abstract: @entity4786 1 is an @entity74 with an estimated incidence 1:2500 to 1:3000 live newborns. The disease presents with multiple cutaneous and non cutaneous lesions. @entity1265 occurs with equal frequency in males and females and has been identified in all ethnic group. The morbidity and the mortality caused by @entity1265 are the result of complications that may involve any of the body systems. This disease has been linked with mutations of the @entity1265 gene which encodes @entity5 suppressor neurofibromin. At least half of @entity1 with @entity1265 will have only cutaneous involvement that is not considered to be a major medical problem, even though it can be a source of psychologic burden as a result of cosmetic disfigurement. The cardinal features of the disorder are caf  -au-lait spots, axillary freckling, cutaneous @entity3292 and Lisch nodules, but there are a lot of wide variety of complications affecting almost every system of the body, including the eyes ( @entity5150 ), the nervous system ( @entity5 ), the skeleton ( @entity851 , @entity1635 ), the endocrine and cardiovascular system ( @entity101 ). Manifestations of @entity1265 vary at different times in an individual's life. Substantial variability exists among affected members of a single family. This variability confounds clinical management and the severity of the disease cannot be predicted. We present a case in young @entity1 24 years-old treated by reiterative plastic surgery.

title: [Morpho-functional iterative surgery in a XXXX with von Recklinghausen disease].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short stature']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'intracranial tumors']

entities_list: @entity3292 :: ('MESH:D009455', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromas']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity5150 :: ('MESH:D020339', 'Disease') :: ['optic glioma']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant disease']

entities_list: @entity4786 :: ('MESH:D017253', 'Disease') :: ['Neurofibromatosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To explore @entity1 's accounts of their experiences of the UK's largest @entity28 programme, @entity32799 (Mind, Exercise, Nutrition   Do it!) (See www.mendprogramme.org). DESIGN: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with @entity1 who had completed the @entity32799 @entity28 programme. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). METHOD: Fourteen @entity1 spanning diverse areas of London comprised this study (eight male, six female), aged between 11 and 14  years and in secondary school. @entity1 were interviewed a year after completing one of the London-based @entity32799 @entity28 programmes. RESULTS: This article focuses on the most common and striking theme to emerge from the original dataset (The complete analysis may be found in L. Watson, Unpublished doctoral thesis): Fun. Subthemes were: 'going with the flow'; active participation in activities that led to new experiences ('actually doing it' - seeing the fun side); the importance of others in the experience of fun ('you do games in unity' - 'it's not as fun on your own'). CONCLUSION: @entity1 have fun when engaged in interactive and varied activities with opportunity for individual feedback and improvement. When designing @entity28 programmes, conditions that optimise @entity1 's experience of fun should be emphasised over didactic and risk-heavy information pertaining to @entity28 . Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Continued growth in @entity28 and its associated health problems, psychological effects, and economic @entity5516 tackling @entity28 a public health priority. Multicomponent lifestyle interventions to treat @entity28 within the community have been shown to reduce overweight and @entity28 from pre- to post-treatment, increase self-esteem, and are found to be acceptable by parents. @entity32799 is the most widely disseminated evidence-based programme of this kind in the United Kingdom. What does this study add? This study is the first qualitative study to explore the @entity1 's experience of attending @entity32799 . The post-treatment maintenance period, where most behaviour change is consolidated (or not), is also captured in this study, with @entity1 interviewed at least 1  year post-treatment. Findings unearthed an unexpected and strong theme - that of 'fun' - integral to their experience during their time at @entity32799 . Optimizing conditions for fun is imperative to @entity1 's (and adults'?) engagement with, and maintenance of, healthy lifestyle activities.

title: Kids just wanna have fun: XXXX 's experiences of a weight management programme.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'Participants', 'child']

entities_list: @entity5516 :: ('MESH:D020195', 'Disease') :: ['burden make']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['childhood obesity', 'obesity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: @entity1778 with @entity11626 gene translocations are a complication of primary @entity5 treatment with DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors. How early translocations appear during primary @entity5 treatment has not been investigated. We tracked the leukemic clone with an @entity11626 gene translocation during @entity521 therapy in a @entity1 who developed @entity3052 . The karyotype of the leukemic clone showed del(11)(q23). We used panhandle PCR-based methods to isolate the breakpoint junction involving @entity11626 and an unknown partner gene. Marrow DNA from @entity521 diagnosis and DNA and RNA from serial preleukemic marrows were examined for the translocation. The karyotypic del(11)(q23) was a cryptic t(11;17). @entity50070 , a growth arrest-specific gene at chromosome band 17p13, was the partner gene of @entity11626 . Two different @entity50070 fusion transcripts were expressed. The translocation was already detectable by 1.5 months after the start of @entity521 treatment. The translocation was not detectable in the marrow at @entity521 diagnosis or in peripheral blood lymphocyte DNAs of six normal subjects. @entity50070 is a new partner gene of @entity11626 in treatment-related @entity3052 . @entity11626 gene translocations can be present early during anticancer treatment at low cumulative doses of DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors. Although @entity11626 has many partner genes and most have not been characterized, panhandle PCR strategies afford new means for detecting @entity11626 gene translocations early during therapy when the partner gene is unknown.

title: Detection of XXXX -associated @entity50070 translocation early during chemotherapy with DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['Leukemias']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['leukemia']


abstract: Mechanisms of protective immunity to @entity281 in the lung remain poorly defined. In this study, T-cell subset expansion and cytokine expression in bronchoalveolar spaces, lung parenchyma, and mediastinal lymph nodes of @entity19 infected intratracheally with @entity2497 -Calmette-Guerin bacillus (BCG) were analyzed in parallel with histopathology and bacterial burden. @entity2499 -BCG was cleared rapidly from bronchoalveolar spaces without evidence for persistence. In lung parenchyma bacteria grew during the first 4 wk followed by gradual clearance with less than 0.1% of the original inoculum persisting for more than 8 mo. Clearance of @entity2499 -BCG from bronchoalveolar lavage was associated with recruitment of both neutrophils and lymphocytes. Lung CD4(+), CD8(+), and gammadelta T-cell receptor-positive T cells expanded maximally by Week 4, and declined by Week 8 to control values despite bacterial persistence. Both CD4(+) and CD8(+) lung T cells produced interferon (IFN)-gamma in response to @entity2499 -BCG. Four distinct pathologic states of lung parenchymal infection were noted. Early focal sub-bronchial inflammation with transmigration of cells into airways was followed by diffuse peribronchitis, perivasculitis, and @entity3794 with activated macrophages, lymphoblasts, and occasional giant cells. The latter stage corresponded to maximal @entity2499 -BCG growth. @entity281 consisted of small lymphocytes and foamy macrophages, which coincided with decreasing @entity2499 -BCG colony-forming units, T-cell infiltration, and IFN-gamma expression. A final quiescent phase consisted of residual lymphoid aggregates and perivasculitis associated with persistent spontaneous IFN-gamma production. Bacterial dissemination to lymph node and spleen occurred by Week 4 and declined in parallel to lung. In contrast to lung, IFN-gamma secretion was detected only late despite early expansion of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. By reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction, IFN-gamma and interleukin (IL)-12 p40 messenger RNA (mRNA) in lung paralleled IFN-gamma protein production. Tumor @entity39 factor-alpha, IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA expression was not increased during @entity2499 -BCG @entity358 . Thus, protective immunity to @entity2499 -BCG in the lung evolved differently in air space, lung, and lymph node.

title: Pulmonary immune responses during primary XXXX - Calmette-Guerin bacillus infection in C57Bl/6 @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity3794 :: ('MESH:D011658', 'Disease') :: ['alveolitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Resolving infection', 'mycobacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung infection']

entities_list: @entity2497 :: ('1765', 'Species') :: ['Mycobacterium bovis']

answer: @entity2497 :: (1765,Species) :: ['mycobacterium bovis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity397 of the tibialis anterior tendon are rare but can cause substantial functional deficiencies. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a surgery for soft tissue repair of traumatic rupture of the tibialis anterior tendon by using a plate and screw fixation repair in combination with the free anterolateral thigh flaps transplantation. METHODS: Eight consecutive @entity1 with anterior tibialis @entity397 who visited orthopedics departments from February 2008 to February 2012 were included in our study. The @entity397 tendon was reconstructed with plate and screw fixation technique, and the tissue defects were repaired with anterolateral thigh free flaps. The complications and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scores were evaluated. Postoperative manual strength test was performed using a 0 to 5 scale. RESULTS: All flaps survived without any complications. The average preoperative and postoperative AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scores of the @entity1 were 51 and 95, respectively. Good ankle dorsiflexion strength against strong resistance was observed in eight ankles postoperatively (manual strength of one @entity1 was 4/5, the others were 5/5), and a substantial improvement in strength was noted compared with the preoperative examination. CONCLUSION: Soft tissue repair for tibialis anterior tendon rupture using plate and screw fixation technique in combination with anterolateral thigh flaps transplantation is a feasible technique and yield satisfactory results.

title: Soft tissue repair for tibialis anterior XXXX using plate and screw fixation technique in combination with anterolateral thigh flaps transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['tendon ruptures', 'ruptured', 'Traumatic ruptures']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['tendon ruptures']


abstract: Mosquito control using insecticides has been the most successful intervention known to reduce @entity311 prevalence or incidence. However, vector control is facing a threat due to the emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides. Insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative biocontrol techniques in the future. In this research, the leaf aqueous leachate of Tephrosia vogelii was evaluated for its @entity137 against larvae of the most invasive mosquito worldwide, @entity197 (Diptera: Culicidae), and toward adults of the water flea, Daphnia magna (Cladocera: Crustacea) and @entity6373 , two non-target aquatic organisms that share the same ecological niche of A. albopictus. The leaf aqueous leachate of T. vogelii was evaluated against fourth-instar larvae, non-blood fed 3-5 days old laboratory strains of A. albopictus under @entity2480 . In addition, the objective of the present work was to study the environmental safety evaluation for aquatic ecosystem. Mortality was then recorded after 7d exposure. The leaf aqueous leachate of T. vogelii showed high mosquitocidal activity against larvae of A. albopictus, with a LC50=1.18 g/mL. However, it had a remarkable acute @entity137 also toward adults of the non-target arthropod D. magna, with a LC50=0.47 g/L and @entity6373 with a LC50=5.31 g/L. The present findings have important implications in the practical control of mosquito larvae in the aquatic ecosystem, as the medicinal plants studied are commonly available in large quantities. The extract could be used in stagnant water bodies for the control of mosquitoes acting as vector for many @entity166 .

title: Laboratory evaluation of aqueous leaf extract of Tephrosia vogelii against larvae of XXXX (Diptera: Culicidae) and non-target aquatic organisms.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity197 :: ('7160', 'Species') :: ['Aedes albopictus']

entities_list: @entity6373 :: ('8128', 'Species') :: ['O. niloticus', 'Oreochromis niloticus']

entities_list: @entity2480 :: ('MESH:D007757', 'Disease') :: ['laboratory condition']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['communicable diseases']

answer: @entity197 :: (7160,Species) :: ['Aedes albopictus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of mutation of @entity22219 of COL I A1 gene on the biochemical function of osteoblast, and the pathomechanism of @entity1555 . METHODS: Spongy bones were obtained to culture osteoblast primarily during total hip or knee replacements. The genotype of osteoblast was identified with PCR-RFLP. The amount of mRNA of COL I A1 and collagen type I were determined by RT-PCR and ELISA. The growth of osteoblast, the activity of bone @entity731 , and the amount of @entity460 in cell matrix and @entity460 nodus were measured. RESULTS: Three genotypes GG, GT and TT in osteoblast were successfully identified. Compared with GG and GT genotypes, lower expression of mRNA of COL I A1 gene, lesser collagen type I, @entity460 in cell matrix, and @entity460 nodus were found in the cells with TT genotype (P < 0.01). No significant differences were found between GG and GT genotype (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in age, growth of osteoblast, and activity of bone @entity731 among the three genotypes (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Cells with TT genotype have low expression of mRNA of COL I A1 gene and less collagen type I , @entity460 in cell matrix and @entity460 nodus. The lower amount of collagen type I synthesized by osteoblast can decrease the matrix outside the bone cells and result in insufficient site for @entity460 deposition. This may be the cause of lower @entity1555 in @entity1 with TT genotype.

title: [Influence of mutation of XXXX of COL I A1 gene on the biochemical function of osteoblast].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity22219 :: (c|SUB|G|-1997|T,DNAMutation) :: ['-1997G-->T']


abstract: This study was aimed at assessing the MR patterns of transient @entity572 and, consequently, the role of MRI in the diagnosis and follow-up of this condition. Even though this condition was originally observed in pregnant @entity1 , young or middle-aged @entity1 are most frequently affected. There is a spontaneous onset of @entity158 , usually progressing over several weeks. The @entity1 have no risk factors for @entity2530 ; they may have a history of minor @entity130 and there is a possible relationship to the third trimester of pregnancy. Laboratory values are negative. @entity158 may be severe enough to cause the @entity1 to limp and to impair joint function. The possible causes of transient @entity170 have been debated by many authors and include @entity130 , @entity603 , @entity531 and transient or reversible @entity63 . Transient @entity170 is a self-limiting disease which does not require surgical treatment. The differential diagnosis of transient @entity572 is very important because this condition may simulate @entity5 , @entity5414 , @entity4034 or @entity2530 . We report the initial and follow-up features of transient @entity572 on the MR images of 6 @entity1 (M/F = 5/1; age: 37-49 years, mean: 41.8 years). The right side was involved in 3 @entity1 , the left side in 2 @entity1 . The @entity1 with bilateral transient @entity170 was a @entity1 in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. In all @entity1 , MRI was performed with an 0.5 T MR unit. The MR changes in our 6 @entity1 were rather uniform and included heterogeneous decrease in the signal intensity of the affected bone marrow on T1-weighted images and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted and STIR images, with no evidence of focal lesions. This pattern is known as the " @entity236 " (BME) pattern. All the @entity1 received conservative treatment. The clinical symptoms and the MR abnormalities regressed completely within 6-10 months, with no late sequelae. To conclude, this follow-up MR study demonstrates the transient, reversible @entity572 . Until the natural history of the BME pattern is better understood, we suggest a conservative management of this condition, especially in the @entity1 with no risk factors for @entity2530 . Radiographic and MR follow-up is recommended.

title: [Transient XXXX in magnetic resonance imaging].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'woman', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity5414 :: ('MESH:D001170', 'Disease') :: ['septic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity603 :: ('MESH:D013585', 'Disease') :: ['synovitis']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis of the hip', 'character of transient osteoporosis of the hip']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow edema']

entities_list: @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['avascular necrosis', 'osteonecrosis']

answer: @entity572 :: (MESH:D006617,Disease) :: ['osteoporosis of the hip']


abstract: The objectives of the study are to investigate gestational age-specific mortality and neonatal outcomes in preterm @entity1 admitted to a tertiary center in Lithuania, and to make comparison with tertiary centers in western countries. Three hundred thirty-eight newborns born at  <= 32 weeks of gestation and with birth weight  <= 1,500 g between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2005, admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Kaunas Medical University Hospital, were prospectively investigated. Mortality and associations between maternal, perinatal, and neonatal variables and short-term outcomes were examined for two gestational age (GA) groups (group I, extremely preterm, 22-27 weeks GA; group II, very preterm, 28-32 weeks GA). Mortality in group I was 53.5% and 2.9% in group II. GA <28 weeks, Apgar score <5 at 5 min, and birth weight <1,000 g posed the highest risk for @entity204 . Overall, 78.2% of the surviving @entity1 were discharged from hospital without adverse short-term outcomes. The incidence of @entity2107 ( @entity2107 ) was 6.3%, of @entity989 ( @entity989 ) requiring treatment 4.2%, of @entity548 ( @entity548 ) III-IV 10.9%, and for @entity5719 ( @entity5719 ) 8.0%. In conclusion, a decade after introduction of perinatal programs, mortality in the very preterm group is similar to those reported from cohorts in western countries. In the extremely preterm group, however, mortality is still higher. Neonatal outcomes such as @entity989 are now similar, and @entity2107 is lower to those in other cohorts, whereas the incidence of @entity75 is still higher. We speculate that differences in outcomes between studies may be explained by differences in resources, definitions, and treatment routines.

title: Neonatal outcomes of very preterm XXXX admitted to a tertiary center in Lithuania between the years 2003 and 2005.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraventricular hemorrhage', 'IVH']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesions']

entities_list: @entity2107 :: ('MESH:D001997', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopulmonary dysplasia', 'BPD']

entities_list: @entity5719 :: ('MESH:D007969', 'Disease') :: ['cystic periventricular leukomalacia', 'cPVL']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy of prematurity', 'ROP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Glandular lesions of the urinary bladder include a broad spectrum of entities ranging from completely benign to primary and secondary @entity5 . The accurate diagnosis of these lesions is both important and challenging. Recently, studies suggest that @entity2215 ( @entity2215 ) promoter mutations could be a biomarker for @entity189 ( @entity189 ). We hypothesized that these mutations can distinguish @entity189 with glandular differentiation from @entity652 , primary @entity1494 (PAUB), or secondary @entity5 . Twenty-five cases of @entity75 (including @entity652 ); 29 cases of @entity189 with glandular differentiation; 10 cases of PAUB; and 10 cases each of metastatic @entity694 , @entity263 , and @entity189 from Mullerian origin were collected. Slides were reviewed and selected to make sure the lesion was at least 10% to 20% of all tissue. Macrodissection was performed in some of cases, and genomic DNA was extracted from the tissue. @entity2215 promoter mutations were determined by standard polymerase chain reaction sequencing. Twenty-one cases (72%) of @entity189 with glandular differentiation were positive for @entity2215 promoter mutations. However, none of the remaining cases (total 65 cases of benign lesions, PAUB, and @entity189 ) was positive for @entity2215 promoter mutation. @entity2215 promoter mutations were highly associated with @entity189 including @entity189 with glandular differentiation but not other glandular lesions of bladder. Therefore, in conjunction with morphologic features, Immunohistochemistry stain profile, and clinical information, @entity2215 promoter mutations could distinguish @entity189 with glandular differentiation from other @entity1494 . In addition, lack of @entity2215 promoter mutations in primary @entity1494 suggests that this entity may have different origin or carcinogenesis from those of @entity189 .

title: XXXX promoter mutations in glandular lesions of the urinary bladder.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of bladder', 'adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder', 'bladder glandular lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['benign glandular lesions']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma', 'carcinoma', 'UC', 'metastatic carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['nephrogenic adenoma']

entities_list: @entity2215 :: ('7015', 'Gene') :: ['TERT', 'telomerase reverse transcriptase', 'Telomerase reverse transcriptase']

answer: @entity2215 :: (7015,Gene) :: ['Telomerase reverse transcriptase']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many @entity1 treated on @entity130 surgery wards are geriatric @entity130 @entity1 . To improve treatment of these often multimorbid @entity1 , various interdisciplinary treatment concepts have been established in Germany between @entity130 surgeons and geriatricians. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dissemination and the impact of the different orthogeriatric treatment concepts for geriatric @entity130 in Germany. Material and methods In March and April 2014 an electronic questionnaire for assessing the interdisciplinary treatment of geriatric @entity130 @entity1 was sent to 691 medical directors of @entity130 surgery departments in Germany. RESULTS: A total of 259 (37   %) fully answered questionnaires could be analyzed. The analysis revealed that 70   % of all responding @entity130 surgery departments had an orthogeriatric treatment cooperation. Most of them  reported having @entity1 discharge agreements to geriatric rehabilitation facilities  (59  %). Geriatric counseling services were reported by 39   % while 24   % reported having regular interdisciplinary visits and orthogeriatric wards were available in 13   %. The need for orthogeriatric services was considered to be high by 79   % of the @entity1 and benefits especially for the @entity1 were expected. These expectations were largely fulfilled. More than 70   % of respondents planned to intensify the orthogeriatric cooperation. In this context difficulties were seen in the lack of personnel resources, especially in a lack of geriatricians. CONCLUSION: The results of this survey underline the impact and the positive experiences in orthogeriatric services. Solutions have to be found to address the emerging problem of capacity constraints.

title: [Interdisciplinary treatment in geriatric traumatology from the XXXX surgeons' perspective : Results of a survey in Germany].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: A 32-year-old @entity1 was diagnosed @entity645 positive with disseminated @entity281 in May 2006. Her initial @entity404 was 7 cells/  L and she had a right supraclavicular nodal mass, which was biopsied and shown to be consistent with cryptococcal @entity3298 . She was treated for disseminated @entity281 and was started on antiretroviral medications subsequently. Two years later, she developed a left supraclavicular mass. Her @entity404 count was 320 cells/  L and @entity645 RNA level was undetectable. Investigations and biopsy results were consistent with a late presentation of cryptococcal immune reconstitution @entity32 (IRIS). She was treated with oral @entity288 and her symptoms resolved completely. IRIS is a recognised complication of @entity645 treatment and occurs in a significant percentage of @entity1 within the first 3   months of starting antiretroviral therapy. This case report illustrates the importance of recognising late presentations of IRIS. It is vital to differentiate true cryptococcal @entity3298 from IRIS-induced cryptococcal @entity3298 .

title: Late onset of cryptococcal cervical @entity3298 following immune reconstitution @entity32 in a XXXX with AIDS.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory syndrome']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['cryptococcal infection']

entities_list: @entity3298 :: ('MESH:D008199', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenitis']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: Seventeen @entity35 GABAA receptor subtypes were transiently expressed in the @entity1 embryonic kidney 293 cell line from alpha 1, alpha 2, alpha 3, alpha 5, or alpha 6 variants with any of the three beta subunits and gamma 2S or gamma 3. We obtained fingerprints in the form of subtype characteristic concentration-response curves of 35S-TBPS binding to @entity1246 and the GABAA antagonists @entity8772 and @entity1027 . alpha 3 beta 3 gamma 2S/3 and alpha 5 beta 3 gamma 2S/3 containing receptors effectively recognized 35S-TBPS but not when beta 3 was replaced by the @entity21277 subunit. This indicates a specific interaction of alpha and beta variants to form high-affinity 35S-TBPS binding sites. At low levels @entity1246 allosterically increased 35S-TBPS binding to all receptors with the concentration and magnitude depending on the subunit combination. Exchange of the beta variant did not alter the concentration-response curves for alpha 1 and alpha 6 containing receptors but did so for alpha 2 containing receptors. alpha 2 beta 3 gamma 3 receptors displayed strong @entity1246 -induced stimulation of 35S-TBPS binding, whereas binding to alpha 2 beta 3 gamma 3 receptors was marginally increased. @entity8772 and @entity1027 decreased 35S-TBPS binding to all gamma 3 containing receptors. In addition, @entity1027 was effective on alpha 1 beta x gamma 2 receptors. @entity8772 was threefold more potent than @entity1027 in reversing @entity1246 -induced modulation of 35S-TBPS binding in most receptor types, but was 30-fold more potent on alpha 2 @entity10483 gamma 3 and alpha 6 @entity10483 gamma 2S receptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX antagonists differentiate between recombinant GABAA/benzodiazepine receptor subtypes.

entities_list: @entity1027 :: ('MESH:D001640', 'Chemical') :: ['bicuculline']

answer: @entity1246 :: (MESH:D005680,Chemical) :: ['GABA']


abstract: @entity310 antagonist therapy is associated with a risk of severe, extrapulmonary, disseminated @entity378 , which is fatal in 10% of cases. The risk of @entity378 is increased four-fold in @entity1 on @entity310 antagonist therapy. The main risk factors are a history of untreated or inadequately treated @entity378 , recent contact with a @entity378 @entity1 , and residence in or travel to a high-endemicity region. Infection surveillance agencies throughout the world have issued recommendations to ensure the detection and treatment of @entity9178 before @entity310 antagonist initiation. These recommendations have returned the incidence of @entity378 to the level seen before the introduction of @entity310 antagonists. Nevertheless, there is still room for improvement. Recommendations about @entity9178 screening include the use of tuberculin skin tests. However, these tests are positive in individuals vaccinated with the BCG vaccine, which leads to overuse of @entity378 chemoprophylaxis and, therefore, to unnecessary @entity1 exposure to hepatotoxic effects. Furthermore, tuberculin skin tests may be falsely negative in immunosuppressed @entity1 , leading to underuse of @entity378 prophylaxis. These shortcomings of tuberculin skin tests have generated interest in @entity379 release assays (IGRAs). In @entity1 with overt @entity378 , IGRAs are more sensitive and more specific than tuberculin skin tests. However, the accuracy of IGRAs for diagnosing @entity9178 remains unknown, because no reference standard is available. In addition, @entity1 taking immunosuppressant agents to treat @entity262 may exhibit anergia, which complicates the interpretation of IGRAs. Until additional data become available, caution requires that IGRAs be used only when a positive or negative result, as assessed on a case-by-case basis, will help to decide whether @entity378 chemoprophylaxis is in order.

title: Role for @entity379 release assays in XXXX screening before @entity310 antagonist therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity9178 :: ('MESH:D055985', 'Disease') :: ['latent tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['interferon-gamma']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['primary tuberculosis', 'tuberculosis']

answer: @entity9178 :: (MESH:D055985,Disease) :: ['latent tuberculosis']


abstract: Several new studies have indicated that an active approach to @entity1 with @entity1643 (LBP) seems effective. Some of these studies emphasize the importance of dealing with the @entity1 's total situation in comprehensive multidisciplinary programs--the bio-psycho-social model. However, these programs are expensive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rehabilitation outcome from three different active programs in terms of: (1) return-to-work rate, (2) days of sick leave, (3) health-care contacts, (4) @entity158 and disability scores, and (5) staying physically active. The subjects included 132 @entity1 randomized to the study, of whom 123 started one of the treatment programs. They had all had at least 6 months of chronic LBP. The @entity1 were randomized into one of three programs: group 1--a full-time, intensive 3-week multidisciplinary program, including active physical and ergonomic training and @entity158 management, followed by 1 day weekly for the subsequent 3 weeks; group 2--active physical training, twice a week for 6 weeks, for a total of 24h; group 3-- @entity158 management combined with active physical training, twice a week for 6 weeks, also for a total of 24h. The results presented here are based on data collected 4 months following treatment, which shows an 86% response rate. The initial examination and the follow-up evaluation were performed by a blinded observer. The results show that 4 months after treatment, the intensive multidisciplinary program is superior to the less intensive programs in terms of return-to-work rate, health-care contacts, @entity158 and disability scores, and staying physically active.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Active treatment programs for @entity1 with XXXX : a prospective, randomized, observer-blinded study.

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disabling low back pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'psychological pain']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['chronic low back pain']


abstract: We previously reported the production of a panel of murine monoclonal antibodies which recognize glycoproteins abnormally expressed in @entity1 @entity0 . Using two of these antibodies, a double antibody radioimmunoassay was designed to quantify levels of these @entity0 marker glycoproteins in serum. Marker levels greater than 28 units were considered abnormal. Using this criterion, 63% and 75% of @entity1 with @entity0 stages I and II, respectively, and 88% of those with @entity3 were found to have elevated marker levels. Thirteen percent of @entity1 with non-malignant @entity1558 also had elevated marker levels. Elevated marker levels were also detected in @entity1 with non @entity0 . One hundred and eleven @entity1 with @entity3 were followed. Eighty-two percent of those with progressive disease and 73% of those where disease regressed had 20% changes in marker levels. These changes in marker levels preceded by up to 6 months changes in disease state. From these results we conclude that this assay may be useful for monitoring the course of disease in @entity0 @entity1 .

title: Double antibody radioimmunoassay for monitoring metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1558 :: ('MESH:D001941', 'Disease') :: ['breast disease']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast tumours', 'breast cancer', 'breast tumour', 'breast neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Introduction. @entity2900 , a deepolarizing muscle relaxant, @entity2790 . It is therefore advised to be avoided in @entity1538 surgery, for fear of extruding ocular contents. Several anecdotal reports support this fear. Some workers however, dispute this claim. There is as yet no formal case report in the literature on the subject. Case Presentation. A 34-year old Nigerian male, was involved in a road traffic accident. He presented at the Accident _ Emergency Unit of our hospital about 2 hours after the accident. Clinical examination revealed @entity2687 (with intact ocular contents) and @entity3511 . Emergency laparotomy was scheduled, to be followed with corneal repair. Anaesthesia was induced with 10   mg @entity1363 , 100   mg @entity3652 , and 100   mg @entity2900 given intravenously in sequence. After laparotomy, the ophthalmologists reported for the corneal repair, only to find that the vitreous humour has been extruded. Conclusion. The fear about the use of @entity2900 in @entity1538 situations is real. It will be good clinical judgment to use alternative drugs and techniques to effect rapid muscle relaxation, in the anaesthetic management of the @entity1538 @entity1 . This would be of interest to anaesthetists, ophthalmologists and clinical pharmacologists among others.

title: Vitreous humour extrusion after @entity2900 induction of anaesthesia in a polytraumatized XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open globe']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['increases intraocular pressure']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['right corneal laceration']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

entities_list: @entity3511 :: ('MESH:D000007', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal visceral injury']

entities_list: @entity2900 :: ('MESH:D013390', 'Chemical') :: ['Suxamethonium', 'suxamethonium']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: Due to the wide range of pesticides that can be used in agriculture, the development of fast multiresidue methods that simultaneously determine polar and non-polar pesticides is greatly demanded. This study shows the development and validation of a multiresidue method for the analysis of 98 non-polar pesticides and 28 polar pesticides in soil. A simultaneous extraction step by pressurized liquid extraction was utilized. The optimum results were obtained using @entity1046 - @entity1042 (3:1, v/v) with 2 min of preheat time and 85 degrees C as the extraction temperature. The final determination of non-polar pesticides was performed by GC, whereas polar pesticides were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Both GC and UPLC were coupled to triple-quadrupole analyzers operating in tandem @entity15 . The optimized extraction procedure was validated. The average extraction recoveries were in the range 72-108% (10 microg/kg) and 71-106% (50 microg/kg), with RSD values < or = 26%. The matrix effect was also evaluated, and matrix-matched standard calibration was finally applied for quantification. The suitability of the method was also checked by the analysis of a certified reference material. Furthermore, 26 real soil samples were analyzed by the proposed methods in order to assess their applicability. Several pesticides (e.g., @entity9687 , @entity20346 , or @entity1304 ) were found in the samples.

title: Use of pressurized liquid extraction for the simultaneous analysis of 28 polar and 94 non-polar pesticides in agricultural soils by GC/QqQ- @entity15 / @entity15 and UPLC/QqQ- XXXX / @entity15 .

entities_list: @entity1046 :: ('MESH:C007650', 'Chemical') :: ['ethyl acetate']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity20346 :: ('MESH:C032910', 'Chemical') :: ['triadimefon']

entities_list: @entity1304 :: ('MESH:D004726', 'Chemical') :: ['endosulfan']

entities_list: @entity9687 :: ('MESH:C099952', 'Chemical') :: ['bifenthrin']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['MS']


abstract: The administration of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells along with @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ) can mediate regression of @entity5 in selected @entity1 . A closed automated system utilizing commercial blood cell separators has been developed for washing and Ficoll-Hypaque (FH) separation of lymphocytes, for lymphocyte culture in polyolefin bags, and for concentration of LAK cells out of culture prior to infusion. We now demonstrate that preparation of LAK cells can be simplified by elimination of the FH sedimentation step. @entity1 leukapheresis was performed using Fenwal CS-3000 blood cell separators, with a mean cellular yield per procedure of 54 X 10(9) WBC (95% lymphocytes), 184 X 10(9) RBC, and 306 X 10(9) platelets (n = 22). These cells were then washed in the same apheresis kit with a counter-current flow of saline, thereby eliminating 85% of platelets while retaining 88% of WBC. Aliquots of the washed cells were separated on FH gradients in 50 ml centrifuge tubes, and both FH-separated and washed-only cells were cultured at 3 X 10(6)/ml with 1500 U/ml @entity1199 in polyolefin bags. Cytotoxicities of 22 preparations of LAK cells from 14 @entity1 were evaluated in 4 h 51Cr release assays. Cells that were washed-only averaged 47, 35, and 9 lytic units/10(6) cells against K562, Daudi, and fresh @entity5 , while FH separated cells averaged 46, 33, and 6 lytic units/10(6) cells respectively. Cellular recoveries using the wash-only technique were 25% greater than when using FH sedimentation. Omission of FH separation saves time and expense in preparation and provides greater numbers of LAK cells for use in adoptive immunotherapy.

title: A simplified automated procedure for generation of XXXX lymphokine-activated killer cells for use in clinical trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, there has been tremendous interest in the sinus microbiome and how it relates to disease. However, a lack of a standardized sample collection and DNA extraction methods makes comparison of results across studies nearly impossible. Furthermore, current techniques fail to identify which components of the microbiome are actually alive within the host at the time of sampling. OBJECTIVE: To develop and optimize a method to differentiate which bacterial species in the @entity1 sinus microbiome are live versus dead. METHODS: Duplicate samples from the middle meatus of @entity1 with healthy sinus tissue and those @entity1 with chronic rhinosinusitis were collected by using brushes (n = 12), swabs (n = 27), and tissue biopsy (n = 8) methods. One sample from each pair was either @entity8118 - or control-treated before DNA extraction. The relative bacterial versus @entity1 composition of each sample was determined. @entity44686 ribosomal RNA gene analysis was performed on a six-paired sample from @entity1 with healthy sinus tissue. RESULTS: We found that swabs and brushes collected a higher percentage of bacterial DNA than did tissue biopsy. We also determined that as much as 50% of the bacteria collected in these samples was already dead at the time of collection. The 16S ribosomal RNA gene analysis found significant changes in the relative abundance of taxa identified in the live versus dead bacterial communities of healthy @entity1 sinuses. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicated that swabs provided the best quality microbiome samples and that a large portion of the bacteria identified in the sinus were @entity8118 sensitive. These results highlighted the need for improved techniques such as those presented here, which can differentiate between living and dead bacteria in a sample, a potentially critical distinction when examining changes in sinus innate immune function because both components play important, but distinct, functions. Further studies will determine how these living and dead bacterial populations shift in different disease states and after clinical intervention.

title: Dead or alive: XXXX sensitive bacteria and implications for the sinus microbiome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity44686 :: ('p|SUB|A|16|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['A 16S']

entities_list: @entity8118 :: ('1773', 'Gene') :: ['deoxyribonuclease I']

answer: @entity8118 :: (1773,Gene) :: ['Deoxyribonuclease I']


abstract: Our objective was to examine the usefulness of the Ki67 proliferation index as a prognostic marker in @entity1 with @entity259 ( @entity259 ). It is difficult to predict the prognosis of @entity259 by using conventional prognostic factors. Immunocytochemical analysis of @entity5 proliferation has been used as a prognostic tool in some @entity5 , but only rarely in @entity259 . In all, 71 @entity5 from 36 @entity1 were investigated, by using a semiautomatic image analysis programme. On average 10,000 nuclear profiles were counted per @entity5 , and the percentage of @entity5 cells expressing the proliferation marker, Ki67, was calculated. Primary @entity5 that had metastasised had higher Ki67 indices than primary @entity5 that had not metastasised. Recurrent lymph node @entity3 had higher Ki67 indices than the primary @entity5 . By using a Poisson model, it was possible to estimate the median survival time for individual @entity1 if the Ki67 index for the primary @entity5 and the age at surgery were known. The higher the Ki67 index and the age at operation were, the shorter was the survival. Estimating the median survival of individual @entity1 will be of help for planning the @entity1 ' life and postoperative follow-up and treatment.

title: The Ki67 index a prognostic marker in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['medullary thyroid carcinoma', 'MTC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['medullary thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: To assess the incidence of and risk factors for clinical and subclinical @entity778 , we prospectively studied 1,207 adult short-term travelers from the Netherlands to @entity779 . @entity1 donated blood samples for serologic testing before and after travel. Blood samples were tested for antibodies against DENV. Seroconversion occurred in 14 (1.2%) travelers at risk. The incidence rate was 14.6 per 1,000 @entity1 -months. The incidence rate was significantly higher for travel during the rainy months. @entity779 occurred in 5 of the 14 travelers who seroconverted. Seroconversion was significantly related to fever, @entity158 , @entity925 , @entity4841 , and @entity1910 . The risk for @entity778 for short-term travelers to @entity779 is substantial. The incidence rate for this study is comparable with that in 2 other serology-based prospective studies conducted in the 1990s.

title: Travel-related XXXX , The Netherlands, 2006-2007.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'person']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['dengue virus (DENV) infection', 'DENV infection']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['retro-orbital pain']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity779 :: ('MESH:D003715', 'Disease') :: ['Dengue-like illness', 'dengue-endemic areas']

answer: @entity778 :: (MESH:D015658,Disease) :: ['dengue virus infection']


abstract: We report the case of a 23-year-old @entity1 with @entity2418 ( @entity2418 ) and a history of @entity716 and @entity410 . She had been treated with conventional antipsychotic and antiepileptic drugs for 10 and 3 years, respectively. However, she continued to experience occasional @entity1833 and paroxysmal jerking of the extremities. @entity38171 500 mg b.i.d. (later reduced to 250 mg t.i.d.) was added to her regimen. @entity1833 and @entity410 stopped shortly. Over the course of approximately 1 year, the previous medications were discontinued without recurrence of @entity716 and @entity302 symptoms. Eventually, improved mental functions and behaviour enabled her transition from living in a licensed residential facility to sharing a private residence with a partner. @entity2418 is associated with haploinsufficiency of @entity2922 -methyltransferase, leading to excessive extraneuronal @entity2922 concentrations. Alpha-Methyldopa inhibits @entity2922 neurotransmission in a variety of ways. It is possible that the drug compensated for genetically disturbed @entity2922 transmission thus achieving beneficial effects in this case.

title: Replacement of antipsychotic and antiepileptic medication by @entity38171 in a @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations', 'Hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic', 'psychosis']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity2418 :: ('MESH:D004062', 'Disease') :: ['VCFS', 'velocardiofacial syndrome']

entities_list: @entity38171 :: ('CHEBI:61058', 'Chemical') :: ['L-alpha-methyldopa']

answer: @entity2418 :: (MESH:D004062,Disease) :: ['velocardiofacial syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Initial reports have shown percutaneous sonographically guided needle tenotomy without corticosteroid injection to be effective for the treatment of @entity2633 . The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of this procedure with various tendons throughout the body. METHODS: Fourteen tendons in 13 @entity1 were identified as having a greater than 6-month history of clinical presentation consistent with @entity924 that had failed treatment with physical therapy. All @entity1 were treated with sonographically guided percutaneous tenotomy using a 22-gauge needle and a local anesthetic. A visual analog scale (VAS) @entity158 score measurement was obtained before the procedure and at 4- and 12-week follow-up appointments. All complications were recorded. RESULTS: The 14 tendons in this study included patellar (5), Achilles (4), proximal gluteus medius (1), proximal iliotibial tract (1), proximal hamstring (1), common extensor elbow (1), and proximal rectus femoris (1). The composite VAS score was significantly lower at both 4 weeks (mean +/- SEM, 2.4 +/- 0.7) and 12 weeks (2.2 +/- 0.7) compared with the baseline (5.8 +/- 0.6; P < .001). No complications or morbidity occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Sonographically guided percutaneous tenotomy of @entity924 was effective in improving @entity1 symptoms without complications. Further investigation with additional @entity1 and comparisons to alternative treatments is needed to validate these preliminary results.

title: Sonographically guided percutaneous needle tenotomy for the treatment of chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2633 :: ('MESH:D013716', 'Disease') :: ['tennis elbow']

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['tendinopathy', 'tendinosis']

answer: @entity924 :: (MESH:D052256,Disease) :: ['tendinosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The main aim of this study is to evaluate the association between serum @entity165 level and @entity1144 in adult @entity1 and @entity1 in the north of Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted on the 1956 subjects (990 @entity1 and 966 @entity1 ) between 25 and 65 years old chosen by cluster sampling. Plasma @entity165 was measured in the morning after a 12 h fast and determined by auto-analyzer. @entity1007 ( @entity1007 ) was defined by a total plasma @entity165 level over 200 mg/dl. Waist circumference >= 102 cm and >= 88 cm in @entity1 and @entity1 were defined as @entity1144 . SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis and P < 0.05 considered as statistical significance. RESULTS: Averagely, the mean of age was 44.2 years and mean    standard deviation of plasma total @entity165 level was 203    11.3 mg/dl. The @entity1007 was seen in 50.8% of subjects with a more common in @entity1 than in @entity1 . Compared with normal subjects, in @entity1144 @entity1 , the odds ratio (OR) of @entity1007 was (OR = 4.208 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.939-9.130]) and (OR = 3.956 [95% CI: 1.821-8.592]) in @entity1 aged 25-35 and 35-45 years, respectively. In @entity1 aged 25-35 years, it was (OR = 3.444 [95% CI: 1.959-6.056]) in @entity1144 compared with normal subjects. CONCLUSION: @entity1007 was revealed as a major health problem among adults, and it was associated with @entity1144 especially in the early middle-age in the north of Iran. This association was not significant in @entity1 and @entity1 after the age of 45 and 35, respectively.

title: The association between @entity1144 and serum XXXX level.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal obesity', 'abdominal obese']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['HC', 'Hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity64 and @entity1313 are well-known @entity75 . The incidence of lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) in these @entity1 ranges from 14% to 53%, mostly @entity2182 ( @entity2182 ), and is higher when the frontal cortex is involved. This presumably reflects damage at the prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, and other areas that regulate (mainly inhibit) the micturition reflex. @entity62 ( @entity62 ) is a chronic, bilateral form of @entity66 , leading to a high prevalence of @entity2182 (up to 90%). Since @entity62 is particularly common in the elderly, @entity62 may be one of the anatomic substrates for elderly @entity2182 . @entity131 and normal-pressure @entity1276 are rather diffuse @entity75 , which cause @entity2182 with a prevalence rate of 60-95%. Recent neuroimaging studies have shown a relationship between LUTD and the frontal cortex in these diseases. Data on other @entity75 , particularly affecting deep @entity75 , are limited. Small @entity1188 , @entity5 , or inflammatory diseases affecting the basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and cerebellum lead to mainly @entity2182 . In contrast, similar diseases affecting the brainstem lead to either @entity2182 or urinary retention. The latter reflects damage at the periaqueductal gray and the pontine micturition center that directly relay and modulate the micturition reflex. @entity322 ( @entity322 ) in @entity75 can be divided into two types: neurogenic @entity322 (due to @entity2182 ) and functional @entity322 (immobility and @entity73 ). These two types of @entity322 may occur together, but management differs significantly. Management of neurogenic @entity322 includes anticholinergic drugs that do not penetrate the blood-brain barrier easily. Management of functional @entity322 includes behavioral therapy (timed/prompted voiding with physical assistance and bladder/pelvic floor training) and drugs to treat gait as well as cognition that facilitate continence. These treatments will maximize the quality of life in @entity1 with @entity75 .

title: Lower urinary tract dysfunction in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['Traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['UI', 'Urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain structures', 'brain diseases', 'brain disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['loss of initiative/cognition']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions']

entities_list: @entity2182 :: ('MESH:D053201', 'Disease') :: ['overactive bladder', 'OAB']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['White-matter disease', 'WMD']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['brain lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Microdiscectomy for @entity890 is one of the most commonly performed neurosurgical procedures. The @entity1 demographics, symptomatology, and recovery are highly variable, and surgical outcomes depend on several factors, including @entity1 demographics. Failed disc surgery refers to failure of improvement in @entity1 's symptoms following microdiscectomy, and has been observed to occur in up to 12% of @entity1 . To date, no study form Pakistan has looked into @entity1 demographics and failed disc surgery rates within the local context. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to review the demographics of the @entity1 population presenting for surgical treatment of @entity890 and to review our results of lumbosacral microdiscectomy at a university hospital in Pakistan. METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of all adult @entity1 admitted from January 2003 to January 2008 for symptomatic @entity890 requiring microdiscectomy, at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. Data were collected through our medical records, on a standardized form. Basic information about the @entity1 population, disease process, modes of nonsurgical treatment, and details on surgery and postoperative course were recorded and analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS: Five hundred one @entity1 were studied, based on inclusion criteria. The mean age was 41.2 years; 347 (69%) @entity1 were male and 154 (31%) female. Mean body mass index of the population was 26 and was higher in females. All @entity1 primarily presented with @entity614 , and the mean duration of these symptoms was 438 days. Mean duration of nonoperative management was 53 weeks. Fifty-one @entity1 (10.2%) had previously undergone spine surgery. A total of 442 (88%) @entity1 were operated at single disc level, and the rest at two levels. Sixty-six (13%) @entity1 were operated for @entity890 . Mean operative time was 94 minutes, and the most common complication was dural tear. Mean length of hospital stay was 5 days (2-12 days). Mean follow-up was 48.3 weeks (4 weeks to 14 years). Complete resolution of symptoms was seen in 360 (71.9%) @entity1 and failed disc surgery was diagnosed in 42 (8.4%) @entity1 . Twenty-six @entity1 (5.2%) were reoperated upon, with gradual improvement. The authors report an overall failed back surgery rate of 8.38%. CONCLUSIONS: Overall our results were comparable to published international literature. However, the authors observed significant differences in demographics, especially in terms of age, gender distribution, and mean BMI of @entity1 population as well as frequency of involvement of upper lumbar discs.

title: Microdiscectomy for XXXX and frequency of failed disc surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity614 :: ('MESH:D011843', 'Disease') :: ['radiculopathy']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['upper lumbar disc herniations', 'lumbosacral disc herniations', 'lumbosacral disc herniation']

answer: @entity890 :: (MESH:D007405,Disease) :: ['lumbosacral disc herniation']


abstract: @entity282 and symptom management at home following pediatric tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T _ A) is challenging. There are few randomized clinical trials that have established postoperative care interventions that are specific and effective during home recovery. The purpose of this pilot feasibility study was to describe how @entity1 and their families implemented a randomly assigned alarm intervention designed to promote postoperative around-the-clock administration of analgesics. Thirteen @entity1 from 12 through 18 years of age were randomly assigned to either the around-the-clock (RTC) intervention group (n = 7) or the usual care group (UCG) of controls (n = 6). The RTC intervention group was requested to use an alarm as a reminder to awaken and administer analgesia during the nighttime hours of sleep. @entity1 randomly assigned to the UCG of controls were given the same discharge education as the RTC intervention group that emphasized around-the-clock administration of analgesia. The UCG of controls were not requested to use the alarm intervention. Both groups documented @entity158 intensity and other symptoms daily for 3 days in a diary. All @entity1 wore an actigraphy-score wrist monitor to assess sleep during the same 3 days. Telephone interviews were conducted with the @entity1 and mothers at 24 hours and 10 to 14 days after surgery. Nonparametric statistics were used to compare differences between the two groups. @entity1 in the RTC intervention group administered significantly (p = .014) more analgesics by the second postoperative day than the UCG of controls. @entity158 intensity was moderate to severe for both groups. The mean hours of nighttime sleep for the two groups did not differ. Themes that emerged from the qualitative analysis of the interviews included painful challenges; struggling with decisions; making things work; a lengthy recovery; and family support. Results supported the need for research to establish evidenced-based home care interventions specific for T _ A postoperative recovery. Mothers and @entity1 suggested the need for education and support that extends longer into the recovery period.

title: Family exemplars during implementation of a home XXXX management intervention.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: Drug-induced @entity8032 is a tissue-specific condition and is estimated to affect approximately one million North Americans. Lesions occur principally as side-effects from @entity3174 , @entity594 , or @entity205 therapy in approximately half of the @entity1 who take these agents. Due to new indications for these drugs, their use continues to grow. Here, we review the molecular and cellular characteristics of @entity1 @entity8032 and highlight how they differ considerably as a function of the causative drug. Analyses of molecular signaling pathways in cultured @entity1 gingival fibroblasts have provided evidence for their unique aspects compared with fibroblasts from the lung and kidney. These findings provide insights into both the basis for tissue specificity and into possible therapeutic opportunities which are reviewed here. Although @entity205 -induced @entity8032 exhibit principally the presence of @entity32 and little @entity82 , @entity594 - and especially @entity3174 -induced lesions are highly fibrotic. The increased expression of markers of gingival @entity82 , particularly @entity12020 [also known as @entity12020 ( @entity12020 )], markers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and more recently periostin and members of the @entity12553 oxidase family of enzymes have been documented in @entity3174 or @entity594 lesions. Some oral @entity558 such as @entity12120 and @entity2345 , after subsequent additional genetic damage, can develop into @entity5 . Since many pathways are shared, the study of gingival @entity82 and comparisons with characteristics and molecular drivers of @entity5 would likely enhance understandings and functional roles of molecular drivers of these oral pathologies.

title: Molecular and clinical aspects of drug-induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'people']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['fibrotic conditions']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2345 :: ('MESH:D009914', 'Disease') :: ['oral submucous fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oral cancer']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['ciclosporin']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity12120 :: ('MESH:D007971', 'Disease') :: ['leukoplakia']

entities_list: @entity8032 :: ('MESH:D019214', 'Disease') :: ['gingival overgrowth lesions', 'gingival overgrowth']

entities_list: @entity12020 :: ('1490', 'Gene') :: ['CCN2', 'connective tissue growth factor', 'CTGF']

answer: @entity8032 :: (MESH:D019214,Disease) :: ['gingival overgrowth']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We describe the thin-section helical computed tomographic (CT) findings of @entity253 caused by @entity3 . METHODS: Thin-section helical CT (5 mm slice thickness, 1:1 pitch, portal phase) and direct cholangiography in 50 consecutive @entity1 with @entity253 caused by metastases were reviewed retrospectively by three radiologists. The primary sites were the stomach ( n = 36), colon ( n = 12), jejunum ( n = 1), and uterus ( n = 1). The level of @entity253 was analyzed with the Bismuth classification, and the CT findings of @entity253 were classified into six types: small (<2 cm) periductal masses, large (>/=2 cm) periductal masses, extrinsic compression by a metastatic liver mass, high-attenuation intraductal mass, intrapancreatic mass, and no demonstrable lesion. RESULTS: The level of @entity253 was the hilum in 18 @entity1 (36%), the proximal common duct in 20 (40%), the distal common duct in five (10%), and the periampullary area in seven (14%). Of 18 hilar obstructions, @entity5 involvement of the secondary confluence of intrahepatic bile ducts was seen in 10 (right in six, left in one, and bilateral in three). Periductal masses were seen in 68% (small in 18, large in 16). In one @entity1 (2%), a large metastatic mass of the liver resulted in extrinsic compression and @entity253 . Lesions mimicking primary biliary or pancreatic @entity5 were seen in four, respectively. In seven, we found no obstructing lesion on CT. CONCLUSION: @entity253 in @entity1 with known primary @entity5 can show atypical patterns mimicking primary @entity5 on thin-section helical CT.

title: XXXX : thin-section helical CT findings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary obstruction', 'Biliary obstruction']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'pancreatobiliary malignancies', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['Biliary obstruction in metastatic disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) and @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ) are common diseases with a vast number of acquired and congenital risk factors. @entity4977 are not established risk factors for @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) so far. However, in recent literature, associations between @entity1211 and the @entity209 , especially with elevated lipid parameters, have been described. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between the extension of @entity1211 and changes in the lipid profile. METHODS: We included 178 @entity1211 @entity1 in our study; 59 @entity1 had isolated @entity1151 , 39 @entity1 had isolated @entity1150 of the leg and 80 @entity1 had both ( @entity1150 and @entity1151 ). Concerning @entity1151 , we distinguished between massive and submassive @entity1151 . We evaluated plasma lipids and lipoproteins in @entity1151 and @entity1150 @entity1 as well as in massive and submassive @entity1151 @entity1 . RESULTS: @entity1151 @entity1 had higher levels of plasma @entity1674 [median (interquartile range): 162 (109-254) vs. 136.5 (96.5-162) mg/dl, p = 0.047] and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein @entity165 (HDL-C; 52.1    17.2 vs. 63.9    22.7 mg/dl, p = 0.004) than @entity1150 @entity1 . Furthermore, @entity1151 @entity1 were significantly older than @entity1150 @entity1 (59.6    16.9 vs. 52.2    15.5 years, p = 0.02). We were not able to find differences in lipid parameters in @entity1 with massive @entity1151 compared to those with submassive @entity1151 . However, @entity1 with massive @entity1151 were more @entity28 than @entity1 with submassive @entity1151 (body mass index 29.1    4.6 vs. 26.9    4.9, p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: Lipid parameters and lipoproteins differ between @entity1150 and @entity1151 @entity1 . @entity1151 @entity1 had higher @entity412 and lower HDL-C levels compared with @entity1150 @entity1 .

title: Changes in lipid metabolism and extension of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['Deep vein thrombosis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity4977 :: ('MESH:D052439', 'Disease') :: ['Disorders of the lipid metabolism']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['venous thromboembolism']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the associated factors of recurrence in @entity1 who received laser surgery for @entity8407 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinicopathologic data of @entity1 and their @entity1082 genome status were used to analyze their association with recurrence after surgery. RESULTS: Of 114 enrolled @entity1 , 90 were @entity1 and 24 were @entity1 with an average age of 49.7    12.2 years, and follow-up was 1.75 to 9.1 years (mean, 3.4    1.3 years). Recurrence after surgery occurred in 20 @entity1 (17.5%). Thirteen @entity1 had malignant transformation (11.4%). Twenty @entity1 showed positivity for @entity1082 (21.7%). Univariate analysis showed that @entity1 who did not quit smoking or chewing betel quid after surgical treatment or whose @entity8407 took the form of widespread multiple-focus lesions, nonhomogeneous @entity12120 , and higher-grade @entity1141 tended to have recurrence. Among these significant risk factors, continuous smoking after surgical treatment (odds ratio, 3.82) and widespread multiple-focus lesions (odds ratio, 4.54) were the independent prognostic factors for recurrence using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Those who did not quit chewing betel quid or smoking cigarettes were 19.8 or 9.7 times, respectively, more likely to develop recurrence than those who did quit. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that continuous smoking after surgical treatment and widespread multiple-focus lesions are the prognostic indicators for recurrence after laser surgery. Changes in oral habits can be of great importance to the outcome of laser surgery of @entity8407 .

title: Treatment outcome of XXXX with carbon dioxide laser--emphasis on the factors affecting recurrence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8407 :: ('MESH:D007972', 'Disease') :: ['oral leukoplakia', 'dysplastic oral leukoplakia']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity8407 :: (MESH:D007972,Disease) :: ['dysplastic oral leukoplakia']


abstract: To gain more insight into the relationship between foveal and peripheral @entity2516 in @entity1 , spheres, cylinders, and their axes were binocularly measured across the visual field in myopic, emmetropic, and hyperopic groups of young subjects. Both automated infrared photorefraction (the "PowerRefractor"; www. plusoptix.de) and a double-pass technique were used because the PowerRefractor provided extensive data from the central 44 deg of the visual field in a very convenient and fast way. Two-dimensional maps for the average cross cylinders and spherical equivalents, as well as for the axes of the power meridians of the cylinders, were created. A small amount of lower-field @entity1714 was detected with a significant vertical gradient in spherical equivalents. In the central visual field there was little difference among the three refractive groups. The established double-pass technique provided complementary data also from the far periphery. At 45 deg eccentricity the double-pass technique revealed relatively more hyperopic spherical equivalents in myopic subjects than in emmetropic subjects [+/-2.73 +/- 2.85 D relative to the fovea, p < 0.01 (+/- standard deviation)] and more myopic spherical equivalents in hyperopic subjects (-3.84 +/- 2.86 D relative to the fovea, p < 0.01). Owing to the pronounced peripheral @entity940 , spherical equivalents (refractions with respect to the plane of the circle of least @entity911 ) became myopic relative to the fovea in all three groups. The finding of general peripheral @entity1714 was unexpected. Its possible roles in foveal refractive development are discussed.

title: Peripheral XXXX in myopic, emmetropic, and hyperopic young subjects.

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive errors']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

answer: @entity2516 :: (MESH:D012030,Disease) :: ['refractive errors']


abstract: We have examined sera from 141 @entity1 with @entity1737 and 11 @entity1737 @entity1 with @entity704 for antibodies to a @entity1792 extract of skeletal muscle (CA-antibodies). Sera were obtained from 5 different centers. The thymus histology was defined in each case. Sera from 56/66 @entity1 (85%) with @entity704 contained CA-antibodies, while such antibodies were only detected in 6/75 (8%) of the non- @entity704 @entity1 . None of the @entity1 with @entity8792 had CA-antibodies. One MG @entity1 who developed MG after a bone-marrow transplantation, also developed CA-antibodies. The remaining 5 CA positive non- @entity704 MG @entity1 were all greater than 65 years and had thymic atrophy. Two of them had @entity1737 and @entity2760 rheumatica. In 2 @entity704 @entity1 with non-detectable levels of CA-antibodies before thymectomy, such antibodies were demonstrated in high titres after the operation. In 2 other sera from @entity704 @entity1 , the titres of CA-antibodies fell to less than 32 after thymectomy. There were 3 sera with CA-antibodies among 11 sera from non-MG @entity1 with thymic @entity5 .

title: CA-antibody: an immunological marker of thymic neoplasia in XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1792 :: ('MESH:D019343', 'Chemical') :: ['citric acid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity1737 :: ('MESH:D009157', 'Disease') :: ['myasthenia gravis', 'non-myasthenia gravis']

entities_list: @entity8792 :: ('MESH:D013952', 'Disease') :: ['thymus hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity2760 :: ('MESH:D011111', 'Disease') :: ['polymyalgia']

answer: @entity1737 :: (MESH:D009157,Disease) :: ['myasthenia gravis']


abstract: Treating older @entity101 @entity1 presents special challenges. The physiological effects of aging result in hemodynamic and pharmacokinetic changes. Geriatric @entity1 are more likely to have concomitant diseases than younger @entity1 . Treatment regimens should be individualized; monotherapy should be the goal. While most antihypertensive agents can be used, each class of drugs has advantages and disadvantages. Diuretics are both effective and inexpensive but their metabolic side effects (especially @entity1371 ) may be quite serious in the geriatric population. Sympatholytics, beta-blockers, alpha-blockers, and direct vasodilators may not be tolerated. The angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitors, @entity3371 and @entity4688 , are good choices because they have favorable hemodynamics, @entity916 and nonrenin-dependent mechanisms of action and are associated with minimal biochemical alterations. In a recent multicenter study, @entity3371 (25 mg twice daily) was given to 99 geriatric @entity1 with seated diastolic blood pressure (BP) of 92-110 mm Hg. @entity1 whose blood pressures were not controlled after two weeks of therapy were randomized to either @entity71014 ( @entity3371 , 25 mg with 15 mg @entity918 ) or @entity3371 , 50 mg twice daily. The average decrease in BP was 16.9/11.9 mm Hg; 75.8% of @entity1 responded to treatment. Black and white @entity1 had equal responses. Only five @entity1 withdrew from the study due to adverse reactions, none of which was serious. Geriatric @entity101 should be treated. Because @entity3371 and @entity71014 are well-tolerated, effective medications in elderly @entity1 with mild, moderate, or severe @entity101 , they should be considered as initial therapy for geriatric @entity101 .

title: Challenges in therapy of XXXX in the elderly.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4688 :: ('MESH:D004656', 'Chemical') :: ['enalapril']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensives', 'hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity918 :: ('MESH:D006852', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrochlorothiazide']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['captopril']

entities_list: @entity1371 :: ('MESH:D007008', 'Disease') :: ['hypokalemia']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: AIM: To investigate transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with hepatic infusion of @entity901 and @entity1487 and @entity4831 chemoembolization in large @entity157 ( @entity157 ). METHODS: In this retrospective study, 132 @entity1 with unresectable HCCs larger than 10 cm were treated with hepatic infusion of @entity901 and @entity1487 followed by @entity4831 chemoembolization. The primary endpoint was @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). Sixteen-week disease-control rate, @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ), and major complications were also studied. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors affecting @entity1349 and @entity1054 . RESULTS: A total of 319 procedures were performed in the 132 @entity1 . Eleven (8.3%) @entity1 received radical resection following TACE treatment (median time to initial TACE 4.3    2.3 mo). The median @entity1349 and @entity1054 were 10.3 and 3.0 mo respectively, with a 50.0% 16-wk disease-control rate. Major complications were encountered in 6.0% (8/132) of @entity1 following TACE and included serious @entity1087 in 1.5% (2/132) @entity1 , @entity2363 in 1.5% (2/132), and @entity1578 in 3.0% (4/132). One @entity1 died within one month due to serious @entity1578 and @entity295 after receiving the second TACE. The risk factor associated with @entity1054 was baseline @entity160 level, and vascular invasion was an independent factor related to @entity1349 . CONCLUSION: Hepatic infusion of @entity901 and @entity1487 followed by lipiodolized-chemoembolization is a safe and promising treatment for @entity1 with HCCs larger than 10 cm in diameter.

title: @entity901 and @entity1487 hepatic infusion with lipiodolized chemoembolization in large XXXX .

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['severe sepsis']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity4831 :: ('MESH:D004998', 'Chemical') :: ['Lipiodol']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'time to progression']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: In 17 @entity1 with @entity1757 and @entity120 ( @entity1757 , PH) weighing 5.2 kg to 9.5 kg, open heart surgery was conducted with bloodless priming (total priming volume: 370-470 ml). None of the @entity1 required blood transfusion during their hospital stay. The post-operative respiratory status was excellent in all cases with duration of intubation being 6 +/- 3 hours. While 12 @entity1 weighing over 6.6 kg maintained individual constant hematocrit (Hct) values during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), all 5 @entity1 weighing under 6.1 kg showed significant decrease during rewarming (17 +/- 2% after initiation of CPB to 14 +/- 2% during rewarming). The lowest Hct value was 12% during rewarming in 6.0 kg @entity1 . The pre-operative circulating blood volume (CBV) was calculated retrospectively from the priming volume, the Hct value after anesthetic induction and the Hct value after initiation of CPB. The relationship, @entity2541 (ml) = body weight (kg) x 72-13 (r = 0.85, p < 0.01) was derived. Using this equation, we calculated the predicted Hct level after initiation of CPB using the 370 ml bypass circuit in 43 @entity1757 PH @entity1 weighing 3.4 kg-5.9 kg. The Hct values were 17 +/- 2% in 13 @entity1 weighing over 5 kg with 12 (91 percent) above 15%, and 13 +/- 2% in 30 @entity1 weighing under 4 kg with 3 (11 percent) above 15%. Hct levels of 34%-36% before CPB were essential in @entity1 weighing 4.0 kg-4.9 kg for the Hct level after initiation of CPB to exceed 15%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Open heart surgery with bloodless priming for @entity1757 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['VSD', 'ventricular septal defect']

answer: @entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['pulmonary hypertension']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of radiofrequency (RF) ablation for hepatic metastases from @entity674 ( @entity674 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database was performed between February 2002 and November 2010 and identified 29 @entity1 with GISTs (18 male; age range, 35-77 y; median age, 61 y) who had undergone ultrasound-guided RF ablation for metastases detected in the liver. All @entity1 had been treated with @entity2213 . Indications for RF ablation were @entity5 progression during medical therapy or the development of drug resistance after @entity5 control. The average number of target lesions per procedure was 2.3 (range, 1-8), and mean lesion diameter was 1.3 cm (range, 0.4-3.6 cm). RESULTS: For 69 lesions among 86 hepatic metastases, RF ablation was successfully performed according to the protocol currently in use. In 17 hepatic metastases in 13 @entity1 , RF ablation was not performed because of poor lesion visibility or possible thermal damage to adjacent organs. Major complications included @entity548 at the ablation site in one @entity1 and peritoneal seeding near the ablation tract in another @entity1 . Technical effectiveness was achieved for 66 of 69 lesions (95.6%). The median follow-up period was 33.1 months (range, 12.3-108.6 mo). Four of 66 lesions (6%) showed local recurrence at 3.2-10.5 months. Four @entity1 died of disease progression. The median overall survival period was 90.2 months (range, 12.3-108.6 mo). CONCLUSIONS: RF ablation appears to be a safe and effective treatment for hepatic metastases of @entity674 when medical therapy fails.

title: Safety and Efficacy of Radiofrequency Ablation for Hepatic Metastases from Gastrointestinal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'initial tumor']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumor', 'GIST']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib mesylate']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Stromal Tumor']


abstract: Pediatric nonfunctioning @entity1636 is a very rare @entity5 . A 4-year-old @entity1 was admitted complaining of @entity490 . Physical examination revealed an abdominal mass. There were no clinical or laboratory signs of hormonal abnormality. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a polylobular mass. Intravenous pyelography showed marked compression of the kidney by a @entity5 . The @entity5 was excised together with the right kidney. The histopathological diagnosis was @entity1636 . Although there is a greater incidence of germ line @entity876 mutations with @entity1636 , the @entity5 suppressor gene @entity876 was not mutated in our case. The @entity1 died 2 months after surgery from complications of chemotherapy.

title: Nonfunctioning @entity1636 in a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1636 :: ('MESH:D018268', 'Disease') :: ['adrenocortical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['child']


abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To assess the feasibility, acceptability and potential effectiveness of Dignity Therapy to improve the quality of life and reduce @entity458 in older @entity1 with early stage @entity303 . BACKGROUND: @entity303 is a syndrome with several causes that leads to a progressive decline in multiple areas of functioning. The maintenance of dignity and enhancement of quality of life are key elements of care. Meaningful communication may become more difficult with condition progression. Improvements in communication may have positive effects on the @entity1 's quality of life. Dignity Therapy is a short psychotherapeutic intervention that uses a trained therapist to take the @entity1 with @entity303 through a guided interview process, producing a 'generativity' document that creates a lasting, written legacy during a time when they are still able to communicate well. DESIGN AND METHOD: This was a feasibility mixed method study. Dignity Therapy was undertaken with @entity1 diagnosed as having early stage @entity303 . Data were gathe-red from pre- and post-Dignity Therapy interviews, a focus group, interviews with key  stakeholders, and three outcome measures: The Herth Hope Index; The @entity1 Dignity Inventory; Perceived Quality of Life/Satisfaction with Quality Life Ratings. FINDINGS: This study demonstrated that Dignity Therapy is feasible, acceptable and potentially effective for older @entity1 with @entity303 . Three overarching themes emerged: A life in context, A key to connect and Personal legacy. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend that this feasibility study forms the basis for further study, advocating the prospective benefits to @entity1 with @entity303 , families and nursing practice. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Dignity Therapy, as a psychosocial intervention, has the potential to improve the quality of life and enhance @entity1 centred care for @entity1 with @entity303 .

title: Living well with XXXX : enhancing dignity and quality of life, using a  novel intervention, Dignity Therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient', 'person', 'people']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological and spiritual distress']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Chronic @entity490 is a common symptom of @entity29 and often persists in the absence of gut @entity32 . Although the mechanisms responsible for ongoing @entity158 are unknown, clinical and preclinical evidence suggests lumbosacral spinal cord dorsal horn neurons contribute to these symptoms. At present, we know little about the intrinsic and synaptic properties of this population of neurons in either normal or inflammed conditions. Therefore, we developed an in vivo preparation to make patch-clamp recordings from superficial dorsal horn (SDH) neurons receiving colonic inputs in na  ve male @entity19 . Recordings were made in the lumbosacral spinal cord (L6-S1) under @entity5161 anesthesia. Noxious @entity14 ( @entity14 ) was used to determine whether SDH neurons received inputs from mechanical stimulation/distension of the colon. Responses to hind paw/tail cutaneous stimulation and intrinsic and synaptic properties were also assessed, as well as action potential discharge properties. Approximately 11% of lumbosacral SDH neurons in the cohort of neurons sampled responded to @entity14 and a majority of these responses were subthreshold. Most @entity14 (80%) also responded to cutaneous stimuli, compared with <50% of @entity14 -non-responsive neurons. Furthermore, @entity14 had more hyperpolarized resting membrane potentials, larger rheobase currents, and reduced levels of excitatory drive, compared to @entity14 -non-responsive neurons. Our results demonstrate that @entity14 can be distinguished from @entity14 -non-responsive neurons by several differences in their membrane properties and excitatory synaptic inputs. We also demonstrate that SDH neurons with colonic inputs show predominately subthreshold responses to @entity14 and exhibit a high degree of viscerosomatic convergence.

title: In vivo characterization of colorectal and cutaneous inputs to lumbosacral dorsal horn neurons in the XXXX spinal cord.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRD-responsive neurons', 'CRD', 'colorectal distension']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: @entity6497 ( @entity6497 ) chicks less than 3 mo age are observed to experience a high mortality rate that is often associated with @entity1681 . This study was undertaken to investigate the infectious bacteria implicated in @entity6497 @entity1573 @entity1681 . Postmortems were performed on 122 @entity6497 chicks aged from 1 d to 3 mo and intestinal samples were subjected to bacterial culture. Bacterial isolates were typed by PCR and serotyping. @entity526 (E. coli; 49%) was the most frequently isolated from the samples followed by @entity3168 ( @entity3168 ; 20%), Enterococcus spp. (16%), and @entity5746 spp. (7%). Of the @entity526 , 39% were categorized as enteropathogenic @entity526 , 4% enterotoxigenic @entity526 , and no enterohaemorrhagic @entity526 were found. The majority (93%) of @entity3168 was Type A and only 7% was Type E. @entity3168 Types B through D were not present. The @entity39577 gene that encodes @entity39577 toxin was identified from 16% of the @entity3168 isolated. All the @entity3168 Type E harbored the @entity39577 gene and just 10% of the @entity3168 Type A had this gene. Three @entity5746 serotypes were identified: @entity5746 Muenchen (S. Muenchen; 80%), S. Hayindongo (13%), and S. Othmarschen (7%). The indication is that the cause of @entity1681 in @entity6497 chicks is bacterial-involving: enteropathogenic @entity526 and enterotoxigenic @entity526 ; C. perfringens Types A and E (with the possible influence of @entity39577 gene); and S. Muenchen, S. Hayindongo, and S. Othmarschen.

title: Bacterial enteritis in XXXX ( @entity6497 ) chicks in the Western Cape Province, South Africa.

entities_list: @entity3168 :: ('1502', 'Species') :: ['C. perfringens', 'Clostridium perfringens']

entities_list: @entity6497 :: ('8801', 'Species') :: ['Struthio camelus', 'Ostrich', 'ostrich']

entities_list: @entity5746 :: ('MESH:D012480', 'Disease') :: ['Salmonella']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

entities_list: @entity1681 :: ('MESH:D004751', 'Disease') :: ['enteritis']

answer: @entity6497 :: (8801,Species) :: ['ostrich']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inflammatory cytokines modulate immune responses in the @entity5 microenvironment during progression. The role of @entity4155 ) in @entity5 is currently under debate. This study was conducted to investigate the serum levels of @entity4155 in @entity1 with @entity788 ( @entity788 ) and the relationship with @entity5 progression and known prognostic parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-five @entity1 with @entity788 were investigated. Serum samples were obtained on first admission before treatment and follow-up. Both serum @entity4155 levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Age- and sex-matched 35 healthy controls were included in the analysis. RESULTS: The median age at diagnosis was 61  years, range 38-84  years; 21 (60  %) @entity1 were @entity1 . The @entity5 was located in the head of pancreas in 24 (69  %) @entity1 . The most common metastatic site was liver in 20 @entity1 with @entity3 (n   =   18, 90  %). The median follow-up time was 24.0  weeks (range 1.0-191.0  weeks). At the end of the observation period, 12 (34  %) @entity1 experienced disease progression and 23 @entity1 (66  %) were dead. Forty-four percent of 18 metastatic @entity1 who received palliative chemotherapy (CTx) were CTx-responsive. Median progression-free survival and overall survival of the whole group were 13.7        2.3  weeks [95  % confidence interval (CI)   =   9-18  weeks] and 48.0        12.8  weeks (95  % CI   =   23-73  weeks), respectively. The baseline serum @entity4155 levels were significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity788 than in the control group (p   =   0.001). Moreover, serum @entity4155 levels were significantly higher in the @entity1 with large pathologic @entity5 status and low albumin levels (p   =   0.04 and p   =   0.03, respectively). However, serum @entity4155 assays had no prognostic roles on outcome. CONCLUSION: Although serum levels of @entity4155 assays were found to be diagnostic value, no predictive and prognostic value was determined in @entity788 @entity1 .

title: Evaluation of Serum XXXX ( @entity4155 ) Levels as a Diagnostic Marker in @entity788 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['PA', 'pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity4155 :: (3605,Gene) :: ['Interleukin-17']


abstract: During 1979-82, a case-control study of occupational factors and @entity150 was conducted in Edmonton, Calgary, Toronto, and Kingston, Canada. A total of 826 histologically verified cases of @entity5 were individually matched by sex, age, and area of residence to 792 randomly selected population controls. Subjects were specifically asked about employment in several industries thought relevant to risk of @entity150 . Information was also obtained on lifelong occupational history, with special attention given regarding exposures to fumes, dusts, smoke, and chemicals. In addition, subjects provided data on past medical and residential history, on intake of certain dietary items, and on exposure to @entity286 and other lifestyle factors. Conditional logistic regression methods were used for the analysis. Under adjustment for cumulative lifetime cigarette consumption, it appeared that for both @entity1 and @entity1 , most of the occupational factors examined were not associated with significant alteration in risk of @entity150 . For exposures during the period eight to 28 years before diagnosis, however, raised risk was suggested for @entity1 employed at least six months in the chemicals industry (odds ratio = 2.37, p = 0.004), in dye manufacturing or the dyeing of cloth (OR = 3.62 and 4.63, p = 0.041 and 0.035, respectively), as tailors (OR = 3.85, p = 0.015), or in jobs in which contact with diesel or traffic fumes occurred (OR = 1.69, p = 0.0008). Increased risk was also seen for @entity1 occupationally exposed to tars or asphalt (OR = 3.11, p = 0.019). This study then, at least for @entity1 , supports perhaps a few of the suspect industries as related to risk of @entity150 .

title: Occupational factors and the incidence of XXXX in Canada.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer', 'urinary bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['cancer of the bladder']