abstract: This study examined the effects on proximal tubule morphology of blocking single @entity4295 with paraffin wax for one day, one week, or one month in the @entity35 . Proximal tubule lumens were blocked with a short column of wax using micropuncture. Chronically blocked and control (normal) tubules were fixed by either intravascular or intraluminal perfusion of @entity3584 solution. Proximal tubule segments downstream to the wax block were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. Intraluminal @entity3737 dye, serial sectioning, and nephron microdissection techniques were used to identify @entity4295 . One day after obstruction, all proximal tubule cells downstream to the block were injured. Some recovery was seen. S1 and S2 segments showed more severe damage than S3 segments. @entity3737 , which normally is excluded from cells, entered the cytoplasm of some damaged S1-S2 cells. After one week of obstruction, the tubule appeared to have reconstituted itself, but cells were less differentiated than normal. One month after obstruction, blocked tubules were atrophied. Tubule cells were simplified and were surrounded by a thickened basement membrane. The results suggest that prolonged proximal tubule blockade produces injury and @entity194 of the proximal tubule probably due to @entity63 and interruption of normal reabsorptive activity.

title: Proximal tubule morphology after single nephron obstruction in the XXXX kidney.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity3584 :: ('MESH:D005976', 'Chemical') :: ['glutaraldehyde']

entities_list: @entity3737 :: ('MESH:D000423', 'Chemical') :: ['Alcian blue']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity775 ( @entity775 ) runs a variable clinical course. Slow disease progression or even spontaneous remissions can be observed and suggest that the autoimmune process can, at least to a certain extent, be controlled by regulatory elements of the @entity1 's own immune system. In experimental @entity775 (EAH) spontaneous recovery is regularly observed and associated with antigen-specific and antigen-nonspecific suppression. The aim of the current study was to search for similar immunoregulatory phenomena in @entity1 with @entity775 . We examined T-cell reactivity to soluble human liver antigens in 11 @entity1 with active @entity775 and 30 @entity1 with other @entity409 ( @entity3619 , @entity2835 , @entity1560 ). T-cell reactivity to liver antigens was almost exclusively confined to the @entity775 @entity1 . In 9 of these 11 @entity1 we were able to compare the T-cell response in active untreated disease, directly after initiation of immunosuppressive therapy and in remission, at which point T-cell reactivity was found to be markedly reduced. Addition of irradiated peripheral blood cells from the active disease phase or the remission phase to the responding cells taken before treatment showed that in eight of the nine @entity1 there was marked suppression of the liver-specific T-cell response by cells from the remission phase. Study of the in vivo immune responsiveness by giving a @entity116 toxoid booster immunization to nine @entity1 with active untreated @entity775 as well as healthy controls and @entity1 with other @entity409 showed that none of the @entity1 with @entity775 showed a response to the @entity116 immunization, whereas almost all the other @entity1 showed marked responses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Evidence for spontaneous immunosuppression in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2835 :: ('MESH:D008105', 'Disease') :: ['primary biliary cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['fatty liver']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver diseases']

entities_list: @entity3619 :: ('MESH:D006521', 'Disease') :: ['chronic viral hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity775 :: ('MESH:D019693', 'Disease') :: ['AIH', 'Autoimmune hepatitis', 'autoimmune hepatitis']

answer: @entity775 :: (MESH:D019693,Disease) :: ['autoimmune hepatitis']


abstract: Multiple studies have evaluated the use of @entity7856 inhibitors in penile rehabilitation following nerve-sparing prostatectomy. These studies have evaluated the use of various pharmacologic agents as well as various approaches to treatment (on-demand vs. rehabilitative). Most of these studies relied on self-reported outcomes to determine efficacy of the therapy which could allow response bias to affect their results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of nightly @entity7855 therapy during penile rehabilitation, using @entity2003 (RigiScan(   ) , Gotop Medical, Inc., St. Paul, MN, USA) in addition to the IIEF-EF. @entity1 with @entity263 and normal erectile function prior to nsRP were randomized to take either nightly 50  mg @entity7855 or placebo starting the night following surgery. Both groups were allowed on-demand @entity7855 . Erectile function was evaluated at 2  weeks, 3, 6, 9 and 12  months post-operatively, with a final assessment made at 13  months, following a 1  month drug washout. At all time points, self-reported (IIEF-EF) and objective (RigiScan(   ) ) measures were obtained and evaluated. About 74 of 97 randomized @entity1 completed the study. On completion, 40% of @entity1 in each group had normal erectile function based on RigiScan(   ) (p  =  1.0). Additionally, no statistical differences were seen using the IIEF-EF domain (32.4% of placebo, 29% of treatment; p  =  0.79). Multivariable analysis showed no significant differences in erectile function based on treatment intervention. Results did show that African-American @entity1 in this cohort were at higher risk for lower RigiScan(   ) scores over time (OR: 0.48, p  =  0.0399). This study demonstrates that nightly @entity7855 does not provide a therapeutic benefit for recovery of erectile function post-prostatectomy when compared to on-demand dosing using both self-reported as well as objective measures. Differences in objective recovery parameters based on @entity1 ' race/ethnicity warrant further investigation.

title: A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of on-Demand vs. nightly XXXX as assessed by Rigiscan and the international index of erectile function.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['nocturnal penile rigidity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['sildenafil citrate']

answer: @entity7855 :: (MESH:C101426,Chemical) :: ['sildenafil citrate']


abstract: OBJECT: To introduce a novel distraction technique for the treatment of @entity3473 ( @entity3473 ) @entity3029 ( @entity3029 ) via a posterior-only approach. METHODS: Twenty-one consecutive @entity1 with @entity3473 and @entity3029 who underwent posterior distraction reduction and occipitocervical fixation between January 2009 and June 2013 were enrolled in the present study. This novel distraction technique included two steps. First, the distraction between the occipitocervical junction of the rod (OCJR) and the occipital screws was performed to achieve horizontal and partial vertical reduction. Secondly, the distraction was performed between the C2 screws and OCJR to achieve complete vertical reduction. The pre- and postoperative JOA score, the extent of reduction, the fusion status, and the complications were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 18.3 months with a range of 10-32 months. No @entity1 incurred @entity531 during surgery. The mean JOA score at the last follow-up (15.4) showed significant improvement (P<0.01) compared with the pre-operative parameters (11.2). Complete horizontal reduction was achieved in 18 @entity1 (85.7%), and complete vertical reduction was achieved in 17 @entity1 (80.9%). The rest @entity1 are all received greater than 50% horizontal and vertical reduction. Solid fusion was achieved in 20 @entity1 (95.2%). Mild @entity1282 was observed in two @entity1 . One @entity1 suffered from @entity86 and @entity358 . CONCLUSION: This novel distraction technique may provide satisfactory reduction via a posterior-only approach without exposure of the C1/2 facet joint. Therefore, it is a safe and effective method for the treatment of @entity3473 with @entity3029 .

title: Posterior distraction reduction and occipitocervical fixation for the treatment of XXXX @entity3029 .

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infection']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative fever']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity3473 :: ('MESH:D007443', 'Disease') :: ['BI', 'basilar invagination']

entities_list: @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular injury']

entities_list: @entity3029 :: ('MESH:D004204', 'Disease') :: ['AAD', 'and atlantoaxial dislocation']

answer: @entity3473 :: (MESH:D007443,Disease) :: ['basilar invagination']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Breast cancer @entity3 is the leading cause of @entity5 in @entity1 worldwide. Collagen in the @entity5 microenvironment plays a crucial role in regulating @entity5 progression. We have shown that type III collagen (Col3), a component of @entity5 stroma, regulates myofibroblast differentiation and scar formation after cutaneous injury. During the course of these wound-healing studies, we noted that @entity5 developed at a higher frequency in Col3(+/-) @entity19 compared to wild-type littermate controls. We, therefore, examined the effect of Col3 deficiency on @entity5 behavior, using the @entity19 @entity189 cell line 4T1. Notably, @entity5 volume and pulmonary metastatic burden after orthotopic injection of 4T1 cells were increased in Col3(+/-) @entity19 compared to Col3(+/+) littermates. By using @entity19 (4T1) and @entity1 (MDA-MB-231) @entity0 cells grown in Col3-poor and Col3-enriched microenvironments in  vitro, we found that several major events of the metastatic process were suppressed by Col3, including adhesion, invasion, and migration. In addition, Col3 deficiency increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis of 4T1 cells both in  vitro and in @entity5 in  vivo. Mechanistically, Col3 suppresses the procarcinogenic microenvironment by regulating stromal organization, including density and alignment of fibrillar collagen and myofibroblasts. We propose that Col3 plays an important role in the @entity5 microenvironment by suppressing @entity3 -promoting characteristics of the @entity5 -associated stroma.

title: Type III Collagen Directs Stromal Organization and Limits @entity3 in a @entity19 Model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'cancer-related deaths', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['mammary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) is highly expressed in the renal tissues of @entity1 with @entity2316 , and it plays an important role in the initiation and progression of @entity2316 . The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of root of Polygonum cuspidatum extract ( @entity11240 ) on early renal glomerular proliferation in @entity3839 (STZ)-induced @entity6 @entity35 . METHODS: @entity11240 (100, 350 mg/kg/day) was administered to @entity6 @entity35 for 16 weeks. Blood @entity413 and @entity633 were measured. Renal histology, @entity1918 ( @entity1918 ), and @entity1975 ( @entity1975 ) expression levels were also examined. RESULTS: After 16 weeks of treatment with @entity11240 , severe @entity4854 and @entity633 were observed in the @entity6 @entity35 . The expressions levels of @entity1918 and @entity1975 proteins were significantly increased in the glomeruli of the @entity6 @entity35 . The expression levels of PDGF-BB and its receptor expressions were greatly increased in the glomeruli of the @entity6 @entity35 . However, @entity11240 markedly reduced @entity633 in the @entity6 @entity35 . @entity11240 inhibited @entity1918 and @entity1975 up-regulation and ameliorated PDGF-BB and PEGFR-Ss protein expression in the @entity6 @entity35 . In addition, the binding of PDGF-BB/PDGFR-Ss was inhibited by @entity11240 as shown by an in vitro assay. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity11240 has an inhibitory effect on @entity7622 in @entity2316 via the inhibition of the interaction of PDGF-BB with its receptor. @entity11240 may have beneficial effects in preventing the progression of @entity2316 .

title: Root of Polygonum cuspidatum extract reduces progression of XXXX via inhibition of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and interaction with its receptor in @entity3839 -induced @entity6 @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy', 'diabetic renal tissues']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity1918 :: ('25365(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-SMA', 'alpha-smooth muscle actin']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity1975 :: ('25737(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['PCNA', 'proliferating cell nuclear antigen']

entities_list: @entity7622 :: ('MESH:C537346', 'Disease') :: ['mesangial proliferation']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity2316 :: (MESH:D003928,Disease) :: ['diabetes-induced mesangial cell dysfunction']


abstract: A precise knowledge of the depth of invasion of @entity5 is essential for the planning of treatment of @entity5 . Transrectal ultrasonography is a new diagnostic modality that has become useful in determining the depth of invasion preoperatively and the presence or absence of metastatic lymph nodes. Transrectal ultrasonography was used in preoperative staging of 36 @entity1 with @entity5 . Thirty three @entity1 had a radical resection (17 low anterior resection, 15 abdominoperineal resection and 1 pelvic exenteration), one @entity1 had a local excision. Two among these thirty four @entity1 had preoperative radiotherapy. Preoperative transrectal ultrasonographic staging was compared with pathologic findings. In staging depth of invasion, the overall accuracy was 88.8 percent, overstaged in 5.8 percent, understaged in 5.8 percent. Transrectal ultrasonography is the more accurate method than CT in staging of depth of @entity5 invasion (61.8% vs 88.8%). In staging of lymph nodes, the overall accuracy of transrectal ultrasonography was 85.3 percent, sensitivity was 71.7 percent and specificity was 88.8 percent. Transrectal ultrasonography is a safe, inexpensive and accurate staging method in the assessment of both depth of invasion and nodal status.

title: Transrectal ultrasonography in preoperative staging of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: The influence of (+/-)- @entity1855 and @entity2514 on stress- and various chemically-induced @entity2275 in @entity35 together with their influence on various biochemical parameters which affect the development of the induced @entity1066 was examined. Pretreatment of @entity35 with (+/-)- @entity1855 (4-16 mg kg-1 orally) significantly decreased cold-stress-induced @entity2275 and enhanced @entity1068 -induced @entity1066 . It did not affect @entity3352 - (30 mg kg-1 orally) or @entity2515 - (5 mg kg-1 i.p.) induced @entity1066 . Pretreatment of the animals with @entity2514 (1-10 mg kg-1 orally) significantly enhanced @entity1068 -, @entity2515 - and cold-stress-induced @entity1066 . It did not affect @entity3352 -induced @entity1066 . Pretreatment of the animals with @entity1855 increased gastric mucus secretion, inhibited gastric acid secretion, decreased @entity2041 content and enhanced gastric lipid peroxidation whereas pretreatment of the animals with @entity2514 significantly decreased gastric mucus secretion. @entity2514 did not affect gastric acid secretion, @entity2041 or gastric lipid peroxidation. The results of this study suggest that @entity1855 -induced protection against stress-induced @entity1066 may be due to its ability to suppress gastric acid secretion and to increase gastric mucus secretion. Its enhancement of @entity1068 -induced @entity1066 may be due to its ability to increase lipid peroxidation. The @entity2514 -induced enhancement of the experimentally-induced @entity1066 may be due to its ability to suppress gastric mucus secretion.

title: Effect of (+/-)- @entity1855 and XXXX on stress- and chemically-induced @entity2275 in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity2515 :: ('MESH:D012110', 'Chemical') :: ['reserpine']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity2514 :: ('MESH:D006830', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydralazine', 'hydralazine']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcers']

answer: @entity2514 :: (MESH:D006830,Chemical) :: ['hydralazine']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Schizophrenia is associated with deficits in face and affect recognition, which contribute to broader social functioning deficits. The present aim was to conduct a meta-analysis of early face processing in schizophrenia, as indexed by the @entity7286 event-related potential component. METHODS: Twelve studies (n = 328 @entity1 with schizophrenia, n = 330 healthy controls) of the @entity7286 component during face processing were evaluated by calculating Cohen's d for each study and overall weighted mean effect size (ES). In additional exploratory analyses, moderating influences of method and design were investigated, and the @entity7286 component during face processing was evaluated based on valence: 5 studies (n = 225 @entity1 , n = 225 controls) included neutral stimuli, 5 studies (n = 225 @entity1 , n = 225 controls) included happy stimuli, and 4 studies (n = 209 @entity1 , n = 209 controls) included fearful stimuli. RESULTS: The amplitude of the @entity7286 to face stimuli was smaller in @entity1 relative to controls (ES = .41, P < .01). Methodological or design differences did not account for heterogeneity in ES. When split by valence, results indicate smaller @entity7286 in @entity1 relative to control subjects in response to neutral (ES = .32, P < .001) and happy (ES = .21, P < .05) stimuli, whereas there was no difference in response to fearful faces (ES = .09, P > .05). DISCUSSION: The results indicate that @entity7286 amplitude in response to faces is smaller in @entity1 with schizophrenia, showing that socially relevant visual processing deficits begin earlier in processing than previously suggested. Additionally, the exploratory analyses suggest emotional specificity in these deficits. Ramifications for our understanding of face processing deficits and treatment development are discussed.

title: Deficits in Early Stages of Face Processing in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review of the XXXX Component.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity7286 :: (4791,Gene) :: ['P100']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Anecdotal reports of increased libido and sexual function in @entity1 taking @entity3346 have led to its empirical use in @entity1 with @entity323 . A retrospective review of @entity1 -reported responses to @entity3346 was performed to outline the efficacy and side-effect profile of this agent. METHODS: Between 1989 and 1994, 182 @entity1 were placed on oral @entity3346 as empirical therapy for @entity323 . @entity1 ranged in age from 26 to 85 years, with a mean of 60 years. @entity1 were evaluated before receiving @entity3346 with a thorough medical history and physical examination. Known risk factors for @entity323 were assigned based on historical information and the findings of the examination. @entity1 received @entity3346 for at least 2 consecutive months, with daily doses starting at 25 mg. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-seven @entity1 were available for follow-up by a standardized questionnaire regarding perceived improvement in erectile function, sexual function, and side effects. In @entity1 less than 60 years of age, with no known risk factors for @entity323 , 21 of 27 (78%) showed significant improvement in erectile ability. Smokers and @entity1 older than 60 years with a history of significant @entity1095 responded poorly to @entity3346 therapy. The duration of @entity323 was inversely related to a response to @entity3346 . Of @entity1 with a duration of @entity323 less than 12 months, 48% reported a positive response. Only 16% of @entity1 with duration of @entity323 greater than 60 months reported improvement in erections and sexual function. @entity3346 was well tolerated by this population, with 62% reporting no side effects. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the limitations of a nonrandomized, retrospective study, @entity3346 appears to benefit younger @entity1 with @entity323 with few known risk factors. A prospective, placebo-controlled trial is needed to confirm the observations of this pilot study.

title: Oral @entity3346 as empirical therapy for XXXX : a retrospective review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['impotence', 'erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity3346 :: ('MESH:D014196', 'Chemical') :: ['Trazodone', 'trazodone']

answer: @entity323 :: (MESH:D007172,Disease) :: ['erectile dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify CT characteristics of @entity5606 , a rare, aggressive, malignant @entity5 of unknown origin that occurs mainly in @entity1 and young @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT scans of eight @entity1 (newborn to 13 years old; mode, 4 months old; six @entity1 and two @entity1 ) with histopathologic diagnosis of @entity5606 were evaluated retrospectively by two of the authors, who were not blinded to the diagnosis. All eight CT scans were performed with intravenous and oral contrast, and noncontrast intravenous CT scans were available in four cases. The following CT characteristics were evaluated: location of @entity5 within the kidney; presence of @entity730 , subcapsular @entity1410 , multiple @entity5 lobules, enlarged vessels, @entity1350 , or central @entity5 @entity39 or @entity548 ; visibility of @entity5 margin; distant @entity3 ; and @entity5 size. RESULTS: All eight primary @entity5 (five on the left, one of which had contralateral renal nodules) were central in location and involved the hilum. Calcification outlining the @entity5 lobule was present in two of the four @entity5 on noncontrast CT scans. Subcapsular @entity1410 was seen in five @entity1 . Tumor @entity39 and @entity548 were seen in seven @entity1 . @entity5 were well defined from the renal cortex in four @entity1 . Lobules of @entity5 were seen in seven @entity1 . CONCLUSION: CT findings of @entity730 , subcapsular @entity1410 , and lobular appearance in a large, centrally located, and heterogeneous renal mass in a @entity1 suggest a @entity5606 .

title: @entity5606 of the kidney in XXXX : CT findings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children', 'infants', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'tumors', 'primary tumor', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity5606 :: ('MESH:D018335', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdoid tumor of the kidney']

entities_list: @entity1350 :: ('MESH:D019043', 'Disease') :: ['vascular invasion']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study investigated whether @entity2204 ( @entity2204 ) was associated with the presence of @entity1 herpes virus ( @entity780 B in @entity1315 ( @entity1315 ). Polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine @entity2204 polymorphism in 46 @entity1 with @entity1315 and 19 controls. Nested PCR and real-time PCR were applied to determine @entity780 B DNA and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for @entity780 B protein. Viral DNA load was significantly increased in @entity1315 @entity1 with @entity780 B(+)/ @entity2204 compared with those with @entity780 B(+)/non- @entity2204 (p=0.031). Semi-quantitative analysis of IHC showed significantly increased number of positive cells for @entity780 B proteins G116/64/54, P98 and U94 in @entity1 with @entity780 B(+)/ @entity2204 than @entity780 B(+)/non- @entity2204 (p=0.009, 0.035 and 0.009, respectively). @entity1 with @entity780 B(+)/ @entity2204 showed higher @entity410 frequency than those with @entity780 B(+)/non- @entity2204 (p=0.005). There was no significant difference of @entity2204 alleles between @entity1315 with and without @entity780 B (p=0.115). @entity2204 was not associated with initial infection of @entity780 B in @entity1315 . However, @entity2204 may facilitate @entity780 B reactivation, DNA replication, virus protein expression and increase @entity410 frequency in @entity1315 . Further investigations are needed to understand the biomolecular mechanism underlying interaction between @entity2204 and @entity780 B.

title: @entity2204 may increase viral load and @entity410 frequency in XXXX @entity1 with positive @entity1 herpes virus 6B.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2204 :: ('348', 'Gene') :: ['ApoE4', 'apolipoprotein 4', 'ApoE']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['MTLE', 'mesial temporal lobe epilepsy']

answer: @entity1315 :: (MESH:D004833,Disease) :: ['mesial temporal lobe epilepsy']


abstract: Filariasis presenting with @entity2294 with tamponade is rare. We report a case of a 30-year-old female who was admitted with severe @entity1353 and @entity662 since 2 days. Echocardiogram showed massive @entity2294 with tamponade. Pericardial fluid aspiration drained 1.2 L of hemorrhagic fluid. Cytology examination revealed microfilaria of @entity10065 . She was treated with @entity6566 and discharged. Six weeks later, she presented again with massive @entity2294 with @entity2293 . Pericardiocentesis was done. Cytology examination revealed microfilaria of @entity10065 . This time she was treated with @entity3070 and @entity3753 and cured. Hemorrhagic @entity1143 resolved completely. Though relatively uncommon, @entity66 must always be considered in the etiological diagnosis of recurrent @entity2294 .

title: Recurrent Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusion and Tamponade due to Filariasis Successfully Treated with XXXX and @entity3753 .

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity3070 :: ('MESH:D007559', 'Chemical') :: ['ivermectin']

entities_list: @entity6566 :: ('MESH:D004049', 'Chemical') :: ['diethyl carbamazine']

entities_list: @entity3753 :: ('MESH:D015766', 'Chemical') :: ['albendazole']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['tropical diseases']

entities_list: @entity2293 :: ('MESH:D002305', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tamponade']

entities_list: @entity2294 :: ('MESH:D010490', 'Disease') :: ['pericardial effusion']

entities_list: @entity10065 :: ('6293', 'Species') :: ['W. bancrofti', 'Wuchereria bancrofti']

answer: @entity3070 :: (MESH:D007559,Chemical) :: ['Ivermectin']


abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) can be difficult to detect using CT due to poor and heterogeneous contrast. @entity5748 ( @entity5748 ) allows @entity1496 contrast optimization using noise-optimized monoenergetic extrapolations (MEIs) and @entity1496 maps (IMs). Our aim was to assess whether MEI and IM could improve the delineation of @entity715 material within @entity1496 -enhanced blood compared to single-energy CT (SECT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six vessel phantoms, including @entity1 @entity715 and contrast media-enhanced blood and one phantom without contrast, were placed in an attenuation phantom and scanned with @entity5748 100/140  kV and SECT 120  kV. IM, virtual non-contrast images (VNC), mixed images, and MEI were calculated. Attenuation of thrombi and blood were measured. Contrast and contrast-to-noise-ratios (CNRs) were calculated and compared among IM, VNC, mixed images, MEI, and SECT using paired t tests. RESULTS: MEI40keV and IM showed significantly higher contrast and CNR than SE120kV from high to intermediate @entity1496 concentrations (contrast:pMEI40keV   <   0.002,pIM   <   0.005;CNR:pMEI40keV   <   0.002,pIM   <   0.004). At low @entity1496 concentrations, MEI190keV and VNC images showed significantly higher contrast and CNR than SE120kV with inverted contrasts (contrast:pMEI190keV   <   0.008,pVNC   <   0.002;CNR:pMEI190keV   <   0.003,pVNC   <   0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Noise-optimized MEI and IM provide significantly higher contrast and CNR in the delineation of @entity715 compared to SECT, which may facilitate the detection of @entity1150 in difficult cases. KEY POINTS:     Poor contrast makes it difficult to detect @entity715 in CT.     Dual-energy-CT allows contrast optimization using monoenergetic extrapolations (MEI) and @entity1496 maps (IM).     Noise-optimized-MEI and IM are significantly superior to single-energy-CT in delineation of @entity715 .     Noise-optimized-MEI and IM may facilitate the detection of deep vein @entity715 .

title: Noise-optimized virtual monoenergetic images and @entity1496 maps for the detection of venous thrombosis in second-generation dual-energy CT ( XXXX ): an ex vivo phantom study.

entities_list: @entity5748 :: ('MESH:D009105', 'Disease') :: ['DECT', 'Dual-energy CT']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['Deep venous thrombosis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus', 'thrombosis', 'thrombotic']

answer: @entity5748 :: (MESH:D009105,Disease) :: ['DECT']


abstract: PURPOSE: Humanized @entity13598 (huA33; IgG1) monoclonal antibody detects a determinant expressed by 95% of @entity14 and can activate immune cytolytic mechanisms. The present study was designed to (a) define the @entity137 and maximum tolerated dose of huA33 and (b) determine huA33 immunogenicity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: @entity1 (n = 11) with advanced chemotherapy-resistant @entity14 received 4-week cycles of huA33 at 10, 25, or 50 mg/m(2)/week. Serum samples were analyzed using biosensor technology for evidence of @entity778 ( @entity778 ) response. RESULTS: Eight of 11 @entity1 developed a @entity778 response. Significant @entity137 was limited to four @entity1 who developed high @entity778 titers. In two of these cases, infusion-related reactions such as fevers, @entity5084 , facial @entity1671 , and changes in blood pressure were observed, whereas in the other two cases, @entity137 consisted of @entity1910 , fever, or @entity925 . Of three @entity1 who remained @entity778 negative, one achieved a radiographic partial response, with reduction of serum carcinoembryonic antigen from 80 to 3 ng/ml. Four @entity1 had radiographic evidence of stable disease (2, 4, 6, and 12 months), with significant reductions (>25%) in serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels in two cases. CONCLUSIONS: The complementarity-determining region-grafted huA33 antibody is immunogenic in the majority of @entity694 @entity1 (73%). @entity778 activity can be measured reproducibly and quantitatively by BIACORE analysis. Whereas the huA33 construct tested here may be too immunogenic for further clinical development, the antitumor effects observed in the absence of antibody-mediated @entity137 and in this heavily pretreated @entity1 population warrant clinical testing of other IgG1 humanized versions of @entity13598 antibody.

title: Phase I study of anticolon cancer humanized antibody XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['HAHA', 'human antihuman antibody']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity13598 :: (10223,Gene) :: ['A33']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: Amyloid-b positron emission tomography (PET) imaging allows in vivo detection of fibrillar plaques, a core neuropathological feature of @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Its diagnostic utility is still unclear because amyloid plaques also occur in @entity1 with non- @entity195 . OBJECTIVE: To use individual @entity1 data meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of amyloid positivity on PET in a wide variety of @entity303 syndromes. DATA SOURCES: The MEDLINE and Web of Science databases were searched from January 2004 to April 2015 for amyloid PET studies. STUDY SELECTION: Case reports and studies on neurological or @entity146 diseases other than @entity303 were excluded. Corresponding authors of eligible cohorts were invited to provide individual @entity1 data. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Data were provided for 1359 @entity1 with clinically diagnosed @entity195 and 538 @entity1 with non- @entity195 . The reference groups were 1849 healthy control @entity1 (based on amyloid PET) and an independent sample of 1369 @entity195 @entity1 (based on autopsy). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Estimated prevalence of positive amyloid PET scans according to diagnosis, age, and @entity2204 ( @entity2204 )   4 status, using the generalized estimating equations method. RESULTS: The likelihood of amyloid positivity was associated with age and @entity2204 status. In @entity195 , the prevalence of amyloid positivity decreased from age 50 to 90 years in @entity2204 noncarriers (86% [95% CI, 73%-94%] at 50 years to 68% [95% CI, 57%-77%] at 90 years; n   =   377) and to a lesser degree in @entity2204 carriers (97% [95% CI, 92%-99%] at 50 years to 90% [95% CI, 83%-94%] at 90 years; n   =   593; P   <   .01). Similar associations of age and @entity2204 with amyloid positivity were observed in @entity1 with @entity195 at autopsy. In most non- @entity195 @entity303 , amyloid positivity increased with both age (from 60 to 80 years) and @entity2204 carriership ( @entity303 with @entity1832 : carriers [n   =   16], 63% [95% CI, 48%-80%] at 60 years to 83% [95% CI, 67%-92%] at 80 years; noncarriers [n   =   18], 29% [95% CI, 15%-50%] at 60 years to 54% [95% CI, 30%-77%] at 80 years; @entity4943 : carriers [n   =   48], 19% [95% CI, 12%-28%] at 60 years to 43% [95% CI, 35%-50%] at 80 years; noncarriers [n   =   160], 5% [95% CI, 3%-8%] at 60 years to 14% [95% CI, 11%-18%] at 80 years; @entity1294 : carriers [n   =   30], 25% [95% CI, 9%-52%] at 60 years to 64% [95% CI, 49%-77%] at 80 years; noncarriers [n   =   77], 7% [95% CI, 3%-18%] at 60 years to 29% [95% CI, 17%-43%] at 80 years. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among @entity1 with @entity303 , the prevalence of amyloid positivity was associated with clinical diagnosis, age, and @entity2204 genotype. These findings indicate the potential clinical utility of amyloid imaging for differential diagnosis in early-onset @entity303 and to support the clinical diagnosis of @entity1 with @entity195 and noncarrier @entity2204 status who are older than 70 years.

title: Prevalence of amyloid PET positivity in XXXX syndromes: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity2204 :: ('348', 'Gene') :: ['apolipoprotein E', 'APOE', 'APOE   4']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementias', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity1294 :: ('MESH:D015140', 'Disease') :: ['vascular dementia']

entities_list: @entity1832 :: ('MESH:D020961', 'Disease') :: ['Lewy bodies']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', 'AD dementia', 'Alzheimer disease']

entities_list: @entity4943 :: ('MESH:D057180', 'Disease') :: ['frontotemporal dementia']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: The eye is relatively impermeable to micro-organisms and other environmental elements. However, if corneal integrity is breached by trauma, a sight-threatening @entity2348 can result. @entity794 , @entity796 , and @entity328 are the most common bacterial pathogens associated with @entity281 of compromised corneas. Bacterial enzymes and toxins, as well as factors associated with the host immune response, can lead to tissue destruction during @entity281 . For successful therapy, an antibacterial agent must be active against the pathogen and must be able to overcome the permeability barrier of the @entity267 . Topical application of antibacterial agents adequately delivers drugs to the @entity267 . However, drug concentrations at the site of @entity281 are not always sufficient to rapidly kill infective organisms. Infections with antibiotic-resistant strains present an even greater therapeutic challenge. In addition, sterilisation of the @entity267 by antibacterial agents does not eliminate @entity32 and corneal scarring that accompany @entity281 . Steroidal and non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents limit corneal scarring during experimentally induced @entity1036 . However, although promising, concomitant use of these drugs with antibacterial agents remains controversial. Two ocular drug delivery systems that provide high and sustained concentrations of drug to ocular tissues are corneal collagen shields and transcorneal iontophoresis. The collagen shield, originally designed as a bandage lens, prolongs drug contact with the @entity267 . Chemotherapeutic studies of experimental @entity1036 demonstrate that shields hydrated with antibacterial agents reduce bacteria in the @entity267 as well as or better than frequent applications of fortified antibacterial drops. Transcorneal iontophoresis uses an electric current to drive charged drugs into the @entity267 . In experimentally induced @entity1036 , transcorneal iontophoresis of antibacterial agents is superior to topically administered ocular drops for reducing the numbers of bacteria in the @entity267 . Although both drug delivery systems appear to be well tolerated and nontoxic in animal models, clinical trials in @entity1 are required to determine the usefulness of these drug delivery systems in clinical trials. Based on present experimental results, future therapy of @entity1036 will involve efficient drug delivery devices, the use of new antibacterial agents or combinations of presently available antibacterial agents, and careful use of adjuvant anti-inflammatory agents.

title: Pharmacokinetic considerations in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity267 :: ('MESH:D065306', 'Disease') :: ['cornea', 'cornea and aqueous humour']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial keratitis']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'corneal infection']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity1036 :: (MESH:D007634,Disease) :: ['bacterial keratitis']


abstract: Elidel is a @entity134 -free cream containing a 1% strength of the topical immunomodulator pimecrolimus. Elidel was specifically developed as a treatment for @entity483 ( @entity483 ) and is approved for use in @entity1 as young as 2 years of age. The production of inflammatory cytokines by activated T cells in skin is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity483 . Elidel potently suppresses cytokine production by dermal T cells without significantly impairing systemic immune responses. Elidel does not cause steroid-associated local effects, such as @entity194 , striae, or @entity8721 . In randomized controlled clinical studies, twice-daily application of Elidel was shown to significantly improve the signs and symptoms of @entity483 in @entity1 , @entity1 , and adults. The clinical effect of Elidel on @entity111 , the most troublesome symptom of @entity483 , can be observed within 1 week of therapy and is maintained for the duration of treatment. Elidel is well tolerated; the risk of application-site reactions, such as itching or burning, is comparable with that of the vehicle. Adverse effects were generally mild in @entity1 receiving Elidel and occurred at rates comparable with those in @entity1 receiving vehicle treatment. In a 1-year study, Elidel significantly reduced the incidence of flares when used at the first signs and symptoms of acute @entity483 . As a result, overall corticosteroid use to treat flares was significantly lower in @entity1 using Elidel for early intervention.

title: Elidel (pimecrolimus) cream 1%: a nonsteroidal topical agent for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis', 'AD']

entities_list: @entity8721 :: ('MESH:D013684', 'Disease') :: ['telangiectasia']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['dermal atrophy']

answer: @entity483 :: (MESH:D003876,Disease) :: ['atopic dermatitis']


abstract: @entity241 ( @entity241 ) is a locally aggressive cutaneous @entity5 that exhibits a marked tendency for recurrence after local excision. This case series aims to study the clinical, histological and immunohistochemical features of @entity241 in Asians. Ten @entity1 with @entity241 diagnosed between 1992 and 2001 were reviewed. There were more @entity1 than @entity1 in a ratio of 4:1. There were six Chinese, two Malays, one Indian and one Eurasian. The mean age was 38 years. The duration of each lesion before excision varied from 6 months to 27 years. Fifty per cent of @entity5 occurred on the trunk. On histology, all the lesions were dermal-centred spindle cell @entity5 , extending to the subcutis, and exhibited the characteristic storiform pattern. One @entity5 also demonstrated @entity241 . Two @entity5 were of the rare pigmented variant ( @entity5 ). Immunohistochemistry with @entity2280 was positive in all cases, except the @entity5 , which was negative for @entity2280 . For comparison, six cases of deep-penetrating @entity3074 were stained for @entity2280 and all showed an absence of @entity2280 expression. Wide excision of the @entity5 was performed in all cases of @entity241 . There was no recurrence after mean follow up of 6 years (range 2.25-9.5 years).

title: XXXX : a clinicopathological analysis of 10 cases in Asians.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'Bednar tumour', 'tumours', 'fibrosarcomatous area of one tumour', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity241 :: ('MESH:D018223', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcomatous changes', 'Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans', 'DFSP']

entities_list: @entity3074 :: ('MESH:D018219', 'Disease') :: ['dermatofibroma']

answer: @entity241 :: (MESH:D018223,Disease) :: ['Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity4259 is essential for biological systems at low concentrations and toxic at higher levels. Heavy metals and metalloids such as @entity4259 are major contaminants in 40% of hazardous waste sites. Thus, bioremediation has been considered as an effective means of cleaning up of @entity4259 -contaminated sites. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 30 strains were isolated from wastewater samples collected from @entity4259 -contaminated sites in Qom, Iran using the enrichment culture technique. One bacterial strain designated QW4, identified as Proteus hauseri by morphological, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was studied for its ability to tolerate different concentrations of @entity71700 (100-800 mM). Also, the disk diffusion method was performed to determine resistance to some antibiotics. RESULTS: Strain QW4 showed maximum minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to @entity71700 (760 mM). The maximum @entity71700 removal was exhibited at 35   C, while the removal activity reduced by 30.7% and 37% at 25   C and 40   C, respectively. The optimum pH and shaking incubator for removal activity was shown to be 7.0 and 150 rpm, with 60.2% and 60.3%, respectively. This bacterial strain was resistant to some antibiotics. CONCLUSION: The concentration of toxic @entity71700 (1000  g/ml) in the supernatant of the bacterial culture medium decreased by 100% after 2 days and the color of the medium changed to red due to the formation of less toxic elemental @entity4259 . Also, our results imply that heavy metal pollution may contribute to increased antibiotic resistance through indirect selection.

title: High potential application in bioremediation of XXXX by Proteus hauseri strain QW4.

entities_list: @entity4259 :: ('MESH:D012643', 'Chemical') :: ['selenium', 'Selenium']

entities_list: @entity71700 :: ('MESH:D064586', 'Chemical') :: ['selenate', 'sodium selenate']

answer: @entity71700 :: (MESH:D064586,Chemical) :: ['selenate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Acquired @entity1422 is a rare @entity548 resulting from impaired adhesive function of the platelet receptor @entity1427 /IIIa (alpha(IIb)beta3). Typically, this disorder develops during adulthood, with @entity1 manifesting fluctuating clinical and laboratory findings. To date, the underlying defect of most if not all cases of acquired @entity1422 results from an autoantibody or plasma protein inhibitor directed toward a demonstrably normal @entity1427 /IIIa glycoprotein. METHODS: In this report, a @entity1 with a history of treated @entity978 presented with a severe @entity548 characterized by mild @entity882 , a prolonged bleeding time, and defective @entity1423 . RESULTS: Examination of the @entity1 's platelet @entity1427 /IIIa by Western blot analysis revealed no abnormality. Mixing studies demonstrated a non-immunoglobulin G plasma inhibitory factor, whereas flow cytometry analysis revealed elevated platelet-associated immunoglobulin (Ig) M. After an emergency colectomy for severe @entity548 , the @entity1 's qualitative and quantitative platelet parameters significantly improved. Pathology of the resected colonic segment demonstrated atypical @entity706 . CONCLUSIONS: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of acquired @entity1422 associated with a putative IgM autoantibody. Furthermore, this report verifies the association of acquired @entity1422 with @entity1071 . Although rare, awareness of this @entity548 as a possible sequelae of active or treated @entity706 should encourage clinical vigilance of these @entity1 .

title: Acquired XXXX associated with @entity978 : a case report and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoproliferative disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic diathesis', 'hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoid disorders', 'lymphoid hyperplastic lesions']

entities_list: @entity1422 :: ('MESH:D013915', 'Disease') :: ["Glanzmann's thrombasthenia", 'thrombasthenia']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity1422 :: (MESH:D013915,Disease) :: ['Glanzmann's thrombasthenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: France has high rates of psychotropic drug consumption and suicide in the elderly population, but it has not yet been possible to determine whether this is due to exceptionally high morbidity rates. AIMS: To describe the first longitudinal population study of @entity146 undertaken in France, and to estimate current and lifetime prevalences and age of onset of @entity146 . METHOD: A study group of 1873 non-institutionalised @entity1 aged 65 years and over was randomly recruited from the Montpellier district electoral rolls. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview was used to assess current and lifetime symptoms. Cases identified by the application of DSM-IV criteria were re-examined by a clinical panel. RESULTS: Forty-six per cent of the study population had experienced a @entity146 in their lifetime, and 3.7% had made a suicide attempt. Lifetime prevalence of @entity308 was 26.5% and 30% for @entity148 . Current prevalence rates were 14.2% for @entity148 , 10.7% for @entity913 , 3% for @entity308 and 1.7% for @entity716 . CONCLUSIONS: Results show very high rates of lifetime but not current @entity308 . Rates of current @entity913 and suicidal ideation in the very elderly are also high compared with other studies. The rates reported are likely to be underestimates.

title: Prevalence of DSM-IV XXXX in the French elderly population.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['major depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorder', 'psychiatric disorder']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorders']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric disorder']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objectives: Pituitary stem cells play a role in the oncogenesis of @entity1 @entity976 ( @entity976 ). We hypothesized that crosstalk between the Wnt/ @entity3546 and @entity4851 ( @entity4851 ) pathways, both of which are important in normal pituitary development, would contribute to the pathogenesis of @entity976 . Design: To explore the mRNA and protein expression of components of the @entity4851 signaling pathway in @entity976 and their relationship with the identification of @entity3546 / @entity3546 mutations and @entity1 outcomes. @entity1 _ Methods: In 18 aCP samples, @entity3546 was sequenced, and the mRNA expression levels of @entity4851 pathway members ( @entity4851 , @entity2750 , @entity2751 , @entity8889 , @entity1357 , @entity26775 and @entity25181 ) and @entity2751 , @entity8889 , @entity26775 , @entity25181 , @entity3546 , and Ki67 proteins were evaluated by qPCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Anterior normal @entity4611 were used as controls. Associations between molecular findings and clinical data were analyzed. Results: The @entity976 presented higher mRNA expression of @entity4851 (+400-fold change [FC]; P<0.01), @entity8889 (+102-FC; P<0.001) and @entity26775 (+5.1-FC; P<0.01) than normal anterior @entity4611 . Longer disease-free survival was associated with low @entity2751 and @entity25181 mRNA expression (P<0.01 and P=0.02, respectively). @entity3546 / @entity3546 mutations were found in 47% of the samples. @entity976 with identified mutations presented with higher mRNA expression of @entity2751 and @entity8889 (+4.3-FC; P=0.02 and +10.2-FC; P=0.03, respectively). @entity2751 , @entity8889 , @entity26775 , and @entity25181 staining was found in 85%, 67%, 93%, and 64% of the samples, respectively. Strong @entity8889 and @entity26775 staining was detected in palisade cells, which also labeled Ki67, a marker of cell proliferation. Conclusions: The upregulation of @entity4851 signaling occurs in @entity976 . Thus, activation of Wnt/ @entity3546 and @entity4851 pathways, both of which are important in pituitary embryogenesis, appears to contribute to the pathogenesis of aCP.

title: XXXX pathway is up regulated in @entity976 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitaries']

entities_list: @entity976 :: ('MESH:D003397', 'Disease') :: ['adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas', 'aCPs']

answer: @entity4851 :: (6469,Gene) :: ['Sonic Hedgehog']


abstract: The authors had 75 @entity1 with @entity583 under observation. After the 15th day of the disease various @entity299 and conductivity were revealed in 85% of @entity1 during cardiomonitor surveillance. The most frequent occurrences were @entity1540 (72.5%), sinus @entity1168 (40%) and @entity11706 (37.5%). @entity2224 was noted in 4 (5.3%) @entity1 two of whom were resuscitated. In 50 @entity1 with @entity583 of more than one month duration @entity299 during physical load were studied (dosed walking under telectrocardiographic control and/or on a treadmill). During dosed waling 28% of @entity1 developed @entity943 or it was intensified (sinus @entity591 was not taken into account). During a load on a treadmill such changes were encountered in 30% of @entity1 . A favourable effect of treatment with @entity2643 was produced in most @entity1 with @entity1540 some of whom were resistant to lidocain treatment. A good effect was produced in some @entity1 by means of the pulsnorma or rythmodan. Beta-adrenergic blocking agents as well as cordaron and @entity1855 were effective in @entity7129 . Hyperbaric oxygenation was used in 14 @entity1 with disorders of rhythm. Disappearance of @entity943 or considerable improvement was registered in 11 @entity1 after treatment consisting of 10-12 procedures.

title: [Late XXXX in @entity583 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['cordarone']

entities_list: @entity11706 :: ('MESH:D018880', 'Disease') :: ['atrial extrasystole']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['Primary ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular extrasystole']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['disorders of cardiac rhythm']

entities_list: @entity7129 :: ('MESH:D013616', 'Disease') :: ['atrial extrasystole and sinus tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['arrhythmias']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: : Bone tissue engineering via endochondral ossification has been explored by chondrogenically priming cells using soluble mediators for at least 3 weeks to produce a @entity1184 cartilage template. Although recapitulation of endochondral ossification has been achieved, long-term in vitro culture is required for priming cells through repeated supplementation of inductive factors in the media. To address this challenge, a microparticle-based growth factor delivery system was engineered to drive endochondral ossification within @entity1 bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) aggregates. Sequential exogenous presentation of soluble @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) and @entity1841 ( @entity1841 ) at various defined time courses resulted in varying degrees of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis as demonstrated by glycosaminoglycan and @entity460 content. The time course that best induced endochondral ossification was used to guide the development of the microparticle-based controlled delivery system for @entity2533 and @entity1841 . Gelatin microparticles capable of relatively rapid release of @entity2533 and mineral-coated @entity692 microparticles permitting more sustained release of @entity1841 were then incorporated within hMSC aggregates and cultured for 5 weeks following the predetermined time course for sequential presentation of bioactive signals. Compared with cell-only aggregates treated with exogenous growth factors, aggregates with incorporated @entity2533 - and @entity1841 -loaded microparticles exhibited enhanced chondrogenesis and alkaline phosphatase activity at week 2 and a greater degree of mineralization by week 5. Staining for types I and II collagen, osteopontin, and osteocalcin revealed the presence of cartilage and bone. This microparticle-incorporated system has potential as a readily implantable therapy for healing @entity79 without the need for long-term in vitro chondrogenic priming. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates the regulation of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis with regard to endochondral bone formation in high-density stem cell systems through the controlled presentation of inductive factors from incorporated microparticles. This work lays the foundation for a rapidly implantable tissue engineering system that promotes bone repair via endochondral ossification, a pathway that can delay the need for a functional vascular network and has an intrinsic ability to promote angiogenesis. The modular nature of this system lends well to using different cell types and/or growth factors to induce endochondral bone formation, as well as the production of other tissue types.

title: Controlled Dual Growth Factor Delivery From Microparticles Incorporated Within XXXX Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aggregates for Enhanced Bone Tissue Engineering via Endochondral Ossification.

entities_list: @entity1841 :: ('650', 'Gene') :: ['BMP-2', 'bone morphogenetic protein-2']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone defects']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor-b1', 'TGF-b1']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: Octreotide ( @entity2390 ) is a synthetic analog of @entity1943 , an endogenous GH inhibitory peptide that has been used as an adjunct to surgery and radiotherapy in the treatment of @entity2012 . When given sc in divided daily doses, it lowers serum GH to less than 5 micrograms/L in approximately 50% of cases. Data suggest that continuous infusions of @entity1943 analogs may be more effective in lowering GH. We have evaluated @entity73208 , a new long-acting preparation of Sandostatin, in eight @entity1 with @entity2012 . After an initial pharmacokinetic study, @entity1 received a minimum of 10 im injections of @entity73208 (20, 30, or 40 mg) at 28- or 42-day intervals. Serum GH levels decreased from 10.7 +/- 2.8 micrograms/L (mean +/- SE) at baseline to a nadir of 2.6 +/- 0.4 micrograms/L after the tenth injection, and to less than 5 micrograms/L in every patient. Serum insulin-like growth factor-I decreased from 927 +/- 108 ng/mL at baseline to 472 +/- 59 ng/mL at the end of the sixth injection and returned to normal (< 500 ng/mL) in seven of the eight @entity1 . This was associated with significant improvements in @entity10 , @entity4841 , and sweating. There was no evidence of @entity2390 accumulation, and the drug was well tolerated. To date, no @entity5990 have occurred, and serial pituitary imaging has revealed no increase in the size of the initial @entity977 . In particular, two previously untreated @entity1 have shown complete regression of the initial microadenoma and have serum GH values of less than 2.5 micrograms/L. @entity73208 is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for @entity1 with @entity2012 . Undoubtedly the initial indication for @entity73208 will be in the @entity1 who is not cured after surgery and radiotherapy, but our experience suggests that it may be used as a primary treatment in some acromegalics.

title: Depot long-acting XXXX analog ( @entity73208 ) is an effective treatment for @entity2012 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['gallstones']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity73208 :: ('MESH:C541923', 'Chemical') :: ['Sandostatin-LAR']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary tumor']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide', 'Sandostatin']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity1943 :: (MESH:D013004,Chemical) :: ['somatostatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Establishing the value of neurological examination, and additional diagnostic methods (ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain) in the diagnosis and prognosis of @entity2806 and its treatment, tracking the clinical course, and making the prognosis of neurological development in newborn @entity1 with @entity2806 . METHODS: The group of 40 term newborn @entity1 with suspected intrauterine @entity1763 was examined. All the @entity1 were prospectively followed until the 3rd year of age at the Clinic for Neurology and Psychiatry for @entity1 and Youth in order to estimate their neurological development and to diagnose the occurrence of persistent @entity16 . All the @entity1 were analyzed by their gestational age and Apgar score in the 1st and the 5th minute of life. They were all examined neurologically and by ultrasonography in the first week of life and, repeatedly, at the age of 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, as well as in the 24th month of life. They were treated by the standard methods for this disease. Finally, all the @entity1 were examined neurologically and by magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in their 3rd year of age. On the basis of neurological finding @entity1 were divided into 3 groups: @entity1 with normal neurological finding, @entity1 with mild neurological symptomatology, and @entity1 with severe @entity16 . RESULTS: It was shown that neurological finding, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain positively correlated with the later neurological development of the @entity1 with @entity2806 . CONCLUSION: Only the combined use of these techniques had full diagnostic and prognostic significance, emphasizing that the integrative approach was very important in the diagnosis of @entity75 in @entity1 .

title: [Clinical course and prognosis in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Children', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesions']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorders']

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy']


abstract: Synthesis and secretion of milk proteins ( @entity53970 , beta-casein, @entity10899 , and @entity3654 ) by cultured primary @entity19 mammary epithelial cells is modulated by the extracellular matrix. In cells grown on released or "floating" type I collagen gels, mRNA for beta-casein and @entity3654 is increased as much as 30-fold over cells grown on plastic. Induction of beta-casein expression depends strongly on the presence of lactogenic hormones, especially prolactin, in the culture. When cells are plated onto partially purified reconstituted basement membrane, dramatic changes in morphology and @entity10899 gene expression are observed. Cells cultured on the matrix for 6 to 8 d in the presence of prolactin, insulin, and @entity701 form hollow spheres and duct-like structures that are completely surrounded by matrix. The cells lining these spheres appear actively secretory and are oriented with their apices facing the lumen. Hybridization experiments indicate that mRNA for beta-casein can be increased as much as 70-fold in these cultures. Because greater than 90% of the cultured cells synthesize immunoreactive beta-casein, as compared with only 40% of cells in the late pregnant gland, the matrix appears to be able to induce protein expression in previously silent cells. Synthesis of laminin and assembly of a mammary-specific basal lamina by cells cultured on different extracellular matrices also appears to depend on the presence of lactogenic hormones. These studies provide support for the concept of "dynamic reciprocity" in which complex interactions between extracellular matrix and the cellular cytoskeleton contribute to the induction and maintenance of tissue-specific gene expression in the mammary gland.

title: Regulation of XXXX and basement membrane gene expression: the influence of the extracellular matrix.

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocortisone']

answer: @entity10899 :: (12993(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['milk protein']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Comminuted @entity174 are traditionally treated by internal fixation. The modified tension-band technique is widely accepted for internal fixation. The management of comminuted @entity174 often requires additional K-wire and/or circlage material and wide surgical exposure. Therefore, symptoms and complications related to the stainless steel wire are not uncommon in these cases. We present a new alternative treatment technique for @entity9256 . METHODS: Five @entity9256 of four @entity1 were treated by circular external fixator (CEF) under arthroscopic control. The mean @entity1 age was 32.5 (range 24-41) years and mean follow-up was 22 (range 20-28) months. RESULTS: In four cases, union was completed by the sixth week; in the other case, union was completed by the eighth week. The frames were removed after union of the @entity174 was documented. When the CEF was removed, full knee range of motion was observed full in all @entity1 , and the @entity1 returned to their normal activities of living in a few days. The mean Lysholm score was 94 (range 85-100) after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: CEF application under arthroscopic control can help avoid some complications of the traditional treatment methods, particularly in comminuted @entity174 . The most important advantage of this technique is to allow active knee motion in the early postoperative period so @entity1 can return to activity of daily living soon after the implant removal. In addition, arthroscopic examination of the knee joint provides an assessment of any other @entity75 . This technique allows healing of the @entity174 with low morbidity.

title: Application of circular external fixator under arthroscopic control in comminuted patella XXXX : technique and early results.

entities_list: @entity9256 :: ('MESH:D018460', 'Disease') :: ['comminuted patellar fractures']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['intra-articular lesions']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fractures of the patella', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: A randomized, single-blind study was designed to assess the effect of @entity10042 alone and @entity10042 plus @entity115 on the healing and eradication rates in @entity1534 -associated @entity10189 . Seventy-nine @entity1 with @entity2275 and 54 @entity1 with duodenal @entity1066 were randomly assigned to two treatment groups. Group 1 received @entity10042 30 mg daily for 8 weeks for @entity2275 or 6 weeks for duodenal @entity1066 . Group 2 received the group 1 regimen plus @entity115 2 g daily for 2 weeks. Healing rates at 8 weeks for the @entity2275 @entity1 were 92 and 84% in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p = not significant). Healing rates at 6 weeks for duodenal @entity1066 were 96% in group 1 and 100% in group 2 (p = not significant). The eradication rates of @entity1534 for @entity2275 @entity1 were 21 and 54% in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p < 0.05). The @entity1534 eradication rates for duodenal @entity1066 @entity1 were 5 and 73% in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p < 0.001). The @entity1534 eradication rates in group 2 were significantly higher than in group 1. @entity10042 was effective for eradicating @entity1534 in this study.

title: Clinical efficacy of XXXX in eradication of @entity1534 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10189 :: ('MESH:D010437', 'Disease') :: ['peptic ulcer disease']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity10042 :: ('MESH:C058687', 'Chemical') :: ['lansoprazole', 'Lansoprazole']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcers', 'gastric ulcer']

answer: @entity10042 :: (MESH:C058687,Chemical) :: ['lansoprazole']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Extracranial @entity1914 are uncommon @entity455 . Even with conservative management complications can arise, such as delayed cerebral @entity887 due to flow-limitation. Though endovascular therapy can be curative, literature demonstrating a preferred technique is scant. Our goal was to evaluate the use of one technique only - the deployment of overlapping self-expandable porous stents - to treat a series of extracranial @entity1914 . METHODS: From 2008 to 2014, 14 consecutive cases of symptomatic extracranial @entity1914 were managed with single or multi-layer porous stents at our institution. Each @entity1 underwent a standardized angiographic follow-up at 6 months. Twelve @entity1 also received a follow-up CT angiogram at 12 months, and yearly thereafter (median radiographic follow-up = 38 months). The total clinical follow-up period ranged between 6 and 69 months (median = 46 months). RESULTS: In our series, each of the extracranial @entity1914 appeared to be the result of carotid artery dissection with associated @entity543 at the origin of every @entity2849 . Endovascular treatment consisted of one to three layers of self-expandable porous stents placed without balloon angioplasty. Immediate post-stenting angiographic images were notable for stagnant opacification of the @entity2849 through the stent(s). All @entity2849 were completely obliterated by the 6-month follow-up angiogram and remained so throughout the radiographic follow-up period. Complications were minimal, consisting of one @entity1 developing a mild post-treatment @entity4820 that resolved during clinical follow-up. CONCLUSION: Extracranial @entity1914 can be successfully obliterated with the use of porous, self-expandable stents alone.

title: Efficacy of a Self-Expandable Porous Stent as the Sole Curative Treatment for Extracranial Carotid XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolization or symptoms']

entities_list: @entity4820 :: ('MESH:D006732', 'Disease') :: ["Horner's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1914 :: ('MESH:D020212', 'Disease') :: ['carotid pseudoaneurysms']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm', 'pseudoaneurysms']

answer: @entity2849 :: (MESH:D017541,Disease) :: ['Pseudoaneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence, clinical presentation and pathological prognostic factors affecting disease outcome of @entity1358 in young adults less than 40 years old. METHODS: The charts o medical records of 400 @entity1 treated surgically for @entity1358 between January 1984 and December 1999 were reviewed. 29 (7.25%) @entity1 were under 40. We used ANOVA regression and Chisquare (Fisher exact test) to assess the prognostic value of the quantitative and qualitative variables, respectively. Estimation of the survival distributions were calculated according to Kaplan-Meier method and compared with Log rank test. Multivariate analysis of the entire population utilizing Cox models was performed. RESULTS: The most common histological cell type was @entity1358 , found in 20 (69%) @entity1 . At a median follow-up of 80 months, 20 (69%) @entity1 were disease free and 9 (31%) died of the disease. Incidental discovery (p = 0.05), @entity5 stage (p = 0.043), grade (p = 0.011), lymphatic invasion (p < 0.0001) @entity3 (p = 0.003), adrenal invasion (p = 0.024), and @entity8 (p < 0.0001) were associated with prognosis (Kaplan-Meier). When comparing @entity1 less than 40 years vs. older than 40 years, we found significant differences in histology type ( @entity1358 69% vs. 91%; p = 0.0001), and @entity5 stage at presentation (pT2 = 34.5% vs. 17.3%; p = 0.04) ( @entity1803 = 20.7% vs. 42%; p = 0.03). Disease free survival was not significantly different between the two groups (69% vs. 65.7%; Log rank test p = 0.4). CONCLUSION: Although rare, @entity1358 in young adults seems to follow a course similar to the disease seen in older @entity1 . Among the prognostic factors studied incidental discovery, pathological stage of the @entity5 and grade, were associated with survival. Stage at presentation was different between the two populations however survival was not affected by age.

title: XXXX in young adults: incidence, disease outcome and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal vein invasion']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['clear cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['Renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: Immunosuppressive agents increase the vulnerability of solid organ transplant @entity1 to @entity1292 . An atypical clinical presentation of a @entity2348 makes diagnosis and treatment even more challenging in this population. A 54-year-old @entity101 @entity1 underwent a cadaveric kidney transplant after years on hemodialysis. Her treatment included @entity6051 , @entity1140 , and @entity229 . By post-transplant week 8, she had @entity55 followed by progressive @entity410 . Diagnostic work-up, consisting of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and chest x-ray, showed several cerebral ring-enhancing lesions, and a pulmonary cavitary lesion. @entity7180 was suspected and therapy was started. Skin biopsy was taken from a nodular lesion and culture confirmed @entity7180 . During hospitalization, @entity51 persisted with worsening of @entity75 . She underwent excision of a @entity867 and the final pathologic report showed mucormycosis, revealing the @entity1 's co-infection by 2 different pathogens. After therapy with liposomal @entity2379 and @entity7143 , she has remained stable for more than 1 year. @entity7180 masked and delayed the diagnosis and treatment of a more @entity146 and worrisome organism. @entity2583 , as a non-fatal isolated @entity867 without rhinal involvement, is an atypical presentation, and only a few cases have been reported.

title: XXXX masking an atypical zygomycosis presentation in a kidney transplant recipient.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['visual changes and seizures']

entities_list: @entity2583 :: ('MESH:D009091', 'Disease') :: ['Mucormycosis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesions']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial and fungal co-infection']

entities_list: @entity7180 :: ('MESH:D009617', 'Disease') :: ['Nocardia species infection', 'Disseminated nocardiosis']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity1292 :: ('MESH:D009894', 'Disease') :: ['opportunistic infections']

entities_list: @entity7143 :: ('MESH:C101425', 'Chemical') :: ['posaconazole']

entities_list: @entity6051 :: ('CHEBI:168396', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate']

entities_list: @entity867 :: ('MESH:D001922', 'Disease') :: ['brain abscess']

answer: @entity7180 :: (MESH:D009617,Disease) :: ['Disseminated nocardiosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data from Egyptian studies provide widely varying estimates on the prevalence of preinvasive @entity75 . The aim of this study was to estimate the rate of @entity3146 ( @entity3146 ) in Egyptian @entity1 living in Alexandria to clarify the need for implementing a national organized screening program and a vaccination program in our community. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted over a 6 years period and covered the different socioeconomic levels to have a representative sample for @entity1 living in Alexandria. All @entity1 included did not have any @entity74 related complaints. Conventional Pap smears were obtained and diagnosed using the Bethesda system. @entity1 with abnormal Pap smears were managed according to the 2006 consensus guidelines within the available facilities. Persistent abnormal cytological results were referred for colposcopic biopsy. Histological results were grouped into: Reactive changes, @entity3146 1, @entity3146 2/ @entity3146 3 and @entity15709 ( @entity15709 ). RESULTS: Out of the 6173 smears included in the study 6072 (98.36%) were normal and only 101 (1.63%) were abnormal. After colposcopic biopsies, 0.08% had @entity3146 1, 0.03% had @entity3146 2, 3 and 0.01% had @entity15709 . CONCLUSION: We concluded that cervical @entity5 screening programs, although life-saving for a number of @entity1 , are not a sufficiently high priority in our community. Money for national health screening programs should preferably be directed more towards recruiting @entity1 for @entity0 screening, since @entity0 accounts for about 33% of all female cancers in Egypt ranking number one, while cervical @entity5 ranks number 13.

title: Cervical intraepithelial lesions in females attending XXXX 's Health Clinics in Alexandria, Egypt.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cervical lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['cervical disorder']

entities_list: @entity15709 :: ('MESH:D065311', 'Disease') :: ['AIS', 'adenocarcinoma in-situ']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia', 'CIN']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: Subgroup J avian leucosis virus ( @entity3322 -J) causes great economic losses in the poultry industry. One in 3 grandparent farms was closed due to @entity3322 -J infection in 1998 in Taiwan. The remaining 2 farms were forced to import breeding chicks from different breeding companies afterwards. We report on the @entity3322 -J infection status among these breeders, their progeny and Taiwan native @entity1573 during 2000-2002. The weekly mortality for the male line among the infected breeders was higher than that for the female line. Sixty-three percent (5/8) of the broiler flocks were infected with @entity3322 -J. The surface (SU) portion of the @entity72448 gene from the @entity3322 -J field isolates was cloned and sequenced. The phylogenetic results show that all of the isolates fell into 2 clusters. Unexpectedly, the isolates from the same breeds fell into different clusters, with a cluster including isolates from different breeding companies. @entity3322 -Js from native @entity1573 crossbred with imported @entity1573 were placed into the same clusters as those from the imported breeds. The high similarities observed in different @entity3322 -J isolates suggest that different @entity3322 -Js were mixed in the pedigree generations in different breeding lines.

title: Phylogenetic analysis of subgroup J avian leucosis virus from broiler and native XXXX in Taiwan during 2000-2002.

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chickens']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: We previously demonstrated a significant @entity14 risk in @entity29 ( @entity29 ) @entity1 with mucosal changes indefinite for @entity1141 (IND) and the potential diagnostic utility of @entity876 and @entity5822 immunohistochemistry in @entity29 -associated @entity5 . The primary aim of this exploratory study was to determine the predictive value of the two markers for @entity5 risk in the @entity29 -IND population. METHODS: We identified 44 eligible cases with @entity29 and IND in colon biopsy from our pathology database. We semi-quantified the expression of @entity876 and @entity5822 in the colon biopsies by immunohistochemistry and correlated their expression, demographic information, and clinical features with @entity14 outcome. RESULTS: The mean age of the cohort was 46.6        15.1 years, with 25 (56.8%) being male. The median follow-up was 101 months (range: 6-247) after IND diagnosis. Among these 44 @entity1 , 11 (25%) progressed to @entity5 (low-grade @entity1141   =   6; high-grade @entity1141   =   2; @entity5 3) at a median follow-up of 66 months (range: 19-145). Univariate analysis demonstrated that age and @entity876 overexpression were associated with progression to @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Twenty-five percent of @entity1 with @entity29 and IND developed @entity14 or @entity5 . Overexpression of @entity876 and age are associated with @entity5 progression.

title: Overexpression of @entity876 predicts XXXX risk in @entity1 with @entity29 and mucosa changes indefinite for @entity1141 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia', 'neoplastic', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal neoplasia', 'colorectal dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal neoplasia']


abstract: Thirty-five hybridomas that secrete mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAb) against @entity840 (G.P.) tracheal mucins were established. The MAbs were characterized immunologically, biochemically, and immunohistochemically at both light and electron microscopic levels. Isotyping of the MAbs revealed 14 to be IgM, 13 IgG1, 3 IgG2, and 5 IgG3. The MAbs demonstrated various patterns of binding in immunoblots against mucins derived from G.P. tracheal explants. This suggested the presence of "subpopulations" of G.P. tracheal mucins with specific MAbs binding to different epitopes on the mucin molecules. Periodate oxidation indicated that 33 of the 35 MAbs recognized @entity1735 epitopes on the mucin molecules. Ten of the MAbs also reacted with both @entity291 and ferret tracheal mucins, while 7 and 6 MAbs bound only to @entity291 and ferret tracheal mucins, respectively. The generated MAbs should be useful for immunomeasurement of mucin secretion in vivo (e.g., in bronchoalveolar or airway lavage fluid) and in vitro (e.g., cell and organ cultures) from cells of @entity840 and (with certain MAbs) @entity291 and ferret origin.

title: Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against XXXX tracheal mucins.

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea pig']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1756 arising from non-branching sites of the internal carotid artery (ICA) are often difficult to treat by neck clipping or endosaccular coiling. We discuss the feasibility of simple endovascular ICA ligation or trapping to treat @entity439 . METHODS: Data from eleven @entity1 were retrospectively analyzed regarding Hunt and Hess grade on admission, angiographic collateral capacities during digital carotid compression, results of balloon test occlusion of the ipsilateral ICA, type of treatment, and Glasgow outcome scale at discharge. RESULTS: First endovascular treatments were performed by day 5 in four cases. Two @entity1 with good clinical grade and good collateral capacity underwent endovascular ICA trapping in the acute stage and showed good outcomes. Two @entity1 displaying poor clinical grade but good collaterals underwent endosaccular embolization. These @entity439 recurred later and the ICAs were trapped by coils in the chronic stage. Four cases underwent first endovascular treatments in the chronic stage. Three @entity1 with good collaterals underwent endovascular ICA trapping or ligation and showed favorable outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Seven of eleven @entity1 could be treated by endovascular ICA trapping or ligation, which offers a simple, safe method for @entity1756 , if collateral capacity is good and @entity16 is not serious.

title: Treatment of XXXX : feasibility of endovascular trapping or proximal obliteration of the ICA.

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological condition']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['Ruptured aneurysms', 'ruptured ICA trunk aneurysms']

answer: @entity1756 :: (MESH:D017542,Disease) :: ['ruptured internal carotid artery trunk aneurysms']


abstract: PURPOSE: The presence of @entity3 is a major prognostic factor in @entity2828 ( @entity2828 ). The relapse pattern of @entity1 with @entity5 has long indicated that cases with disseminated @entity2828 cells escape detection at diagnosis. @entity2828 cells are characterized by specific gene fusions that can be detected with high sensitivity and specificity by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). @entity1 AND METHODS: RT-PCR targeting @entity12726 or EWS-ERG transcripts was used to search for @entity5 cells in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) at diagnosis in 172 @entity1 with @entity2828 , and the prognostic significance of this parameter was assessed. RESULTS: As we suggested previously in a smaller series of @entity1 , RT-PCR positivity of the BM was correlated with a high risk of adverse outcome in the overall study population (P =.007). More interestingly, among @entity1 with otherwise @entity5 , BM micrometastasis also predicted significantly poorer disease-free survival rates (P =.043). The presence of circulating @entity5 cells (CTC) was more frequently observed in @entity1 with large @entity5 (P =.006). CTC were associated with a poor outcome among @entity1 with clinically localized disease (P =.045). @entity1 with clinically localized disease and @entity1263 cells as evidenced by BM and/or PB RT-PCR positivity had @entity5 and experienced relapses at a systemic rather than at a local level. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with localized @entity2828 and BM micrometastasis or CTC are comparable to @entity1 with @entity3 in terms of the localization of the @entity5 , outcome, and relapse pattern.

title: Increased risk of systemic relapses associated with bone marrow micrometastasis and circulating XXXX cells in localized ewing @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ['ET', 'Ewing tumor']

entities_list: @entity1263 :: ('MESH:D010524', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral occult tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'occult tumor', 'primary tumor', 'localized tumors', 'axial or proximal tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the outcomes of multiple derotation plus costotransversectomy for @entity1 with severe and @entity2003 . METHODS: Clinical analyses were conducted for the clinical data of operative duration, @entity190 volume and SRS-22 scale. Radiographic data included Cobb angle of coronal curves, apical vertebral translation, coronal balance and sagittal balance. All measurements were taken pre-operation, post-operation and during the final follow-up period. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 4.1    0.7 (3-5.5) years, mean operative duration 33    8.4 min and mean @entity190 volume 2303.5    9.0 ml. Preoperative major curves ranged from 65   to 110   Cobb angle. Coronal plane correction of major curve from 10   to 41   Cobb angle (mean 30.8    9.8  ). And there was a mean loss of correction of 3.6% during the final follow-up. The magnitudes of @entity1513 and @entity1515 were 31.1    12.4  , 45.5    10.5   pre-operation, 25.6    5.5  , 33.43    5.45   post-operation and 28.6    6.1  , 35.26    4.2   during the final follow-up. The apical vertebral translation of major curve was corrected by 73.2%. The coronal imbalance, sagittal imbalance and apical vertebral translation indifferently was 3.2    1.1, 2.3    1.1, 6.35    1.65 cm pre-operation, 0.9    1.0, 0.4    0.5, 2.4    1.2 cm post-operation and 1.2    1.1, 0.6    0.5, 2.6    1.4 cm during the final follow-up. Incomplete @entity1514 occurred in one case and superficial dermatoedge @entity39 in another recovered within 2 weeks. Neither malposition of pedicle screw nor complication of instrumentation was found. Excellent outcomes were obtained according to SRS-22 score. CONCLUSION: For @entity1 with severe and @entity2003 , the technique of multi-rod-derotation and rib resection may achieve a good correction of @entity1635 without serious complications and avoid a resection of vertebral column.

title: [Multiple derotation plus costotransversectomy for severe and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['rigid scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity1514 :: ('MESH:D013896', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic nerve dysfuction']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity1515 :: ('MESH:D008141', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar lordosis']

answer: @entity2003 :: (MESH:D009127,Disease) :: ['rigid scoliosis']


abstract: @entity1200 ( @entity1200 ) describes the transfer of immune stimulation to the next generation. As stress and immunity are closely connected, we here address the question whether trans-generational effects on immunity and resistance can also be elicited by a nonpathogen stress treatment of parents. General stressors have been shown to induce immunity to pathogens within individuals. However, to our knowledge, it is as of yet unknown whether stress can also induce trans-generational effects on immunity and resistance. We exposed a parental generation (mothers, fathers, or both parents) of the @entity5399 @entity5399 , a species where @entity1200 has been previously been demonstrated, to either a brief heat or @entity1457 and examined offspring survival after @entity2348 with the entomopathogen @entity11137 . We also studied phenoloxidase activity, a key enzyme of the insect innate immune system that has previously been demonstrated to be up-regulated upon @entity1200 . We quantified parental fecundity and offspring developmental time to evaluate whether trans-generational priming might have costs. Offspring resistance was found to be significantly increased when both parents received a @entity1457 . Offspring phenoloxidase activity was also higher when mothers or both parents were cold-shocked. By contrast, parental @entity1457 reduced offspring phenoloxidase activity. Moreover, parental cold or @entity1457 delayed offspring development. In sum, we conclude that trans-generational priming for resistance could not only be elicited by pathogens or pathogen-derived components, but also by more general cues that are indicative of a stressful environment. The interaction between stress responses and the immune system might play an important role also for trans-generational effects.

title: A temperature shock can lead to trans-generational immune priming in the XXXX , @entity5399 .

entities_list: @entity5399 :: ('7070', 'Species') :: ['red flour beetle', 'Tribolium castaneum']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['cold shock', 'heat shock']

entities_list: @entity11137 :: ('1428', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus thuringiensis']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['Trans-generational immune priming', 'TGIP']

answer: @entity5399 :: (7070,Species) :: ['Red Flour Beetle']


abstract: Fundamental and clinical studies were carried out on @entity5505 ( @entity8353 ) in the perinatal period, and the results obtained were summarized below. Following bolus intravenous injection of @entity8353 2 g, maternal serum concentrations of @entity8353 were as high as 145.3 +/- 17.2 micrograms/ml (mean +/- S.D.) at about 10 minutes, and then gradually decreased to 46.7 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, 5.31 micrograms/ml at 5 hours and 4 minutes, and 1.54 micrograms/ml at 11 hours and 10 minutes. The @entity8353 was detected in umbilical cord serum immediately after the administration, and concentrations were 31.0 +/- 1.54 micrograms/ml at about 10 minutes. Although the concentrations gradually decreased thereafter, they were higher than those in maternal serum at 3 hours and later and was 3.00 micrograms/ml at 11 hours and 10 minutes. The @entity8353 was detected in amniotic fluid a little later than in umbilical cord serum, and concentrations of @entity8353 in amniotic fluid were as low as 1.50 +/- 0.67 micrograms/ml at about 10 minutes after the administration. Concentrations then gradually increased to 12.8 micrograms/ml at 2 hours and 26.5 micrograms/ml at 5 hours and 4 minutes, and even at 11 hours and 10 minutes, they were as high as 14.2 micrograms/ml. The above results demonstrated that the transfer of @entity8353 through placental barrier was very rapid and satisfactory. Also, @entity8353 showed good transfer into amniotic fluid, as well as sufficient retention, and was considered to be an effective antibiotic for prophylaxis of both fetal @entity281 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Fundamental and clinical studies on XXXX in the perinatal period].

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections and amniotic fluid infections']

entities_list: @entity5505 :: ('MESH:D002442', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftazidime']

answer: @entity5505 :: (MESH:D002442,Chemical) :: ['ceftazidime']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to gather sources of validity evidence of the @entity1316 Questionnaire (MDQ) in young adults for its use as a screening tool for @entity162 . The sample was composed of 1,002 @entity1 , 268 @entity1 (26.7%). The mean age of @entity1 was 21.1 years (SD=3.9). The results showed that between 3 and 59% of the sample reported some hypomanic experience. Gender differences were found in the total score of the MDQ. The analysis of the internal structure by exploratory factor analysis yielded 2 factors, called Energy-Activity and Disinhibition-Attention. This dimensional structure was replicated in the exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), and also had factorial equivalence by gender. @entity1 who met the cut-off points of the MDQ reported a worse perceived mental health status and more consummatory and anticipatory pleasure, compared to the low scores group. These findings indicate that the MDQ has adequate psychometric properties in non-clinical samples, and could be useful as a screening tool in psychopathology, with the possibility of optimizing strategies for early identification and prevention in individuals at high risk for @entity162 . Future studies should further explore the role of subclinical @entity162 and conduct longitudinal studies in samples of the general population.

title: Screening the risk of @entity162 : Validity evidence of the XXXX Questionnaire in adolescents and young adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['Mood Disorder']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar spectrum disorders', 'bipolar phenotype', 'bipolar disorders']

answer: @entity1316 :: (MESH:D019964,Disease) :: ['Mood Disorder']