abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of electrocardiographic (ECG) findings suggestive of @entity1164 risk in apparently healthy young Korean @entity1 . METHODS: We administered questionnaires that elicited personal and family histories and performed ECGs on 10,867 male subjects (mean age, 20.9 years). The subjects with abnormal ECG findings underwent echocardiography, a treadmill test, Holter monitoring, a @entity6237 provocation test, or an electrophysiologic study (EPS) according to the ECG findings and histories. RESULTS: Of the subjects, 5.95% had left @entity123 on ECG, but no subjects had @entity1121 by echocardiography. The percentage of subjects with a Brugada ECG pattern was 0.90%. We identified one subject with a positive result on the @entity6237 provocation test. The percentage of subjects with a preexcitation ECG was 0.17%. In two of the subjects, @entity4710 was induced in the EPS. Of the subjects, 0.05% had epsilon waves, but there were no subjects with @entity4128 right @entity67 / @entity296 by echocardiography. The percentage of subjects with long QT intervals was 0.02%, but there were no @entity943 on the treadmill test or Holter monitoring. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of a Brugada ECG pattern in apparently healthy young @entity1 is higher in Korea than other countries.

title: Prevalence of electrocardiographic findings suggestive of @entity1164 risk in 10,867 apparently healthy young Korean XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity4128 :: ('MESH:D019571', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmogenic']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity6237 :: ('MESH:D005424', 'Chemical') :: ['flecainide']

entities_list: @entity123 :: ('MESH:D024741', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: @entity842 (NO) releasing drugs have helped @entity1 suffering from @entity951 for more than a century. In the 1970s NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase was identified as the target of NO. Since then, three different isoforms of the enzyme have been identified. All NO-releasing drugs act by binding of NO to the prosthetic @entity1446 group common to all three isoforms. They thus act all as isoform-unspecific substances. This review addresses recently developed drugs that activate NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase independent of NO-release. They have great potential in the treatment of @entity951 , @entity101 and @entity323 . The molecular target has been validated by the successful clinical use of NO-releasing drugs for more than a century. At the same time the mode of action of these drugs is entirely new. The development of highly isoform-specific derivatives with distinct pharmacological profiles is now an open possibility with great potential.

title: Drugs that activate specific @entity842 sensitive guanylyl cyclase isoforms independent of XXXX release.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: Findings from studies of @entity2449 use with risk of @entity5 incidence and outcome provide mixed results; with few studies examined associations by recency of @entity6 diagnosis or duration of medication use. Thus, in the @entity1 's Health Initiative, we examined these associations and further explored whether associations differ by recency of @entity6 and duration of @entity2449 use. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals. @entity6 was associated with higher risk of @entity3 (HR, 1.13; p   <   0.001) and of several site-specific @entity5 (HR, 1.2-1.4, and up to over twofold). @entity6 was also associated with higher risk of @entity204 from @entity5 (HR, 1.46; p   <   0.001). There was no overall difference in @entity5 incidence by @entity6 therapy (p   =   0.66). However, there was a lower risk of @entity204 from @entity5 for @entity2449 users, compared to users of other medications, relative to @entity1 without @entity6 , overall (HRs, 1.08 vs. 1.45; p   =   0.007) and for @entity0 (HRs, 0.50 vs. 1.29; p   =   0.05). Results also suggested that lower @entity5 risk associated with @entity2449 may be evident only for a longer duration of use in certain @entity5 sites or subgroup populations. We provide further evidence that postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity6 are at higher risk of @entity3 and @entity5 @entity204 . @entity2449 users, particularly long-term users, may be at lower risk of developing certain @entity5 and dying from @entity5 , compared to users of other anti- @entity6 medications. Future studies are needed to determine the long-term effect of @entity2449 in @entity5 risk and survival from @entity5 .

title: @entity6 , @entity2449 and incidence of and @entity204 from @entity3 in postmenopausal @entity1 : Results from the XXXX 's health initiative.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['total invasive cancer', 'invasive cancer']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['Metformin', 'metformin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: @entity14761 , an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, commonly involves the stomach and small intestine with @entity1712 . Herein we describe an unusual case of @entity14761 involving the entire digestive tract. A 24-yr-old @entity1 came to our hospital presenting with @entity294 with marked peripheral @entity1712 . Stool specimens were negative for parasites, ova, bacteria, and fungi. Barium and endoscopic studies showed thickened @entity4 folds of the duodenum and small intestine. Biopsy specimens of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, ileum, and colon showed @entity1712 . A diagnosis of @entity14761 involving the entire digestive tract was made, and therapy with @entity229 was started. Symptoms and peripheral @entity1712 rapidly resolved, and biopsies of the digestive tract demonstrated no @entity1712 . This case illustrates the expanded spectrum of the disease to the entire digestive tract and emphasizes the diagnostic usefulness of endoscopic biopsies. The initial presentation of @entity1 with @entity1712 requires the evaluation of the entire digestive tract. It is worth noting that @entity14761 can involve the entire digestive tract.

title: XXXX involving the entire digestive tract.

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic infiltration', 'eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edematous']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity14761 :: ('MESH:C535952', 'Disease') :: ['Eosinophilic gastroenteritis', 'eosinophilic gastroenteritis']

answer: @entity14761 :: (MESH:C535952,Disease) :: ['Eosinophilic gastroenteritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Differences in the condylar between both sides in class III cases with mandibular deviated are important for the diagnosis, treatment, and retention in this kind of @entity1 . To detect the subtle differences, we analyzed the size, shape, and bone density with three-dimensional reconstructed technology. METHODS: The symmetry group and the asymmetry group each with 20 cases were chosen according to some standards. The computed tomographic data obtained and three-dimensional model were built with SimPlant software. The distance and angle were measured in the three-dimensional model, and the bone density was measured with the SimPlant software. The differences between the separated side in each group and the difference between the 2 groups were analyzed. RESULTS: In the asymmetry group, some measurement projects of the bilateral condyles showed significant differences, such as the ramal height, condylar perpendicular height, the area of maximum cross section of condylar, condylar medialateral diameter, length of posterior slope, and angle of posterior slope. When the asymmetry group was compared with the symmetry group, the condyles of the asymmetry group showed more asymmetrical variations in morphology, such as the ramal height, the condylar perpendicular height, the area of maximum cross section of condylar, the medialateral diameter, the length of anterior slope, and angle of posterior slope. The bone mineral density of the condylar anterior and condylar medial point was higher in the nondeviated side, and the bone mineral density of the condylar posterior was higher in the deviated side, and no statistically significant difference was found in the symmetry group. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity3233 with @entity5494 @entity1 , the three-dimensional morphology and bone density of condylar on the deviated side differ from the nondeviated side, which indicates the association between asymmetrical jaw function and joint @entity5707 .

title: Study of Condylar Asymmetry in Angle XXXX With @entity5494 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3233 :: ('MESH:D008313', 'Disease') :: ['class III malocclusion']

entities_list: @entity5707 :: ('MESH:D020257', 'Disease') :: ['remodeling']

entities_list: @entity5494 :: ('MESH:D010262', 'Disease') :: ['mandibular deviation']

answer: @entity3233 :: (MESH:D008313,Disease) :: ['Class III Malocclusion']


abstract: An 80-year-old @entity1 , who was followed as an A-bomb victim, was diagnosed to have advanced @entity1086 with liver @entity3 on December, 2005. Due to her advanced age, her previous doctor recommended the best supportive care. Therefore, her general condition was good, so we decided to treat her with @entity900 , @entity1259 and continuous infusion of @entity1487 (CEF therapy). She was given @entity1487 500 mg/body per day via continuous infusion on days 1 to 5, @entity900 50mg body and @entity1259 20mg body on day 1 every 28 days, and these dosages have been reduced. CEF therapy was started from February, 2007. @entity75 and liver @entity3 decreased remarkably after completion of 2 cycles, and we judged it as a complete response. After 10 cycles, lung @entity3 was found by CT scan in August, 2007. We tried chemotherapy with @entity136 as a second-line treatment. The result of @entity136 was again a progressive disease, so we switched her regimen to S-1 as a third-line treatment on January, 2008. Chemotherapy is continued by the outpatient care now, 25 months after the medical treatment started. The present result suggests that CEF therapy may be useful for metastatic @entity1086 .

title: [Elderly @entity1 with metastatic @entity1086 treated by @entity900 , @entity1259 and continuous infusion XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: A cross-sectional study of 216 impotent @entity1 aged 40 to 79 years (mean age 60.9 years) was conducted to determine if there are age-related changes in clinical and hormonal parameters in an impotent population. There was a slight increase in the degree of @entity250 with age, with @entity323 occurring in a larger percent of the 60- and 70-year-olds than in the younger @entity1 (41% vs 27% for the 40 year olds, P less than .05). No @entity1 above the age of 70 years reported any full erections, even of short duration. In contrast, reported levels of libido did not vary significantly with age. Abnormal penile Doppler studies diagnostic of @entity11539 were found in 17.8% of the @entity1 tested, and an additional 17.8% were found to have evidence suggestive of a vascular etiology. These abnormal vascular findings were associated with an extremely high prevalence of clinically apparent @entity731 in this population. In 22.9% of the subjects, an abnormal vascular response was found only on exercise, ie, a "pelvic steal", which only occurred above the age of 50 years. There was a marked age-related alteration in the concentration of @entity251 (T) and bioavailable @entity251 (BT), but no statistically significant change in the levels of gonadotropins with age. An increase in the prevalence of @entity6126 with age was found, which suggested an increasing prevalence of hypothalamic @entity4611 in this @entity1 group. For both vascular and hormonal changes (such as low T and BT), the greatest changes appear to occur after the age of 50.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX and aging: clinical and hormonal factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['complete erectile failure']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity11539 :: ('MESH:D018783', 'Disease') :: ['vasculogenic impotence']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['eugonadotropic hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity323 :: (MESH:D007172,Disease) :: ['Impotence']


abstract: Exercise training decreases blood viscosity in athletes parallel with metabolic improvements mostly characterized by an @entity1720 . @entity1 with @entity258 exhibit a host of @entity209 that may also benefit from regular training. However, the hemorheologic aspects of training in such subjects are not known and we aimed at characterizing them. SUBJECTS: Thirty-two @entity28 insulin resistant subjects were tested before and after 2 months. Twenty-one of them were trained (3x45 min/wk) at a level defined by exercise calorimetry and corresponding to the power at which lipid oxidation reaches a maximum (LIPOX(max )) and eleven served as controls. The two groups were matched for age and body mass index. There was no weight change in controls while the 2 months training period decreased weight by 2.5 kg (p<0.02). This change was totally explained by a loss in fat mass (-2.7 kg, p<0.02) while fat free mass remained unchanged. Blood rheology was unchanged in the control group while training improved plasma viscosity @entity2231 (pl) (before: 1.43+/-0.03 mPa.s; after: 1.35+/-0.03 mPa.s, p<0.02). There was no change in either hematocrit, @entity2003 or red cell aggregation. The balance of substrates oxidation shifted towards a higher use of lipids (point of crossover where subjects oxidize 70% @entity3363 30% lipids: before 39.3+/-6.9 watts; after 70.8+/-6 watts, p<0.001; point where lipid oxidation is maximal (LIPOX(max )) before: 16.5+/-1.4 watts; after: 21.4+/-1.3 watts, p<0.001) and V(O(2max )) increased by 74% (p<0.01). Consistent with observations in athletes, the metabolic and ergometric improvements induced by training reduces @entity2231 (pl) in sedentary, insulin resistant @entity1 , but at those low levels training does not appear to induce "autohemodilution" (as reflected by hematocrit) neither it improves red cell deformability or aggregation. The reliability of @entity2231 (pl) as simple and unexpensive marker of efficiency of training in insulin resistant @entity1 should be further evaluated.

title: Regular exercise (3x45 min/wk) decreases plasma viscosity in sedentary @entity28 , insulin resistant XXXX parallel to an improvement in fitness and a shift in substrate oxidation balance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['red cell rigidity']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disorders']

entities_list: @entity1720 :: ('MESH:D007333', 'Disease') :: ['increase in insulin sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low insulin sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The surprising results published by FIRE-3 revealed that the overall survival (OS) of RAS wild-type metastatic @entity14 (mCRC) @entity1 treated with Cetuximab(Cmab) and FOLFIRI combination was prolonged to 33.1  months. The substantial increase in testing and treatment costs, however, impose a considerable health burden on @entity1 and society. Hence the study was aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of RAS screening before monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) therapy based on FIRE-3 study. Four groups were analyzed: group 1, @entity1 with @entity984 testing treated with Cmab and FOLFIRI; group 2, @entity1 with RAS testing treated with Cmab and FOLFIRI; group 3, @entity1 with @entity984 testing treated with bevacizumab(Bmab) and FOLFIRI; group 4, @entity1 with RAS testing treated with Bmab and FOLFIRI. A Markov model comprising 3 health states (progression-free survival, progressive disease and @entity204 ) was built. The costs were calculated from a Chinese payer perspective, and survival was reported in quality-adjusted life-months (QALMs). Average total lifetime costs ranged from  104,682.44 (RAS-Bmab) to  136,867.44 (RAS-Cmab), while the survival gained varied from 16.88 QALMs in RAS-Bmab to 21.85 QALMs in RAS-Cmab. The cost per QALM was  6,263.86 for RAS-Cmab,  6,145.84 for @entity984 -Bmab,  6,201.57 for RAS-Bmab and  6,960.70 for @entity984 -Cmab respectively. The @entity984 -Cmab strategy was dominated by the other 3 groups. The first-treatment cost of RAS-Cmab was the most influential one to the model. In all, the RAS screening prior to Cmab treatment in mCRC seems to be a cost-effective strategy in the time of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) therapy with the most gained QALMs.

title: Cost-effectiveness of RAS screening before monoclonal antibodies therapy in metastatic XXXX based on FIRE3 Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: Mechanisms underlying the relationship between exercise and mood are not well understood. This study sought to investigate the role of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and autonomic balance in determining the impact of exercise withdrawal on negative mood. Healthy @entity1 and @entity1 who regularly exercised (N  =  26, mean age  =  25.5 years, SD  =  4.5 years) were randomised to exercise withdrawal or exercise maintenance for 2 weeks. Protocol adherence was monitored using accelerometers. Inflammatory markers from plasma ( @entity650 , @entity650 ; @entity5 @entity39 factor-alpha; @entity688 ; and @entity1193 ), heart-rate variability (HRV) and measures of mood (General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ) and the Profile of Mood States (POMS)) were assessed at study entry and at 2-week follow-up. Exercise withdrawal resulted in significant increases in negative mood over time on both the GHQ (p  =  0.028) and the POMS (p  =  0.005). Following the intervention, @entity650 concentration was lower in the exercise withdrawal than exercise maintenance condition (p  =  0.05). No intervention effects were observed for other cytokines or HRV. The mood changes were significantly related to changes in @entity650 concentration (b  =  -  0.50, p  =  0.011), indicating that reduction in @entity650 was related to increased negative mood. Our results are consistent with positive effects of exercise on mental health, but further research on inflammatory pathways is warranted.

title: The effects of exercise withdrawal on mood and inflammatory cytokine responses in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1193 :: ('3557', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-1 receptor antagonist']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: @entity528 is a salient feature of @entity1579 ; however, its causes and mechanisms are unclear The possibility that it could occur through an apoptotic process has been postulated and is consistent with the lack of @entity32 in prion disorders as supported by experimental studies. In order to test this hypothesis in @entity1 , we examined samples of frontal and temporal cerebral cortex, striatum, thalamus, and cerebellum from 16 @entity1 who died from @entity3605 . They included 5 sporadic cases, 5 familial, 3 iatrogenic, and 3 cases with the new variant. These were compared with age and sex matched controls. Using in situ end labelling, we identified apoptotic neurons in all the cases of @entity3605 . A single labelled neuron was found in the eldest control. Apoptotic neurons were mostly found in damaged regions and their presence and abundance seemed to correlate closely with @entity528 . This supports the view that apoptosis of neurons is a feature of @entity1579 and may contribute to the @entity528 which is one of the main characteristics of these conditions. Neuronal apoptosis also correlated well with microglial activation, as demonstrated by the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II antigens, and @entity21 , as identified by beta-amyloid protein precursor immunostaining. In contrast, we found no obvious relationship between the topography and severity of neuronal apoptosis and the type, topography, and abundance of @entity3669 deposits as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry.

title: Neuronal apoptosis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3605 :: ('MESH:D007562', 'Disease') :: ['Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease']

entities_list: @entity1579 :: ('MESH:D017096', 'Disease') :: ['prion diseases']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['axonal damage']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal loss', 'Neuronal loss']

answer: @entity3605 :: (MESH:D007562,Disease) :: ['Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease']


abstract: In this investigation, clastogenic effects of Thymus kotschyanus var. glabrescens Boiss. extract (TE) and anticlastogenic effects of this extract against @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) induced @entity16 have been evaluated in @entity1 peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. Two series of experiments were conducted. In the first, only 10(-5), 10(-4), 10(-3) and 10(-2) mul ml(-1) concentrations of TE were used for 48 h to detect potential clastogenicity. In the second, @entity1139 (0.38 mug ml(-1)) plus 10(-5), 10(-4), 10(-3) and 10(-2) mul ml(-1) concentrations of TE were used for 48 h to determine anticlastogenic effects. TE did not increase sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) (except 10(-2) mul ml concentration) and @entity2008 ( @entity2008 ) significantly compared with negative and solvent controls. However, it decreased the frequency of @entity1139 induced @entity2008 . Decreasing was significant at 10(-4), 10(-3) and 10(-2) mul ml(-1) concentrations. On the other hand, TE significantly increased @entity1139 -induced SCEs for all treatment groups compared with positive control.

title: Effects of Thymus kotschyanus var. glabrescens Boiss. extract on XXXX -C induced @entity2008 and sister chromatid exchanges in @entity1 lymphocytes.

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['Mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['chromosome damage']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosome aberrations', 'CAs']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['mitomycin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity712 is an important cause of @entity204 in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ). Evidence suggests that immune mechanisms contribute to @entity296 and @entity82 , leading to @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ). The purpose of this study was to identify a signature of @entity1002 in @entity1 with @entity309 by analyzing the responsiveness of the innate and adaptive immune systems to stimulation ex vivo. METHODS: @entity309 @entity1 (n=212) enrolled prospectively in a population-based cohort underwent echocardiography, and LV function was classified as normal, mild @entity1002 , or moderate-to-severe @entity1002 . The release of 17 cytokines by blood mononuclear cells in response to stimulation with a panel of 7 stimuli or in media alone was analyzed using multiplex immunoassays. @entity2357 models were used to test for associations between a multicytokine immune response score and @entity1002 , after adjusting for clinical covariates. RESULTS: An 11-cytokine profile effectively differentiated @entity1 with moderate-to-severe @entity1002 from those with normal LV function. An immune response score (range 0-100) was strongly associated with moderate-to-severe @entity1002 (odds ratio per 10 units 1.5 [95% confidence interval 1.2-2.1]) after adjusting for serum @entity650 levels, brain natriuretic peptide values, and glucocorticoid use, as well as other @entity309 characteristics and @entity1002 risk factors. CONCLUSION: The major finding of this study was that aberrant systemic immune responsiveness is associated with advanced @entity296 in @entity1 with @entity309 . The unique information added by the immune response score concerning the likelihood of @entity1002 warrants future longitudinal studies of its value in predicting @entity5122 in myocardial function.

title: A signature of aberrant immune responsiveness identifies @entity296 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury', 'myocardial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Heart failure']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity5122 :: ('MESH:C565430', 'Disease') :: ['future deterioration']

entities_list: @entity2357 :: ('MESH:C537770', 'Disease') :: ['Logistic regression']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LVDD', 'left ventricular diastolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: The aim of the study is to compare results of three association (case-control) studies in three @entity74 ( @entity101 , @entity66 and @entity1569 ) with two polymorphisms of @entity2178 gene ( @entity7742 and A(-6)G). The diseases were chosen for their multigenic base and different immunological characteristic ( @entity1198 , Th2 and Thps) and @entity2178 gene for its pleiotropic functional effects in general adaptive reactions. In all (control as well as case) groups, tight linkage disequilibrium between the polymorphisms was found. The strength of linkage (%) differed among the group. The direction of the linkage is identical in all groups (T is combined with A, M is combined with G). In @entity101 -normotensive study, only Hardy-Weinberg disequilibria were found, especially in @entity1 . No case-control differences were found for either single alleles or for allelic concurrence of both polymorphisms. In atopy-control study, marginal case-control differences in single allele distribution of both polymorphisms were found, but only in @entity1 . In @entity1569 -control study, the only significant case-control difference was found,when genotypes MTAA and MTGG were present in 2/136 psoriatic @entity1 vs. 20/142 control subjects (OR 0.1, 95% confidence interval 0.02-0.42, P=0.00015). The frequent polymorphisms in pleiotropic genes can form different formulae of genotype distribution in different multigenic diseases according to their contribution to the onset and/or progression of the disease in some evolutionary consequences.

title: Polymorphisms in XXXX gene ( @entity7742 and G(-6)A) in @entity66 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['essential hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['atopic diseases']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensinogen']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['multifactorial disorders']

answer: @entity2178 :: (183,Gene) :: ['angiotensinogen']


abstract: The extraction of circulating antiglomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies by plasmapheresis (PP) has allowed the prognosis of @entity7860 to markedly improve. Immunoabsorption (IA) may improve the results of PP upon allowing more effective immunoglobulin extraction. Two @entity1 with @entity7860 were treated with IA. A rapid decrease was observed in the serum levels of anti GBM antibodies and improvement in @entity1576 . In one of the @entity1 this regimen was administered following the observation of a lack of clinical response of @entity548 in three PP sessions (9 liters of treated plasma). In this @entity1 , the IA processed 39 liters of plasma and the method was found to be equally effective on reinstatement (29 liters) on the occasion of a relapse in the pulmonary symptoms presented at three weeks after the first treatment. Both cases showed @entity8 . In one case this was incipient and the treatment was associated with non progression of the @entity8 , normalization of the urine sediment and preservation of renal function. In the second case treatment was initiated at an advanced disease state with no changes in dialysis needs. Immunoadsorption has shown to be effective in the treatment of @entity548 in @entity7860 . Onset of treatment at an early stage of the @entity8 may avoid progression to @entity177 .

title: [Therapeutic immunoadsorption in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal involvement', 'kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity7860 :: ('MESH:D019867', 'Disease') :: ['Goodpasture disease', "Goodpasture's disease"]

answer: @entity7860 :: (MESH:D019867,Disease) :: ['Goodpasture disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: Antithyroid drug treatment (ATDT) effectively achieves @entity3214 in @entity1 with @entity2743 ( @entity2743 ). However, apparently successful treatment may be followed by relapse. We investigated the outcome of ATDT in Chinese @entity1 with @entity2743 to identify predictive features of relapse. METHODS: In total, 133  @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity5651 were included in this analysis. All @entity1 received @entity3937 for 12 to 40months and were subsequently followed up for at least 1year. Lasting remission was defined as the presence of clinical and laboratory features of @entity3214 for>= 1year after stopping @entity3937 . RESULTS: Most @entity1 (118 of 133, 88.7%) remained in remission after the follow-up period; 15  @entity1 (11.3%) developed relapse. A history of @entity2743 , larger @entity5651 at the time of drug withdrawal, a positive thyroid-stimulating antibody titer and restauration of low thyroid-stimulating hormone levels during the maintenance period were related to a subsequent risk of relapse according to stepwise logistic regression analysis results. However, other clinical and biological features (age, sex, initial @entity5651 , @entity6875 , @entity1955 and @entity1954 levels and thyroglobulin antibody and thyroid microsomal antibody titers) did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Regular, individualized ATDT achieved an 88.7% remission rate in Chinese @entity1 with @entity2743 . The features associated with probable relapse were a history of @entity2743 , larger @entity5651 at the time of drug withdrawal, a positive thyroid-stimulating antibody titer at the time of drug withdrawal and redevelopment of low thyroid-stimulating hormone levels during the maintenance period.

title: Valuable predictive features of relapse of XXXX after antithyroid drug treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3937 :: ('MESH:D008713', 'Chemical') :: ['methimazole']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease", 'GD']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity3214 :: ('MESH:D005067', 'Disease') :: ['euthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity6875 :: ('MESH:D049970', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmopathy']

entities_list: @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['triiodothyronine']

answer: @entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['Graves' disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The platinum-containing combination chemotherapy has been proved to be benefit to the @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 . Compared with cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy regimens, carboplatin-based regimens result in longer survival time and less @entity137 , despite of lower response rate. In the palliative treatment setting, less @entity137 and longer survival may be more significant than response rate. So we choose the carboplatin-based combination chemotherapy regimens as our study objects. To compare the efficacy and @entity137 of two carboplatin-based combination chemotherapy regimens: paclitaxel and carboplatin regimen(PC) vs ifosfamide, etoposide, and carboplatin regimen(IEC). METHODS: Sixty-eight @entity1 were enrolled in this study, 35 @entity1 received PC regimen and 33 received IEC regimen. @entity1 in both groups were well-matched with baseline disease characteristics(P > 0.05). RESULTS: In PC group, the response rate was 40.0% (14/35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 23.8%-56.2%) (14 PR, 19 NC, 2 @entity1726 ). Whereas in group IEC, the response rate was 21.2% (7/33, 95% CI: 7.3%-35.1%) (7 PR, 24 NC, 2 @entity1726 ). The median survival and 1-year survival rate were 9.1 months (95% CI: 7.2-11.0 months) and 25.7% (95% CI: 11.2%-40.2%) for group PC versus 7.8 months (95% CI: 6.2-9.4 months) and 20.0% (95% CI: 6.0%-34.0%) for group IEC. The better response rate, 1-year survival rate, and the longer median survival seen in the group PC were not statistically significant (for response rate, P = 0.094, Chi-square test; for overall survival, P = 0.684, Log-rank test). The hematologic @entity137 , especially @entity1431 (P < 0.0005, Wilcoxon rank sum test) and @entity417 (P = 0.006, Wilcoxon rank sum test) were less pronounced in group PC; @entity811 and fever were pronounced more in group IEC, whereas @entity56 was more in group PC, but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups(P > 0.05, Wilcoxon rank sum test); Other @entity137 were similar. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with IEC regimen, PC regimen result in less hematologic @entity137 in the @entity1 with advanced NSCLC, Although whether its efficacy was better should be confirmed by well-controlled randomized clinical trials with more @entity1 .

title: [Comparison of paclitaxel and carboplatin versus ifosfamide, etoposide, and carboplatin regimen for treatment of @entity1 with advanced XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reaction']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['Hematuria']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe @entity1408 ( @entity1408 ) is common, often causing physiologic impairment. Inconsistent results have been reported using a variety of open surgical techniques with extensive subperiosteal costal cartilage resection. METHODS: Since 1969, 912 (80% @entity1 ) symptomatic @entity1408 @entity1 (mean severity index 4.9) underwent open surgical correction at UCLA Medical Center by one surgeon. Almost all @entity1 had @entity1353 , reduced endurance, @entity7405 , and @entity591 with exertion. The mean age at operation was 19.8 years. @entity308 was present in 465 (51%) @entity1 ; combined @entity1408 and pectus carinatum was present in 33 @entity1 . Recurrent @entity1408 were repaired on 73 @entity1 . Progressively less deformed costal cartilage was resected during the 38-year period; almost all of the last 303 @entity1 had only short segments excised from both ends with suture reattachment. Transverse wedge sternal osteotomy was used on all @entity1 , and 883 (97%) had a sternal support strut for 6 to 9 months. RESULTS: @entity1353 , endurance, @entity7405 , and @entity591 was improved in almost all @entity1 within 5 months after repair. Repair for recurrent deformities and resection of mild localized cartilage protrusion was reduced more than threefold when minimal cartilage resection with wire reattachment was used. @entity260 in the last 537 @entity1 were less frequent, @entity158 was less severe, and results were better than when more extensive previous repairs were used (mean follow-up 7.6 years). Very good or excellent results were reported by 94.2% of all @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In this largest series of open @entity1408 repair, progressively less extensive operative techniques have resulted in low morbidity, mild @entity158 , short hospitalization, and very good physiologic and cosmetic results.

title: 912 open XXXX repairs: changing trends, lessons learned: one surgeon's experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Asymmetric depression']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['Dyspnea', 'dyspnea']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity7405 :: ('MESH:D059246', 'Disease') :: ['tachypnea']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1408 :: ('MESH:D005660', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pectus excavatum', 'PE deformities']

answer: @entity1408 :: (MESH:D005660,Disease) :: ['pectus excavatum']


abstract: Burning incense to worship Gods and ancestors is a traditional practice prevalent in Asian societies. This work investigated indoor PM10 concentrations resulting from incense burning in household environments under two conditions: closed and ventilated. The exposure concentrations of particle-bound @entity2555 ( @entity2556 ) were estimated. The factors of potential exposure were also evaluated. Under both conditions, samples were taken at three locations: 0.3, 3.5 and 7 m away from the altar during three periods: incense burning, the first 3 h, and the 4-6 h after cessation of combustion. @entity2556 concentrations of incense smoke were assessed in the laboratory. Personal environment monitors were used as sampling instruments. The results showed a significant contribution of incense burning to indoor PM10 and particulate @entity2556 concentrations. PM10 concentrations near the altar during incense burning were 723 and 178 microg/m3, more than nine and 1.6 times background levels, under closed and ventilated conditions, respectively. Exposure concentrations of particle-bound @entity2556 were 0.088-0.45 microg/m3 during incense burning. On average, PM10 and associated @entity2556 concentrations were about 371 and 0.23 microg/m3 lower, respectively, in ventilated environments compared with closed conditions. Concentrations were elevated for at least 6 h under closed conditions.

title: Contribution of incense burning to indoor PM10 and particle-bound XXXX under two ventilation conditions.

entities_list: @entity2555 :: ('MESH:D011084', 'Chemical') :: ['polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons']

answer: @entity2555 :: (MESH:D011084,Chemical) :: ['polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Stigma may negatively impact individuals with @entity717 ( @entity717 ). However, most studies in the field have been based on the use of direct measurement methods for assessing stigma. This study examined public stigma towards individuals with @entity717 within a representative sample of the Israeli public by comparing direct versus indirect questioning. METHODS: Vignette methodology was utilised with two questionnaire versions. In the direct questionnaire (n   =   306), the @entity1 were asked how they would think, feel and behave if a @entity1 with @entity717 asked them a question in a public place. In the indirect questionnaire (n   =   301), the @entity1 were asked to report how a hypothetical 'other @entity1 ' would think, feel and behave in the same situation. RESULTS: Higher levels of stigma were reported among @entity1 that answered the indirect questionnaire version. Furthermore, among those @entity1 that answered the indirect questionnaire version, subjective knowledge of @entity717 was a less important correlate of stigma than for those @entity1 that answered the direct questionnaire. CONCLUSION: Several explanations are suggested for the finding that indirect questioning elicits more negative stigmatic attitudes. Among others, indirect questioning may be a more appropriate methodology for eliciting immediate beliefs. Furthermore, the results call for implementing a comprehensive, multi-level programme to change stigma.

title: Public stigma in XXXX : do direct versus indirect questions make a difference?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'man']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['intellectual disabilities', 'ID']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['intellectual disability']


abstract: GOAL: We aimed to summarize pooled rebleeding rates of angioectasia after therapeutic endoscopy, and compare these to historical control (no intervention) rates. BACKGROUND: Obscure @entity360 continues to be challenging to diagnose and treat; in America, @entity29 are the most common cause. Technology advances led to higher diagnostic yield for these lesions; however, therapeutic impact of endoscopy remains unclear. STUDY: A PubMed search (June 1, 2006 to September 19, 2013) with 2 independent reviews sought articles reporting rebleeding rates of symptomatic angioectasia without therapy (natural history) and after endoscopic treatment. This study list was added to studies in the 2007 American Gastroenterological Association systematic review. Data on number of @entity1 who underwent endoscopic therapy, type of therapy used, number of @entity1 who experienced rebleeding, and follow-up time were extracted. Rebleeding data were pooled and weighted averages were reported with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Twenty-four articles (n=490 @entity1 ) with data on endoscopic therapy for angioectasia and 6 natural history cohorts (n=130) receiving no therapy for angioectasia were eligible. Of the endoscopic therapy @entity1 , 121 at push enteroscopy and 427 at balloon-assisted enteroscopy; 209/490 (42.7%; 95% CI, 38%-47%) rebled. Of the control (no therapy) @entity1 , 64/130 (49.2%; 95% CI, 40%-58%) rebled. Number needed to treat is estimated at 15 to 16. CONCLUSIONS: Rebleeding rate after endoscopic therapy for symptomatic @entity29 may be comparable to that expected without therapy. Endoscopic therapy may be ineffective; if effective, the needed to treat is estimated to be high. Controlled studies, with intervention-stratified and etiology-stratified outcomes are needed.

title: Is Endoscopic Therapy Effective for Angioectasia in Obscure XXXX ?: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel angioectasia', 'small bowel angioectasias']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['Gastrointestinal Bleeding']


abstract: The prognostic value of left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) measured during maximal exercise testing early after @entity583 ( @entity583 ) was assessed in 75 @entity1 , aged 65 years or younger, a mean of 36 days after @entity583 . At follow-up for a mean 12 months (range 6 to 26), medical complications developed in 15 @entity1 : @entity204 in 5, @entity2224 in 1, reinfarction in 2, @entity1459 in 5, and severe @entity712 in 2. Seven other @entity1 underwent coronary artery bypass grafting for severe @entity951 . When LVEF less than 50% at rest was compared with LVEF of 50% or more, the 2-year life-table survival free of complications was 54 +/- 21% compared with 84 +/- 19% (p less than 0.05). When exercise LVEF less than 50% was compared with LVEF of 50% or more, the 2-year survival rate free of medical complication was 42 +/- 32% compared with 83 +/- 20% (p less than 0.05). LVEF change from rest to exercise was not related to prognosis. @entity1 with combined medical and surgical events tended to have lower rest and exercise LVEFs, but changes in LVEF during exercise were again unrelated to prognosis. Sixty-five @entity1 underwent coronary arteriography. After inferior @entity583 the mean LVEF was lower in those with multivessel than in those with 1-vessel @entity453 at rest (47 +/- 13% vs 59 +/- 7%, p less than 0.005) and during exercise (47 +/- 13% vs 59 +/- 9%, p less than 0.005); however, the change in LVEF during exercise was not related to coronary anatomy anatomy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Usefulness of ejection fraction response to exercise one month after XXXX in predicting coronary anatomy and prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac failure']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: The effects of transfer of @entity5041 ( @entity5041 )-expanded spleen cells after concanavalin A (Con A) stimulation into syngeneic Lewis @entity35 were studied. The recipient @entity35 were immunized with complete Freund's adjuvant for induction of @entity1753 ( @entity1753 ) or @entity1573 type II collagen in incomplete Freund's adjuvant for induction of @entity1753 ( @entity1753 ) on day 0. Each of 5 X 10(7) cultured cells without mitogenic stimulation, 2 X 10(7) Con A-stimulated cells, or 1 X 10(7) @entity5041 -expanded cells cultured for 8 days (4 days X 2 culture cycles) after Con A stimulation was given on days 0 and 7. Both transfers of the cultured cells without stimulation and @entity5041 -expanded cells markedly diminished the severity of @entity1753 and @entity1753 . On the contrary, transfer of Con A-stimulated cells led to no suppressive activity. In addition, transfer to @entity5041 -expanded cells significantly lowered the titre of anti-type II collagen antibody compared to that of control @entity35 . The transfer of 1 X 10(7) @entity5041 -expanded cells was optimal for suppressing @entity1753 , in terms of cell number. This observation suggests that these cells were much more effective than were the unstimulated cultured cells, for which more than five times the number was required for the same suppressive activity. As far as the phenotypic proportion of helper (W3/13) and suppressor (OX-8) cells is concerned, we found no significant differences between the cultured cell groups and the freshly separated spleen cell group. The precise mechanism of these suppressive effects is the subject of further study. The transfer of @entity5041 -expanded cells appears to have a potent immunomodulatory effect.

title: Transfer of spleen cells expanded by @entity5041 suppresses arthritis induced in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1753 :: ('MESH:D001169', 'Disease') :: ['collagen-induced arthritis', 'CIA', 'AA', 'adjuvant arthritis']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: The aim of the study was to establish the benefit of an additional hypothetical laboratory criterion for @entity309 ( @entity309 ), comprising positivity for antikeratin antibody (AKA) and/or antiperinuclear factor (APF). The tests were applied to a series of 308 hospital @entity1 with various recent-onset @entity32 who were followed for 3 years. The performance of APF and AKA was compared with rheumatoid factor (RF). The most sensitive (.72) but the least specific (.86) test for @entity309 was the latex test. The most specific (.96) but the least sensitive (.33) test was AKA. Waaler-Rose and APF were intermediate. AKA and/or APF positive @entity1 had significantly more @entity2681 than @entity1 negative for these autoantibodies. Despite the impressive performance characteristics of APF and AKA, the actual classification impact achieved, as compared to using RF as the sole laboratory criterion, turned out to be moderate. This is because the criteria proved to be interrelated. Unlike RF, AKA and APF are not suited to the general laboratory, at least not in their present form. Moreover they so far lack the broad data base of RF.

title: Prospect for an additional laboratory criterion for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory joint diseases']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: Nine rowers (six @entity1 of the regional and three @entity1 of the national top class) participated in the study. During 7 consecutive weeks of the competition period serum @entity251 (T), @entity443 , @entity701 (C) and @entity1133 were determined at the same time every morning under fasting conditions. From the concentrations of T and @entity443 the free @entity251 fraction (T/ @entity443 ) was calculated, and from the concentrations of T and C the ratio of T/C was derived. The object of the investigation was to gather information on a potentially altered anabolic-catabolic hormone relationship dependent upon the intensity of the individual training periods. All rowers showed a continuous decrease in T, T/ @entity443 and T/C during the observation period. A week of regenerative training halted the decrease. In two of the oarsmen who discontinued their training after 2 and 3 weeks respectively, T, T/ @entity443 and T/C showed a normalization in the following weeks. In all subjects the concentrations of @entity1133 increased during the first 2 weeks and decreased during the subsequent weeks of intense training and competition. The findings suggest an increase in catabolic activity in periods of intensive physical strain, including competitions. Regenerative phases of training seem to reduce the anabolic-catabolic imbalance.

title: A 7-week follow-up study of the behaviour of XXXX and @entity701 during the competition period in rowers.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

answer: @entity251 :: (MESH:D013739,Chemical) :: ['testosterone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity174 , one of the most common @entity174 seen in the pediatric population, are regularly treated by closed reduction and casting. Our study investigates the effectiveness of Gore-Tex-lined casting in maintaining the reduction of 100% displaced @entity174 compared with traditional @entity2708 -lined casts. METHODS: We screened all @entity1 from February 2007 to July 2009 who presented to @entity1 's Hospital in Birmingham, @entity1582 with a @entity174 . Only @entity1 with 100% displaced @entity174 were eligible to be assigned to either the @entity2708 -lined or Gore-Tex-lined cast groups. Power analysis was performed to identify an adequate @entity1 sample size. The mean maximum change between initial post-reduction x-rays and follow-up x-rays for anterior-posterior (AP) angulation, AP displacement, lateral angulation, and lateral displacement of the radius were calculated for both @entity2708 and Gore-Tex groups. The rate of subsequent intervention and/or unacceptable results for each group was also analyzed. RESULTS: Seven hundred and twenty-two @entity1 were treated with @entity174 at our hospital with 59 @entity1 eligible for inclusion in our study. Thirty-six of our @entity1 were treated with @entity2708 -lined casts, and 23 @entity1 were treated with Gore-Tex-lined cast. The mean maximum change in AP angulation, AP displacement, lateral angulation, and lateral displacement of the radius after initial reduction was 9.2 degrees, 6.9%, 13.9 degrees, and 13.6%, respectively, for the @entity2708 -lined cast group and 7.7 degrees, 6.1%, 14.6 degrees, and 9.6%, respectively, for the Gore-Tex-lined cast group. There were no statistical differences between the means of the 4 measurements (P=0.33, 0.69, 0.73, and 0.10, respectively). There were also no significant differences between groups for final AP and lateral angulation and displacement. Subgroup analysis showed no significant differences in all measurements between @entity2708 and Gore-Tex groups. CONCLUSION: Gore-Tex and @entity2708 -lined casts are equally effective in their ability to maintain the reduction of 100% displaced @entity174 . Thus, Gore-Tex-lined casts can be offered to pediatric @entity1 immediately after closed reduction of @entity174 of any severity. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic level II.

title: A prospective study on the effectiveness of @entity2708 versus waterproof cast padding in maintaining the reduction of pediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'distal radius fracture', 'distal forearm fractures', 'distal radius fractures', 'Distal forearm fractures']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['distal forearm fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity161 ( @entity161 ) and @entity162 ( @entity162 ) share many overlapping clinical features, confounding the current diagnostic systems. Recent studies suggest the posterior cingulate ( @entity11304 ) and medial prefrontal (MPFC) cortices that are involved in @entity161 and @entity162 pathophysiology. However, the roles of @entity11304 and MPFC in providing specific distinctive and shared neural substrates between these two disorders remain largely unknown. Examining the neurophysiologic mechanism of these diseases may help explain the clinical observations and differentiate the two disorders. METHODS: We used the Dynamic Casual Modeling (DCM), which is capable of eliciting hidden neuronal dynamics and reveal cross-regulation of multiple neuronal systems, to characterize the pattern of disrupted effective connectivity in the left @entity11304 -MPFC circuit during working memory tasks in 36 @entity161 and 20 @entity162 @entity1 as well as 29 healthy controls. RESULTS: Compared to the healthy controls, both @entity161 and @entity162 @entity1 groups exhibited significant negative effective connectivity from the left MPFC to @entity11304 . The negative effective connectivity was more remarkable in @entity161 @entity1 . Only @entity1 with @entity162 differed from healthy controls with positive effective connectivity from the left @entity11304 to MPFC. CONCLUSIONS: Whole brain analysis revealed deactivation of the left @entity11304 and MPFC across all @entity1 groups. This study provides new insight that changes in effective connectivity of the left MPFC to left @entity11304 circuit during working memory processing may be a core pathophysiological feature distinguishing @entity161 from @entity162 .

title: Effective connectivity of the posterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortices relates to working memory impairment in XXXX and @entity162 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['BD', 'bipolar I disorder']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic', 'SZ', 'Schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenic']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: It was the aim of this study to investigate the expression of topoisomerase IIalpha (topo IIalpha), Ki-67, @entity1364 ( @entity1364 ), @entity876 , and argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) staining in @entity6068 ( @entity6068 , N = 10), @entity6068 ( @entity6068 , N = 24), @entity5436 ( @entity5436 , N = 26), as well as @entity957 ( @entity957 , N = 22) of the vulva. METHODS: Formalin-fixed, @entity982 -embedded archival tissue sections were immunostained with monoclonal antibodies against topo IIalpha, @entity876 , and @entity1364 , as well as an affinity-isolated prediluted ready-to-use Ki-67 antibody using a standard immunohistochemical method, and stained with a colloid @entity575 solution for AgNORs. Immunostaining was quantitated by determining the percentage of positively staining nuclei in each sample to express the labeling indices (LIs) by counting the immunoreactive nuclei in 1000 epithelial cells per case for each antibody. In each specimen 200 nuclei were examined using a x100 oil emersion lens, and the mean number of AgNORs per nucleus (AC) was calculated. RESULTS: The LIs for topo IIalpha, Ki-67, and @entity1364 as well as ACs increased stepwise from @entity6068 to VCs, @entity6068 , and SCCs. In contrast to @entity1364 LIs and ACs, a consistent correlation in all four groups was found for Ki-67 and topo IIalpha, suggesting that the latter is a proliferation-associated marker in these tissues. @entity876 expression was seen 8.3% of VCs, 30.8% of @entity6068 , and 54.45% of SCCs. @entity876 LIs were not correlated with LIs for topo IIalpha or Ki-67 in SCCs. The LIs for topo IIalpha, Ki-67, @entity1364 , @entity876 , and ACs were not related to @entity5 progression, FIGO stage, or @entity5 grade in SCCs. CONCLUSIONS: This study presents topo IIalpha and Ki-67 as useful proliferation-associated markers of @entity6068 .

title: Expression of topoisomerase IIalpha, Ki-67, @entity1364 , XXXX , and argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions in vulvar squamous lesions.

entities_list: @entity1364 :: ('5111', 'Gene') :: ['proliferating cell nuclear antigen', 'PCNA']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['SCC', 'squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity6068 :: ('MESH:D014845', 'Disease') :: ['vulvar condylomas', 'NE', 'vulvar epithelia', 'VC', 'normal vulvar epithelia', 'VIN lesions']

entities_list: @entity5436 :: ('MESH:D019048', 'Disease') :: ['VIN', 'vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: One hundred seven @entity1 who recently had acute @entity583 were randomly assigned either to standard heparin therapy or to intravenous streptokinase within 5 hours after the onset of symptoms in 7 hospitals without catheterization facilities. In the third week, the @entity1 were referred to a university hospital, where the patency rate of the @entity1188 was studied by selective coronary arteriography and left ventricular function by radionuclide angiography. Fifty-five @entity1 received heparin and 52 streptokinase within a mean period of 190 minutes after the onset of symptoms. Seven @entity1 in the heparin group and 4 in the streptokinase group died in hospital. The patency rate of the @entity1188 was identical in both groups (69% in the heparin group vs 68% in the streptokinase group). Left ventricular ejection fraction was not statistically different (0.44 +/- 0.13 in the heparin group vs 0.45 +/- 0.12 in the streptokinase group). Left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher in @entity1 with a patent @entity1188 than in @entity1 with an obstructed @entity1188 (0.49 +/- 0.12 vs 0.41 +/- 0.15, p less than 0.01). In @entity1 with inferior wall @entity1188 , left ventricular ejection fraction was identical (0.50 +/- 0.10 in the heparin group vs 0.52 +/- 0.09, in the streptokinase group). In @entity1 with anterior wall @entity1188 , left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher in the streptokinase group than in heparin group (0.40 +/- 0.10 vs 0.33 +/- 0.09, p less than 0.05). Analysis of regional wall motion revealed that improvement occurred in the lateral wall of the left ventricle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of early high-dose streptokinase intravenously on left ventricular function in acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-related artery', 'infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity174 are usually the result of high-energy @entity130 , and @entity250 after a @entity174 is an often complication. Though organic pathologies can be the reason for @entity250 , @entity4059 following a @entity130 may also be linked to sexual problems. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of @entity250 , and help these @entity1 with their usually undisclosed sexual problems, and offer them support. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During a 4-year period, between June 2008 and May 2012, 40 male @entity1 (out of 57) with a mean age of 42.6  years (range 18-65  years) were evaluated retrospectively. @entity1 having organic pathologies (vascular, neural, and urogenital system pathologies) were excluded from the study. @entity1 were requested to complete the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX), which is a 5-item self-evaluation scale. According to the results of the questionnaire, @entity1 needing supportive treatment were referred to the psychiatry department. RESULTS: Twenty-two @entity1 (55  %) scored 10 points or less in the ASEX questionnaire (normal). Eighteen @entity1 (45  %) had 11 points or more (can be problematic). Four of these 18 @entity1 had a score of 19 points or more (needing psychiatric evaluation). @entity1 with a score of >= 19 points, for any one item with a score of 5 or 6 points, or any three or more items with a score of 4 points were considered to have a high probability of @entity250 after psychiatric evaluation. CONCLUSION: The frequency of @entity250 in pelvic @entity174 @entity1 was tested, and the need for investigating @entity250 is stressed. This study attracts attention to @entity250 and the necessity of referring these @entity1 to the related clinics, for treatment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Retrospective case series.

title: XXXX of male, after @entity174 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic fracture', 'fractured', 'Pelvic fractures']

entities_list: @entity4059 :: ('MESH:D007020', 'Disease') :: ['psychological factors']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction', 'sexual disorders', 'sexual dysfunction after pelvic fractures']

answer: @entity250 :: (MESH:D012735,Disease) :: ['Sexual dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted in order to investigate the effects of @entity5536 -induced @entity740 ( @entity740 ) on renal blood flow and biochemical changes in @entity35 , and to assess the effect of treatment with gum acacia (GA) thereon. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity740 was induced by feeding @entity35 with @entity5536 (0.25% w/w, five weeks). Concomitantly, some of these @entity35 were also given gum acacia (GA) (15% w/v in the drinking water).   Before animals were sacrificed, changes in renal blood flow (RBF) were monitored in anaesthetized @entity35 preparations. Several biochemical and histological renal function tests were also conducted. RESULTS: @entity5536 -induced @entity740 significantly impaired the vasopressor actions of @entity934 , @entity1854 and @entity2647 and concomitant treatment with GA abated these responses. Additionally,   plasma concentrations of @entity1133 , @entity1011 , @entity414 , @entity6634 , @entity3542 and @entity1507 and urinary excretion of protein were all significantly increased by @entity5536 . GA significantly mitigated the severity of @entity5536 - induced changes. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5536 -induced @entity740 in @entity35 significantly @entity8 responses to @entity934 , @entity1854 and @entity2647 and this was mitigated by treatment with GA. This provides another experimental evidence for the usefulness of GA in the amelioration of @entity740 .

title: Influence of treatment with gum acacia on renal vascular responses in a XXXX model of @entity740 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['impaired renal vascular']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium nitroprusside']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity5536 :: ('MESH:D000225', 'Chemical') :: ['Adenine', 'adenine']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

entities_list: @entity6634 :: ('MESH:D007200', 'Chemical') :: ['indoxyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Subjective health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was investigated in 100 @entity1 with disturbed sleep (39 @entity1 aged 52 +/- 13 years and 61 @entity1 aged 53 +/- 10 years) referred to the sleep laboratory and compared with HRQoL in 100 normal healthy adults. Measurements included the Quality of Life Index (QLI) (Mezzich and Cohen), and objective (polysomnographic) and subjective (psychometric) quality of sleep and awakening. Statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney U-test) showed HRQoL to be significantly reduced in @entity25 ( @entity25 ), with a more pronounced reduction in nonorganic than in organic @entity25 . @entity1 with @entity2147 were more disturbed than those with @entity22 . Within organic @entity25 , @entity1 with @entity386 were more disturbed than those with obstructive snoring. Out of ten elementary HRQoL components, seven were disturbed in @entity25 : physical well-being, psychological well-being, self-care and independent functioning, occupational functioning, interpersonal functioning, personal fulfillment, and overall quality of life. No differences between @entity1 and normal healthy subjects where found in the components social support, community and services support or spiritual fulfillment. @entity1 suffering from nonorganic @entity25 had significantly worse scores in physical and psychological well-being and overall quality of life than those with organic @entity25 . @entity1 with both @entity25 and additional diagnoses of @entity1316 had more profoundly reduced HRQoL than those with @entity148 . Follow-up of 51 @entity1 (31 with nonorganic @entity25 and 20 with organic @entity25 ) one year after sleep laboratory investigation and subsequent treatment found significantly improved HRQoL compared with pre-treatment. Moreover, @entity1 diagnosed and treated in the sleep laboratory showed lower re-hospitalization @entity35 .

title: Quality of life in nonorganic and XXXX : I. Comparison with normative data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2147 :: ('MESH:D006970', 'Disease') :: ['nonorganic hypersomnia']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['nonorganic insomnia']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['affective disorders']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorders']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorders', 'SDs']

answer: @entity25 :: (MESH:D012893,Disease) :: ['organic sleep disorders']


abstract: Swiss Webster @entity19 were treated to determine whether the inhalational anesthetic, @entity3810 ( @entity3727 ), causes @entity137 and enhances anesthetic defluorination. Two-hundred and sixteen young adult male and female @entity19 were exposed to room air or to 5,000 (.5%), 50,000 (5%) or 500,000 (50%) @entity3727 for four hours per day, five days per week for periods up to fourteen weeks. Body weight was measured twice weekly throughout the experiment. Liver, kidney, spleen and testis were weighed and examined histologically along with brain, stomach, seminal vesicle, and ovary for evidence of @entity99 . Blood smears were examined microscopically and complete blood count, differential white cell count, and reticulocyte and platelet counts were performed. In addition, liver microsomal @entity7677 content and the rates of defluorination of @entity4488 and @entity11961 were determined. The maximum tolerated concentration of @entity3727 was approximately 5000,000 ppm. Even at this high dose, there was no evidence of organ damage. Following @entity3727 exposure, neither the hepatic microsomal @entity7677 content nor the rates of anesthetic defluorination were increased; the rate of in vitro inorganic @entity1388 production was greater for @entity11961 than for @entity4488 . Since there was no evidence of specific @entity137 or of enzyme induction or inhibition, it was concluded that @entity3727 is a comparatively nontoxic inhalational anesthetic under the conditions of this study.

title: Effects of subchronic intermittent exposure to @entity3810 in Swiss Webster XXXX .

entities_list: @entity11961 :: ('MESH:D008733', 'Chemical') :: ['methoxyflurane']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['organ toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

entities_list: @entity4488 :: ('MESH:D004737', 'Chemical') :: ['enflurane']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['drug induced damage']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: In 1999, we purified pseudechetoxin (PsTx), the first peptide toxin known to block cyclic @entity377 -gated (CNG) ion channels, from the venom of Pseudechis australis [Brown, R. L., Haley, T. L., West, K. A., and Crabb, J. W. (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96, 754-759]. Here we report the cloning of the cDNA encoding PsTx, as well as the discovery and cloning of pseudecin, a homologous toxin from the venom of Pseudechis porphyriacus. The mature proteins are 211 and 210 @entity1522 in length, and the @entity535 sequences are 96.7% identical, differing in only seven residues. The purified toxins were applied to outside-out patches excised from @entity1238 oocytes expressing CNG channels composed of the rod @entity70831 or olfactory CNGA2 channel subunits. Surprisingly, these patch-clamp studies revealed a 30-fold difference in affinity between PsTx and pseudecin for channels composed of CNGA2 subunits. The apparent K(i) of PsTx was 15 nM, while the affinity of pseudecin was 460 nM. The difference in affinities for the @entity70831 subunit from rod photoreceptors was less pronounced, but the affinity of PsTx was 70 nM, compared with 1000 nM for pseudecin. This difference in affinity may be instructive as we attempt to identify the regions of the toxins that contact CNG channels. As the only known protein blockers of CNG channels, these toxins promise to be valuable tools to study the structure of the external face of these channels.

title: Purification and cloning of toxins from elapid venoms that target cyclic XXXX -gated ion channels.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity377 :: (CHEBI:36976,Chemical) :: ['nucleotide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Clarify the association between physical activity intensity and @entity2973 / @entity28 . METHODS: Population-based 1997-2001 survey in Geneva, Switzerland (n=5,757, ages 35 to 74). Intensity of physical activity energy expenditure (EE) defined as percentage of total EE in moderate activities [3-3.9 x basal metabolism rate (BMR), e.g., normal walking, household chores] and high-intensity activities (> or =4 x BMR, e.g., brisk walking, sports). Overweight or @entity28 based on measured body mass index (BMI). RESULTS: Comparing @entity1 in the lowest vs. the highest tertile of the percentage of high-intensity EE, the odds ratios (ORs) were, for @entity28 vs. normal weight, 2.8 (95% confidence interval: 2.0-3.8, P<0.0001) in @entity1 and 2.4 (1.7-3.4, P<0.0001) in @entity1 . For obese vs. @entity2973 , the @entity1 / @entity1 ORs were 1.9 (1.4-2.6, P<0.0001)/1.5 (1.0-2.2, P<0.05). For @entity2973 vs. normal weight, the @entity1 / @entity1 ORs were 1.4 (1.1-1.7, P<0.002)/1.7 (1.3-2.1, P<0.0001). Less or no relationship was found for the percentage of moderate-intensity EE. CONCLUSIONS: This cross-sectional study cannot determine whether exercise is an effective strategy for weight control or whether @entity2973 or obese @entity1 exercise less. However, clear dose-response associations in both genders between @entity28 or @entity2973 and energy expenditure in high (but not in moderate)-intensity activities are findings with potentially major public health implications meriting validation in an experimental intervention study.

title: Association of physical activity intensity levels with XXXX and @entity28 in a population-based sample of adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity2973 :: ('MESH:D050177', 'Disease') :: ['overweight']

answer: @entity2973 :: (MESH:D050177,Disease) :: ['overweight']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aqueous solutions of oxalato- and citrato-VO(2+) complexes are prepared, and their ligand exchange reaction is investigated as a function of the amount of @entity1792 present in the aqueous solution via continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW EPR) and hyperfine sublevel correlation (HYSCORE) spectroscopy. With a low amount of @entity1792 , monomeric cis-oxalato-VO(2+) complexes occur with a distorted square-pyramidal geometry. As the amount of @entity1792 increases, oxalate is gradually exchanged for @entity1792 . This leads to (i) an intermediate situation of monomeric @entity4962 complexes with a mix of oxalate/ @entity1792 ligands and (ii) a final situation of both monomeric and dimeric complexes with exclusively citrato ligands. The monomeric citrato-VO(2+) complexes dominate (abundance > 80%) and are characterized by a 6-fold chelation of the vanadium(IV) ion by 4 RCO2(-) ligands at the equatorial positions and a H2O/R-OH ligand at the axial position. The different redox stabilities of these complexes, relative to that of dissolved O2 in the aqueous solution, is analyzed via (51)V NMR. It is shown that the oxidation rate is the highest for the oxalato-VO(2+) complexes. In addition, the stability of the @entity4962 complexes can be drastically improved by evacuation of the dissolved O2 from the solution and subsequent storage in a N2 ambient atmosphere. The @entity46715 phase formation process, starting with the chemical solution deposition of the aqueous solutions and continuing with subsequent processing in an ambient 0.1% O2 atmosphere, differs for the two complexes. The oxalato-VO(2+) complexes turn into the @entity26 -deficient crystalline VO2 B at 400   C, which then turns into crystalline V6O13 at 500   C. In contrast, the citrato-VO(2+) complexes form an amorphous film at 400   C that crystallizes into VO2 M1 and V6O13 at 500   C.

title: Chemical Composition of an Aqueous Oxalato-/Citrato-VO(2+) Solution as Determinant for XXXX Phase Formation.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity46715 :: ('CHEBI:35174', 'Chemical') :: ['vanadium oxide']

answer: @entity46715 :: (CHEBI:35174,Chemical) :: ['Vanadium Oxide']


abstract: AIM: The aim of the present action research study was to investigate the healthcare providers' experiences with introducing Marte Meo Counselling (MMC) in a @entity303 -specific care unit. BACKGROUND: Research on the use of MMC shows that healthcare providers saw the @entity1 ' resources and needs more clearly and achieved increased awareness of their own skills. DESIGN AND METHOD: An action-oriented research including a three-phase strategy was applied: the mapping phase, the intervention phase and the evaluation phase. During the 5-month mapping phase, two researchers conducted @entity1 observation of a total of 50 hours. The intervention phase consisted of lectures, clinical supervision in MMC and seven reflection groups and lasted 12 months. In the six-month evaluation phase, @entity1 observation of a total of 48 hours was conducted. Four focus group interviews took place during the whole study period of 2 years. RESULTS: The staff went through a process of change described by the following themes: from challenging behaviour to challenging interaction; from generalised skills to contextualised relational care; and from personal challenges to a professional community. CONCLUSIONS: As a result of MMC, the healthcare providers realised the value of taking into account the @entity1 ' context in @entity303 care and of being active @entity1 in the @entity1 ' world. The focus changed from regarding challenging behaviour as symptoms of a disorder to being a challenge to interaction. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Marte Meo Counselling should be combined with continuous reflection to improve healthcare providers' interaction with @entity1 who live with @entity303 . The reflection groups gave the caregivers an opportunity for discussions that would otherwise be impossible in their busy everyday life.

title: 'On one's own strength' Healthcare providers' experience with introducing Marte Meo Counselling in XXXX care.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'participant', 'people']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: The efficacy and safety of sustained-release @entity3988 , 60 to 180 mg twice daily, was compared with that of @entity3371 , 25 to 75 mg twice daily, alone and in combination, in 132 @entity1 with mild to moderate essential @entity101 (supine diastolic blood pressure [BP] 95 to 114 mm Hg). All @entity1 received placebo for 4 to 6 weeks, followed by randomization to @entity3988 or @entity3371 during the double-blind monotherapy phase. Either study drug was titrated over 6 weeks to achieve a goal supine diastolic BP reduction of at least 10 mm Hg and a diastolic BP of less than 90 mm Hg. @entity1 achieving the goal BP reduction were maintained on monotherapy for an additional 8 weeks. @entity1 not achieving the treatment goal after 8 weeks with either drug alone received the other drug in combination, titrated to achieve goal BP response. Both drugs lowered BP significantly and, at the doses used, @entity3988 had a greater effect on diastolic BP than did @entity3371 . The mean changes from baseline at week 8 were -10.6 and -7.3 mm Hg, respectively, (p = 0.01). Goal BP was achieved in 38% of @entity1 taking @entity3988 monotherapy and in 34% of @entity1 taking @entity3371 monotherapy. There were no significant differences between @entity3988 and @entity3371 in diastolic or systolic BP reductions by race or age. The addition of alternate therapy for non-goal achievers at week 8 resulted in significant reductions in diastolic and systolic BP by week 16.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX and @entity3371 alone or in combination for treatment of mild to moderate systemic @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity3988 :: ('MESH:D004110', 'Chemical') :: ['diltiazem']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['captopril']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

answer: @entity3988 :: (MESH:D004110,Chemical) :: ['Diltiazem']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the practice patterns and clinical outcomes associated with use of rescue therapies in @entity1 with @entity647 . DESIGN: Secondary analysis of multicentered, randomized, controlled trial data from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Acute @entity649 Clinical Trials Network. SETTING: Intensive care units of Acute @entity649 Clinical Trials Network centers across the United States. @entity1 : Subjects enrolled in six Acute @entity649 Clinical Trials Network trials occurring between 1996 and 2005. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: One hundred sixty-six of 2632 (6.3%) subjects received rescue therapy, defined as prone positioning (97 of 166 [58%]), inhaled vasodilators (47 of 166 [28%]), high-frequency ventilation (12 of 166 [7%]), or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (10 of 166 [6%]). Use of inhaled vasodilators increased whereas use of prone position decreased over time (p for trend = 0.04 and 0.0013, respectively). Multivariate predictors for use of rescue therapy included age (odds ratio per 10 yrs and 95% confidence interval: 0.88; 0.78-0.99; p = .049), positive end-expiratory pressure (odds ratio per 5-cm @entity2507 increase: 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.69; p = .019), Pao2/Fio2; odds ratio per 5-cm @entity2507 increase: 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.96-0.99; p = .017), peak airway pressure (odds ratio per 5-cm @entity2507 increase: 1.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.001-1.237; p = .047), and study order (odds ratio per subsequent Acute @entity649 Clinical Trials Network study: 1.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.41; p = .02). Cox proportional hazards analysis of propensity score-matched subjects showed no difference in survival for those who received rescue therapy vs. those who did not (hazard ratio for @entity204 after rescue therapy or index date, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 0.67-1.78; p = .72). No differences in survival were found between those who received prone positioning vs. inhaled vasodilators (propensity score-adjusted hazard ratio for prone 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.86-2.10; p = .76). CONCLUSIONS: Rescue therapies are utilized in younger @entity1 with more severe oxygenation deficits. Patterns of rescue therapy utilization appear to be changing over time. Within the limits of an observational study design, we did not find evidence of a survival benefit with use of rescue therapies in @entity647 .

title: Utilization patterns and @entity1 outcomes associated with use of rescue therapies in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['Respiratory Distress Syndrome']

entities_list: @entity647 :: ('MESH:D055371', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung injury']

answer: @entity647 :: (MESH:D055371,Disease) :: ['acute lung injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Skeletal muscle involvement has been well documented in @entity1 with @entity573 nodosa (PAN), and symptoms referable to skeletal muscle are not uncommon. However, @entity6558 as a mode of presentation of PAN is uncommon. This unusual presentation of PAN has been reported only once previously in the English literature. OBJECTIVE: This study describes a @entity1 who had diffuse weakness, @entity925 , and markedly elevated serum @entity1011 phosphokinase, mimicking @entity6558 . The literature dealing with the clinical aspects of muscle involvement in PAN is reviewed. RESULTS: A 24-year-old @entity1 was admitted to the hospital with a 1-month history of @entity221 , @entity925 , and @entity425 . @entity1333 was shown on subsequent muscle biopsy, consistent with PAN. Literature review indicated that muscle involvement is common in PAN, as has been shown by the frequency of muscular symptoms and by histologic evidence obtained from both clinical and autopsy studies. Nineteen percent of @entity1 with PAN had documented @entity121 , and autopsy series have shown skeletal muscle involvement in 30% to 48% of cases. However, @entity6558 as a mode of presentation of PAN is rare. We found only 1 other @entity1 with PAN who had elevated @entity1011 phosphokinase and diffuse @entity121 suggestive of @entity6558 . CONCLUSIONS: PAN should be suspected in cases of focal or diffuse @entity121 , especially in the context of a @entity262 . Biopsy of symptomatic muscles or EMG-directed biopsies can be helpful in establishing a diagnosis of PAN to allow the physician to provide early treatment.

title: Polyarteritis nodosa presenting as XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathy']

entities_list: @entity573 :: ('MESH:C537014', 'Disease') :: ['polyarteritis']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['Necrotizing vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['myalgias', 'myalgia']

entities_list: @entity6558 :: ('MESH:D017285', 'Disease') :: ['polymyositis']

answer: @entity6558 :: (MESH:D017285,Disease) :: ['polymyositis']


abstract: Although complications including graft @entity715 , graft @entity788 , and rejection have been well documented after pancreas transplantation, the occurrence of graft duodenal perforation is uncommon. In this article, we report a case of graft duodenal perforation due to @entity547 after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPK). A @entity1 with @entity6 and @entity2316 had undergone SPK from a cadaveric donor. One year later, she was admitted to our hospital for severe lower @entity490 with preshock status. She was immediately examined by abdominal computed tomography and both peripancreas graft fluid accumulation and severe dilatation of the ileum were detected. On emergency operation, two punched holes located at the graft duodenal side near the suture line and an obstruction of herniated bowel behind the graft pancreas were detected. These holes were repaired and the @entity547 was reduced. However, a control of the @entity1320 was very difficult despite intensive treatment with antibiotics and additional abdominal drainage. Finally, a graft pancreatectomy was unavoidably required. When complications, including symptomatic @entity1320 , require re-laparotomy after pancreas transplantation, the therapeutic focus should be switched from salvaging the graft to the preservation of life.

title: Graft Duodenal Perforation due to XXXX after Simultaneous Pancreas-Kidney Transplantation: Report of a Case.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type I diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity547 :: ('MESH:D006547', 'Disease') :: ['internal hernia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['intraabdominal infection']

answer: @entity547 :: (MESH:D006547,Disease) :: ['Internal Hernia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Systemic corticosteroids have been traditionally used in the therapy of @entity4816 in @entity1 with @entity1252 . The high morbidity associated with long-term corticosteroid therapy has prompted the use of corticosteroid-sparing strategies with cytotoxic agents. METHODS: This retrospective study summarizes the authors' experience of the last 10 years including 9 @entity1252 @entity1 with @entity4816 who required treatment for longer than 6 months. RESULTS: Seven of these @entity1 were treated with cytotoxic agents. Average follow-up was 39 months. @entity32 was controlled clinically and angiographically in all @entity1 using the following therapeutic regimens: systemic @entity288 and @entity6383 (n = 1 @entity1 ); systemic corticosteroids and cytotoxic chemotherapy (n = 6); cytotoxic chemotherapy and @entity6383 (n = 1); and @entity6383 alone (n = 1). Visual acuity was preserved (> 20/30) or improved in all @entity1 . All @entity1 retained excellent control of their @entity262 during their follow-up. Side effects of cytotoxic drugs requiring discontinuation of all chemotherapy were not encountered in this group; @entity500 therapy did result in substantial adverse effects necessitating its replacement with other drugs. CONCLUSION: These results suggest a valuable role for corticosteroid-sparing drugs in the therapy of @entity4816 associated with @entity1252 .

title: Corticosteroid-sparing strategies in the treatment of XXXX in @entity1252 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity6383 :: ('MESH:D006886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxychloroquine']

entities_list: @entity4816 :: ('MESH:D031300', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity4816 :: (MESH:D031300,Disease) :: ['retinal vasculitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The co-occurrence of severe @entity1032 and @entity734 , or dual diagnosis, is prevalent and is associated with significant clinical and social problems. Most studies have treated @entity1 with a dual diagnosis as a homogeneous population, grouping together different substances of misuse. This study investigated whether subgroups defined by their main substances of misuse were heterogeneous. The primary hypothesis was that users of stimulants, such as @entity2072 or @entity889 , would be characterized by especially high rates of inpatient admission, violence, and self-harm. METHODS: Case managers' ratings were used to identify individuals with serious @entity1032 and comorbid substance abuse or @entity734 who were being treated by 13 community mental health teams in South London. Standardized instruments were used to elicit sociodemographic, clinical, social, and service use data. RESULTS: A total of 233 cases of comorbid @entity734 and @entity716 were identified. On the basis of best available information, 78 (34 percent) @entity1 were classified as @entity167 misusers only, 52 (22 percent) as @entity167 and @entity835 users, 29 (12 percent) as users of @entity835 only, and 55 (24 percent) as stimulant users; 19 @entity1 (8 percent) were excluded from the analysis. No significant differences were found between subgroups in the use of inpatient services and lifetime history of self-harm, but there was a significant difference in lifetime history of violence, which was more frequent among stimulant users. The @entity167 users were older and more likely to be white, but otherwise few differences between subgroups were suggested by exploratory analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Apart from differences in history of violence, little heterogeneity was found among subgroups of @entity1 with different types of substance misuse.

title: Characteristics of subgroups of individuals with XXXX and a comorbid @entity734 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity835 :: ('MESH:D002189', 'Disease') :: ['cannabis']

entities_list: @entity889 :: ('MESH:D000662', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamines']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic illness']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance use disorder', 'dependence']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychotic illness']


abstract: Over 1 million @entity1 are living with @entity645 / @entity791 in Uganda and there is a need for the provision of comprehensive palliative care. There is minimal literature with regard to the provision of palliative care in Uganda and there is no evaluation literature on the quality of palliative care education programmes. The aim of the study was to conduct an evaluation of a modular @entity645 / @entity791 palliative care education programme undertaken in rural Uganda by the Mildmay Centre. The evaluation was based on a case study design where the researcher worked alongside the training team. It was undertaken in Rukungiri district and @entity1 on the programme were drawn from four different health facilities within the district. The evaluation took place between January 2004 and December 2005 and multiple sources of data were used. Forty interviews and twenty focus group discussions were held, the work of the mobile training team was observed, documents reviewed and a research diary maintained by the researcher. A perceived and reported impact was seen at the @entity1 and community level, @entity1 level, health facility and district levels. An increase in access to care by @entity1 living with @entity645 / @entity791 was seen as stigma was reduced and the attitudes of health workers towards @entity1 living with @entity645 / @entity791 improved. Strengths and weaknesses of the programme were identified along with recommendations for future programmes.

title: The impact of a modular @entity645 / XXXX palliative care education programme in rural Uganda.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant', 'patient', 'people']

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']


abstract: PURPOSE: Targeted therapy (TT) provides highly effective @entity5 treatment for appropriately selected individuals. A major challenge of TT is to select @entity1 who would benefit most. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The study uses @entity5 material from 25 @entity1 primarily diagnosed with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). @entity1 -derived xenografts (PDXs) are treated with cetuximab and @entity3866 . Treatment response is measured by @entity5 shrinkage comparing @entity5 volume at day 25 (V25) with @entity5 volume at baseline (V0). Shrinkage below 40% is considered as treatment response: V25/V0 < 0.4 (<40%). Furthermore, RNA-seq data from each @entity5 sample are used to predict @entity5 response to either treatment using an in silico molecular signaling map (MSM) approach. RESULTS: PDX response was 40% (10/25; 95% CI [21.13%, 61.34%]) under cetuximab and 20% (5/25; 95% CI [6.83%, 40.70%]) under @entity3866 . MSM predicted response was 48% (12/25; 95% CI [27.8%, 68.7%]) under cetuximab and 40% (10/25; 95% CI [21.13%, 61.34%]) under @entity3866 . Agreement between PDX and MSM response prediction is substantial under cetuximab and @entity3866 : 84% (21/25, P = 0.001) and 80% (20/25, P = 0.003). A total of 5 from the 25 @entity1 have been treated with cetuximab showing a clinical response identical to both predictions. CONCLUSIONS: For @entity1149 @entity1 , this proof-of-concept study shows a considerable agreement in response prediction from MSM and PDX approaches, but MSM saves time and laboratory resources. Our result indicates the potential of MSM-based approach for clinical decision making when selecting @entity5 TTs. Clin Cancer Res; 22(9); 2167-76.   2015 AACR.

title: Comparing XXXX -Derived Xenograft and Computational Response Prediction for Targeted Therapy in @entity1 of Early-Stage Large Cell Lung Cancer.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']