abstract: OBJECTIVE: When @entity281 , @entity794 ( @entity16330 ) overcomes shear forces of flowing blood by binding to @entity2880 factor (VWF). Staphylococcal VWF-binding protein (vWbp) interacts with VWF, but it is unknown how this secreted protein binds to the bacterial cell wall. We hypothesized that vWbp interacts with a staphylococcal surface protein, mediating the adhesion of @entity16330 to VWF and vascular endothelium under shear stress. METHODS: We studied the binding of @entity16330 to vWbp, VWF and endothelial cells in a micro-parallel flow chamber using various mutants deficient in Sortase A (SrtA) and SrtA-dependent surface proteins, and @entity7878 expressing single staphylococcal surface proteins. In vivo adhesion of bacteria was evaluated in the @entity19 mesenteric circulation using real-time intravital vascular microscopy. RESULTS: vWbp bridges the bacterial cell wall and VWF, allowing shear-resistant binding of @entity16330 to inflamed or damaged endothelium. Absence of SrtA and Clumping factor A (ClfA) reduced adhesion of @entity16330 to vWbp, VWF and activated endothelial cells. ADAMTS13 and an anti-VWF A1 domain antibody, when combined reduced @entity16330 adhesion to activated endothelial cells by 90%. Selective overexpression of ClfA in the membrane of @entity7878 enabled these bacteria to bind to VWF and activated endothelial cells but only in the presence of vWbp. Absence of ClfA abolished bacterial adhesion to the activated @entity19 vessel wall. CONCLUSIONS: vWbp interacts with VWF and with the SrtA-dependent staphylococcal surface protein ClfA. The complex formed by VWF, secreted vWbp and bacterial ClfA anchors @entity16330 to vascular endothelium under shear stress. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Clumping factor A, @entity2880 factor-binding protein and XXXX factor anchor @entity794 to the vessel wall.

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['establishing endovascular infections']

entities_list: @entity7878 :: ('1358', 'Species') :: ['Lactococcus lactis']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['von Willebrand']

answer: @entity2880 :: (MESH:D014842,Disease) :: ['von Willebrand']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare in trapeziometacarpal (TMC) @entity571 the effects of trapeziectomy with tendon interposition and ligament reconstruction (LRTI) with or without a bone tunnel after a mean follow-up of 5 years. METHODS: We randomized 79 @entity1 (aged 40 years or older) with stage IV TMC @entity571 to either trapeziectomy with LRTI using a bone tunnel (Burton-Pellegrini) or a @entity924 (Weilby). Before surgery and at 3 months and 1 year after surgery, @entity1 were evaluated for @entity158 , function, strength, satisfaction, and complications. Of these @entity1 , 72% were evaluated after a mean follow-up of 5 years (range, 3.8-6.4 years). RESULTS: There were no significant differences in function and @entity158 ( @entity1 -Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation) between treatment groups after a mean follow-up of 5 years. In addition, grip and pinch strength, satisfaction, and persisting complications did not differ between groups. Three @entity1 in the Weilby group had repeat surgery (2 for symptomatic @entity571 and 1 elsewhere) and one in the Burton-Pellegrini group operated on again elsewhere. Furthermore, 3 @entity1 who were first conservatively treated for a trigger finger or @entity2950 were operated on again because conservative therapy failed. Two more @entity1 were operated on again because of de @entity924 and @entity923 . The overall treatment effect of both groups together showed no significant differences between results at 1 and 5 years after surgery, except for grip strength, which improved for both groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that improved function, strength, and satisfaction obtained at 1 year after trapeziectomy with LRTI with or without the use of a bone tunnel for stage IV @entity571 was maintained after 5 years. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic I.

title: The Effect of a Bone Tunnel During Ligament Reconstruction for Trapeziometacarpal XXXX : A 5-Year Follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'scaphotrapezoidal osteoarthritis', 'TMC thumb osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['Quervain tendinitis', 'tendon sling arthroplasty']

entities_list: @entity923 :: ('MESH:D002349', 'Disease') :: ['carpal tunnel syndrome']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['Osteoarthritis']


abstract: There is at present considerable @entity911 with respect to ethical guidelines that should govern the behavior of society and the physician confronted by problems resulting from recent attainments of medicine and science. The use of life supporting devices raises the problem of determining when @entity204 has occurred and what is proper ethical procedure in dealing with the deficient half life caused by " @entity1620 ." Some guidance is obtained from a consideration of the nature of life, the nature of @entity204 , the nature of @entity1 , and the essence lost in @entity204 of @entity1 . A parallel consideration of the nature of ethics, the bases of ethics and of ethical decision can be helpful. An individual may have ideals which control behavior, even elevate ethical standards; others entertain concepts that destroy social ethics. Ethics control and direct social interactions; ethics determine the quality of social behavior--ethics are established by societies not by individuals. Numerous commissions have endeavored to define the requirements of physicians for diagnosing @entity1620 and for appropriate subsequent actions. The rationales presented, however, are not invariably accepted by lay society. The problem is created by numerous trends. Among them are the "rightest" movement which, though possessing many virtues, has its excesses such as expressed in the "right to life movement." These have not been beneficial and have necessitated "right to @entity204 movements." Opposition is also due to the fact that society's concepts of the medical profession have changed. The practice of organ transplantation has created problems. Finally, the concept of @entity204 as other than evil is no longer generally accepted. As more biological manipulations are possible ever more difficult ethical problems will arise. It is a certainty, however, that when @entity1620 has occurred life of @entity1 and that of the individual has ended. Although others might not agree, our ethic requires us to use life assist techniques to preserve the vegetative @entity1 , the individual who can still breathe spontaneously though lacking consciousness and behavioral ability. All the codes of medical ethics state that a physician shall not kill--this does not mean he cannot permit the terminal phases of @entity204 when the essence of @entity1 life is lost. A major question is the ethical responsibility of one society toward another. Can an affluent society squander its resources in the preservation of ineffectual life in the body after " @entity1620 " when others are without the medical assistance which would permit total living?

title: A consideration of the ethics of XXXX --what are the ethical guidelines for physician, family and society in dealing with @entity1620 ?

entities_list: @entity1620 :: ('MESH:D001926', 'Disease') :: ['Brain Death', 'brain death']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

answer: @entity1620 :: (MESH:D001926,Disease) :: ['brain death']


abstract: Suppression of the @entity2339 is an accepted indicator of potential side effects from inhaled corticosteroids. Although @entity701 monitoring is frequently used to detect changes in HPA axis activity, the optimal method for identifying the subset of @entity565 @entity1 on inhaled @entity230 who experience severe @entity701 suppression of potential clinical significance has not been established. The objective of this study was to compare several methods for assessing HPA axis activity in @entity565 @entity1 taking inhaled corticosteroids. After screening, 153 @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity565 were randomly assigned to receive inhaled @entity5023 (110, 220, 330, or 440 microg bid), @entity17013 (500 microg or 1000 microg bid), or one of two control regimens ( @entity229 or placebo) for 21 days. Salivary (8 a.m.) and urinary (24-h) @entity701 determinations were compared against 22-hour area under the serum @entity701 concentration-time curve (AUC0-22 h) measured at baseline and on day 21. Comparisons were also made against 8 a.m. serum @entity701 . A significant positive correlation was found between AUC0-22 h of serum @entity701 and 8 a.m. serum @entity701 level (r = 0.5140; p = 0.0001). The AUC0-22 h of serum @entity701 was weakly correlated with 24-hour urinary @entity701 levels, both corrected (r = 0.4388; p = 0.0001) and uncorrected (r = 0.3511; p = 0.0001) for @entity1011 excretion. The 8 a.m. salivary @entity701 level correlated positively with the 8 a.m. serum @entity701 level (r = 0.5460; p = 0.0001). Salivary @entity701 was both sensitive and specific for the detection of a 50% decline in AUC0-22 h of serum @entity701 . @entity701 reductions of this magnitude have been observed following repeated use of inhaled @entity230 . Because it is noninvasive, salivary @entity701 measurement offers distinct advantages as a screening method for detecting pronounced HPA axis suppression in @entity565 @entity1 receiving corticosteroid therapy.

title: A comparison of methods for assessing @entity2339 activity in XXXX @entity1 treated with inhaled corticosteroids.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity17013 :: ('MESH:C007734', 'Chemical') :: ['flunisolide']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol', 'cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity5023 :: ('MESH:C065382', 'Chemical') :: ['fluticasone propionate']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study expression and function of the chemokine receptor @entity5075 in synovial fluid (SF) T cells from @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ). METHODS: Expression of @entity5075 was studied by flow cytometry and immunoblotting. The chemotactic response of T cells to chemokines was studied in cell migration assay. @entity669 phosphorylation of @entity25888 was evaluated in immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting. RESULTS: SF T cells showed an increase in the population of @entity5075 , @entity436 , and CD45RO positive cells and exhibited an increase in chemotactic activity, which was not augmented with @entity5737 but stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha. @entity669 phosphorylation per @entity25888 molecule was markedly enhanced in SF T cells. In H9 cells, @entity669 phosphorylation of not only focal adhesion kinase but also @entity25888 was induced after treatment with @entity5737 . Downmodulation of @entity5075 by @entity5737 was decreased and recycling of @entity5075 was accelerated in SF T cells when compared with peripheral blood (PB) T cells. When CD45RO positive PB T cells were cultured with @entity1199 , blunted responsiveness to @entity5737 -induced @entity6722 was reproduced as well as spontaneous @entity6722 , increased expression of @entity5075 , and aberrant receptor dynamics, after @entity5737 stimulation as observed in SF T cells. CONCLUSION: Synovial fluid T cells highly positive for @entity5075 show aberrant characteristics; resistant to @entity5737 in terms of migration, but responsive in terms of dynamics of @entity5075 .

title: Aberrant responsiveness to XXXX in synovial fluid T cells from @entity1 with @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity6722 :: ('MESH:C565534', 'Disease') :: ['chemotaxis']

entities_list: @entity25888 :: ('4739', 'Gene') :: ['Crk-associated substrate lymphocyte-type (CasL)', 'CasL']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['Tyrosine', 'tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity5737 :: (6352,Gene) :: ['RANTES']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2151 reductase (RR) has been reported to be associated with several types of @entity5 while the expression and role of RR in @entity259 ( @entity259 ) has not been investigated. Here, we first examined the expression level of three RR subunit proteins ( @entity4736 , @entity16071 , and @entity25837 ) in @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ) and @entity189 ( @entity189 ) @entity1 samples by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that @entity4736 was higher expressed in 95.2  % @entity5 tissues compared with their adjacent normal tissues in 146 @entity3557 samples. The expression level of @entity4736 was positively correlated with T stage, lymph node @entity3 (LNM), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and TNM stage in @entity3557 @entity1 . However, in 12 @entity189 samples, @entity4736 expression was negatively expressed in six cases. To further determine the biological role of @entity4736 in @entity259 , ectopic expression or siRNA-mediated knockdown of @entity4736 were carried out in the high-differentiated @entity259 cell line @entity15293 and the poor-differentiated @entity259 cell line SW579, respectively. In @entity15293 and @entity1 cells, overexpression and siRNA knockdown of @entity4736 demonstrated that @entity4736 promoted DNA synthesis and proliferation in both cell lines as shown by EdU incorporation and cell viability assays. However, @entity4736 enhanced cell migration and invasion in @entity15293 cells but inhibited that in @entity1 cells as shown by wound healing and transwell assays. Moreover, we also found that @entity4736 promoted @entity983 expression and reduced Akt phosphorylation in a RR-activity-independent manner in the low-differentiated @entity259 cells but not in the high-differentiated @entity259 cells. In contrast, @entity16071 expression was higher expressed in both @entity3557 and @entity189 @entity1 samples, consisting with its oncogenic role in other @entity5 . Therefore, we suggest that @entity4736 promotes @entity259 proliferation as a component of RR but may play a different role in the invasion and @entity3 of differently differentiated @entity259 through a non-RR pathway, which could be meaningful to precision treatment of @entity259 with RR inhibitors.

title: @entity2151 reductase large subunit M1 plays a different role in the invasion and @entity3 of @entity3557 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma', 'PTC']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['SW579', 'patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma', 'UTC']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['extrathyroidal invasion', 'metastasis', 'ETI']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid carcinoma', 'TC', 'thyroid carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity2151 :: ('CHEBI:26561', 'Chemical') :: ['Ribonucleotide']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the changes of SUV(max) and of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) before and after neoadjuvant therapy, to enable us predict the therapy response, in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 (LARC). A total of 30 @entity1 with LARC who underwent CRT were recruited for our study. All the @entity1 underwent a whole body @entity419 -PET/CT scan and a pelvic MR examination including DW imaging for staging (PET/ @entity7487 and RM1), and after the chemoradiation therapy (PET/ @entity18246 , and RM2). Histopathologic analysis of rectal specimen, according to @entity5 regression grade (Mandard's criteria) was used as the standard reference. MR and PET-CT images were analyzed, and measurements of ADC values and SUV(max) were taken. Diagnostic performance for selection of complete responders ( @entity17198 -2) and overall diagnostic accuracy for each item were calculated. After neoadjuvant therapy, all @entity1 were submitted to surgery. According to Mandard's criteria, 21 @entity5 showed complete ( @entity17198 ) or subtotal regression ( @entity17199 ) and were classified as responders; nine @entity5 were classified as non responders ( @entity22576 , 4, and 5). In all the @entity1 , mean value of SUV(max) in PET/ @entity7487 was higher than those in PET/ @entity18246 (P  <  0.001), whereas mean ADC value was lower in RM1 than RM2 (P  <  0.001), with a significant percentage decrease of values after the treatment (P  <  0.005).The best predictors cut-off values for TRG response were SUV(max) of 4.4 and ADC of 1.28     10(3)  mm(2)/s with sensitivity, specificity accuracy, negative predictive value, and positive predictive values of 77.3%, 88.9%, 80.7%, 61.5%, and 94.4%, respectively. We conclude from the overall data of this study that the absolute values of SUV(max) and ADC of @entity75 after CRT were the best parameters to define the response to treatment, by differentiating @entity82 from viable @entity5 tissue.

title: Response to neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced XXXX : assessment with diffusion-weighted MR imaging and 18FDG PET/CT.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['rectal lesion']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: The @entity99 of @entity950 are rare, @entity5 , differentiated in their morphologic and clinical appearances. They may manifest either as asymptomatic @entity409 , or with the potentially fatal complication of @entity712 . They can be large in @entity950 , act as @entity2548 and may result in massive @entity2758 . Multiple imaging modalities have been employed in the diagnosis, including ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), radionuclide studies, angiography, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Generally the US, Doppler and CT appearances of @entity99 may be diagnostic. Biopsy in often needed for diagnosis, especially if classic signs and symptoms are lacking. The diagnostic possibilities and difficulties in three @entity1 are discussed. Different US images were present in all three cases, with atypical CT appearance in one. Doppler signals were lacking in two cases. Sonographic appearance of infantile @entity99 is variable, non-specific, but Doppler US is useful as a non-invasive method in the follow-up of @entity2695 .

title: [Diagnosis of neonatal XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity2758 :: ('MESH:D001165', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous shunt']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['benign vascular tumours']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver masses']

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous fistulas']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic hemangiomas', 'hepatic hemangioma']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['liver hemangioma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate @entity5 heterogeneity in the recurrence of @entity43 demonstrated by polycomb group (PcG) proteins. METHODS: Tissue microarrays containing matched primary and recurrent @entity43 from the same @entity1 were constructed for detection of PcG protein expression. Survival analyses of clinicopathological parameters and expression of PcG proteins were performed on progression-free survival (PFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) of @entity1 . Genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity was explored in aspects of gene copy number and microRNA (miRNA) profiling. RESULTS: PcG proteins were heterogeneously expressed in primary versus recurrent @entity5 (P<0.05). In univariate survival analysis of the @entity43 cohorts, a significant association of intensive expression of @entity3752 and @entity16719 in first-onset lymph node @entity3 with shortened PFS was demonstrated (P=0.010, P=0.019); and a significant association of intensive expression of @entity3752 and @entity16719 in recurrent @entity5 with shortened @entity1349 was demonstrated (P=0.042, P=0.047). Importantly, @entity3752 and @entity16719 expression provided significant independent prognostic parameters in multivariate analyses (P<0.05). Gene amplification did not always coincide with PcG protein expression. Eight miRNAs were found to be downregulated in recurrent @entity5 , among which @entity68144 might indirectly regulate the expression of @entity16719 through transcription factor @entity49944 . CONCLUSION: @entity5 heterogeneity exists in the recurrence of @entity43 , manifested by PcG protein expression and underlying genetic and epigenetic alterations. Intensive expression of @entity3752 and @entity16719 are predictors of earlier relapse and @entity1349 , independent of grade and chemotherapy sensitivity. @entity16719 and @entity68144 have great potential to be new targets for treatment of recurrent @entity43 .

title: XXXX heterogeneity in the recurrence of @entity43 demonstrated by polycomb group proteins.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian tumors', 'ovarian carcinoma', 'ovarian cancer', 'epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'shorter OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Tumor']


abstract: In 33 @entity1 with @entity472 ( @entity472 ), 27 with combined @entity886 ( @entity472 + @entity337 ) and 23 with chronic @entity337 ( @entity337 ) left ventricular angiographic muscle mass (LMMI) was determined before and after successful valve replacement. Preoperative age in the three groups was 51, 47 and 42 years (P less than 0.05 vs. @entity472 ) respectively; recatheterization was carried out 17, 20 and 21 months postoperatively (not significant). In all three groups angiographic mass decreased (P less than 0.001) following surgery: In @entity472 from 167 to 117, in @entity472 + @entity337 from 200 to 127 and in @entity337 from 192 to 142 g/m2. Left ventricular end-diastolic wall thickness decreased from 1.22 to 1.02 (P less than 0.001) in @entity472 and from 1.19 to 1.03 cm (P less than 0.001) in @entity472 + @entity337 . No change of wall thickness occurred in the @entity1 with @entity337 . Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) increased from 61 to 68% (P less than 0.01) in @entity472 , from 58 to 68% (P less than 0.005) in @entity472 + @entity337 and from 52 to 59% (P less than 0.02) in @entity337 . The postoperative EF in the @entity1 with @entity337 was smaller (P less than 0.05) than in @entity472 , @entity472 + @entity337 and in controls (EF = 68%, n = 18). Postoperative normalization of LMMI (less than or equal to 120 g/M2) occurred in 22/33 (67%) @entity1 with @entity472 , in 14/27 (52%) with @entity472 + @entity337 and in 8/23 (35%) with @entity337 . The age of the @entity1 and the time interval between surgery and recatheterization had no influence on postoperative normalization or non-normalization of LMMI.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Regression of heart hypertrophy in XXXX with operated @entity886 ].

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valve lesion']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['AI', 'aortic insufficiency']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes and @entity137 of concurrent full-dose @entity136 and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for @entity1 with borderline resectable and locally advanced @entity788 after induction chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2009 to 2012, 32 @entity1 were treated with concurrent @entity136 and IMRT for borderline resectable or locally advanced @entity788 . All @entity1 received induction FOLFIRINOX or @entity136 -based chemotherapy before chemoradiation. The radiotherapy volume was limited to the @entity5 , and the median dose was 55 Gy in 25 fractions. @entity136 was administered weekly during radiotherapy on days 1, 8, 22, and 29 at a median weekly dose of 800 mg/m. RESULTS: Twenty-five @entity1 had locally advanced disease and 7 had borderline resectable disease. The median follow-up time was 14.6 months. The median progression-free and overall survival were 13.9 and 23.1 months, with a trend toward improved overall survival for @entity1 receiving induction FOLFIRINOX compared with @entity136 -based therapy. A radiographic complete or partial response was achieved in 13 @entity1 (41%), with 4 (13%) having complete radiographic responses. Surgical resection was performed in 10 @entity1 (31%)-6 @entity1 with locally advanced disease and 4 with borderline resectable disease. Grade 3/4 hematologic @entity137 during and up to 6 weeks after chemoradiation occurred in 12 @entity1 (38%); grade 3 nonhematologic @entity137 occurred in 7 @entity1 (22%), with no grade 4 or 5 @entity137 . All @entity1 completed their radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Concurrent full-dose @entity136 and limited-field IMRT after induction chemotherapy for the treatment of borderline resectable and locally advanced @entity788 is promising with acceptable @entity137 rates.

title: Induction Chemotherapy Followed by Concurrent Full-dose @entity136 and Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy for Borderline Resectable and Locally Advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The clinical significance of ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) together with @entity1282 ( @entity1282 ) has not been yet evaluated in the Chicago Classification v3.0. This study evaluated the adjunctive role of @entity1282 in IEM and determined the criteria of abnormal @entity1282 to maximize the utility of IEM. We analyzed 186 @entity1 showing IEM or normal esophageal motility (NEM), who underwent esophageal high-resolution impedance-manometry for esophageal symptoms. Two different criteria for abnormal @entity1282 were applied to IEM subjects, resulting in 2 corresponding subgroups: IEM-A when distal contractile integral (DCI) ratio between an average wet swallows and @entity1282 contraction was <1 and IEM-B when @entity1282 contraction DCI was <450mm Hg-s-cm. One IEM subject inadequately performed @entity1282 . Among the remaining 52 IEM subjects, 18 (34.6%) were classified into IEM-A and 23 (44.2%) into IEM-B. IEM subjects showed less complete bolus transit (median 0.0%, interquartile range 0.0-20.0% vs 60.0%, 30.0-80.0; P<0.001) resulting in higher impaired bolus transit than NEM subjects (98.1% vs 66.9%, P=0.001). IEM-B subjects showed additionally higher pathologic bolus exposure than NEM subjects (55.6% vs 29.3%, P=0.001), whereas IEM-A subjects could not. Although IEM-B subjects had the highest prevalence of @entity354 among the subjects groups, it did not reach statistical significance. In conclusion, IEM @entity1 with abnormal @entity1282 contraction have an increased risk of prolonged bolus clearance, poor bolus transit, and pathologic bolus exposure. IEM @entity1 need to be assessed concerning whether @entity1282 contraction DCI is <450mm Hg-s-cm to segregate clinically relevant @entity1 .

title: Multiple Rapid Swallow Maneuver Enhances the Clinical Utility of High-Resolution Manometry in XXXX Showing Ineffective Esophageal Motility.

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['multiple rapid swallow', 'MRS']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Recent advances in image guidance and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) have resulted in unprecedented local control for spinal metastases of all histologies. However, little is known about early imaging biomarkers of local control. PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers to predict local control after SBRT for @entity1 with @entity242 spine metastases. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: This study used a retrospective case series at a large tertiary @entity5 center. @entity1 SAMPLE: From 2011 to 2014, 9 consecutive @entity1 with 12 metastatic @entity75 to the spine were treated with SBRT and underwent evaluation with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) both pre- and post-SBRT. OUTCOME MEASURE: Changes in perfusion metrics, including the wash-in rate constant (Ktrans), plasma volume (Vp), composite multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) score, bi-dimensional @entity5 size, and a graded response assessment were performed and correlated to local control. METHODS: All measurements were independent and blinded by two neuroradiologists. R(2) statistics were performed to document correlation, and two-tailed t tests were used to compare groups. p<.05 was deemed statistically significant. RESULTS: The median time from SBRT until posttreatment MRI was 57 days. Local failure developed in one lesion (8.3%) 10 months after SBRT. The Vp mean, Ktrans mean, Vp max, and Ktrans max were significantly decreased post-SBRT as compared with pre-SBRT (58.7%, 63.2%, 59.0%, and 55.2%; all p-values <.05). Bi-dimensional @entity5 measurements demonstrated an average increase in size across the cohort, and 50%, 25%, and 25% of the treated lesions demonstrated features of "worsening," "no change," or "improvement," respectively, by both radiologists' graded impressions. There was good inter-reader reliability for both size and subjective disease response scores(R(2)=0.84). The mpMRI score had 100% accuracy in predicting local control at time of last follow-up. There was no apparent correlation with size changes compared with the mpMRI score change post-SBRT (R(2)=0.026). CONCLUSIONS: We report the first analysis on the utility of DCE-MRI for metastatic @entity242 spine metastases treated with SBRT. We demonstrate that early assessment at 2 months post-SBRT using size and subjective neuroradiology impressions is insufficient to judge ultimate disease progression, and that a combination of perfusion parameters provides excellent correlation to local control.

title: Early magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers to predict local control after high dose stereotactic body radiotherapy for @entity1 with XXXX spine metastases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The physiological responses of the pulmonary vasculature and airway to various vasoconstrictors were studied using isolated perfused lungs and pulmonary arteries, but these responses were not systematically studied in in vivo @entity35 . We determined these responses and modulating effects of systemic circulation in anesthetized @entity35 . METHODS: We measured directly pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), left atrial pressure (LAP), aortic blood flow, and airway pressure (AWP) to determine pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), following injections of @entity1808 ( @entity1808 ), @entity1827 ( @entity1827 ), @entity1951 , @entity2647 and @entity2404 mimetic @entity2872 in anesthetized SD @entity35 . RESULTS: @entity1808 , @entity2647 and @entity1951 at high doses caused strong systemic vasoconstriction and left heart overload, resulting in a transient increase in LAP and @entity891 , which consequently decreased PVR. Nonetheless, prior to LAP elevation, PVR was slightly but significantly increased by @entity1808 and @entity2647 . In contrast, @entity1827 and @entity2872 substantially increased PVR in the absence of LAP elevation, while @entity1951 did not increase PVR. In separate experiments, PAP and AWP increased when LAP was forcedly elevated. AWP was increased by @entity2872 through bronchoconstriction and by the other agents through increased LAP-induced @entity891 . CONCLUSION: Airway constriction is induced by @entity2872 , and pulmonary vasoconstriction is induced strongly by @entity2872 and @entity1827 , and weakly by @entity1808 and @entity2647 , but not by @entity1951 in anesthetized @entity35 . @entity1808 , @entity1951 and @entity2647 exert indirectly a transient pulmonary vasodilatory action due to @entity891 evoked by strong systemic vasoconstriction, which may account for weak pulmonary pressor responses to these agents.

title: Systemic vasoconstriction modulates the responses of pulmonary vasculature and airway to vasoconstrictors in anesthetized XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2404 :: ('MESH:D013928', 'Chemical') :: ['thromboxane A2']

entities_list: @entity1951 :: ('MESH:D014667', 'Chemical') :: ['vasopressin']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary congestion']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The increasing number of @entity1 requiring @entity645 treatment in South Africa calls for efficient use of its @entity1 resources for health in order to ensure optimum treatment coverage and outcomes. This paper describes an innovative public-private partnership model which uses private sector doctors to treat public sector @entity1 and ascertains the model's ability to maintain treatment outcomes over time. METHODS: The study used a retrospective design based on the electronic records of @entity1 who were down-referred from government hospitals to selected private general medical practitioners (GPs) between November 2005 and October 2012. In total, 2535 unique @entity1 records from 40 GPs were reviewed. The survival functions for mortality and attrition were calculated. Cumulative incidence of mortality for different time cohorts (defined by year of treatment initiation) was also established. RESULTS: The median number of @entity1 per GP was 143 (IQR: 66-246). At the time of down-referral to private GPs, 13.8% of the @entity1 had @entity404 count <200 cell/mm3, this proportion reduced to 6.6% at 12 months and 4.1% at 48 months. Similarly, 88.4% of the @entity1 had suppressed viral load (defined as @entity2858 RNA <400 copies/ml) at 48 months. The @entity1 ' probability of survival at 12 and 48 months was 99.0% (95% CI: 98.4%-99.3%) and 89.0% (95% CI: 87.1%-90.0%) respectively. @entity1 retention at 48 months remained high at 94.3% (95% CI: 93.0%-95.7%). CONCLUSIONS: The study findings demonstrate the ability of the GPs to effectively maintain @entity1 treatment outcomes and potentially contribute to @entity645 treatment scale-up with the relevant support mechanism. The model demonstrates how an assisted private sector based programme can be effectively and efficiently used to either target specific health concerns, key populations or serve as a stop-gap measure to meet urgent health needs.

title: A South African Public-Private Partnership XXXX Treatment Model: Viability and Success Factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient', 'people']

answer: @entity645 :: (57667,Species) :: ['HIV']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5424 is one of the new oral anticoagulants, which is prescribed as an alternative to @entity2067 antagonists (VKAs). Concerns regarding its @entity548 profile persist and require further evaluation. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of @entity23 ( @entity23 ) to compare the risks of @entity548 and all-cause mortality between @entity5424 and VKAs. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library of Clinical Trials databases were systematically searched for @entity23 comparing the risks of @entity548 and all-cause mortality of @entity5424 (2.5 or 5  mg twice daily) with those of VKAs. We included @entity23 conducted in adults and published in English or French. Data were pooled across @entity23 using random-effects meta-analytical models. Our systematic search identified 5 @entity23 meeting our inclusion criteria (n  = 24,435). They included @entity1 with @entity955 (n  = 18,358), total knee replacement surgery (n  = 458), and @entity1211 (n  = 5,619). Data pooled across @entity23 revealed that @entity5424 was associated with reduced risks of any @entity548 (relative risk [RR] 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.59 to 0.90) and a composite of major or clinically relevant nonmajor @entity548 (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.88). @entity5424 was also associated with a lower risk of @entity510 (RR 0.42, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.58) whereas analyses of major and minor @entity548 were inconclusive. Moreover, @entity5424 was associated with decreased all-cause mortality (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81 to 0.99) although this finding was driven by the results of the ARISTOTLE trial. In conclusion, our meta-analysis found that @entity5424 is associated with a lower risk of @entity548 than VKAs, providing some reassurance regarding its safety.

title: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials of the Risk of Bleeding With @entity5424 Versus XXXX Antagonists.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial bleeding']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['randomized controlled trials', 'RCTs']

entities_list: @entity5424 :: ('MESH:C522181', 'Chemical') :: ['Apixaban', 'apixaban']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity2067 :: (MESH:D014812,Chemical) :: ['Vitamin K']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Bone @entity174 is often complicated in hemodialysis (HD) @entity1 . @entity520 is related to @entity79 and @entity2057 , but it is not known whether acid-base disturbance is associated with the risk of @entity174 . The aim of this study was to clarify the association of serum @entity3157 level with @entity174 in HD @entity1 . METHODS: Using a subcohort of the Mineral and Bone Disorder Outcomes Study for Japanese CKD Stage 5D @entity1 (MBD-5D), 890 prevalent HD @entity1 (age: 62 years old, male: 62.8%, duration of dialysis: 8.3 years) with @entity3528 were studied. After measuring predialysis serum @entity3157 at a 2-day interdialytic interval, we prospectively followed them every 3 months, and examined the occurrence of any type of @entity174 or hospitalization due to @entity174 over a 3-year observation period. RESULTS: Seventy-four @entity174 and 47 hospitalizations due to @entity174 were observed during the follow-up period. HD patients with serum @entity3157 <20 mmol/l had a 1.93 (95% CI 1.01-3.71)-fold higher risk for all-cause @entity174 than those with serum @entity3157 of 20.0-21.9 mmol/l. A higher @entity3157 level (>= 22 mmol/l) was also related to an increased risk of @entity174 . A restricted cubic regression spline disclosed that the higher or the lower than 21.0 mmol/l of serum @entity3157 , the greater the risk for @entity174 . CONCLUSION: Both a lower level and a higher level of predialysis @entity3157 concentration were associated with risk of @entity174 in HD @entity1 with @entity3528 .    2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Association of Serum @entity3157 with Bone Fractures in Hemodialysis @entity1 : The Mineral and Bone Disorder Outcomes Study for Japanese CKD Stage 5D XXXX (MBD-5D).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture', 'bone fracture', 'bone fractures']

entities_list: @entity3157 :: ('CHEBI:17544', 'Chemical') :: ['bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity3528 :: ('MESH:D006962', 'Disease') :: ['secondary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['Metabolic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone disease']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle wasting']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Objective: To examine the prevalence and predictors of potentially inappropriate anticholinergic medication use in older adults with @entity303 . Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: United States, 2009-2010. @entity1 : Medical Expenditure Panel Survey household component @entity1 aged 65 years or older identified as having @entity303 and using potentially inappropriate anticholinergic medication. Main outcome measures: Prevalence and predictors of potentially inappropriate anticholinergic medication use as per the updated 2012 American Geriatrics Society Beers criteria. Results: A total of 3.78 million older adult @entity1 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.17 million to 4.38 million) were identified as having @entity303 , for an overall prevalence of 4.81%. Of those @entity1 , an estimated 1.02 million (95% CI 0.70 million to 1.30 million) were reported to use potentially inappropriate anticholinergic medications, for an overall prevalence of 26.95% (95% CI 20.10% to 33.79%). The most frequently prescribed drugs were @entity11440 , @entity2180 , @entity903 , @entity2181 , @entity4489 , and @entity4829 . Multivariable logistic analysis revealed that those @entity1 with the need characteristics of self-reported @entity148 , @entity1316 , and "fair/poor" general health status had increased odds of potentially inappropriate anticholinergic use, while @entity1 with the predisposing characteristic of being aged 75-84 years had decreased odds of potentially inappropriate anticholinergic use. Conclusion: More than one in four older adults with @entity303 were found to use potentially inappropriate anticholinergics. Given the adverse cognitive effects of these medications, there is a strong need to monitor and optimize their use in older adult @entity1 with @entity303 .

title: Potentially inappropriate anticholinergic medication use in older adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity4489 :: ('MESH:D011398', 'Chemical') :: ['promethazine']

entities_list: @entity2181 :: ('MESH:C099041', 'Chemical') :: ['tolterodine']

entities_list: @entity4829 :: ('MESH:C004704', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclobenzaprine']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity903 :: ('MESH:D017374', 'Chemical') :: ['paroxetine']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity2180 :: ('MESH:C441209', 'Chemical') :: ['solifenacin']

entities_list: @entity11440 :: ('MESH:C005419', 'Chemical') :: ['oxybutynin']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between @entity145 and @entity11757 . METHODS: We reviewed five cases of @entity145 that ruptured, producing acute @entity11757 . The surgical management and diagnostic methods used are assessed. RESULTS: Five male @entity1 ranging in age from 6 to 25 years sustained the rupture of @entity145 , which produced acute @entity11757 . Four of the @entity1 had incurred blunt @entity542 . All @entity1 presented with symptoms referable to @entity428 . The pathognomonic features of a middle fossa @entity145 (MFAC) were noted on the computed tomographic scans and/or magnetic resonance images of each @entity1 . The @entity3609 exerted mass effect on the ipsilateral hemisphere and was noted to be under significant pressure at the time of surgical intervention in each case. Two of the five cases are unique in the literature. In one, a coexisting quadrigeminal cyst ruptured, producing a @entity11757 ipsilateral to the MFAC and dilating the basal cisterns. In the other, the MFAC ruptured into the basal cisterns as well as into the subdural space. The MFAC in each of the remaining three @entity1 ruptured into the subdural space alone. All @entity1 were treated with drainage of the subdural space. In the two @entity1 in whom the basal cisterns were involved, both the @entity3609 and the MFACs failed to change significantly in size. The @entity3609 resolved completely and the MFACs decreased in size considerably in the three @entity1 without cisternal involvement. CONCLUSION: The rupture of an @entity145 can produce a @entity11757 and @entity428 . The latter mandates emergent drainage of the subdural space. In @entity1 in whom the basal cisterns are not dilated by @entity397 , both the MFACs and @entity3609 resolve after subdural drainage.

title: XXXX rupture producing @entity11757 and @entity428 : case reports.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3609 :: ('MESH:D018191', 'Disease') :: ['hygroma', 'hygromas']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

entities_list: @entity11757 :: ('MESH:D013353', 'Disease') :: ['subdural hygroma', 'subdural hygromas']

entities_list: @entity145 :: ('MESH:D016080', 'Disease') :: ['arachnoid cysts', 'arachnoid cyst']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['cyst rupture']

answer: @entity145 :: (MESH:D016080,Disease) :: ['Arachnoid cyst']


abstract: To evaluate prospectively the effect on mortality of wine drinking in Eastern France, we conducted an analysis on 34,014 consecutive middle-aged @entity1 coming for a comprehensive health appraisal between 1978 and 1983. We evaluated education, physical activity, smoking, and drinking habits by a questionnaire. Electrocardiogram, blood pressure, serum total @entity165 , and gamma-glutamyltransferase level were routinely measured. Seventy-seven per cent of the subjects drank wine; there was little difference between social classes in this proportion. We evaluated mortality over 10-15 years of follow-up. We estimated the relative risk (RR) of @entity204 by Cox proportional hazard models using nondrinkers as the reference and adjusting for six covariables. For an intake of 22-32 and 33-54 gm of @entity167 per day, the RR of all-cause @entity204 was 0.70 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.59-0.82] and 0.76 (95% CI = 0.66-0.87), respectively. The lower mortality resulted from fewer deaths from @entity65 and @entity5 . Above 128 gm per day of @entity167 consumption, the RR was 1.37 (95% CI = 1.16-1.61). A moderate intake of wine (2-5 glasses per day) was associated with a 24-31% reduction in all-cause mortality, a proportion that was similar for smokers, ex-smokers, and nonsmokers.

title: @entity167 and mortality in middle-aged XXXX from eastern France.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the structural characterization of erythroid and megakaryocytic cell differentiation in Friend erythroleukemic cells using spectral imaging and electron microscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two variants of Friend @entity6007 cells were treated with @entity16747 ( @entity16747 ) to induce differentiation: 1) @entity17506 , which exhibit the normal phenotype and are susceptible to differentiation; and 2) the resistant R1 cells. The cells were analyzed by spectral imaging along with transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins was analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS: Spectral imaging of @entity16747 -treated @entity17506 and R1 cells stained by May-Gr  nwald-Giemsa and subjected to spectral similarity mapping revealed five morphologic cell types: proerythroblast-like cells, normoblast-like cells, reticulocyte-like cells, megakaryocytes, and apoptotic cells. In @entity17506 cells, both megakaryocytic differentiation characterized by nuclear lobes and erythroid differentiation characterized by accumulation of hemoglobin were detected; R1 cells were not committed to terminal differentiation. @entity16747 -induced cell cycle arrest at G(1) affected the expression of regulatory proteins in a similar manner in both types of cells. Expression of @entity8985 decreased and expression of @entity994 ( @entity994 ) increased. The level of the underphosphorylated form of @entity995 protein increased, inducing a decrease in the level of @entity517 . In addition, we detected a decrease in the expression of the anti-apoptotic regulator, @entity588 , and an increased expression of the pro-apoptotic regulator, @entity589 . CONCLUSIONS: Spectral imaging provides new insight for the morphologic characterization of erythroid and megakaryocytic cell differentiation as well as apoptosis. Image analysis was well correlated to cell cycle arrest and the expression of regulatory proteins.

title: Structural characterization of erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation in Friend XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity8985 :: ('1019', 'Gene') :: ['cyclin-dependent kinase 4']

entities_list: @entity6007 :: ('MESH:D004915', 'Disease') :: ['erythroleukemia']

entities_list: @entity16747 :: ('MESH:C014026', 'Chemical') :: ['hexamethylene bisacetamide', 'HMBA']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['phosphorylated retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity6007 :: (MESH:D004915,Disease) :: ['erythroleukemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In the presence of acute @entity32 and @entity39 of the wall, tracheo-bronchial defects are difficult to manage. The absence of adequate vascularization and the contaminated area prevent successful direct re-suturing. METHODS: In order to restore a sufficient blood supply we used a pedicled latissimus dorsi or a pectoralis major flap that was entered into the thorax after a 10-cm resection of the second rib. A portion of the muscle was fitted into the tracheo/bronchial defect by reinforced sutures. The remaining muscle was sutured to the tissue surrounding the defect. This method was applied in various septic conditions: Bronchial defects; complete dehiscence of the right (n = 6) or left (n = 1) main bronchus at the carinal level following resection for @entity2 (n = 4) or for @entity378 (n = 2) on nontuberculous @entity5390 (n = 1). @entity8276 ; (1) destruction of one third of the tracheal circumference involving the cricoid down to the fourth ring following tracheotomy in presence of a septic sternum after @entity13209 and @entity1691 ; (2) 30% dehiscence of the @entity254 and septic sternum following tracheal resection; (3) @entity1764 involving tracheal and esophageal wall following a 7 cm long iatrogenous laceration of the intrathoracic @entity825 . RESULTS: In one case the latissimus dorsi developed @entity2979 on day 2 and was replaced by the pectoralis major muscle which showed uneventful healing. In all other @entity1 the muscle flap resulted in an uneventful closure of the defect and recovery. CONCLUSIONS: Large, well vascularized, pedicled @entity121 ensure a safe closure of tracheo-bronchial defects or dehiscences even in presence of gross @entity39 and @entity295 .

title: Life-saving XXXX in tracheobronchial dehiscence following resection or trauma.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity13209 :: ('MESH:D006045', 'Disease') :: ['intrathoracic goiter']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1764 :: ('MESH:D008480', 'Disease') :: ['Mediastinitis']

entities_list: @entity5390 :: ('MESH:D011001', 'Disease') :: ['pleuropneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ["Bechterew's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2979 :: ('MESH:D054070', 'Disease') :: ['venous stasis']

entities_list: @entity8276 :: ('MESH:D014133', 'Disease') :: ['Tracheal defects']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculous']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle flaps']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['muscle flaps']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many @entity3179 are healed by the application of external compression. It has been suggested that bandages capable of producing greater compression enhance healing. The aim of this study was to compare the time to total healing of @entity3179 in two groups of @entity1 treated with different compression regimens in a randomized prospective trial. METHODS: A total of 112 @entity1 was studied and all were treated with a @entity219 -impregnated paste bandage applied directly to the @entity1066 . Fifty-seven @entity1 had the paste covered by Tensopress and 55 by Elastocrepe bandages. Both groups had a tubular bandage applied over the top to retain the bandage in place. All @entity1066 were stratified and randomized within one of three size groups. The 'venous' aetiology of the @entity1066 was confirmed on completion by @entity291 pump function tests. RESULTS: By 26 weeks, 58 per cent of the @entity1 treated with Tensopress and 62 per cent of those treated with Elastocrepe bandages were healed. The median healing times were 9 and 9.5 weeks respectively. Similar numbers of @entity1 were excluded or withdrawn from both groups. Large @entity1066 healed significantly more slowly than small @entity1066 . CONCLUSION: There was no significant improvement in venous @entity1066 using higher compression elastic bandages.

title: Randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy of two bandaging regimens in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulcer healing', 'ulcers']

entities_list: @entity3179 :: ('MESH:D014647', 'Disease') :: ['venous ulcers']

answer: @entity3179 :: (MESH:D014647,Disease) :: ['venous leg ulcers']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify a size cutoff below which it is safe to observe obscure @entity75 suspected of being metastases so that treatment of nonmetastases can be avoided. METHODS: Medical records from @entity1 who underwent linear accelerator-based radiosurgery from August 1991 to October 2001 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were defined as @entity75 @entity5 volume less than 5 cm(3) (diameter, thick similar 2.1 cm) treated with a dose of 20 Gy or more. One hundred thirty-five @entity1 had 153 evaluable brain metastases with follow-up imaging that met inclusion criteria. Median age was 54 years (range, 18-79 yr). Lesion primaries were non-small-cell lung (n = 39), @entity320 (n = 44), renal (n = 37), breast (n = 18), colon (n = 3), @entity242 (n = 5), other (n = 5), and unknown primary (n = 2). Median @entity5 volume was 0.67 cm(3) (range, 0.06-4.58 cm(3)). The minimum peripheral dose was 20 Gy (n = 132) or 21 to 24 Gy (n = 21). At the time of analysis, the median follow-up for all @entity1 was 10 months (range, 0.2-99 mo). RESULTS: The 1- and 2-year actuarial local control rates for all of the lesions were 69 and 46%, respectively. For lesions of 1 cm (0.5 cm(3)) or less, the corresponding local control rates were 86 and 78%, respectively, which was significantly higher than the corresponding rates of 56 and 24%, respectively, for lesions larger than 1 cm (0.5 cm(3)) (P = 0.0016). CONCLUSION: A convincing @entity75 measuring less than 1 cm should be pursued aggressively. If the suspected @entity75 is ambiguous, observation is proposed up to a diameter of 1 cm. This is the first study in the literature to identify a 1-cm cutoff for radiosurgical control of small brain metastases, and validation by additional studies is required.

title: The role of @entity5 size in the radiosurgical management of XXXX with ambiguous brain metastases.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesions', 'brain metastasis']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity4353 ( @entity3060 ) gene product, a transcription factor of the basic-helix-loop-helix type, is thought to play a role in the regulation of genes encoding the enzymes necessary for melanogenesis. These include @entity11442 , @entity22919 and @entity22920 . Melanocyte-specific isoform of @entity4353 , @entity3060 -M, is expressed in normal and malignant melanocytes. The presence of two other isoforms of @entity4353 , @entity3060 -A and @entity3060 -H, which differ from @entity3060 -M in the @entity1472 -terminus, was demonstrated also in some non-melanocytic lineages. Here we have analyzed the presence of all three known isoforms of @entity3060 mRNA in a panel of 17 @entity1 @entity320 cell lines by a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using isoform-specific primers. While, as expected, the predominant form in @entity320 cell lines was @entity3060 -M, low amounts of @entity3060 -A mRNA was found in almost all @entity320 , as well as in most of 20 @entity5 cell lines of the non-melanocyte origin (lung and @entity694 , @entity421 and @entity521 ). The expression of @entity3060 -H was not detected, with a few exceptions, in the tested cell lines. @entity22284 transcription factor was reported earlier to regulate positively the melanocyte-specific promoter of the @entity3060 gene. We found here that the @entity22284 mRNA was expressed in all @entity320 cell lines, even in those that had repressed the @entity3060 -M and were amelanotic. This suggests that additional factors, besides @entity22284 , are required for the @entity3060 expression. The @entity56292 ( @entity56292 ), a gene originally isolated from melanocytes and containing a strong transcription activation domain, was also found expressed in all @entity320 and most @entity5 cell lines. Together, these data indicate that the @entity3060 -M isoform is the major type of @entity3060 mRNA present in @entity1 @entity320 cell lines and show that the expression of the isoform @entity3060 -A and the @entity56292 is not restricted to malignant melanocytes and occurs in a wide range of @entity5 cell lines.

title: Expression of genes for @entity4353 isoforms, @entity22284 and XXXX , in @entity1 @entity320 .

entities_list: @entity4353 :: ('MESH:D008850', 'Disease') :: ['Microphthalmia', 'microphthalmia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'non-melanocyte tumor']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity56292 :: ('4435', 'Gene') :: ['MSG1', 'melanocyte-specific gene 1']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastomas']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'melanomas']

answer: @entity56292 :: (4435,Gene) :: ['MSG1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity421 ( @entity421 ) manifestations distant from the site of the @entity5 rarely arise as only sign of disease recurrence. METHODS: This report reviews 38 @entity1 with high-grade central @entity421 of the limbs or axial skeleton and initial complete surgical remission (CR) who developed first recurrences as solitary osseous lesions distant from the @entity5 . The @entity421 Study Group (COSS) database was used to evaluate @entity1 -, @entity5 -, and treatment-related variables and outcomes. RESULTS: Thirty-eight @entity1 (27 males and 11 females; 36 limb and 2 axial primaries) developed solitary osseous recurrences a median of 2.1 years (range: 0.5-14.3) from primary diagnosis. Relapses involved axial (24), extremity (10), or craniofacial bones (4). Treatment for recurrence included surgery (28), radiotherapy (10), and chemotherapy (27). After a median follow-up of 1.9 years (range: 0.1-21.2) from first recurrence for all 38 @entity1 and 5.5 years (0.3-21.2) for 16 survivors (10 in continuous second CR), 2- and 5-year overall and event-free survival (EFS) probabilities were 55% and 34% and 34% and 27%, respectively. A long interval to recurrence (>1.5 years) predicted for better overall (P < 0.001) and EFS (P = 0.005). For 21 @entity1 achieving a second CR, 2- and 5-year overall and EFS probabilities were 81% and 61% and 52% and 49%, respectively, while only 1/17 others survived beyond 5 years (P < 0.001). Survivors (14/16) had also received second-line chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: First solitary skeletal recurrences of @entity421 should be treated with curative intent. Some presumed bone metastases may represent second primary OSs.

title: XXXX recurrence. Findings from the @entity421 Study Group.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['Cooperative Osteosarcoma', 'Solitary skeletal osteosarcoma', 'OS']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['Solitary skeletal osteosarcoma']


abstract: An eight-year-old Japanese @entity1 developed @entity490 , followed by @entity410 and @entity909 . He was taken to an emergency room but could not be resuscitated. At autopsy, the left main coronary trunk (LMT) demonstrated an increase in caliber with severe luminal narrowing, and the @entity714 ( @entity714 ) subsequent to the LMT showed severe @entity850 . Microscopically, the intima of the LMT demonstrated severe @entity82 and infiltration of lymphocytes and histiocytes suggesting @entity1333 , and the small lumen was occupied by a fresh @entity715 . The @entity714 showed significant intimal thickening with strong lymphocytic inflammation at the edge of the thickening. The left ventricle showed widespread @entity583 in the recovery stage. There were no findings of @entity731 , @entity1333 or fibrocellular changes in the ascending aorta or intravisceral arteries other than the LMT and the @entity714 under investigation. The increase in the caliber of the LMT and the limitation of @entity3468 to the LMT and the subsequent branch suggested @entity573 ( @entity573 ), but it was atypical that the @entity1 had no clinical history consistent with @entity573 . The present case showed no findings suggesting classical @entity11657 (cPAN) at the acute or scar stage in the other vessels being investigated, and cPAN in childhood is rare compared to @entity573 . A nonspecific inflammatory reaction (single organ @entity1333 , SOV) was also considered as a possible cause, but it is difficult to determine whether the cause of the @entity3979 in the present case was SOV because the sampling of arteries was insufficient. If forensic pathologists make unusual findings suggesting @entity1333 at autopsy, the collection of a sufficient number of vessels of various sizes is warranted.

title: Sudden death of a @entity1 from @entity583 due to XXXX of the left coronary trunk.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsion']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity573 :: ('MESH:C537014', 'Disease') :: ['KD', 'Kawasaki disease']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['LAD', 'left anterior descending branch']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity3468 :: ('MESH:D001167', 'Disease') :: ['arteritis']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity11657 :: ('MESH:D010488', 'Disease') :: ['polyarteritis nodosa']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity3468 :: (MESH:D001167,Disease) :: ['arteritis']


abstract: Little is known about risk factors for @entity4676 ( @entity4676 ) and @entity1765 ( @entity1765 ) but maternal psychological morbidity in pregnancy may be associated with @entity4676 / @entity1765 . We examined whether pre- and post-natal parental @entity148 and/or @entity308 are associated with risk of @entity4676 / @entity1765 in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and @entity1 . We compared self-reported @entity148 and @entity308 measures collected prospectively at four time points (18 and 32  weeks prenatally, and 8  weeks and 8  months post-natally) among parents of @entity1 who subsequently met criteria for @entity4676 / @entity1765 at 13  years of age as compared to other @entity1 from the cohort. We adjusted for various socioeconomic measures and tested both for time period-specific exposure and chronic exposure using multivariable logistic regression models. 122 @entity1 had @entity4676 / @entity1765 (50 @entity4676 , 72 @entity1765 ) and 5968 @entity1 had no tics. In crude analyses, both pre- and post-natal maternal @entity148 and @entity308 , but only post-natal paternal @entity308 at 8  months, showed associations with @entity4676 / @entity1765 . In the final, adjusted multivariable models, chronic maternal @entity148 (odds ratio 2.17, 95  % CI 1.23, 3.84, p  =  0.007) and pre-natal maternal @entity308 (odds ratio 1.86, 95  % CI 1.02, 3.39, p  =  0.04) showed associations with @entity4676 / @entity1765 though the latter was consistent with chance (p  =  0.07) after adjustment for past maternal @entity308 . We find associations between maternal psychological morbidity pre- and post-natally and risk of future @entity4676 / @entity1765 in offspring. These associations may reflect either shared genetic susceptibility or a pre-natal exposure. Further work is required to see if these findings can be replicated in larger datasets.

title: Parental mood during pregnancy and post-natally is associated with offspring risk of XXXX or chronic tics: prospective data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and @entity1 (ALSPAC).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1765 :: ('MESH:D013981', 'Disease') :: ['chronic tic disorders', 'CT']

entities_list: @entity4676 :: ('MESH:D005879', 'Disease') :: ['TS', 'Tourette syndrome']

answer: @entity4676 :: (MESH:D005879,Disease) :: ['Tourette syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction: Advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is traditionally treated with @entity902 -based chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Since immunotherapy holds promise for treating advanced @entity1149 , we assessed the systemic effects of the traditional therapies for @entity1149 on immune cell composition and function. Methods: 84 @entity420 @entity1 , treated either with chemotherapy or radiotherapy, were studied. A prospective study of 23 @entity1 was conducted in which the myeloid and lymphoid cell compartments of peripheral blood were analyzed. Changes in cell populations were validated in a retrospective cohort of 61 @entity420 @entity1 using automated differential counts collected throughout therapy. Furthermore, the functional capacity of circulating T cells and @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) was studied. Blood samples of healthy individuals were used as controls. Results: In comparison to healthy controls, untreated @entity420 @entity1 display an elevated frequency of myeloid cells coinciding with relative lower frequencies of lymphocytes and dendritic cells. Standard chemotherapy had no overt effects on myeloid and lymphoid cell composition nor on T-cell and @entity1358 -function. In contrast, @entity1 treated with radiotherapy displayed a decrease in lymphoid cells and a relative increase in monocytes/macrophages. Importantly, these changes were associated with a reduced @entity1358 function and an impaired response of T cells to recall antigens. Conclusions: @entity902 -based standard of care chemotherapy for @entity1149 has no profound negative effect on the immune cell composition and function. The negative effect of prolonged low-dose radiotherapy on the immune system warrants future studies on the optimal dose and fraction of radiotherapy when combined with immunotherapy.

title: Standard radiotherapy but not chemotherapy impairs systemic immunity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary adenocarcinoma', 'adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['APC', 'antigen-presenting cells']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['Platinum', 'platinum']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: High fat feeding reportedly enhances hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) responses to stress in adult @entity35 . The present study tested whether elevated fat intake during suckling could have short and/or long lasting consequences on HPA regulation in the offspring. Mothers were fed either a control (C; 5% fat) or @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ; 20% fat) diet during the last week of gestation and throughout lactation. After weaning (day 21), pups from C and @entity1386 mothers were fed a chow diet. Offspring from both C- and @entity1386 -fed mothers were tested for ACTH and @entity2819 responses to stress on postnatal days 10 and 35. We found that @entity1386 feeding produced higher lipid levels in the milk of @entity1386 compared with C lactating @entity35 dams and that offspring of these mothers had significantly increased retroperitoneal fat pad weight and relative adipose mass on day 21 as well as elevated plasma @entity10672 levels on days 10 and 21 of age. After weaning, pups from the @entity1386 mothers had lower plasma @entity10672 levels than those from C mothers. Maternal dietary fat affected HPA responsiveness in the offspring in an age-related manner. Neonatal pups (day 10) from the @entity1386 mothers exhibited a reduction in the ACTH and @entity2819 responses to ether stress. However, in 35-day-old offspring from @entity1386 -fed dams, stress-induced ACTH secretion was increased compared with that in pups from the C-fed mothers. These results demonstrate that maternal diet and increased fat intake through the milk are important regulators of HPA responsiveness in neonates and prepubertal @entity35 . During neonatal life, the blunted stress responsiveness seen with elevated fat intake and the resulting high @entity10672 levels might protect the pups from excessive HPA activation. After removal of the maternal dietary influence and reduced @entity10672 levels, enhanced ACTH stress responses are observed as in adult @entity35 fed a @entity1386 diet. Because of the inverse relationship between plasma levels of @entity10672 and HPA responses in pups, the possibility exists that the effects of the @entity1386 diet on stress responsiveness are mediated by changes in @entity10672 exposure during development.

title: Increased fat intake during lactation modifies hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responsiveness in developing XXXX pups: a possible role for @entity10672 .

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: AIM: To determine the frequency and pattern of @entity4461 in @entity1 with @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ) and to evaluate the adequacy of preventive anticoagulant or antiaggregant therapy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The prospective study conducted at the Department for High-Dose Chemotherapy and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hematology Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, in March 2012 to May 2013, enrolled 25 @entity1 (13 @entity1 and 12 @entity1 ) aged 29-72 years (median age 54 years) with new-onset @entity1582 . The latter was staged using the Durie-Salmon classification: Stages I, II, and III were determined in 2, 10, and 13 @entity1 , respectively. Seven @entity1 were found to have @entity8 (which corresponded to Substage B). The hemostasis was evaluated from the results of the following tests: activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), @entity556 time (TT), Xlla-dependent fibrinolysis time, Quick prothrombin index, international normalized ratio (INR), and @entity2002 and D-dimer concentrations. The investigators used new hemostatic techniques, such as @entity556 generation test, thromboelastography, as well as thrombodynamics, a novel method to determine the characteristics of spatial clot growth. Induction therapy was performed using the PAD and VCD regimens. @entity715 were prevented by using 24-hour infusion of unfractionated heparin (500 U/hr) or by administering @entity117 (100 mg/day). RESULTS: @entity49 was identified in 17 (68%) @entity1 . Eleven (44%) @entity1 had elevated D-dimer concentrations. The level of D-dimer was statistically significantly positively correlated with the endogenous @entity556 potential and the amount of @entity2262 . The thrombodynamic technique revealed an inverse relationship between the level of paraprotein and the optimal density of a fibrin clot. A @entity715 episode was seen in one elderly (71-year-old) @entity1 after @entity117 discontinuation during long-term immobilization. CONCLUSION: Nearly 50% of the primary @entity1 with @entity1582 were ascertained to be more prone to @entity715 . Infusion of unfractionated heparin in a dose of 500 U/hr or administration of @entity117 (100 mg/day) was the adequate prevention of @entity715 events.

title: [ @entity49 in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity2262 :: ('567', 'Gene') :: ['beta2-microglobulin']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['Hypercoagulability']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity4461 :: ('MESH:D020141', 'Disease') :: ['blood clotting disorders']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'thrombotic', 'Thromboses']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['multiple myeloma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Although @entity1174 is the most common complication of @entity7463 ( @entity7463 ), the clinical impact of @entity1174 on disease course and survival has not been fully estimated. Thus, we retrospectively analyzed the prognostic factors and clinical consequences of @entity55 in @entity7463 . METHODS: The clinical course of @entity1 with @entity1174 was surveyed. The association between baseline clinical features (2 years from disease onset) and latency to the initial development of @entity55 was investigated using survival time and Cox regression analyses. RESULTS: Ninety @entity1 with a clinical diagnosis of @entity7463 were observed for 5.1  3.8 years (mean  SD), and 22 had @entity1174 . Subsequently, 20 @entity1 (91%) had to discontinue oral feeding entirely and 13 (59%) died, whereas, of 68 @entity1 without @entity55 , only three @entity1 (4%) died. Time to initial development of @entity55 was strongly correlated with survival time (Spearman R = 0.92, P<0.001), with a mean latency of 2.3 years to @entity204 . Among baseline clinical features, @entity2749 and @entity73 were significant predictors of @entity55 (P = 0.001 and P<0.001, respectively, log rank test). Cox regression analysis demonstrated that @entity2749 (adjusted hazard ratio: 3.9, 95% confidence interval: 1.2-12.5, P = 0.03) and @entity73 (adjusted hazard ratio: 5.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.4-19.3, P = 0.02) independently predicted @entity55 . By contrast, @entity1282 was not associated with @entity55 (P = 0.2, log rank test). CONCLUSION: Initial development of @entity55 indicates an unfavorable clinical course and predicts survival time (mean survival time 2.3 years). @entity1 with early falls and @entity73 were at high risk of early development of @entity55 .

title: Impact of XXXX on the Clinical Course of @entity7463 : A Retrospective Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2749 :: ('MESH:C580065', 'Disease') :: ['early fall episodes']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity1174 :: ('MESH:D011015', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity7463 :: ('MESH:D013494', 'Disease') :: ['progressive supranuclear palsy', 'PSP']

answer: @entity1174 :: (MESH:D011015,Disease) :: ['Aspiration Pneumonia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Diffuse low-grade @entity11 are rare primitive @entity5 of adults. These @entity5 progress continuously over time and then turn to a higher grade of @entity5 associated with @entity16 , leading ultimately to @entity204 . @entity5 size is one of the most important prognostic factors. Thus, it is of great importance to be able to assess the volume of the @entity5 during the @entity1 ' monitoring. MRI is nowadays the recommended modality to achieve this. Furthermore, if surgery remains the first option for diffuse low-grade @entity11 , chemotherapy is increasingly used (before or after a possible surgery). However, crucial and difficult questions remain to be answered: identifying subgroups of @entity1 who could benefit from chemotherapy, determining the best time to initiate chemotherapy, defining the duration of chemotherapy and evaluating the optimal time to perform surgery, or otherwise radiotherapy. In this study, we propose to help clinicians in decision-making, by designing new predictive models dedicated to the evolution of the diameter of the @entity5 . Two proposed statistical models (linear and exponential) have been validated on a database of 16 @entity1 whose @entity2903 -based chemotherapy lasted between 14 and 32 months, with an average duration of 22.8 months. The selection of the most appropriate model has been achieved with the corrected Akaike's Information Criterion. The results are very promising, with coefficients of determination varying from 0.79 to 0.97 with an average value of 0.90 for the linear model. This shows it is possible to alert the clinician to a change in the @entity5 diameter's dynamics.

title: Predictive models for diffuse low-grade XXXX @entity1 under chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cerebral tumours', 'Tumour', 'malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disability']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['glioma']


abstract: Between 1975 and 1983, 9434 colonoscopic examinations were performed at the University Hospital of Z  rich. @entity455 was detected in 84 @entity1 and there were 48 mucosal biopsies from 46 @entity1 . From the total of 48 biopsies only 24 (50%) showed @entity455 . The most frequent lesion encountered was groups of thin-walled dilated vessels in the lamina propria seen in 21 biopsies from 20 @entity1 . These dilated vessels are not specific but in respect of age (median 69 years), location (predominantly in the caecum and the ascending colon) and frequent multiplicity, they are suggestive of @entity2817 . Five of the 20 @entity1 suffered from @entity417 due to @entity548 . The three other positive biopsies (from two @entity1 ) revealed a tiny haemangioma in the sigmoid colon of a 28-year-old @entity1 and a few large, thick-walled probably malformed vessels in the mucosa of the caecum of a 17-year-old @entity1 . Twenty-four biopsies did not show any histologically significant @entity455 . Mucosal biopsy of @entity455 detected during routine colonoscopic examination will, if positive, most frequently simply confirm the endoscopically diagnosed @entity455 and may in rare cases show or alert suspicion to @entity455 other than @entity2817 . Definitive morphological diagnosis will however only rarely be achieved by this method of investigation.

title: Mucosal biopsy of XXXX ( @entity2817 ) of the large bowel detected during routine colonoscopic examination.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions', 'Localized vascular ectasia', 'vascular anomaly', 'vascular ectasia', 'vascular anomalies']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['chronic anaemia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity2817 :: ('MESH:D016888', 'Disease') :: ['angiodysplasia']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['vascular ectasia']


abstract: Transplant @entity2791 (TRAS) is a cause of severe post transplant @entity101 with a widely variable reported incidence from 1 to 25%. We herein report 3 cases of endoluminal stent placement after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for treatment of TRAS. Clinical and laboratory findings during their follow-up, suggestive of TRAS included: elevated mean blood pressure, bruit over the graft area(2/3), and increase in serum @entity1011 (2/3). Doppler sonography, radioisotope renography and arteriography were performed to confirm TRAS diagnosis. The series includes 2 female and 1 male @entity1 ; the time elapsed between transplantation and TRAS diagnosis was 25 d, 12 and 65 months, respectively. All grafts were from living related donors. @entity1 received at least 3 antihypertensive drugs without adequate blood pressure control. Vascular @entity254 was end to end from the renal to the hypogastric artery in two cases, and end to side to the external iliac artery in the other one. After the diagnosis of TRAS, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with endoluminal metallic Palmaz stent placement was accomplished in the three cases. No complications occurred during or after the procedures. Beneficial clinical results were obtained in all cases documented by a decrease in both: serum @entity1011 , and mean blood pressure. Average follow-up after stent placement was 13, 19 and 36 months, respectively without evidence of stenosis recurrence CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with stent placement is a safe and effective treatment for TRAS associated @entity101 and @entity8 . Extended follow-up is necessary to evaluate long-term efficacy and safety of this procedure.

title: [ XXXX after transplantation: treatment using percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and placement of an expandable metal luminal prosthesis].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['renal artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity2791 :: (MESH:D012078,Disease) :: ['Renal artery stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: High serum @entity412 to high-density lipoprotein @entity165 (TG/HDL-C) ratio has been found to be an independent predictor for cardiovascular events in the general population. We aimed to evaluate whether a high TG/HDL-C ratio was associated with an increased risk of mortality in @entity1 on continuous ambulatory @entity298 (CAPD). METHODS AND RESULTS: In this single-center retrospective cohort study, 1170 incident @entity1 on @entity298 ( @entity298 ) from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2011 were recruited and followed up until 31 December 31 2013. The mean age was 47.4      15.2 years, and 24.7% were @entity6 . During a median of the 34.5-month follow-up period, 213 (18.2%) deaths occurred, 121 of which (56.8%) were caused by @entity65 ( @entity65 ). The serum median TG/HDL-C ratio at baseline was 2.57 (range: 0.06-39.39). On multivariate Cox regression analysis, the highest quartile of the TG/HDL-C ratio (>= 4.19) was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 1.98, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.17-3.36; P  =  0.011) and @entity65 mortality (HR 2.28, 95% CI, 1.16-4.47; P  =  0.017). For female @entity1 , each one-unit higher baseline TG/HDL-C was associated with 13% (95% CI 1.06-1.22; P  =  0.001) increased risk of @entity65 mortality, whereas such an association was not observed for male @entity1 , (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.92-1.08; P  =  0.977). CONCLUSIONS: A higher serum TG/HDL-C ratio was associated with an increased risk of all-cause and @entity65 mortality in @entity298 @entity1 . Moreover, the increased risk of @entity65 mortality was significantly higher in female than male @entity298 @entity1 .

title: Higher serum @entity412 to high-density lipoprotein @entity165 ratio was associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in female @entity1 on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal dialysis', 'PD']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['peritoneal dialysis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine endolymphatic hydrops (EH) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in @entity1 with definite @entity195 ( @entity601 ) and those with nonotological diseases. METHODS: We studied 32 @entity1 with unilateral @entity601 , 10 @entity1 with bilateral @entity601 and 21 @entity1 with control ears who had other benign diseases not associated with @entity393 . The mean age of the subjects was 54.0 years (range 27-74) in the @entity601 group and 56.1 years (range 24-79) in the control group. Using MRI, the degree of EH was classified as none, mild and significant in the cochlea and vestibule separately. The ratio of the area of endolymphatic space to the vestibular fluid space was calculated for the vestibule. The duration of @entity601 was defined as the months between the first attack of @entity601 and the MRI study. RESULTS: EH was present in the cochlea of 45/52 affected ears of @entity1 with @entity601 (87%) and in 16/42 control ears (38%). Significant @entity18129 was present in 37/52 affected ears (71%) and in 4/42 control ears (10%). EH in the vestibule was present in 49/52 affected ears (94%) and in 3/42 control ears (7%). Significant vestibular hydrops was present in 40/52 affected ears (77%) and in none of the 42 control ears. There was no relationship between the degree of EH and its duration. Using a cut off value for the relative size of EH in the vestibule of 41.9%, the test had a sensitivity of 88.5% and a specificity of 100% to diagnose definite @entity601 . CONCLUSION: Cochlear EH was occasionally observed in control ears on MRI, as in normal temporal bone specimens. The presence or absence and degree of vestibular EH were significantly different between ears with @entity601 and control ears. EH in the vestibule might be a specific predictor of definite @entity601 .

title: Imaging of the endolymphatic space in XXXX with @entity195 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["M  ni  re's disease"]

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing or vestibular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity18129 :: ('MESH:D015834', 'Disease') :: ['cochlear hydrops']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of residual microcalcifications on mammogram (MG) in predicting the extent of the @entity41 after neoadjuvant systemic treatment (NST) in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 and to evaluate factors affecting the accuracy of MG microcalcifications using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a reference. METHODS: The @entity1 who underwent NST and showed suspicious microcalcifications on MG comprised our study population. Clinicopathologic and imaging (MG, MRI) findings were investigated. Agreement between image findings and pathology was assessed and factors affecting the discrepancy were analyzed. RESULTS: Among 207 @entity1 , 196 had @entity513 or @entity513 -in-situ (mean size, 3.78  cm). The overall agreement of residual microcalcifications on MG predicting @entity41 extents was lower than MRI in all @entity5 subtypes (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]  =  0.368 and 0.723, p  <  0.0001). The agreement of residual MG microcalcifications and pathology was highest in HR(+)/ @entity1722 (+) @entity5 and lowest in the @entity5 (ICC  =  0.417 and 0.205, respectively). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that a size discrepancy between microcalcifications and histopathology was correlated with molecular subtype (p  =  0.005). In HR(+)/ @entity1722 (-) and triple-negative subtypes, the mean extents of residual microcalcification @entity5 , and overestimation of @entity5 extent was more frequent in HR(+)/ @entity1722 (+) and HR(-)/ @entity1722 (+) @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: The extent of microcalcifications on MG after NST showed an overall lower correlation with the extent of the pathologic @entity41 than enhancing lesions on MRI. The accuracy of @entity41 evaluation after NST with MG and MRI is affected by their molecular subtype.

title: Residual Mammographic Microcalcifications and Enhancing Lesions on MRI After Neoadjuvant Systemic Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced @entity0 : Correlation with Histopathologic XXXX Size.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'triple-negative tumors', 'tumors', 'were smaller than residual cancer']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['residual invasive ductal carcinoma', 'ductal carcinoma']

answer: @entity41 :: (MESH:D018365,Disease) :: ['Residual Tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In vitro and in vivo animal studies suggest that sex @entity230 , such as @entity172 and @entity251 , could protect the brain. However, @entity172 replacement therapy (ERT) for @entity195 ( @entity195 ) in @entity1 has not been successful. We hypothesised that the lack of effect of ERT might be related to an interaction between @entity172 and some other factor(s) associated with @entity195 . DESIGN, SETTING AND METHODS: We analysed total @entity172 (TE) and @entity251 (TT) levels in @entity1 diagnosed with @entity195 and controls of the Oxford Project To Investigate Memory and Ageing. Because @entity53 ( @entity19078 ) after the menopause is largely derived from @entity1815 (TE1), we computed the ratio @entity19078 /(TE1+ @entity19078 ) and a total @entity134 index (TT+ @entity19078 +TE1). RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity195 (n=66) had significantly higher levels of @entity19078 (27+/-13 vs. 21+/-13) and a higher @entity19078 /(TE1+ @entity19078 ) ratio. Stepwise logistic regression analyses showed that the @entity19078 /(TE1+ @entity19078 ) ratio was the main sex @entity134 predictor for @entity195 (O.R.=1.06, 95% C.I.=1.01-1.11, p<0.01). Multiple regression analyses revealed that @entity303 severity was associated with an interaction between the @entity19078 /(TE1+ @entity19078 ) ratio and serum @entity1501 (B=4.59 (SE=1.48), beta=1.22, 95% C.I.=1.62-7.56, p<0.005). None of the other potential mediators of this association (body mass index, sex hormone binding globulin, @entity1255 levels, @entity2204 genotype, smoking, @entity6 , blood pressure) was significant. MAIN FINDINGS: A high ratio of @entity53 to total @entity172 is associated with @entity195 but, in subjects with a high ratio, the @entity303 severity was lower in those with high serum @entity1501 levels. CONCLUSIONS: If this association is causal, then supplementation with @entity1501 might be considered in future studies on ERT in @entity195 .

title: The interaction of serum XXXX and @entity53 levels in @entity195 .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen', 'estrogens']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['folic acid', 'folate']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity1501 :: (MESH:D005492,Chemical) :: ['folate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: If carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a clinical model of @entity64 , then it should be possible to determine the relevance of embolus size and of the total quantity of embolic material ( @entity887 ) for @entity385 . MATERIAL/METHODS: Thirty-one @entity1 underwent a total of 33 CEAs. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) was performed on the day before and after CEA. A new hyperintense signal on the postoperative DWI was considered a new @entity2806 . Intraoperatively detected @entity7303 ( @entity7303 ) were quantified (in cm) by multiplying @entity887 within the Doppler sample volume. With this relative index, emboli were classified into small (<0.56 cm), medium-sized (0.56-1.12 cm) and large (1.12-1.70 cm). RESULTS: For each category of embolus size, @entity887 (in cm/minute) was expressed as the sum of all quantified emboli divided by minutes of CEA duration. By logistic regression analysis, the occurrence of a new @entity2806 was related to an @entity887 with medium-sized emboli (without lesion, 0.029 cm/minute; with lesion, 0.157 cm/minute; p=0.018), and with large emboli (without lesion, 0.015; with lesion, 0.055; p=0.038), but not to an @entity887 with small emboli or the largest embolus per CEA. CONCLUSIONS: The leading reason for @entity2806 in CEA is multiple @entity887 with emboli of medium and large size. This conceptual model may also apply to carotid @entity455 .

title: XXXX in carotid surgery: a model for @entity1 @entity64 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7303 :: ('MESH:C566796', 'Disease') :: ['microembolic signals', 'MES']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['embolic stroke']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['artery disease']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic lesion', 'cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolus load', 'embolus velocity by the embolus presence', 'embolism']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['Embolic cerebral ischemia']