abstract: PROBLEM: Tonsillectomy performed as day surgery has become popular over the last fifteen years. However, there are conflicting opinions regarding the safety of this practice, especially in @entity1 of very young age. We sought to determine the safety of outpatient tonsillectomy in @entity1 aged three years old and younger. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective study of all tonsillectomies performed in a major pediatric hospital during a two-year period was conducted. Age, gender, indication for tonsillectomy, other procedures performed simultaneously, seniority of operating surgeon, and reasons for hospital admissions during the first post-operative week were recorded. @entity1 with inappropriate records for the analysis were excluded. A total of 1058 @entity1 were studied. Tonsillectomized @entity1 were divided into two age groups: greater than 3 years old (n = 951) and 3 years old or younger (n = 107). RESULTS: Male gender, obstructed @entity25 @entity1353 as indication for surgery, seniority of the operating surgeon, and age of 3 years old or younger were not associated with @entity532 . CONCLUSIONS: Outpatient tonsillectomy can be managed safely regardless of age, as long as specific factors, such as good recovery room supervision, exist.

title: Outpatient cold knife tonsillectomy in toddlers with XXXX @entity1353 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['post-operative complications']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disordered']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathing']

answer: @entity25 :: (MESH:D012893,Disease) :: ['sleep disordered']


abstract: PURPOSE: Cumulative evidence has suggested investigation of the efficacy of Replication-Competent Adenovirus-mediated Suicide Gene Therapy in newly-diagnosed @entity263 (ReCAP). There is a challenge in designing an efficacy trial for newly-diagnosed @entity263 given its long natural history. The regulatory agency recommended a Phase II trial for safety before conducting the efficacy trial. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The ReCAP trial is an adaptive seamless, multi-site open-label, randomized Phase II/III trial. Two hundred eighty @entity1 will be randomized to receive either replication-competent adenovirus-mediated suicide gene therapy followed by radiation ( @entity18504 ) or radiation alone ( @entity489 ). Phase II trial component will include the first 21 @entity1 in @entity18504 with complete @entity137 through day 90 for safety evaluation. The primary efficacy endpoint is the time free from biochemical and/or clinical failure (FFF). The secondary efficacy endpoints are 2-year prostate biopsies and overall survival. Unequal spaced interim looks are proposed with the adaptive sample-size re-estimation. RESULTS: This trial has been approved by the FDA for the study therapy investigation and is currently recruiting @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Challenges remain in designing newly-diagnosed @entity263 trials. Adaptive seamless design is time-saving and a cost-effective design in the development of novel medical therapies, but requires a specified statistical plan in the decision process involved.

title: Adaptive seamless design for an efficacy trial of replication-competent adenovirus-mediated suicide gene therapy and radiation in newly-diagnosed XXXX (ReCAP Trial).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'Prostate Cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The 21-gene recurrence score (RS) assay has been validated in retrospective studies as prognostic of distant disease recurrence and predictive of the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in @entity172 -receptor-positive @entity0 ( @entity0 ). There is limited published data on the impact of the assay on clinical practice, particularly in the context of a single practice with a unified treatment policy. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between 2006 and 2009, RS was obtained on 135 @entity1 in a single practice with a uniform treatment policy. Treatment recommendations before and after RS result were analyzed retrospectively. Pre-RS treatment recommendations were based on clinicopathological features and Adjuvant! Online (AO) calculated survival advantage. RS and AO survival advantage for adding chemotherapy were compared for each @entity1 . RESULTS: The distribution by risk group of RS was low- 49.6%, intermediate-37.8%, and high-12.6%. In 34 @entity1 (25.2%, 95% confidence interval 17.9% to 32.5%), recommendation for chemotherapy was changed after obtaining assay result. Most changes (70.6%) were from chemotherapy to no chemotherapy. The RS correlated poorly with AO predictions. CONCLUSION: The 21-gene assay, when applied in a consistent manner in early-stage @entity0 , changes treatment recommendations in one-quarter of @entity1 tested.

title: The impact of the 21-gene recurrence score assay on decision making about adjuvant chemotherapy in early-stage @entity172 -receptor-positive XXXX in an oncology practice with a unified treatment policy.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'BC']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the article is to critically appraise and synthesize available evidence regarding the efficacy and regimen-related @entity137 (RRT) of @entity1863 plus @entity3118 (BuFlu) compared to @entity1863 plus @entity786 (BuCy) as a conditioning regimen, prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in @entity1 with @entity1583 . METHODS: A meta-analysis was attempted on clinical controlled trials (CCTs), randomized or non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs or non-RCTs), comparing BuCy with BuFlu. We did a systematic search of the indexed medical literature using appropriate keywords to identify potentially relevant articles. The primary outcome of interest was efficacy measured by @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and event-free survival (EFS), @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ). @entity102 (extensive) and other @entity137 were secondary endpoints. A relative risk or risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for each outcome in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: Nine clinical controlled trials were included, of which 4 tries were RCTs involving 584 @entity1 and the other 5 were non-RCTs involving 571 @entity1 . The cumulative incidences of @entity1349 , EFS, @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) were not significantly different between the two regimens. The non-relapse mortality was higher in BuCy but non-significant increment (RR=1.48, 95% CI: [0.97-2.26]). Liver related @entity137 was significantly higher with BuCy compared to BuFlu (RR=1.90, 95% CI: [1.00-3.61]). CONCLUSION: Liver related @entity137 is significantly lesser with BuFlu, but BuFlu regimen has no significant benefits compared with BuCy in @entity1349 , EFS, @entity2132 . For all this, the weight of evidence favors BuFlu over BuCy as a first choice-conditioning regimen for @entity1 with @entity1583 , especially for @entity1 who have poor liver function.

title: @entity1863 plus @entity3118 compared with XXXX plus @entity786 as a conditioning regimen prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in @entity1 with @entity1583 : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic GVHD']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['fludarabine']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['acute graft-versus-host-disease', 'acute graft-versus-host disease', 'aGVHD']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1863 :: ('MESH:D002066', 'Chemical') :: ['Busulfan', 'busulfan']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1863 :: (MESH:D002066,Chemical) :: ['busulfan']


abstract: Enteric administration of antigen can induce systemic tolerance. In @entity19 @entity2040 mansoni, @entity1503 produce eggs which enter the intestine. An immunologic phenomenon associated with this disease is a spontaneous diminution in the intensity of the granulomatous response in the liver, lungs, and @entity694 with @entity281 , which is termed modulation. It was determined whether modulation of liver @entity738 could be induced by enteric immunization with schistosome eggs. @entity19 infected for 4 wk were immunized by injection of 25,000 eggs into cecal pouches. This induced modulation of liver @entity738 by the eighth week of @entity281 . Neither cecal injection of normal saline nor i.p. or subcutaneous injection of eggs could induce the modulatory process. Modulation could be adoptively transferred from enterically immunized donors by injection of spleen cells into infected recipients or into uninfected recipients with synchronous liver @entity738 induced by the @entity99 of schistosome eggs. Spleen cells treated with anti- @entity3512 or anti-Lyt-1.1 and complement could no longer adoptively transfer modulation. These data show that enteric immunization with schistosome eggs can induce modulation of the @entity409 by a cellular mechanism similar to that described for the natural @entity281 .

title: Induction of @entity738 modulation in XXXX @entity2040 mansoni by enteric exposure to schistosome eggs.

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic embolization']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver granuloma']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['blood flukes']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'chronic infection']

entities_list: @entity2040 :: ('MESH:D012552', 'Disease') :: ['schistosomiasis']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic mucosa']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: Environmental dyes and their derivatives, some of which are genotoxic, must be transported within the body to the tissues which they affect. One mechanism for this can be observed directly by crossed immunoelectrophoresis (X-IEP). Binding of these chemicals to certain serum proteins changes electrophoretic and immunoprecipitation morphology in X-IEP patterns. This is demonstrated here for four @entity24740 dyes derived from @entity16748 , @entity24742 , and @entity10231 , and their parent @entity17072 . Direct @entity72320 (a @entity24742 -based dye), Direct Blue 15 (a @entity10231 -based dye), Direct Black 38 (a @entity16748 -based dye), and Evans Blue (a @entity24742 -based dye) all bound to albumin, alpha 1-lipoprotein, beta-lipoprotein, and @entity21254 . Direct @entity72320 only slightly affected the mobilities of these proteins. Direct Blue 15 bound also to prealbumin and @entity8698 , and degraded C3 globulin. Direct Black 38 and Evans Blue bound to numerous additional proteins. Evans Blue bound variably to proteins of sera from different individuals, suggesting that there are individual differences in serum protein binding capabilities for these chemicals. Of the three derivatives of the @entity16748 dyes, only @entity24742 caused changes in X-IEP patterns, indicating its binding to the serum proteins. This chemical differentially affected sub-populations of alpha 1-lipoprotein, either by altering its electrophoretic mobility or inhibiting its recognition by antibodies. Autoradiographic analyses demonstrated the binding of @entity16748 and @entity24742 to both alpha 1- and beta-lipoproteins.

title: Differential serum protein binding of @entity16748 - and XXXX -congener based dyes and their derivatives.

entities_list: @entity17072 :: ('CHEBI:33860', 'Chemical') :: ['aromatic amines']

entities_list: @entity24742 :: ('MESH:C009501', 'Chemical') :: ["3,3'-dimethylbenzidine"]

entities_list: @entity8698 :: ('12', 'Gene') :: ['alpha 1-antichymotrypsin']

entities_list: @entity10231 :: ('MESH:D003962', 'Chemical') :: ["3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine"]

entities_list: @entity16748 :: ('MESH:C029876', 'Chemical') :: ['benzidine']

answer: @entity16748 :: (MESH:C029876,Chemical) :: ['benzidine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We analyzed our experience in the period January 1975-December 1995 aiming to confirm the role of surgery in the multimodality treatment of @entity151 ( @entity151 ). METHODS: 127 @entity1 (5.28% of the overall lung resections for @entity189 ) underwent surgery for @entity151 . The median age was 60 years (range 34-73). In 87 @entity1 (68.5%) a pre-operative tissue diagnosis was effected and those @entity1 underwent a complete staging procedure. Fifteen @entity1 received up to six complete courses of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy. The surgical procedures included: 50 pneumonectomies, 71 lobectomies and six wedge resections. Two @entity1 experienced a local recurrence and a completion pneumonectomy was performed. RESULTS: The median follow-up is 66 months (range 6-214). The 5-year actuarial survival rate is 22.6% (median 18 months). Twenty-three @entity1 are still alive, 21 of them being disease-free. Considering the most conspicuous group of @entity1 (n = 92) treated by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy, the survival data were 47.2, 14.8 and 14.4% for Stage I, II and III, respectively (P = 0.001). NO @entity1 had a significantly better survival than N1 and N2 @entity1 (P = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS: Surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy might represent an effective form of treatment of limited @entity151 without lymph-node involvement. The role of surgery is yet to be verified as regards N1 and N2 status, where even neoadjuvant chemotherapy has not achieved the hoped-for results (no @entity1 reaching a 2-year survival).

title: Surgery in the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

answer: @entity151 :: (MESH:D055752,Disease) :: ['small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although therapeutic mammoplasty (TM) was introduced for treatment of localized @entity513 in situ and @entity0 (stages I and II) in females with large breast size, the suitability of medial pedicle TM for treatment of @entity0 at different locations has not been established. The objective of this study was to assess the safety and esthetic outcome of medial pedicle TM for @entity0 at different locations. METHODS: The study was conducted from February 2012 to July 2014. Consecutive @entity1 with early @entity0 with medium- and large-sized breasts, with or without @entity1736 , who were offered medial pedicle TM were included in the study. @entity1 who were not candidates for breast-conserving surgery or those with @entity5 located along the medial pedicle were excluded. All @entity1 received immediate postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 with a mean age of 48.5 years received medial pedicle TM in the breast harboring the @entity5 or, additionally, the other breast (N=14). The @entity5 were in the upper (60.0%), lower (26.7%), and lateral (13.3%) quadrants. Minor complications occurred in five cases (5/30, 16.7%) in the ipsilateral and in two (2/14, 14.3%) contralateral breasts. No wound @entity6783 or @entity39 was recorded. A total of 22 (73.3%) @entity1 were scored as excellent cosmesis. After a median follow-up of 20 months, no locoregional recurrence or distant metastases were observed. CONCLUSION: TM using a medial pedicle is a safe and appealing technique among @entity1 with @entity5 at different locations.

title: Safety and esthetic outcomes of therapeutic mammoplasty using medial pedicle for early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'invasive breast carcinoma', 'breast tumors']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['areolar necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6783 :: ('MESH:D013529', 'Disease') :: ['dehiscence']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This survey was conducted to assess the presence of @entity4537 within a home health agency population in the United States. DESIGN: This voluntary survey was conducted by 177 home health agencies. A single observation of each @entity1 within the agency's active caseload formed the cohort examined. @entity1 deemed to be at low risk (Braden Scale score > 19) were eliminated from further evaluation, while those with @entity4537 were evaluated for wound- and caregiver-related factors. Surveys were conducted between @entity3490 , 1996, and December 31, 1997. SETTING: Home health agencies in 19 states throughout the United States, with no restrictions on the type or acuity of the @entity1 served. RESULTS: A total of 21,529 @entity1 were surveyed, with a prevalence of pressure @entity1066 (inclusive of all stages) of 6.8% (n = 1455). Rates for each agency ranged between 0.5% and 35.7%. The total number of @entity1066 reported was 2526 (average per @entity1 was 1.7), with 36% (n = 919) found on the sacrum and the buttocks. CONCLUSION: Pressure @entity1066 were the most frequently reported reason for admission to the agency's caseload. Survey results are similar to rates reported in other segments of the health care industry. However, among the home health care population, the primary caregiver is unlikely to be a health care professional. This survey found that the @entity1 's spouse was the primary caregiver in 30% (n = 437) of the 1450 responses received regarding the relationship of the primary caregiver to the @entity1 .

title: Report on the prevalence of XXXX in a home health agency population.

entities_list: @entity4537 :: ('MESH:D012883', 'Disease') :: ['skin ulcers']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity4537 :: (MESH:D012883,Disease) :: ['skin ulcers']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity731 represents the principal cause of @entity204 in the many societies. Since few data have been published about the composition of @entity1718 in @entity731 arteries such as the aorta comparing to the non affected internal mammary artery which is used for aortocoronary bypass grafting, we compared the @entity844 profiles of @entity731 aorta and internal mammary arteries in @entity1 individuals. METHODS: Twenty-one angiographically documented @entity453 ( @entity453 ) @entity1 who were admitted to the open heart surgery division enrolled in this study. They were operated electively for coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). Small segments of ascending aorta and internal mammary arteries were sampled during open heart surgery. The samples were subjected to lipid extraction and @entity844 analysis by high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: The results showed that different @entity844 profiles were seen in the aorta and internal mammary arteries. The @entity731 aorta contained lower amounts of @entity1474 (including trans isomer of @entity3952 ) and higher proportions of saturated fats comparing to the internal mammary. In the aorta also, the amounts of omega6 series of @entity1718 were more and levels of omega3 fats were less than the internal mammary. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that modification of @entity1718 may play a role during atherogenesis.

title: Comparison of @entity844 profiles of aorta and internal mammary arteries in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity3952 :: ('MESH:D019301', 'Chemical') :: ['oleic acid']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['unsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'Atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if differences exist in prescribing for @entity137 ( @entity137 ) prophylaxis between residents receiving @entity1090 therapy and those with no antipsychotic therapy. DESIGN: Retrospective, multicentered, cross-sectional study. SETTING: Ten long-term care facilities. @entity1 : A total of 200 residents residing in skilled nursing facilities. The study group (n = 95) included residents with a risk factor for a @entity137 receiving @entity1090 . The control group (n = 105) consisted of residents with a risk factor for a @entity137 and not receiving antipsychotic therapy. MEASUREMENTS: Data collected included @entity1 age, gender, risk factor for @entity137 , and @entity137 . Statistics were performed using Chi-squared tests. RESULTS: Fifty-six percent of the study group was not on an agent for @entity137 , compared with 36% of the control group. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated with statistical significance that @entity137 was less likely in the @entity1090 group. We are implementing a pharmacist-driven initiative to add antiplatelet therapies in all @entity1 who have at least one risk factor for @entity137 .

title: Prophylaxis of cerebrovascular events in dementia XXXX receiving @entity1090 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular adverse event', 'CAE prophylaxis', 'CAE']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Polyfunctional @entity30383 ( @entity10461 ) hardener is increasingly used in water-based paints and inks as a replacement for organic solvents. @entity56 contact @entity1909 , contact @entity110 , @entity1576 in occupationally exposed @entity1 with @entity56 to @entity10461 are reported. OBJECTIVES: The aim was to study a population of adhesive tape printers for occupational respiratory and @entity272 to @entity10461 hardener. Also 2 cases of @entity7446 in workers exposed to @entity10461 in tanneries are reported. METHODS: A standard series prick and patch tests was carried out on 15 workers with skin symptoms out of 36 adhesive tape printers exposed to @entity10461 . Prick tests with a 1% @entity10461 water solution and patch tests with a dilution series (0.1-0.32-0.5-1%) of @entity10461 in petrolatum were performed. Lung and nasal provocation tests with @entity10461 hardener were also carried out on 4 subjects with skin and respiratory symptoms. RESULTS: Skin sensitivity to @entity10461 prick tests was demonstrated in 8.3% of the exposed population; 22.2% of the exposed workers suffered from @entity3408 due to @entity10461 with positive patch tests for this compound. One case of occupational @entity2490 due to @entity10461 was diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS: @entity10461 is a strong sensitizer and the use of gloves and protective clothing appears to be insufficient to prevent @entity56 . Elimination of @entity10461 from production processes is desirable.

title: [Skin and @entity1576 caused by polyfunctional XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3408 :: ('MESH:D017449', 'Disease') :: ['allergic contact dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity', 'Allergic', 'occupational allergic diseases']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory allergy']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin sensitisation']

entities_list: @entity30383 :: ('MESH:C033132', 'Chemical') :: ['aziridine']

entities_list: @entity7446 :: ('MESH:D059366', 'Disease') :: ['occupational asthma']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity30383 :: (MESH:C033132,Chemical) :: ['aziridine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Since recent years, it is known that immunocompromised @entity1 can suffer of prolonged norovirus symptoms and @entity1800 up to multiple years. Little is known about the prevalence of chronic norovirus infection among solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. In this study 2182 SOT recipients were retrospectively tested for chronic norovirus infection. METHODS: The first and last norovirus positive faecal sample of SOT recipients was sequenced to distinguish between persisting and re-infection. @entity1 charts were reviewed to obtain data on health statues and treatments. RESULTS: One hundred one of 2182 (4.6%) recipients were norovirus infected and 23 (22.8%) of these developed chronic norovirus infection. @entity281 was found among allogeneic heart-, kidney-, and lung transplant recipients. The median shedding period at the end of the study period was 218 days (range 32-1164). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that chronic norovirus infection is not a rare phenomenon among SOT recipients in a tertiary care hospital exposed to norovirus. Further research is needed to study the risk of norovirus transmission to other immunocompromised @entity1 in the hospital and to the general population.

title: XXXX among solid organ recipients in a tertiary care hospital, the Netherlands, 2006 - 2014.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic norovirus infection']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral shedding']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['Chronic norovirus infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early enteral nutrition (EN) is the preferred strategy for feeding the @entity3124 ; however, it is not always possible to initiate EN within the recommended 24 to 48 hours. When these situations arise, controversy exists whether to start feeding early via the parenteral route or to delay feeding until EN can be provided. METHODS: A multicenter, international, observational study examined nutrition practices in intensive care units (ICUs). Eligible @entity1 were @entity3124 @entity1 with a medical diagnosis who remained in the ICU for >72 hours and received EN >48 hours after admission. Data were collected on site, including @entity1 characteristics, daily nutrition practices, and outcomes at 60 days. Nutrition and clinical outcomes were compared between 3 groups of @entity1 : (1) early @entity3147 ( @entity3147 ) (<48 hours after admission) and late EN (>48 hours after admission), (2) late @entity3147 and late EN, and (3) late EN and no @entity3147 . RESULTS: Of the 703 @entity1 who met our inclusion criteria, 541 (77.0%) medical @entity1 received late EN and no @entity3147 . In @entity1 receiving late EN and @entity3147 , 83 (11.8%) received early @entity3147 and 79 (11.2%) received late @entity3147 . Adequacy of calories and protein from total nutrition was highest in the early @entity3147 group (74.1%    21.2% and 71.5%    24.9%, respectively) and lowest in the late EN group (42.9%    21.2% and 38.7%    21.6%) (P < .001). The proportion of @entity1 dead or remaining in hospital was significantly higher for early @entity3147 compared with late EN and @entity3147 (unadjusted hazard ratio for early @entity3147 = 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.37-0.83, P = .015). However, this difference did not remain significant (P = .65) after adjustment for baseline characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that initiating @entity3147 early, when it is not possible to feed enterally early, may improve provision of calories and protein but is not associated with better clinical outcomes compared with late EN or @entity3147 .

title: When early enteral feeding is not possible in @entity3124 XXXX : results of a multicenter observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['parenteral nutrition', 'PN']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether T cell activation, as reflected by levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2R), soluble @entity5823 (sCD30), @entity688 and B cell activator of the @entity5 necrosis factor family ( @entity8410 ) at diagnosis and during initial follow-up, is predictive for persistent or renewed antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity and clinical relapse in @entity1 with @entity1333 associated with @entity7134 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( @entity7134 -ANCA). METHODS: 87 @entity1 with @entity7134 - @entity19417 and at least 2 years of follow-up were included in the study. At diagnosis, and at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after diagnosis, cytoplasmic ANCA titres were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and @entity7134 -ANCA, sIL2R, sCD30, @entity688 and @entity8410 levels were assessed by ELISA. 31 healthy volunteers provided plasma samples for comparison. Levels of immune markers were related to ANCA positivity and relapse during follow-up. RESULTS: Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity8410 were higher in @entity1 than in controls at all time points. Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity688 were higher at diagnosis and relapse than during remission. At 18 months, sCD30 (p<0.001) and sIL2R levels (p = 0.01) were significantly higher in @entity7134 -ANCA-positive @entity1 (detected by ELISA) than in @entity7134 -ANCA-negative @entity1 . ANCA-positive @entity1 detected by ELISA or IIF at 24 months had significantly higher plasma sCD30 levels (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively) than ANCA-negative @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Increased T cell activation in @entity1 with @entity19417 in remission during and after immunosuppressive treatment is associated with persistent or renewed ANCA positivity.

title: Plasma levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor, soluble @entity5823 , @entity688 and B cell activator of the XXXX necrosis factor family during follow-up in @entity1333 associated with @entity7134 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: associations with disease activity and relapse.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity19417 :: ('MESH:D056648', 'Disease') :: ['ANCA-associated vasculitis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aims of this analysis were to determine prospectively the effects of surgical resection and radiation therapy on the length and quality of survival as well as late @entity137 in @entity1 with @entity201 . BACKGROUND: Retrospective analyses have suggested that adjuvant radiation therapy improves survival in @entity1 with @entity201 . However, in these reports, @entity1 receiving radiotherapy tended to have smaller, often resectable @entity5 , and were relatively fit. In comparison, @entity1 who have not received radiotherapy often had unresectable @entity5 , @entity3 , or poor performance status. METHODS: From 1988 through 1993, surgically staged @entity1 with @entity201 and 1) no evidence of @entity3 , 2) Karnofsky score > 60, 3) no prior @entity5 or radiotherapy, and 4) a patent main portal vein were analyzed. Fifty @entity1 were stratified by resection (n = 31) versus operative palliation (n = 19) and by radiation (n = 23) versus no radiotherapy (n = 27). RESULTS: @entity1 undergoing resection had smaller @entity5 (1.9 +/- 2.8 vs. 2.4 +/- 2.1 cm, p < 0.01) that were less likely to invade the hepatic artery (3% vs. 42%, p < 0.05) or portal vein (6% vs. 53%, p < 0.05). Multiple parameters that might have affected outcome were similar between @entity1 who did and did not receive radiation therapy. Resection improved the length (24.2 +/- 2.5 vs. 11.3 +/- 1.0 months, p < 0.05) and quality of survival. Radiation had no effect on the length (18.4 +/- 2.9 vs. 20.1 +/- 2.4 months) or quality of survival or on late @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: This analysis suggests that in @entity1 with localized @entity201 , resection prolongs survival whereas radiation has no effect on either survival or late @entity137 . Thus, new agents or strategies to deliver adjuvant therapy are needed to improve survival in these @entity1 .

title: XXXX . Postoperative radiotherapy does not improve survival.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['perihilar cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity201 :: (MESH:D018281,Disease) :: ['Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study evaluates the effectiveness of a training programme for improving the diagnostic and treatment quality of the most complex service offered by @entity56186 ( @entity56186 ) providers, paediatric @entity311 . The study further assesses whether any quality improvements were sustained over the following 12  months. METHODS: The study took place in 13 townships in central Myanmar between January 2011 and October 2012. A total of 251 community health workers were recruited and trained in the provision of paediatric and adult @entity311 diagnosis and treatment; 197 were surveyed in all three rounds: baseline, 6 and 12  months. Townships were selected based on a lack of alterative sources of medical care, averaging 20  km from government or private professional health care treatment facilities. Seventy percent of recruits were assistant nurse midwives or had other basic health training; the rest had no health training experience. Recruits were evaluated on their ability to properly diagnosis and treat a simulated 5-year-old @entity1 using a previously validated method known as Observed Simulated @entity1 . A trained observer scored @entity56186 providers on a scale of 1-100, based on WHO and Myanmar MOH established best practices. During a pilot test, 20 established private physicians operating in @entity311 -endemic areas of Myanmar scored an average of 70/100. RESULTS: Average quality scores of newly recruited @entity56186 providers prior to training (baseline) were 12/100. Six months after training, average quality scores were 48/100. This increase was statistically significant (p  <  0.001). At 12  months after training, providers were retested and average quality scores were 45/100 (R3-R1, p  <  0.001). CONCLUSION: The @entity56186 training programme was able to improve the quality of paediatric @entity311 care significantly, and to maintain that improvement over time. Quality of care remains lower than that of trained physicians; however, @entity56186 providers operate in rural areas where no trained physicians operate. More research is needed to establish acceptable and achievable levels of quality for community health workers in rural communities, especially when there are no other care options.

title: Improving the quality of paediatric XXXX diagnosis and treatment by rural providers in Myanmar: an evaluation of a training and support intervention.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity56186 :: ('MESH:D013474', 'Disease') :: ['Sun Primary Health', 'SPH']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Genetic engineering of the major birch pollen allergen (Bet v 1) has led to the generation of recombinant Bet v 1 derivatives with markedly reduced IgE-binding capacity, but with retained T cell activating ability. OBJECTIVE: To compare the mucosal reactivity to rBet v 1 derivatives with rBet v 1 wild-type as basis for new therapeutic strategies for birch pollen @entity566 based on mucosal tolerance induction. METHODS: Outside the pollen season, 10 @entity1 with birch @entity2023 and mild @entity565 underwent four nasal challenge-sessions in a randomized, double-blind, and cross-over design, employing increasing doses of rBet v 1 fragment mix, rBet v 1 trimer, rBet v 1 wild-type and diluent (albumin). Nasal lavage fluids (NAL) were collected before the challenge-series as well as 10 min, 4 and 24 h thereafter. Nasal lavage fluid levels of tryptase as well as @entity1307 and ECP were measured as indices of mast cell and eosinophil activity, respectively. RESULTS: All 10 @entity1 tolerated the highest accumulated dose, 8.124 microg, when challenged with rBet v 1 trimer, eight with rBet v 1 fragments compared to one when challenged with rBet v 1 wild-type. No late phase reactions were observed. The change in tryptase levels (pre-challenge vs. 10 min) was significantly lower after challenges with rBet v 1 trimer and rBet v 1 fragments than with rBet v 1 wild-type. The change in @entity1307 /ECP concentration pre-challenge versus 4 h post-challenge was lower for rBet v 1 trimer and the change was significantly lower when pre-challenge versus 24 h post-challenge to rBet v 1 fragments and rBet v 1 wild-type was examined. CONCLUSION: The derivatives induced significantly fewer symptoms and lower mast cell and eosinophil activation than rBet v 1 wild-type upon application to the nasal mucosa. They could in the future be candidates for immunotherapy based on mucosal tolerance induction.

title: Nasal challenges with recombinant derivatives of the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 induce fewer symptoms and lower mediator release than rBet v 1 wild-type in XXXX with @entity2023 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['pollen allergic rhinitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: In order to objectively evaluate the effectiveness, safety and usefulness of the new oral cephem @entity26397 proxetil ( @entity7550 , CPDX-PR) for the treatment of @entity9244 , a double-blind comparative study was undertaken using cefaclor (CCL) as the control drug. CPDX-PR and CCL were administered for 7 days at daily doses of 400 mg (divided into 2 portions) and 750 mg (divided into 3 portions), respectively. A total of 243 @entity1 (118 in the CPDX-PR group and 125 in the CCL group) was treated in this study. The effectiveness, safety and usefulness were evaluated in 222 (106 in the CPDX-PR group and 116 in the CCL group), 234 (113 in the CPDX-PR group and 121 in the CCL group) and in 223 @entity1 (107 in the CPDX-PR group and 116 in the CCL group), respectively. There were no differences in @entity1 ' backgrounds between the 2 groups, except for the presence or the absence of surgical treatments. The results we obtained are summarized below: 1. In the evaluation of clinical efficacy by the subcommittee, excellent, good, fair and poor efficacy were observed in 36, 43, 17 and 10 @entity1 in the CPDX-PR group, respectively; the efficacy rate was, therefore, calculated to be 74.5%. As for the @entity31262 group, respective results were observed in 50, 39, 17 and 10 @entity1 , indicating an efficacy rate of 76.7%. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups. Improvement rates judged by physicians in charge were 80.2% in the CPDX-PR group and 88.8% in the CCL group. Moreover, no significant difference in diseases or severity were found between the 2 groups. 2. As for the bacteriological efficacy, the 2 groups showed high elimination rates, as 90.1% and 91.6% of the disease causing bacteria were eliminated in the CPDX-PR group and in the CCL group, respectively. Elimination rates in single infections with @entity794 were determined to be 85.7% in the CPDX-PR group and 85.0% in the CCL group. 3. Although 6 @entity1 in the CPDX-PR group and 2 @entity1 in the CCL group developed side effects, which were mainly gastrointestinal symptoms, there was no significant difference in the incidence of side effects between the 2 groups. Abnormal laboratory values were found in 5 @entity1 in the CPDX-PR group and 1 @entity1 in the CCL group. 4. There was no significant difference in the usefulness between the 2 groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: [Clinical evaluation of @entity26397 proxetil in the treatment of XXXX . A double blind comparison of @entity26397 proxetil and cefaclor].

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity26397 :: ('MESH:C053268', 'Chemical') :: ['cefpodoxime']

entities_list: @entity9244 :: ('MESH:D018461', 'Disease') :: ['skin and soft tissue infections']

answer: @entity9244 :: (MESH:D018461,Disease) :: ['skin and soft tissue infections']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Natural killer (NK) cells can provide effective immunotherapy for @entity43 . Here, we evaluated the ability of NK cells isolated from peripheral blood (PB-) and NK cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC-) to mediate killing of @entity43 cells in a @entity19 xenograft model. A @entity19 xenograft model was used to evaluate the intraperitoneal delivery of three different NK cell populations: iPSC-derived NK cells, PB-NK cells that had been activated and expanded in long-term culture, and overnight activated PB-NK cells that were isolated through @entity5168 / @entity6440 depletion of peripheral blood B and T cells. Bioluminescent imaging was used to monitor @entity5 burden of luciferase expressing @entity5 lines. Tumors were allowed to establish prior to administering NK cells via intraperitoneal injection. These studies demonstrate a single dose of any of the three NK cell populations significantly reduced @entity5 burden. When @entity19 were given 3 doses of either iPSC-NK cells or expanded PB-NK cells, the median survival improved from 73 days in @entity19 untreated to 98 and 97 days for treated @entity19 , respectively. From these studies, we conclude iPSC-derived NK cells mediate anti- @entity43 killing at least as well as PB-NK cells, making these cells a viable resource for immunotherapy for @entity43 . Due to their ability to be easily differentiated into NK cells and their long-term expansion potential, iPSCs can be used to produce large numbers of well-defined NK cells that can be banked and used to treat a large number of @entity1 including treatment with multiple doses if necessary. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Natural Killer Cells for Treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Ovarian Cancer']


abstract: A total of 38 cases of localized @entity1893 originated in the thyroid gland were treated at the Department of Radiology, Osaka University Hospital from 1967 through 1986. There were 18 males and 20 females, and age ranged from 15 to 78, averaging 58 years. Fifteen cases were classified as clinical stage I and 23 as stage II. All cases were histologically confirmed, 15 by total or partial resection and 23 by open biopsy, and diffuse histiocytic was most common (18 cases) and diffuse lymphocytic, poorly differentiated was the next (15) after Rappaport classification. Those were further classified into intermediate grade after Working Formulation in 76% of the cases. In all @entity1 local were controlled by radiotherapy by 40-50 Gy in 5 to 6 weeks. Local lesion was assessed as uncontrolled in only one @entity1 at dose of 33 Gy, who was immunoblastic in histology, and with infiltration to local skin. No local relapse occurred after treatment. The relapse outside the treatment field was seen in 9 @entity1 , all of which occurred in the abdomen. Overall 5 year survival rate and relapse-free rate were 72% and 64%, respectively. Five-year survival rate for Stages I and II were 84% and 63%, respectively (Z = 0.7445, N.S.). Five-year survival rate for @entity4 with longer diameter less than 11 cm is 83%, whereas that with more than 12 cm is 61% (z = 0.7525, N.S.).

title: [Results of the treatment of localized XXXX originated in the thyroid gland].

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['thyroidal swelling']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The most feared complication after treatment with recombinant @entity1456 (rt-PA) is the occurrence of symptomatic @entity1779 (sICH). The aims of the study were to predict the risk of sICH ( @entity1605 ) after a therapy with rt-PA and to examine whether associations exist between SEDAN score and the early mortality in @entity1 with acute @entity385 in a monocenter study. METHODS: During a 6-year period (2008-2013), 542 consecutive @entity64 @entity1 (mean age, 73      3  years; 51.1% @entity1 ; median NIHSS score, 11) treated with IV thrombolysis were included in a monocenter study. SICH was diagnosed in according to the with @entity1605 . RESULTS: The absolute risk for sICH revealed 9.2% (95% CI, 6.5-11.4) of @entity1 treated with IV thrombolysis and was 0%, 4.6% (95% CI, 1.3-7.9), 6.6% (95% CI, 3.3-10.5), 13.5% (95% CI, 6.7-19.2), 23.6% (95% CI, 12.7-34.5), and 26.7% (95% CI, 12.7-34.5) for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and >= 5 SEDAN points. Logistic regression revealed that sICH was associated with increasing SEDAN scores (OR, 1.93 per SEDAN point; 95% CI, 1.51-2.46; P  <  0.001). The predictive performance was assessed with area under a receiver operating characteristic curve (0.73; 95% CI, 0.65-0.80; P  <  0.001). During hospitalization (median, 9  days), 53 @entity1 (9.8%; 95% CI, 7.4-12.45) died. In-hospital mortality was higher in @entity1 with than those without sICH (30 vs 7.7%; P  <  0.001), and it was increased with increasing SEDAN score (OR, 1.45 per point; 95% CI, 1.12-1.89; P  =  0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Higher SEDAN score was associated with an increased risk of sICH and early mortality in this monocenter study.

title: Predicting risk of symptomatic @entity1779 and mortality after treatment with recombinant XXXX using SEDAN score.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1605 :: ('OMIM:217000', 'Disease') :: ['ECASS II definition']

entities_list: @entity1456 :: ('100128998', 'Gene') :: ['tissue-plasminogen activator']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity1456 :: (100128998,Gene) :: ['tissue-plasminogen activator']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Long-chain @entity1474 (LCPUFA) are important for prenatal brain development. Previous studies of others assessed outcome until 7years. The associations between neonatal LCPUFA status and long-term developmental outcome are debated. AIM: To investigate the relationship between @entity844 status at birth and neurodevelopment at 9years. Age 9 is a unique age after a significant neurodevelopmental transition. STUDY DESIGN: Correlation study. Multivariable analyses were carried out to adjust for potential confounders. SUBJECTS: 317 @entity1 who participated in a trial on effects of postnatal LCPUFA supplementation were eligible. 235 @entity1 (74%) were reassessed at age 9. OUTCOME MEASURES: At birth, @entity4600 ( @entity4601 ) and @entity1426 (AA) were determined in the wall of the umbilical vein. We primarily studied the correlation between @entity4601 and AA with the complex form of minor @entity51 (cMND). Secondary correlations that were studied were @entity4601 and AA levels with cognitive development in terms of full IQ, and with behavioural development in terms of a total problem score. RESULTS: @entity1 with cMND showed lower @entity4601 values in the umbilical vein than @entity1 with better neurological condition (p=0.033). A similar association was absent in @entity1 . Neonatal AA values were not associated with neurological outcome. Neither neonatal @entity4601 nor AA values were associated with cognition and behaviour at 9. CONCLUSIONS: Higher umbilical @entity4601 levels in @entity1 are associated with better neurological development at 9years. AA status at birth was not associated with neurodevelopment at 9years.

title: Neonatal XXXX status and neurodevelopmental outcome at 9years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Boys', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity4600 :: ('CHEBI:28125', 'Chemical') :: ['docosahexaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological dysfunction']

answer: @entity844 :: (CHEBI:35366,Chemical) :: ['fatty acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity2936 / @entity11603 system, a key regulator and amplifier of immune reactivity, is activated in @entity29 ( @entity29 ) mucosa. AIMS: To determine whether plasma levels of sCD40L are elevated in @entity30 ( @entity30 ) and @entity31 ( @entity31 ) @entity1 compared with normal controls, to investigate the cellular source of sCD40L, and to explore @entity11603 induction mechanisms. @entity1 : @entity30 , @entity31 , and normal control subjects were studied. METHODS: The concentration of sCD40L in plasma and supernatants of freshly isolated platelets and autologous peripheral blood T cells (PBT) was measured by ELISA. Surface @entity11603 expression level was measured by flow cytometry in resting and thrombin activated platelets, and unstimulated and CD3/ @entity1361 stimulated PBT before and after coculture with @entity1 intestinal microvascular endothelial cells (HIMEC). RESULTS: Compared with normal controls, plasma sCD40L levels were significantly higher in both @entity30 and @entity31 @entity1 and proportional to the extent of @entity32 . Platelets from @entity29 @entity1 displayed a significantly higher surface @entity11603 expression than those from control subjects, and released greater amounts of sCD40L than autologous @entity23079 . Contact with @entity1356 activated HIMEC induced significant upregulation of @entity11603 surface expression and release by platelets. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated levels of sCD40L in the circulation of @entity29 @entity1 reflect enhanced surface expression and release of @entity11603 by platelets. This phenomenon translates to an increased platelet activation state apparently induced by passage through an inflamed mucosal microvascular bed, a conclusion supported by the positive correlation of plasma sCD40L levels with the extent of anatomical involvement by @entity29 . These results suggest that platelet-endothelial interactions critically contribute to activation of the @entity2936 pathway in @entity29 .

title: Activated platelets are the source of elevated levels of soluble @entity2936 ligand in the circulation of @entity29 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal inflammation']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Extracellular proteolytic enzymes of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator ( @entity2290 ) and metalloproteinase (MMP) family play a crucial role in the matrix degradation and tissue remodeling process characteristic of @entity5 . The receptor for @entity10431 ( @entity10431 ) serves to localize and intensify the action of @entity2290 and is expressed on the surface of malignant cells. Although the biological significance of @entity1495 and soluble urokinase receptor in growth and progression of @entity706 is understood, its clinical significance in @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we determined the levels of soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), cellular @entity10431 and sMMP-9 in 43 newly diagnosed @entity3052 @entity1 at diagnosis, before chemotherapy, and also studied 10 normal subjects served as a control group. After chemotherapy suPAR and @entity1495 were determined at remission and relapse. The levels of suPAR, cellular PAR were significantly higher (P= 0.001, 0.001) and @entity1495 was significantly lower (P=0.001) in @entity3052 @entity1 at diagnosis as compared to controls. suPAR and @entity1495 levels were significantly lower in @entity3052 @entity1 who achieved complete remission (CR) as compared to those who did not (P= 0.001 for both). Levels of suPAR and @entity1495 were significantly correlated to peripheral blood blast cells (r= 0.88, P= 0.001; r= 0.65, P= 0.001, respectively) and blast cell distribution ratio (BCDR, r= 0.84, P= 0.001; r=65, P= 0.001, respectively). suPAR, cellular PAR and @entity1495 were significantly higher in @entity1 with extramedullary infiltration as compared with those without (P= 0.001, 0.001, <0.05). The suPAR, cellular @entity10431 , and @entity1495 levels were uneven in @entity3052 FAB subtypes being highest in M5(P<0.05 for all). @entity1495 and suPAR levels were correlated with the disease status. In @entity3052 survivors, @entity1495 , cellular @entity10431 and suPAR were significantly lower as compared to non-survivors (P= 0.001 for all). In conclusion, @entity1495 and su PAR levels might be used as a marker for disease activity and may contribute to blast cell dissemination. @entity1495 and suPAR may be target molecules in the strategy of treatment of @entity3052 .

title: @entity10431 receptor and soluble matrix metalloproteinase-9 in @entity3052 XXXX : a possible relation to disease invasion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10431 :: ('5329', 'Gene') :: ['urokinase plasminogen activator', 'uPAR']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoid neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disorders']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A @entity1 B cell line, TKS-1, which was established from the peripheral blood of a @entity1 with @entity309 , was found to spontaneously produce a factor which enhances the activity of @entity1356 ). This factor, designated B cell-derived growth-enhancing factor (BGEF), enhanced @entity1356 -induced proliferation of peanut agglutinin nonagglutinated thymocytes. BGEF also enhanced @entity1356 -induced production of @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ) by both thymocytes and a @entity1 T cell clone, HSB.2 C5B2. BGEF alone did not induce the production of @entity1199 . BGEF failed to induce proliferation of the @entity1199 -dependent T cell clone, and did not enhance its response to @entity1199 . The activity of BGEF was not blocked by antisera against @entity1 @entity1192 or @entity1 @entity1356 . Gel filtration analysis revealed that BGEF has a m.w. of 60,000 to 65,000 in its native state. We concluded that BGEF differed from @entity1356 and @entity1199 , but is a novel factor produced by TKS-1 cells. In addition, we found that partially purified B cells from @entity1 with @entity309 produced factors which enhanced the activity of @entity1356 .

title: Characterization of a B cell-derived growth-enhancing factor produced by a XXXX B cell line established from a @entity1 with @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report on long-term visual outcomes in @entity1 receiving continuous fixed-interval dosing of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) treatment in neovascular @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ). DESIGN: Single-practice retrospective chart review. @entity1 : One hundred nine eyes with exudative @entity1020 receiving continuous fixed-interval dosing (every 4-8 weeks) of anti- @entity7 therapy (ranibizumab, bevacizumab, or aflibercept) for at least 5 years. Eyes were excluded if they averaged fewer than 6.5 injections per year. METHODS: Snellen @entity227 was recorded at baseline and all subsequent injections. Changes from baseline were calculated at yearly intervals. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measure was mean change in letter score at 5, 6, and 7 years; secondary outcomes included the percentage of @entity1 with 20/40 vision or better at 7 years and the mean change in letter score at each yearly time point based on baseline visual grouping (20/40 or better, 20/50-20/100, 20/200 or worse). RESULTS: Forty-four, 75, and 109 @entity1 with 7, 6, and 5 years, respectively, of continuous treatment were identified. Mean change in letter score at year 5 was  +14.0 letters (P  = 3.9  * 10(-9)),  +12.2 letters at 6 years (P  =  1.5  * 10(-7)), and  +12.1 letters at 7 years (P  = 3.8  * 10(-5)). Driving vision (20/40 or better) was achieved in 43.2% of treated eyes. Subanalysis revealed that the greatest visual gains at 5 and 7 years were seen in those @entity1 with baseline @entity227 worse than 20/200 (+24.5 and  +25.5 letters), followed by those with 20/50 to 20/100 vision (+6.7 and  +6.9 letters), and finally those with 20/20 to 20/40 (+3.7 and  +3.4 letters). @entity1 received an average of 10.5 injections per year. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous fixed-interval dosing of anti- @entity7 therapy in @entity1 with exudative @entity1020 results in favorable long-term preservation out to 7 years, with vision stabilizing or improving in 93.2% of eyes. Additionally, 43.2% of @entity1 maintained driving vision in the treatment eye at 7 years compared with 10.1% at baseline. Our data suggest better outcomes with continuous therapy over published results with sporadic, as-needed therapy.

title: Long-Term Outcomes in Eyes Receiving Fixed-Interval Dosing of Anti- XXXX Agents for Wet Age-Related @entity1020 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['AMD', 'age-related macular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual acuity']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF', 'anti-vascular endothelial growth factor']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor']


abstract: An increase in oxidative chemical modifications of tissue proteins by advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and advanced lipoxidation end products (ALEs) has been implicated in normal aging. @entity2766 (PM), one of the three natural forms of @entity2245 , has been identified as an inhibitor of AGE/ALE products formed during the autoxidation of @entity3363 and peroxidation of lipids. The current study seeks to determine whether PM intervention could prevent the age-related aortic stiffening and vascular resistance through its ability to inhibit the pathogenic cross-linking of glycated collagen. Male Fisher 344 @entity35 at 15 months were treated daily with PM (1 g l(-1) in drinking water) for 5 months and compared with the age-matched, untreated controls at 20 months. Pulsatile aortic pressure and flow signals were measured to perform the vascular impedance analysis. The anti-AGE antibody 6D12 was used to detect glycation-derived modification of aortic collagen, using protein blotting analysis. PM therapy attenuated the age-related increase in total peripheral resistance. An increase in wave transit time and aortic compliance by PM indicated that the drug improved aortic distensibility of the aged vasculature. This paralleled its reduction of AGE-collagen cross-links on aortas. Treatment of the old animals with PM also prevented the age-induced augmentation in vascular load imposed on the heart, as evidenced by an increased wave transit time and a decreased wave reflection factor. These findings suggest a partial role of PM in improving arterial mechanics by targeting the pathogenic formation of AGE-induced aortic collagen cross-links in old @entity35 .

title: XXXX prevents age-related aortic stiffening and vascular resistance in association with reduced collagen glycation.

entities_list: @entity2766 :: ('MESH:D011733', 'Chemical') :: ['Pyridoxamine']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

answer: @entity2766 :: (MESH:D011733,Chemical) :: ['Pyridoxamine']


abstract: Laboratory studies have suggested that rapidly alternating chemotherapy and radiation therapy might act synergistically. We undertook this study to evaluate the @entity137 and effectiveness of this approach in @entity1 with @entity189 involving the hypopharynx or esophagus. Between 1987 and 1991, we treated 47 @entity1 (23 with @entity189 involving the hypopharynx and 24 with @entity189 involving the esophagus) by three cycles of chemotherapy (during weeks 1, 4, and 7) rapidly alternating with twice-a-day radiation therapy (during weeks 2, 5, and 8). Chemotherapy consisted of @entity900 100 mg/m2 and @entity1487 3-4 g/m2 given over 4 days. Radiation therapy consisted of 180-200 cGy twice each day to 2000 cGy/cycle, total 6000 cGy over 7 weeks. The histology was @entity957 in 44 @entity1 and @entity420 in 3 @entity1 with @entity5 . Median follow-up is 2 years (range 1-5 years). The observed survival rate for all 47 @entity1 was 54% at 1 year and 38% at 2 years. Acute @entity137 was considerable. Twelve @entity1 (25%) died during therapy from @entity137 , without @entity5 progression, leaving 35 @entity1 (18 hypopharynx, 17 esophagus) evaluable for response. Among the hypopharyngeal @entity1 , 83% had a complete response, 11% had a partial response, and 6% had no response. Among the esophageal @entity1 , 94% had a complete response, and 6% had a partial response. Local control was better for the esophageal @entity1 than the hypopharyngeal @entity1 (98% vs. 52% at 2 years, p = 0.038). The incidence of distant metastases was 25% at 2 years and not significantly different between the two groups. A high rate of local control was achieved, particularly in @entity418 , by delivering chemotherapy and radiation therapy in a rapidly alternating fashion. This was achieved at a considerable cost in terms of @entity137 , however. Although our response rates and local control compare favorably with those of other recently published studies of combined modality therapy in esophagus or @entity135 , much additional work is required to reduce the @entity137 and, in @entity5 , to further improve the local control.

title: Chemotherapy rapidly alternating with twice-a-day accelerated radiation therapy in XXXX involving the hypopharynx or esophagus: an update.

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'esophagus cancer', 'hypopharyngeal cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of @entity458 ( @entity458 ) among parents of Lebanese @entity1 with @entity5 and to investigate the associated stressors and coping strategies. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted at the American University of Beirut Medical Center- @entity1 Cancer Center of Lebanon in 2012. Parents of all @entity1 with @entity5 admitted for treatment were eligible @entity1 . The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used to estimate the prevalence of @entity458 . Coping strategies were measured via the @entity6160 ( @entity6160 ). Bivariate and multiple regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the relationship between GHQ-12 (scores 0-36), stressors, family/social support, and coping strategies. RESULTS: One hundred fourteen parents (68.2%) completed the anonymous questionnaire. Based on GHQ-12, significant @entity458 was considered among 56.0% of the parents. It was found to be significantly positively associated with the degree of family financial problems and significantly negatively associated with the @entity1 's disease duration. A significant negative relationship was also found between @entity458 and Coping ( @entity6160 ) scale, coping pattern I (Maintaining Family Integration and an Optimistic Outlook for the Situation), pattern II (Seeking Social Support), yet not with pattern III (Seeking Information). CONCLUSIONS: @entity458 is prevalent among parents of Lebanese @entity1 hospitalized because of @entity5 . Screening for @entity458 in the latter population is feasible, would identify those who are at risk for @entity952 , and facilitate the provision of support towards better adjustment and coping. Alleviating parental @entity458 may facilitate the realization of optimal health outcomes. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Psychological distress and coping strategies in parents of XXXX with @entity5 in Lebanon.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'child', 'children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity6160 :: ('MESH:D063129', 'Disease') :: ['CHIP', 'Coping Health Inventory for Parents']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress', 'PD']

entities_list: @entity952 :: ('MESH:D019958', 'Disease') :: ['disruptive PD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare multidetector CT (MDCT), MRI, and FDG PET/CT imaging for the @entity298 ( @entity298 ) in @entity43 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 with @entity43 and suspected @entity298 underwent MDCT, MRI, and FDG PET/CT, shortly before surgery. Nine abdominopelvic regions were defined according to the peritoneal @entity5 index. We applied lesion size scores on MDCT and MR and measured FDG PET/CT standard uptake. We blindly read MDCT, MR, and PET/CT before joint review and comparison with histopathology. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was performed. RESULTS: Ten @entity1 had @entity298 (67%). Altogether, 135 abdominopelvic sites were compared. Multidetector CT, MRI, and FDG PET/CT had a sensitivity of 96%, 98%, and 95%, and specificity was 92%, 84%, and 96%, respectively. Corresponding receiver operating characteristics area was 0.94, 0.90, and 0.96, respectively, without any significant differences between them (P = 0.12). FDG PET/CT detected supradiaphragmatic disease in 3 @entity1 (20%) not seen by MDCT or MRI. CONCLUSIONS: Although MRI had the highest sensitivity and FDG PET/CT had the highest specificity, no significant differences were found between the 3 techniques. Thus, MDCT, as the fastest, most economical, and most widely available modality, is the examination of choice, if a stand-alone technique is required. If inconclusive, PET/CT or MRI may offer additional insights. Whole-body FDG PET/CT may be more accurate for supradiaphragmatic metastatic extension.

title: @entity298 in Primary XXXX : Comparison Between MDCT, MRI, and 18F-FDG PET/CT.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['detection of peritoneal carcinomatosis', 'PC']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Ovarian Cancer Staging']


abstract: @entity5018 , 400 mg, was compared with 300 mg @entity1443 plus 30 mg of @entity10425 and placebo in 120 post-orthopedic surgery @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity158 . The study was designed as a double-blind, single-dose, parallel-group analgesic efficacy assay. Estimates of @entity1337 were obtained up to 6 h using categorical and visual analog measures of @entity158 intensity and @entity158 relief. Estimates of selected elements of mood and of sensory and affective components of @entity158 were obtained at 0 and 2 h using contrasting mood word/phrase pairs and a portion of the McGill Pain Questionnaire, respectively. Drugs were distinguishable from placebo in total analgesic effect, and @entity5018 was more effective than @entity1443 plus @entity10425 , especially in terms of duration. While peak effects were comparable, they occurred 1 h later following @entity5018 . Differences among treatments were more discernible using visual analog measures. Side effects were minimal. @entity5018 provided greater improvement in selected elements of mood than @entity1443 plus @entity10425 at comparable levels of @entity158 relief. While @entity158 were most highly associated with @entity158 relief provided by @entity5018 , decreases in the affective component were most highly associated with @entity158 relief following @entity1443 plus @entity10425 . These latter results indicate that mood assessment and the discrimination between sensory and affective components of @entity158 could be particularly useful within analgesic drug assays, especially when comparing analgesics of differing pharmacologic class and when comparing the results of such assays in @entity158 syndromes characterized by differing @entity158 quality.

title: Efficacy and quality of @entity5018 and @entity1443 plus XXXX @entity1337 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['Ibuprofen', 'ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'decreases in the sensory component of pain']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaminophen']

answer: @entity10425 :: (MESH:D003061,Chemical) :: ['codeine']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Probiotic formulations of single species of bacteria have not been effective in preventing the recurrence of @entity30 after surgery. We investigated the ability of VSL#3, a mixture of 8 different bacterial probiotic species, to prevent @entity30 recurrence after surgery in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. METHODS: Within 30 days of ileocolonic resection and re- @entity254 , @entity1 with @entity30 were randomly assigned to groups given 1 sachet of VSL#3 (900 billion viable bacteria, comprising 4 strains of Lactobacillus, 3 strains of Bifidobacterium, and 1 strain of @entity5858 ) (n  = 59) or matching placebo (n  = 60). Colonoscopy was performed at days 90 and 365 to evaluate the neoterminal ileum for disease recurrence and obtain mucosal biopsies for cytokine analysis. @entity1 from both groups with either no or mild endoscopic recurrence at day 90 received VSL#3 until day 365. The primary outcome was the proportion of @entity1 with severe endoscopic recurrence at day  90. RESULTS: At day 90, the proportion of @entity1 with severe @entity75 did not differ significantly between VSL#3 (9.3%) and placebo (15.7%, P  = .19). The proportions of @entity1 with non-severe lesions at day 90 who had severe endoscopic recurrence at day 365 were 10.0% in the early VSL#3 group (given VSL#3 for the entire 365 days) and 26.7% in the late VSL#3 group (given VSL#3 from days 90 through 365) (P  = .09). Aggregate rates of severe recurrence (on days 90 and 365) were not statistically different, 20.5% of subjects in the early VSL#3 group and 42.1% in the late VSL#3 group. @entity1 receiving VSL#3 had reduced mucosal inflammatory cytokine levels compared with placebo at day 90 (P < .05). @entity30 activity index and @entity29 quality of life scores were similar in the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: There were no statistical differences in endoscopic recurrence rates at day 90 between @entity1 who received VSL#3 and @entity1 who received placebo. Lower mucosal levels of inflammatory cytokines and a lower rate of recurrence among @entity1 who received early VSL#3 (for the entire 365 days) indicate that this probiotic should be further investigated for prevention of @entity30 recurrence. Clinical trials.gov number: NCT00175292.

title: The Probiotic VSL#3 Has Anti-inflammatory Effects and Could Reduce Endoscopic Recurrence After Surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic lesions']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity5858 :: ('1308', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus salivarius subspecies thermophilus']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to identify clinical variables that may predict the need for adjuvant radiotherapy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and radical surgery in locally advanced cervical @entity5 @entity1 . METHODS: A retrospective series of cervical @entity5 @entity1 with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages @entity3847 -IIB treated with NACT followed by radical surgery was analyzed. Clinical predictors of persistence of intermediate- and/or high-risk factors at final pathological analysis were investigated. Statistical analysis was performed using univariate and multivariate analysis and using a model based on artificial intelligence known as artificial neuronal network (ANN) analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 101 @entity1 were available for the analyses. Fifty-two (51 %) @entity1 were considered at high risk secondary to parametrial, resection margin and/or lymph node involvement. When disease was confined to the cervix, four (4 %) @entity1 were considered at intermediate risk. At univariate analysis, FIGO grade 3, stage IIB disease at diagnosis and the presence of enlarged nodes before NACT predicted the presence of intermediate- and/or high-risk factors at final pathological analysis. At multivariate analysis, only FIGO grade 3 and @entity5 diameter maintained statistical significance. The specificity of ANN models in evaluating predictive variables was slightly superior to conventional multivariable models. CONCLUSIONS: FIGO grade, stage, @entity5 diameter, and histology are associated with persistence of pathological intermediate- and/or high-risk factors after NACT and radical surgery. This information is useful in counseling @entity1 at the time of treatment planning with regard to the probability of being subjected to pelvic radiotherapy after completion of the initially planned treatment.

title: When Does Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Really Avoid Radiotherapy? Clinical Predictors of Adjuvant Radiotherapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cervical Cancer']


abstract: Five @entity1 (six @entity221 sites) with advanced superficial @entity5 were treated with combined @entity11256 , @entity900 , local @entity221 , and radiation therapy as part of a Phase I pilot study. Treatment was given once weekly and consisted of @entity11256 3 gm/m2 IV bolus, @entity900 50 mg/m2 IV bolus, @entity221 for 60 min with a target temperature of 43 degrees C, and radiation therapy 500 cGy/fraction (median total dose 3000 cGy) for a total of six weeks. Blood levels of @entity11256 were taken during treatment at week 1 and week 4. @entity11256 drug exposure was calculated using the trapezoidal rule and expressed as the area under the curve (AUC) of plasma concentration x time. Five of six treatment sites had received prior irradiation. Prior chemotherapy had been given in three @entity1 and @entity440 therapy given in the other two @entity1 . The median follow-up time is 34 months; 3/5 @entity1 have died of disease. The most significant @entity137 was grade I or II @entity390 and @entity391 associated with 19/32 treatments (59%) and a second degree burn in 2/6 fields. None of the five @entity1 experienced @entity1897 , skin ulceration, or needed surgical repair. In addition, there was mild @entity8 ; pharmacokinetic analysis showed a 28-75% increase in the week 1 to week 4 AUC in three @entity1 , all of whom had a decrease in @entity1011 clearance over the same time of 15-47%. This pilot study suggests this combined modality therapy can be delivered without major complications and that renal function, determined by @entity1011 clearance, affects clearance of @entity11256 and alters the AUC. Therefore, monitoring renal function is important in @entity1 receiving @entity11256 in addition to other nephrotoxic agents such as @entity900 . The impact of @entity11256 on the therapeutic index of @entity221 , radiation therapy and @entity900 may be worth of study, especially since a positive interaction between these modalities is found in laboratory models.

title: Pilot study of local XXXX , radiation therapy, @entity11256 , and @entity900 for advanced superficial @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity11256 :: ('MESH:D017341', 'Chemical') :: ['Etanidazole', 'etanidazole']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['hyperthermia']


abstract: Two thirds of @entity1 hospitalized to rule out @entity583 ( @entity583 ) are eventually found to have a non- @entity583 diagnosis, whereas 2% to 8% of @entity1 with @entity583 are inappropriately discharged from the emergency department. @entity5632 has been shown to increase within 2 to 3 hours of @entity296 . This study evaluates the usefulness of @entity5632 in acute @entity662 . Serial blood samples were obtained from 89 suspected @entity583 @entity1 evaluated in the emergency department. Testing included @entity908 kinase (CK), a @entity908 kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), and @entity5632 . Twenty five of 89 @entity1 (28%) had a diagnosis of @entity583 . The sensitivity of @entity5632 for the detection of @entity583 was 56% at the time of admission and 100% 2 hours after admission. Thirteen of 25 @entity583 @entity1 (52%) had a positive @entity5632 before increases in CK or CK-MB, including one @entity1 discharged from the emergency department. More importantly, the negative predictive value for @entity5632 at the time of admission was 83% and was 100% two hours after admission. This potential for 100% predictability in excluding @entity583 by the use of serial @entity5632 determinations will be very helpful in the correct triage of @entity1 presenting with acute @entity662 .

title: @entity5632 in the early evaluation of acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity5632 :: ('4151', 'Gene') :: ['Myoglobin', 'myoglobin']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity662 :: (MESH:D002637,Disease) :: ['chest pain']


abstract: CONTEXT: Severe @entity810 among hospitalized @entity1 often necessitates initiation of short-term dialysis. Little is known about the long-term outcome of those who survive to hospital discharge. OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of chronic dialysis and all-cause mortality in individuals who experience an episode of @entity810 requiring dialysis. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : We conducted a population-based cohort study of all adult @entity1 in Ontario, Canada, with @entity810 who required in-hospital dialysis and survived free of dialysis for at least 30 days after discharge between July 1, 1996, and December 31, 2006. These individuals were matched with @entity1 without @entity810 or dialysis during their index hospitalization. Matching was by age plus or minus 5 years, sex, history of @entity740 , receipt of mechanical ventilation during the index hospitalization, and a propensity score for developing @entity810 requiring dialysis. @entity1 were followed up until March 31, 2007. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary end point was the need for chronic dialysis and the secondary outcome was all-cause mortality. RESULTS: We identified 3769 adults with @entity810 requiring in-hospital dialysis and 13 598 matched controls. The mean age was 62 years and median follow-up was 3 years. The incidence rate of chronic dialysis was 2.63 per 100 @entity1 -years among individuals with @entity810 requiring dialysis, and 0.91 per 100 @entity1 -years among control @entity1 (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.23; 95% confidence interval, 2.70-3.86). All-cause mortality rates were 10.10 and 10.85 per 100 @entity1 -years, respectively (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.95; 95% confidence interval, 0.89-1.02). CONCLUSIONS: @entity810 necessitating in-hospital dialysis was associated with an increased risk of chronic dialysis but not all-cause mortality.

title: Chronic dialysis and death among survivors of XXXX requiring dialysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'person', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['Acute kidney injury', 'acute kidney injury']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute kidney injury']


abstract: This study was aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment of @entity1 with @entity792 combined with @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ). The clinical characteristics and pathologic patterns of 6 @entity1 with @entity1893 who concurrently suffered from @entity792 were analysed retrospectively from aspects of clinical course, pathologic features, and therapy. Treatment outcomes for @entity792 and @entity1893 were observed. The results showed that 6 @entity1 included 4 females and 2 males, range in age from 28 to 65 years with a median age of 56 years. The @entity792 are @entity10632 ( @entity10632 , 2 cases), @entity309 ( @entity309 , 2 cases), @entity31 ( @entity31 , 1 case) and @entity30 ( @entity30 , 1 case). The @entity1893 located not only in the lymph node (n = 3) but also in extranodal sites (n = 3). Histologically, 3 cases were @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ), 2 cases were extranodal nasal NK/ @entity784 (ENKL) and 1 case was @entity3191 , not otherwise specified. Based on @entity2282 , @entity4042 and @entity14546 expression patterns, all 3 @entity1892 were classified as non-GC subtype. EBER positive @entity5 cells were detected in 2 case of ENKL. 5 @entity1 achieved a complete remission (83%) and 1 @entity1 was primary drug-resistant after @entity3726 chemotherapy or involved radiotherapy. Median survival from the time of @entity706 diagnosis was 3 years. 1 @entity1 showed clinical improvement of the @entity10632 symptoms, 2 @entity1 ( @entity30 and @entity31 ) showed stable state of disease and 2 @entity1 with @entity309 and 1 @entity1 with @entity10632 needed continuing treatment for their @entity792 after chemotherapy for @entity1893 . It is concluded that the development of @entity1893 is one of the most serious complications in @entity1 with @entity792 . There is an increased frequency of non-GC subtype @entity1892 . @entity3726 combined with or without radiotherapy proves to be effective for @entity792 @entity1 with aggressive @entity1893 but ineffective for concurrent @entity792 .

title: [Clinic-pathologic characteristics of XXXX combined with @entity1893 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease", 'CD']

entities_list: @entity3191 :: ('MESH:D016411', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral T cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse large B cell lymphoma', 'DLBCL']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hodgkin lymphoma', 'NHL', 'NHL diseases']

entities_list: @entity10632 :: ('MESH:D012859', 'Disease') :: ['SS', "Sjogren's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease', 'autoimmune diseases']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity792 :: (MESH:D001327,Disease) :: ['autoimmune diseases']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: : A major complication in continuous, ambulatory @entity298 in @entity1 with @entity454 who are undergoing long-term @entity298 ( @entity298 ) is peritoneal @entity82 , which can result in peritoneal structural changes and functional ultrafiltration failure. @entity1 umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) in Wharton's jelly possess stem cell properties and are easily obtained and processed. This study focuses on the effects of HUMSCs on peritoneal @entity82 in in vitro and in vivo experiments. After 24-hour treatment with mixture of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and @entity298 solution at a 1:3 ratio, primary @entity1 peritoneal mesothelial cells became susceptible to @entity298 -induced cell death. Such cytotoxic effects were prevented by coculturing with primary HUMSCs. In a @entity35 model, intraperitoneal injections of 20 mM @entity14625 ( @entity11999 ) in @entity298 solution for 3 weeks (the @entity298 / @entity11999 3W group) markedly induced @entity10879 formation, peritoneal thickening, and collagen accumulation. Immunohistochemical analyses indicated neoangiogenesis and significant increase in the numbers of ED-1- and a-smooth muscle actin ( @entity1970 )-positive cells in the thickened peritoneum in the @entity298 / @entity11999 3W group, suggesting that @entity298 / @entity11999 induced an inflammatory response. Furthermore, @entity298 / @entity11999 treatment for 3 weeks caused functional impairments in the peritoneal membrane. However, in comparison with the @entity298 / @entity11999 group, intraperitoneal administration of HUMSCs into the @entity35 significantly ameliorated the @entity298 / @entity11999 -induced @entity10879 formation, peritoneal @entity82 , @entity32 , neoangiogenesis, and ultrafiltration failure. After 3 weeks of transplantation, surviving HUMSCs were found in the peritoneum in the HUMSC-grafted @entity35 . Thus, xenografts of HUMSCs might provide a potential therapeutic strategy in the prevention of peritoneal @entity82 . SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrated that direct intraperitoneal transplantation of @entity1 umbilical mesenchymal stem cells into the @entity35 effectively prevented @entity298 / @entity14625 -induced @entity10879 formation, ultrafiltration failure, and peritoneal membrane alterations such as peritoneal thickening, @entity82 , and @entity32 . These findings provide a basis for a novel approach for therapeutic benefits in the treatment of encapsulating peritoneal @entity1463 .

title: The Therapeutic Potential of @entity1 Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Wharton's Jelly in the Treatment of @entity35 Peritoneal Dialysis-Induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity14625 :: ('MESH:D011765', 'Chemical') :: ['methylglyoxal']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal dialysis', 'PD']

entities_list: @entity10879 :: ('OMIM:613630', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal cocoon']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['Fibrosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study, performed in an @entity1213 ( @entity1213 ) population with a normal serum @entity1011 , was to estimate urinary @entity1011 clearance ( @entity14488 ) in a population of @entity1230 @entity1 (PT) through a comparison with a population of non @entity130 @entity1 (NPT). METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational study in a medical and surgical @entity1213 in a university hospital. A total of 284 @entity1 were consecutively included. Two different groups were studied: PT (n = 144) and NPT (n = 140). Within the second week after admission to the @entity1213 , renal function was assessed using serum @entity1011 , 24 h urinary @entity14488 . RESULTS: Among the 106 @entity1 with a @entity14488 above 120 mL minute(-1) 1.73 m(-2), 79 were PT and 27 NPT (P < 0.0001). Only 63 @entity1 had a @entity14488 below 60 mL minute(-1) 1.73 m(-2) with 15 PT and 48 NPT (P < 0.0001). @entity1 with @entity14488 greater than 120 mL minute(-1). 1.73 m(-2) were younger, had a lower SAPS II score and a higher male ratio as compared to those having @entity14488 lower than 120 mL minute(-1). 1.73 m(-2). Through a logistic regression analysis, age and @entity130 were the only factors independently correlated to @entity14488 . CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1213 @entity1 with normal serum @entity1011 , @entity14488 , is higher in PT than in NPT. The measure of @entity14488 should be proposed as routine for PT @entity1 in order to adjust dose regimen, especially for drugs with renal elimination.

title: Increased @entity1011 clearance in @entity1230 XXXX with normal serum @entity1011 : a retrospective observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['polytrauma']

entities_list: @entity1213 :: ('MESH:D012555', 'Disease') :: ['intensive care unit', 'ICU']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1204 is the most common gynecologic malignancy in the developed countries. Clinical studies have shown that early stage uterine @entity189 (USC) has outcomes similar to early stage high grade @entity4348 ( @entity44477 ) than to early stage low grade @entity4348 ( @entity44477 ). However, little is known about the origin of these different clinical outcomes. This study applied the whole genome expression profiling to explore the expression difference of stage I USC (n=11) relative to stage I @entity44477 (n=11) and stage I @entity44477 (n=11), respectively. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDING: We found that the expression difference between USC and @entity44477 , as measured by the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), is consistently less than that found between USC and @entity44477 . Pathway enrichment analyses suggested that DEGs specific to USC vs. @entity44477 are enriched for genes involved in signaling transduction, while DEGs specific to USC vs. @entity44477 are enriched for genes involved in cell cycle. Gene expression differences for selected DEGs are confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR with a high validation rate. CONCLUSION: This data, although preliminary, indicates that stage I USC is genetically similar to stage I @entity44477 compared to stage I @entity44477 . DEGs identified from this study might provide an insight in to the potential mechanisms that influence the clinical outcome differences between @entity1204 subtypes. They might also have potential prognostic and therapeutic impacts on @entity1 diagnosed with uterine @entity5 .

title: Gene expression profiles in stage I uterine @entity189 in comparison to grade 3 and grade 1 stage I XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer', 'Endometrial cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['serous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4348 :: ('MESH:D018269', 'Disease') :: ['endometrioid adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity4348 :: (MESH:D018269,Disease) :: ['endometrioid adenocarcinoma']


abstract: To investigate the effects of polymer chemistry and topology (linear or graft copolymer) on in vivo biocompatibility and biostability based on cage implant system, various hydrogels, composed of short hydrophilic [ @entity968 ( @entity970 )] and @entity616 , were prepared by polycondensation reaction. @entity72662 ( @entity72663 ) or @entity13768 ( @entity16549 ) was chosen as a @entity616 because of their wide utilization as a biomaterial. By using the specimens retrieved from @entity35 killed after 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 weeks' implantation, cellular and material responses were assessed. Most hydrogels showed a comparable value of macrophage density to @entity2636 (R), control polymer, whereas they did significantly lower foreign body giant cell (FBGC) density and coverage because of the presence of @entity970 . However, @entity970 block length and polymer topology did not affect macrophage adhesion and FBGC formation in our polymer composition. The hydrogel based on @entity16549 alone showed significantly lower macrophage density and FBGC density than @entity2636 (R), indicating that @entity16549 plays a role in inhibiting cellular adhesion. The results obtained from gel permeation chromatography curve and Fourier transform infrared spectra exhibited that all the polymers were susceptible to oxidative degradation in vivo. Although @entity2636 (R) revealed surface degradation by 5 weeks in vivo, hydrogels showed rapid degradation in the bulk within 2 weeks because of the penetration of oxidative chemicals released from phagocytic cells into @entity970 domain of phase-separated hydrogels. The more significant degradation was observed in the hydrogels with longer @entity970 block and PTMO as a @entity616 instead of @entity16549 . It was evident that the minor degradation could be achieved by grafting @entity970 and adopting @entity16549 as a @entity616 in the hydrogel.

title: Hydrogels based on XXXX and @entity72662 or @entity13768 . III. In vivo biocompatibility and biostability.

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene oxide']

entities_list: @entity72662 :: ('MESH:C047554', 'Chemical') :: ['Poly(tetramethylene oxide)']

entities_list: @entity13768 :: ('MESH:C013830', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(dimethyl siloxane)']

entities_list: @entity2636 :: ('MESH:D011140', 'Chemical') :: ['Pellethane']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['hydrophobic block']

answer: @entity968 :: (MESH:D011092,Chemical) :: ['poly(ethylene oxide)']