abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity14 ( @entity14 ), the most lethal long-term complication of @entity29 ( @entity29 ), is the culmination of a complex sequence of molecular and histologic derangements of the colon epithelium that are initiated and at least partially sustained by @entity1162 . @entity1141 , the earliest histologic manifestation of this process, plays an important role in @entity5 prevention by providing the first clinical alert that this sequence is under way and by serving as an endpoint in colonoscopic surveillance of @entity1 at high risk for @entity14 . @entity4256 ( @entity4256 ) is indicated for @entity1 with @entity29 , specifically for @entity31 that is refractory to medical treatment, emergency conditions, and/or in case of @entity5 . Even after @entity4256 with mucosectomy, pouch-related @entity189 have recently been reported with increasing frequency since the first report in 1984. We review @entity29 -associated @entity14 and pouch-related @entity5 prevalence, adverse events, risk factors, and surveillances. METHODS: Literature of @entity29 -associated @entity14 @entity1 and those undergoing @entity4256 surgeries through 2010 were prospectively reviewed. RESULTS: We found 12 studies from retrospective series and 15 case reports. To date, there are 43 reported cases of pouch-related @entity5 . Thirty-two @entity1 had @entity5 in the anal transit zone ( @entity10664 ); of these, 28 @entity1 had mucosectomy. Eleven @entity1 had @entity5 found in the pouch body. CONCLUSION: @entity4256 with mucosectomy does not necessarily eliminate risks. There is little evidence to support routine surveillance of pouch mucosa and the ATZ except for @entity1 associated with histological type C changes, sclerosing @entity255 , and unremitting @entity5042 .

title: @entity14 : proctocolectomy and mucosectomy do not necessarily eliminate pouch-related XXXX incidences.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4256 :: ('MESH:D054019', 'Disease') :: ['Restorative proctocolectomy', 'RPC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'neoplastic transformation']

entities_list: @entity5042 :: ('MESH:D019449', 'Disease') :: ['pouchitis']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal cancer', 'CRC']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['prolonged chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['Dysplasia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Intratumoral B lymphocytes are an integral part of the @entity2 microenvironment. Interrogation of the antibodies they express may improve our understanding of the host response to @entity5 and could be useful in elucidating novel molecular targets. We used two strategies to explore the repertoire of intratumoral B cell antibodies. First, we cloned VH and VL genes from single intratumoral B lymphocytes isolated from one @entity2 , expressed the genes as recombinant mAbs, and used the mAbs to identify the cognate tumor antigens. The Igs derived from intratumoral B cells demonstrated class switching, with a mean VH mutation frequency of 4  %. Although there was no evidence for clonal expansion, these data are consistent with antigen-driven somatic hypermutation. Individual recombinant antibodies were polyreactive, although one clone demonstrated preferential immunoreactivity with @entity33765 ( @entity33765 ). We found that higher levels of @entity33765 antibodies were more common in @entity5 @entity1 , but measurement of @entity33765 antibody levels was not a sensitive test for detecting @entity5 . Second, in an effort to focus our recombinant antibody expression efforts on those B cells that displayed evidence of clonal expansion driven by antigen stimulation, we performed deep sequencing of the Ig genes of B cells collected from seven different @entity5 . Deep sequencing demonstrated somatic hypermutation but no dominant clones. These strategies may be useful for the study of B cell antibody expression, although identification of a dominant clone and unique therapeutic targets may require extensive investigation.

title: Interrogation of individual intratumoral B lymphocytes from XXXX @entity1 for molecular target discovery.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumor']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the long-term outcome hearing results following @entity5513 surgery. To determine whether changes, if any, in the thresholds of the operated ear are mirrored in the contralateral unoperated side. In addition, to identify predictive factors, if any, that may predispose individuals to @entity393 in the operated ear in the late post-operative period. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective @entity1 chart review. SETTING: University Tertiary Referral Centre. @entity1 : From 1978 to 1997, one hundred and twenty six @entity1 with small @entity5513 (less than 2 cm as measured within in the cerebellopontine angle) underwent excision via the suboccipital (retrosigmoid) approach with the @entity1 in the prone position. Hearing preservation was successful in 43 @entity1 (34.1%). The audiometric data of thirty @entity1 with a minimum follow-up interval of 36 months was analyzed. The mean follow-up period was 113.4 months (range 36-264, SD=57.8) and the mean age at surgery was 47.3 years (range 32 to 64, SD = 7.3). OUTCOME MEASURES: Speech Reception Thresholds (SRT), Speech Discrimination Scores (SDS) and Pure-tone Audiometry ( @entity865 , 0.5, 1 _ 2 kHz) were noted on the operated and unoperated ears. The AAO Classification according to the Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium guidelines for the evaluation of hearing preservation in @entity5513 was used to assess hearing serviceability. RESULTS: Subsequent to including corresponding changes in the unoperated ear, the means of the SRT and @entity865 in the operated ear between the early and late post-operative periods were statistically significantly different (p=0.0012 _ 0.034 respectively). Twelve (40%) @entity1 demonstrated significant deterioration in hearing thresholds over time. Pre-operatively, 96.7% of @entity1 had serviceable hearing (Class A _ B). This falls to 76.6% in the early post-operative period and to 56.7% in the late post-operative period. CONCLUSION: Our study highlights the finding that over time a significant number of individuals realize a greater ongoing @entity393 in the post @entity5 excision ear than the contralateral ear.

title: XXXX surgery: the results of long-term hearing preservation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['acoustic neuromas', 'acoustic neuroma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['Acoustic neuroma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the subjective and objective cure rates, @entity282 , @entity260 , and postoperative quality of life of adjustable single-incision sling (Ajust(  )) versus tension-free vaginal tape-obturator (TVT-O   ) in the treatment of female @entity3142 ( @entity3142 ). METHODS: Female @entity1 with @entity3142 (N  =  368) were randomized to receive either Ajust(  ) (N  =  184) or TVT-O    procedure (N  =  184) between January 2012 and October 2013. Efficacy was evaluated using cure rate, @entity260 , @entity282 profile (using Visual Analogue Scale), @entity1 Global Impression of Improvement Scale, and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form. RESULTS: The @entity1 from Ajust(  ) and TVT-O    groups had no statistically significant difference in subjective and objective cure rates (94.4 vs 90.7  %, P  =  0.171; 97.2 vs 90.7  %, P  =  0.195). Compared with the TVT-O    group, @entity1 in the Ajust(  ) group had significantly less @entity282 , shorter operative duration, and less intraoperative @entity190 (all P values  <  0.05). No significant difference in perioperative complications was observed between these two groups. @entity1 in Ajust(  ) group had shorter recovery time (P  <  0.001) compared to TVT-O    group. The postoperative quality of life of @entity1 in these two groups was significantly improved compared to baseline; however, no significant difference was observed in the average improvement of life between these two groups (P  =  0.115). CONCLUSIONS: Ajust(  ) procedure is simple, safe, and effective for the treatment of @entity3142 . Compared with TVT-O   , @entity1 receiving Ajust(  ) had less intraoperative @entity190 , less @entity282 , and shorter recovery time.

title: A comparison between adjustable single-incision sling and tension-free vaginal tape-obturator in treating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity3142 :: ('MESH:D014550', 'Disease') :: ['stress urinary incontinence', 'SUI']

answer: @entity3142 :: (MESH:D014550,Disease) :: ['stress urinary incontinence']


abstract: PURPOSE: We describe a @entity1 who had precancerous @entity1049 and a positive family history of multiple occurrences of early-onset @entity14 in her first-degree and second-degree relatives consistent with @entity14 . @entity14 diagnosis had not been made before her diagnosis of @entity189 with liver @entity3 . She died at age 20, leading to litigation. Controversies about standards of care, their malpractice implications, and pertinent legal issues are discussed. METHODS: Review of the medical and family history was made by the expert witness ( @entity3798 ) with appropriate documentation of the chronology of symptoms, as derived from depositions. These documents revealed that the @entity1 's mother had repeatedly discussed with the caregivers her concern about the family history of @entity694 and the need for appropriate surveillance. RESULTS: The @entity1 's @entity1049 progressed for a period of three years. Flexible sigmoidoscopy was performed by a nonphysician. The physician who ordered the procedure considered this appropriate because isolated @entity1127 were reported in the @entity1 's father and paternal uncle, which apparently led him to believe that the diagnosis was @entity1412 . During litigation procedures, a pedigree was constructed and found to be consistent with @entity14 . The case was settled in favor of the plaintiff before trial. CONCLUSION: It is essential to understand the natural history of @entity14 , inclusive of the need for surveillance colonoscopy in @entity1 at increased risk by virtue of their position in their family pedigree.

title: Failure to diagnose hereditary XXXX and its medicolegal implications: a @entity14 case.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the cecum']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer', 'Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['familial adenomatous polyposis']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity1049 :: ('MESH:D003108', 'Disease') :: ['colonic symptoms']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: AIMS: The pathogenesis of @entity957 ( @entity957 ) is not well understood. @entity1082 ) may be involved in @entity105 , but few studies have compared cell-cycle protein expression in @entity5 . The aim was to determine the extent of @entity1083 in different histological subtypes of @entity957 and its impact on the expression of key cell-cycle proteins: @entity876 , @entity3544 , @entity986 ( @entity986 ) and @entity995 ( @entity995 ) protein. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred and forty-eight @entity957 samples were examined immunohistochemically for @entity995 , @entity986 ( @entity986 ) , @entity876 and @entity3544 protein expression. One hundred and two cases were typed for HPV by PCR. HPV DNA was detected in 56% of @entity5 , with @entity1799 present in 81%. @entity5 were related strongly to @entity1083 (10 of 13), while verrucous were not (three of 13). Fifty-nine per cent (38 of 64) of usual type SCCs had @entity1083 . @entity995 protein correlated negatively (P<0.0001) and @entity986 ( @entity986 ) (P<0.0001) and @entity3544 (P=0.0002) correlated positively with @entity1083 . @entity876 did not correlate with @entity1083 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1083 is present in more than half of @entity5 and it is responsible for @entity995 pathway disruption. However, no link between HPV and @entity876 immunodetection was found. Only basaloid and half of usual-type PSSCs correlate with @entity1083 , confirming possible separate aetiologies for those @entity5 .

title: The @entity995 protein/ @entity986 @entity986 pathway but not @entity876 is disrupted by XXXX in @entity957 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['HPV positive and negative cancers', 'penile cancers', 'tumours', 'Basaloid tumours']

entities_list: @entity1083 :: ('MESH:D030361', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infection']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['penile squamous cell carcinoma', 'PSCC']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['Human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['retinoblastoma', 'RB']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1814 , a new analog of @entity900 , has been developed and marketed in recent years in Japan. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and @entity137 of a regimen of @entity1814 and @entity1487 with radiation in @entity1 with advanced @entity418 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June 1999 and December 2002, 42 @entity1 with advanced and unresectable @entity1721 ( @entity957 ) were enrolled into this study. Twenty-five of these 42 @entity1 were considered to have inoperable @entity5 due to distant organ @entity3 , distant lymph node @entity3 , severe organ dysfunction and rejection of surgery by the @entity1 . The remaining 17 @entity1 received neoadjuvant treatment followed by surgery. The clinical responses of the @entity5 were evaluated. RESULTS: Response and @entity137 could be assessed in 22 of the 25 @entity1 with unresectable esophageal @entity957 . Two of these 22 achieved a complete response (CR), 15 had a partial response (PR) and 5 showed no change (NC). The overall response rate (CR + PR) was 77%. The one- and 2-year survival rates were 30.7% and 10.2%, respectively, with a @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) of 10.1 months. Of the 17 @entity1 who received neoadjuvant treatment, 14 underwent subsequent surgery. Preoperatively, 2 of these 17 @entity1 achieved a CR, 10 had a PR and 5 showed NC. The overall response rate for all 39 @entity1 was 74%. The pathological complete response (pCR) rate of the 14 @entity1 who underwent surgery was 28.6%. Their one- and 2-year survival rates were 48.2% and 12.1%, respectively, with an @entity1349 of 12.2 months. @entity137 was evaluated in the 39 @entity1 whose responses were assessed. @entity137 higher than grade 3 occurred in 8 out of 39 (20.5%) @entity1 , and 6 (15.4%), 3 (7.7%) and one (2.6%) had grade 3 @entity1431 , @entity882 and @entity417 , respectively. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study indicates that combination chemoradiotherapy with @entity1814 and @entity1487 is safe and efficacious for @entity1 with advanced @entity418 . We recommend further evaluation of this treatment regimen in such @entity1 .

title: Efficacy and @entity137 of XXXX and @entity1487 with radiation treatment for advanced @entity418 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1814 :: ('MESH:C053989', 'Chemical') :: ['Nedaplatin', 'nedaplatin']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['median survival time', 'MST']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

answer: @entity1814 :: (MESH:C053989,Chemical) :: ['nedaplatin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In this paper we review the main studies on teratogenicity related to @entity302 and especially use of anti @entity302 drugs (AED), with special emphasis on recently acquired knowledge regarding the new AED. DEVELOPMENT: When considering the teratogenic effects of @entity302 and the anti @entity302 drugs it should be remembered that there are a series of premises and considerations which undoubtedly play an important part in causing possible damage to the foetus. These factors include changes caused during pregnancy, the passage of drugs across the placenta barrier , @entity600 occurring in the @entity1 and relations of @entity1 with @entity302 and finally the effect of @entity410 on the foetus. We then review the mechanisms of the teratogenicity of the classical AED and the new AED. Little is known about the adverse effects of the new AED, and many are used together as polytherapy. Multicenter studies involving large numbers of @entity1 are therefore necessary to obtain results which can be extrapolated to the whole population. Unfortunately, at present, this is not yet so and there are no clear recommendations for their use during pregnancy. The EURAP was designed for this reason. It is one of the multicenter studies being carried out in Europe at present with many Spanish specialists participating. CONCLUSIONS: Multicenter studies with many @entity1 are necessary to obtain reliable data on the teratogenicity of the various AED, used as monotherapy and bitherapy, particularly regarding the new AED. We conclude by considering measures to try to reduce, as far as possible, the teratogenic effects in pregnant @entity1 .

title: [Teratogenic effects of @entity302 and anti XXXX drugs].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'children']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epileptic']


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Progressive @entity9744 are characterized by impaired @entity6741 secretion resulting in @entity111 , @entity1003 , @entity294 , and @entity3147 leading to progressive @entity1578 and @entity204 in childhood. Partial internal or external biliary drainage can relieve symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Objections to partial external biliary drainage include the need for a permanent @entity253 with all the inherent complications of a stoma. We propose a novel approach to these diseases--placement of a "button" cholecystostomy tube. METHODS: Under general anesthesia and through a small right subcostal incision, a MIC-KEY button (Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc, Draper, UT) is inserted into the mobilized fundus of the gallbladder and secured with 2 purse-string sutures. Time of drainage is adjusted to relieve @entity111 . RESULTS: Three @entity1 with progressive familial intrahepatic @entity1448 achieved adequate bile drainage via the cholecystostomy button to relieve @entity111 for 1, 2, and 2    years postoperatively, with drainage periods of 12 to 14 hours per day. There were no episodes of @entity255 . Dislodged tubes can be replaced, or stones can be retrieved via the tract that is formed. @entity1 (parent) acceptance has been excellent. CONCLUSION: Button cholecystostomy is simple to perform, relieves @entity111 with intermittent (nighttime) drainage, avoids complications of a permanent stoma, avoids an enteric @entity254 , and is accepted by parents.

title: Button cholecystostomy for management of progressive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity6741 :: ('CHEBI:3098', 'Chemical') :: ['bile acid']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary stoma']

entities_list: @entity9744 :: ('MESH:D002780', 'Disease') :: ['familial intrahepatic cholestasis syndromes']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

answer: @entity9744 :: (MESH:D002780,Disease) :: ['familial intrahepatic cholestasis syndromes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of pars plana vitrectomy ( @entity2286 ) and removal of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) with three, monthly, intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injections for refractory @entity1103 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized, comparative, interventional study. Forty-four @entity1 were enrolled and randomized in two groups. Twenty-two eyes enrolled in Group I received three IVB injections at monthly interval. Twenty-two eyes were enrolled in Group II which underwent @entity2286 with ILM removal. The primary outcomes measured were: (1) Best corrected logMAR visual acuity (BCVA) using Snellen's visual acuity chart. (2) Central macular thickness (CMT) on optical coherence tomography. The secondary outcome measures were: Complication rates like (1) progression of @entity231 , (2) high intraocular pressure needing further treatment/procedure, (3) development of @entity548 related to the procedure employed, (4) @entity1713 and (5) severe @entity32 / @entity3225 . RESULTS: In Group I (IVB): 3 (13.6%) eyes showed no change in BCVA; 3 (13.6%) eyes reported decrease in BCVA and 16 (72.8%) eyes showed improvement in BCVA; (P = 0.0181). In Group II ( @entity2286 ): 4 (18.2%) eyes showed no change in BCVA; 5 (22.7%) eyes showed decrease and 13 (59.1%) eyes showed improvement in BCVA (P = 0.0281). Mean decrease in CMT in IVB group was 108.45  , whereas mean decrease in CMT in @entity2286 group was 161.36  . No major complications were seen in either group. CONCLUSION: Posttreatment decrease in CMT was more in @entity2286 group and vision improvement more in IVB group. However, no statistically significant difference between the two methods was found.

title: Pars plana vitrectomy versus three intravitreal injections of bevacizumab for nontractional XXXX . A prospective, randomized comparative study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['lens opacities']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['vitreous hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic macular edema']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis']

answer: @entity1103 :: (MESH:D008269,Disease) :: ['diabetic macular edema']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose was to report a case of unilateral @entity6391 with @entity4457 in the other eye. METHODS: Eight years ago, a 36-year-old @entity1 complained of peripheral @entity227 in her left eye when she covered her right eye. Complete ophthalmological examinations including fundus photography and @entity941 angiography, full-field electroretinography, dark adaptation, and microperimetry were performed. RESULTS: Best-corrected visual acuity of the @entity1 was 0.2 with +2.5 diopters in her right eye and 0.3 with +1.5 diopters in her left eye. Fundus examination did not reveal any @entity735 , but narrow retinal vessels, optic disc pallor, and peripheral @entity989 was found in the left eye. The full-field electroretinography was normal in the right eye, but rod response, cone response, and combined response were non-recordable, and 30-Hz response was very small in the left eye. Dark adaptation thresholds were normal in the right eye, but were dramatically elevated in the left eye. Microperimetry was normal in the right eye, but the visual field was reduced to a 2x5 degrees central field in the left eye. CONCLUSION: Unilateral @entity6391 with @entity4457 in the other eye is a rare condition. The @entity1 presented here had a case of unilateral @entity6391 with the other eye with @entity4457 . It is necessary to perform functional and morphological ophthalmological examinations to confirm the diagnosis.

title: Unilateral @entity6391 with XXXX in the fellow eye.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field loss']

entities_list: @entity6391 :: ('MESH:D012174', 'Disease') :: ['retinitis pigmentosa']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities in the right eye']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal pigment clumping']

entities_list: @entity4457 :: ('MESH:D000550', 'Disease') :: ['ametropic amblyopia', 'amblyopia']

answer: @entity4457 :: (MESH:D000550,Disease) :: ['amblyopia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity726 is the leading cause of irreversible @entity1939 worldwide. The goal of this study was to describe our experience with the novel micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC; IRIDEX IQ810 Laser Systems, CA) in @entity1 with advanced @entity726 . @entity1 with advanced @entity726 who underwent MP-TSCPC were included in our study. Laser settings were 2000  mW of 810  nm infrared diode laser set on micropulse delivery mode. The laser was delivered over 360   for 100-240  s. The duty cycle was 31.3  %, which translated to 0.5  ms of "on time" and 1.1  ms of "off time." Surgical success was defined as an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 6-21  mmHg or a reduction of IOP by 20  % at the last follow-up visit. Failure was defined as an inability to meet the criteria for success or a need for incisional @entity726 surgery. Nineteen @entity1 underwent MP-TSCPC with mean follow-up of 60.3  days. Mean IOP dropped from 37.9  mmHg preoperatively to 22.7  mmHg at last follow-up, representing a 40.1  % decrease. The success rate for initial treatment was 73.7  % (n   =   14). Three @entity1 underwent a second treatment, increasing the overall success rate to 89.5  % (n   =   17). Four @entity1 gained one line of vision, and four @entity1 lost one line of vision. The novel MP-TSCPC laser had a high rate of surgical success after a short follow-up period in @entity1 with advanced @entity726 . Further long-term evaluation and comparison to the traditional transscleral cyclophotocoagulation are warranted.

title: Treatment outcomes of micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation in advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['Glaucoma', 'glaucoma']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the significance of @entity425 in @entity712 and its relation both to maximum @entity26 consumption during cardiopulmonary exercise testing and to skeletal muscle (quadriceps) strength. SUBJECTS: Seven healthy @entity1 aged 54.9 (SEM 4.3) years and 20 @entity1 with @entity712 aged 61.4 (1.6) years (P = 0.20) with radionuclide left ventricular ejection fraction of 25.4 (3.0)%. METHODS: Mouth pressures during maximum static inspiratory effort (PImax) at functional residual capacity (FRC) and residual volume (RV) were measured in all subjects and taken as indices of inspiratory muscle strength. Similarly, mouth pressures during maximum static expiratory effort (PEmax) at FRC and total lung capacity (TLC) were taken as indices of expiratory muscle strength. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed in all subjects. All controls and 15 @entity712 @entity1 also had their right quadriceps muscle strength measured. RESULTS: There was @entity425 in @entity712 @entity1 , with reduction of PImax at FRC (59.7) (6.3) v 85.6 (9.6) cm @entity2507 , P = 0.045), PEmax at FRC (94.8 (6.2) v 134.6 (9.1) cm @entity2507 , P = 0.004), and PEmax at TLC (121.7 (8.5) v 160.7 (13) cm @entity2507 , P = 0.028). PImax at RV was also reduced but this did not reach statistical significance (77.3 (6.6) v 89.3 (13) cm @entity2507 , P = 0.44). There was also significant @entity425 (308.5 (22) v 446.2 (28) N, P = 0.001). PImax at both FRC and RV correlated with maximum @entity26 consumption (r = 0.59, P = 0.006, and r = 0.45, P = 0.048 respectively) but not PEmax. There was, however, no significant correlation between PImax and right quadriceps strength. CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory @entity425 is seen in @entity712 . The results suggest that inspiratory muscles are important in determining maximum @entity26 consumption and exercise tolerance in these @entity1 . The lack of correlation between respiratory and right quadriceps muscle strength further suggests that the magnitude and time course of @entity425 may differ in individual @entity1 . Treatment aimed at improving the function of the involved muscle groups may alleviate symptoms.

title: Inspiratory muscle strength is a determinant of maximum @entity26 consumption in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness of the right quadriceps muscle', 'muscle weakness', 'respiratory and locomotor muscle weakness', 'respiratory muscle weakness']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['chronic heart failure']


abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of treatment with repeated injections of @entity3216 (a @entity935 D2 antagonist) on prolactin secretion and induced @entity5535 in ovariectomized and intact adult mares and to verify if this induction was possible at the beginning and at the end of the birth season. Two experiments were carried out in September [experiment (expt) 1], and in March (expt 2), in France (48 degrees N). In expt 1, three groups of five mares were tested: intact-control, intact-treated and ovariectomized-treated mares. In expt 2, mares previously subjected to artificial photoperiod were assigned in two groups: four intact-control and five intact-treated mares. The cyclicity of intact mares was previously synchronized with PGF2alpha injections, then all the mares were in the follicular phase at the beginning of treatment. @entity3216 was intramuscularly injected (0.5 mg/kg of BW), twice a day. Mares were milked at 7:30, 11:45, 16:00 and 20:15 hours. Blood samples were collected every day during the treatment for @entity1420 , total @entity2931 and prolactin assays. In the two experiments, only treated intact mares produced milk, with a large inter-animal variability. Prolactin increase after @entity3216 treatment was not so great in the ovariectomized-treated mares as in the intact-treated mares. The total correlations between prolactin, @entity1420 , @entity2931 plasma concentrations and daily milk production were significant (0.57, 0.25, 0.17 respectively). This induction of @entity5535 can be performed during the entire birth season in intact mares, but not in ovariectomized mares, indicating that @entity230 are necessary for this induction in mares treated by @entity935 D2 antagonist.

title: @entity5535 with a XXXX antagonist in mares: different responses between ovariectomized and intact mares.

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity3216 :: ('MESH:D013469', 'Chemical') :: ['Sulpiride', 'sulpiride']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity5535 :: ('MESH:D007775', 'Disease') :: ['lactation']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: The purpose of the present study was to clarify the percentage of @entity1 with @entity9054 ( @entity9054 ) who also have @entity146 . A survey of comorbidity observed in @entity1 with @entity9054 , was carried out on 33 subjects from a disciplinary facility for @entity1 . Female teachers as the mother were interviewed as regards the subjects' condition using the semistructured interview, and male teachers as the father were interviewed for their psychosocial problems. The subjects underwent the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for @entity1 (WISC)-III and their conditions were diagnosed according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 (4th edn; DSM-IV). Of the 33 @entity1 , 27 were diagnosed as having @entity9054 . Of the 27 @entity9054 @entity1 , 18 (67%) were diagnosed as having @entity71 ( @entity71 ), and 19 (70%) had oppositional defiant feature (ODF). Eight @entity1 (30%) were diagnosed as having @entity1032 and in seven @entity1 (26%), the verbal IQ was significantly lower than the performance IQ. Two (7%) were diagnosed as having @entity245 ( @entity245 ). Of 27 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity9054 , 23 (85%) had some @entity146 . The classification of these @entity146 into the following three types appeared to be clinically useful: type 1, @entity71 and ODF; type 2, low intelligence, especially low verbal intelligence; and type 3, @entity245 . To understand and treat @entity1 with @entity9054 , the accurate diagnosis of these underlying @entity146 is indispensable.

title: @entity146 among XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Mental Disorders', 'behavioral and developmental disorders']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'attention deficit hyperactivity disorder']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['pervasive developmental disorders', 'PDD']

entities_list: @entity9054 :: ('MESH:D019955', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'conduct disorder']

answer: @entity9054 :: (MESH:D019955,Disease) :: ['conduct disorder']


abstract: In the present study we tested whether T cells retargeted with a bispecific antibody (bsAb) could block the growth of lung metastases of syngeneic @entity420 in immunocompetent @entity19 . BALB/c @entity19 were injected i.v. with @entity5 and i.p. with a genetically engineered bispecific F(ab')2 [bs(Fab')2] having specificity for @entity19 @entity5168 epsilon chain and for the gp52 @entity19 @entity5 viral glycoprotein, which is expressed on the @entity5 cells. The bs(Fab')2 was physically stable in blood and serum, was removed from the body with a half-time of 12-15 h, and accumulated in lymphoid tissue where it bound to T cells. We show that treatment of @entity5 bearing @entity19 with the bs(Fab')2 significantly prolonged their survival relative to untreated controls. Two other genetically engineered bs(Fab')2s having specificity for @entity19 @entity5168 epsilon chain and irrelevant antigens did not inhibit @entity5 growth. In addition, survival was not affected by bsAb therapy using a variant @entity5 cell line that expressed low levels of the gp52 target antigen. Inhibition of @entity5 growth was even more evident by histologic analysis. Treatment with the relevant bs(Fab')2 resulted in a marked @entity5 burden in lung sections taken on days 7, 9 and 11. This is the first report demonstrating that a bsAb can inhibit the growth of syngeneic solid @entity5 metastases in @entity19 without addition of T cell activators.

title: A bispecific antibody prolongs survival in @entity19 bearing lung metastases of syngeneic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['mammary adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'reduction of tumor', 'mammary tumor']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['mammary adenocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the expressions of some of the Mucus Core Proteins (MUC) @entity2355 , @entity5091 and @entity5089 in @entity356 , to assess their prognostic values and their relations with the clinicopathological characteristics. METHODS: @entity2355 , @entity5091 and @entity5089 expressions were investigated immunohistochemically in 257 @entity1 with @entity356 . RESULTS: @entity2355 was strongly expressed in normal gastric epithelium; however, the expression rate decreased with the loss of @entity5 differentiation (92.6% in well differentiated @entity5 , 83.7% in poorly differentiated @entity5 ), with an increase in the number of metastatic lymph nodes (98.4% in @entity5 with no metastatic lymph nodes, 67.9% in @entity5 with lymph node metastasis-pN3), and with the progression in the @entity5 stage (100% in stage 1 @entity5 , 75.6% in stage 4 @entity5 ). @entity2355 expression was lower in distant @entity3 (83.3% in distant @entity3 and 90.8% in @entity5 ). There was no staining with @entity5091 in normal gastric epithelium; however, de novo expressions appeared in tumoral tissues. In @entity356 ( @entity2580 ), @entity5091 expression was higher (97.5% in diffuse type and 89.4% in intestinal type). All of the @entity189 were @entity5091 -positive. The expression rate decreased with an increase in the number of metastatic lymph nodes and with the progression in the TNM stages of the cases. All of the @entity5 with intestinal metaplasia were @entity5091 -positive. @entity5089 was strongly expressed in normal gastric epithelium; however, the expression rate decreased with the loss of @entity5 differentiation, with an increase in the @entity5 invasion depth, and with an increase in the number of metastatic lymph nodes. @entity5089 expression was higher in @entity4056 (48.4%) than in the diffuse type (10%). The lowest expression rate was in the diffuse type according to the Borrmann's macroscopic classification. All of these results were statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: When each of these three markers is evaluated, in the light of clinical and pathological parameters, @entity2355 and @entity5089 may be accepted as significant prognostic parameters and may be useful in showing the progression of the @entity5 ; @entity5091 may be used in determining the @entity189 .

title: Prognostic significance of @entity2355 , @entity5091 and @entity5089 expressions in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'nonmetastatic tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2580 :: ('MESH:D018279', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous and signet ring cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity4056 :: ('MESH:D007414', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal type carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse gastric carcinomas', 'gastric carcinomas']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric carcinoma']


abstract: @entity15 ( @entity15 ) is a chronic @entity6220 (CNS) characterized by @entity32 , but also degenerative changes. Besides @entity51 , the rate of @entity1316 such as @entity308 and @entity148 is at least six fold increased. Many aspects of @entity15 can be mimicked in the animal model of @entity6504 experimental autoimmune @entity1651 (MOG-EAE). Here we investigate behavioral changes in C57BL/6 @entity19 suffering from mild MOG-EAE. In the later phase of the disease, @entity19 were subjected to behavioral tests including the light-dark-box (LD Box), the acoustic startle response (SR) with a pre-pulse inhibition protocol as well as the learned helplessness (LH) paradigm. Behavioral data were correlated with the motor performance in an open field and rotarod test (RR). In the RR and open field, there was no significant difference in the motor performance between controls and @entity19 suffering from mild MOG-EAE. Yet EAE @entity19 displayed an increased @entity148 -like behavior with a 23% reduction of the time spent in the bright compartment of the LD Box as well as an increased SR. In the LH paradigm, @entity19 suffering from MOG-EAE were twice as much prone to depressive-like behavior. These changes correlate with an increase of hippocampal tissue @entity5 necrosis factor alpha levels and @entity528 in the hippocampus. Modulation of monoaminergic transmission by chronic application of the antidepressant @entity3659 resulted in a decreased startle reaction and increased hippocampal @entity1063 levels. These data imply that @entity32 in the CNS may impact on emotional responses in rodent models of @entity148 .

title: Inflammation modulates XXXX in an animal model of @entity15 .

entities_list: @entity6504 :: ('17441(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory disease of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity3659 :: ('MESH:D000639', 'Chemical') :: ['amitriptyline']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['affective disorders']

entities_list: @entity1651 :: ('MESH:D004679', 'Disease') :: ['encephalomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple sclerosis', 'MS']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal loss']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: Chromaffin cells from the @entity291 adrenal medulla express alpha-bungarotoxin-sensitive @entity934 receptors whose subunit composition is unknown. Northern blot analysis showed that the alpha 7 subunit, a main component of these alpha-bungarotoxin-sensitive @entity934 receptors in avian and @entity35 brain, is expressed in chromaffin cells. The cDNA of this @entity291 alpha 7 subunit was cloned by polymerase chain reaction amplification of adrenal medulla RNA for detailed characterization of structure and function. The protein-coding region revealed 92% @entity535 sequence identity to @entity35 alpha 7 and 89% to @entity1573 alpha 7 subunits. The alpha-bungarotoxin affinity of alpha 7 homomers expressed in @entity1238 oocytes was similar to that observed previously with native chromaffin alpha-bungarotoxin-sensitive @entity934 receptors. Cross-linking and @entity969 gradient experiments suggested that, like the muscular and neuronal @entity934 receptors; the alpha 7 receptor has a pentameric structure. Upon activation with nicotinic agonists the alpha 7 receptor exhibited rapidly desensitizing cation currents that were blocked by nicotinic antagonists and showed inward rectification. The amplification of adrenal medulla RNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction methods revealed an alternatively spliced isoform of the @entity291 alpha 7 subunit, where the exon that codes for the M2 transmembrane segment was skipped during mRNA processing. Oocyte expression of this isoform does not yield functional channels. However, this alternative mRNA exhibits dose-dependent inhibition of alpha 7 homomer expression when coinjected with the undeleted isoform.

title: alpha-Bungarotoxin-sensitive nicotinic receptors on XXXX chromaffin cells: molecular cloning, functional expression and alternative splicing of the alpha 7 subunit.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: The most common primary @entity1313 in adults is @entity463 . These @entity5 are highly invasive and aggressive with a mean survival time of 15-18 months from diagnosis to @entity204 . Current treatment modalities are unable to significantly prolong survival in @entity1 diagnosed with @entity463 . As such, @entity11 is an attractive target for developing novel therapeutic approaches utilizing gene therapy. This review will examine the available preclinical models for @entity11 including xenographs, syngeneic and genetic models. Several promising therapeutic targets are currently being pursued in pre-clinical investigations. These targets will be reviewed by mechanism of action, i.e., conditional cytotoxic, targeted toxins, oncolytic viruses, @entity5 suppressors/oncogenes, and immune stimulatory approaches. Preclinical gene therapy paradigms aim to determine which strategies will provide rapid @entity5 regression and long-term protection from recurrence. While a wide range of potential targets are being investigated preclinically, only the most efficacious are further transitioned into clinical trial paradigms. Clinical trials reported to date are summarized including results from conditionally cytotoxic, targeted toxins, oncolytic viruses and oncogene targeting approaches. Clinical trial results have not been as robust as preclinical models predicted; this could be due to the limitations of the GBM models employed. Once this is addressed, and we develop effective gene therapies in models that better replicate the clinical scenario, gene therapy will provide a powerful approach to treat and manage @entity1313 .

title: Gene therapy and targeted toxins for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor', 'brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['glioma']


abstract: In a Muslim Israeli Arab village, different types of @entity393 affect some 2% of the inhabitants. Most cases of profound @entity2319 are due to recessive mutations in the @entity3492 gene. Since in this community, marriages are by preference within the family (consanguineous), for many of the couples from the village the risk for an affected @entity1 is high. There are 30 families living in the village in which both parents have normal hearing and at least one @entity1 has a profound @entity393 . In these families, the birth of a @entity1 with profound @entity2319 did not change family planning. The rate of marriage was similar for the siblings of deaf @entity1 as for other individuals in the village. The major problems were encountered by the deaf individuals themselves; in particular, most of the @entity1 were not married. Because of the distinctive nature of this particular problem, different types of screening programs were envisaged. However, all of them are problematic. Therefore, as a first step it was decided to begin a program including individual genetic counseling together with education of the entire population on practical aspects of @entity1 genetics.

title: High incidence of profound XXXX in an isolated community.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'women', 'human', 'child']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss', 'hearing defect']

answer: @entity2319 :: (MESH:D003638,Disease) :: ['deafness']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity72373 ( @entity16771 ) induced growth inhibition in @entity1 @entity5 cells using the national @entity5 institute (NCI) anticancer drug screen. In our previous study, we demonstrated that @entity16771 exerted growth inhibitory activities in the three @entity1 @entity694 cell lines (Colo 205, HT-29, and HCT-15). To identify the detailed mechanism, we examined the functional importance of @entity3544 and @entity876 in @entity16771 -induced anticancer effect. We used three isogenic @entity694 cell lines, HCT-116, HCT-116 @entity876 (-/-), and HCT-116 @entity3544 (-/-), to evaluate the roles of @entity3544 and @entity876 in the in vitro anticancer effects of @entity16771 . @entity16771 dose-dependently inhibited cell growth, cell migration and increased cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase in HCT116 cells but not in @entity3544 (-/-) and @entity876 (-/-) isogenic HCT-116 cells. Additionally, Western blot showed that @entity16771 treatment induced the @entity3544 , @entity876 , and cyclin-E protein expressions in HCT-116 cells. The @entity3544 associated cell cycle regulatory protein such as cyclin D, @entity8985 , and pRb were decreased after @entity16771 treatment in HCT-116 cells. @entity16771 decreased cell migration in HCT-116 and HCT-116 @entity876 (-/-) but not in HCT-116 @entity3544 (-/-) cells. We observed the up-regulation of @entity5962 , p- @entity1435 , and p- @entity3963 in @entity16771 -treated HCT-116 group but not in HCT-116 @entity3544 (-/-) and HCT-116 @entity876 (-/-) groups. We assumed that @entity3544 was required for @entity16771 -induced anti- @entity694 effect through the @entity3963 and @entity1435 pathway leading to cell cycle arrest and inhibition of cell motility. Mean (   SE) pharmacokinetic parameters of the @entity16771 were as follows: AUC = 64.44    8.41, Cmax = 1.56    0.48 and t1/2 = 113.92    58.19. The pharmacokinetic data suggest @entity16771 can be applied to further clinical study. This is the first pharmacokinetic study of @entity16771 , and indicated that anti-proliferation and the cell mobility inhibition effects of @entity16771 in HCT116 WT cells may result from the induction of @entity3544 through activation of @entity3963 and @entity1435 pathway.

title: XXXX effects and pharmacokinetic application of @entity72373 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity72373 :: ('MESH:C510662', 'Chemical') :: ['2, 2-Bis (4-(4-amino-3-hydroxyphenoxy) phenyl) adamantane']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Anticolorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity64 survivors are commonly left with disabilities that impair activities of daily living. The main objective of their rehabilitation program is to maximize the functional performance at home. However, the actual performance of @entity1 in their home environment is unknown. Therefore, objective evaluation of daily life activities of @entity64 survivors in their physical interaction with the environment is essential for optimal guidance of rehabilitation therapy. Monitoring daily life movements could be very challenging, as it may result in large amounts of data, without any context. Therefore, suitable metrics are necessary to quantify relevant aspects of movement performance during daily life. The objective of this study is to develop data processing methods, which can be used to process movement data into relevant metrics for the evaluation of intra- @entity1 differences in quality of movements in a daily life setting. METHODS: Based on an iterative requirement process, functional and technical requirements were formulated. These were prioritized resulting in a coherent set of metrics. An activity monitor was developed to give context to captured movement data at home. Finally, the metrics will be demonstrated in two @entity64 @entity1 during and after their rehabilitation phases. RESULTS: By using the final set of metrics, quality of movement can be evaluated in a daily life setting. As example to demonstrate potential of presented methods, data of two @entity64 @entity1 were successfully analyzed. Differences between in-clinic measurements and measurements during daily life are observed by applying the presented metrics and visualization methods. Heel height profiles show intra- @entity1 differences in height, distance, stride profile, and variability between strides during a 10-m walk test in the clinic and walking at home. Differences in distance and stride profile between both feet were larger at home, than in clinic. For the upper extremities, the @entity1 was able to reach further away from the pelvis and cover a larger area. DISCUSSION: Presented methods can be used for the objective evaluation of intra- @entity1 differences in movement quality between in-clinic and daily life measurements. Any observed progression or deterioration of movement quality could be used to decide on continuing, stopping, or adjusting rehabilitation programs.

title: Objective Evaluation of the Quality of Movement in Daily Life after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'participant', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is a risk factor for some types of @entity5 . Angiogenesis is a necessary step in the multistage progression of @entity5 such as @entity320 . Previous studies reported that @entity32327 ( @entity32327 ) regulates angiogenesis by activating the @entity36888 on endothelial cells. The present study examined the effects of the @entity36888 antagonist on @entity5 weight, angiogenesis and serum levels of @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ), @entity9842 ( @entity9842 ), and @entity842 (NO). METHODS: Twenty four male C57BL/6 @entity19 were divided into control and @entity28 groups. The control group was fed a normal diet whereas the @entity28 group was fed a high fat diet. After 16 weeks, 2*10(6) @entity19 @entity320 cells were injected subcutaneously into all animals. Half of the control and the @entity28 animals received 1   M, 100   L/kg @entity36888 antagonist ( @entity46551 ) intraperitoneally. After two weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and angiogenic factors and @entity5 weights and angiogenesis were analyzed. RESULTS: Tumor weight in the @entity28 @entity19 was higher than in the control (p<0.05). Treatment with @entity46551 reduced @entity5 weight in the @entity28 animals (p<0.05), without effect on control group (p>0.05). Administration of an @entity36888 antagonist decreased @entity5 angiogenesis (evaluated as capillary density/mm2) and serum @entity1611 concentration in the @entity28 group without altering serum @entity9842 and NO concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Blockade of the @entity36888 suppressed @entity5 growth in @entity28 @entity19 by affecting @entity5 angiogenesis. Thus, it seems that @entity32327 and its @entity36888 antagonist might be new targets in @entity320 therapy.

title: Effect of Blocking of XXXX @entity36888 on Tumor Angiogenesis and Progression in Normal and Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6 @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'melanoma tumor']

answer: @entity32327 :: (109648(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Neuropeptide Y']


abstract: From a study of 69 @entity1 with @entity1165 using digitised vectorcardiograms, it is suggested that the following features are evidence of a ventricular origin. 1. Anterior QRS predominantly in the left anterior quadrant. 2. Slow initial tangential QRS velocity greater than or equal to 20 ms in the presence of an anterior QRS monophasic loop. 3. QRS totally in the right posterior quadrant. 4. In the presence of a QRS in the left posterior quadrant slow anterior QRS initial forces lasting greater than or equal 20 ms in the horizontal plane. The following features are suggestive of a ventricular origin. 1. Slow initial tangential QRS velocity greater than or equal to 20 ms in the presence of an anterior QRS loop resembling @entity714 ( @entity714 ). 2. Anterior monophasic QRS loop with counterclockwise rotation. 3. Slow initial QRS forces posteriorly (TV of first 40 ms less than 10 mV . s-1) in the presence of a QRS loop in the left posterior quadrant. 4. A vertical right QRS @entity2270 greater than or equal to +60 degrees in the presence of a @entity714 ( @entity714 ) loop in the horizontal plane and any @entity2270 greater than or equal to +90 degrees less than or equal to -160 degrees. The importance of three simultaneous perpendicular leads for recording or @entity943 is stressed. In addition vectorcardiograms have clearly separated multifocal @entity1165 from multiformity, fusion beats with and without aberration, and bundle branch @entity1165 . It is suggested that further study of the QRS waveform at the initiation and termination of @entity1165 will elucidate the mechanisms and types of @entity591 .

title: Vectorcardiographic analysis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['RBBB', 'right bundle branch block', 'left bundle branch block', 'LBBB']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardias']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and laparoscopic gastric banding (LB) are the 2 most common operations used to treat morbid @entity28 , but few controlled comparative studies have reported perioperative and long-term outcomes. DESIGN: Two-cohort pair-matched study. SETTING: Academic tertiary referral center. @entity1 : One hundred consecutive morbidly @entity28 @entity1 treated with LB were pair-matched by sex, race, age, initial body mass index, and presence of @entity6 with 100 @entity1 who were treated with RYGB. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Perioperative and @entity260 , reoperations, and 1-year outcomes, including @entity353 , and quality of life. RESULTS: The RYGB and LB groups had similar characteristics. One-year outcomes were available for 93 @entity1 in the LB group and 92 in the RYGB group. The overall rate of complications was similar in both groups (11 @entity1 in the LB group [12%] vs 14 in the RYGB group [15%]; P = .83), with a higher rate of early complications ( <= 30 days) after RYGB (11 @entity1 [11%] vs 2 [2%] for LB; P = .01) and a higher rate of reoperations after LB (12 @entity1 [13%] vs 2 for RYGB [2%]; P = .009). No @entity204 occurred. Excess @entity353 (36% vs 64%; P < .01), resolution of @entity6 (17 @entity1 [50%] vs 26 [76%]; P = .04), and quality-of-life measures were better in the RYGB group. CONCLUSIONS: When performed in high-volume centers by expert surgeons, RYGB has a similar rate of overall complications and lower rate of reoperations than LB. With the benefit of greater @entity353 , increased resolution of @entity6 , and improved quality of life, RYGB, in these circumstances, has a better risk-benefit profile than LB.

title: Better @entity353 , resolution of XXXX , and quality of life for laparoscopic gastric bypass vs banding: results of a 2-cohort pair-matched study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss, type 2 diabetes resolution', 'weight loss']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: @entity1031 complications are often a common pathological consequence of severe soft tissue @entity130 . Recent demonstration that monocytes (M0) produce tissue factor (TF) has led to the suggestion that these TF producing M0 might play a role in @entity1003 . We have previously demonstrated that @entity130 @entity1 with splenectomy develop aberrant monocyte function and this @entity1 group is also known to be at high risk of @entity49 episodes. This paper is an initial report on the use of M0 TF as an indicator of and/or correlated to clotting episodes. Monocytes isolated form the Ficoll-Hypaque purified mononuclear cells of 46 normal individuals, 17 @entity130 @entity1 and 6 surgical controls were assayed at 3 day post-injury intervals for their levels of TF activity. Changes in monocyte TF activity were correlated to increases in the fractional catabolic rate (FCR) of 125 I-fibrinogen. @entity130 @entity1 were retrospectively divided into those whose FcR was elevated to a level indicative of @entity1003 and those whose FCR levels were not associated with @entity854 . All @entity130 @entity1 who exhibited significantly increased FCR experienced @entity1031 episodes and had monocytes whose TF activity was increased an average of 300% (mean = 47 units vs mean = 12 units) over surgical controls. These increase in monocyte TF activity occurred at 6-13 days post injury and preceded clinical manifestation of @entity1003 by 4-6 days. The increased monocyte TF activity demonstrated in this study was significantly correlated to detection of pathologically increased FCR (R = 0.850) and compared to other indices of @entity49 .

title: Generation of tissue factor by XXXX monocytes: correlation to @entity1031 complications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['hypercoagulability']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['coagulation abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['Thromboembolic', 'thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Genetic variants of endosomal toll like receptors (TLR) have been associated with many infectious, @entity792 , but few studies have been reported in the Spanish population. The aim of this study was to describe the allelic and genotypic distributions of some common @entity4334 substitutions of endosomal TLRs in healthy Spanish @entity1 and to compare them with those already published in other population groups. Nine substitutions were analysed in 150 DNA samples from 150 Spanish, non-related healthy females: @entity6800 @entity64795 and @entity64796 ; @entity6438 @entity72871 and @entity72872 ; @entity22879 @entity66363 and @entity6801 @entity15933 , @entity15935 , @entity72873 and @entity64800 . Genotyping was carried out by real time PCR and melting curve analysis in a LightCycler 480. A systematic review was performed in order to compare the genotypic distributions in our cohort with those previously published in other population groups. The comparative study was performed with the two tailed Fisher's test or the Yates continuity correction for the Chi-square test when appropriate. No homozygotes for @entity72872 in @entity6438 were found, and @entity72873 and @entity64800 of @entity6801 were in strong linkage disequilibrium. Genotype distributions in endosomal TLR are similar to other Spanish series previously reported. As expected, most differences were found when comparing our distributions with Asiatics, but differences were also found with other Caucasian populations. Since there are significant variations in genotypic distributions of TLRs in both interracial groups and within the same ethnic group, to carry out studies of disease susceptibility in more restricted groups is mandatory.

title: Genotypic distribution of common variants of endosomal toll like receptors in healthy Spanish XXXX . A comparative study with other populations.

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune and inflammatory diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECT: A large volume of @entity1 presented to a Level I pediatric @entity130 center during and after a recent tornado disaster. Injuries of the central and peripheral nervous systems and the medical responses of a pediatric neurosurgical team are reviewed. METHODS: The clinical courses of @entity1 who suffered cranial, spinal, and @entity1897 due to the tornado storm are reported. The clinical actions taken by the neurosurgical team during and after the event are reviewed and the lessons learned are discussed. RESULTS: The tornado storm system moved through the Tuscaloosa and Birmingham metropolitan areas on the early evening hours of April 27, 2011. Twenty-four @entity1 received care from the neurosurgical team. A total of 11 cranial (including placement of an external ventricular drain), 2 spine, and 2 peripheral procedures were performed for the victims. Nine procedures were performed within the first 12 hours of the event, and an additional 6 surgeries were performed in the following 24 hours. Injuries of the peripheral nervous system often presented in a delayed fashion. Several key components were identified that enabled adequate neurosurgical care for a large influx of acute @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Massive casualties due to tornados are rare. A well-organized physician team working with the hospital administration may decrease the mortality and morbidity of such events.

title: Massive XXXX and lessons learned following a tornado disaster in Alabama.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['pediatric neurosurgical injuries']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Surgical repair of @entity1408 ( @entity1408 ) in childhood is a well-established procedure. Previously used operative techniques to correct @entity1408 were largely based on the Ravitch technique. Since about 10 years, the minimally invasive repair (MIRPE) by Nuss is well established. Conservative treatment with the vacuum bell to elevate the funnel in @entity1 with @entity1408 represents a potential alternative to surgery in selected @entity1 . METHODS: A suction cup is used to create a vacuum at the anterior chest wall. Three different sizes of vacuum bell exist which are selected according to the individual @entity1 age. When creating the vacuum, the lift of the sternum is obvious and remains for a different time period. The device should be used for a minimum of 30 min (twice/day), and may be used up to a maximum of several hours daily. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-three @entity1 (110 males, 23 females) aged from 3 to 61 years (median 16.21 years) used the vacuum bell for 1 to a maximum of 36 months. Computed tomographic scans showed that the device lifted the sternum and ribs immediately. In addition, this was confirmed thoracoscopically during the MIRPE procedure. One hundred and five @entity1 showed a permanent lift of the sternum for more than 1 cm after 3 months of daily application. Thirteen @entity1 stopped the application and underwent MIRPE. Relevant side effects were not noted. CONCLUSION: The vacuum bell has proved to be an alternative therapeutic option in selected @entity1 suffering from @entity1408 . The initial results proved to be dramatic, but long-term results are so far lacking, and further evaluation and follow-up studies are necessary.

title: The vacuum bell for conservative treatment of XXXX : the Basle experience.

entities_list: @entity1408 :: ('MESH:D005660', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pectus excavatum']

answer: @entity1408 :: (MESH:D005660,Disease) :: ['pectus excavatum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies show an inverse association between height and risk of @entity583 . How height affects survival after @entity583 is uncertain. METHODS: In the Determinants of @entity583 Onset Study, trained interviewers performed chart reviews and face-to-face interviews with 1935 @entity1 hospitalized with @entity583 in 45 US medical centers between 1989 and 1993. We excluded 15 @entity1 with missing information on height. After a search of the National Death Index for @entity1 who died before 1996, we analyzed the relationship of height and survival with Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS: Of the 1920 eligible @entity1 , 317 (17%) died during a median follow-up of 3.8 years. Height was positively associated with younger age, greater educational attainment, and a lower likelihood of being sedentary among both @entity1 and @entity1 . Height was not associated with long-term survival among @entity1 in unadjusted or adjusted analyses. Among @entity1 , height was associated with survival only in unadjusted analyses; adjustment for age eliminated this association. We found no relationship between height and survival in any individual age group among @entity1 or @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Although stature may be associated with the risk of @entity583 , it is not associated with long-term survival after such an event.

title: Height is not associated with long-term survival after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) surgery is beginning to include advanced laparoscopic operations such as Heller myotomy with anterior fundoplication. However, the efficacy of LESS Heller myotomy has not been established. This study aimed to evaluate the authors' initial experience with LESS Heller myotomy for @entity1318 . METHODS: Transumbilical LESS Heller myotomy with concomitant anterior fundoplication for @entity1318 was undertaken for 66 @entity1 after October 2007. Outcomes including operative time, complications, and length of hospital stay were recorded and compared with those for an earlier contiguous group of 66 consecutive @entity1 undergoing conventional multi-incision laparoscopic Heller myotomy with anterior fundoplication. Symptoms before and after myotomy were scored by the @entity1 using a Likert scale ranging from 0 (never/not severe) to 10 (always/very severe). Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, the Wilcoxon matched-pairs test, and Fisher's exact test where appropriate. RESULTS: @entity1 undergoing LESS Heller myotomy were similar to those undergoing conventional laparoscopic Heller myotomy in gender, age, body mass index (BMI), @entity190 , and length of hospital stay. However, the @entity1 undergoing LESS Heller myotomies had operations of significantly longer duration (median, 117 vs. 93 min with the conventional laparoscopic approach) (p<0.003). For 11 @entity1 (16%) undergoing LESS Heller myotomy, additional ports/incisions were required. No @entity1 were converted to "open" operations, and no @entity1 had procedure-specific complications. Symptom reduction was dramatic and satisfying after both LESS and conventional laparoscopic myotomy with fundoplication. The symptom reduction was similar with the two procedures. The LESS approach left no apparent umbilical scar. CONCLUSION: Heller myotomy with anterior fundoplication effectively treats @entity1318 . The findings showed LESS Heller myotomy with anterior fundoplication to be feasible, safe, and efficacious. Although the LESS approach increases operative time, it does not increase procedure-related morbidity or hospital length of stay and avoids apparent umbilical scarring. Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery represents a paradigm shift to more minimally invasive surgery and is applicable to advanced laparoscopic operations such as Heller myotomy and anterior fundoplication.

title: Laparoendoscopic single-site Heller myotomy with anterior fundoplication for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1318 :: ('MESH:D004931', 'Disease') :: ['achalasia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

answer: @entity1318 :: (MESH:D004931,Disease) :: ['achalasia']


abstract: A retrospective review was carried out to study @entity1 , not more than 16 years old, with a confirmed diagnosis of @entity2946 , who were residents of the Province of Ontario at the time of diagnosis between 1977 and 1987 inclusive. The provincial @entity5 registry provided the population database. One hundred and eight @entity1 with @entity2946 were identified of whom 72 (67%) were initially treated at University of Toronto Centres and 36 (33%) at other Health Science Centres, hospitals, and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in Ontario. The hospital/ @entity5 Centre records were reviewed. The 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) for all @entity1 treated in Ontario was 58% (SE = 5%). Those treated in Toronto had a 5-year RFS of 65% (SE = 6%) compared to 44% (SE = 8%) for those treated in other RCCs in the province (P = 0.02). Relapse-free survival for the RCCs ranged from 25 to 60%, with a trend for improved survival with increasing centre size. Univariate analysis of determinants of relapse-free survival for all 108 @entity1 showed the following variables to be significant: T-stage (Tx + T1 + T2 vs. @entity12817 + T3B) P = 0.0004, M-stage (M0 + Mx vs. M1-4) P = 0.0006, extent of resection (total vs. less than total) P = 0.002, radiotherapy (craniospinal irradiation and posterior fossa boost vs. other) P = 0.02, and treatment centre (Toronto centres vs. @entity5 ) P = 0.02. Cases treated at centres outside metropolitan Toronto had a nearly two-fold (relative risk = 1.93; 95% confidence interval = 1.07, 3.47) greater risk of recurrence or @entity204 than those seen in Toronto. However, in multivariate analysis this difference was not quite significant (P = 0.07) after controlling for stage (T and M), extent of resection, @entity693 , and gender. These data suggest that @entity1 with @entity2946 should be referred for treatment to large centres with major pediatric neurosurgical and oncology resources.

title: XXXX in Ontario, 1977-1987: population-based results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['RCC', 'Regional Cancer Centres', 'Cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity2946 :: ('MESH:D008527', 'Disease') :: ['medulloblastoma']

answer: @entity2946 :: (MESH:D008527,Disease) :: ['Childhood medulloblastoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: A study was performed to determine the effectiveness of radical radiation therapy (RT) in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity978 who relapsed following initial treatment with chemotherapy alone. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A retrospective review of @entity1 treated at City of Hope National Medical Center between 1970 and 1987 revealed a total of 10 @entity1 who received radical RT with curative intent as salvage therapy. RESULTS: Complete remission was achieved in eight of the ten @entity1 . @entity1 had an overall 5-year actual survival of 60% and 10-year actuarial survival of 38%. Relapse-free survival was 30% at 5 years and at 10 years. For the five @entity1 with a disease-free interval (DFI) of at least 12 months prior to radical RT, overall actual survival at 5 years was 100% and relapse-free survival was 60%. Three of the ten @entity1 , all with a DFI > 12 months and in first relapse when undergoing radical RT, were long-term relapse-free survivors. CONCLUSION: Radical RT is an effective salvage regimen for select @entity1 with advanced stage @entity978 who relapse following initial treatment with chemotherapy alone provided that relapse is limited to sites which can be encompassed by radical RT fields and the DFI is greater than 12 months. Review of other published series supports DFI > 12 months as a favorable prognostic factor. Comparison to other salvage regimens such as autologous bone marrow transplantation is limited. Reviews of other treatment modalities should perform subset analysis on @entity1 with similar presentations to compare the relative effectiveness of various salvage approaches.

title: Radical radiotherapy as salvage treatment for relapse of XXXX initially treated by chemotherapy alone: prognostic significance of the disease-free interval.

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's disease"]

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: A clinical trial for @entity1 with measurable, disseminated @entity14 is being conducted to determine: (1) if intratumoral expression of @entity1382 ( @entity1382 ) affects response to protracted-infusion @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ); and (2) whether intratumoral expression of @entity1382 increases when clinical resistance is found after response to @entity1487 . Polymerase chain reaction technology is employed to determine @entity1382 expression. Using @entity217 as an internal standard, @entity1382 expressions for 26 @entity1 range from 0.5 x 10(-3) to 22.6 x 10(-3). Currently, 22 @entity1 are evaluable for response and @entity1382 quantitation of their measurable @entity5 . 8 @entity1 (36%) have had partial responses; 3 responding @entity1 had been previously treated with @entity1487 . A strong statistical association between @entity1382 expression and resistance to therapy has been found (P = 0.004). No @entity1 with @entity1382 expression of 4.0 x 10(-3) or greater has responded. On average, @entity1 previously treated with @entity1487 have slightly higher levels of @entity1382 expression in their measurable @entity5 (P = 0.4). Whether responding @entity1 will develop increased expressions of @entity5 remains to be determined. Confirmation of these results in a larger cohort could lead to a scientific rationale for deciding upon specific therapy for @entity1 with disseminated @entity14 .

title: Quantitation of intratumoral @entity1382 expression predicts for resistance to protracted infusion of XXXX and weekly leucovorin in disseminated @entity14 : preliminary report from an ongoing trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1382 :: ('MESH:D020159', 'Disease') :: ['thymidylate synthase', 'TS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'TS upon clinical progression of their cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Several studies have found that the frequency of @entity1127 increases significantly from the age of 50 years. The goal of this study was to determine the differences in the clinical characteristics of @entity1127 between @entity1 aged 50 years and older, and younger @entity1 . METHODS: The colonoscopy database of 3,304 @entity1 at the Yeungnam University Medical Center between January 2009 and December 2009 was reviewed retrospectively. In total, 679 @entity1 were divided into the younger group (n=170) and the older group (aged >= 50 years) (n=509). A matched case-control study was performed using propensity scores and 117 @entity1 selected from each group. RESULTS: Compared to the younger group, the older group had a significantly higher proportion of female @entity1 , and @entity1 with @entity101 , a smoking history, and a history of taking medications. After performing the matched case-control study, 234 @entity1 and 679 @entity1586 were included in the analysis. Compared to the younger @entity1 , the older @entity1 had a significantly higher proportion of @entity75 (57.3% vs 25.6%, p<0.001), left- and right-side distribution (35.9% vs 12.0%, p<0.001), and larger @entity1127 (mean 9.1 mm vs 6.3 mm, p<0.001). A left-sided distribution was less common in the older group than in the younger group (35.0% vs 51.3%, p=0.025). CONCLUSIONS: The methods used to screen for @entity14 in older @entity1 should include colonoscopy due to the shift to the right side as a common location for @entity1127 in that age group.

title: A Matched Case-Control Study Using the Propensity Score on Differences in the Characteristics of XXXX between Younger and Older Koreans: Proximal Shift in the Distribution of @entity1127 among Older Koreans.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal polyps', 'polyps']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['multiple lesions']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['colon polyps']

answer: @entity1127 :: (MESH:D011127,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Polyps']


abstract: @entity2633 is a common overuse syndrome of the extensor tendons of the forearm. It is sometimes called tennis elbow, although it can occur with many activities. The condition affects @entity1 and @entity1 equally and is more common in @entity1 40 years or older. Despite the prevalence of @entity2633 and the numerous treatment strategies available, relatively few high-quality clinical trials support many of these treatment options; watchful waiting is a reasonable option. Topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroid injections, ultrasonography, and iontophoresis with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs appear to provide short-term benefits. Use of an inelastic, nonarticular, proximal forearm @entity10874 (tennis elbow brace) may improve function during daily activities. Progressive resistance exercises may confer modest intermediate-term results. Evidence is mixed on oral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, mobilization, and acupuncture. @entity1 with refractory symptoms may benefit from surgical intervention. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy, laser treatment, and electromagnetic field therapy do not appear to be effective.

title: Treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2633 :: ('MESH:D013716', 'Disease') :: ['lateral epicondylitis', 'Lateral epicondylitis']

answer: @entity2633 :: (MESH:D013716,Disease) :: ['lateral epicondylitis']


abstract: Genomic imprinting plays an important role in @entity1 development. Loss of imprinting (LOI) through loss (LOM) or gain (GOM) of methylation is involved in many @entity1 disorders and @entity5 . The imprinted 11p15 region is crucial for the control of foetal growth and LOI at this locus is implicated in two clinically opposite disorders: @entity11123 ( @entity11123 ) with foetal overgrowth associated with an enhanced @entity5 risk and @entity6815 ( @entity6815 ) with intrauterine and postnatal growth restriction. So far, only a few studies have assessed multilocus LOM in @entity1 imprinting diseases. To investigate multilocus LOI syndrome, we studied the methylation status of five maternally and two paternally methylated loci in a large series (n = 167) of @entity1 with 11p15-related @entity851 . We found that 9.5% of @entity6815 and 24% of @entity11123 @entity1 showed multilocus LOM at regions other than @entity50185 and @entity23429 11 @entity9288 , respectively. Moreover, over two third of multilocus LOM @entity6815 @entity1 also had LOM at a second paternally methylated locus, @entity11591 / @entity15047 IG-DMR. No additional clinical features due to LOM of other loci were found suggesting an (epi)dominant effect of the 11p15 LOM on the clinical phenotype for this series of @entity1 . Surprisingly, four @entity1 displayed LOM at both @entity50185 and @entity23429 11 @entity9288 . Three of them had a @entity6815 and one a @entity11123 phenotype. Our results show for the first time that multilocus LOM can also concern @entity6815 @entity1 . Moreover, LOM can involve both paternally and maternally methylated loci in the same @entity1 .

title: Multilocus methylation analysis in a large cohort of 11p15-related @entity851 ( XXXX ) reveals simultaneous loss of methylation at paternal and maternal imprinted loci.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['foetal growth disorders']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity11123 :: ('MESH:D001506', 'Disease') :: ['Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome', 'BWS']

entities_list: @entity6815 :: ('MESH:D056730', 'Disease') :: ['Russell-Silver syndrome', 'RSS']

answer: @entity11123 :: (MESH:D001506,Disease) :: ['Russell Silver and Beckwith Wiedemann syndromes']


abstract: PURPOSE: This paper presents a new cognitive assistive technology, nonlinear contextually aware prompting system (N-CAPS) that uses advanced sensing and artificial intelligence to monitor and provide assistance to workers with @entity73 during a factory assembly task. METHODS: The N-CAPS system was designed through the application of various computer vision and artificial intelligence algorithms that allows the system to track a user during a specific assembly task, and then provide verbal and visual prompts to the worker as needed. A pilot study was completed with the N-CAPS solution in order to investigate whether it was an appropriate intervention. Four @entity1 completed the required assembly task five different times, using the N-CAPS system. RESULTS: The @entity1 completed all of the trials that they attempted with 85.7% of the steps completed without assistance from the job coach. Of the 85.7% of steps completed independently, 32.5% of these were completed in response to prompts given by N-CAPS. Overall system accuracy was 83.3%, the overall sensitivity was 86.2% and the overall specificity was 82.4%. CONCLUSIONS: The results from the study were positive in that they showed that this type of technology does have merit with this population. Implications for Rehabilitation It provides a concise summary of the importance of work in the lives of @entity1 with @entity717 and how technology can support this life goal. It describes the first artificially intelligent system designed to support workers with intellectually disabilities. It provides evidence that individuals with @entity717 can perform a work task in response to technology.

title: A nonlinear contextually aware prompting system (N-CAPS) to assist workers with XXXX to perform factory assembly tasks: system overview and pilot testing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive disabilities']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['intellectual disabilities']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['intellectual and developmental disabilities']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effects of statins on serum n-3 to n-6 @entity1474 ( @entity5204 ) levels have not been fully evaluated. We examined the effects of two types of @entity6817 ( @entity8671 and @entity2452 ) on serum @entity5204 levels and their ratios in @entity1 with @entity2299 . FINDINGS: A total of 46 @entity1 who were not receiving lipid-lowering therapy were randomly assigned to receive either 2.5  mg/day of @entity8671 or 2  mg/day of @entity2452 . Serum @entity5204 levels were measured at baseline, at 4  weeks, and at 12  weeks. @entity8671 was used to treat 23 @entity1 , and the remaining 23 @entity1 were treated using @entity2452 . Serum @entity4600 ( @entity4601 ) levels decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity8671 : from 169.6 to 136.3   g/mL, p   =   0.006; @entity2452 : from 188.6 to 153.9   g/mL, p   =   0.03). However, serum levels of @entity7784 ( @entity8393 ) and @entity1426 (AA) did not change. In addition, the @entity8393 /AA ratio did not change, whereas the @entity4601 /AA ratio decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity8671 : from 0.99 to 0.80, p   =   0.01; @entity2452 : from 1.14 to 0.91, p   =   0.003). No adverse events were observed during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: In this small, open-label, pilot study, @entity8671 and @entity2452 decreased serum @entity4601 levels and the @entity4601 /AA ratio in @entity1 with @entity2299 .

title: @entity6817 treatment alters serum n-3 to n-6 @entity1474 ratio in XXXX with @entity2299 .

entities_list: @entity7784 :: ('MESH:D015118', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosapentaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity4600 :: ('CHEBI:28125', 'Chemical') :: ['docosahexaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity8671 :: ('MESH:C422923', 'Chemical') :: ['rosuvastatin', 'Rosuvastatin']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity2452 :: ('MESH:C108475', 'Chemical') :: ['pitavastatin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Inasmuch as @entity14948 do not occur frequently, a preadolescent or early adolescent @entity1 who has persistent complaints of @entity158 with peroneal or anterior tibial muscle @entity2473 warrants special evaluation. The @entity1 may complain of becoming easily tired or report the onset of @entity158 with increased activity. Clinical examination may reveal local tenderness over the area of the coalition, but this is not a consistent finding. Restricted inversion of the foot with @entity2473 of the peroneals, forefoot abduction or pronation should alert the examining physician that a @entity8214 may be present. Appropriate roentgenograms examining all of the possibly involved joints should be obtained. These include 45 degrees oblique views of the foot, which usually give a satisfactory view of the @entity8212 joint. Coalitions may occur in any of the facets of the talocalcaneal joint and therefore all facets must be evaluated. The anatomic location of the facets can be variable and multiple-angle axial views may be required. We recommend a 45 degrees axial view to visualize the posterior and middle facets, since they are normally parallel in the axial view. If @entity82 are present, the middle facet may be oblique. Tomography is necessary to visualize the anterior facet or to confirm a coalition either in the middle or in the posterior facets.

title: @entity8214 : review of the literature and case report of bilateral dual XXXX and @entity14948 .

entities_list: @entity8214 :: ('MESH:C536943', 'Disease') :: ['tarsal coalition']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous coalitions']

entities_list: @entity8212 :: ('MESH:C538156', 'Disease') :: ['calcaneonavicular']

entities_list: @entity14948 :: ('MESH:C536895', 'Disease') :: ['midfoot coalitions']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful flat foot', 'pain']

answer: @entity8212 :: (MESH:C538156,Disease) :: ['calcaneonavicular']


abstract: Currently numerous clinical trials are in progress utilizing intracarotid (i.c.) @entity3600 (BCNU) for the treatment of @entity11 based upon the proposed focal nature of these @entity5 and the assumption that the i.c. route delivers higher levels of drug to the @entity5 . To date, however, increased efficacy in an animal model has not been clearly demonstrated for the i.c. delivery of BCNU. We have evaluated the dose-response curve for the i.v. and i.c. administration of @entity3600 in a commonly utilized experimental @entity1313 model, the 9L @entity35 @entity3038 . An initial @entity137 trial utilizing the i.p. 10% lethal dose (LD10) of BCNU by the i.v. and i.c. routes failed to demonstrate any significance in @entity137 between the two routes. Tumor-bearing animals were then treated on Day 15-16 after @entity5 inoculations with 1, 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the LD10 dose by either the i.v. or the i.c. route. Both i.v. and i.c. BCNU gave maximum survival increases at 75-100% LD10 doses, and there was no therapeutic advantage seen from i.c. delivery. However, at 50% of the LD10 dose (6.65 mg/kg), triplicate experiments demonstrated that the i.c. but not the i.v. dose maintained maximum efficacy equivalent to 100% of the LD10 given either i.v. or i.c. When the dose was reduced to 25% of the LD10 dose (3.33 mg/kg), two of three experiments showed efficacy of the i.c. delivery of this lower drug dosage to be equivalent to 100% of the LD10 given i.v. or i.c. The i.v. dosage resulted in a significant reduction in survival in all three trials. At 10% of the LD10 dose (1.30 mg/kg), neither the i.v. nor the i.c. administration retained equivalent efficacy to 100% of the LD10. However, in one of two trials, the i.c. groups had statistically better survival than controls, while in neither experiment was any advantage over controls seen in the i.v. treated groups. At 1% of the LD10 dose, neither the i.v. nor the i.c. route demonstrated any therapeutic efficacy. From our data, the advantage of the i.c. delivery of BCNU in the intracranial 9L @entity35 @entity3038 appears to be in the fact that significantly lower dosages than those given i.v. may be utilized to achieve equivalent survival with potentially less systemic @entity137 .

title: Comparison of intravenous versus intracarotid therapy with @entity3600 in a @entity35 XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity3038 :: ('MESH:D018316', 'Disease') :: ['gliosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['malignant gliomas']

entities_list: @entity3600 :: ('MESH:D002330', 'Chemical') :: ['BCNU', '1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea']

answer: @entity1313 :: (MESH:D001932,Disease) :: ['brain tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ), estimation of @entity1188 size from the early markers, @entity844 -binding protein (FABP) and @entity5632 (MYO), usually assumes average (fixed) rate constants (FCR) for protein clearance from plasma. However, individual variation in FCR is large. @entity8 causes slower clearance of FABP and MYO from plasma and, hence, overestimation of @entity1188 size in 20-25% of @entity1 . We investigated whether or not more accurate values of @entity1188 size could be obtained with individually estimated clearance rates. METHODS: Concentrations of FABP and MYO and, for comparison, activities of the established cardiac markers, @entity908 kinase (CK) and @entity27216 dehydrogenase (HBDH), were assayed in serial plasma samples from 138 @entity1 with @entity583 . Individual FCR values of FABP and MYO were estimated from plasma @entity1011 concentrations, sex and age. RESULTS: Individual FCR values varied from 0.4 to 2.4 h-1. Use of these individual FCR values significantly improved the correlation between @entity1188 size, as estimated from FABP or MYO on the one hand, and from CK and HBDH on the other. Approximately equal estimates of @entity1188 size were obtained for all four marker proteins. CONCLUSIONS: Using individually estimated clearance rates, @entity177 no longer hampers calculation of @entity1188 size from FABP and MYO, and reliable estimates of total @entity296 can be obtained within 24 h after first symptoms.

title: Measurement of XXXX size from plasma @entity844 -binding protein or @entity5632 , using individually estimated clearance rates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial damage']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity27216 :: ('MESH:C031570', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-hydroxybutyrate']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarct']