abstract: OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effect of hypocaloric mixed diets with different proportions of @entity1735 , protein, and fat on resting metabolic rate and the thermic effect of food in @entity28 @entity1 . METHODS: Three mixed hypocaloric diets were consumed in random order during separate periods lasting 7 d each. Between each dietary period there was a washout period of 10 d. @entity50335 had a higher proportion of energy from @entity1735 (72%), diet 2 had a higher proportion of energy from protein (43%), and diet 3 had a higher proportion of energy from fat (68%). Indirect calorimetry and lung function tests were done after the completion of each 7-d diet. @entity28 @entity1 , ages 22 to 45 y and with body mass indexes of 32 to 59 kg/m(2), participated in the study. @entity26 consumption, @entity544 production, resting metabolic rate, and the thermic effect of food by indirect calorimetry were measured. Lung function tests included spirometry in the seated and upright positions, arterial blood gas analysis, and maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the resting metabolic rate and the thermic effect of food resulting from the three diets. The mean resting metabolic rates (kJ/d) were 7453 +/- 1446 for @entity50335 , 7461 +/- 1965 for diet 2, and 7076 +/- 2048 for diet 3. The mean thermic effects of food (kcal/min) were -0.02 +/- 0.07 for @entity50335 , -0.01 +/- 0.25 for diet 2, and 0.05 +/- 0.13 for diet 3. Lung function tests were normal before and after the hypocaloic diets: partial pressure of @entity26 (mmHg) values were 81 +/- 13, 77 +/- 8, and 78 +/- 11 for diets 1 to 3, respectively; and partial pressure of @entity544 (mmHg) were 37 +/- 4, 37 +/- 3, and 37 +/- 4 for diets 1 to 3, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Obese @entity1 with normal lung function tests and consuming mixed hypocaloric diets showed no alteration in resting metabolic rate and a reduced or absent thermic effect of food independently of the macronutrient composition.

title: Effect of hypocaloric meals with different macronutrient compositions on energy metabolism and lung function in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Seven obese', 'obese']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen', 'Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: The ability of brewing @entity375 to flocculate is an important feature for brewing of qualitatively good beer. Flocculation involves two main cell wall structures, which are the flocculation proteins (flocculins) and mannans, to which these flocculins bind. Unfortunately, in practice, the flocculation ability may get lost after several repitches. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze @entity413 and @entity3913 structures of the cell surface by application of fluorescent lectins. Validation of the expression of the flocculin genes Lg- @entity56300 , @entity56300 , @entity70845 , and @entity70846 was carried out using microarray techniques. SDS-PAGE, western blot, and ESI-MS/MS analyses served to isolate and determine @entity375 cell flocculins. @entity3913 and @entity413 labeling with fluorescent lectins allowed differentiating powdery and flocculent @entity375 cells under laboratory conditions. Using microarray techniques and proteomics, the four flocculation genes Lg- @entity56300 , @entity56300 , @entity70845 , @entity70846 , and the protein Lg- @entity56300 were identified as factors of major importance for flocculation. The expression of the genes was several times higher in flocculent @entity375 cells than in powdery ones. Flow cytometry is a fast and simple method to quantify the proportions of powdery and flocculent @entity375 cells in suspensions under defined cultivation conditions. However, differentiation under industrial conditions will require mRNA and protein expression profiling.

title: Prediction of flocculation ability of brewing XXXX inoculates by flow cytometry, proteome analysis, and mRNA profiling.

entities_list: @entity3913 :: ('MESH:D008358', 'Chemical') :: ['mannose', 'Mannose']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['yeast']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the therapeutic efficacy of allo-geneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) @entity1 with @entity28837 mutation. METHODS: Retrospective analyses were conducted for 4 @entity1 with @entity28837 mutation of @entity1860 undergoing allo-HSCT from June 2012 to January 2014, including 2 cases in acceleration phase and 2 in chronic phase. There were 2 males and 2 females with ages from 26 to 45 years. Two @entity1 received HLA-matched sibling allo-geneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT) while another 2 unrelated cord blood stem cell transplantation (UCBT). No @entity381 was found before transplantation. One case had @entity28835 mutation. All of them were treated with @entity2213 before transplantation. And the time from medication to @entity28837 mutation was 20-35 months. All of them were conditioned with myeloablative regimen and received a combination of @entity205 ( @entity870 ) and @entity618 ( @entity2098 ) for preventing @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ). RESULTS: Myeloid implantation was achieved in all of them. The time of absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >=  0.5*10(9)/L were 10-28 days. One @entity1 whose platelet was not implanted died from severe @entity358 at Day 88 post-transplantation. For 3 @entity1 , platelet >=  20*10(9)/L were 15-33 days. But the marrow short tandem repeat (STR)-PCR was 100% donor type at the time of 30 days post-transplantation in all @entity1 . One case of UCBT developed pre-implantation immune response syndrome (PES) and one acute @entity2132 of gradeI at Day 12 after allo-PBSCT. However both were controlled after treatment with @entity1667 . @entity676 /3 evaluatable @entity1 developed chronic @entity2132 . @entity1864 transcript was detected by qualitative PCR after transplantation. And all @entity1864 fusion genes turned negative after 30 days of transplantation. Up to the follow-up endpoint, there was no relapse except for one mortality. And the time of disease-free survival was 133, 248 and 704 days respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Allo-HSCT is currently the optimal treatment for @entity28837 mutation of @entity1860 . And umbilical cord blood is an ideal donor for those @entity1 without HLA-matched sibling donor.

title: [Allo-geneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in treatment with XXXX mutation of @entity1860 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine A']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infection']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'chronic myelogenous leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib']

answer: @entity28837 :: (p|SUB|T|315|I,ProteinMutation) :: ['T315I']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Acquired radioresistance has significantly compromised the efficacy of radiotherapy for @entity418 . The purpose of this study is to investigate the roles of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the Wnt/ @entity3546 signaling pathway in the acquirement of radioresistance during the radiation treatment of @entity418 . METHODS: We previously established a radioresistant cell line ( @entity1 R) from the @entity1 cell line (a @entity1 cell line model for @entity1721 ) with a gradient cumulative irradiation dose. In this study, the expression of EMT phenotypes and the Wnt/ @entity3546 signaling pathway proteins were examined by real-time PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence in the @entity1 R cells. The @entity1 R cells were then treated with a @entity3546 / @entity5907 inhibitor @entity15711 . The expressions of nuclear and cytoplasmic @entity3546 and EMT markers in @entity1 R cells were assessed at both mRNA and protein level after @entity15711 treatment. The radiosensitization effect of @entity15711 on KYSE-150R was evaluated by CCK8 analysis and a colony forming assay. DNA repair capacities was detected by the neutral comet assays. RESULTS: @entity1 R cell line displayed obvious radiation resistance and had a stable genetic ability. EMT phenotype was presented in the @entity1 R cells with decreased @entity5962 and increased snail and twist expressions. The up-regulated expressions of Wnt/ @entity3546 signaling pathway proteins ( @entity18142 , FZD1-4, @entity9459 , @entity3546 and @entity4910 ), the increased phosphorylation of @entity9459 , and the decreased phosphorylation of @entity3546 were observed in @entity1 R cells compared with @entity1 cells, implicating the activation of the Wnt pathway in @entity1 R cells. The expression of nuclear @entity3546 and nuclear translocation of @entity3546 from the cytoplasm was decreased after @entity15711 treatment. @entity15711 also reversed EMT phenotypes by increasing @entity5962 expression. The cell proliferation rates of KYSE-150R were dose-dependent and the radiation survival fraction was significantly decreased upon @entity15711 treatment. Neutral comet assays indicated that @entity15711 impairs DNA double stranded break repair in @entity1 R cells. CONCLUSIONS: Acquisition of radioresistance and EMT in @entity418 cells is associated with the activation of the Wnt/ @entity3546 pathway. EMT phenotypes can be reduced and the radiosensitivity of @entity418 cells can be enhanced by inhibiting the Wnt/ @entity3546 pathway with @entity15711 treatment.

title: @entity15711 increases the radiosensitivity and reverses epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of radioresistant XXXX cell line KYSE-150R.

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of nasal mucosa @entity82 on radiation induced @entity130 . METHODS: Seventy two male @entity35 were randomly divided into two groups, control group and irradiation injured group (radiation dose were 40 Gy); the @entity35 were killed 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 3 months and 6 months after the finish of radiation. The middle turbinates of the animals were removed. The pathological change of the nasal mucosa were observed with scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, @entity1710 and @entity1711 (HE), alcian blue-periodic acid-Schif (AB-PAS), and Masson Trichrome (MT). The Hyp content in nasal mucosa was measured with chemo-chromatometry. RESULTS: After radiation, the pathological characteristics in early stage (within 4 weeks) was acute inflammatory reaction. The repair of nasal mucosa started 4 weeks after radiation, lasted to 6 months. The deposition of collagen in nasal mucosa could be found 1 week after irradiation and increased gradually. CONCLUSION: Irradiation could induce a serials of pathological changes on nasal mucosa. The nasal mucosa @entity82 may be one of the reasons of persistent irradiation induced @entity130 .

title: [Fibrotic remodeling of nasal mucosa in XXXX model after radiation injury].

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['nasal mucosa injury']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: A new model was developed to study microcirculation in the intact heart of the anesthetized @entity35 , and the effects of roentgenography and magnetic resonance imaging contrast media were investigated. METHODS: Roentgenography contrast media (600 mg @entity1496 /kg), @entity27307 (0.25 mmol/kg), or physiological saline were injected intraarterially into anesthetized @entity35 (N = 10) whose chests had been opened in a pressurized container. The effects on arterial and venous vasomotion and microhemodynamics of the capillary network were determined in vivo by combined incidental light-fluoroscopic microscopy using continuous 35-mm cine film and video recordings from 5 minutes before until 20 minutes after injection. The amplitude and frequency spectra were evaluated according to the Prony method and by Fourier analysis. Additionally, the number of perfused vessel bifurcations were counted. RESULTS: @entity27307 exhibited no effects on microcirculation, and @entity4946 exhibited the largest ones. The deformation of the vasomotion spectrum reached 28%, and bifurcations were reduced by 21%. The effects were reversible within 10 minutes of injection. Iotrolan showed minimal disturbance. The other contrast media ( @entity16940 , @entity3990 , @entity7567 ) fell between these two extremes. CONCLUSION: High-osmolar ionic roentgenography contrast media resulted in a transient deregulation of vasomotion and in a disturbed microcirculation in the @entity35 heart. Isotonic or low-osmolar nonionic roentgenography contrast media or @entity27307 did not show this effect or showed it only to a minimal extent.

title: Changes in the microcirculation of the intact XXXX heart after iodinated and gadolinium-containing contrast media.

entities_list: @entity16940 :: ('MESH:C038192', 'Chemical') :: ['iopromide']

entities_list: @entity4946 :: ('MESH:D003973', 'Chemical') :: ['diatrizoate']

entities_list: @entity7567 :: ('MESH:D007485', 'Chemical') :: ['ioxaglate']

entities_list: @entity27307 :: ('CHEBI:35778', 'Chemical') :: ['gadopentetate', 'Gadopentetate']

entities_list: @entity3990 :: ('MESH:D007479', 'Chemical') :: ['iopamidol']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Immunological memory responses to intracellular protozoa and extracellular helminths govern host resistance and susceptibility to reinfection. @entity1 and livestock living in @entity4801 endemic regions face continuous exposure from a very early age that often leads to asymptomatic @entity281 over their entire lifespan. Fundamental immunological studies suggest that the generation of T-cell memory is driven by tightly coordinated innate and adaptive cellular immune responses rapidly triggered following initial @entity281 . A key distinguishing feature of immune memory maintenance between the majority of @entity4801 and most @entity1800 is long-term antigen persistence. Consequently, functional parasite immune memory is in a continuous, dynamic flux between activation and deactivation producing functional parasite killing or functional memory cell death. In this sense, T-cell immune memory can be regarded as " @entity2414 ." Furthermore, due to the finite capacity of memory lymphocytes to proliferate, continuous parasite antigen stimulation may exceed a threshold level at some point in the chronically infected host. This may result in suboptimal effector immune memory leading to host susceptibility to reinfection, or immune dysregulation yielding disease reactivation or immune pathology. The goal of this review is to highlight, through numerous examples, what is currently known about T-cell immune memory to parasites and to provide compelling hypotheses on the survival and maintenance of parasite " @entity2414 ." These novel concepts are discussed in the context of rationale parasite vaccine design strategies.

title: Parasites and immune responses: XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['host infection', 'chronic infection']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial or viral diseases']

entities_list: @entity4801 :: ('MESH:D010272', 'Disease') :: ['parasitic diseases', 'parasitic disease']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory illusion']

answer: @entity2414 :: (MESH:D008569,Disease) :: ['memory illusion']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Knowledge of @entity5 incidences is essential for @entity5 prevention and control programs. Capture-recapture methods have been recommended for reducing bias and increasing the accuracy of @entity5 incidence estimations. This study aimed to estimate the completeness of @entity356 registration by the capture-recapture method based on Ardabil population-based @entity5 registry data. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All new cases of @entity356 reported by three sources, pathology reports, @entity204 certificates and medical records that reported to Ardabil population-based @entity5 registry in 2006 and 2008 were enrolled in the study. The duplicate cases based on the similarity of first name, surname and fathers names were identified between sources. The estimated number of @entity356 was calculated by the log-linear method using Stata 12 software. RESULTS: A total of 857 new cases of @entity356 were reported from three sources. After removing duplicates, the reported incidence rates for the years 2006 and 2008 were 35.3 and 32.5 per 100,000 population, respectively. The estimated completeness calculated by log-linear method for these years was 36.7 and 36.0, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that none of the sources of pathology reports, @entity204 certificates and medical records individually or collectively fully cover the incident cases of @entity356 . We can obtain more accurate estimates of incidence rates using the capture-recapture method.

title: Estimating the Completeness of XXXX Registration in Ardabil/Iran by a Capture-Recapture Method using Population-Based Cancer Registry Data.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancers', 'gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Several factors predict functional status after @entity64 , but most studies have included hospitalized @entity1 with limited follow-up. We hypothesized that @entity1 with @entity385 experience functional decline over 5 years independent of recurrent @entity64 and other risk factors. METHODS: In the population-based Northern Manhattan Study, @entity1 > or =40 years of age with incident @entity385 were prospectively followed using the Barthel Index at 6 months and annually to 5 years. Baseline @entity64 severity was categorized as mild (National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale <6), moderate (6 to 13), and severe (> or =14). Follow-up was censored at death, recurrent @entity64 , or @entity583 . Generalized Estimating Equations provided ORs and 95% CIs for predictors of favorable (Barthel Index > or =95) versus unfavorable (Barthel Index <95) functional status after adjusting for demographic and medical risk factors. RESULTS: Of 525 @entity1 , mean age was 68.6+/-12.4 years, 45.5% were male, 54.7% Hispanic, 54.7% had Medicaid/no insurance, and 35.1% had moderate @entity64 . The proportion with Barthel Index > or =95 declined over time (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.84 to 0.99). Changes in Barthel Index by insurance status were confirmed by a significant interaction term (beta for interaction=-0.167, P=0.034); those with Medicaid/no insurance declined (OR, 0.84; P=0.003), whereas those with Medicare/private insurance did not (OR, 0.99; P=0.92). CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of @entity1 with functional independence after @entity64 declines annually for up to 5 years, and these effects are greatest for those with Medicaid or no health insurance. This decline is independent of age, @entity64 severity, and other predictors of functional decline and occurs even among those without recurrent @entity64 or @entity583 .

title: Long-term functional recovery after first XXXX : the Northern Manhattan Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: There is important geographic variation in the occurrence of the major @entity3604 across Europe. The aim of this study was to determine whether between-center variation in limb @entity174 rates across Europe could be explained by variation in the incidence of @entity998 . @entity1 and @entity1 , aged 50-79 years, were recruited from population-based registers in 30 European centers. Subjects were followed by postal questionnaire to ascertain the occurrence of incident @entity174 , and were also asked about the occurrence and number of recent @entity998 . Self-reported @entity174 were confirmed, where possible, by review of the radiographs, medical record, or subject interview. The age- and gender-adjusted incidence of @entity998 was calculated by center using Poisson regression. Poisson regression was also used to assess the extent to which between-center differences in the incidence of limb @entity174 could be explained by differences in the age- and gender-adjusted incidence of @entity998 at those centers. In all, 6302 @entity1 (mean age 63.9 years) and 6761 @entity1 (mean age 63.1 years) completed at least one questionnaire concerning @entity174 and @entity998 . During a median follow-up time of 3 years, 3647 @entity998 were reported by @entity1 and 4783 by @entity1 . After adjusting for age and gender, there was evidence of significant between-center differences in the occurrence of @entity998 . There was also between-center variation in the occurrence of @entity3140 , lower limb, and @entity174 . Variation in the age- and gender-adjusted center-specific fall rates explained 24%, 14%, and 6% of the between-center variation in incidence of distal forearm and upper and @entity174 , respectively. Given the constraints inherent in such an analysis, in @entity1 and @entity1 aged 50-79 years, variation in fall rates could explain a significant proportion of the between-center variation in the incidence of limb @entity174 across Europe.

title: Falls explain between-center differences in the incidence of limb XXXX across Europe.

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'lower limb fractures', 'distal forearm fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity3140 :: ('MESH:D038062', 'Disease') :: ['upper limb']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence of @entity323 ( @entity323 ) and recoverability of erectile function (EF) after anastomotic urethroplasty for traumatic urethral injuries (TUIs) of different etiologies. METHODS: A retrospective review for @entity1 ' records underwent perineal anastomotic urethroplasty for TUIs from June 1998 to January 2014 was conducted. Those @entity1 were contacted and evaluated using the International Index of erectile function questionnaire in sexually active @entity1 , and in unmarried @entity1 , the single-question self-report of @entity323 was used. @entity1 with @entity323 underwent penile color Doppler ultrasonography. RESULTS: Overall, 81 @entity1 were included in the study. The incidences of @entity323 following urethroplasty for TUIs were 72.3, 35.3 and 0  % in cases due to @entity174 , straddle and iatrogenic injuries, respectively. None of the @entity1 reported deterioration of EF after urethroplasty. Seven (13.5  %) @entity1 reported recovery of their EF within 2  years after @entity130 . The probability of recovery of EF after PFUI was 9  % compared to 28.6 and 100  % in @entity1 with straddle and iatrogenic urethral injuries, respectively. @entity1 with type C @entity174 had no chance for EF recoverability. CONCLUSIONS: PFUIs have a probability of causing @entity323 as much as 72  % compared to 35 and 0  % in @entity1 with straddle and iatrogenic urethral injuries, respectively. Anastomotic urethroplasty has no deleterious effect on EF. A tendency for higher recoverability of EF could be observed after iatrogenic urethral injuries followed by straddle injury then PFUIs. The probability of recovery decreased proportionally with severity of @entity530 .

title: XXXX post-perineal anastomotic urethroplasty for traumatic urethral injuries: analysis of incidence and possibility of recovery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic fracture']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic trauma']

answer: @entity323 :: (MESH:D007172,Disease) :: ['Erectile dysfunction']


abstract: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) provides superior information for diagnosis and treatment of pediatric @entity101 , but for reasons of practicality, clinic blood pressure measurements (CBP) are still the primary diagnostic tool. Regular @entity551 ( @entity551 ) may be an alternative to ABPM, but this technique awaits validation in practice. We analyzed the concordance of ABPM, CBP and @entity551 in 118 pediatric @entity1 (3-19 y) with @entity177 . @entity551 readings (10.5 +/- 5.4 per @entity1 ) were averaged for one week around the day of ABPM and CBP. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) measured by @entity551 (84.0 +/- 10 mm Hg) was significantly lower than both CBP (86.1 +/- 14.1 mm Hg, P< 0.05) and daytime ABPM (90.3 +/- 10.4 mm Hg, P< 0.05). @entity551 detected @entity101 @entity1 with greater specificity (82 versus 70%), but lower sensitivity (52 versus 70%) than CBP. The fraction of @entity1 rated erroneously @entity101 was 23% with CBP, but only 14% with @entity551 . The 95% limits of agreement with ABPM were narrower for @entity551 (-23 to10 mm Hg) than for CBP (-30 to 21 mm Hg). CBP, but not @entity551 measurements, were less precise in the upper BP range. The accuracy of @entity551 measurements did not change with use over a six months time period. In conclusion, @entity551 was superior to CBP in predicting ABPM, but neither CBP nor @entity551 detected @entity101 with enough sensitivity or specificity to replace ABPM. The greater specificity of @entity551 compared with CBP makes it a more suitable tool for diagnosis, rather than screening, of @entity101 in @entity1 .

title: Home, clinic, and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['HBP', 'home blood pressure measurements']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['chronic renal failure']


abstract: A three-dimensional view of ligand-receptor recognition at the atomic level is crucial to understand the molecular mechanism of receptor activation. This review describes the structure-function relationships of two receptors important for pharmaceutical science. @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) is the principal growth factor regulating the maturation, proliferation, and differentiation of the precursor cells of neutrophilic granulocytes. We have determined the crystal structure of @entity1261 complexed to the BN-BC domains, the principal ligand binding region of the @entity10735 . In a novel oligomerization scheme, the two receptor domains complex in a 2:2 ratio to the ligand, with a noncrystallographic pseudo-two-fold axis through primarily the interdomain region and secondarily the BC domain. This first structural view of a @entity37165 -type receptor-ligand complex presents a new molecular basis for @entity9730 recognition. The metabotropic @entity2227 receptors (mGluRs) are key receptors in the modulation of excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. Three different crystal structures of the extracellular ligand-binding region (LBR) of @entity9446 have been determined, in a complex with @entity2227 and in two unliganded forms. They all showed @entity1520 -linked homo-dimers, of which the "active" and "resting" conformations are modulated through the novel dimeric interface by a packed alpha-helical structure. The bilobed protomer architectures flexibly change their domain arrangements between an "open" or "closed" conformation. @entity2227 binding stabilizes both the "active" dimer and "closed" protomer in dynamic equilibrium. Four domain movements within the dimer affect the separation of the transmembrane and intracellular regions and thereby activate the receptor.

title: [Ligand recognition mechanism of XXXX and metabotropic @entity2227 receptor].

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate', 'Glutamate']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['G-CSF', 'Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity1520 :: ('CHEBI:48343', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfide']

entities_list: @entity9730 :: ('8809', 'Gene') :: ['cytokine-receptor']

answer: @entity10735 :: (1441,Gene) :: ['G-CSF receptor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: High-risk @entity521 remains one of the most important therapeutic challenges for pediatric oncologists. New agents or regimens are urgently needed to improve the treatment outcome of this fatal @entity5 . We examined the effect of @entity15152 ( @entity15152 ) inhibitors in a combination with other chemotherapeutics on a high-risk @entity521 UKF- @entity1 cell line. Treatment of UKF- @entity1 cells with DNA-damaging chemotherapeutics @entity900 or @entity2879 combined with the @entity15152 inhibitor @entity1092 ( @entity3262 ) resulted in the synergistic antitumor effect. This was associated with @entity522 -dependent induction of apoptosis. Another @entity15152 inhibitor @entity3996 and a derivative of @entity3262 that does not exhibit @entity15152 inhibitory activity, @entity2148 , lacked this effect. The synergism was only induced when @entity3262 was combined with cytostatics targeted to cellular DNA; @entity3262 does not potentiate the @entity137 of the anticancer drug @entity1891 that acts by a mechanism different from that of DNA damage. The @entity3262 -mediated sensitization of UKF- @entity1 cells to @entity900 or @entity2879 was dependent on the sequence of drug administration; the potentiating effect was only produced either by simultaneous treatment with these drugs or when the cells were pretreated with @entity900 or @entity2879 before their exposure to @entity3262 . The synergistic effects of @entity3262 with @entity900 or @entity2879 were associated with changes in the acetylation status of histones H3 and H4. The results of this study provide a rationale for clinical evaluation of the combination of @entity3262 and @entity900 or @entity2879 for treating @entity1 suffering from high-risk @entity521 .

title: The synergistic effects of DNA-damaging drugs XXXX and @entity2879 with a @entity15152 inhibitor @entity1092 in high-risk @entity521 cells.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproate']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity15152 :: ('9734', 'Gene') :: ['HDAC', 'histone deacetylase']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity3996 :: ('MESH:C012589', 'Chemical') :: ['trichostatin A']

entities_list: @entity2148 :: ('MESH:C004651', 'Chemical') :: ['valpromide']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: Two concerns, neither of which is particularly new, underlie the current reluctance to use @entity581 more broadly. First, an undeniable fact is that these compounds can be toxic, particularly in @entity1 with @entity8 or those receiving other nephrotoxic medications. Second, a more emotional concern is that widespread use of @entity581 , particularly the newer compounds that are more resistant to enzymatic inactivation, may engender widespread resistance. In fact, several sources lead one to doubt whether widespread use of potent and highly effective agents like @entity4509 will by itself increase a clinical reservoir of more resistant microbes. First, the surveillance studies undertaken in many hospitals show some modest reduction in overall @entity4028 resistance even when a drug like @entity4509 is used to supplant antecedent compounds of the same class. Second, in institutions where no official surveillance programs have been undertaken but where ongoing surveillance has been maintained, susceptibility to @entity4509 has remained constant when recent blood isolates are compared with blood isolates from more than 10 years ago. Third, in controlled clinical trials, particularly in immunocompromised @entity1 , the overall emergence of resistance has been remarkably low and contrasts rather strikingly with what has been observed in some monotherapeutic studies of @entity3405 agents. The presence of @entity4028 -resistant strains cannot be denied, but the circumstances leading to the emergence of such resistance must be carefully assessed, particularly outside of the setting in which these drugs are used as first-line therapy for critically ill @entity1 . For instance, there is substantial evidence to suggest that the topical use of @entity581 or the use of these agents when there may be environmental contamination could lead to the emergence of resistance. Before one incriminates the use of any one drug as predisposing to the emergence of resistance, one needs to have more information about the total exposure of a given bacterial population to @entity4028 therapy. The emergence of resistance to @entity581 has been associated with exposure to the more commonly used agents such as @entity801 or @entity2890 . With some of the newer @entity3405 agents, the rate of emergence of resistance, unlike that of the @entity581 , has appeared to be remarkably high. If the concern about emergence of resistance is genuine, and to maintain consistency of approaches, the @entity166 community should focus more attention on limiting or restricting the use of the more widely used @entity3405 compounds.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: XXXX resistance: a worldwide perspective.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['impaired renal function']

entities_list: @entity2890 :: ('MESH:D014031', 'Chemical') :: ['tobramycin']

entities_list: @entity3405 :: ('CHEBI:35627', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactam']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycosides']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious disease']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

answer: @entity4028 :: (CHEBI:47779,Chemical) :: ['Aminoglycoside']


abstract: The @entity68 -containing @entity224 dismutase from @entity526 is inactivated by @entity274 to a limit of approximately 90%. When corrected for the @entity274 -resistant portion, this inactivation was first order with respect to residual activity and exhibited a pseudo-first-order rate constant of 0.066 min-1 at 25 degrees C in 0.24 mM @entity274 at pH 7.8. The @entity224 dismutase activity remaining after treatment with @entity274 differed from the activity of the native enzyme with respect to heat stability, inhibition by @entity2769 , and inactivation by light in the presence of rose bengal and by @entity17643 . The native and the @entity274 -modified enzymes were indistinguishable by electrophoresis on @entity2975 gels. Inactivation of the enzyme by @entity274 was accompanied by loss of @entity2340 and some loss of @entity68 , but there was no detectable loss of @entity3793 or of other @entity1522 . @entity274 treatment caused changes in the optical spectrum of the enzyme. Inactivation of the enzyme by @entity274 depends upon the @entity68 at the active site. Thus, the apoenzyme and the @entity921 -substituted enzyme were unaffected by @entity274 . We conclude that reaction of @entity274 with the @entity68 at the active site generates a potent oxidant capable of attacking @entity2340 residues. A mechanism is proposed.

title: Effect of hydrogen peroxide on the @entity68 -containing @entity224 dismutase of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity921 :: ('MESH:D008345', 'Chemical') :: ['manganese']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity17643 :: ('MESH:D001974', 'Chemical') :: ['N-bromosuccinimide']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The growth factor neuregulin (NRG) is one of the most promising candidates in protein therapy as potential treatment for @entity583 ( @entity583 ). In the last few years, biomaterial based delivery systems, such as polymeric microparticles (MPs) made of @entity7050 and @entity968 ( @entity7050 and @entity73268 MPs), have improved the efficacy of protein therapy in preclinical studies. However, no cardiac treatment based on MPs has yet been commercialized since this is a relatively new field and total characterization of polymeric MPs remains mandatory before they reach the clinical arena. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the in vivo release, bioactivity and biodegradation of @entity7050 and @entity73268 MPs loaded with biotinylated NRG in a @entity35 model of @entity583 . The effect of PEGylation in the clearance of the particles from the cardiac tissue was also evaluated. Interestingly, MPs were detected in the cardiac tissue for up to 12weeks after administration. In vivo release analysis showed that bNRG was released in a controlled manner throughout the twelve week study. Moreover, the biological cardiomyocyte receptor ( @entity37624 ) for NRG was detected in its activated form only in those animals treated with bNRG loaded MPs. On the other hand, the PEGylation strategy was effective in diminishing phagocytosis of these MPs compared to noncoated MPs in the long term (12weeks after injection). Taking all this together, we report new evidence in favor of the use of polymeric @entity7050 and @entity73268 MPs as delivery systems for treating @entity583 , which could be soon included in clinical trials.

title: Tracking the in vivo release of bioactive NRG from XXXX and @entity73268 microparticles in infarcted hearts.

entities_list: @entity7050 :: ('MESH:C043435', 'Chemical') :: ['PLGA', 'poly(lactic co glycolic acid)']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity7050 :: (MESH:C043435,Chemical) :: ['PLGA']


abstract: Naturally occurring @entity1290 are rare in animals. The Japanese strains of spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 (SHR) are normotensive at birth but develop @entity101 , hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia as they mature. The SHR strain is prone to develop @entity1290 . A unique sub-strain of SHR has been developed in which some animals develop @entity28 concomitantly with their rising blood pressure, i.e. Obese/SHR. The Obese/SHR characteristically develop microscopic @entity1290 which become detached at an early stage of formation, migrate to the bladder, and grow by concretion into huge, rounded calculi. The stone nidus starts as a subepithelial cyst-like focus containing @entity4 , @entity1503 suspended on a delicate network of fibrils. THe nidi grow by concretion of an admixture of @entity460 and acidic protein in a lamellar arrangement. The disparate morphogenesis and anatomic location of @entity1290 in Obese is opposed to @entity28 /SHR suggest that @entity1608 formation may be governed by specific differences in genetic programming. The incidence of @entity1290 parallels the severity and chronicity of the @entity101 in SHR, @entity28 and Obese/SHR, and the Cushingoid habitus in the Obese/SHR.

title: Kidney and bladder calculi in spontaneously @entity101 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['high blood pressure', 'hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic obesity', 'non-obese']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['colloidal acidic mucoprotein, and red and white blood cells']

entities_list: @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['kidney stones']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: The immunogenicity of recombinant @entity1199 ( @entity5041 , EuroCetus, Amsterdam, Netherlands) was studied in seventy-six @entity1 receiving different subcutaneous immunotherapy regimens. @entity1 presented with progressive @entity1358 , @entity320 , @entity14 , @entity1892 , and @entity978 . An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was employed to screen @entity1 for development of non-neutralizing antibodies against @entity5041 , antibody specificity was confirmed by a standard Western blot. Neutralizing serum activity against @entity5041 was detected using a standard CTLL @entity19 proliferation assay. Additionally, serum levels of soluble @entity1199 receptors and lymphocyte subsets expressing the CD56 natural killer (NK) associated antigen were measured. In a proportion of approximately 35% to 90% of the @entity1 treated, non-neutralizing antibodies against @entity5041 could be detected after all treatment courses were evaluated. Antibodies were of the IgG, IgM, IgA and IgD subtypes. None of the 76 patients exhibited serum neutralizing activity after one treatment course. Five @entity1 exhibited neutralizing anti- @entity5041 serum activity after two or more treatment courses of systemic @entity5041 . In three of these patients, antibodies neutralized both recombinant and natural @entity1199 . @entity1 developing neutralizing anti- @entity5041 antibodies, exhibited significantly lower serum sIL-2 receptor levels upon the emergence of serum neutralizing activity than patients without antibody. Additionally, NK cell associated CD56 positivity was significantly lower in @entity1 who exhibited neutralizing anti- @entity5041 serum activity than in @entity1 who did not. A significant decrease in levels of soluble @entity1199 receptors and CD56 NK cell positivity was observed, when comparing values prior to and after onset of serum neutralizing activity against @entity5041 . However, while emergence of neutralizing antibodies to @entity5041 diminished @entity5041 induced biological activation, it did not coincide with abrogation of treatment response.

title: Immunogenicity of recombinant @entity1 XXXX : biological features and clinical relevance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['malignant melanoma']

answer: @entity1199 :: (3558,Gene) :: ['interleukin-2']


abstract: @entity378 and @entity370 share similarity in histopathologic findings and clinically occur in association with each other occasionally. @entity378 should always be ruled out before the diagnosis of @entity370 . But, the diagnosis is often complicated, especially in extrapulmonary cases. Here we present a case of bilateral @entity548 with @entity1596 . @entity2194 was initially diagnosed based on the characteristic ocular findings, negative results on chest radiography, @entity378 culture, and polymerase chain reaction of aqueous, as well as simultaneous presence of panda and lambda sign on @entity2719 -67 scans. The ocular condition improved after pars plana vitrectomy and systemic @entity134 therapy. However, @entity1906 lymphadenopathy but no recurrent @entity32 was found 6  years later. The patient received anti- @entity1906 treatment for 6  months thereafter. The eyes remained silent except @entity231 progression and @entity726 under two medications during this period. In conclusion, @entity1906 could occur coincidently or in association with @entity370 , continued follow-up is important for @entity1 with @entity2194 .

title: XXXX and @entity378 : coincidence or real association.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['ocular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['Ocular sarcoidosis', 'ocular sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['vitreous hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['Tuberculosis', 'tuberculosis']

answer: @entity2194 :: (MESH:D005128,Disease) :: ['Ocular sarcoidosis']


abstract: An ectopic origin of the coronary artery from the aorta beyond the sinotubular junction, a condition commonly referred to as 'coronary artery high take-off', has been described in @entity1 and C57BL/6 @entity19 . The present paper reports this congenital @entity453 in the @entity329 ( @entity329 ). Hearts from 14 individuals, aged 53-350 days, were examined by means of a corrosion-cast technique, scanning electron microscopy or histological and immunohistochemical techniques. In 11 hamsters, the right coronary artery was the ectopic vessel. In the other three animals there was a solitary coronary ostium in the aorta. In all cases, the ectopic coronary artery originated at an acute angle and a valve-like ridge was in front of the coronary artery ostium. The ectopic arteries examined microscopically showed an intramural trajectory within the aortic wall. In the hearts with a solitary ostium in the aorta, the left main coronary artery coursed between the aorta and the pulmonary artery. In @entity1 , all of these anomalous conditions place the individual at risk of @entity296 and @entity944 . However, none of the affected hamsters had clinical signs of disease. Intimal thickenings of increasing size with age were present in the intramural coronary artery segment of eight hamsters aged 106 days or older, examined histologically. The present findings fit with the notion that coronary arteries with acute angle take-off and an intramural course are subjected to unusual wear and tear, leading to tissue changes in the vessel wall.

title: Ectopic origin of coronary arteries from the aorta in @entity329 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity329 :: ('10036', 'Species') :: ['Syrian hamster', 'Mesocricetus auratus']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery anomaly']

answer: @entity329 :: (10036,Species) :: ['Mesocricetus auratus']


abstract: Administration of an elemental diet to @entity35 given @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ), 20 mg/kg intraperitoneally (ip), results in 100% mortality from severe @entity1964 . Previous studies indicate that @entity1160 ( @entity7647 ), which is not present in elemental diets, is the preferred oxidative substrate for the gut and may facilitate intestinal recovery after injury. This study investigated the effects of a @entity1160 -supplemented elemental diet ( @entity7647 -ED) on nutritional status, intestinal morphometry, bacterial translocation and survival in this lethal model of @entity1944 . Three experiments were performed. In the first experiment, @entity35 received an intragastric elemental diet supplemented with either 2% @entity7647 or an equivalent amount of @entity2228 (Control). After 4 days animals received either @entity1500 , 20 mg/kg ip, or saline ip and were killed 3 days later. The @entity7647 -ED resulted in significantly decreased weight loss, improved @entity1568 retention, and increased mucosal weight, protein, and DNA content of the jejunum and colon. In the second experiment @entity35 were assigned to diet as in the first experiment, but all animals received @entity1500 . Control diet animals died within 120 hrs of @entity1500 administration. The @entity7647 -ED group had significantly longer survival time and decreased mortality. In the third experiment animals were assigned to diet and @entity1500 as in the first experiment. Ninety-six hrs later aortic blood cultures revealed enteric @entity2259 in animals administered @entity1500 . @entity7647 -ED resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of @entity2259 . These experiments showed that a @entity7647 -ED significantly improved nutritional status, decreased @entity1944 , decreased bacterial translocation, and resulted in improved survival in a lethal model of @entity1964 .

title: Effect of a @entity1160 -supplemented enteral diet on XXXX -induced @entity1964 .

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal injury']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity1964 :: ('MESH:D004760', 'Disease') :: ['enterocolitis']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: The prognostic implications of several baseline preprocedural variables in @entity1 with severe native @entity472 ( @entity472 ) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are unclear. The goal of this study was to determine the impact of reduced @entity64 volume index (SVI), low gradient (LG), and reduced ejection fraction (EF) on all-cause mortality. We searched MEDLINE, CENTRAL, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus through October 13, 2014. We evaluated the association between low SVI (<35  ml/m(2)), LG (<40  mm Hg), and low EF (<50% and <30%) on 1-year all-cause mortality. We pooled results across studies using the random-effects model. We included 16 studies at moderate risk of bias enrolling 7,673 @entity1 with severe @entity472 who underwent TAVI. Low EF was associated with increased 1-year mortality after TAVI compared to preserved EF (for EF <30%, hazard ratio [HR] 1.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19 to 2.16, I(2)  = 32%; and for EF <50%, HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.31 to 1.76, I(2)  = 17%). LG was associated with increased mortality after TAVI compared to high mean gradient (>= 40  mm Hg; HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.30 to 1.97, I(2)  = 36%). Low SVI was associated with increased mortality after TAVI compared to normal SVI (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.23 to 2.05, I(2)  = 27%). In conclusion, low SVI, LG, and low EF are each associated with higher mortality after TAVI. These findings highlight the importance of including these variables into TAVI risk algorithms and will better inform shared decision-making before TAVI.

title: Meta-Analysis of the Prognostic Impact of XXXX Volume, Gradient, and Ejection Fraction After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'valve aortic stenosis']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between @entity571 ( @entity571 ) of the knee and early functional limitations in a cohort of high-functioning older @entity1 , and evaluate the contributions of muscle strength, body weight, and @entity158 severity to these limitations. Methods. Cross sectional analyses were conducted on baseline data of the @entity1 's Health and Aging Study II (WHAS II), an observational study of disability transitions in a cohort of @entity1 aged 70-79 upon entry and who were representative of the one-third highest-functioning community-resident @entity1 . Standardized questionnaires and examinations were used to assess knee @entity571 features, medication use, @entity158 severity, knee extensor muscle strength, and body weight. Functional limitation was assessed using validated performance measures and self-report measures of task modification and task difficulty. RESULTS: Sixty-nine @entity1 classified as "symptomatic" for knee @entity571 , 48 with "asymptomatic/intermittently symptomatic," knee @entity571 , and 285 with "no knee @entity571 " were included in the final analysis. Despite selection for their high level of self-reported function, performance was slower and task modification was more frequently reported among @entity1 with knee @entity571 than @entity1 without knee @entity571 . Lower knee extensor strength, higher body weight, and greater @entity158 severity were associated with knee @entity571 , and also with functional limitations. Conclusion. Knee @entity571 appeared to be associated with early functional limitations in this cohort of high-functioning, older, community-resident @entity1 . Lower knee extensor strength, higher body weight, and @entity158 severity were closely associated with these limitations. The extent to which modification of these factors attenuates knee @entity571 associated functional decline should be investigated.

title: Knee osteoarthritis compromises early mobility function: The XXXX 's Health and Aging Study II.

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'OA']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Age is an important risk factor for @entity0 , but previous data has been contradictory on whether @entity1 age at diagnosis is also related to @entity0 survival. The present study evaluates age at diagnosis as a prognostic factor for @entity0 on a large cohort of @entity1 at a single institution. METHODS: All 4,453 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity0 in Malm   University Hospital, Sweden between 1961 and 1991 were followed up on for 10  years with regards to @entity0 -specific mortality (BCSM) in different age groups. Corresponding relative risks (RR), with 95% confidence intervals, were obtained using Cox's proportional hazards analysis. All analyses were adjusted for potential confounders and stratified for axillary lymph node involvement (ALNI) and diagnostic period. RESULTS: As compared to @entity1 aged 40 to 49  years, those who were aged under 40 (RR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.88) and 80 or more years (RR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.45 to 2.25) had a statistically significant higher 10-year mortality rate. When adjusted for potential confounders, including stage at diagnosis, the associations only remained statistically significant for @entity1 aged 80  years or more. In the analyses stratified on ALNI, ALNI-negative @entity1 under 40  years had a statistically significant higher five-year mortality rate (RR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.23 to 5.70). In the analyses stratified on diagnostic period, the positive association between @entity1 aged under 40 or aged 80 or more years and high BCSM rate remained, with statistically significant results for @entity1 aged 80  years or more in all periods. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 under 40  years of age had a poor prognosis, and this association was strongest among young @entity1 with axillary lymph node negative @entity0 . An age of 80  years or more was a prognostic factor for poor survival, independent of stage at diagnosis and diagnostic period.

title: Age at diagnosis in relation to XXXX : a cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['survival following breast cancer']


abstract: There were 2385 (1236 female, 1149 male) cases of @entity706 diagnosed in Kaunas region. Forty-five cases of histologically confirmed malignant @entity6595 diagnosed throughout 1981-2000 period are discussed. The disease was diagnosed to 37 @entity1 only after surgery and to other eight by means of endoscopical investigation. Before establishing the correct diagnosis, @entity356 was supposed to 27 @entity1 , gastric @entity1066 to 12 @entity1 , gastropathia erosiva to 6 @entity1 . Histologically primary non-Hodgkin @entity6595 was diagnosed to 29 @entity1 . That consisted 78.3 per cent of all surgically treated @entity1 , 64.4 per cent of histologically confirmed cases and 1.2 per cent of all diagnosed @entity706 . @entity356 was diagnosed to 16 @entity1 . Primary lymphogranulomatosis three cases. After supposed @entity5 , three @entity1 were operated. All @entity1 were examined by X-ray, CT and endoscopy. Biopsy was taken from pathological or not pathological mucous membrane.

title: [Diagnosis of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lymphomas', 'malignant lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity6595 :: ('MESH:C535648', 'Disease') :: ['gastric lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stomach cancer']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['Gastric lymphogranulomatosis', 'gastric carcinoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['malignant lymphoma of the stomach']


abstract: @entity935 has been implicated in the control of sexual behaviour, but its role seems quite complex and controversial. The aim of the present experiments was to investigate the effects of @entity935 (DA) acting on D2 receptors in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) on sexual behaviour in female @entity742 . To achieve this, the D2 agonist, @entity11640 , was administered bilaterally via microdialysis probes into the MBH of ovariectomized ewes either before or after @entity53 (E2) administration. @entity11640 (100 ng/ml) infused for 6 h just before E2 hastened the onset of oestrus behaviour and the luteinizing hormone surge, whereas the same treatment given 6-12 h or 18-21 h after E2 decreased the intensity of sexual receptivity without affecting LH or prolactin secretion. We then tested the hypothesis that E2 stimulates the onset of oestrus partly by decreasing DA activation of D2 receptors. In this case the D2 antagonists @entity1766 or @entity11054 (100 ng/ml) were infused into the MBH via microdialysis probes for 11 h in the absence of E2 administration. A significant number of ewes showed induction of receptivity with both antagonists, although its intensity was significantly lower than that induced by E2. These treatments generally did not significantly alter extracellular concentrations of @entity1154 or @entity1522 although @entity11640 modulated the ability of sexual interactions to increase @entity1063 release. These experiments show that DA acts via D2 receptors in the MBH to control female sexual behaviour in a biphasic manner: the onset of sexual motivation and receptivity requiring an initial increase in activation followed by a decrease. This dual action could explain some of the controversies concerning DA action on sexual behaviour.

title: Biphasic role of XXXX on female sexual behaviour via D2 receptors in the mediobasal hypothalamus.

entities_list: @entity1766 :: ('MESH:D010868', 'Chemical') :: ['pimozide']

entities_list: @entity11640 :: ('MESH:D019257', 'Chemical') :: ['quinpirole', 'Quinpirole']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoacids']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine', 'Dopamine']

entities_list: @entity11054 :: ('MESH:D013134', 'Chemical') :: ['spiperone']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['oestradiol']

entities_list: @entity1154 :: ('CHEBI:25375', 'Chemical') :: ['monoamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: In @entity235 , the cervical esophagus was divided 5 cm cranial to the thoracic inlet employing a stapler. The distal esophageal stump was attached to the external surface of the @entity825 . A @entity4649 (2 1/2 revolutions) was made in a 3-cm long segment constituting the distal end of the proximal esophageal segment. This was twisted on a bias with the muscle edges approximated by interrupted stitches to cover the denuded submucosal layer. With moderate traction, this segment could be elongated to a length of 5 cm. A subcutaneous tunnel was created in the anterior chest to accommodate the reconstructed proximal esophageal segment (under slight traction), with its distal end forming a cutaneous esophagostomy. A gastrostomy was created using a Gauderer button (Bard Interventional Products, Billerica, MA) for feeding. After 3 weeks, the proximal esophageal segment was mobilized and removed from the subcutaneous tunnel. The distal esophageal segment was freed from the @entity825 and 5 to 8 cm of its proximal end was excised. The proximal (myotomized) esophagus was brought down to the stump of the remaining distal esophagus and an @entity254 formed in an end-to-end fashion. Oral feeding was reestablished within 1 week. Prolonged ingestion, observed soon after operation, gradually improved. During a period of 1 to 6 months after the operation, motility of the myotomized segment was tested by barium swallow and manometry. There was neither diverticulum formation nor @entity850 . Transit of contrast material in the myotomized segment was smooth and rapid. Manometry demonstrated preservation of motility in the myotomized segment of the esophagus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: A staged approach to long gap esophageal atresia employing a XXXX and delayed reconstruction of the esophagus: an experimental study.

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity235 :: ('9615', 'Species') :: ['beagle dogs']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity4649 :: ('MESH:C563535', 'Disease') :: ['spiral myotomy']

answer: @entity4649 :: (MESH:C563535,Disease) :: ['spiral myotomy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Regular colonoscopic surveillance for detection of @entity1141 is recommended in longstanding @entity29 ( @entity29 ), however, its sensitivity is disputed. Screening accuracy may increase by using a biomarker-based surveillance strategy. METHODS: A case-control study was performed to determine the prognostic value of DNA ploidy and @entity876 in @entity29 -related @entity5 . Cases with @entity29 -related @entity14 ( @entity14 ), detected in our surveillance program between 1985-2008, were selected and matched with two controls, for age, gender, disease characteristics, interval of follow-up, PSC, and previous surgery. Biopsies were assessed for DNA ploidy, @entity876 , grade of @entity32 and @entity5 . Progression to @entity5 was analyzed with Cox regression analysis, adjusting for potentially confounding variables. RESULTS: Adjusting for age, we found statistically significant Hazard ratios (HR) between development of @entity14 , and @entity258 (HR5.5; 95%CI 2.6-11.5), abnormal DNA ploidy ( @entity17367 .06-1.34, HR4.7; 95%CI 2.9-7.8 and DI>1.34, HR6.6; 95%CI 3.7-11.7) and @entity876 immunopositivity (HR3.0; 95%CI 1.9-4.7) over time. When adjusting for all confounders, abnormal DNA ploidy ( @entity17367 .06-1.34, HR4.7; 95%CI 2.7-7.9 and DI>1.34, HR5.0; 95%CI 2.5-10.0) and @entity876 immunopositivity (HR1.7; 95%CI 1.0-3.1) remained statistically significant predictive of @entity5 . CONCLUSION: In longstanding @entity29 , abnormal DNA ploidy and @entity876 immunopositivity are important risk factors of developing @entity14 . The yield of surveillance may potentially increase by adding these biomarkers to the routine assessment of biopsies.

title: Biomarker-based prediction of @entity29 -related XXXX : a case-control study.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low grade dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Surgery of the thyroid gland remains the main cause of bilateral @entity3746 ( @entity3746 ). Ventilation problem is the main problem in such situations. There are a couple of corrective surgical procedures in the case of @entity3746 . The aim of our study was to show the possibility of widening of the glottis, and to evaluate the techniques and effects of surgical treatments due to bilateral @entity3746 resulting from thyroid gland surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five methods of surgical treatment were used: laser-assisted posterior cordectomy, according to Denis and Kashima; laser-assisted bilateral medial arytenoidectomy, as proposed by Crumley; laser-assisted posterior ventriculocordectomy, as described by @entity8075 ; laser-assisted total arytenoidectomy with posterior cordectomy, as presented by Ossoff; and laterofixation, according to Lichtenberger. The postoperative @entity1 's subjective improvement was assessed using visual analogue scale. RESULTS: Between 1998 and 2014 we operated on 270 @entity1 with bilateral @entity3746 . Paresis occurred as the result of the iatrogenic effect of thyroid gland surgery in 255 @entity1 (94.4%) vs. 15 (7.6%) from other causes. The majority of our @entity1 (77.6%) had undergone laser arytenoidectomy with posterior partial cordectomy, and in 13.7% of them Lichtenberger laterofixation had been performed. Ossoff 's surgery gives good ventilation results: successful decannulation (62.9% after first surgery; 97.6% final rate) and significant subjective ventilation improvement in 96% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Ossoff 's laser arytenoidectomy with posterior cordectomy is a safe procedure that gives acceptable ventilation improvement. @entity1 report satisfactory quality of life and the possibility of returning to active professional life. Laterofixation should be considered as an alternative for tracheotomy rather than permanent procedure. (Endokrynol Pol 2015; 66 (5): 412-416).

title: Possibilities of surgical correction of XXXX after thyroid gland operations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3746 :: ('MESH:D014826', 'Disease') :: ['vocal cord palsy', 'VCP']

answer: @entity3746 :: (MESH:D014826,Disease) :: ['vocal cord palsy']


abstract: Following the discovery of a @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ), the classical approach consists of treatment with non-fractionated heparin (NFH) followed by oral anticoagulants. The use of NFH for this indication has only been evaluated in one open, non randomised study of 23 @entity1 with no control group. Low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) have not been the object of any study although they are routinely used by certain teams. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of the use of LMWH in the treatment of @entity1002 . This was an open, non randomised prospective study. All @entity1 having a newly diagnosed @entity1002 between September 2000 and September 2002 were treated with @entity2120 (100 IU/kg twice daily) for an average duration of 13 days; replacement with @entity35538 was started on the fifth day. The progression of the @entity1002 was followed using twice weekly transthoracic echocardiography for 3 weeks. RESULTS: 19 @entity1002 were discovered in 2 years (13 complicating an anterior @entity1188 and 6 with a @entity384 ). The average area was between 2.64 +/- 0.41 cm2 and 0.43 +/- 0.21 cm2 (p < 0.0001). Thirteen out of 19 thrombi disappeared with treatment (68.5%). There was no @entity882 or @entity548 . One transient ischaemic attack was noted. CONCLUSION: This preliminary work shows that LMWH are well tolerated and effective to make a @entity715 disappear or to reduce its size.

title: [Treatment of left intraventricular XXXX with low molecular weight heparin].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity35538 :: ('MESH:C017673', 'Chemical') :: ['fluindione']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity2120 :: ('MESH:D017984', 'Chemical') :: ['enoxaparine']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left intra ventricular thrombus', 'LIVT']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to develop and begin to evaluate a new measure of the centrality of @entity158 in @entity1 ' lives. DESIGN: The study was designed as a cross-sectional survey and cognitive interviews. SETTING: The study was set in an academic general internal medicine clinic. @entity1 : Sixty-five adult internal medicine @entity1 with chronic @entity158 (CNMP) participated in the study. OUTCOME MEASURES: We assessed content validity and clarity of the 10-item Centrality of @entity158 Scale (COPS) by soliciting feedback from @entity1118 experts and by conducting cognitive interviews with @entity1 with CNMP. We assessed internal consistency reliability using Cronbach's alpha. We assessed construct validity by comparing the COPS with other measures of @entity1118 morbidity including @entity158 severity, @entity308 , @entity148 , physical and mental health function, @entity1005 , quality of life, and provider assessment. RESULTS: Health care providers felt the COPS had excellent face validity. Cognitive interviews revealed that @entity1 ' understanding of the items matched the intended construct, the scale measured an important concept, and items were easy to understand. The COPS had excellent internal consistency (alpha = 0.9). It was negatively associated with age (r = -0.29; P = 0.02), but not with other demographic characteristics. Higher COPS scores were associated with poorer physical (r = -0.48; P < 0.001) and mental (r = -0.39; P = 0.002) health function, quality of life (r = -0.36; P = 0.004), and provider assessment of stability (r = -0.38; P = 0.004) as well as with greater @entity158 grade (r = 0.55; P < 0.001), and @entity308 (r = 0.63; P < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, age, physical and mental health function, and @entity308 were independently associated with COPS. CONCLUSIONS: The COPS has excellent internal consistency and construct validity. Additional studies are needed to further validate the scale.

title: Development and preliminary psychometric testing of the centrality of XXXX scale.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['nonmalignant pain', 'Pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: In order to find some treatments for @entity1576 caused by @entity3126 , we investigated the mechanism of @entity3126 . Previously, stimulation of sympathetic nerves caused an increase in pulmonary vascular permeability, possibly due to neuropeptide Y. Neuropeptide Y injected into the @entity825 increased lung vascular permeability dose-dependently, the ED50 of which was 0.3-1 nM. Such an effect remained even after treatment with @entity2515 , as well as in the presence of alpha- and beta-blockers. And @entity1063 enhanced the effect of neuropeptide Y on lung vascular permeability. These responses were almost similar to those obtained by stimulation of sympathetic nerves. Furthermore, neuropeptide Y, in fibrin-induced @entity3126 , was localized in alveolar macrophages and alveolar spaces, amounting to approximately 200 nM in @entity4 fluid. The value was significantly greater than that obtained in hydrostatic @entity3126 by 10-30 times. @entity1942 , an analogue of neuropeptide Y, had no action on lung vascular permeability, whereas the effect of neuropeptide Y was inhibited by pretreatment with neuropeptide Y- 13-36, an antagonist for Y3-recetor subtype. These results suggested that neuropeptide Y enhances the lung vascular permeability via Y3-recetor subtype. Neuropeptide Y- 13-36, in fibrin-induced @entity3126 , decreased a ratio of protein concentration in @entity4 fluid to that in serum, indicating that neuropeptide Y actually acts a role in the development of @entity3126 , via an increase in lung vascular permeability.

title: [Participation of neuropeptide Y Y3-receptor subtype in the increase in lung vascular permeability--for therapy of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic pulmonary edema', 'pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity2515 :: ('MESH:D012110', 'Chemical') :: ['reserpine']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Infliximab (Ifx) is effective in the treatment of @entity30 ( @entity30 ) and @entity309 ( @entity309 ), etanercept (Eta) in @entity309 but not in @entity30 . The mechanisms underlying these clinical differences are not fully understood, but this knowledge could be valuable to identify responders and develop new treatments. This study compares Eta and Ifx in vitro regarding transmembrane @entity5 @entity39 factor alpha (tmb- @entity310 ) expression and @entity379 ( @entity379 ), @entity310 and @entity2841 ( @entity2841 ) production in intestinal T lymphocytes. METHODS: T lymphocyte cultures were established from biopsies from 10 @entity30 @entity1 and three healthy controls. The cytokine production and the expression of tmb- @entity310 were measured in the presence of Ifx/Eta. RESULTS: Eta and Ifx downregulated the production of @entity379 and @entity2841 in colonic T lymphocytes from @entity30 @entity1 and healthy controls. Both drugs bound tmb- @entity310 on activated T lymphocytes besides neutralising @entity310 , Eta less efficiently than Ifx (406 pg/ml (337-475); 133 pg/ml (119-147); p=0.004). @entity310 was detectable with the present assay in cell lines cultured in the presence of excess Eta. CONCLUSIONS: We have established that Eta is just as efficient as Ifx in downregulating @entity379 and @entity2841 production in vitro and Eta bound to tmb- @entity310 . However, Eta bound the @entity310 molecule, important in @entity30 , less efficiently than Ifx.

title: The effect of etanercept and infliximab on the production of @entity5 @entity39 factor alpha, @entity379 and XXXX in in vivo activated intestinal T lymphocyte cultures.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor', 'GM-CSF']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['interferon-gamma', 'IFN-gamma']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity2841 :: (1437,Gene) :: ['GM-CSF']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) has the highest mortality rates of all subtypes. @entity5948 and @entity3907 regimens yield unsatisfactorily low rates of pathologic complete response (pCR) and are often not feasible in cardiac comorbidity. This study seeks to increase pCR and survival by introducing platin agents. @entity1 AND METHODS: In this multicentric, open-label study with six cycles of @entity1205 (75mg/m(2)) and @entity3003 AUC 6 q3w, @entity1 were unwilling or unsuitable for @entity5948 -based regimens. Primary endpoint was pCR (ypT0/ypTis ypN0) and survival. RESULTS: pCR rate was 50%. After 2 and 5years, overall survival (OS) was 96.7 and 89.7%, disease-free-survival (DFS) 96.7 and 85.7%, DDFS 96.7 and 89.6%. Grade 3/4 @entity137 were rare. Ninety-three per cent of @entity1 completed six cycles. No @entity137 -related treatment discontinuation or febrile neutropaenia was recorded. CONCLUSION: This regimen is highly effective and feasible in @entity0 and may be combined with @entity8253 .

title: Neoadjuvant, @entity5948 -free chemotherapy with @entity3003 and @entity1205 in triple-negative, XXXX : a multicentric analysis of rates of pathologic complete response and survival.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['TNBC', 'Triple-negative breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity8253 :: ('MESH:D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracyclines']

entities_list: @entity5948 :: ('D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['Anthracycline', 'anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['early-stage breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To review the current literature pertaining to the cardiovascular adaptations to exercise and the impact on the physical examination, the electrocardiogram, and the echocardiogram, and to distinguish those physiologic changes from pathologic conditions associated with @entity1164 in athletes. DATA SYNTHESIS: Specific cardiovascular adaptations occur in response to regular physical exercise. The extent of these changes depend on the type and duration of exercise as well as the gender of the athlete. These cardiac adaptations are morphologically different from those conditions associated with @entity1164 . In the athlete younger than 35 years, @entity1121 is the most common @entity299 associated with @entity944 . Right @entity67 , idiopathic @entity4346 , @entity301 , @entity731 , and @entity1614 compose the majority of the remaining causes of @entity1164 in athletes. In the athlete older than 35 years, @entity453 is the leading cause of @entity944 followed by those conditions responsible for @entity944 in the younger athlete. Despite this, regular exercise before or following a @entity583 provides a protective effect with respect to overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and fatal reinfarction rates. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular adaptation to regular physical exercise leads to morphologic changes in the myocardium that influence the cardiac examination, the electrocardiogram, and the echocardiogram. Knowledge and recognition of those changes can allow the clinician to distinguish normal physiologic changes from @entity299 . Proper detection of athletes at high risk for @entity1164 and abstention from vigorous physical activity in these athletes may prevent @entity944 .

title: XXXX and the ' @entity299 '.

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary anomalies']

entities_list: @entity1614 :: ('MESH:D008382', 'Disease') :: ['Marfan syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac condition', 'cardiac abnormality']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['premature atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity1164 :: (MESH:D016757,Disease) :: ['Sudden cardiac death']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate sclerotherapy with @entity167 and @entity2929 in the management of simple @entity42 . METHODS: Twenty-four simple @entity42 were subjected to sclerotherapy with @entity167 and @entity2929 . All procedures were performed under local anesthesia and in an outpatient setting. Cytological examination was carried out in all cases and two @entity1 were excluded from the study because of suspicious cytological results. The @entity1 were followed up monthly with color Doppler sonography for more than 12 months. RESULTS: Cyst fluid was serous in 17 cases and dark- @entity6353 colored in seven cases. The volume of aspirated fluid ranged from 100 to 220 ml. The size of ovarian masses and cyst-wall thickness ranged from 5.5 to 8.5 cm and 1.5 to 5 mm, respectively. Cytological analysis of 15 cysts revealed acellular sediment, seven cysts were compatible with @entity46 , and two were reported as suspicious. During the 12-month follow-up, seven cyst recurrences were detected. CONCLUSION: Aspiration and sclerotherapy with @entity167 and @entity2929 are followed by a relatively high recurrence rate when the aspirate is bloody. However, @entity1 with a simple cyst that is @entity158 or liable to torsion could benefit from sclerotherapy. Such @entity1 , who are at low risk for @entity5 , are relieved with sclerotherapy while avoiding surgery.

title: Management of non-neoplastic XXXX with sclerotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity2929 :: ('MESH:D004917', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin']

entities_list: @entity42 :: ('MESH:D010048', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cysts']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometrioma']

answer: @entity42 :: (MESH:D010048,Disease) :: ['ovarian cysts']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity146 is a complex, genetically-based quantitative trait that serves as a key defense mechanism against parasites and diseases in @entity5157 . Yet, the genomic basis and functional pathways involved in the initiation of this behavior are still unclear. Deciphering the genomic basis of @entity146 is a prerequisite to developing an extensive repertoire of genetic markers associated to the performance level of this quantitative trait. To fill this knowledge gap, we performed an RNA-seq on brain samples of 25 @entity5157 per hives from five @entity10281 and three @entity110 . RESULTS: This analysis revealed that a limited number of functional genes are involved in @entity5157 @entity146 . The genes identified, and especially their location in the @entity5157 genome, are consistent with previous findings. Indeed, the genomic sequences of most differentially expressed genes were found on the majority of the QTL regions associated to the @entity146 described in previous studies. According to the Gene Ontology annotation, 15 genes are linked to the GO-terms DNA or @entity4334 binding, indicating a possible role of these genes in transcription regulation. Furthermore, GO-category enrichment analysis revealed that electron carrier activity is over-represented, involving only genes belonging to the cytochrome P450. Cytochrome P450 enzymes' overexpression can be explained by a disturbance in the regulation of expression induced by changes in transcription regulation or sensitivity to xenobiotics. Over-expressed cytochrome P450 enzymes could potentially degrade the odorant pheromones or chemicals that normally signal the presence of a diseased brood before activation of the removal process thereby inhibit @entity146 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings improve our understanding on the genetics basis of the @entity146 . Our results show that @entity146 relies on a limited set of genes linked to different regulation patterns (expression level and biological processes) associated with an over-expression of cytochrome P450 genes.

title: Differential gene expression between @entity10281 and non- XXXX @entity5157 ( @entity5157 L.) hives.

entities_list: @entity5157 :: ('7460', 'Species') :: ['honeybee', 'Apis mellifera', 'honeybees']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['hygienic behavior', 'Hygienic behavior']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['non-hygienic hives']

answer: @entity10281 :: (MESH:D020920,Disease) :: ['hygienic']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Detailed morphometric analysis of the neonatal brain is required to characterise brain development and define neuroimaging biomarkers related to impaired brain growth. Accurate @entity75 MRI is a prerequisite to analyse large datasets. We have previously presented an accurate and robust automatic segmentation technique for parcellating the neonatal brain into multiple cortical and subcortical regions. In this study, we further extend our segmentation method to detect cortical sulci and provide a detailed delineation of the cortical ribbon. These detailed segmentations are used to build a 4-dimensional spatio-temporal structural atlas of the brain for 82 cortical and subcortical structures throughout this developmental period. We employ the algorithm to segment an extensive database of 420 MR images of the developing brain, from 27 to 45weeks post-menstrual age at imaging. Regional volumetric and cortical surface measurements are derived and used to investigate brain growth and development during this critical period and to assess the impact of @entity44 at birth. Whole brain volume, the absolute volume of all structures studied, cortical curvature and cortical surface area increased with increasing age at scan. Relative volumes of cortical grey matter, cerebellum and cerebrospinal fluid increased with age at scan, while relative volumes of white matter, ventricles, brainstem and basal ganglia and thalami decreased. Preterm @entity1 at term had smaller whole brain volumes, reduced regional white matter and cortical and subcortical grey matter volumes, and reduced cortical surface area compared with term born controls, while ventricular volume was greater in the preterm group. Increasing @entity3465 at birth was associated with a @entity62 , cortical and subcortical grey matter volume, an increase in ventricular volume, and reduced cortical surface area.

title: Regional growth and atlasing of the developing XXXX brain.

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['prematurity']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['automatic segmentation of neonatal brain']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in total and regional white matter']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['immaturity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: One of the key issues in successful pancreas transplantation is uncomplicated drainage of pancreas exocrine secretion. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to present results of side-to-side high duodeno-jejunal @entity254 as routine method of enteric drainage in simultaneous pancreas kidney transplantation (SPK). METHODS: 30 @entity6 @entity1 underwent SPK at the Department of Surgery, Ruhr University Bochum in 2001. The pancreas was drained using a portion of duodenal segment anastomosed to the first loop of jejunum about 20-40 cm distal to the Treitz ligament. RESULTS: Early relaparotomy was required in 20% @entity1 . The mean time of first relaparotomy was 5.5 (range 1-11) days after transplantation. In 10% of cases graft pancreatectomy was necessary. Perioperative mortality was 3.3%. Currently 83.3% @entity1 are insulin-free and 86.6% @entity1 are free of dialysis. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest, that side-to-side high duodeno-jejunal @entity254 is a safe method of drainage of pancreas exocrine secretion in SPK.

title: High duodeno-jejunal XXXX as a safe method of enteric drainage in simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation.

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: The series of events that occurs immediately after pathogen entrance into the body is largely speculative. Key aspects of these events are pathogen dissemination and pathogen interactions with the immune response as the invader moves into deeper tissues. We sought to define major events that occur early during @entity281 of a highly virulent pathogen. To this end, we tracked early dissemination of @entity12502 , a highly pathogenic bacterium that causes @entity1407 in mammals. Specifically, we addressed two fundamental questions: (1) do the bacteria encounter barriers in disseminating to draining @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ), and (2) what mechanism does this nonmotile bacterium use to reach the @entity1600 compartment, as the prevailing model predicts trafficking in association with host cells. Infection was followed through microscopy imaging in addition to assessing bacterial population dynamics during dissemination from the skin. We found and characterized an unexpected bottleneck that severely restricts bacterial dissemination to LNs. The bacteria that do not pass through this bottleneck are confined to the skin, where large numbers of neutrophils arrive and efficiently control bacterial proliferation. Notably, bottleneck formation is route dependent, as it is abrogated after subcutaneous inoculation. Using a combination of approaches, including microscopy imaging, we tested the prevailing model of bacterial dissemination from the skin into LNs and found no evidence of involvement of migrating phagocytes in dissemination. Thus, early stages of @entity281 are defined by a bottleneck that restricts bacterial dissemination and by neutrophil-dependent control of bacterial proliferation in the skin. Furthermore, and as opposed to current models, our data indicate an intracellular stage is not required by @entity12502 to disseminate from the skin to draining LNs. Because our findings address events that occur during early encounters of pathogen with the immune response, this work can inform efforts to prevent or control @entity281 .

title: Dissemination of a highly virulent pathogen: tracking the early events that define XXXX .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['LN', 'lymph nodes']

entities_list: @entity12502 :: ('632', 'Species') :: ['Yersinia pestis', 'Y. pestis']

entities_list: @entity1407 :: ('MESH:D010930', 'Disease') :: ['bubonic plague']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: Unicompartmental knee replacement is an attractive concept that offers several potential advantages over bicompartmental or tricompartmental replacement, including preservation of bone stock, of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments, of the patellofemoral joint, and of the normal opposite compartment. Of our first 100 consecutive knees that had unicompartmental arthroplasty for @entity571 and were followed for two to six years (average, three and one-half years), eighty-eight were medial and twelve were lateral replacements. The ages of the @entity1 at the time of operation ranged from forty-six to eighty-five years, with an average age of seventy-one years. At follow-up, @entity158 relief was good to excellent in 92 per cent of the knees. The average amount of flexion was 114 degrees (range, 90 to 140 degrees); one-half of the knees had at least 120 degrees of flexion. The average flexion contracture was 1 degree. There were no infections and no peroneal palsies. At the time of writing, three failures had required revision. Radiolucent lines at the bone-cement interface were present around 8 per cent of the femoral components and 27 per cent of the tibial components. Two femoral components subsided in @entity28 @entity1 . There was no tibial loosening in the series. The most common complications, per anserinus @entity2585 , occurred in 12 per cent of the knees and was treated satisfactorily by injection of local anesthetics and @entity230 . Surgical technique must be precise to prevent subluxation of the tibia on the femur due to either improper positioning of the components or too tight a fit (too much pressure) between them. We view unicompartmental replacement as an attractive alternative for the treatment of unicompartmental @entity571 in elderly @entity1 . However, we are strong advocates of proximal tibial osteotomy for unicompartmental @entity571 associated with a @entity85 in selected @entity1 .

title: Unicondylar unicompartmental replacement for XXXX of the knee.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['varus deformity']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: An in vitro ultrasonographic study was carried out to four @entity691 membranes of different thicknesses and on four normal surgical specimens from the rectal wall, to assess its various layers and their anatomical structure. Three different techniques were used, and an electronic equipment measured the thickness of the membranes and of the surgical specimens. @entity691 membranes less than 1000 microns thick gave linear echoes; the 1000-microns-thick membrane gave a three-layer image--two hyperechogenic layers separated by a hypoechogenic one. The rectal wall was @entity5932 (in the extraperitoneal rectum); their thickness ranged from 900 to 1000 microns and from 1500 to 8000 microns, respectively. Even though the @entity5932 propria each gave a three-layer ultrasonographic image ( @entity2915 ), the resulting image of the entire rectal wall was of five layers ( @entity2915 ). Transrectal scan carried out on 20 control @entity1 confirmed the results obtained in vitro, even though at times it was difficult to detect clearly the fifth layer. Interpretation of the five layers was as follows: the second and fourth corresponded to the @entity5932 , respectively; the first, third, and fifth were considered to reflect interfaces originating from different acoustic impedance structures. The fourth layer was always thicker than the second one. There was no difference between intra- and extra-peritoneal images. A further study carried out on nine @entity1 with @entity5 by transrectal ultrasonography proved the reliability of this method in assessing the cancer infiltration of the wall and its importance in the preoperative staging of @entity5 .

title: Transrectal ultrasonography: interpretation of normal intestinal wall structure for the preoperative staging of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['Polyethylene', 'polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity5932 :: ('MESH:C565008', 'Disease') :: ['mucosa-submucosa, the muscularis propria-serosa, and the muscularis', 'mucosa-submucosa and muscularis propria', 'separated into the mucosa-submucosa and the muscularis propria-serosa or muscularis propria']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyper-hypo-hyper-hypo-hyper', 'hyper-hypo-hyper']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']