abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess whether joint lavage, viscosupplementation and @entity2713 improve joint @entity158 , function and quality of life in @entity1 with severe @entity2720 . METHODS: Fourteen @entity1 with knee and/or ankle @entity625 with and without involvement of other joints underwent joint lavage and subsequent injection of hylan G-F20 and @entity2713 in all affected joints. The @entity1 answered algo-functional questionnaires (Lequesne and WOMAC), visual analog scale for @entity158 (VAS) and SF-36 preoperatively, and at one, three, six and twelve months postoperatively. RESULTS: Sixteen knees, 15 ankles, 8 elbows and one shoulder were treated in 14 @entity1 . Six @entity1 had @entity85 [ankle (1), leg muscle (2) and knees (4)] at 3 months affecting the results. @entity158 did not improve significantly. Function improved (WOMAC p=0.02 and Lequesne p=0.01). The physical component of SF-36 improved at all time points except at 3 months, with best results at one-year follow-up (baseline = 33.4; 1 month = 39.6; 3 months= 37.6; 6 months 39.6 and 1 year = 44.6; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Joint lavage followed by injection of @entity2713 and hylan G-F20 improves function and quality of life progressively up to a year, even in severe @entity2720 . Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.

title: Subjective results of joint lavage and viscosupplementation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['hemophilic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['hemophilic arthropathy']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2713 :: ('MESH:D014221', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone']

answer: @entity2720 :: (MESH:D007592,Disease) :: ['hemophilic arthropathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of @entity1063 (NE) on DNA damage and reactive @entity26 species (ROS) generation in ovarian surface epithelial cells. METHOD: Non-tumorigenic, immortalized ovarian surface epithelial cells were treated with NE, @entity1732 , and @entity1732 followed by NE. The comet assay was performed on each treatment group to determine the amount of single and double-strand breaks induced by treatments. ROS levels for each treatment group were measured using the @entity7361 fluorescence assay. Finally, RNA transcripts were measured for each treatment group with regards to the expression of DNA repair and oxidative stress genes. RESULTS: The mean tail moment of untreated cells was significantly greater than that of cells treated with NE (p=0.02). The mean tail moment of cells treated with @entity1732 was significantly greater than that of cells treated with @entity1732 followed by NE (p<0.01). Treatment with NE resulted in significantly less ROS generation than in untreated cells (p<0.01). NE treatment after @entity273 treatment resulted in a noticeable decrease in ROS generation. Genes associated with oxidative stress were upregulated in cells treated with @entity1732 , however this upregulation was blunted when @entity1732 -treated cells were treated subsequently with NE. CONCLUSION: NE is associated with decreased DNA damage and ROS production in ovarian surface epithelial cells. This effect is protective in the presence of the oxidative-damaging agent @entity1732 . These results suggest an additional physiologic role for the stress hormone NE, in protecting ovarian surface epithelial cells from oxidative stress.

title: XXXX Reduces Reactive @entity26 Species (ROS) and DNA Damage in Ovarian Surface Epithelial Cells.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity1063 :: (MESH:D009638,Chemical) :: ['Norepinephrine']


abstract: More than one application of the potent @entity5 -promoting agent, @entity864 ( @entity865 ), to @entity19 skin at intervals of more than 48 h led to a larger induction of @entity7222 decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17; ODC) than did a single application. In contrast, at intervals of less than 24 h, the first application of @entity865 appeared to induce a refractory state; the second application of @entity865 did not induce ODC. The extent of the inhibitory effect caused by the first application of @entity865 was dependent on the dose. The abilities of a series of @entity4996 to induce the refractory state correlated with their promoting abilities. However, both @entity18878 and @entity40065 , potent hyperplastic agents with little or no promoting properties, induced the refractory state. On the other hand, pretreatment with @entity865 caused a refractory effect on ODC induction by mezerein but potentiated ODC induction by @entity40065 . The epidermal cells escaped from the refractory state by repeated application of @entity865 at intervals of 24 h as well as at intervals of twice a week; that is, there was a full induction of ODC activity following a second application within 24 h of a prior application. @entity865 did not elicit production of detectable ODC-antizyme activity in @entity19 epidermis. Mixing of a soluble extract from @entity19 epidermis in the refractory state with that from @entity865 -stimulated epidermis gave essentially additive ODC activity. Elimination of ODC induction by topical application of @entity1968 or injection of @entity1880 concurrent with the first application of @entity865 did not restore the ability of a second application of @entity865 to induce ODC. These results suggest that the refractory effect on ODC induction by @entity865 does not result from feedback regulation of ODC.

title: @entity5 promoter-induced refractory state against @entity7222 decarboxylase induction by XXXX in @entity19 epidermis.

entities_list: @entity1880 :: ('MESH:D003513', 'Chemical') :: ['cycloheximide']

entities_list: @entity7222 :: ('CHEBI:18257', 'Chemical') :: ['ornithine']

entities_list: @entity40065 :: ('MESH:C015202', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylphenylpropiolate']

entities_list: @entity864 :: ('MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate']

entities_list: @entity4996 :: ('MESH:D010703', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol esters']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoic acid']

answer: @entity864 :: (MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755,Chemical) :: ['12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance in @entity6368 jeopardizes public health and continues to spread out to currently recommended and older antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance provides essential clues toward the modification of treatment guidelines. The aim of the study was to determine gonococcal AMR profile and trends between 2007 and 2012 and to evaluate any change in AMR profile in comparison with published trends in 2002 to 2006. METHODS: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 261 @entity6368 isolates from consecutive @entity1 between 2007 and 2012 was determined for @entity114 , @entity803 , @entity2177 , @entity6760 , extended-spectrum cephalosporins ( @entity2756 , @entity6727 , @entity26397 ) and @entity4580 by the disk diffusion technique and the Etest method. P value was determined using    test for comparisons of trends between the 2 periods. RESULTS: In comparison of AMR trends between 2002-2006 and 2007-2012, penicillinase-producing @entity6368 , @entity803 -resistant @entity6368 , and @entity2177 -resistant strains increased significantly from 21.2% to 47.9% (P < 0.0001), 13.6% to 25.3% (P = 0.0002), and 78% to 89.7% (P = 0.0001), respectively. An insignificant increase from 2.4% to 4.2% (P > 0.05) in decreased susceptibility to @entity2756 and 0.8% to 1.5% (P > 0.05) for @entity4580 resistance was observed. All isolates were susceptible to spectinomycin over both the periods, except for one isolate in 2002. CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights that there is a continuous increase in resistance to previously recommended antibiotics despite their disuse for treatment. The increase in number of strains with decreased susceptibility to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and @entity4580 resistance, currently recommended for management of @entity2954 , is of serious concern. These trends should be monitored continuously to change antibiotic policy.

title: Trends of Resistance to Antimicrobials Recommended Currently and in the Past for Management of XXXX in the Apex STD Center in India and Comparison of Antimicrobial Resistance Profile Between 2002-2006 and 2007-2012.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2954 :: ('MESH:D006069', 'Disease') :: ['gonorrhea']

entities_list: @entity2756 :: ('MESH:D002443', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftriaxone']

entities_list: @entity6368 :: ('485', 'Species') :: ['Neisseria gonorrhoeae', 'N. gonorrhoeae']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity4580 :: ('MESH:D017963', 'Chemical') :: ['azithromycin']

entities_list: @entity26397 :: ('MESH:C053268', 'Chemical') :: ['cefpodoxime']

entities_list: @entity6727 :: ('MESH:D020682', 'Chemical') :: ['cefixime']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

entities_list: @entity6760 :: ('MESH:D000198', 'Chemical') :: ['spectinomycin']

answer: @entity2954 :: (MESH:D006069,Disease) :: ['Gonorrhea']


abstract: PURPOSE: Although the illegal use of recombinant @entity1 @entity2124 (rhGH) to enhance performance is increasing among athletes, no official test for its detection has yet been implemented. The aim of this work was to study how prolonged rhGH administration in trained subjects influences the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system, in order to evaluate new methods in antidoping tests. METHODS: Morning serum @entity2124 ( @entity2124 ), @entity442 , @entity10513 , @entity2301 , @entity442 / @entity10513 , and @entity2301 / @entity10513 ratios were evaluated before, during (8th and 15th days), and at the end and after cessation (+3, +6, +9, +12, and +15 d) of a 3-wk treatment with different doses of rhGH (0.09 IU.kg BW(-1).d(-1) for 6 or 3 d a week, i.e., the A and B trials, respectively) in seven well-trained subjects not involved in competitive sports. The blood collections pre- and during treatment were performed immediately before the daily rhGH dose. RESULTS: In both trials, significant increases of @entity442 (higher in the A trial) and @entity2301 serum concentrations during rhGH administration were observed. Serum @entity2301 remained significantly increased in the A trial 3 d after treatment cessation. In the A trial only, two subjects had IFG-I concentrations exceeding the upper limit of the reference range. No modifications of serum @entity2124 , @entity10513 and @entity442 / @entity10513 , and @entity2301 / @entity10513 ratios were observed. The z-score evaluation for @entity2301 detected @entity2124 exposure in 100% of subjects only at end treatment in A trial. CONCLUSION: Although @entity442 and @entity2301 seem potentially the most specific markers of rhGH assumption, our data suggest that for antidoping purposes a single evaluation of their absolute serum concentration is not a sufficiently secure method to detect rhGH abuse in all subjects, especially in the case of low rhGH doses.

title: XXXX , IGFBP-2, and -3: do they have a role in detecting rhGH abuse in trained @entity1 ?

entities_list: @entity10513 :: ('3485', 'Gene') :: ['IGFBP-2', 'IGF binding protein (BP)-2']

answer: @entity442 :: (3479,Gene) :: ['IGF-I']


abstract: We present and compare the clinical features and outcomes of 12 @entity1 with primary @entity1962 (ADS- @entity201 ) of the liver who underwent hepatic resection at our institution with those of 29 cases whose surgical treatment were reported in the literature. @entity1897 ( @entity201 ) occurs @entity157 in most parts of the world. Reports of surgically treated cases of ADS- @entity201 are seen only sporadically because of the low resectability rate, difficulty in making an early diagnosis, and the poor prognosis. Furthermore, a clinicopathological study based on a certain number of surgically treated cases is still lacking. From 1977 to 2001, 12 cases of hepatic ADS- @entity201 who underwent hepatic resection were reviewed in respect to clinical features and long-term results. The clinical features and outcomes of the 29 @entity1 who underwent hepatic resection reported in the literature are also summarized for comparison. Of 228 surgically treated @entity201 @entity1 in our institute, 12 (5.3%) were ADS- @entity201 . A male predominance was observed in our study and in the reported cases. In our series, prominent body @entity353 and prominent relationship to hepatolithiasis were observed. The prognosis is dismal in @entity1 with ADS- @entity201 who undergo hepatic resection; however, there was no significant difference in overall survival between the ADS- @entity201 and @entity201 groups. In our series, the 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates of ADS- @entity201 and @entity201 @entity1 were 18.8%, 0%, and 0% and 32.8%, 14.8%, and 9.5%, respectively. ADS- @entity201 is prominently related to body @entity353 and hepatolithiasis in our series compared with the reported cases. The prognosis of @entity1 with ADS- @entity201 who undergo hepatic resection is dismal because of the specific biological behavior of ADS- @entity201 .

title: @entity1962 of the liver: clinicopathologic features in 12 XXXX and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['Peripheral cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['less frequently than hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1962 :: ('MESH:D018196', 'Disease') :: ['adenosquamous carcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Metastatic or non-resectable (stage IV) @entity788 has a rapidly fatal outcome (median survival: 3-6 months), thus making gene therapy a viable therapeutic option. The objectives of the clinical studies are to evaluate the safety/ @entity137 and potential anti- @entity5 response/efficacy of intravenous (i.v.) infusions of a 'pathotropic' retroviral vector bearing a cytocidal gene construct (Rexin-G) as a gene transfer intervention for stage IV @entity788 . An intra- @entity1 dose escalation regimen was used wherein increasing doses of Rexin-G were given i.v. daily for 8-10 days. Completion of this regimen was followed by a one-week evaluation period for @entity137 , after which, the maximum tolerated dose of Rexin-G was administered for another 8-10 days. In a second protocol, i.v. Rexin-G was administered frontline for 6 days followed by 8 doses of weekly @entity136 . The NIH Common @entity137 Criteria Vs.2 was used to assess @entity137 , and the NCI-RECIST criteria and @entity5 volume measurements were used to evaluate potential anti- @entity5 responses. We report the results of the first 3 @entity1 that participated in the studies. Rexin-G arrested @entity5 growth in 3 of 3 @entity1 without experiencing dose-limiting @entity137 . No @entity236 , significant alterations in @entity8 , @entity390 and @entity391 , @entity33 or hair loss were observed. Two @entity1 are alive with stable disease approximately 5 and 14 months from diagnosis, and 1 @entity1 is alive with progressive disease 20 months from diagnosis. The encouraging results of this first clinical experience will guide the design and planning of phase I/II clinical trials to establish the safety and efficacy of Rexin-G as the first targeted injectable gene therapy vector for stage IV @entity788 .

title: First clinical experience using a 'pathotropic' injectable retroviral vector (Rexin-G) as intervention for stage IV XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['liver and kidney function']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow suppression']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: Between 1983 and 1922 70 @entity1 of the author's institution underwent valve replacement for @entity3555 . In 22 cases the source of @entity281 could be identified. Among them the most frequent source of @entity281 was dental manipulation (7 @entity1 ). The predominating causative microorganism was Streptococcus viridans followed by @entity794 . Preoperative complications, the intraoperative finding of extensive destructions, and the histological finding of acute changes influenced significantly the occurrence of perioperative complications. 20 @entity1 died (28.6% overall mortality), there were 9 perioperative @entity204 (perioperative survival 87.1%). The one-year survival was 73.8% the five-year survival 61.5%. Significant risk factors for the prognosis were @entity532 , positive bacteriological result of the analyzed resected valves, perioperative complications, duration of the postoperative antibiotic treatment, and the postoperative NYHA functional class. Therefore one should intervene surgically before @entity532 appear. Perioperative complications must by treated immediately, and an adequate postoperative antibiotic therapy must be guaranteed.

title: Early and late prognosis following valve replacement for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['preoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3555 :: ('MESH:D004697', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial endocarditis of native valves']

answer: @entity3555 :: (MESH:D004697,Disease) :: ['bacterial endocarditis of the native valve']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity148 sensitivity is associated with smoking processes and poorer clinical outcomes. Yet, the specific mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. Smoking-specific avoidance and inflexibility ( @entity1984 ) is a construct implicated in multiple manifestations of mood regulation that may underlie smoking severity. The current study examined whether @entity1984 accounted for (ie, statistically mediated) the relationship between @entity148 sensitivity and multiple indices of smoking severity. METHODS: Baseline self-report data were collected among treatment-seeking smokers (N   =   396; 48% female; Mage    =   37.8 years) taking part in a larger intervention study. Gender, smoking-related medical history, @entity2270 I diagnoses, hazardous @entity167 use, substance abuse/dependence, and negative affectivity were statistically controlled in analyses. RESULTS: @entity148 sensitivity was indirectly related to all smoking severity variables, with the exception of @entity1239 dependence, through its relation with @entity1984 . DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide initial evidence suggesting @entity1984 may be an important construct in better understanding @entity148 sensitivity-smoking relations. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: Results suggest the importance of @entity1984 as a malleable target for smoking cessation intervention. (Am J Addict 2015;9999:1-8).

title: Examination of smoking inflexibility as a mechanism linking XXXX sensitivity and severity of smoking behavior.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: AIM: To determine the visual outcome and factors influencing visual outcome after @entity231 surgery in an urban charity hospital in Pakistan. METHODS: A series of selected outpatients were examined who had undergone @entity231 surgery in the preceding 24 months. RESULTS: 181 @entity1 aged 45-82 years were examined. The type of @entity231 operations they had had were extracapsular @entity231 extraction (ECCE) only in 50% (91), phacoemulsification (phaco) only in 11% (20), ECCE with @entity2790 ( @entity2790 ) in 17% (31), and phaco with @entity2790 in 22% (39). At presentation, 49.7% (90) had poor functional vision; after refraction 68% (123) had a good visual outcome. Functional vision in eyes undergoing ECCE with @entity2790 was good in 77% (22) and with phaco with @entity2790 in 71.8% (28). After refraction a higher proportion of eyes with @entity2790 surgery (93%) had a good outcome than those with non- @entity2790 surgery (53%). Uncorrected @entity2516 , present in 75.5% (68), was the commonest cause of poor functional vision. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that it is possible to obtain good results with @entity2790 surgery in the developing world. Increasing @entity231 surgery with @entity2790 implantation should reduce the number of eyes with poor functional vision after @entity231 surgery. More attention should be directed towards ensuring that successful outcomes are indeed being realised by continued visual monitoring postoperatively.

title: Visual outcome after high volume XXXX surgery in Pakistan.

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive error']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['IOL', 'intraocular lens']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: @entity1 affected with early stage (IA-IB) @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ), deemed medically inoperable, are usually treated by conventional 3D-CRT, with poor results in terms of @entity5 control and survival. Hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) appears to be a valid alternative option, with high rates of local control and promising survival rates according to recent reported series. We herein report the final results of a prospective phase II trial of SBRT in 62 stage I @entity1149 @entity1 , homogeneously treated with three fractions of 15Gy each, given every other day during a 1 week time, up to a total dose of 45Gy; dose was prescribed to the 80%-isodose encompassing planning target volume. @entity1 were immobilized in a dedicated stereotactic body frame; margins around gross @entity5 volume were 5mm in the axial plane and 10mm in the longitudinal direction. Median age was 73.7 years. A pathologic confirmation of @entity1149 was obtained in 64.5% of @entity1 . Forty-three @entity1 had stage IA and 19 stage IB disease. The majority of @entity1 did not experience any @entity137 ; mild skin reactions, fatigue, @entity1353 /cough or transient @entity158 were recorded in approximately 10% of @entity1 . With a median follow-up time of 28 months, 2 @entity1 experienced an isolated local relapse, 4 an isolated nodal relapse and 15 a systemic failure. At 3 years, local control rate was 87.8%, @entity5 .5%, overall survival 57.1%, with 8 out of 20 non- @entity5 related @entity204 . In multivariate analysis, @entity5 volume was associated with a better outcome. In our series, SBRT was well tolerated and confirmed its efficacy, with local control and survival rates globally superior to those reported using conventional radiotherapy. A longer follow-up is needed in order to establish a correct comparison with surgical series, and to fully ascertain a potential negative impact of SBRT on comorbidities of such a fragile @entity1 population.

title: Stereotactic body radiation therapy for early stage XXXX : results of a prospective trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer-specific survival 72', 'local tumour', 'cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic pain']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: Between 1983 and 1986, a multicenter randomized study was conducted to compare a sequential program of induction chemotherapy (CT) followed by radiotherapy (RT), Arm A, with an alternation of 4 cycles of CT with 3 courses of RT (20 Gy/10 fractions up to a total dose of 60 Gy), Arm B, in advanced @entity135 @entity1 . The same CT (VBM: @entity5713 , @entity1732 , @entity1499 ) was used on both arms; one hundred and sixteen @entity1 (pts) entered the study, 55 in Arm A, 61 in Arm B. Fourty-five pts had stage III and 71 stage IV @entity5 . The two arms are fully comparable. Up to October 1987, 116 pts are evaluable for survival, while 112 are evaluable for @entity137 and 105 for response. In 21 @entity1 (10 in Arm A, 11 in B) the association CT-RT was followed by surgery. Response analysis shows 14 complete responses in Arm A and 30 in Arm B (p less than or equal to 0.03). The median disease-free survival and median overall survival are also statistically different, with an advantage for Arm B (33 vs 22 weeks, p less than or equal to 0.0007, and 59 vs 38 weeks, p less than 0.03 respectively). The actuarial overall survival of complete responders at 50 months is 43% (B) and 21% (A). @entity137 (mainly stage III-IV @entity33 ) is superior in Arm B (30% vs 4%). Our experience demonstrates the advantages of alternate over sequential CT-RT. A comparison of this cyclic association with RT alone is in progress.

title: [Sequential or alternate chemo-radiotherapy in the treatment of advanced XXXX . Results of a randomized study].

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['Bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['Methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['Vinblastine']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck tumors']


abstract: The @entity1 (TAL), a chronic asymptomatic @entity97 carrier with HBsAg-anti-HBsAg circulating immune complexes, was admitted to our hospital because of a @entity1985 due to @entity12042 . There was no family history of @entity14756 . Recurrent @entity4841 , @entity1395 , and @entity353 were the prominent clinical features. Laboratory test results showing that severe chronic inflammatory activity had been present for 6 years. @entity650 ( @entity650 ) serum concentration was 10 times normal and @entity1851 was 1.9 mg/ml. A complex immunological picture was also present (immune complex formation, exuberant B-cell reactivity, and decrease in the number of CD4 T cells). A localized form of @entity12692 ( @entity12692 ) (plasma-cell type) was diagnosed by surgical excision of a giant axillary lymph node. AA amyloid was present in the blood vessels. Within 60 days after excision of the mass, the systemic symptoms subsided, laboratory signs of inflammatory activity disappeared and @entity650 serum concentration returned to normal, thus establishing a causal relationship between the localized @entity12692 , elevated @entity650 concentration and the @entity32 responsible for @entity2783 . At 10 months of follow-up, the @entity1985 has reversed, kidney function has slowly ameliorated, and the @entity1 has gained 12 kg. Abdominal fat aspirates drawn to search for amyloid, positive before surgery, were subsequently negative. The latter finding, and the remission of the @entity1985 , provided strong evidence for regression of the @entity527 . However, the HBsAg-anti-HBsAg immune complexes and @entity308 of T-helper cell activity persist. This immunological derangement is therefore not a consequence of @entity12692 . Chronic stimulation of the immune system due to the @entity1 's inability to eliminate @entity97 , in the contest of perturbed immunity, may have favored the genesis of the lymphadenopathy.

title: Reversal of @entity1985 due to reactive amyloidosis (AA-type) after excision of localized XXXX .

entities_list: @entity12042 :: ('MESH:C538249', 'Disease') :: ['renal amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['AA amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid deposits']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity12692 :: ('MESH:D005871', 'Disease') :: ["Castleman's disease", 'CD']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgias']

entities_list: @entity14756 :: ('MESH:D028226', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary amyloidosis']

answer: @entity12692 :: (MESH:D005871,Disease) :: ['Castleman's disease']


abstract: We developed highly reliable co-dominant SCAR markers linked to the Frl gene. FORL testing is difficult. The marker is expected to be quickly adapted for MAS by @entity523 breeders. @entity4278 @entity10327 . radicis-lycopersici causes Fusarium crown and root rot (FCR), an economically important soil-borne disease of @entity523 . The resistance against FCR is conferred by a single dominant gene (Frl) located on chromosome 9. The aim of this study was to develop molecular markers linked to the Frl gene for use in marker-assisted breeding (MAS) programs. The FCR-resistant 'Fla. 7781' and susceptible 'B560' lines were crossed, and F1 was both selfed and backcrossed to 'B560' to generate segregating F2 and BC1 populations. The two conserved set II (COSII) markers were found linked to the Frl gene, one co-segregated with FCR resistance in both F2 and BC1 populations and the other was 8.5 cM away. Both COSII markers were converted into co-dominant SCAR markers. SCARFrl marker produced a 950 and a 1000 bp fragments for resistant and susceptible alleles, respectively. The linkage of SCARFrl marker was confirmed in BC2F3 populations developed by backcrossing the resistant 'Fla. 7781' to five different susceptible lines. The SCARFrl marker has been in use in the @entity523 breeding programs in BATEM, Antalya, @entity233 , since 2012 and has proved highly reliable. The SCARFrl marker is expected to aid in the development of FCR-resistant lines via marker-assisted selection (MAS).

title: Development of co-dominant SCAR markers linked to resistant gene against the @entity4278 XXXX . radicis-lycopersici.

entities_list: @entity4278 :: ('5507', 'Species') :: ['Fusarium oxysporum']

answer: @entity10327 :: (239,Species) :: ['f. sp']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This is a review of studies with two agents, @entity1160 and @entity52379 , which have been found to enhance recovery of cellular @entity855 ( @entity855 ) and @entity857 after @entity548 . METHODS: The studies used a sublethal (30 minutes) reservoir shock model in 300- to 350-g, male, @entity35 , using either @entity3652 - @entity4763 or @entity5161 anesthesia. @entity1160 was given as a 3% (21 mmol/L) solution in Ringer's @entity880 (630 mg/kg). @entity52379 was given as a 500 nmol/L solution in Ringer's @entity880 (2 mg/kg). RESULTS: Both @entity1160 and @entity52379 caused recovery of @entity855 to baseline levels (9.0 micromol/g) within 60 to 120 minutes after resuscitation. @entity3624 levels returned more rapidly to baseline (0.1 micromol/g). Both agents prevented the elevation in apoptosis seen in controls at 24 and 48 hours. CONCLUSION: @entity1160 is a metabolic substrate and a precursor of @entity855 synthesis. @entity52379 enhances @entity26 diffusivity in plasma. Both agents restore cellular energy stores to normal after @entity548 and produce a marked diminution in the extent of apoptosis postshock. Their mechanism of action probably involves prevention of @entity2383 .

title: Cellular energetics in @entity548 : restoring XXXX to the cells.

entities_list: @entity52379 :: ('MESH:C010561', 'Chemical') :: ['crocetin', 'Crocetin']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic shock']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['Glutamine', 'glutamine']

entities_list: @entity3624 :: ('MESH:D019820', 'Chemical') :: ['Xanthine']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity4763 :: ('MESH:D014991', 'Chemical') :: ['xylazine']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity857 :: ('MESH:D000244', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity855 :: ('MESH:D000255', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine triphosphate', 'ATP']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial damage']

answer: @entity855 :: (MESH:D000255,Chemical) :: ['adenosine triphosphate']


abstract: PURPOSE: Although diseases of the lower gastrointestinal tract are common in @entity1 with @entity191 , there is a paucity of data regarding postoperative outcomes after colorectal surgery. METHODS: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database (2007-2011) was utilized to analyze outcomes in @entity1 with @entity191 ( @entity191 ) undergoing colorectal surgery. Main outcomes were risk-adjusted inpatient morbidity, mortality, hospital charge, and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: A total of 6490 @entity1 were identified. Utilization of laparoscopic surgery in @entity191 @entity1 has progressively increased in frequency over the latest 5  years analyzed. The most common diagnoses were @entity14 (39  %) and @entity1321 (20  %). Right hemicolectomy (37  %) and sigmoidectomy (30  %) were the most common operations. Laparoscopy was used in 18  % of @entity191 @entity1 and most commonly in the elective setting. 54.3  % of @entity191 @entity1 had emergency surgery compared to 38.6  % in @entity191 . Overall morbidity and mortality were significantly lower after laparoscopic surgery compared to open (20 vs. 25  % and 2.1 vs. 6.6  %, respectively). Length of stay was significantly shorter (OR -1.86; p   <   0.01) for laparoscopic operations, but there were no significant differences in risk-adjusted outcomes between laparoscopic and open groups. CONCLUSION: @entity191 @entity1 have high rates of morbidity and mortality after colorectal surgery; this may be because more than half of all @entity1 in this population undergo emergent surgery. The laparoscopic approach appears to have short-term benefits in this @entity1 population.

title: Colorectal surgery in XXXX -outcomes and predictors of mortality.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal malignancy']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", "non-Parkinson's", "Parkinson's", 'PD']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: During a haemodialysis (HD), because of the contact of blood with the surface of the dialyser, the immune system becomes activated and reactive @entity26 species (ROS) are released into plasma. Particularly exposed to the ROS are lipids and proteins contained in plasma, which undergo peroxidation. The main breakdown product of oxidized lipids is the @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ). A common method for measuring the concentration of @entity1865 is a @entity4466 reactive substances (TBARS) method. Despite the formation of @entity1865 in plasma during HD, its concentration decreases because it is removed from the blood in the dialyser. Therefore, this research proposes the Fourier Transform Infrared Attenuated Total Reflectance ( @entity71859 ) spectroscopy, which enables determination of primary peroxidation products. We examined the influence of the amount of @entity273 added to lipid suspension that was earlier extracted from plasma specimen on lipid peroxidation with use of TBARS and @entity71859 methods. Linear correlation between these methods was shown. The proposed method was effective during the evaluation of changes in the extent of lipid peroxidation in plasma during a haemodialysis in @entity742 . A measurement using the @entity71859 showed an increase in plasma lipid peroxidation after 15 and 240 minutes of treatment, while the TBARS concentration was respectively lower.

title: Application of XXXX Spectroscopy to Determine the Extent of Lipid Peroxidation in Plasma during Haemodialysis.

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity4466 :: ('MESH:C029684', 'Chemical') :: ['thiobarbituric acid']

answer: @entity71859 :: (101106566,Gene) :: ['FTIR-ATR']


abstract: @entity699 attributable to hypersecretion of ACTH by a @entity977 is an uncommon and progressively lethal disease. Because of its rarity, it has been difficult to collect a large series of @entity1 in order to identify the prognostic factors influencing the outcome after transsphenoidal surgery. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective analysis of the early and late results of surgical treatment of @entity699 . Files of @entity1 with @entity699 who underwent transsphenoidal surgery between 1975 and 1990 were collected from 25 institutions throughout Europe. Data from 668 of 716 @entity1 were suitable for statistical analyses. Surgical mortality was 1.9%, and major morbidity occurred in 97 @entity1 (14.5%). Clinical and biochemical remission of @entity699 after surgery occurred in 510 cases (76.3%). Identification of the @entity5 by neuroradiological imaging or at operation with histopathological corroboration was associated with remission of @entity699 . Recurrence of the disease occurred in 65 (12.7%) of 510 @entity1 in remission after surgery at a mean time of 39.3 months (range 6-104 months). The distribution of the recurrences did not show any apparent plateau or cluster throughout the follow-up period. Low postoperative @entity134 levels, absence of @entity701 response to @entity6192 , and the need for long-term glucocorticoid substitution therapy were all associated with a high probability of long-term remission. Our study demonstrates that transsphenoidal surgery is a safe and effective treatment for @entity1 with @entity699 . However, after successful surgery there is a steady increase in the percentage of recurrences, which continues with time. @entity1 who after operation had @entity509 and needed long-term glucocorticoid substitution therapy had the lowest risk of relapse.

title: Factors influencing the immediate and late outcome of @entity699 treated by transsphenoidal surgery: a retrospective study by the European XXXX Survey Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ['Hypercortisolism', "Cushing's disease", 'hypercortisolism']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['hypoadrenocorticism']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenoma']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

answer: @entity699 :: (MESH:D003480,Disease) :: ['Cushing's Disease']


abstract: A series of 55 @entity1 treated with posterior Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation and osteosynthesis for unstable thoracolumbar spine @entity174 were reviewed. Follow-up averaged 48.3 months. The @entity174 were all unstable, with 27 classified as @entity174 ( @entity174 ) and 28 classified as flexion compression injuries or unstable @entity174 (FC/B). The study population was composed of 29 @entity1 and 26 @entity1 with an average age of 31 (range 20-45) years. Mechanisms of injuries included 35 motor vehicle accidents, 19 falls, and one blunt @entity130 . No case worsened as a result of surgery, and 31% of the cases improved an average of 0.5 Frankel grade (range 0-2). Sixty percent of @entity1 were braced with a custom molded thoracolumbosacral orthosis (TLSO) fitted after surgical stabilization. Minor complications occurred in 45% of the cases ( @entity293 most common). There was a singular deep wound @entity281 and another iliac crest donor site @entity281 . There were no instrument failures or @entity1516 . Radiographic analysis showed the following improvements in @entity3814 , and @entity174 . The pattern of radiographic improvement in the @entity174 and FC/B subgroups showed significant improvement in each parameter when comparing preoperative to immediate postoperative values. Of importance, the radiographic findings comparing 1 month to the final follow-up showed little to no deterioration. Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation proved to be a highly effective device for immediate restabilization of unstable thoracolumbar injuries.

title: Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation and thoracolumbar spine XXXX : a review of 55 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture-dislocations', 'burst fractures', 'fracture displacement', 'FD']

entities_list: @entity3814 :: ('MESH:D050815', 'Disease') :: ['fracture angle, vertebral body compression']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

entities_list: @entity1516 :: ('MESH:D011542', 'Disease') :: ['pseudarthroses']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Conventional high-grade @entity421 is the most common primary @entity79 , with relatively high incidence in young @entity1 . In this study we found that expression of @entity71665 correlates inversely with @entity3 -free survival in @entity421 @entity1 and is increased in @entity3 compared to primary @entity5 . @entity71665 is an adaptor protein that has been implicated in anti-apoptotic signalling and serves as an oncoprotein in @entity981 . In @entity421 cells, silencing @entity71665 triggered G2 cell-cycle arrest; @entity23902 protein levels were attenuated and @entity15126 - @entity23902 DNA damage response signalling in response to chemotherapy was abolished in @entity71665 -depleted @entity421 cells, while ATM, @entity9516 and @entity876 activation remained intact. @entity421 is notoriously difficult to treat with standard chemotherapy, and we examined whether pharmacological inhibition of the @entity71665 -controlled @entity15126 - @entity23902 response could sensitize @entity421 cells to genotoxic compounds. Indeed, pharmacological inhibitors targeting @entity23902 / @entity9516 or those selective for @entity23902 synergized with standard chemotherapy in 2D cultures. Likewise, in 3D extracellular matrix-embedded cultures, @entity23902 inhibition led to effective sensitization to chemotherapy. Together, these findings implicate @entity71665 in @entity15126 - @entity23902 signalling and point towards @entity23902 inhibition as a strategy to sensitize @entity1 @entity421 to chemotherapy. Copyright    2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: XXXX -mediated checkpoint kinase control regulates proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy in @entity421 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcomas', 'Osteosarcoma', 'osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity71665 :: (57099,Gene) :: ['Aven']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoluminal repair of thoracic aortic pathology has become established in clinical practice, but is associated with significant @entity16 . The aim of this study was to identify factors that were predictive of @entity64 and @entity451 . METHODS: Prospective data was collected for a cohort of 293 consecutive @entity1 having thoracic aortic endovascular repair between August 1997 and September 2009. @entity1 and procedural characteristics were related to the incidence of @entity64 and @entity451 using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The median age was 68 years (18-87), there were 191 @entity1 and 102 @entity1 . Mortality was 5.1% for 195 elective and 13.4% for 98 urgent @entity1 . @entity64 affected 16 (5.5%) @entity1 : 11 affected the anterior and 5 the posterior circulation. Coverage of the left subclavian artery with no revascularisation was the only significant factor predictive of @entity64 (OR 5.34 (1.42-20.40) P = 0.01). @entity451 affected 16 @entity1 (5.5%) but no independent risk factor was identified: 12 were identified perioperatively and 4 were delayed by up to 6 months. CONCLUSION: Covering the left subclavian artery without revascularisation increases the risk of @entity64 following endoluminal repair of thoracic pathology. @entity451 appears to be more complex and no independent precipitating factor was identified.

title: Predictors of XXXX and @entity451 in thoracic aortic endovascular intervention.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['Paraplegia', 'paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with positron emission tomography (PET) has advantages over single-photon emission computerized tomography, particularly for @entity1 . This investigation was undertaken to define the prognosis of a normal stress PET MPI study in @entity1 . METHODS: The cohort comprised 457 @entity1 evaluated for suspected @entity453 ( @entity453 ) who had normal pharmacologic stress (82)Rb PET MPI. No @entity1 had clinically evident @entity453 . Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to determine @entity204 and initial nonfatal cardiac event rates over 7 years. Log rank tests were used to assess the relationship between baseline cardiac risk and events during follow-up, and to contrast survival in the cohort with age- and gender-matched US census comparators. RESULTS: During follow-up, there were 11 deaths (all nonischemic), 3 nonfatal @entity583 , 3 percutaneous coronary interventions and 1 coronary artery bypass operation. Average risks of @entity204 and initial nonfatal @entity299 were 0.72 and 0.47% per year, respectively. @entity299 were associated with a history of @entity6 (p < 0.0003) and a family history of @entity453 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: A normal cardiac PET study is associated with a very low rate of future @entity299 . @entity1 with @entity6 and a strong family history of @entity453 are more likely to sustain events and require close surveillance for the development of @entity301 .

title: Prognosis of a normal positron emission tomography 82Rb myocardial perfusion imaging study in @entity1 with no history of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarctions']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events', 'Cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary disease']


abstract: @entity630 cell activation and cytokine production shift the balance between @entity630 and @entity61 , favoring the up-regulation of proinflammatory activity that leads to destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells in type 1 @entity6 . @entity61 -type cytokines, such as @entity1618 , have immune regulatory function. Administration of @entity1618 , or @entity1618 gene transfer, prevents @entity12011 in nonobese @entity6 (NOD) @entity19 . However, constant administration of purified @entity13358 is not practical for long-term therapy to prevent @entity6 . In this study, we transferred the BCRF-1 gene, an open reading frame in the @entity2025 with remarkable homology to @entity19 @entity1618 (viral @entity1618 or vIL-10), by an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector to NOD @entity19 to attain sustained vIL-10 gene expression. Like endogenous @entity19 @entity1618 , vIL-10 has potent immunoregulatory and immunosuppressive functions, but can be specifically distinguished from endogenous @entity19 @entity1618 for monitoring of the transgene expression. A single systemic administration of AAV vIL-10 significantly @entity146 and prevented @entity6 development in NOD @entity19 . This protective effect correlated with sustained transgene expression and protein production. Moreover, splenocytes from the treated @entity19 blocked @entity6 transfer to NOD recipients, suggesting that vIL-10 induces an active suppression of @entity792 . This study provides evidence to support the possibility of using vIL-10 gene therapy to prevent type 1 @entity6 .

title: Suppression of @entity12011 by viral XXXX gene transfer.

entities_list: @entity12011 :: ('MESH:C565730', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diabetes']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['reduced insulitis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity']

entities_list: @entity2025 :: ('MESH:D020031', 'Disease') :: ['Epstein-Barr viral genome']

answer: @entity1618 :: (16153(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IL-10']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Type 2 @entity6 is associated with accelerated @entity731 . Because cell-derived microparticles support coagulation and @entity32 , they may be involved in atherogenesis. We characterized circulating microparticles both in @entity1 with uncomplicated, well-regulated type 2 @entity6 and in healthy subjects, as well as their relationship with coagulation and metabolic control. METHODS AND RESULTS: Microparticles were isolated from plasma, stained with @entity4404 , cell-specific monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) and a MoAb directed against tissue factor (TF), and analyzed by flow cytometry. Microparticle numbers and origin were comparable in the two groups, but the median number of TF-positive microparticles was twice as high in @entity1 than in controls (P=0.018). @entity1 had higher percentages of TF-positive microparticles from T-helper cells (P=0.045), granulocytes (P=0.004), and platelets (P=0.002). Subpopulations of TF-positive microparticles from platelets and T-helper cells exposed granulocytic markers. Correlations were found between the numbers of various TF-positive microparticle subpopulations and body mass index, fasting plasma @entity413 and insulin, or @entity5 necrosis factor-alpha and serum HDL @entity165 . Microparticles from @entity1 generated less thrombin in vitro (P=0.007). Microparticle numbers did not correlate with in vivo coagulation markers prothrombin fragment F(1+2) and thrombin-antithrombin complexes. CONCLUSIONS: TF, possibly of granulocytic origin, is exposed on microparticle subpopulations in asymptomatic @entity1 with well-regulated type 2 @entity6 . TF-positive microparticles are associated with components of the @entity209 but not with coagulation. Thus, TF on microparticles may be involved in processes other than coagulation, including transcellular signaling or angiogenesis.

title: Elevated numbers of tissue-factor exposing microparticles correlate with components of the XXXX in @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['metabolic syndrome']


abstract: Persistent @entity1534 colonization in the stomach induces @entity3621 and peptic ulcer and interferes with @entity1066 . Most strains of @entity1534 produce a cytotoxin, VacA, that induces cytoplasmic vacuolation in epithelial cells with structural and functional changes, leading to @entity1819 . VacA is known to cause cell death by @entity2383 . We hypothesized that VacA might disrupt other signaling pathways; to that end, we examined the effects of VacA on MAPKs to elucidate their role in the abnormalities seen in VacA-treated cells. VacA stimulated phosphorylation of p38 and Erk1/2, but not JNK, in AZ-521 cells. Both phosphorylation and kinase activation of p38 were maximal 10-30 min after addition of VacA and declined thereafter. Treatment with anti-VacA antibody or the p38 inhibitor @entity1441 blocked p38 phosphorylation caused by VacA and inhibited VacA-induced phosphorylation of activating transcription factor 2 (ATF-2), which is implicated in transcriptional control of stress-responsive genes. These data indicate that VacA stimulates a p38/ATF-2-mediated signal pathway. However, 10 microM @entity1441 , which is sufficient to decrease p38 phosphorylation, did not inhibit VacA-induced cellular vacuolation, decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, or cytochrome c release from mitochondria. These results suggest that VacA-induced activation of p38/ATF-2-mediated signal pathway is independent of cellular vacuolation, decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, or cytochrome c release from mitochondria caused by VacA. The cytotoxin may thus act independently on several cellular targets, leading to disruption of signaling, regulatory, and metabolic pathways.

title: XXXX VacA activates the p38/activating transcription factor 2-mediated signal pathway in AZ-521 cells.

entities_list: @entity1819 :: ('MESH:D013272', 'Disease') :: ['gastric injury']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer healing']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['gastritis']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial damage']

answer: @entity1534 :: (210,Species) :: ['Helicobacter pylori']


abstract: Clinical evidence suggests some lack of cross resistance between @entity1891 (VCR) and @entity7324 (VDS). To investigate this phenomenon experimentally, drug-resistant L5178Y lymphoblast cell lines have been derived in vitro. These lines, under conditions of continuous drug exposure, exhibit a 50-fold order of resistance. Resistance appears due, at least in part, to impaired cellular drug accumulation and retention. Exposure of these resistant cells to VCR or VDS for 24 h showed that the presence or absence of cross resistance was dose-dependent, being most noticeable at low concentrations (less than 0.5 ng/ml) and absent at higher drug levels. Cross resistance also showed some dose-dependency for @entity5713 and @entity71262 , but this was not seen with other drugs. Marked and complete cross resistance at all concentrations tested was noted with @entity632 and @entity1259 in both resistant lines, which, however, retained the same sensitivities as the parent line to @entity2663 , @entity2879 , @entity1487 , and @entity1499 . Responses to @entity4316 and mAMSA differed in these two resistant lines. VDS-resistant cells exhibited cross resistance to both drugs, whilst VCR-resistant cells showed only slight resistance to @entity4316 whilst retaining full sensitivity mAMSA. This observation that cross resistance between VCR and VDS is not invariable in vitro appears to reflect clinical experience.

title: Establishment of @entity1891 -resistant and XXXX -resistant lines of murine lymphoblasts in vitro and characterisation of their patterns of cross-resistance and drug sensitivities.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity7324 :: ('MESH:D014751', 'Chemical') :: ['vindesine']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ["4'-epiadriamycin"]

entities_list: @entity4316 :: ('MESH:D003609', 'Chemical') :: ['actinomycin D']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity71262 :: ('MESH:C016463', 'Chemical') :: ['formyl-leurosine']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity7324 :: (MESH:D014751,Chemical) :: ['vindesine']


abstract: AIMS: Kv7 voltage-gated @entity972 channels have been suggested to modulate mechano-afferent transduction and nociception in the bladder. We investigated the effects of @entity14216 , a Kv7 channel activator, on @entity1494 ( @entity1494 ), and single-unit afferent activities (SAAs) of the primary bladder mechanosensitive afferent nerve fibers in @entity4774 -anesthetized @entity35 . In addition, the effects of pretreatment with @entity14216 on the @entity146 provoked by an intravesical instillation of resiniferatoxin (RTX) were evaluated in the conscious condition. METHODS: Female @entity35 were used. Under @entity4774 anesthesia, saline was instilled into the bladder until @entity1494 were induced reproducibly. Then, the effects of intravenous, cumulative administrations of @entity14216 (0.1-3   mg/kg) or vehicle (saline) on @entity1494 were assessed. In separate animals, SAAs of A  - and C-fibers were identified by electrical stimulation of the pelvic nerve and by @entity1494 with saline. After baseline recording, vehicle or @entity14216 (0.01-1   mg/kg) was administered intravenously and further recordings were performed. Under pretreatment with vehicle or @entity14216 (3   mg/kg intraperitoneally), the frequencies of lower abdominal licking and freezing were counted and scored as the bladder @entity146 induced by intravesical RTX instillation (3     M, 0.3   ml). RESULTS: @entity14216 dose-dependently decreased both the frequency and the amplitude of @entity1494 and SAAs of both A  - and C-fibers. The effect on @entity1494 was more potent on the frequency than the amplitude. @entity14216 inhibited the RTX-induced abdominal licking, but not freezing. CONCLUSION: Kv7 channels are likely to be implicated in inhibition of bladder mechano- and nociceptive sensory transduction. Neurourol. Urodynam.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Inhibitory effects of @entity14216 , a Kv7 channel activator, on mechanosensitive primary bladder afferent activities and @entity146 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['RBCs', 'bladder distention', 'rhythmic bladder contractions']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['nociceptive behaviors']

entities_list: @entity4774 :: ('MESH:D014520', 'Chemical') :: ['urethane']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity14216 :: ('MESH:C101866', 'Chemical') :: ['retigabine', 'Retigabine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the early-recurrence prediction value of preoperative alpha-1-fucosidase (AFU) for @entity157 ( @entity157 ) @entity1 undergoing curative resection. METHODS: A retrospective training set data from January to July, 2012 including 116 @entity1 and a prospective validation set from August 2012 to December 2012 including 68 @entity1 were used to validate the predictive value of preoperative AFU. Difference of recurrence rates between low and high AFU populations in all @entity157 or early- @entity157 subgroups were compared via Kaplan-Meier curves and Log-rank tests. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the recurrent prediction value of preoperative serum AFU. RESULTS: Based on retrospective training data, AFU = 25.00 U/L was set as the optimal cutoff point to stratify @entity157 @entity1 into high (>25.00 U/L) and low (  <= 25.00 U/L) groups. @entity1 with high preoperative AFU showed significant low @entity5 -free survival not only in whole @entity1 group (mean 12.50 months vs.not reached; P < 0.01) but also in early- @entity157 (mean 10.25 months vs.not reached, P < 0.01) and AFP negative subgroups (mean 13.20 months vs not reached, P < 0.01). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed the AFU was an independent predictor for @entity5 recurrence (OR = 1.72, 95%CI:1.00-2.96, P = 0.04). The prospective validation data confirmed the predictive value of preoperative AFU in @entity157 (OR = 2.22, 95%CI:0.67-7.37, P = 0.04). Furthermore, @entity1 with high preoperative AFU were prone to have bigger @entity5 and form vascular invasion. CONCLUSION: Preoperative AFU is a powerful prognostic indicator for @entity157 and 25.00 U/L might be an optimal recurrence prediction cutoff value for @entity1 in Zhongshan hospital.

title: [Preoperative serum a-1-fucosidase as an early-recurrent indicator for XXXX following curative resection].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Alternative methods for abdominal wall closure may be necessary after emergency laparotomy. The purpose of this study was to determine the morbidity and outcome of emergency fascial closure with @entity7502 mesh. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of all @entity1 undergoing emergency fascial closure with @entity7502 mesh from January 1990 to March 1994. RESULTS: Seventy @entity1 were identified. Indications for mesh placement included @entity4 (40), @entity39 (21), and planned reexploration (7). Enteric fistulas developed in five @entity1 (7.1%). When omentum was interposed between intestine and mesh, the incidence of @entity292 was significantly reduced (0 of 51 vs 5 of 19, p < 0.01). Forty-two @entity1 (60%) survived with wound closure, accomplished by skin flaps in 19 (45%), skin grafting in 11 (26%), and secondary healing in 6 (14%). The mesh was removed in six @entity1 (14%). Complications of mesh extrusion and @entity547 occurred less often after skin flap closure compared with skin grafting or secondary healing (1 of 19 vs 9 of 17, p < 0.01). No @entity281 occurred. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7502 mesh placement is an effective alternative for abdominal closure after emergency laparotomy, even when @entity295 is present. Fistulas associated with its use may be effectively eliminated by the interposition of omentum between bowel and mesh. Wound closure with full-thickness skin flaps is the preferred method for soft tissue coverage when mesh is used.

title: XXXX mesh closure after emergency laparotomy: morbidity and outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['intraabdominal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['infected/necrotic fascia']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['visceral edema']

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['Polypropylene', 'polypropylene']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['mesh infection']

answer: @entity7502 :: (MESH:D011126,Chemical) :: ['Polypropylene']


abstract: The routine workflow for @entity3 diagnostics includes biopsy processing by @entity406 fixation and paraffin embedding. It has been shown only recently that this kind of sample can be used for gene expression analysis with microarrays. To support this view, the authors conducted a microarray study using @entity406 -fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) core needle biopsies from @entity0 . Typically, for the 3'-biased chip type that was used, the probe sets interrogate sequences near the poly-A-tail of the transcripts, and this kind of probe turned out to be suitable to measure RNA levels in FFPE biopsies. For ER and @entity1722 , the authors observed strong correlations between RNA levels and protein expression (p = 0.000003 and p = 0.0022). ER and @entity1722 classification of the biopsies by the RNA levels was feasible with high sensitivity and specificity (AUROC = 0.93 and AUROC = 0.96). Furthermore, a signature of 346 genes was identified that correlated with ER and a signature of 528 genes that correlated with @entity1722 protein status. Many of these genes (ER: 63%) could be confirmed by analysis of gene expression data from frozen tissues. The findings support the notion that clinically relevant information can be gained from microarray analyses of FFPE @entity5 biopsies. This opens new opportunities for biomarker detection studies and the integration of microarrays into the workflow of @entity5 diagnostics.

title: Genome-wide gene expression profiling of XXXX -fixed paraffin-embedded @entity0 core biopsies using microarrays.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cancer']

answer: @entity406 :: (MESH:D005557,Chemical) :: ['formalin']


abstract: The efficacy of a combination of @entity786 and @entity900 in @entity1 with metastatic and recurrent @entity189 , was tested. Thirty @entity1 were included in the study. Initially, 27 @entity1 (90%) had received pelvic radiation and intracavitary boost and one @entity1 was additionally given paraaortic radiation. @entity900 was given at 75 mg/m2 followed by @entity786 at 750 mg/m2 on day 1 with three weekly intervals for a maximum of six cycles. All @entity1 received a median of four cycles of chemotherapy. The overall response rate for all eligible @entity1 was 20% (continuous @entity3432 , PR: 4 @entity1 ). Overall response rate and progressive response in @entity1 with relapse within the previous radiation field were 9.5% and 66.7%, respectively; while for @entity1 who had recurrent disease outside any irradiated area both were 44.4%. Eighteen @entity1 (60%) had early withdrawal from the planned schedule, which was due to @entity1 incompliance in seven @entity1 (23.3%), disease progression in ten (33.3%) and @entity204 after the first cycle in one @entity1 (3.3%). @entity417 was the most frequent @entity137 , necessiating 24 transfusions in nine @entity1 (30%). WHO grade 3 and 4 @entity137 were @entity417 : 13 (43.3%), @entity1210 : one (3.3%), @entity882 : two (6.6%), renal: one, emesis: nine (30.0%) @entity1 . The median survival duration for all eligible @entity1 was 11 months. Univariate analysis revealed that progressive response to chemotherapy was the only prognostic factor for survival (7.1 vs 16.8 months, p = 0.003). The combination of @entity900 and @entity786 did not appear to be more active than single agent @entity900 in this @entity1 group with a relatively poor prognosis. Further studies are required to determine a better therapeutic approach for @entity1 with relapsed @entity189 .

title: Efficacy of XXXX and @entity786 combination for recurrent and metastatic carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Anemia', 'anemia']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the cervix']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['early death']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['leucopenia']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: @entity1709 is localized hyperpigmentation over the forehead, upper lips, cheeks, and chin. In this study, evidence suggesting an association between @entity1669 and @entity1709 and the relationship of @entity1374 to the origin of @entity1709 is presented. A total of 108 nonpregnant @entity1 , aged 20-56 yr, were divided into 2 groups for the purpose of this study: 1) @entity1709 , 84 @entity1 ; 2) control group, 24 @entity1 from the Dermatology Clinic matched for age and sex. @entity1374 ( @entity1374 ) were sought in all subjects. TRH-TSH tests were performed in @entity1 with @entity1709 and in those @entity1 with @entity5651 and/or positive @entity1374 tests from the control group. Studies were completed with serum T4, T3, and antithyroglobulin antibody (TGHA) measurements in all @entity1 with @entity1374 . In @entity1 with @entity1709 , the frequency of @entity1374 (58.3%) was 4 times greater than in the control group. The @entity1374 -negative @entity1 had 1) @entity4510 (13.1%), 2) @entity195 (2.4%), and 3) TSH hyperresponse to TRH in nongoitrous @entity1 (10.7%). @entity1 with positive @entity1374 tests (32.1%) were divided into 2 subgroups. One comprised those @entity1 with an apparently normal thyroid gland and thyroid function (n = 7), while the other included all @entity1 with @entity5651 and/or subclinical @entity1375 (n = 20). Regarding the origin of the @entity1709 , it was found that 70% of @entity1 who developed @entity1709 during pregnancy or while using oral contraceptives had @entity1374 compared to 39.4% of @entity1 with idiopathic @entity1709 . Subjects from the control group had a 12.5% incidence of @entity1374 , and only 8.3% had positive @entity1374 . @entity172 , @entity1420 , or both could be the triggering factor in the development of @entity1709 in @entity1 who have a particular predisposition toward both @entity1709 and @entity1669 . @entity1 with idiopathic @entity1709 had a lower frequency of @entity1374 , suggesting that there may be different genetic patterns linked to @entity1669 . We conclude that there is a true association between @entity1669 and @entity1709 , mostly in @entity1 whose @entity1709 develops during pregnancy or after ingestion of oral contraceptive drugs.

title: Association of @entity1709 with XXXX and other @entity1374 and their relationship to the origin of the @entity1709 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['Estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity1669 :: ('MESH:D013967', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune thyroid disease', 'thyroid autoimmunity', 'autoimmune thyroid disorders']

entities_list: @entity1709 :: ('MESH:D008548', 'Disease') :: ['melasma', 'Melasma']

entities_list: @entity4510 :: ('OMIM:138800', 'Disease') :: ['simple goiter']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Plummer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['Microsomal thyroid autoantibodies', 'MCHA', 'thyroid abnormalities', 'thyroid disorders']

answer: @entity1669 :: (MESH:D013967,Disease) :: ['thyroid autoimmunity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study examined how changes in wildland firefighters' mood relate to cytokine and @entity701 levels in response to simulated physical firefighting work and sleep restriction. Firefighters completed 3  days of simulated wildfire suppression work separated by an 8-h (control condition; n  =  18) or 4-h sleep opportunity (sleep restriction condition; n  =  17) each night. Firefighters' mood was assessed daily using the Mood Scale II and Samn-Perelli fatigue scale. @entity1 also provided samples for the determination of salivary @entity701 and pro- ( @entity650 , @entity687 , @entity1356 , @entity310 ) and anti-inflammatory ( @entity3646 , @entity688 ) cytokine levels. An increase in the positive mood dimension Happiness was related to a rise in @entity687 and @entity310 in the sleep restriction condition. A rise in the positive mood dimension Activation among sleep restricted firefighters was also related to higher @entity650 levels. An increase in the negative mood dimension Fatigue in the sleep restriction condition was associated with increased @entity650 , @entity310 , @entity688 and @entity701 levels. In addition, an increase in Fear among sleep restricted firefighters was associated with a rise in @entity310 . Elevated positive mood and immune activation may reflect an appropriate response by the firefighters to these stressors. To further understand this relationship, subsequent firefighting-based research is needed that investigates whether immune changes are a function of affective arousal linked to the expression of positive moods. Positive associations between negative mood and inflammatory and @entity701 levels to physical work and restricted sleep provide useful information to fire agencies about subjective fire-ground indicators of physiological changes.

title: Acute Psychophysiological Relationships Between Mood, Inflammatory and XXXX Changes in Response to Simulated Physical Firefighting Work and Sleep Restriction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

answer: @entity701 :: (MESH:D006854,Chemical) :: ['Cortisol']


abstract: Resection and enterostomy are the standard operative procedures for @entity3166 ( @entity3166 ). In order to compare the results of two different methods of enterostomy, a study was carried out in 100 @entity1 with @entity3166 who underwent enterostomy formation and closure. A single surgeon at each of the two collaborating institutions conducted the majority of operations. Level of enterostomy was jejunum in 10, ileum in 75, and colon in 15. Type of enterostomy was separate stomas (usually brought out side by side) in 50, @entity9353 in 39, single stoma with Hartmann's pouch in 10, and loop colostomy in 1. Complications of enterostomy formation occurred in 24 @entity1 (24%). When @entity1 with separate stomas were compared with those with the @entity9353 , there was no difference in the rate of @entity532 . The separate stomas had a higher rate of stricture formation in the distal bowel (36% v 18%), which may be accounted for by earlier reestablishment of intestinal continuity in the Mikulicz group. Both methods exteriorized the bowel ends close to one another, which was advantageous because subsequent closure was usually performed without a formal laparotomy. After enterostomy closure, 17 (17%) @entity1 had complications. There was no difference in complication rate between early (before 3 months or under 2.5 kg) v late closure, or between closure of the @entity9353 (although the @entity9353 closure was accomplished more rapidly than closure of separate stomas). Morbidity was unrelated to level of enterostomy, type of enterostomy, maturing the stoma, bringing it through a separate incision, or age or weight of the @entity1 at closure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX : an analysis of techniques and timing of closure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infant', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['stomal or wound complications']

entities_list: @entity3166 :: ('MESH:D020345', 'Disease') :: ['NEC', 'necrotizing enterocolitis']

entities_list: @entity9353 :: ('MESH:D008882', 'Disease') :: ['Mikulicz enterostomy', 'Mikulicz enterostomy v separate stomas']

answer: @entity3166 :: (MESH:D020345,Disease) :: ['Enterostomy in necrotizing enterocolitis']


abstract: @entity439 repair has been associated with changes in arterial stiffness, as estimated by pulse wave velocity ( @entity122 ). This marker is influenced by the medical status of the @entity1 , the elastic characteristics of the @entity439 wall, and the presence of intraluminal @entity715 . Therefore, in order to delineate the influence of the endograft implantation in the early post-operative period, we conducted non-invasively pulse wave analysis in a male @entity1 with an @entity1028 containing no intraluminal @entity715 , unremarkable past medical history, and absence of @entity3657 . The estimated parameters were the systolic and diastolic pressure calculated at the aortic level (central pressures), @entity122 , augmentation pressure (AP) and augmentation index (AI), pressure wave reflection magnitude (RM), and peripheral resistance. Central systolic and diastolic pressure decreased post-operatively. @entity122 showed subtle changes from 11.6 to 10.6 and 10.9   m/s at 1-week and 1-month, respectively. Accordingly, the AI decreased from 28 to 14% and continued to drop to 25%. The AP decreased gradually from 15 to 6 and 4   mmHg. The wave RM dropped from 68 to 52% at 1-month. Finally, the peripheral resistance dropped from 1.41 to 0.99 and 0.85   dyn   *   s   *   cm(-5). Our example shows that the implantation of an aortic endograft can modify the pressure wave reflection over the aortic bifurcation without causing significant alterations in @entity122 .

title: Non-Invasive Pulse Wave Analysis in a XXXX after Implantation of a Nitinol Aortic Endograft.

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm', 'Endovascular aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['Thrombus-Free Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm']


abstract: In normal lung epithelial cells, cellular division is an ordered, tightly regulated process involving multiple checkpoints that assess extracellular growth signals, cell size, and DNA integrity. In contrast, neoplastic lung cells develop the ability to bypass several of these checkpoints, particularly at the G1/S and G2/M boundaries. We used genomic profiling to compare gene expression levels in early stage @entity2220 and non-neoplastic pulmonary tissue in order to comprehensively identify alterations in the process of cell cycling. RNA extracted from node negative, poorly differentiated @entity2220 (15 @entity1 ) and non-neoplastic pulmonary tissue (5 @entity1 ) was hybridized to oligonu-cleotide microarray filters containing 44,363 genes. Ontological classification was used to extract genes involved with cell cycle progression. Further analysis discovered a subset of differentially expressed genes for further study. Of the 624 cell cycle genes on the microarray filters, 40 genes were predicted to be differentially expressed in lung adeno- @entity189 . Alterations in several genes (i.e., @entity8189 , @entity4910 , @entity3544 , @entity7465 ) are consistent with published data in the literature. We also identified 19 novel genes that have neither been described in @entity1149 (i.e., @entity10610 , @entity27728 , @entity27124 , @entity8755 , @entity6291 , GADD45, @entity63958 , @entity40472 ) nor in any other @entity5 (i.e., @entity33095 , @entity23901 , @entity13225 ). These results identified several potential cell cycle genes altered in @entity2 .

title: Alterations in cell cycle genes in early stage XXXX identified by expression profiling.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['lung adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity2220 :: (MESH:C538231,Disease) :: ['lung adenocarcinoma']


abstract: @entity1 type 1 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase (3 beta-HSD/isomerase) catalyzes the two sequential enzyme reactions on a single protein that converts @entity2494 or @entity3333 to @entity2671 or @entity1420 , respectively, in placenta, mammary gland, @entity0 , prostate, @entity263 , and other peripheral tissues. Our earlier studies show that the two enzyme reactions are linked by the coenzyme product, @entity2125 , of the 3 beta-HSD activity. @entity2125 activates the isomerase activity by inducing a time-dependent conformational change in the enzyme protein. The current study tested the hypothesis that the 3 beta-HSD and isomerase activities shared a common coenzyme domain, and it characterized key @entity1522 that participated in coenzyme binding and the isomerase reaction. Homology modeling with @entity858 - @entity3649 -4-epimerase predicts that Asp36 is responsible for the NAD(H) specificity of @entity1 3 beta-HSD/isomerase and identifies the Rossmann-fold coenzyme domain at the @entity1472 terminus. The @entity72294 / @entity72295 mutant in the potential coenzyme domain and the @entity64953 , @entity72296 , @entity72297 , and @entity72298 mutants in the potential isomerase domain (previously identified by affinity labeling) were created, expressed, and purified. The @entity72294 / @entity72295 mutant shifts the cofactor preference of both 3 beta-HSD and isomerase from @entity2125 (H) to @entity1110 (H), which shows that the two activities utilize a common coenzyme domain. The @entity72296 and @entity72297 mutations eliminate isomerase activity, whereas the @entity64953 and @entity72298 mutants have nearly full isomerase activity. Kinetic analyses and pH dependence studies showed that either @entity2574 257 or @entity2574 258 plays a catalytic role in the isomerization reaction. These observations further characterize the structure/function relationships of @entity1 3 beta-HSD/isomerase and bring us closer to the goal of selectively inhibiting the type 1 enzyme in placenta (to control the timing of labor) or in hormone-sensitive @entity0 (to slow their growth).

title: Structure/function relationships responsible for coenzyme specificity and the isomerase activity of XXXX type 1 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate tumors']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast tumors']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity72294 :: ('p|SUB|D|36|A', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['D36A']

entities_list: @entity3333 :: ('MESH:D011284', 'Chemical') :: ['pregnenolone']

entities_list: @entity2494 :: ('MESH:D003687', 'Chemical') :: ['dehydroepiandrosterone']

entities_list: @entity3649 :: ('MESH:D005690', 'Chemical') :: ['galactose']

entities_list: @entity72295 :: ('p|SUB|K|37|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['K37R']

entities_list: @entity2671 :: ('MESH:D000735', 'Chemical') :: ['androstenedione']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Incomplete @entity121 rotator cuff tears (ITRCT) adjacent to the bursal sac were diagnosed preoperatively by subacromial bursography and confirmed by surgical exposure. There were five @entity1 and one @entity1 with an average age of 41.8 years. The preoperative duration of shoulder @entity158 ranged from four to 36 months (average, 15.8 months). Clinical manifestations included crepitus and a @entity158 arc in five of the six cases. Glenohumeral arthrography was normal in all cases. Subacromial bursography, subsequently performed, revealed pooling of the contrast medium in a torn area of the bursal side of the rotator cuff in all cases. Surgical treatment was recommended after the failure of conservative treatment for three to ten months. The surgical treatment consisted of both anterior acromioplasty and tendon suture. Wedge resection and shoelace suture repair of the tendon produced satisfactory results in all cases followed for ten to 72 months (average, 44.3 months). ITRCT adherent to the bursal sac were noted in 2.4% of a cadaver survey. Subacromial bursography can be a useful diagnostic procedure for this specific entity in @entity5818 .

title: Incomplete XXXX rotator cuff tears diagnosed by subacromial bursography.

entities_list: @entity5818 :: ('MESH:D019534', 'Disease') :: ['subacromial impingement syndrome']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['thickness']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['thickness']


abstract: Long-term treatment of @entity1 with chronic @entity161 requires integration of many therapeutic approaches, co-operation of several professions, and regard for the views of @entity1 and relatives. This review deals with practical aspects of pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, cognitive resp. psychological treatments, social resp. milieu therapy, rehabilitation, interventions based on the concept of @entity5785 ( @entity5785 ), psychoeducation and work with relatives. Continuous neuroleptic treatment is indispensable in most cases to achieve social integration. Indications for adding on antidepressants, @entity1091 , @entity2049 , @entity1245 and other drugs are discussed, as well as treatment of negative symptoms, @entity308 and management of treatment-resistant symptoms. Psychotherapy needs to regard the possibilities of the @entity1 . In the context of a stable long-term relationship, the @entity1 is supported in experiencing himself as a subject capable of action. Effectiveness of cognitive treatments to date is limited. The best results are achieved by social skills training. Social therapy, which aims at the improvement of functional aspects of the @entity1 , is of paramount importance. Improved possibilities for work rehabilitation are contrasted by difficulties in financing long-term social rehabilitation. Interventions based on the @entity5785 concept are highly effective, but are rarely used. Programs that merely convey information without targeting behaviour modification are ineffective. The functions of facilities of treatment in the community are explained, the integrative role of case-management is stressed.

title: [Long-term treatment of chronic XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity5785 :: ('MESH:D001039', 'Disease') :: ['EE', 'Expressed Emotions']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenias']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: Three fatal cases of @entity884 were studied. The first case occurred in an apparently healthy 58-year-old @entity1 , who presented with symptoms of @entity55 . The second case developed in a 75-year-old @entity1 with @entity2220 and @entity472 . In the third @entity1 , an 83-year-old @entity1 , @entity886 with perforations were found at necropsy. A @entity694 was found in the first and third cases. @entity869 , alone or with an @entity4028 , was the antibiotic used. Urgent valve replacement was performed in the first case. @entity5125 was isolated from blood cultures in all three cases. A review of 41 other @entity1 with @entity884 showed a nonspecific clinical picture, but septic complications occurred in one-half of the cases. Thirty-nine @entity1 had at least one predisposing factor, which was underlying @entity299 in 25 cases. The mortality rate was 48%.

title: @entity884 due to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valve vegetations']

entities_list: @entity5125 :: ('1639', 'Species') :: ['Listeria monocytogenes']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['Ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the lung']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['listerial endocarditis']

answer: @entity5125 :: (1639,Species) :: ['Listeria monocytogenes']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity23570 is a selective, noncompetitive @entity140 receptor antagonist with demonstrated efficacy and tolerability in partial @entity410 in @entity1 aged >= 12 years in Phase III studies. Post-hoc analysis of these studies was conducted to determine the efficacy and tolerability of @entity23570 based on the number of concomitant @entity734 ( @entity734 ) at baseline, as well as to examine which baseline characteristics, if any, were predictors of efficacy. Efficacy parameters were based on the number of baseline @entity734 , and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association of demographic and baseline clinical factors with probability of >= 50% reduction in @entity410 frequency. @entity1 on 1 AED at baseline were significantly more likely to have reduced @entity410 frequency (P<0.02) and improved 50% responder rate (P<0.02) than @entity1 on 3 @entity734 at baseline. Secondarily generalized @entity410 at baseline, unknown etiology, and use of concomitant non-inducer @entity734 were also established as positive predictors of efficacy (50% responder rate; P<0.01). @entity1 with more @entity734 at baseline were associated with greater use of inducers (P<0.01), which may result in decreased exposure of @entity23570 in these @entity1 and lower efficacy. @entity1 with 1 AED at baseline had a significantly shorter time since diagnosis compared with @entity1 in the 3 (P<0.01) @entity734 group, as well as a lower median @entity410 frequency at baseline compared to @entity1 on 3 @entity734 (P<0.05), suggesting that the reduced efficacy of @entity23570 with 3 @entity734 may also be associated with the greater severity of @entity410 in the @entity1 groups. The incidence of adverse events in @entity23570 -treated @entity1 was similar regardless of the number of @entity734 at baseline. Greater efficacy is predicted for @entity1 receiving fewer concomitant @entity734 when starting @entity23570 , as well as for those receiving concomitant treatment with @entity734 that are not @entity5322 enzyme-inducers, compared to @entity1 treated with multiple concomitant @entity734 . The results of this study provide additional information for clinicians considering adding @entity23570 to their @entity1 ' treatment regimen earlier rather than later, and offer evidence regarding the potential for increased efficacy with a decreased medication burden.

title: Efficacy and tolerability of adjunct @entity23570 based on number of XXXX at baseline and baseline predictors of efficacy: A phase III post-hoc analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['AEDs', 'antiepileptic drugs']

entities_list: @entity23570 :: ('MESH:C551441', 'Chemical') :: ['Perampanel', 'perampanel']

answer: @entity734 :: (MESH:D019966,Disease) :: ['antiepileptic drugs']


abstract: We investigated the effect of proteolytic enzyme treatment on the course of passive @entity8157 (PHN). PHN was induced by intravenous injection of Heymann antibody into @entity35 . Protease-treated @entity35 received intraperitoneal chymopapain and subtilisin. In @entity35 given subnephritogenic doses of Heymann antibody (5 or 10 mg, insufficient to cause @entity644 ), @entity8 were assessed by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. In @entity35 given 5 mg Heymann antibody and treated with protease in the heterologous phase of the disease (days 1-7), fewer animals were positive for rabbit IgG and rat IgG, as determined by immunofluorescence on day 12, compared with controls (p less than 0.01). @entity35 given 10 mg Heymann antibody and treated on days 1-5 were less frequently positive for rabbit IgG on day 5 than controls (p less than 0.05). When treatment was given on days 6-12 (autologous phase), fewer @entity35 had glomerular @entity95 and rat IgG compared with controls (p less than 0.025). Protease treatment of @entity35 given nephritogenic doses of Heymann antibody (greater than or equal to 40 mg, causing @entity644 ) did not result in significant differences in immunofluorescence deposits. However, protease treatment significantly reduced the number of electron dense deposits at all doses of antibody (p less than 0.01). Furthermore, @entity35 given 60 mg Heymann antibody followed by enzyme treatment in the heterologous phase (days 1-7) or throughout the autologous phase (days 6-18) had significantly reduced protein excretion during the autologous phase compared with control @entity35 (p less than 0.05). After onset of significant @entity644 on day 15 in @entity35 given 40 mg Heymann antibody and treated from day 15 until day 25, there was significantly less (p less than 0.05) @entity644 on days 21-22 and 24-25 than in control @entity35 ; thus, enzymes could reverse @entity644 . In normal @entity35 , administration of proteases did not have significant effects on urinary protein excretion, serum @entity1011 , or renal morphology, nor did protease affect anti-rabbit IgG antibody production in @entity35 injected with Heymann antibody. The overall results indicate that proteolytic enzyme treatment can prevent or remove @entity8 and can prevent or reverse @entity644 .

title: Proteolytic enzyme treatment reduces XXXX and @entity644 in passive @entity8157 .

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular immune deposits']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague Dawley rats', 'Rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity8157 :: ('MESH:D015433', 'Disease') :: ['Heymann nephritis']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['glomerular immune deposits']


abstract: After healing of a @entity2275 , 53 @entity1 were randomly allocated to either 12 months maintenance treatment with @entity5616 150 mg at night or an identical placebo. Fifty @entity1 completed the trial. The @entity1 were interviewed every third month. If symptoms indicated a relapse, endoscopy was done; and if an @entity1066 was found the maintenance trial was terminated. All remaining @entity1 were endoscoped after one year. The accumulated relapse rate in the @entity5616 group (36%) was significantly lower (p less than 0.01) than in the placebo group (76%), as also was the antacid consumption (p less than 0.01). Four of the six @entity1066 found at the final one year endoscopy were asymptomatic. In all but two of the 26 @entity1 with relapse of symptoms an @entity1066 was found at endoscopy. The @entity1 that suffered a recurrence had significantly (p less than 0.05) higher maximal acid output than those without @entity1066 recurrence. The time needed for healing of the relapse @entity1066 (four or eight weeks) corresponded to that needed for healing of the preinclusion @entity1066 . It is concluded that @entity5616 150 mg at night significantly reduces the @entity2275 recurrence rate, and that relapsing @entity1066 are similar to the initial ones in healing response.

title: XXXX 150 mg at night in the prevention of @entity2275 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5616 :: ('MESH:D011899', 'Chemical') :: ['ranitidine']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcer']

answer: @entity5616 :: (MESH:D011899,Chemical) :: ['Ranitidine']