abstract: AIM: The aim of this retrospective analysis was to exclusively present the surgical results of @entity1 with @entity420 of the esophagogastric junction thereby providing a basis for comparison with other approaches. METHODS: 56 @entity1 with @entity189 and 74 @entity1 with @entity5 were operated on and evaluated. The surgical procedure for @entity34 was identical: total gastrectomy, omentectomy and splenectomy with lymph node dissection after a combined left thoraco-abdominal incision. Both @entity5 entities were summarized into 1 group and compared with the results of surgery for @entity189 : subtotal esophagectomy and proximal stomach resection with lymph node dissection after right thoracotomy and an additional abdominal incision. RESULTS: In 93% of all @entity1 an R0 resection was possible. In @entity1 with Barrett's @entity189 (41%) were the predominant postoperative problems. The 30-day lethality (5.3%) was higher in the group of @entity1 with @entity189 compared to those with @entity34 (1.4%). Tumor infiltration and nodal involvement determined the prognosis after R0 resection. The presence of Barrett's mucosa in type-I @entity420 and the histological assessment according to Lauren's classification into @entity34 also influenced the long-term prognosis. CONCLUSION: After R0 resection it is not the @entity5 location but @entity5 infiltration, lymph node status and a differentiated histological assessment that determine the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity420 of the esophagogastric junction.

title: Results of surgical therapy of XXXX of the esophagogastric junction according to a standardized surgical resection technique.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cardial and subcardial tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ["Barrett's carcinomas", 'type-I carcinomas', 'carcinomas pulmonal complications']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas', 'type-I-III adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['type-II/III carcinomas']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinomas']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the @entity158 , @entity148 , undesired movement, and cooperation between @entity1 receiving oral @entity3175 or intravenous (IV) @entity1363 for conscious sedation during @entity231 surgery under topical anesthesia. SETTING: Ambulatory surgical center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. DESIGN: Prospective randomized controlled trial. METHODS: @entity1 having first-time @entity231 extraction with topical anesthesia were randomized to receive sedation with oral @entity3175 30  minutes before surgery or IV @entity1363 immediately preceding surgery. The outcomes of @entity158 , @entity148 , undesired movement, and poor cooperation were observed by the surgeon and recorded during surgery. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-six @entity231 surgeries were included, 83 in the IV @entity1363 group and 73 in the oral @entity3175 group. Twenty-four @entity1 (29%) in the IV group and 7 @entity1 (10%) in the oral group showed undesired movement (P  <  .02). Seven @entity1 (8%) in the IV group and 2 @entity1 (3%) in the oral group showed poor cooperation (P >  .05). Fifteen @entity1 (18%) in the IV  group and 9 @entity1 (12%) in the oral group had @entity148 (P >  .05). Three @entity1 (4%) in the  IV group and 3 @entity1 (4%) in the oral group experienced @entity158 (P >  .05). CONCLUSIONS: Fewer @entity1 receiving oral @entity3175 30  minutes before @entity231 surgery than @entity1 receiving IV @entity1363 immediately preceding surgery showed undesired movement during surgery. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of @entity1 showing poor cooperation or experiencing @entity158 or @entity148 between the 2 groups. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

title: Oral @entity3175 versus intravenous XXXX for conscious sedation during @entity231 surgery performed using topical anesthesia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'intraoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

answer: @entity1363 :: (MESH:D008874,Chemical) :: ['midazolam']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Invasive @entity14 is associated with poor prognosis requiring treatment with systemic chemotherapies usually including @entity1487 . A consequence of prolonged treatment is the acquisition of resistance eventually resulting in the recurrence of highly metastatic @entity5 cells. To address the relationship between drug resistance and increased lymphatic metastatic potential, we used a 3D co-culture model of @entity5 cell spheroids of parent CCL227 cells and subclones with gradually increasing resistance against @entity1487 . From each investigated cell line, homogeneous @entity5 spheroids were generated in the presence of methylcellulose yielding emboli of    700   m diameter. When invasive, @entity5 spheroids disrupt the continuous lymphendothelial cell (LEC) layer and generate a "circular chemorepellent induced defect" ( @entity600 ), reminiscent of the entry gates through which @entity5 emboli intravasate lymphatic vasculature. Here we provide evidence that increasingly chemoresistant @entity694 spheroids were strongly associated with enhanced intravasative properties. In na  ve CCL227 spheroids, miR-200 family members were released into exosomes thereby repressing the epithelial to mesenchymal transition-regulating transcription factors @entity18075 and @entity19099 in LEC. As a consequence of attenuated plasticity and migration of LEC, @entity600 formation was impaired. Loss of exosomal transferred @entity18076 in resistant colon cells rendered LEC more susceptible to pro-migratory signals that were generated and directly transmitted by @entity694 spheroids. This observation indicates a common molecular axis in @entity694 and LEC where miR-200 family members act as regulators of ZEB proteins. The data support the notion that horizontal miR-200 signalling prevents the permeation of cells into adjacent epithelia and contributes to organ integrity.

title: Loss of miR-200 family in XXXX resistant @entity694 drives lymphendothelial invasiveness in vitro.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'colon tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: Elevated plasma @entity4090 and mild hypocortisolemia have been observed in @entity1 with @entity627 . This study was designed to assess the potential inhibitory effect of @entity4089 on @entity1636 . @entity4053 was induced by intravenous insulin injection (0.1 IU/kg) in 10 female volunteers of fertile age during their follicular phase twice: 60 min after either @entity2211 (10 mg orally) or placebo administration. Blood samples were collected from an indwelling catheter inserted into the cubital vein at -60, 0, 30, 45, 60 and 90 min. The concentrations of @entity4090 , @entity4545 ( @entity4545 ), @entity701 , @entity1425 , @entity1063 and @entity413 were measured in plasma. @entity2211 administration significantly increased plasma @entity4090 concentrations (71 +/- 11 ng/ml vs. 14 +/- 6 ng/ml; p <0.001), while basal plasma concentrations of @entity4545 , @entity701 , @entity1063 and @entity1425 were unaffected. Insulin-induced @entity4053 resulted in a significant rise in the mean plasma @entity4545 levels from 10 +/- 1 pg/ml ( @entity2211 ) and 11 +/- 1 pg/ml (controls) to 148 +/- 19 pg/ml ( @entity2211 ) and 139 +/- 12 pg/ml (controls) at 45 min (p < 0.001), in plasma @entity701 from 407 +/- 62 nmol/l ( @entity2211 ) and 391 +/- 42 nmol/l (controls) to 925 +/- 60 nmol/l ( @entity2211 ) and 810 +/- 52 nmol/l (controls) at 60 min (p < 0.001), and in plasma @entity1425 from 40 +/- 26 pg/ml ( @entity2211 ) and 16 +/- 3 pg/ml (controls) to 274 +/- 55 pg/ml ( @entity2211 ) and 352 +/- 61 pg/ml (controls) at 30 min; (p < 0.001). The significant increase in @entity4545 , @entity701 and @entity1425 responses to @entity4053 was similar in both groups. We observed mild @entity1063 response to @entity4053 but this was irrespective of the medication. In conclusion, pharmacologically-induced @entity4089 did not induce significant changes of @entity1636 and did not influence sympathoadrenal activity in healthy young @entity1 .

title: @entity4089 does not influence @entity1636 during XXXX in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4089 :: ('MESH:D006966', 'Disease') :: ['hyperprolactinemia']

entities_list: @entity4545 :: ('5443', 'Gene') :: ['ACTH', 'adrenocorticotropic hormone']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic disorders']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoglycemia', 'hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity1636 :: ('MESH:D018268', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical function']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity2211 :: ('MESH:D004294', 'Chemical') :: ['domperidone', 'Domperidone']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity4053 :: (MESH:D007003,Disease) :: ['hypoglycemia']


abstract: Common genetic variation @entity16209 in the @entity533 ( @entity533 ) gene has been considered to be implicated in the development of many @entity5 . Nevertheless, results from the related studies were inconsistent. To elucidate the association, we performed a meta-analysis for 8,112 cases and 10,037 controls from 32 published case-control studies. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the association by STATA 12.0 software. Overall, we revealed that the @entity533 -192R allele was associated with a reduced risk of the @entity5 . Moreover, in the stratified analysis by @entity5 types ( @entity0 , @entity263 , @entity1313 etc.), the results showed that @entity533 -192R allele was associated with a decreased risk in @entity0 (R vs Q: OR=0.605, 95% CI=0.378-0.967, Pheterogeneity=0.000; RR vs QQ: OR=0.494, 95% CI=0.275-0.888, Pheterogeneity=0.002; RQ vs QQ: OR=0.465, 95% CI=0.259-0.835, Pheterogeneity=0.000; and RR+RQ vs QQ: OR=0.485, 95% CI=0.274-0.857, Pheterogeneity=0.000), and associated with @entity263 in homozygote (RR vs QQ: OR=0.475, 95% CI=0.251- 0.897, Pheterogeneity=0.001) and recessive models (RR vs RQ+QQ: OR=0.379, 95% CI=0.169-0.853, Pheterogeneity=0.000), while an increased risk was identified in @entity706 (R vs Q: OR=1.537, 95% CI=1.246-1.896, Pheterogeneity=0.944; RR vs QQ: OR=2.987, 95% CI=1.861-4.795, Pheterogeneity=0.350; RR+RQ vs QQ: OR=1.354, 95% CI=1.021-1.796, Pheterogeneity=0.824; and RR vs RQ+QQ: OR=2.934, 95% CI=1.869-4.605, Pheterogeneity=0.433), and an increased risk in @entity263 under heterozygote comparison (RQ vs QQ: OR=1.782, 95% CI=1.077-2.950, Pheterogeneity=0.000) and dominant models (RR+RQ vs QQ: OR=1.281, 95% CI=1.044-1.573, Pheterogeneity=0.056). When subgroup analysis that performed by the control source (hospital based or population based), a decreased risk of the @entity5 was revealed by homozygote (RR vs QQ: OR=0.601, 95% CI=0.366-0.987, Pheterogeneity=0.000) and dominant models (RR vs RQ+QQ: OR= 0.611, 95% CI=0.384-0.973, Pheterogeneity=0.000) in hospital based group. Stratifying by ethnicity, a significantly reduced risk of the @entity5 under allele contrast model (R vs Q: OR=0.788, 95% CI=0.626-0.993, Pheterogeneity=0.000) was uncovered in Caucasian. In summary, these findings suggested that @entity533 @entity16209 polymorphism was associated with a reduced risk of the @entity5 , nevertheless, it might increase @entity5 susceptibility of prostate and @entity706 risk. Large well-designed epidemiological studies will be continued on this issue of interest.

title: XXXX ( @entity533 ) @entity16209 Gene Polymorphism and Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis Based on 30 Publications.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'overall cancers']

answer: @entity533 :: (5444,Gene) :: ['Paraoxonase 1']


abstract: @entity73276 ( @entity435 ) was given po to male and female Fischer 344 @entity35 at dose levels of 10, 25, 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg, five times a week for a period of 2 weeks. Control animals received distilled water. All animals given intermediate dose levels (10, 25, 75, and 150 mg/kg) and one half of the animals which were dosed at the high dose (300 mg/kg) as well as one half of the controls were terminated 14 days after administration of the first dose. The remaining @entity35 received no treatment for an additional 14 days and were sacrificed on Day 28 of the study (recovery phase). Dose-related decreases in erythrocyte number, hemoglobin, and hematocrit, with an accompanying increase in reticulocytes and circulating nucleated erythrocytes, were observed in both sexes at Day 14. Methemoglobin levels, determined only at the high dose, were elevated in both sexes at this time. @entity381 and @entity382 were observed in both sexes at 14 and 28 days. Histopathological examination of the spleen and bone marrow revealed dose-related @entity1373 at 14 days which subsided by Day 28. The above effects were more pronounced in males. Erythrocyte numbers were only slightly depressed and reticulocytes mildly elevated in males at Day 28. Hematological values were not statistically different from controls in females at this time. These results suggest that @entity435 induces oxidative damage to the erythrocyte, resulting in a @entity5714 accompanied by increased erythropoiesis. The toxic effects appear reversible upon cessation of exposure.

title: Toxicity of @entity73276 . I. Hematotoxicity following subacute exposure in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity73276 :: ('MESH:C044686', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclohexanone oxime']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['erythroid hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['Splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity5714 :: ('MESH:D000743', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic anemia']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Flies achieve supreme flight maneuverability through a small set of miniscule steering muscles attached to the wing base. The fast flight maneuvers arise from precisely timed activation of the steering muscles and the resulting subtle modulation of the wing @entity64 . In addition, slower modulation of wing kinematics arises from changes in the activity of indirect flight muscles in the thorax. We investigated if these modulations can be described as a superposition of a limited number of @entity64 that are under independent physiological control. Using a high-speed computer vision system, we recorded the wing motion of tethered flying @entity238 for up to 12 000 consecutive wing strokes at a sampling rate of 6250 Hz. We then decomposed the joint motion pattern of both wings into components that had the minimal mutual information (a measure of statistical dependence). In 100 flight segments measured from 10 individual flies, we identified 7 distinct types of frequently occurring least-dependent components, each defining a kinematic pattern (a specific deformation of the wing @entity64 and the sequence of its activation from cycle to cycle). Two of these @entity64 can be associated with the control of yaw torque and total flight force, respectively. A third deformation involves a change in the downstroke-to-upstroke duration ratio, which is expected to alter the pitch torque. A fourth kinematic pattern consists in the alteration of @entity64 amplitude with a period of 2 wingbeat cycles, extending for dozens of cycles. Our analysis indicates that these four elementary kinematic patterns can be activated mutually independently, and occur both in isolation and in linear superposition. The results strengthen the available evidence for independent control of yaw torque, pitch torque, and total flight force. Our computational method facilitates systematic identification of novel patterns in large kinematic datasets.

title: Independently Controlled Wing Stroke Patterns in the @entity238 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke deformations', 'stroke', 'elementary deformations of the wing stroke']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['fruit flies']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila melanogaster']


abstract: @entity4754 increases serum viscosity and is the most common cause of @entity751 . @entity4754 resulting in @entity751 is seen in multiple @entity1582 and Waldenstr  m's @entity8057 . The reasons for elevated viscosity are increased protein content and large molecular size, abnormal polymerization, and abnormal shape of immunoglobulin molecules. Other hematologic and @entity209 seen in @entity1 with @entity1581 also contribute to hyperviscosity. Symptomatic hyperviscosity is much more common in Waldenstr  m's @entity8057 (10 to 30%) than it is in @entity1582 (2 to 6%). Symptoms of hyperviscosity usually appear when the normal serum viscosity of 1.4 to 1.8 cp reaches 4 to 5 cp, corresponding to a serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) level of at least 3 g/dL, an IgG level of 4 g/dL, and an IgA level of 6 g/dL. Symptoms of hyperviscosity include constitutional symptoms; @entity548 ; and ocular, neurological, and cardiovascular manifestations. Immediate therapy of symptomatic hyperviscosity is directed at reduction of blood viscosity by plasmapheresis to control symptoms. Long-term management is directed at control of the underlying disease to prevent production of the monoclonal protein. There may be a small proportion of individuals, usually old or with severely compromised performance status, who undergo plasma exchange as the sole symptomatic therapy of hyperviscosity secondary to @entity1581 .

title: @entity751 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1581 :: ('MESH:D010265', 'Disease') :: ['plasma cell dyscrasias', 'plasma cell dyscrasia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity4754 :: ('MESH:D006942', 'Disease') :: ['Hypergammaglobulinemia', 'Monoclonal hypergammaglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['hyperviscosity syndrome']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity8057 :: ('MESH:D008258', 'Disease') :: ['macroglobulinemia']

answer: @entity1581 :: (MESH:D010265,Disease) :: ['plasma cell dyscrasias']


abstract: @entity6 is a well-established cause of @entity65 ( @entity65 ) and all-cause mortality. The burden of @entity204 attributable to @entity6 in the United States is not well quantified, particularly with regard to age. The authors analyzed data from the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II) (1976-1980) and the NHANES II Mortality Study, in which a nationally representative cohort of 9,250 adults aged 30-75 years was followed for 12-16 years, to determine all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Overall, between 1976 and 1980, the prevalence of diagnosed @entity6 was 4.3%. By 1992, the relative hazard of all-cause mortality was 1.9 (95% confidence interval: 1.5, 2.3), and the population attributable risk (PAR) was 3.6%. The relative hazard of @entity65 mortality was 2.3 (95% confidence interval: 1.8, 2.8), and the PAR was 5.2%. Including @entity1 with undiagnosed @entity6 in the estimates increased the PAR for all-cause mortality to 5.1% and that for @entity65 mortality to 6.8%. @entity1 had a higher prevalence of diagnosed @entity6 than @entity1 and a greater relative hazard of @entity204 than nondiabetic @entity1 , leading to a higher PAR for @entity1 (3.8% for all causes and 7.3% for @entity65 ) versus @entity1 (3.3% for all causes and 3.8% for @entity65 ). These data suggest that @entity6 accounts for at least 3.6% of all @entity204 and 5.2% of @entity65 @entity204 in US adults. Improvements in @entity6 prevention and treatment should produce noticeable effects on US life expectancy.

title: Age and the burden of XXXX attributable to @entity6 in the United States.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['deaths', 'death']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have shown the positive effects of multidisciplinary rehabilitation on disability and health-related quality of life in @entity15 ( @entity15 ). However, many @entity1 do not seek such treatment, even if it is available free of charge. The aim of this study was to identify facilitators and barriers related to use of such treatment options. METHODS: Five focus group interviews with 27 @entity15 @entity1 were conducted. Three groups included @entity1 who had been admitted to a multidisciplinary @entity15 rehabilitation institution, and two groups included outpatients of a university hospital who had not applied for specialized rehabilitation. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed, and were analyzed qualitatively by means of a modified form of systematic text condensation. RESULTS: Important factors influencing the use of an @entity15 rehabilitation service were 1) the availability and suitability of initial information about the disease and the service, 2) assumptions and expectations about such a service, and 3) practical barriers in the @entity1 's life. The prospect of having a retreat from work and family was described as a motivational factor. Lack of reorientation after diagnosis, fears and perceptions of being labeled as an @entity15 @entity1 , or having information overload and being confronted with disabled individuals were identified as barriers. CONCLUSIONS: Communication skills, including information-giving skills, of neurologists in relation to newly diagnosed @entity15 @entity1 need improvement. Rehabilitation programs for @entity15 @entity1 should include stays of different durations and purposes to fit @entity1 ' needs. Health-care authorities should take measures to secure equal access to information about rehabilitation options across institutions and practicing physicians.

title: Barriers and Facilitators Related to Rehabilitation Stays in XXXX : A Qualitative Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis', 'MS']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['Multiple Sclerosis']


abstract: AIMS: @entity712 ( @entity712 ) is associated with changes in energy metabolism of the heart, as well as in extra-cardiac organs such as the skeletal muscles. @entity299 is a common complication and is associated with poor prognosis. Branched-chain @entity3534 (BCAAs) reportedly improve @entity6288 and @entity5 . We tested the hypothesis that @entity2595 ameliorates @entity712 with @entity299 . MAIN METHODS: We used Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) @entity35 fed a high-salt diet as a model of @entity712 . DS @entity35 fed a low-salt diet were used as a control. @entity2595 were administered in drinking water from 11weeks of age, when @entity1283 was established but the cardiac function was preserved. Survival and the cardiac function were monitored, and animals were sacrificed at 21weeks of age and analyzed. KEY FINDINGS: In @entity712 @entity35 , @entity2595 treatment decreased the heart rate, preserved the cardiac function, and prolonged survival. @entity2595 also prevented body @entity353 , associated with preservation of the skeletal muscle weight. Moreover, gene expression related to mitochondrial biogenesis and function was increased with @entity2595 in skeletal muscles. SIGNIFICANCE: @entity2595 preserved the body weight and cardiac function and prolonged survival in @entity712 @entity35 . The expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and function in skeletal muscles was increased by @entity2595 .

title: Branched-chain XXXX ameliorate @entity712 with @entity299 in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity3534 :: ('MESH:D000596', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'Heart failure']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer cachexia']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity6288 :: ('MESH:D055948', 'Disease') :: ['sarcopenia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac cachexia', 'Cardiac cachexia']

answer: @entity3534 :: (MESH:D000596,Chemical) :: ['amino acids']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cytotoxic and antiviral potential of @entity3070 and @entity5371 was evaluated. @entity137 was checked on @entity1573 primary fibroblast cell line through @entity98 assay. Antiviral potential was determined against @entity1800 on 9-day old @entity1573 embryos. Six different concentrations (200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25 g/ml) of both the drugs were evaluated. The 100 g/ml concentration of @entity3070 and higher were cytotoxic. The 25 g/ml concentration of @entity5371 and higher were cytotoxic. Comparison of @entity3070 and @entity5371 showed that @entity3070 was safe at 50 g/ml and lower concentrations. @entity5371 was protective for cell at 12.5 g/ml and 6.25 g/ml only. Comparison of antiviral activity indicated that @entity3070 has strong antiviral potential at 100 g/ml and higher but same concentrations were cytotoxic. @entity5371 showed strong antiviral potential at all concentrations.

title: Evaluation of XXXX and antiviral activity of @entity3070 against @entity1800 .

entities_list: @entity3070 :: ('MESH:D007559', 'Chemical') :: ['ivermectin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['Newcastle disease virus']

entities_list: @entity5371 :: ('MESH:D012254', 'Chemical') :: ['ribavirin', 'Ribavirin']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['cytotoxicity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of Chishaodanpi decoction (CSDPD) on chronic viral @entity1448 . METHODS: A total of 107 subjects with chronic viral @entity1448 were enrolled in our hospital from March 2007 to November 2012. @entity1 were randomly divided into treatment (54 cases) and control groups (53 cases). The control group was treated with potassium magnesium aspartate, diammonium glycyrrhizinate, glucurolactone, vitamin C, and lamivudine, once a day. The treatment group was treated with modified CSDPD, 100 mL a time, twice a day, in addition to the treatment given to the control group. The @entity1 in both groups were treated for 8 weeks. The main symptoms and signs were recorded every day throughout the clinical trial. Before and after the trial, changes in liver function including total bilirubin (TBil), direct bilirubin (DBil), total bile acid (TBA), and the activities of @entity623 ( @entity623 ), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), @entity6571 ( @entity6571 ), and y-glutamyl transferase (y-GT), were all detected. Adverse reactions were also recorded. RESULTS: There were no differences in gender, age, disease duration, symptoms, signs, or laboratory findings between the two groups (P > 0.05). After an 8-week treatment, improvements in @entity1087 , @entity425 , poor appetite, abdominal distention, and skin itching were significantly better in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). In the treatment group, 43 @entity1 had a significant response to the treatment, seven @entity1 had a response, and four @entity1 had no response, with 21, 12, and 20 @entity1 in the control group, respectively. The total effective rate was 92.6% in the treatment group and 62.3% in the control group, which was a significant difference (P < 0.05). The levels of TBil, DBil, TBA, @entity623 , ALT, @entity6571 , and y-GT in both groups were significantly lower after treatment, and were significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). A few @entity1 in the treatment group had mild adverse effects such as @entity910 frequency and mild @entity158 . No other adverse reactions were observed in either group.

title: Clinical study on treatment of chronic viral XXXX with chishaodanpi decoction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6571 :: ('26503', 'Gene') :: ['AST', 'aspartate aminotransferase']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['increased bowel movement']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestatic hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['stomach-ache']

entities_list: @entity623 :: ('250', 'Gene') :: ['ALP', 'alkaline phosphatase']

answer: @entity1448 :: (MESH:D002779,Disease) :: ['cholestatic hepatitis']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and @entity137 of combination chemotherapy in @entity1 with advanced, @entity5 . DESIGN: Nonrandomized, single-arm trial. SETTING: Governmental medical referral center. @entity1 : Fourteen @entity1 with @entity5 confirmed by histologic tests. All @entity1 had metastatic disease and elevated urinary @entity2922 secretion. INTERVENTIONS: After optimization of antihypertensive therapy, @entity1 received @entity786 , 750 mg/m2 body surface area on day 1; @entity1891 , 1.4 mg/m2 on day 1, and @entity2699 , 600 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2, every 21 days. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity786 , @entity1891 , and @entity2699 produced a complete and partial response rate of 57% (median duration, 21 months; range, 7 to more than 34). Complete and partial biochemical responses were seen in 79% of @entity1 (median duration, more than 22 months; range, 6 to more than 35). All responding @entity1 had objective improvement in performance status and blood pressure. @entity137 included expected hematologic, neurologic, and gastrointestinal effects of chemotherapy without serious sequelae. There were four minor @entity551 episodes and one minor @entity101 episode. CONCLUSIONS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity786 , @entity1891 , and @entity2699 is effective for advanced @entity5 . Urinary @entity2661 are useful to ascertain biochemical response to therapy.

title: @entity5 : effective treatment with a combination of XXXX , @entity1891 , and @entity2699 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity2699 :: ('MESH:D003606', 'Chemical') :: ['dacarbazine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant pheochromocytoma']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

answer: @entity786 :: (MESH:D003520,Chemical) :: ['cyclophosphamide']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: Unstented aortic valve substitutes offer many of the theoretical advantages of homografts such as superior hemodynamic performance and enhanced durability, particularly when inserted as a root. Many of these depend on the maintained flexibility of the valve components. Calcification of the aortic wall may adversely affect these phenomena. Electron beam computed tomography has been used to evaluate aortic wall @entity730 in @entity1 undergoing aortic root replacement in a prospective randomized trial designed to compare the Medtronic Freestyle valve with the homograft valve replacement. METHODS: @entity1 were followed with electron beam computed tomography scans of the aortic root at six-monthly intervals after surgery. A @entity730 score (Hounsfield units) and a calcified volume score (mm3) were obtained from each scan using a new modified technique. Results were related to hemodynamic data from echocardiography. The prevalence of @entity730 was also related to the homograft donor age. RESULTS: Seventy-six @entity1 (age range: 40-79 years) were randomized to root replacement with either homograft (n = 31) or Freestyle (n = 45) valves. Fifty-three scans of the aortic root were performed postoperatively in 37 @entity1 . No statistical difference between the two groups was found at six and 12 months after surgery. However, after 18 months the calcified volume score was 5903.8+/-2356.8 mm3 in the homograft versus 2725.6+/-1500.5 mm3 in the Freestyle group (p = 0.017). There was a correlation between @entity730 score, calcified volume score and left ventricular mass (r = 0.323, p = 0.093 and r = 0.350, p = 0.068, respectively) on the one hand, and @entity730 score, calcified volume score and valve size on the other hand (r = 0.178, p = 0.466 and r = 0.068, p = 0.780, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Electron beam computed tomography provides a powerful tool for the detection of @entity460 in the aortic wall of valve grafts. There is a low rate of @entity730 during the first 18 months in the Medtronic Freestyle valve, and this appears to be lower than that observed in homografts. Longer-term follow up of the aortic root in these @entity1 is required. This is an ongoing study.

title: A quantitative study of XXXX deposition in the aortic wall following Medtronic Freestyle compared with homograft aortic root replacement. A prospective randomized trial.

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Adherent-invasive @entity526 (AIEC) are a group of isolates from the intestinal mucosa of @entity30 @entity1 that can invade intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) or macrophages and survive and/or replicate within. We have identified the ibeA gene in the genome of AIEC strain NRG857c and report now the contribution of IbeA to the interaction of AIEC with IECs, macrophages and colonization of the @entity19 intestine. An ibeA deletion mutant (  ibeA) was constructed and the in vitro effect on AIEC adhesion and invasion of non-polarized and polarized Caco-2 cells, adhesion and transcytosis of M-like cells, intracellular survival in @entity1357 macrophages, and contribution to intestinal colonization of the @entity4897 @entity19 model of @entity281 , was evaluated. A significant reduction in invasion was observed with the ibeA mutant in Caco-2 and M-like cells, while adhesion was not affected. Complementation of the mutant re-established Caco-2 invasive phenotype to wt levels. Reduction in invasion did not significantly affect transcytosis through M-like cells at early time points. The absence of ibeA significantly affected AIEC intra-macrophage survival up to 24 h post- @entity281 . No significant changes associated with IbeA were found in AIEC colonization across the @entity19 gastrointestinal tract, but a slight reduction of IFN-y was observed in the cecum of @entity19 infected with the ibeA mutant. Additionally, a decrease in the pathology scores was observed in the ileum and cecum of @entity19 infected with the ibeA mutant. Our data supports the function of IbeA in AIEC invasion process, macrophage survival and inflammatory response in the @entity19 intestine.

title: IbeA, the invasin of Adherent-Invasive XXXX (AIEC) mediates interaction with intestinal epithelia and macrophages.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Several studies have shown that psychological factors such as learning, expectation, and emotions can affect pharmacological treatment and shape both favorable and adverse effects of drugs. This study investigated whether nocebo information provided during administration of an analgesic cream could reverse topical @entity1337 to @entity1931 . Furthermore, we tested whether nocebo effects were mediated by negative emotional activation. A total of 142 healthy volunteers (73 @entity1 ) were randomized into 6 groups. A topical analgesic cream (Emla) was administered together with suggestions of @entity1337 in 1 group, whereas another group received Emla with suggestions of @entity1931 . Two other groups received a placebo cream together with the same information as the groups receiving Emla. A fifth group received Emla with no specific information about the effect, and the sixth group received no treatment but the same @entity158 induction as the other groups. @entity158 stimulation (48  C) was administered during a pretest and 2 posttests. @entity158 was continuously recorded during stimulation, and measures of subjective stress and blood pressure were obtained before the pretest, after the application of cream, and after the posttests. The results revealed that @entity158 was significantly lower in the group receiving Emla with positive information and highest in the groups receiving suggestions of @entity1931 , regardless of whether Emla or the placebo was administered. Mediation analyses showed that stress and blood pressure mediated @entity1931 after nocebo suggestions. These results suggest that nocebo information can reverse topical @entity1337 and that emotional factors can explain a significant proportion of variance in nocebo @entity1931 .

title: Opposite effects of the same drug: reversal of topical XXXX by nocebo information.

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'Heat pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity1337 :: (MESH:D000699,Disease) :: ['analgesia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical trial costs may be reduced by identifying enriched subpopulations of @entity1 with favorable risk profiles for the events of interest. However, increased selectivity affects accrual rates, with uncertain impact on clinical trial cost. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) 8794 randomized trial of adjuvant radiotherapy for high-risk @entity263 . The primary endpoint was @entity3 ( @entity3 ), defined as time to @entity3 or death from any cause (competing mortality). We used competing risks regression models to identify an enriched subgroup at high risk for @entity3 and low risk for competing mortality. We applied a cost model to estimate the impact of enrichment on trial cost and duration. RESULTS: The treatment effect on @entity3 was similar in the enriched subgroup (HR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.23-0.76) compared to the whole cohort (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.30-0.81) while the effect on competing mortality was not significant in the subgroup or the whole cohort (HR 0.70; 95% CI 0.39-1.23, vs. HR 0.94; 95% CI, 0.68-1.31). Due to the higher incidence of @entity3 relative to competing mortality in the enriched subgroup, the treatment effect on @entity3 was greater in the subgroup compared to the whole cohort (HR 0.55; 95% CI 0.36-0.82, vs. HR 0.77; 95% CI, 0.58-1.01). Trial cost was 75% less in the subgroup compared to the whole cohort ( 1.7million vs.  6.8million), and the trial duration was 30% shorter (8.4 vs. 12.0years). CONCLUSION: Competing event enrichment can reduce clinical trial cost and duration, without sacrificing generalizability.

title: Competing events and costs of clinical trials: Analysis of a randomized XXXX .

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'MFS', 'metastasis-free survival']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['trial in prostate cancer']


abstract: Few studies have investigated the @entity2204 ( @entity2204 )   4 allele status of @entity303 @entity1 with severe @entity62 ( @entity195 ). In this study, we aimed to characterize the @entity2204 epsivlon genotypes and clinical features of @entity303 @entity1 with severe @entity195 . Four hundred and thirty nine @entity1 with @entity303 and 152 subjects with normal cognition (NC) were recruited from multiple centers in Korea, known as the Clinical Research Center for @entity303 of South Korea (CREDOS), since November 2005. The @entity195 were rated using the scale that had been developed by the CREDOS study. @entity303 @entity1 with minimal @entity195 were considered to have @entity195 ( @entity195 ) without @entity195 ( @entity195 - @entity195 : 325), and those with severe @entity195 were considered to have Subcortical @entity1294 (SIVD: 50) or @entity195 with severe @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Comparisons of @entity2204 allelic prevalence were performed using chi-square analysis. The @entity2204 allele was more prevalent in those with @entity195 than in those with SIVD and NC (p < 0.001). It was not more prevalent in those with SIVD than in those with NC (p = 0.169). @entity2204 allele status in @entity195 + @entity195 did not differ from that in @entity195 - @entity195 (p = 0.625). The @entity2204 allele was more prevalent in those with @entity195 than in those with SIVD. @entity2204 may not be associated with SIVD although it is one of the vascular risk factors.

title: @entity2204 allele status in korean @entity303 @entity1 with severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2204 :: ('348', 'Gene') :: ['apolipoprotein E', 'APOE', 'APOE   4']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity1294 :: ('MESH:D015140', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemic Vascular Dementia']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['WMH', 'AD', "Alzheimer's disease", 'AD+WMH: 64']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter hyperintensities']

answer: @entity62 :: (MESH:D056784,Disease) :: ['white matter hyperintensities']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pathology reports have shown that @entity528 in @entity191 ( @entity191 ) are equal to or greater than those in @entity195 ( @entity195 ). We hypothesized that @entity1 with @entity191 would have @entity51 that were similar to or greater than those of @entity1 with @entity195 . OBJECTIVE: To determine in vivo cortical @entity10810 ( @entity10810 ) activity in healthy control subjects and in @entity1 with mild @entity195 , @entity191 , and @entity191 without @entity303 using @entity10810 positron emission tomography. SETTING: University and Veterans' Administration medical center. Design and @entity1 Group comparison design of @entity1 with @entity195 (n = 12), @entity191 (n = 14), and @entity191 without @entity303 (n = 11), and controls (n = 10) who underwent @entity10810 imaging between July 1, 2000, and January 31, 2003. @entity1 with @entity195 and @entity191 had approximately equal @entity303 severity. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cerebral @entity10810 activity. RESULTS: Compared with controls, mean cortical @entity10810 activity was lowest in @entity1 with @entity191 (-20.0%), followed by @entity1 with @entity191 without @entity303 (-12.9%; P<.001). Mean cortical @entity10810 activity was relatively preserved in @entity1 with @entity195 (-9.1%), except for regionally selective involvement of the lateral temporal cortex (-15%; P<.001). CONCLUSION: Reduced cortical @entity10810 activity is more characteristic of @entity1 with @entity191 than of @entity1 with mild @entity195 .

title: Cortical cholinergic function is more severely affected in XXXX than in @entity195 : an in vivo positron emission tomographic study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinson disease', 'parkinsonian dementia', 'PDem']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['cholinergic deficits']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', 'Alzheimer disease']

entities_list: @entity10810 :: ('43', 'Gene') :: ['AChE', 'acetylcholinesterase']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['cholinergic forebrain neuronal losses']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['parkinsonian dementia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nurses working in @entity341 ( @entity341 ) are in the most danger of workplace violence (WPV) because of the critical nature of the wards. AIMS: This study aimed to find the frequency and nature of physical and verbal WPV against Iranian nurses working in @entity341 . METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out using consensus sampling of 196 bachelor's degree nurses working in 11 @entity341 of teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The data were collected through the adapted version of a self-administered questionnaire developed by the International Labor Office/International Council of Nurses/World Health Organization/Public Services International on WPV in the health sector. The gathered data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: The @entity1 were mostly (89.1%) female and their work experiences (63.2%) in nursing were between 1 and 5 years; 19.7% of the nurses had faced physical violence. All of the physical violence incidents were without-weapon; 91.6% of the @entity1 experienced @entity734 during the past year. @entity1 ' relatives were the most common source of violence. Dissatisfaction was reported on the way the incidents were handled. CONCLUSION: It is believed that finding the pattern and nature of WPV is the first step to develop suitable strategies to deal with the issue. Establishing WPV management teams and enacting appropriate laws can improve workplace safety for nurses and @entity1 ' care quality.

title: Workplace violence against Iranian nurses working in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency departments', 'EDs']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['verbal abuse']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency departments']


abstract: HISTORY AND ADMISSION FINDINGS: A 60-year-old @entity1 with @entity417 was found to have a @entity2590 ( @entity2590 ) which was classified as @entity417 ( @entity417 ). Because of severe @entity221 the @entity1 was hospitalized. Waldeyer's throat ring revealed signs of acute @entity32 . LABORATORY FINDINGS: Indicated severe @entity417 and @entity882 . Leucocytes were 8000/ml with a pathological shift to the left (1920/ml blasts). @entity8206 (59/91mm) were abnormal. An axial CT of the neck showed a left sided paratonsillar abscess. DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY: The @entity5389 was treated with antibiotics. Persistent @entity221 up to 39.8 degrees C suggested resistance to therapy. After three weeks the @entity1 developed @entity295 and died. Autopsy revealed @entity2590 with excess of blasts in transformation (RAEBT-t). @entity4585 was found in the throating where there was no paratonsillar abscess. Generalized @entity9758 was proved at autopsy, explaining the continuous @entity221 resistant to antibiotic treatment. CONCLUSION: @entity4585 is rarely associated with @entity2590 . @entity1200 may facilitate the occurrence of @entity9758 .

title: [ XXXX of the tonsils associated with @entity2590 ].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicemia']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['anaemia', 'anemia', 'RAEB', 'refractory anemia with ringsideroblasts']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity4585 :: ('MESH:D023981', 'Disease') :: ['Granulocytic sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndrome', 'MDS']

entities_list: @entity5389 :: ('MESH:D014069', 'Disease') :: ['tonsillitis']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['Deficiency in the immune system']

entities_list: @entity9758 :: ('MESH:D014391', 'Disease') :: ['miliary tuberculosis']

answer: @entity4585 :: (MESH:D023981,Disease) :: ['Granulocytic sarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy within pelvis is a vital component of curative therapy for urological, gynecological and rectal malignances. Rectum is especially vulnerable to @entity1161 resulting in @entity4272 . The most common and life-threatening symptom is @entity548 . @entity406 application into the rectum causes local cauterization of @entity33 . The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of local @entity406 application in @entity1 with @entity548 . METHODS: A solution of 4.0% @entity406 was used in the treatment of 20 @entity1 with clinical and proctoscopic evidence of radiadion @entity4272 . Treatment involved direct application of 4.0% @entity406 into the rectum. All @entity1 were followed-up in terms of complete resolution of symptoms or recurrences of @entity548 . RESULTS: A total of 20 @entity1 with a mean age of 69.7 (range, 57-80) years were followed for 51.2 (range, 1-93) months. The mean duration of symptoms was 4.5 (range, 1-10) months and the interval between the end of radiotherapy and symptoms was mostly between 5 and 30 months. @entity1 required an average of 2 (range, 1-5) @entity406 treatments. Of the 20 @entity1 , 10 had complete resolution of their symptoms after their first treatment. In 10 @entity1 @entity548 recurred and they were offered another @entity406 instillation and/or @entity3504 suppositories and @entity3503 therapy. Complete resolution of symptoms was achieved in all @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Topical @entity406 instillation is effective, safe, and well-tolerated method for the @entity1 with @entity1161 . This therapy may be repeated in case of recurrent @entity548 and combined with other methods of treatment.

title: @entity406 therapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic radiation proctitis', 'bleeding', 'rectal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['secondary radiation injury', 'radiation proctopathy']

entities_list: @entity4272 :: ('MESH:D011349', 'Disease') :: ['proctitis']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['telangiectatic mucosal vessels']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin', 'Formalin']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhagic radiation proctitis']


abstract: The influence of @entity5603 larvae migration on the lung tissue of paratenic host (inbred @entity19 C57BL6/J) was evaluated. First macroscopic manifestation was already observed on day 2 in the time of the highest larval recovery. Larvae entering the lung tissue caused numerous small extravasations. Their migration from the lungs was manifested from day 6 with an increase in the number and extent of extravasations. The lungs assumed @entity7928 spot appearance (Fig. 1). The larval recovery was decreasing. From day 14 the expressiveness of macroscopic changes was declining. Areas of @entity2415 and @entity891 were observed on the lungs. The genesis and the process of elimination of extravasations were studied histologically. In the first period, the primary extravasations, caused by larvae migrating to the lung tissue (Fig. 2), were eliminated by monocytes and eosinophilic granulocytes in increasing numbers (Fig. 3). Immunohistochemically macrophages and dendritic cells were already observed in the lungs on day 1 (Fig. 4). Acid phosphatase activity was increasing from day 1 and its highest level was observed on day 84. Alkaline phosphatase activity on days 2-4 was not observed in the areas of extravasations although within the larvae themselves it was high. The extravasations of the second period (caused by larval migration from the lungs) from day 5-6 were eliminated with humoral monocytes and cells of perivascular and peribronchial tissue. Eosinophils were not active in this process. Strong exudation was observed here. The humoral part of extravasations was eliminated primarily. The cytoplasmic volume of activated cells was enlarging. Multinuclear symplasms were originated (Fig. 5). The activities of alkaline phosphatase and nonspecific esterase were increased. Macrophages and dendritic cells were still present in high numbers and from day 14 aggregations of T and B lymphocytes were observed (Fig. 6). Reparative processes were frequently observed on the blood vessels altered by the leaving larvae (Fig. 7). Changes on the lungs caused by migration of larvae always ended in functional regeneration of the lung tissue. On the other hand dead larvae stimulated proliferative forms of inflammatory reactions which led to induration (Fig. 8).

title: [Changes in the lungs in @entity19 caused by migration of XXXX larvae].

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['atelectasis']

answer: @entity5603 :: (6265,Species) :: ['Toxocara canis']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy and tolerability of low-dose weekly @entity136 as a radiosensitizer in unresectable @entity788 @entity1 treated with chemoradiotherapy. METHODS: Twenty-four histologically confirmed @entity3123 @entity1 (female/male: 10/14, median age: 60) were evaluated. Seven (29%) @entity1 received @entity136 either as a single agent or in combination prior to chemoradiotherapy. Concurrent 75 mg/m2 @entity136 was infused weekly. Radiotherapy was delivered to the @entity5 and positive lymphatics with 3D-conformal radiotherapy to a total dose of 4500 cGy. Local progression-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival and overall survival were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 36 weeks. Median local progression-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival and overall survival were 22 weeks (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5-59 weeks), 19 weeks (95%CI: 6.9-31 weeks) and 36 weeks (95%CI: 28-43 weeks), respectively. All @entity1 completed radiotherapy as scheduled. Concurrent @entity136 was given fully in 58.3% of @entity1 . @entity136 was terminated in four (16.6%) @entity1 due to grade 3 @entity1398 (n=1), grade 3 @entity390 / @entity391 (n=2) or @entity1 's reluctance (n=1). @entity1 with local response and stable disease to chemoradiotherapy revealed a median survival of 39 weeks (95%CI: 30-47.9 weeks) compared to 36 weeks (95%CI: 9.7-62.2 weeks) in @entity1 with locally progressive disease (p=0.52). @entity158 was improved in 50% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Weekly low-dose radiosensitizing @entity136 is effective and safe in unresectable @entity788 @entity1 .

title: Concomitant chemoradiotherapy with low-dose weekly @entity136 for nonmetastatic unresectable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Relatively little has been written about the outcomes of medical stabilization, analyzed specifically across the age spectrum, in adults with severe @entity1278 ( @entity1278 ). METHOD: We retrospectively evaluated clinical parameters relevant to acuity of illness and outcomes of early refeeding in 142 adults with severe @entity1278 , admitted for definitive inpatient medical stabilization from October 1, 2008 to December 31, 2012. @entity1 were categorized into three age groups: 17 to 29, 30 to 40, and 41+ years. RESULTS: The study included 142 @entity1 with median age of 28 years old (range 17-65 years). Fifty-four percent (n = 78) were under 30 years old, 23% (n = 32) between 30 and 40 years old, and 23% (n = 32) were over 40 years old. Average admission BMI did not differ among age groups, ranging from 12.7 to 13.2 kg/m(2) . Of the admission parameters, only low serum @entity2313 levels (more prevalent in older @entity1 ), high international normalized ratio (INR) levels (more prevalent in younger @entity1 ), and @entity1398 (more prevalent in the <30 age group) varied with age. During hospitalization, rates of @entity1168 , @entity4053 , @entity409 , very low %IBW, refeeding @entity5886 , refeeding @entity4 , length of stay, and discharge BMI did not differ with age. Age group was associated with rate of weekly weight gain only in @entity1 with @entity1278 -binge purge subtype. DISCUSSION: Results demonstrate medical abnormalities and response to medical stabilization in severely ill @entity1278 @entity1 during hospitalization were mostly similar across the age span. This information should allay fears that the effect of age will make medical stabilization more difficult.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015).

title: Medical outcomes for adults hospitalized with severe XXXX : An analysis by age group.

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia nervosa', 'AN']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity5886 :: ('MESH:D017674', 'Disease') :: ['hypophosphatemia']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity1278 :: (MESH:D000856,Disease) :: ['anorexia nervosa']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To study the effect Achyrnnthes nspern, 0.2% aqueous @entity5164 and Punicn grnnntum oral rinse on salivary @entity6586 mutnns count in @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 @entity1 of 8 to 12 years of age were randomly allocated into 3 groups. Group A was given 0.2% @entity1216 mouthwash, group B was given 10% A. nspern mouthwash and group C was given 15% P. grnnntum mouthwash. The day 1 saliva samples were collected from the subjects and innoculated onto mitis salivarius bacitracin (MSB) agar. The colony counts were obtained by a clinical microbiologist who was blinded to the subject allocation. Plaque scores were then recorded by the investigator with the help of a volunteer. Following this, they received a thorough scaling and polishing. Subjects in each group were then provided with 140 ml of the respective mouthwash, as a daily supervised rinse after breakfast and before sleeping as per instructions. Following mouth rinsing, the @entity1 were instructed not to eat or drink for 15 minutes. At the 7th day, unstimulated saliva was again collected from the subjects of all 3 groups, inoculated onto MSB agar and colony count was obtained. Modified Quigley-Hein plaque index was also evaluated for the refreshed score at this stage. Colony counting was done using loop method and statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software version 21. RESULTS: All the three mouthwashes showed statistically significant reduction of S. mutnns count and plaque index after 7 days, i.e. @entity1216 (p < 0.001 for reduction in S. mutnns count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction), A. nspern (p < 0.01 for reduction in S. mutnns count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction) and P. grnnntum (p < 0.01 for reduction in S. mutnns count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction). @entity1216 had marginally better results in reducing S. mutnns count. Conclusion     Efficacy of @entity1216 , A. nspern and P. grnnntum was statistically significant with respect to reduction of S. mutnns count with @entity1216 being marginally better than the other two,     All the three mouthwashes were found to be at par when plaque index values from baseline and after interception of 7 days was calculated,     Punicn grnnntum has better antimicrobial effect than A. nspern.

title: Effect of Achyranthes aspera, 0.2% Aqueous @entity5164 and Punica granatum Oral Rinse on the Levels of Salivary XXXX in 8 to 12 Years Old @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity6586 :: ('1309', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity1216 :: ('MESH:D002710', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorhexidine', 'Chlorhexidine']

entities_list: @entity5164 :: ('MESH:C010882', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorhexidine gluconate']

answer: @entity6586 :: (1309,Species) :: ['Streptococcus mutans']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The onset of acute @entity583 ( @entity583 ) is accompanied by a rapid increase in electrical instability and often fatal @entity943 . The aim of this study was to assess the continuous @entity943 profile during the initial 48 hours after coronary artery ligation in the @entity35 in relation to time course, mortality, and @entity1188 size. METHODS AND RESULTS: Continuous ECG recording were obtained in 26 conscious, untethered @entity35 for 24 hours before and 48 hours after coronary ligation by use of an implantable telemetry system. All episodes of @entity1165 and @entity955 were counted and their durations summed. @entity1188 size was measured at 48 hours after @entity583 or after spontaneous @entity204 . After ligation, two distinctly active arrhythmogenic periods developed (A1, 0 to 0.5 hours; A2, 1.5 to 9 hours), each followed by a quiescent phase of low ectopy (Q1, 0.5 to 1.5 hours; Q2, 10 to 48 hours). The total mortality rate of 65% was found within the two active periods, with 13 of 15 @entity204 occurring in A2. @entity35 with larger @entity1188 (> or = 50%) and nonsurvivors tended to have increased @entity943 frequency and duration compared with both animals with smaller MIs (< 50%) and survivors. CONCLUSIONS: Two distinct arrhythmogenic periods occur in @entity35 with @entity583 that may be caused by different mechanisms and correspond to the bimodal @entity943 time course seen in @entity235 and @entity1 after @entity583 . Telemetric monitoring of the ECG in the conscious @entity35 after @entity1188 will be useful in assessment of the differential effects of therapeutic interventions on these two arrhythmogenic periods and in the study of potential mechanisms for the spontaneous resolution of @entity1540 and risk of @entity944 .

title: @entity943 and @entity204 after coronary artery occlusion in the @entity35 . Continuous telemetric ECG monitoring in conscious, untethered XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['Infarct', 'infarcts', 'infarction', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular ectopy']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute MI', 'myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['deaths', 'death']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: The authors described a case of multiple @entity2758 of the @entity1315 and the @entity76 , and presented a review of literature. A 42-year-old right-handed @entity1 was admitted to our Dept. of Neurosurgery on October 20, 1983, with left @entity158 and occipitalgia. He had an episode of @entity510 ten years ago, however, its etiology was not clear at neurological examination. This brief episode of @entity158 began on the left side of his face about 9 years ago and has been gradually increasing. Although he has been treated with trigeminal nerve blocks several times, relapses were almost always evident within 6 months after those nerve blocks. On admission, there were no abnormal findings at neurological and physical examination. A CT scan with contrast medium infusion revealed two small @entity27635 on the left parietal region and on the @entity76 . A four-vessels cerebral angiogram confirmed the presence of two @entity27635 and fenestration of the left vertebral artery. The angiogram also revealed that his severe left @entity4254 had been caused by elongation of the anterior pontine segment of left SCA which was the main feeder of the cerebellar AVM. Two stages of surgical operations were carried out at two months interval. The first operation was total @entity76 and microvascular decompression for the left trigeminal nerve. The second was total removal of the left parietal AVM. The postoperative course was uneventful, and angiographically the @entity27635 completely disappeared. The @entity1 was discharged without any @entity51 on @entity29804 , 1984.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Multiple @entity2758 of @entity1315 and @entity76 with symptomatic XXXX : a case report].

entities_list: @entity2758 :: ('MESH:D001165', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous malformations']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity4254 :: ('MESH:D014277', 'Disease') :: ['trigeminal neuralgia']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['left parietal lobe']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['removal of the cerebellar AVM', 'left cerebellar hemisphere']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['facial pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity4254 :: (MESH:D014277,Disease) :: ['trigeminal neuralgia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the clinical effectiveness and safety of a new custom-made valgus knee brace (OdrA) in @entity626 ( @entity571 ) in terms of @entity158 and secondary symptoms. METHODS: Open-label prospective study of @entity1 with symptomatic medial knee @entity571 with clinical evaluation at 6 and 52 weeks (W6, W52). We systematically assessed @entity158 on a visual analog scale (VAS), @entity3331 and @entity571 Outcome Score (KOOS), spatio-temporal gait variables, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and analgesic-sparing effects of the brace and tolerance. Mean scores were compared at baseline, W6 and W52 and the effect size (ES) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. RESULTS: We included 20 @entity1 with knee @entity571 (mean age 64.2  10.2 years, mean body mass index 27.2  5.4kg/m(2)). @entity227 and KOOS were improved at W6 and W52: @entity158 (ES=0.9 at 1 year), amelioration of other symptoms (ES=0.4), and function in activities of daily living (ES=1.1), sports and leisure (ES=1.5), quality of life (ES=0.9) and gait speed (ES=0.41). In total, 76% of @entity1 showed clinical improvement at 1 year. Analgesic and NSAIDs consumption was significantly decreased at W6 and W52. One serious adverse effect noted was lower-limb varices, and observance was deemed satisfactory at 1 year. CONCLUSION: This new unloader brace appeared to have good effect on medial knee @entity571 , with an acceptable safety profile and good @entity1 compliance.

title: Clinical effectiveness and safety of a distraction-rotation knee brace for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['medial knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity3331 :: ('MESH:D007718', 'Disease') :: ['Knee injury']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['medial knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: Judged @entity146 and its justifiability were examined with caricature cartoons and films of @entity1 doing comparable things. Effects of viewer gender, interactant gender, and facial expression were examined. Facial expression strongly affected both types of judgment, viewer gender had no influence, and interactant gender contributed slightly. Real-cartoon differences were significant, but accounted for little variance. Major response patterns were similar for films of @entity1 and cartoons. In two developmental studies, only facial expression influenced judgments of friendliness-hostility in cartoons, but condemnation of @entity146 decreased as viewer age increased. Results with films of real @entity1 followed those for cartoons. Facial expression influenced judged @entity146 , but only viewer age affected judged justifiability. Cross-experiment comparisons revealed that facial expression and the facial expression X real-cartoon interaction yielded major differences on both dependent variables. Subject and interactant gender were not significant for major dependent variables. Results of the developmental studies were similar to adults' suggesting that for judgments of simple aggressive acts, sex makes no difference, but facial expression does make a difference.

title: Does sex make a difference? Gender, age, and stimulus realism in perception and evaluation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'children']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness', 'aggression']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['aggression']


abstract: Monitoring clinical signs in unconscious @entity1 provides only late information about cerebral deterioration. Ischaemia and @entity519 are the mechanisms of much of the damage. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements provide direct evidence of ischaemia but are intermittent values for what may be an unstable situation. Continuous recordings of CBF and oxygenation are more likely to reveal harmful tendencies to ischaemia and @entity519 at an early stage than intermittent readings. We report our experience with intermittent and also continuous recording of the jugular venous bulb @entity26 saturation (JVO2Sat) obtained by fibreoptic oximetry in a group of 10 head injured and 7 septic @entity1 . Simultaneous measurements of CBF by an isotopic xenon clearance method were also made. The JVO2Sat has been suggested to be a reliable indicator of cerebral oxygenation, a low value being indicative of ischaemia. We discuss whether our findings support this statement. There are also variations in JVO2Sat with mean arterial blood pressure and intracranial pressure. These variations have important implications in the interpretation that can be made of one single value of JVO2Sat.

title: The use of intermittent and continuous recordings of jugular venous bulb @entity26 saturation in the unconscious XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this double blind, randomized, comparative study was to assess the analgesic efficacy and incidence of @entity616 after @entity616 using three different concentrations of @entity1342 , 1, 2 and 3 mg x l(-1), in @entity1 4-12-year-old. METHODS: One hundred and ten @entity1 ASA I-II, scheduled for inguinal surgery, were included in the study. After induction of a standardized general anaesthetic technique, all @entity1 received 1 ml x kg(-1) of the @entity1342 solution for a @entity616 and were assessed for 8 h after the injection. RESULTS: The @entity1342 was well tolerated in all @entity1 . Median time to treatment with analgesics was 3.3, 4.5 and 4.2 h in the 1, 2 and 3 mg x ml(-1) groups, respectively. During the first 4 h, the @entity158 scores for both a 6-graded faces scale and a 4-graded observer scale were higher in the 1 mg x ml(-1) group than the 3 mg x ml(-1) group. The median sensory block reached T12 in all groups 1 h after the @entity616 . Thereafter, the speed of regression was correlated with the @entity1342 concentration. In the @entity1 with a sensory block from T12 and above, the median time to treatment with analgesics was longer than in the @entity1 with a sensory block below T12. The incidence of @entity616 was 28% in the 3 mg x ml(-1) group in comparison with 0 and 13% in the 1 and 2 mg x ml(-1) groups. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that 1 ml x kg(-1) of @entity1342 2 mg x ml(-1) for @entity616 provided satisfactory @entity282 relief after inguinal surgery in 4-12-year-old @entity1 . @entity1342 1 mg x ml(-1) showed less efficacy while the use of @entity1342 3 mg x ml(-1) was associated with a higher incidence of @entity616 with minimal improvement in @entity282 relief.

title: The efficacy of caudal XXXX 1, 2 and 3 mg x l(-1) for postoperative analgesia in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1342 :: ('MESH:C037663', 'Chemical') :: ['ropivacaine', 'Ropivacaine']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['motor block', 'caudal block']

answer: @entity1342 :: (MESH:C037663,Chemical) :: ['ropivacaine']


abstract: An experimental model system is presented that allows the identification and follow-up of @entity19 exposed to ionizing radiation using flow-cytometric measurements of peripheral blood cells. In an experiment, properties of peripheral blood cells were analysed with flow cytometry for a rapid identification of individuals exposed to radiation. Individuals were then followed longitudinally in an attempt to identify those developing @entity5 . Male CBA @entity19 , 25 days old, were subjected to fractionated x-irradiation (4 x 1.31 Gy) to induce @entity5 . By repeated blood sampling followed by flow cytometry, frequencies of micronucleated erythrocytes and of proliferating nucleated cells were determined. @entity5 were diagnosed by histopathology. Five days after the end of radiation exposure, increased frequencies of proliferating cells, polychromatic erythrocytes and micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes clearly distinguished the exposed group from the control group. Increased cell proliferation in peripheral blood cells could be used to identify animals with @entity5 , although these animals were at a late stage of @entity5 development. Animals with @entity6732 (not generalized) could not be identified with the flow-cytometric parameters used. We consider that this model system has a potential use when a small number of risk individuals need to be identified and monitored within a large population.

title: Flow-cytometric identification and follow-up of XXXX exposed to x-irradiation: evaluation of a model system.

entities_list: @entity6732 :: ('MESH:D013953', 'Disease') :: ['thymic lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['haematopoietic malignancies', 'neoplasias', 'Neoplasias', 'manifest tumours', 'tumour']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: PURPOSE: Studies have consistently shown an association between physical activity and increased health and well-being after a @entity5 diagnosis. Nevertheless, large proportions of @entity0 survivors do not meet recommended levels of physical activity. The aim of this study was to describe physical activity levels during the first two years after being diagnosed with @entity0 , and to explore the predictive ability of physical inactivity on longer-term self-rated health, physical symptoms, and @entity458 . METHOD: Study @entity1 were @entity1 recently having had a first @entity0 surgery at one of the three main hospitals in Stockholm between 2007 and 2009. A total of 726 @entity1 were included and responded to six questionnaire assessments during the 24 months following diagnosis. RESULTS: Less than one third of the @entity1 were sufficiently physically active at baseline. Physical activity decreased after surgery, increased at 8 month follow-up, and subsequently decreased slightly during the subsequent follow-up period. Physical inactivity was related to reduced health, increased symptoms such as @entity158 , @entity308 , and @entity148 . CONCLUSION: This study provides additional support for the beneficial consequences of being physically active after a @entity0 diagnosis and highlights a potential target for intervention. This study provides additional support showing that being physically active even at a very low level seems to result in health benefits. Physical activity should be encouraged among @entity1 treated for @entity0 .

title: Physical activity following a XXXX diagnosis: Implications for self-rated health and @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: We report a case of primary @entity3554 (PDLG) in a 76-year-old male presenting with @entity911 , @entity4653 , @entity892 , @entity158 and @entity10 of recent onset. Neurological examination revealed @entity2003 and bilateral sixth @entity129 . The cerebrospinal fluid showed a marked hyperproteinorachia (4711 mg/L) and mild cytorachia (5-10 leucocytes/mm3) with a few atypical lymphoid cells. On admission, brain CT scan and MRI demonstrated diffuse and nodular leptomeningeal contrast enhancement predominant at the skull base and several @entity690 in the right parietal bone. Extensive serological studies for infectious, autoimmune or @entity5 were negative. The work-up diagnosis was @entity7993 or multiple meningeal and osseous metastases of an unknown primary @entity5 . Surgical biopsy of the right parietal @entity79 showed only fibrous tissue with no evidence of @entity5 or @entity32 . The @entity1 was treated with high dose @entity288 but its neurological status progressively worsened and he died of @entity1174 35 days after admission. Post-mortem examination revealed a PDLG, a rare @entity5 with about 60 cases reported. PDGL is characterized by the diffusion of neoplastic glial cells throughout the leptomeninges without evidence of a primary intra-parenchymal lesion. Recognition of this rare @entity1313 is important as recent reports suggest that radiotherapy and chemotherapy can improve @entity1 survival.

title: Primary XXXX : an autopsy case and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['nuchal rigidity']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumour']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'cancer', 'fatal tumour', 'neoplastic diseases']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone lesion']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

entities_list: @entity1174 :: ('MESH:D011015', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

entities_list: @entity7993 :: ('MESH:C535814', 'Disease') :: ['neurosarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['lumbal pain']

entities_list: @entity690 :: ('MESH:D030981', 'Disease') :: ['osteolytic lesions']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

entities_list: @entity3554 :: ('MESH:D008577', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity3554 :: (MESH:D008577,Disease) :: ['diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction. @entity1653 are rare and preoperative diagnosis is difficult. The present study was performed to assess the clinical and radiological outcome of @entity1653 . Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of 13 @entity1 (mean age: 49.9 years) who underwent surgical resection of @entity1653 from January 2006 to February 2014. There were 5 male and 8 female @entity1 . The Glasgow Outcome Scale was used to assess the clinical outcome at 6 months. Results. @entity10 was the main presenting clinical feature. Most of the @entity5 were located on the right side. The frontal convexity was the most common site. Gross total resection was performed in 10 @entity1 . The most common histopathological type was meningothelial variety. Conclusion. @entity1653 are usually benign that occur in relatively young @entity1 . Resection of cysts that show contrast enhancement is essential to reduce recurrence.

title: @entity1653 : A rare type of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['Headache']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial cystic meningiomas', 'Intracranial cystic meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumours']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Medically complex @entity1 who need @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) repair are at increased risk of mortality. We study the effects of interhospital transfer to high-volume hospitals (HVHs) on @entity260 and mortality after complications in these @entity1 . METHODS: Data for 491,779 @entity1 undergoing intact @entity1028 surgery were extracted using Medicare files. @entity1 demographics, comorbidities, hospital volume, repair type, and @entity1 transfer status were collected. Primary outcomes were @entity260 and failure to rescue within 30  days after surgery. Data were analyzed using multivariable and propensity analysis. RESULTS: From 2000 to 2011, the percentage of @entity1 transferred to another hospital for surgery before starting treatment more than doubled from .7% to 1.9% for @entity439 repair (EVAR; P  < .001) and from 1.2% to  3.7% for open repair (P  < .001). At baseline, transferred @entity1 had more @entity712 (18.7% vs 11.2%; P  < .001), coronary (17.4% vs 15.0%; P  < .001), pulmonary (38.3% vs 33.6%; P  < .001), and @entity177 (8.1% vs 4.6%; P  < .001) comorbidities. Transferred @entity1 incurred more complications after EVAR (25.1% vs 12.8%; P  < .001) or open repair (42.3% vs 35.5%; P  < .001). After propensity matching for comorbidities and demographics, there were fewer complication rates (40.4% vs 47.8%; P  < .001) and decreased failure to rescue (5.5% vs 6.5%; P  = .04) after open repair in  @entity1 transferred to HVHs than in @entity1 who remained at the primary, low-volume hospital for surgery. Complication rates after EVAR for nontransferred @entity1 at low-volume hospitals and transferred @entity1 at HVHs were similar (23.9% vs 24.7%; P  = .55). After propensity matching, there was no significant difference in failure to rescue (P  = .06) after EVAR between @entity1 transferred to HVHs and nontransferred @entity1 who had procedures at low-volume hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: Transfer of medically complex @entity1 to HVHs for open @entity1028 repair improves outcomes in @entity1028 surgery. Complication rates decrease, and survival of transferred @entity1 increases when they undergo open repair at HVHs.

title: Interhospital transfer for intact XXXX repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['endovascular aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: A consecutive series of 378 @entity1 with 381 acute adult femoral shaft @entity174 in previously intact femora admitted during a 10-year period was reviewed for the incidence of local complications including malunion. The majority, 282 @entity174 (74%), were caused by motor vehicle accidents. The median age of the @entity1 was 28 years. The policy of management was internal fixation of the @entity174 on the day of admission. The method of treatment was intramedullary nailing (K  ntscher or interlocking nailing) in 279 and plate fixation in 102 @entity174 . A local complication occurred in 90 @entity1 (24%). Of these 90 cases 24 had malunion only while in the remaining 66 @entity1 there was mechanical failure of fixation in 27, @entity281 in 20 (5.3% of the total), delayed union or nonunion in 15, and refracture in four @entity1 . Concurrent injuries in the lower extremities were associated with a significantly increased frequency of delayed union, nonunion, and refracture. In 41 @entity1 (11%) a total of 58 reoperations had to be undertaken because of local complications. There was an over-representation of plated @entity174 among those @entity1 suffering a local complication classified as severe, 24 out of 37 (chi 2 = 30.3; p less than 0.001). Consequently, we now only exceptionally use plate fixation in the management of femoral shaft @entity174 .

title: Incidence of local complications after intramedullary nailing and after plate fixation of femoral shaft XXXX .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['local infection']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: Groups of male and female Fischer 344 @entity35 , B6C3F1 @entity19 , and Hartley @entity840 were exposed once for 6 hr to mean concentrations of 10.5, 5.4, 2.4, 1.0, or 0 (control) ppm of @entity36419 ( @entity29154 ) vapor. @entity35 and @entity19 were also exposed to 20.4 ppm of MIC. No @entity204 occurred in animals exposed to 2.4 or 1.0 ppm. The majority of @entity204 for the 20.4- and 10.5-ppm groups occurred during postexposure Days 1 through 3, while at 5.4 ppm @entity204 were observed throughout the 14-day postexposure period. The 6-hr LC50 values (with 95% confidence limits) were 6.1 (4.6 to 8.2) ppm for @entity35 , 12.2 (8.4 to 17.5) ppm for @entity19 , and 5.4 (4.4 to 6.7) ppm for @entity840 . Notable clinical observations during and immediately following MIC exposure were lacrimation, perinasal/perioral wetness, @entity1576 (e.g., mouth breathing), decreased activity, @entity2055 , and @entity2332 . The frequency of clinical signs decreased during the second postexposure week. Body weight losses were common in all species following MIC exposures of 2.4 ppm or greater. At 1.0 ppm, only female @entity19 had body weight @entity308 . Recovery of body weight loss was observed in the 5.4- ( @entity840 only), 2.4- and 1.0-ppm concentration groups. The lungs of all animals that died were discolored. Following microscopic examination of the respiratory tract, @entity204 were attributed to @entity3126 and @entity384 . In a separate study, Fischer 344 @entity35 and Hartley @entity840 were exposed once for 4 hr to mean concentrations of 36.1, 25.6, 15.2, or 5.2 ppm of MIC vapor. In general, the results were similar to those of the single 6-hr exposure study.

title: Acute inhalation studies with @entity36419 vapor. I. Methodology and LC50 determinations in @entity840 , @entity35 , and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['congestion']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory difficulty']

entities_list: @entity36419 :: ('MESH:C008461', 'Chemical') :: ['methyl isocyanate']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: @entity1304 is persistent in the environment and toxic to wildlife. Legal mandates necessitate that a risk assessments be performed for @entity1304 by the @entity7452 ( @entity7452 ) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). This hazard identification (hazard ID) compared critical no-observed effect levels (NOEL) for acute, subchronic and chronic exposure intervals between the agencies. NOELs were discussed in light of their application to numerous exposure scenarios (occupational, general population and dietary). Only the acute oral NOELs differed between @entity7452 (0.7 mg/kg/day) and USEPA (1.5 mg/kg/day). Pregnant @entity95 were considered by @entity7452 to be more responsive to low gavage doses of @entity1304 than non-pregnant female or male @entity35 in the acute study selected by USEPA. NOELs for other exposure routes and durations were similar between agencies. @entity7452 and USEPA concurred that a Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA, 1996) Safety Factor is not needed after evaluating all studies including a Developmental @entity2359 study. The SF was reduced to 1x. NOELs generated from this hazard ID will be used to calculate the Margins of Exposure for all scenarios and subsequently the risk characterization for @entity1304 .

title: Human health risk assessment of XXXX . I: Toxicology and hazard identification.

entities_list: @entity7452 :: ('MESH:D004670', 'Disease') :: ['California Department of Pesticide Regulation', 'CDPR']

entities_list: @entity1304 :: ('MESH:D004726', 'Chemical') :: ['endosulfan', 'Endosulfan']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['Neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity1304 :: (MESH:D004726,Chemical) :: ['endosulfan']


abstract: An IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb), designated as 15F1.5, was generated against surface determinants of a @entity235 peripheral blood-derived PHA-induced @entity28634 -dependent T cell line. It reacted with 65-80% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), 90-95% of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), 65-70% of thymocytes, 85-95% of @entity24685 positive cells and 85-95% of @entity28634 -dependent T lymphoid cells in flow cytometry. It was nonreactive with peripheral blood red cells and platelets. It immunoprecipitated 95 and 150 Kd proteins derived from detergent solubilized lymphocyte membranes. Indirect immunofluorescent and immunoperoxidase staining of frozen tissue sections demonstrated positive reactivity to cells in lymphoid but not nonlymphoid tissues. The 15F1.5 antibody was not directly mitogenic for PBMC's. It caused significant decrease (P < or = 0.05) in the lymphoproliferative response to T-dependent B cell mitogens, such as pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and staphage lysate (SPL), without significant effects on responses to the T cell mitogens, phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and concanavalin A (Con A). The mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) response and both the proliferative and effector arms of the cell-mediated @entity137 reactions (CMC) were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. The mAb also inhibited the auto- and allolymphoproliferative reactivity of mixed lymphocyte kidney or islet cell cultures (MLKC and MLIC), and the adhesion of T lymphoblasts and @entity4515 -treated PMNs to endothelial cells. In vivo administration of the 15F1.5 (20 mg/day for 5 days) caused an immediate and prolonged reduction in MLC responses, associated with cell binding of the mAb to PBMC and epitope modulation during the course of treatment, as indicated by flow cytometry. These results suggest that 15F1.5 is an immunomodulating antibody reacting with @entity235 LFA-1. Thus, this mAb would be useful in studying the role of LFA-1/ @entity7258 in graft rejection as well as other inflammatory responses. It would also allow the use of an animal model to investigate the immunoregulatory effects of in vivo administration of anti-CD11/CD18 antibodies in organ/tissue transplants.

title: Characterization of a monoclonal antibody recognizing an epitope designated as XXXX leukocyte-associated antigen.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: Beta-adrenergic blockers (BB) were developed to treat @entity951 . Trials of BB with @entity583 ( @entity583 ) setting were highly successful in the pre-thrombolytic @entity7971 . Subsequently BB proved to be beneficial in post-thrombolytic @entity583 in long-term use. In stable @entity951 BB gives good symptomatic relief primarily by reducing myocardial @entity26 demand. In the set-up of unstable @entity951 /non-ST elevation @entity583 they prevent @entity943 and progression to ST elevation @entity583 . BB have also been shown to retard the progression of @entity731 . In @entity712 ( @entity712 ) they are now the first-line drugs with ACE inhibitors to impart prognostic benefit. Their role in improving outcome of cardiac and non-cardiac surgeries has found good evidence and recommendation. But in the field where BB have scored maximally, ie, in @entity101 , their role is recently debated. But the unchallenged fact remains that in presence of any form of @entity453 , BB are the most preferred class of drugs to treat @entity101 .

title: Beta blockers in XXXX with and without @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive cardiac failure', 'CCF']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Laparoscopic myotomy is the preferred treatment of @entity1318 . Our objectives were to assess the long-term outcome of esophageal myotomy and to identify preoperative factors influencing the outcome. METHODS: Preoperative and long-term outcome data were collected from @entity1 undergoing laparoscopic myotomy for @entity1318 at our institution. The primary endpoint of the study was the postoperative change (delta) in @entity1282 score. This score was calculated by combining the frequency and the severity of @entity1282 . Persistent postoperative @entity1282 was defined as 1 standard deviation less than the mean delta score of all @entity1 . Logistic regression was used to identify independent preoperative factors associated with successful myotomy. RESULTS: A total of 200 consecutive @entity1 were included in the study. At a mean follow-up of 42.1 months, the mean delta @entity1282 score was 7.1 +/- 2.6; therefore, the myotomy was considered successful when the delta score was >4.5. According to this definition, 170 (85%) @entity1 achieved excellent @entity1282 relief (responders). Responders had higher preoperative low esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure than nonresponders: 42.6 +/- 13.1 versus 23.8 +/- 7.0 mm Hg (P = 0.001). High preoperative LES pressure remained an independent predictor of excellent response in the multivariate logistic regression model. @entity1 with LES pressure >35 mm Hg had an odds ratio of 21.3, making more likely to achieve excellent @entity1282 relief after myotomy compared with those with LES pressure < or =35 mm Hg (odds ratio, 21.3; 95% confidence interval, 6.1-73.5, P = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic myotomy can durably relieve symptoms of @entity1282 . Elevated preoperative LES pressure represents the strongest positive outcome predictor.

title: Laparoscopic myotomy for XXXX : predictors of successful outcome after 200 cases.

entities_list: @entity1318 :: ('MESH:D004931', 'Disease') :: ['achalasia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity1318 :: (MESH:D004931,Disease) :: ['achalasia']