abstract: UNASSIGNED: In this study, the prevalence of @entity323 ( @entity323 ) and serum sexual hormone levels were evaluated in @entity1 with @entity27 ( @entity27 ). In these @entity1 , the efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) was determined. The 207 @entity1 (mean age 44.0      11.1  years) enrolled in the study were stratified within four groups based on their @entity27 index score: simple snoring (n  =  32), mild @entity27 (n  =  29), moderate @entity27 (n  =  38), and severe @entity27 (n  =  108). The International Index of @entity323 -5 (IIEF-5) score was obtained from each @entity1 , and blood samples for the analysis of sexual hormones (prolactin, luteotropin, follicle-stimulating hormone, @entity53 , @entity1871 , and @entity251 ) were drawn in the morning after polysomnography. The IIEF-5 test and serum sexual hormone measurements were repeated after 3  months of CPAP treatment in 53 @entity1 with severe @entity27 . The prevalence of @entity323 was 60.6  % in @entity27 @entity1 overall and 72.2  % in those with severe @entity27 . Compared with the simple snoring group, @entity1 with severe @entity27 had significantly lower @entity251 levels (14.06      5.62 vs. 17.02      4.68, p  =  .018) and lower IIEF-5 scores (16.33      6.50 vs. 24.09      1.94, p  =  .001). The differences in the other sexual hormones between groups were not significant. After 3  months of CPAP treatment, there were no significant changes in sexual hormone levels, but the IIEF-5 score had improved significantly (18.21      4.05 vs. 19.21      3.86, p  =  .001). Severe @entity27 @entity1 have low @entity251 concentration and high @entity323 prevalence. IIEF-5 scores increased significantly after CPAP treatment, but there was no effect on serum @entity251 levels.

title: @entity323 and Sexual Hormone Levels in XXXX With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Efficacy of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction', 'ED', 'Erectile Dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['apnea-hypopnea', 'obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity1871 :: ('CHEBI:59826', 'Chemical') :: ['progestin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Men']


abstract: @entity10841 mustard (melphalan) induced a time- and concentration-dependent arrest of cycling RPMI 6410 cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle as evidenced by flow cytofluorometry. A melphalan exposure of 1 microgram/ml for 1 hr caused a temporary G2 blockage which was overcome by 48 hr. Higher concentrations or longer exposures lead to irreversible blockages. Melphalan caused DNA cross-linking which was monitored by the alkaline elution method. The cross-linking was shown to be between DNA and protein. The degree of DNA cross-linking increased for approximately 4 hr after a 1-hr drug exposure of 1 microgram/ml. At 36 to 48 hr after the drug exposure, the cells overcame the G2 block and were dividing. The DNA cross-links have apparently been repaired as they are no longer detected by alkaline elution. The extent of melphalan cross-linking was dependent on both drug dosage and exposure time. Using a culture medium lacking @entity1522 , it was shown that @entity3601 uptake into RPMI 6410 cells was inhibited by @entity368 , @entity6778 , or @entity1160 . The increased uptake of melphalan and the increased cross-linking in @entity535 -deficient media were reduced by readdition of the aforementioned @entity1522 .

title: XXXX mustard (melphalan) uptake and cross-linking in the RPMI 6410 human lymphoblastoid cell line.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity10841 :: ('CHEBI:58095', 'Chemical') :: ['L-Phenylalanine']

entities_list: @entity3601 :: ('MESH:D008558', 'Chemical') :: ['melphalan']

entities_list: @entity6778 :: ('CHEBI:24898', 'Chemical') :: ['isoleucine']

answer: @entity10841 :: (CHEBI:58095,Chemical) :: ['L-phenylalanine']


abstract: PURPOSE: A hallmark of @entity263 ( @entity263 ) progression is the development of osteoblastic bone metastases, which respond poorly to available therapies. We previously reported that @entity1611 (121)/rGel targets osteoclast precursors and @entity5 neovasculature. Here we tested the hypothesis that targeting nontumor cells expressing these receptors can inhibit @entity5 progression in a clinically relevant model of osteoblastic @entity263 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Cells from @entity1865 @entity263 118b, a @entity263 xenograft obtained from a bone @entity3 in a @entity1 with castrate-resistant @entity263 , were injected into the femurs of @entity19 . Osteoblastic progression was monitored following systemic administration of @entity1611 (121)/rGel. RESULTS: @entity1611 (121)/rGel was cytotoxic in vitro to osteoblast precursor cells. This @entity137 was specific as @entity1611 (121)/rGel internalization into osteoblasts was @entity1611 (121) receptor driven. Furthermore, @entity1611 (121)/rGel significantly inhibited @entity263 -induced bone formation in a @entity19 calvaria culture assay. In vivo, @entity1611 (121)/rGel significantly inhibited the osteoblastic progression of @entity263 cells in the femurs of @entity19 . Microcomputed tomographic analysis revealed that @entity1611 (121)/rGel restored the bone volume fraction of @entity5 -bearing femurs to values similar to those of the contralateral (non- @entity5 -bearing) femurs. @entity1611 (121)/rGel significantly reduced the number of @entity5 -associated osteoclasts but did not change the numbers of peritumoral osteoblasts. Importantly, @entity1611 (121)/rGel-treated @entity19 had significantly less @entity5 burden than control @entity19 . Our results thus indicate that @entity1611 (121)/rGel inhibits osteoblastic @entity5 progression by targeting angiogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and bone formation. CONCLUSIONS: Targeting @entity1611 receptor (VEGFR)-1- or @entity11132 -expressing cells is effective in controlling the osteoblastic progression of @entity263 in bone. These findings provide the basis for an effective multitargeted approach for metastatic @entity263 .

title: XXXX osteoblastic progression with VEGF121/rGel, a single agent targeting osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and @entity5 neovasculature.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'PCa']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse', 'nude mice']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Inhibition of prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An upper motor neuron (UMN) lesion in @entity746 ( @entity746 ) is often difficult to identify because clinical signs may be discrete or masked by severe simultaneous @entity75 . We compared the diagnostic sensitivity of @entity9808 ( @entity9808 ) to cranial muscles and limb muscles in the detection of UMN lesions. DESIGN: We investigated corticobulbar and corticospinal tract function to the tongue/orofacial muscles and abductor digiti minimi/tibial anterior muscles with @entity9808 in 51 @entity1 with @entity746 to compare the diagnostic yield in the detection of @entity4681 . An UMN lesion was assumed when the following were found: the peripheral conduction time and amplitude of the M-wave were within the normal range, the response to cortical stimulation was absent, the @entity9808 evoked/M-wave amplitude ratio was reduced, and the central motor conduction time or the interside difference was delayed (> mean+2.5 SD). RESULTS: On the basis of these criteria a UMN lesion to the orofacial muscles was identified in 24 @entity1 (47%), to the tongue in 27 (53%), and to the upper and lower limbs in 13 (25%) and 22 @entity1 (43%), respectively. Combined abnormalities from all sites increased the diagnostic yield to 39 @entity1 (76%). @entity9808 of the limb muscles confirmed a UMN lesion in only 15 (54%) of the 28 @entity1 with clinically confirmed UMN involvement. This number increased to 23 @entity1 (82%) if tongue and orofacial muscles were taken into acount. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate the early and in most cases subclinical corticobulbar tract involvement of the central motor pathways to the orofacial muscles and tongue in @entity746 . @entity9808 of the tongue and orofacial muscles had a higher sensitivity in identifying UMN lesions than that of the upper and lower limbs.

title: Sensitivity of @entity9808 of cortico-bulbar vs. cortico-spinal tract involvement in XXXX ( @entity746 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['LMN lesions']

entities_list: @entity9808 :: ('MESH:C536917', 'Disease') :: ['TMS', 'transcranial magnetic stimulation']

entities_list: @entity4681 :: ('MESH:D016472', 'Disease') :: ['UMN dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity746 :: ('MESH:D000690', 'Disease') :: ['ALS', 'amyotrophic lateral sclerosis']

answer: @entity746 :: (MESH:D000690,Disease) :: ['Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis']


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate our practices by studying the duration of hospitalization and the parental real-life experience after a primary surgery of a @entity2419 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Monocentric retrospective study by analysis of the @entity1 files and phone interview of the parents whose @entity1 were operated for a primary surgery of a @entity2419 isolated, or associated with a labial cleft, or included in a syndromic form. RESULTS: Forty-nine @entity1 (25  B-24  G) were performed by 44  Wardill and five Furlow procedures (average age: 11  months   ) between 2010  and 2012. The average duration of the post-operative stay was 1.5  days. Thirty-three parents were contacted (67%). The return was "very well" or "well done" in 82% of the cases. The @entity158 at home was estimated by the parents as "worthless" or "little intense" in 73% of the cases. For 16% of the parents, the @entity1 seemed "uncomfortable". The prescription of analgesic was followed only in 70% of the cases. The duration of hospitalization was considered by the families as "good one" in 70% of the cases, "too long" for 12% and "too short" for 18% in particular because of difficulty in eating or parental @entity148 . CONCLUSION: Even if palatine surgery is considered to be painful, anaesthetic techniques and current analgesic protocols allow to envisage very simple and fast consequences, authorizing an early return of the @entity1 at home.

title: [Primary surgery for XXXX and short hospital stay (48h): Are they compatible?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['cleft palate']

answer: @entity2419 :: (MESH:D002972,Disease) :: ['cleft palate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Normalization of data, by choosing the appropriate reference genes (RGs), is fundamental for obtaining reliable results in reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). In this study, we assessed Actinidia deliciosa leaves inoculated with two doses of @entity3437 . actinidiae during a period of 13 days for the expression profile of nine candidate RGs. Their expression stability was calculated using four algorithms: geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper and the deltaCt method. @entity16335 dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) were the most stable genes, while b-tubulin and 7s-globulin were the less stable. Expression analysis of three target genes, chosen for RGs validation, encoding the reactive @entity26 species scavenging enzymes @entity9050 peroxidase (APX), @entity224 dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) indicated that a combination of stable RGs, such as GAPDH and PP2A, can lead to an accurate quantification of the expression levels of such target genes. The APX level varied during the experiment time course and according to the inoculum doses, whereas both SOD and CAT resulted down-regulated during the first four days, and up-regulated afterwards, irrespective of inoculum dose. These results can be useful for better elucidating the molecular interaction in the A. deliciosa/P. s. pv. actinidiae pathosystem and for RGs selection in bacteria-plant pathosystems.

title: Reference gene selection for normalization of RT-qPCR gene expression data from Actinidia deliciosa leaves infected with XXXX pv. actinidiae.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3437 :: ('317', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas syringae pv']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity9050 :: ('CHEBI:38290', 'Chemical') :: ['ascorbate']

entities_list: @entity16335 :: ('MESH:D005986', 'Chemical') :: ['Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate']

answer: @entity3437 :: (317,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas syringae']


abstract: Five mAb directed at the @entity3647 chain were analyzed for their binding and functional properties. They define three epitopes on a recombinant soluble beta chain or on the beta chain expressed at the surface of YT-2C2 cells. Epitope 1 (A41 and 6E8 mAb) is part of the @entity1199 binding domain, whereas epitope 2 (CF1 and 6E10 mAb) is not involved in @entity1199 binding. Epitope 3 (6B5 mAb) also partly overlaps the @entity1199 binding domain but does not overlap epitopes 1 and 2. None of the mAb can by themselves inhibit @entity1199 induced proliferation of a @entity1 activated T cell clone. Only epitope 1 mAb can synergize with an anti-alpha chain mAb to inhibit this proliferation. Using epitope 1 and 2 mAb as well as a purified, recombinant form of the @entity3647 chain extracellular domain, an ELISA-based immunoassay was set up which allows the quantitative determination of soluble and detergent solubilized @entity3647 chains. Epitopes 1 and 2 are in non-competitive interaction: the binding of a mAb to one epitope decreases the affinity of a mAb for the second epitope. Epitope 2 mAb have binding stoichiometries (approximately 16,000 sites/cell) which are approximately 80% higher than that of epitope 1 mAb and @entity1199 itself (approximately 9000 sites/cell). Upon binding of epitope 2 mAb, the stoichiometries of epitope 1 mAb and @entity1199 are increased to reach the stoichiometry of epitope 2 mAb.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Immunological characterization of antigenic domains on @entity1 XXXX subunit: epitope-function relationships.

answer: @entity3647 :: (3560,Gene) :: ['IL-2 receptor beta']


abstract: A. Storey et al. [Nature (Lond.), 393: 229-234, 1998)] reported a 7-fold increased risk of @entity5 associated with having an @entity534 / @entity534 polymorphism at codon 72 of @entity876 compared with the Pro/ @entity534 heterozygotes (odds ratio, 7.4; 95% confidence interval, 2.1-29.4). Complementary in vitro studies suggested that the HPV E6 oncoprotein more readily targets the @entity369 form, as opposed to the @entity1521 form, of @entity876 for degradation. We investigated the impact of this polymorphism in a population-based case-control study of @entity3 . Using a PCR assay to detect the @entity876 codon 72 polymorphism, we tested blood samples from 111 @entity1 with invasive @entity1544 of the cervix identified by a population-based registry and 164 random-digit telephone-dialed controls. The distribution of the genotype among control @entity1 was 38% heterozygous, 7% @entity1521 homozygous, and 55% @entity369 homozygous, and among the cases was 38%, 6%, and 56%, respectively. There was no increased risk of @entity1544 associated with homozygosity for the @entity369 allele (odds ratio, 1.0; 95% confidence interval, 0.6-1.7). Furthermore, there was no modification of this result by @entity1082 ) DNA status of the @entity5 , age, or smoking status. Among controls, there was no association between the polymorphism and @entity1799 L1 seropositivity. However, among case subjects, the codon 72 polymorphism may be related to @entity1799 L1 seropositivity status.

title: The @entity876 Arg72Pro polymorphism, XXXX , and invasive @entity1544 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell invasive cervical cancer', 'squamous cell cancer']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1521 :: ('CHEBI:26271', 'Chemical') :: ['proline']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: Ragaglitazar [(-) @entity72943 ; NNC 61-0029] is a coligand of @entity3725 and @entity9781 . In ob/ob @entity19 , ragaglitazar showed significant reduction in plasma @entity413 , @entity412 and insulin (ED50 values <0.03, 6.1 and <0.1 mg kg-1). These effects are three-fold better than @entity6170 and @entity72944 . In Zucker fa/fa @entity35 , ragaglitazar showed dose-dependent reduction in @entity412 and insulin, hepatic @entity412 secretion and @entity412 clearance kinetics (maximum of 74, 53, 32 and 50% at 3 mg kg-1), which are better than @entity6170 and @entity72944 . In a high-fat-fed hyperlipidaemic @entity35 model, the compound showed an ED50 of 3.95, 3.78 mg kg-1 for @entity412 and @entity165 lowering, and 0.29 mg kg-1 for HDL-C increase. It also showed improvement in clearance of plasma @entity412 and hepatic @entity412 secretion rate. All these effects are 3-10-fold better than @entity3724 and @entity72944 . Ragaglitazar treatment showed significant reduction in plasma @entity8151 and @entity42665 levels, and increase in liver CPT1 and CAT activity and ACO mRNA. Significant @entity409 and fat LPL activity and fat @entity12891 mRNA was also observed. In a high-fat-fed hamster model, ragaglitazar at 1 mg kg-1 showed 83 and 61% reduction in @entity412 and total @entity165 , and also 17% reduction in fat feed-induced body weight increase. In these hyperlipidaemic animal models, @entity9781 ligands failed to show any significant efficacy. Taken together, ragaglitazar shows @entity1720 and lipid-lowering potential, as compared to the standard compounds.

title: Ragaglitazar: a novel XXXX @entity9781 agonist with potent lipid-lowering and insulin-sensitizing efficacy in animal models.

entities_list: @entity3724 :: ('MESH:D011345', 'Chemical') :: ['fenofibrate']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['increase of both liver']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity1720 :: ('MESH:D007333', 'Disease') :: ['better insulin-sensitizing']

entities_list: @entity6170 :: ('MESH:C089730', 'Chemical') :: ['rosiglitazone']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity3725 :: (25747(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['PPAR alpha']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity712 occurs in 6% of @entity1378 @entity1 . Nonetheless, only half of those with @entity1378 -related @entity712 have @entity1002 . Thus, @entity67 may play an important role in the pathogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed serial echocardiographic examinations in 70 consecutive @entity1 with @entity1378 (39    2 years, 47 @entity1 ) to determine their diastolic function and repeated the examinations 6 months after achieving a euthyroid state. All @entity1 had normal LV systolic function, but @entity67 was detected in 22 cases (mild: 3, moderate: 15 and severe: 4). The prevalence of @entity67 increased with age from 17  9 % in @entity1 <40 years to 100% in those >60 years. Increasing age was the only independent predictor for @entity67 in @entity1378 @entity1 . After achievement of a euthyroid state, most @entity1 (16/22, 72%) had completely normalized diastolic function: 100% of @entity1 <40 years, 33  3 % of those >=  60 years. Further analyses revealed significant age-related differences in the cardiovascular response to @entity1378 . Among @entity1 <40 years, @entity1378 resulted in a marked reduction in total peripheral vascular resistance, @entity5691 and enhanced diastolic function as determined by E'. No such significant change in total peripheral vascular resistance or cardiac output was observed in @entity1378 @entity1 >=  40 years. In addition, @entity1378 was associated with reduced E', signifying @entity67 in older @entity1378 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity1378 is associated with @entity67 , particularly in older @entity1 . It is partly reversible following achievement of a euthyroid state.

title: XXXX -induced @entity1002 : implication in @entity1378 -related @entity712 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity5691 :: ('MESH:D016534', 'Disease') :: ['increased cardiac output']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperthyroidism', 'hyperthyroidism', 'hyperthyroid']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['impaired left ventricular (LV) systolic function']

answer: @entity1378 :: (MESH:D006980,Disease) :: ['Hyperthyroidism']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the incidence of @entity1478 during postmenopausal replacement therapy with @entity11347 , using an appropriate control group. DESIGN: A total of 485 postmenopausal @entity1 were included in this open, prospective, comparative study for a duration of 36 months. Of this group, 249 @entity1 received 2.5 mg/day of @entity11347 and 244 @entity1 served as controls, receiving continuous-combined @entity172 -progestogen therapy ( @entity101 ). Transvaginal ultrasound, hysteroscopy, and directed biopsies were performed before treatment was initiated and at the end of the study. RESULTS: Two hundred twenty-one of the @entity1 receiving @entity11347 and 203 receiving continuous-combined @entity101 completed the study. @entity1478 were detected in 74 @entity1 (33.4%) from the @entity11347 group and in 22 @entity1 (10.8%) from the @entity101 group (P < 0.01). The @entity3556 rate did not differ between the groups. The frequency of @entity1127 was significantly higher in the @entity11347 group (P < 0.01). No difference was found in the size of the @entity1127 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity11347 increases by threefold the risk for @entity1478 .

title: @entity11347 and risk of XXXX : a prospective, comparative study with hormone therapy.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity3556 :: ('MESH:D014592', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic polyps', 'polyps']

entities_list: @entity1478 :: ('MESH:D014591', 'Disease') :: ['Endometrial polyps', 'endometrial polyps']

entities_list: @entity11347 :: ('MESH:C027385', 'Chemical') :: ['Tibolone', 'tibolone']

answer: @entity1478 :: (MESH:D014591,Disease) :: ['endometrial polyps']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Decreased arterial compliance (AC) is considered an early marker of vascular wall damage. @entity101 gradually decreases arterial compliance. We studied whether treatment with the angiotensin type 1 ( @entity1129 (1)) antagonist @entity917 will affect AC in @entity1 with essential @entity101 (EH). METHODS: Twenty-two @entity1 with EH, 6 @entity1 and 16 @entity1 , mean age 58.7 +/- 4.1 years, without overt target organ damage were included. Antihypertensive medications were withdrawn for 3 weeks, @entity917 was given at 80- and 160-mg doses. The AC, blood pressure (BP), blood, and urine were measured monthly. Large (C1) and small (C2) AC were derived from radial artery waveforms, obtained using a calibrated tonometer (model CR-2000, HDI Inc., Eagan, MN). RESULTS: After 3 months, systolic BP decreased from 172 +/- 17 to 142 +/- 13 mm Hg (P <.0001) and diastolic BP from 95 +/- 9 to 82 +/- 8 mm Hg (P <.0001). The decrease in BP was significant within 1 month and improved further on. The C1 increased by 22%, from 8.0 +/- 3.1 to 9.7 +/- 2.3 mL/mm Hg x 10 (P <.01). The C2 increased by 35%, from 2.9 +/- 1.3 to 3.9 +/- 1.9 mL/mm Hg x 100 (P <.01). Both C1 and C2 reached statistical significance only after 3 months. Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) decreased by 15% from 2,140 +/- 376 to 1,817 +/- 262 dynes/sec/cm(-5) (P <.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with @entity917 in @entity1 with EH improves small and large AC. The improvement in AC was significant only after 3 months of treatment, whereas systolic BP, diastolic BP, and SVR decreased earlier. The @entity1129 (1) receptor blockade with @entity917 seems to be an effective means of not only lowering BP but of reversal of vascular wall damage, which predisposes to cardiovascular events.

title: Prolonged treatment with the AT1 receptor blocker, XXXX , increases small and large artery compliance in uncomplicated essential @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity917 :: ('MESH:C081489', 'Chemical') :: ['valsartan', 'Valsartan']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'Hypertension']

answer: @entity917 :: (MESH:C081489,Chemical) :: ['valsartan']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1419 usually presents late in the clinical course and has a poor prognosis. No effective systemic therapy is currently available. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and @entity137 of the ECF regimen ( @entity1259 , @entity900 . and 24-h continuous infusion of @entity1487 ) in advanced @entity1419 . @entity1 AND METHOD: On day 1, @entity1259 50 mg/m(2) and @entity900 60 mg/m(2) were administered i.v., repeated every 21 days. @entity1487 (200 mg/m(2)/day was given continuous i.v. via an ambulatory infusion pump throughout the treatment course. A total of 24 @entity1 (15 @entity1 and nine @entity1 ) with advanced @entity1419 between August 1996 and April 2002 were enrolled in this study. RESULTS: Of the 20 evaluable @entity1 , two had partial response (10%) and nine had stable disease (45%), including two minor response. Grade 3/4 @entity1398 was observed in six @entity1 , while grade 3/4 @entity882 was seen in five @entity1 . There was no @entity281 or @entity548 during any of the cycles of chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: ECF regimen is well-tolerated but is not an effective treatment for advanced @entity1419 . Newer clinical trials with combination drugs should be developed.

title: @entity1259 , XXXX , and protracted infusion of @entity1487 (ECF) in advanced @entity1419 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenic bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic infection']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1419 :: ('MESH:C535533', 'Disease') :: ['Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma', 'intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Symptomatic @entity1319 ( @entity1319 ) is a common @entity409 . It is often associated with @entity1887 ( @entity1887 ). Optimum therapy for this condition was recently shown to be in-clinic @entity227 ( @entity227 ). More scientific studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of @entity227 and verify these evidence-based results. METHODS: Fifty-seven @entity1 aged 9-13 years were diagnosed with symptomatic @entity1319 (n = 27) or combined symptomatic @entity1319 and @entity1887 (n = 30). They were independently divided into a treatment and a control group, matched by age and gender. The treatment group received 12 weeks of @entity227 while the control group received no therapy. A quality of life instrument documented the symptomatic @entity1 and charted improvement in symptoms after therapy. Clinical aspects were also assessed to determine the treatment effects on clinical findings. Twenty @entity1 in the treatment group completed a 1 year follow-up examination. RESULTS: Symptom scores and clinical measures of the treatment and control groups were not significantly different at baseline (p > 0.05), but showed significant differences after completion of 12 weeks of treatment (p < 0.001). No significant changes of either symptoms or signs were evident for the control group. One year follow-up examination revealed that most @entity1 maintained the improved symptom and clinical measures after @entity227 . CONCLUSION: This study supports the notion that @entity227 is a successful method of treating @entity1319 and @entity1319 combined with @entity1887 .

title: Effectiveness of @entity227 for convergence dysfunctions and long-term stability after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['vision therapy', 'VT']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['accommodative insufficiency', 'AI']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['binocular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['convergence insufficiency', 'CI']

answer: @entity227 :: (MESH:D014786,Disease) :: ['vision therapy']


abstract: The present study was designed to determine the possible significance of a therapeutic dose (0.2 mg) of @entity48103 on @entity1735 absorption by measuring the breath @entity3884 concentration, which is an index of the amount of unabsorbed @entity1735 in the large intestine. Post-prandial @entity4854 is common among @entity6 @entity1 . @entity48103 , a potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, suppressed post-prandial @entity4854 and @entity3190 in healthy volunteers at a dose of 0.2 mg with each meal. These volunteers increased the breath @entity3884 concentration in response to ingestion of non-absorbable @entity11884 , but decreased only slightly its concentration from the basal level after @entity969 ingestion, indicating complete absorption. When @entity48103 (0.2 mg) was given with @entity969 , @entity3884 production increased only slightly compared with placebo, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of @entity48103 on @entity969 absorption was minimal. Only 5 g of the 100 g of @entity969 was not absorbed and this 5% reduction is too small to explain the observed inhibitory effect on the post-prandial rise in plasma @entity413 . @entity969 loading in @entity35 (about 443 mg) sharply increased blood @entity413 and was accompanied by the rapid disappearance of @entity969 from the upper small intestine. @entity48103 (0.03 or 0.1 mg/kg) lessened the elevation of blood @entity413 after @entity969 ingestion. The lower dose (0.03 mg/kg) retarded small intestinal absorption, but did not induce an influx of @entity969 into the cecum and large intestine, while the higher dose (0.1 mg/kg) caused an increased influx of @entity969 into the large bowel. These results indicated that @entity48103 retards the absorption of @entity1735 and reduces post-prandial @entity4854 .

title: An alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, @entity48103 , retards XXXX absorption in @entity35 and @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity11884 :: ('MESH:D007792', 'Chemical') :: ['lactulose']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['Sucrose', 'sucrose']

entities_list: @entity3190 :: ('MESH:D006946', 'Disease') :: ['hyperinsulinemia']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1735 :: (CHEBI:16646,Chemical) :: ['carbohydrate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity393 in @entity4712 has received little attention due to the often more disabling ocular, orofacial and skeletal manifestations. Estimates suggest a global prevalence of @entity1274 ( @entity1274 ) ranging from 50  % to about 100  % though, depending on the underlying Stickler genotype. By performing extensive audiometric analysis in Stickler @entity1 , we aimed to further elucidate the auditory phenotype. Twenty molecularly confirmed Stickler @entity1 (age 10-62  year), of whom sixteen with @entity20353 ( @entity794 mutation) and four with @entity20354 ( @entity28942 mutation) underwent an otological questionnaire, clinical examination, pure tone and speech audiometry, tympanometry and otoacoustic emission testing. Cross-sectional and longitudinal regression analysis of the audiograms was performed to assess progression. In @entity20353 , 75  % demonstrated @entity393 , predominantly in the high frequencies. No significant progression beyond presbyacusis was observed. All @entity164 2 Stickler @entity1 exhibited mild-to-moderate low- and mid-frequency @entity1274 and moderate-to-severe high-frequency @entity1274 . In both types, @entity393 was observed in childhood. Otoacoustic emissions were only detectable in 7/40 ears and had very low amplitudes, even in frequency bands with normal hearing on pure tone audiometry. Type 1 @entity4712 is characterized by a mild high-frequency @entity1274 , emerging in childhood and non-progressive. Absent otoacoustic emissions are a frequent finding. @entity1 with @entity20354 exhibit early-onset moderate @entity1274 affecting all frequencies with a sloping audiogram. Taking into account the @entity227 in many @entity1 , we recommend regular auditory follow-up in @entity1 with @entity4712 , especially in childhood.

title: Auditory phenotype in XXXX : results of audiometric analysis in 20 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity20353 :: ('MESH:C537492', 'Disease') :: ['type 1 Stickler syndrome']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual impairment']

entities_list: @entity4712 :: ('MESH:C580472', 'Disease') :: ['Stickler syndrome']

entities_list: @entity20354 :: ('MESH:C537493', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 Stickler syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss', 'SNHL']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss', 'Hearing loss']

answer: @entity4712 :: (MESH:C580472,Disease) :: ['Stickler syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate whether mean platelet volume ( @entity6688 ) is correlated with the CURB-65 (Confusion, Urea, Respiratory rate, Blood pressure, >65 years of age) score, and whether a combination of the CURB-65 score with @entity6688 could better predict the 28-day mortality in @entity1 with @entity497 ( @entity497 ). METHODS: This prospective, observational, single-center, and cross-sectional study was conducted at emergency department (ED) between September 1, 2013, and July 31, 2014. All @entity1 underwent follow-up evaluations 28 days after admission. The end point was defined as all-cause mortality. RESULTS: A total of 174 @entity1 (mean age, 66.7    15.8 years; 66.1% @entity1 ) with @entity497 were enrolled in this study. All-cause mortality at the 28-day follow-up evaluation was 16.1%. A significant and inverse correlation between @entity6688 and CURB-65 score was found (R = -.58, P < .001). We determined that the optimal @entity6688 cutoff for predicting 28-day mortality at the time of ED admission was 8.55 fL, with a 75.0% sensitivity and a 75.3% specificity. For the prediction of 28-day mortality, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.819 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.740-0.898; P < .001) when the CURB-65 score was used alone, whereas it increased to 0.895 (95% CI, 0.819-0.936; P < .001) with the addition of @entity6688 to the score. CONCLUSIONS: Mean platelet volume level is valuable for predicting mortality and the severity of disease among @entity1 with @entity497 at ED admission. Furthermore, a combination of CURB-65 score and @entity6688 can enhance the predictive accuracy of 28-day mortality.

title: Combination of mean platelet volume and the CURB-65 score better predicts 28-day mortality in XXXX with @entity497 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['CAP', 'community-acquired pneumonia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to report on treatment outcome of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for early-stage (cT1-2 cN0 M0) squamous cell @entity189 , as compared with @entity1 treated with conventional radiotherapy. METHODS: Between November 2007 and December 2011, 40 consecutive @entity1 were treated with IMRT with daily cone-beam CT position verification. The median prescription to the planning target volume ( @entity343 ) was 63 Gy/28 fractions and 67.5 Gy/30 fractions for T1 and T2 @entity5 , respectively. The historical control comprised 81 consecutive @entity1 treated with conventional radiotherapy to total doses of 66 Gy/33 fractions (66 @entity1 ) and 70 Gy/35 fractions (15 @entity1 ) for T1 and T2 @entity5 , respectively. RESULTS: The median follow-up of living @entity1 was 3.8 years (range, 1.0-5.0 years) in the IMRT group and 9.0 years, (range, 5.2-12.7 years) in the conventional group. Five-year actuarial local control was equal compared to the conventional group: 83% versus 74% (p = .64). Five-year actuarial ultimate local control was 100% in the IMRT group and 95% in the conventional group (p = .17). Five-year actuarial overall and disease-specific survival was 85% after IMRT versus 65% after conventional radiotherapy (p = .15) and 97% versus 89% (p = .31), respectively. Incidence and severity of @entity1909 was significantly less during IMRT than in the control group (p < .001). Two @entity1 receiving IMRT had late grade 3 hoarseness. CONCLUSION: IMRT is as efficient as conventional radiotherapy in terms of disease control and overall survival. It has the potential to reduce @entity137 as compared to conventional radiotherapy.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E179-E184, 2016.

title: Intensity-modulated radiotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the glottis']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['acute dermatitis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['early-stage glottic cancer']


abstract: @entity245 ( @entity245 ) refers to how rapidly an individual devalues goods based on delays to receipt. @entity245 usually is considered a trait variable but can be state dependent, yet few studies have assessed commodity valuation at short, naturalistically relevant time intervals that might enable state-dependent analysis. This study aimed to determine whether @entity734 and intelligence influence @entity4521 @entity245 at short (ecologically relevant) delays during two pharmacological states ( @entity4521 satiation and withdrawal). Out-of-treatment, intensive @entity4521 users (n = 170; 53.5% African American; 66.7% male) provided complete @entity245 data during imagined @entity4521 satiation and withdrawal. Delays were 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours; maximum delayed @entity4521 amount was thirty  10 bags. Indifference points were used to calculate area under the curve (AUC). We also assessed @entity734 (subscales from the Impulsive Relapse Questionnaire [IRQ]) and estimated intelligence (Shipley IQ) as predictors of @entity245 . @entity4521 discounting was greater (smaller AUC) during withdrawal than satiation. In regression analyses, lower intelligence and IRQ Capacity for Delay as well as higher IRQ Speed (to return to drug use) predicted greater @entity4521 discounting in the satiation condition. Lower intelligence and higher IRQ Speed predicted greater discounting in the @entity3347 . Sex, race, substance use variables, and other IRQ subscales were not significantly related to the withdrawal or satiation @entity245 behavior. In summary, @entity4521 discounting was temporally rapid, pharmacologically state dependent, and predicted by @entity734 and estimated intelligence. These findings highlight a novel and sensitive measure of acute @entity245 that is easy to administer. (PsycINFO Database Record

title: @entity4521 delay discounting: Modulation by pharmacological state, XXXX , and intelligence.

entities_list: @entity4521 :: ('MESH:D003932', 'Chemical') :: ['Heroin', 'heroin']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['Delay discounting', 'DD']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug-use impulsivity']

entities_list: @entity3347 :: ('MESH:D013375', 'Disease') :: ['withdrawal condition']

answer: @entity734 :: (MESH:D019966,Disease) :: ['drug-use impulsivity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between cognitive ability in childhood and mid-life @entity73 in the normal population. DESIGN: Longitudinal, population based, birth cohort study. @entity1 : 2058 @entity1 and @entity1 born in 1946. MAIN STUDY MEASURES: Ability in childhood measured by AH4 and test of verbal comprehension at age 15 years. Ability in adulthood measured by the national adult reading test (NART) at age 53 years. Outcome measures were decline in memory (word list learning) and speed and concentration (timed visual search) from age 43 to 53 years. RESULTS: Ability in childhood was significantly and negatively associated with decline in memory (beta = 0.09, P = 0.005, for @entity1 ; 0.10, P < 0.001, for @entity1 ) and search speed (beta = 0.13, P < 0.001, for @entity1 ; 0.08, P = 0.01, for @entity1 ), independent of educational attainment, occupational social class, and a range of health indicators. The adult reading test was also significantly and negatively associated with decline in these outcomes (for memory beta = 0.21, P < 0.001, for @entity1 ; 0.17, P < 0.001, for @entity1 ; and for search speed beta = -0.05 for @entity1 ; 0.10, P = 0.008 for @entity1 ) independent of educational attainment, social class, and childhood ability. CONCLUSIONS: Ability in childhood can protect against @entity73 in mid-life and beyond. Results for the adult reading test indicate that the protective effect of ability may also be acquired in adulthood.

title: @entity73 in childhood and XXXX in mid-life: longitudinal birth cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive decline']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mortality outcomes of @entity242 in a large cohort compared with @entity1544 . METHODS: @entity1 with primary invasive @entity242 , @entity957 , and @entity420 diagnosed between 1988 and 2010 were identified within the National @entity5 Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Parametric and nonparametric methods were used to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of @entity1 among the three @entity5 types as well as between @entity242 histologic subtypes. Overall and @entity5 -specific mortality outcomes were examined using Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: The final cohort consisted of 3,121 @entity1 with @entity957 , 720 @entity1 with @entity420 , and 221 @entity1 with @entity242 . Compared with @entity1 with @entity957 and @entity420 , @entity1 diagnosed with @entity242 tended to be younger, have @entity5 with less regional extension and lymph node positivity, and be treated primarily with surgery without radiation. In unadjusted analysis, 5-year mortality rates border 30% for all three histologies. After adjusting for other prognostic factors including use of radiation and surgery, @entity1 with @entity242 had a 69% greater risk of @entity5 -related mortality compared with @entity1 with @entity957 (hazard ratio 1.69, 95% confidence interval 1.26-2.26). Although @entity242 histology failed to associate with mortality risk, age, @entity5 extension and @entity3 , and surgery were poor prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: Primary @entity242 are @entity146 with different presenting characteristics and increased adjusted risk of mortality compared with squamous cell and @entity420 subtypes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.

title: Comparing mortality of XXXX , @entity957 , and @entity420 in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma', 'vaginal sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Cancer', 'larger tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal squamous cell carcinoma', 'squamous cell carcinoma', 'squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal squamous cell and adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas', 'adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['vaginal sarcoma']


abstract: Allograft vasculopathy (AV) causes intimal thickening with progressive @entity3885 , @entity409 , and abnormal vasomotion. Subendocardial vacuolization indicating ongoing @entity63 was observed at autopsy in transplanted hearts with severe AV. Whether myocyte vacuolization can be observed with lesser degrees of AV in cardia transplant @entity1 has not been reported. Thirty-nine cardiac transplant @entity1 without flow-limiting disease in large epicardial arteries underwent invasive assessment of AV. Eight to 10 segments of the left anterior descending artery were analyzed by intracoronary ultrasound, and an average intimal index was calculated. Endothelial response to @entity934 was assessed with serial quantitative angiography. Endomyocardial biopsies taken 5 to 7 days prior to the invasive studies were histopathologically reviewed for the presence of small intramyocardial arteries and myocyte vacuolization. Myocyte vacuolization was evident in biopsies from 20 @entity1 (51%). Intramyocardial arteries were observed in 30 cases (76%); 14 had abnormal arteries. All @entity1 had some degree of intimal thickening by intracoronary ultrasound, and 7 (17 %) had severely abnormal average intimal index (>0.2). @entity409 was present in 23 @entity1 (58%). Vacuolization failed to show an association with abnormal small artery histology or large epicardial artery ultrasound disease. However, a significant association between vacuolization and @entity409 was observed (p = 0.05). Myocyte vacuolization, possibly indicating @entity63 , is common in biopsies from cardiac transplant @entity1 and is associated with abnormal @entity934 response in large epicardial arteries. We speculate that myocyte vacuolization may be caused at least in part by impaired coronary flow associated with @entity409 .

title: Myocardial vacuolization, a marker of XXXX , in surveillance cardiac biopsies posttransplant: Correlations with morphologic vascular disease and @entity409 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic injury', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction', 'Endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['luminal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic injury']


abstract: AIM OF THE STUDY: The possible mutagenic and antimutagenic activity of neem oil (NO) and its @entity3733 extract (NDE) were, examined in the Ames @entity2491 /microsome mutagenicity test and the @entity19 bone marrow micronucleus assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight different strains of @entity2491 were, used to study the genotoxicity of neem oil both in the presence and absence of @entity14774 induced @entity35 liver homogenate (S9). Two-dose treatment protocol was, employed to study the cytogenetic activity in micronucleus assay. Similarly, the antimutagenic activity of neem oil and NDE was studied against @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) and @entity3653 ( @entity106 ) in the above two test systems. RESULTS: Neem oil was non-mutagenic in all the eight tester strains of @entity2491 both in the presence and absence of S9 mix. In the present study, there was no significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) in neem oil treated groups over the negative control ( @entity3733 ) group of animals, indicating the non-clastogenic activity of neem oil in the micronucleus test. Neem oil showed good antimutagenic activity against @entity106 induced mutagenicity compared to its @entity3733 extract. However, neem oil showed comparatively less antimutagenicity against MMC in the Ames assay. In vivo anticlastogenic assays shows that neem oil exhibited better activity against @entity106 induced clastogenicity. CONCLUSION: These results indicate non-mutagenic activity of neem oil and significant antimutagenic activity of neem oil suggesting its pharmacological importance for the prevention of @entity5 .

title: Evaluation of mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of neem (Azadirachta indica) seed oil in the in vitro Ames @entity2491 /microsome assay and in vivo XXXX bone marrow micronucleus test.

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella', 'Salmonella typhimurium']

entities_list: @entity3653 :: ('CHEBI:254496', 'Chemical') :: ['7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: In 18 @entity35 , the left sciatic nerve was divided at the mid-femur level. Seven to 9 days later, microfilament recordings were made from the ipsilateral L-5 ventral root. Spontaneous activity in the ventral root, ranging from 0.1 to 6.1 Hz, was recorded in 12 of the 18 animals. Conduction velocity determinations showed this activity to be in @entity5543 and A-delta fibers. Recordings in 10 normal L-5 ventral roots from five control @entity35 showed no spontaneous activity. In the @entity35 with sciatic nerve division, the ongoing discharge appeared to originate in the cut end of the nerve since mechanical stimulation of the @entity2950 produced synchronous ventral root activity. Furthermore, cooling of the @entity2950 inhibited the spontaneous discharge, whereas with rewarming it returned. Spontaneous ventral root activity was also increased by systemic application of @entity1425 . This activity was qualitatively similar to spontaneous activity that has been recorded in dorsal root microfilaments after @entity1897 . The observation of an ongoing discharge in potentially nociceptive ventral root axons subsequent to @entity128 may be relevant to the mechanism of @entity1118 of peripheral origin.

title: Spontaneous activity of ventral root axons following XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1897 :: (MESH:D010523,Disease) :: ['peripheral nerve injury']


abstract: Fluorescently labeled heavy meromyosin, @entity8859 , and @entity10274 were used to localize actin, @entity8859 , and @entity10274 , respectively, in permeabilized and living cells during the process of stress fiber reassembly, which occurred when cells were removed from @entity855 -depleting medium (20 mM @entity4627 and 10 mM @entity897 ). In 80% of the cells recovering from @entity855 depletion, small, scattered plaques containing actin, @entity8859 , and @entity10274 were replaced by long, thin, periodic fibers within 5 minutes of removal of the inhibitors. These nascent stress fibers grew broader as recovery progressed, until they attained the thickness of stress fibers in control cells. In the other 20% of the cells, the scattered plaques aggregated within 5 minutes of reversal, and almost all the actin, @entity8859 , and @entity10274 in the cells became localized in one perinuclear aggregate, with a diameter of approximately 15-25 micron. As recovery progressed, all aggregates resembled rings, with diameters that increased at about 0.5 micron/minute and grew to as large as 70 micron in some giant cells. As the size of the rings increased, fibers radiated outward from them and sometimes spanned the diameter of the rings. The shape of the cells did not change during this time. By 1 hour after reversal, the rings were no longer present and all cells had networks of stress fibers. Indirect immunofluorescence techniques used to localize tubulin and @entity2277 indicated that microtubules and intermediate filaments were not constituents of the rings, and the rings were not closely apposed to the substrate, judging from reflection contrast optics. The rapid rearrangement of attachment plaques into a perinuclear aggregate that spreads radially in the cytoplasm occurs at the same speed as fibroblast and chromosomal movement, but is unlike other types of intracytoplasmic motility.

title: Stress fiber reformation after XXXX depletion.

entities_list: @entity4627 :: ('MESH:D019810', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium azide']

entities_list: @entity897 :: ('MESH:D003847', 'Chemical') :: ['2-deoxyglucose']

answer: @entity855 :: (MESH:D000255,Chemical) :: ['ATP']


abstract: The presence of a family history of @entity726 is a known risk factor for @entity725 ( @entity725 ) in middle-aged and older individuals. In this study, our aim was to demonstrate possible early @entity2342 in young first- and second-degree relatives of @entity725 @entity1 by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. A total of 104 @entity1 (52 relatives of @entity725 @entity1 and 52 healthy individuals) were recruited in this cross-sectional study. All the @entity1 were between 17 years and 45 years of age. All eyes underwent testing with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, hemifield macular thickness, @entity1020 cell complex thickness, posterior pole asymmetry analysis, and retinal arteriolar caliber measurements were taken for comparison between the study and control groups. The mean peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was 104.9    8.8  m in the study group and 105.6    7.4  m in the control group (p = 0.68). Although whole macular thickness measurements were higher in the control group when compared with the study group (p = 0.008), the @entity1020 cell complex thickness was similar in both groups (p = 0.87). The posterior pole asymmetry analysis revealed no statistically significant difference between the groups in the aspect of consecutive black squares (p = 0.79). The mean retinal arteriolar caliber was 85.9    4.8  m in the study group and 86.0    5.0  m in the control group (p = 0.90). In conclusion, young relatives of @entity725 @entity1 do not show characteristic @entity16 when compared with the controls.

title: Posterior pole asymmetry analysis and retinal thickness measurements in young relatives of XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity725 :: ('MESH:C562750', 'Disease') :: ['primary open-angle glaucoma', 'POAG']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous damage']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular ganglion']

entities_list: @entity2342 :: ('MESH:D004408', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous alterations']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity888 ( @entity7865 ) is an addictive drug that can cause @entity137 and @entity75 . Several pieces of evidence have demonstrated that @entity7865 @entity137 results in increases in oxidative stress that regulate an intracellular signaling cascade that leads to cell death. Recently, several studies have emphasized that the overload of cytosolic @entity460 levels and mitochondrial fission into a small mitochondrial structure is involved in cell death processes. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of @entity7865 @entity137 on cytosolic @entity460 overload and mitochondrial fission in @entity521 SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, the protective effect of @entity2493 against @entity7865 -induced @entity137 was also investigated. The results of the present study demonstrated that @entity7865 significantly decreases cell viability and increases the levels of mitochondrial fission ( @entity71777 and @entity24893 ) proteins and pro-apoptotic protein, @entity589 in isolated mitochondria. The levels of @entity24893 in the cytosol of @entity7865 -treated cells had no significant differences compared to the control untreated cells. @entity7865 also significantly increased the cytosolic @entity460 levels. @entity2493 reversed the toxic effects of @entity7865 by restoring cell viability and inhibiting the increase in mitochondrial @entity71777 levels and the mitochondrial translocation of @entity24893 and @entity589 . Additionally, @entity2493 was able to reduce the @entity7865 -induced increase in cytosolic @entity460 levels and fragmented mitochondria into small globular structures in SH-SY5Y cells. The results of the present study demonstrate the potential abilities of @entity2493 to maintain the homeostasis of mitochondrial dynamics and cytosolic @entity460 levels in @entity7865 -induced @entity137 in neuronal cells.

title: @entity2493 attenuates the mitochondrial translocation of mitochondrial fission proteins and XXXX , cytosolic @entity460 overload and cell death in @entity888 -induced @entity137 in @entity521 SH-SY5Y cells.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity888 :: ('MESH:D008694', 'Chemical') :: ['Methamphetamine']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['degeneration in the brain']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['Melatonin', 'melatonin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity589 :: (581,Gene) :: ['Bax']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: To report on the prevalence of @entity29 ( @entity29 ) related @entity1944 and @entity5 in northwestern Greece. @entity1 AND METHODS: Single referral center retrospective study. The policy among all gastroenterologists of the area regarding medical treatment, @entity1 follow up and bowel surveillance strategies including risk factors is the same. RESULTS: We analyzed 1494 colonoscopies from 696 consecutive @entity29 @entity1 (494 UC). The follow up time [median, IQR] was 16 [8-23] years and the age at diagnosis was 28 [21-49] years. The number of @entity1 years at risk was 16.219. Disease location for UC was: pancolitis 761 (59%), @entity1960 455 (35%), and @entity4272 69 (6%). Disease location for @entity1050 was: colitis 142 (66%), @entity13570 45 (22%) and @entity30 21 (10%). Disease activity was in remission in 1240 (83%) of them. In total, 498 (72%) @entity1 were on @entity2983 , 169(24%) on immunosuppression and 29 (4%) on biologicals. Biopsies were taken randomly in 1429 (96%) endoscopies and were targeted in 65 (4%) of them. We recorded 69 (9.4%) cases with @entity1141 and 10 (1.4%) cases with @entity5 (9 in UC). No difference was found for @entity1141 and @entity5 in @entity1 who followed up for 10-20 years or for more than 20 years. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of @entity1141 and @entity5 is increased in UC compared to @entity1050 but the prevalence of high-grade @entity1141 is comparatively low. @entity5 prevalence is increasing after the first decade and then practically remains stable.

title: Prevalence of @entity29 related @entity1141 and XXXX in 1500 colonoscopies from a referral center in northwestern Greece.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Intestinal cancer', 'cancer', 'intestinal cancer']

entities_list: @entity4272 :: ('MESH:D011349', 'Disease') :: ['proctitis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity1960 :: ('MESH:D003092', 'Disease') :: ['left sided colitis']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['ileocolitis']

entities_list: @entity2983 :: ('MESH:D019804', 'Chemical') :: ['mesalazine']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: This in vitro study investigated the @entity174 resistance of endodontically treated premolars restored using @entity16971 - or @entity11379 -based composite along with or without fiber or nano-ionomer base. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-six intact maxillary premolars were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 12). G1 (negative control) was the intact teeth. In Groups 2-8, root canal treatment with mesio-occlusodistal preparation was performed. G2 (positive control) was kept unrestored. The other groups were restored using composite resin as follows: G3, @entity11379 -based composite (Z250); G4, @entity11379 composite (Z250) with @entity691 fiber; G5 and G6, @entity16971 -based composite (Filtek P90) without and with the fiber, respectively; G7 and G8, @entity11379 - and @entity16971 -based composite with nano-ionomer base, respectively. After aging period and thermocycling for 1000 cycles, @entity174 strength was tested and @entity174 patterns were inspected. The results were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests (a=0.05). RESULTS: Mean @entity174 resistance for the eight groups (in Newton) were G1: 1200    169(a), G2: 360    93(b), G3: 632    196(c), G4: 692    195(c), G5: 917    159(d), G6: 1013    125(ad), G7: 959    148(d), G8: 947    105(d) (different superscript letters revealed significant difference among groups). Most of the @entity174 in all the groups were restorable, except Group 3. CONCLUSION: @entity16971 -based composite revealed significantly higher strength of the restored premolars compared to that of @entity11379 one. Fiber insertion demonstrated no additional effect on the strength of both composite restorations; however, it increased the prevalence of restorable @entity174 of @entity11379 -based composite restored teeth. Using nano-ionomer base under @entity11379 -based composite had a positive effect on @entity174 resistance and pattern. Only fiber-reinforced @entity16971 composite restoration resulted in a strength similar to that of the intact teeth.

title: XXXX resistance of endodontically treated maxillary premolars restored by @entity16971 -based composite with or without fiber or nano-ionomer.

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity11379 :: ('CHEBI:25218', 'Chemical') :: ['methacrylate']

entities_list: @entity16971 :: ('MESH:D062047', 'Chemical') :: ['silorane', 'Silorane']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Fracture']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5157 venom (BV) has been used as a traditional medicine to treat @entity625 , @entity627 , back @entity158 , @entity5 , and @entity272 . However, the effects of BV on the @entity694 and their action mechanisms have not been reported yet. We used cell viability assay and soft agar colony formation assay for testing cell viability, electro mobility shift assay for detecting DNA binding activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) and Western blotting assay for detection of apoptosis regulatory proteins. We found that BV inhibited growth of @entity694 cells through induction of apoptosis. We also found that the expression of death receptor (DR) 4, DR5, p53, p21, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-8, and cleaved caspase-9 was increased by BV treatment in a dose dependent manner (0-5  g/ml). Consistent with @entity5 cell growth inhibition, the DNA binding activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) was also inhibited by BV treatment. Besides, we found that BV blocked NF-kB activation by directly binding to NF-kB @entity73321 subunit. Moreover, combination treatment with BV and @entity73321 siRNA or NF-kB inhibitor augmented BV-induced cell growth inhibition. However, @entity73321 mutant plasmid ( @entity73322 ) transfection partially abolished BV-induced cell growth inhibiton. In addition, BV significantly suppressed @entity5 growth in vivo. Therefore, these results suggested that BV could inhibit @entity694 cell growth, and these anti-proliferative effects may be related to the induction of apoptosis by activation of DR4 and DR5 and inhibition of NF-kB.

title: Anti- @entity5 effect of XXXX venom on @entity694 cell growth by activation of death receptors and inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B.

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatism']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'cancerous tumors']

entities_list: @entity73322 :: ('p|SUB|C|62|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['C62S']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin diseases']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity5157 :: (7460,Species) :: ['bee']


abstract: The effects of subinhibitory concentrations of different @entity3405 antibiotics and one @entity1536 on the sedimentation of outer membranes (OMs) of @entity526 and on the qualitative properties and immunogenicity of OM components were studied. Membranes were prepared by osmotic lysis of plasmolyzed bacteria. OM and cytoplasmic membrane vesicles were separated by @entity969 density ultracentrifugation. Two peaks of OM vesicles with different buoyant densities could be isolated; the quantitative contribution of these to the total OM varied, depending upon the growth phase. In early log phase, the OM consisted mainly of lighter material; in late log and stationary phases, the OM consisted mainly of heavier material. @entity3399 , imipenem, and @entity2177 inhibited the formation of heavier material in all growth phases. The immunogenicity of OM vesicles was tested in @entity19 by the hemolytic plaque test. The lighter OM material was markedly less immunogenic than the heavier OM material. The vesicles from antibiotic-treated bacteria and those from early-log-phase cells were less immunogenic than vesicles from untreated late-log-phase and stationary-phase bacteria. These changes were found for the immune response against lipopolysaccharides, as well as against OM proteins. Thus, the immunogenicity of OM components seems to be dependent upon the quantitative composition of lighter and heavier compounds, which is strongly influenced by growth phase and treatment with certain antibiotics.

title: Influence of @entity3405 antibiotics and XXXX on composition and immunogenicity of @entity526 outer membrane.

entities_list: @entity3405 :: ('CHEBI:35627', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactam']

entities_list: @entity3399 :: ('MESH:D009070', 'Chemical') :: ['Moxalactam']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity1536 :: ('CHEBI:23765', 'Chemical') :: ['quinolone']

answer: @entity2177 :: (MESH:D002939,Chemical) :: ['ciprofloxacin']


abstract: Electron microscopy (EM) is being used to study the ultrastructural basis for the age-dependent reorganization of afferents in the olfactory cortex (OC) of @entity35 after deafferentation of the area by removal of the ipsilateral olfactory bulb (OB). The double-lesion technique was used with a @entity75 of the OB at various @entity16843 ( @entity16843 ) ages between @entity16843 0 and 30 and in the adult ( @entity16843 100). After appropriate survival times to remove @entity75 , a second lesion was placed in the ipsilateral OC. One to 3 days later the tissue is prepared for EM with emphasis on a study of changes in the superficial and deep dendritic layer (Ia and Ib respectively) rostral to the lesion. In control litter mates with both OBs intact, but with a single OC lesion only, degenerating synaptic terminals occur onto dendritic spines and branches only in deeper Ib. However, in adults with @entity75 at @entity16843 0-9, OC lesions produce degenerating terminals throughout Ia and Ib including immediately subjacent to the pia. In Ia degenerating terminals are greatly reduced in the @entity16843 13 group and rare to absent in experiments with @entity75 at older ages ( @entity16843 30-100). Electron-dense debris within glia occurs throughout layer I in each double-lesion group but is greatest in experiments with @entity75 at older ages. Some transsynaptic alterations are seen throughout, especially in the @entity16843 30-100 group even at a distance from the OC lesion. The results support earlier light microscopic (LM) findings, suggesting @entity16843 9-13 as critical ages for developmental plasticity and prove that at least in the younger ages, synapses are involved in the phenomenon. This may be explained by either reinnervation of deafferented sites or persistence of synapses that would otherwise have been eliminated by afferents from the OB. In addition, some of the LM degeneration particles probably are engulfed masses of debris and not synaptic structures, especially in cases which were operated at older ages and survived for 3 days. The various afferent pathways involved in the events as well as factors that limit the phenomenon in older ages are discussed.

title: Electron microscopy of plasticity in XXXX olfactory cortex.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['OB lesions', 'initial lesion-degenerated terminals from the OB lesion', 'primary lesion']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: New targets and approaches are under investigation for the treatment of nonmuscle invasive @entity150 (NMIBC). Preclinical data suggest @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ) as a promising target. @entity12698 , a @entity3840 selective inhibitor, inhibits @entity5 development and enhances survival, both in vitro and in vivo models of @entity150 . Therefore, we conducted a pilot study of @entity12698 to prevent recurrence in @entity1 with intermediate risk NMIBC. METHODS: Treatment with @entity12698 was administered orally for 12 months and compared with a contemporary series of @entity1 treated with intravesical @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ), given weekly for 4 weeks and then monthly for 11 months. Primary endpoints were time to first recurrence and adverse events. RESULTS: From 2003 through 2006, 58 @entity1 were treated with @entity12698 and compared with 66 @entity1 receiving @entity1139 . After a median follow up of 75 months, 49 @entity1 were disease free, including 23 (34.85%) in the @entity1139 group and 26 (44.8%) in the @entity12698 group. Median disease-free interval was 67 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 35.8 to NA] versus 41 months (95% CI 27.1-67.1; log-rank p = 0.25) for @entity1 treated with @entity1139 and @entity12698 , respectively. In the multivariate analysis, treatment was not found to be an independent predictor for recurrence [hazard ratio (HR) 0.76, 95% CI 0.47-1.22, p = 0.25). Overall, 45 AEs were recorded in 35/124 @entity1 . There were no differences between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our data support a clinical benefit of @entity12698 and encourage future trials in which @entity3840 inhibitors may be tested in selected @entity1 with NMIBC.

title: @entity12698 for the prevention of nonmuscle invasive XXXX : results from a matched control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['celecoxib', 'Celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between @entity102 and health risk behaviors and self-perceived health status by gender. METHODS: A total of 39.821 adults (30+ years old) who participated in the system Vigil  ncia de Fatores de Risco e Prote    o para Doen  as Cr  nicas por Inqu  rito Telef  nico (VIGITEL--Telephone-Based Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for @entity102 ) carried out in 27 Brazilian capitals in 2006 were included in the study. The dependent variable was medical diagnosis reporting of @entity6 , @entity101 and @entity583 or @entity64 . Respondents were grouped into three categories: no disease; one @entity102 ; and two or more. The associations between the dependent variable and sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral risk factors (smoking, consumption of fatty meat and whole milk, leisure-time physical inactivity, low fruit and vegetable intake and intake of added salt) and self-perceived health status were assessed in @entity1 and @entity1 using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: @entity102 reporting was higher among older @entity1 and @entity1 with lower schooling, BMI > or = 30 kg/m2 and who were on a diet. There was an inverse association between number of risk behaviors and two or more @entity102 (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.54;0.76 among @entity1 and OR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.77;0.97 among @entity1 ). Those @entity1 (OR: 33.61; 95% CI: 15.70;71.93) and @entity1 (OR: 13.02; 95% CI: 6.86; 24.73) who self-perceived their health as poor reported more @entity102 . There was no statistical interaction between self-perceived health status and gender. CONCLUSIONS: An inverse association between number of risk behaviors and reporting of two or more @entity102 suggests a reverse causality and/or higher survival rates among those who take better care of themselves. @entity1 seem to have poorer perception of their health status compared to @entity1 , after adjustment for confounders.

title: XXXX , self-perceived health status and health risk behaviors: gender differences.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease', 'Chronic disease', 'Chronic Diseases', 'chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarct']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['Chronic diseases']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The prevalence of @entity3119 in subjects with @entity914 is much higher than in the general population. The higher than chance co-occurrence has also been demonstrated at the level of subclinical expression of both phenotypes. Both extended phenotypes have been shown to cluster in families. However, little is known about the origins of their elevated co-occurrence. In the present study, evidence for a shared etiological mechanism was investigated in 3 samples with decreasing levels of @entity716 liability: 987 @entity1 , 973 of their unaffected siblings and 566 healthy controls. The association between the obsessive-compulsive phenotype and the @entity716 phenotype c.q. @entity716 liability was investigated. First, the association was assessed between (subclinical) @entity3119 and @entity716 liability. Second, in a cross-sib cross-trait analysis, it was examined whether (subclinical) @entity3119 in the @entity1 were associated with (subclinical) @entity716 in the related unaffected sibling. Evidence was found for both associations, which is compatible with a partially shared etiological pathway underlying @entity3119 . This is the first study that used a cross-sib cross-trait design in @entity1 and unaffected siblings, thus circumventing confounding by disease-related factors present in clinical samples.

title: Evidence for a Shared Etiological Mechanism of Psychotic Symptoms and XXXX in @entity1 with @entity914 and Their Siblings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['obsessive-compulsive symptoms', 'obsessive-compulsive disorder', 'obsessive-compulsive and psychotic disorder']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic symptoms', 'familial psychosis', 'psychosis']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorder']

answer: @entity3119 :: (MESH:D009771,Disease) :: ['Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms']


abstract: Twelve consecutive @entity1 who developed @entity1166 (polymorphous @entity1165 with marked @entity1162 , @entity42245 ) over a 4 year period were treated with intravenous injections of @entity2399 . In nine of the @entity1 a single bolus of 2 g completely abolished the @entity42245 within 1 to 5 min, and in three others complete abolition of the @entity42245 was achieved after a second bolus was given 5 to 15 min later. Nine of the @entity1 also received continuous infusion of @entity2400 (3 to 20 mg/min) for 7 to 48 hr until the QT interval was below 0.50 sec. In nine of the 12 @entity1 the @entity42245 was induced by antiarrhythmic agents. The QT interval preceding @entity42245 ranged from 0.54 to 0.72 sec. After the @entity2400 bolus, which prevented the recurrence of @entity42245 , no significant changes were observed in the QT interval. There were no side effects of this treatment. In eight of the 12 @entity1 @entity972 levels before the @entity42245 were below 3.5 meq/liter; @entity1760 levels were available in eight @entity1 before @entity42245 , and were normal in all. Five additional @entity1 with polymorphous @entity1165 but normal QT intervals (non- @entity42245 @entity1 ) received two to three boluses of @entity2400 . This treatment was ineffective in all, but they responded to conventional antiarrhythmic therapy. Thus, @entity2400 is a very effective and safe treatment for @entity42245 , and its application is rapid and simple. Its use is therefore recommended as the first line of therapy for @entity42245 .

title: Treatment of @entity1166 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2399 :: ('MESH:D008278', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium sulfate']

entities_list: @entity1166 :: ('MESH:D016171', 'Disease') :: ['torsade de pointes']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['QT prolongation']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity2399 :: (MESH:D008278,Chemical) :: ['magnesium sulfate']


abstract: The change of immunoglobulin heavy (H) chain gene configuration during the differentiation of B cells from their early precursors was investigated in long-term cultures of bone marrow cells (LTBC). Hemopoietic stem cells are maintained in LTBC described by Dexter et al. (J. Cell. Physiol. 1977. 91: 335; LTBC-D), which supports the differentiation of myeloid lineage cells but not B lineage cells. By simply shifting the culture condition to that devised by Whitlock and Witte (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1982. 79: 3608; LTBC-B) to support the development of B lineage cells, surface IgM-bearing (sIgM+) B cells became detectable by the 2nd week after the shift and the number quickly increased thereafter, while the number of polymorphonuclear cells and granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cell (CFU-c) decreased rapidly. H chain gene configuration of the developing cells in the culture was examined by Southern blot analysis of Eco RI-digested DNA with a @entity12808 probe. Whereas rearranged @entity12808 gene configuration was not detectable in the DNA from LTBC-D cells, it first appeared 2 weeks after the shift, and the level of the rearrangement rapidly increased thereafter as the intensity of @entity12808 band of germ-line configuration decreased. Almost all the cells in the culture had undergone H chain gene rearrangement in both chromosomes by the 6th week after the shift. During 2 to 4 weeks after the shift, a cluster of bands spanning around 4.5-5.5 kb appeared dominant among the rearranged configurations of @entity12808 gene and then it decreased in intensity as the pattern of @entity12808 band became a more homogeneous smear. The distribution of rearranged @entity12808 bands observed during 3-4 weeks after the shift was strikingly similar to that observed in normal spleen B cells. By semi-quantitative analysis of the intensity of @entity12808 and DSP2 bands remaining in germ-line configuration, it was found that the loss of germ-line @entity12808 band was far more rapid than that of germ-line DSP2 bands in the developing B cells in vitro. This result is consistent with the conclusion obtained in B cell tumor lines that D to J assembly occurred first and was followed by V to DJ assembly in this culture system. Taken together, it is likely that the process of H chain gene diversification in this culture system may represent the actual process during B cell differentiation in vivo. Differentiative capacity of bone marrow stem cells from @entity19 with @entity466 ( @entity466 ) was also analyzed in the same culture system.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Immunoglobulin heavy chain gene diversification in the long-term bone marrow culture of normal XXXX and @entity19 with @entity466 .

entities_list: @entity466 :: ('MESH:D016511', 'Disease') :: ['severe combined immunodeficiency', 'SCID']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The management of @entity834 after either laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LGBP) or laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) remains a burden. Various options are available for the treatment of these leaks. A newer and less invasive option for the treatment of leaks is the use of endoluminal stents. The main drawback for this treatment is stent migration. The current study describes the outcome of a new, specifically designed stent for the treatment of @entity834 after bariatric surgery. METHODS: For this retrospective observational study, the medical charts of @entity1 undergoing bariatric surgery between October 1, 2010 and July 1, 2013 were reviewed. All @entity1 with @entity834 , treated with the bariatric Hanarostent, were included. RESULTS: Twelve @entity1 were included out of a total of 1702 bariatric @entity1 in the described period. Seven had a leakage after LSG, five after LGBP. An average of 2.4 endoscopic procedures and 1.25 stents were used per @entity1 . Successful treatment was seen in nine out of 12 @entity1 (75  %). Most common complication was dislocation or migration of the stent, occurring in eight @entity1 (66.7  %). CONCLUSIONS: The ECBB Hanarostent  , which was specifically designed for post bariatric leakages, shows equal but not favorable success rates in this small series compared to previous reports on other types of stenting techniques. Despite the stent design, the complication rate is not reduced and the main future goal should be to target the high stent migration rate.

title: A Specifically Designed Stent for XXXX after Bariatric Surgery: Experiences in a Tertiary Referral Hospital.

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leakage', 'anastomotic leaks']

answer: @entity834 :: (MESH:D057868,Disease) :: ['Anastomotic Leaks']


abstract: This report investigates an outbreak of acute @entity344 , microbiologically and epidemiologically linked to an aged-care facility and seeks to determine if there was a point source of @entity281 . A register of cases that included onset date and time of illness and symptoms was maintained by nursing staff. Faecal specimens were tested for conventional gastrointestinal pathogens and for @entity1 calicivirus (HuCV). There were 81 cases reported. Specimens were received for testing from 25 cases. Twenty-three of the 25 (92%) specimens were positive for HuCV RNA by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The 2 negative samples contained RT-PCR inhibitors. Descriptive epidemiology suggested that staffing practices were important in prolonging the outbreak. No point source of @entity281 was identified. Instead environmental contamination, aerosol transmission and work practices that fail to take account of the natural history of @entity70617 probably contributed to the size (81 cases) and duration (3 weeks) of this outbreak among the residents, staff and visitors of an aged-care facility and their contacts. Institutional outbreaks caused by HuCV, formerly called Norwalk-like or small round structured viruses, are extremely difficult to control. Infected staff may contribute significantly to the amplification of outbreaks. Rapid confirmation of @entity70617 is now routinely possible using polymerase chain reaction diagnostics but progress in laboratory technology has not yet translated into faster or more effective interventions.

title: A large, prolonged outbreak of @entity1 XXXX linked to an aged-care facility.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity70617 :: ('MESH:D017250', 'Disease') :: ['HuCV infection']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal illness']

answer: @entity70617 :: (MESH:D017250,Disease) :: ['calicivirus infection']


abstract: A 43-year-old female with @entity454 secondary to focal segmental @entity631 was admitted to the hospital for @entity1353 after missing hemodialysis. On admission, the @entity1 was noted to have painful @entity272 consistent with @entity13375 on biopsy. While undergoing aggressive wound care, she developed @entity1032 and was found to be septic and started empirically on broad-spectrum antibiotics. The @entity1 was intubated on day 4 of admission owing to worsening mental status and @entity2185 . She had persistent positive blood cultures throughout her hospitalization despite appropriate antibiotic therapy. On day 25 of admission, the @entity1 was found to have @entity1661 . A radiograph revealed intra-abdominal free air, and the @entity1 was taken to the operating room where she was found to have perforated @entity39 bowel. The @entity1 expired on day 26 of admission. An autopsy revealed @entity13375 within the gut wall and within the dura of the central nervous system. While typically a disorder of subcutaneous tissue, @entity13375 can affect internal organs, which in this case resulted in a catastrophic outcome.

title: Abdominal catastrophe in a 43-year-old female with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['altered mental status']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['shortness of breath']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal distension']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity13375 :: ('MESH:D002115', 'Disease') :: ['calciphylaxis']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity454 :: (MESH:D007676,Disease) :: ['end stage renal disease']


abstract: @entity4008 causes @entity16 in up to 50% of survivors. Two pathogens known for their propensity to cause severe @entity16 are @entity328 and group B streptococci. Some forms of neuronal sequelae, such as @entity4207 , have been associated with @entity528 in the hippocampus. To learn more about hippocampal injury in @entity693 , we performed a comparative study in @entity4008 due to @entity2260 and group B @entity328 , in which 11-day-old @entity1 @entity35 were infected intracisternally with either of the two pathogens. Histopathological examination of the @entity528 in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus showed that @entity2260 caused predominantly classical apoptotic cell death. Cells undergoing apoptosis were located only in the subgranular zone and stained positive for activated @entity522 and TUNEL. Furthermore, dividing progenitor cells seemed particularly sensitive to this form of cell death. Group B @entity328 was mainly responsible for a @entity522 -independent (and TUNEL-negative) form of cell death. Compared with the morphological features found in apoptosis (e.g., apoptotic bodies), this form of @entity528 was characterized by clusters of uniformly shrunken cells. It affected the dentate gyrus throughout the blade, showing no preferences for immature or mature neurons. Thus, depending on the infecting agent, @entity4008 causes two distinct forms of cell injury in the dentate gyrus.

title: @entity4008 causes two distinct forms of cellular damage in the hippocampal dentate gyrus in XXXX @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis', 'Bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological damage', 'neurological sequelae']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['learning and memory deficits']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae', 'streptococcus']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal injury', 'neuronal death']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infant']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity438 ( @entity438 ) are regularly treated by both microsurgical clipping and endovascular coiling. We performed a systematic meta-analysis to compare the safety and efficacy of these two methods. METHODS: Literature was reviewed for all studies reporting @entity432 and/or functional outcomes in adults with unruptured @entity438 treated by endovascular coiling or microsurgical clipping. All studies that reported results for adults (>=  18 years) with unruptured @entity438 , from 1990-2011 in English were considered for inclusion. RESULTS: Twenty-six studies involving 2295 @entity439 undergoing clipping or coiling for @entity439 were included for analysis. There were 1530 @entity439 which were treated with clipping, and 765 @entity439 treated with coiling. Pooled analysis revealed failure of @entity439 in 3.0% (1.2-7.4% 95% CI) of clipped cases. Pooled analysis of 15 studies (606 @entity439 ) involving coiling and occlusion revealed lack of occlusion rates of 47.7% (43.6-51.8% 95% CI) with the fixed-effects model and 48.2% (39.0-57.4% 95% CI) with the random-effects model. Thirteen studies examined neurological outcomes after clipping and were pooled for analysis. Both fixed- and random-effect models revealed unfavourable outcomes in 2.1% (1.3-3.3% 95% CI) of @entity1 . There were 17 studies evaluating potential unfavourable neurological outcomes after coiling that were pooled for analysis. Fixed- and random-effect models revealed unfavourable outcomes in 6.5% (4.5-9.3% 95% CI) and 4.9% (3.0-8.1% 95% CI) of @entity1 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Based upon this systematic review and meta-analysis of unruptured @entity438 , after careful consideration of @entity1 , aneurysmal, and treatment center factors, we recommend surgical clipping for unruptured @entity438 .

title: Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Endovascular Coiling Versus Microsurgical Clipping for Unruptured Middle Cerebral XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['angiographic occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysmal occlusion', 'unruptured MCA aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['Middle cerebral artery aneurysms', 'MCAA']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['Artery Aneurysms']


abstract: Cell culture techniques for monolayer islets of 3-week-old @entity35 pancreases and the responsiveness of B cells are described. In this procedure, whole pancreatic tissues from 3-week-old @entity35 were enzymatically dispersed and then cultured in a medium with 5.5 mM @entity413 plus 1 mM @entity6524 or with 5.5 mM @entity413 following a 3-day exposure to a medium with 5.5mM @entity413 plus 5 microM @entity13638 . The use of @entity6524 or @entity13638 allowed a selective deletion of fibroblasts, yielding large clusters that consisted mostly of islet cells. The immunocytochemical evaluation of the islet cells in these cultures showed that approximately 70% are B-cells, 20% A-cells, and 10% D-cells. On day 0, the response to 16.7 mM @entity413 included only a small rise in insulin secreted during the first and the second phase, and the response to 10 mM of @entity368 or @entity6525 was monophasic. After being cultured for 7 days, all three secretagogues markedly stimulated insulin secretion by B cells cultured in both media, resulting in an enhancement of the biphasic pattern. However, quantitative relationships differed. Thus, the total response from B cells in @entity6524 during a 30-min stimulation with @entity413 and @entity368 was significantly higher (1.6- and 1.9-fold respectively) than that from B cells in 5.5 mM @entity413 , although there was no significant difference in insulin secretion evoked by @entity6525 . Furthermore, in the former B cells, the amount of insulin secreted during the second phase was 84-94% of the total insulin secretion, and in the latter it was 66-76%. Addition of 1 mM @entity1922 and 10 microM @entity1928 resulted in a significant increase in insulin secretion by B cells in @entity6524 , whereas there was no difference in the increase of insulin secretion induced by 16.7 mM @entity413 and 200 nM @entity864 . In monolayer cultures that had been maintained in both media for 15 days, the second phase of insulin secretion due to the secretagogues was slightly decreased, but the biphasicity in the response was well preserved. In conclusion, the present results suggest that B cells of 3-week-old @entity35 may be still immature, and that the medium with @entity6524 is beneficial to the continued maturation of the B-cell function in vitro.

title: [Perifusion of monolayer-cultured B cells of the infant @entity35 : a comparative study of the effects of @entity6524 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity13638 :: ('MESH:D019807', 'Chemical') :: ['iodoacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity6524 :: ('CHEBI:49132', 'Chemical') :: ['2-deoxy-2-fluoroglucose']

entities_list: @entity1922 :: ('MESH:D015056', 'Chemical') :: ['3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine']

entities_list: @entity6525 :: ('MESH:C013082', 'Chemical') :: ['2-ketoisocaproate']

entities_list: @entity864 :: ('MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

answer: @entity13638 :: (MESH:D019807,Chemical) :: ['iodoacetic acid']