abstract: OBJECTIVES: Management of @entity1 with @entity697 ( @entity697 ) and @entity1779 secondary to occlusion or @entity850 of the left common carotid artery (LCCA) or right common carotid artery (RCCA) is a significant challenge. The aim of this study is to present our institutional strategy and postoperative results for this high-risk @entity1 cohort. METHODS: Between November 2005 and July 2013, 23 of 354 consecutively operated @entity697 @entity1 [median age: 66.3; interquartile range (IQR): 55.2-69.9] suffered from @entity1779 due to bilateral (n = 1) or unilateral occlusion of the LCCA/RCCA (n = 22). @entity697 repair comprised hemi- (n = 14) or total (n = 9) arch replacement in combination with aortic valve repair (n = 7) or replacement (n = 11), root replacement (n = 15) and coronary bypass (n = 3). Extra-anatomic aorto-carotid bypass was performed in all @entity1 . Aorto-carotid bypass was performed at the beginning of the procedure to allow for unilateral selective cerebral perfusion (n = 17; 73.9%) or during the procedure if persisting malperfusion was suspected by near-infrared spectroscopy (n = 6; 26.1%). RESULTS: The median follow-up was 15.2 months (IQR: 4.8-34.1) and 100% complete. Median hospital stay and ICU stay were 16.0 (IQR: 12.5-26.0) and 13.7 (IQR: 2.0-16.5) days, respectively. Rethoracotomy for @entity548 or @entity2293 was performed in 6 (26.1%) @entity1 . Other @entity260 comprised low cardiac output with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (n = 2; 8.7%), @entity295 (n = 4; 17.4%), @entity1576 (n = 10; 43.5%), @entity177 with temporary dialysis (n = 7; 30.4%) and visceral malperfusion (n = 2; 8.7%) requiring stent grafting (n = 1) or laparotomy with intestinal resection (n = 1). @entity64 with or without permanent @entity3481 was diagnosed in 8 (34.8%) @entity1 . @entity51 were seen in 9 (39.1%) individuals. Hospital and 1-year mortality rates were 13.0 and 30.4%, respectively. Overall survival after 36 months of the 23 @entity1 (Group I = Extra-anatomic bypass) versus the remaining 331 @entity697 @entity1 without @entity432 (Group II = no extra-anatomic bypass) was 69.6% (n = 16) in Group I vs 72.5% (n = 240) in Group II (P = 0.90). CONCLUSION: Extra-anatomic bypass for LCCA or @entity432 allows for early selective cerebral perfusion during @entity697 repair, and may reduce the risk of @entity16 in @entity1 with preoperative @entity1779 .

title: Extra-anatomic revascularization for preoperative @entity1779 due to distal carotid artery occlusion in XXXX   .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['AADA', 'acute aortic dissection type A']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['New stroke']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2293 :: ('MESH:D002305', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tamponade']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity3481 :: ('MESH:D015417', 'Disease') :: ['sensory or motor deficit']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['Temporary neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['distal RCCA/LCCA occlusion', 'RCCA occlusion']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral malperfusion']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute type A aortic dissection']


abstract: PURPOSE: The excision of the @entity703 with a substantial margin of healthy parenchyma is considered the gold standard technique for partial nephrectomy. However, simple enucleation showed excellent results in some retrospective series. We compared the oncologic outcomes after standard partial nephrectomy and simple enucleation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 982 @entity1 who underwent standard partial nephrectomy and 537 who had simple enucleation for localized @entity1358 at 16 academic centers between 1997 and 2007. Local recurrence, @entity5 specific survival and progression-free survival were the main outcomes of this study. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival functions and differences were assessed with the log rank statistic. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models addressed progression-free survival and @entity5 specific survival. RESULTS: Median followup of the @entity1 undergoing traditional partial nephrectomy and simple enucleation was 51    37.8 and 54.4    36 months, respectively (p = 0.08). The 5 and 10-year progression-free survival estimates were 88.9 and 82% after standard partial nephrectomy, and 91.4% and 90.8% after simple enucleation (p = 0.09). The 5 and 10-year @entity5 specific survival estimates were 93.9% and 91.6% after standard partial nephrectomy, and 94.3% and 93.2% after simple enucleation (p = 0.94). On multivariable analysis the adopted nephron sparing surgery technique was not an independent predictor of progression-free survival (HR 0.8, p = 0.55) and @entity5 specific survival (HR 0.7, p = 0.53) when adjusted for the effect of the other covariates. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge this is the first multicenter, comparative study showing oncologic equivalence of standard partial nephrectomy and simple enucleation.

title: Simple enucleation is equivalent to traditional partial nephrectomy for XXXX : results of a nonrandomized, retrospective, comparative study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumor']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The ischial tuberosity, referred to as the "sit bone" by @entity1 with @entity158 , is surrounded by critical nerves. This research relates, for the first time, the involvement of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (PFCN), including its perineal and @entity75 to the symptom of "sitting @entity158 ." An experience with PFCN resection for treatment of @entity158 with sitting is reported. @entity1 AND METHODS: The computer records were searched from 2010 through August of 2013, identifying 17 @entity1 who had surgery on PFCN. Fifteen of these 17 were @entity1 . Mean age of 17 @entity1 was 54.6 years (range 30-74 years). Each @entity1 had @entity158 with sitting, and spent much of the day standing or lying down. Each had symptoms involving posterior thigh and buttock. Three @entity1 had bilateral problems. Each of 17 @entity1 in this series had resection of PFCN through an incision in the gluteal crease. Resection included @entity75 and perineal branch. RESULTS: Of 17 @entity1 , at a mean of 19.4 months (range 6 to 42 months) after surgery, the visual analog scale improved from a mean of 9.2 to a mean of 2.1 (P   <   0.0001). There were 7 excellent, 6 good, 3 fair, and 1 poor result, for 76% good to excellent result in terms of @entity158 relief and improvement in being able to sit. CONCLUSION: @entity158 with sitting can be due to @entity2096 , a previously unreported etiology. Good to excellent results can be expected in 76% of carefully selected @entity1 .

title: XXXX with sitting related to @entity2096 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2096 :: ('MESH:D020428', 'Disease') :: ['injury to PFCN']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['inferior cluneal branches']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: Few studies have investigated the impact of school-based physical activity interventions on anthropometric characteristics concomitantly with aerobic and anaerobic capacities in young @entity1 . The present study aimed to assess the effect of a 6-month physical activity program on body composition and physical fitness among primary schoolchildren. Four hundred fifty-seven @entity1 aged 6 to 10 years were randomly assigned to the intervention group (229 @entity1 ) or observational group (228 @entity1 ). @entity1 ' height and weight were assessed, and @entity28 was determined using French reference curves for BMI. The sum of the four skinfolds and fat-free mass were determined. Ground tests were used to assess aerobic (20-m shuttle run test) and anaerobic (cycling peak power) fitness before and after a 6-month physical activity intervention. The anthropometric modifications obtained over the 6 months cannot be attributed to the intervention as the ANOVA revealed no group effect (intervention vs. group). However, anaerobic and aerobic fitness were significantly improved, thanks to the program in both lean and @entity28 @entity1 . A 6-month school-based physical activity intervention in 6- to 10-year-old @entity1 did not yield positive anthropometric improvements, but appears effective in terms of aerobic and anaerobic physical fitness. Two physical activity sessions per week in addition to standard physical education classes in primary schoolchildren bring effective results for the prevention of @entity28 .

title: Effect of a 6-month school-based physical activity program on body composition and physical XXXX schoolchildren.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['childhood obesity', 'obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['fitness in lean and obese']


abstract: The haemodynamic tolerance of intravenous @entity10719 was evaluated during the acute phase of @entity583 . This is a beta-blocker with an intrinsic beta-stimulant effect. The study consisted of 14 @entity1 (10 cases of inferior @entity1188 and 4 cases of anterior @entity1188 ) with a mean capillary pressure of less than 20 mmHg and a cardiac index greater than 2 l X min-1 X m-2. The minimal dose of @entity10719 was 0.05 mg X kg-1 X h-1 and the maximal dose was 0.125 mg X kg-1 X h-1. The intravenous infusion of @entity10719 was commenced between 3 and 12 hours (average: 7.5 hours) after the @entity1188 and was continued for 48 hours, at which time it was replaced by oral administration. The mean total intravenous dose was 409 mg (from 190 to 510 mg). Two @entity1 were excluded from the protocol because of the development of 2nd degree @entity713 several minutes after the beginning of the infusion. The basal values of the cardiac index (2.7 l X min-1 X m-2 +/- 0.37), the mean capillary pressure (9.4 mmHg +/- 2.7) and the systolic index (38.3 ml/m2 +/- 6.4) did not change significantly during the infusion, in the 14 @entity1 studied. The double product, heart rate x blood pressure, decreased from the mean basal value of 9,443 to 7,680 at 24 hours and to 7,000 at 48 hours (p less than 0.05). @entity10719 does not depress left ventricular function, provided that it is reserved for @entity1 with class I or II disease according to Killip and Kimball's classification.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Hemodynamic effects of intravenous @entity10719 in the acute phase of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular block']

entities_list: @entity10719 :: ('MESH:D000070', 'Chemical') :: ['acebutolol', 'Acebutolol']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Dairy @entity291 are high value farm animals requiring careful management to achieve the best results. Since the advent of robotic and high throughput milking, the traditional few minutes available for individual @entity1 attention daily has disappeared and new automated technologies have been applied to improve monitoring of dairy @entity291 production, nutrition, fertility, health and welfare. @entity291 milked by robots must meet legal requirements to detect healthy milk. This review focuses on emerging technical approaches in those areas of high cost to the farmer (fertility, @entity209 , @entity1271 , @entity1273 and calving). The availability of low cost tri-axial accelerometers and wireless telemetry has allowed accurate models of behaviour to be developed and sometimes combined with rumination activity detected by acoustic sensors to detect oestrus; other measures (milk and skin temperature, electronic noses, milk yield) have been abandoned. In-line biosensors have been developed to detect markers for ovulation, pregnancy, @entity1132 , @entity1271 and metabolic changes. Wireless telemetry has been applied to develop boluses for monitoring the rumen pH and temperature to detect @entity209 . Udder health requires a multisensing approach due to the varying inflammatory responses collectively described as @entity1271 . Lameness can be detected by walk over weigh cells, but also by various types of video image analysis and speed measurement. Prediction and detection of calving time is an area of active research mostly focused on behavioural change.

title: Animal board invited review: precision livestock farming for dairy XXXX with a focus on oestrus detection.

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disorders']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']


abstract: We studied the prevalence of @entity56 in an unselected group of 708 adolescents aged 15-17 years. All subjects were physically examined and interviewed by the authors. The prevalence of past or present @entity565 was 5.7% in @entity1 and 3.1% in @entity1 . The figures for hay @entity221 were 14% and 8%, and for @entity483 ( @entity56 ) 25% and 30%, respectively. In 24% of all symptomatic subjects, the condition had not been active during the year preceding the study. The sex difference in the prevalence of hay @entity221 was significant. It is associated with higher immediate skin test reactivity in @entity1 . A progressive increase in the frequency of @entity56 was observed with increasing number of positive skin reactions in both @entity1 and @entity1 . Respiratory @entity566 was closely related to a positive skin test: 87% of the asthmatics and 83% of all those with @entity2023 exhibited at least one positive skin reaction. For @entity483 the association was less pronounced. Nineteen per cent of the population studied had a positive symptom history and a positive skin test to pollens, animal epithelia or dusts indicating a clinically significant relationship. However, 39% of the 346 subjects with a positive skin test, including some with a large number of positive reactions, were completely asymptomatic.

title: XXXX and immediate skin test reactivity in Finnish adolescents.

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic disorders', 'including allergic urticaria']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['Allergic disorders']


abstract: We report three @entity1 with blastic natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoma of the skin associated with @entity2590 ( @entity2590 ) (two @entity1 ) or subacute @entity1778 (one @entity1 ). In two @entity1 @entity2590 was diagnosed before @entity272 ; the @entity1 with @entity1778 initially presented with @entity272 . Our @entity1 had several clinical features in common, namely multiple @entity272 with a @entity2981 -like appearance, involvement of the oral mucosa, and good general status at presentation but very rapid deterioration in the course of the disease. All @entity1 died of disease 4-14 months after the diagnosis. Histopathologically, there were cutaneous infiltrates of slightly pleomorphic medium-sized cells expressing @entity404 , @entity2940 , @entity10730 (focally) and being negative for surface CD3, cytotoxic molecules, B-cell-associated markers and myelomonocytic markers. Erythrocyte extravasation was seen in all @entity1 . T-cell receptor genes were in germline configuration. @entity2590 was classified as @entity1503 with @entity1141 and @entity27487 and @entity417 with transition to @entity417 . We reviewed similar cases reported in the literature showing coexistence of @entity1892 / @entity1778 and @entity2590 or @entity1778 . We conclude that given an overall limited number of reported cases of @entity1892 / @entity1778 , its association with various @entity9713 seen in a subset of @entity1 ( approximately 15-20%) is more than coincidental and may indicate their common origin.

title: Blastic natural killer-cell lymphoma of the skin associated with XXXX or @entity1778 : a coincidence or more?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity10730 :: ('1791', 'Gene') :: ['terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase']

entities_list: @entity27487 :: ('MESH:D000756', 'Disease') :: ['ring sideroblasts']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['refractory anaemia', 'refractory anaemia with excess of blasts']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndrome', 'MDS']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['refractory cytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukaemia', 'myelomonocytic leukaemia', 'myelogenous leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['blastic NK-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity9713 :: ('MESH:D054437', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disorders']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['multilineage dysplasia']

answer: @entity2590 :: (MESH:D009190,Disease) :: ['myelodysplastic syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the CT and MR characteristics of @entity5 , rare epithelial neoplasms of the ovary. METHOD: CT and MR scans of eight pathologically proven @entity5 of the ovary (seven benign, one malignant, and one associated with @entity8940 ) were retrospectively reviewed. The masses were analyzed for location, size, external configuration, internal architecture, enhancement pattern, presence of @entity730 , and metastatic spread. RESULTS: The @entity1 ' median age was 63 years (range 39-79 years), and the mean size of the @entity5 was 11.4 cm (7.5-17 cm). All @entity5 were unilateral and had a well-defined margin. The mass was mostly solid in three, mostly cystic in one, and "mixed" solid and cystic in four cases. The @entity5 with cystic components (n = 5) were mostly multilocular in appearance (n = 4). All the solid components showed mild homogeneous enhancement on postcontrast CT and MRI. Extensive amorphous @entity730 within the solid component on CT was seen in five of six cases (83%). No characteristic findings discriminating @entity10968 could be found. CONCLUSION: Extensive amorphous @entity730 in a solid mass or solid component in a multilocular cystic mass is a characteristic finding of @entity10968 and MRI.

title: XXXX : CT and MR findings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Brenner tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity10968 :: ('MESH:D001948', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy from benign Brenner tumor', 'Brenner tumor of the ovary on CT']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity8940 :: ('MESH:D018291', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous cystadenoma']

answer: @entity10968 :: (MESH:D001948,Disease) :: ['Brenner tumor of the ovary']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inflammatory mechanisms and immune activation have been hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of age-associated diseases, including @entity195 . PURPOSE: The evaluation of inflammatory markers in @entity1 with @entity303 , and to determine whether these markers can be used to differentiate between @entity1294 ( @entity1294 ) and @entity195 ( @entity195 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: Twenty demented @entity1 (10 @entity195 and 10 @entity1294 ) and 20 non-demented controls were subjected to clinical evaluation, MRI brain scans and laboratory tests, including @entity650 , @entity1851 and serum protein electrophoresis. RESULTS: The results of this study revealed that serum levels of @entity650 and @entity1851 were significantly elevated among @entity1 with both types of @entity303 compared to normal elderly subjects. Although the mean @entity650 level was higher in @entity1 with @entity195 compared to @entity1 with @entity1294 , this difference was not significant. The cutoff value at which the serum level of @entity650 gave maximum sensitivity and specificity was 14.25 pg/ml. Moreover, a   - and a   -globulins were able to discriminate between @entity195 and @entity1294 (being significantly higher in @entity195 ). CONCLUSION: @entity650 levels could be used to differentiate @entity303 from normal aging. Moreover, a   - and a   -globulins could differentiate between @entity195 and @entity1294 . It can be concluded that @entity32 plays an important role in both types of @entity303 .

title: Role of @entity650 and alpha-globulins in differentiating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1294 :: ('MESH:D015140', 'Disease') :: ['VD', 'vascular dementia']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease", "Alzheimer's dementia"]

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1294 :: (MESH:D015140,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer and vascular dementias']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare demographic and clinical events in three groups of preterm neonates: those with @entity3166 ( @entity3166 ), those with @entity3257 ( @entity3257 ) and in preterm @entity1 without NEC. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective case-control study was conducted at Yale New Haven @entity1 's Hospital using @entity1 data from January 1991 to December 2007. Study @entity1 were less than 36 weeks of gestational age (GA) at birth, without @entity344 . Cases ( @entity3166 ) were diagnosed at operation or at autopsy with observation of >80% @entity39 of the GI tract. Two control groups were assigned: Group 1 or @entity3257 and Group II or Non-NEC. Two to four controls per case were matched to cases by GA at birth  2 weeks. Demographic and clinical data for the day of diagnosis and retrospectively up to 7 days preceding diagnosis were recorded for those with @entity3166 and NEC. Group II controls were matched for date of birth and day of life, in addition to GA at birth. RESULT: A total of 14   075 @entity1 were admitted to the Newborn Special Care Unit during the study interval. Overall 328 @entity1 (2.3%) developed NEC>= Bell's Stage II; 39 @entity1 met inclusion criteria for @entity3166 case status; 148 @entity3257 and 110 non-NEC controls were assigned. In the comparison of NEC T and @entity3257 neonates, use of breast milk was associated with decreased risk of @entity3166 , adjusted odds ratio (OR)=0.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) of OR=0.08-0.085, P=0.03. When NEC T and non-NEC @entity1 were compared, having reached full-enteral feeds before the date of diagnosis of the matched case (adjusted OR=28.5, 95% CI of OR=2.7-299, P=0.005) and use of breast milk (adjusted OR=0.09, 95% CI of OR=0.02-0.56, P=0.01) were significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Breast milk usage was significantly associated with decreased occurrence of @entity3166 in our comparison of @entity3166 , @entity3257 and non-NEC @entity1 . Although there were some differences, the majority of demographic and clinical variables assessed were not shown to be significantly different between cases and controls. This highlights the need for more biological data in assessing risk of developing @entity3166 .

title: Risk factors for XXXX : a case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3166 :: ('MESH:D020345', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing enterocolitis totalis', 'NEC-T']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal (GI) malformations']

entities_list: @entity3257 :: ('MESH:C580335', 'Disease') :: ['NEC non-totalis', 'NEC non-T']

answer: @entity3166 :: (MESH:D020345,Disease) :: ['necrotizing enterocolitis totalis']


abstract: @entity4104 ( @entity4104 ), normally activated by Janus kinase (JAK) in response to cytokine stimulation, has been shown to have oncogenic potential. In addition to JAK, recent data suggest that @entity4104 can also be activated by other proteins such as the aberrant fusion protein, NPM- @entity7041 , which is expressed in a subset of @entity2108 ( @entity2108 ). In this study, we investigated the possible role of JAK in activating @entity4104 in @entity2108 using two @entity7041 -positive @entity2108 cell lines, Karpas 299 and SU-DHL-1. At the steady state, @entity7803 showed detectable @entity669 phosphorylation by immunoprecipitation. Treatment with @entity22943 , a JAK inhibitor, decreased but did not completely abrogate @entity669 phosphorylation of @entity7803 and @entity4104 in a concentration-dependent manner. Similar results were obtained using two other inhibitors of @entity7803 , WHI-P131 and WHI-P154. These biochemical changes were associated with apoptosis in both cell lines that was coupled with activation of @entity522 and decreased @entity1836 and @entity588 . Cell cycle analysis revealed a decrease in the S phase, which may be attributed to @entity18923 downregulation and @entity994 ) upregulation. Importantly, the @entity669 kinase activity of NPM- @entity7041 , as assessed by an in vitro assay, decreased with increasing concentrations of @entity22943 . Our findings highlight the importance of @entity7803 in activating @entity4104 in @entity2108 , and that NPM- @entity7041 -mediated activation of @entity4104 is influenced by the functional status of @entity7803 .

title: Inhibition of XXXX induces apoptosis and decreases anaplastic lymphoma kinase activity in @entity2108 .

entities_list: @entity4104 :: ('6774', 'Gene') :: ['Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3', 'STAT3']

entities_list: @entity2108 :: ('MESH:D017728', 'Disease') :: ['ALCL', 'systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity7803 :: (3718,Gene) :: ['JAK3']


abstract: Ultrasonically guided fine needle aspiration biopsy is known to be of great value in the diagnosis of @entity409 , with an overall accuracy rate of 73-94 p. 100. However, investigators have essentially reported cases of liver metastases. In this report, we examined the diagnostic value of this method in the specific case of @entity5 associated with @entity82 . Twenty-seven @entity1 with @entity82 (20 alcoholic, 4 post- @entity99 , 3 @entity9595 ) with ultrasonically suspected @entity99 were studied. They all presented severe @entity1503 clotting disturbances and/or @entity843 . At the end of the study, all @entity1 had proven @entity5 (by post mortem biopsy in 14 cases and/or serum @entity160 greater than 500 microgram/l in 17 cases). There were 25 primary and 2 @entity3 . Twenty-nine fine needle aspiration biopsies were performed under ultrasonic guidance. material suitable for cytologic evaluation was obtained in 25 @entity1 . In 14 cases, a diagnosis of @entity409 was firmly established by cytological examination; it was suggested in 4 other cases. @entity5 typing was possible in 12 primary and 2 @entity3 , in agreement with the proven diagnosis. The present study shows that fine needle aspiration biopsy under ultrasound guidance is a safe and accurate diagnostic procedure in @entity409 associated with @entity82 .

title: [Value of ultrasound-guided cytopuncture in the diagnosis of XXXX in @entity82 . Study of 29 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumor', 'malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['malignant involvement of the liver', 'malignant liver disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic malignancy', 'hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity9595 :: ('MESH:D006432', 'Disease') :: ['hemochromatosis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumors']


abstract: @entity3926 is the first available oral direct @entity556 inhibitor anticoagulant. Absorption of the prodrug, @entity14534 and its conversion to @entity3926 is rapid (peak plasma concentrations are reached 4-6 hours following surgery, and a further 2 hours later). Its oral bioavailability is low, but shows reduced interindividual variability. @entity3926 specifically and reversibly inhibits @entity556 , the key enzyme in the coagulation cascade. Studies both in healthy volunteers and in @entity1 undergoing major orthopaedic surgery show a predictable pk/pd profile that allows for fixed-dose regimens. The anticoagulant effect correlates adequately with the plasma concentrations of the drug, demonstrating effective anticoagulation combined with a low risk of @entity548 . @entity3926 is mainly eliminated by @entity8 (a fact which affects the dosage in elderly and in moderate-severe @entity177 @entity1 ), and no hepatic metabolism by cytochrome P450 isoenzymes has been observed, showing a good interaction profile. @entity3925 will probably be the first available oral @entity6236 ( @entity6236 ) direct inhibitor anticoagulant drug. It produces a reversible and predictable inhibition of @entity6236 activity with potential to inhibit clot-bound @entity6236 . Its pharmacokinetic characteristics include rapid absorption, high oral availability, high plasma protein binding and a half-life of aprox. 8 hours. Rivaroxaban elimination is mainly renal, but also through faecal matter and by hepatic metabolism. Although the drug has demonstrated moderate potential to interact with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors, it does not inhibit or induce any major CYP450 enzyme.

title: [Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the new oral anticoagulants XXXX and @entity3925 ].

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal excretion']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity3926 :: ('MESH:C554682', 'Chemical') :: ['Dabigatran', 'dabigatran']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity14534 :: ('MESH:C453962', 'Chemical') :: ['dabigatran etexilate']

entities_list: @entity3925 :: ('MESH:C503223', 'Chemical') :: ['Rivaroxaban']

answer: @entity3926 :: (MESH:C554682,Chemical) :: ['dabigatran']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Gradual telomere erosion eventually limits the replicative life span of somatic cells and is regarded as an ultimate @entity5 suppressor mechanism, eliminating cells that have accumulated genetic alterations. Telomerase, which has been found in over 85% of @entity1 @entity5 , elongates telomeres and may be required for tumorigenesis by the process of immortalisation. @entity3620 is an incurable @entity5 with a poor prognosis. The disease becomes symptomatic decades after exposure to @entity1355 fibres, suggesting the long term survival of pre-malignant cell clones. This study investigated the presence of telomerase in @entity3620 , which may be the target for future anti-telomerase drugs. METHODS: Telomerase activity was semiquantitatively measured in extracts from 22 primary @entity2615 , two @entity5 of the pleura, four @entity2615 cell lines, and six short term mesothelial cell cultures from normal pleura using a non-isotopic dilution assay of the telomeric repeat amplification protocol. RESULTS: Twenty of the 22 primary @entity2615 (91%) and all @entity5 derived @entity2615 cell lines were telomerase positive. Different levels of enzyme activity were observed in the @entity5 of different histological subtypes. Telomerase activity could not be detected in the six normal mesothelial cell cultures or in the two @entity2615 . Both @entity5 showed strong telomerase activity. CONCLUSIONS: Telomerase activity is found in a high proportion of @entity2615 and anti-telomerase drugs might therefore be useful clinically. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that telomerase activity may be a feature of @entity105 in @entity2615 and possibly in many other @entity5 .

title: Telomerase activity in XXXX @entity2615 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['benign solitary fibrous tumours', 'cancers', 'tumours', 'malignancy', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['pleural mesotheliomas', 'mesotheliomas', 'mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['Malignant mesothelioma', 'pleural malignant mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity1355 :: ('MESH:D001195', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenic asbestos']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity63 -reperfusion (I/R) causes remote organ injury (e.g., @entity99 ). Oxidation and @entity32 are crucial mechanisms. We investigated the effects of @entity71594 , a potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory drug, on alleviating @entity99 induced by limb I/R. METHODS: Twenty-four adult male @entity35 were randomized to receive sham operation (Sham), Sham plus @entity71594 , I/R, or I/R plus @entity71594 and designated as the Sham, Sham+Cep, I/R, or I/R+Cep group, respectively (n  =  6 in each group). I/R was induced by applying @entity2144 high around each hind limb for 3 hours followed by reperfusion for 24 hours. RESULTS: The plasma levels of @entity5906 aminotransferase (AST) and @entity3929 aminotransferase (ALT) of the Sham and Sham+Cep groups were low, and the levels of AST and ALT of the I/R group were significantly higher than those of the Sham group (both p<0.001). By contrast, the AST and ALT of the I/R+Cep group were significantly lower than those of the I/R group (both p<0.001). The hepatic levels of @entity842 (NO), @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ), @entity17104 ( @entity17104 ), @entity568 ( @entity568 ), and @entity4645 ( @entity4645 )/ @entity1421 (PGE2) of the Sham and Sham+Cep groups were also low. As expected, the NO, @entity1865 , @entity17104 , @entity568 , and @entity4645 /PGE2 of the I/R group were significantly higher than those of the Sham group (all p<0.001). By contrast, the NO, @entity1865 , @entity17104 , @entity568 , and @entity4645 /PGE2 of the I/R+Cep group were significantly lower than those of the I/R group (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity71594 alleviates @entity99 in a rodent model of limb I/R. The mechanisms may involve reducing oxidation and @entity32 .

title: @entity71594 alleviates @entity99 in a rodent model of XXXX -reperfusion.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Limb ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity71594 :: ('MESH:C006947', 'Chemical') :: ['cepharanthine', 'Cepharanthine']

entities_list: @entity2144 :: ('MESH:D020315', 'Disease') :: ['rubber band tourniquets']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injury']

entities_list: @entity17104 :: ('114105(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['macrophage inflammatory protein 2', 'MIP-2']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['limb ischemia']


abstract: Dissolution of @entity3835 urinary calculi was studied in vitro. Rate constants were calculated by measuring the concentration of @entity460 in solution during dissolution. Various irrigating agents, including @entity1098 ( @entity1098 ) and other @entity460 -chelating substances, were tested at different concentrations and pH values. @entity1098 was the most effective agent in dissolving @entity3835 calculi. When @entity1098 was used, the rate of dissolution depended on both concentration and pH. At a pH of 7.5 or 10.0, the rate of dissolution increased progressively with the @entity1098 concentration. At each concentration tested, dissolution was faster at a pH of 10.0 than at a pH of 7.5. Calculated rate constants were extrapolated to determine whether in vivo irrigation with @entity1098 solutions is clinically practical. Even at an @entity1098 concentration of 0.03 M at a pH of 7.5, a two mm. calculus could be dissolved within 48 hr. Although dissolution of @entity3835 calculi is not a practical first-line treatment, it might be a useful adjunct to percutaneous stone removal or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

title: Kinetics of dissolution of @entity3835 calculi with XXXX -chelating irrigating solutions.

entities_list: @entity1098 :: ('MESH:D004492', 'Chemical') :: ['EDTA', 'ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity3835 :: ('MESH:D002129', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium oxalate']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and @entity1218 both produce enhanced @entity3695 ( @entity3695 ) gene transcription and @entity3695 secretion in GH4 @entity35 pituitary @entity5 cell lines. These agents also activate @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ) in these cells. Previous studies have implicated the PKCepsilon isozyme in mediating @entity1218 -induced @entity3695 secretion. However, indirect studies using @entity4621 down-regulation to investigate the role of @entity7131 in EGF- and @entity1218 -induced @entity3695 gene transcription have been inconclusive. In the present study, we examined the role of multiple @entity7131 isozymes on EGF- and @entity1218 -induced activation of the @entity3695 promoter by utilizing general and selective @entity7131 inhibitors and by expression of genes for wild-type and kinase-negative forms of the @entity7131 isozymes. Multiple nonselective @entity7131 inhibitors, including @entity866 , @entity30825 I, and @entity11616 , inhibited both EGF and @entity1218 induced @entity35 @entity3695 promoter activity. @entity1218 effects were more sensitive to @entity11616 , a competitive inhibitor of @entity2366 , whereas @entity9295 , a selective inhibitor of @entity141 -dependent PKCs, produced a modest inhibition of EGF but no inhibition of @entity1218 effects. @entity12703 , a specific inhibitor of the novel nPKCdelta isozyme, significantly blocked both EGF and @entity1218 effects. Overexpression of genes encoding PKCs alpha, betaI, betaII, delta, gamma, and lambda failed to enhance either EGF or @entity1218 responses, whereas overexpression of nPKCeta enhanced the EGF response. Neither stable nor transient overexpression of nPKCepsilon produced enhancement of EGF- or @entity1218 -induced @entity3695 promoter activity, suggesting that different processes regulate @entity3695 transcription and hormone secretion. Expression of a kinase inactive nPKCdelta construct produced modest inhibition of EGF-mediated rPRL promoter activity. Taken together, these data provide evidence for a role of multiple @entity7131 isozymes in mediating both EGF and @entity1218 stimulated @entity3695 gene transcription. Both EGF and @entity1218 responses appear to require the novel isozyme, nPKCdelta, whereas nPKCeta may also be able to transmit the EGF response. Inhibitor data suggest that the EGF response may also involve @entity141 -dependent isozymes, whereas the @entity1218 response appears to be more dependent on @entity2366 .

title: Role of specific XXXX isozymes in mediating epidermal growth factor, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and @entity4621 regulation of the @entity35 @entity3695 promoter in GH4/ @entity35 pituitary cells.

entities_list: @entity2366 :: ('CHEBI:41847', 'Chemical') :: ['diacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity12703 :: ('MESH:C085746', 'Chemical') :: ['Rottlerin']

entities_list: @entity7131 :: ('MESH:D020151', 'Disease') :: ['protein kinase C', 'PKC']

entities_list: @entity4621 :: ('CHEBI:37532', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol ester']

entities_list: @entity866 :: ('MESH:D019311', 'Chemical') :: ['staurosporine']

entities_list: @entity30825 :: ('MESH:C088060', 'Chemical') :: ['bisindolylmaleimide']

entities_list: @entity11616 :: ('MESH:C058819', 'Chemical') :: ['Calphostin C']

answer: @entity7131 :: (MESH:D020151,Disease) :: ['protein kinase C']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present study investigated the role of microRNA (miR)  -138  -5p in regulating @entity189 migration and sensitivity to chemotherapy in @entity788 . Reverse transcription  -quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT  -qPCR) was used to assess the expression levels of miR  -138  -5p in @entity788 cell lines and @entity189 tissues from @entity1 @entity1 . A lentiviral vector, containing miR  -138  -5p mimics (lv  -miR  -138  -m) or miR  -138  -5p inhibitor (lv  -miR  -138  -i), was used to either upregulate or downregulate the expression levels of miR  -138  -5p in PANC  -1 cells, respectively. The effects of miR  -138  -3p regulation on @entity788 cell migration and sensitivity to chemotherapy were examined. The predicted targeting of miR  -138  -5p on @entity2277 ( @entity2277 ) was assessed by western blotting in PANC  -1 cells. @entity2277 was subsequently downregulated using small interfering (si)RNA to determine its effect on miR  -138  -5p  -modulated @entity788 cell development. The expression levels of miR  -138  -5p were downregulated in @entity788 cell lines and @entity189 tissues. In PANC  -1 cells, lentivirus-mediated upregulation of miR  -138  -5p inhibited @entity5 cell migration and increased cell chemosensitivity to @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ). By contrast, downregulation of miR  -138  -5p promoted @entity5 cell migration and decreased cell chemosensitivity to 5  -FU. A luciferase assay revealed that @entity2277 was a direct target of miR  -138  -5p. Western blotting demonstrated that @entity2277 was downregulated upon the upregulation of miR  -138  -5p in PANC  -1 cells. siRNA  -mediated downregulation of @entity2277 inhibited @entity788 cell migration in the control and miR  -138  -5p downregulated PANC  -1 cells. The present study demonstrated that miR  -138  -5p is important in regulating @entity788 development, possibly through targeting @entity2277 .

title: Upregulation of microRNA  -138  -5p inhibits XXXX cell migration and increases chemotherapy sensitivity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['primary carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of increasing inferior vena cava blood flow by means of distal @entity2548 on the patency of a peritoneal tube graft. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 16 mongrel @entity235 , a 3-4 cm long circular defect was created at the infrarenal inferior vena cava. The defect was interposed with peritoneal tube graft. A temporary distal femoro-femoral @entity2548 was also constructed in 8 @entity235 just after the caval interposition. Graft patency was evaluated by Doppler ultrasonography and angiography. Histological evaluation was also performed. RESULTS: Seven @entity235 in each group survived. All control grafts occluded within the first week, compared to no occlusions in @entity292 group (Fisher's exact test, p<0.005). However one ' @entity292 ' @entity235 with a still patent graft was sacrificed on the 18th day due to ultrasonographically occluded @entity2548 . CONCLUSION: In @entity235 , the peritoneum may be used as graft material for reconstruction of the inferior vena cava, provided a distal @entity2548 is constructed.

title: Reconstruction of the vena cava with the peritoneum: the effect of temporary distal XXXX on patency (an experimental study).

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous fistula']

answer: @entity2548 :: (MESH:D001164,Disease) :: ['arteriovenous fistula']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of @entity1340 , @entity3303 , and a combination of @entity1340 with @entity3303 in @entity158 relief using periprostatic nerve block technique by guidance of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) before the prostate biopsy (PBx). MATERIALS AND METHODS: For the indication of TRUS-PBx, the @entity1 with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level >4.0  ng/mL or abnormal digital examination findings were selected. The @entity1 were randomized through random method. Group 1: @entity1 were administered 5  mL of 2% @entity3303 ; group 2: @entity1 were administered 5  mL of 25-mg @entity1340 ; and group 3: @entity1 were administered 5  mL of 2% @entity3303  + 25-mg @entity1340 . The procedures were completed in 10  minutes, and a @entity227 scale was administered to the @entity1 to question the @entity158 severity. RESULTS: TRUS-guided PBx was performed in 60 @entity1 with an age range of 57-77  years (mean age, 66.2     7.49  years) and a PSA range of 1-1000  ng/mL. The mean PSA level of the groups was 28.5  (  7.5), 16.1 (  5.0), and 14.9 (  2.9) ng/mL, respectively. The postprocedural @entity158 scores by @entity227 scale were 4.6    1.2, 5.4    1.2, and 3.6    0.9 in @entity3303 , @entity1340 , and @entity3303  + @entity1340 groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: Periprostatic nerve block is the current golden standard method owing to @entity158 management and comfort provided, independent of the @entity1 age and the number of core biopsies. We suggest that @entity1340 may also be used in this field to achieve @entity158 management by improving @entity3303 's effect or as an alternative to @entity3303 .

title: Combination of XXXX and @entity3303 for @entity158 Control During Transrectal Ultrasound-guided Prostate Biopsy: A Randomized Double-blinded Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual pain']

entities_list: @entity1340 :: ('MESH:D014147', 'Chemical') :: ['tramadol']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['better pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity1340 :: (MESH:D014147,Chemical) :: ['Tramadol']


abstract: Most @entity5 rely on aerobic glycolysis to generate energy and metabolic intermediates. To maintain a high glycolytic rate, cells must efficiently export @entity880 through the proton-coupled @entity3338 transporters ( @entity72157 ). These transporters require a chaperone, @entity34403 (BSG) for trafficking to the plasma membrane and function.To validate the key role of these transporters in @entity2 , we first analysed the expression of @entity72157 and BSG in 50 @entity1149 (NSCLC) cases. These proteins were specifically upregulated in @entity5 tissues. We then disrupted BSG in three NSCLC cell lines (A549, H1975 and H292) via 'Zinc-Finger Nucleases'. The three homozygous BSG-/- cell lines displayed a low MCT activity (10- to 5-fold reduction, for @entity34742 and @entity71808 , respectively) compared to wild-type cells. Consequently, the rate of glycolysis, compared to the wild-type counterpart, was reduced by 2.0- to 3.5-fold, whereas the rate of respiration was stimulated in BSG-/- cell lines. Both wild-type and BSG-null cells were extremely sensitive to the mitochondria inhibitor @entity2449 / @entity18706 in normoxia. However, only BSG-null cells, independently of their @entity2448 status, remained sensitive to @entity37005 in @entity519 in vitro and @entity5 growth in @entity19 . Our results demonstrate that inhibiting glycolysis by targeting @entity880 export sensitizes NSCLC to @entity18706 .

title: Disruption of @entity34403 decreases @entity880 export and sensitizes @entity1149 to biguanides independently of the XXXX status.

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['metformin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity37005 :: ('MESH:D001645', 'Chemical') :: ['biguanides']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

entities_list: @entity3338 :: ('CHEBI:35757', 'Chemical') :: ['monocarboxylate']

entities_list: @entity18706 :: ('MESH:D010629', 'Chemical') :: ['phenformin']

answer: @entity2448 :: (20869(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['LKB1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathologic characteristics, immunophenotypes, pathologic diagnosis and differential diagnosis of @entity72891 ( @entity1127 ). METHODS: The clinical data, histologic features and immunohistochemical results of 6 cases of @entity72891 were analyzed, with review of literature. RESULTS: There were altogether 5 @entity1 and a @entity1 . The age of @entity1 ranged from 44 to 87 years (median age = 61 years and mean age = 62 years). The sites of involvement included stomach (number = 2), jejunum (number = 2), distal ileum (number = 1) and rectum (number = 1). The @entity1 often presented with @entity490 or discomfort and tarry stool. All the cases studied showed similar morphology, were submucosa-based and composed of bland spindle cells associated with loose collagenous stroma and perivascular @entity4 . Prominent concentric fibroblastic proliferation ("onion-skin" appearance) and eosinophilic infiltrate were characteristics. Three of the @entity1 underwent surgical resection. The remaining @entity1 had the lesions removed with endoscopy. Follow-up data were available in 5 @entity1 and none of them had disease recurrence or @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1127 is a rare @entity1820 . Correct diagnosis primarily relies on pathologic examination. It needs to be distinguished from @entity674 or @entity5 .

title: [Clinicopathologic features of XXXX in gastrointestinal tract].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['benign tumor of gastrointestinal tract']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity72891 :: ('MESH:C566774', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal inflammatory fibroid polyp']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumors']

answer: @entity1127 :: (MESH:D011127,Disease) :: ['inflammatory fibroid polyp']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Curative resection of @entity5 of the skull base is increasingly undertaken endoscopically. Hitherto the diverse histology, rarity and long natural history have made it difficult to accrue statistically robust cohorts for comparison with conventional craniofacial resection. It is now possible to make such a comparison in a large personal cohort. METHOD: Data on all cases of sinonasal malignancy undergoing endoscopic resection with curative intent over an eighteen year period were collected prospectively and analysed for survival and prognostic factors. RESULTS: There were 140 cases, 68 @entity1 and 72 @entity1 , aged 20-92 years (mean 63 yrs). Follow-up ranged from 6-184 months (mean 60 months). Eighteen different histopathologies were represented with @entity4236 (36), @entity320 (33) and @entity420 (19) being the commonest. Additional radiotherapy was given in 95 cases and chemotherapy in 49. Overall survival is 84% at 5 years and 69% at 10 years. Overall disease-free survival was 77% at 5 years and 56% at ten. Overall and disease-free survival at 5 (and 10) years is, respectively, 97% and 90% for @entity4236 , 79% and 68% for @entity420 and 56% and 39% for @entity320 . CONCLUSION: These results show that endoscopic resection is an alternative to conventional craniofacial resection in selected cases.

title: Endoscopic surgery for XXXX : an eighteen year experience.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumours']

entities_list: @entity4236 :: ('MESH:D018304', 'Disease') :: ['olfactory neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['malignant melanoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant sinonasal tumours']


abstract: Classical @entity978 ( @entity978 ) is characterized by rare neoplastic Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells within abundant reactive cellular backgrounds. In most cases, H-RS cells originate from the B-cell lineage, but their immunophenotypes are unusual. Here we newly found frequent expression of chemokine receptors @entity24101 and @entity23055 and their respective ligands @entity6332 and @entity17469 in @entity978 -derived cell lines. @entity23055 is known to be selectively expressed by plasma cells, whereas @entity17469 attracts eosinophils via @entity23427 and plasma cells via @entity23055 and @entity23427 . Therefore, we examined their expression in @entity978 tissues by immunohistochemistry. We found that H-RS cells in 15 of 19 cases were positive for @entity17469 . Among them, seven cases were also positive for @entity23055 , suggesting a potential autocrine effect. In situ hybridization confirmed the expression of @entity17469 mRNA in H-RS cells. The @entity17469 positivity in H-RS cells did not significantly correlate with that of @entity25062 , @entity14420 , @entity14421 , or @entity14700 . However, it significantly correlated with the background accumulation of eosinophils, plasma cells, and @entity23055 + cells. Thus, the production of @entity17469 by H-RS cells may play a major role in tissue accumulation of eosinophils and/or plasma cells in classical @entity978 . The frequent expression of @entity23055 in H-RS cells themselves also supports their close relationship to plasma cells.

title: Expression of @entity17469 by Reed-Sternberg cells defines a major subtype of classical XXXX with frequent infiltration of eosinophils and/or plasma cells.

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HD', "Hodgkin's disease"]

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine key features and define a strategy for differentiation between @entity808 and @entity3292 using sonography. METHODS: This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at our hospital, and informed consent was waived. We reviewed sonograms of pathologically proven @entity808 and @entity3292 of the extremities and body wall. On grayscale images, @entity5 were evaluated on the basis of their size, maximum-to-minimum diameter ratio, shape, contour, margin, location, encapsulation, echogenicity, echo texture, cystic changes, presence of intratumoral calcifications, presence of a target sign, and presence of an entering or exiting nerve. If an entering or exiting nerve was identified, the @entity5 transition were characterized. On color Doppler images, the presence and amount of vascularity were evaluated. Student t tests were used for analysis of continuous variables (size, maximum-to-minimum diameter ratio, and age);   (2) and Fisher exact tests were used for analysis of categorical variables. RESULTS: A total of 146 pathologically proven @entity5 , including 115 @entity808 and 31 @entity3292 of the extremities and body wall, were included. The maximum diameter, maximum-to-minimum diameter ratio, contour, @entity5 transition, and vascularity were significantly different in @entity808 versus @entity3292 (P < .05), and a lobulated contour, fusiform shape, and hypovascularity of @entity3292 could be helpful for differentiation when a prediction model is considered. The nerve- @entity5 position, nerve- @entity5 transition, and maximum-to-minimum diameter ratio were also significantly different between groups (P < .05) and thus could be useful for differentiation of @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Sonographic findings are helpful in differentiating between @entity808 and @entity3292 .

title: Sonographic Differentiation Between @entity808 and XXXX in the Musculoskeletal System.

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['schwannomas']

entities_list: @entity3292 :: ('MESH:D009455', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cystic portion, nerve-tumor position, nerve-tumor', 'tumor', 'nerve-tumor position and nerve-tumor', 'neurogenic tumors', 'tumors']

answer: @entity3292 :: (MESH:D009455,Disease) :: ['Neurofibromas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The study aim was to determine the association between @entity1 's objectively assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ) and independently mobile trips (IM) during out-of-school hours. METHODS: @entity1 aged 9 to 13 years (n = 254) were recruited from 9 schools in Auckland, New Zealand between 2011 and 2012. @entity1 completed travel diaries and wore accelerometers for 7 days. Parents provided demographic information. Geographic information systems-derived distance to school was calculated. Accelerometer data were extracted for out of school hours only. Percentage of time spent in MVPA (%MVPA), @entity3457 , and IM were calculated. Generalized estimating equations were used to determine the relationship between daily %MVPA and @entity3457 and between daily %MVPA and IM, accounting for age, sex, ethnicity, distance to school, day of the week, and numeric day of data collection. RESULTS: A significant positive relationship was observed between %MVPA and both @entity3457 and IM. For every unit increase in the daily percentage of trips made that were @entity3457 or IM, we found an average increase of 1.28% (95% CI 0.87%, 1.70%) and 1.15% (95% CI 0.71%, 1.59%) time in MVPA, respectively. CONCLUSION: @entity1 's @entity3457 and IM are associated with increased MVPA during out-of-school hours.

title: XXXX 's Out-of-School Independently Mobile Trips, Active Travel, and Physical Activity: A Cross-Sectional Examination from the Kids in the City Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['AT', 'active trips']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: Eighty-one @entity1 were treated for crotalid @entity5900 over the past 12 years at the Ben Taub General Hospital, Houston. Bites were inflicted by copperheads (56%), water moccasins (15%), and rattlesnakes (12%). In 17% of @entity1 the species of snake was not identified. Using a grading scale of one to four from minimal to severe @entity5900 , 54% were grade I, 29% grade II, 7% grade III, 6% grade IV, and 4% were not graded because the @entity1 were seen more than 12 hours after @entity5900 and not evaluated by other physicians. Five @entity1 received one dose (10 cc) of crotalid antivenin each before transfer to our Emergency Center. All @entity1 were treated with intravenous fluids, antibiotics, @entity116 prophylaxis, immobilization of the injured part, and elevation of the extremity to the level of the heart. No patients received antivenin or excisional therapy at this institution and one @entity2048 was performed. There were no deaths or amputations in this series. Eight @entity1 developed superficial @entity39 of the skin but only one required a skin graft. Three @entity1 developed @entity1503 and were treated with either platelet transfusions or fresh-frozen plasma. One @entity1 required @entity935 for @entity551 refractory to fluid resuscitation. This experience supports a conservative @entity5900 and raises the question about the need to utilize traditional therapy for snakebites caused by species seen in our locality.

title: The treatment of crotalid XXXX without antivenin.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2048 :: ('MESH:D004832', 'Disease') :: ['minor digital fasciotomy']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity5900 :: ('MESH:D012909', 'Disease') :: ['approach to venomous snakebites', 'envenomation']

answer: @entity5900 :: (MESH:D012909,Disease) :: ['envenomation']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to validate the prevalence of low @entity79 ( @entity79 ) in @entity1 @entity1 with @entity1635 and to relate that to surgical treatment outcome. Despite reports of the high prevalence of low @entity79 among female with adolescent idiopathic, these findings have not been substantiated in any comprehensive review of @entity1635 @entity1 undergoing surgical treatment. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: It has been suggested that @entity1635 may predispose to @entity170 and that degenerative @entity1635 could falsely elevate spinal @entity79 measurements with dual energy radiograph absorptiometry (DXA). The discordance between hip and spine @entity79 measurement using DXA has also been shown in previous cross-sectional study for adult population. METHODS: A retrospective review of 176 @entity1 treated surgically for @entity1635 . @entity79 of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were determined by DXA. @entity1 were categorized as follows: concordance ( @entity170 , @entity2331 , or normal @entity79 on both sites), minor discordance ( @entity170 in one site and @entity2331 in the other site), and major discordance ( @entity170 in one site and normal the other site). Body mass index (BMI), preoperative Cobb angle, fusion ratio, and complication were recorded. Statistical analysis included the Student t test,   (2) test, regression coefficient test, and simple linear regression. P value was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: The mean age was 51    12 years (26-82 years). The mean T score of the hip was -1.23    0.89 and of the spine was -0.52    1.57. Major discordance in @entity79 7 (4%) points, minor discordance 68 (39%) points, and concordance was 101 (57%) points. There was moderate correlation between T score of hip and spine (R = 0.55P < 0.01). T score of the hip and of the spine showed 10.8% and 10.2% of the @entity1 were @entity3604 . The mean Z score of the hip and of the spine showed comparable age and sex matched values. No correlation was observed between @entity79 and Cobb angle (R = 0.05, P = 0.464). The fusion rate was 93% and surgical complication rate was 14.9%. No significant correlation was observed between @entity79 and fusion (P = 0.80) complication (P = 0.13). CONCLUSION: Comparable bone density exists among @entity1635 @entity1 with no correlation between @entity79 and curve magnitude, fusion and complication rates. The difference in @entity79 of the hip and of spine cannot be fully explained in the review. These results will guide in surgical planning, @entity1 selection on the treatment options.

title: Characterization of @entity2331 / @entity170 in XXXX : does bone density affect surgical outcome?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis', 'adult scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

answer: @entity1635 :: (MESH:D012600,Disease) :: ['adult scoliosis']


abstract: In the early 1960's lymphography was received enthusiastically. Expectations were high that a very accurate diagnostic method for the detection of @entity3 had been found. This enthusiasm subsided after it became apparent that small lesions could not be discerned and that the images demonstrated were frequently nonspecific. Better correlation was achieved with advanced stages of @entity5 but because the presence of @entity3 was usually already known, it was questionable if the lymphogram contributed much to the management of the @entity1 . In recent years, after the examination was placed in its proper prospective, the value and status of lymphography in @entity1 with @entity5 were reassessed. The radiographic findings were divided into direct, or actual demonstration of metastastases, and indirect changes--those changes resulting from replacement of lymph nodes or blockage of the vessels by @entity3 . Lymphography proved particularly valuable in the diagnosis and staging of @entity1 with @entity5 arising from such organs as cervix, uterus, vulva, ovary, and from @entity5 arising from the prostate, testicles, and penis. It also proved valuable in the assessment of extension of disease in @entity320 of the extremities. The value of the positive lymphogram is easy to assess. However, when one encounters a "normal" lymphogram, one must realize that this does not exclude the presence of @entity3 ; it merely demonstrates that the the time of the study no lesions were recognized in visualized lymph nodes. Therefore, the negative lymphogram should not result in any modification of treatment which would have been prescribed under the same clinical circumstances if one did not have the lymphogram at hand.

title: Current status of lymphography in XXXX with @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic cancer', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'metastatic disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity2332 during vascular clamping protects the kidney from @entity63 -induced @entity393 . Traditionally, cooling is achieved by packing the kidney in ice, which lowers the temperature of the rest of the surgical field as well, and the method cannot be used during laparoscopy. We evaluated the utility of a newly developed ureteral access system for circulating ice-cold saline. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity12526 underwent retrograde endoscopic cooling through an access sheath without (N = 2) or with (N = 3) @entity432 , traditional ice-slush cooling with @entity432 (N = 3), or occlusion without @entity2332 (N = 3). Five days later, the @entity1707 were sacrificed and the kidneys and ureters examined histologically. RESULTS: Endoscopic cooling with @entity432 and ice-slush cooling both produced @entity8 . The former produced medullary and cortical temperatures of 21.3 degrees C and 27.3 degrees C, respectively, and the latter medullary and cortical temperatures of 28.8 degrees C and 23.7 degrees C, respectively. Histologically, there were minimal changes in the first three groups, whereas @entity450 , multifocal @entity32 , and periarteriolar @entity548 were seen after @entity432 without @entity2332 . CONCLUSION: Retrograde endoscopic @entity8 is effective and requires no novel equipment or special surgical skills. Clinical application has not yet been attempted.

title: XXXX achieved by retrograde intracavitary saline perfusion.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal hypothermia']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity12526 :: ('9825', 'Species') :: ['Domestic pigs']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['venous congestion']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['renal artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['nephron loss']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia', 'Hypothermia']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Renal hypothermia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to characterize variation in complication rates across hospitals with differing volumes for select high-risk operations in the United States. METHODS: Data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample for 1996 and 1997 were analyzed for 3 high-risk operations: esophagectomy (n=1,226), pancreatectomy (n=4,789), and intact @entity1028 repair (n=11,863). Complications evaluated included @entity1173 , @entity299 , @entity281 , @entity358 , @entity177 , @entity295 , and others. The risk of complications was calculated by hospital volume deciles, as well as for high-volume hospitals (HVH) and @entity258 ( @entity258 ) defined by median hospital volume. RESULTS: Rates of any @entity260 varied nearly 2-fold across hospital volume groups. The proportion of @entity1 across hospital deciles having at least one complication ranged from 30% to 51% for esophageal resection, 6% to 12% for pancreatic resection, and 9% to 18% for @entity1028 repair. HVH had lower rates of one or more complications after pancreatic resection (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.83; P=.002), esophageal resection (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.90; P=.008), and intact @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) repair (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.76; P<.001). @entity1 with one or more complications after pancreatic resection had a mortality of 18.8% versus only 5.2% for those without complications (P<.001). Esophageal resection mortality was 16.9% for @entity1 with at least one complication and 2.5% for those without complications (P<.001) and @entity1028 repair mortality was 10.4% for @entity1 with at least one complication and 2.9% for those without complications (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: High-risk operations have a decreased rate of @entity260 when performed at HVH. Variation in complication rates may contribute to the volume-outcome relationship and provide a focus for quality improvement at @entity258 .

title: Variation in XXXX rates after high-risk surgery in the United States.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicemia']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications', 'postoperative complication']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection, pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary failure']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac complications']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['LVH', 'low-volume hospitals']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['AAA', 'abdominal aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration']

answer: @entity260 :: (MESH:D011183,Disease) :: ['postoperative complication']


abstract: The recommended method to measure exhaled @entity842 (NO) cannot reveal the source of NO production. We applied a model based on the classical Fick's first law of diffusion to partition NO in the lungs. The aim was to develop a simple and robust solution algorithm with a data quality control feature, and apply it to @entity1 with known alterations in exhaled NO. Subjects with @entity2023 , @entity56 , @entity1030 and controls were investigated. NO was measured at three expiratory flow rates. An iteration method was developed to partition NO. The airway tissue content of NO was increased in @entity565 , 144 +/- 80 ppb (P = 0.04) and decreased in smokers, 56 +/- 36 ppb (P = 0.02). There was no difference between subjects with @entity2490 , 98 +/- 40 ppb and controls, 98 +/- 44 ppb. The airway transfer rate was increased in @entity56 and @entity2023 , 12 +/- 4 vs. 12 +/- 5 ml @entity8639 ), compared to controls, 8 +/- 2 ml @entity8639 (P < 0.001). The alveolar levels were no different from controls, 2 +/- 1 ppb. In @entity1030 the alveolar levels were increased, 4 +/- 2 ppb (P < 0.001). Extended NO analysis reveals from where in the respiratory system NO is generated. Hence, this new test can be added to the tools the physician has for the diagnosis and treatment of @entity1 with @entity1576 .

title: Extended NO analysis applied to XXXX with @entity1030 , @entity56 and @entity2023 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic asthma']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory disorders']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) smokers', 'COPD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIM: @entity810 ( @entity810 ) is a common complication in @entity2926 . The aim of this study is to investigate the association between RIFLE and AKIN classifications with mortality in @entity2926 -associated @entity810 . METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in @entity1 with @entity2926 admitted to tertiary hospitals in Brazil. The association between RIFLE and AKIN classifications with mortality was investigated. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to investigate risk factors for @entity204 . RESULTS: A total of 287 @entity1 were included, with an average age of 37    16 years, and 80.8% were male. Overall mortality was 13%. There was a significant association between these classifications and @entity204 . Among non-survivors, 86% were in the class 'failure' and AKIN 3. Increased mortality was observed according to the worse classifications: 'risk' (R; 2%), 'injury' (I; 8%) and 'failure' (F; 23%), as well as in AKIN 1 (2%), AKIN 2 (8%) and AKIN 3 (23%) (P < 0.0001). The worst classifications were significantly associated with @entity204 : RIFLE F (odds ratio = 11.6, P = 0.018) and AKIN 3 (odds ratio = 12.8, P = 0.013). Receiver-operator curve for @entity1 with @entity810 showed high areas under the curve (0.71, 95% confidence interval = 0.67-0.74) for both RIFLE and AKIN classifications in determining the sensitivity for mortality. CONCLUSION: There is a significant association between RIFLE and AKIN classifications with mortality in @entity1 with @entity2926 . Initiation of dialysis in @entity1 with RIFLE F and AKIN 3 should always be considered.

title: RIFLE and @entity810 Network classifications predict mortality in XXXX -associated @entity810 .

entities_list: @entity2926 :: ('MESH:D007922', 'Disease') :: ['leptospirosis']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['AKI', 'Acute kidney injury']

answer: @entity2926 :: (MESH:D007922,Disease) :: ['leptospirosis']


abstract: In order to correctly predict the malignant degree of @entity13 , three data mining algorithms: multi-layer perceptron network( @entity14339 ), decision tree, and rule induction are adopted to acquire diagnostic knowledge from @entity1 with @entity13 cases. Totally 280 cases are collected, and some of them contain missing values. Preprocessing is taken to make them applicable to all three algorithms. Performance comparisons are carried out with a 10-fold cross validation test. Although the result of @entity14339 is hard to be understood and cannot be applied directly, its reliability and accuracy are the highest when only a few hidden nodes are involved. Unlike @entity14339 , both decision tree and rule induction use attribute-value pairs to represent diagnostic knowledge derived from treated cases. These could improve both the understandability and applicability of their results. When compared with rule induction, the inherent restriction in structure makes decision tree more efficient in decision-making but meanwhile hurts its simplicity, accuracy, and reliability. For testing samples, results of all these algorithms can achieve accuracy rate over 80%, which satisfies the basic requirement of neuroradiologists. If diagnostic accuracy rate is the main factor to be considered, @entity14339 with only a few hidden nodes is the best. If the result is expected to be further checked or evaluated, rule induction will be the best algorithm. This work proves that data mining techniques can be used to obtain valid diagnostic knowledge from @entity13 cases and make computer aided diagnosis system in this field feasible.

title: [Data mining in diagnostic knowledge acquisition from @entity1 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity13 :: ('MESH:C564230', 'Disease') :: ['brain glioma']

answer: @entity13 :: (MESH:C564230,Disease) :: ['brain glioma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe mesial temporal lobe ablated volumes, verbal memory, and surgical outcomes in @entity1 with medically intractable mesial @entity1315 (mTLE) treated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided stereotactic laser interstitial thermal therapy (LiTT). METHODS: We prospectively tracked @entity410 outcome in 20 @entity1 at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital with drug-resistant mTLE who underwent MRI-guided LiTT from December 2011 to December 2014. Surgical outcome was assessed at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and at the most recent visit. Volume-based analysis of ablated mesial temporal structures was conducted in 17 @entity1 with @entity3877 ( @entity3877 ) and results were compared between the @entity410 -free and not @entity410 -free groups. RESULTS: Following LiTT, proportions of @entity1 who were free of @entity410 impairing @entity1662 (including those with auras only) are as follows: 8 of 15 @entity1 (53%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 30.1-75.2%) after 6 months, 4 of 11 @entity1 (36.4%, 95% CI 14.9-64.8%) after 1 year, 3 of 5 @entity1 (60%, 95% CI 22.9-88.4%) at 2-year follow-up. Median follow-up was 13.4 months after LiTT (range 1.3 months to 3.2 years). @entity410 outcome after LiTT suggests an all or none response. Four @entity1 had anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) after LiTT; three are @entity410 -free. There were no differences in total ablated volume of the amygdalohippocampus complex or individual volumes of hippocampus, amygdala, entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, and fusiform gyrus between @entity410 -free and non- @entity410 -free @entity1 . Contextual verbal memory performance was preserved after LiTT, although decline in noncontextual memory task scores were noted. SIGNIFICANCE: We conclude that MRI-guided stereotactic LiTT is a safe alternative to ATL in @entity1 with medically intractable mTLE. Individualized assessment is warranted to determine whether the reduced odds of @entity410 freedom are worth the reduction in risk, discomfort, and recovery time. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm our preliminary findings, and to define optimal ablation volume and ideal structures for ablation.

title: Laser interstitial thermal therapy for medically intractable mesial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3877 :: ('MESH:C566903', 'Disease') :: ['MTS', 'mesial temporal sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'Seizure']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['consciousness']

answer: @entity1315 :: (MESH:D004833,Disease) :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Infertility is defined as the failure to conceive after 1 year of regular unprotected intercourse. It affects 10% to 15% of couples. Sonohysterography (SHG) is an accurate method for the assessment of fallopian tube patency, reflected in its high positive predictive value compared with hysterosalpingography (HSG) and laparoscopy with chromopertubation. In this study, our goal was to determine the diagnostic value of SHG for the diagnosis of bilateral @entity5274 by comparison of SHG with HSG and laparoscopic results. METHODS: This study was based on the evaluation of tubal patency by SHG and by the combination of HSG and laparoscopy in 40 @entity1 . All @entity1 underwent HSG as a routine @entity249 workup, and all @entity1 with bilateral proximal @entity5274 diagnosed by HSG subsequently underwent SHG. RESULTS: Among 1024 infertile @entity1 referred to an @entity249 clinic, 117 (11.4%) had a diagnosis of a tubal factor as the cause of their @entity249 . Forty-two @entity1 with HSG findings of bilateral proximal @entity5274 were enrolled. Forty @entity1 underwent SHG. In 32 @entity1 (80%), at least 1 fallopian tube was patent, and 8 @entity1 (20%) were reported to have bilateral @entity5274 . Those 8 @entity1 with SHG evidence of bilateral @entity5274 underwent laparoscopy. Eventually, 6 of those were laparoscopically confirmed to have bilateral @entity5274 . CONCLUSIONS: Sonohysterography is an accurate method for the determination of fallopian tube patency. It is a simple, safe, and well-tolerated technique with a low risk of adverse effects and severe complications.

title: Diagnostic value of sonohysterography in the determination of fallopian tube patency as an initial step of routine XXXX assessment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['tubal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

answer: @entity249 :: (MESH:D007246,Disease) :: ['infertility']


abstract: A 54-year-old @entity1 was admitted for mitral valvular repair. After folding plasty to A3, a 30 mm Cosgrove-Edwards ring was placed. There was no @entity339 jet observed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) during the operation. However, @entity101 was monitored and treated in the intensive care unit, @entity5714 developed, and the serum @entity880 dehydrogenase level was elevated. Two weeks after the operation, serum @entity880 dehydrogenase was again elevated. TEE showed mild @entity339 and the regurgitation jet colliding with the annuloplasty ring. Multiple transfusions of red blood cells were required. Repeat surgery was therefore undertaken. @entity66839 and associates previously studying @entity1 on @entity2142 after mitral valvular repair noted high grade @entity339 jets fragmented or accelerated. In the present case, @entity339 was mild, but the high velocity and manner of regurgitation (collision with the annuloplasty ring) could cause @entity5714 . In the present case, @entity101 might have caused chordae @entity397 . Furthermore, a flexible ring, such as the Cosgrove-Edwards ring, is likely to cause @entity5714 . As contributing factors to @entity2142 after mitral valvular repair, perioperative blood pressure management and type of ring are significant.

title: [A Case of Mitral Valvular Re-repair in a @entity1 with XXXX after Mitral Valvular Repair].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['high blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity5714 :: ('MESH:D000743', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic anemia']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

answer: @entity5714 :: (MESH:D000743,Disease) :: ['Hemolytic Anemia']


abstract: Expression-profiling studies have helped define genetic changes associated with @entity105 . Determining which alterations in gene expression are causally associated with @entity5 and which result from the general dysregulation in gene expression that is characteristic of @entity5 remains a problem. Transcriptional profiling of @entity75 (small @entity5 or precancers) holds promise for identifying biologically important changes in gene expression. There are, however, technical barriers to the study of small @entity5 . The total number of cells available for analysis is limiting. It is also often difficult to distinguish @entity5 cells from normal proliferating cells in frozen sections that are typically used as a source of RNA. Here we describe an @entity1068 fixation and @entity982 -embedding protocol that preserves tissue architecture and cellular morphology of the @entity19 endometrium, and allows for the recovery of high-quality RNA from microdissected cells. We performed GeneChip expression profiling using RNA from 800 to 4400 cells microdissected from @entity1068 -fixed, @entity982 -embedded uteri. Endometrial adenocarcinomas exhibited changes in the levels of a number of messages known to be abnormally expressed in @entity5 , and differential expression of additional transcripts not previously implicated in @entity105 . We confirmed increased @entity55309 expression in RNAs from @entity19 @entity1204 that were hybridized to GeneChips and validated overexpression of this transcript in additional @entity5 .

title: Expression profiling of XXXX @entity1204 microdissected from @entity1068 -fixed, @entity982 -embedded tissues.

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['early lesions']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: The safety of concomitant use of angiotensin-converting enzyme ( @entity1289 ) inhibitors and @entity972 -sparing diuretics (PSD) in severe @entity712 remains a controversial issue. The database of the recently reported double-blind international trial, " @entity18293 in Severe @entity712 ," was investigated to elucidate this question. Of 516 @entity1 with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III-IV, despite diuretics and @entity1289 inhibitor therapy, 352 were randomized to @entity18293 , a beta 1 partial agonist, and 164 were randomized to placebo. During the 13-week study, 28% of all @entity1 ( @entity18293 , 104; placebo, 42) received @entity972 -sparing diuretics. All groups were comparable in hemodynamics and dose of other diuretics. At study end, @entity1 with or without PSD showed no significant differences in serum K+ or @entity1011 , independent of @entity18293 or placebo therapy. Mortality rate was consistently lower: 4.6% in @entity1 with PSD and 8.5% in @entity1 without PSD, although statistical significance was not reached. As compared with baseline, K+ values of 6 @entity1 with and 17 @entity1 without PSD had increased by > 5.0 mM at study end (p = NS); 1 @entity1 with and 11 @entity1 without PSD had a @entity1011 level > 180 microM (p = NS). For 3 @entity1 receiving PSD, and 2 @entity1 not receiving PSD because of @entity8 , study was discontinued because of @entity4144 . No significant differences were noted in long and short action or different dosages of @entity1289 inhibitors. PSD may be administered concomitantly with @entity1289 inhibitors, but serum K+ should be monitored as with other diuretics.

title: Safety of concomitant @entity972 -sparing diuretics in angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy in severe @entity712 . @entity18293 in Severe XXXX Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Heart Failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity18293 :: ('MESH:D017307', 'Chemical') :: ['xamoterol', 'Xamoterol']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity4144 :: ('MESH:D006947', 'Disease') :: ['hyperpotassemia']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Heart Failure']


abstract: In the present study, we examined the antiatherosclerotic effects of 3 edible mushrooms, Pleurotus eryngii (Eringi), Grifola frondosa (Maitake), and Hypsizygus marmoreus (Bunashimeji), in @entity731 -susceptible C57BL/6J, @entity6970 -deficient ( @entity6970 (-/-)) @entity19 . Male @entity6970 (-/-) @entity19 (6 weeks of age) were fed a normal diet ( @entity165 concentration <66 mg/100 g) or a normal diet containing 3% dried Eringi, Maitake, or Bunashimeji mushroom powder for 10 weeks. Food intake, body weight, serum total @entity165 (TC), and serum @entity1674 (TG) were measured periodically during the experimental period. At the end of the experiment (at 16 weeks of age), the @entity731 area was measured in cross-sections of the aortic root. Serum TC concentrations in the Bunashimeji group were significantly lower than that in the control group at 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 weeks of age. Serum TC concentrations in the Eringi, and Maitake groups were significantly lower than that in the control group only at 12 weeks of age. There was no significant difference in the serum TG concentrations in all groups during the experimental period. The @entity731 were significantly decreased in the Eringi, Maitake, and Bunashimeji groups than that in the control group at the end of the experiment. Dietary supplementation with the Bunashimeji mushroom powder had the strongest antiatherosclerotic effect among 3 mushrooms. In conclusion, supplementation of the 3 edible mushrooms prevents the development of @entity731 , even normal diet. Antiatherosclerotic effect is partly via lowering of serum TC concentrations; further mechanisms should be investigated.

title: Antiatherosclerotic effect of the edible mushrooms Pleurotus eryngii (Eringi), Grifola frondosa (Maitake), and Hypsizygus marmoreus (Bunashimeji) in @entity6970 -deficient XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triacylglycerols']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic lesion', 'atherosclerotic lesions']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: We have retrospectively investigated clinical profile, efficacy, and safety in 41 @entity1 who were treated with liposomal @entity2379 ( @entity19095 ) in Aichi Medical University Hospital between January 2008 and June 2009. It turned out that @entity19095 was used for severe @entity166 and 31.7% cases discontinued @entity19095 therapy because of @entity204 . @entity19095 was administered as the second-line therapy in 56.1% (23/41), and was not effective in 48.8% (20/41). @entity19095 was administered as the first-line therapy in 43.9% (18/41); (1) 1 for @entity281 , (2) 7 for severe @entity295 or @entity326 , (3) 2 for the case which cannot remove medical device and might have biofilm formation, (4) 6 for the induction of step-down therapy concept, (5) 2 for febrile @entity1398 @entity1 who have needed aggressive empiric therapy. There was no significant difference in serum @entity972 level (p = 0.10) and serum @entity1011 level (p = 0.05) between pretreatment and posttreatment with @entity19095 . The serum @entity1011 level before initial treatment with @entity19095 was 1.31 +/- 1.30 mg/dL. The @entity1 for 7.3% (3 cases) had dialyzed before initial treatment with @entity19095 , however, there was no case who need dialysis after administration of @entity19095 . As for the highest @entity1011 level in @entity19095 administered cases, 29.3% (12/41) and 24.4% (10/41) were normal to abnormal, and abnormal to abnormal, respectively. This is the first investigational report when the serum @entity1011 level before initial administration of @entity11930 had been abnormal. The other antimicrobial agents, which might have influenced renal function, were administered to 51.2% cases (21/41). That means the cases administered @entity19095 might have other @entity2348 . As for the serum @entity1011 level, we observed the changing cases and the cases which did not cause the change at all regardless of the administering period of @entity11930 . The serum @entity972 level before initial administration of @entity19095 was 4.1 +/- 0.8 mEq/L, concomitant use of @entity1483 etc. was 31.7% (13/41), the lowest serum @entity972 level was 3.4 +/- 0.9 (1.9-6.2)mEq/L in during using @entity19095 , the serum @entity972 was 34.1% (14/41) in replenish @entity972 during administration of @entity19095 , and the total replenished @entity972 was 131.25 mEq. We did not observe the case who had died because of the low @entity972 . Since @entity19095 was the only fungicidal drug, when we use @entity19095 for the serious @entity166 to make the best use of the characteristic, we have to pay attention to the concomitant medication, renal function and the serum @entity972 level.

title: [Retrospective investigation on the cases treated with liposomal XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['furosemide']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['cryptotoccal infection']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

answer: @entity2379 :: (MESH:D000666,Chemical) :: ['amphotericin B']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Success in reaching target populations is an important factor in determining the impact of public health programmes. The @entity9462 Health Check (NHSHC) Programme is directed towards reducing excess cardiovascular mortality in England. As the programme is locally commissioned, local monitoring of programme reach is essential. This study aimed to assess indicators of programme reach available to local service commissioners. STUDY DESIGN: Ecological. METHODS: The programme reach of NHSHC was assessed in three health districts in the North East of England. Local data returned from GP practices to commissioners on their NHSHC activities was collated for the period October 2010 to March 2013 together with related national published data. Three candidate indicators were chosen and the association between each of these and NHSHCs at GP practice level was examined by univariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Data were available from 101  GP practices, together undertaking almost 20,000 health checks a year. Number of NHSHCs by practices explained most (77-92%) of the variance the numbers identified at high risk of @entity65 (two for every ten NHSHCs). NHSHCs were not associated with growth in GP practice disease registers for either @entity6 or @entity101 . NHSCHs predicted practices identification of new cases of @entity101 (with one case identified for every ten checks), albeit the proportion of variation explained was much more variable (2-60%) less consistent effect. CONCLUSIONS: Data routinely available to NHSHC commissioners can support monitoring programme reach, with numbers of new cases of @entity101 being the most promising indicator of reach.

title: Assessing potential local routine monitoring indicators of reach for the XXXX health checks programme.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity9462 :: (MESH:C538336,Disease) :: ['NHS']