abstract: OBJECTIVE: Cardiovascular risk assessment is an accepted practice in adults and correlates with early changes in carotid structure and function. Its clinical use in pediatrics is less common. We sought to determine whether a simple method of clustering cardiovascular risks could detect early atherosclerotic changes in youth. In addition, we compared risk clustering with the accepted Patholobiological @entity731 in Youth score to assess its utility for predicting @entity455 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We collected demographic, anthropometric, laboratory, and vascular measures in a cross-sectional study. The study population (n = 474; mean age: 18 years) was divided into low-risk (0-1) or high-risk (>=  2) groups on the basis of the number of cardiovascular risk factors present at evaluation. Group differences and vascular outcomes were compared. General linear models were used to compare clustering cardiovascular risks with the Patholobiological @entity731 in Youth score. RESULTS: The high-risk group had higher vascular thickness and @entity2693 compared with the low-risk group (P < .05). @entity2357 models found that clustering cardiovascular risks is associated with abnormal vascular structure and function after adjustment for age, race, and gender. The Patholobiological @entity731 in Youth score also is associated with abnormal vascular structure and function but with lower R(2) values (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular risk clustering is a reliable tool for assessing abnormal vascular function. Its simplicity, compared with the Patholobiological @entity731 in Youth score, provides an advantageous tool for the practicing clinician to identify those youth who are at higher risk for early @entity65 .

title: Clustering of risk factors: a simple method of detecting XXXX in youth.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['early vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity2357 :: ('MESH:C537770', 'Disease') :: ['Regression']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['Determinants of Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity2693 :: ('MESH:C566112', 'Disease') :: ['stiffness']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A clinical trial was carried out to determine whether therapeutic doses of @entity229 could inhibit the response to the @entity112 skin test. METHODS: Forty-five male and female asthmatic and @entity56 @entity1 participated in the study, their ages ranged from 6-14 years old (16 @entity1 and 29 @entity1 ). The clinical trial was random, double-blind, and placebo-controlled. METHODS: Three treatment groups were formed and @entity1 were assigned randomly to them. Groups A and B received @entity229 at 0.5 and 1 mg/kg/day, respectively, whereas group C received a placebo (p.o.). All treatments lasted for 10 days. The @entity112 test was applied on the first, fifth and tenth days of treatment, and the size of the wheal and the extension of the flare were evaluated 5 min after the application of the test. The statistical tool used was ANOVA, since the study sought to see the difference among the treatment groups, after including 45 @entity1 in three groups of 15 @entity1 each. RESULTS: No significant statistical difference was observed among the groups using an ANOVA test. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that the response to the @entity112 test was not modified by a 10-day treatment with @entity229 at doses of 0.5 mg/kg/day and 1 mg/kg/day.

title: Is the @entity112 skin test inhibited by XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

answer: @entity229 :: (MESH:D011241,Chemical) :: ['prednisone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1246 receptor ( @entity1246 -A) is the most common receptor of fast synaptic inhibition in the @entity1 brain. Gamma protein encoded by the @entity65316 gene is one of the subunits of the @entity1246 -A receptor, which plays an essential role in the function of this receptor. Several studies have identified various @entity410 ( @entity410 ) and @entity302 risk variants of @entity65316 gene in different populations, but some others did not support these results. The aim of this case-control study is to investigate whether @entity65316 polymorphisms contribute to susceptibility for @entity410 and @entity302 in pooled data of three cohorts, from Malaysia (composed of Malay, Chinese, and Indian), Hong Kong, and Korea. Furthermore, the pooled dataset of these cohorts with previous reports were meta-analyzed for determining the risk effect size of the @entity71184 polymorphism on @entity410 and @entity302 ( @entity302 ). The @entity71184 , @entity71185 , @entity71186 , @entity71187 , @entity71188 , and @entity71189 polymorphisms were genotyped in the 6442 subjects (1729 @entity302 and 4713 controls). Results of the case-control study showed associations between @entity71184 and the risk of @entity302 in the pooled data from all cohorts (T vs. C, p   =   3   *   10(-5), and TT vs. CC, p   =   2   *   10(-5)) and the risk of partial @entity410 in the combined data of Malaysia and Hong Kong (both T vs. C and TT vs. CC, p   =   2   *   10(-6)). The @entity71184 - @entity71185 and @entity71187 - @entity71188 - @entity71189 haplotypes were also associated with susceptibility to @entity302 in Chinese. Meta-analysis of all Asians identified association between @entity71184 and @entity410 and @entity302 (T vs. C, p   =   4   *   10(-4), and p   =   4   *   10(-3), respectively). In conclusion, @entity71184 alone may be a risk factor for @entity410 , partial @entity410 , and @entity302 , and in linkage disequilibrium with @entity71185 can contribute to @entity410 and @entity302 in Asians, particularly in Chinese.

title: Contribution of @entity65316 Polymorphisms to Risk of XXXX : a Multicenter Cohort Study and Meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'FS', 'febrile seizure']

entities_list: @entity1246 :: ('MESH:D005680', 'Chemical') :: ['Gamma-aminobutyric acid', 'GABA']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['symptomatic epilepsy', 'epilepsy', 'SE']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['Epilepsy and Febrile Seizure']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose To validate a @entity353 ( @entity353 ) method for magnetic resonance imaging data that is designed to differentiate between pseudoprogression and early @entity5 progression (ETP) in @entity1 with @entity463 in an independent test set. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was approved by the local institutional review board, with waiver of the need to obtain informed consent. The study @entity1 were grouped chronologically into a training set (108 @entity1 ) and a test set (54 @entity1 ). The reference standard was pathologic findings or subsequent clinical-radiologic study results. By using the optimal cutoff determined in the training set, the diagnostic performance of @entity353 was subsequently tested in the test set and was compared with that of single-parameter measurements (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], normalized cerebral blood volume [nCBV], and initial area under the time-signal intensity curve). Results Interreader agreement was highest for @entity353 (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.87-0.89). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that @entity353 performed the best as a classifier, although statistical significance was not demonstrated with respect to the nCBV in the training set. In the test set, the diagnostic accuracy of @entity353 was higher than that of any single-parameter measurements, but this trend reached significance only for the ADC. When the entire population was considered, @entity353 had significantly better diagnostic accuracy than did any single parameter (P = .003-.046 for reader 1; P = .002-.016 for reader 2). Results of fivefold cross validation confirmed the trends in both the training set and the test set. Conclusion @entity353 is a superior and more reproducible imaging biomarker than single-parameter measurements for differentiating between pseudoprogression and ETP in @entity1 with @entity463 . (  ) RSNA, 2015 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

title: Pseudoprogression in @entity1 with XXXX : Assessment by Using Volume-weighted Voxel-based Multiparametric Clustering of MR Imaging Data in an Independent Test Set.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['volume-weighted voxel-based multiparametric clustering', 'VVMC']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['Glioblastoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of antiviral drugs in adults with chronic @entity1956 monoinfection for evidence-based decision-making. METHODS: A systematic review of @entity922 ( @entity922 ) published in English. Results after interferon and nucleos(t)ides analog therapies were synthesized with random-effects meta-analyses and number needed to treat (NNT). RESULTS: Despite sustained improvements in selected biomarkers, no one drug regimen improved all intermediate outcomes. In 16 underpowered @entity922 , drug treatments did not reduce mortality, @entity96 , or @entity82 . Sustained @entity97 DNA clearance was achieved in one @entity1 when two were treated with @entity24488 (NNT from 1 RCT=2 95%CI 1;2) or @entity4020 (NNT from 2 @entity922 =2 95%CI 2;4), 13 with @entity16332 (NNT from 1 RCT=13 95%CI 7;1000), and 11 with peginterferon alpha-2a vs. @entity16332 (NNT from 1 RCT=11 95%CI 7;25). Sustained @entity13211 seroconversion was achieved in one @entity1 when eight were treated with @entity4020 (NNT from 2 @entity922 =8 95%CI 5;33) or 10--with peginterferon alpha-2b vs. @entity4020 (NNT from 1 RCT=10 95%CI 5;1000). Greater benefits and safety after @entity17705 vs. @entity16332 or pegylated @entity4020 vs. @entity4020 require future investigation of clinical outcomes. Adverse events were common and more frequent after interferon. Treatment utilization for adverse effects is unknown. CONCLUSIONS: Individual clinical decisions should rely on comparative effectiveness and absolute rates of intermediate outcomes and adverse events. Future research should clarify the relationship of intermediate and clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of drugs for evidence-based policy and clinical decisions.

title: Systematic review of the literature on comparative effectiveness of antiviral treatments for chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity16332 :: ('MESH:D019259', 'Chemical') :: ['lamivudine']

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancer']

entities_list: @entity17705 :: ('MESH:C413685', 'Chemical') :: ['entecavir']

entities_list: @entity4020 :: ('3440', 'Gene') :: ['interferon alpha-2b']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['RCTs', 'randomized controlled clinical trials']

answer: @entity1956 :: (MESH:D006509,Disease) :: ['hepatitis B infection']


abstract: To study the effects of missense, nonsense, and deletion mutations of the gB glycoprotein gene of @entity3307 , a gB-transformed cell line was isolated that, after @entity778 , would express sufficient quantities of gB from the cellular chromosome to complement temperature-sensitive gB mutants. The transformed cell line was then used as a permissive cell to transfer two gB mutations from plasmid to viral DNA. One of the mutants, K082, harbored an HpaI linker insertion that introduced one new @entity535 and a chain terminator codon within @entity535 residue 43. The other mutant contained a 969-base-pair deletion in a part of the gene that includes the membrane-spanning region; a correspondingly shorter gB polypeptide was detected by @entity3208 -gel electrophoresis after immunoprecipitation of infected-cell extracts with four pooled monoclonal antibodies. No polypeptide was observed from K082-infected cells. The shortened gB polypeptide was efficiently processed and secreted into the growth medium. Each of the four monoclonal antibodies precipitated full-length gB, and three of the four precipitated the shortened polypeptide. Enveloped virus particles could be purified after infection of nonpermissive cells with either mutant virus. Virus particles appeared to possess normal polypeptide and glycopeptide profiles except for the absence of gB. Therefore, the presence of gB is not essential for viral assembly, including envelopment. Recombinants in virus stocks grown on the gB-transformed cells occurred at frequencies on the order of 10(-7) to 10(-5), compared with a frequency of approximately 10(-2) in @entity325 with the two mutants.

title: Linker-insertion nonsense and restriction-site deletion mutations of the gB glycoprotein gene of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['virus infection']

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['mixed infections']

entities_list: @entity3307 :: ('10298', 'Species') :: ['herpes simplex virus type 1']

answer: @entity3307 :: (10298,Species) :: ['herpes simplex virus type 1']


abstract: CONTEXT: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Whether differently expressed miRNAs contribute to promoting granulosa cell proliferation in @entity2670 ( @entity2670 ) remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: We explored whether certain miRNAs are involved in the @entity2670 of @entity2670 and the mechanism of increased granulosa cells proliferation. @entity1 and Cells: miRNA expression was analyzed in excised ovarian cortexes from 16 @entity1 with @entity2670 and 8 non- @entity2670 . An immortalized @entity1 granulosa (KGN) cell was used for the mechanism study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Expressions of miRNAs in ovarian cortexes were measured using qRT-PCR and KGN granulosa cells were cultured for proliferation assays after overexpression or inhibition of @entity6956 or after @entity2690 treatment. Bioinformatics were used to identify the potential miRNA targets. Protein expression analysis, luciferase assays, and rescue assays were used to confirm the substrate of @entity6956 . RESULTS: @entity6956 expression was higher in @entity2670 ovarian cortex and its identified target, @entity994 , was downregulated. @entity6956 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and G1 to S transition. Knocking down @entity994 promoted cell growth and cell cycle progression in granulosa cells, and @entity994 re-introduction reversed the promotional role of @entity6956 . High concentrations of @entity2690 induced upregulation of @entity6956 , stimulated KGN cells proliferation and reduced @entity994 expression. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6956 was increased in @entity2670 granulosa cells and targeted @entity994 to promote proliferation and cell cycle progression. @entity2690 could upregulate the expression of @entity6956 and stimulate cell proliferation. This might provide a new insight into the dysfunction of granulosa cells in @entity2670 .

title: XXXX Promotes Ovarian Granulosa Cells Proliferation Through Targeting @entity994 in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity2670 :: ('MESH:D010049', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian dysfunction', 'polycystic ovarian syndrome disease', 'PCOS']

answer: @entity6956 :: (407051,Gene) :: ['MicroRNA-93']


abstract: The aims of this study were first to clearly define two different entities: locoregional recurrences and limited metastatic disease and secondly to evaluate the place of extensive surgery in these two types of recurrence. Material and Methods. Twenty-four @entity1 were followed from June 2004 until May 2014. All @entity1 underwent surgery but for 1 @entity1 this surgery was stopped because the @entity5 was unresectable. Results. The median interval between surgery for the primary @entity5 and the locoregional recurrence or metastatic evolution was 129 months. Eight @entity1 had pure nodal recurrences, 4 had nodal and muscular recurrences, 5 had muscular + skin recurrences, and 8 had metastatic evolution. Currently, all @entity1 are still alive but 2 have liver @entity3 . Disease free survival was measured at 2 years and extrapolated at 5 years and was 92% at these two time points. No difference was observed for young or older @entity1 ; limited metastatic evolution and locoregional recurrence exhibited the same disease free survival. Conclusion. Extensive surgery has a place in locoregional and limited metastatic @entity0 recurrences but this option must absolutely be integrated in the multidisciplinary strategy of therapeutic options and needs to be planned with a curative intent.

title: The place of extensive surgery in locoregional recurrence and limited metastatic disease of XXXX : preliminary results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Intestinal colonization of avian species by Eimeria parasites results in the @entity66 , @entity7843 . A study was carried out to assess the immunologic effects of Eimeria praecox infection on the gut of infected @entity1573 . In Experiment 1, birds were orally gavaged with 50,000 E. praecox oocysts; in Experiment 2, an infection dosage of 500,000 E. praecox oocysts was used. Duodenal and jejunal intestinal sections were sampled consecutively on days 1-7 post-infection. Intestinal expression of innate immune gene transcripts was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Analysis of relative gene expression in Experiment 1 revealed an increase (P<0.05) in duodenal Toll-like receptor ( @entity41494 expression on days 4 and 6 post-infection. @entity73051 expression was significantly decreased in the duodenum of infected birds on day 2, and significantly increased on day 6 post-infection. In Experiment 2, @entity41494 was significantly downregulated in the duodenum on day 7 post-infection; however, no significant results were observed in terms of @entity73051 expression. @entity53518 also exhibited decreased expression (P<0.05) on day 7 post-infection in both intestinal sections. Regarding antimicrobial peptide expression; in the first experiment, expression of @entity73052 ( @entity73052 ) in infected birds was significantly decreased in the duodenum on days 3 and 4, and in the jejunum on day 4. Similarly, Experiment 2 resulted in @entity308 of @entity73052 (P<0.05) on days 3-5 in the duodenum. In Experiment 1, cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide ( @entity73053 ) was downregulated (P<0.05) in the jejunum of infected @entity1573 on day 3 post-infection; however, @entity73053 results were non-significant in Experiment 2. Based on the differing results observed in each experiment, it was concluded that both TLR and antimicrobial peptide expression, and thus immunity may be dependent on infection load.

title: Expression of Toll-like receptors and antimicrobial peptides during Eimeria praecox infection in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['enteric disease']

entities_list: @entity7843 :: ('MESH:D003048', 'Disease') :: ['coccidiosis']

entities_list: @entity73052 :: ('414338(Tax:9031)', 'Gene') :: ['LEAP-2', 'liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chickens']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Epidemiological evidence suggests an association between @entity2210 ( @entity2210 ). Yet few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of psychological interventions have been conducted for @entity2210 . We conducted an RCT to evaluate the efficacy of psychotherapy among chronic @entity2210 . METHODS: One hundred fifty-eight consecutive @entity1 with @entity2210 were randomized to medical therapy plus psychotherapy consisted in 8 group and 2 individual sessions focused on teaching techniques for coping with @entity2210 ( @entity34 ( @entity34 ); n=76) or medical therapy alone ( @entity34 ( @entity34 ); n=82). @entity1 completed validated self-reported questionnaires before and after the 10-week treatment and 6months later. Linear mixed-effects models were used, in intention-to-treat analysis. RESULTS: At the end of treatment period, statistically significant improvements were observed for @entity34 compared with @entity34 for @entity2210 -related quality of life (DRQoL). DRQoL mean changes of 6.09 and 3.54 were obtained in @entity34 and @entity34 @entity1 , respectively (p=<0.0001); and SS mean changes of 11.55 and 4.57 were obtained in @entity34 and @entity34 @entity1 , respectively (p=0.0013). Those improvements, measured by @entity922 ( @entity922 ), were clinically significant (DRQoL: 77% of the @entity34 @entity1 exceeded the @entity922 vs the 45% of the @entity34 ; SS: 75% vs 48%). Six months after treatment, those statistically significant improvements persisted for DRQoL (p=0.0067) and for SS (p=0.0405). Clinical improvements persisted for SS (63% vs 41%). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that adding psychotherapy to standard medical therapy improves short-term outcomes in @entity1 with @entity2210 and may have long-term effects as well. The cost-effectiveness of intensive therapy needs to be evaluated. Registration number and name of trial registry: NCT01802710.

title: A randomized controlled trial of a 10week group psychotherapeutic treatment added to standard medical treatment in XXXX with @entity2210 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['minimum clinically important difference', 'MCID']

entities_list: @entity2210 :: ('MESH:D004415', 'Disease') :: ['psychological factors and functional dyspepsia', 'FD', 'dyspepsia']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['intensive treatment', 'IT', 'conventional treatment', 'CT']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Limited options remain for @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 ( @entity14 ) after failure of standard systemic chemotherapy. Readministration of chemotherapeutic agents by hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) has the rationale of providing higher concentrations of chemotherapeutic agents to hepatic metastases. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of HAI of @entity1487 with @entity4181 (HAI 5-FU/LV) for @entity1 with liver metastases from @entity14 . METHODS: Fourteen @entity1 with liver metastases from @entity14 who received HAI 5-FU/LV after failure of systemic chemotherapy containing @entity1487 and @entity4181 were identified and their medical records were reviewed. RESULTS: Of 10 @entity1 evaluable for response, one partial response, six stable disease, and three progressive disease were reported. Additionally, the overall response and disease control rates were 7% and 50%, respectively. The median time to progression was 4.3 months (range, 2.9 to 5.6), to hepatic progression was 5.8 months (range, 4.7 to 6.9), and to extrahepatic progression was 5.8 months (range, 2.3 to 9.2). No grade 3/4 hematologic @entity137 occurred and one case of @entity490 and two cases of @entity3136 were the only grade 3 nonhematologic @entity137 . Catheter-related complications occurred in three @entity1 : one @entity715 , one @entity281 , and one displacement. CONCLUSIONS: HAI 5-FU/LV was well tolerated and showed modest efficacy for @entity1 with liver metastases from refractory @entity14 . Readministration of previously used chemotherapeutic agents via the hepatic artery could be an effective salvage option and warrants further investigation in a prospective trial.

title: Efficacy and safety of hepatic arterial infusion of @entity1487 with XXXX as salvage treatment for refractory liver metastases from @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['oral mucositis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil']

answer: @entity4181 :: (MESH:D002955,Chemical) :: ['leucovorin']


abstract: This paper reports the incidence and natural history of macroscopic @entity3621 in a series of 127 consecutive @entity1 with portal @entity101 of various aetiologies. @entity3621 was observed endoscopically in 65 @entity1 (51%) and was of two main types. Twenty eight @entity1 had severe or persistent @entity3621 which caused clinically significant @entity548 on 80 occasions and accounted for 25% of the bleeds from all sources. The remainder had mild @entity3621 . The presence of @entity3621 seemed to be independent of the severity of @entity409 or the degree of rise of wedged hepatic venous pressure and there was no difference in age, sex, or drugs prescribed in @entity1 with or without @entity3621 . The mean follow up period and the mean number of sclerotherapy treatments was significantly greater (p less than 0.005) in @entity1 with @entity3621 . Full thickness gastric biopsies in seven surgical @entity1 and 11 autopsy specimens showed @entity384 . Endoscopic biopsies in 14 @entity1 showed @entity455 in the mucosal layer which was in excess of the degree of inflammatory infiltrate. @entity3621 occurred in @entity1 with portal @entity101 of all common aetiologies and the clinical and pathological evidence supports the contention that it reflects a congested gastric mucosa and should be renamed @entity384 . As injection sclerotherapy improves survival from variceal @entity548 @entity384 may become more common. The response to conventional ('anti-erosive') therapy is poor and measures aimed at reducing the gastric portal pressure may be the only effective means of treating this condition.

title: Gastric lesions in portal @entity101 : inflammatory @entity3621 or XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular ectasia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated and tortuous submucosal veins', 'congestive gastropathy']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['gastritis', 'Gastritis']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['congestive gastropathy']


abstract: Serious mortality among the cultured grouper @entity6941 , characterized by a swollen intestine containing yellow fluid ( @entity1902 ), occurred in 1993 in Taiwan. A bacterium isolated from the intestinal fluid and head kidney of moribund groupers was identified as @entity11784 . Since then, the same Vibrio species has also been isolated from moribund black sea bream Acanthopagrus schlegeli, @entity37765 sea bream A. latus, Japanese sea bass @entity6953 , and @entity25594 @entity25594 suffering from the same syndrome. Each isolate was virulent to the respective fish. Recently, a similar syndrome, flounder @entity39 , also caused by @entity11784 in summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus, was reported in Rhode Island. The extracellular products (ECPs) of @entity11784 strains EmI82KL (from grouper), Rd (from @entity25594 ), and SfUSA (from summer flounder, U.S.A.) were virulent to the grouper or @entity25594 . A 33-kDa @entity563 protease partially purified from the ECP of strain EmI82KL was lethal to the fish. All the moribund or killed fish exhibited @entity1902 except those killed within 12 hours. This report is the first to show that intraperitoneal injection of the ECP or protease in the fish is virulent and can reproduce @entity1902 . The @entity563 protease was suggested as a major toxin in the grouper or @entity25594 secreted by @entity11784 .

title: Pathogenesis of @entity1902 caused by XXXX in cultured marine fish.

entities_list: @entity11784 :: ('669', 'Species') :: ['V. carchariae', 'Vibrio carchariae']

entities_list: @entity25594 :: ('76340', 'Species') :: ['red drum', 'Sciaenops ocellatus']

entities_list: @entity6941 :: ('94232', 'Species') :: ['Epinephelus coioides']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['infectious necrotizing enteritis']

entities_list: @entity1902 :: ('MESH:D005759', 'Disease') :: ['gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity6953 :: ('8164', 'Species') :: ['Lateolabrax japonicus']

answer: @entity11784 :: (669,Species) :: ['Vibrio carchariae']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the safety, efficacy, and diagnostic utility of percutaneous cholecystostomy in @entity1 with suspected calculous or @entity7140 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Percutaneous cholecystostomy guided with ultrasound (US) was performed in 58 consecutive hospitalized @entity1 with suspected acute @entity2679 (28 with calculous, 30 with @entity66 ) who were not surgical candidates. RESULTS: The gallbladder was successfully catheterized in all 58 @entity1 ; 48 @entity1 (83%) had a final diagnosis of acute @entity2679 . Clinical benefit was seen in 26 of 28 @entity1 (93%) with @entity2679 and in 16 of 20 @entity1 (80%) with @entity66 . The six @entity1 who did not respond had pathologic evidence of transmural @entity32 , and five had a gangrenous wall. The gallbladder was excluded as the source of @entity295 in 10 @entity1 with suspected @entity7140 . These @entity1 ' conditions did not improve after percutaneous cholecystostomy. Of the 48 @entity1 with @entity2679 , 18 underwent cholecystectomy, 25 recovered and had their catheters removed, and five died of other causes with their catheters in place. There was one major complication, and seven minor complications. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous cholecystostomy is efficacious in both calculous and @entity7140 , but it may be most useful in the diagnosis of @entity7140 .

title: Percutaneous cholecystostomy for the diagnosis and treatment of acute calculous and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['acalculous disease']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis', 'calculous cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity7140 :: ('MESH:D042101', 'Disease') :: ['acalculous cholecystitis']

answer: @entity7140 :: (MESH:D042101,Disease) :: ['acalculous cholecystitis']


abstract: To determine the effects of chronic @entity583 on beta-adrenergic properties of @entity235 myocardium, the hearts of nine mongrel @entity235 were studied 3 weeks after @entity583 . @entity1188 was produced by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery in five @entity235 and the circumflex artery in four @entity235 . The heart was divided into normal and @entity1188 zones (either anterior or posterior, depending on the vessel ligated) and marginal zones (septal and lateral), each zone being subdivided into epicardial and endocardial portions. Myocardial blood flow (microsphere technique) was markedly reduced in the @entity1188 zone. In eight endocardial @entity1188 samples after left anterior descending ligation, the maximal number (+/- SD) of binding sites assessed by 125I- @entity18013 was 3.9 +/- 1.9 pmol/mg @entity3141 ( @entity3141 ) and was reduced from normal endocardial values (9.7 +/- 9.4 pmol/mg @entity3141 , p less than 0.05). The dissociation constant (Kd), which is a measure of the affinity of the iodinated antagonist for the receptor, did not differ (304 +/- 222 versus 338 +/- 219 pM, p = NS). In the epicardium, the maximal number of beta-adrenergic receptors was also reduced (p less than 0.05), without a change in Kd. In the lateral and septal zones neither the maximal number of binding sites nor Kd values differed from those of normal endocardium. In nine endocardial @entity1188 zones, @entity3044 -stimulated @entity1920 cyclase activity was reduced compared with control (34,870 +/- 29,430 versus 88,660 +/- 63,640 pmol/mg @entity3141 /30 minutes, p less than 0.01), but the ratio of @entity3044 -stimulated to maximal ( @entity3163 -stimulated) @entity1920 cyclase activity was unchanged between normal and @entity1188 zones.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Beta-adrenergic receptor properties of @entity235 myocardium: effects of chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3141 :: ('CHEBI:16991', 'Chemical') :: ['DNA', 'deoxyribonucleic acid']

entities_list: @entity3163 :: ('MESH:D012969', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium fluoride']

entities_list: @entity18013 :: ('MESH:D020120', 'Chemical') :: ['iodocyanopindolol']

entities_list: @entity1920 :: ('CHEBI:16027', 'Chemical') :: ['adenylate']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct', 'Infarction']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['(-)-isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: This special report discusses the impact of globalization, patterns of migration in Southeast Asia, gender issues in migration, the links between migration and @entity645 / @entity791 , and spatial mobility and social networks. Migrants are particularly marginalized in countries that blame migrants for transmission of @entity166 and other social ills. Effective control of @entity645 / @entity791 among migrant and native populations requires a multisectoral approach. Programs should critically review the privatization of health care services and challenge economic models that polarize the rich and the poor, @entity1 and @entity1 , North and South, and migrant and native. Programs should recognize the equality between locals and migrants in receipt of health services. Countermeasures should have input from migrants in order to reduce the conditions that increase vulnerability to @entity645 / @entity791 . Gender-oriented research is needed to understand @entity1 's role in migration. Rapid assessment has obscured the @entity1 dimension of migrants' vulnerability to @entity645 . Condom promotion is not enough. Migration is a major consequence of globalization, which holds the promise, real or imagined, of prosperity for all. Mass migration can be fueled by explosive regional developments. In Southeast Asia, migration has been part of the process of economic development. The potential to emigrate increases with greater per capita income. " @entity7928 " economies have been labor importers. Safe sex is not practiced in many Asian countries because risk is not taken seriously. Migrants tend to be used as economic tools, without consideration of social adjustment and sex behavior among singles.

title: Vulnerable to XXXX / @entity791 . Migration.

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious and communicable diseases']

answer: @entity645 :: (57667,Species) :: ['HIV']


abstract: AIMS: A large meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials has seriously questioned chemoprevention based on vitamins including @entity270 (VE), and an increased risk for @entity5 among long-term users was actually seen. However, the mechanism underlying these findings still remain unknown. To clarify the mechanism, in an in vivo model we studied the putative disruption of redox homeostasis and the perturbation of carcinogen metabolizing enzymes determined by VE. MAIN METHODS: Male @entity35 were treated ip with either 100 or 200mg/kg b.w. daily for 7 or 14 consecutive days. Controls received vehicle only. @entity1447 ( @entity1447 ) content, @entity1447 -reductase, @entity1447 -linked monooxygenases, as well as phase-II and the antioxidant enzymes catalase and @entity1110 : @entity3276 reductase were investigated in both liver and kidney. Free radical species in tissue subcellular preparations were measured by electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy coupled to a radical probe technique. KEY FINDINGS: No substantial changes of hepatic xenobiotic metabolism enzymes were determined by VE. Conversely, a powerful booster effect of various renal phase-I carcinogen bioactivating enzymes at both dosages and observational times was recorded. While no relevant changes of post-oxidative phase-II reactions were found in the liver, a significant inactivating effect was caused by VE in renal tissues. Antioxidant enzymes were found mainly down regulated by the treatment. In the kidney, a marked free radical over-generation linkd to @entity1447 indiction was observed. SIGNIFICANCE: This study proved that VE acts as a co-carcinogen and pro-oxidant agent. Such epigenetic mechanisms may contribute to explain the harmful outcomes observed in @entity1 .

title: Disruption of redox homeostasis and carcinogen metabolizing enzymes changes by administration of @entity270 to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin E']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity14000 ( @entity14000 ) is one of the most intractable @entity2531 , especially in elderly @entity1 . There is evidence that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) reduces @entity9 ; however, its effectiveness for @entity14000 is unknown. This study investigated the efficacy of high-frequency rTMS in @entity1 with @entity14000 . DESIGN: A total of 40 @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive 10 sessions of real or sham rTMS of the primary motor cortex. Each stimulation session consisted of a series of 300 five-second pulses with a frequency of 10 Hz and an interval of 3 seconds between each train, giving a total of 1500 pulses per session. The primary outcome was @entity158 intensity measured before stimulation from first intervention (T0) to the final stimulation (T10), @entity676 months after final stimulation (T11 and T12). Other outcomes measured included scores on the short form @entity158 questionnaire, self-rating @entity308 scale, quality of life (QOL), sleep quality, the @entity1 global impression of change, medication regulation, and reported adverse events. RESULTS: The real rTMS group demonstrated greater reduction of visual analogue scale (VAS) than the sham group at each time point except for T0 (P   =   0.399) and T1 (P   =   0.091). Mean VAS reduction in the real rTMS group was 16.89% for duration of disease longer than 6 months. These analgesic effects were associated with long-term improvement in rating-scale items related to QOL. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that rTMS is an effective and safe therapy in @entity1 with @entity14000 .

title: High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Reduces XXXX in @entity14000 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity2531 :: ('MESH:D013001', 'Disease') :: ['pain disorders']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['McGill pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity14000 :: ('MESH:D051474', 'Disease') :: ['PHN', 'Postherpetic neuralgia']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: @entity652 ( @entity652 ), also referred to as @entity1127 , has been proposed as a precursor lesion to microsatellite unstable @entity189 . However, the mechanism of stepwise progression from @entity652 to early @entity189 has been unclear. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the histologic characteristics and possible role of @entity876 , @entity3546 , @entity817 , @entity984 , and @entity10160 in the development and progression of @entity652 . We analyzed 12 cases of @entity652 with @entity5 progression (SSAN), including 7 cases of intraepithelial @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) and 5 cases of @entity189 , and compared them with 53 SSAs and 66 @entity1127 ( @entity1127 ) by immunohistochemistry and gene mutation analysis. Histologically, 75% (9 of 12) of SSANs showed tubular or tubulovillous growth patterns rather than serrated ones in the @entity189 component. All 5 SSANs with @entity189 lost their serrated structure and developed increased extracellular mucin in their @entity189 component, a consistent feature of @entity3079 . Nuclear accumulations of @entity3546 and @entity876 were observed in 50% (6 of 12) and 41.7% (5 of 12) of SSANs, respectively, and were exclusively present in @entity1893 / @entity189 areas. By contrast, neither nuclear @entity3546 nor @entity876 expressions were seen in @entity1127 or SSAs (P<0.0001). @entity817 mutations ( @entity8554 ) were observed in 45.8% (11 of 24) of @entity1127 , 60.9% (14 of 23) of SSAs, and 63.6% (7 of 11) of SSANs, and were equally found in both @entity652 and @entity189 / @entity1893 areas of the individual SSANs. @entity984 exon 1 mutations were uncommon in all 3 groups (4.2%, 4.4%, and 0%, respectively). No mutations of @entity10160 exon 9 or exon 20 were found in any cases that were examined. These findings suggest that @entity817 mutations may be associated with the pathogenesis of @entity652 , but progression to @entity1893 or early @entity189 may be associated with other factors, such as alterations of @entity876 and @entity3546 . In addition, our histologic observations suggest a possible close association between SSAN and @entity3079 .

title: XXXX with early @entity5 progression: a clinicopathologic and molecular study.

entities_list: @entity3079 :: ('MESH:D002288', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['sessile serrated polyp', 'HPs', 'hyperplastic polyps']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['submucosal invasive carcinoma', 'HGD/intramucosal carcinoma', 'submucosal carcinoma', 'carcinoma', 'invasive carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['HGD', 'high-grade dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['SSA', 'Sessile serrated adenoma']

answer: @entity652 :: (MESH:D000236,Disease) :: ['Sessile serrated adenoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine whether erectile functioning after termination of @entity7855 intake in @entity1 with psychogenic @entity323 ( @entity323 ) can be predicted with psychological measures. METHOD: The subjects in a nonrandomized controlled trial were 65 heterosexual @entity1 with acquired psychogenic @entity323 , aged 54.2 +/- 11 years. @entity7855 medication was taken as required before sexual activity, up to two times per week. Response to a global end point question ("Did the treatment you took during the study improve your physical response during sexual activity in the last 4 weeks?") was recorded after 6 weeks of @entity7855 use and, subsequently, 6 weeks without medication. Other measures of sexual functioning and cognitive predictor measures were also administered. RESULTS: Of the 65 @entity1 who commenced @entity7855 treatment, 37% withdrew from the study before follow-up assessment. At posttreatment, 89% of @entity1 reported that treatment had improved or cured their erectile functioning. At follow-up, 66% of @entity1 had maintained posttreatment gains. Response at follow-up could be predicted (p <.001) with 96% sensitivity and 50% specificity by entering changes in sexual self-confidence and the @entity1 's rating of his partner's wish to continue treatment in a logistic regression model. Higher odds for recovery of erectile functioning were found in @entity1 reporting increased sexual self-confidence and the estimation that their partner wanted them to continue @entity7855 use. High pretreatment sexual desire was found to further increase the odds for positive responding at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The present results indicate that continued improvement of erectile functioning is possible after discontinuation of @entity7855 use in @entity1 with psychogenic @entity323 . Maintenance of gains can be predicted from cognitive changes before medication is withdrawn.

title: Cognitive changes predict continued recovery of erectile functioning versus relapse after discontinuation of @entity7855 treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['sildenafil', 'Sildenafil']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'participants', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction', 'ED']

answer: @entity323 :: (MESH:D007172,Disease) :: ['male erectile dysfunction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Whether a coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) scan provides added value to coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) in emergency department @entity1 with acute @entity662 remains unsettled. We sought to determine the value of CAC scan in @entity1 with acute @entity662 undergoing CCTA. METHODS AND RESULTS: In the multicenter Rule Out Myocardial Infarction using Computer-Assisted Tomography (ROMICAT) II trial, we enrolled low-intermediate risk emergency department @entity1 with symptoms suggesting @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ). In this prespecified subanalysis of 473 @entity1 (54  8 years, 53% @entity1 ) who underwent both CAC scanning and CCTA, the @entity1187 rate was 8%. Overall, 53% of @entity1 had CAC=0 of whom 2 (0.8%) developed @entity1187 , whereas 7% had CAC>400 with 49% whom developed @entity1187 . C-statistic of CAC>0 was 0.76, whereas that using the optimal cut point of CAC>= 22 was 0.81. Continuous CAC score had lower discriminatory capacity than CCTA (c-statistic, 0.86 versus 0.92; P=0.03). Compared with CCTA alone, there was no benefit combining CAC score with CCTA (c-statistic, 0.93; P=0.88) or with selective CCTA strategies after initial CAC>0 or optimal cut point CAC>= 22 (P>= 0.09). Mean radiation dose from CAC acquisition was 1.4  0.7 @entity2073 . Higher CAC scores resulted in more nondiagnostic CCTA studies although the majority remained interpretable. CONCLUSIONS: In emergency department @entity1 with acute @entity662 , CAC score does not provide incremental value beyond CCTA for @entity1187 diagnosis. CAC=0 does not exclude @entity1187 , nor a high CAC score preclude interpretation of CCTA in most @entity1 . Thus, CAC results should not influence the decision to proceed with CCTA, and the decision to perform a CAC scan should be balanced with the additional radiation exposure required. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01084239.

title: Use of Coronary Artery XXXX Scanning Beyond Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography in the Emergency Department Evaluation for Acute @entity662 : The ROMICAT II Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']


abstract: PURPOSE: Acute exacerbation (AE) is an important outcome of @entity2416 ( @entity2416 ) and @entity401 ( @entity401 ). Recombinant @entity1 soluble @entity9820 (rhTM) is a new drug for the treatment of disseminated @entity5642 in Japan. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of rhTM for AE of @entity2416 / @entity401 . METHODS: Twenty-two @entity1 with @entity16058 (16 @entity1 with @entity2416 and six @entity1 with @entity401 ) were enrolled in our study. Among them, eleven @entity1 were treated with rhTM (rhTM group), and eleven @entity1 were treated without rhTM (non-rhTM group). @entity1 admitted to our hospital prior to December 2013 were treated with rhTM, while those admitted after January 2014 were treated without rhTM. The primary endpoint was mortality at 90 days after AE treatment. The secondary endpoint was the safety of rhTM for AE- @entity2416 /AE- @entity401 . In addition, we examined prognostic factors of AE- @entity2416 /AE- @entity401 . RESULTS: The mortality rate was significantly lower in the rhTM group than in the non-rhTM group (mortality rate at 90 days: 36% vs 90%, P=0.023; median survival time: not reached vs 15.0 days, P=0.019). A univariate analysis revealed the respiratory rate (hazard ratio [HR] 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.18, P=0.039) and rhTM administration (HR 0.21, 95% CI 0.06-0.77, P=0.013) as predictors of mortality at 90 days, and a multivariate analysis identified rhTM administration (HR 0.025, 95% CI 0.0006-0.94, P=0.046) as an independent predictor of mortality at 90 days. No serious adverse events were observed. CONCLUSION: The administration of rhTM is associated with reductions in mortality in @entity1 with AE- @entity2416 / @entity401 , without causing adverse events.

title: Efficacy of @entity9820 for acute exacerbation of @entity2416 and XXXX : a nonrandomized prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity16058 :: ('MESH:D054988', 'Disease') :: ['AE-idiopathic interstitial pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['IPF', 'idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity9820 :: ('7056', 'Gene') :: ['thrombomodulin']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['nonspecific interstitial pneumonia', 'NSIP']

answer: @entity401 :: (MESH:D017563,Disease) :: ['nonspecific interstitial pneumonia']


abstract: AIMS: Rest echocardiography plays a role in @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ) diagnosis and risk stratification because left @entity1283 , severe left ventricle (LV) @entity1184 , and rest @entity3585 ( @entity3585 ) gradients >= 50 mmHg are @entity1164 risk factors that have been highlighted in recent guidelines. Conversely, the lack of evidence makes that exercise-echocardiography findings play a limited role. In clinical practice, @entity3585 gradient, but also @entity339 ( @entity339 ) or pulmonary pressure, seems relevant parameters to look for, during the exercise. Therefore, we sought to determine whether exercise-induced changes in myocardial and valvular functions could improve @entity1121 risk stratification. METHODS AND RESULTS: Consecutive primitive @entity1121 @entity1 with a preserved LV ejection fraction underwent standardized exercise echocardiography (including the assessment of myocardial function, dynamic left intraventricular gradient, and @entity340 ) at baseline and were clinically followed for a median of 29.3 months. The primary endpoint was a composite criterion that included death from any cause, @entity1167 , and hospitalization for a cardiovascular event. A total of 126 @entity1 were included. Eighteen @entity1 reached the primary endpoint. According to univariate Cox regression analysis, exercise @entity3585 gradient >= 50 mmHg [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.31, P = 0.01] and significant (>= 2/4) exercise @entity339 (HR = 3.64, P < 0.01) were associated with the primary endpoint. @entity1 with significant @entity339 had significantly higher rest and exercise @entity3585 gradients (P = 0.001 and P = 0.001) and larger left atria volumes (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Significant exercise-induced @entity339 appears to significantly impact the prognoses of @entity1121 @entity1 , and it is also associated with higher @entity3585 rest and exercise gradients.

title: Impact of exercise-induced @entity339 on XXXX outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['MR', 'mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity3585 :: ('MESH:D014694', 'Disease') :: ['LVOT', 'LV outflow tract']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['atrial enlargement']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiorespiratory arrest']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular regurgitations']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['HCM', 'hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity1121 :: (MESH:D002312,Disease) :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']


abstract: The incidence of @entity174 is greater in @entity1 with hemodialysis than in the general population. Surgically created @entity2548 are widely used in end-stage @entity177 @entity1 for the vascular access of hemodialysis. Despite occurrence of @entity174 at the @entity292 site in the forearm, bone mineral density is similar in both arms. The effects of @entity2548 on @entity174 healing have not been widely studied. The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that a @entity174 distal to a surgically-created @entity2548 has negative effects in a @entity35 osteotomy model. The tibial bones were @entity174 in a monocortical fashion bilaterally. No fixation method was used. The right side was used as control. On the left side of the @entity35 , a side-to-side arteriovenous @entity254 was done between the common femoral vessels proximal to the @entity174 line under magnification with the operating microscope. Three weeks later, bone segments, including the monocortical osteotomy line, were removed and examined histopathologically. Although the gross appearance of callus formation was not different in both groups, histopathologically, there were more dead medullary bone and less cartilage cells around the osteotomy line in the bone associated with the @entity2548 . But with short-term evaluation of the @entity174 sites after opening an arteriovenous connection proximal to the @entity174 site, no real difference was noted related to @entity174 healing.

title: @entity2548 and bone healing: experimental study in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fractured', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous fistulas', 'arteriovenous fistula']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of intracorporeal reinforcing sutures for preventing @entity834 ( @entity834 ) after laparoscopic surgery for @entity5 . METHODS: This was a retrospective single-institution study consisting of 201 consecutive @entity1 who underwent laparoscopic proctectomy with double-stapling anastomosis for primary @entity5 between August 2007 and December 2013. The data for @entity1 who received intracorporeal reinforcing sutures were compared with those of @entity1 who did not receive reinforcing sutures. @entity1 -, @entity5 - and surgery-related variables were collected and examined using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: The overall incidence of @entity834 was 9.0  % (18/201). No significant correlations were observed between the various clinicopathological factors and the use of reinforcing sutures. The multivariate analyses revealed the distance of the @entity5 from the anal verge, @entity5 size and presence of reinforcing sutures to be independent risk factors for @entity834 . We classified the @entity1 into two risk groups using a combination of the @entity5 site and @entity5 size: a low-risk group ( @entity1 without any risk factors, n  =  134) and a high-risk group ( @entity1 with one or two risk factors, n  =  67). The frequency of @entity834 was significantly lower (p  <  0.02) in the @entity1 treated with reinforcing sutures than in those treated without reinforcing sutures in the high-risk group. However, no significant differences were observed in the low-risk group. CONCLUSIONS: The use of intracorporeal reinforcing sutures may reduce the incidence of @entity834 . A prospective randomized trial is required to evaluate the effects of reinforcing sutures in preventing @entity834 .

title: Efficacy of intracorporeal reinforcing sutures for XXXX after laparoscopic surgery for @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['AL', 'anastomotic leakage']

answer: @entity834 :: (MESH:D057868,Disease) :: ['anastomotic leakage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We evaluate the long-term survival of @entity1 with @entity298 ( @entity298 ) treated with systemic chemotherapy regimens, and the impact of the of the retrospective peritoneal disease severity score (PSDSS) on outcomes. METHODS: One hundred sixty-seven consecutive @entity1 treated with @entity298 from @entity14 between years 1987-2006 were identified from a prospective institutional database. These @entity1 either received no chemotherapy, @entity1487 / @entity4181 or @entity901 / @entity2600 -based chemotherapy. Stratification was made according to the retrospective PSDSS that classifies @entity298 @entity1 based on clinically relevant factors. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and comparison with the log-rank test. RESULTS: Median survival was 5 months (95% CI, 3-7 months) for @entity1 who had no chemotherapy, 11 months (95% CI, 6-9 months) for @entity1 treated with 5 FU/LV, and 12 months (95% CI, 4-20 months) for @entity1 treated with @entity901 / @entity2600 -based chemotherapy. Survival differed between @entity1 treated with chemotherapy compared to those @entity1 who did not receive chemotherapy (p = 0.026). PSDSS staging was identified as an independent predictor for survival on multivariate analysis [RR 2.8 (95%CI 1.5-5.4); p < 0.001]. CONCLUSION: A trend towards improved outcomes is demonstrated from treatment of @entity1 with @entity298 from @entity14 using modern systemic chemotherapy. The PSDSS appears to be a useful tool in @entity1 selection and prognostication in @entity298 of colorectal origin.

title: Evaluation of best supportive care and systemic chemotherapy as treatment stratified according to the retrospective peritoneal surface disease severity score (PSDSS) for XXXX of colorectal origin.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['Leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['Irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal carcinomatosis', 'PC']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['peritoneal carcinomatosis']


abstract: @entity358 (PA) stenting can be challenging, especially in @entity1 with @entity850 of the right ventricular (RV) outflow tract or tortuous PA branches. In these cases, a hybrid procedure deploying PA stent(s) during cardiac surgery provides an alternative to relieve @entity849 . The Mayo Clinic Congenital Cardiac surgical database was used to identify all @entity1 having hybrid PA stent procedures. Retrospective analysis of clinical data, procedural details, and outcomes was performed. Between January 1997 and November 2006, 24 @entity1 (15 females), median age 15 years (range 3 to 67 years), had hybrid PA stent procedures. A total of 27 stents were deployed. A left PA stent was placed in 13, right PA stent in 8; 3 @entity1 had bilateral PA stents. Primary cardiac diagnoses were @entity1146 (9), @entity215 (7), @entity1145 (2), and others (6). Maximum balloon diameters ranged from 8 to 16 mm (median = 12 mm). Concomitant surgical procedures performed were RV to PA conduit replacement or RV outflow tract reconstruction (14), @entity338 (7), and others (3). Two procedures were performed following complications of percutaneous procedure. There were no deaths or PA damage. There were 2 cases of distal stent migration. Repeat stent dilations within 6 months were performed in 3 @entity1 . In conclusion, hybrid PA stenting can play an important role in the management of @entity299 with complex branch PA anatomy. It also can be used as an emergency rescue procedure following complications of percutaneous transcatheter procedures, such as @entity887 . Hybrid procedures were safe and effective in most @entity1 , although stent positioning remains critical. Intraoperative fluoroscopy and active suture fixation of the proximal stent may reduce the need for late reintervention.

title: Hybrid intraoperative pulmonary artery stent placement for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1145 :: ('MESH:D018785', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid atresia']

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary valve replacement']

entities_list: @entity849 :: ('MESH:D011666', 'Disease') :: ['branch PA stenosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Percutaneous branch pulmonary artery']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['stent embolization']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1146 :: ('MESH:D018633', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary atresia']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['congenital heart disease']


abstract: This is a retrospective analysis of 148 @entity1 with histologically proven @entity5 , treated with irradiation. All @entity1 received external irradiation with @entity1953 60 followed by intracavitary radium application. The median age was 55 years. @entity957 was found in 96.5% of the cases. The 8-year actuarial survival rate was 41%. Bilateral parametrial invasion proved to be a strong prognostic factor. @entity1 with @entity66 had a survival rate of 43% whereas in those with bilateral involvement it was only 15% (P less than 0.005). The total pelvic failure rate was 29.5%. The overall incidence of distant @entity3 was 11%. The complication rate (minor and major complications) was high, with @entity850 (22.5%), @entity4272 (21.5%), @entity2335 (13.5%), and fistulae (4%) occurring in 33, 32, 20, and 6 @entity1 , respectively. New treatment modalities are urgently needed for advanced @entity189 . Bilateral parametrial involvement is an unfavorable prognostic factor and this should be kept in mind when designing new protocols.

title: The treatment of XXXX of the uterine cervix with telecobalt irradiation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the cervix, stage III']

entities_list: @entity4272 :: ('MESH:D011349', 'Disease') :: ['proctitis']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['Squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the cervix']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal stenosis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage III carcinoma']


abstract: The anticancer effects of @entity7305 , tegafur and their combination were experimentally compared in @entity35 on the @entity8708 ( @entity18399 )-induced @entity694 . DMH at 20 mg/kg of body weight was injected subcutaneously to Donryu @entity35 once a week for 24 weeks long. Nineteen weeks after the start of DMH administration, early @entity694 were induced and, 28 weeks after, they developed into advanced @entity5 with distant metastases. From 19 weeks after the start of DMH injection, subcutaneous administration of @entity7305 at the dose of 2 mg/kg, oral administration of tegafur at 90 mg/kg and their combination were given to the @entity35 daily for nine weeks. The animals were sacrificed 28 weeks after the start of DMH administration. Tegafur was effective, but @entity7305 with or without tegafur was not effective against @entity5 . From 28 weeks after the start of DMH injection, @entity7305 , tegafur and their combination were administered to the @entity35 daily for four weeks. All of the @entity35 were necropsied when they died. The survival rate and mean survival days were significantly higher and longer in the @entity7305 groups than in the control @entity35 (p less than 0.05). The incidence of distant metastases was also significantly lower in the @entity7305 groups than in the control group.

title: Longer survival and fewer metastases by @entity7305 and tegafur in XXXX -induced murine @entity694 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'early cancer']

entities_list: @entity7305 :: ('MESH:D007978', 'Chemical') :: ['levamisole']

entities_list: @entity8708 :: ('MESH:D019813', 'Chemical') :: ['1, 2-dimethylhydrazine']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic cancers']

answer: @entity8708 :: (MESH:D019813,Chemical) :: ['1, 2-dimethylhydrazine']


abstract: Despite matching for serologically defined @entity2149 , DR antigens, @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) is a major complication contributing to increased morbidity and mortality in @entity1 who undergo marrow transplantation from unrelated donors. The extent to which unrecognized mismatching for alleles that encode @entity5958 -DR18 contribute to the increased risk of acute @entity2132 and overall survival is unknown. We analyzed 364 @entity1 and their @entity2149 , DR serologically matched donors to determine whether molecular typing of @entity1533 alleles can allow more accurate donor/recipient matching and thereby improve clinical outcome after marrow transplantation. @entity1533 alleles were typed by sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe hybridization methods. Selected alleles were confirmed by DNA sequencing. Of the 364 pairs, 305 were matched and 59 were mismatched for @entity1533 . The probability of moderate to severe acute @entity2132 was .48 for the matched and .70 for the mismatched @entity1 . Compared with mismatched @entity1 , the estimated relative risk (RR) of @entity2132 for matched @entity1 was .58 (95% confidence interval [CI], .40 to .85). @entity1533 matching decreased the risk of transplant-related mortality (RR, .66; 95% CI, .44 to .97) and was associated with decreased overall mortality (RR, .71; 95% CI, .51 to 1.0). Therefore, matching @entity1533 alleles of the donor and recipient decreases the risk of acute @entity2132 and improves survival after unrelated marrow transplantation. These results indicate that prospective matching of @entity1 and donors for @entity1533 alleles is warranted.

title: The significance of @entity1533 matching on clinical outcome after XXXX , DR identical unrelated donor marrow transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'acute graft-versus-host disease']

answer: @entity2149 :: (3105;3106,Gene) :: ['HLA-A, B']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in pathogenesis of @entity731 and @entity455 . We hypothesized that @entity1476 might be a susceptibility gene for @entity65 ( @entity65 ) in @entity6 . The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between C(-1306)T functional polymorphism in the @entity1476 gene and risk of @entity65 in type 2 @entity6 @entity1 . METHODS: We examined 1090 @entity1 with T2DM and 612 controls. All subjects were genotyped for the C(-1306)T polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction analysis. RESULTS: A significant @entity393 allele frequency was observed in @entity1 with @entity65 versus those with no @entity65 (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.36-0.52, p<0.0001). In contrast, OR for CC genotype was 2.19 (1.79-2.68, p<0.0001), conferring 2-fold greater odds for @entity65 . When the distribution of C(-1306)T was compared in subgroups with different clinical phenotypes of @entity65 , @entity1 with @entity64 had the lowest frequency of T allele (6% vs. 11%), compared to entire @entity65 + group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: T2DM @entity1 carrying the T allele of @entity1476 C(-1306)T polymorphism have a significantly reduced risk of @entity65 . The C(-1306)T polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to @entity64 in T2DM @entity1 .

title: @entity1476 ( XXXX ) gene polymorphism and cardiovascular comorbidity in type 2 @entity6 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['decrease of T']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1476 :: (4313,Gene) :: ['MMP-2']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Individuals with @entity161 consistently @entity73 in social cognition (SC). SC has become a potential treatment target due to its association with functional outcomes. An alternative method of assessment is to administer an observer-based scale incorporating an informant's "first hand" impressions in ratings. METHODS: The present study used the Observable Social Cognition: A Rating Scale ( @entity9215 ) in 62 outpatients and 50 non-psychiatric controls (NPCs) to assess performance in domains of SC (e.g. emotion perception, theory of mind). RESULTS: The @entity9215 demonstrated sufficient internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Construct validity was assessed through an exploratory factor analysis. @entity1 @entity9215 indices were not significantly correlated with measures of SC with the exception of aggressive attributional style. Individuals with @entity73 in SC reacted more aggressively to ambiguous situations. NPC @entity9215 were significantly correlated with measures of theory of mind and attributional style. In a combined sample of @entity1 and controls, six of eight items were significantly correlated with the SC task assessing the same domain, providing modest evidence of convergent validity. In @entity1 , the @entity9215 was significantly correlated with measures of functional outcome and neurocognition. Last, the @entity9215 was found to be significantly associated with functional outcome after the influence of objective measures of SC was statistically removed. CONCLUSIONS: The present study provides preliminary evidence that the @entity9215 may be useful for clinicians in collecting data about @entity1 ' potential real-world @entity73 , in turn increasing the degree to which these impairments may be targeted in treatment.

title: Observable Social Cognition--A Rating Scale: an interview-based assessment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['SC deficits', 'less impairment', 'show impairments']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim was to examine the neural correlates of @entity148 elicited by the anticipation of public speaking in individuals with @entity913 . Positron emission tomography and @entity8493 -water was used to measure regional cerebral blood flow in subjects with DSM-IV @entity913 during @entity148 anticipation. Heart rate and subjective @entity148 were also recorded. While being scanned, subjects were speaking alone either before or after speaking in public. To evaluate anticipatory @entity148 we compared individuals speaking alone before they were speaking in front of an audience with those who did the reverse. RESULTS: Heart rate and subjective @entity148 measures confirmed anticipatory @entity148 in social phobics who performed their private speech before their public. This was accompanied by enhanced cerebral blood flow in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, @entity550 , and in the left amygdaloid-hippocampal region. Brain blood flow was lower in the left temporal pole and bilaterally in the cerebellum in the anticipation group. CONCLUSIONS: Brain regions with altered perfusion presumably reflect changes in neural activity associated with worry about anticipated public performance. We speculate that anticipatory @entity148 in social phobics originates in an affect sensitive fear network encompassing the amygdaloid-hippocampal region, prefrontal, and temporal areas.

title: Cerebral blood flow during anticipation of public speaking in XXXX : a PET study.

entities_list: @entity913 :: ('MESH:D010698', 'Disease') :: ['social phobia', 'defined social phobia']

entities_list: @entity550 :: ('MESH:D000303', 'Disease') :: ['left inferior temporal cortex']

answer: @entity913 :: (MESH:D010698,Disease) :: ['social phobia']


abstract: Chromosome analyses were carried out on bone marrow cells from 43 consecutive @entity1 with primary @entity2590 ( @entity2590 ), classified according to the French-American-British (FAB) cooperative group criteria. The objective was to evaluate the prognostic value of @entity2008 and of an @entity7139 for early death from @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) and/or @entity2131 ( @entity2131 ). @entity1 were subdivided into two main groups: (1) @entity7139 ( @entity7139 ), grouping @entity1 with @entity417 ( @entity417 ) and @entity417 with @entity27487 (RARS), and (2) @entity7139 ( @entity7139 ), grouping @entity1 with @entity7139 ( @entity7139 ) and @entity7139 in transformation (RAEBt). There were 29 @entity1 with @entity7139 and 14 with @entity7139 . The median time of observation was 26 months for @entity7139 and 12 months for @entity7139 . Ten @entity7139 @entity1 (34%) and 11 @entity7139 @entity1 (78%) had @entity2008 . Among the ten @entity7139 @entity1 with @entity2214 , one (10%) died from @entity3052 , while of 19 @entity7139 @entity1 with a normal karyotype, two (10%) died from @entity3052 or @entity2131 . The median survival for @entity1 with @entity7139 and an abnormal karyotype was not reached. In contrast, eight of the 11 @entity7139 @entity1 with @entity2008 (74%) died from @entity3052 or @entity2131 . The median survival in this sub-group was 7 months. By using a Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, it was determined that a karyotype abnormality was not a significant predictory of survival once the contribution of the @entity7139 / @entity7139 variable was taken into account. Being in the @entity7139 group was associated with a relative risk of 10.6 of dying from @entity3052 or @entity2131 ( @entity2263 .36, @entity2246 ( @entity2246 ) = 0.68, P = .0001). We conclude that classifying @entity1 according to an @entity7139 will lead to a better prediction of survival than determining karyotype abnormality.

title: Prognostic value of @entity2008 in @entity1 with primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2214 :: ('MESH:D007945', 'Disease') :: ['clonal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity27487 :: ('MESH:D000756', 'Disease') :: ['ringed sideroblasts']

entities_list: @entity7139 :: ('MESH:D000754', 'Disease') :: ['refractory anemia with an excess of blasts', 'RAEB', 'excess of blasts', 'refractory anemia without an excess of blasts', 'RAWEB']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['refractory anemia', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndromes', 'MDS']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute nonlymphocytic leukemia', 'ANLL']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['clonal chromosomal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2131 :: ('MESH:C536572', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow failure', 'BMF']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['standard error', 'SE']

answer: @entity2590 :: (MESH:D009190,Disease) :: ['myelodysplastic syndromes']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of smoking on resting energy expenditure (REE) and the relationships among REE, smoking, @entity32 and oxidative stress in @entity1 with @entity2316 . METHODS: A case control study of 31 smokers and 40 non-smokers with early stage of @entity2316 (stage III) were performed to evaluate the chronic effect of smoking on REE. @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ), biomarkers of oxidative stress @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ), @entity224 dismutase (SOD) and @entity32 high-sensitivity @entity1851 (hs-CRP), @entity1254 , @entity310 were also measured in these subjects. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS: Compared with non-smokers, REE/ @entity1386 in smokers group was significantly increased by 15.96% (P = 0.001). Pearson analysis showed that smoking was significantly correlated with REE/ @entity1386 (t = 0.395, P = 0.001). There were significantly different between smokers and non-smokers in @entity1865 , SOD and hs-CRP (P < 0.05). But no difference between two groups in @entity1254 and @entity310 (P > 0.05). No significant relationships between REE/ @entity1386 and @entity1865 , SOD, hs-CRP, @entity1254 , @entity310 was found (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Chronic smoking can lead to increased REE, arouse oxidative stress and inflammatory in @entity1 with early stage of @entity2316 . However, there is no relationship between increased REE due to smoking and oxidative stress and inflammatory.

title: [The effect of smoking on resting energy expenditure in XXXX with early @entity2316 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['FFM', 'REE/fat free mass']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity1031 complications are often a common pathological consequence of severe soft tissue @entity130 . Recent demonstration that monocytes (M0) produce tissue factor (TF) has led to the suggestion that these TF producing M0 might play a role in @entity1003 . We have previously demonstrated that @entity130 @entity1 with splenectomy develop aberrant monocyte function and this @entity1 group is also known to be at high risk of @entity49 episodes. This paper is an initial report on the use of M0 TF as an indicator of and/or correlated to clotting episodes. Monocytes isolated form the Ficoll-Hypaque purified mononuclear cells of 46 normal individuals, 17 @entity130 @entity1 and 6 surgical controls were assayed at 3 day post-injury intervals for their levels of TF activity. Changes in monocyte TF activity were correlated to increases in the fractional catabolic rate (FCR) of 125 I-fibrinogen. @entity130 @entity1 were retrospectively divided into those whose FcR was elevated to a level indicative of @entity1003 and those whose FCR levels were not associated with @entity854 . All @entity130 @entity1 who exhibited significantly increased FCR experienced @entity1031 episodes and had monocytes whose TF activity was increased an average of 300% (mean = 47 units vs mean = 12 units) over surgical controls. These increase in monocyte TF activity occurred at 6-13 days post injury and preceded clinical manifestation of @entity1003 by 4-6 days. The increased monocyte TF activity demonstrated in this study was significantly correlated to detection of pathologically increased FCR (R = 0.850) and compared to other indices of @entity49 .

title: Generation of tissue factor by @entity1 monocytes: correlation to XXXX complications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['hypercoagulability']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['coagulation abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['Thromboembolic', 'thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity1031 :: (MESH:D013923,Disease) :: ['thromboembolic']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The severity of @entity120 associated with @entity712 carries a poor prognosis. The lungs are very sensitive to the constrictive and proliferative effects of @entity1808 and could represent a preferential target for this peptide. METHODS: @entity35 with large @entity583 or sham surgery received the @entity1808 receptor antagonist @entity7056 (40 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 2 or 8 weeks (n=5 to 8 for each group). Hemodynamic and morphometric measurements were obtained followed by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence analysis and electron microscopic characterization of lung sections. RESULTS: The @entity1188 groups developed @entity120 and @entity8158 with elevated left ventricular filling pressures (all P<0.01). Despite similar @entity1188 size, filling pressures were lower (P<0.01) while @entity120 and @entity8158 were completely normalized by @entity7056 . Isolated lungs pressure-flow relationships were identical at 2 weeks. At 8 weeks it was steepest and shifted upward in the @entity1188 group (P<0.001), and completely normalized by @entity7056 . Lung weight doubled after @entity1188 with no evidence of @entity3126 and was also normalized by @entity7056 . Important lungs structural remodeling evidenced by collagen and reticulin deposition, thickening of the alveolar septa and proliferation of cells with ultrastructural characteristics of myofibroblasts (pericytes) were identified after @entity1188 . CONCLUSIONS: After large @entity583 there is important pulmonary structural remodeling in which myofibroblasts (pericytes) proliferation may play an important role. This initially protective mechanism against high filling pressures could eventually contribute to the development of @entity120 and @entity8158 . Future studies are needed to determine if @entity1808 directly modulates pulmonary remodeling after @entity583 .

title: Lung structural remodeling and @entity120 after @entity583 : complete reversal with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension', 'progressive pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity7056 :: ('MESH:C081309', 'Chemical') :: ['irbesartan']

entities_list: @entity8158 :: ('MESH:D017380', 'Disease') :: ['right ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarcts', 'myocardial infarct']

answer: @entity7056 :: (MESH:C081309,Chemical) :: ['irbesartan']


abstract: The aim of any surgical approach to @entity356 should be a complete resection with no @entity41 left behind, that is, a R0-resection according to UICC. Complete @entity5 resection in this respect refers to the @entity5 as well as to the lymphatic drainage and requires an adequate safety margin. The indications for surgical therapy of @entity356 and the choice of procedure should consequently be guided by the @entity5 stage. This requires accurate preoperative staging, which can today be achieved with endoscopic ultrasonography and surgical laparoscopy. @entity356 stage @entity5108 ( @entity189 ) can be cured by local excision. In @entity1 with @entity5 Stages IB ( @entity189 ), II, and IIIA, lymph node @entity3 are common. Based on the available data, this group of @entity1 benefits from radical resection and D2 lymph node dissection. The overall 5-year survival rate of 50% for the large number of @entity1 undergoing gastric resection for @entity5 seems to demonstrate convincingly the value of extended lymphadenectomy. In @entity1 with advanced @entity356 , that is, @entity5 stages IIIB and IV, a complete @entity5 removal usually can not be achieved by surgical dissection. Neoadjuvant therapeutic modalities should consequently be assessed in these @entity1 . Based on @entity5 location and growth pattern, a total gastrectomy is the procedure of choice in @entity1 with @entity356 . A subtotal gastrectomy may be performed in @entity1 with @entity5 of the distal third and "Laurens intestinal type" growth pattern. The distal site of the main lesion must be investigated carefully to ensure that incidental concomitant lesions are not overlooked. Depending on the individual @entity5 situation, the gastrectomy can be extended toward varying portions of the distal esophagus or the pancreas, preserving splenectomy and resection of the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. The high incidence of locoregional recurrences and distant @entity3 after curative surgery for @entity356 calls for improved locoregional control and systemic adjuvant treatment.

title: [Stage-adapted radical principles in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['mucosa carcinoma', 'submucosa carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric carcinoma', 'middle and proximal third gastric cancer', 'Gastric carcinoma']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare dynamic and static tibial translation, in @entity1 with anterior cruciate @entity942 , at 2- to 5-year follow-up, with the tibial translation after 4  months of rehabilitation initiated early after the injury. Secondarily, to compare tibial translation in the injured knee and non-injured knee and explore correlations between dynamic and static tibial translation. METHODS: Twelve @entity1 with ACL @entity397 were assessed at 3-8  weeks after @entity130 , after 4  months of structured rehabilitation, and 2-5  years after @entity130 . Sagittal tibial translation was measured during the Lachman test (static translation) and during gait (dynamic translation) using a CA-4000 electrogoniometer. RESULTS: Static tibial translation was increased bilateral 2-5  years after @entity130 , whereas the dynamic tibial translation was unchanged. Tibial translation was greater in the injured knee compared with the non-injured knee (Lachman test 134  N 9.1      1.0 vs. 7.0      1.7  mm, P  =  0.001, gait 5.6      2.1 vs. 4.7      1.8  mm, P  =  0.011). There were no correlations between dynamic and static tibial translation. CONCLUSION: Dynamic tibial translation was unchanged in spite of increased static tibial translation in the ACL-deficient knee at 2- to 5-year follow-up compared to directly after rehabilitation. Dynamic tibial translation did not correlate with the static tibial translation. A more normal gait kinematics may be maintained from completion of a rehabilitation programme to mid-term follow-up in @entity1 with @entity942 treated with rehabilitation only. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

title: Dynamic and static tibial translation in XXXX with anterior cruciate @entity942 initially treated with a structured rehabilitation protocol.

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['ligament deficiency', 'ACL deficiency']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['ACL injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity11648 ( @entity11648 ) was demonstrated to be  involved in the occurrence and development of @entity65 ( @entity65 ). The goal of the present study was to investigate the relationship between serum @entity11648 levels and carotid intima-media thickness ( @entity6481 ) in @entity1 with a low-to-moderate @entity65 risk. METHODS AND RESULTS: Subjects with normal kidney function were selected from the Shanghai Obesity Study. Serum @entity11648 levels were determined by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. @entity6481 was measured by ultrasonography. The Framingham risk score (FRS) was used to assess @entity65 risk. A total of 392 @entity1 with low @entity65 risk and 372 @entity1 with moderate @entity65 risk were enrolled. The recognition rate of an elevated @entity6481 was 85.66% with the combination of a moderate @entity65 risk and high serum @entity11648 levels, which was greater than that with either parameter alone (65.44% and 61.03%, respectively). Subjects with high serum @entity11648 levels, and either low or moderate @entity65 risk, were more likely to have elevated @entity6481 than those with low serum @entity11648 levels and low @entity65 risk (P  =  0.014 and 0.001, respectively). The serum @entity11648 levels were independently and positively associated with @entity6481 in subjects with low or moderate @entity65 risk (both P  =  0.007). CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with low-to-moderate @entity65 risk, serum @entity11648 levels were associated independently and positively with @entity6481 . As a complementary index, serum @entity11648 levels strengthen the capacity of the FRS to identify subclinical @entity731 .

title: Contribution of @entity11648 to Framingham risk score for identifying subclinical @entity731 in Chinese XXXX .

entities_list: @entity11648 :: ('8074', 'Gene') :: ['Fibroblast growth factor 23', 'FGF23']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: Alveologenesis is the final step of lung maturation, which subdivides the alveolar region of the lung into smaller units called alveoli. Each of the nascent dividers serves as a new gas-exchange surface, and collectively they drastically increase the surface area for breathing. Disruption of alveologenesis results in simplification of alveoli, as is seen in premature @entity1 diagnosed with @entity2107 ( @entity2107 ), a prevalent @entity358 that is often associated with lifelong @entity1353 . To date, a majority of studies of alveologenesis rely on two-dimensional (2D) analysis of tissue sections. Given that an overarching theme of alveologenesis is thinning and extension of the epithelium and mesenchyme to facilitate gas exchange, often only a small portion of a cell or a cellular structure is represented in a single 2D plane. Here, we use a three-dimensional (3D) approach to examine the structural architecture and cellular composition of myofibroblasts, alveolar type 2 cells, @entity20616 and lipid droplets in normal as well as @entity2107 -like @entity19 lung. We found that 2D finger-like septal crests, commonly used to depict growing alveolar septae, are often artifacts of sectioning through fully established alveolar walls. Instead, a more accurate representation of growing septae are 3D ridges that are lined by platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha ( @entity20421 ) and @entity3113 ( @entity3113 )-expressing myofibroblasts, as well as the @entity20616 fibers that they produce. Accordingly in 3D, both @entity3113 and @entity20616 were each found in connected networks underlying the 3D septal ridges rather than as isolated dots at the tip of 2D septal crests. Analysis through representative stages of alveologenesis revealed unappreciated dynamic changes in these patterns. @entity20421 -expressing cells are only @entity3113 -positive during the first phase of alveologenesis, but not in the second phase, suggesting that the two phases of septae formation may be driven by distinct mechanisms. Thin @entity20616 fibers are already present in the alveolar region prior to alveologenesis, suggesting that during alveologenesis, there is not only new @entity20616 deposition, but also extensive remodeling to transform thin and uniformly distributed fibers into thick cables that rim the nascent septae. Analysis of several genetic as well as @entity871 -induced models of @entity2107 revealed that the myofibroblast organization is perturbed in all, regardless of whether the origin of defect is epithelial, mesenchymal, endothelial or environmental. Finally, analysis of relative position of @entity20421 -positive cells and alveolar type 2 cells reveal that during alveologenesis, these two cell types are not always adjacent to one another. This result suggests that the niche and progenitor relationship afforded by their close juxtaposition in the adult lung may be a later acquired property. These insights revealed by 3D reconstruction of the septae set the foundation for future investigations of the mechanisms driving normal alveologenesis, as well as causes of alveolar simplification in @entity2107 .

title: A three-dimensional study of alveologenesis in XXXX lung.

entities_list: @entity3113 :: ('11475(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['alpha smooth muscle actin', 'a-SMA']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathing deficiencies']

entities_list: @entity871 :: ('MESH:D018496', 'Disease') :: ['hyperoxia']

entities_list: @entity2107 :: ('MESH:D001997', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopulmonary dysplasia', 'BPD']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung disease']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity70803 pyrophosphorylase (GMPase) catalyzes the synthesis of @entity70803 , which is a precursor for @entity620 ( @entity7943 ) synthesis in plants. The @entity579 genome encodes three GMPase homologs OsVTC1-1, OsVTC1-3 and OsVTC1-8, but their roles in @entity7943 synthesis are unclear. The overexpression of OsVTC1-1 or OsVTC1-3 restored the @entity7943 synthesis of @entity27965 -1 in @entity958 , while that of OsVTC1-8 did not, indicating that only OsVTC1-1 and OsVTC1-3 are involved in @entity7943 synthesis in @entity579 . Similar to @entity958 @entity27965 , the expression of OsVTC1-1 was high in leaves, induced by light, and inhibited by dark. Unlike OsVTC1-1, the expression level of OsVTC1-3 was high in roots and quickly induced by the dark, while the transcription level of OsVTC1-8 did not show obvious changes under constant light or dark treatments. In OsVTC1-1 RNAi plants, the @entity7943 content of @entity579 leaves decreased, and the @entity7943 production induced by light was limited. In contrast, OsVTC1-3 RNAi lines altered @entity7943 synthesis levels in @entity579 roots, but not in the leaves or under the light/dark treatment. The enzyme activity showed that OsVTC1-1 and OsVTC1-3 had higher GMPase activities than OsVTC1-8 in vitro. Our data showed that, unlike in @entity958 , the @entity579 GPMase homologous proteins illustrated a new model in @entity7943 synthesis: OsVTC1-1 may be involved in the @entity7943 synthesis, which takes place in leaves, while OsVTC1-3 may be responsible for @entity7943 synthesis in roots. The different roles of @entity579 GMPase homologous proteins in @entity7943 synthesis may be due to their differences in transcript levels and enzyme activities.

title: XXXX GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase OsVTC1-1 and OsVTC1-3 play different roles in @entity620 synthesis.

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['ascorbic acid']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity70803 :: ('CHEBI:15820', 'Chemical') :: ['GDP-D-mannose']

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['Rice']