abstract: An electron microscopic analysis of @entity528 in a congenitally blind strain of @entity1573 is presented. The mutation was named rd, meaning ' @entity2000 '. Although the chicks were behaviorally and electrophysiologically blind at the time of hatching, their retinas appeared morphologically comparable to normal chicks at this stage. Both groups had well-developed photoreceptor cells, although outer segments were typically disoriented or misaligned. In the normal, and to some degree in the rd, retina, outer segments became organized within the first week posthatching. In the rd retina at that time, however, more outer segments were disorganized and disoriented. Disc-like membranes were also seen in some inner segments. Many photoreceptors had distended inner segment tips containing a granular cytoplasm. @entity5922 was present in the subretinal space. Over the next 2-3 weeks there was a reduction in number of inner segments, outer segments and photoreceptor nuclei of both rods and cones. Photoreceptor cell bodies in the outer nuclear layer were replaced by Mueller cell processes. By the end of the second month, a larger cone:rod ratio was apparent, and a large proportion of the remaining cones were double cones. Intact outer segments were rarely seen at that time. Few and sporadic cone cells, identified by a pale-staining oil droplet, were the predominant surviving photoreceptors by 6 months of age. At the later stages examined, the @entity15999 ( @entity15999 ) appeared to be undergoing degenerative changes. A general thinning of cells and hypopigmentation of @entity15999 cells was apparent, although hyperpigmented, @entity15999 cells were also present which bulged into the subretinal space. Pigmented cells of unknown origin were also noted in the subretinal space at the later time points.

title: @entity2000 in the Rhode Island Red XXXX : ultrastructural analysis.

entities_list: @entity2000 :: ('MESH:D012162', 'Disease') :: ['retinal degeneration']

entities_list: @entity15999 :: ('MESH:C565530', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'hypertrophied PE', 'pigment epithelium']

entities_list: @entity5922 :: ('MESH:C536356', 'Disease') :: ['Membraneous debris']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['photoreceptor degeneration']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chicken']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of vorapaxar, a @entity8781 ( @entity8781 ) antagonist, in the management of @entity731 . DATA SOURCES: Peer-reviewed clinical trials and review articles were identified from MEDLINE and Current Content database (both 1966 to December 31, 2014) using the search terms vorapaxar and protease activator receptor antagonist. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: A total of 30 clinical studies were identified (16 clinical trials, including subanalyses, 14 related to pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics and drug interactions). DATA SYNTHESIS: Two phase III clinical trials with vorapaxar have been published. In @entity1 with non-ST segment elevation @entity583 ( @entity583 ), vorapaxar failed to significantly reduce the primary efficacy end point (composite of @entity65 , @entity583 , @entity64 , recurrent @entity63 with hospitalization, and urgent coronary revascularization). Conversely, in a study of secondary prevention for @entity1 with @entity65 , the composite end point of @entity65 , @entity583 , or @entity64 was significantly reduced. In both trials, the safety end points of major/minor @entity548 were increased compared with placebo. In the secondary prevention trial, an increased incidence of @entity932 led to the exclusion of @entity1 with a prior history of @entity64 . CONCLUSION: Vorapaxar is approved for use with @entity117 and/or @entity1397 in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in stable @entity1 with @entity3657 or a history of @entity583 . However, the addition of vorapaxar to other antiplatelets can significantly increase the risk of @entity548 . It is, therefore, essential to balance the need for further reduction of risk of @entity715 event with @entity1 's individual @entity548 risk.

title: Vorapaxar in XXXX Management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic diseases']

entities_list: @entity8781 :: ('2149', 'Gene') :: ['protease activator receptor-1', 'PAR-1']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular death', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['Atherosclerotic Disease']


abstract: We present two cases of concurrent development of @entity4407 ( @entity4407 ) with @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ) and one related to clonal B-cell @entity6113 ( @entity5315 ). Both @entity1 were referred for @entity6113 and @entity1148 . A bone marrow biopsy revealed infiltration of small, mature lymphocytes and @entity1373 . Flow cytometric immunophenotyping and immunoglobulin (IG) gene clonality tests revealed clonal B lymphocytes. Both @entity1 were positive for the @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation in whole bone marrow aspirate. The @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation was present in isolated B lymphocytes of @entity1 1, but not @entity1 2. Cytogenetics were normal in both @entity1 . An array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analyses of B cells revealed a gain of 4q28.3, which is reported in @entity1893 , in @entity1 1, and deletion 22q11.22, which is associated with @entity1072 , and a gain of Xp22.31 in @entity1 2. In both @entity1 , B cells showed no @entity5 ( @entity5 )-specific @entity74 . These results suggest that different oncogenic mechanisms in each cell lineage may underlie the concurrent development of @entity4407 and @entity1072 (or @entity5315 ). Array CGH may be helpful in identifying the pathogenic mechanism in cases of concurrent development of @entity706 and @entity5 .

title: Two cases of concurrent development of @entity4407 with XXXX , one related to clonal B-cell @entity6113 , tested by array comparative genomic hybridization.

entities_list: @entity6113 :: ('MESH:D008218', 'Disease') :: ['lymphocytosis']

entities_list: @entity1148 :: ('MESH:D013922', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytosis']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoid neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['myeloproliferative neoplasm', 'MPN']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['megakaryocytic hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['CLL', 'chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity4407 :: ('MESH:D013920', 'Disease') :: ['ET', 'essential thrombocythemia']

answer: @entity1072 :: (MESH:D015451,Disease) :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukemia']


abstract: @entity5555 ( @entity5555 ) models use genome-wide genetic information to predict genetic values of candidates of selection. Originally, these models were developed without considering genotype * environment interaction(G*E). Several authors have proposed extensions of the single-environment @entity5555 model that accommodate G*E using either covariance functions or environmental covariates. In this study, we model G*E using a marker * environment interaction (M*E) @entity5555 model; the approach is conceptually simple and can be implemented with existing @entity5555 software. We discuss how the model can be implemented by using an explicit regression of phenotypes on markers or using co-variance structures (a genomic best linear unbiased prediction-type model). We used the M*E model to analyze three CIMMYT @entity3505 data sets (W1, W2, and W3), where more than 1000 lines were genotyped using genotyping-by-sequencing and evaluated at CIMMYT's research station in Ciudad Obregon, Mexico, under simulated environmental conditions that covered different irrigation levels, sowing dates and planting systems. We compared the M*E model with a stratified (i.e., within-environment) analysis and with a standard (across-environment) @entity5555 model that assumes that effects are constant across environments (i.e., ignoring G*E). The prediction accuracy of the M*E model was substantially greater of that of an across-environment analysis that ignores G*E. Depending on the prediction problem, the M*E model had either similar or greater levels of prediction accuracy than the stratified analyses. The M*E model decomposes marker effects and genomic values into components that are stable across environments (main effects) and others that are environment-specific (interactions). Therefore, in principle, the interaction model could shed light over which variants have effects that are stable across environments and which ones are responsible for G*E. The data set and the scripts required to reproduce the analysis are publicly available as Supporting Information.

title: Increased prediction accuracy in XXXX breeding trials using a marker * environment interaction genomic selection model.

entities_list: @entity5555 :: ('MESH:D042822', 'Disease') :: ['Genomic selection', 'GS']

answer: @entity3505 :: (4565,Species) :: ['wheat']


abstract: This study investigated whether @entity1242 can improve @entity63 zone blood flow and function when its infusion is delayed following left anterior descending (LAD) occlusion. @entity1242 (200 micrograms/min, 11 @entity235 ) or saline (six @entity235 ) was infused for 2 hours starting 2 hours after occlusion. Regional @entity296 ( @entity296 ) was measured (9 +/- 1 micron radioactive microspheres) before and at 2 and 4 hours after occlusion. Segmental contraction was determined by cineroentgenography of implanted @entity11608 markers. For all @entity63 samples (defined as @entity296 less than or equal to 0.4 ml/min/gm), the average improvement in @entity296 in the epicardial half (EPI) was 0.05 +/- 0.02 ml/min/gm (mean +/- SEM) with @entity1242 vs 0.06 +/- 0.06 with saline (p greater than 0.5). Improvement in the endocardial half (ENDO) averaged 0.03 +/- 0.03 ml/min/gm with @entity1242 vs 0.09 +/- 0.08 with saline (p = 0.5). Contraction in the @entity63 zone ceased following occlusion and was unaffected by @entity1242 or saline. Control blood flows in the @entity63 region were 22% less in the ENDO (p less than 0.001) and 19% less in the EPI (p less than 0.005) than in nonischemic myocardium. These results indicate that 2 hours after @entity432 in @entity235 , @entity1242 was unable to improve @entity63 zone collateral flow or contractile function compared to untreated controls. Lower @entity63 zone control flows indicate that @entity1188 volume expansion may occur within 4 hours after @entity1563 .

title: Failure of XXXX introduced after prolonged myocardial ischemia to improve collateral blood flow and function in tranquilized @entity235 .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['MBF', 'myocardial blood flow']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitroglycerin', 'nitroglycerin']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary occlusion']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['LAD occlusion']

answer: @entity1242 :: (MESH:D005996,Chemical) :: ['nitroglycerin']


abstract: Anti-inflammatory medications have been used for the treatment of chronic @entity1069 /chronic @entity2371 ( @entity2723 /CPPS), given that @entity32 and @entity158 are traditionally associated with this condition. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) classification divides category III into (1) category IIIA-- @entity1 with white blood cells (WBCs) in their expressed prostatic secretions, post-prostate massage urine (voided bladder urine-3 [VB3]) or semen; and (2) category IIIB--those without WBCs. However, recent studies indicate that the ability of WBC count alone to distinguish @entity1 with symptoms from those without appears limited. Other markers of @entity32 , such as cytokines, may correlate better with clinical findings. The mechanisms of @entity32 continue to be investigated, including contributions from reactive @entity26 species, autoimmune response, @entity13624 , and even endocrine dysfunction. There have been few controlled studies of anti-inflammatory therapy for chronic @entity1069 . In the only randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, the NIH-Chronic @entity1069 Symptom Index (CPSI) total, domain, and @entity158 scores significantly decreased from baseline in all groups, but the difference was not statistically significant. Other medications that have some theoretic anti-inflammatory properties have shown promising early results. Further study of currently available anti-inflammatory medications may be warranted, especially in longer trials, which may allow resolution of the significant placebo effect commonly seen in the short term in @entity1 with CPPS. Further discussion is needed to either validate, modify, or abolish the distinction between category IIIA and IIIB in the NIH classification.

title: XXXX and anti-inflammatory therapy in chronic @entity1069 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['Prostatitis', 'prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2371 :: ('MESH:D017699', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic pain syndrome']

entities_list: @entity13624 :: ('MESH:D020078', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic inflammation']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['Inflammation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review our experience with vaginal sacrospinous colpopexy combined with perineorraphy performed for @entity1 with @entity3577 who concomitantly suffered from @entity322 ( @entity322 ). SETTING: Gynaecology Department, Benenden Hospital, Benenden, Kent, UK. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Between January 1997 and December 2001, 16 @entity1 presented with symptoms of @entity3577 and @entity322 . Eleven out of the 16 @entity1 (69%) had anorectal physiological tests and endoanal ultrasound performed before surgery. All @entity1 had sacrospinous colpopexy and perineorraphy. Simultaneous vaginal hysterectomy was performed in two @entity1 and anterior colporrhaphy in six @entity1 . RESULTS: The mean age was 60 years and median parity was 2. The mean operative time was 62 min (range 35-100) and the mean @entity190 was 60 ml (range 30-160). The mean follow-up period was 37 months (6-65). Thirteen @entity1 (81%) reported no @entity322 after surgery, and two @entity1 (12.5%) reported improvement. One @entity1 (6.5%) had no improvement in her symptom of @entity322 after surgery. None of the @entity1 had recurrence of @entity3577 during follow up. CONCLUSION: Sacrospinous colpopexy combined with perineorraphy can help to cure symptoms of @entity322 associated with @entity3577 . The possible mechanisms for such a favourable result are discussed.

title: Vaginal sacrospinous colpopexy and perineorrhaphy for XXXX : preliminary report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3577 :: ('MESH:D056887', 'Disease') :: ['genital prolapse']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['faecal incontinence', 'FI']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['faecal incontinence']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) is a serious complication in @entity1 with @entity2 . The benefit of chemotherapy for @entity2 @entity1 with @entity1211 remains unknown. This study was conducted to elucidate the efficacy and safety of chemotherapy for advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) in @entity1 with @entity1211 . METHODS: Newly diagnosed @entity1 with advanced (i.e. stage IIIB and IV) @entity1149 with @entity1211 who received systemic chemotherapy were studied. Response rates, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and @entity137 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: In this study, 21 @entity1 who received chemotherapy plus anticoagulation therapy between December 2009 and February 2011 were included. The objective response and disease control rates within the first regimen were 14.29% (3/21) and 76.19 %(16/21), respectively. The median PFS, one-year survival rate, and median OS were 5.50 months, 33.30%, and 8.70 months, respectively. The main grade 3/4 @entity137 observed included @entity1398 (28.57%), @entity390 4 (19.05%), and @entity417 2 (9.52%). Major bleeding was not observed. CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy for newly diagnosed @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 and @entity1211 was feasible and had acceptable @entity137 ; however, the survival of these @entity1 remained inferior to that of @entity1 without @entity1211 .

title: Efficacy and safety of chemotherapy for newly diagnosed advanced XXXX with @entity1211 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['Venous thromboembolism', 'VTE']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity13352 is an uncommon subtype of @entity3052 which has been considered to be a subtype of @entity3052 with a worse prognosis. Intensive chemotherapy is the first line of treatment. In recent years, the effect of kefir on some @entity5 has been experimented. Kefir is a kind of beverage, which obtained by incubation of kefir grains with raw milk. Kefir grains are a symbiotic complex of different kinds of @entity375 and bacteria, especially @entity880 bacteria which gather in a mostly @entity1735 matrix, named kefiran. We investigated the effect of kefir on @entity13352 cell line (KG-1) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The cell line and PBMCs were treated with different doses of kefir and milk and incubated for three different times. We used Polymixin B to block the lipopolysaccharide and @entity6674 (1  mol/l) to neutralize the acidic media. Viability was detected by @entity98 assay. Apoptosis and @entity39 were assessed by annexin- @entity2667 staining. Our results showed that kefir induced apoptosis and @entity39 in KG-1 cell line. It was revealed that kefir decreased proliferation in @entity6007 cell line. We did not observe a remarkable effect of kefir on PBMCs. Our study suggested that kefir may have potential to be an effective treatment for @entity6007 .

title: Kefir induces apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation in human XXXX .

entities_list: @entity13352 :: ('MESH:C535673', 'Disease') :: ['Acute erythroleukemia', 'acute erythroleukemia']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity2667 :: ('MESH:D011419', 'Chemical') :: ['propidium iodide']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity6007 :: ('MESH:D004915', 'Disease') :: ['erythroleukemia']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

answer: @entity13352 :: (MESH:C535673,Disease) :: ['acute erythroleukemia']


abstract: @entity794 is a major, highly clonal, pathogen causing @entity281 . This study aimed at investigating the diverse distribution of bacterial adhesins in most prevalent @entity794 types causing @entity281 . 200 @entity794 isolates, categorized into ribogroups by automated ribotyping, i.e. rDNA restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, were screened for the presence of a panel of adhesins genes. Within the collection of isolates, automated ribotyping detected 98 distinct ribogroups. For many ribogroups, characteristic tandem genes arrangements could be identified. In the predominant @entity794 cluster, enlisting 27 isolates, the bbp gene encoding bone sialoprotein-binding protein appeared a typical virulence trait, found in 93% of the isolates. Conversely, the bbp gene was identified in just 10% of the remaining isolates of the collection. In this cluster, co-presence of bbp with the cna gene encoding collagen adhesin was a pattern consistently observed. These findings indicate a crucial role of both these adhesins, able to bind the most abundant bone proteins, in the pathogenesis of @entity281 , there where biomaterials interface bone tissues. This study suggests that specific adhesins may synergistically act in the onset of @entity281 and that anti-adhesin strategies should be targeted to adhesins conjointly present.

title: The presence of both bone sialoprotein-binding protein gene and collagen adhesin gene as a typical virulence trait of the major epidemic cluster in isolates from orthopedic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['implant infections', 'orthopaedic implant infections']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus strain', 'S. aureus']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['implant infections']


abstract: In 6 @entity235 the @entity572 was experimentally replaced using a ceramic stepped-stem prosthetic device implanted in the thigh bone. In six other @entity235 V4A steel stepped-stem prosthetic devices inserted in the arm bone was used for replacing shoulder joint. The six devices replacing the shoulder joint healed up without complications and proved to be mechanically stable. From six devices replacing the @entity572 only one was successful; the remaining five implants did not heal up due to @entity174 of the stem, @entity1349 in the thigh bone and @entity4034 . We suggest that these different results are based not on the different material, but on the different conditions characteristic for each implantation sites. The devices implanted in the arm bone of the @entity235 , corresponding to the conditions in @entity1 , were stressed mainly by pressure and pull. In such conditions the newly formed bone tissue anchoring in the steps on the stem stabilized the device. On the other hand, the biomechanical load on the @entity572 replacing device in the @entity235 is represented mainly by rotation at stress, for which the devices are not conceived. The stepped profile of the stem can not work; it twists in the thigh bone and remains unstable causing consequences such as @entity174 , @entity4034 and @entity1349 . For experimental testing of bone and joint replacing prosthetic devices of cementless anchoring systems replacing @entity1 @entity572 and thigh bone we recommend the shoulder joint of the @entity235 instead of @entity572 , because of the comparable biomechanics.

title: [Testing of cementless stepped-stem prosthetic devices replacing the hip shoulder joint of the XXXX . Comparison of two animal models (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['hip joint']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['loosening']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Elderly @entity1 living in residential homes are at high risk for developing major @entity308 , and therefore deserve attention in terms of preventive interventions. We evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of a guided self-help intervention for the prevention of @entity308 and @entity148 in these residents. METHODS: We conducted a pragmatic randomized controlled trial in two parallel groups comparing the intervention with usual care in 14 residential homes in and surrounding the city of Amsterdam in the Netherlands. A total of 129 residents with a score of 8 or more on the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) screening instrument, who did not meet the full diagnostic criteria for disorders, and were not suffering from @entity73 were recruited between April 2007 and December 2008. @entity1 were randomized to a guided self-help intervention (n = 67) or to usual care (n = 62). The main outcome measures were improvement in the level of symptoms of @entity308 and @entity148 . The secondary outcome was improvement in participation in organized activities in the residential homes. The study is registered in de Dutch Cochrane Centre, under number ISRCTN27540731. RESULTS: Only 21% of the @entity1 (mean age 84.0 years (SD 6.7), 72.1% suffering from two or more @entity102 ) completed the intervention. Although we found some large positive effect sizes on the CES-D, none of these effects was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Although guided self-help may be promising in the prevention of @entity308 and @entity148 , it proved to be difficult to apply in this very old and vulnerable group of @entity1 living in residential homes.

title: Feasibility and effectiveness of activity-scheduling as a guided self-help intervention for the prevention of @entity308 and XXXX in residents in homes for the elderly: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive and anxiety disorders', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illnesses']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe @entity733 formation complications in @entity765 of @entity1 with @entity4511 and percutaneous drainage. METHODS: Three @entity1 with @entity4511 and @entity765 were diagnosed as having intratumor @entity733 formation. Percutaneous drainage was the initial method of treatment in each case. Two subsequently underwent surgical resection and one @entity1 refused surgery and was lost to follow-up. RESULTS: In each case, percutaneous drainage and antibiotics resulted in clinical improvement. In two, fistulous communication with the small bowel could be demonstrated, presumed to be the cause of @entity733 formation. Surgical resection confirmed @entity292 communication to the small bowel. In the third @entity1 , no @entity292 was seen and only percutaneous drainage was performed. CONCLUSION: @entity490 and @entity221 in @entity1 with @entity4511 and desmoids is suggestive of @entity733 formation in these @entity5 . Percutaneous drainage is useful as initial management.

title: @entity733 formation in XXXX of @entity4511 and percutaneous drainage: a report of three cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4511 :: ('MESH:D005736', 'Disease') :: ["Gardner's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity765 :: ('MESH:D018222', 'Disease') :: ['intramesenteric desmoid tumors', 'desmoid tumors']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominal pain']

answer: @entity765 :: (MESH:D018222,Disease) :: ['desmoid tumors']


abstract: Seven hundred and ninety-six consecutive @entity1 with operable primary @entity0 treated with @entity632 -containing postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy between 1974 and 1982 were evaluated for assessment of the acute and long-term @entity137 of the program. Most @entity1 experienced @entity390 , @entity391 , and @entity1665 , side effects that were totally reversible. @entity632 skin infiltration was observed in 6% of the @entity1 . Hematologic @entity137 was moderate, and only 26% of the @entity1 had a granulocyte nadir of less than 1000 cells/ml. Febrile or infectious complications occurred in 6% of @entity1 , of which 3% required hospitalization for observation and antibiotic treatment. No long-term hematologic changes were observed. @entity2588 was reported by 80% of premenopausal @entity1 . However, none of the @entity1 under 30 years of age had @entity1866 , whereas 96% of those 40-49 years of age developed @entity2588 . @entity2588 was permanent for most @entity1 over 40, but for 50% of @entity1 under 40 years of age, it was reversible. Endocrinologic studies showed that @entity2588 was a result of @entity2670 . The incidence of second @entity5 was lower (1.3%) in the group treated with @entity1487 , @entity632 , and @entity786 than in the historical control group (4.8%). @entity1370 data was evaluated in 460 @entity1 . When up to a cumulative dose of 300 mg/m2 was given, 1% of the @entity1 developed @entity712 . In 4 of these 5, adequate control was achieved with medical treatment; 1 @entity1 died as a consequence of @entity1370 .

title: Immediate and long-term @entity137 of adjuvant chemotherapy regimens containing @entity632 in trials at M.D. Anderson Hospital and XXXX Institute.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin', 'Doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities', 'toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1866 :: ('MESH:D008599', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac toxicity', 'cardiac toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2670 :: ('MESH:D010049', 'Disease') :: ['primary ovarian failure']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['Amenorrhea', 'amenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To clarify production of @entity842 with @entity1468 . METHODS: Production of @entity842 and elimination of its metabolites, @entity3542 and @entity1507 , determines ultimately the level of those metabolites in plasma of subjects whose diets lack them. We measured simultaneously plasma levels and renal clearance of @entity3542 and @entity1507 in 20 @entity1 with @entity1468 and in 21 healthy pregnant @entity1 . Fifteen preeclamptic gravidas were receiving antihypertensive medication and five received betamethasone 1-4 days before the study. Subjects were prescribed low @entity3542 and @entity1507 diets for 24 hours and fasted overnight before collection of plasma and urine samples. @entity3542 and @entity1507 were measured spectrophotometrically by Griess reaction. RESULTS: Preeclamptic @entity1 had significantly higher plasma levels of @entity3542 and @entity1507 (18.1+/-6.2 micromol/L versus 13.0+/-4.3 micromol/L, mean+/-standard deviation [SD], P = .009), which because renal clearance did not differ (0.6+/-0.3 versus 0.7+/-0.3 mL/s), indicated increased production of @entity842 with @entity1468 that was unaffected by antihypertensives or @entity5935 . The mean plasma level of @entity2232 was increased (5.1+/-1.4 versus 3.6+/-1.0 pg/mL, P < .001), and urinary output of the @entity4770 metabolite @entity57392 was decreased (39.1+/-18.0 versus 61.3+/-35.6 ng/mmol @entity1011 , P = .019) with @entity1468 . These two endothelial markers showed no relation to plasma @entity3542 and @entity1507 . CONCLUSION: @entity842 production was increased with @entity1468 . The biologic significance of increased production is unknown, but it might be compensation for the vasoconstriction of @entity1468 .

title: XXXX production with @entity1468 .

entities_list: @entity5935 :: ('MESH:D001623', 'Chemical') :: ['betamethasone']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitrite', 'nitrite']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity4770 :: ('MESH:D011464', 'Chemical') :: ['prostacyclin']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia', 'pre-eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide', 'nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity57392 :: ('MESH:C028290', 'Chemical') :: ['2,3-dinor-6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['Nitric oxide']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Risk factors for adolescent overweight and @entity28 include low levels of physical activity, high levels of sedentary behavior, low fruit and vegetable intake, and low socioeconomic position (SEP). To date, the vast majority of research investigating associations between lifestyle behaviors and weight status analyze dietary and time use factors separately. Our research aimed to describe Australian youth time use and diet clusters and explore relationships with weight status and SEP (parental education and income). Cluster analysis of the National @entity1 's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey data from Australians aged 9 to 16 years (random sample n = 1,853) was conducted. Time use data (17 age-adjusted time use variables) and dietary data (7 age-adjusted diet variables) were collected via 24-hour recalls. Two clusters were associated with a reduced frequency of overweight and @entity28 (the @entity1 ' Active Sitter and @entity1 ' Healthy @entity4207 ) and one with an increased frequency of overweight and @entity28 (the @entity1 ' Unhealthy cluster). Of these three clusters, two demonstrated associations with parental income and/or parental education level. The @entity1 ' Unhealthy cluster was associated with low SEP status (parental income and education), and the @entity1 ' Healthy Academic cluster was associated with high parental income. Not all unhealthy adolescent clusters were associated with overweight and @entity28 . The findings suggest sex-specific diet and activity clusters can be used to identify at-risk subgroups and inform multifaceted interventions to address overweight and @entity28 .

title: Adolescent Diet and Time Use Clusters and Associations With XXXX and Socioeconomic Position.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Children', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['Academic clusters']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['Overweight and Obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate tolerability and glycemic control over 26 weeks in @entity1 with @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) who initiated insulin with, or switched to, biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 ( @entity14184 ) in routine clinical care. METHODS: This was a non-randomized, non-interventional, open-label, observational study involving @entity1 under the care of approximately 150 insulin-prescribing physicians in Denmark. All @entity1 enrolled were prescribed @entity14184 in routine care. Starting dose, dose titration and injection frequency were determined individually by each physician. Information on serious adverse drug reactions (SADR), glycemic parameters and hypoglycemic events were obtained from @entity1 ' notes, @entity1 ' diaries and recall, and transferred to case report forms by physicians at baseline (during 4 weeks prior to @entity14184 therapy) and after 12 and 26 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: 421 subjects were recruited and 392 provided safety data. The age (mean +/- SD) was 62.0 +/- 11.4 years, body mass index (BMI) 30.4 +/- 6.4 kg/m(2), duration of @entity6 9.1 +/- 8.1 years and HbA1c (%) 9.4 +/- 1.7. 199 subjects were prior insulin users and 193 were insulin-na  ve @entity1 . Four @entity1 reported a SADR (3 @entity4053 , 1 severe @entity4053 ). HbA1c was significantly reduced after 26 weeks of @entity14184 therapy: prior insulin users -1.2%, insulin-na  ve @entity1 -2.2% (both p < 0.001). 28% and 41% of @entity1 , respectively, reached target @entity4051 c < 7%. Overall the @entity4053 rate was lower for insulin-na  ve @entity1 than for prior insulin users: 5.0 vs. 6.6 episodes/ @entity1 -year (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Initiating insulin with, or switching insulin to, @entity14184 in routine care was safe and effective in @entity1 with @entity2175 .

title: Initiating or switching to biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 therapy in subjects with XXXX . An observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes', 'T2D']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus']


abstract: @entity943 , @entity943 , and @entity1164 ( @entity1164 ) are significant health problems and an economic burden to society. The renin-angiotensin- @entity1369 system (RAAS) may play a key role in the occurrence of structural and electrical remodeling, potentially explaining the development of @entity943 . @entity2178 has been shown to regulate cardiac cell proliferation and to modulate cardiac myocyte ion channels. Results of post hoc analyses from prospective clinical trials appear to show that @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) inhibitors and @entity2178 receptor blockers (ARBs) are most effective in the prevention of new-onset @entity955 in @entity1 with @entity712 . It is difficult to determine if these agents are useful in the prevention of new-onset @entity955 after @entity583 , and available evidence suggests that the benefit of @entity1289 inhibitors and ARBs for prevention of new-onset @entity955 in @entity1 with @entity101 appears limited to those with @entity4346 . @entity1 with structural changes in cardiac muscle, such as those with @entity712 and @entity4346 , appear to benefit the most from RAAS blockade, possibly due to the theory of reversal of cardiac remodeling. There is no evidence, to our knowledge, that either @entity1289 inhibitors or ARBs facilitate direct electrical current cardioversion in @entity1 with @entity955 ; however, it appears that RAAS blockade may be useful in the prevention of recurrent @entity955 after direct electrical current cardioversion. Whether @entity1289 inhibitors may prevent life-threatening @entity943 or @entity1164 is unclear. @entity1369 antagonists appear to be useful for the prevention of @entity1164 in @entity1 with @entity1002 . Results from ongoing clinical trials are anticipated to provide further insight on the potential roles of RAAS inhibitors for the prevention of @entity943 .

title: Role of @entity1289 inhibitors, @entity2178 receptor blockers, and XXXX antagonists in the prevention of @entity943 .

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death', 'SCD']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['Aldosterone', 'aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['ACE', 'angiotensin-converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II', 'Angiotensin II']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial arrhythmias', 'ventricular arrhythmias', 'cardiac arrhythmias', 'atrial and ventricular arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular systolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity1369 :: (MESH:D000450,Chemical) :: ['aldosterone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to determine whether autophagy and @entity21060 contribute to premature senescence in auditory cells. Incubating HEI-OC1 auditory cells with 5 mM @entity274 for 1 h induced senescence, as demonstrated by senescence-associated b-galactosidase (SA-b-gal) staining. @entity274 treatment significantly delayed population-doubling time, leaving cell viability unchanged. Furthermore, the proportion of SA-b-gal-positive cells significantly increased. Autophagy-related protein expression increased, with @entity10615 and LC3-II peaking 6 h and @entity3607 peaking 24 h after @entity274 treatment. The expression of these proteins decreased 48 h after treatment. Transmission electron microscopy revealed lipofuscin and aggregates within autolysosomes, which accumulated markedly in the cytoplasm of HEI-OC1 cells 48 h after treatment. Akt and P70S6 phosphorylation markedly decreased after @entity274 treatment, but @entity5291 phosphorylation significantly increased 48 h after treatment. After RNAi-mediated knockdown (KD) of @entity10615 and @entity21060 , @entity274 -treated cells displayed dense SA-b-gal staining. Also, premature senescence was significantly induced. These suggest that a negative feedback loop may exist between autophagy and @entity21060 signaling pathways in HEI-OC1 cells. In our model, oxidative stress-induced premature senescence occurred due to impaired autophagy function through @entity5291 phosphorylation. Our results also indicate that @entity21060 may regulate premature senescence in auditory cells in an autophagy-dependent and independent manner.

title: Autophagy through @entity5291 and XXXX regulates oxidative stress-induced premature senescence in auditory cells.

answer: @entity21060 :: (5562,Gene) :: ['AMPK']


abstract: Intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate modulators ( @entity268 ) and @entity6708 , in adipocytes, are important for the regulation of the lipolysis rate. The phosphodiesterases (PDE) control @entity6708 and @entity268 levels by degradation. Different PDE isoforms are expressed in @entity291 oocytes and cumulus cells. Previously, we found that using an inhibitor of @entity71717 ( @entity7855 , SILD) increased @entity6708 levels in @entity291 oocytes during in vitro maturation (IVM). In the current study we investigated if inhibition of @entity71717 during maturation reduces the lipid content in IVF embryos. For this, oocytes were cultured for 24h in maturation medium with 10% FCS and 10(-7)M SILD (treatment I), 10% FCS (treatment II) and 0.4% BSA (control; N   160 COC/groups submit to IVF). After COC were in vitro fertilized, cleavage (Day 4) and blastocyst rates (Day 7) were measured. Blastocysts were stained with @entity20186 (1 gmL(-1)) for lipid content quantification, by mean fluorescence intensity per  m(2), measured in the ImageJ program (fluorescence intensity, f.i.). Four replicates were transformed to log10 and subjected to statistical analysis using the SAS system (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) by ANOVA followed by Tukey test with a significance level of 5%. No difference in cleavage (Day 4) and blastocyst (Day 7) rates were observed in all groups (82 and 41.9%, respectively), showing that presence of FCS, SILD, or both in IVM medium did not affect embryo development. Treatment I had higher lipid content (40.35 f.i.) than treatment II (31.12 f.i.), which in turn was also superior to control (22.31 f.i.). According to the results, the presence of FCS in IVM media generates embryos with higher lipid content, and association of FCS and SIL further increased lipid content. Although inhibition of PDE5 increases @entity6708 levels and leads to higher lipolysis, such an effect was not observed when SIL was used as the PDE5 inhibitor. Reasons for such findings are still unclear, but a possibility would be the activation of a negative feedback mechanism by the increased @entity6708 generated by SIL, because this @entity377 activates PKG, which in turn inhibits @entity6708 synthesis by guanylate cyclase. During development the lower @entity6708 levels could reduce lipolysis, resulting in increased lipid accumulation in embryos. Further studies are needed to address this possibility.

title: 238 the role of phosphodiesterase (pde) 5a as mediator of lipolysis in XXXX oocytes and its effect on the development and lipid content of embryos produced in vitro.

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['sildenafil']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: Allograft vasculopathy (AV) causes intimal thickening with progressive @entity3885 , @entity409 , and abnormal vasomotion. Subendocardial vacuolization indicating ongoing @entity63 was observed at autopsy in transplanted hearts with severe AV. Whether myocyte vacuolization can be observed with lesser degrees of AV in cardia transplant @entity1 has not been reported. Thirty-nine cardiac transplant @entity1 without flow-limiting disease in large epicardial arteries underwent invasive assessment of AV. Eight to 10 segments of the left anterior descending artery were analyzed by intracoronary ultrasound, and an average intimal index was calculated. Endothelial response to @entity934 was assessed with serial quantitative angiography. Endomyocardial biopsies taken 5 to 7 days prior to the invasive studies were histopathologically reviewed for the presence of small intramyocardial arteries and myocyte vacuolization. Myocyte vacuolization was evident in biopsies from 20 @entity1 (51%). Intramyocardial arteries were observed in 30 cases (76%); 14 had abnormal arteries. All @entity1 had some degree of intimal thickening by intracoronary ultrasound, and 7 (17 %) had severely abnormal average intimal index (>0.2). @entity409 was present in 23 @entity1 (58%). Vacuolization failed to show an association with abnormal small artery histology or large epicardial artery ultrasound disease. However, a significant association between vacuolization and @entity409 was observed (p = 0.05). Myocyte vacuolization, possibly indicating @entity63 , is common in biopsies from cardiac transplant @entity1 and is associated with abnormal @entity934 response in large epicardial arteries. We speculate that myocyte vacuolization may be caused at least in part by impaired coronary flow associated with @entity409 .

title: Myocardial vacuolization, a marker of @entity63 , in surveillance cardiac biopsies posttransplant: Correlations with morphologic vascular disease and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic injury', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction', 'Endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['luminal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['endothelial dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the @entity4059 ( @entity4059 ) associated with @entity712 and their association with medium-term prognosis. @entity1 AND METHODS: Multipurpose prospective study from the EAHFE Registry. We included as @entity4059 : @entity281 , @entity955 ( @entity955 ), @entity417 , @entity101 crisis, non-adherence to diet or drug therapy and non-ST-segment-elevation @entity1187 (NSTEACS). @entity1 without @entity4059 were control group. Hazard ratios (HR) crudes and adjusted for reconsultations and mortality at 90 days were calculated. RESULTS: 3535 @entity1 were included: 28% without and 72% with @entity4059 . @entity1 with @entity955 (HR 0.67; 95%CI 0.50-0.89) and @entity101 crisis (HR 0.45; 95%CI 0.28-0.72) had less mortality and @entity1 with NSTEACS (HR 1.79; 95%CI 1.19-2.70) had more mortality. Reconsultation was fewer in @entity1 with @entity281 (HR 0.74; 95%CI 0.64-0.85), @entity955 (HR 0.69; 95%CI 0.58-0.83) and @entity101 crisis (HR 0.71; 95%CI 0.55-0.91). These differences were maintained in all the adjusted models except for @entity101 crisis. CONCLUSIONS: One @entity4059 is identified in 3 out of 4 @entity1 and it may influence medium-term prognosis. At 90 days, NSTEACS and @entity955 were associated with more and less mortality respectively, and @entity955 and @entity281 with less probability of reconsultation.

title: [PAPRICA-2 study: Role of precipitating factor of an XXXX episode on intermediate term prognosis].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['acute heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity4059 :: ('MESH:D007020', 'Disease') :: ['PF', 'precipitating factors']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['rapid atrial fibrillation', 'RAF']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['acute heart failure']


abstract: We evaluated the way in which duration of hemodialysis treatment affects nutritional status in 96 @entity454 @entity1 . According to the length of previous hemodialysis treatment @entity1 were divided into the groups: onset hemodialysis (ON- @entity2033 ), early-stage hemodialysis (ES- @entity2033 , 1-8 months), mid-stage hemodialysis (MS- @entity2033 , 9-69 months), and @entity5 ( @entity5 , 70-207 months). Nutritional status was assessed by laboratory data (serum proteins, total lymphocyte count), intradermal skin antigen testing, anthropometric measurements (body mass index [BMI], infrared interactance), and records of food intake. ON- @entity2033 @entity1 on a low-protein diet exhibited abnormally low values for serum total protein, albumin, @entity69 , and total lymphocyte count and a high prevalence of anergy to skin antigens (69%). In the ES- @entity2033 and MS- @entity2033 groups values for serum proteins and total lymphocyte count were in the normal range and significantly higher than in ON- @entity2033 @entity1 . In addition, a lower proportion of cutaneous anergy was observed (50% and 27%, respectively). Long-term hemodialysis therapy for 6-17 years ( @entity5 ) was associated with normal levels for all measured serum proteins. Subnormal levels of total lymphocyte count, significantly lower than in MS- @entity2033 @entity1 , were associated with an increase in anergy to skin antigens (46%). Serum prealbumin, complement C3c, BMI, body fat, and lean body mass exhibited normal values in all @entity1 and showed no differences between groups. These results indicate that diminished visceral protein stores, @entity2905 , and anergy to skin antigens are widespread in undialyzed uremic @entity1 with @entity454 but become uncommon after the initiation of regular hemodialysis therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Impact of long-term hemodialysis on nutritional status in XXXX with @entity454 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['advanced-stage hemodialysis', 'AS-HD']

entities_list: @entity2905 :: ('MESH:D008231', 'Disease') :: ['lymphopenia']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal failure']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study is to assess the overall efficacy and safety of photoselective vaporization of the prostate ( @entity12468 ) with GreenLight 120-W laser versus transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for treating @entity1 of @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ) with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). We performed a literature search of The Cochrane Library and the electronic databases, including Embase, Medline, and Web of Science. Manual searches were conducted of the conference proceedings, including European Association of Urology and American Urological Association (2007 to 2012). Outcomes reviewed included clinical baseline characteristics, perioperative data, complications, and postoperative functional results, such as postvoid residual (PVR), international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), and maximum flow rate (Qmax). Six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were enrolled. Three hundred and forty-seven @entity1 undergone 120-W @entity12468 , and 350 @entity1 were treated with TURP in the RCTs. There were no significant differences for clinical characteristics in these trials. In perioperative data, catheterization time and length of hospital stay were shorter in the @entity12468 group. However, the operation time was shorter in the TURP group. Capsular perforation, blood transfusion, clot retention, and macroscopic @entity811 were markedly less likely in @entity12468 -treated subjects. The other complications between @entity12468 and TURP did not demonstrate a statistic difference. There were no significant differences in QoL, PVR, IPSS, and Qmax in the 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24  months of postoperative follow-up. There was no significant difference at postoperation follow-up of functional outcomes including IPSS, PVR, Qmax, and QoL between the TURP-treated subjects and @entity12468 -treated subjects. Owing to a shorter catheterization time, reduced hospital duration and @entity532 , @entity12468 could be used as an alternative and a promising minimal invasive surgical procedure for the treatment of @entity1067 .

title: Photoselective vaporization of the prostate with GreenLight 120-W laser versus transurethral resection of the prostate for XXXX : a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostate hyperplasia', 'BPH']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['less complication']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

answer: @entity1067 :: (MESH:D011470,Disease) :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']


abstract: The use of compression garments during exercise is recommended for @entity1 with @entity0 , but the evidence behind this clinical recommendation is unclear. The aim of this randomized, cross-over trial was to compare the acute effects of wearing versus not wearing compression during a single bout of moderate-load resistance exercise on @entity4269 status and its associated symptoms in @entity1 with @entity0 ( @entity0 ). Twenty-five @entity1 with clinically diagnosed, stable unilateral @entity0 completed two resistance exercise sessions, one with compression and one without, in a randomized order separated by a minimum 6 day wash-out period. The resistance exercise session consisted of six upper-body exercises, with each exercise performed for three sets at a moderate-load (10-12 repetition maximum). Primary outcome was @entity4269 , assessed using bioimpedance spectroscopy (L-Dex score). Secondary outcomes were @entity4269 as assessed by arm circumferences (percent inter-limb difference and sum-of-circumferences), and symptom severity for @entity158 , @entity11728 and @entity3431 , measured using visual analogue scales. Measurements were taken pre-, immediately post- and 24 hours post-exercise. There was no difference in @entity4269 status (i.e., L-Dex scores) pre- and post-exercise sessions or between the compression and non-compression condition [Mean (SD) for compression pre-, immediately post- and 24 hours post-exercise: 17.7 (21.5), 12.7 (16.2) and 14.1 (16.7), respectively; no compression: 15.3 (18.3), 15.3 (17.8), and 13.4 (16.1), respectively]. Circumference values and symptom severity were stable across time and treatment condition. An acute bout of moderate-load, upper-body resistance exercise performed in the absence of compression does not exacerbate @entity4269 in @entity1 with @entity0 .

title: EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION ON LYMPHEDEMA DURING RESISTANCE EXERCISE IN XXXX WITH BREAST CANCER-RELATED LYMPHEDEMA: A RANDOMIZED, CROSS-OVER TRIAL.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['BCRL', 'breast cancer-related lymphedema']

entities_list: @entity3431 :: ('MESH:C536920', 'Disease') :: ['tightness']

entities_list: @entity4269 :: ('MESH:D008209', 'Disease') :: ['lymphedema']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['WOMEN']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the role of @entity9940 as an adjunct to management of upper ureteric stones (UUS) with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL). METHODS: In this prospective, randomized, open label study, @entity1 with single UUS (for SWL) were randomly assigned into 2 groups based on whether they received 0.4 mg @entity9940 (group A and B, respectively) during treatment. Repeat SWL was performed at week 1, 3, and 5 after first session. Primary outcome variables were success rate and @entity158 intensity. RESULTS: A total of 40 @entity1 (20 each group) completed the requisite follow-up. Success rate was higher in group A after 1 SWL-session (55% vs 25%, respectively; P = .05). There was an insignificant trend of decreased number of days (30.7 +/- 19.7 vs 39.0 +/- 19.9; P = .19), number of SWL sessions (1.6 vs 2.0; P = .10), and @entity158 experienced (score on visual analog scale, 25.3 +/- 17.9 vs 38.3 +/- 28.0, respectively; P = .41) in group A. Three in group A and 6 in B developed steinstrasse (P = .69). Overall, 1 in group A required auxiliary procedures as compared with 3 in control group (P = .60). CONCLUSIONS: @entity9940 improves clearance rate of UUS after single SWL. However, it does not provide significant advantage in terms of decreasing @entity158 associated with this treatment.

title: Is there an adjunctive role of XXXX to extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for upper ureteric stones: results of an open label randomized nonplacebo controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity9940 :: ('MESH:C088482', 'Chemical') :: ['Tamsulosin', 'tamsulosin']

answer: @entity9940 :: (MESH:C088482,Chemical) :: ['tamsulosin']


abstract: The transplantable hormone-responsive @entity35 mammary @entity420 13762NF was dissociated with collagenase and hyaluronidase. Cells were cloned directly or lines were established from mass cultures and cells from these lines were cloned. Clones differed in cellular morphology, colony morphology on plastic or in collagen gel, growth rate, growth response to hormones, and hormone receptor levels. Growth response to prolactin, @entity53 , @entity1420 , @entity701 , and @entity8160 ( @entity8160 ) was determined by culturing the cells within collagen gel and using a serum-free medium base of @entity37399 (1:1) with insulin, @entity4722 , and BSA. The clones varied in their hormone responses, with all 20 of the clones tested responding to @entity701 in combination with @entity8160 . Some clones would respond to @entity8160 , @entity701 , or @entity1420 when used alone. None of the clones tested could be stimulated by prolactin or @entity53 . Receptor levels for @entity53 , @entity1420 , glucocorticoids, and @entity8160 were assessed in 3 selected clones differing in their hormone responsiveness. Receptor levels appeared to correlate with hormonal sensitivity. Selected clones transplanted into female F344 @entity35 produced @entity189 with histopathologies similar to the @entity5 .

title: Heterogeneity in the hormonal responsiveness of clones derived from the 13762NF XXXX mammary @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity8160 :: ('25313(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['EGF', 'epidermal growth factor']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['original tumor']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4722 :: ('MESH:D019787', 'Chemical') :: ['linoleic acid']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity497 ( @entity497 ) is one of the most common @entity697 associated with a substantial clinical and economic burden. There have been few studies assessing incidence rate, duration of hospitalization, and costs of hospitalized @entity497 by age and care-setting. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted using a nationwide Dutch database containing healthcare claims data of 16.7 million inhabitants. @entity1 with at least one claim with a discharge diagnosis of @entity497 between January 2008 and December 2011 were selected. The main outcome measures considered were the incidence rate, duration of hospitalization, and the direct costs of hospitalized @entity497 stratified by age and care-setting. RESULTS: In total, 195,372 @entity497 cases were included in the analysis resulting in an average incidence of 295 per 100,000 population per year. Sixty-three percent (123,357) of the included @entity1 were hospitalized for 1 or more nights, of which 5.9% (n=7241) spent at least one night in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Overall, these 123,357 @entity1 spent 824,985 days in the hospital of which 48,324 were spent on the ICU. The mean duration of hospitalization of ICU @entity1 and general ward @entity1 was 15.2 days and 6.2 days, respectively. The total costs related to all 195,372 @entity497 episodes during these 4 years were    711 million, with the majority (76%) occurring among those aged 50 years and older. Median (and mean) costs were dependent on age and type of care with costs ranging from    344 (   482) per episode for 0-9 year olds treated in the outpatient hospital setting up to    10,284 (   16,374) per episode for 50-64 year olds admitted to the ICU. CONCLUSION: There is a large variation in terms of incidence, disease burden and costs across different age groups and the treatment setting. Effective interventions, targeted at older adults, to prevent @entity55 could reduce the (financial) burden due to @entity55 .

title: Incidence, direct costs and duration of hospitalization of XXXX hospitalized with community acquired @entity55 : A nationwide retrospective claims database analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['Community-acquired pneumonia', 'CAP']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute infections']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: In a large, double-blind, multicentre study, 269 @entity1 with confirmed @entity46 were randomly allocated to receive either @entity1872 (200 mg twice daily; n = 137) or @entity28696 (2.5 mg twice weekly; n = 132) for 6 months. The two groups were comparable in terms of the staging of @entity46 by the American Fertility Society (1979) score. After the sixth month of treatment, repeat laparoscopy was performed. Clinical assessment, haematological and biochemical investigations were carried out during the 6 months of treatment and for a further 12 months' follow-up and are compared between the two groups. A total of 15 @entity1 from the @entity28696 group, including four @entity1 with @entity3427 , and 17 @entity1 from the @entity1872 group, including six @entity1 with @entity10 , withdrew because of adverse symptoms. An additional 22 @entity1 , including 10 from the @entity28696 group and 12 from the @entity1872 group withdrew because of lack of efficacy, pregnancy, elevated hepatic function tests or for reasons unrelated to the trial. Total American Fertility Society scoring showed an improvement of 73.3% in 101 @entity1 receiving @entity28696 and 72.7% in 99 @entity1 receiving @entity1872 . The results showed a significant reduction in the severity of dysmenorrhoea by the third month in the @entity1872 group and at 6 months in both groups. There was a significant (P < 0.001) increase in weight observed in both groups during treatment. Overall, the tolerability of @entity1872 and @entity28696 was good; however, significantly more @entity1 with @entity28696 complained of @entity3427 while significantly more with @entity1872 complained of leg cramps. During the 12 months of follow-up, mild, moderate or severe degrees of lower @entity490 , dysmenorrhoea and deep @entity546 all fluctuated, with no statistically significant increase in frequency in either group.

title: Updating the clinical experience in XXXX --the European perspective.

entities_list: @entity28696 :: ('MESH:D005867', 'Chemical') :: ['gestrinone']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['dyspareunia']

entities_list: @entity3427 :: ('MESH:D006628', 'Disease') :: ['hirsutism']

answer: @entity46 :: (MESH:D004715,Disease) :: ['endometriosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity195 ( @entity195 ) is the most common @entity303 in developed countries. Between the identified risk factors, one of the most important is the age. Its prevalence reaches 24  % in @entity1 and 33  % in @entity1 over 85  years. Increase in life expectancy, making it a serious public health problem. Prevention of @entity195 represents a major challenge to health. Given that @entity195 is largely dependent on the genetics of each @entity1 and uninterrupted progress of the age, which is try to make @entity1 aware that there are other factors that can alter your chance of developing the @entity195 and although currently not reduce, help is not increased in the near or distant future.The aim of this paper is to develop and evaluate a Web-Mobile application (Alzhe Alert) used to calculate the risk of Alzheimer's from a short questionnaire using a computer or mobile device, so that any user, without requiring computer skills, can access the website to estimate their risk of developing the disease in the coming years depending on their habits and daily basis activities. The users who have realized the questionnaire can to observe in a graph the result, and they will know which is at risk for Alzheimer's at present and over the next 50  years if they continue with the same habits and lifestyle. The objective is that the users can be aware of the risk they have different habits of life about their health. Currently, 243 users (84 @entity1 and 159 @entity1 ) of white race have completed the questionnaire. 76  % of the users have got a risk below the average.

title: What is Your Risk of Contracting XXXX ? A Telematics Tool Helps you to Predict it.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'person', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease", 'Alzheimer disease']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's Disease']


abstract: The recombination-activating genes (RAGs) encode for V(D)J recombinases responsible for rearrangements of antigen-receptor genes during T and B cell development, and RAG expression is known to correlate strictly with the process of rearrangement. There have been several studies of @entity12656 illustrating biochemical, physiological and immunological properties. Hitherto, there are limited studies on @entity12656 focusing molecular phylogenetic analyses, evolutionary traits, and genetic variants in @entity1 populations. Hence, there is a need of a comprehensive study on this topic. In the current report, we have shed light into insights of evolutionary traits and genetic variants of @entity1 @entity12656 gene using 1092 genomes from @entity1 populations. Syntenic analyses revealed that two RAG genes are physically linked and conserved on the same locus in head-to-head orientation from sea urchin to @entity1 for about 550 MY. Spliceosomal introns have been in invaded in fishes and sea urchin, whereas gene structures of @entity12656 gene from tetrapods remained single exon architecture. We compiled 751 genetic variants in @entity1 @entity12656 gene using 1092 @entity1 genomes; where major stockholders of variant classes are 79% single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 12.2% somatic single @entity4334 variants (somatic SNVs) and 6.8% deletion. Out of 267 missense variants, 140 are deleterious mutations. We identified 284 non-coding variants with 94% regulatory in nature.

title: Understanding V(D)J recombination initiator XXXX gene using molecular phylogenetic and genetic variant analyses and upgrading missense and non-coding variants of clinical importance.

answer: @entity12656 :: (5896,Gene) :: ['RAG1']


abstract: @entity21049 RS microspheres containing chitosan @entity5209 were prepared by the solvent evaporation method using @entity1324 /liquid @entity982 solvent system and their properties were compared with @entity21049 RS microspheres without chitosan, prepared in our previous study. Different stirring rates were applied (400-1200 rpm) and drug content, Higuchi dissolution rate constant, surface and structure characteristics of the microspheres were determined for each size fraction. An increase in average particle size with a reduction of stirring rate appeared in limited interval in both series. The average particle size of microspheres without chitosan, prepared at the same stirring rate, was smaller. @entity48273 content increased with increasing fraction particle size, but not with increasing stirring rate as it was observed for microspheres without chitosan. We presume that high @entity48273 content in larger microspheres is a consequence of cumulation of undissolved @entity48273 particles in larger droplets during microspheres preparation procedure. @entity48273 release was faster from microspheres with chitosan and no correlation between Higuchi dissolution rate constant and stirring rate or fraction particle size was found, though it existed in the system without chitosan. Structure and surface characteristics of microspheres observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) were not changed significantly by incorporation of chitosan. But in contrast with microspheres without chitosan, the surface of chitosan microspheres was more porous after three hours of dissolution. It is supposed that the influence of particle size fraction and stirring rate on release characteristics is expressed to a great extent through porosity and indirectly through total effective surface area, but the incorporation of highly soluble component i.e. chitosan salt hides these effects on drug release. In conclusion, changes in biopharmaceutical properties due to varying stirring rate and fraction particle size exhibited the same direction as those reported for the microspheres without chitosan, although they are less expressed because of increased experimental variability, likely caused by chitosan.

title: The influence of chitosan on in vitro properties of XXXX RS microspheres.

entities_list: @entity48273 :: ('MESH:D010876', 'Chemical') :: ['Pipemidic acid', 'pipemidic acid']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity5209 :: ('CHEBI:36807', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrochloride']

answer: @entity21049 :: (MESH:C038300,Chemical) :: ['Eudragit']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Bombesin-like receptor 3 ( @entity4375 -3) is an X-linked G protein-coupled receptor involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis. @entity72514 null ( @entity72514 -/y) @entity19 become @entity28 . To date, no high affinity endogenous ligand has been identified. In an effort to detect a circulating endogenous @entity4375 -3 ligand, we generated parabiotic pairs of @entity19 between @entity72514 -/y and @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity19 or between @entity164 controls. Successful parabiosis was demonstrated by circulatory dye exchange. The @entity72514 -/y- @entity164 and @entity164 lost similar weight immediately after surgery. After 9 weeks on a high fat diet, the @entity72514 -/y- @entity164 pairs weighed more than the @entity164 . Within the @entity72514 -/y- @entity164 pairs, the @entity72514 -/y @entity19 had greater adiposity than the @entity164 @entity19 , but comparable lean and liver weights. Compared to @entity164 @entity19 in @entity164 , @entity72514 -/y and @entity164 @entity19 in @entity72514 -/y- @entity164 pairs each had greater lean mass, and the @entity72514 -/y @entity19 also had greater adiposity. These results contrast to those reported for parabiotic pairs of leptin receptor null (Leprdb/db) and @entity164 @entity19 , where high leptin levels in the Leprdb/db @entity19 cause the @entity164 parabiotic partners to lose weight. Our data demonstrate that a circulating endogenous @entity4375 -3 ligand, if present, is not sufficient to reduce adiposity in parabiotic partners of @entity72514 -/y @entity19 .

title: Search for an Endogenous Bombesin-Like Receptor 3 ( @entity4375 -3) Ligand Using Parabiotic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity164 :: ('MESH:D017827', 'Disease') :: ['WT', 'WT-WT pairs', 'wild type']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To determine the relationship between contextual variables, emotional state, and quality of life (QOL) now and expectations for the future in survivors of @entity0 . DESIGN: Descriptive and nonexperimental. SETTING AND SAMPLE: 148 volunteers and @entity1 with @entity0 involved in a program by the American @entity5 Society. Most subjects were middle-aged (mean = 52.4, SD = 11.56), were married (72%), and had graduated high school (38%). Time since diagnosis was 0.3-19 years (mean = 3.54, SD = 3.61); 74% were diagnosed more than five years ago, 54% were not receiving any treatment, and 66% had localized @entity0 . METHODS: At home, @entity1 completed a self-report survey for personal and contextual variables, Positive and Negative Affect Scale, QOL Measurement, and Global Life Satisfaction Scale. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES: Time since diagnosis, extent of @entity5 , emotional state, QOL, and global life satisfaction. FINDINGS: @entity1 had high positive affect (mean = 37.96) and low negative affect (mean = 17.13). QOL and life satisfaction were high. Time since diagnosis and extent of disease were related weakly to negative affect and QOL (p < 0.001). Positive and negative affect were related moderately to QOL and life satisfaction (p < 0.001). Current personal life satisfaction was significantly greater than @entity0 survivors' estimates for "most @entity1 ," and survivors expected life satisfaction to increase significantly in five years (p < 0.001). Significant differences in QOL were found between those who were diagnosed recently and those who were diagnosed 10 or more years previously. CONCLUSIONS: Despite @entity0 , @entity1 have positive affect, good QOL, and life satisfaction. Contextual variables were related weakly to outcomes; emotions were related more strongly to outcomes. Survivors were more satisfied with life than they estimated others to be and expected satisfaction to increase in the future. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: Nurses may use these findings to encourage @entity1 who are newly diagnosed with @entity0 . @entity1 with @entity0 adapt well despite potential negative outcomes, and survivors even report better QOL than they estimate for most @entity1 .

title: Contextual variables, emotional state, and current and expected quality of life in XXXX survivors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'Women', 'people']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of isolated limb perfusion (ILP) with @entity5 necrosis factor alpha ( @entity310 ) and melphalan on circulating T cells from @entity5 @entity1 using two different methods. DESIGN: Eight @entity1 undergoing an ILP entered the study. At first, the number of T cells at several time points was determined using FACScan. Subsequently, production of @entity379 ) ( @entity3646 (T-helper 2) was measured at the intracytoplasmic level after stimulation with @entity1359 ( @entity4515 ) and @entity1360 . @entity379 , @entity3646 and @entity1199 (also T-helper 1) production in the whole-blood cell culture system was then determined after stimulation with a combination of anti-CD3/anti- @entity1361 monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: An enormous decrease in the number of circulating T cells was observed. In the remaining T-cell population cytokine production ( @entity1199 , @entity3646 , @entity379 ) was @entity308 , showing the same pattern in both methods. No difference could be detected between the effect of @entity310 and melphalan on @entity1198 cells and Th2 cells. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate that @entity310 and melphalan reduce the number of circulating T cells and at the single-cell level decrease cytokine production in the remaining circulating T cells. No selective effect of @entity310 on @entity1198 or Th2 cells could be detected. If the impaired T-cell function is representative of all T cells remaining in the systemic circulation, this could help to explain the tolerability of high TNF concentrations after ILP, perhaps by decreasing the synthesis and production of T-cell-derived cytokines.

title: Effects of @entity5 necrosis factor alpha and melphalan on the cytokine production of circulating T cells in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1359 :: ('CHEBI:37537', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate']

entities_list: @entity1360 :: ('MESH:D015759', 'Chemical') :: ['ionomycin']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['interferon gamma (IFN-gamma', 'IFN-gamma']

entities_list: @entity3646 :: ('3565', 'Gene') :: ['IL-4', 'T-helper 1) and interleukin (IL) 4']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The accurate prediction of the risk of @entity1164 ( @entity1164 ) in @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ) remains elusive. Corrected QT interval (QTc) duration is a known risk factor in various cardiac conditions. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been linked to @entity3656 , and to @entity1164 . Here we investigated the role of 21 candidate SNPs in QTc duration and @entity1164 events in @entity1 with @entity1121 . METHODS AND RESULTS: This @entity1121 registry-based study included @entity1 with an ECG, medical history, first @entity1164 event data, and DNA available. Each individual SNP was assessed using logistic regression for associations with 2 outcomes: a prolonged QTc ( >= 440 milliseconds), and first @entity1164 event ( @entity1164 , resuscitated @entity1167 , and appropriate @entity737 ( @entity737 ) shock for @entity2224 / @entity1165 (VF/VT). In 272 @entity1121 @entity1 , there were 31 @entity1164 events (8 @entity1164 , 9 resuscitated @entity1167 , 14 @entity737 shocks for VF/VT; 11%). A QTc >=  500 milliseconds was associated with @entity1164 events on multivariate analysis (odds ratio [OR] = 4.0, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-12.02, P = 0.016). In 228 Caucasian @entity1 , 2 SNPs in the @entity40864 gene ( @entity71242 and @entity59871 ) were associated with a prolonged QTc after correction for multiple testing. This remained significant after adjustment for current age, sex, and >= 1 @entity1164 risk factor (OR 1.59 per copy of the minor allele, 95% CI 1.08-2.39, P = 0.022, and OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.09-2.49, P = 0.020, respectively). No SNPs were directly associated with @entity1164 events. CONCLUSION: SNPs in the @entity40864 gene influence QTc interval duration but we have not demonstrated a direct association with the risk of @entity1164 .

title: XXXX Polymorphisms Modify QTc Interval Duration But Not Cardiac Arrest Risk in @entity1121 .

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death', 'SCD']

entities_list: @entity3656 :: ('MESH:D007870', 'Disease') :: ['QTc length']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['ICD', 'implantable cardioverter defibrillator']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['HCM', 'hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity40864 :: (9722,Gene) :: ['NOS1AP']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the combined effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and home-based occupational therapy on activities of daily living (ADL) and grip strength, in @entity1 with @entity73 following @entity1779 ( @entity1779 ). METHODS: A double-blind randomized controlled trial with one-week follow-up. @entity1 received five consecutive days of occupational therapy at home, combined with either anodal (n   =   8) or sham (n   =   7) tDCS. The primary outcome was ADL performance, which was assessed with the Jebsen-Taylor test (JTT). RESULTS: Both groups improved JTT over time (p   <   0.01). The anodal group improved grip strength compared with the sham group from baseline to post-assessment (p   =   0.025). However, this difference was attenuated at one-week follow-up. There was a non-significant tendency for greater improvement in JTT in the anodal group compared with the sham group, from baseline to post-assessment (p   =   0.158). CONCLUSIONS: Five consecutive days of tDCS combined with occupational therapy provided greater improvements in grip strength compared with occupational therapy alone. tDCS is a promising add-on intervention regarding training of @entity73 . It is well tolerated by @entity1 and can easily be applied for home-based training. Larger studies with long-term follow-up are needed to further explore possible effects of tDCS in @entity1 with @entity1779 . Implications for Rehabilitation Five consecutive days of tDCS combined with occupational therapy provided greater improvements in grip strength compared with occupational therapy alone. tDCS is well tolerated by @entity1 and can easily be applied for home-based rehabilitation.

title: Combined transcranial direct current stimulation and home-based occupational therapy for XXXX following @entity1779 : a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['upper limb motor impairment']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['ICH', 'intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['upper limb motor impairment']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To improve the efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for @entity157 ( @entity157 ), this study evaluated the prevalence and causes of extrahepatic arteries (EHAs) and identified feeding arteries in HCCs in three independent clinical groups in a single inverventional radiology center. Between November 2011 and September 2012, 942 cases of @entity157 were included in this retrospective study. The @entity1 were treated in three independent groups of 285, 301 and 356 @entity1 , respectively. Enhanced computed tomography, enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and digital subtraction angiography were reviewed retrospectively and correlations between the presence of @entity5 -feeding EHAs and @entity5 number, size and location in the liver, number of repeat TACE procedures and complications were assessed. There were 698 EHAs in the 942 cases of @entity157 , with 182, 233 and 283 EHAs in the three independent groups, respectively. @entity5 size was associated with EHA formation; the percentages of @entity1 with EHAs were 2.7  3.0, 5.5  0.5, 43.2  4.0, 61.8  5.2 and 93.4  1.8% with @entity5 sizes of 2-3, 3-5, 5-7, 7-9 and >9 cm, respectively. There were 159  19 EHAs in each group feeding @entity5 in peripheral locations in the liver, but only 48.7  6.8 in the central zone. The most common EHA was the @entity7244 , with a mean of 101.0  14.1 per group. The number of EHAs increased proportionally with the number of TACE sessions. The number of EHAs was positively associated with @entity5 size, peripheral location of the @entity5 and number of TACE sessions.

title: Evaluation of extrahepatic collateral arteries in XXXX in three independent groups in a single center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity7244 :: ('MESH:D020765', 'Disease') :: ['right inferior phrenic artery']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prevention of primary damage caused by @entity542 may be avoided with protective measures and techniques which is a public health concern. Experimental and clinical studies about treatment of @entity542 were all centered to prevent @entity16 caused by physiopathological changes following primary injury. Neuroprotective features of @entity2930 were the focus of several experimental studies in the last decade. In the present study we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of @entity803 in an experimental model of blunt @entity1545 in @entity35 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: 32 male @entity35 were divided into four experimental groups (n = 8). @entity542 was not performed in control group (group 1, craniectomy only). In the second group, @entity542 and craniectomy were performed. Intraperitoneal saline was used in addition to trauma and craniectomy for treatment in group 3 whereas intraperitoneal @entity803 and saline were used for treatment in group 4. RESULTS: When histological examinations performed by transmission electron microscopy were evaluated, injury at ultrastructural level was demonstrated to be less pronounced in @entity803 group with decreased lipid peroxidation levels. CONCLUSION: In accordance with these findings, we conclude that systemic @entity803 administration is effective in reduction of secondary @entity75 and @entity2657 and thus it may be considered as a therapeutic option.

title: Neuroprotective effects of @entity2930 on blunt @entity542 : An experimental study on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['brain edema']

entities_list: @entity2930 :: ('MESH:D013754', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracyclines']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['secondary damage']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['Head trauma', 'head trauma']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Physical activity reduces, whereas exposure to air pollution increases, the risk of premature mortality. Physical activity amplifies respiratory uptake and deposition of air pollutants in the lung, which may augment acute harmful effects of air pollution during exercise. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to examine whether benefits of physical activity on mortality are moderated by long-term exposure to high air pollution levels in an urban setting. METHODS: A total of 52,061 subjects (50-65 years of age) from the Danish Diet, @entity5 , and Health cohort, living in Aarhus and Copenhagen, reported data on physical activity in 1993-1997 and were followed until 2010. High exposure to air pollution was defined as the upper 25th percentile of modeled @entity7459 ( @entity6836 ) levels at residential addresses. We associated participation in sports, cycling, gardening, and walking with total and cause-specific mortality by Cox regression, and introduced @entity6836 as an interaction term. RESULTS: In total, 5,534 subjects died: 2,864 from @entity5 , 1,285 from @entity65 , 354 from @entity1576 , and 122 from @entity6 . Significant inverse associations of participation in sports, cycling, and gardening with total, cardiovascular, and @entity6 mortality were not modified by @entity6836 . Reductions in respiratory mortality associated with cycling and gardening were more pronounced among @entity1 with moderate/low @entity6836 [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.72 and 0.55; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.73, respectively] than with high @entity6836 exposure (HR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.54, 1.11 and HR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.55, 1.18, p-interaction = 0.09 and 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In general, exposure to high levels of traffic-related air pollution did not modify associations, indicating beneficial effects of physical activity on mortality. These novel findings require replication in other study populations. Citation: Andersen ZJ, de Nazelle A, @entity2704 , Garcia-Aymerich J, Hertel O, Tj  nneland A, Overvad K, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ. 2015. A study of the combined effects of physical activity and air pollution on mortality in elderly urban residents: the Danish Diet, @entity5 , and Health cohort. Environ Health Perspect 123:557-563;   http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408698.

title: A Study of the Combined Effects of Physical Activity and Air Pollution on Mortality in Elderly Urban Residents: The Danish Diet, XXXX , and Health Cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity7459 :: ('MESH:D009585', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen dioxide']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: We used naming and pointing tests and a proverb completion task to compare two cases of @entity2026 that exhibited a selective disturbance of word processing. One @entity1 had @entity5547 with word comprehension difficulty due to partial ablation of the left temporal lobe and the other @entity1 had @entity2026 due to @entity194 with left temporal predominance. We presented 90 pictures of common objects divided into 9 categories in the naming and pointing tests, and used 10 well-known Japanese proverbs as stimuli in the proverb completion task. Performance of the naming and pointing tests was severely impaired in both @entity1 . In the @entity1 with @entity5547 , words the @entity1 could not name or point to varied from session to session and phonemic cue effects were frequently observed. The proverb completion phenomenon was positive. These findings indicate that the @entity1 had an obstruction of the access route to the intact word store or a partial rarefaction of the word store itself. In the @entity1 with @entity2026 , the words the @entity1 could not name or point to were consistent from one occasion to another, and no phonemic cue effects or signs of familiarity were observed at all. The proverb completion phenomenon was totally negative. These findings indicate that the @entity1 has lost the word store itself. MR images in the case of @entity5547 revealed a lesion extending from the anterior to the central portion of the inferior part of the left temporal lobe. In the case of @entity2026 , the MR images displayed knife-edged focal @entity194 in the anterior aspect of both temporal lobes, more prominently on the left.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Comparison between @entity5547 with word comprehension difficulty and XXXX due to @entity194 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2026 :: ('MESH:D001037', 'Disease') :: ['aphasia', 'Gogi aphasia']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy', 'lobar atrophy']

answer: @entity2026 :: (MESH:D001037,Disease) :: ['Gogi aphasia']


abstract: The OMGE multinational survey of @entity1 with @entity360 demonstrated that it was possible to predict @entity1 outcome, using a computer and a database of information from many centres. It remained to be seen whether this database could be used in specific remote areas of the world. To answer this question, two areas have been studied, Sikkim and China. In Sikkim, when the computer-aided prognostic system was used, 69% of @entity1 put into a high-risk group for rebleeding actually did so; and 54% died. By contrast, only 2% of @entity1 placed into a low-risk group for rebleeding did so. As there is little computer technology in Sikkim, a simplified scoring system was developed which gave the same predictive accuracy as the computer system. In China there was a slightly lower accuracy with both systems. Hence a new database and scoring system were created, using only information from Chinese @entity1 . This database improved the results. From the studies it is suggested that these types of systems can be of value to @entity1 in remote areas by targeting @entity1 at high risk rebleeding or dying, so that the scarce resources available can be best used.

title: Use of a multinational survey to provide clinical guidelines for XXXX in developing countries.

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['upper gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['upper gastrointestinal bleeding']


abstract: @entity4013 of the skin and nails is a common problem in remote Aboriginal communities of the Top End of Australia. A retrospective study was performed on data collected from 104 @entity1 from several indigenous communities. Worksheets were filled in by district medical officers and rural general practitioners, detailing the extent of the @entity4013 . @entity1 were prescribed between 4 and 12 weeks of 250 mg daily oral @entity8974 . Fifty-two @entity1 were followed up, with 45 having a good response to treatment (87%) and with 22 of these @entity1 having full clearance of @entity4013 (42%). A prospective study with 44 subjects was performed. The extent of the @entity4013 was documented and fungal scrapings/clippings were taken. Forty subjects were recruited and given oral @entity8974 (2-12 weeks depending on skin/nail involvement) or topical @entity8974 if oral treatment was contraindicated. Twenty-five of the 40 (63%) subjects were reviewed. Twenty-three (92%) subjects that were followed up improved clinically, with 8/25 (32%) clearing completely. Twenty (80%) of followed-up @entity1 complied fully with treatment. @entity8974 was found to be a well-tolerated and effective treatment of @entity4013 of the skin and nails.

title: Use of @entity8974 for XXXX in Australian Aboriginal communities in the Top End.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8974 :: ('MESH:C041359', 'Chemical') :: ['Terbinafine', 'terbinafine']

answer: @entity4013 :: (MESH:D014005,Disease) :: ['tinea']