abstract: BACKGROUND: Bileaflet @entity3454 ( @entity3454 ) can be associated with malignant @entity943 . It is unknown whether surgical correction alone of this mitral valve pathology leads to a @entity943 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 4477 @entity1 who underwent mitral valve surgery from 1993-2013 at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN. Among these, eight @entity1 with bileaflet @entity3454 who had an @entity3538 ( @entity3538 ) in place both pre- and post-surgery were identified. @entity3538 interrogation records were evaluated for episodes of @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ), @entity2224 ( @entity2224 ), and appropriate @entity3538 shock therapy. RESULTS: Of these eight @entity1 , five had a malignant @entity943 prior to surgery. Data was available 4.6        2.9  years before versus 6.6        4.2  years following surgical intervention. Among these @entity1 , there was a reduction in @entity2224 (0.6 versus 0.14 events per- @entity1 -year pre- and post-surgery, respectively), @entity1165 (0.4 versus 0.05 events per- @entity1 -year pre- and post-surgery, respectively), and @entity3538 shocks (0.95 versus 0.19 events per- @entity1 -year pre- and post-surgery) following mitral valve surgery. CONCLUSIONS: We report a series of cases where the surgical correction of bileaflet @entity3454 alone was associated with a reduction in malignant @entity943 and appropriate shocks. These early observations merit further investigation involving larger cohorts to further evaluate the association between abnormal mechanical forces in @entity179 and @entity943 .

title: Reduction in malignant @entity943 and appropriate shocks following surgical correction of bileaflet XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity3538 :: ('MESH:D002341', 'Disease') :: ['ICD', 'internal cardioverter defibrillator']

entities_list: @entity3454 :: ('MESH:D008945', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve prolapse', 'MVP']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative mitral valve disease']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['VF', 'ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia', 'ventricular arrhythmias', 'ventricular dysrhythmias', 'arrhythmia', 'reduction in ventricular dysrhythmias']

answer: @entity3454 :: (MESH:D008945,Disease) :: ['mitral valve prolapse']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Shared decision making may increase satisfaction with health care and improve outcomes, but little is known about adolescents' decision-making preferences. The primary purpose of this study is to describe the decision-making preferences of adolescents with @entity102 and their parents, and the extent to which they agree. DESIGN: Survey. SETTING AND @entity1 : @entity1 were 82 adolescents seen at one of four paediatric @entity102 subspecialty clinics and 62 of their parents. MAIN VARIABLES: Predictor variables include sociodemographics, health parameters, risk behaviour, and physical and cognitive development. The main outcome variable is preferences for decision-making style. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: When collapsed into three response categories, nearly equal percentages of adolescents (37%) and parents (36%) preferred shared decision making. Overall, the largest proportion of adolescents (46%) and parents (53%) preferred passive decision making compared to active or shared decision making. Across five response choices, 33% of pairs agreed. Agreement was slight and not significant. Improved general health perceptions (OR=0.76, 95% CI=0.59-0.99) and improved behaviour (OR=0.75, 95% CI=0.56-0.99) were significantly associated with parents' preferences for less active decision making. Older age was significantly associated with agreement (OR 1.58, 95% CI=1.09-2.30) between parents and adolescents. The paucity of significant predictor variables may indicate physicians need to inquire directly about @entity1 and parent preferences.

title: Views of treatment decision making from adolescents with XXXX and their parents: a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illnesses', 'chronic illness']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic illnesses']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity650 ( @entity650 ), a marker of @entity32 , is one of the major cytokines released during joint replacement. In the orthopedic @entity1 population, high levels have been linked to many adverse effects including acute @entity649 , postoperative mental status changes, and @entity221 . We looked to assess the efficacy of low-dose @entity230 on the postinflammatory response as measured by @entity650 in @entity1 undergoing bilateral total knee replacement (BTKR). The role of @entity230 has never been evaluated before in that setting. METHODS: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of 30 @entity1 undergoing BTKR. The study was powered in order to detect at least a 25% decrease in @entity650 from control. @entity701 (100 mg) or placebo was given at 2 doses 8 hrs apart to the study and control group respectively. Clinical outcome was assessed as well. RESULTS: Levels of @entity650 were 40% lower in the study group by 10 hrs (P = 0.0037) but were similar to the control group at 24 hrs. Greater hemodynamic stability was noted in the study group with fewer episodes of @entity551 postoperatively (P = 0.031). Range of motion gained on discharge was also greatest in the study group (P = 0.049). Absence of @entity281 and normal wound healing were noted in all @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The use of @entity701 significantly decreased the inflammatory response in @entity1 undergoing BTKR as measured by @entity650 production. Further studies looking at clinical implications of such findings in a larger @entity1 population and with a longer course of @entity230 are warranted.

title: Use of low-dose XXXX in decreasing cytokine release during bilateral total knee replacement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocortisone', 'Hydrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity230 :: (MESH:D013256,Chemical) :: ['steroids']


abstract: Electromagnetic field (EMF) exposures affect many biological systems. The reproducibility of these effects is related to the intensity, duration, frequency, and pattern of the EMF. We have shown that exposure to a specific time-varying EMF can inhibit the growth of malignant cells. Thomas-EMF is a low-intensity, frequency-modulated (25-6 Hz) EMF pattern. Daily, 1 h, exposures to Thomas-EMF inhibited the growth of malignant cell lines including B16-BL6, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and HeLa cells but did not affect the growth of non-malignant cells. Thomas-EMF also inhibited B16-BL6 cell proliferation in vivo. B16-BL6 cells implanted in syngeneic C57b @entity19 and exposed daily to Thomas-EMF produced smaller @entity5 than in sham-treated controls. In vitro studies showed that exposure of malignant cells to Thomas-EMF for > 15 min promoted @entity141 influx which could be blocked by inhibitors of voltage-gated T-type @entity141 channels. Blocking @entity141 uptake also blocked Thomas-EMF-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation. Exposure to Thomas-EMF delayed cell cycle progression and altered @entity1364 expression consistent with the decrease in cell proliferation. Non-malignant cells did not show any EMF-dependent changes in @entity141 influx or cell growth. These data confirm that exposure to a specific EMF pattern can affect cellular processes and that exposure to Thomas-EMF may provide a potential anti- @entity5 therapy.

title: Inhibition of XXXX cell growth by exposure to a specific time-varying electromagnetic field involves T-type calcium channels.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumours']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: Previous studies have shown that @entity5072 and serrated @entity1127 of the colon show variable degrees of gastric and intestinal differentiation. MUCs are a class of approximately 20 genes that encode high-molecular-weight glycoproteins, or mucopolysaccharides, that are widely expressed in epithelial cells and show organ specificity. The role of MUC in serrated @entity105 is unknown. One previously published study suggested that expression of @entity21826 is specific for sessile serrated @entity652 / @entity1127 (SSA/Ps) and thus can be used to distinguish these lesions from @entity1127 ( @entity1127 ). However, data from our group suggest that MUC antibodies are not reliable in this differential diagnosis. The aims of this study were to systematically evaluate the expression of MUCs in serrated @entity1586 and to determine the efficacy of MUC expression in differentiating @entity1127 from SSA/Ps specifically. Routinely processed specimens from 182 serrated @entity1127 [58 @entity1127 , 46 SSA/Ps, 59 SSA/Ps with @entity1141 ( @entity2729 -D), 19 traditional serrated @entity652 , and 38 conventional tubular or tubulovillous @entity652 (CAs)] were immunohistochemically stained with @entity2355 , @entity5091 , @entity5089 , and @entity21826 , and scored for extent, intensity, and location of staining within the @entity1127 . @entity1127 were further subclassified into goblet cell type (N=18), microvesicular type (N=21), and mucin-depleted type (N=19). The data were compared between the different polyp groups and between @entity1127 from different anatomic locations in the colon. @entity2355 , @entity5091 , @entity5089 , and @entity21826 were expressed in 27%, 100%, 100%, and 72% of serrated @entity1127 overall. These antibodies were positive in 32%, 100%, 100%, and 43% of CAs. Expression levels of @entity2355 , @entity5091 , and @entity5089 were not significantly different between any of the polyp subgroups or between serrated @entity1127 and CAs. Both @entity2729 and @entity2729 -D showed a significantly higher percentage of @entity1127 that stained with @entity21826 , and a greater degree and intensity of staining for this peptide in comparison with @entity1127 . Overall, 91% of SSA/Ps and 84% of @entity2729 -Ds were positive for @entity21826 in comparison with 60% of @entity1127 (P<0.001 and P=0.02, respectively). Although @entity1127 from both the left and right colon from each polyp group showed positivity for @entity21826 , a significantly higher proportion of @entity2729 -Ds and traditional serrated @entity652 from the right colon showed @entity21826 positivity compared with those from the left. No differences were noted in @entity21826 staining between each of the 3 HP subgroups. On the basis of these data, we conclude that @entity2729 and @entity2729 -D show increased expression of @entity21826 compared with @entity1127 ; however, because of overlap in the presence, degree, and intensity of staining, use of @entity21826 to differentiate @entity1127 from @entity2729 or @entity2729 -D in individual cases is not reliable because of a lack of specificity. Differences in @entity21826 expression between right-sided and left-sided @entity1586 supports the theory that there may be biological differences in the progression of @entity5 in different portions of the colon with regard to the serrated pathway of @entity105 .

title: MUC expression in @entity5072 and serrated XXXX : lack of specificity of @entity21826 .

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['HPs', 'polyps', 'hyperplastic polyps']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity5072 :: ('MESH:D000796', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplastic']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas', 'adenoma']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['colon polyps', 'colonic polyps']

answer: @entity1586 :: (MESH:D003111,Disease) :: ['colonic polyps']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Ethiopia has scaled up its community-based programs over the past decade by training and deploying @entity283 ( @entity283 ) in rural communities throughout the country. Consequently, @entity1 mortality has declined substantially, placing Ethiopia among the few countries that have achieved the United Nations' fourth Millennium Development Goal. As Ethiopia continues its efforts, results must be assessed regularly to provide timely feedback for improvement and to generate further support for programs. More specifically the expansion of @entity283 at the community level provides a unique opportunity to build a system for real-time monitoring of births and @entity204 , linked to a civil registration and vital statistics system that Ethiopia is also developing. We tested the accuracy and @entity600 and @entity204 reported by trained @entity283 for monitoring @entity1 mortality over 15 -month periods. METHODS AND FINDINGS: @entity283 were trained in 93 randomly selected rural kebeles in Jimma and West Hararghe zones of the Oromia region to report births and @entity204 over a 15-month period from January, 2012 to March, 2013. @entity1939 of births and @entity204 , age distribution of @entity204 , and accuracy of resulting under-five, @entity1 , and neonatal mortality rates were assessed against data from a large household survey with full birth history from @entity1 aged 15-49. Although, in general @entity283 , were able to accurately report events that they identified, the completeness of number of births and @entity204 reported over twelve-month periods was very low and variable across the two zones. Compared to household survey estimates, @entity283 reported only about 30% of births and 21% of under-five @entity204 occurring in their communities over a twelve-month period. The under-five mortality rate was under-estimated by around 30%, @entity1 mortality rate by 23% and neonatal mortality by 17%. @entity283 reported disproportionately higher number of @entity204 among the very young @entity1 than among the older @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Birth and @entity204 data reported by @entity283 are not complete enough to support the monitoring of changes in childhood mortality. @entity283 can significantly contribute to the success of a CRVS in Ethiopia, but cannot be relied upon as the sole source for identification of vital events. Further studies are needed to understand how to increase the level of completeness.

title: Using Health Extension Workers for Monitoring XXXX Mortality in Real-Time: Validation against Household Survey Data in Rural Ethiopia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'infants', 'child', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['health extension workers', 'HEWs']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['completeness of births']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['Completeness of number']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Child']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of @entity291 genetic merit on enteric @entity577 ( @entity578 ) emission rate. The study used a data set from 32 respiration calorimeter studies undertaken at this Institute between 1992 and 2010, with all studies involving lactating Holstein-Friesian dairy @entity291 . @entity291 genetic merit was defined as either @entity894 ( @entity894 ) or profitable lifetime index (PLI), with these two United Kingdom genetic indexes expressing the expected improvement in profit associated with an individual @entity291 , compared with the population average. While @entity894 is based solely on milk production, PLI includes milk production and a number of other functional traits including health, fertility and longevity. The data set had a large range in @entity894 (n=736 records, -  30 to +  63) and PLI (n=548 records, -  131 to +  184), days in milk (18 to 354), energy corrected milk yield (16.0 to 45.6 kg/day) and @entity578 emission (138 to 598 g/day). The effect of @entity291 genetic merit ( @entity894 or PLI) was evaluated using ANOVA and linear mixed modelling techniques after removing the effects of a number of animal and diet factors. The ANOVA was undertaken by dividing each data set of @entity894 and PLI into three sub-groups ( @entity894 :  15, PLI:  67) with these being categorised as low, medium and high genetic merit. Within the @entity894 and PLI data sets there was no significant differences among the three sub-groups in terms of @entity578 emission per kg feed intake or per kg energy corrected milk yield, or @entity578 energy (CH4-E) output as a proportion of energy intake. Linear regression using the whole @entity894 and PLI data sets also demonstrated that there was no significant relationship between either @entity894 or PLI, and @entity578 emission per kg of feed intake or @entity578 -E output as a proportion of energy intake. These results indicate that @entity291 genetic merit ( @entity894 or PLI) has little effect on enteric @entity578 emissions as a proportion of feed intake. Instead enteric @entity578 production may mainly relate to total feed intake and dietary nutrient composition.

title: Is there a relationship between genetic merit and enteric @entity577 emission rate of lactating Holstein-Friesian dairy XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity577 :: ('MESH:D008697', 'Chemical') :: ['methane']

entities_list: @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['profit index', 'PIN']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk for @entity600 associated with @entity281 in pregnancies after a @entity6124 ( @entity6124 ), compared with @entity1 with no prior @entity6124 . DESIGN: Multicentre retrospective cohort study. SETTING USA POPULATION: @entity1 with @entity6124 between 1996 and 2006 were compared with two unexposed groups who had cervical biopsy or Pap test, without any other cervical procedure, in the same calendar year. METHODS: The first pregnancy progressing beyond 20  weeks of gestation in @entity1 with prior @entity6124 was compared with pregnancy in @entity1 without @entity6124 . Stratified analysis according to the presence or the absence of @entity281 during pregnancy was used to investigate whether the risk for @entity600 differed according to the presence or the absence of @entity281 . The interaction between @entity6124 and @entity281 was investigated using multivariable logistic regression with interaction terms, as well as the Mantel-Haenszel test for homogeneity. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Spontaneous @entity600 (<37 and <34  weeks of gestation). RESULTS: Of 1727 @entity1 who met the inclusion criteria, 34.4% (n  =  598) underwent @entity6124 prior to an index pregnancy. There was no increased risk for @entity281 among @entity1 with @entity6124 compared with @entity1 without @entity6124 . @entity1047 and @entity6124 demonstrated significant interaction, suggesting that the presence of @entity1047 in @entity1 with a history of @entity6124 augments the risk for @entity600 , compared with @entity1 with no history of @entity6124 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity281 during pregnancy in @entity1 with a history of @entity6124 may be associated with an increased risk for @entity600 , compared with @entity1 with no history of @entity6124 .

title: Loop electrosurgical excision procedure and risk of XXXX during pregnancy: an observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal infections', 'Vaginal infections', 'infection', 'vaginal infection']

entities_list: @entity6124 :: ('MESH:D001765', 'Disease') :: ['LEEP', 'loop electrosurgical excision procedure']

entities_list: @entity1047 :: ('MESH:D002690', 'Disease') :: ['chlamydia infection', 'Chlamydia infection']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['vaginal infections']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3620 ( @entity3620 ) is an aggressive @entity5 of mesothelial cells of pleural and peritoneal cavities. In 85% of cases both @entity3620 is caused by @entity1355 exposure. Although both are @entity1355 -induced @entity5 , the incidence of @entity3620 is significantly higher (85%) than peritoneal @entity3620 (15%). It has been proposed that @entity105 is a result of @entity1355 -induced @entity32 but it is not clear what contributes to the differences observed between incidences of these two @entity5 . We hypothesize that the observed differences in incidences of @entity3620 are the result of differences in the direct response of these cell types to @entity1355 rather than to differences mediated by the in vivo microenvironment. To test this hypothesis we characterized cellular responses to @entity1355 in a controlled environment. We found significantly greater changes in genome-wide expression in response to @entity1355 exposure in pleural mesothelial cells as compared to peritoneal mesothelial cells. In particular, a greater response in many common genes ( @entity687 , @entity23638 , @entity10149 , @entity10150 , @entity650 , @entity1 ) was seen in pleural mesothelial cells as compared to peritoneal mesothelial cells. Unique genes expressed in pleural mesothelial cells were mainly pro-inflammatory ( @entity1261 , @entity1356 , @entity1192 , @entity13465 ) and have previously been shown to be involved in development of @entity3620 . Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that differences in incidences of @entity3620 upon exposure to @entity1355 are the result of differences in mesothelial cell physiology that lead to differences in the inflammatory response, which leads to @entity5 . J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1540-1552, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Differential Susceptibility of XXXX Pleural and Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells to Asbestos Exposure.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['Malignant mesothelioma', 'MM', 'pleural and peritoneal MM', 'pleural MM']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: Background Context. Cement leakage is not a rare complication of vertebroplasty, but ascending @entity3173 is exceptionally rare. We herein report the first case to our knowledge of this complication related to vertebroplasty. Purpose. We herein report the first case of ascending @entity3173 following epidural cement leakage after percutaneous vertebroplasty in a @entity1 with multiple @entity3814 . Study Design. CASE REPORT: Methods. A 64-year-old @entity1 with T8, T10, L2, and L4 @entity3814 underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty using polymethylmethacrylate. 40 minutes after the procedure the @entity1 started suffering back and leg @entity158 , having repetitive @entity2045 lasting 15 seconds of the lower extremities, @entity2473 , @entity7129 , @entity519 , and @entity520 . Results. The @entity1 recovered completely due to a combination of early effective resuscitation and considered definitive management. Conclusions. Percutaneous vertebroplasty with @entity4625 is relatively safe but has few dangerous complications, which should be prevented by a meticulous technique and excellent image quality.

title: Ascending XXXX after percutaneous vertebroplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4625 :: ('MESH:D019904', 'Chemical') :: ['polymethylmethacrylate']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonic jerks']

entities_list: @entity3814 :: ('MESH:D050815', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic compression fractures']

entities_list: @entity3173 :: ('MESH:D004830', 'Disease') :: ['tonic clonic seizure syndrome']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity2473 :: ('MESH:D013035', 'Disease') :: ['spasm of the back, dyspnea']

entities_list: @entity7129 :: ('MESH:D013616', 'Disease') :: ['sinus tachycardia']

answer: @entity3173 :: (MESH:D004830,Disease) :: ['tonic clonic seizure syndrome']


abstract: In a period from 1982-2002 we noticed five dead among Croatian male physicians aged 34 to 67, during or after recreational physical exercise: swimming, soccer, tennis and jogging. Three of them who were autopsied, have been non-smokers and without previous symptoms. In all @entity301 was found. The left descending anterior artery was stenotic in one and occluded in two, with @entity296 in one. An @entity583 was found in none of them, and in two-left @entity123 15 and 18 mm. We could not find a recent medical record in those physicians including a clinical finding and other findings. Two physicians who were not been autopsied, had possible an @entity167 @entity296 . Both of them were smokers. In Croatia about 7% of the whole population are engaged in recreational physical exercise. In a period of twenty years (1982-2002) we noticed 43 sudden and unexpected deaths during or immediately after physical exercise: it reached 43/6,300,000 @entity944 in Croatia in twenty years or 2.15/315,000 yearly among @entity1 engaged in physical exercise. In Croatia there are 4,957 male physicians-specialists, and a rate of @entity1164 during or immediately after physical exercise in this group reached 5/99,140 in 20 years or 1/19,828 every four years. A medical check up before recreational physical exercise is essential including a clinical examination, a serum concentration of risk factors and other risk factors, an electrocardiogram at rest, a stress test and echocardiography in clinical indication, as are medical controls over @entity1 taking exercise. This study shows that medical evaluation is important because of the underlying problems such as @entity944 during exercise. In non-trained @entity1 and in the elderly a physical exercise should be recommended of a gradually intensity, which could not exceed 6 METs.

title: XXXX due to recreational exercise in physicians.

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy', 'myocardial scars']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity123 :: ('MESH:D024741', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity944 :: (MESH:D003645,Disease) :: ['Sudden death']


abstract: The involvement of soluble growth-promoting factors in stretch-induced @entity1184 of the @entity121 ( @entity121 ) in the @entity1573 wing was investigated. Soluble extracts were prepared from young @entity1573 @entity121 muscles made @entity1184 by passive stretch and from unstretched contralateral controls. Extracts were tested for their ability to stimulate cell proliferation and @entity908 phosphokinase (CPK) activity in primary monolayer cultures of @entity1573 embryo muscle cells. Factors were present in muscle extracts which showed a dose-dependent stimulation of cell proliferation and CPK activity in vitro. Passive stretch for 5 days produced a rapid @entity1184 of the @entity121 which was accompanied by a dramatic increase in the activity of the growth factor(s). Release of stretch resulted in an arrest of growth and an immediate fall in growth factor activity. The difference in growth-stimulating activity between control and stretched @entity121 extracts could be demonstrated in @entity1573 transferrin-sensitive @entity1573 myoblast cultures. Stretch thus induces an increase in a class-specific growth factor, possibly Transferrin, in the @entity121 . Stretched @entity121 extracts stimulated: (a) @entity1573 myoblast proliferation to a greater extent than an optimum concentration of @entity1573 embryo extract, and (b) CPK activity in vitro to a greater extent than excess Transferrin. Both control and stretched @entity121 extracts supported the growth of @entity35 myoblasts. We conclude that @entity121 muscle extracts also contain unknown growth factor(s) which are different from Transferrin.

title: Stretch-induced growth in XXXX wing muscles: role of soluble growth-promoting factors.

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy', 'hypertrophic']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['Patagialis muscle', 'PAT']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chicken']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study evaluated the functional and oncological outcomes of @entity4094 ( @entity4094 ) in comparison with @entity348 ( @entity348 ) for upper-third @entity356 ( @entity356 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The medical records of upper-third @entity356 @entity1 who had undergone @entity4094 (n=192) or @entity348 (n=157) were reviewed. The @entity4094 group was further subdivided into @entity1 who had undergone conventional open @entity4094 (cPG; n=157) or modified laparoscopy-assisted @entity4094 (mLAPG; n=35). @entity1 who had undergone mLAPG had a longer portion of their intra-abdominal esophagus preserved than @entity1 who had undergone cPG. Surgical morbidity, recurrence, long-term nutritional status, and the incidence of @entity354 were compared between the groups. RESULTS: The rate of @entity260 was significantly lower for @entity4094 than @entity348 (16.7% vs. 31.2%), but the five-year overall survival rate was comparable between the two groups (99.3% vs. 96.3%). Postoperative levels of hemoglobin and albumin were significantly higher for @entity1 who had undergone @entity4094 . However, the incidence of @entity354 was higher for @entity4094 than for @entity348 (37.4% vs. 3.7%; P<0.001). mLAPG was related to a lower incidence of @entity354 after @entity4094 (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to @entity348 , @entity4094 showed an advantage in terms of postoperative morbidity and nutrition, and there was a comparable prognosis between the two procedures. Preserving the intra-abdominal esophagus may lower the incidence of @entity354 associated with @entity4094 .

title: Clinical Outcome of Modified Laparoscopy-Assisted Proximal Gastrectomy Compared to Conventional Proximal Gastrectomy or Total Gastrectomy for Upper-Third Early XXXX with Special References to Postoperative @entity354 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['PG', 'proximal gastrectomy']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['total gastrectomy', 'TG']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['reflux esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['EGC', 'early gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Protocols for managing @entity1 with out-of-hospital @entity1167 (OHCA) may vary due to legal, cultural, or socioeconomic concerns. We sought to assess international variation in policies and protocols related to OHCA. METHODS: A brief survey was developed by consensus. Elicited information included protocols for managing @entity1 with nontraumatic OHCA or traumatic OHCA, policies for using @entity4610 ( @entity4610 ) during transportation of @entity1 with ongoing resuscitation, and application of terminations of resuscitation (TOR) rules in prehospital settings in the respondent's city or country. The populations of interest were emergency physicians, medical directors of emergency medical services (EMS), and policy makers. RESULTS: Responses were obtained from eight cities in six Asian countries. Only one (12.5%) city applied TOR rules for OHCAs. Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders were valid in prehospital settings in five (62.5%) cities. All cities used @entity4610 for nontraumatic OHCAs; seven (87.5%) cities did not routinely use @entity4610 for traumatic OHCAs. For nontraumatic OHCAs, four (50%) cities performed 2  minutes of on-scene cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and then transported the @entity1 with ongoing resuscitation to hospitals; three (37.5%) cities performed 4  minutes of on-scene CPR; one (12.5%) city allowed variation in the duration of on-scene CPR. CONCLUSION: International variation in practices and polices related to OHCAs do exist. Concerns regarding prehospital TOR rules include medical evidence, legal considerations, EMS manpower, public perception, medical oversight, education, EMS characteristics, and cost-effectiveness analysis. Further research is needed to achieve consensus regarding management protocols, especially for EMS that perform resuscitation during transportation of OHCA @entity1 .

title: Variation of current protocols for managing out-of-hospital XXXX in prehospital settings among Asian countries.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4610 :: ('MESH:D009886', 'Disease') :: ['AEDs', 'automated external defibrillators']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: 1. The release of @entity1812 (BK) and its metabolite, @entity51836 (des-Arg9-BK), was studied following reperfusion of a globally ischaemic @entity35 heart. 2. BK-like immunoreactivity increased from 13 +/- 3 (preischaemic value) to 48 +/- 12 fmol min-1 g-1 (P < 0.05, n = 14) 30 s after reperfusion. No difference in BK release was found between control hearts and hearts pretreated with the angiotensin converting enzyme ( @entity1811 or @entity1811 ) inhibitor, @entity17914 (50 ng ml-1). 3. No significant change in des-Arg9-BK-like immunoreactivity during reperfusion was observed in control hearts. In contrast, des-Arg9-BK-like immunoreactivity rose from 44 +/- 15 to 177 +/- 61 fmol min-1 g-1 (P < 0.05, n = 7) 30 s after reperfusion in enalaprilat-treated hearts. 4. In conclusion, BK is released upon reperfusion of the globally ischaemic @entity35 heart. @entity1811 inhibitors, through the inhibition of @entity1811 , increase the formation of the active metabolite, des-Arg9-BK.

title: Effect of enalaprilat on XXXX and des-Arg9- @entity1812 release following reperfusion of the ischaemic @entity35 heart.

entities_list: @entity17914 :: ('MESH:D015773', 'Chemical') :: ['enalaprilat']

entities_list: @entity1812 :: ('MESH:D001920', 'Chemical') :: ['bradykinin']

entities_list: @entity51836 :: ('MESH:C024626', 'Chemical') :: ['des-Arg9-bradykinin']

answer: @entity1812 :: (MESH:D001920,Chemical) :: ['bradykinin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The Gubbio Study is an Italian population study measuring risk factors for and incidence of major @entity65 . This analysis investigates the association of serum @entity414 with the incidence of coronary and cardiovascular events. METHODS: A population sample of 2469 @entity1 and @entity1 aged 35-74 years, free from major @entity65 and in whom serum @entity414 was measured in 1983 along with other standard risk factors, were followed up for 6 years and the incidence of @entity301 ( @entity301 ) and all @entity65 (CVD) events, both fatal and non-fatal, was computed. Proportional hazards models were used for the prediction of these events. RESULTS: In six years 61 @entity301 hard criteria, 109 @entity301 any criterion and 149 CVD events were recorded. Age-adjusted rates per 1000 of the 3 event categories were computed in sex-specific quintiles (Q) of serum @entity414 with 428 +/- 76 (Q5) and 198 +/- 42 (Q1) micromol/l, respectively. Although higher rates were seen in Q5 as compared to Q1 for all three first event categories considered (relative risks 6.2, 3.6 and 3.7, respectively), a statistically significant trend was seen only for CVD all criteria (t = 3.63, p < 0.036). These trends were borderline significant for @entity301 any criterion (t = 2.92, p < 0.06) and not significant for @entity301 hard criteria (t = 2.23, p < 0.11). In multivariate models, adjusted for 8 other risk factors, serum @entity414 showed a statistically significant contribution to predict CVD incidence [relative risk (RR) for 92 micromol/l difference of 1.24 with 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.05-1.45], whereas the statistical contribution to predict @entity301 any criterion (RR = 1.19 with CI 0.98-1.45) and @entity301 hard criteria (RR = 1.20 with CI 0.93-1.55) was not significant. Diuretic treatment and blood @entity1133 , as further confounders, were positively and significantly related to event incidence (RR ranging from 1.21 to 2.00) but serum @entity414 maintained its independent and statistically significant role in the prediction of CVD events (RR = 1.18 with CI 1.00-1.39). Presence of specific treatments to lower serum @entity414 levels (in 1.13% of the population), tested as final confounders, was not statistically contributory. CONCLUSIONS: Increased serum @entity414 levels are independently and significantly associated with risk of CVD events in the 6-year follow-up of the Gubbio Study. Longer follow-up is needed before the contributory role of serum @entity414 can be properly assessed to explain @entity301 incidence.

title: Serum XXXX for short-term prediction of @entity65 incidence in the Gubbio population Study.

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases', 'cardiovascular atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity414 :: (MESH:D014527,Chemical) :: ['uric acid']


abstract: Peripheral and central oculomotor organization was studied in the @entity2083 . The sizes of the extraocular muscles were quantified by counting the fibers contained in a given muscle and by area measurements of the cross-sectional surfaces. All the muscles were of approximately similar size. Kinematics were determined by electrical stimulation of a given muscle. The macroscopic appearance and kinematics of the muscles had the characteristics of other lateral-eyed animals (e.g., @entity95 ). Locations of extraocular motor neurons were found by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) following injections into individual extraocular muscles. The eye muscles were innervated by four ipsilateral (lateral rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, inferior rectus) and two contralateral (superior rectus, superior oblique) motor neuron pools. The oculomotor nucleus was found in the midbrain, at the level of the caudal zone of the @entity75 . Inferior rectus motor neurons were located rostrally in the oculomotor nucleus, whereas medial rectus, superior rectus, and inferior oblique motor neurons were intermingled in its more caudal portions. All labelled cells were located dorsally and medially to the @entity3057 ( @entity3057 ) in close proximity to either the floor of the ventricle or the midline region. Occasionally, motor neurons were interspersed within the fiber bundles of the @entity3057 or the exiting fibers of the oculomotor nerve. The trochlear nucleus, containing superior oblique motor neurons, was found in the immediate lateral and caudal neighborhood of the oculomotor nucleus, where its rostral border overlapped with the caudal border of the latter. The abducens nucleus, containing lateral rectus motor neurons, was located in the posterior brainstem in the neighborhood of the vestibular nuclear complex. This nucleus was divided into a rostral and a caudal portion. The axons of ipsilaterally projecting motor neurons headed toward their respective nerve roots via the shortest possible route, as did the axons of superior rectus motor neurons, which crossed the midline without detour to enter the contralateral oculomotor nerve. In contrast, trochlear motor neuron axons arched around the dorsal aspect of the ventricle through the cerebellar commissure to reach the contralateral trochlear nerve. The morphology of individual motor neurons was visualized by intrasomatic injection of HRP. Cell somata had oblong shapes, and their large dendrites were oriented laterally and ventrally. The axons did not collateralize within the midbrain region or the oculomotor nerve as far as they could be traced.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Peripheral and central oculomotor organization in the XXXX , @entity2083 .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['inferior lobe of the hypothalamus']

entities_list: @entity3057 :: ('MESH:D017887', 'Disease') :: ['medial longitudinal fasciculus', 'MLF']

answer: @entity2083 :: (7957,Species) :: ['goldfish']


abstract: The effect of @entity5897 on intracellular @entity460 levels ([ @entity141 ]i) in Madin Darby @entity235 kidney (MDCK) cells was studied using @entity593 as the @entity141 indicator. @entity5897 increased [ @entity141 ]i dose-dependently at concentrations of 5-100 microM. The [ @entity141 ]i transient consisted of an initial rise, a gradual decay and an elevated plateau (220 s after addition of the drug). Removal of extracellular @entity141 partly reduced the @entity5897 response. @entity3281 quench of @entity593 fluorescence confirmed that @entity5897 induced @entity141 influx. The @entity5897 -sensitive intracellular @entity141 store overlapped with that sensitive to @entity2426 , an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum @entity141 pump, because 20 microM @entity5897 depleted the @entity2426 (1 microM)-sensitive store, and conversely, @entity2426 abolished @entity5897 -induced internal @entity141 release. @entity5897 (20-50 microM) partly inhibited the capacitative @entity141 entry induced by 1 microM @entity2426 , measured by depleting intracellular @entity141 store in @entity141 -free medium followed by addition of 10 mM @entity15130 . @entity5897 induced capacitative @entity141 entry on its own. Pretreatment with 0.1 mM La3+ partly inhibited 20 microM @entity5897 -induced @entity3281 quench of @entity593 fluorescence and [ @entity141 ]i rise, suggesting that @entity5897 induced @entity141 influx via two pathways separable by 0.1 mM @entity11329 . @entity5897 -induced internal @entity141 release was not altered when the cytosolic level of @entity671 (IP3) was substantially inhibited by the phospholipase C inhibitor @entity4385 .

title: Mechanisms of @entity5897 -induced rise in cytoplasmic XXXX concentrations in Madin Darby @entity235 kidney (MDCK) cells.

entities_list: @entity671 :: ('MESH:D015544', 'Chemical') :: ['inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate']

entities_list: @entity5897 :: ('MESH:D008825', 'Chemical') :: ['miconazole', 'Miconazole']

entities_list: @entity2426 :: ('MESH:D019284', 'Chemical') :: ['thapsigargin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: @entity15 ( @entity15 ) does occur in India but it is rare. No epidemiological studies have been done. The calculations based on the hospital data suggest an approximate prevalence rate of 0.17 to 1.33 per 100,000 of population in different parts of India. One hundred and five @entity1 with clinically definite @entity15 (2 proven at autopsy) and 14 @entity1 with @entity1652 were seen in the Bombay region from 1957 to 1983. The mean age of onset for @entity15 @entity1 was 27.7 years. There were 60 female and 45 male @entity1 . The clinical data in this larger series confirm the conclusions reached earlier, namely that the Indian @entity15 @entity1 are more akin to those reported from Japan and other Asian countries as compared to the West. The relative incidence of @entity1652 was high (6%). The optico-spinal form of @entity15 was the commonest (71.4%). In @entity1 with clinically definite @entity15 there was a high incidence of optic nerve involvement, both at the onset and during the course of the disease; sensory level occurred in a large number of @entity1 and cerebellar involvement was less frequent. @entity15 in this series affected @entity1 of all communities and different dietary habits. @entity15 was more common in the higher socioeconomic group whereas @entity1652 was mainly seen in @entity1 in the low socioeconomic group.

title: XXXX --Indian experience.

entities_list: @entity1652 :: ('MESH:D009471', 'Disease') :: ['neuromyelitis optica']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple sclerosis', 'MS']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['Multiple sclerosis']


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with life dissatisfaction in symptomatic @entity1 (n = 144) with @entity662 subsequently diagnosed as @entity301 ( @entity301 ) by coronary angiography. Life dissatisfaction was assessed with a four-item life satisfaction scale (LS), @entity308 with the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and other @entity146 symptoms with the symptom check list (SCL). DSM-III-R @entity2270 I and @entity2270 II @entity146 diagnoses were performed by means of the Structured Clinical Interview. All assessments took place one day before angiography. Twenty-four per cent of @entity301 @entity1 were dissatisfied with their lives. Life dissatisfaction was associated with being unmarried. Dissatisfied @entity1 had @entity146 and @entity1314 more frequently than others. Psychiatric and @entity308 according to the SCL and BDI, respectively, were also higher among dissatisfied @entity1 . In multiple logistic regression analyses, @entity146 were related to life dissatisfaction when age, sex, employment status, New York Heart Association class, duration of @entity662 and work load were controlled in the model. Married subjects had a lower probability of being dissatisfied with their lives than other subjects (Odds Ratio, OR: 0.23). When BDI scores were included in the model, the only factor independently associated with life dissatisfaction was the severity of @entity308 (OR: 1.81). To conclude, life dissatisfaction is not primarily determined by the severity of @entity301 but by the existence of @entity308 .

title: Life satisfaction in XXXX with @entity662 subsequently diagnosed as @entity301 --connection through @entity308 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain symptoms', 'chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['Axis II personality disorders']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders', 'psychiatric', 'Axis I mental disorders']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine time trends and geographical variations in the incidence of major amputation for peripheral @entity455 and whether lower rates of amputation were related to higher rates of arterial reconstruction. DESIGN: Analysis of Scottish hospital discharge data. SETTING: Scotland 1981-1990. MATERIALS: @entity1 undergoing major amputation or arterial reconstruction for peripheral @entity455 . CHIEF OUTCOME MEASURES: Time trends in age-sex standardised rates of major amputation and arterial reconstruction, and correlation between the rates of these operations by health board. MAIN RESULTS: In Scotland, between 1981 and 1990, the incidence of major amputation fell by 22% (p < 0.001). Inconsistencies were observed within different age-sex groups. In the population under 65 years of age the incidence of amputation fell by 45% (p < 0.001), whereas in those over 65 years the incidence increased by 54% (p < 0.001). Amputation rates fell in @entity1 but a paradoxical increase was observed in @entity1 . Between 1981 and 1990, rates of arterial reconstruction doubled (p < 0.001), with an increase in all age-sex groups. Rates of amputation and reconstruction varied between health boards of residence, with a positive correlation (r = 0.5) between rates of operations within health board. Therefore areas with higher reconstruction rates tended to have higher amputation rates. CONCLUSIONS: In Scotland, the incidence of amputation has fallen during a period when reconstruction rates have risen greatly. However inconsistencies in time trends by age-sex groups, and the lack of an inverse correlation by health board of residence, suggest that fewer amputations are unlikely to be due solely to an increase in reconstructive surgery.

title: Declining incidence of amputation for XXXX in Scotland.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['arterial disease']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['arterial disease']


abstract: @entity12945 ( @entity12945 ) quantification and analysis has been successfully applied to functional imaging studies of @entity302 in adults. The present study evaluated whether localisation of the epileptogenic zone (determined by @entity12945 ) improves upon visually examined single-photon emission tomography (SPET) imaging in presurgical assessment of @entity1 with @entity1315 ( @entity1315 ) and @entity4940 ( @entity4940 ). The @entity1 sample consisted of 24 @entity1 (15 males) aged 2.1-17.8 years (9.8+/-4.3 years; mean+/-SD) with intractable @entity1315 or @entity4940 . SPET imaging was acquired routinely in presurgical evaluation. All @entity1 images were transformed into the standard stereotactic space of the adult @entity12945 SPET template prior to @entity12945 statistical analysis. Individual @entity1 images were contrasted with an adult control group of 22 healthy adult females. Resultant statistical parametric maps were rendered over the @entity12945 canonical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Two corresponding sets of ictal and interictal @entity12945 and SPET images were then generated for each @entity1 . Experienced clinicians independently reviewed the image sets, blinded to clinical details. Concordance of the reports between @entity12945 and SPET images, syndrome classification and MRI abnormality was studied. A fair level of inter-rater reliability (kappa=0.73) was evident for @entity12945 localisation. @entity12945 was concordant with SPET in 71% of all @entity1 , the majority of the discordance being from the @entity4940 group. @entity12945 and SPET localisation were concordant with @entity302 in 80% of the @entity1315 cases. Concordant localisation to syndrome was worse for both @entity12945 (33%) and SPET (44%) in the @entity4940 group. Data from a small sample of @entity1 with varied focal structural pathologies suggested that @entity12945 performed poorly relative to SPET in these cases. Concordance of @entity12945 and SPET with syndrome was lower in @entity1 younger than 6 years than in those aged 6 years and above. @entity12945 is effective in localising the potential epileptogenic zone but does not provide additional benefit beyond SPET in presurgical assessment of @entity1 with intractable @entity302 . The impact of different pathologies on the efficacy of @entity12945 warrants further study.

title: Application of statistical parametric mapping to SPET in the assessment of intractable childhood XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['TLE', 'temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy syndrome', 'epilepsy', 'partial epilepsy syndromes']

entities_list: @entity12945 :: ('MESH:D010249', 'Disease') :: ['SPM', 'Statistical parametric mapping']

entities_list: @entity4940 :: ('MESH:D017034', 'Disease') :: ['FLE', 'frontal lobe epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Approximately 20% to 30% of @entity1 with @entity12697 ( @entity12697 ) have asymmetric @entity4346 ( @entity4346 ) and LV outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). The role of surgical myectomy in such @entity1 is unknown. We sought to compare clinical features and outcomes of @entity1 with @entity12697 and LVOTO with age- and gender-matched @entity1 with nonsyndromic, obstructive @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ) after myectomy. Two cohorts were selected and retrospectively analyzed using Mayo Clinic databases from 1996 to 2014. Subjects included @entity1 with @entity12697 with @entity4346 and LVOTO and nonsyndromic controls with obstructive @entity1121 . Twenty-three @entity1 with @entity12697 and @entity4346 were identified, of whom 12 (8 males) underwent myectomy (10 septal and 2 combined septal/apical) for severe LVOTO (10 pediatric and 2 adults; 13    10  year old [range 1 to 39]). Similar echocardiographic improvements were noted in both groups. There were no perioperative @entity204 . Residual gradients were slightly higher in @entity1 with @entity12697 . No improvement was noted in left atrial volume after myectomy in @entity1 with @entity12697 . At early follow-up, the majority showed improvement in the New York Heart Association class (88% in @entity12697 vs 82% in @entity1121 , median of 6 and 2  months, respectively). At late follow-up (median of 7  years), the survival rate was 92% in @entity12697 and 100% in @entity1121 . In @entity1 with @entity12697 with @entity4346 and symptomatic LVOTO, myectomy reduces both gradient and the New York Heart Association class, similar to @entity1 with @entity1121 . Residual gradients were slightly higher, and left @entity384 persisted in @entity1 with @entity12697 . In conclusion, myectomy should be considered in @entity1 older than 1 year with @entity12697 and symptomatic LVOTO.

title: Surgical Ventricular Septal Myectomy for XXXX With Noonan Syndrome and Symptomatic Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction.

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['atrial dilation']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy', 'LVH']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['nonsyndromic obstructive HC', 'HC', 'hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity12697 :: ('MESH:D009634', 'Disease') :: ['NS', 'Noonan syndrome']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Dysfunction of the frontal lobe is considered to be central to the pathology of @entity161 . However, the nature of these abnormalities is unclear, in particular whether they are affected by treatment. In an earlier functional MRI study of our group we found dorsolateral prefrontal lobe (DLPFC) dysfunction to be present in medication-naive first-episode @entity1 . In this follow-up study, we investigated whether treatment with atypical antipsychotics had an effect on DLPFC functioning, and whether (change in) DLPFC functioning was related to treatment response. Twenty-three medication-naive, first-episode male @entity161 @entity1 and 33 matched healthy controls were scanned at baseline and were re-scanned after 10 weeks, while performing a modified Sternberg working-memory task. We specifically investigated the effect of practice on brain activation, defined as the signal change between a novel and practiced working-memory task. After the baseline scan, @entity1 were treated with atypical antipsychotics. Based on their symptom change after ten weeks, @entity1 were divided into responders and non-responders We found DLPFC function did not change after 10 weeks in healthy controls or in @entity1 who received treatment. However, while @entity1 who responded to treatment did not differ from controls, non-responders showed a reduced practice effect in the DLPFC that was present already at baseline, which did not change after treatment. A reduced practice effect in the DLFPC at baseline was found to be predictive of poor treatment response at 10 weeks. These results suggest that prefrontal @entity75 reflects a distinct neuropathological substrate in a subgroup of treatment non-responsive @entity161 @entity1 .

title: @entity75 predicts treatment response in medication-naive first-episode XXXX .

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['lobe dysfunction']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Proto-oncogene survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family of proteins. The presence of serous antibodies against survivin in @entity1 with @entity785 has been previously reported; however, there are few reports regarding the pathophysiological relationship between survivin and @entity785 . We herein investigated the expression and function of survivin in SSc @entity1 . METHODS: We performed immunohistochemistry analyses to determine the expression of @entity9846 , cIAP and survivin in @entity272 from @entity1 with SSc and non-SSc. The expression levels of survivin in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from SSc @entity1 and healthy controls were evaluated using RT-PCR and flow cytometry. Additionally, the function of survivin was verified with overexpression experiments using monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs). RESULTS: The expression patterns of both @entity9846 and cIAP were similar, while only the survivin expression differed between the SSc and non-SSc @entity272 . Survivin-overexpressing cells were detected in the SSc dermis frequently. The positive rate of survivin in SSc dermis (64.3  %, 9/14) was higher than that in non-SSc dermis (11.2  %, 1/9). Furthermore, survivin(+) cells expressed @entity4896 , one of the DC markers. Real-time PCR and FACS analyses revealed that the survivin-WT (wild type) expression levels in PBMCs, in particular @entity5750 (+) monocytes, from SSc @entity1 were higher than that from healthy controls. Additionally, the overexpression experiments showed that survivin-WT-overexpressing @entity4896 (+) Mo-DCs have the characteristics of promoting cell cycle progression and decreasing apoptotic cells. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that dermal survivin(+) @entity4896 (+) cell infiltration may be a potential biomarker of SSc @entity272 . PBMCs and monocytes from SSc @entity1 also overexpressed survivin; therefore, dermal survivin(+) DC may be derived from peripheral blood monocytes. Additionally, survivin may be involved in dermal @entity4896 (+) DC proliferation through cell cycle activation and resistance to apoptosis. Survivin may be an important molecule for the pathogenesis of SSc.

title: @entity4896 (+) survivin(+) dendritic cell infiltration in dermal lesions of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis']

answer: @entity785 :: (MESH:D012595,Disease) :: ['systemic sclerosis']


abstract: In vivo studies were conducted in @entity35 to determine the role of @entity4854 and hypoinsulinemia in the previously reported @entity409 and increase in the serum concentrations of 70-kDa @entity941 -dextran (FD-70) in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) rats. The serum, urine, and hepatic concentrations of FD-70 were measured by size exclusion chromatography after i.v. administration of a single doses (5 mg/kg) of FD-70. Intravenous administration of a single 2 IU/kg dose of insulin to @entity6 @entity35 at time zero or 4 h after the administration of FD-70 resulted in an increase in some and no change in other animals in their rate of elimination of FD-70 from serum. The presence or absence of a significant insulin effect on the disposition of FD-70 in these animals was, respectively, associated with the presence or absence of a significant insulin-induced hypoglycemic effect. Fasting @entity6 @entity35 for 24 h caused normoglycemia, and subsequently, the disposition of FD-70 became similar to that in @entity7964 ( @entity7964 ) @entity35 . Likewise, i.p. injections of @entity413 to @entity7964 @entity35 rendered them hyperglycemic, and the disposition of FD-70 in these @entity35 became similar to that in untreated @entity6 animals. However, i.v. injection of @entity413 , which did not result in sustained @entity4854 , did not change the disposition of FD-70 in @entity7964 @entity35 . Further, the disposition of FD-70 remained unaffected by an i.v. 2 IU/kg dose of insulin administered to @entity7964 @entity35 at time zero. Considering all animals, there was a significant negative relationship between the 12-h hepatic recovery of FD-70 and the area under the serum concentration-time curves of @entity413 . It is concluded that the @entity409 of FD-70 in @entity6 @entity35 is due to @entity4854 and not

title: @entity6 -induction XXXX of 70-kDA dextran: role of @entity4854 and hypoinsulinemia.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'D']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in the hepatic accumulation']

entities_list: @entity7964 :: ('OMIM:612551', 'Disease') :: ['nondiabetic', 'ND']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['reduction in the hepatic accumulation']


abstract: A 64-year-old right-handed @entity1 was admitted because of increasing clumsiness of the right hand and difficulty in walking since 8 months earlier. The WAIS revealed verbal IQ 124, performance IQ 104 and full scale IQ 115. Neurological examination revealed slight @entity4653 and @entity1319 . The right upper extremity showed Gegenhalten, @entity400 , @entity3520 , marked grasp reflex, grasping and groping behavior. @entity717 were slow and clumsy on the right side. However, neither ideational nor ideomotor apraxia was observed. Tendon reflexes were slightly exaggerated on the right side. Plantar responses were normal. The @entity1 had difficulty in initiating forward walking and turning movements. Once started, he walked dragging his right foot ahead of the left with short steps. A line on the floor was of no benefit. He could not stride across the line on the floor in front of him. Analysis of gait with floor reaction force revealed that the single step rhythm of his frozen gait was about 1.5 Hz, which contrasted with the high frequency seen in @entity191 . MRI demonstrated @entity194 of the frontal and parietal lobes on both sides. 123I-IMP single-photon emission CT demonstrated severe hypoperfusion of the left frontal and parietal lobes. Frozen or shuffling gait is a popular symptom as well as unsteady gait and tendency to fall in @entity528 . It may result from @entity75 . Lack of improvement in freezing by the visual input contrasts with @entity191 and may be related to dysfunction of the mesial part of the frontal lobe or the parietal lobe involved in @entity528 .

title: [Analysis of gait disturbance in a XXXX with @entity528 ].

entities_list: @entity3520 :: ('MESH:D020821', 'Disease') :: ['dystonic elbow flexion']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['the frontal lobe dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Voluntary movements']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['corticobasal degeneration']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['normal eye movements']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to @entity73 , disabilities and health related Quality of Life (QOL) after treatment of @entity0 and to analyse the relationship between treatment modalities, impairments, disabilities and health related QOL. METHOD: Fifty-five @entity1 who underwent a modified radical mastectomy or a segmental mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection were retrospectively assessed with a mean follow up of 2.7 years after treatment. Impairments were assessed by means of measuring active shoulder range of motion, grip strength, arm volume and @entity158 . Disabilities were assessed by means of the Shoulder Disability Questionnaire (SDQ) and health related QOL was assessed by means of the RAND 36-item Health Survey (RAND-36). SETTING: University Hospital Groningen (The Netherlands). RESULTS: @entity158 (60%) and reduction of grip-strength (40%) were the most frequent impairments found. The prevalence of @entity73 and @entity4 was 9 - 16% respectively 15%. Mean group score of the SDQ was 33.7 (sd: 32.1) and mean scores of the RAND-36 differed significantly for physical functioning, vitality and health perception to that of a female norm group. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy were significant factors in the prediction of @entity73 . @entity158 and restricted range of motion explained 61% respectively 12% of the variance in disability (SDQ). In the prediction of health related QOL, @entity158 , grip strength and arm volume were significant factors respectively in six, three and two domains. CONCLUSIONS: @entity158 is the most frequent @entity73 after @entity0 treatment with strong relationship to perceived disability and health related QOL. Disability is mild and health related QOL (RAND-36) differed in three of the nine domains with a female norm group.

title: Impairments, disabilities and health related quality of life after treatment for XXXX : a follow-up study 2.7 years after surgery.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired range of motion', 'assess impairments', 'assessed impairment']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The authors evaluated the effectiveness of brace-only treatment, physical therapy, and the combination of these for @entity1 with @entity2633 . METHODS: @entity1 were randomized over 3 groups: brace-only treatment, physical therapy, and the combination of these. Main outcome measures were success rate, severity of complaints, @entity158 , disability, and satisfaction. Data were analyzed using both intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses. Follow-up was 1 year. RESULTS: A total of 180 @entity1 were randomized. Physical therapy was superior to brace only at 6 weeks for @entity158 , disability, and satisfaction. Contrarily, brace-only treatment was superior on ability of daily activities. Combination treatment was superior to brace on severity of complaints, disability, and satisfaction. At 26 weeks and 52 weeks, no significant differences were identified. CONCLUSION: Conflicting results were found. Brace treatment might be useful as initial therapy. Combination therapy has no additional advantage compared to physical therapy but is superior to brace only for the short term.

title: Conservative treatment of XXXX : brace versus physical therapy or a combination of both-a randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity2633 :: ('MESH:D013716', 'Disease') :: ['tennis elbow']

answer: @entity2633 :: (MESH:D013716,Disease) :: ['lateral epicondylitis']


abstract: Surgery is the treatment of choice in @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). A pivotal of eligibility for resection is the early stage of the disease and histopathological assessment. The performance status and comorbidities in population, predominated by elderly @entity1 , also influence the therapeutic decisions. In some @entity2 @entity1 @entity1030 coexists, characterized by a decrease in lung function. Then the preoperative evaluation is particularly important, for both the risk of @entity260 , lung function and quality of life postoperatively. Recently several recommendations for preoperative evaluation of @entity1 being considered for surgery were published. The guidelines of BTS (2001, 2010), ACCP (2007, 2013) and joint recommendations of ERS and ESTS (2009) have been based on the currently available research results, and indicated the algorithms. The recommendations ERS/ESTS and ACCP distinguished cardiac risk estimation in all @entity1 , which should precede the evaluation of lung function. According to the latest recommendations (ACCP 2013) the next step is spirometry, DLCO measurement and calculation of predicted postoperative values for both parameters. The low-technology exercise tests (stair climbing, shuttle walk test) were assigned as valuable to discriminate @entity1 at low and intermediate perioperative risk. The cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is recommended to be performed at the final qualification for surgery in @entity1 with high risk. It was also stressed that therapeutic decisions should be taken multidisciplinary, allowing to estimate the risk of complications and to evaluate the expected quality of life in the postoperative time.

title: [Assessment of respiratory function in the qualification for XXXX surgery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study aims to evaluate the long-term outcome of major @entity2347 ( @entity2347 ). This is a retrospective review of 54 cases of @entity2347 during a 35-year period from 1974 to 2009 at the Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. Medical records and histological samples were reviewed. All @entity1 had a minimum follow-up time of 5  years or until @entity204 . Most of the @entity5 occurred in the parotid gland (n   =   30, 56  %) followed by submandibular gland (n   =   22, 41  %) and sublingual gland (n   =   2, 4  %). Fifty-two @entity1 (96  %) were treated with curative intent. All of these @entity1 except one were primarily treated with surgery, and 29 @entity1 (54  %) also received postoperative radiotherapy for their primary @entity5 . Two @entity1 (4  %) received palliative radiotherapy. For those treated with curative intent, 32 @entity1 (62  %) had disease recurrence. Twenty-four @entity1 (75  %) had their first disease recurrence within 5  years and eight @entity1 (25  %) later than 5  years. The difference in the length of recurrence-free time interval (<5 vs. >5  years) had a significant impact on 5-year overall survival (OS) and @entity66 ( @entity66 ). The OS, @entity66 and disease-free survival (DFS) across stages I-IV varied between 46-100, 50-100 and 46-100  %, respectively. Age over 45  years, T stage, and presence of neck metastases had a significant negative prognostic effect. More than half of the @entity1 had recurrent disease. An extended follow-up for these @entity1 seems feasible as most of the distant metastases were detected within a 10-year period.

title: Pattern of recurrent disease in major XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['DSS', 'disease-specific survival']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['salivary gland adenocystic carcinoma', 'ACC']

answer: @entity2347 :: (MESH:D003528,Disease) :: ['salivary gland adenocystic carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 565 Background: In order to shorten the conventional 6-7 week radiation treatment time, and to treat only the tissue at greatest risk for recurrence, this phase II trial evaluates partial breast irradiation with 4-5 days of interstitial brachytherapy as an alternative to external beam. METHODS: Eligibility criteria included @entity1 (pts) with invasive <=  3cm @entity1137 , 0-3 positive axillary nodes with no extracapsular extension and at least 6 nodes removed, negative surgical margins, no residual suspicious microcalcifications, no extensive intraductal component, and no @entity1413 . After lumpectomy and axillary dissection, pts were treated with either high (34 Gy in 10 fractions over 5 days) or low (45 Gy in 3.5-5 days) dose rate ( @entity3831 or LDR) brachytherapy. Treatment volume was the lumpectomy cavity plus 2cm, except where limited by chest wall or skin. Systemic therapy was given after brachytherapy at physician discretion. Endpoints included local and regional control, disease-free (DFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). RESULTS: One hundred pts were enrolled and one was ineligible because only a sentinel node was removed. Median follow-up is 3.7 years, range 0.6-5.7. Eighty-seven pts had T1 and 12 had T2 @entity5 . Seventy-nine were pathologically N0 and 20 were N1. The actuarial 4-year breast and nodal recurrence rate is 3% (3 pts, all @entity3831 , T1N0 x2 and T1N1) and 3% (2 pts, both @entity3831 , T1N0 x2), respectively. Distant @entity3 occurred in 6 pts, 3 T1N0 and 3 T2N1, for an actuarial 4-year rate of 6%, @entity3831 8% and LDR 4%. DFS and @entity1349 were 85% and 93% at 4 years (82% and 95% @entity3831 , 90% and 90% LDR). @entity0 developed in 3 pts, 1 @entity3831 and 2 LDR. Six pts had non-breast second primaries, 4 @entity3831 and 2 LDR. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that partial breast brachytherapy on this RTOG trial yields excellent @entity5 control at this early analysis (<1% local failure per year), warranting support for a future phase III trial. [Table: see text].

title: A phase II trial of brachytherapy alone following lumpectomy for stage I or II XXXX : initial outcomes of RTOG 9517.

entities_list: @entity1137 :: ('MESH:D018275', 'Disease') :: ['non-lobular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Contralateral breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1413 :: ('MESH:D003095', 'Disease') :: ['collagen vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To quantify differences in the kinematics of lifting between @entity1 with @entity1643 after pregnancy and @entity1 without. DESIGN: Comparison study. SETTING: Research laboratory. @entity1 : Volunteer sample of 7 @entity1 with @entity158 (positive @entity158 drawing, no physical examination) and 9 female controls (not matched). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Duration of downward and upward phases, relative instant of box lift-off, joint angles, spatial angles of trunk and pelvis, pelvic angle relative to trunk, and phase angle relationships between joints. RESULTS: The duration of the upward phase +/- standard deviation was longer in the @entity158 group (1731+/-290 ms vs 1489+/-187 ms, P=.031). At box lift-off, this group had less @entity572 (101.9 degrees +/-20.8 degrees vs 78.7 degrees +/-12.4 degrees, P=.015) but more backward pelvis tilt relative to the trunk, that is, more lumbar spine flexion (126.3 degrees +/-16.8 degrees vs 109.0 degrees +/-12.3 degrees, P=.031). The @entity158 group showed an immediate transition from lumbar spine flexion to extension, whereas the controls maintained peak flexion for about 600 ms. The peak phase lag between knee and hip joint extension in the upward phase was larger for the @entity158 group (-29.7 degrees +/-8.3 degrees vs -17.2 degrees +/-5.5 degrees, P=.003). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity1643 after pregnancy showed different kinematics of lifting. Further research is needed to determine the exact relationship between the altered kinematics and the underlying disorder.

title: Joint coordination during whole-body lifting in @entity1 with XXXX after pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back and/or pelvic pain']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['hip joint flexion']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['low back pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the @entity29425 functional polymorphism in promoter region of @entity1243 gene influencing @entity1017 following antipsychotic agents (APS) acute treatment in @entity161 @entity1 . METHODS: 128 Chinese Han untreated @entity1 with @entity161 (male 61, female 67) with an age and gender matched health controls (n = 38) were recruited. The polymorphism of @entity1243 gene was determined with PCR-RFLP technique. MRI determined abdominal body fat in 22 controls and 30 @entity1 on admission and after 10 weeks treatment with @entity1090 or @entity2644 . Body mass index (BMI) was measured on admission and every week subsequently (for @entity1 ). RESULTS: There were average increases in (6.2 +/- 5.7)% of baseline weight and in (38.5 +/- 42)% of baseline abdominal subcutaneous fat (SUB) and in (40.0 +/- 41.2)% of baseline @entity1320 ( @entity1320 ) 10 weeks after treatment. There were no significant differences in the distribution of allele and genotypes either between the @entity1 and controls or between gender groups. It was found significantly increased @entity1017 in the @entity1 with the -2548AA genotype (chi(2) = 7.529, df = 1, P = 0.006; OR = 1.941; 95% CI: 1.175 - 3.207); The genotypes had no influence on the baseline weight indicators both in @entity1 and controls. However, as compared with the @entity1 with G allele, the @entity1 with @entity5066 genotype had significant increase in BMI (P = 0.003) and SUB (P = 0.009). CONCLUSION: The finding identify that the @entity29425 polymorphism in promoter region of @entity1243 gene associated with APS-induced @entity1017 and abdominal fat deposition and distribution. -2548AA may be a genetic risk factor for the development of @entity1017 and body fat deposition in Chinese Han @entity161 @entity1 during APS acute treatment.

title: [Association of @entity29425 functional polymorphism in the promoter region of @entity1243 gene with antipsychotic agent-induced XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2644 :: ('MESH:D002746', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorpromazine']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic', 'schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['IAF', 'intra-abdominal fat']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity1017 :: (MESH:D015430,Disease) :: ['weight gain']


abstract: @entity2314 is an @entity1112 caused by a defective lysosomal enzyme, @entity10153 , and characterized by @entity272 and multiorgan involvement, including kidney, heart, and the central nervous system. Currently more than 200 genotypes have been identified, including several aberrant splicing. However, most of the mutation analyses were performed using genomic sequencing only, and therefore some of the splicing mutations were misclassified as missense mutations. In order to predict the splicing event caused by each mutation, we conducted a literature search for all published mutations located near the splice sites, including exonic point mutations, and performed a splice-site score (SSS) analysis. The literature search identified 13 donor-site mutations, including four exonic mutations ( @entity44636 , @entity72237 , @entity72238 , and @entity72239 ), located at the end of exons 1, 3, 4, and 5, respectively, six acceptor-site mutations, and one new exon creation. All mutated splice sites, except for the one associated with the new exon creation, had a lower SSS than their respective natural sites. @entity6159 or newly created sites were identified with SSS from 0.09 to 1.0. The predictions, based on SSS analysis, are in agreement with all six mutations with known cDNA sequence from the literature, including five mutations with exon skipping and one mutation with creation of a new acceptor site. For the @entity44636 genotype, we performed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis using RNA isolated from the whole-blood sample. We verified that a weak @entity6159 site (SSS = 0.09) 14 @entity2036 downstream was activated and resulted in an insertion of 14 bp and a frameshift stop at codon 106. This change is more consistent with the clinical presentation of the @entity1 , the classical @entity2314 , than the @entity535 substitution ( @entity44636 ), which does not affect the enzyme function. In conclusion, the SSS analysis is very useful for predicting splicing events and genotype/phenotype correlation in @entity2314 . As different mechanisms may be involved in pre-mRNA splicing, it is important to obtain cDNA sequencing for molecular diagnosis.

title: Analysis of splice-site mutations of the XXXX gene in @entity2314 .

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked disease']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity2314 :: ('MESH:D000795', 'Disease') :: ['Fabry disease']

entities_list: @entity44636 :: ('p|SUB|S|65|T', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['S65T']

entities_list: @entity10153 :: ('2717', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-galactosidase A']

answer: @entity10153 :: (2717,Gene) :: ['alpha-galactosidase A']


abstract: The 24 hr @entity5068 excretion from the entire skin surface was determined in six normal and five @entity753 (Type II) @entity1 fed a controlled, eucaloric diet containing 400 mg of plant @entity3150 . All subjects received radiolabeled @entity165 intravenously in order to measure @entity165 turnover and exchange. The 24 hr skin surface lipids were collected subsequently at intervals of 7-10 days. @entity3150 were quantified and identified by a combination of thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatographic methods. The mean 24 hr excretion of @entity165 in milligrams was 82.6 in the normal subjects and 82.7 in the @entity753 @entity1 . @entity165 constituted 89% of the total @entity5068 excretion through the skin surface in both groups. The specific radioactivity of @entity165 in the skin surface lipids increased gradually after the intravenous administration of the isotope. Within 4-5 wk the specific activity equaled and then remained higher than that of the plasma up to 10 wk. These specific activity curves suggested that, for at least some of skin surface @entity165 , there was a precursor-product relationship between the plasma @entity165 and the skin @entity165 . The presence of plant @entity3150 , @entity9542 , @entity9543 , and @entity15104 in the skin surface lipids of @entity1 has not been reported previously. We identified these @entity3150 in the skin surface lipids of all of our subjects. They constituted about 7% of the total skin surface @entity3150 . The occurrence of plant @entity3150 in the skin surface lipids suggested that plasma @entity3150 were transferred from the plasma into the skin. 1-2% of the skin surface @entity3150 were tentatively identified as @entity37793 and @entity18749 . The present study documented that a significant amount of @entity165 was excreted from the skin surface and that probably there was a net transfer of plasma @entity165 into the skin surface lipids. Both normal subjects and @entity753 @entity1 excreted similar amounts of @entity165 per day into the skin surface lipids. We suggest that this daily loss of @entity165 from the skin surface may need to be considered in @entity5068 balance studies.

title: Excretion of @entity3150 from the skin of normal and @entity753 @entity1 . Implications for XXXX balance studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity9542 :: ('MESH:C025473', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-sitosterol']

entities_list: @entity753 :: ('OMIM:143890', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemic']

entities_list: @entity18749 :: ('MESH:D007810', 'Chemical') :: ['lanosterol']

entities_list: @entity3150 :: ('MESH:D013261', 'Chemical') :: ['sterols', 'Sterols']

entities_list: @entity37793 :: ('MESH:C001521', 'Chemical') :: ['lathosterol']

entities_list: @entity15104 :: ('MESH:D013265', 'Chemical') :: ['stigmasterol']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholesterol', 'cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity9543 :: ('MESH:C021273', 'Chemical') :: ['campesterol']

answer: @entity5068 :: (CHEBI:15889,Chemical) :: ['sterol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the @entity2348 after double-J stent use and the risk factors for @entity793 linked to the stent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 102 @entity1 (61 @entity1 and 41 @entity1 , mean age 47.5    14.16) were examined. The stents were removed under aseptic conditions, and a urine culture was obtained before the removal of the stents. After the stents were removed, the upper, central and lower sections were separated, and washing water was sent through the stent. RESULTS: Bacterial colonisation was found in 29.4% (30 of 102) of the stents. The most frequently observed microorganisms were determined as staphylococcus, coagulase negative (8 of 30) and @entity526 (5 of 30). The washing fluid used to clean the interior of the catheter produced pathogens in 8 @entity1 (7.8%), and these pathogens were observed to be the same microorganisms that colonised the outside of the stent. There was no statistical difference between the @entity1 with colonisation and those without in terms of age, gender, duration of stenting and reason for stent insertion. CONCLUSIONS: Though stent colonisation does not always entail symptomatic @entity293 , as shown in our study, the pathogens in the urine culture are the same as those colonising the stent, confirming the reality that colonisation is the main factor in these events. Additionally, according to our study, significant colonisation may be found in the first 3 weeks, contrary to the literature, causing us to consider that @entity293 may develop even in the early period.

title: Incidence of XXXX after indwelling of double-J ureteral stent.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial colonisation']

entities_list: @entity793 :: ('MESH:D001437', 'Disease') :: ['bacteriuria']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections']

answer: @entity2348 :: (MESH:D001424,Disease) :: ['bacterial colonisation']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate VAP combination chemotherapy in @entity0 : @entity42870 80 mg/m2 p.o. days 1-5, @entity632 40 mg/m2 and @entity1891 1.4 mg/m2 1st day in cycles of 3 weeks. Twenty-one @entity1 entered the study and 19 were evaluable. The mean age was 54.5 years (25-69) with an average performance status of 60 according to Karnofsky. Hormonal receptors were unknown in 10, positive in 6 and negative in 3. The dominant site of disease was soft tissues in 11, bones in 1, liver in 3 and lung in 4. Fourteen @entity1 had as prior treatment @entity786 , @entity1499 and @entity1487 (CMF), two had @entity440 and three none. Ten @entity1 (52.6%) had a partial response with a mean survival of 7.8+ months, 5 @entity1 (26.3%) had stable disease with a mean survival 6.6+ months and 4 @entity1 (21.1%) had progressive disease with a mean survival of 3 months. Regarding @entity137 all @entity1 had @entity1665 , most of the @entity1 had @entity390 grade I, whereas 5 @entity1 developed mild @entity1431 . We conclude that VAP is an effective, well tolerated chemotherapy combination in @entity1 with @entity0 which deserves further clinical trials.

title: Combination chemotherapy with @entity42870 , @entity632 , XXXX (VAP) in @entity0 . A phase II study.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity42870 :: ('MESH:D011238', 'Chemical') :: ['prednimustine']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['advanced breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1891 :: (MESH:D014750,Chemical) :: ['vincristine']


abstract: Background. Comorbidities are conditions that occur simultaneously but independently of another disorder. Among @entity1489 @entity1 , comorbidities are common and may influence management. Objective. We compared comorbidity assessment by traditional @entity910 ( @entity910 ) and by standardized @entity1 -reported questionnaire based on the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 (ACE-27). Methods. Between September 2011 and October 2013, @entity1489 @entity1 underwent prospective comorbidity assessment by a Mohs surgeon ( @entity910 ) and a radiation oncologist (using a standardized @entity1 -reported questionnaire based on the ACE-27, the PRACE-27). Comorbidities were identified and graded according to the ACE-27 and compared for agreement. Results. Forty-four @entity1 were evaluated. @entity910 and PRACE-27 identified comorbidities in 79.5% and 88.6% (p = 0.12) of @entity1 , respectively. Among 27 comorbid ailments, the @entity910 identified 9.9% as being present, while the PRACE-27 identified 12.5%. When there were discordant observations, PRACE-27 was more likely than @entity910 to identify the comorbidity (OR = 5.4, 95% CI = 2.4-14.4, p < 0.001). Overall comorbidity scores were moderate or severe in 43.2% ( @entity910 ) versus 59.1% (PRACE-27) (p = 0.016). Limitations. Small sample size from a single institution. Conclusion. Comorbidities are common in @entity1489 @entity1 , and a standardized questionnaire may better identify and grade them. More accurate comorbidity assessments may help guide @entity1489 management.

title: Comorbidity Assessment in @entity1489 XXXX : A Pilot Study Comparing Medical Interview with a @entity1 -Reported Questionnaire.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['MI', 'medical interview']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Acute @entity788 was induced in @entity468 by perfusing activated pancreatic enzymes through their pancreatic ducts. The ducts had been made permeable to large molecules by one of two techniques. The @entity468 either received @entity1068 (2 ml/kg every 8 h) and @entity117 (25 mg/kg every 8 h) orally for 48 h or had their pancreatic ducts perfused for 1 h with 7.5 mM @entity23222 . When the same procedure was followed, but using @entity6328 (dmPGE2) (2 micrograms/kg X h infused intravenously for 1 h before and during ductal perfusion with activated enzymes), @entity548 developed instead. To investigate whether an increase in pancreatic blood flow or microvascular permeability (both caused by dmPGE2) was important in this phenomenon, we tested the effects of @entity3044 (which increased blood flow) and @entity112 (which increased microvascular permeability) in the model. Thus in similar experiments, either @entity3044 (0.3 micrograms/kg . min) or @entity55382 (2 micrograms/kg . min) was infused instead of dmPGE2. The animals that received @entity112 also developed @entity548 . Those that received @entity3044 did not. These observations suggested that an increase in microvascular permeability in the pancreas converted @entity788 to @entity548 . These findings suggest also that clinical studies using @entity2918 to treat @entity1 with @entity788 should be approached with caution.

title: A model of @entity548 in @entity468 --role of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'edematous pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity6328 :: ('MESH:D015064', 'Chemical') :: ['16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity55382 :: ('MESH:C027556', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine phosphate']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity23222 :: ('MESH:D006002', 'Chemical') :: ['glycodeoxycholate']

answer: @entity6328 :: (MESH:D015064,Chemical) :: ['16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2']


abstract: The incidence of @entity1489 ( @entity1489 ), including @entity2517 ( @entity2517 ), @entity957 ( @entity957 ), @entity1490 ( @entity1490 ) and @entity1491 ( @entity1491 ), is increasing. UVA and UVB radiation lead to genetic alterations in keratinocytes, which eventually result in @entity1489 . In the concept of field cancerization of the skin, genetically altered keratinocytes accumulate over an area exposed to UV radiation. Field treatment not only clears clinically visible @entity1489 lesions but also potentially targets subclinical 'sleeping' cell patches and fields. Topical treatments are available for the field-directed management of @entity1489 . They are either self-administered by the @entity1 ( @entity32990 , @entity3522 , @entity553 or @entity1487 ) or administered by the dermatologist (photodynamic therapy (PDT)). This article discusses the treatment options with respect to their efficacy, tolerability and selectivity. Selective treatment options for atypic keratinocytes include imiquimod, @entity32990 , @entity3522 and PDT. PDT yields 100% treatment compliance because it is always administered by the treating dermatologist. The efficacy rates achieved with PDT significantly exceed those of the @entity1 -administered topicals. The first clinical trials assessing the effects of PDT on field cancerization clinically, histologically and immunochemically have been conducted and have yielded promising results. Preventive effects and a delay in the re-occurrence of @entity1489 have been observed in animal experiments of @entity32990 and PDT, whereas for the latter, clinical data are already available.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Field cancerization: from molecular basis to selective field-directed management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity2517 :: ('MESH:D055623', 'Disease') :: ['AK', 'actinic keratosis']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['non-melanoma skin cancer', 'NMSC', 'skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'SCC']

entities_list: @entity32990 :: ('MESH:C486592', 'Chemical') :: ['ingenol mebutate']

entities_list: @entity553 :: ('MESH:C056493', 'Chemical') :: ['imiquimod']

entities_list: @entity1490 :: ('MESH:D001913', 'Disease') :: ["Bowen's Disease", 'BD']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell carcinoma', 'BCC']

answer: @entity2517 :: (MESH:D055623,Disease) :: ['actinic keratosis']