases in the second group. Occurrence of @entity1150 associated with the procedure was not observed. Temporary complications were reported but none giving a serious clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular fluoroscopically guided sclerotherapy can be an alternative method of treatment of @entity3179 , especially in situations when surgical procedures or other options of treatment are impossible.

title: A new option for endovascular treatment of leg XXXX caused by @entity4096 with fluoroscopically guided sclerotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulcers', 'non-healing ulcers']

entities_list: @entity3179 :: ('MESH:D014647', 'Disease') :: ['venous ulcers', 'crural venous ulcers']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity4096 :: ('MESH:D014689', 'Disease') :: ['CVI', 'chronic venous insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['post-thrombotic syndrome']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['ulcers']


abstract: Background. Whether or not the familial form of @entity3557 is more @entity146 than the sporadic form of the disease remains controversial. Methods. To explore this question and whether or not increased @entity146 is more apparent in families with multiple affected members, we performed a chi square by trend analysis on our @entity1 clinical and pathologic data comparing: first degree families with three or more affected members versus first degree families with two affected members versus sporadic cases of @entity3557 . Results. No statistically significant trends were seen for any presenting surgical pathology parameter, age at presentation, length of follow-up or gender distribution. The familial groups exhibited significant trends for higher rates of reoperation (P = 0.05) and/or requiring additional radioactive @entity1496 therapy (P = 0.03), distant @entity3 (P = 0.003) and @entity204 (P = 0.01). These @entity146 features were most apparent in certain families with three or more affected members. Conclusions. Using the chi square by trend analysis, a significant trend was seen for the familial form of @entity3557 to possess more @entity146 features than the sporadic disease. Prompt recognition of the familial nature of the disease may provide earlier diagnosis and treatment in similarly affected family members.

title: XXXX : a retrospective analysis.

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma', 'papillary thyroid cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive', 'aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity3557 :: (MESH:C536915,Disease) :: ['Familial papillary thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: This study aimed to determine the long-term functional, clinical and radiological outcomes in @entity1 with Schatzker IV to VI @entity174 of the tibial plateau treated with an Ilizarov frame. Clinical, functional and radiological assessment was carried out at a minimum of one year post-operatively. A cohort of 105 @entity1 (62 @entity1 , 43 @entity1 ) with a mean age of 49 years (15 to 87) and a mean follow-up of 7.8 years (1 to 19) were reviewed. There were 18 type IV, 10 type V and 77 type VI @entity174 . All @entity174 united with a mean time to union of 20.1 weeks (10.6 to 42.3). No @entity1 developed a @entity281 . The median range of movement (ROM) of the knee was 110(o) and the median Iowa score was 85. Our study demonstrates good long-term functional outcome with no @entity281 ; spanning the knee had no detrimental effect on the ROM or functional outcome. High-energy @entity174 of the tibial plateau may be treated effectively with a fine wire Ilizarov fixator. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1693-7.

title: Ilizarov management of Schatzker IV to VI XXXX of the tibial plateau: 105 @entity174 at a mean follow-up of 7.8 years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['deep infection']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: PURPOSE: We evaluate the results of treatment of @entity323 in kidney transplant @entity1 with intracavernosal self-injection of vasoactive drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated and treated 26 male kidney transplant @entity1 for @entity323 . All @entity1 had stable kidney function 6 to 75 months (mean 26.6 +/- 9) after transplantation. Each @entity1 received an intracavernosal injection of 20 microg. @entity5015 ( @entity5015 ), and after 20 to 30 minutes the response was assessed. Nonresponders received 40 microg. @entity5015 at another visit, and those who showed no response were reinjected with 40 microg. @entity5015 plus 30 mg. @entity3302 . A total of 21 @entity1 were enrolled in a self-injection program and have been followed between 3 and 21 months (mean 11.6 +/- 2.7). RESULTS: Hormonal alterations were seen in 7 patients with serum @entity251 as low as 16.6 ng./ml. (normal 33 to 100), and @entity251 injections gave only marginal response in 2. Intracavernosal injection of 20 microg. @entity5015 provided good response in 15 @entity1 (57.7%), while 40 microg. @entity5015 alone or in combination with 30 mg. @entity3302 resulted in good response in another 6 and 2 @entity1 , respectively. Among the 21 @entity1 who were enrolled in the self-injection program 19 (90.5%) reported complete satisfaction with no adverse local or systemic complications except for @entity158 at the injection site in 4. There has been no change in serum @entity1011 , @entity205 level or doses of immunosuppression medications during the observation period. CONCLUSIONS: Intracavernosal self-injection of @entity5015 is well accepted and tolerated by kidney transplant @entity1 . It poses no apparent risks to the transplanted kidney and could be a good modality to treat @entity323 in kidney transplant recipients.

title: Treatment of @entity323 after kidney transplantation with intracavernosal self-injection of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity5015 :: ('MESH:D000527', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E1', 'PGE1']

entities_list: @entity3302 :: ('MESH:D010208', 'Chemical') :: ['papaverine hydrochloride', 'papaverine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['local pain']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity5015 :: (MESH:D000527,Chemical) :: ['prostaglandin E1']


abstract: We retrospectively studied the outcome of anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) among a population of veterans and evaluated outcome related to comorbidities. Veterans who underwent ATL between 1990 and 2001 at the Veterans Administration Hospital in Madison, Wisconsin, were included. Data related to postoperative @entity410 outcome, quality of life outcome, and employment outcome were collected. Factors associated with favorable outcome and outcome related to comorbidities were evaluated. Twenty-seven @entity1 were entered into the study. The mean age at onset of @entity410 was 25 years (+/-10.2). History of a non- @entity734 @entity146 diagnosis, and @entity734 was present in 26% (7/27) and 30% (9/27), respectively, prior to surgery. While 66.6% (18/27) had a good outcome (Engel's Class I), no difference in the frequency of good outcome was seen among the @entity1 with a history of @entity734 , other @entity146 diagnosis (71%), or no @entity146 diagnosis (67%). There was a significant correlation between @entity410 outcome and quality of life score (r(s)=0.67, p<0.001) and postoperative employment gains (r(s)=0.48, p=0.01). Outcomes among veterans that underwent ATL can be satisfactory even in the context of the late mean age of @entity302 onset and the @entity146 diagnoses that were present in this sample.

title: XXXX surgery outcome among US veterans.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance abuse']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['Epilepsy']


abstract: Nowadays, the chemoradiotherapeutic protocols for @entity978 ( @entity978 ) achieve high curability rates. Hemato-oncologists focus on both avoiding medical and psychological sequelae of the treatment and returning @entity1 to a normal life. The quality of life and psychological well-being of Spanish @entity1 who are long-term survivors of @entity978 were studied and compared to the results obtained from healthy controls. Questionnaires on quality of life [European Organization for Research and Treatment of @entity5 (EORTC) QLQ30] and psychological status [hospital @entity148 and @entity308 (HAD) scale] were mailed to @entity978 @entity1 without active disease and free of second @entity5 and were also given to healthy controls. Of 67 selected @entity1 (68.6%), 46 were included in this study. The median follow-up for these 46 @entity1 was of 7.6 years (0.8-22.1) after being diagnosed. Although there were no differences between @entity1 and controls with regard to their global state of health and quality of life (72.9+/-22.7 vs 79.3+/-18.7; p=0.22), @entity1 presented a lower physical function (88.2+/-18.1 vs 96.5+/-9.7; p=0.05) and a worse social operation scale (81.5+/-25.4 vs 96.3+/-13.1; p= 0.0015) together with higher symptoms of @entity1353 (8.6+/-14.7 vs 0+/-0; p=0.03) and higher economic difficulties (23.1+/-38.3 vs 0.7+/-4.9; p=0.017) when compared with healthy controls. However, we did not find differences in the scores and the proportion of cases of @entity148 and @entity308 between the two groups. The quality of life questionnaire disclosed differences between @entity1 and controls in some functional and symptomatic scales. These differences can be read as a consequence of either the disease itself or the treatment received. However, the results of this controlled pilot study should be confirmed in a larger series of Spanish @entity978 survivors. In the future, these results could be a reference when new therapeutic protocols are designed to reduce the impact on the quality of life of the @entity1 . Socioeconomic support to the @entity1 should also be provided in order to improve their medical care.

title: Quality of life and psychological well-being in Spanish long-term survivors of XXXX : results of a controlled pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HD', "Hodgkin's disease"]

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: The adaptive value of the endogenous circadian clock arises from its ability to synchronize (i.e., entrain) to external light-dark (LD) cycles at an appropriate phase. Studies have suggested that advanced circadian phase alignment might result from shortening of the period length of the clock. Here we explore mechanisms that contribute to an early activity phase in @entity36992 ( @entity36992 ) @entity19 . METHODS: We investigated circadian rhythms of wheel-running activity in C57BL/6J (B6), @entity36992 and 2 strains of B6. @entity36992 congenic @entity19 , which carry @entity36992 segments introgressed in a B6 genome. RESULTS: When entrained, all @entity36992 @entity19 initiate daily activity several hours earlier than normal @entity19 . This difference could not be explained by alterations in the endogenous period, as activity onset did not correlate with period length. However, the photic phase-shifting responses in these @entity19 were phase-lagged by 3 hours relative to their activity. Attenuated light masking responses were also found in @entity36992 @entity19 , which allow for activity normally inhibited by light. A previously identified quantitative trait locus (QTL), @entity53837 , which contributes to the early activity trait, was confirmed and refined here using two B6. @entity36992 congenic strains. Surprisingly, these B6. @entity36992 @entity19 exhibited longer rather than shorter endogenous periods, further demonstrating that the advanced phase in these @entity19 is not due to alterations in period. CONCLUSIONS: @entity36992 @entity19 have an advanced activity phase similar to @entity1 @entity1442 . This advanced phase is not due to its shorter period length or smaller light-induced phase shifts, but appears to be related to both light masking and altered coupling of the circadian pacemaker with various outputs. Lastly, a QTL influencing this trait was confirmed and narrowed using congenic @entity19 as a first step toward gene identification.

title: Behavioral and genetic dissection of a XXXX model for @entity1442 .

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced sleep phase syndrome']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: Previous evidence has demonstrated a relationship between growth factors and @entity65 . This study was aimed at evaluating levels of some endothelium-derived growth factors, and their relationship with microalbuminuria (MAU), in essential @entity101 . Ninety-nine mild-moderate essential @entity101 (EH) and 25 healthy controls were studied. All @entity1 underwent 24-h blood pressure monitoring, serum @entity2232 ( @entity2232 ), @entity540 ( @entity540 ) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and 24-h MAU assays. Later, EH were divided into two subsets consisting of microalbuminurics (MAU >11 microg/min) and nonmicroalbuminurics (MAU <11 microg/min). In microalbuminuric EH, circulating @entity2232 , @entity540 , and PDGF were significantly higher than in nonmicroalbuminurics (P < .0001, P < .0001, P < .005, respectively) or in controls. In the group of 99 EH, significant positive correlations of MAU with both @entity2232 and @entity540 (r = 0.35, P < .001, and r = 0.34, P < .001, respectively) were found. @entity2232 and @entity540 correlated significantly (r = 0.31, P < .002). Circulating @entity540 also correlated significantly with MAU in the microalbuminuric EH subset (r = 0.49, P < .01). Our results show that in microalbuminuric EH circulating levels of certain growth factors are increased. In @entity1 essential @entity101 these factors are linked with MAU, an early @entity8 marker.

title: Endothelium-derived factors in microalbuminuric and nonmicroalbuminuric essential XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular and renal damage']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensives', 'hypertension']

entities_list: @entity540 :: ('2247', 'Gene') :: ['bFGF', 'basic fibroblast growth factor']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensives']


abstract: This report summarizes a recent 24-month experience with 9 @entity1 who were treated for injuries to the innominate or subclavian arteries at a large urban hospital. All @entity1 were male, age range was 17 to 47 years, and mean age was 29 years. The mechanism of injury included major arterial @entity155 sustained during @entity5 operations at the base of the neck (2), @entity1913 secondary to motor vehicle accidents (2), stab wounds (1), and gunshot wounds (4). The vessels injured included the right subclavian artery (2), the innominate artery (1), and the left subclavian artery (6). Associated major @entity1317 were seen in 4 cases (44%) and major @entity1317 in 5 cases (55%). Arterial exposure involved a variety of incisions, including left thoracotomy, median sternotomy, clavicular resection, or a combination of these. Arterial continuity was restored in all cases using primary repair (2), autogenous saphenous vein graft (6), or prosthetic graft (1). @entity1317 were treated by ligation (2) or lateral venorraphy (2). One @entity1 died unexpectedly on the tenth postoperative day for an overall mortality of 11 percent. Three of the 8 survivors sustained nonfatal complications (38%). All 8 survivors had patent arterial repairs at the time of hospital discharge, and 5 of 8 survivors were available for follow-up with intravenous digital subtraction angiography (DSA), revealing arterial repair patency in all.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Subclavian and innominate artery trauma: a recent experience with nine XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity155 :: ('MESH:D014084', 'Disease') :: ['avulsions']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['venous injuries', 'non-vascular injuries', 'Venous injuries']

entities_list: @entity1913 :: ('MESH:D014949', 'Disease') :: ['blunt injuries']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Effectiveness of ultraviolet (UV)A1 in flares of @entity483 ( @entity483 ) is thought to influence the expression of cytokines involved in its pathogenesis. The aim of the study was to investigate whether mRNA expression of @entity1 b defensin-1 ( @entity16448 ) correlates with that of interleukin (IL)-4, @entity688 , and @entity22597 in @entity272 in @entity483 before and after UVA1 phototherapy, to determine whether UVA1 decreases the expression of the aforementioned mediators, and to confirm whether changes in mRNA expression correspond with the clinical efficacy of UVA1. METHODS: Twenty-five @entity1 with @entity483 underwent medium-dose UVA1 phototherapy. Before and after UVA1, biopsies from acute @entity272 were studied using reverse transcription and real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Levels of mRNA @entity16448 correlated with those of @entity688 and @entity22597 , levels of @entity3646 mRNA correlated with those of @entity688 and @entity22597 , and @entity688 expression correlated with that of @entity22597 , both before and after UVA1. Phototherapy with UVA1 improved SCORing of @entity483 (SCORAD) values, decreased @entity111 , and increased expression of @entity3646 . After UVA1, no difference was found in the mRNA expression of other molecules. The SCORAD index did not correlate with the expression of any examined mRNA either before or after UVA1. CONCLUSIONS: @entity16448 , @entity3646 , @entity688 , and @entity22597 are expressed in acute @entity272 in @entity483 , and their levels correlate with each other. UVA1 improves SCORAD and @entity111 and increases the expression of @entity3646 without direct effect on other molecules.

title: Medium-dose ultraviolet A1 phototherapy improves SCORAD index and increases mRNA expression of @entity3646 without direct effect on @entity1 b defensin-1, XXXX , and @entity22597 .

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['Atopic Dermatitis', 'atopic dermatitis', 'AD']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

answer: @entity688 :: (3586,Gene) :: ['interleukin-10']


abstract: PURPOSE: Based on preclinical evidence of synergistic activity between @entity8047 and @entity470 inhibitors in @entity1124 ( @entity1124 ), we evaluated the safety and efficacy of @entity17528 , a @entity16629 inhibitor, plus @entity3866 in @entity1 with previously treated advanced @entity1124 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In this single-arm phase II trial, eligible @entity1 received the combination of @entity3866 100 mg plus @entity17528 100 mg daily in 3-week cycles. Study assessments included measurement of clinical outcomes, with a primary endpoint of overall survival, and exploration of potential molecular predictors of treatment benefit. RESULTS: 46 @entity1 were enrolled and received a median of 2 cycles (range, 1-7). While no objective responses were observed, 19 @entity1 (41%) showed evidence of stable disease for >= 6 weeks, and 13/34 @entity1 (38%) had a CA19-9 decline >= 50%. Median progression-free survival was 1.9 months (95% CI, 1.4-3.3 months), with a median OS of 7.3 months (95% CI, 5.2-8.0 months). Common adverse events included @entity1910 , @entity294 , and @entity390 / @entity391 . @entity1 with @entity5 exhibiting an epithelial phenotype (demonstrated by high level of @entity5962 expression) were more likely to be sensitive to study treatment. Tumor-derived DNA was detectable in plasma from the majority of @entity1 using next-generation digital DNA sequencing, and its relative abundance correlated with @entity5 burden. CONCLUSIONS: A therapeutic strategy of dual targeted inhibition of the @entity8047 and @entity470 pathways shows modest antitumor activity in @entity788 . Specific molecular subtypes may derive greatest benefit from this combination. Further exploration, both with more potent @entity8047 inhibitors and in molecularly enriched @entity1 subsets, is warranted.

title: A MULTICENTER, OPEN-LABEL PHASE II CLINICAL TRIAL OF COMBINED @entity8047 PLUS XXXX INHIBITION FOR CHEMOTHERAPY-REFRACTORY ADVANCED PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['PDAC', 'pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity17528 :: ('MESH:C517975', 'Chemical') :: ['selumetinib']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib']

answer: @entity470 :: (1956,Gene) :: ['EGFR']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The goal of this study was to attempt to determine the rate of contamination of health-care workers' (HCWs) hands and environmental surfaces in intensive care units (ICU) by the main bacteria associated with hospital acquired @entity281 (HAIs) in Tehran, Iran. A total of 605 and 762 swab samples were obtained from six ICU environments and HCWs' hands. Identification of the bacterial isolates was performed according to standard biochemical methods, and their antimicrobial susceptibility was determined based on the guidelines recommended by clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI). The homology of the resistance patterns was assessed by the NTSYSsp software. The most frequent bacteria on the HCWs' hands and in the environmental samples were @entity3064 (1.4% and 16.5%, respectively), @entity794 (5.9% and 8.1%, respectively), @entity5938 (20.9% and 18.7%, respectively), and Enterococcus spp. (1% and 1.3%, respectively). @entity1 ' @entity26 masks, ventilators, and bed linens were the most contaminated sites. Nurses' aides and housekeepers were the most contaminated staff. Imipenem resistant A. baumannii (94% and 54.5%), @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 (MRSAs, 59.6% and 67.3%), and @entity2176 resistant Enterococci (VREs, 0% and 25%) were detected on the hands of ICU staff and the environmental samples, respectively. Different isolates of @entity794 and Enterococcus spp. showed significant homology in these samples. These results showed contamination of the ICU environments and HCWs with important bacterial pathogens that are the main risk factors for HAIs in the studied hospitals.

title: The role of the intensive care unit environment and health-care workers in the transmission of bacteria associated with hospital acquired XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity5938 :: ('1282', 'Species') :: ['S. epidermidis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity3064 :: ('470', 'Species') :: ['Acinetobacter baumannii']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infections']


abstract: The mature nervous system contains functional synaptic networks composed of neuronal sets and subsets whose identity and maintenance may rely on external surface molecules specific for these neuronal subdivisions. Such molecules may reside permanently on specific neurons, serving to identify those neurons within a complex population. From a collection of monoclonal antibodies made to the Torpedo cholinergic synaptosome preparation, we have identified several antibodies that bind the surface of some, but not all, neurons of the mature @entity35 brain (Kushner and Stephenson, 1983; Kushner, 1984). In the present study we catalog which neurons of the entire @entity35 brain and spinal cord are immunopositive for one of these antibodies, Tor 23. The atlas we have compiled can be used (1) on a practical level to guide affinity purifications and neuronal cell sorting, and (2) more esoterically to address whether surface antigenic sets of neurons share or define a common functional property. In the forebrain, Tor 23-positive neurons predominate as a rare cell type of the inner cortical laminae. In the midbrain, few cells stain. In the hindbrain, labeled neurons are dispersed among several nuclei. The exceptions to these observations, areas that almost exclusively contain Tor 23-immunopositive neurons, are the spinal cord ventral horn, the @entity76 , some cerebellar-related nuclei, selected auditory nuclei, the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus, and the @entity1250 pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus. The neurons that bind Tor 23 are related biochemically by virtue of that shared epitope alone. Whether they are related in a functional manner is a separate issue. Tor 23 demarks many motor-related structures, specifically, the ventral horn motor lamina, the orofacial motor nuclei 5 and 7, the ambiguus nucleus, the @entity76 , the pontine reticulotegmental nucleus, the lateral reticular nucleus, the gigantocellular reticular nucleus, the red nucleus, and neurons within the motor and somatosensory cortices. The overlap of Tor 23 with motor structures suggests that Tor 23 is a motor system marker.

title: An atlas of a rare neuronal surface antigen in the XXXX central nervous system.

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['deep cerebellar nuclei']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of umbilical cord serum eyedrops for the treatment of severe @entity936 . METHODS: Fifty-five eyes of 31 @entity1 with severe @entity936 were treated with umbilical cord serum eyedrops. Symptom scoring, tear film break-up time (BUT), Schirmer test, corneal sensitivity test, and corneal @entity941 staining were performed before and 1 and 2 months after treatment, and conjunctival impression cytology was performed before and 2 months after treatment. The concentrations of @entity4179 ( @entity4179 ), @entity904 , and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in umbilical cord serum and normal peripheral blood serum were measured. RESULTS: Two months after treatment, significant improvement was observed in symptom score (from 3.07 +/- 0.54 to 0.96 +/- 0. 58), BUT (from 3.96 +/- 1.56 to 5.45 +/- 2.54 seconds), and keratoepitheliopathy score (from 4.87 +/- 3.22 to 1.71 +/- 1.84) (P < 0.01). There was no statistically significant change in Schirmer and corneal sensitivity tests. In impression cytology, the grade of @entity1544 (from 2.35 +/- 0.72 to 1.44 +/- 0.69) and goblet cell density (from 80.91 +/- 31.53 to 154.68 +/- 43.06 cell/mm) improved significantly (P < 0.01). The mean concentrations of @entity4179 , TGF-beta, and @entity904 were 0.48 +/- 0.09, 57.14 +/- 18.98, and 230.85 +/- 13.39 ng/mL in umbilical cord serum and 0.14 +/- 0.03, 31.30 +/- 12.86, and 372.34 +/- 22.32 ng/mL in peripheral blood serum, respectively. CONCLUSION: Umbilical cord serum contains essential tear components, and umbilical cord serum eyedrops are effective and safe for the treatment of severe @entity936 .

title: Application of umbilical cord serum eyedrops for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin A']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity4179 :: ('1950', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor', 'EGF']

entities_list: @entity936 :: ('MESH:D015352', 'Disease') :: ['dry eye syndrome']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

answer: @entity936 :: (MESH:D015352,Disease) :: ['dry eye syndrome']


abstract: We evaluated the topographic relations between @entity669 hydroxylase (TH)- and/or aromatic @entity14890 decarboxylase ( @entity70564 )-immunoreactive neurons in the arcuate nucleus (AN), as well as between TH- and/or @entity70564 -immunoreactive axons in the median eminence (ME) in @entity35 at the 21st embryonic day, 9th postnatal day, and in adulthood. The double-immunofluorescent technique in combination with confocal microscopy was used. Occasional bienzymatic neurons but numerous monoenzymatic TH- or @entity70564 -immunoreactive neurons were observed in fetuses. There was almost no overlap in the distribution of monoenzymatic neurons, and therefore few appositions were observed in between. In postnatal animals, numerous bienzymatic neurons appeared in addition to monoenzymatic neurons. They were distributed throughout the AN resulting in the increased frequency of appositions. Furthermore, specialized-like contacts between monoenzymatic TH- and @entity70564 -immunoreactive neurons appeared. The quantification of the fibers in the ME showed that there were large specific areas of the monoenzymatic TH-immunoreactive fibers and bienzymatic fibers in fetuses, followed by the gradual reduction of the former and the increase of the latter to adulthood. The specific area of the monoenzymatic @entity70564 -immunoreactive fibers in fetuses was rather low, and thereafter increased progressively to adulthood. The fibers of all the types were in apposition in the ME at each studied age. Close topographic relations between the neurons containing individual complementary enzymes of @entity935 synthesis at the level of cell bodies and axons suggest functional interaction in between.

title: Neurons possessing enzymes of XXXX synthesis in the mediobasal hypothalamus of @entity35 . Topographic relations and axonal projections to the median eminence in ontogenesis.

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity14890 :: ('CHEBI:15705', 'Chemical') :: ['L-amino acid']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: PURPOSE: Little is known about the prevalence of combined @entity148 and @entity308 (CADS) in @entity0 @entity1 . Purpose was to evaluate for differences in demographic and clinical characteristics and quality of life (QOL) prior to @entity0 surgery among @entity1 classified into one of four distinct @entity148 and/or @entity308 symptom groups. METHODS: A total of 335 @entity1 completed measures of @entity148 and @entity308 and QOL prior to and for 6 months following @entity0 surgery. Growth Mixture Modelling (GMM) was used to identify subgroups of @entity1 with distinct trajectories of @entity148 and @entity308 . These results were used to create four distinct @entity148 and/or @entity308 symptom groups. Differences in demographic, clinical, and symptom characteristics, among these groups were evaluated using analyses of variance and Chi square analyses. RESULTS: A total of 44.5% of @entity1 were categorized with CADS. @entity1 with CADS were younger, non-white, had lower performance status, received neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy, had greater difficulty dealing with their disease and treatment, and reported less support from others to meet their needs. These @entity1 had lower physical, psychological, social well-being, and total QOL scores. Higher levels of @entity148 with or without @entity308 were associated with increased fears of recurrence, hopelessness, uncertainty, loss of control, and a decrease in life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that CADS occurs in a high percentage of @entity1 following @entity0 surgery and results in a poorer QOL. Assessments of @entity148 and @entity308 are warranted prior to surgery for @entity0 .

title: Co-occurrence of @entity148 and XXXX following @entity0 surgery and its impact on quality of life.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'subsyndromal depressive symptoms', 'depressive']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressive symptoms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Infertility is a growing problem in western societies. Few studies have examined the drug utilization of common treatments for @entity249 . @entity4082 (CC) is the first-line treatment for normogonadotropic @entity1 with absent or irregular ovulation. We examined CC use among @entity1 at reproductive age in the northern Netherlands. METHODS: Drug dispensing data of CC between 1998 and 2007 were retrieved from the IADB.nl database. Two-year prevalences of CC use per 1000 @entity1 covered by the database were calculated and stratified by 5-year age group. The duration of CC use was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS: From the IADB.nl database, a total of 1854 @entity1 aged 20-44 years initiated ovulation induction treatment with CC only in the northern Netherlands during 1998 and 2007. The 2-year prevalence of CC use increased from 6.66 per 1000 @entity1 during 1998-1999 to 7.24 per 1000 during 2002-2003, followed by a decrease to 4.82 per 1000 in 2006-2007 (P < 0.05). Median duration of CC use was four cycles for @entity1 <30 years of age, three cycles for @entity1 aged 30-39 and two cycles for @entity1 aged above 40. CONCLUSIONS: There is no increase of CC use during 1998-2007, and indeed a decrease of CC use during recent years, among @entity1 at reproductive age in northern Netherlands.

title: XXXX utilization in the Netherlands 1998-2007.

entities_list: @entity4082 :: ('MESH:D002996', 'Chemical') :: ['Clomiphene citrate']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

answer: @entity4082 :: (MESH:D002996,Chemical) :: ['Clomiphene citrate']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review is to stress the importance of @entity73 in @entity5 survivors, and to discuss the way of assessing and managing these troubles in clinical practice. METHOD: Original studies and reviews reporting the effect of @entity5 and chemotherapy on cognition and published since January 2000 were selected from the Medline(  ) database using 'cognition' or 'cognitive function' and ' @entity5 ' as subject headings. RESULTS: Main reports concerned @entity1 with @entity0 or @entity1 with @entity1313 . Overall, chemotherapy was found to be associated with subtle and transient @entity73 , which were detectable only with neuropsychological testing and affected most particularly memory, concentration and speed of information processing. Some factors associated with the @entity1 , like @entity308 , may favor @entity73 , while the role of others, like age or educational level, remains to be defined. Screening of @entity1 at risk remains limited due to the lack of standardized neuropsychological tests in clinical oncology practice. Few studies have addressed the benefits of interventional strategies but @entity2727 , @entity2728 and @entity1307 , as well as rehabilitation in @entity1 , have shown encouraging results. Formal studies assessing the value of a multidisciplinary approach to detect and manage @entity73 must be recommended. CONCLUSION: @entity73 induced by @entity5 or the treatment represents a real challenge in clinical practice. Based on limited published data, few clinical recommendations can be made regarding prevention, evaluation and management of this trouble. Longitudinal studies must be conducted to evaluate its real impact on quality of life.

title: @entity73 and XXXX : which consequences in terms of disease management?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['advanced breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['hematological or brain cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive dysfunctions', 'cognitive impairment', 'cognitive dysfunction', 'Cognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin']

entities_list: @entity2728 :: ('MESH:C048833', 'Chemical') :: ['modafinil']

entities_list: @entity2727 :: ('MESH:D008774', 'Chemical') :: ['methylphenidate']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECT: @entity174 of the clivus and traumatic diastases of the clival synchondroses are rare in the pediatric population. The incidence, outcome, and biomechanics associated with these @entity174 have been difficult to ascertain secondary to the lack of literature pertaining to their occurrence. METHODS: A Boolean search of the electronic medical record database at the @entity1 's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, was performed to identify @entity1 with @entity174 of the clivus that were diagnosed using CT of the head. A retrospective review of the chart and radiographic imaging was then performed to assess data regarding @entity1 demographics, mechanism of injury, and skull and brain parenchymal injuries, as well as outcomes. RESULTS: Between May 2002 and November 2007, 16 @entity1 with @entity174 of the clivus were identified. The mean age of these @entity1 was 9 years (range 1-16 years). Eleven (68.8%) of the 16 @entity1 had an associated traumatic @entity6877 of the central skull base. Five (31.3%) of the 16 @entity1 died. However, of the 11 @entity1 who survived, all had a good outcome with a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 4 or 5 at the time of discharge. The incidence of @entity174 among @entity1 with @entity542 was 0.33%. CONCLUSIONS: Clival @entity174 occur with a similar incidence in both the pediatric and adult trauma population. Outcome is not correlated directly with the extent of clival @entity174 , but rather with the presenting Glasgow @entity772 Scale score and concomitant brain parenchymal injuries. The identification of traumatic diastases in @entity1 with @entity174 suggests that static loading forces are a significant factor in the biomechanics producing these types of @entity174 .

title: XXXX of the clivus and traumatic @entity6877 of the central skull base in the pediatric population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'Fractures', 'fracture', 'clival fractures']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injuries']

entities_list: @entity6877 :: ('MESH:D046548', 'Disease') :: ['diastasis']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Fractures']


abstract: Definitive treatment of life-threatening @entity548 associated with blunt @entity174 remains controversial. To elucidate this issue, we reviewed 538 consecutive @entity1 admitted with acute @entity174 during a 5-year period. Injury mechanism was motor vehicular in 214 (40%), falls in 152 (28%), auto-pedestrian in 92 (17%), motorcycle in 46 (9%), crush in 26 (5%), and assault or skiing in eight (1%). Ninety-two (17%) of these @entity1 required greater than 6 units of blood transfusion during the first postinjury day, and are the primary focus of this report. Twenty-five @entity1 (28%) had unilateral anterior (Group I, n = 20) or posterior (Group II, n = 5) @entity174 . The remaining 67 @entity1 (72%) had anterior and posterior element involvement on the same side (Group II, n = 38), bilaterally (Group IV, n = 14), or open perineal wounds (Group V, n = 15). The @entity38176 was applied in 47 @entity1 (51%), and controlled @entity548 in 12 (71%) of the 17 in whom it was used alone to tamponade @entity548 . Peritoneal lavage was performed in 73 @entity1 (79%). Initial aspirate yielded gross blood in 32 @entity1 ; 27 (84%) of these required urgent laparotomy. @entity853 was applied in 19 @entity1 ; @entity548 was controlled in 18 (95%). Pelvic angiography identified active @entity548 in three @entity1 and selective embolization was successful in two. Sixty-eight (74%) of the high-risk @entity1 survived. Thirteen (54%) of the 24 deaths were attributable to the @entity530 , ten were due to recalcitrant @entity548 , and three to delayed @entity295 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity548 associated with major XXXX : a multispecialty challenge.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'pelvic fracture']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding', 'pelvic bleeding']

entities_list: @entity853 :: ('MESH:D009139', 'Disease') :: ['External skeletal fixation']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic trauma']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['pelvic fracture']


abstract: It is now widely accepted that the clinical diagnosis of @entity1619 (D.V.T.) is unreliable. Many venous thrombi are nonobstructive and not associated with vessel wall @entity32 or @entity32 of the surrounding tissues and consequently have no detectable clinical manifestations. Moreover, none of the symptoms or signs of @entity49 are unique to this condition and all can be caused by non @entity715 . On the other hand, in most of the D.V.T., the @entity291 is the site in the legs where a @entity715 starts. This @entity715 begins commonly in valve pockets throughout various deep veins of the leg and in saccules of soleal veins. Several non invasive techniques have been developed for diagnosing D.V.T.: 125I, fibrinogen, impedance plethysmography, Doppler ultrasound, Duplex scanning. Many publications document the correlation between venography and these non invasive tests for D.V.T. Unfortunately it appears that, excepted 125I. Fg, these techniques are poorly reliable at the level of the @entity291 . Moreover the diagnosis of D.V.T. may occur in particular and difficult situations such as a recurrent @entity1150 . Considering all above the authors believes that contrast venography remains the standard and that it is less dangerous to do unnecessary venography than not to recognize a @entity1150 .

title: [Has phlebography become useless in the diagnosis of XXXX of the lower extremities?].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic disorders', 'thrombus']

answer: @entity1619 :: (MESH:D015458,Disease) :: ['deep venous thrombosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate progressive correction of coronal and sagittal alignment and pelvic parameters in @entity1 treated with a Ch  neau brace. METHODS Thirty-two @entity1 with @entity1615 ( @entity1615 ) were assessed before initiation of bracing treatment and at the final follow-up. Each @entity1 underwent radiological examinations, and coronal, sagittal, and pelvic parameters were measured. RESULTS No statistically significant modification of the Cobb angle was noted. The pelvic incidence remained unchanged in 59% of the cases and increased in 28% of the cases. The sacral slope decreased in 34% of the cases but remained unchanged in 50%. @entity1513 and @entity1515 were significantly decreased, whereas the sagittal vertical axis was significantly increased from a mean of -44.0 to -30.2 mm (p = 0.02). The mean pelvic tilt increased significantly from 4.5   to 8.3   (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS The Ch  neau brace can be useful for preventing curvature progression in @entity1 with @entity1615 . However, the results of this study reveal high variability in the effect of brace treatment on sagittal and pelvic alignment. Treatment with the Ch  neau brace may also influence sagittal global balance.

title: Long-term effects of the Ch  neau brace on coronal and sagittal alignment in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['Thoracic kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity1515 :: ('MESH:D008141', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar lordosis']

entities_list: @entity1615 :: ('OMIM:181800', 'Disease') :: ['AIS', 'adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']

answer: @entity1615 :: (OMIM:181800,Disease) :: ['adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ) have a high risk of @entity65 ( @entity65 ). Recent national and international guidelines suggest strict treatment of @entity65 risk factors in @entity309 . The aim of this study was to evaluate the self-reported adherence to CV prevention strategies in @entity1 with @entity309 . METHOD: @entity309 @entity1 visiting an outpatient clinic for strict @entity65 risk management received a validated questionnaire to evaluate adherence to CV prevention strategies. Strict treatment targets were defined and lifestyle recommendations were given following a prespecified protocol. @entity65 risk was assessed using the SCORE algorithm. RESULTS: In total, 111 questionnaires were returned (response rate of 82%). A high 10-year @entity65 risk (>=  20%) was present in 53%, but only 3% thought they had an increased @entity65 risk. A total of 53% of @entity1 reported that they 'follow the doctors' suggestions exactly' and 75% reported finding it 'easy to follow the suggestions'. Of the 69% of @entity1 who were prescribed lipid- and/or blood pressure-lowering drugs, 90% reported taking all prescribed tablets. The advice to follow a diet was given to 42%, of whom 68% said they followed the advised diet. Physical exercise was advised to 67%, of whom 62% said they performed specific physical exercise on at least 3 days a week. The adherence to lifestyle recommendations was not significantly different across the @entity65 risk groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity309 @entity1 tend to underestimate their @entity65 risk. The self-reported adherence of @entity309 @entity1 to @entity65 risk management was high concerning pharmaceutical interventions and moderate in the case of lifestyle interventions.

title: Adherence to cardiovascular prevention strategies in XXXX with @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Experiments were performed on @entity35 using neurophysiological and behavioral techniques, in an attempt to study the role played by the somatosensory cortex in the abnormal spinal neuron activity and @entity146 observed after @entity5300 . The onsets of both phenomena occur at the same postoperative period. Cortical controls exerted on spinal @entity11989 ( @entity11989 ) cells were studied using a transient and reversible cortical blockade, @entity308 ( @entity308 ), applied contralateral to the spinal cord recording. In 28 intact animals, 55 cells were studied during the propagation of at least two CSDs. Only 4 of these cells presented a sustained decrease in their spontaneous activity during @entity308 , which may correspond to transient arrest of a descending tonic cortical facilitation. In 29 animals with dorsal root sections, 161 @entity11989 cells displayed abnormal burst activity, and 52 were examined with the @entity308 test. Thirty-five cells presented a long-duration change in their spontaneous activity during @entity308 ; of these, 28 showed decreased activity (suppression of descending tonic facilitation) and 7 presented increased activity (suppression of descending tonic inhibition). More @entity11989 cells were influenced by the cortex in deafferented @entity35 (67%) than in intact @entity35 (7%). The cortical influence was also stronger, as the hyperactive cells were frequently rendered silent during @entity308 . These observations suggest that the abnormal activity is partly due to a descending cortical influence. Results of a behavioral study performed on 22 @entity35 (one control group and two experimental groups with cortical ablations) showed that the self-mutilating behavior, which develops at the same time as the abnormal @entity11989 cell activity, was reduced by unilateral cortical ablation, independent of the cortical region removed. The possible pathways involved in this cortical influence are examined in the discussion.

title: Cortical involvement in @entity11989 cell hyperactivity and @entity146 in XXXX with dorsal root section.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['cortical spreading depression', 'CSD']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal behavior']

entities_list: @entity5300 :: ('MESH:D020516', 'Disease') :: ['brachial plexus lesions']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']