abstract: BACKGROUND: A high birth weight has been suggested to increase the later risk of @entity28 , as measured by body mass index, but, paradoxically, to decrease the later propensity to @entity65 . Programming of more lean tissue rather than fat mass by a high birth weight might explain this paradox and also explain the association of birth weight with later body mass index. This concept has been inadequately tested. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to test the hypothesis that a high birth weight programs a greater proportion of lean mass in @entity1 and adolescents. DESIGN: Body fat mass and fat-free mass were assessed by both skinfold-thickness measurement and bioelectrical impedance analysis in adolescents aged 13-16 y (n = 78) who were part of a study that investigated the early origins of @entity65 . Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in a separate group of younger @entity1 . RESULTS: An increase in birth weight of 1 SD was significantly associated with a 0.9-1.4-kg (2-3%) increase in fat-free mass in adolescents but not with an increase in fat mass. This association was independent of age, sex, height, pubertal stage, socioeconomic status, and physical activity. Similar observations were made in younger @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our data support the hypothesis that fetal growth, measured by birth weight, programs lean mass later in life. Our observations may therefore explain the association of birth weight with body mass index and have implications for the early origins of both @entity28 and @entity65 .

title: Programming of lean body mass: a link between birth weight, XXXX , and @entity65 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The Liquemin in @entity583 During Thrombolysis With Saruplase (LIMITS) study was instituted to evaluate and characterize the effect of a prethrombolytic heparin bolus (5,000 IU) on the efficacy and safety of saruplase in @entity1 with @entity583 . BACKGROUND: Heparin has been used after thrombolytic therapy for @entity583 to prevent reocclusion of the @entity1188 . METHODS: The study was designed as a randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, multicenter trial. @entity1 were treated within 6 h of onset of symptoms with either a bolus of 5,000 IU of heparin (Liquemin) (n = 56, HSH group) or placebo (n = 62, @entity26782 group) before thrombolytic treatment with saruplase given as a 20-mg bolus followed by an infusion of 60 mg over 60 min. Thirty minutes after completion of thrombolysis, an intravenous heparin infusion was administered for 5 days. Before coronary angiography was performed at 6 to 12 h after start of lysis, an additional bolus of 5,000 IU heparin was given to all @entity1 . End points studied were patency of the @entity1188 , changes in the hemostatic system and @entity548 complications. RESULTS: In the HSH group (heparin-saruplase-heparin), 78.6% of @entity1 had an open @entity1188 -related vessel (Thrombolysis in @entity583 [TIMI] flow grade 2 or 3) compared with 56.5% in the @entity26782 group (placebo-saruplase-heparin) (intention-to-treat analysis, p = 0.01). No significant difference was observed between the two groups with regard to changes in @entity2002 and fibrin/ @entity2002 degradation products. A total of eight @entity548 complications (14.3%) were observed in the HSH group and five (8.1%) in the @entity26782 group; no cerebrovascular event occurred, and no @entity56 was reported. A total of 12 @entity1 died during the hospital stay, 3 in the HSH group (5.4%) and 9 in the @entity26782 group (14.5%). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity583 , the administration of a heparin bolus before thrombolytic therapy with saruplase is associated with a significantly higher patency at angiography 6 to 12 h after the start of thrombolysis without any appreciable increase in risk of @entity548 .

title: Thrombolysis with recombinant unglycosylated single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (saruplase) in XXXX : influence of heparin on early patency rate (LIMITS study). Liquemin in @entity583 During Thrombolysis With Saruplase.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-related artery', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reaction']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial Infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the soluble form of @entity42214 (sIL-1RAcP), whose physiologic function remains to be established, can serve as a specific inhibitor of @entity5003 signaling in vitro, and to evaluate its applicability in @entity1753 ( @entity1753 ). METHODS: Soluble @entity42214 was cloned from @entity19 liver complementary DNA and expressed by the use of either an adenoviral vector (AdRGD) for sIL-1RAcP or a stable-transfected NIH3T3 fibroblast cell line. The ability of affinity-purified @entity70923 RAcP to inhibit @entity5003 signaling was tested on NF-kappaB luciferase reporter fibroblasts and quantified by luminometer. To investigate therapeutic efficacy, sIL-1RAcP was both locally (knee joint) and systemically overexpressed in collagen-immunized male DBA/1 @entity19 . Severity of @entity625 was monitored visually, and the pathologic process in the joint was examined histologically. Serum was obtained from @entity19 to quantify @entity777 and anti-bovine type II collagen (BCII) antibody levels. RESULTS: Incubation of the NF-kappaB reporter fibroblast with purified @entity70923 RAcP protein showed a marked reduction of @entity5003 -induced, but not @entity5 @entity39 factor-induced, NF-kappaB activation. This showed a novel role for @entity70923 RAcP as a specific inhibitor of @entity5003 signaling. Local transplantation of @entity70923 RAcP-producing NIH3T3 fibroblasts into the knee before onset of @entity1753 had little or no effect on general disease severity in these @entity19 . Histologic evaluation of the knee joints receiving @entity70923 RAcP cell transplantation showed a marked @entity32 and bone and cartilage @entity2681 . Local treatment with @entity70923 RAcP had no profound effect on serum levels of @entity777 and anti-BCII antibodies, which is indicative of the ongoing presence of @entity625 in @entity2720 . In contrast to local treatment, systemic treatment with the AdRGD for @entity70923 RAcP markedly ameliorated @entity1753 in all joints. CONCLUSION: In this study we demonstrated that @entity70923 RAcP is a biologically active and innovative inhibitor of @entity5003 , and treatment of @entity19 with @entity70923 RAcP had a profound prophylactic effect on @entity1753 .

title: Effectiveness of the soluble form of the XXXX receptor accessory protein as an inhibitor of @entity5003 in @entity1753 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in both joint inflammation']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1753 :: ('MESH:D001169', 'Disease') :: ['collagen-induced arthritis', 'CIA']

entities_list: @entity42214 :: ('16180(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor accessory protein', 'IL-1RAcP']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['distal joints']

answer: @entity5003 :: (111343(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['interleukin-1']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Quasi-experimental study. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of an 8-week, task-oriented client-centered training (TOCCT) on physical function, perception of performance and satisfaction with the activities and achievement of training goals of individuals with @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ). SETTING: Khon Kaen, Thailand. METHODS: @entity1 were 12 @entity1 with @entity1566 living in Ubolratana District, Khon Kaen Province, Thailand. Outcome measures consisted of physical function and perception of performance and satisfaction with the activities, which were assessed at pre- and post-training periods by using the Spinal Cord Independence Measure version III and the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, respectively. The achievement of training goals was also determined by the Goal Attainment Scale. Data were analyzed by using paired t-tests. RESULTS: The 8-week, TOCCT significantly improved physical function of the @entity1 (P=0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.22-7.12). Another positive impact of the training was found in the perceived levels of performance and satisfaction with the activities (P=0.001, 95% CI 1.31-3.49 and 1.68-3.67, respectively). Furthermore, at the end of the study, most of the @entity1 could reach their expected training goals. CONCLUSION: The 8-week, TOCCT significantly improved physical function and perception of performance and satisfaction with the activities of individuals with @entity1566 when compared with the pre-training period. The training could also help most of the @entity1 to achieve their training goals. Future studies with randomized controlled trial and longitudinal design are suggested to reveal further benefits of such training on individuals with @entity1566 .Spinal Cord advance online publication, 12 January 2016; doi:10.1038/sc.2015.237.

title: The impact of task-oriented client-centered training on individuals with XXXX in the community.

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'persons']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Stent graft therapy has emerged as an alternative to open surgery in the management of chronic dissection-related @entity439 (DRAD) in the descending thoracic aorta (DTA). The incidence of perioperative complications, need for secondary aortic intervention (SAI), and rate of @entity715 have not been thoroughly described. METHODS: Perioperative and midterm outcomes in @entity1 who underwent stent graft therapy for chronic DRAD DTA at a single institution between January 2006 and September 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative anatomic factors, including the number of visceral and renal side branches off the false lumen, and false lumen volume, were analyzed for their ability to predict treatment failure. Treatment failure was defined as death, need for a SAI, and failure to achieve @entity715 of the DRAD DTA. Treatment success was defined as @entity715 of the false lumen in the area of the DRAD DTA with stability or a decrease in the maximum diameter of the DRAD DTA. RESULTS: During the study period, 47 @entity1 underwent stent graft therapy for chronic DRAD DTA. @entity1 were a mean age of 58.3     11.7  years, 74.5% (n  = 35) were male, and 14.9% (n  = 7) had a history of connective tissue disease. The left subclavian artery was covered in 48.9% (n  = 23), and revascularization was performed in 87.0% (n  = 20). Spinal drains were used in 74.5% (n  = 35). @entity2759 developed in 6.4% (n  = 3), which resolved in two and improved in one. No retrograde @entity1580 occurred. The 30-day mortality was 4.3% (n  = 2); one death was in a @entity1 with @entity397 . Mean clinical follow-up was 35.1     20.9  months. The 5-year Kaplan-Meier survival was 89%     5%. Treatment failure occurred in 18 @entity1 (38.3%): 9 required SAIs, 6 did not have @entity715 of the false lumen in the area of the DRAD DTA, and 4 died, with 1 @entity1 dying during a SAI. No preoperative anatomic factor predicted treatment failure. The 5-year freedom from treatment failure was 54%     9%. Including the nine @entity1 who underwent SAI, treatment success was achieved in 85.2% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In this single-center experience of stent graft therapy for chronic DRAD DTA, treatment success was achieved in 85% of @entity1 after a SAI rate of 20%. No preoperative anatomic factor predicted treatment failure, which occurred in almost 40% of the @entity1 . Identifying predictors of treatment failure may improve future outcomes.

title: Outcomes after stent graft therapy for dissection-related XXXX in the descending thoracic aorta.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2759 :: ('MESH:D020760', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal cord ischemia']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal degeneration']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal false-lumen thrombosis', 'thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['aortic dissections']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysmal degeneration']


abstract: The effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) or the internal pallidum ( @entity14243 ) on the @entity191 triad and on levodopa-induced @entity910 are very similar. The antiakinetic effect of STN DBS seems to be slightly better. On the contrary to pallidal DBS, stimulation of the STN allows to reduce dopaminergic treatment by more than 50 p. 100 on average. Moreover, the current drain is smaller in STN. Thus, the STN is a low budget target compared to the @entity14243 . STN DBS seems to be as effective on @entity1726 @entity400 as stimulation of the classic thalamic target, the ventral intermediate nucleus (Vim), whereas Vim stimulation has no effect on @entity910 and very little on levodopa-induced @entity910 . Thus, the STN has become the main target nucleus for DBS in @entity1726 , which is most often performed bilaterally in one surgical procedure. There is a good correlation of the preoperative response to levodopa and postoperative effects of bilateral STN DBS and this defines the @entity1 population. Given the large @entity1 population, simple guidelines for @entity1 selection are developed. The referring physician can preselect @entity1 based mainly on age (less than 70), absence of @entity303 and presence of severe disability related to motor fluctuations or @entity910 . It is the responsibility of the operating centre to determine the levodopa response, to confirm the diagnosis, to rule out contraindications and to make sure that the medical treatment cannot be further optimised. Severe surgical complications with permanent sequels are relatively rare, about 1 p. 100 per implanted side. The @entity1 selection, the precision of the surgery and the quality of the postoperative follow-up are the three main determinants of success.

title: [ XXXX : deep cerebral stimulation].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinesias', 'akinesia']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonian']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There have been few reports on the role of Fc receptors (FcRs) and @entity13446 ( @entity13446 ) in @entity565 . The purpose of this study is to clarify the role of inhibitory FcRs and antigen presenting cells (APCs) in pathogenesis of @entity565 and to evaluate antigen-transporting and presenting capacity by @entity1358 . METHODS: In @entity942 (KO) and C57BL/6 ( @entity7097 ) @entity19 , the effects of intratracheal instillation of antigen-specific @entity13446 were analysed using the model with sensitization and airborne challenge with @entity10328 (OVA). Thoracic lymph nodes instilled with @entity941 -conjugated OVA were analysed by fluorescence microscopy. Moreover, we analysed the @entity11805 + MHC class II+ cells which intaken @entity941 -conjugated OVA in thoracic lymph nodes by flow cytometry. Also, lung-derived @entity11805 + APCs were analysed by flow cytometry. Effects of anti-OVA @entity9686 on bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs) in vitro were also analysed. Moreover, in FcyRIIB KO @entity19 intravenously transplanted dendritic cells (DCs) differentiated from BMDCs of @entity7097 @entity19 , the effects of intratracheal instillation of anti-OVA @entity13446 were evaluated by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). RESULTS: In @entity7097 @entity19 , total cells and eosinophils in BAL fluid reduced after instillation with anti-OVA @entity9686 . Anti-OVA @entity9686 suppressed airway inflammation in hyperresponsiveness and histology. In addition, the number of the @entity941 -conjugated OVA in @entity11805 + MHC class II+ cells of thoracic lymph nodes with anti-OVA @entity9686 instillation decreased compared with PBS. Also, MHC class II expression on lung-derived @entity11805 + APCs with anti-OVA @entity9686 instillation reduced. Moreover, in vitro, we showed that BMDCs with anti-OVA @entity9686 significantly decreased the T cell proliferation. Finally, we demonstrated that the lacking effects of anti-OVA @entity9686 on airway inflammation on FcyRIIB KO @entity19 were restored with @entity7097 -derived BMDCs transplanted intravenously. CONCLUSION: Antigen-specific @entity13446 ameliorates allergic airway inflammation via FcyRIIB on DCs.

title: Antigen-Specific XXXX ameliorates allergic airway inflammation via Fcy receptor IIB on dendritic cells.

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['APCs in the tracheobronchial mucosa']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['FcyRIIB deficient']

answer: @entity13446 :: (16059(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IgG']


abstract: Proteomic approaches are used to identify biomarkers, to monitor pathological changes inside of cells and for a better diseases diagnosis. Comparable changes in protein homeostasis also occur in differentiating cells and proteomic techniques should be suitable to identify biomarkers that indicate different steps of cellular development. The C3 exoenzyme from @entity6940 (C3bot) inactivates Rho GTPases and induces morphological cellular changes like cell rounding and neurite outgrowth [G. Ahnert-Hilger, M. H  ltje, G. Grosse, G. Pickert, C. Mucke, B. Nixdorf-Bergweiler, P. Boquet, F. Hofmann, I. Just, J. Neurochem. 90 (2004) 9]. To investigate these observations further a comparative proteomic approach has been chosen to elucidate C3bot effects in the @entity521 cell line model SH-SY5Y. The screening method applied for biomarker detection was based on the stable isotope approach isobaric tagging for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ). Proteins of C3bot-treated and untreated cells were digested and peptides were labeled by the iTRAQ reagent, combined, and separated by means of a two-dimensional nano-HPLC system. Peptide analysis was performed in a MALDI- @entity215 / @entity215 mass spectrometer. Identification and quantification of peptides and their corresponding proteins were accomplished by @entity15 / @entity15 spectra analysis. Overall, five replicate measurements identified 355 different proteins of which 235 were accessible for quantification. C3bot altered the concentration of 55 proteins (at least 1.3-fold) and several proteins were identified as possible biomarker candidates that indicate C3bot-induced cellular changes.

title: Identification of biomarkers indicating cellular changes after treatment of neuronal cells with the C3 exoenzyme from @entity6940 using the iTRAQ protocol and LC- @entity15 / XXXX analysis.

entities_list: @entity6940 :: ('1491', 'Species') :: ['Clostridium botulinum']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['MS']


abstract: @entity2799 ( @entity2799 ) provides a model to examine the sequential use of selective oncogene product-targeted and lineage-targeted agents. @entity1968 (RA) has been shown to produce brief remissions by a novel differentiating mechanism in most @entity1 with @entity2799 . M195, a mouse monoclonal antibody (moAb) reactive with the cell-surface antigen @entity1116 , can target @entity2800 cells in @entity1 and reduce large leukemic burdens when labeled with 131I. We studied whether 131I-M195 could safely reduce minimal @entity66 and prolong remission and survival durations in @entity1 with relapsed @entity2799 after they had attained remission with all-trans RA. Seven @entity1 with relapsed @entity2799 in second remission were treated with either 70 (n = 2) or 50 (n = 5) mCi/m2 of 131I-M195. As a measure of minimal @entity66 , we serially monitored @entity49677 mRNA by a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. There was no immediate @entity137 . Late @entity137 was limited to myelosuppression, but no episodes of @entity1398 were seen. Six @entity1 had detectable @entity49677 mRNA after all-trans RA therapy; two had single negative RT-PCR determinations following 131I-M195. Median disease-free survival of the seven @entity1 was 8 months (range 3-14.5). Four @entity1 with median follow-up of 24 months remain alive, and median overall survival exceeds 21+ months (range 5.5-33+). This regimen based on targeted therapy compares favorably to other approaches for the treatment of relapsed @entity2799 , including that used in the immediately preceding trial in which @entity1 were induced into remission and maintained with all-trans RA, as well as other chemotherapy-based regimens. These data support further study of moAb-based therapy for minimal @entity66 in @entity3052 .

title: Sequential targeted therapy for relapsed @entity2799 with all-trans @entity1968 and anti- XXXX monoclonal antibody M195.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2799 :: ('MESH:D015473', 'Disease') :: ['Acute promyelocytic leukemia', 'APL']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity2800 :: ('MESH:D007951', 'Disease') :: ['myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['All-trans retinoic acid']

answer: @entity1116 :: (945,Gene) :: ['CD33']


abstract: PURPOSE: To examine the ability of @entity3003 to mobilize peripheral-blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) and to examine the impact of infusing these cells on myelosuppression following multiple cycles of high-dose therapy. Fluctuations in circulating progenitor cell concentration following repeated cycles of this therapy were also measured. @entity1 AND METHODS: Eight @entity1 received a total of 20 cycles of @entity3003 1,200 mg/m2 per course, @entity2841 ( @entity2841 ) 5 micrograms/kg/d, and PBPC reinfusion every 28 days. PBPC were collected following 1 week of @entity2841 and following the first and second cycles of chemotherapy. @entity1503 was correlated with the number of progenitor cells reinfused per cycle. The concentration of PBPC per milliliter of blood was measured at study entry, following @entity2841 priming, and after each cycle of chemotherapy. RESULTS: We observed a strong inverse correlation between the number of PBPCs ( @entity2280 and colony-forming unit granulocyte-macrophage [CFU-GM]), but not mononuclear cells (MNCs) reinfused and the days with @entity1398 less than 500/microL and platelets less than 20,000/microL. Compared with baseline levels, the circulating PBPC concentration increased up to 27-fold following the first course of chemotherapy, but decreased toward, and eventually below, baseline following the second and third cycles of @entity3003 . CONCLUSION: PBPC reinfusion directly correlated with a reduction in myelosuppression following high-dose @entity3003 chemotherapy. While high-dose @entity3003 plus @entity2841 leads to a substantially greater mobilization of PBPC than @entity2841 alone, this effect is lost after multiple treatment cycles. These results emphasize the importance of early procurement and value of PBPC reinfusion in conjunction with multiple cycles of dose-intensive chemotherapy.

title: Reinfusion and serial measurements of XXXX -mobilized peripheral-blood progenitor cells in @entity1 receiving multiple cycles of high-dose chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['Hematologic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor', 'GM-CSF']

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['carboplatin']


abstract: @entity115 / @entity798 ( @entity115 2 g/ @entity798 200 mg) has been administered in comparison to @entity3524 (2 g) for antimicrobial prophylaxis in 476 evaluable @entity1 undergoing abdominal surgery at high risk of septic complications. Both antibiotics were administered as a single infusion. 205 evaluable @entity1 (110 in @entity115 / @entity798 group and 95 in @entity3524 group) underwent upper gastrointestinal surgery (including gastroduodenal and biliary surgery). The wound infection rate was 4.5% for @entity115 / @entity798 and 7.4% for @entity3524 , with no significant differences. @entity6177 were observed in 3 @entity1 in the @entity115 / @entity798 group and in 1 @entity1 in the @entity3524 group. 271 evaluable @entity1 (135 in @entity115 / @entity798 group and 136 in @entity3524 group) underwent lower gastrointestinal surgery (including colorectal surgery). The wound infection rate was 11% for @entity115 / @entity798 and 13% for @entity3524 , with no significant differences. A purulent discharge was present in 3 @entity1 in both groups. @entity6177 were observed in 3 @entity1 in the @entity115 / @entity798 group and in 4 @entity1 in the @entity3524 group. No serious adverse events and no cases of @entity294 were observed. In conclusion, in our experience @entity115 / @entity798 proved to be as effective as @entity3524 in protecting @entity1 from surgical @entity281 in abdominal surgery. Its use in surgical prophylaxis may help decrease the cost of treatment and reduce the risk of resistance to antibiotics and superinfections.

title: @entity115 / @entity798 versus XXXX for antimicrobial prophylaxis in abdominal surgery: a randomized trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['Amoxicillin', 'amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity6177 :: ('MESH:D018784', 'Disease') :: ['Intra-abdominal abscesses']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity798 :: ('MESH:D019818', 'Chemical') :: ['clavulanic acid']

entities_list: @entity3524 :: ('MESH:D002439', 'Chemical') :: ['cefotaxime']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

answer: @entity3524 :: (MESH:D002439,Chemical) :: ['cefotaxime']


abstract: @entity64 , @entity64 in particular, are among the most frequent causes of death today in developed countries. In the last two decades, @entity64 was the second most frequent cause of death in Primorsko-Goranska Region in Croatia. In older @entity1 , individuals older than 65 years of age have an increased risk of @entity64 , mainly because the degree of @entity543 increases with age. The most frequent complication of the high percent stenosis of the carotid arteries is @entity715 in the area of atherosclerotic changes of blood vessels. With the increase in the age of the population, there is also an increase in the number of risk factors of @entity64 . Doppler ultrasound sonography and Multi Slice CT scans have the most prominent role in the early detection of atherosclerotic changes and in the assessment of the degree of carotid @entity543 . Today, in Croatia as well as worldwide, thrombendarterectomy holds the most important place in @entity64 prevention. Between 2006 and 2009, 209 @entity1 underwent surgical intervention at the Clinical Hospital Center in Rijeka for high degree of carotid @entity543 . In the group younger than 65 years of age, which consisted of 53 @entity1 , a @entity51 was noted in 4 @entity1 (7.54%) in the perioperative and early postoperative course. In the group of individuals older than 65 years of age, which consisted of 156 @entity1 , a @entity51 was noted in 9 @entity1 (5.76%). There was no significant statistical difference in the incidence of @entity51 , nor in the mortality in individuals older than 65 years of age during carotid arteries thrombendarterectomy.

title: Perioperative and early postoperative XXXX in older @entity1 during carotid artery thrombendarterectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebrovascular accidents', 'strokes', 'stroke', 'cerebrovascular accident']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery stenosis', 'artery narrowing']

answer: @entity51 :: (MESH:D009461,Disease) :: ['neurological deficit']


abstract: Plasma level of @entity1425 has been reported to be elevated in borderline @entity101 . However, its role in developing and maintaining @entity101 is still not completely understood. This study aimed to estimate the role of plasma @entity1425 in developing @entity101 . Ten @entity1 with borderline @entity101 (BHT) and 10 age-matched normotensive subjects were included. We infused at least three graded doses of @entity2647 , an alpha-adrenoceptor agonist, into the antecubital vein of subjects lying quietly in a supine position. Mean blood pressure was measured continuously through the right radial artery. Cardiac output was measured by the thermodilution method before and after the administration of each dose of @entity2647 infusion. We obtained dose-response curves for mean blood pressure and total peripheral resistance to @entity2647 . Baroreflex sensitivity was calculated by plotting the longest R-R intervals against the elevated peak mean blood pressure after the infusion of each dose of @entity2647 . Plasma @entity1063 and @entity1425 concentrations at rest were measured by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with @entity34865 fluorimetric detection. The plasma @entity1425 level at rest was higher in @entity1 with BHT than in normotensive subjects. With graded infusion of @entity2647 , both the pressor responses and the changes in total peripheral resistance were greater in @entity1 with BHT than in normotensive subjects. The plasma @entity1425 level was positively correlated with the slope of dose response curves for the increments of mean blood pressure to @entity2647 (r = 0.60, p < 0.01). Baroreflex sensitivity was reduced in @entity1 with BHT as compared with normotensive subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Plasma @entity1425 modulates alpha 1-adrenoceptor mediated pressor responses and the baroreflex control in XXXX with borderline @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity34865 :: ('MESH:C010362', 'Chemical') :: ['trihydroxyindole']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Mild @entity73 is common in nondemented @entity191 @entity1 ( @entity1726 ) and is considered as a risk factor for @entity303 ( @entity3602 ). Recently, the @entity717 ( @entity717 ) published guidelines for @entity1726 , although the studies available are still limited. The aim of this work was to characterize @entity1726 and its progression to @entity303 . Moreover, the study variables could be considered as predictors for the progression of @entity73 . METHOD: The study included 43 @entity1 with idiopathic @entity1726 (mean age = 59.19 years, SD = 9.64) and 20 healthy and neurologically normal controls (mean age = 60.85 years, SD = 12.26). The criteria proposed by the @entity717 Task Force were applied for the @entity1726 diagnosis. Follow-up assessments were conducted within six to eight years after the diagnosis of @entity1726 . RESULTS: The results showed that 60.5% of the @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity1726 when a comprehensive assessment was performed ( @entity717 criteria Level 2), while 23.3% of the @entity1 met MCI criteria when a brief assessment was used ( @entity717 criteria Level 1). Multiple domain impairment was the most frequent impairment (96.2%). A total of 42.3% of @entity1726 @entity1 had @entity303 in the follow-up study. Logistic regression showed that the Hoehn and Yahr stage and education significantly contributed to the prediction of @entity1726 . Moreover, the Hoehn and Yahr stage and memory domain significantly contributed to the prediction of @entity303 . CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study: (a) provide relevant data about the process of validation of the @entity717 , (b) reinforce the hypothesis that @entity1726 is more frequent than previous studies showed without applying @entity717 criteria, and (c) confirm that @entity1726 is a risk factor for the onset of @entity303 . Finally, the study shows that @entity16 , educational level and @entity2414 were predictors for the progression of @entity73 .

title: Mild @entity73 in XXXX : Diagnosis and progression to @entity303 .

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological impairment']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinson disease']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['MDS', 'MDS PD-MCI criteria', 'Movement Disorder Society']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairment']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: A novel microextraction technique based on membrane-protected multiwalled @entity505 nanotubes coated with molecularly imprinted polymer (MWCNTs-MIP) was developed. In this technique, MWCNTs-MIP were packed inside a @entity7502 membrane envelope, which was then clamped onto a paper clip. For extraction, the packed membrane envelope was first impregnated with @entity8336 and then placed in sample solutions. Target analytes in the solutions were first extracted into @entity8336 in the membrane envelope, and were then extracted specifically onto the MWCNTs-MIP. After the extraction, target analytes were desorbed in @entity1042 for liquid chromatography analysis. MWCNTs-MIP of prometryn were used as a model to demonstrate the feasibility of this novel microextraction technique. Factors affecting the extraction including organic solvent, stirring rate, extraction time, salt concentration, and pH were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection (a signal-to-noise ratio of 3) for the selected @entity21750 herbicides were 0.08-0.38  g/L. The prepared membrane envelope could be used at least 50 times. The developed method was used for the analysis of the @entity25730 spiked in river water, wastewater, and liquid milk, with recoveries ranging from 79.3-97.4, 58.9-110.3 and 76.2-104.9%, respectively.

title: Evaluation of a novel microextraction technique for aqueous samples: porous membrane envelope filled with multiwalled XXXX nanotubes coated with molecularly imprinted polymer.

entities_list: @entity21750 :: ('CHEBI:38056', 'Chemical') :: ['triazine']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['polypropylene']

entities_list: @entity25730 :: ('MESH:D014227', 'Chemical') :: ['triazines']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: Injury is recognised internationally as the major threat to adolescent health. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology of @entity130 in New Zealand, and to examine opportunities for prevention. National mortality data were searched to identify all 15-19 year-olds, who died from injuries in the period 1986-1995. Leading causes of injury were reviewed in light of known risk factors, injury mortality rates in other industrialised countries, and available prevention strategies. The results showed that injury accounted for 2,095 @entity204 (72.8 per 100,000 @entity1 years). Males comprised 77% of victims (110.6 per 100,000 @entity1 years), and there was a three-fold increase in mortality from age 15 (35.3 per 100,000 @entity1 years) to 19 years (106.4 per 100,000 @entity1 years). The leading causes of @entity204 were road traffic crashes (42.6 per 100,000 @entity1 years), suicide (16.4 per 100,000 @entity1 years), and unintentional drowning (3.6 per 100,000 @entity1 years). The Graduated Driver Licensing System addresses a range of risk factors for adolescent road traffic crashes. Despite inadequate enforcement, early indications are that it has yielded modest reductions in injury. Hazardous drinking is implicated in the high rates of road traffic crashes and drownings, and given recent liberalization of supply-side policies, proactive identification of hazardous drinkers followed by brief intervention holds promise as a prevention measure. Suicide accounts for an increasing rate of adolescent @entity204 in New Zealand. The effect of national policies to address a range of suicide risk factors remains to be fully evaluated.

title: XXXX mortality in New Zealand and opportunities for prevention.

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['adolescent fatal injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Adolescent injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate the muscle fat fraction (MFF) measured with dual-echo dual-flip-angle spoiled gradient-recalled acquisition in the steady state ( @entity31181 ) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technique by using muscle biopsy as the reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After ethics approval, written informed consent from all @entity1 was obtained. Twenty-seven consecutive @entity1 , evaluated at the @entity4094 Center with a possible diagnosis of @entity4094 , were prospectively studied with MR imaging of the lower extremities to quantify muscle fatty infiltration by means of MFF calculation. Spin-density- and T1-weighted fast @entity31181 in-phase and opposed-phase dual-echo sequences were performed, respectively, with 20   and 80   flip angles. Round regions of interest were drawn by consensus on selected MR sections corresponding to anticipated biopsy sites. These were marked on the @entity1 's skin with a pen by using the infrared spider light of the system, and subsequent muscle biopsy was performed. MR images with regions of interest were stored on a secondary console where the MFF calculation was performed by another radiologist blinded to the biopsy results. MFFs calculated with dual-echo dual-flip-angle @entity31181 MR imaging and biopsy were compared by using a paired t test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Bland-Altman plots. P value of < .05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference. RESULTS: The mean MFFs obtained with dual-echo dual-flip-angle @entity31181 MR imaging and biopsy were 20.3% (range, 1.7%-45.1%) and 20.6% (range, 3%-46.1%), respectively. The mean difference, standard deviation of the difference, and t value were -0.3, 1.3, and -1.3 (P > .2), respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.995; with the Bland-Altman method, all data points were within the    2 SDs limits of agreement. CONCLUSION: The results show that dual-echo dual-flip-angle @entity31181 MR imaging technique provides reliable calculation of MFF, consistent with biopsy measurements.

title: Muscle fat fraction in XXXX : dual-echo dual-flip-angle spoiled gradient-recalled MR imaging technique for quantification--a feasibility study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['neuromuscular disorder', 'Neuromuscular Disorders']

answer: @entity4094 :: (MESH:D009468,Disease) :: ['neuromuscular disorders']


abstract: Problems related to the central nervous system have a major impact on survival and quality of life. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the incidence of @entity16 after liver transplantation (LT), including both cadaveric and living donor liver transplantation. Between April 2001 and March 2004 174 @entity1 (120 cadaveric liver transplantations, 54 living donor transplantations) were admitted to our intensive care after liver transplantation. Of the transplanted @entity1 24.7% developed @entity16 . These @entity1 ' stay in the intensive care (14.2 +/- 17.2 days) was much longer than that of all admitted @entity1 (8.4 +/- 10.5 days, p < 0.05). The most common @entity16 were @entity75 (72.1%) and @entity410 (11.6 %). The incidence of @entity16 in living donor liver transplanted @entity1 was significantly lower than in cadaveric transplantation @entity1 (20.4% vs 26.7 %). The @entity63 time in living donor transplanted @entity1 was significantly shorter in comparison with cadaveric transplanted @entity1 (215 +/- 119.3 vs. 383.7 +/- 214.7). The survival rate after liver transplantation of @entity1 with @entity16 was lower than that of @entity1 without, but not significantly different (79.1 % vs. 82.4%, p > 0.05). The incidence of @entity16 was found to be similar between the @entity1 treated with @entity205 (25%) and @entity1140 (23.8 %) in this study. In conclusion, there was a high incidence of @entity16 after LT, prolonging the @entity1 ' stay in intensive care significantly. The major neurological manifestation in our @entity1 was @entity75 followed by @entity410 . Living donor liver transplantation was associated with a significantly lower incidence of @entity16 compared with @entity1 who had received a cadaveric graft. This might be due to the good quality of the organ and the much shorter @entity63 time of the graft when the donor was alive.

title: XXXX after cadaveric and living donor liver transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['cold ischemia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications', 'neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['Neurological complications']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Coagulation factor (F) @entity2244 is associated with a @entity548 tendency of variable severity, but phenotype determinants are largely unknown. Recently, we have shown that three @entity1 with undetectable plasma FV and mild @entity548 symptoms had sufficient residual platelet FV to support @entity556 generation in platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Therefore, we hypothesized that @entity942 @entity1 with severe @entity548 manifestations may lack platelet FV. OBJECTIVES: To characterize a @entity942 @entity1 with a severe @entity548 diathesis. @entity1 /METHODS: We performed FV mutation screening and functional studies in a 31-year-old male (FV:C < 1%) with umbilical @entity548 at birth, recurrent @entity5631 and @entity121 , and a recent @entity932 . RESULTS: The proband was homozygous for a deep-intronic mutation (F5 @entity73113 ) causing the inclusion of a pseudo-exon with an in-frame stop codon in the mature F5 mRNA. Although platelet FV antigen was detectable by immunoprecipitation followed by Western blotting, no FV activity could be demonstrated in the proband's plasma or platelets with a prothrombinase-based assay. Moreover, no @entity556 generation was observed in PRP triggered with 1-50 pm tissue factor (even in the presence of platelet agonists), whereas an acquired FV inhibitor was excluded. Clot formation in the proband's whole blood, as assessed by thromboelastometry, was markedly delayed but not abolished. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of a pathogenic deep-intronic mutation in the F5 gene. Our findings indicate that the minimal FV requirement for viability is extremely low and suggest that @entity556 generation in PRP may predict @entity548 tendency in @entity1 with undetectable plasma FV.

title: Homozygous F5 deep-intronic splicing mutation resulting in severe factor V deficiency and undetectable XXXX generation in platelet-rich plasma.

entities_list: @entity2244 :: ('MESH:C537005', 'Disease') :: ['V deficiency']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle hematomas']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5631 :: ('MESH:D006395', 'Disease') :: ['hemarthrosis']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['FV-deficient']

answer: @entity556 :: (2147,Gene) :: ['thrombin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity712 ( @entity712 ) is defined as the new onset or recurrence of gradual or rapidly worsening signs and symptoms of @entity712 , requiring urgent or emergent therapy. OBJECTIVES: This study attempts to assess the association of liver function tests (LFT) and @entity414 level with in hospital outcome and echocardiography parameters, in @entity1 with acute decompensated @entity712 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 100 @entity1 (aged 16 - 90 years, 60% @entity1 ) admitted with @entity712 were enrolled. LFTs and @entity414 levels were assessed on first day and before discharge, and @entity1 were followed for 3 months. RESULTS: In-hospital outcomes were considered. Mean @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) was 35% (20 - 45%). Mean @entity414 level was 8.4 mg/dL, significantly higher than chronic HF and normal groups (P < 0.02). Elevated liver enzymes were seen in 52% @entity1 , mostly (87%) in transaminases. Liver enzymes were decreased in 85% @entity1 before discharge. LFT and @entity414 levels were inversely and significantly correlated with @entity1002 on echocardiography (P = 0.02), but not with diastolic parameters. Although there was no significant correlation between @entity414 level and in-hospital mortality, risk of intubation and rehospitalization in 3 months, enzyme levels increased in these groups. Increased @entity5906 transaminase ( @entity6571 level) was associated with inotrope infusion in @entity712 @entity1 (42 vs. 82 mg/dL, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal transaminases and @entity414 levels are seen in @entity712 @entity1 . Increased @entity6571 levels may be a predictor of the need for inotrope during hospital course in these @entity1 .

title: Liver Enzymes and XXXX in Acute @entity712 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Acute heart failure', 'AHF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LVEF', 'Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['Uric acid', 'uric acid']

answer: @entity414 :: (MESH:D014527,Chemical) :: ['Uric acid']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Our objectives were to examine the assumption that the natural history of congenital @entity362 in @entity1 presenting early and those presenting late is the same, and to determine whether there are factors that might predict the post-operative outcome of surgery among the presenting features of @entity1 with @entity362 . METHODS: The authors present a clinical series of 50 consecutive cases of @entity362 that had been treated surgically. All @entity1 underwent both pre- and post-operative urological assessment and pre-operative imaging with MRI. The case notes, urology assessments and MRI films were studied to provide data on the clinical presentation, follow-up history and urological outcome of the @entity1 , as well as on the anatomical features of their @entity362 . RESULTS: Analysis of the data revealed a predominance in @entity1 and a bimodal distribution of age at presentation with peaks at 0-2 and 7-8 years. Skin stigmata were more frequent in @entity1 below 6 years of age than in older @entity1 (P=0.035). The MRI scans demonstrated that the conus lay within the sacral canal more often in @entity1 than @entity1 (P=0.025). Severe @entity1494 was significantly more frequent in those presenting at =3 years of age (P=0.017) and there were more normal outcomes in @entity1 operated upon before the age of 3 than in those operated upon at or after this age ( P<0.0001). Eight @entity1 who had been operated upon had severe urological problems at the time of their last assessment (median age of 8 years and 2 months). They were predominantly @entity1 with major pre-operative @entity5450 . CONCLUSIONS: Formal pre-operative urological assessment proved to be the strongest determinant of final urological outcome. Other predictors of poor urological outcome were @entity362 size and sacral position for the @entity362 . This series demonstrates how early and late presenting @entity1 may represent different @entity1 groups, follow different natural histories and may therefore not be reliable for comparison purposes. Future studies of prophylactic untethering need to follow cohorts beyond the age of deterioration found in untreated cases (8 years) and must report the salient MRI features that we suggest are predictive of poor outcome.

title: XXXX : pitfalls in analysing the results of prophylactic surgery.

entities_list: @entity362 :: ('MESH:D008067', 'Disease') :: ['lipoma', 'congenital lumbosacral lipoma', 'large lipoma', 'lumbosacral lipomas', 'lipomas']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity5450 :: ('MESH:D014570', 'Disease') :: ['urological dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder dysfunction']

answer: @entity362 :: (MESH:D008067,Disease) :: ['Congenital lumbosacral lipomas']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: Detecting progression of @entity16 is often challenging. OBJECTIVE: To test the feasibility of using frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) and a region-of-interest (ROI) approach to measure progressive changes in @entity16 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Among a group of @entity1 in an institutional @entity726 practice who were likely to show @entity726 progression, eyes with a history of an @entity548 ( @entity548 ) confirmed by stereophotography were followed up with FD-OCT cube scans of the optic disc. All @entity1 underwent FD-OCT scans on at least 2 occasions separated by at least 1 year (mean, 3.45 years; range, 1.42-6.39 years). Because we were not studying the effects of an optic @entity548 , no constraint was placed on the time between the documentation of an optic @entity548 and the first scan used in the analysis. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: After en face images of the FD-OCT scan were aligned based on the blood vessels, circumpapillary images were derived for an annulus 100   m in width, and the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness profiles were plotted for the first and last visits. The ROI width associated with the optic @entity548 was defined as the region of the RNFL profile below the 1% CI based on healthy norms. The change in the ROI width was compared with the change in the global RNFL thickness, which was obtained by averaging the circumpapillary RNFL thickness. RESULTS: The change in the ROI width (mean [SD], 8.0   [6.4  ]; 95% CI, 4.9   to 11.1  ; range, -0.7   to 19.3  ) was significant (P   <   .001, 2-tailed t test) while the change in the global thickness (mean [SD], 2.40 [5.87]  m; 95% CI, -0.48 to 5.28  m) was not significant (P   >   .12, 2-tailed t test). Although 15 of the 16 ROIs increased in width between visits, only 11 showed a decrease in the global RNFL thickness. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: For detecting progression of local RNFL damage in @entity1 with @entity726 , an OCT ROI approach appears superior to the OCT global RNFL thickness measure typically used.

title: A Region-of-Interest Approach for Detecting Progression of XXXX With Optical Coherence Tomography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous damage']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['DH', 'optic disc hemorrhage']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['Glaucomatous Damage']


abstract: Fifty @entity1 (37 females and 13 males) with first febrile urinary tract infections were studied to assess the value of @entity29582 ( @entity9409 ) scan in detecting inflammatory changes of @entity2885 ( @entity2885 ). These findings were compared with renal ultrasonography (US). We also evaluated the reliability of clinical and laboratory observations in diagnosing @entity2885 ( @entity2885 ). All @entity1 had micturating cystourethrography (MCUG). @entity9409 -documented @entity2885 was present in 29 (58%) @entity1 . Only four @entity1 (8%) demonstrated changes suggestive of @entity2885 on renal ultrasonography. @entity3025 ( @entity3025 ) was documented in 17 (47%) of the total group and in 13 (45%) of those with abnormal @entity9409 scan. Follow-up @entity9409 scan in 15 @entity1 with initial abnormal findings showed complete recovery in seven (47%). Our data have shown that @entity9409 renal scan is the most useful investigational procedure in @entity1 with febrile UTI. The diagnosis of @entity2885 , depending on clinical and laboratory data, is unreliable. Renal US alone can miss serious @entity8 . MCUG remains the most sensitive procedure to detect @entity3025 and it should be performed in all @entity1 with UTI and abbormal @entity9409 scan. Early detection of @entity2885 allows the prompt introduction of antimicrobial agents in those @entity1 and can prevent or decrease @entity8 and its complications.

title: Febrile urinary tract infection in @entity1 : Role of XXXX ( @entity9409 ) scan and other imaging techniques.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity29582 :: ('MESH:D019783', 'Chemical') :: ['99MTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal damage', 'renal defects']

entities_list: @entity3025 :: ('MESH:D014718', 'Disease') :: ['VUR', 'Vesicoureteric reflux']

entities_list: @entity2885 :: ('MESH:D011704', 'Disease') :: ['APN', 'acute pyelonephritis']

answer: @entity29582 :: (MESH:D019783,Chemical) :: ['99MTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid']


abstract: A age-related morphological changes in @entity9497 and knock knees were studied on roentgenograms taken in a standing , notably on alignment of the lower extremities. In the present study comparisons of chronological changes of this alignment, which was assessed by the femoro-tibial angle, were made between 3 groups of @entity1 under 16 years of age: 350 controls (656 legs), 148 with genu varum (296 legs) and 176 with genu valgum (252 legs). Bone growth at the lower end of the femur and at the upper end of the tibia was found to influence most closely on the changes in the femoro-tibial angle. The femoro-tibial angle of the controls under 3 years of age showed more than 180 degrees, the lower extremities were bowed outwardly, and the axes of the femoral shafts were medially tilted. From the age of 3 to 5 years the lower extremities reversely tended to be knocked inwardly owing to gradual growth of the lateral condyles of the femur and the tibia. Then, with advancing age, the @entity2270 of the femoral shaft again tended to tilt outwardly and at the same time the @entity2270 tended to be tilted inwardly. Since these changes in the direction of bone axes are counter-balanced, the femoro-tibial angle tended to be 177.37 degrees, approximating to the value of the japanese adults (176 degrees - 178 degrees). Then, the femoro-tibial angle can be estimated by measuring an angle between the proximal epiphyseal line and the @entity2270 of the tibial shaft. In @entity1 with knock knees there occurred no marked chronological changes in bone alignment and the lower extremities were always knocked inwardly as compared with the controls. In @entity1 with @entity9497 , on the other hand, the @entity85 tended to be normalized notably with the age advancing as a result of growth of the medial condyle of the femur. The mechanical @entity2270 of the lower extremity passed through somewhat lateral side to the center of the knee in the most of the controls aged from 2 to 5 years and through a little medial side in those of the other age group. In @entity1 with knock knees and in those with @entity9497 , on the other hand, the @entity2270 was always found to pass through the laternal and the medial side, respectively, to the center of the knee. The rate of deviation of the @entity2270 was noted in correlation with the femoro-tibial angle with coefficient index of 0.855 in the controls, 0.875 in a group of knock knees and 0.951 in a group of @entity9497 .

title: [A roentgenographical study on chronological changes in genu varum and valgum in XXXX (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformity']

entities_list: @entity2270 :: ('MESH:C566610', 'Disease') :: ['axis', 'tibial axis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Eosinophils are seen together with neutrophils at sites of @entity32 . However, their roles are not clear. In addition, eosinophils infiltrate @entity5 tissue in some @entity5 . In this study, we show that large amounts of the neutrophil-activating CXC chemokine growth-related oncogene (GRO)-alpha can be produced by @entity1 eosinophils. Eosinophils showed presence of preformed @entity2851 in the crystalloid-containing specific granules (190 @entity468 x 10(6) cells). During incubation, a strong increase in @entity2851 gene expression was seen. At a low cell density, addition of @entity310 or @entity1356 increased the production of @entity2851 in eosinophils, which was not the case at a higher cell density. Eosinophils can produce @entity310 themselves, and neutralizing Abs against @entity310 significantly inhibited @entity2851 production. This suggests that autocrine and paracrine effects from @entity310 can be important when up-regulating @entity2851 gene expression. In contrast, @entity379 , a prototypic Th1-cytokine, down-regulated expression of @entity2851 . This may be important during resolution of @entity32 but also suggests different roles for eosinophils depending on the inflammatory context. @entity5 eosinophils in @entity978 of the nodular sclerosing type are associated with a poor prognosis. Eosinophils from such @entity5 tissue showed an abundant expression of @entity2851 . The @entity2851 receptor @entity7416 was also detected in @entity5 tissue, proposing interactions between eosinophils and the @entity5 . Our findings suggest that eosinophils can promote @entity32 through recruitment of @entity7416 -bearing cells. In addition, this feature of the eosinophils indicates a role for these cells in the biology of certain @entity5 .

title: Expression and production of the CXC chemokine growth-related oncogene-alpha by XXXX eosinophils.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'Tumor-infiltrating', 'neoplastic diseases']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's disease"]

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity19 irradiated and reconstituted with hematopoietic cells lacking manganese @entity224 dismutase ( @entity183 ) show a persistent @entity5714 similar to @entity1 @entity417 ( @entity417 ), including characteristic intra-mitochondrial @entity68 deposition. @entity417 is primarily an acquired, @entity236 occurring in individuals over 60 years of age with uncertain etiology. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: To define early events in the pathogenesis of this @entity19 model of @entity417 , we compared erythroid differentiation of @entity183   /    and normal bone marrow cells using flow cytometry and gene expression profiling of erythroblasts. The predominant transcriptional differences observed include widespread down-regulation of mitochondrial metabolic pathways and mitochondrial biogenesis. Multiple nuclear encoded subunits of complexes I-IV of the electron transport chain, @entity855 synthase (complex V), @entity2974 cycle and mitochondrial ribosomal proteins were coordinately down-regulated in @entity183   /    erythroblasts. Despite @entity68 accumulation within mitochondria, we found increased expression of @entity3654 receptor, @entity16344 , at both the transcript and protein level in @entity183 deficient cells, suggesting deregulation of @entity68 delivery. Interestingly, there was decreased expression of @entity72492 , the gene responsible for @entity14713 , a component required for @entity5985 cluster biogenesis. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These results indicate that in erythroblasts, mitochondrial oxidative stress reduces expression of multiple nuclear genes encoding components of the respiratory chain, @entity2974 cycle and mitochondrial protein synthesis. An additional target of particular relevance for @entity417 is @entity68 : @entity599 cluster biosynthesis. By decreasing transcription of components of cluster synthesis machinery, both @entity68 utilization and regulation of @entity68 uptake are impacted, contributing to the sideroblastic phenotype.

title: XXXX deficient erythroid cells up-regulate @entity16344 and down-regulate mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism.

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['sideroblastic anemia', 'SA']

entities_list: @entity14713 :: ('MESH:C536358', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked hereditary SA with ataxia']

entities_list: @entity5985 :: ('CHEBI:30408', 'Chemical') :: ['iron-sulfur']

entities_list: @entity5714 :: ('MESH:D000743', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic anemia']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['clonal marrow disorder']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity183 :: (20656(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['SOD2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Our aim was to determine whether early anatomical injury patterns on magnetic resonance imaging-correlate with the development of @entity302 in @entity1 treated with selective head cooling for @entity2806 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed @entity1 >= 35  weeks' gestation born between 2008 and 2013 and followed for at least one year at Northwestern University. All had brain magnetic resonance imaging scans at days 4-5 and electroencephalographs during rewarming and at 3 to 6  months of age. RESULTS: Outcome was favorable for our cohort of 73 individuals with a mean follow-up of 41 (  7) months. The majority (66%) survived with no @entity410 recurrence, whereas 13 (18%) developed @entity302 , including eight who had @entity739 . Twelve @entity1 (16%) died. The most common magnetic resonance imaging pattern was @entity1545 involving both cortical and subcortical gray matter (26/73, 35%), followed by @entity62 (18/73, 25%) and normal magnetic resonance imaging (16/73, 22%). In 13 @entity1 (18%), the brainstem was involved in addition to cortical and subcortical gray matter; nine died and all four surviving @entity1 developed @entity739 . All 18 @entity1 with @entity62 survived and none developed @entity302 . The risk of @entity302 was associated with @entity130 (basal ganglia, thalamus      brainstem) (12/39 versus 1/34, P  <  0.003). CONCLUSIONS: @entity130 was highly predictive of @entity739 , whereas @entity130 alone predicted low risk for short-term @entity302 . Location of anatomical injury on magnetic resonance imaging can be an early predictive factor for development of @entity739 and inform prognostic decisions in newborns treated with selective head cooling for @entity2806 .

title: Early Anatomical XXXX in Head Cooled Neonates With @entity2806 .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse brain injury']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity739 :: ('MESH:D013036', 'Disease') :: ['infantile spasms']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['postneonatal epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['cortical and subcortical white matter injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['cortical injury', 'Brainstem injury', 'injury involving subcortical regions']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['Injury Patterns Predict Epilepsy']


abstract: Salivary flow has been recorded from conscious @entity95 during 1 min periods whilst continuously chewing standard laboratory dry pellets or pieces of @entity10786 and, in some animals, a mash of pellets with water. Flow was measured using contact drop recorders or a continuous flow recorder via @entity691 tubes permanently inserted into one or both parotid ducts. Large variations in flow were obtained with unilateral recordings particularly during dry pellet chewing. Bilateral recordings showed that the flow was always greater on one side than on the other and that dominant secretion alternated from side to side in an apparently random manner. @entity95 chew unilaterally. Videotaped recordings of chewing movements showed that the greater secretion was always produced on the chewing side. To test the possibility that @entity5932 , or the prolonged hardness of the pellets may result in higher flow rates in animals with cannulated ducts than would normally be seen in intact animals, water was injected downstream into the mouth through a third cannula. This was inserted in an anterograde direction in the parotid duct on one side. Significant reductions in flow were recorded during dry pellet eating, but not during @entity10786 eating. When animals were fed a soft pellet mash, salivary flow was significantly lower than with dry pellets. Recordings have been made from strain gauges attached to the ascending ramus of the mandible. Previous findings that dry pellets produce greater strain than @entity10786 have been confirmed. It has also been shown that less strain is produced with soft pellet mash. The strain gauge data suggested that a relation exists between masticatory force and parotid salivary flow. The results are compatible with the hypothesis that intra-oral mechanoreceptors may be involved in a masticatory-salivary reflex.

title: The possible relation between mastication and parotid secretion in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['Polythene']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['Rabbits', 'rabbits']

entities_list: @entity5932 :: ('MESH:C565008', 'Disease') :: ['drying of the oral mucosa']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Inflammation is important in the development of @entity731 . Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and @entity379 which participate in collagen degradation are pathological factors in plaque vulnerability as an important mechanism underlying @entity1187 . This study investigated whether @entity32 is related to the onset of @entity1187 . METHODS: This study included 56 @entity1 with @entity1187 (ACS group), 104 @entity1 with chronic @entity453 (S group), and 38 control subjects with no evidence of @entity741 (C group). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), @entity1495 , and @entity379 were measured in peripheral blood samples. Soluble adhesion molecules ( @entity4725 , @entity2071 ) were also measured as inflammatory markers. RESULTS: The hs-CRP level was significantly higher in the ACS group (44.5 mg/l) than in the S group (2.1 mg/l) and the C group (0.6 mg/l) (p < 0.0001). The @entity1495 level was also significantly higher in the ACS group (333.8 ng/ml) than in the S group (110.8 ng/ml) and the C group (72.0 ng/ml) (p < 0.0001). The @entity4725 level was significantly higher in the ACS group (506.5 ng/ml) than in the C group (448.8 ng/ml) (p < 0.05). The @entity2071 level and the @entity379 level did not differ between the groups. There was a significant positive correlation between the level of hs-CRP and the level of the collagen degradation product @entity1495 (r = 0.52) in all subjects. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that plaque destabilized by @entity1495 produced in response to @entity32 participates in the mechanism of @entity1187 .

title: Involvement of @entity32 in acute coronary syndromes assessed by levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, matrix metalloproteinase-9 and soluble XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['interferon-gamma']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity4725 :: (7412,Gene) :: ['vascular-cell adhesion molecule-1']


abstract: Our hospital admitted 231 @entity1 with @entity1893 between June 1976 and November 1984. Review of these cases revealed the following profile: ages ranged from 1 to 70 years (median: 30 years), 156 males, predominantly @entity1 and adolescents, and 75 females. Diffuse histiocytic lymphoma accounted for 40.6 per cent of all cases. Seventeen @entity1 (7 per cent) had @entity8462 . Fifteen @entity1 , predominantly male @entity1 and adolescents, had @entity981 and showed high association with mediastinal mass (47 per cent). @entity706 mostly of the diffuse histiocytic subtype were diagnosed in 100 cases (43.3 per cent) and most frequently situated in the small intestine (59 cases). @entity2109 --32 @entity1 (14 per cent)--presented most often in male @entity1 during the first decade of life and as an abdominal intestinal disease (19 cases). There were four cases of Mediterranean @entity706 ( @entity9314 ). @entity1893 in Jordanians are mostly of the diffuse histiocytic type, are rarely nodular, have a high frequency of extranodal involvement and tend to occur in younger age groups. Mediterranean @entity706 is less frequent than previously thought. The use of both of the Rappaport and Lukes-Collins classifications demonstrated a high degree of reproducibility.

title: XXXX in Jordanians: a histopathological study of 231 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoblastic lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['Extranodal lymphomas', 'abdominal lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity2109 :: ('MESH:D002051', 'Disease') :: ["Burkitt's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity8462 :: ('MESH:D008224', 'Disease') :: ['nodular lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas", "non-Hodgkin's lymphomas"]

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: American football and rugby players are at substantial risk of injury because of the full-contact nature of these sports. Methodological differences between previous epidemiological studies hamper an accurate comparison of injury rates between American football and rugby. PURPOSE: To directly compare injury rates in American collegiate football and rugby, specified by location, type, mechanism, and severity of injury, as reported by licensed medical professionals. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. METHODS: Licensed medical professionals (athletic trainer or physician) associated with the football and rugby teams of a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I university reported attendance and @entity130 over 3 autumn seasons. Injuries were categorized by the location, type, mechanism, and severity of injury, and the injury rate was calculated per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs). Injury rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated to compare overall, game, and practice injury rates within and between sports. RESULTS: The overall injury rate was 4.9/1000 AEs in football versus 15.2/1000 AEs in rugby: @entity12623 = 3.1 (95% CI, 2.3-4.2). @entity130 rates were higher than practice injury rates: @entity12623 = 6.5 (95% CI, 4.5-9.3) in football and @entity12623 = 5.1 (95% CI, 3.0-8.6) in rugby. Injury rates for the shoulder, wrist/hand, and lower leg and for @entity6475 , @entity174 , and contusions in rugby were >4 times as high as those in football (all P  <= 0.006). Concussion rates were 1.0/1000 AEs in football versus 2.5/1000 AEs in rugby. Most injuries occurred via direct player contact, especially during games. The rate of season-ending injuries (>3 months of time loss) was 0.8/1000 AEs in football versus 1.0/1000 AEs in rugby: @entity12623 = 1.3 (95% CI, 0.4-3.4). CONCLUSION: Overall injury rates were substantially higher in collegiate rugby compared with football. Similarities between sports were observed in the most common @entity130 ( @entity6475 and concussions), locations (lower extremity and head), and mechanisms (direct player contact). @entity130 were more common in rugby, and the rate of season-ending injuries was similar between sports.

title: XXXX in American Collegiate Football and Club Rugby: A Prospective Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury details', 'Game injury', 'Upper extremity injuries', 'injury types']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Comparison of Injuries']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of oral postoperative @entity134 therapy in facial plastic surgery on mood, @entity4 , and ecchymosis. DESIGN: Double-blind randomized trial with placebo control. SETTING: Private practice, ambulatory care facility. @entity1 : Any @entity1 who was to undergo a procedure in which we had previously been employing postoperative @entity134 therapy was a potential @entity1 . Any @entity1 with known contraindications to @entity134 use was excluded. A consecutive, volunteer sample of 60 of 65 @entity1 approached agreed to participate. Five @entity1 of the 60 who participated were excluded from the final results owing to either study or @entity1 errors, leaving a total sample of 55 @entity1 . All 55 @entity1 completed the study in the 7-day follow-up period. No @entity1 were withdrawn owing to adverse effects. INTERVENTION: Taper of @entity229 therapy from 60 mg orally and decreasing by 10 mg each day over a total of 6 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mood, @entity4 , and ecchymosis. RESULTS: No significant differences were noted in mood, @entity4 , or ecchymosis between the placebo and intervention groups. The study observer was blinded to @entity1 groupings in the subjective measures of @entity4 and ecchymosis. The @entity1 rated any changes in mood and were also blinded to the group in which they belonged. CONCLUSIONS: The use of oral @entity230 given postoperatively in facial plastic surgery may be unnecessary and may subject the @entity1 to undue risk. Further studies would be helpful to determine the potential benefit of @entity230 given in different dosages, routes, and timing in relation to the procedure.

title: Effects of XXXX on mood, @entity4 , and ecchymosis in facial plastic surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'participant', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity230 :: (MESH:D013256,Chemical) :: ['steroids']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA)    endoscopic resection (EMR) is an established treatment strategy for neoplastic @entity5 . Most @entity1 are managed with proton pump inhibitors. The incidence of recurrent @entity355 , @entity1141 , or @entity5 after complete eradication is up to 43  % using this strategy. We hypothesize the addition of fundoplication should result in a lower recurrence rates after complete eradication. METHODS: Multi-institutional retrospective review of @entity1 undergoing endotherapy followed by Nissen fundoplication RESULTS: A total of 49 @entity1 underwent RFA    EMR followed by Nissen fundoplication. Complete remission of intestinal metaplasia (CR-IM) was achieved in 26 (53  %) @entity1 , complete remission of @entity1141 (CR-D) in 16 (33  %) @entity1 , and 7 (14  %) had persistent neoplastic Barrett's. After fundoplication, 18/26 (70  %) remained in CR-IM. An additional 10/16 CR-D achieved CR-IM and 4/7 with persistent @entity1141 achieved CR-IM. One @entity1 progressed to LGD while no @entity1 developed HGD or @entity5 . CONCLUSION: Endoscopic therapy for @entity355 and/or intramucosal @entity5 followed by fundoplication results in similar durability of CR-IM to @entity1 being managed with PPIs alone after endoscopic therapy. However, fundoplication may be superior in preventing further progression of disease and the development of @entity5 . Fundoplication is an important strategy to achieve and maintain CR-IM, and facilitate eradication of persistent @entity1141 .

title: The Durability of Endoscopic Therapy for Treatment of @entity355 , XXXX , and Mucosal Cancer After Nissen Fundoplication.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ["Barrett's and intramucosal cancer", 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ["Barrett's dysplasia", "Barrett's metaplasia"]

answer: @entity1141 :: (MESH:C535662,Disease) :: ['Dysplasia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess @entity6346 proton transfer-weighted (APTW) imaging features in @entity1 with @entity11 after chemoradiation and the diagnostic performance of APT imaging for distinguishing true progression from pseudoprogression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After approval by the Institutional Review Board, 32 @entity1 with clinically suspected @entity5 progression in the first 3 months after chemoradiation were enrolled and scanned at 3T. Longitudinal routine magnetic resonance imaging ( @entity7994 ) changes and medical records were assessed to confirm true progression versus pseudoprogression. True progression was @entity75 progressing on serial imaging over 6 months, and pseudoprogression was @entity75 stabilizing or regressing without intervention. The APTWmean and APTWmax signals were obtained from three to five regions of interests for each @entity1 and compared between the true progression and pseudoprogression groups. The diagnostic performance was assessed with receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS: The true progression was associated with APTW hyperintensity (APTWmean    =   2.75%        0.42%), while pseudoprogression was associated with APTW isointensity to mild hyperintensity (APTWmean    =   1.56%        0.42%). The APTW signal intensities were significantly higher in the true progression group (n   =   20) than in the pseudoprogression group (P < 0.001; n   =   12). The cutoff APTWmean and APTWmax intensity values to distinguish between true progression and pseudoprogression were 2.42% (with a sensitivity of 85.0% and a specificity of 100%) and 2.54% (with a sensitivity of 95.0% and a specificity of 91.7%), respectively. CONCLUSION: The @entity7994 signal is a valuable imaging biomarker for distinguishing pseudoprogression from true progression in @entity11 @entity1 . J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016.

title: Applying @entity6346 proton transfer-weighted XXXX to distinguish pseudoprogression from true progression in @entity11 .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['defined as lesions']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma', 'malignant gliomas']

answer: @entity7994 :: (78996,Gene) :: ['MRI']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of @entity778 (HSV) @entity1014 kinase (TK)/ @entity4540 (GCV)-mediated suicide effect obtained in three different cell lines and the ways in which this system-mediated cell killing occurs. METHODS: Recombinant retroviral vector expressing HSV-TK was transduced into three cell lines known with different growth rate ( @entity70726 and LLC- @entity24525 ). The doubling time of the transduced and parental cells was calculated. @entity98 method was used to detect the concentration of GCV at which cell growth was inhibited by 50% (IC(50) value). Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. @entity39 or apoptosis of cultured cells and/or xenografts was observed under light and electron microscope, and by in situ apoptosis detection. RESULTS: The doubling time of the three parental cell lines was (31.2 +/- 0.1) h, (48.3 +/- 0.1) h, and (53.9 +/- 0.1) h, separately. The IC(50) values of their HSV-TK-transduced cell lines to GCV were (0.73 +/- 0.12) micromol/L, (0.93 +/- 0.16) micromol/L and (1.22 +/- 0.06) micromol/L, respectively and the IC(50) value was correlated with the cell doubling time. Flow cytometry revealed S arrest. The majority of cells under treatment of GCV displayed @entity4 , but very few cells showed apoptosis. Large areas of @entity39 were observed in the xenografts. CONCLUSIONS: The cells with high growth rate are more susceptible to HSV-TK/GCV-mediated killing effect. @entity39 is the main way in which cells of the three HSV-TK-transduced cells lines die.

title: [Different susceptibility of cell lines to @entity1014 kinase/ XXXX -mediated killing effect and the way of cell death].

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['variability of herpes simplex virus']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'Necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling and collapse']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

entities_list: @entity4540 :: ('MESH:D015774', 'Chemical') :: ['ganciclovir']

answer: @entity4540 :: (MESH:D015774,Chemical) :: ['ganciclovir']


abstract: PURPOSE: Goal setting is an established strategy in health behavior change programs although its usefulness remains uncertain. The authors investigate the validity of attainment of a @entity1 -identified goal as an outcome measure in cardiac rehabilitation after @entity583 . METHODS: On entry into a randomized controlled trial of cardiac rehabilitation after an acute @entity583 , @entity1 identified one activity that, if and when attained, would reflect their perception of a successful recovery. @entity1 reported whether they had attained their goal and the time of goal attainment. This was then related to trial outcomes that included generic and specific health-related quality of life and percent predicted exercise tolerance. RESULTS: Goals identified by 180 of the 201 (89.6%) @entity1 , were attained by 51.5% at 8 weeks and by 86.5% at 12 months. At the end of the 8-week intervention, there was a substantial trend for fewer rehabilitation than usual care @entity1 to have attained their identified goal (P < 0.06), although rehabilitation @entity1 demonstrated greater improvement in specific health-related quality of life and exercise tolerance than usual care @entity1 (P < 0.05). Among @entity1 who identified a recreational physical activity goal (26.7%), significantly fewer (P < 0.007) rehabilitation than usual care @entity1 had attained their goal at the end of the intervention with no differences in improvement in outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Although improvement in outcomes was greater in rehabilitation @entity1 than usual care @entity1 at 8 weeks, goal attainment, particularly for the recreational physical activity goal, was greater among usual care @entity1 . The validity of self-identified activity goal attainment as a measure of the efficacy of cardiac rehabilitation is unclear and might give misleading results.

title: Goal attainment in a randomized controlled trial of rehabilitation after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the efficacy and survival associated factors of @entity4562 combined with @entity900 and @entity136 for advanced @entity1149 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 57 @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ), who received @entity902 -based chemotherapy regimens for more than 1 cycle, were treated with @entity4562 combined with @entity900 and @entity136 until disease progression. Efficacy, survival time and adverse reactions were observed. The Kaplan-Meier method was adopted for analysis of survival and Cox regression for associated influencing factors. RESULTS: The @entity1 were followed up until October 31, 2013, and the median follow-up time was 19 months. Of 57 @entity1 , there were 4 (7.0%) with complete remission (CR), 8 (14.0%) with partial remission, 31 (54.4%) with stable disease, and 14 (24.6%) with disease progression. The remission rate was 21.1% and the disease control rate was 75.4%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) time and the median overall survival time were 10 months and 15.2 months. The one-year, two-year and three- year survival rates were 47.4%, 23.3% and 10.0%. Gender and pathological types were the independent risk factors influencing PFS time (P=0.028, P=0.009). Tumor pathological type and early efficacy were independent factors for the prognosis (P=0.018, P=0.000). Adverse reactions were mostly rashes of I~II degree and @entity294 and slightly increasing level of aminopherase. The skin adverse event incidence of III degree or above was 1.8% (1/57) and brain @entity3 was foudn in 31.6% (18/57). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4562 combined with @entity900 andgemcitabine, is effective for @entity1 with IIIb~IV @entity1149 who received multiple cycles of chemotherapy.

title: Efficacy and Survival-associated Factors with @entity4562 Combined with @entity900 and XXXX for Advanced @entity1149 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4562 :: ('MESH:C419708', 'Chemical') :: ['gefitinib', 'Gefitinib']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['Gemcitabine']


abstract: We report the case of a 38-year-old @entity1 with @entity548 diathesis. Since early childhood she has suffered from @entity1415 , @entity548 , ecchymoses and, since puberty, very frequent @entity931 . Prolongation of bleeding time and @entity882 (100,000 platelets/microliter) with giant platelets were observed. Since @entity14628 was suspected, splenectomy was performed. Neither this nor @entity134 treatment caused any improvement. The @entity1 was able to give birth to an unaffected @entity1 , but delivery was followed by a major @entity548 . In 1986, hysterectomy was considered because of frequent @entity931 and, therefore, the @entity1 's hemostasis was reinvestigated. The aforementioned abnormalities were confirmed and complementary examinations by electron microscope revealed giant platelets without @entity854 . While @entity2880 factor was normal, ristocetin agglutination was defective and analysis of platelet membrane glycoproteins showed absence of glycoprotein Ib. - These observations prompted the diagnosis of @entity3742 . The study of the family demonstrated that 6 family members were heterozygote. This is believed to be the first large Bernard-Soulier family reported in Switzerland.

title: [ XXXX in a Swiss family].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity3742 :: ('MESH:D001606', 'Disease') :: ['Bernard-Soulier syndrome']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic', 'hemorrhage', 'gingival bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['granular abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity931 :: ('MESH:D008595', 'Disease') :: ['menorrhagia']

entities_list: @entity14628 :: ('MESH:D011696', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic thrombopenic purpura']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['von Willebrand']

answer: @entity3742 :: (MESH:D001606,Disease) :: ['Bernard-Soulier syndrome']


abstract: Recent work on odor hedonics in @entity161 has indicated that @entity1 display @entity854 in comparison to healthy comparison @entity1 . In the current study, identification accuracy for pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant odors in individuals with @entity161 and healthy controls was examined. Thirty-three @entity161 @entity1 (63% male) and thirty-one healthy volunteers (65% male) were recruited. The groups were well matched on age, sex, and smoking status. @entity1 were administered the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test, which was subsequently divided into 16 pleasant, 15 neutral, and 9 unpleasant items. Analysis of identification z-scores for pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant odors revealed a significant diagnosis by valence interaction. Post-hoc analysis revealed that @entity161 @entity1 made more identification errors on pleasant and neutral odors compared to healthy controls, with no differences observed for unpleasant odors. No effect was seen for sex. The findings from the current investigation suggest that odor identification accuracy in @entity1 is influenced by odor valence. This pattern of results parallels a growing body of literature indicating that @entity1 display aberrant pleasantness ratings for pleasant odors and highlights the need for additional research on the influence of odor valence on olfactory identification performance in individuals with @entity161 .

title: Identification of pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant odors in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities in hedonic judgments of odors']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Percutaneous absorption of topically applied 0.05% @entity6914 ( @entity16973 ) can be assessed indirectly by measuring @entity701 levels. A direct way is to measure systemic levels of topically applied @entity16973 . METHODS: Serum concentrations of @entity16973 were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ @entity15 / @entity15 ), and were related to serum @entity701 levels in 25 @entity1 with an exacerbation of @entity483 ( @entity483 ) before and after the first day of treatment with 0.05% @entity16973 in hospital. The body surface area (BSA) affected by @entity483 was measured. RESULTS: Before the start of 0.05% @entity16973 treatment, normal @entity701 levels were measured (0.47    0.18  mol/l) and @entity16973 concentrations could not be detected. After the first day of treatment, @entity701 levels decreased to 0.04    0.05  mol/l. Serum concentrations of @entity16973 could be detected in all @entity1 (0.112-4.504 ng/ml). Levels did not differ between @entity1 who had received two applications versus one application of 0.05% @entity16973 . There was no correlation between the affected BSA and serum concentrations of @entity16973 . CONCLUSION: Serum levels of @entity16973 can be measured by LC/ @entity15 / @entity15 . When prescribing 0.05% @entity16973 , one must bear in mind that, even after an application of 20-30 g, @entity16973 is systemically available and potent enough to induce adrenal gland suppression.

title: The potency of @entity6914 : serum levels of @entity6914 and adrenal function during therapy with 0.05% XXXX in @entity1 with severe @entity483 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis', 'AD']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity6914 :: ('MESH:D002990', 'Chemical') :: ['clobetasol propionate']

answer: @entity6914 :: (MESH:D002990,Chemical) :: ['clobetasol propionate']


abstract: To investigate protein synthesis during @entity291 oocyte maturation in vitro, oocytes were put in culture with 35S- @entity1853 for 4 hr periods from time zero to 28 hr. Pools of 10 oocytes were then prepared for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). For each time interval, three gels were obtained, digitalized, and analyzed to detect proteins. Then, the gel containing the most proteins was chosen as the reference gel and compared with the others. An averaged gel was created with proteins present in at least two gels of the three. Our results indicate that the rate of protein synthesis is higher at the beginning of maturation until the appearance of @entity196 ( @entity196 , 8-12 hr) and then it decreases and stays relatively constant. Percentages of initial proteins (0-4 hr) and remaining present during the progression decrease progressively from 100% to 53%. In contrast, when we compare proteins synthesized from the 4 to 8 hr period with proteins from the 8 to 12 or the 12 to 16 hr intervals, percentages of overall protein matching are stable with values of 81 and 79%, respectively. Comparison of proteins from 20 to 24 hr with proteins from 16 to 20 or 24 to 28 hr intervals also gives stable percentages of overall protein matching with values of 83 and 84%, respectively. Furthermore, a higher number of new proteins is observed at 4-8 hr (n=130) and 16-20 hr (n=136) of maturation. Thus, three major patterns of protein synthesis were observed during @entity291 oocyte maturation in vitro: one at the beginning of maturation (0-4 hr), another one in the middle (4-16 hr), and the last one after the completion of @entity196 stage (16-28 hr).

title: Study of newly synthesized proteins during XXXX oocyte maturation in vitro using image analysis of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.

entities_list: @entity196 :: ('MESH:D020754', 'Disease') :: ['MI', 'metaphase I']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']