abstract: BACKGROUND: Asthma is a process of @entity32 that may be worsened by the activation of neutrophils during acute exacerbations. OBJECTIVE: We investigated our hypothesis that changes in cellular activation may be detectable in peripheral blood (PB) during late-phase @entity565 and during clinical exacerbations. METHODS: Twenty-one stable @entity748 (9 on treatment with @entity2263 -agonists only, 12 using inhaled corticosteroids) and 10 nonasthmatic volunteers were first compared using flow cytometry to measure @entity2263 -integrin ( @entity9536 / @entity1454 ) expression. Production of reactive @entity26 species (ROS) was evaluated employing chemiluminescence. Next, 8 mild @entity748 were assessed using similar methods before and after allergen-induced late asthmatic reactions (LARs). Finally, 4 asthmatic subjects were evaluated over 3 months, and symptoms, peak expiratory flow (PEF) and ROS production were measured. Episodes of @entity1576 (exacerbations) were identified and their association with ROS production was examined. RESULTS: No differences were detected in adhesion molecule expression and ROS production comparing the normal and asthmatic groups. However, after development of the LAR, significant reductions in @entity9536 neutrophil expression (mean fluorescence intensity; MFI) were observed [before: 994 +/- 102 MFI (mean +/- SEM) versus after: 424 +/- 81 MFI; p < 0.01]. Furthermore, strong associations were found between decreases in @entity9536 and the severity of the LAR (r = 0.9; p < 0.02). In the clinical study, ROS production was significantly lower during exacerbations (median 43%; p < 0.05). Again, this measurement was significantly associated with reductions in PEF (r = 0.5, p < 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with mild stable @entity565 , no differences in the activation of circulating neutrophils were detectable compared to nonasthmatic individuals. During episodes of @entity1224 , in the laboratory and in clinical disease, neutrophil activation decreased in PB, conceivably because activated cells may be preferentially sequestered in the lung.

title: Reduced activation of peripheral blood neutrophils after late-phase asthmatic responses but not in mild stable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatics']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic allergic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory morbidity']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic airway obstruction']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Summary INTRODUCTION: Despite the importance of @entity3406 and @entity3407 release from orthodontic brackets, there are no in vivo or in vitro studies on this issue in the case of metal-injection molding (MIM) brackets. METHODS: Saliva samples were collected from 30 orthodontic @entity1 divided randomly into two groups of conventional and MIM brackets, before treatment and 2 months later. Approved attendees with odd and even numbers were, respectively, assigned to the control and treatment groups. For blinding, the @entity1 were not informed of their bracket types, and the saliva samples were coded. @entity3406 and @entity3407 levels were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Data were analysed using repeated-measures two-way analysis of covariance, independent-samples t-test, chi-squared, Spearman and point-biserial correlation coefficients, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon tests (a = 0.05). RESULTS: Mean @entity3406 level increased from 7.87  8.14 (pre-treatment) to 12.57  9.96 (2nd month) in the control group, and from 8.62  9.85 (pre-treatment) to 8.86  6.42   g/l in the MIM group. Both of these increases were significant (Wilcoxon P < 0.03). Average @entity3407 level changed from 0.25  0.56 (pre-treatment) to 0.35  0.62 and from 0.42  0.48 to 0.26  0.57   g/l in the MIM group. Only the reduction observed in the MIM group was significant (Wilcoxon P = 0.0438). Age and gender had no significant influence on ion levels (P > 0.1). The differences between both ions' levels measured in the 60th day in both bracket groups were not significant (Mann-Whitney P > 0.05). The extents of changes over time were not significantly different between the bracket types (Mann-Whitney P > 0.05). LIMITATIONS: The sample size was not predetermined based on power calculations. The spectrophotometer was limited to detecting @entity3407 concentrations above 0.25   g/l. Ion discharge from brackets might continuously change. The current in vivo methods are unable to take such fluctuations into account. CONCLUSION: @entity3406 might increase in @entity1 undergoing treatment with both bracket types, although the rate of increase might be greater in @entity1 under treatment with conventional brackets. Using MIM brackets might reduce salivary @entity3407 for a trivial but generalizable amount. Still, ion levels leached from conventional versus MIM brackets might not show a difference after 2 months. Age and gender might not affect the ion levels in normal @entity1 or orthodontic @entity1 . REGISTRATION: The protocol is registered offline at the university library.Protocol: The protocol was not published before the trail commencement.Funding: Self-funded (S. H.). Conflict of interest: None to declare.

title: Effects of fixed orthodontic treatment using conventional versus metal-injection molding brackets on salivary XXXX and @entity3407 levels: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity3406 :: ('MESH:D009532', 'Chemical') :: ['nickel', 'Nickel']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity3407 :: ('MESH:D002857', 'Chemical') :: ['chromium']

answer: @entity3406 :: (MESH:D009532,Chemical) :: ['nickel']


abstract: Endoscopic @entity384 (EPBD) is an alternative method of endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST). Although concerns regarding post-procedure @entity788 have been expressed, EPBD has come to be recognized as an effective and safe method for stone removal in specific cases. To analyze the proper indications, ideal methods, complications, and long-term follow-up results for EPBD, we reviewed articles about EPBD located through a search of the PubMed data base. We analyzed the ballooning methods, indications, results and complications of EPBD among the articles found and compared the results with those of EST. We considered the authors' own clinical experience and knowledge in developing recommendations for EPBD. EPBD showed similar efficacy and safety for the removal of @entity2877 to that of EST. Although large or multiple stones were difficult to remove by EPBD, it was safer and easier to apply in @entity1 with @entity1003 or abnormal anatomy. To prevent severe @entity788 , @entity661 should be avoided, and precut sphincterotomy or adjuvant prophylaxis should be considered. Due to its preservation of the sphincter of Oddi, EPBD is expected to have fewer long-term complications, such as stone recurrence, @entity255 and @entity2679 . In conclusion, EPBD appears to be safe and effective for the treatment of @entity2877 with proper selection of ballooning methods and @entity1 .

title: Endoscopic XXXX for removal of @entity2877 : indications, advantages, complications, and long-term follow-up results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['papillary balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['excessive ballooning and impractical cannulation']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity2877 :: ('MESH:D042883', 'Disease') :: ['choledocholithiasis']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['papillary balloon dilation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity47460 @entity1737 is an @entity74 due to @entity47460 mutations. Anticholinesterase therapy is ineffective and may worsen the @entity425 in @entity1 with @entity47460 @entity1737 or few other forms of @entity8491 . We describe a 31-year-old @entity1 previously diagnosed with seronegative @entity1737 . Repetitive stimulation of the right spinal accessory nerve showed 51% decrement. Needle electromyography revealed @entity121 in clinically affected muscles. Muscle biopsy was normal. The @entity1 was referred to us for worsening @entity425 after taking @entity4836 . We searched for @entity47460 mutations and identified compound heterozygous mutations of a common @entity71411 mutation and a novel splice site mutation, @entity71412 . Discontinuation of @entity4836 improved @entity425 . He further regained strength with oral @entity3045 therapy and decrement was reduced to 25%. Worsening of symptoms with anticholinesterase therapy in @entity1 with "seronegative @entity1737 " should prompt clinicians to consider a possibility of @entity8491 to avoid unnecessary use of immunosuppressive therapy. @entity1 with @entity47460 @entity1737 respond well to oral @entity3045 treatment.

title: Anticholinesterase Therapy Worsening Head Drop and Limb Weakness Due to a Novel XXXX Mutation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity71412 :: ('c|INDEL|772+2_+4|CCGGGCAGGCGGGCA', 'DNAMutation') :: ['c.772+2_+4delinsCCGGGCAGGCGGGCA']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['albuterol']

entities_list: @entity4836 :: ('MESH:D011729', 'Chemical') :: ['pyridostigmine']

entities_list: @entity1737 :: ('MESH:D009157', 'Disease') :: ['myasthenia', 'myasthenia gravis']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive congenital myasthenic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity8491 :: ('MESH:D020294', 'Disease') :: ['congenital myasthenic syndromes']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathic changes']

answer: @entity47460 :: (285489,Gene) :: ['DOK7']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity734 ( @entity734 ) are known to interfere with @entity1255 metabolism. @entity3562 may be a risk factor associated in the long-term treatment with @entity734 . Both ge.netic and non-genetic factors are responsible for @entity3562 . @entity9769 @entity9770 polymorphism leads to the reduction in enzyme activity and subsequent elevation of plasma @entity1255 . This study aimed to investigate the role of @entity9769 @entity9770 polymorphism in @entity302 @entity1 receiving @entity734 as monotherapy ( @entity3174 , @entity2049 , and @entity1092 ) and showing @entity137 and non- @entity137 , and the impact of @entity734 on @entity3562 in North Indian population. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: Blood samples for this case-control study were collected from the outpatient depart.ment and wards of the Department of Neurosciences at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, between July 2008 and May 2010. @entity1 AND METHODS: In this study, 200 @entity302 @entity1 and 100 normal controls were assessed for total @entity1255 (tHcy), @entity2186 , and @entity1501 levels using enhanced chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay method (ImmuliteR, 1000 systems, DPC, United States); genotyping of @entity9769 @entity9770 was done using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. RESULTS: The results showed a significant increase in tHcy levels in @entity302 @entity1 with @entity137 and non- @entity137 than in normal controls (P < .005). The allelic and genotypic distributions were found to be statistically significant in @entity137 and non- @entity137 groups (P < .05). CONCLUSION: The result confirmed that @entity3562 is common in adults receiving AED treatment for @entity302 with @entity137 and non- @entity137 groups. This increase in tHcy is mainly related to low @entity1501 and vita.min B12 levels, which are the main determinants for tHcy.

title: Impact of @entity9769 ( XXXX ) gene polymorphism on antiepileptic drug monotherapy in North Indian @entity302 population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium valproate']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity3562 :: ('MESH:D020138', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperhomocysteinemia', 'hyperhomocysteinemia']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['AEDs', 'Antiepileptic drugs']

answer: @entity9770 :: (c|SUB|C|677|T,DNAMutation) :: ['C677T']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate use of the axial anchor screw system in the treatment of condylar process @entity174 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Seven adult @entity1 with displaced condylar process @entity174 were treated using axial anchor screw fixation. Indications for surgery were severe dislocation of the condyle and occlusal changes. Clinical and radiologic examinations were performed 6 weeks, 6 months, and approximately 2 years postoperatively (range, 18 to 30 months). Clinical factors recorded were occlusion, range of mandibular movement, and findings on palpation of the temporomandibular joints. Ramus height and angulation between the mandibular ramus and the dislocated condyle were measured and compared with the contralateral side preoperatively and at the last follow-up. RESULTS: The postoperative course was uneventful in most @entity1 . All were free of @entity158 , and the occlusion and facial symmetry were normal. Radiographs generally showed excellent @entity174 reduction. Translation of the condyles on mouth opening was symmetrical. No signs of resorption or @entity571 were evident in most cases. However, some @entity1 had complications. These involved unsatisfactory reduction in one @entity1 causing @entity3061 at the @entity174 line. In another @entity1 bone over the screw fractured and the condyle and the screw tilted in a medial direction. CONCLUSION: Treatment of condylar process @entity174 using the axial anchor screw system is ideal in certain cases. The complications and difficulties seen may be avoidable by appropriate @entity1 selection and techniques.

title: Surgical treatment of condylar process XXXX using axial anchor screw fixation: a preliminary follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthrosis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity3061 :: ('MESH:D010014', 'Disease') :: ['osteolysis']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: In the present study the effect of @entity284 (M) on gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the @entity35 hypothalamus was investigated. The specificity of the M effect was demonstrated by injecting M (100 ng) and the M antagonist, @entity1510 (5 ng), into the ventromedial hypothalamus. A significant drop in the blood @entity251 level (p less than 0.05) 15 min following M injection and reversal following @entity1510 administration suggest a decrease in synthesis or release of @entity7438 . To determine whether the @entity7438 response to @entity935 (DA) is altered by M, studies were conducted in vitro and in vivo. For the in vitro study hypothalami were incubated with M (10(-7) M), DA (10(-7) M), DA plus M, and DA plus M plus @entity1510 . Supernatants from the incubate were used to coincubate pituitaries in order to study the effect on luteinizing hormone release. Treatment of the hypothalamus with M had no effect on basal but inhibited the DA-stimulated release of @entity7438 . For the in vivo study @entity35 were pretreated with decarboxylase inhibitor ( @entity18776 ) followed by treatment per kilogram body weight with M (10 mg), L-dopa (1, 10, and 100 mg), L-dopa plus M, @entity7438 (500 ng), and M plus @entity7438 . M had no effect on the @entity7438 -induced increase in @entity251 levels, whereas the L-dopa-induced increase in @entity251 was blunted by M treatment. It is concluded that M blocks the DA-mediated release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the @entity35 hypothalamus.

title: @entity284 blocks XXXX -mediated release of gonadotropins in @entity35 hypothalamus.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: @entity1702 ( @entity1702 ) are a surgery-sparing option for malignant @entity694 . They can be inserted as a "bridge to surgery" (BTS) for potentially curable disease, or as a palliative measure, thereby avoiding the higher morbidity and mortality associated with surgery. The objective of this study was to report our local experience of left-sided colonic stents. METHODS: Data on 49 @entity1 was collected retrospectively from Oct 2008 to Nov 2014 at our @entity5 centre. This included demographics, baseline clinical characteristics, indications for @entity1702 placement (bridge to surgery/palliative), technical and clinical success, complications, and the mean patency of duration. Survival in both groups was also plotted on a Kaplan-Meier chart. RESULTS: A total of 49 @entity1 with @entity14 ( @entity14 ) of the left side were enrolled. The mean age was 50  years (range 18-86). Ninety percent of @entity1 had disease involving the rectum, sigmoid colon, or both. Forty-seven percent (n   =   23) of @entity1 had stent insertion as a BTS, whereas 53  % (n   =   26) had the procedure with palliative intent. Technical and clinical success rates were 96  and 88  %, respectively. The clinical success rate of the palliative arm was lower than that of the BTS arm (p   =   0.024). 87.5  % (n   =   42) had no procedure-related complications. Technical failure, perforation, and stent migration/expulsion, were each observed in 4  % of cases. Mean stent patency duration was 83.9  days. CONCLUSION: @entity1702 insertion for left-sided malignant @entity694 is a safe and effective procedure when used either as a bridge to surgery or with palliative intent.

title: @entity1702 ( XXXX ) in Left-Sided @entity694 -a @entity5 Center Experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1702 :: ('MESH:D013651', 'Disease') :: ['Self-Expanding Metallic Stents', 'SEMS']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic obstruction']

answer: @entity1702 :: (MESH:D013651,Disease) :: ['SEMS']


abstract: Recent studies suggested that different types of OFF bipolar cells express specific types of ionotropic ( @entity140 or @entity4176 ) @entity2227 receptors (GluRs) at their contacts with cone pedicles. However, the question of which GluR type is expressed by which type of OFF bipolar cell in primate retina is still open. In this study, the expression of @entity140 and @entity4176 receptor subunits at the @entity162 (FMB) cells was analyzed in the retina of the @entity7533 , @entity7533 . We used preembedding electron microscopy and double immunofluorescence with subunit-specific antibodies. The FMB cells were labeled with antibodies against the @entity1735 epitope CD15. Cone pedicles were identified with peanut agglutinin. Immunoreactivity for the GluR1 subunit and for CD15 is preferentially located at triad-associated flat contacts. Furthermore, the large majority of GluR1 immunoreactive puncta is localized at the dendritic tips of FMB cells. These results suggest that FMB cells express the @entity140 receptor subunit GluR1. In contrast, the @entity4176 receptor subunit GluR5 is not colocalized with the dendritic tips of FMB cells or with the GluR1 subunit. Immunoreactive puncta for the GluR1 subunit are found at all M/L-cone pedicles but are only rarely associated with S-cone pedicles. This is consistent with our recent findings in marmoset retina that FMB cells do not contact S-cone pedicles. The presence of GluR5 clusters at S-cone pedicles indicates that in primate retinas OFF bipolar cells expressing @entity4176 receptor subunits receive some S-cone input.

title: OFF midget bipolar cells in the retina of the marmoset, @entity7533 , express XXXX receptors.

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['dendritic tips of flat (OFF) midget bipolar']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity7533 :: ('9483', 'Species') :: ['Callithrix jacchus', 'common marmoset']

answer: @entity140 :: (MESH:D018350,Chemical) :: ['AMPA']


abstract: The gradient diffusion of ionic @entity3208 micelles in agarose gel was investigated at moderate concentrations above the CMC. Of particular interest were the effects of micelle, gel, and @entity2827 concentration on the micelle diffusivity. Holographic interferometry was used to measure the gradient diffusion coefficient at three @entity2827 concentrations (0, 0.03, 0.10 M), three gel concentrations (0, 1, 2 wt%), and several surfactant concentrations. Time-resolved fluorescence quenching was used to measure aggregation numbers both in solution and gel. The micelle diffusivity increased linearly with surfactant concentration at the two larger @entity2827 concentrations and all gel concentrations. In general, the strength of this effect increased with decreasing @entity2827 concentration and increased with gel concentration. This behavior is evidence of decreasing micelle-micelle electrostatic interactions with increasing @entity2827 concentrations, and increasing excluded volume effects and hydrodynamic screening with increasing gel concentration, respectively. The only exception was at 0.1M @entity2827 and 2 wt% agarose, which showed a slight reduction in the slope compared to 1 wt% agarose. It was found that the concentration effect is quite strong for charged solutes: at a @entity1219 concentration of 0.03 M in a 2% agarose gel, in a solution with 3% @entity214 micelles by volume, the micelle diffusion coefficient is doubled relative to its value in the same gel at infinite dilution. The extrapolated, infinite-dilution diffusion coefficients and the rate at which the micelle diffusivity increased with surfactant concentration were compared with predictions of previously published theories in which the micelles are treated as charged, colloidal spheres and the gel as a Brinkman medium. The experimental data and theoretical predictions were in good agreement.

title: Diffusion of XXXX micelles in agarose gels.

entities_list: @entity2827 :: ('MESH:D012965', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium chloride']

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

answer: @entity3208 :: (MESH:D012967,Chemical) :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: An efficient and robust method to measure @entity560 ( @entity14951 ( @entity14282 ) and @entity71047 in dried blood spots (DBS) has been developed and applied in the pan-European multi-centre, internet-based, personalised nutrition intervention study Food4Me. The method includes calibration with blood containing endogenous @entity14282 , spotted as DBS and corrected for haematocrit content. The methodology was validated following international standards. The performance characteristics did not reach those of the current gold standard liquid chromatography-MS/MS in plasma for all parameters, but were found to be very suitable for status-level determination under field conditions. DBS sample quality was very high, and 3778 measurements of @entity14282 were obtained from 1465 @entity1 . The study centre and the season within the study centre were very good predictors of @entity14282 levels (P<0  001 for each case). Seasonal effects were modelled by fitting a sine function with a minimum @entity14282 level on 20 January and a maximum on 21 July. The seasonal amplitude varied from centre to centre. The largest difference between winter and summer levels was found in Germany and the smallest in Poland. The model was cross-validated to determine the consistency of the predictions and the performance of the DBS method. The Pearson's correlation between the measured values and the predicted values was r 0  65, and the sd of their differences was 21  2 nmol/l. This includes the analytical variation and the biological variation within subjects. Overall, DBS obtained by unsupervised sampling of the @entity1 at home was a viable methodology for obtaining @entity560 status information in a large nutritional study.

title: Application of dried blood spots to determine XXXX status in a large nutritional study with unsupervised sampling: the Food4Me project.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity71047 :: ('MESH:D015652', 'Chemical') :: ['25-hydroxy vitamin D2']

entities_list: @entity14951 :: ('MESH:D002112', 'Chemical') :: ['25-hydroxy vitamin D3']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity560 :: (MESH:D014807,Chemical) :: ['vitamin D']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Phylloides @entity5 are rare @entity0 with a variable clinical course depending on the @entity5 category. Along with histologic features, the role of immunohistochemical staining has been studied in predicting their behavior. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to evaluate the role of @entity2282 immunohistochemical staining in predicting survival, recurrence and @entity3 in phylloides @entity5 . We also evaluated correlations of other clinicopathological features with overall and disease-free survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity2282 expression was studied in 82 phylloides @entity5 divided into recurrent/metastatic and non-recurrent/non-metastatic cohorts. The Chi-square test was applied to determine the significance of differences in @entity2282 expression between outcome cohorts. Uni and multivariate survival analyses were also performed using log-rank test and Cox regression hazard models. RESULTS: All 3 metastatic cases, 5 out of 6 (83.3%) recurrent cases and 37out of 73 (50.7%) non-recurrent and non-metastatic cases expressed significant (2+ or 3+) staining for @entity2282 . This expression significantly varied between outcome cohorts (p<0.03). @entity5 category and histological features including mitotic count and @entity39 correlated significantly with recurrence and @entity3 . A significant decrease in overall and disease free survival was seen with @entity2282 positivity, malignant category, increased mitoses and @entity39 . Neither @entity2282 expression nor any other clinicopathologic feature proved to be an independent prognostic indicator in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2282 immunohistochemical staining can be used as a predictive tool for phylloides @entity5 but this expression should be interpreted in conjunction with @entity5 category.

title: Role of XXXX Immunohistochemical Expression in Predicting Aggressive Behavior of Phylloides Tumors.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity2282 :: (4311,Gene) :: ['CD10']


abstract: The product of six @entity717 were collected from one @entity1 (consuming a normal western diet) over a period of 5 months. Aqueous faecal extracts were prepared (0.75 g wet wt./ml water) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Graded doses were assayed aerobically and anaerobically for mutagenicity in replicate microtitre fluctuation tests employing @entity3793 reversion in @entity2491 TA100 and @entity2340 reversion in @entity526 WP2uvrA(pKM101), and in aerobic SOS Chromotests, using @entity526 PQ37. The @entity3793 and @entity2340 content of each extract was determined by (i) pre-column derivatisation with @entity20720 followed by reverse-phase h.p.l.c. and (ii) by aerobic and anaerobic bioassays employing appropriate auxotrophic strains of @entity2491 and @entity526 . All six faecal samples contained enough @entity3793 and @entity2340 or their precursors to compromise the interpretation of fluctuation tests. The h.p.l.c. technique, though quantitatively detecting free @entity2340 added to faecal extracts, did not account for growth-enhancing effects of faecal extracts detected by bioassay using bacteria with a requirement for @entity2340 . However, h.p.l.c. detected @entity3793 more efficiently than bioassays. A combination of reconstruction experiments and bioassays enabled construction of 'growth windows' within which, in fluctuation tests, dose-related increases in numbers of positive wells could be ascribed to mutation rather than to feeding of auxotrophic bacteria. Under aerobic conditions of extraction and assay, five out of six samples were mutagenic to @entity2491 TA100, and all six were mutagenic to @entity526 WP2uvrA(pKM101). None of the samples extracted and assayed anaerobically was mutagenic to @entity2491 , but all six were positive in @entity526 WP2uvrA(pKM101). There was an increase both in faecal @entity3793 and @entity2340 and in mutagenicity during the period of collection, the association between faecal @entity2340 and faecal mutagenicity being statistically significant. All the samples were negative in the SOS Chromotests. We conclude that this donor regularly excretes faeces which contain at least two classes of water-soluble directly-acting mutagens which are not detected in SOS Chromotest at doses five times those giving positive effects in fluctuation tests.

title: Further studies on the detection of mutagenic and genotoxic activity in XXXX faeces: aerobic and anaerobic fluctuation tests with @entity2491 and @entity526 , and the SOS Chromotest.

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['S. typhimurium', 'Salmonella typhimurium']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity20720 :: ('MESH:D009764', 'Chemical') :: ['o-phthaldialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['complete bowel movements']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity25306 (OM) can be metabolized to @entity22970 in gastrointestinal ileocecal valve after oral administration, which affects pharmacological activity and reduce bioavailability of OM. A type of multiple-unit alginate-chitosan (Alg-Cs) floating beads was prepared by the ionotropic gelation method for gastroretention delivery of OM. A solid dispersion technique was applied and incorporated into beads to enhance the OM encapsulation efficiency (EE) and sustain the drug release. The surface morphology and internal hollow structure of beads were evaluated using optical microscopy and @entity4653 ( @entity4653 ). The developed Alg-Cs beads were spherical in shape with hollow internal structure and had particle size of 3.49        0.09   mm and 1.33        0.09   mm for wet and dried beads. Over 84% of the optimized OM solid dispersion-loaded Alg-Cs beads were able to continuously float over the simulated gastric fluid for 12   h in vitro. The OM solid dispersion-loaded Alg-Cs beads showed drug EE of 67.07%, which was much higher than that of beads loading with pure OM. Compared with the immediate release of OM capsules and pure OM-loaded beads, the release of OM from solid dispersion-loaded Alg-Cs beads was in a sustained-release manner for 12   h. Prolonged @entity356 time of over 8.5   h was achieved for OM solid dispersion-loaded Alg-Cs floating beads in healthy @entity95 in in vivo floating ability evaluated by X-ray imaging. The developed Alg-Cs beads loading with OM solid dispersion displayed excellent performance features characterized by excellent gastric floating ability, high drug EE and sustained-release pattern. The study illustrated the potential use of Alg-Cs floating beads combined with the solid dispersion technique for prolonging @entity356 and sustaining release of OM, which could provide a promising drug delivery system for gastric-specific delivery of OM for bioavailability enhancement.

title: Development and evaluation of alginate-chitosan gastric floating beads loading with XXXX solid dispersion.

entities_list: @entity25306 :: ('MESH:C037573', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxymatrine']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric retention']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['SEM', 'scanning electron microscopy']

answer: @entity25306 :: (MESH:C037573,Chemical) :: ['oxymatrine']


abstract: @entity4088 is a potent @entity935 agonist and is known to have anti-Parkinson properties. We administered @entity4088 to @entity1 with suboptimal control of @entity191 who had a short-duration response to carbidopa-levodopa in a 6-month, double-blind study. @entity4088 added to the carbidopa-levodopa regimen resulted in both subjective and objective improvement in comparison with placebo. In @entity1 who tolerated @entity4088 , the median time spent in the "off" ( @entity191 ) state was reduced from 5.0 to 2.2 hours daily (compared with a 0.3-hour reduction in the placebo group). These @entity1 were able to decrease the median frequency of carbidopa-levodopa dosage from 7.5 to 5.0 doses daily (no change in the placebo group). Prolongation of the "on" response (optimal response to treatment) to single doses of drugs was corroborated by monitoring of the @entity1 ' Parkinson response cycle. The peak response was also improved in most @entity1 . Of 25 @entity1 randomized to the @entity4088 group, 7 were unable to tolerate this drug; @entity911 or @entity1833 occurred in 4 of these @entity1 , and @entity662 , @entity1431 , and nonspecific dizziness, respectively, developed in the other 3. All adverse events were reversible with reduction of the dose or discontinuation of the @entity4088 regimen. In conclusion, @entity1 with @entity191 who experience clinical fluctuations with carbidopa-levodopa may be helped by the addition of @entity4088 to the therapeutic regimen.

title: Treatment of @entity191 with XXXX : a double-blind study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'parkinsonian']

entities_list: @entity4088 :: ('MESH:D010479', 'Chemical') :: ['pergolide', 'Pergolide']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

answer: @entity4088 :: (MESH:D010479,Chemical) :: ['pergolide']


abstract: The nature of inflammatory lymphocytes recruited to the CNS has been studied in a model of @entity32 . Injection of killed Corynebacterium parvum into the cortex of the @entity19 brain produces a circumscribed inflammatory cellular infiltrate around the injection site, and recruited mononuclear inflammatory cells (IC) can be isolated for flow cytometric analysis. The majority of IC were T cells. In comparison with the predominant naive population of mesenteric lymph node T cells, @entity784 cells express much higher levels of @entity3844 , @entity4459 and @entity8024 , and lower levels of CD45RB, features commonly associated with memory (previously activated) cells. In addition, in contrast to the @entity6232 + alpha 6-integrinlow phenotype of naive lymph node T cells, @entity784 cells lacked @entity6232 and were alpha 6-integrin-. @entity3804 , recently proposed as another marker of memory T cell differentiation, was not displayed by @entity784 cells, suggesting that @entity3804 expression may be heterogeneous among memory T cell subsets. A subset of mesenteric lymph node (MLN) T cells, probably representing activated T cells undergoing the naive to memory transition, but not of @entity784 cells, expressed high levels of alpha 6-, beta 7- and alpha E-integrin. IC and MLN naive T cells expressed comparable levels of alpha 4-integrin, but @entity784 cells stain poorly with anti-beta 7 mAbs and with mAb DATK 32, specific for the alpha 4 beta 7 heterodimeric lymphocyte homing receptor for the mucosal addressin @entity37196 , suggesting that these inflammatory cells express more alpha 4 beta 1 than alpha 4 beta 7. Consistent with this, in in vitro adhesion assays, @entity198 bound better than MLN cells to the alpha 4 beta 1 integrin ligand @entity6580 and the @entity4459 ligand @entity8024 but adhered very poorly to the alpha 4 beta 7 ligand @entity37196 . These findings are consistent with and extend previous immunohistological studies of T cells in @entity19 experimental autoimmune @entity1651 , and demonstrate a distinctive phenotype for lymphocytes being present in the chronically inflamed brain.

title: Lymphocytes infiltrating the CNS during @entity32 display a distinctive phenotype and bind to @entity6580 but not to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1651 :: ('MESH:D004679', 'Disease') :: ['encephalomyelitis']

answer: @entity37196 :: (17123(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['MAdCAM-1']


abstract: A large number of compounds may be applied to the teeth for preventive or therapeutic purposes, most notably in dentine @entity56 . The uptake of any one compound by tooth substances may clearly be affected by another to produce synergistic, additive or antagonistic effects. This study determined whether uptake interactions occurred between @entity1388 , @entity1216 , @entity9756 , @entity11721 and @entity219 . All compounds, in particular @entity11721 , showed considerable affinity for dentine. @entity1388 reduced the uptake of @entity219 but not @entity11721 , @entity9756 or @entity1216 . @entity1216 increased the uptake of @entity219 , but not @entity11721 , @entity9756 or @entity1388 . @entity219 and @entity11721 decreased @entity1388 uptake but @entity9756 had no such effect. Finally, @entity1216 uptake was increased by @entity219 and @entity11721 but not by @entity1388 or @entity9756 . Based on the theories proposed for the reaction of these various compounds with calcified tissues, explanations for the interactions can be made. The results appear relevant to some reported clinical effects of combinations of these compounds and indicate that such interactions may have advantageous or disadvantageous consequences depending on the basis for treatment.

title: Dentine XXXX : effect of interactions between metal salts, @entity1388 and @entity1216 on the uptake by dentine.

entities_list: @entity1216 :: ('MESH:D002710', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorhexidine', 'Chlorhexidine']

entities_list: @entity9756 :: ('MESH:D013324', 'Chemical') :: ['strontium']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride', 'Fluoride']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['hypersensitivity']


abstract: Very elderly @entity1 have higher mortality rates than younger @entity1 after @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ). However, the mechanism by which increasing age contributes to such mortality remains unclear. In addition, the efficacy and safety of invasive coronary procedures for octogenarians with @entity1187 have not been well established. We compared the clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcome of 193 octogenarians (mean age, 83 years) with those of 1,462 younger @entity1 (mean age, 64 years) with @entity1187 who underwent emergent coronary angiography. Octogenarians included a greater number of females, had higher rates of @entity66 , a higher Killip class, a higher Forrester class, and lower rates of smoking, @entity6 , and @entity1007 than the younger subjects. Interventions, including percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), were performed less frequently in octogenarians than in younger @entity1 (88.0% versus 90.8%). The procedural success rate in octogenarians did not differ from that in younger @entity1 . However, the in-hospital mortality rate for the octogenarians was about three times higher than for the younger @entity1 (19.2% versus 6.9%). Multivariate analysis revealed that the predictors of in-hospital mortality in the octogenarians were a higher Killip class and a higher Forrester class. Octogenarians with @entity1187 had fewer coronary risk factors and a similar success rate for the intervention, but had more greatly impaired hemodynamics and higher in-hospital mortality than the younger @entity1 . Therefore, impaired myocardial reserve may contribute to a large portion of in-hospital deaths in octogenarians with @entity1187 .

title: In-hospital outcome in octogenarians with XXXX undergoing emergent coronary angiography.

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease and multivessel disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndrome']


abstract: In several species, there is a strong correlation between indicators of @entity4085 ( @entity4085 ) and thromboelastometry results. The @entity1641 has a reliable, temporary, @entity6582 in response to @entity2647 infusion. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of an in-vivo increase in circulating @entity4085 on thromboelastometry results in an @entity1641 model of transient @entity6582 . Six healthy research @entity1641 had whole blood thromboelastometry with contact activator and tissue factor initiation after recalcification of citrated samples. Additional samples were frozen for thrombin-antithrombin (TAT). Complete blood count biochemical analysis, fibrinogen, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and prothrombin time (PT) were performed. Additional samples were taken at 5 min and 2 h after @entity2647 infusion. Thromboelastometry was performed separately on four @entity1641 not receiving @entity2647 with the samples divided and spiked with @entity2647 ex vivo. Red cell count (P<0.001) and hematocrit (P<0.001) were significantly higher at 5 min after @entity2647 compared with baseline and 2 h. There was no change in platelet count, fibrinogen, PT, aPTT, or TAT at any time point. Both ex-tem and in-tem parameters were hypocoagulable at 5 min after @entity2647 compared to baseline and 2 h. There was no effect of @entity2647 in the ex-vivo spiking studies on any of the thromboelastometry parameters. Whole blood thromboelastometry results were hypocoagulable in this @entity1641 model of in-vivo transient @entity6582 only during the polycythemic phase. All other coagulation parameters were unchanged. In the absence of other indicators of hypocoagulability, this may point to an artifact of thromboelastometry. Alternatively, the data may reflect true in-vivo hypocoagulability in @entity1 with increased circulating @entity4085 .

title: In-vitro hypocoagulability on whole blood thromboelastometry associated with in-vivo expansion of XXXX in an @entity1641 model.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6582 :: ('MESH:D011086', 'Disease') :: ['polycythemia']

entities_list: @entity1641 :: ('9796', 'Species') :: ['horses', 'horse', 'equine']

entities_list: @entity4085 :: ('MESH:D009081', 'Disease') :: ['RCM', 'red cell mass']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

answer: @entity4085 :: (MESH:D009081,Disease) :: ['red cell mass']


abstract: There exists a plethora of @entity669 kinases that play essential roles in regulation of eukaryotic proteins. Several dual specificity kinases that phosphorylate proteins on @entity1889 , @entity563 , and @entity669 residues also play critical roles in eukaryotic phosphorylation cascades. In contrast, very few prokaryotic proteins have been shown to be phosphorylated on @entity669 residues, and the functions of the rare examples remain obscure. Furthermore, no dual specificity kinases have been described in prokaryotes. Our results indicate that PutA protein from the bacterium @entity2491 autophosphorylates on several @entity1889 , @entity563 , and @entity669 residues. PutA protein both represses the @entity1521 utilization (put) operon and degrades @entity1521 to @entity2227 . These two opposing functions are regulated by the availability of @entity1521 and the membrane sites needed for the @entity1521 dehydrogenase activity of PutA protein. In addition, these functions are modulated by phosphorylation of PutA protein. The rate of dephosphorylation of PutA protein is determined by the availability of @entity1521 and membranes. Dephosphorylated PutA protein has a higher DNA binding affinity than the phosphorylated protein and thus may prevent toxic overexpression of PutA protein in the absence of available membrane sites.

title: Protein phosphorylation on @entity563 , @entity1889 , and @entity669 residues modulates membrane-protein interactions and transcriptional regulation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella typhimurium']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity1521 :: ('CHEBI:26271', 'Chemical') :: ['proline']

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity2491 :: (90371,Species) :: ['Salmonella typhimurium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Zuccagnia punctata @entity3895 . (Fabaceae) and Larrea nitida @entity3895 . (Zygophyllaceae) are indistinctly or jointly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of @entity364 . Although their @entity1044 ( @entity17058 ) extract have demonstrated moderate antifungal activities when tested on their own, antifungal properties of combinations of both plants have not been assessed previously. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to establish with statistical rigor whether Z. punctata (ZpE) and L. nitida @entity17058 extract (LnE) interact synergistically against the clinically important fungi @entity5132 and @entity7408 and to characterize the most synergistic combinations. STUDY DESIGN: For synergism assessment, the statistical-based Boik's design was applied. Eight ZpE-LnE fixed-ratio mixtures were prepared from four different months of 1  year and tested against Candida strains. L   (Loewe index) of each mixture at different fractions affected (  ) allowed for the finding of the most synergistic combinations, which were characterized by HPLC fingerprint and by the quantitation of the selected marker compounds. METHODS: L   and confidence intervals were determined in vitro with the MixLow method, once the estimated parameters from the dose-response curves of independent extracts and mixtures, were obtained. Markers (four @entity3088 for ZpE and three @entity16296 for LnE) were quantified in each extract and their combinations, with a valid HPLC-UV method. The 3D-HPLC profiles of the most synergistic mixtures were obtained by HPLC-DAD. RESULTS: Three over four IC50ZpE/IC50LnE fixed-ratio mixtures displayed synergistic interactions at effect levels     >  0.5 against @entity5132 . The dosis of the most synergistic (L    =  0.62) mixture was 65.96    g/ml (ZpE  =  28%; LnE  =  72%) containing 8 and 36% of @entity3088 and @entity16296 respectively. On the other hand, one over four IC50ZpE/IC50LnE mixtures displays synergistic interactions at     >  0.5 against @entity7408 . The dosis of the most synergistic (L    =  0.67) mixture was 168.23    g/ml (ZpE  = 27%; LnE  =  73%) with 9.7 and 31.6% of @entity3088 and @entity16296 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Studies with the statistical-based MixLow method, allowed for the finding of the most ZpE-LnE synergistic mixtures, giving support to a proper joint use of both antifungal herbs in traditional medicine.

title: Synergistic mutual potentiation of antifungal activity of Zuccagnia punctata XXXX . and Larrea nitida @entity3895 . extracts in clinical isolates of @entity5132 and @entity7408 .

entities_list: @entity1044 :: ('MESH:D008752', 'Chemical') :: ['dichloromethane']

entities_list: @entity7408 :: ('5478', 'Species') :: ['C. glabrata', 'Candida glabrata']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans', 'C. albicans']

entities_list: @entity3088 :: ('MESH:D005419', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoids']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal-related infections']

answer: @entity3895 :: (10537,Species) :: ['Cav']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity7 pathway inhibitors have been investigated as therapeutic agents in the treatment of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) because of its central role in angiogenesis. These agents have improved survival in @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 , but the effects have been modest. Although @entity319 /KDRis typically localized to the vasculature, amplification ofKDRhas reported to occur in 9% to 30% of the DNA from different @entity2 . We investigated the signaling pathways activated downstream ofKDRand whetherKDRamplification is associated with benefit in @entity1 with @entity1149 treated with the @entity319 inhibitor @entity4733 . METHODS: @entity1149 cell lines with or withoutKDRamplification were studied for the effects of @entity319 @entity4149 kinase inhibitors (TKI) on cell viability and migration. @entity5 samples collected from @entity1 with @entity902 -refractory @entity1149 in the phase III ZODIAC study of @entity4733 plus @entity1205 or placebo plus @entity1205 (N= 294) were screened forKDRamplification by FISH. RESULTS: KDRamplification was associated with @entity7 -induced activation of @entity3470 , @entity1435 , and invasiveness in @entity1149 cell lines. However, @entity319 TKIs did not inhibit proliferation of @entity1149 cell lines withKDRamplification. @entity319 inhibition decreased cell motility as well as expression of @entity7738 inKDR-amplified @entity1149 cells. In the ZODIAC study,KDRamplification was observed in 15% of @entity1 and was not associated with improved progression-free survival, overall survival, or objective response rate for the @entity4733 arm. CONCLUSIONS: Preclinical studies suggestKDRactivates invasion but not survival pathways inKDR-amplified @entity1149 models. @entity1 with @entity1149 whose @entity5 hadKDRamplification were not associated with clinical benefit for @entity4733 in combination with @entity1205 .Clin Cancer Res; 22(8); 1940-50.   2015 AACR.

title: @entity319 Amplification Is Associated with @entity7 -Induced Activation of the XXXX and Invasion Pathways but does not Predict Clinical Benefit to the @entity319 TKI @entity4733 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Archival tumor']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancers']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity4733 :: ('MESH:C452423', 'Chemical') :: ['vandetanib']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity3470 :: (21977(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['mTOR']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The past decade has seen tremendous changes in the management of @entity2419 with the advent of the @entity408 Train project. The present study evaluates the effect of the @entity408 Train project on the demographics of @entity2419 . METHOD: Data collected over the past three decades were studied retrospectively. The number of cases, age at presentation, and relative proportion of @entity3384 @entity1 were analyzed. Thirty @entity1 operated on at the authors' institute for @entity3384 were evaluated for their awareness of @entity2419 , and the results were compared with those of 22 @entity1 operated on elsewhere in camp settings. RESULTS: The numbers of @entity1 with @entity2419 treated at the authors' institute from 1980 to 1989, 1990 to 1999, and 2000 to 2009 were 1189, 1050, and 374, respectively. However, the number with @entity2419 has remained nearly constant over the three decades. The mean age of reporting for treatment of @entity2419 was 16 months after being operated on for @entity3384 at the authors' institute and 41 months after being operated on elsewhere in camps. All @entity1 operated on at the authors' institute expressed awareness of holistic treatment of @entity2419 . Of the 22 @entity1 operated on at other camps, 16 were ignorant about the time scale and 19 were unaware of the consequences of nonadherence to the treatment protocol. Nineteen of the 22 @entity1 felt that enough information was not provided to them at initial surgery. CONCLUSION: The authors recommend that cleft counseling, continued cleft care for the @entity85 , and responsible behavior by the initial operating team should be the goals for the future.

title: Changing patterns in demography of XXXX in a developing country: the @entity408 Train effect--what lies ahead?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['cleft palate', 'cleft deformities']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['complete complex of deformities']

entities_list: @entity3384 :: ('MESH:D002971', 'Disease') :: ['cleft lip', 'cleft lip deformity', 'cleft lip-cleft palate']

answer: @entity3384 :: (MESH:D002971,Disease) :: ['cleft lip-cleft palate deformities']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: An exaggerated blood pressure (BP) response to exercise is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, even in normotensive individuals. The purpose of this study was to compare myocardial function between normotensive individuals with and without an exaggerated BP response. METHODS: We evaluated global myocardial function using speckle tracking echocardiography in normotensive individuals. Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography and a treadmill exercise test were performed simultaneously in 171 normotensive individuals (mean age: 48  8 years; 97 @entity1 ) without any structural @entity299 . RESULTS: Among 171 normotensive individuals, 19 (11%) exhibited an exaggerated BP response (>= 200 mmHg for @entity1 and >= 190 mmHg for @entity1 ) during the treadmill test. Conventional echocardiographic parameters were similar between the two groups. However, on strain analyses, the systolic and early @entity6475 of the left ventricle (LV) and left atrium were lower in individuals with an exaggerated BP response to exercise. The peak @entity13519 during exercise was inversely related to @entity299 of the LV (r=-0.35, P<0.01) and left atrium (r=-0.41, P<0.01). On multivariate analyses, an exaggerated BP response to exercise was shown to be an independent determinant of reduced global longitudinal strain of the LV (b=-0.20, P<0.05) and left atrium (b=-0.28, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Normotensive individuals with an exaggerated BP response to exercise exhibit @entity296 . Even without apparent @entity101 , an exaggerated BP response could cause repeated increases in afterload and result in subclinical @entity296 .

title: An exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise is associated with subclinical XXXX in normotensive individuals.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['impairment in longitudinal myocardial function', 'myocardial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6475 :: ('MESH:D013180', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic global longitudinal strains']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic global longitudinal strain', 'heart disease']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['myocardial dysfunction']


abstract: During the period of November 1976 through October 1984, we have treated 46 @entity1 with @entity189 at the confluence of the major hepatic ducts. Curative resection of the @entity5 (where no @entity189 cells at the margin of the resected portion were found macroscopically and microscopially), was performed upon ten @entity1 , palliative resections were done in 11, palliative resection and intraoperative radiotherapy (IOR) in ten, bile duct drainage and IOR in three, and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage in 12. Among the ten @entity1 who underwent curative operation, five are living six to 104 months after operation while the remaining five died four to 72 months postoperatively. Of the 11 @entity1 who underwent palliative resection, five are alive two to 22 months after operation and six died between four and 20 months after operation. For the ten @entity1 with @entity189 in the advanced stages, palliative resection with IOR was performed. Eight @entity1 died 20 days to 16 months after operation while two @entity1 are alive 13 and 14 months after the procedure. Of the three @entity1 who underwent drainage of the bile duct and IOR, two died three months after operation and one @entity1 survived 34 months. Twelve @entity1 underwent drainage of the bile duct only and all died after 13 months. To perform a curative operation for @entity189 located at the confluence of major hepatic ducts, it is necessary to resect the right or left lobe, including the caudate lobe, in many instances. For the @entity1 with @entity189 in the advanced stages, the possibility of long term survival period after operation exists through the use of the combined techniques of IOR and palliative resection of the @entity5 .

title: Surgical treatment for XXXX at the confluence of the major hepatic ducts.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate operative approaches and techniques of reconstruction for rhinosinusal @entity5 involving in the anterior skull base. METHOD: In a retrospective study, clinical data of 22 @entity1 treated surgically in our department from 1988 to 2002 were analysed. Lateral rhinotomy was carried out in 8 @entity1 and ampliative rhinotomy in 4 @entity1 ; in 10 @entity1 craniofacial operation was performed. @entity655 were used to repair lager defect in the anterior skull base. RESULT: All @entity5 were totally resected. In lateral rhinotomy, local locoeled @entity693 happened in 1 case, and 4 @entity1 in craniofacial operation. None complication with cerebrospinal fluid leaks, @entity55770 and intracranial air. All @entity1 were followed up from 6 months to 11 years after surgery. 7 @entity1 died from @entity281 or metastasis of @entity5 . 3-year survival rates was 15/19(78.9%); 5-year survival rates was 13/19(68.4%). The @entity5 invaded the orbital fascia in 9 @entity1 . Vs 4/9 (44.4%) and 2/9(22.2%) for these 3 and 5-year survival rates. CONCLUSION: Selection of operative approaches depends on the size of defects in the anterior skull base, extent of intracranial invasion and location of rhinosinusal @entity5 ; multiple layer fascia flaps can be used to reconstruct bigger defects of the skull base. It is safe, technically easy, effective procedure and worthy to be recommended.

title: [Selection of operative approaches for XXXX involving in the anterior skull base and exploration for reconstruction].

entities_list: @entity55770 :: ('MESH:C567055', 'Disease') :: ['encephalomeningocele']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial infection']

entities_list: @entity655 :: ('MESH:C535504', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple layer fascia flaps']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rhinosinusal malignant tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nocturnal enuresis is the most common pediatric urologic problem in outpatient clinics. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of various monotherapies, and comparing the effects of @entity7062 , @entity2645 , and @entity11440 in @entity1 with enuresis, as well as the influence of socioeconomic and cultural factors of their families on the response and relapse rates. @entity1 AND METHODS: The study was a randomized clinical trial conducted on 92 @entity1 aged 5 - 14 years, referred to the pediatric clinic of Semnan University Hospital in Semnan, Iran. @entity1 with primary nocturnal enuresis were randomly allocated to three different treatment groups: @entity7062 (n = 30), @entity2645 (n = 31), and @entity11440 (n = 31) all for 6 weeks. The socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of all @entity1 were recorded. The number of wet nights per week was noted at the end of the 6-week-trial, and @entity1 were followed up to three months for relapse. RESULTS: @entity1 in the @entity11440 group showed a slightly higher response rate (71.0% success) and a lower relapse rate (31.8%), while in the @entity7062 group the response and relapse rates were 63.3% and 57.9%, respectively, and in the @entity2645 group 61.3% and 63.2%, respectively. However, the difference between the 3 groups in terms of response (P = 0.701) and relapse rates (P = 0.095) was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: There is no significant difference between monotherapy with @entity7062 , @entity2645 or @entity11440 in @entity1 with enuresis. However, @entity11440 showed a higher response rate and a lower relapse rate compared to other medications. More clinical trials with a larger sample size are needed to clarify these uncertainties.

title: @entity7062 , @entity2645 , and XXXX in the Treatment of Primary Nocturnal Enuresis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'Children', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity7062 :: ('MESH:D003894', 'Chemical') :: ['desmopressin']

entities_list: @entity2645 :: ('MESH:D007099', 'Chemical') :: ['imipramine']

entities_list: @entity11440 :: ('MESH:C005419', 'Chemical') :: ['oxybutynin']

answer: @entity11440 :: (MESH:C005419,Chemical) :: ['Oxybutynin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We recently reported that adolescent and young adult offspring of parents with @entity162 (OBD), relative to control offspring, were more likely to engage in @entity146 ( @entity146 ). The present prospective study aimed to determine the contribution of parents' personality and offspring behaviour problems in middle childhood to offspring @entity146 10  years later. We hypothesized that offspring externalizing problems in childhood would mediate the relationship between parents' personality traits of @entity663 and agreeableness and adolescent @entity146 . Furthermore, we expected these associations to be more robust among the OBD than controls. At baseline, 102 offspring (52 OBD and 50 controls) aged between 4 and 14  years were assessed along with their parents, who completed a self-report personality measure and @entity1 behavior rating. Behaviour ratings were also obtained from the @entity1 's teachers. Ten years later the offspring completed an interview assessing @entity146 . Mediation analyses using bootstrapping revealed that, after controlling for age and presence of an @entity1316 , externalizing behaviors served as a pathway through which high parental @entity663 , low parental agreeableness, and low parental extraversion were related to @entity146 in offspring. Moderated mediation analyses revealed that the relationship between parental @entity663 and childhood externalizing problems was stronger for OBD than controls. These findings add to our previous results showing parents' personality contributes to intergenerational risk transfer through @entity146 in middle childhood. These results carry implications for optimal timing of preventative interventions in the OBD.

title: Sexual Risk Behaviors in the Adolescent Offspring of Parents with XXXX : Prospective Associations with Parents' Personality and Externalizing Behavior in Childhood.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral problems', 'sexual risk behaviors', 'SRBs']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['affective disorder']

entities_list: @entity663 :: ('MESH:C564323', 'Disease') :: ['neuroticism']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['Bipolar Disorder']


abstract: Our primary objective was to compare use of @entity1337 for @entity1 with and without @entity174 as a result of isolated lower extremity @entity130 , in the @entity341 ( @entity341 ). Our secondary objective was to compare the analgesic practices of emergency physicians (EPs) with that of physician assistants ( @entity6559 ). We performed a prospective, blinded cohort study with the presence of @entity174 as the risk factor and provision of any @entity158 medication while in the @entity341 as the primary outcome. Included in the study were all @entity1 who presented to a 90,000 visit suburban teaching hospital with an isolated @entity130 who received a radiograph of the foot or ankle over a 9-week period. We excluded @entity1 without @entity130 , with @entity1230 , admitted, or seen by one of the investigators. @entity1 admitted and those with @entity1230 were excluded because these @entity1 had contacts with multiple physicians and it is unlikely they would be able to differentiate which physician prescribed medication and if they were emergency personnel. We defined @entity1337 as any @entity158 medication at any dose. One investigator preformed follow-up interviews using a standardized questionnaire 3 days after the visit. @entity1 expressed their recollection of their degree of @entity158 using a verbal analog scale of 1 to 10. We report crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR). Of 516 consecutive @entity1 , 111 met exclusion criteria and 3 had incomplete data. Of the remaining 405, we contacted 384 (95%) in an average of 3 +/- 1 days. @entity1 with and without @entity174 recalled their initial degree of @entity158 similarly, with the mean initial @entity158 scores on the verbal analog scale of 6.6 +/- 2.5 versus 6.8 +/- 2.1 respectively. @entity1 with a @entity174 were more likely to @entity158 medication while in the @entity341 (23% v 15% P =.047, OR 1.75 (CI 95% 1.02, 2.99). EPs gave some form of @entity341 @entity1337 to 29% of @entity1 , as compared with 10% of @entity1 seen by @entity6559 (OR = 3.58 CI 95% 2.05, 6.24). EPs provided a prescription to 44% of @entity1 versus 21% of @entity1 seen by @entity6559 (OR = 2.91 CI 95% 1.85, 4.57). Our estimated adjusted ORs for providing @entity1337 in the @entity341 were: @entity174 = 2.0 (CI 95% 1.13, 3.58); EP: 3.52 (CI 95% 1.98, 2.99); and for every additional point on the verbal @entity158 scale: 1.28 (CI 95% 1.11, 1.48). @entity1 with @entity174 were more likely to @entity158 , despite reporting identical degree of @entity158 . EPs were more likely to provide @entity1337 than @entity6559 .

title: Painful discrimination: the differential use of XXXX in isolated lower limb injuries.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple trauma']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'receive pain']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['lower extremity injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity1337 :: (MESH:D000699,Disease) :: ['analgesia']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the relationship between intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) treatment and the levels of vitreous @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity540 ( @entity540 ) and vitreous-retina surface @entity82 in @entity1 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: This study was a prospective, open-label, controlled, randomized clinical trial. Sixty-eight eyes of @entity6 @entity1 (n=53) and macular hole @entity1 (n=15) were enrolled in this study. Thirty-four eyes of the @entity6 @entity1 received IVB before vitrectomy. Twenty-three of the 34 @entity6 @entity1 received IVB treatment 5d before vitrectomy (subgroup a), and 11 of the 34 @entity6 @entity1 received IVB treatment greater than 2wk prior to vitrectomy (subgroup b). Nineteen of the @entity6 @entity1 did not receive IVB treatment at any time prior to vitrectomy. The levels of @entity540 and @entity7 in vitreous samples were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the degree of @entity82 was characterized using clinical data and data obtained intra-operatively. RESULTS: In @entity6 @entity1 , @entity7 and @entity540 levels were significantly increased compared to non- @entity6 (control) subject' @entity12938 (P<0.01). In @entity6 @entity1 , vitreous @entity7 levels were significantly decreased following IVB treatment compared to @entity6 @entity1 that did not receive IVB treatment (P<0.01). The degree of @entity82 was significantly increased in subgroup b compared to subgroup a(P<0.05) and to @entity1 that did not receive IVB (P<0.05). Vitreous @entity540 levels were significantly greater in subgroup b than subgroup a (P<0.01) or in @entity1 who did not receive IVB treatment (P<0.05). A Spearman's rank correlation test indicated that higher levels of vitreous @entity540 , but not @entity7 , correlated with the degree of @entity82 . CONCLUSION: We found that @entity540 levels increase in @entity6 @entity1 's vitreous after IVB treatment longer than two weeks prior to vitrectomy and correlated with the degree of @entity82 after IVB treatment. These findings suggest vitreous @entity82 is increased in @entity6 @entity1 after IVB treatment may be due to increased levels of @entity540 .

title: Changes in vitreous @entity7 , XXXX and @entity82 in @entity6 after intravitreal bevacizumab.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'vitreoretinal fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['proliferative diabetic retinopathy', 'PDR']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity540 :: ('2247', 'Gene') :: ['bFGF', 'basic fibroblast growth factor']

answer: @entity540 :: (2247,Gene) :: ['bFGF']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine if evidence of functional heterogeneity between subtypes of the Kupffer cell (KC) may be involved in the mechanism of the protective effect of @entity2545 ( @entity21953 ) in @entity5694 . METHODS: @entity35 pretreated with or without @entity21953 were administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or vehicle. Serum and liver tissues were collected after LPS administration for cytokine measurements and pathological and immunohistochemical evaluation. RESULTS: After LPS administration, increases in expression of @entity1505 and @entity568 mRNA in the liver were blunted significantly by @entity21953 . In control liver tissue, ED2-positive cells were a predominant fraction, with a few ED1-positive cells, and @entity21953 eliminated only ED2-positive cells. Further, ED2-positive cells were larger in size than ED1-positive ones. Importantly, the number of ED1-positive cells in the liver was increased about threefold in the control group but not in the @entity21953 group after LPS injection. Intermediate or large KCs isolated by counterflow centrifugal elutriation showed greater capacity for phagocytosis and production of @entity224 and @entity1505 than small ones. In contrast, @entity568 production was increased to a greater extent in small than in intermediate or large cells. @entity21953 eliminated the intermediate or large KC subpopulation predominantly. CONCLUSION: Collectively, functional heterogeneity of the KC population was involved in the mechanism of the protective effects of @entity21953 in @entity5694 . @entity1505 derived from activated intermediate or large KCs may activate small KCs and the latter may be recruited to other organs, such as lungs and kidneys, and produce a large amount of @entity568 , leading to @entity881 .

title: Functional heterogeneity of the kupffer cell population is involved in the mechanism of XXXX in @entity35 administered endotoxin.

entities_list: @entity5694 :: ('MESH:D019446', 'Disease') :: ['endotoxemia']

entities_list: @entity2545 :: ('MESH:C038958', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium chloride']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ failure']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity2545 :: (MESH:C038958,Chemical) :: ['gadolinium chloride']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ( @entity4396 ) receptor mRNA expressing @entity263 (CaP) and @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ) tissue by sequence-specific detection with hybridization probes using the LightCycler. Various in vitro studies have indicated that @entity4396 agonists and antagonists may have a direct inhibitory effect on CaP mediated by specific @entity4396 receptors. The incidence of @entity4396 receptor mRNA expression was demonstrated in 50% to 100% of clinical CaP and @entity1067 tissue by current RT-PCR methods. However, qualitative RT-PCR can only demonstrate the existence of a gene; an exact quantification of @entity4396 -receptor mRNA expression has not yet been done. METHODS: Quantitative real-time RT-PCR for @entity4396 receptor mRNA was performed using the LightCycler system and the RNA Amplification Kit hybridization probes in 35 @entity1 with CaP and 38 @entity1 with @entity1067 . RESULTS: Thirty-one (88.6%) of the 35 @entity1 with CaP and 36 (94.7%) of the 38 @entity1 with @entity1067 had positive RT-PCR for @entity4396 receptor mRNA. The number of positive amplifications per 1 microg total RNA was not significantly lower in CaP at 695,428 +/- 350,860 than in @entity1067 at 1,617,654 +/- 787,874. @entity1 with CaP evidenced a significant negative correlation between the amplification rate for @entity4396 receptor mRNA and Gleason score (r = -0.476; P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: In the past, the potential mechanisms acting on @entity4396 receptors in CaP have been identified as possible antitumor strategies for this type of @entity5 . Our study is the first to show that CaP does not have a higher expression of @entity4396 receptor mRNA expression than @entity1067 when using quantitative sequence-specific oligonucleotide hybridization probes that only detect certain PCR products.

title: Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor gene mRNA expression in @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia', 'BPH']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) has the highest mortality rates of all subtypes. @entity5948 and @entity3907 regimens yield unsatisfactorily low rates of pathologic complete response (pCR) and are often not feasible in cardiac comorbidity. This study seeks to increase pCR and survival by introducing platin agents. @entity1 AND METHODS: In this multicentric, open-label study with six cycles of @entity1205 (75mg/m(2)) and @entity3003 AUC 6 q3w, @entity1 were unwilling or unsuitable for @entity5948 -based regimens. Primary endpoint was pCR (ypT0/ypTis ypN0) and survival. RESULTS: pCR rate was 50%. After 2 and 5years, overall survival (OS) was 96.7 and 89.7%, disease-free-survival (DFS) 96.7 and 85.7%, DDFS 96.7 and 89.6%. Grade 3/4 @entity137 were rare. Ninety-three per cent of @entity1 completed six cycles. No @entity137 -related treatment discontinuation or febrile neutropaenia was recorded. CONCLUSION: This regimen is highly effective and feasible in @entity0 and may be combined with @entity8253 .

title: Neoadjuvant, @entity5948 -free chemotherapy with XXXX and @entity1205 in triple-negative, @entity0 : a multicentric analysis of rates of pathologic complete response and survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['TNBC', 'Triple-negative breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity8253 :: ('MESH:D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracyclines']

entities_list: @entity5948 :: ('D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['Anthracycline', 'anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['carboplatin']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess @entity1494 status and its impact on target position during daily intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in @entity263 @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHODS: 23 @entity1 with @entity263 undergoing image-guided IMRT (78 Gy in 39 fractions) were included. On-board CBCT images were acquired daily and an endorectal balloon was placed daily. All @entity1 were instructed to have a full bladder. The interfraction changes in bladder dimensions in left-right (LR), anterior-posterior (AP), and superior-inferior (SI) directions were measured from CBCT images. Distances from the uppermost part of prostate to pubic bone (PP) and from the uppermost part of prostate to treatment isocenter (PI) were measured to determine changes in target position. Standard deviation (SD) in all fractions of each @entity1 was used to compare the variations between @entity1 . Bladder dimension change ratio and Z-score were used to normalize data between @entity1 . RESULTS: A total of 867 CBCT images were evaluated. The average LR, AP, and SI bladder dimensions were 7.8 +/- 1.5 cm, 6.7 +/- 1.4 cm, and 5.6 +/- 1.7 cm, respectively. The average LR, AP, and SI bladder dimension change ratios were 0.88 +/- 0.17, 0.90 +/- 0.15, and 0.86 +/- 0.32, respectively. The SD was significantly greater in SI dimension than in LR (p < 0.001) and AP (p < 0.001) dimensions. The interfraction changes in the three bladder dimensions were significantly larger than those of target position, and did not correlate with target position changes. CONCLUSION: Though they were not negligible, changes in @entity1494 status did not have a significant impact on target position.

title: Using cone-beam computed tomography to evaluate the impact of XXXX status on target position in prostate radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder filling']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['bladder filling']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity6794 is a rare, chronic, destructive, ulcerating skin disease of uncertain etiology. It develops most frequently in @entity1 between 25-45 years of age and affects both sexes equally. CASE REPORT: We present a case of @entity6794 in a young female @entity1 who sustained a burn injury of 40% total body surface area. She underwent four operations. She developed a wound @entity281 and @entity293 during her hospital stay. By the end of hospitalization, the papules followed with coalesce of @entity1066 formed on the previously epithelized areas of her legs. The @entity1 complained of the intensive @entity158 localized on these surfaces. Since @entity6794 was suspected, a dermatologist was included in treatment. Therapy was initiated ( @entity1667 60 mg per day intravenously) with gradual reduction of the dosage. The @entity1 was discharged from hospital two weeks later with almost fully complete cicatrization and epithelization. CONCLUSION: @entity6794 is still difficult to be diagnosed in the absence of specific and sensitive diagnostic methods; however, it is crucial to be suspected as early as possible and to start treatment immediately. Multidisciplinary approach is essential for ontimal results.

title: PYODERMA GANGRENOSUM IN BURNED XXXX - CASE REPORT.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity6794 :: ('MESH:D017511', 'Disease') :: ['pyoderma gangrenosum', 'Pyoderma gangrenosum']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerations']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary infection']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENT']


abstract: Atherogenic properties of low density lipoproteins (LDL) in vivo may reflect modification of lipoproteins associated with endothelial translocation and exposure to extracellular matrix and interstitial fluid. To examine whether modifications of LDL occur in vivo, lipoproteins were isolated from plasma and vascular tissue of @entity8577 ( @entity8577 ) @entity95 . LDL was extracted from vascular tissue (LDL-V) by homogenization in the presence of a @entity1043 buffer. Control experiments demonstrated that modifications did not occur under the preparative conditions used to release LDL from tissue. LDL-V contained less esterified @entity165 , but more @entity8557 , than did LDL from plasma (LDL-P). The diameters of both LDL-V and LDL-P followed gaussian distributions, but LDL-V particles were smaller (20.3 +/- 0.1 and 26.3 +/- 0.1 nm). Mild lipid peroxidation was evident in LDL-V. The @entity4291 content was increased in LDL-V, with less @entity2434 than in LDL-P. Sodium dodecyl @entity597 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis ( @entity214 -PAGE) indicated that @entity59386 was depleted in LDL-V, but Western blot analyses identified lower molecular weight proteins antigenically related to @entity59386 . LDL-V markedly stimulated @entity165 esterification in @entity19 peritoneal macrophages and also in @entity95 alveolar macrophages, a cell type that did not respond to acetylated LDL. LDL-V was not recognized by cultured @entity95 skin fibroblasts. Thus, LDL isolated from atherosclerotic vascular tissue in vivo was modified in a fashion that could confer atherogenic properties reflected by augmentation of @entity165 esterification in macrophages in vitro.

title: Isolation of low density lipoprotein from atherosclerotic vascular tissue of @entity8577 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4291 :: ('CHEBI:17636', 'Chemical') :: ['sphingomyelin']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity8577 :: ('MESH:D065627', 'Disease') :: ['Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic', 'WHHL']

entities_list: @entity2434 :: ('MESH:D010713', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylcholine']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity1043 :: ('MESH:C005686', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium carbonate']

entities_list: @entity8557 :: ('MESH:D002788', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol esters']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbits']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The non-operative management of blunt @entity409 can be applied in almost 80% of @entity1 with this @entity130 , with the advantages of the need for fewer blood transfusions, less @entity1320 , and a better survival rate, than with the operative approach. However, @entity5572 , as a known complication of the non-operative management of blunt @entity409 , is discussed infrequently. Therefore, we herein review our experience and describe this complication in detail. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1995 to 2001, 674 @entity1 were admitted to our hospital due to blunt @entity99 . Among these @entity1 , 279 underwent laparotomy and the remaining 395 @entity1 were treated non-operatively. Twenty-two @entity1 were identified as having @entity5572 , with 16 of them belonging to the operative group, and six to the non-operative group. A retrospective review of these six @entity1 and their characteristics, as well as pathogenesis, diagnosis, and the management of the liver abscesses, was conducted. RESULTS: These six @entity1 were all male, with a median age of 19.5 years (range 3-24). The median injury severity score was 16.5 (range 9-25); three @entity1 sustained grade-3 @entity99 , and the other three were grade 4. The main diagnostic tool was abdominal computed tomography, and the abscesses took a median of 6 days (range 1-12) to form and be diagnosed. The abscesses were usually caused by infection from mixed organisms, and an abscess resulting from @entity8466 developed within 1 day after injury. These abscesses were treated with antibiotics and drainage, and the median length of hospital stay was 26 days (range 8-44), without mortality or long-term morbidity. CONCLUSION: @entity5572 as a complication of the non-operative management of blunt @entity99 is a rare entity, with an incidence of 1.5% (6/395). It is usually seen in severe @entity99 (grade 3 and above), but all our @entity1 were all treated successfully, with no mortality. However, prolonged hospitalization may be required in this @entity1 group.

title: @entity5572 after non-operative management of blunt XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5572 :: ('MESH:D008100', 'Disease') :: ['Liver abscess', 'liver abscess']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver trauma']

entities_list: @entity8466 :: ('MESH:D003015', 'Disease') :: ['Clostridium infection']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic injury', 'liver injury', 'hepatic trauma']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['type of injury']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['liver injury']


abstract: @entity5202 ( @entity5202 ) has been associated with an increased risk of esophageal mucosal tears induced by @entity391 to dislodge impacted food or following endoscopic procedures. However, @entity3253 or transmural perforation of the organ resulting from @entity391 induced to dislodge impacted food has rarely been reported. In this article, we present two male adult @entity1 with long-term esophageal symptoms who suffered from @entity3253 after the impaction of food in the esophagus. Both @entity1 required surgical management because of clinical and radiological signs of perforation. This rare complication of @entity5202 has been documented in 11 other reports, predominantly affecting young @entity1 in whom @entity5202 had not been previously diagnosed, despite the majority having esophageal symptoms and a history of atopy. There are only two published cases of esophageal perforation that presented in @entity1 , which were managed conservatively. Our two @entity1 and 4 out of the 11 described in literature required surgery because of esophageal perforation. Our two cases involved closure of the perforation, while in three published reports, perforation resulted in a partial or complete esophagectomy. No cases have been published on @entity3253 caused by @entity5202 that ended in fatalities. It is important to note that esophageal perforation caused by @entity391 is a potentially severe complication of @entity5202 that is being increasingly described in literature. Therefore, @entity1 with non-traumatic @entity3253 should be assessed for @entity5202 , especially if they are young @entity1 who have a prior history of @entity1282 and @entity56 manifestations.

title: @entity3253 as the primary manifestation of adult XXXX . Two case reports and a review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5202 :: ('MESH:D057765', 'Disease') :: ['Eosinophilic esophagitis', 'EoE']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity3253 :: ('MESH:C536571', 'Disease') :: ["Boerhaave's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity5202 :: (MESH:D057765,Disease) :: ['eosinophilic esophagitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Acute and chronic use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can increase gastrointestinal permeability. @entity12698 , which selectively inhibits the enzyme @entity3840 , is a novel anti-inflammatory drug with minimal @entity344 effects while retaining anti-inflammatory efficacy. Our aim was to assess the potential effects of @entity12698 on gastric permeability in comparison with placebo and @entity5018 . DESIGN: We conducted a prospective, double-blind, cross-over study. SETTING: This study is carried out at Marmara University Hospital. @entity1 : Twenty-five healthy subjects entered the study but 19 subjects completed the treatment. INTERVENTION: Subjects were randomized to @entity12698 100 mg twice daily, @entity5018 600 mg twice daily or placebo for 7 days in pre-defined sequences. Treatments were separated by a 7 day washout period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Gastric permeability was assessed by measuring urinary excretion of @entity969 spectrophotometrically. RESULTS: @entity5018 600 mg twice daily produced greater increases in gastric permeability compared with placebo or @entity12698 (geometric mean of urinary @entity969 recovery was 59.15, 32.65 and 33.11 mg/h for @entity5018 , placebo and @entity12698 , respectively) (P < 0.001). @entity12698 was generally better tolerated than @entity5018 . CONCLUSIONS: When compared with @entity5018 , @entity12698 100 mg twice daily has no significant effect on gastric mucosa in healthy subjects.

title: Effects of selective COX-2 inhibitors on the gastric permeability of XXXX : a controlled study with placebo and @entity5018 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['celecoxib', 'Celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['Ibuprofen', 'ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal toxic']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

answer: @entity969 :: (MESH:D013395,Chemical) :: ['sucrose']


abstract: Various side effects due to antiherpetic drugs observed in the last ten years in our department were studied. A total of 132 @entity1 were treated with @entity41463 ( @entity28299 ), 69 with @entity43592 ( @entity73237 ), 58 with @entity1033 (ACV) and 33 with @entity12948 (ara-A). Patch tests were routinely done when @entity1 exhibited @entity5526 . Of the @entity1 treated with @entity28299 , 3 (2.3%) showed @entity5526 , 2 (1.5%) @entity2024 and 1 (0.8%) @entity2372 . Of the @entity1 treated with F3T, 7 (10.1%) exhibited @entity5526 and 1 (1.4%) @entity2024 . In the group treated with ACV, 2 (3.4%) @entity1 showed @entity2372 . The @entity1 who received ara-A did not show any side effects. We found that F3T caused @entity5526 more frequently in Japanese @entity1 than Europeans. These side effects were resolved by switching to another anti-herpetic drug without the occurrence of cross- @entity566 . Therefore, switching to another drug is strongly recommended when @entity1 exhibit side effects in the treatment of @entity1034 . Other complications were @entity566 to @entity3897 and to drug preservative.

title: Side effects in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1033 :: ('MESH:D000212', 'Chemical') :: ['acyclovir']

entities_list: @entity12948 :: ('MESH:D014740', 'Chemical') :: ['adenine arabinoside']

entities_list: @entity1034 :: ('MESH:D016849', 'Disease') :: ['herpetic keratitis']

entities_list: @entity2372 :: ('MESH:C562399', 'Disease') :: ['punctate keratopathy']

entities_list: @entity5526 :: ('MESH:D003877', 'Disease') :: ['contact dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity2024 :: ('MESH:D003231', 'Disease') :: ['follicular conjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity43592 :: ('MESH:D014271', 'Chemical') :: ['trifluorothymidine']

entities_list: @entity73237 :: ('p|SUB|F|3|T', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['F3T']

answer: @entity1034 :: (MESH:D016849,Disease) :: ['herpetic keratitis']


abstract: This paper analyses the pathological features and prognosis in 3,147 cases of @entity14 collected from thirteen colleges, institutes and hospitals. The results reveal: The mean 5 year survival rate of 3,147 cases of @entity14 is 50.21%. The age of @entity1 , @entity5 location, size, gross typing, histologic classification, growth pattern, the depth of infiltration, the @entity3 into lymph nodes, the lymphocyte infiltration and fibrous proliferation surrounding the @entity5 are all prognostic. The depth of infiltration and @entity3 into lymph nodes are the chief determinant of prognosis. The prognosis is much better in cases without penetrating the musculature or prognosis. The prognosis is much better in cases without penetrating the musculature or @entity3 into lymph nodes than otherwise. It is better in those with metastases into 1-2 2 lymph nodes than with 3 or more. The histological types reflect the biologic nature of the @entity5 , exercising the most decisive influence upon the prognosis. The various pathologic changes are all closely associated with it. There is much difference in prognosis among well, moderately and poorly differentiated @entity420 (70.3%, 49.6% and 26.6%) whereas almost no difference exists among the different histologic types with the same degree of differentiation. This indicates that it is the @entity5 differentiation which plays the important role in the prognosis. 4. The immune response in the regional lymph nodes, the lymphocyte infiltration and fibrous proliferation surrounding the @entity5 reflect the immune status of the organism against the @entity5 and favorably affect the prognosis.

title: [Prognostic significance of pathology in 3, 147 cases of @entity14 . National Cooperative Group on Pathology and Prognosis of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer']