abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study compared adherence to follow-up and clinical outcomes between standard in-clinic and remote follow-up after @entity1499 / @entity396 abortion. STUDY DESIGN: This nonrandomized trial recruited @entity1 requesting medical abortion at two sexual health clinics in Toronto, Canada. @entity1 received @entity1499 50 mg/m(2) followed 3-7 days later by 800 mcg of @entity396 self-administered vaginally. For Day 15, follow-up @entity1 could choose standard in-clinic follow-up with ultrasound and assessment or remote telephone follow-up with serum b-hCG performed at a community laboratory and symptom checklist. Standard and remote follow-up groups were compared for adherence, defined as completing follow-up within 7 days of the scheduled time, and clinical outcomes. Characteristics associated with adherence were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: Of 129 @entity1 , 86 (67%) chose remote follow-up. Nonadherence rates for remote (28%) and standard (23%) follow-up groups did not differ in univariate (p=.57) or multivariable analysis (odds ratio: 1.09, 95% confidence interval: 0.39-3.01). Rates of emergency/hospital visits were 3% and 9% for remote and standard groups, respectively (p=.22), and complete loss to follow was 6% and 14% in remote and standard groups (p=.18). Nonadherent @entity1 were more likely to be undecided about their contraception (65% vs. 28%; p=.002), and this difference persisted in the multivariable analysis. CONCLUSION: Given a choice of remote or in-clinic follow-up after @entity1499 / @entity396 abortion, most @entity1 chose remote follow-up. Rates of adherence to follow-up, adverse outcomes and complete loss to follow-up were similar for @entity1 choosing remote and standard follow-up. IMPLICATIONS STATEMENT: Since standard and remote follow-up after @entity1499 / @entity396 abortion are associated with similar adherence to follow-up and similar safety profiles, @entity1 should be offered their choice of follow-up method.

title: Comparison of remote and in-clinic follow-up after @entity1499 / XXXX abortion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity396 :: ('MESH:D016595', 'Chemical') :: ['misoprostol']

answer: @entity396 :: (MESH:D016595,Chemical) :: ['misoprostol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To overcome current limitations of Tissue Engineering (TE) strategies, deeper comprehension on meniscus biology is required. This study aims to combine biomechanical segmental analysis of fresh @entity1 meniscus tissues and its correlation with architectural and cellular characterization. METHOD: Morphologically intact menisci, from 44 live donors were studied after division into three radial segments. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was performed at physiological-like conditions. Micro-computed tomography (CT) analysis of freeze-dried samples assessed micro-structure. Flow cytometry, histology and histomorphometry were used for cellular study and quantification. RESULTS: Anterior segments present significantly higher damping properties. Mid body fresh medial meniscus presents higher values of E' compared to lateral. Cyclic loads influence the viscoelastic behavior of menisci. By increasing the frequency leads to an increase in stiffness. Conversely, with increasing frequencies, the capacity to dissipate energy and damping properties initially decrease and then rise again. Age and gender directly correlate with higher E' and tan   . Micro-CT analysis revealed that mean porosity was 55.5 (21.2-89.8)% and 64.7 (47.7-81.8)% for freeze-dried lateral and medial meniscus, respectively. Predominant cells are positive for @entity1759 , @entity12359 , @entity5399 and CD105, and lack @entity2279 , @entity2280 and @entity1195 (present in smaller populations). Histomorphometry revealed that cellularity decreases from vascular zone 1 to zone 3. Anterior segments of lateral and medial meniscus have inferior cellularity as compared to mid body and posterior ones. CONCLUSION: Menisci are not uniform structures. Anterior segments have lower cellularity and higher damping. Cyclic loads influence viscoelastic characteristics. Future TE therapies should consider segmental architecture, cellularity and biomechanics of fresh tissue.

title: Biomechanical and cellular segmental characterization of XXXX meniscus: building the basis for Tissue Engineering therapies.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: An 11-year-old @entity1 manifested with @entity3917 , @entity1736 , external @entity4610 , @entity2421 , @entity425 , @entity427 , and generalized @entity410 (six months). Her elder sister had had uncontrolled @entity410 and @entity3917 and died at seven years of age. In the patient, serum @entity880 was high (55 mg/dl). Muscle biopsy revealed characteristic ragged red and ragged blue fibers, diagnostic of @entity12295 . Sequencing of the complete mitochondrial genome of the DNA obtained from the muscle biopsy of the @entity1 did not show any characteristic mutation. Four months later, the @entity1 was admitted with a one-week history of @entity10895 partialis @entity10895 (EPC). EEG revealed Periodic Lateralized Epileptiform Discharges (PLEDs), once in 2-4 seconds, over the right temporo-occipital leads. MRI revealed signal change of right motor cortex, which had restricted diffusion. MR spectroscopy (MRS) from this region revealed lactate peak. EPC remained refractory to multiple anti- @entity302 drugs, immuno-modulators, coenzyme-Q, and @entity6211 . This thought provoking report expands the spectrum of mitochondrial cytopathies.

title: @entity10895 XXXX in mitochondrial dysfunction: Interesting phenotypic and MRI observations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity6211 :: ('MESH:D002331', 'Chemical') :: ['carnitine']

entities_list: @entity10895 :: ('MESH:D017036', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsia', 'continua']

entities_list: @entity12295 :: ('MESH:D007625', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial cytopathy']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness of proximal limb muscles']

entities_list: @entity4610 :: ('MESH:D009886', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmoplegia']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonia']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic']

entities_list: @entity3917 :: ('MESH:D020795', 'Disease') :: ['photophobia']

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['hyporeflexia']

answer: @entity10895 :: (MESH:D017036,Disease) :: ['continua']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of @entity136 ( @entity14113 ) on microRNA-218 (miR-218) expression in @entity1 @entity788 cells. METHODS: Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to examine the differences in miR-218 expression between the @entity14113 -sensitive BxPC-3 @entity788 cells and @entity14113 -resistant PANC-1 cells. The effect of @entity14113 on the expression of miR-218 in PANC-1 cells was also investigated. PANC-1 cells were transfected either with @entity518 siRNA to knock down the expression of @entity518 or with the recombinant @entity518 expression vector (pcDNA3.1- @entity518 ) to overexpress @entity518 . The effect of ectopic expression of @entity518 on the apoptosis of miR-218-transfected and @entity14113 -treated PANC-1 cells was examined by flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS: The miR-218 expression level was lower in @entity14113 -resistant PANC-1 cells compared to @entity14113 -sensitive BxPC-3 cells (P<0.05). The percentage of apoptotic PANC-1 cells was significantly increased in the miR-218 mimic + @entity14113 group compared to the mimic ctrl + @entity14113 group and the normal control group (P<0.01). The @entity518 expression level was markedly decreased in PANC-1 cells transfected with @entity518 siRNA but was significantly increased in PANC-1 cells transfected with the recombinant @entity518 expression vector, pcDNA3.1- @entity518 (P<0.01). The proportion of apoptotic PANC-1 cells was significantly lower in the miR-218 mimic + @entity14113 + pcDNA3.1- @entity518 group compared to the miR-218 mimic + @entity14113 + @entity518 siRNA group (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The expression level of miR-218 was downregulated in the @entity14113 -resistant cell line. miR-218 promoted the sensitivity of PANC-1 cells to @entity14113 , which was achieved mainly through regulating the expression of @entity518 in PANC-1 cells.

title: microRNA-218 promotes @entity136 sensitivity in @entity1 XXXX cells by regulating @entity518 expression.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: Alterations in plasma lipoprotein lipid and apoprotein accompanying the @entity407 of @entity35 bearing @entity7283 7288C were characterized. In @entity5 -bearing animals all plasma lipid classes except @entity14839 (CE) were elevated, particularly free @entity165 (FC) and @entity412 (TG), which increased by 57 and 63%, respectively. Fasting only partially reduced the @entity5 -induced @entity407 and had no effect on the ratios of FC/CE and TG/CE. Analysis of plasma lipoproteins revealed an elevation of VLDL, IDL, and LDL in host @entity35 , with more than a 2-fold increase in both lipid and protein of VLDL. In contrast, the three high density fractions, @entity17120 , HDL3, and d greater than 1.21 g/ml, were reduced. The inverse changes in concentration of host lipoproteins of lower versus higher density indicate a defective catabolism of TG-rich lipoprotein. This possibility is supported by the analysis of apolipoprotein. The percentage of total apoprotein contributed by apo C-I and C-II was reduced in all host fractions except @entity17120 , while the C-IIIs remained unchanged except for a small decrease in C-III-3 of host VLDL and a slight increase in the combined C-IIIs of @entity17120 . These changes were reflected in the decreased C-I+C-II/C-III ratios of all host lipoprotein fractions. @entity12217 levels remained similar to control values except for a significant decrease in @entity17120 . Host VLDL showed increased @entity12216 and A-I content, while A-IV was decreased in @entity17120 . Changes in apo B profiles were also observed.

title: Characterization of alterations in plasma lipoprotein lipid and apoprotein profiles accompanying hepatoma-induced XXXX in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity14839 :: ('CHEBI:17002', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol ester']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity7283 :: ('MESH:D008114', 'Disease') :: ['Morris hepatoma']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity407 :: (MESH:D006949,Disease) :: ['hyperlipidemia']


abstract: In 38 conscious @entity35 divided into seven groups, acute unilateral @entity177 was induced by 1 hour of @entity432 while the contralateral kidney remained intact. @entity8 was monitored up to 144 hours after @entity63 and revealed a typical course of @entity177 with oligoanuria persisting for more than 48 hours. Urinary osmolality and @entity1372 concentration became plasma isotonic after release of @entity432 and approximated control values on day 6 after @entity63 . In nine @entity35 , the i.v. infusion of @entity1483 before (6 microgram/min/100 g body wt) and after (12 microgram/min/100 g body wt) @entity432 protected the @entity63 kidney from oligoanuria with endogenous @entity1011 clearance of 0.42 +/- 0.11 ml/min/g kidney wt 5 hours after @entity63 . Tubular absorption of @entity1372 and water was at least partially preserved 36 hours after @entity63 when infusion of @entity1483 was stopped. The loop diuretic significantly (P less than 0.01) increased total urinary @entity3009 (PG) E2 excretion before and after @entity432 ; and 5 hours after @entity63 , @entity1421 excretion from the @entity63 kidney significantly exceeded that from the intact kidney (P less than 0.05). @entity3352 (1 mg/100 g body wt) administered in six animals markedly suppressed control @entity1421 excretion (P less than 0.05) as well as the @entity1483 -induced rise in urinary PG excretion before and after @entity63 but did not modify the protective effect of the diuretic in this experimental model. Inhibition of PG synthesis, however, reduced urinary flow rate and @entity1372 and @entity972 excretion of the contralateral intact kidney and almost completely prevented its compensatory rise in @entity1011 clearance. The results indicate that mechanisms other than the intrarenal prostaglandin system must be considered to mediate the protective effects of @entity1483 in acute @entity177 .

title: @entity3009 -independent protection by @entity1483 from oliguric @entity177 in conscious XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal excretory function of the left kidney']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['furosemide']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['oliguric renal failure', 'ischemic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['renal artery occlusion', 'complete occlusion of the left renal artery']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['Indomethacin']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Thirty-eight @entity1 with Stage B2, C1 or C2 @entity694 (Astler-Coller Modification of Dukes) received 3000 rads whole abdominal radiation and concomitant intermittent bolus @entity1487 as part of a phase I-II adjuvant trial. @entity1 whose @entity5 penetrated the serosa (B2 or C2) in addition received a 1600 rad boost to the @entity5 bed. @entity1487 was administered only during radiation. It was given at a dose of 300 mg/m2 days 1-5 and 28-32 in 21 @entity1 (Group A) and day 1-3 and 28-31 in 17 @entity1 (Group B). Median follow-up time for Group A is 44 months. Group A @entity1 have a disease-free survival of 66% and overall survival of 73% at 44 months. The 16 C2 @entity1 in Group A have a disease-free survival of 54% and overall survival of 65% at 44 months. There was a 26% incidence of moderate to severe acute @entity137 in Group A but no long term bowel, liver, or hematologic @entity137 . One @entity1 developed @entity3052 2 years after treatment. Group B @entity1 had only a 6% incidence of moderate to severe @entity137 , but had a disease-free survival of 60% and overall survival of 100% at median follow-up of 23 months. Group B Stage C2 @entity1 had a disease-free survival of 53% and overall survival of 100% at this same follow-up period. Disease-free and overall survival in Group A Stage C2 @entity1 is superior to that in several published trials. Given the manageable @entity137 , adjuvant whole abdominal radiation with concomitant @entity1487 and @entity5 bed boost should be tested in a randomized fashion for possible therapeutic benefits.

title: Phase I-II pilot of whole abdominal radiation and concomitant XXXX as an adjuvant in @entity694 : a Southwest Oncology Group Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myelogenous leukemia']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-FU']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Childhood @entity458 (CSA) survivors deal with complex mental, physical and relationship problems in adulthood which negatively affects their well-being and health. The aim of the present paper was to present a description of the Wellness-Program for female CSA survivors, the participating @entity1 's evaluation of the different therapies in the program as well as a qualitative study on their experience of the program's effects on their life, health and well-being. METHOD: The Wellness-Program lasted for 10  weeks with organised schedule 20  hours per week. A team of health professionals used a holistic approach and provided traditional and complementary individual and group therapy focusing on both mind and body. In-depth phenomenological interviews with ten @entity1 , 22-53  years old, were conducted 1  week before and 1  week after the program as well as 15  months later. Data collection and data analysis were guided by the Vancouver School of doing phenomenology. RESULTS: Prior to participating in the program, the @entity1 were unable to work or attend school, were on disability allowance, were socially isolated and had complex health problems. After the Wellness-Program, all the @entity1 , except one, were back to work, school or in further rehabilitation. Furthermore, the in-depth interviews showed that their health and well-being, personal life and relationship with partners, family and friends improved. They felt empowered, more in control and had developed increased trust towards others. Six themes were constructed from the in-depth interviews. They were: feeling totally lost, releasing experiences, developing trusting relationships, gaining control, experiencing positive changes in physical and mental health and, finally, feeling of empowerment. The overriding theme of the study was personal resurrection. CONCLUSIONS: The Wellness-Program contributed considerably to improved health and well-being of the @entity1 . However, further assessment of the program is recommended before making it available within the healthcare system.

title: Personal resurrection: female childhood XXXX ' experience of the Wellness-Program.

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual abuse']

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['sexual abuse survivors']


abstract: @entity4617 , benign or malignant, are rare and most are benign. The most common @entity5 is the @entity299 . @entity4617 are @entity242 . The pericardium can be the site of benign and malignant @entity4617 , though @entity3 occur here far more commonly than do @entity5 . Successful treatment for @entity4617 is usually achieved by surgical resection. Surgery for primary @entity5 is, however, much less successful as complete resection is usually not possible. Primary @entity299 may be successfully treated by chemotherapy. Tumors that metastasize to the heart from other organs occur 100- to 1000-fold more commonly than primary @entity4617 . Metastatic spread to the heart has been identified in approximately one-fifth of all @entity1 who have @entity5 with @entity2 being the most common @entity5 . Symptoms of cardiac @entity3 vary, and they depend on the site and extent of the lesions. Treatment varies depending on the pathology of the @entity5 . However, the aim of treatment is usually symptomatic relief. With the advent of @entity791 , @entity2826 and high grade B cell lymphomas have also been identified in cardiac tissue. The aim of this article is to review the epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathology and treatment of @entity4617 .

title: @entity5 of the heart: epidemiology and management of @entity5 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2826 :: ('MESH:D012514', 'Disease') :: ["Kaposi's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['usually sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumors', 'benign tumor', 'malignant tumors', 'metastatic cancer', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4617 :: ('MESH:D006338', 'Disease') :: ['Malignant cardiac tumors', 'Cardiac tumors', 'cardiac tumors', 'benign cardiac tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac myxoma', 'cardiac lymphoma']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: Long-term treatment with @entity864 ( @entity865 ) down-regulates select @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ) isozymes and may differentially affect @entity7131 substrates. We investigated the role of @entity7131 down-regulation on phosphorylation of two @entity7131 substrates, the 43 kDa growth-associated protein ( @entity13573 ) and the myristoylated @entity493 -rich C-kinase substrate ( @entity10929 ) in SK-N-SH @entity1 @entity521 cells. Cells were treated with 70 nM @entity865 for 15 min, 17 or 72 h. Phosphorylation of @entity10929 and @entity13573 was elevated throughout 72 h of @entity865 . The magnitude and peptidic sites of phosphorylation in @entity13573 and @entity10929 were similar after all @entity865 treatments. @entity13573 , but not @entity10929 , content was increased after 17 and 72 h of @entity865 . The ratio of @entity13573 phosphorylation to content was elevated throughout 17 h but returned to control by 72 h as content increased. @entity7131 epsilon and alpha isozyme content was greatly reduced after 72 h of @entity865 but membranes retained 23% of @entity7131 activity. Only @entity7131 epsilon translocated to membranes after 15 min @entity865 . @entity13573 content after 72 h of @entity865 was increased in subcellular fractions in which significant @entity7131 epsilon isozyme concentration remained. These results demonstrate that continuous @entity865 differentially affected phosphorylation of @entity7131 substrate proteins and regulation of @entity7131 isozyme content in SK-N-SH cells.

title: Continuous phosphorylation of XXXX and @entity10929 by long-term @entity865 treatment in SK-N-SH @entity1 @entity521 cells.

entities_list: @entity7131 :: ('MESH:D020151', 'Disease') :: ['protein kinase C', 'PKC']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity864 :: ('MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity13573 :: (2596,Gene) :: ['GAP-43']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate VAP combination chemotherapy in @entity0 : @entity42870 80 mg/m2 p.o. days 1-5, @entity632 40 mg/m2 and @entity1891 1.4 mg/m2 1st day in cycles of 3 weeks. Twenty-one @entity1 entered the study and 19 were evaluable. The mean age was 54.5 years (25-69) with an average performance status of 60 according to Karnofsky. Hormonal receptors were unknown in 10, positive in 6 and negative in 3. The dominant site of disease was soft tissues in 11, bones in 1, liver in 3 and lung in 4. Fourteen @entity1 had as prior treatment @entity786 , @entity1499 and @entity1487 (CMF), two had @entity440 and three none. Ten @entity1 (52.6%) had a partial response with a mean survival of 7.8+ months, 5 @entity1 (26.3%) had stable disease with a mean survival 6.6+ months and 4 @entity1 (21.1%) had progressive disease with a mean survival of 3 months. Regarding @entity137 all @entity1 had @entity1665 , most of the @entity1 had @entity390 grade I, whereas 5 @entity1 developed mild @entity1431 . We conclude that VAP is an effective, well tolerated chemotherapy combination in @entity1 with @entity0 which deserves further clinical trials.

title: Combination chemotherapy with XXXX , @entity632 , @entity1891 (VAP) in @entity0 . A phase II study.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity42870 :: ('MESH:D011238', 'Chemical') :: ['prednimustine']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['advanced breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity42870 :: (MESH:D011238,Chemical) :: ['prednimustine']


abstract: During the past 5 years, progress in the treatment of pressure ulcers appears to have reached a plateau. Several factors in the design of recent clinical studies may have contributed to this situation. These factors include the criteria chosen for @entity1 selection, small sample size, and lack of a concisely defined final clinical outcome. Hunt noted that wound stratification according to a @entity1 's physiological characteristics may be a key to quantifying differences among clinical treatments. To address this issue, we examined the expression of cyclin D/ @entity8985 in pressure @entity1066 fibroblasts taken from tissues during a recent clinical trial. The treatment groups included @entity1 treated with the following regimens: placebo, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor alone, basic fibroblast growth factor alone, or granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor and basic fibroblast growth factor given in sequence. Immunocytochemical colocalization of cyclin D and @entity8985 showed that, before the initial treatment began, @entity1 were distributed disproportionately among treatment subgroups in regards to the initial expression of these markers. For example, we found that compared with other subgroups, @entity1066 fibroblasts in the basic fibroblast growth factor treatment group showed a much lower expression of cyclin D/ @entity8985 at day 0. However, this group exhibited higher levels of expression of this complex after 35 days of treatment. This study shows that measurement of cyclin D/ @entity8985 expression permits more accurate stratification of @entity1 within treatment subgroups, measurement of a cell's ability to detect the presence of functional cytokines, identification of area(s) of failure within the G1 of the cell cycle, and a basis for critical evaluation of various treatments.

title: Significance of cell cycle for wound stratification in clinical trials: analysis of a pressure @entity1066 clinical trial utilizing cyclin D/ XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity8985 :: (1019,Gene) :: ['cdk4']


abstract: Over the last 22 years, we have encountered 34 examples of a highly aggressive @entity5 with a microscopic morphology that is highly predictive of finding sickled erythrocytes in the tissue. With the exception of one @entity1 , all are believed to have had sickle cell trait or, in one case, @entity13654 . These 33 @entity1 are the subject of this report and, where their race was known, they were all blacks between the ages of 11 and 39 years. Between the ages of 11 and 24 years, males predominated by 3 to 1. Beyond age 24, however, the @entity5 occurred equally in @entity1 and @entity1 . The dominant @entity5 mass was in the medulla and ranged from 4 to 12 cm in diameter. Mean size was 7 cm; median, 6 cm. Peripheral satellites in the renal cortex and pelvic soft tissues, as well as venous and lymphatic invasion, were usually present. The lesions exhibited a reticular, yolk sac-like, or adenoid cystic appearance, often with poorly differentiated areas in a highly desmoplastic stroma admixed with neutrophils and usually marginated by lymphocytes. The @entity5 had usually metastasized when first discovered, and none was confined to the kidney at the time of nephrectomy. The mean duration of life after surgery was 15 weeks. These @entity5 probably arise in the calyceal epithelium in or near the @entity8 , the same site that produces the more familiar picture of unilateral @entity811 in @entity1 with sickle cell trait. We have concluded that @entity703 represents another example of @entity8 associated with @entity3458 . The other six are unilateral @entity811 , @entity5720 , @entity1985 , @entity1188 , inability to concentrate urine, and @entity2885 .

title: @entity703 . The seventh sickle cell XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal papillae', 'renal disease']

entities_list: @entity13654 :: ('MESH:D006450', 'Disease') :: ['hemoglobin SC disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasm', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity5720 :: ('MESH:D007681', 'Disease') :: ['papillary necrosis']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['sickle cell disorders']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['renal infarction']

entities_list: @entity2885 :: ('MESH:D011704', 'Disease') :: ['pyelonephritis']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal medullary carcinoma']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['nephropathy']


abstract: Forty @entity1 with @entity201 (23 @entity1 , 17 @entity1 ) underwent nonsurgical palliative biliary drainage over a period of 12 years. All were surgically unfit or had unresectable disease. All were @entity1087 at presentation with a mean serum @entity648 of 11.5 +/- 1.9 mg/dl. Thirty @entity1 (75%) had @entity3885 . Twenty-eight were drained percutaneously, three endoscopically and nine by a combined endoscopic and percutaneous procedure. Technical success was 97.5%. Final mean @entity648 was 1.5 +/- 0.4 mg/dl. Minor complications occurred in 10 (25%) @entity1 , and major complications in four (10%). Procedure-related mortality was 2.5% with a 30-day mortality of 7.5%. Mean survival was 8.2 +/- 0.5 months. Stent changes were required in eight @entity1 . In @entity1 with inoperable or unresectable @entity201 , percutaneous or endoscopic biliary drainage offers effective palliation.

title: Nonsurgical management of primary XXXX . Retrospective analysis of 40 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1087 :: ('MESH:D007565', 'Disease') :: ['jaundiced']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['hilar obstruction']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma']

answer: @entity201 :: (MESH:D018281,Disease) :: ['cholangiocarcinoma']


abstract: Milk of @entity460 @entity2679 is a rare disease predominantely of adults. The term designates a pathologic accumulation of @entity4959 in the gallbladder, much rarer in the common bile duct as well. The @entity1 may be symptom-free. If present the symptoms may be very mild or as an acute @entity158 , transient @entity1087 and mild attack of @entity788 . @entity460 in the bile may be liquid or it may form a paste-like mass. Both may be seen on a plain X-ray of the abdomen. The stone or stones of @entity4959 may be formed so that they may cause an obstruction of the gallbladder outflow tract or cystic duct or pass into the common bile duct or into the duodenum. [figure: see text] We present a 71 year old male who was admitted for @entity169 but in whom a mild hiperbilirubinaemia was found and then on ultrasonography a gallbladder stone was diagnosed. We performed a hernia repair as well as cholecystectomy and operative cholangiography which turn to be normal. Within an almost normal gallbladder a gray-whitesh paste-like mass was found composed of @entity4959 . The postoperative recovery was uneventful and serum bilirubin become normal. Histology of gallbladder showed chronic nonspecific @entity2679 .

title: [ XXXX associated with milk of @entity460 ] ].

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity4959 :: ('MESH:D002119', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium carbonate']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['biliary pain']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium', 'Calcium']

entities_list: @entity169 :: ('MESH:D006552', 'Disease') :: ['inguinal hernia repair']

answer: @entity2679 :: (MESH:D002764,Disease) :: ['Cholecystitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A significant proportion of @entity1 who have breast-conserving surgery (BCS) subsequently undergo re-excision or proceed to mastectomy. This study aimed to identify factors associated with @entity66 after repeat surgery and to determine their effect on ipsilateral @entity0 recurrence (IBTR) and survival. METHODS: The study cohort was identified within the national population-based registry of the Danish @entity0 Cooperative Group, including @entity1 who underwent BCS for unilateral invasive @entity0 between 2000 and 2009. RESULTS: The study investigated 12,656 @entity1 . Within 2 months after initial BCS, 1342 (11 %) of these @entity1 had a re-excision, and 756 (6 %) of the @entity1 had a mastectomy. @entity66 was found in 20 % of re-excisions and 59 % of mastectomies. In adjusted analysis, @entity3821 ( @entity3821 ) outside the invasive @entity5 , positive initial margin, and age younger than 50 years were associated with increased risk of @entity66 . In the adjusted analysis, @entity1 with @entity66 after re-excision had an increased risk of IBTR regardless whether residual findings were @entity189 [hazard ratio (HR), 2.97; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.57-5.62] or @entity3821 (HR, 2.58; 95 % CI 1.50-4.45). However, no difference was seen in overall survival comparing @entity1 receiving one excision with those having repeat surgery with or without @entity66 (p = 0.96). CONCLUSION: A higher risk of IBTR seen after re-excision was associated with @entity66 . Overall survival was similar regardless of repeat surgery and residual findings.

title: The Influence of Repeat Surgery and Residual Disease on Recurrence After Breast-Conserving Surgery: A Danish XXXX Cooperative Group Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma in situ', 'DCIS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast Cancer', 'breast cancer', 'breast tumor']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease', 'Residual disease']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['invasive carcinoma']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is reported that up to one-third of @entity1 might have some @entity260 after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The predictive factors for @entity166 remains conflicted, which was the main objective of this study. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis using data from enrolled 411 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1290 underwent PCNL from 2008 to 2013. The correlation between @entity260 with demographic characteristics, comorbidities and perioperative features was analyzed by Fisher's exact test or Mann-Whitney test. Logistic regression analysis was used for assessment of risk factors associatedwith @entity166 . RESULTS: The mean age of 411 @entity1 included was 53.6 years and male @entity1 occupied 57.9%. Of all the 411 @entity1 enrolled, 145 @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity1850 ( @entity1850 ). The comorbidity of @entity6 and complete staghorn calculi were suggested to be independent risk factors for postoperative infectious complications by Logistic regression analysis. The overall complication rate was 31.1% (128/411) and 33 cases (8.0%) was categorized as major complications according to the modified Clavien score. The comorbidity of @entity6 and an upper pole tract were risk factors for the occurrence of major complications after PCNL. CONCLUSIONS: The comorbidity of @entity6 was significantly associated with an increasing incidence of both @entity260 after PCNL.

title: @entity6 , a risk factor for both XXXX after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['infectious and major postoperative complications', 'postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['renal stones']

entities_list: @entity1850 :: ('MESH:D018746', 'Disease') :: ['systemic inflammatory response syndrome', 'SIRS']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious and major complications']

answer: @entity166 :: (MESH:D003141,Disease) :: ['infectious and major complications']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 and medical personnel are eager to use blood @entity413 meters that are easy to handle and fast acting. We questioned whether accuracy and precision of these new, small and light weight devices would meet analytical laboratory standards and tested four meters with the above mentioned conditions. METHODS: Approximately 300 capillary blood samples were collected and tested using two devices of each brand and two different types of @entity413 test strips. Blood from the same samples was used for comparison. Results were evaluated using maximum deviation of 5% and 10% from the comparative method, the error grid analysis, the overall deviation of the devices, the linear regression analysis as well as the CVs for measurement in series. RESULTS: Of all 1196 measurements a deviation of less than 5% resp. 10% from the reference method was found for the FreeStyle (FS) meter in 69.5% and 96%, the @entity1112 Meter (GX) in 44% and 75%, the One Touch Ultra (OT) in 29% and 60%, the @entity8125 ( @entity8125 ) in 28.5% and 58%. The error grid analysis gave 99.7% for FS, 99% for GX, 98% for OT and 97% for @entity8125 in zone A. The remainder of the values lay within zone B. Linear regression analysis resembled these results. CVs for measurement in series showed higher deviations for OT and @entity8125 compared to FS and GX. CONCLUSIONS: The four new, small and fast acting @entity413 meters fulfil clinically relevant analytical laboratory requirements making them appropriate for use by medical personnel. However, with regard to the tight and restrictive limits of the ADA recommendations, the devices are still in need of improvement. This should be taken into account when the devices are used by primarily inexperienced @entity1 and is relevant for further industrial development of such devices.

title: New, small, fast acting blood XXXX meters--an analytical laboratory evaluation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity8125 :: ('MESH:C579935', 'Disease') :: ['WT', 'Wellion True Track']

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ['Glucocard X']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: A sensitive and selective HPLC-column switching method with single quadrupole mass spectrometric detection was developed for the simultaneous determination of the oral platelet aggregation inhibitor @entity42392 (double protected prodrug), its prodrug and the active metabolite in @entity35 , @entity235 , and @entity1 plasma. The three analytes together with their tri-deuterated internal standards were isolated from plasma by protein precipitation (0.5 M @entity9901 ). The de-proteinated samples were injected onto a standard-bore trapping column (4.0 mm i.d., LC-ABZ) of an HPLC-column switching system. Polar plasma components were removed by flushing the trapping column with @entity5189 (pH 3.6; 5 mM). Enriched compounds (including the analytes of interest) were backflushed onto a narrow-bore analytical column (2.1 mm i.d., Inertsil ODS-2) and separated by gradient elution ( @entity5189 / @entity1042 ). The whole effluent (200 microl/min) from the analytical column was passed to the turbo ion spray interface without splitting. Selected ion monitoring (SIM) was used for mass spectrometric detection. The limit of quantification for all three analytes was 1 ng/ml, using a 250-microl specimen of plasma. The mean precision and inaccuracy for the three analytes in all species were < 6 and < 5%, respectively. The practicability of the new analytical method was demonstrated by the analysis of about 500 @entity35 and @entity235 plasma and about 14,000 @entity1 plasma samples. The new method represents a successful example for the application of LC single MS with ionspray ionisation to the analysis of small molecule drugs in biological matrices from toxicokinetic studies and large clinical trials.

title: Determination of the oral platelet aggregation inhibitor @entity42392 in @entity35 , XXXX , and @entity1 plasma utilising HPLC-column switching combined with turbo ion spray single quadrupole mass spectrometry.

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity9901 :: ('MESH:D010472', 'Chemical') :: ['perchloric acid']

entities_list: @entity5189 :: ('MESH:C030544', 'Chemical') :: ['formic acid', 'ammonium formate']

entities_list: @entity42392 :: ('MESH:C100917', 'Chemical') :: ['Sibrafiban']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: Evidence suggests that @entity528 may ultimately be the result of excessive intracellular @entity460 accumulation. In principle, abnormal @entity460 concentrations during @entity63 are derived from three main sources: exaggerated influx via (a) voltage-operated channels, (b) receptor-controlled channels (f. ex. @entity143 ) and (c) the release of intracellular @entity460 ion stores. Previous studies using either @entity460 channel blockers or @entity143 antagonists have demonstrated only limited protective effects of these agents in global transient @entity2806 , whereas little or no attention has been paid to the @entity460 sources listed under (c). @entity592 has been shown to block the increase in free intracellular @entity460 ion stimulated by either @entity143 or @entity2227 . Thus we postulated that @entity592 might improve neuronal survival in vulnerable regions to @entity63 such as the @entity1249 hippocampus. Male @entity35 (300 approximately 400 g) were prepared for a four-vessel occlusion model of @entity2806 . @entity2806 was induced by snaring the carotid arteries for 15 mins and maintaining mean arterial pressure at 80 mmHg. Strict attention was paid to keep normal blood gas values. Following @entity63 @entity1508 anesthesia was discontinued, and @entity35 were extubated and when stable transferred to cages with free access to water and food. @entity35 survived for 7 days under close supervision, after which they were anesthetized with @entity4485 and perfused transcardially with 4% @entity1604 / @entity10457 buffer. The brain was removed and placed in fresh fixatives for another 7 days, after which 40 microns sections were cut and @entity575 -stained.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Effects of @entity592 on histological and behavioral outcome in @entity35 XXXX hippocampus after global transient @entity2806 ].

entities_list: @entity4485 :: ('MESH:D010424', 'Chemical') :: ['pentobarbital']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['Complete cerebral ischemia', 'cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'Rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity1604 :: ('MESH:C003043', 'Chemical') :: ['paraformaldehyde']

entities_list: @entity592 :: ('MESH:D003620', 'Chemical') :: ['dantrolene', 'Dantrolene']

entities_list: @entity10457 :: ('MESH:C018279', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium-phosphate']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic neuronal necrosis']

answer: @entity1249 :: (310218(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['CA1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bacteria develop resistance to @entity581 by producing @entity5292 -modifying enzymes such as acetyltransferase, phosphorylase, and adenyltransferase. These enzymes, however, cannot confer consistent resistance to various @entity581 because of their substrate specificity. Notwithstanding, a @entity796 AR-2 showing high-level resistance (minimum inhibitory concentration >1024 mg/L) to various @entity581 was isolated clinically. We aimed to clone and characterise the genetic determinant of this resistance. METHODS: We used conventional methods for DNA manipulation, susceptibility testing, and gene analyses to clone and characterise the genetic determinant of the resistance seen. PCR detection of the gene was also done on a stock of @entity796 strains that were isolated clinically since 1997. FINDINGS: An @entity5292 -resistance gene, designated rmtA, was identified in @entity796 AR-2. The @entity526 transformant and transconjugant harbouring the rmtA gene showed very high-level resistance to various @entity581 , including @entity4509 , @entity2890 , @entity32791 , @entity10999 , @entity7913 , and @entity801 . The 756-bp @entity4334 rmtA gene encoded a protein, RmtA. This protein showed considerable similarity to the 16S rRNA methylases of @entity5292 -producing actinomycetes, which protect bacterial 16S rRNA from intrinsic @entity581 by methylation. Incorporation of radiolabelled @entity5498 groups into the 30S ribosome was detected in the presence of RmtA. Of 1113 clinically isolated @entity796 strains, nine carried the rmtA gene, as shown by PCR analyses. INTERPRETATION: Our findings strongly suggest intergeneric lateral gene transfer of 16S rRNA methylase gene from some @entity5292 -producing microorganisms to @entity796 . Further dissemination of the rmtA gene in nosocomial bacteria could be a matter of concern in the future.

title: Acquisition of 16S rRNA methylase gene in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity32791 :: ('MESH:C016927', 'Chemical') :: ['isepamicin']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain', 'P aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity2890 :: ('MESH:D014031', 'Chemical') :: ['tobramycin']

entities_list: @entity7913 :: ('MESH:D007612', 'Chemical') :: ['kanamycin']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity5292 :: ('D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycosides']

entities_list: @entity10999 :: ('MESH:C031986', 'Chemical') :: ['arbekacin']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity796 :: (287,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1397 requires metabolic activation by @entity4433 ( @entity4433 ). Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) that inhibit @entity4433 are commonly coadministered with @entity1397 to reduce the risk of @entity360 . This analysis compares treatment outcomes for @entity1 in the French Registry of Acute ST-Elevation and Non-ST-Elevation @entity583 (FAST-MI) who did or did not receive @entity1397 and/or PPIs. METHODS AND RESULTS: The FAST-MI registry included 3670 @entity1 (2744 @entity1397 - and PPI-na  ve @entity1 ) presenting with definite MI. @entity1 were categorized according to use of @entity1397 and/or PPI within 48 hours after hospital admission. PPI use was not associated with an increased risk for any of the main in-hospital events (in-hospital survival, reinfarction, @entity64 , @entity548 , and transfusion). Likewise, PPI treatment was not an independent predictor of 1-year survival (hazard ratio, 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87 to 1.08; P=0.57) or 1-year MI, @entity64 , or @entity204 (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.90 to 1.08; P=0.72). No differences were seen when the type of PPI or @entity4433 genotype was taken into account. In the propensity-matched cohorts, the odds ratios for major in-hospital events in PPI versus no PPI were 0.29 (95% CI, 0.06 to 1.44) and 1.70 (95% CI, 0.10 to 30.3) for @entity1 with 1 and 2 variant alleles, respectively. Similarly, the hazard ratio for 1-year events in hospital survivors was 0.68 (95% CI, 0.26 to 1.79) and 0.55 (95% CI, 0.06 to 5.30), respectively. CONCLUSION: PPI use was not associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events or mortality in @entity1 administered @entity1397 for recent MI, whatever the @entity4433 genotype, although harm could not be formally excluded in @entity1 with 2 loss-of-function alleles.

title: Clinical events as a function of proton pump inhibitor use, XXXX use, and @entity4433 genotype in a large nationwide cohort of acute @entity583 : results from the French Registry of Acute ST-Elevation and Non-ST-Elevation @entity583 (FAST-MI) registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['Clopidogrel', 'clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial Infarction']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity1397 :: (MESH:C055162,Chemical) :: ['clopidogrel']


abstract: Post-mortem analyses suggest that @entity731 more often contributes to late-onset @entity303 than hitherto expected. We set out to further unravel the relation between @entity731 and @entity73 . We therefore tested the hypothesis that the number of @entity65 is positively associated with @entity73 in elderly subjects, and that the smaller number of @entity65 in @entity1 explains the better cognitive function of elderly @entity1 . Within the Leiden 85-plus Study, we assessed the @entity731 burden by counting the number of @entity65 in the medical histories of a population-based sample of 599 subjects aged 85 years (response 87%). Significantly more @entity1 than @entity1 had a history of @entity65 (67% compared to 59%, P<0.001). In addition, cognitive function was assessed. All subjects completed the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Cognitive speed and memory were determined with specific neuro-psychological tests in those with a MMSE-score above 18 points. There was a highly significant dose-response relationship between the number of @entity65 and @entity73 for both @entity1 and @entity1 . The median MMSE-score was 26 points in subjects without @entity65 and decreased to 25 points for subjects who had two or more @entity65 (P for trend =0.003). Similar associations were found for cognitive speed but not for memory. Our data confirm that in old age @entity731 significantly contributes to @entity73 . Since treatments for @entity731 appear to be particularly effective in elderly @entity1 , we consider our finding of utmost clinical importance in possibly preventing @entity73 and late-onset @entity303 .

title: XXXX and @entity73 are linked in the elderly. The Leiden 85-plus Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular pathologies', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['Atherosclerosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the first reported successful use of adjunctive linezolid bladder irrigation. CASE SUMMARY: An 89-year-old @entity1 with 10% TBSA burns developed @entity810 . She acquired a @entity293 caused by @entity2176 -resistant @entity6375 (VREfm). Based on clinical status, a linezolid bladder irrigation was initiated in addition to high-dose intravenous linezolid and demonstrated microbiological cure with 7 days of treatment. DISCUSSION: Linezolid is primarily hepatically cleared and has no labeled indication for @entity293 . @entity1696 adds an additional complication of potentially reduced urinary drug concentrations. Bladder irrigation offers the benefit of achieving high local drug concentrations, but there are no data regarding such a route for linezolid. This case report is the first demonstrating the use, stability, safety, and efficacy of @entity5136 as a continuous bladder irrigation. CONCLUSIONS: Linezolid use as a bladder irrigation may be a feasible route of administration in anuric, critically ill @entity1 with VREfm and few antimicrobial options. Further studies are warranted.

title: Linezolid Bladder Irrigation as Adjunctive Treatment for a @entity2176 -Resistant XXXX Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection: A Case Report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity6375 :: ('1352', 'Species') :: ['Enterococcus faecium']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock and anuric acute kidney insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity5136 :: ('MESH:C098010', 'Chemical') :: ['linezolid']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection', 'urinary tract infections']

answer: @entity6375 :: (1352,Species) :: ['Enterococcus faecium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is very evident that many precautions are taken regarding transfusion of red blood cells in @entity1 with autoimmune haemolytic @entity417 . Frequently, considerable efforts are made to examine the indication and serological compatibility prior to transfusion in such @entity1 . However, at times, this may unnecessarily jeopardize @entity1 who urgently require a red blood cell transfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six @entity1 with warm-type autoimmune haemolytic @entity417 were included in this study. All @entity1 had reactive serum autoantibodies and required blood transfusion. Standard serological assays were employed for the detection and characterization of antibodies to red blood cells. RESULTS: A positive direct antiglobulin test was observed in all 36 @entity1 , in addition to detectable antibodies in both the eluate and serum. Significant alloantibodies were detected in the serum samples of three patients (anti-c, anti-JK(a), and anti-E). In 32 @entity1 , red blood cell transfusion was administered with no significant haemolytic transfusion reactions due to auto- and/or allo-antibodies. Due to overestimation of positive cross-matches three @entity1 received no transfusion or delayed transfusion and died, and one @entity1 died due to unrecognised @entity190 and @entity417 which was attributed to an ineffective red blood cell transfusion. DISCUSSION: Many of the reported recommendations regarding transfusion of red blood cells in autoimmune haemolytic @entity417 are highly questionable, and positive serological cross-matches should not result in a delay or refusal of necessary blood transfusions.

title: Precautions surrounding blood transfusion in autoimmune haemolytic XXXX are overestimated.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

answer: @entity417 :: (MESH:D000740,Disease) :: ['anaemias']


abstract: STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Even though mechanical retentive features, such as grooves, are incorporated into the surface of @entity702 alloy temporary cylinders, a reliable bond to veneering provisional materials is not always achievable for screw-retained provisional implant restorations. There is insufficient information about the effect of tribochemical @entity3440 coating on the bond strength between provisional materials and grooved @entity702 alloy temporary cylinders. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the effect of an airborne-particle abrasion and @entity3440 -coating technique on the bond strength between grooved @entity702 alloy temporary cylinders and provisional veneering @entity7640 and @entity4625 materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty grooved @entity702 alloy ( @entity13843 ) internal connection implant temporary cylinders were used. A disc of veneering material (7.1   3.4 mm) was created around the midsection of each cylinder. Forty specimens were divided into 4 groups (n=10): group NoTx @entity4625 , no surface treatment and @entity4625 veneering material; group NoTxBisGMA, no surface treatment and BisGMA veneering material; group Ab @entity4625 , airborne-particle abrasion, @entity3440 -coating surface treatment (Rocatec), and @entity4625 ; and group AbBisGMA, airborne-particle abrasion, @entity3440 -coating surface treatment (Rocatec), and BisGMA. Each specimen was subjected to ultimate shear load testing at the interface of the veneering material and the temporary cylinder in a universal testing machine at a constant crosshead speed of 5 mm/min. Data were analyzed with a 1-way ANOVA (a=.05) followed by post hoc Student-Newman-Keuls test. Each specimen underwent surface observation with a light microscope at  40 magnification to compare fracture patterns. RESULTS: Airborne-particle abrasion and @entity3440 -coating surface treatment significantly lowered the shear bond strength (P<.05). The type of provisional material did not significantly affect the shear bond strength, with or without surface treatment. Group AbBisGMA demonstrated the lowest mean value (3.49 MPa) compared to the other groups. CONCLUSIONS: Airborne-particle abrasion and @entity3440 -coating treatment did not improve the bond between grooved @entity702 alloy temporary cylinders and provisional veneering materials. It weakened the provided mechanical retention, especially when it was used with BisGMA veneering material. Material choice, whether it was @entity4625 or @entity7640 , did not make a statistically significant difference.

title: The effects of an airborne-particle abrasion and XXXX -coating on the bond strength between grooved @entity702 alloy temporary cylinders and provisional veneering materials.

entities_list: @entity4625 :: ('MESH:D019904', 'Chemical') :: ['PMMA', 'polymethyl methacrylate']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity7640 :: ('MESH:D017438', 'Chemical') :: ['BisGMA', 'bisphenol-A glycidyl methacrylate']

answer: @entity3440 :: (MESH:D012822,Chemical) :: ['silica']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A primary @entity81 ( @entity81 ) arising from sternum is quite uncommon @entity5 in thoracic surgery. @entity5 requires extensive resection of the anterior chest wall, and results in @entity717 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 40-year-old  female presented a progressively enlarging mass of her anterior chest wall. Computed tomography revealed an @entity690 with discrete @entity730 in the bone marrow of the sternum. The @entity5 extended across the destroyed cortex to the parietal and visceral soft aspects, involving some of the costal cartilage and most of the sternal body. Partial sternal resection was performed successfully and an individual-specific stainless steel plate was used to reconstruct the anterior chest wall. The early result was good, however, nine months after the first surgery, fractures of plate were found at bilateral plate-clavicular junction. The plate had to be removed, and a @entity702 mesh was used to reconstruction of the chest wall. The @entity1 has been of disease free for more than 18  month after the second surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience indicated that the individual-specific plate may not be suitable for reconstructing both the anterior chest wall as well as the sternoclavicular joint after subtotal sternum resection.

title: Surgical management of a XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Removal of giant sternal tumors']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity690 :: ('MESH:D030981', 'Disease') :: ['osteolytic lesion']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['deformity and paradoxical movement']

entities_list: @entity81 :: ('MESH:D005350', 'Disease') :: ['chondromyxoid fibroma', 'CMF']

answer: @entity81 :: (MESH:D005350,Disease) :: ['giant sternal chondromyxoid fibroma']


abstract: In a long-term multicenter open trial involving 10 general practitioners, the efficacy and tolerance of @entity7726 (SAMe) were studied for 24 months in 108 @entity1 with @entity571 of the knee, hip, and spine. At the end of the 24-month observation period, 97 of the @entity1 were still in the study. The @entity1 received 600 mg of SAMe daily (equivalent to three tablets of 200 mg each) for the first two weeks and thereafter 400 mg daily (equivalent to two tablets of 200 mg each) until the end of the 24th month of treatment. Separate evaluations were made for @entity571 of the knee, hip, cervical spine, and dorsal/lumbar spine. The severity of the clinical symptoms ( @entity7127 , @entity158 at rest, and @entity158 on movement) was assessed using scoring before the start of the treatment, at the end of the first and second week of treatment, and then monthly until the end of the 24-month period. SAMe administration showed good clinical effectiveness and was well tolerated. The improvement of the clinical symptoms during therapy with SAMe was already evident after the first weeks of treatment and continued up to the end of the 24th month. Non-specific side effects occurred in 20 @entity1 , but in no case did therapy have to be discontinued. Most side effects disappeared during the course of therapy. Moreover, during the last six months of treatment, no adverse effect was recorded. Detailed laboratory tests carried out at the start and after six, 12, 18, and 24 months of treatment showed no pathologic changes. SAMe administration also improved the depressive feelings often associated with @entity571 .

title: A long-term (two years) clinical trial with @entity7726 for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity7726 :: ('MESH:D012436', 'Chemical') :: ['S-adenosylmethionine']

entities_list: @entity7127 :: ('MESH:D048968', 'Disease') :: ['morning stiffness']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preoperative evaluation of the axilla, an important prognostic determinant for @entity1 with @entity0 , is achieved by non- or minimally invasive methods to avoid the potential hazards of operative intervention. The aim of this study was to determine statistical power of axillary ultrasound (US) and US-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for evaluating axillary status. METHODS: Axillary lymph nodes were imaged for malignant involvement by high resolution US in 93 @entity0 @entity1 with clinically negative axilla. Cytological samples were obtained by US-guided FNAC from image-suspicious lymph nodes. Cytology-positive @entity1 directly underwent @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ). @entity1 with US and/or cytology-negative axilla underwent @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ). Using statistical analysis, US findings and US combined with FNAC were compared with @entity1600 and final pathology to measure performance. RESULTS: US was suspicious for @entity3 in 38 @entity1 (41%), of whom 16 (42%) were cytology-positive. Axilla was positive in 36/93 @entity1 (38.7%). Sixteen @entity1 with positive FNAC directly underwent @entity1600 . @entity1600 and/or final pathology was positive in 13/55 @entity1 (23.7%) with negative US (false negative of US) and in 7/22 @entity1 (31.8%) with positive US but negative cytology (false negative of FNAC). @entity1600 and/or final pathology was negative in 15/38 @entity1 (39.5%) with positive US (false positive of US). Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) and negative predictive value (NPV) of US alone were 63.8%, 73.6%, 69.8%, 60.5% and 76.3%, respectively, and 69.6%,100%, 81.6%, 100% and 68.1%, respectively, for US combined with FNAC. CONCLUSION: Statistical measures of the US alone did not achieve a satisfactory value for excluding operative biopsy. US-negative and US-positive but cytology-negative cases still require @entity1600 for accurate evaluation of axillary status. On the other hand, US-guided positive cytology can obviate @entity1600 proceeding directly to @entity1600 and avoiding frozen section of sentinel node(s).

title: Preoperative assessment of the axilla by surgeon performed ultrasound and cytology in XXXX with @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'invasive breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['sentinel lymph node biopsy', 'axillary lymph node dissection', 'SLNB', 'ALND']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The purpose of this international collaborative study was to investigate the prescription patterns of antipsychotic drugs for @entity161 in East Asia and to analyze factors that affect these patterns. Prescription patterns for @entity1 admitted for treatment of @entity161 were surveyed using a standardized protocol from six East-Asian region/countries: China, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Singapore and Taiwan. @entity1 ' social and clinical characteristics, @entity146 symptoms, @entity221 , and adverse effects of medications were systematically assessed and recorded. Prescriptions of the first- and second-generation antipsychotic drugs were compared. A total of 2399 @entity1 were recruited. The second-generation drugs comprised 28.1% of all prescribed antipsychotics, and 46% of the antipsychotic prescriptions were in the context of polypharmacy. The mean dosage of antipsychotics for the whole sample was 675.3 + 645.1 mg @entity2644 equivalents. Japan had a high frequency of prescribing high doses and polypharmacy; Singapore had a high utilization of depot injections while China had a higher prescription of @entity1088 . Using multiple logistic regression analysis, distinctions in the prescription patterns of antipsychotic drugs were found: first-generation drugs were mainly for controlling @entity146 , while second-generation drugs were targeted at the alleviation of positive, negative @entity716 as well as @entity952 in @entity161 . The present collaborative study highlighted differences in the prescription patterns, especially the under-utilization of second-generation antipsychotic drugs in East Asia. The pattern of antipsychotic medication use varied from country to country and is likely to be influenced by the prevailing health-care system, the availability and cost of the drugs.

title: Antipsychotic drug prescription for XXXX in East Asia: rationale for change.

entities_list: @entity1088 :: ('MESH:D003024', 'Chemical') :: ['clozapine']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'aggressive behavior']

entities_list: @entity2644 :: ('MESH:D002746', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorpromazine']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity952 :: ('MESH:D019958', 'Disease') :: ['disruptive behavior']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['course of illness']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: An experimental model of @entity121 was designed using parental antigens (muscle mitochondrial fraction) in F1 hybrid @entity35 (male @entity35 x female Sprague-Dawley). The immune response was modulated by spleen fragment transplant from either @entity35 (W) or F1. Antibody fixation and inflammatory reaction were studied in Extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles. Immunization without spleen transplant resulted in antibody fixation mainly in capillaries and incompletely around muscle fibers; whorled fibers were found in 1/3 of F1 @entity35 immunized with antigen from @entity35 . Spleen transplants from Sprague Dawley (SD) @entity35 were usually accepted by F1; in some animals, antibodies surrounded completely muscle fibers and the percentage of animals showing @entity121 was increased. Spleen transplants from non immunized F1 were usually rejected by immunized F1; antibody reaction was found inside fibers of most of the @entity35 , @entity121 was present in 40% of the animals immunized with W, but absent in those immunized with SD antigen. In conclusion, this model can be used to study immunological responses to alloantigens (parental to F1). Spleen fragment transplant modulates the immune response. There was discrepancy between antibody fixation and @entity121 . The immunological response was different according to muscle fiber type composition and/or microcirculatory characteristics.

title: XXXX and autoantibody fixation in an experimental model of @entity121 .

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune myopathy', 'soleus muscle lesions', 'muscle damage']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['Muscle damage']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to develop a new formula to estimate the @entity8 in both @entity1 and adults; then compare the new formula with previously published formulas. METHODS: Renal depth and total thickness (T, cm) of the body at the level of the kidneys were measured by CT in 113 @entity1 and 246 adults. Their sex, age, height (H, cm), and weight (W, kg) were recorded. Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis were conducted, using data from @entity1 and adults together. The 359 cases were divided into 2 random groups, of which, the first group was used to derive a regressive formula, and the second was used to verify the formula and compare the formula with previously published formulas in different groups. RESULTS: Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the important variable in estimating the depth of each kidney was the ratio of body weight (W, kg) to body height (H, cm) and the total thickness (T, cm) of the body at the level of the kidneys. The new formula was as follows: for right @entity8 (cm) = 0.22 * T + 7.714 * W/H-0.331 (r = 0.95), and for @entity8 (cm) = 0.238 * T + 6.553 * W/H-0.618 (r = 0.95). It is better than the other four formulas in different groups, especially in @entity1 and W/H  <= 0.30 (in adults) groups. CONCLUSIONS: We first introduced T into @entity8 estimation formula and established the new formula. It has a better performance than the other four formulas in different groups. The new formula provided reliable and accurate @entity8 and may contribute to improving the methods used to estimate renal function from radionuclide renography.

title: Establish New Formulas for the Calculation of Renal Depth in Both XXXX and Adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['left renal depth', 'renal depth']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dual chamber pacing improves functional status and reduces left ventricular outflow tract gradients in some, but not all @entity1 with @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ) by altering ventricular depolarisation. We investigated the use of biventricular ( @entity3032 ) pacing in symptomatic @entity1 with @entity1121 . METHOD: 8 @entity1 aged 58  7yrs with symptomatic @entity1121 underwent @entity3032 pacing. 5 @entity1 had LVOT gradients >30mmHg. Ventricular electrodes were placed in the right ventricle (RV) and a branch of the coronary sinus. An atrial electrode was inserted to achieve @entity3032 pacing with a short AV delay. The short-term effects of different pacing modalities were assessed using 2-D and Doppler echocardiography. Symptoms and exercise tolerance were assessed after a month of each pacing mode. Long-term follow up data was available for 5 years. RESULTS: Baseline EF was 67  14% and mean QRS duration was 132  26msecs. @entity3032 pacing reduced QRS duration compared to RV pacing (129  46 vs. 205  54msecs, p<0.005). Five of the seven @entity1 had baseline LVOT gradients (mean 67  25mmHg) that decreased to 41  15mm Hg with RV pacing (p<0.01) and 25  15mmHg with @entity3032 pacing (p<0.005). Improvements in exercise time with active pacing occurred in six out of eight @entity1 (75%), three (37.5%) had optimal exercise times with RV pacing and three with @entity3032 pacing. Of the three @entity1 with short term improvements with @entity3032 pacing, one died 4 years post implant, one deteriorated with LV dilatation and one had the system explanted for @entity281 . CONCLUSION: @entity3032 pacing showed short-term beneficial effects in some @entity1 over and above RV pacing alone.

title: Initial experience of a cohort of @entity1 with XXXX undergoing biventricular pacing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['HCM', 'hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity1121 :: (MESH:D002312,Disease) :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6981 ( @entity6981 ), a prevalent @entity281 in @entity1 of reproductive age, is associated with increased risk of upper genital tract and @entity2953 , and complications in pregnancy. Currently approved treatments include @entity868 , which requires once or twice daily intravaginal administration for 5 days or twice daily oral administration for 7 days. This phase 3 study determined the safety and efficacy of single-dose @entity868 vaginal gel (MVG) 1.3%. METHODS: In this double-blind, vehicle-controlled study, 651 @entity1 with clinical diagnosis of @entity6981 were randomized 1:1 to receive MVG 1.3% or vehicle vaginal gel. Primary efficacy measure was clinical cure (normal discharge, negative "whiff test," and <20% clue cells) at day 21. Secondary measures included therapeutic cure (both clinical and bacteriological; day 21) and bacteriologic cure (Nugent score <4), clinical cure, and time to resolution of symptoms (day 7). RESULTS: A total of 487 @entity1 were included in the primary analysis. Clinical and therapeutic cure rates (day 21) were higher in @entity1 treated with MVG 1.3% compared with vehicle gel (37.2% vs. 26.6% [P = 0.010] and 16.8% vs. 7.2% [P = 0.001], respectively). Clinical and bacteriologic cure rates (day 7) were also higher in the MVG 1.3% group (46.0% vs. 20.0% [P < 0.001] and 32.7% vs. 6.3% [P < 0.001], respectively). The median time to resolution of symptoms was shorter in the MVG 1.3% (day 6) than vehicle group (not reached). No serious adverse events were reported, and incidence was similar across treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: Single-dose MVG 1.3% was safe and superior to vehicle gel in producing cure among @entity1 with @entity6981 .

title: A Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Vehicle-Controlled Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of XXXX Vaginal Gel 1.3% in the Treatment of @entity6981 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['sexually transmitted infections']

entities_list: @entity6981 :: ('MESH:D016585', 'Disease') :: ['Bacterial vaginosis', 'BV']

answer: @entity868 :: (MESH:D008795,Chemical) :: ['Metronidazole']


abstract: Forty-five @entity1 and fifteen @entity1 with @entity2013 have been treated surgically. @entity1 with @entity5 received pituitary irradiation and postoperative @entity4089 was treated with @entity2847 . The @entity1 have been followed-up for 6-36 months following the operation. The @entity5 were larger and the levels of production higher in @entity1 as compared with @entity1 . All @entity1 had @entity4999 . @entity21696 was present in forty-three @entity1 but not in the @entity1 . After surgery serum @entity4090 levels fell significantly in all @entity1 but remained above normal in thirty-six; @entity4090 remained high in twelve @entity1 . @entity2847 effectively decreased the postoperative @entity4089 . The surgical complications were @entity2895 in one @entity1 and one @entity1 . After surgery six (23%) @entity1 developed @entity73 , six (15%) @entity1374 , eight (18%) impaired @entity701 secretion and five (17%) impaired LH secretion in isolation or combination which had not been present preoperatively. Three @entity1 relapsed. Fifteen @entity1 menstruated after surgery and ten began to do so during the subsequent @entity2847 treatment. Thus, menstruation was restored in all six @entity1 with microadenomas in sixteen of twenty @entity1 with intrasellar macroadenomas and three of nineteen @entity1 with suprasellar @entity652 . The preoperative LH-reserve proved to be an important prognostic indicator. Nine @entity1 , i.e. 50% of @entity1 desiring fertility became pregnant. In the @entity1 gonadal function deteriorated in four @entity1 and did not improve in any without @entity251 treatment.

title: Pituitary function in @entity2013 . Effect of surgery and postoperative XXXX therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'man', 'women', 'Patients', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4089 :: ('MESH:D006966', 'Disease') :: ['hyperprolactinaemia']

entities_list: @entity2847 :: ('MESH:D001971', 'Chemical') :: ['Bromocriptine', 'bromocriptine']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity2013 :: ('MESH:D015175', 'Disease') :: ['prolactinomas']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['impaired thyroid function']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['large tumours', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired GH secretion']

entities_list: @entity2895 :: ('MESH:D015840', 'Disease') :: ['oculomotor nerve paresis']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity21696 :: ('MESH:C535402', 'Disease') :: ['Galactorrhoea']

entities_list: @entity4999 :: ('MESH:C537962', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhoea']

answer: @entity2847 :: (MESH:D001971,Chemical) :: ['bromocriptine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early onset @entity3519 ( @entity910 ) and @entity2319 in childhood pose significant challenges for @entity1 and carers and are the cause of @entity717 . It is particularly tragic when the @entity1 cannot make use of early cochlear implantation (CI) technology to relieve @entity2319 and improve language and communication, because severe cervical and truncal @entity3519 brushes off the magnetic amplifier behind the ears. Bilateral globus pallidus internus (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS) neuromodulation can reduce @entity910 , thus supporting CI neuromodulation success. METHODS: We describe the importance of the order of dual neuromodulation surgery for @entity3519 and @entity2319 . First with bilateral GPi DBS using a rechargeable ACTIVA-RC neurostimulator followed 5 months later by unilateral CI with a Harmony (BTE) Advanced Bionics Hi Res 90  K cochlear device. This double neuromodulation was performed in series in a 12.5  kg 5 year-old ex-24 week gestation-born twin without a cerebellum. RESULTS: Relief of @entity910 enabled continuous use of the CI amplifier. Language understanding and communication improved. @entity3520 abated. Tolerance of sitting increased with emergence of manual function. @entity159 ensued 10 days after ACTIVA-RC removal for @entity281 at 3 years and 10 months. He required intensive care and DBS re-implantation 3 weeks later together with 8 months of hospital care. Today he is virtually back to the level of functioning before the DBS removal in 2012 and background medication continues to be slowly weaned. CONCLUSION: This case illustrates that early neuromodulation with DBS for @entity306 followed by CI for @entity2319 is beneficial. Both should be considered early i.e. under the age of five years. The DBS should precede the CI to maximise @entity3519 reduction and thus benefits from CI. This requires close working between the paediatric DBS and CI services.

title: Bilateral globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation for XXXX supports success of cochlear implantation in a 5-year old ex-24  week preterm twin with absent cerebellar hemispheres.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity3520 :: ('MESH:D020821', 'Disease') :: ['Dystonic storms']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinesia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection-erosion']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['multiple disability']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['Status dystonicus']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['dystonic cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity306 :: (MESH:D002547,Disease) :: ['dyskinetic cerebral palsy']


abstract: This study aimed to analyze trends in the 10 leading causes of @entity204 in Korea from 1983 to 2012. Death rates were derived from the Korean Statistics Information Service database and age-adjusted to the 2010 population. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify the points when statistically significant changes occurred in the trends. Between 1983 and 2012, the age-standardized @entity204 rate (ASR) from all causes decreased by 61.6% for @entity1 and 51.2% for @entity1 . ASRs from @entity5 , @entity6 , and transport accidents increased initially before decreasing. ASRs from @entity101 diseases, @entity299 , @entity66 and @entity409 showed favorable trends (ASR % change: -94.4%, -53.8%, -76.0%, and -78.9% for @entity1 , and -77.1%, -36.5%, -67.8%, and -79.9% for @entity1 , respectively). ASRs from @entity55 decreased until the mid-1990s and thereafter increased. ASRs from intentional self-harm increased persistently since around 1990 (ASR % change: 122.0% for @entity1 and 217.4% for @entity1 ). In conclusion, @entity204 rates from all causes in Korea decreased significantly in the last three decades except in the late 1990s. Despite the great strides made in the overall mortality, temporal trends varied widely by cause. Mortality trends for @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity55 and intentional self-harm were unfavorable.

title: Trends in the leading causes of XXXX in Korea, 1983-2012.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['diseases of the liver']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart diseases']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: @entity13974 and repetitive, high-voltage spikes have been recorded in the electrocorticogram (ECoG) of @entity35 weeks and months after fluid percussion injury (FPI), a model of @entity131 . These ECoG events, which have many similarities to @entity11228 ( @entity11228 ) and @entity2048 , have been proposed to represent @entity6191 @entity410 characteristic of @entity32933 ( @entity32933 ). The present study quantified features of SWD episodes in @entity35 at different time points after moderate to severe FPI, and compared them with age-matched control @entity35 . Control and FPI-injured @entity35 at 1 year of age displayed large-amplitude and frequent SWD events at frontal and parietal recording sites. At 3-6 months, @entity11228 were shorter in duration and less frequent; extremely brief @entity11228 (i.e., "larval") were detected as early as 1 month. The onset of the @entity11228 was nearly always synchronous across electrodes and of larger amplitude in frontal regions. A sensory stimulus, such as a click, immediately and consistently stopped the occurrence of the @entity11228 . @entity11228 were consistently accompanied by @entity146 . All features of @entity11228 in control and experimental (FPI) @entity35 were indistinguishable. None of the FPI-treated @entity35 developed @entity6191 or convulsive @entity410 that could be distinguished electrographically or behaviorally from @entity11228 . Because @entity11228 have features similar to genetic @entity2048 , these results challenge the hypothesis that @entity11228 after FPI reflect @entity32933 .

title: Progressive, @entity410 -Like, Spike-Wave Discharges Are Common in Both Injured and Uninjured XXXX : Implications for the Fluid Percussion Injury Model of @entity32933 .

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral arrest']

entities_list: @entity11228 :: ('MESH:C535500', 'Disease') :: ['SWDs', 'spike-wave-discharges']

entities_list: @entity2048 :: ('MESH:D004832', 'Disease') :: ['absence seizures']

entities_list: @entity13974 :: ('MESH:C537362', 'Disease') :: ['Variable-duration oscillations']

entities_list: @entity6191 :: ('MESH:D004829', 'Disease') :: ['nonconvulsive']

entities_list: @entity32933 :: ('MESH:D004834', 'Disease') :: ['post-traumatic epilepsy', 'PTE']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Sprague-Dawley Rats']


abstract: This study was undertaken to compare the incidence of @entity1516 in fusions supplemented with autogeneic and frozen allogeneic grafts. The records of 208 @entity1 with @entity1615 who were treated by posterior fusion and Harrington instrumentation were studied. The fusion was supplemented by an autogeneic iliac bone graft in 114 @entity1 and by an allogeneic bank bone graft in 94 @entity1 . The fusion mass was explored in all @entity1 with suspected @entity1516 ; therefore, all @entity1516 reported in this series were proved by surgical exploration. @entity1516 developed in five @entity1 (4.4%) receiving an autogeneic graft and in five @entity1 (5.3%) receiving an allogeneic graft. The incidence of @entity1516 was not significantly different at the 95% level of certainty. Average @entity190 and operative time were determined for all @entity1 . The decreases in average @entity190 and operative time in those @entity1 receiving allogeneic grafts were significant (p less than .01). Thus, based on the incidence of @entity1516 , allogeneic frozen bank-stored bone is an attractive alternative to autogeneic iliac bone for fusion supplementation in the treatment of @entity1635 . Total operative time and @entity190 can be decreased, and possible complications associated with a donor site can be avoided.

title: @entity1516 after spinal fusion for XXXX . A comparison of autogeneic and allogeneic bone grafts.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1615 :: ('OMIM:181800', 'Disease') :: ['adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity1516 :: ('MESH:D011542', 'Disease') :: ['Pseudarthrosis', 'pseudarthrosis', 'pseudarthroses']

answer: @entity1635 :: (MESH:D012600,Disease) :: ['scoliosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Knowledge of @entity988 research findings is critical for healthcare professionals who treat addicted @entity1 . However, there is little information available about the instructional effectiveness of lecture-slide presentations in changing knowledge vs. beliefs of such professionals. DESIGN: A modified Solomon four-group experimental design was used to assess the instructional effectiveness (knowledge gain vs. belief changes) of three-hour @entity988 science workshops presented to health-care professionals by neurobiologically-trained academic researchers. Effectiveness of the workshops was assessed by a 28-item questionnaire on @entity1 versus control group knowledge/beliefs on @entity988 . Six-month follow-up questionnaires measured "retention" of knowledge and belief changes. RESULTS: The workshop @entity1 showed significant knowledge gain and belief changes, whereas the two control groups showed no change in knowledge or beliefs. After six months, knowledge gains decreased, but were still higher than pre-test scores. In contrast, belief changes on three subscales persisted over six months in 40 to 52 percent of the subjects. CONCLUSIONS: These results illustrate a successful continuing education model by which academic researchers who are skilled teachers present a three-hour lecture-slide workshop with extensive question-and-answer sessions on addictions. We conclude that motivated health-care professionals can experience important knowledge gains and belief changes by participating in such workshops. In contrast to the transient retention of knowledge, belief changes persisted surprisingly well for at least six months in about half the subjects. These results suggest that long-term changes in the professional orientation of these health-care workers are possible.

title: Effectiveness of XXXX science presentations to treatment professionals, using a modified Solomon study design.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'participant', 'participants']

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['addiction']

answer: @entity988 :: (MESH:D000437,Disease) :: ['addiction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cholinesterase inhibitors with additional nicotinic activity, such as @entity11545 , may be useful in @entity1726 @entity1 with @entity303 ( @entity3602 ) since stimulation of nicotinic receptors may prevent the down-regulation that is likely to accompany cholinesterase inhibition and facilitate @entity935 release in the striatum. METHODS: Sixteen @entity3602 @entity1 (six female) with onset of @entity73 after at least one year with @entity304 participated in this open-label trial of @entity11545 . Cognitive, @entity146 , and motor symptoms were assessed before and after 8 weeks of treatment with @entity11545 using unstructured clinical assessment as well as rating scales including the @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ), clock drawing test, verbal fluency and selected items from the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). RESULTS: Age (mean, SD) was 75.6 (5.2) years, duration of @entity1726 13.4 (5.9), duration of @entity303 2.1 (1.7) years, Hoehn and Yahr score was 3.8 (0.8) and baseline @entity1032 score was 17.7 (6.7). Side-effects caused discontinuation in three @entity1 , but were rare and mild in the remaining 13. Improvement of global mental symptoms was noted in eight @entity1 , whereas worsening was reported in four. @entity1833 improved in seven of the nine @entity1 with @entity1833 before treatment. @entity304 improved in six @entity1 , but a mild worsening of @entity400 was noted in three. Clock-drawing improved (p=0.016), and trends towards improvement on @entity1032 (p=0.09) and verbal fluency (p=0.16) were found. CONCLUSIONS: Although controlled trials are needed, the findings suggest that @entity11545 is useful in @entity1 with @entity3602 .

title: Cognitive, XXXX and motor response to @entity11545 in Parkinson's disease with @entity303 .

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['MMSE', 'Mini-Mental State Examination']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinsonism', 'parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity11545 :: ('MESH:D005702', 'Chemical') :: ['galantamine']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations', 'Hallucinations']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: PURPOSE: The role of laparoscopic surgery in @entity1 with @entity30 remains to be defined, although increasingly difficult cases are being treated using minimally invasive techniques. We examined technical feasibility in 20 @entity1 with @entity30 associated with @entity292 . METHODS: Laparoscopic surgery was attempted in 37 @entity1 with stricturing @entity4628 or @entity30 from 1994 to 2000 after failure of strict nutritional therapy. Twenty of these @entity1 with a total of 31 intestinal @entity292 (14 ileoileal, 6 ileocolonic, 5 ileorectal, 2 ileovesical, 2 ileocutaneous, 1 gastrocolic, and 1 ileoduodenal) underwent 25 operations. Fistulas were divided intracorporeally, except for @entity292 . Fifteen @entity1 underwent ileocecal resection; six underwent strictureplasty; six underwent partial resection of the small intestine; three underwent segmental colonic resection; and one underwent resection of anastomotic recurrence. Median follow-up was 48 (range, 5-77) months. RESULTS: Oral intake was started a median of 1 (range, 1-9) day after operation, and @entity1 were discharged a median of 8 (range, 6-21) days after surgery. Four complications were observed in 25 operations (16 percent), including 1 @entity1321 , and 1 @entity6177 . There were no intraoperative or postoperative deaths. Four of the 5 operations were converted to open surgery (16 percent). Three of the 5 @entity1 (60 percent) who required reoperation for anastomotic recurrence underwent repeated laparoscopic surgery using the same small incision. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic treatment for @entity30 complicated by @entity292 is feasible without high complication or conversion rates. Recurrent disease requiring reoperation can also be successfully treated using laparoscopic methods.

title: Successful application of laparoscopic surgery to the treatment of @entity30 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4628 :: ('MESH:D007077', 'Disease') :: ['ileal disease']

entities_list: @entity6177 :: ('MESH:D018784', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal abscess']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['ileoileal fistulas', 'fistulas']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction/ileus, 2 wound infections']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["ileocolonic Crohn's disease", "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['fistulas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Approximately three-quarters of @entity1 with severe mental illnesses smoke cigarettes, and the rate is even higher among those with co-occurring @entity734 . This longitudinal study explored patterns of cigarette use and cessation attempts among mental health clients with co-occurring disorders. METHODS: Clients participating in a longitudinal study of co-occurring disorders (N=174) were assessed yearly over 11 years for smoking and smoking cessation behaviors, @entity146 symptoms, and other substance use, as well as social, occupational, and other characteristics. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to examine smoking cessation outcomes. RESULTS: Eighty-nine percent of @entity1 were current smokers at baseline. Seventy-five percent of @entity1 tried to quit at least once over the 11 years of the study, although none received @entity1239 replacement therapy or @entity752 . Only 17% were not smoking at the 11-year follow-up. The presence of a chronic general medical condition predicted a longer duration of not smoking in the past year. Being male and having a high school education or higher were associated with more attempts to quit smoking, as were higher scores on the activation subscale of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, more social contact with non-substance-using friends, and more daily activities. CONCLUSIONS: Although many clients with co-occurring serious @entity1032 and @entity734 tried to quit each year, few achieved sustained abstinence and none used evidence-based interventions ( @entity1239 replacement therapy or @entity752 ). Treatment providers need to administer evidence-based interventions to help @entity1 quit successfully.

title: Course of smoking and quit attempts among clients with co-occurring severe @entity1032 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity752 :: ('MESH:D016642', 'Chemical') :: ['bupropion']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance use disorders']

answer: @entity734 :: (MESH:D019966,Disease) :: ['substance use disorders']