abstract: Increasing studies suggest the importance of including prospective memory measures in clinical evaluation of @entity303 due to its sensitivity and functional relevance. The Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRQM) is originally a self-rated memory inventory that offers a direct comparison between prospective and episodic memory. However, the informant's report has been recognized as a more valid source of cognitive complaints. We thus aimed to examine the validity of the informant-rated form of the PRMQ in assessing memory function of the @entity1 and in detecting individuals with early @entity303 . The informants of 140 neurological outpatients with memory complaints completed the Taiwan version of the PRMQ. Tests of prospective memory, short-term memory, and general cognitive ability were also administered to non-demented @entity1 and @entity1 with early stages of @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Results showed significant relationships between the PRMQ ratings and objective cognitive measures, and showed that higher ratings on the PRMQ were associated with increasing odds of greater @entity303 severity. Receiver operative characteristic (ROC) curves showed an adequate ability of the PRMQ to identify @entity1 with @entity303 (93% sensitivity and 84% specificity). Hierarchical regression revealed that the PRMQ has additional explanatory power for @entity303 status after controlling for age, education and objective memory test results, and that the prospective memory subscale owns predictive value for @entity303 beyond the retrospective memory subscale. The present study demonstrated the external validity and diagnostic value of informants' evaluation of their respective @entity1 ' prospective and retrospective memory functioning, and highlighted the important role of prospective memory in early @entity303 detection. The proxy-version of the PRMQ is a useful tool that captures prospective and episodic @entity2414 in @entity1 with early @entity195 , in combination with standardized cognitive testing.

title: The clinical utility of informants' appraisals on prospective and retrospective memory in XXXX with early @entity195 .

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory problems']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Immunotherapies targeting cellular immunity are currently approved for treatment of @entity320 , @entity1358 , and @entity263 . Studies on the immunogenicity and immune responsiveness of @entity5 are limited, therefore, it remains unclear to what extent T-cell-based immunotherapy holds promise for pediatric @entity5 . PROCEDURE: A new @entity980 cell line (M3-9-M) was derived from an @entity2875 ( @entity2875 ) occurring in a C57BL/6 @entity19 transgenic for hepatocyte growth factor and heterozygous for mutated @entity899 . @entity5 and @entity3 derived from M3-9-M were studied for similarities to @entity1 @entity2875 , and for immunogenicity and immune responsiveness. RESULTS: Primary and @entity3 develop after orthotopic injection of M3-9-M into immunocompetent C57BL/6 @entity19 , which mirror @entity1 @entity2875 with regard to histology, gene expression, and metastatic behavior. Whole cell vaccination using irradiated M3-9-M cells or M3-9-M-pulsed dendritic cells (DC)-induced @entity5 -specific T-cell responses that prevent @entity5 growth following low-dose @entity5 injection, and slow @entity5 growth following higher doses. Administration of anti- @entity3783 moAbs to deplete @entity1961 (+) @entity3783 (+)FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells prior to @entity5 vaccination enhanced the potency of the @entity5 vaccine. Adoptive immunotherapy with M3-9-M primed T cells plus DC-based vaccination resulted in complete eradication of day 10 M3-9-M derived @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: M3-9-M derived @entity19 @entity2875 is immunogenic and immunoresponsive; regulatory T cells contribute to immune evasion by @entity19 @entity980 . Adoptive immunotherapy with DC vaccination can eradicate low @entity5 burdens. Future work will seek to identify the @entity5 -associated antigens that mediate protective and therapeutic immunity in this model.

title: @entity19 XXXX is immunogenic and responsive to T-cell-based immunotherapy.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['ERMS tumor', 'tumor', 'pediatric tumors', 'Primary tumors', 'tumors', 'solid tumors']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2875 :: ('MESH:D018233', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma', 'ERMS']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'metastatic tumors']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity980 :: (MESH:D012208,Disease) :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']


abstract: A 29-year-old @entity1 was admitted in March 1998 due to high plasma ACTH levels, @entity2588 and uncontrolled @entity6 ( @entity6 ) which had persisted since 1991. Plasma ACTH levels showed a wide range of changes: they were usually high (59-240 pg/ml), intermittently very high (336-942 pg/ml), and sometimes normal or low. Plasma @entity701 levels were usually normal but were sometimes high when the ACTH levels were very high. However, even when the plasma ACTH levels were very high, she did not show any cushingoid features. @entity6 was diagnosed as non-insulin-dependent @entity6 . Plasma ACTH showed an excessive response to CRH, while @entity701 showed a delayed response. Plasma @entity701 showed a poor response to ACTH-(1-24). @entity4787 gene analysis revealed no mutations in the @entity4787 -coding region. MRI showed a nonenhancing mass on the left side of the pituitary. Cavernous sinus sampling showed a very high plasma ACTH level in the left cavernous sinus compared with the levels in the right cavernous sinus and peripheral blood. Sephadex G-75 gel filtration of plasma ACTH immunoreactivity in plasma obtained by cavernous sinus sampling showed mainly high molecular forms of ACTH, probably proopiomelanocortin and ACTH-beta-lipotropin. This case is a very rare form of @entity977 showing intermittent secretion of high molecular ACTH unaccompanied by cushingoid features.

title: XXXX showing intermittent secretion of high molecular weight adrenocorticotropin without evidence of Cushing's disease.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenoma']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['Pituitary adenoma']


abstract: The present study examined the distributions of @entity10277 mRNA and @entity39858 mRNA in the central nervous system (CNS) of the @entity35 by using in situ hybridization histochemistry. These connexins are the best studied gap junction proteins; @entity39858 forms direct cell-cell channels in the liver, as does @entity10277 in the heart. There was a differential distribution of cells containing @entity39858 mRNA compared with the population of cells which contained @entity10277 mRNA, thus implying a regional specificity in the expression of connexins in the CNS. Cells containing @entity10277 mRNA were uniformly distributed throughout the gray matter of the neuraxis. Several areas had a higher concentration of cells that express @entity10277 , such as layer IA of the piriform cortex, supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus, anterior cortical amygdaloid nucleus, the reticular part of the substantia nigra, lateral habenula, mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus. Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum, facial nucleus, prepositus hypoglossal nucleus, and dorsal cochlear nucleus. The pattern of @entity10277 hybridization and the morphology of @entity10277 mRNA containing cells suggest that this gap junction forming protein is found predominantly in astrocytes. @entity39858 mRNA was detected in discrete cell groups of the gray matter that appeared to be neurons, including cells in layer 2 of the neocortex, layer II of the piriform cortex, pyramidal cell layer of the hippocampus, granule and polymorphic cell layers of the dentate gyrus, islands of Calleja, olfactory tubercle, lateral thalamic nuclei, lateral habenula, and Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellar cortex. A large population of cells in white matter tracts that were labelled with the @entity39858 riboprobe appeared to be oligodendrocytes. These studies suggest that neurons and glial cells express @entity39858 mRNA, but only astrocytes express @entity10277 mRNA. Many of the areas in which connexin mRNAs were demonstrated have electrically coupled cells, morphologically distinct gap junction plaques, and/or have immunocytochemically identifiable connexin proteins. These results indicate that cells with mRNAs coding for intercellular channels have a widespread distribution in the @entity1 CNS.

title: Distribution of mRNAs coding for liver and heart gap junction proteins in the XXXX central nervous system.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Acute @entity788 is a serious complication of diagnostic and therapeutic Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). In addition, serum pancreatic enzymes increase without symptoms in about 40-50% of @entity1 undergoing these endoscopic procedures. In order to evaluate the efficacy of @entity2390 in the prevention of these complications, we performed this randomised, prospective study. METHODOLOGY: We studied 73 @entity1 (31 males, 42 females), mean age 63.3 +/- 12.9 years (range 28-87 yrs). The @entity1 were randomly allocated into two groups (A and B). Group A (37 @entity1 ) was given 0.1 mg of @entity2390 subcutaneously 30 min before and 8 and 16 hours after the procedure, and group B (36 @entity1 ) was given a placebo. Serum amylase was measured 30 min before and 3 and 6 hrs after ERCP. All @entity1 were subjected to ultrasonography for signs of @entity788 . There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups concerning age, sex and indication for ERCP. Endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) was performed in 14 @entity1 of group A and 10 @entity1 of group B. RESULTS: There were 4 cases of acute @entity788 in each group and the mean serum amylase at 3 and 6 hrs was comparable (494/676 and 429/582 IU/L, respectively). In comparing @entity1 who were subjected to either diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP, there was no statistically significant difference concerning episodes of acute @entity788 and the level of serum amylase. CONCLUSION: @entity2390 does not seem to prevent acute @entity788 and hyperamylasaemia after diagnostic and therapeutic ERCP.

title: The effect of @entity2390 on the prevention of acute XXXX and hyperamylasemia after diagnostic and therapeutic ERCP.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'pancreatic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide', 'Octreotide']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: AIM: Graded exercise testing (GXT) is used in @entity453 ( @entity453 ) prevention and rehabilitation programs. In @entity1 , this test has a decreased accuracy and predictive value but there are few studies that examine the predictors of a verified positive test. The aim of this study was to determine those pretest variables that might enhance the predictive value of the GXT in @entity1 clients. METHODS: Medical records of 1761 @entity1 referred for GXT's over a 5 yr period of time were screened. Demographic, medical, and exercise test variables were analyzed. The GXT's of 403 @entity1 were available for inclusion and they were stratified into 3 groups: positive responders that were subsequently shown to have @entity453 (N.=28 verified positive [VP]), positive responders that were not shown to have @entity453 (N.=84 non-verified positive [NVP]) and negative GXT responders (N.=291). Both univariate and a multivariate step-wise regression statistics were performed on this data. RESULTS: Pretest variables that differentiated between VP and NVP groups are: (an older age=65.8 vs. 60.2 yrs. P<0.05; a greater BMI=30.8 vs. 28.8 kg/m2; @entity6 status or an elevated fasting @entity413 =107.4 vs. 95.2 mg/dL P<0.05; and the use of some cardiovascular medications. Our subsequent linear regression analysis emphasized that HDL @entity165 and beta blocker usage were the most predictive of a positive exercise test in this cohort. CONCLUSION: The American Heart Association recommends GXT's in @entity1 with an intermediate pretest probability of @entity453 . But there are only two clinical variables available prior to testing to make this probability decision: age and quality of @entity662 . This study outlined that other pre-exercise test variables such as: BMI, blood chemistry ( @entity413 and lipoprotein levels) and the use of cardiovascular medications are useful in clinical decision making. These pre-exercise test variables improved the predictive value of the GXT's in our sample.

title: Pretest variables that improve the predictive value of exercise testing in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: We describe 2 cases of angioblastoma, a rare, destructive @entity5 , treated with interferon alfa 2b (IFNalpha2b). The first @entity1 is a 10-month-old male who presented with an @entity69688 that could not be completely resected. The second is a male neonate with a @entity5 of the right hand that invaded the hypothenar eminence, destroying the fourth and fifth metacarpals. Biopsy in both @entity1 was interpreted as @entity7468 . Angioblastoma is rare; there is only 1 reported case that necessitated amputation of an @entity2045 , also initially recommended for our @entity1 . Because there is little experience with chemotherapy, permission was granted to employ an antiangiogenic regimen of IFNalpha2b. The angiogenic protein, @entity540 ( @entity540 ), was abnormally elevated in both @entity1 . Both @entity1 received IFNalpha2b. In the first @entity1 , it was used after incomplete resection, because biopsy-proven @entity5 was present at the margin and in the nasopharynx. Biopsies 15 months after initiation of IFN2alphab were negative for @entity5 . Therapy was stopped after 3 years. Eighteen months later, the @entity1 remains disease-free. In the second @entity1 , IFNalpha2b was started after debridement of the @entity5 . Over 11 months, the @entity5 completely regressed and there was bony regeneration of the metacarpals. The fifth digit was amputated because of damage to the metacarpophalangeal joint by the @entity5 . IFNalpha2b therapy was discontinued after 1 year of treatment, and the @entity1 remains disease-free 2 years and 8 months later. In conclusion, this report demonstrates that: 1) a @entity540 -overexpressing low-grade @entity5 can respond to IFNalpha2b in a manner similar to life-threatening @entity7492 , 2) urinary @entity540 levels can help guide @entity3027 dosage in such @entity1 , and 3) although @entity540 -mediated @entity5 angiogenesis is inhibited by @entity3027 , physiologic angiogenesis seems to be unaffected.

title: Successful antiangiogenic therapy of XXXX with interferon alfa 2b: report of 2 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'congenital tumor', 'pediatric tumor', 'ulcerated tumor']

entities_list: @entity7468 :: ('MESH:D018286', 'Disease') :: ['giant cell angioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['upper extremity']

entities_list: @entity7492 :: ('MESH:C535860', 'Disease') :: ['infantile hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity69688 :: ('MESH:D010157', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerated palatal neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity540 :: ('2247', 'Gene') :: ['bFGF', 'basic fibroblast growth factor']

answer: @entity7468 :: (MESH:D018286,Disease) :: ['giant cell angioblastoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: IgA @entity8 leads young @entity1 to dialysis more often than other @entity8 , because often diagnosis and therapy are made late. Nephrologists waive to treat @entity6994 pts with chronic @entity177 , believing that treatment may not be effective and safe. Moreover, studies in @entity6994 pts with @entity177 are lacking. Small studies seem to indicate a possible utility of RAS blockers and @entity288 in these @entity1 . Recently, VALIGA study showed that @entity288 and immunosuppressants were more frequently used in pts with @entity470 <30  ml/min than in those with @entity470 >30  ml/min (60 vs. 44  %, respectively; p  =  0.004). The goal of treating @entity6994 pts is to obtain a time-average @entity644 <1  g/day, regardless of the degree of renal function and histological damage. RASB and @entity288 seem to be able to obtain this result. However, it's important to pay attention to the appearance of adverse events of CS. In the literature, major side effects occurred in 29 of 463 (6.2  %) @entity1 enrolled in RCTs. However, scarce informations are obtained about the safety of CS in @entity1 with @entity177 . To better evaluate this aspect, we considered three studies, that used similar schemes of therapy and included @entity1 with different degrees of renal function (1: GFR 90  ml/min/1.73  m(2), 2: 81  ml/min/1.73  m(2), 3: 34  ml/min/1.73  m(2)). The occurrence of adverse events increased with the worsening of renal function (2.3, 5.7 and 15.4  % in studies 1, 2 and 3 respectively). The aim of the treatment for a @entity1 with an @entity470 <30 is to slow the progression and to delay the need for dialysis. Therefore, in stage CKD 2, 3 and 4 with a @entity644 >1  g/day a 6-month course of @entity288 could be useful and safe.

title: Treatment of XXXX with @entity177 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular diseases', 'Nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency', 'reduced renal function']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['IgA nephropathy']


abstract: Survivin is a new member of the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAP) family, selectively overexpressed in common @entity1 @entity5 but not in normal adult tissues, and associated with @entity146 of the disease and unfavorable outcomes. Recent study also found that survivin expression is associated with cell proliferation. In order to gain insight into the role of survivin in @entity43 , we investigated the expression of survivin in a group of @entity43 , and examined the relationship of its expression with cell proliferation and clinical outcome. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed in 103 cases of @entity43 . Twenty-six of the 103 cases were evaluated by Western blot analysis. The results showed that survivin overexpression was detected in 21.2% (7 of 33) of @entity5 , 47.8% (11 of 23) of borderline @entity5 , and 51.1% (24 of 47) of @entity43 . The positive ratio was significantly higher in malignant or borderline @entity5 than in @entity5 , and the overexpression of survivin was significantly correlated with the size of @entity66 . A positive correlation between survivin expression and proliferative activity of @entity5 cell measured by @entity1364 index was found. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the @entity1 with survivin overexpression have a short overall survival. These findings suggest that survivin overexpression may play a pivotal role in the progression of @entity43 and may provide an important prognostic implication for epithelial @entity43 .

title: Survivin expression and its correlation with cell proliferation and prognosis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinomas', 'ovarian tumors', 'epithelial ovarian tumors']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'benign tumors', 'tumors']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['epithelial ovarian tumors']


abstract: New specific markers of @entity79 have been developed that allow the evaluation of bone formation (plasma levels of osteocalcin and bone alkaline phosphatases) or bone resorption (collagen crosslink levels in urine). These markers can be used to evaluate @entity79 . Their best application is currently in @entity8 , where there is a broad spectrum of @entity79 . In @entity1 with this disease, bone markers can obviate the need for bone biopsy. So far, bone alkaline phosphatase is the most sensitive and specific marker for predicting the type of @entity79 and therefore for deciding treatment in dialysed @entity1 , although it is not ideal. Bone markers have also allowed a dramatic improvement in the comprehensive approach to @entity604 with @entity1240 in @entity1 . Monitoring of the marked @entity79 , and its persistence, in older @entity1 after menopause may help in the design of treatment strategies for @entity170 . There is some hope that the measurement of urinary levels of collagen crosslinks will help to predict the clinical outcome of @entity170 with respect to @entity174 in postmenopausal @entity1 . Bone markers could, besides being a measurement of bone density, help to determine the optimal treatment of postmenopausal @entity1 . Bone markers could also be used to predict or ascertain the response to treatment of @entity170 , but few data are currently available to judge the routine usefulness of these new applications.

title: Markers of XXXX in metabolic bone disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal osteodystrophy']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['increase in bone turnover', 'bone abnormalities', 'bone disease', 'bone remodelling']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['bone remodelling']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this review was to analyze/investigate the synthesis, properties, and applications of @entity4832 - @entity67591 nanotubes (PVA-HNT), and their nanocomposites. Different polymers with versatile properties are attractive because of their introduction and potential uses in many fields. Synthetic polymers, such as @entity939 , natural polymers like alginate, starch, chitosan, or any material with these components have prominent status as important and degradable materials with biocompatibility properties. These materials have been developed in the 1980s and are remarkable because of their recyclability and consideration of the natural continuation of their physical and chemical properties. The fabrication of PVA-HNT nanocomposites can be a potential way to address some of @entity939 's limitations. Such nanocomposites have excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability. PVA-HNT nanocomposites have been reported earlier, but without proper HNT individualization and @entity939 modifications. The properties of PVA-HNT for medicinal and biomedical use are attracting an increasing amount of attention for medical applications, such as wound dressings, drug delivery, targeted-tissue transportation systems, and soft biomaterial implants. The demand for alternative polymeric medical devices has also increased substantially around the world. This paper reviews individualized HNT addition along with crosslinking of @entity939 for various biomedical applications that have been previously reported in literature, thereby showing the attainability, modification of characteristics, and goals underlying the blending process with @entity939 .

title: Properties and Applications of @entity4832 , XXXX Nanotubes and Their Nanocomposites.

entities_list: @entity67591 :: ('MESH:C011730', 'Chemical') :: ['halloysite']

entities_list: @entity4832 :: ('MESH:D011142', 'Chemical') :: ['polyvinyl alcohol']

answer: @entity67591 :: (MESH:C011730,Chemical) :: ['Halloysite']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate if extracapsular extension (ECE) of axillary lymph node @entity3 predicts for a decreased rate of disease-free survival or an increased rate of regional recurrence of @entity0 . METHODS: The study population consisted of 368 @entity1 with T1 or T2 @entity0 and pathologically-positive @entity1600 treated with breast-conserving therapy between 1968 and 1986. The median number of sampled @entity1600 was 10. Median follow-up time for the surviving @entity1 was 139 months (range 70-244). Twenty percent of the @entity1 were treated with supraclavicular RT, and 64% received both axillary and supraclavicular RT, with a median dose to the nodes of 45 Gy. The following factors were evaluated: presence of ECE, number of sampled @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ), number of involved @entity1600 , size of primary @entity5 , histologic grade of @entity5 , presence of lymphatic vessel invasion (LVI), presence of an extensive intraductal component (EIC), radiation dose, use of adjuvant chemotherapy, and age of @entity1 . Recurrences were reported as the 5-year crude sites of first failure, and were divided into breast recurrences (LR), regional nodal failure (RNF, defined as isolated axillary, supraclavicular, or internal mammary recurrence), and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). RESULTS: One hundred twenty-two @entity1 (33%) had ECE and 246 @entity1 did not. The median number of @entity1600 with ECE was 1 (range 1-10) and 20% of @entity1 had ECE in > or =4 @entity1600 . @entity1 with ECE tended to be older (median age 51 vs. 47, p = 0.01), and had a higher number of involved @entity1600 (median 3 vs. 2, p = 0.005) than @entity1 without ECE. Forty-three percent of @entity1 with ECE had > or =4 involved @entity1600 compared to 15% of @entity1 without ECE (p<0.0001). Models of ECE and the above factors revealed no significant correlation between ECE and either disease-free or overall survival. There was no statistically significant increase in local, regional nodal, or distant failures in @entity1 with ECE as compared to @entity1 without ECE. CONCLUSION: In this population of @entity1 with nodal involvement, the presence of ECE correlates with the number of involved @entity1600 but does not appear to add predictive power to models of local, regional, or distant recurrence when the number of positive @entity1600 is included.

title: The significance of extracapsular extension of axillary lymph node XXXX in @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['LN', 'lymph nodes']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'DM', 'distant metastases']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: Seed germination and postgerminative growth are regulated by a delicate hormonal balance. @entity2271 (ABA) represses @entity958 seed germination and postgerminative growth, while @entity11406 ( @entity4375 ) antagonize ABA-mediated inhibition and promote these processes. However, the molecular mechanism underlying BR-repressed ABA signaling remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3-like kinase BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2), a critical repressor of BR signaling, positively regulates ABA responses during seed germination and postgerminative growth. Mechanistic investigation revealed that BIN2 physically interacts with ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5), a bZIP transcription factor. Further genetic analysis demonstrated that the ABA-hypersensitive phenotype of BIN2-overexpressing plants requires ABI5. BIN2 was found to phosphorylate and stabilize ABI5 in the presence of ABA, while application of epibrassinolide (the active form of @entity4375 ) inhibited the regulation of ABI5 by BIN2. Consistently, the ABA-induced accumulation of ABI5 was affected in BIN2-related mutants. Moreover, mutations of the BIN2 phosphorylation sites on ABI5 made the mutant protein respond to ABA improperly. Additionally, the expression of several ABI5 regulons was positively modulated by BIN2. These results provide evidence that BIN2 phosphorylates and stabilizes ABI5 to mediate ABA response during seed germination, while @entity4375 repress the BIN2-ABI5 cascade to antagonize @entity2272 -mediated inhibition.

title: BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE2 Interacts with ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE5 to Mediate the Antagonism of @entity11406 to XXXX during Seed Germination in @entity958 .

entities_list: @entity2271 :: ('MESH:D000040', 'Chemical') :: ['Abscisic acid']

entities_list: @entity11406 :: ('MESH:D060406', 'Chemical') :: ['brassinosteroids']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana']

answer: @entity2271 :: (MESH:D000040,Chemical) :: ['Abscisic Acid']


abstract: @entity581 , traditional RNA binders, were found to be a new class of triple helical nucleic acid-stabilizing ligands. @entity5154 , of all the @entity581 , has shown the most significant effects in stabilizing DNA, RNA, and hybrid triple helices. When compared with minor groove binders or intercalators, @entity5154 excels at triple helical stabilization in most cases. Molecular modeling studies suggest that @entity5154 reaches into the larger Watson-Hoogsteen groove. The charge and shape complementarity are the key factors in @entity5154 -triplex recognition. By conjugating @entity5154 with intercalators such as BQQ (a potent triple helix intercalating agent designed by H  l  ne), we have progressed in developing more potent triple helix stabilizing ligands. The design of such dual or even triple recognition ligands opens a new paradigm for recognition of triple helix nucleic acids. The article herein presents studies of @entity5154 as the first molecule that can selectively stabilize nucleic acid triplex structures. These studies are supported by our recent discovery that @entity5154 prefers to bind to A-like conformations, of which triple helix structures are known to display some characteristics. These findings will contribute to the development of a new series of triplex-specific ligands, and may contribute to either antisense or antigene therapies.

title: Recognition of triple helical nucleic acids by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5154 :: ('MESH:D009355', 'Chemical') :: ['neomycin', 'Neomycin']

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['Aminoglycosides', 'aminoglycosides']

answer: @entity581 :: (MESH:D000617,Chemical) :: ['aminoglycosides']


abstract: We placed @entity1 with @entity43 into four distinct prognostic groups: 'low', 'moderate', 'high' and 'extreme' risk. The 'moderate-risk' group contained all residual negative, stage I and II @entity1 with two exceptions: stage Ia or b, grade 1 @entity5 and grade 3 @entity5 . They were treated with primary surgery, usually including bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, hysterectomy and omentectomy. Chemotherapy was then given ( @entity900 at 100 mg m-2 every 2 weeks for three cycles) followed by pelvi-abdominal irradiation (2250 cGy in 10 fractions to the pelvis and 2250 cGy in 22 fractions to the whole abdomen including pelvis). An early cohort with ascites or positive washings instead received six cycles of @entity900 and @entity786 at 75 mg m-2 and 600 mg m-2 every 4 weeks with the same pelvi-abdominal irradiation sandwiched between cycles 3 and 4. One-hundred and nine @entity1 were treated between November 1983 and December 1989. Median follow-up was 4.7 years (range 0.7-9 years). The 5-year actuarial overall and failure-free survivals were 81% and 76%, respectively. @entity137 , although usually minor, included 15% with @entity1897 or @entity2167 and 23% with chronic abdominal complaints. Our combined-modality results are similar to those obtained by other centers utilizing either pelvi-abdominal irradiation alone or @entity900 -based chemotherapy alone.

title: 'Moderate-risk' XXXX (stage I, grade 2; stage II, grade 1 or 2) treated with @entity900 chemotherapy (single agent or combination) and pelvi-abdominal irradiation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['invasive epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['ototoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The renal epithelial @entity1372 channel ( @entity28919 ) provides regulated @entity1372 transport in the distal nephron. The effects of intracellular @entity460 ([ @entity141 ]i) on this channel are only beginning to be elucidated. It appears from previous studies that the [ @entity141 ]i increases downstream of @entity855 administration may have a polarized effect on @entity28919 where apical application of @entity855 and subsequent [ @entity141 ]i increase has an inhibitory effect on the channel whereas basolateral @entity855 and [ @entity141 ]i have a stimulatory effect. We asked if this polarized effect of @entity855 is in fact reflective of a polarized effect of increased [ @entity141 ]i on @entity28919 and what underlying mechanism is responsible. We began by performing patch clamp experiments in which @entity28919 activity was measured during apical or basolateral application of @entity1360 to increase [ @entity141 ]i near the apical or basolateral membrane, respectively. We found that @entity28919 does indeed respond to increased [ @entity141 ]i in a polarized fashion, with apical increases being inhibitory and basolateral stimulating channel activity. In other epithelial cell types, mitochondria sequester [ @entity141 ]i, creating [ @entity141 ]i signaling microdomains within the cell that are dependent on mitochondrial localization. We found that mitochondria localize in bands just beneath the apical and basolateral membranes in two different cortical collecting duct principal cell lines and in cortical collecting duct principal cells in @entity19 kidney tissue. We found that inhibiting mitochondrial [ @entity141 ]i uptake destroyed the polarized response of @entity28919 to [ @entity141 ]i. Overall, our data suggest that @entity28919 is regulated by [ @entity141 ]i in a polarized fashion and that this polarization is maintained by mitochondrial [ @entity141 ]i sequestration.

title: Polarized Effect of Intracellular @entity460 on the Renal Epithelial @entity1372 Channel Occurs as a Result of Subcellular XXXX Signaling Domains Maintained by Mitochondria.

entities_list: @entity1360 :: ('MESH:D015759', 'Chemical') :: ['ionomycin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']


abstract: We have made a prospective study of the @entity1 who were analysed for the first time at the Outpatients Department in the Otolaryngology Section of the University Complex Hospital of Santiago de Compostela all along 1997. A whole of 1,050 @entity1 have been included in this study. The most frequent diagnosis were @entity393 (29.1%), @entity102 media (27.8%) and in the third place, @entity8719 . This appeared in 83 cases, which represents a 8.7% of the fulfilled diagnosis. The incidence for our health area reached 19 new cases of @entity8719 per 100,000 inhabitants a year. When only the number of stapedectomies were included, it reached a 7.8%. The prevalence of the female population was clear, reaching a 77%. Diagnosed @entity1 ' age was from 30 to 50 years, although a considerable percentage (37%) were older. The incidence reached by our studies is higher to other values previously published. We think this responds to the fact that the health system covers all the population and to the importance a good audition is given nowadays.

title: [Incidence of XXXX in a subpopulation of Galicia, Spain].

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['neurosensorial hypoacusis']

entities_list: @entity8719 :: ('MESH:D010040', 'Disease') :: ['otosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic otitis']

answer: @entity8719 :: (MESH:D010040,Disease) :: ['otosclerosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECTIVE Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) is a promising treatment modality for @entity1 with @entity5513 ( @entity5513 ), but a small percentage of @entity1 have persistent postradiosurgical @entity5 growth. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and quantitative MRI features of VS as predictors of long-term @entity5 control after GKS. METHODS The authors performed a retrospective study of all @entity1 with VS treated with GKS using the Leksell Gamma Knife Unit between 2005 and 2013 at their institution. A total of 187 @entity1 who had a minimum of 24 months of clinical and radiological assessment after radiosurgery were included in this study. Those who underwent a craniotomy with @entity5 removal before and after GKS were excluded. Study @entity1 comprised 85 (45.5%) males and 102 (54.5%) females, with a median age of 52.2 years (range 20.4-82.3 years). @entity5 volumes, enhancing patterns, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured by region of interest (ROI) analysis of the whole @entity5 by serial MRI before and after GKS. RESULTS The median follow-up period was 60.8 months (range 24-128.9 months), and the median treated @entity5 volume was 3.54 cm(3) (0.1-16.2 cm(3)). At last follow-up, imaging studies indicated that 150 @entity5 (80.2%) showed decreased @entity5 volume, 20 (10.7%) had stabilized, and 17 (9.1%) continued to grow following radiosurgery. The postradiosurgical outcome was not significantly correlated with pretreatment volumes or postradiosurgical enhancing patterns. @entity5 that showed regression within the initial 12 months following radiosurgery were more likely to have a larger volume reduction ratio at last follow-up than those that did not (volume reduction ratio 55% vs 23.6%, respectively; p < 0.001). Compared with solid @entity5513 , cystic @entity5513 were more likely to regress or stabilize in the initial postradiosurgical 6-12-month period and during extended follow-up. Cystic @entity5513 exhibited a greater volume reduction ratio at last follow-up (cystic vs solid: 67.6%    24.1% vs 31.8%    51.9%; p < 0.001). The mean preradiosurgical maximum ADC (ADCmax) values of all @entity5513 were significantly higher for those with @entity5 regression or stabilization at last follow-up compared with those with progression (2.391 vs 1.826 * 10(-3) mm(2)/sec; p = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS Loss of central enhancement after radiosurgery was a common phenomenon, but it did not correlate with @entity5 volume outcome. Preradiosurgical MRI features including cystic components and ADCmax values can be helpful as predictors of treatment outcome.

title: Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics and the prediction of outcome of XXXX following Gamma Knife radiosurgery.

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['VSs', 'vestibular schwannomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['vestibular schwannomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The feasibility of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for large superficial @entity14 is undefined. The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes for @entity1 undergoing ESD of superficial @entity14 larger than 50  mm. METHODS: A total of 472 @entity1 who underwent ESD for superficial @entity14 from 2010 to 2014 were enrolled. We retrospectively reviewed their records. RESULTS: We compared @entity1 with 20-mm to 50-mm lesions and those with lesions >50  mm regarding demographics, the ESD procedure, and histopathology. Among @entity1 with lesions >50  mm, laterally spreading @entity5 nongranular and protruded types were uncommon. Histopathologically, deeply invasive (>= 1000  m) @entity189 were more frequent in lesions >50  mm (14% [10/70] vs 5% [20/402], P  < .01). Technically, en bloc resection was successfully accomplished in 99% of @entity1 (69/70). Although the total dissection time for lesions >50  mm was significantly longer than for lesions 20  mm to 50  mm (mean    SD, 157    114 minutes vs 68    50 min; P  < .01), dissection speed for lesions >50  mm was significantly faster than for lesions 20  mm to 50  mm (P  < .01). There were no significant differences in en bloc R0 resection rate comparing both groups (>50  mm, 83% vs 20  mm to 50  mm, 87%; P  = .31). No perforations or @entity86 occurred in @entity1 with lesions >50  mm. Post-ESD colorectal strictures requiring intervention did not develop in any @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: ESD for superficial @entity14 >50  mm is feasible. ESD of these lesions had a high R0 resection rate and a low adverse event rate. En bloc resection by ESD provides adequate pathological specimens and may limit the need for surgical intervention.

title: Efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial XXXX more than 50  mm in diameter.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['submucosal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal tumors']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal tumors']


abstract: A method was established for underivatized @entity3689 determination in fermented beverage of plant extract. Samples were diluted with @entity1042 for five times, extracted by ultrasonic vibration for 30 min, and high-speed centrifuged for 15 min at 10,000 r/min. The supernatant was separated and detected by, high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC- @entity15 / @entity15 ). The chromatographic column was Venusil ASB @entity6173 (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5   m). The elution was performed at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min using the mobile phases of @entity1042 - @entity1543 -water mixture. The @entity15 detector was set as follows: ion source voltage 3 kV, ion source temperature 150 t, solvent temperature 350 t, gas flow rate 800 L/h. The collision gas was @entity3503 with a pressure of 0.17 Pa. The quantitation analysis was carried out with peak area in extracted ion chromatograms. Good linearities were acquired in the range of 0.5-200   mol/L (r2 > 0.99) for the @entity1522 . The recoveries were between 86% and 110%. There were 16 @entity1522 in the fermented beverage of plant extract quantitatively analyzed. The method is simple, rapid, accurate and reliable in quantitative analysis of @entity3689 samples in the fields of pharmaceutical, food and natural products.

title: [Direct quantitative analysis of XXXX in fermented beverage of plant extract using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

answer: @entity1522 :: (CHEBI:33709,Chemical) :: ['amino acids']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of total PSA (tPSA), the free/total PSA ratio (f/tPSA), complexed PSA (cPSA) and the complexed/total PSA ratio (c/tPSA) in @entity263 detection. METHODS: Frozen sera of 442 @entity1 have been analysed for tPSA, free PSA (fPSA) and cPSA. 131 @entity1 had @entity263 and 311 @entity1 @entity1067 . RESULTS: Differences in the distribution of the biomarkers were seen as follows: tPSA, cPSA and c/tPSA were significantly higher in the PC group, and f/tPSA was significantly higher in the BPH group. In the tPSA-range of 0-4 ng/ml none of the biomarkers showed a significant difference in the distribution between both groups. In the tPSA-ranges of 0-10 ng/ml, 2-10 ng/ml, 4-10 ng/ml and <10 ng/ml, f/tPSA showed the highest specificity at high sensitivtities, followed by c/tPSA, cPSA, and tPSA, respectively. In tPSA-ranges greater than 10 ng/ml, cPSA offered the best discriminatory ability. CPSA compared to tPSA offered better specificity at high sensitivities in all tPSA-ranges. CONCLUSION: F/tPSA offers the best ability to distinguish between both groups in lower tPSA-ranges, followed by c/tPSA. CPSA compared to tPSA offers a better ability to discriminate between both groups in all PSA-ranges and could be used as an initial test for PC.

title: XXXX with complexed PSA and complexed/total PSA ratio - is there any advantage?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Detection of prostate cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To report the initial clinical experience with a novel @entity118 ( @entity118 ) closure device, the GORE(  ) CARDIOFORM @entity118 Occluder (GCO). BACKGROUND: Transcatheter closure has become the treatment of choice for secundum @entity118 . A wide range of occluder devices are available, but concern has been raised about the risk of @entity299 associated with rigid devices and future access to the left atrium METHODS: Retrospective chart review of @entity1 treated with the GCO at three Canadian centers. Primary outcomes were procedural success and residual shunting at follow-up, as well as 30-day major adverse events. Secondary outcomes included new onset @entity943 , @entity174 ( @entity174 ), and all cause mortality. Clinical, echocardiographic, procedural data, and follow-up outcome variables were collected in each participating hospital. RESULTS: Between February and December 2015, 26 @entity1 (5 @entity1 and 21 adults) underwent transcatheter @entity118 closure with the GCO and were included in the study cohort. Procedural success was achieved in 22 of 26 @entity1 (85%) and no major procedural complications were observed. Two @entity1 (8%) presented new onset @entity4710 during early follow-up (0-30 days). Follow-up echocardiography (median of 119 days [IQR: 92-146]) demonstrated no residual shunt in all implanted @entity1 . After a median clinical follow-up of 174 days (IQR: 135-239), one @entity1 died of an unrelated cause, there were no documented major adverse cardiovascular events. Fluoroscopic imaging of the device was performed in 20 @entity1 (91%), and @entity174 was noted in five cases. No clinical consequence or device dysfunction was observed in these @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In this first-in- @entity1 multicenter study, the GCO was safe and effective for @entity118 closure, with no major adverse events or residual shunt at follow-up.    2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Initial clinical experience with the GORE(  ) CARDIOFORM XXXX occluder for transcatheter @entity118 closure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['atrial tachyarrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['wire frame fractures', 'WFF']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac erosion']

entities_list: @entity118 :: ('MESH:D006344', 'Disease') :: ['atrial septal defect', 'ASD']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['atrial arrhythmias']

answer: @entity118 :: (MESH:D006344,Disease) :: ['ASD']


abstract: Synapse deterioration underlying severe @entity2414 in early @entity195 ( @entity195 ) is thought to be caused by soluble amyloid beta (Abeta) oligomers. Mechanistically, soluble Abeta oligomers, also referred to as Abeta-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs), act as highly specific pathogenic ligands, binding to sites localized at particular synapses. This binding triggers oxidative stress, loss of synaptic spines, and ectopic redistribution of receptors critical to plasticity and memory. We report here the existence of a protective mechanism that naturally shields synapses against @entity70240 -induced deterioration. Synapse pathology was investigated in mature cultures of hippocampal neurons. Before spine loss, ADDLs caused major downregulation of plasma membrane insulin receptors (IRs), via a mechanism sensitive to calcium calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) and casein kinase II (CK2) inhibition. Most significantly, this loss of surface IRs, and @entity70240 -induced oxidative stress and synaptic spine deterioration, could be completely prevented by insulin. At submaximal insulin doses, protection was potentiated by @entity6170 , an insulin-sensitizing drug used to treat type 2 @entity6 . The mechanism of insulin protection entailed a marked reduction in pathogenic @entity70240 binding. Surprisingly, insulin failed to block @entity70240 binding when IR @entity669 kinase activity was inhibited; in fact, a significant increase in binding was caused by IR inhibition. The protective role of insulin thus derives from IR signaling-dependent downregulation of @entity70240 binding sites rather than ligand competition. The finding that synapse vulnerability to ADDLs can be mitigated by insulin suggests that bolstering brain insulin signaling, which can decline with aging and @entity6 , could have significant potential to slow or deter @entity195 pathogenesis.

title: Protection of synapses against XXXX : insulin signaling prevents the pathogenic binding of Abeta oligomers.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory loss']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity6170 :: ('MESH:C089730', 'Chemical') :: ['rosiglitazone']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's-linked toxins']


abstract: @entity245 ( @entity245 ) reduces fruit yield and quality in grapevine. Parthenocarpic seedless berries arise from fruit set without effective fertilization due to defective pollen germination. @entity245 has been associated to micronutrient deficiency but the relation of this phenomenon with pollen polymorphism has not been reported before. In this work, six grapevine cultivars with different tendency for @entity245 and grown under micronutrient-sufficient conditions were analyzed to determine pollen structure and germination capability as well as @entity245 rates. Wide variation in non-germinative abnormal pollen was detected either among cultivars as well as for the same cultivar in different growing seasons. A straight correlation with @entity245 rates was found (R2 = 0.9896), suggesting that natural parthenocarpy is related to defective pollen development. Such relation was not observed when @entity245 was analyzed in grapevine plants exposed to exogenous @entity15150 (GA) or @entity2271 ( @entity2272 ) applications at pre-anthesis. Increase (GA treatment) or reduction ( @entity2272 treatment) in @entity245 rates without significative changes in abnormal pollen was determined. Although these plants were maintained at sufficient @entity9725 (B) condition, a down-regulation of the floral genes VvBOR3 and VvBOR4 together with a reduction of floral B content in GA-treated plants was established. These results suggest that impairment in B mobility to reproductive tissues and restriction of pollen tube growth could be involved in the GA-induced parthenocarpy.

title: Pollen Morphology and XXXX Concentration in Floral Tissues as Factors Triggering Natural and GA-Induced Parthenocarpic Fruit Development in Grapevine.

entities_list: @entity2271 :: ('MESH:D000040', 'Chemical') :: ['abscissic acid']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['PFD', 'Parthenocarpic fruit development']

entities_list: @entity15150 :: ('CHEBI:28833', 'Chemical') :: ['gibberellin']

answer: @entity9725 :: (MESH:D001895,Chemical) :: ['Boron']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To report on our institutional experience of palliative radiotherapy (RT) of @entity5 in the head and neck by the RTOG 8502 'QUAD SHOT' regimen. METHODS: Seventy-five @entity1 completed at least 1 cycle of palliative RT to the head and neck for primary or metastatic disease based on the RTOG 8502 regimen (3.7Gy twice daily over 2 consecutive days at 4week intervals per cycle) between 2/2005 and 7/2014. RESULTS: Median @entity1 age was 76years (range 23-97). The most common histologies were @entity957 (55%), non-anaplastic @entity259 (10%) and @entity189 (9%). Thirty @entity1 (40%) received prior RT at the palliative site. Twenty-eight @entity1 (37%) completed at least three RTOG 8502 cycles. Sixty-five percent of all @entity1 had a palliative response. Median overall survival was 5.67months (range, 0.20-34.5). Grade 3 @entity137 in 4 @entity1 (5%) consisted of acute @entity1909 and functional @entity33 . Palliative response was significantly correlated with increasing number of RTOG 8502 cycles (p=0.012), but not KPS, prior RT, palliative chemotherapy, prior surgery, histology or stage. On survival analysis, palliative response (p<0.001), KPS   70 (p=0.001), and greater number of RTOG 8502 cycles (p=0.022) remained independent predictors of improved survival. CONCLUSIONS: For @entity1 with incurable @entity5 in the head and neck, the palliative RTOG 8502 'QUAD SHOT' regimen provides excellent rates of palliative response with minimal associated @entity137 . @entity1 who are able to complete greater number of RT cycles have higher rates of palliative response and overall survival.

title: Palliative head and neck radiotherapy with the RTOG 8502 regimen for incurable primary or metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disease', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['salivary gland carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancers']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The review presents some information on known options for treatment of nonallergic @entity2490 (NAR) with introduction to new therapies. The merits and limitations of recent advancements in pharmacotherapy of this common problem are briefly discussed as well. RECENT FINDINGS: Intranasal corticosteroids are first-line therapy for NAR. @entity5023 and @entity2715 remain the only topical corticosteroids approved for NAR. The use of @entity24174 - another first-line option - has also been found to be effective even though NAR is a nonallergic entity by definition. Combination of @entity5023 and @entity24174 is a promising option in achieving better symptom reduction. Coadministration of intranasal corticosteroid and topical decongestants is an attractive topic that requires additional safety studies before recommending treatment. Although promising, no scientifically valid recommendation can be made for treatment of NAR with @entity2951 . Surgical options in @entity1 with refractory NAR are limited. New studies demonstrate a lack of correlation between objective outcome of radiofrequency ablation of the inferior turbinate and subjective @entity1 symptoms. SUMMARY: The heterogeneity in clinical presentation makes NAR treatment a daily challenge for otolaryngologists. The diversity of clinical studies with use of unique outcome measures limit systematic reviews which may be instrumental in providing strong recommendations.

title: An update regarding the treatment of nonallergic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2715 :: ('MESH:D001507', 'Chemical') :: ['beclomethasone']

entities_list: @entity2951 :: ('MESH:D002211', 'Chemical') :: ['capsaicin']

entities_list: @entity24174 :: ('MESH:C020976', 'Chemical') :: ['azelastine']

entities_list: @entity5023 :: ('MESH:C065382', 'Chemical') :: ['fluticasone propionate', 'Fluticasone propionate']

answer: @entity2490 :: (MESH:D012220,Disease) :: ['rhinitis']


abstract: An open label, non-comparative study was carried out in 22 @entity1 over a total of five cycles. After an untreated cycle, oral administration of 20 microg @entity2082 (EE) with 50 microg @entity2081 (GST) (tablets taken daily for 21 days with a break of 7 days) was commenced, and three treatment cycles were followed by an untreated follow-up control cycle. The ability of this formulation to inhibit ovulation and suppress ovarian activity was assessed by using hormonal parameters and ultrasound. One ovulation occurred during treatment. Luteinized unruptured follicles were observed in three cases in the second treatment cycle and in one case during the third treatment cycle. Follicle-like structures larger than 13 mm associated with a serum @entity53 level of more than 30 pg/mL were noted in 19% of the @entity1 in the first treatment cycle. The rate of active follicle-like structures was 43% in the second treatment cycle and 28% in the third treatment cycle. The results were compared with previously reported findings of a preparation containing 20 microg EE and 75 microg GST. With regard to ovarian grading and endogenous hormone secretion, considerably more residual ovarian activity, with all parameters examined, was found in the 20 microg EE and 50 microg GST preparation compared to the 20 microg EE and 75 microg GST preparation. It was concluded that the 20 microg EE and 50 microg GST preparation administered for 21 days does not meet the requirements of a combined oral contraceptive with respect to ovulation inhibition.

title: Dose finding in a low-dose 21-day combined oral contraceptive containing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2082 :: ('MESH:D004997', 'Chemical') :: ['ethinyl estradiol']

entities_list: @entity2081 :: ('MESH:C033273', 'Chemical') :: ['gestodene']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

answer: @entity2081 :: (MESH:C033273,Chemical) :: ['gestodene']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1002 (GLS) is an early indicator of subclinical @entity299 , even when LV ejection fraction (LVEF) is normal, and is an independent predictor of @entity65 . Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) is a better predictor of @entity65 , including @entity712 , than office BP. We investigated the association of office and ambulatory BP measurements with subclinical LV @entity299 in a community-based cohort with normal LVEF. METHODS: Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography and 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring were performed in 577 @entity1 (mean age 70  9 years; 60% @entity1 ) with LVEF >= 50% from the @entity65 and @entity75 (CABL) study. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were used to assess the associations of BP measures with GLS. RESULTS: Higher ambulatory and office BP values were consistently associated with impaired GLS. After adjustment for pertinent covariates (age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, @entity6 , @entity453 , LV mass index, and antihypertensive medication), office diastolic BP and ambulatory systolic and diastolic BPs (24-hour, daytime and nighttime) were independently associated with GLS (P = 0.003 for office @entity13520 , P  <= 0.001 for all ambulatory BPs). When ambulatory and office BP values were included in the same model, all ambulatory BP measures remained significantly associated with GLS (all P < 0.01), whereas office BP values were not. CONCLUSIONS: Ambulatory BP values are significantly associated with impaired GLS and the association is stronger than for office BP. Ambulatory BP monitoring might have a role in the risk stratification of @entity101 @entity1 for early @entity1002 .

title: Relationship of Office and Ambulatory Blood Pressure With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Brain Lesions']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction', 'cardiac dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular Abnormalities', 'cardiovascular events']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain', 'LV dysfunction']

answer: @entity1002 :: (MESH:D018487,Disease) :: ['Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: This study investigates the immunohistochemical expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity2280 in @entity1 treated for middle ear and mastoid @entity165 @entity738 to evaluate the angiogenesis and vascularization of this type of lesion. A correlation between the immunohistochemical data and the radiological and intraoperative evidence of temporal @entity236 and blood source connection was performed to validate this hypothesis. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. METHODS: Immunohistochemical expression of @entity7 and @entity2280 in a group of 16 @entity1 surgically treated for @entity165 @entity738 was examined. @entity5479 with normal middle ear mucosa and external auditory canal skin were used as the control groups. The radiological and intraoperative features of @entity165 @entity738 were also examined. RESULTS: In endothelial cells, there was an increased expression of angiogenetic growth factor receptors in all the @entity165 @entity738 in this study. The quantitative analysis of @entity7 showed a mean value of 37.5, whereas the @entity2280 quantitative analysis gave a mean value of 6.8. Seven @entity1 presented radiological or intraoperative evidence of @entity236 , hematopoietic potentialities, or blood source connections that might support the bleeding theory. In all of these cases there was computed tomography or intraoperative evidence of @entity79 of the middle ear and/or temporal bone structures. The mean values of @entity7 and @entity2280 were 41.1 and 7.7, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: High values of @entity7 and @entity2280 are present in @entity1 with @entity165 @entity738 . Upregulation of @entity7 and @entity2280 is indicative of a remarkable angiogenesis and a widespread vascular concentration in @entity165 @entity738 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3b. Laryngoscope, 2017.

title: Tympanomastoid @entity165 XXXX : Immunohistochemical evaluation of angiogenesis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas', 'granuloma']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow invasion']

entities_list: @entity5479 :: ('MESH:D018424', 'Disease') :: ['Middle ear cholesteatomas']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone erosion']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity738 :: (MESH:D006099,Disease) :: ['granulomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety and effects on @entity2690 secretion of umbilical cord (UC) mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) plus autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell (aBM-MNC) @entity8 ( @entity8 ) without immunotherapy in established @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Between January 2009 and December 2010, 42 @entity1 with @entity1723 were randomized (n = 21/group) to either @entity8 (1.1 * 10(6)/kg UC-MSC, 106.8 * 10(6)/kg aBM-MNC through supraselective pancreatic artery cannulation) or standard care (control). @entity1 were followed for 1 year at 3-month intervals. The primary end point was C-peptide area under the curve (AUCC-Pep) during an oral @entity413 tolerance test at 1 year. Additional end points were safety and tolerability of the procedure, metabolic control, and quality of life. RESULTS: The treatment was well tolerated. At 1 year, metabolic measures improved in treated @entity1 : AUCC-Pep increased 105.7% (6.6    6.1 to 13.6    8.1 pmol/mL/180 min, P = 0.00012) in 20 of 21 responders, whereas it decreased 7.7% in control subjects (8.4    6.8 to 7.7    4.5 pmol/mL/180 min, P = 0.013 vs. @entity8 ); @entity2690 area under the curve increased 49.3% (1,477.8    1,012.8 to 2,205.5    1,194.0 mmol/mL/180 min, P = 0.01), whereas it decreased 5.7% in control subjects (1,517.7    630.2 to 1,431.7    441.6 mmol/mL/180 min, P = 0.027 vs. @entity8 ). @entity4051 c decreased 12.6% (8.6    0.81% [70.0    7.1 mmol/mol] to 7.5    1.0% [58.0    8.6 mmol/mol], P < 0.01) in the treated group, whereas it increased 1.2% in the control group (8.7    0.9% [72.0    7.5 mmol/mol] to 8.8    0.9% [73    7.5 mmol/mol], P < 0.01 vs. @entity8 ). Fasting glycemia decreased 24.4% (200.0    51.1 to 151.2    22.1 mg/dL, P < 0.002) and 4.3% in control subjects (192.4    35.3 to 184.2    34.3 mg/dL, P < 0.042). Daily @entity2690 requirements decreased 29.2% in only the treated group (0.9    0.2 to 0.6    0.2 IU/day/kg, P = 0.001), with no change found in control subjects (0.9    0.2 to 0.9    0.2 IU/day/kg, P < 0.01 vs. @entity8 ). CONCLUSIONS: Transplantation of UC-MSC and aBM-MNC was safe and associated with moderate improvement of metabolic measures in @entity1 with established @entity1723 .

title: Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cell With Autologous Bone Marrow Cell Transplantation in Established Type 1 Diabetes: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Open-Label Clinical Study to Assess Safety and Impact on XXXX Secretion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['SCT', 'stem cell transplantation']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['T1D', 'type 1 diabetes']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['Insulin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: to investigate dependency and health status of a cohort of older @entity1 admitted for long term nursing or residential care and to compare these findings with assessments conducted by social services departments prior to placement. DESIGN: retrospective cohort study. SETTING: residential, nursing and dual registered homes within Nottingham Health Authority boundaries. SUBJECTS: 205 residents placed over 3 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: levels of disability, @entity73 and behavioural disturbance identified by assessment before and after admission. RESULTS: @entity73 and @entity717 were significantly higher in nursing homes, although a third of residents in residential care had substantial @entity717 . In nursing homes, a quarter of residents had low dependency needs but these had greater @entity73 than those in residential homes with the same level of dependency. Most residents had some degree of behavioural disturbance (particularly in nursing homes) and more severe disturbance was associated with greater @entity73 and more depressed mood, but not @entity717 . A moderate level of agreement was found between preadmission and follow-up assessments of health status. CONCLUSIONS: a case-mix which includes higher dependency residents in residential homes and lower dependency residents in nursing homes is likely to reflect changes in the health status of residents following placement but also suggests that a range of placement criteria were used together, rather than individual indicators of need. Although pre-placement measures of disability and dependency were supported by follow-up assessments, it is essential that the needs of residents in long-term care are adequately monitored and managed, in particular those in residential care with higher dependency needs.

title: Health status and assessed need for a cohort of older XXXX admitted to nursing and residential homes.

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['physical disability']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: @entity34 ( @entity34 ) is an evolving @entity5 treatment with promising results in treating @entity5 by photoactivation of a photosensitizer with a specific wavelength. The second generation photosensitizer @entity37 (NPe6) was reported to have significant efficacy in killing @entity5 cells in vitro and in vivo. Though topical application might yield a higher local concentration and less systemic side effect, no data concerning topical absorption of NPe6 is available even though the drug has already been used in clinical trial for several years. To evaluate the possibility of topical delivery of NPe6 via an animal model, escalated concentrations of NPe6 were applied to BALB/c @entity19 skin for a different time periods after barrier disruption with tape stripping. Since NPe6 fluorescence intensity and drug concentration in tissue was well correlated, we evaluated drug penetration depth with frozen sections of treated and non-treated skin under a fluorescence microscope. An on-line fluorescence imaging system was used to monitor the NPe6 fluorescence kinetics in the skin. The fluorescence microscope confirmed successful topical delivery of NPe6 in @entity19 skin with or even without barrier disruption. Orange to red NPe6 fluorescence appeared at the epidermis, dermis, and even the muscular layer when using 10 mg/ml NPe6 application. The fluorescence intensity peaked at 1 h and revealed a dose-dependent response pattern. NPe6 treated versus non-treated skin showed a statistically significant difference by Student's t-test (P<0.05). The results described here suggest that topical delivery of NPe6 is possible. It showed fast and deep penetration into @entity19 skin. This implies that NPe6 might be useful as a topical photosensitizer for @entity34 in treating @entity1489 .

title: Pilot study of topical delivery of XXXX (NPe6): implication of topical NPe6-photodynamic therapy.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancers']

entities_list: @entity37 :: ('MESH:C053434', 'Chemical') :: ['mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['Photodynamic therapy', 'PDT']

answer: @entity37 :: (MESH:C053434,Chemical) :: ['mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Endoscopic dilatation is the standard therapy for postoperative colorectal anastomotic strictures, although it carries the risk of perforation at the weakest part of the @entity254 . In order to minimize this risk we have developed a combined technique of endoscopic electroincision and @entity384 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Thirty-six symptomatic @entity1 with benign colorectal anastomotic strictures were referred for endoscopic electroincision with consecutive @entity384 , if the diameter of the @entity254 was less than 12 mm (n = 15) or if the diameter was less than 20 mm and the @entity1 complained of repeated obstructive symptoms under conservative therapy (n = 21). Under direct endoscopic control the scar tissue at the anastomotic line was incised radially with the tip of the polypectomy snare or with a papillotome. Endoscopic @entity384 was then performed, using a pressure of 35 PSI for three minutes. An endoscopic or radiological control was carried out on the second day, and @entity384 was repeated if necessary. RESULTS: The combined technique of electroincision and consecutive @entity384 was performed successfully in 35 @entity1 . In only one @entity1 this therapy could not be performed, because of a long stenotic segment, and surgery was necessary. In 24 @entity1 one single dilatation was sufficient after electroincision, whereas six @entity1 required two, and five @entity1 required three consecutive balloon dilatations. There were no severe complications such as @entity548 or perforation. Complete follow-up evaluation was possible in 25 @entity1 . In five cases recurrences appeared within the first year; all could be treated successfully by further @entity384 . CONCLUSIONS: The combination of endoscopic electroincision and @entity384 leads to a high long-term clinical success with a minimum of complications. Therefore, in our opinion it is a useful method in the treatment of benign colorectal anastomotic strictures.

title: Endoscopic therapy of benign anastomotic strictures of the colorectum by electroincision and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['balloon dilatation', 'hydraulic balloon dilatation']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['balloon dilatation']


abstract: PURPOSE: To define the appearance of gastric @entity674 at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine @entity1 with @entity677 underwent MR imaging with the following sequences: nonenhanced and @entity2287 -enhanced breath-hold, T1-weighted, spoiled gradient-recalled echo (n = 9); fat-suppressed, T2-weighted, fast spin echo (n = 9); and breathing-independent, half-Fourier rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (n = 6). Lesion morphology, signal intensity features, and relationships to the gastric wall and surrounding organs were retrospectively evaluated. The diagnosis of @entity677 was histologically proved in all @entity1 . RESULTS: The nine @entity5 were solitary, multilobulated, shaped irregularly, predominantly exophytic, and large (diameter range, 7-28 cm [mean, 15.8 cm]). The epicenters of all lesions were extrinsic to the stomach, and all lesions arose from the @entity356 or body. Regions of @entity39 and @entity548 were detected in all cases. Marginal definition on MR images corresponded to histologic grade: High-grade @entity5 possessed ill-defined margins, and low-grade @entity5 demonstrated more well-defined margins. Relationships to surrounding organs depicted at MR imaging corresponded well with histopathologic findings. CONCLUSION: Gastric @entity674 demonstrate characteristic MR imaging features, which correspond well with histopathologic findings. The direct multiplanar capability of MR imaging facilitates delineation of relationships of the @entity5 to the stomach and surrounding organs.

title: Gastric XXXX : correlation of MR imaging and histopathologic findings in nine @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity677 :: ('MESH:C564650', 'Disease') :: ['gastric stromal sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['stromal sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cardia']

answer: @entity674 :: (MESH:D046152,Disease) :: ['stromal sarcomas']


abstract: In order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity10438 nasal spray (MFNS) in @entity1 with @entity9590 ( @entity9590 ) a phase III, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, Nordic multicenter study was performed at 16 sites (7 in Sweden, 3 in Denmark, 3 in Finland and 3 in Norway). A total of 329 @entity1 (age 18-82 years) with a mean duration of @entity9590 of 9 years were included in the study. The total duration of the study was 11 weeks: 2 weeks of screening, 6 weeks of treatment and 3 weeks of follow-up. Inclusion criteria were unspecific @entity2490 and exclusion criteria were a positive skin prick test as well as intolerance to @entity117 or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Endoscopy was performed to exclude @entity1 with @entity11578 and @entity480 . The primary efficacy variable was the subject's total overall evaluation. In the intention-to-treat (ITT) group of @entity1 (n = 329) the improvement rates were 56% (MFNS) and 49% (placebo). In the per-protocol (PP) group (n = 251) the corresponding figures were 58% and 47%. Stratifying for groups of @entity1 having moderate symptoms, the results were 54% vs 43% in the ITT group and 56% vs 41% in the PP group. The therapeutic response showed greater improvement in total nasal score as recorded by the investigator in the groups treated with MFNS as compared to the placebo group (p = 0.09 [PP], p = 0.14 [ITT]). Adverse events occurred during the study, @entity1729 and @entity10 being the most frequently reported, but there was no statistically significant difference between MFNS and placebo. The results of this study indicate that MFNS is a safe and effective treatment for @entity1 with @entity9590 .

title: @entity10438 nasal spray in the treatment of XXXX : a nordic, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

entities_list: @entity11578 :: ('MESH:D020914', 'Disease') :: ['structural anomalies']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity2490 :: ('MESH:D012220', 'Disease') :: ['rhinitis symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['upper respiratory tract infections']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity480 :: ('MESH:D009298', 'Disease') :: ['nasal polyps']

entities_list: @entity9590 :: ('MESH:D012221', 'Disease') :: ['PNAR', 'perennial non-allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity10438 :: ('MESH:C053915', 'Chemical') :: ['mometasone furoate']

answer: @entity9590 :: (MESH:D012221,Disease) :: ['perennial non-allergic rhinitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1690 ( @entity1690 ) is approved for uncomplicated @entity354 . Multiple studies have shown @entity1690 to compare favorably to @entity11035 ( @entity11035 ) in terms of symptom control with results out to 5  years. The @entity1690 device itself, however, is an added cost to an anti-reflux surgery, and direct cost comparison studies have not been done between @entity1690 and @entity11035 . The aim of the study was to compare charges, complications, and outcome of @entity1690 versus @entity11035 at 1  year. METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of all @entity1 who underwent @entity1690 or @entity11035 for the treatment of @entity354 between January 2010 and June 2013. @entity1 charges were collected for the surgical admission. We also collected data on 30-day complications and symptom control at 1  year assessed by @entity354 -HRQL score and PPI use. RESULTS: There were 119 @entity1 included in the study, 52 @entity1690 and 67 @entity11035 . There was no significant difference between the mean charges for @entity1690 and @entity11035 ( 48,491 vs.  50,111, p  =  0.506). There were significant differences in OR time (66  min @entity1690 vs. 82  min @entity11035 , p  <  0.01) and LOS (17  h @entity1690 vs. 38  h @entity11035 , p  <  0.01). At 1-year follow-up, mean @entity354 -HRQL was 4.3 for @entity1690 versus 5.1 for @entity11035 (p  =  0.47) and 85  % of @entity1690 @entity1 versus 92  % of @entity11035 @entity1 were free from PPIs (p  =  0.37). @entity1690 @entity1 reported less gas bloat symptoms (23 vs. 53  %, p   <=  0.01) and inability to belch (10 vs. 36  %, p   <=  0.01) and vomit (4 vs. 19  %, p   <=  0.01). CONCLUSION: The side effect profile of @entity1690 is better than @entity11035 as evidenced by less gas bloat and increase ability to belch and vomit. @entity11035 and @entity1690 are comparable in symptom control, safety, and overall hospital charges. The charge for the @entity1690 device is offset by less charges in other categories as a result of the shorter operative time and LOS.

title: Charges, outcomes, and complications: a comparison of magnetic sphincter augmentation versus XXXX for the treatment of @entity354 .

entities_list: @entity11035 :: ('MESH:C535647', 'Disease') :: ['LNF', 'laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1690 :: ('MESH:D046628', 'Disease') :: ['MSA', 'Magnetic sphincter augmentation']

answer: @entity11035 :: (MESH:C535647,Disease) :: ['laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: @entity1 colic is a prevalent physiological event of healthy @entity1 under 3 months of age, which can disrupt the @entity1 's home environment. Despite its benign natural history, sometimes it requires a therapeutic approach. There is limited evidence supporting the use of complementary and alternative treatments. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a mixture of standardized extract of matricariae Chamomilla L., Melissa Officinalis L. and tyndallized @entity9206 (H122) compared with @entity6374 (DSM 17938) and with @entity21710 for the treatment of infantile colic. @entity1 AND METHODS: A multicenter prospective, randomized comparative study was conducted involving 133 @entity1 with colic, according to Rome III criteria, who were assigned at random to receive Chamomilla L., Melissa Officinalis L. and tyndallized @entity9206 (H122) (Group A; n=45), @entity6374 DSM 17938 (10 CFU) (Group B; n=45) or @entity21710 (GroupC; n=43). Treatment was given to subjects for 21 days and they were followed for 4 weeks. Treatment success was assessed at the end of study period. Daily crying and fussing times were recorded in a structured diary, and maternal questionnaires were completed to monitor changes in @entity1 colic symptoms and adverse events. RESULTS: Treatment success was observed in 30 out of 45 @entity1 (66.7%) of @entity1 in Group A, while it was seen in 31 out of 45 @entity1 (68.9%) of Group B and in 19 out of 43 (44.2%) of subjects of Group C (  : 6.8; p=0.03). Mean daily crying time was more significantly reduced (from 211.3  40 min/day to 69.6  59 min/day) in the Group A and in Group B (from 201.6  32.5 min/day to 58.1  48.9 min/day) when compared with Group C (from 199.5  32 min/day to 106  56.5 min/day) (p<0.01, p=0.006 respectively). No significant difference was observed comparing Group A and B (p=0.4). No adverse events were reported in any group. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that administration of Chamomilla L., Melissa Officinalis L. and tyndallized @entity9206 (H122) and @entity6374 DSM 17938 are significantly more effective than @entity21710 in improving colic symptoms. Therefore, the use of herbal supplements may represent a new therapeutic strategy in the management of colicky @entity1 .

title: PP-12 EFFICACY OF A STANDARDIZED EXTRACT OF MATRICARIAE CHAMOMILLA L., MELISSA OFFICINALIS L. AND TYNDALLIZED XXXX (H122) COMPARED WITH @entity6374 (DSM 17938) AND WITH @entity21710 FOR THE TREATMENT OF INFANTILE COLIC.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Infant', 'patients', 'infant', 'PATIENTS', 'infants', 'child']

entities_list: @entity21710 :: ('MESH:D012841', 'Chemical') :: ['simethicone']

entities_list: @entity9206 :: ('1579', 'Species') :: ['L. Acidophilus', 'Lactobacillus Acidophilus']

entities_list: @entity6374 :: ('1598', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus Reuteri', 'L reuteri']

answer: @entity9206 :: (1579,Species) :: ['LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) has recently been broadly studied in cochleo-vestibular disorders to elucidate its mechanism. Because it is evoked by loud sound stimulation, impairment of the sound transmission through the middle ear may affect VEMP results. This study aims to compare the response rate of VEMPs using the tone burst method and the tapping method in @entity1 with @entity102 media (COM). DESIGN: Fourteen @entity1 (22 ears) with conductive @entity393 due to COM were subjected to VEMP tests using both the tone burst method and the tapping method. Each ear was stimulated by a short-tone burst (95 dB nHL, 500 Hz), followed by tapping on the forehead with a tendon hammer, 200 times at a frequency of 5 Hz. RESULTS: Thirteen (59%) of the 22 ears showed positive VEMPs using the tone burst method, whereas 20 ears (91%) displayed positive VEMPs by the tapping method (p < 0.05). The latencies of wave @entity4668 and n23, and the amplitude @entity4668 -n23 using the tone burst method were 13.4 +/- 4.1 msec, 20.5 +/- 4.6 msec, and 77.2 +/- 17.2 microV, respectively. These results do not significantly differ from those obtained using the tapping method. In ears with @entity11818 (N = 11), five ears (45%) displayed positive VEMPs by the tone burst method; compared with nine ears (82%) with positive VEMPs using the tapping method, representing a nonsignificant difference. In ears with @entity11818 (N = 11), eight ears exhibited positive VEMPs by tone burst, with a mean air-bone gap of 25.6 +/- 15.2 dB at 500 Hz, in contrast to a gap of 30.0 +/- 22.9 dB in three ears without VEMPs, indicating no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: When stimulating sound is attenuated by middle ear pathology, VEMPs are expected to be poorly elicited. Under such conditions, myogenic potentials may be evoked with the tapping method to elicit the absent VEMPs that result from middle ear or inner ear pathology.

title: Comparison of tone burst and tapping evocation of myogenic potentials in XXXX with @entity102 media.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic otitis']

entities_list: @entity11818 :: ('MESH:D018058', 'Disease') :: ['healed eardrums', 'perforated eardrums']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity8031 mutations were recently reported in several @entity1 with @entity3148 ( @entity3148 ). The authors analyzed @entity8031 mutations in 93 @entity1 with @entity3148 and made genotype-phenotype correlation to clarify the role of this gene in the etiology of @entity3148 . METHODS: All @entity1 fulfilled the criteria for @entity3148 . The authors analyzed all @entity1 for @entity8031 mutations using denaturing high performance liquid chromatography. If a @entity1 's chromatogram was abnormal, the authors sequenced the gene in the @entity1 and both parents. RESULTS: @entity8031 mutations were identified in 33 @entity1 (35%). Most mutations were de novo, but were inherited in three @entity1 . Parents carrying the inherited mutations had either no symptoms or a milder form of @entity302 . A greater frequency of unilateral motor @entity410 was the only clinical difference between @entity1 with @entity8031 mutations and those without. Truncating mutations were more frequently associated with such @entity410 than were missense mutations. The percentage of cases with family history of @entity302 was significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity8031 mutations. CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral motor @entity410 may be a specific clinical characteristic of @entity3148 caused by @entity8031 mutations. Ten percent of @entity8031 mutations are inherited from an asymptomatic or mildly affected parent, suggesting that @entity3148 is genetically heterogeneous. The increased frequency of @entity302 indicates that other genetic factors may contribute to this disorder.

title: Spectrum of XXXX mutations in severe @entity3148 of infancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['familial epilepsy', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity3148 :: ('MESH:D004831', 'Disease') :: ['severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy', 'SMEI']

answer: @entity8031 :: (6323,Gene) :: ['SCN1A']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 suffering from @entity308 often experience @entity2414 even after the remission of mood symptoms, and many antidepressant drugs do not affect, or impair, memory in animals and @entity1 . However, some antidepressant drugs, after a single dose, enhance cognition in @entity1 (Harmer et al., 2009). To compare different classes of antidepressant drugs for their potential as memory enhancers, we used a version of the novel object recognition task in which @entity35 spontaneously forget objects 24 hr after their presentation. Antidepressant drugs were injected systemically 30 min before or directly after the training phase (Session 1 [S1]). Post-S1 injections were used to test for specific memory-consolidation effects. The @entity1063 reuptake inhibitors @entity18891 and @entity4678 , as well as the @entity750 @entity1063 reuptake inhibitor @entity4480 , injected prior to S1 significantly enhanced recognition memory. In contrast, the @entity750 reuptake inhibitors @entity837 and @entity903 and the cyclic antidepressant drugs @entity5829 and @entity5079 did not enhance recognition memory. Post-S1 injection of either @entity18891 or @entity837 significantly enhanced recognition memory, indicating an effect on memory consolidation. The fact that @entity837 had an effect only when injected after S1 suggests that it may counteract its own consolidation-enhancing effect by interfering with memory acquisition. However, pretreatment with @entity837 did not attenuate @entity18891 's memory-enhancing effect. The D1/5-receptor antagonist @entity10095 blunted @entity18891 's memory-enhancing effect, indicating a role of dopaminergic transmission in @entity18891 -induced recognition memory enhancement. Our results suggest that antidepressant drugs specifically inhibiting @entity1063 reuptake enhance cognition and may be beneficial in the treatment of @entity308 . (PsycINFO Database Record

title: Antidepressant Drugs Specifically Inhibiting @entity1063 Reuptake Enhance Recognition Memory in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'humans']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive symptoms of depression', 'major depression']

entities_list: @entity5079 :: ('MESH:D008803', 'Chemical') :: ['mianserin']

entities_list: @entity5829 :: ('MESH:D003891', 'Chemical') :: ['desipramine']

entities_list: @entity903 :: ('MESH:D017374', 'Chemical') :: ['paroxetine']

entities_list: @entity18891 :: ('MESH:C074679', 'Chemical') :: ['reboxetine']

entities_list: @entity837 :: ('MESH:D015283', 'Chemical') :: ['citalopram']

entities_list: @entity4678 :: ('MESH:C041930', 'Chemical') :: ['atomoxetine']

entities_list: @entity4480 :: ('MESH:C058218', 'Chemical') :: ['duloxetine']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory deficits']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dialysis-requiring @entity810 ( @entity810 ) is common among critically ill @entity1 , but little is known about trends in the incidence and outcomes of this condition over time. STUDY DESIGN: Population-based cohort study. SETTING _ @entity1 : All adult @entity1 admitted to an intensive care unit in Ontario, Canada, 1996 to  2010. PREDICTOR: Year and era (1996-2000, 2001-2005, and 2006-2010) of cohort entry. OUTCOMES: Mortality and dialysis @entity734 , each evaluated at 90 and 365 days after initiation of dialysis therapy for @entity810 . MEASUREMENTS: The annual incidence proportion of dialysis-requiring @entity810 was evaluated and @entity1 with this condition were characterized by era. Associations between era and the outcomes of interest were evaluated with Cox proportional hazards (for time to death) and logistic regression (for dialysis @entity734 ), with adjustment for relevant demographic and clinical variables. RESULTS: The annual incidence of dialysis-requiring @entity810 among critically ill @entity1 increased from 0.8% in 1996 to 3.0% in 2010 (P for trend  < 0.001). 90-day mortality declined from 50% in 1996 to 2000 to 45% in 2006 to 2010 (adjusted HR, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.79-0.87] compared to 1996-2000). Dialysis @entity734 among surviving @entity1 at 90 days was marginally lower in 2006 to 2010 (25.1%) compared to 1996 to 2000 (27.2%), but after adjustment for confounding factors, was not significantly different (adjusted OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.80-1.03). LIMITATIONS: Unmeasured confounding by factors that may have changed in @entity1 with dialysis-requiring @entity810 during the different eras; data set does not allow for mechanistic explanation for the findings; and lack of access to laboratory investigations after hospital discharge. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence proportion of dialysis-requiring @entity810 among critically ill @entity1 increased by almost 4-fold between 1996 and 2010. This was accompanied by a significant decline in mortality, but the risk of long-term dialysis @entity734 continues to affect a substantial minority of surviving @entity1 with no clear evidence of improvement over time.

title: Changing Incidence and Outcomes Following Dialysis-Requiring XXXX Among Critically Ill Adults: A  Population-Based Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['AKI', 'acute kidney injury']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['Acute Kidney Injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity364 is one of the major causes of @entity1036 in tropical countries. Symptoms of @entity364 consist of @entity227 , redness, @entity937 , @entity3917 , @entity158 . If not treated effectively, it could lead to @entity1939 . Common causes include Candida spp., Fusarium spp. and Aspergillus spp.. With the limited choices of topical antifungal agents, we were faced with @entity1036 , a rare cause of @entity364 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 62-year-old Asian male construction worker came to us with intense @entity3856 , injection of the conjunctiva, blurred @entity227 in his left eye. His visual acuity was 20/40 OD and 20/400 OS. Slit-lamp exam revealed a corneal ulcer with feathery margin and Descemet's membrane folding. The culture yielded Cladosporium species.. The @entity1 did not show improvements after applying topical @entity5896 (5  %), topical @entity2379 (1mg/ml), topical @entity2380 (2mg/ml) and oral @entity3102 (200mg). After shifting the medical regimen to @entity5074 via topical and systemic routes (1mg/ml and 200mg respectively), the @entity1036 was controlled. CONCLUSIONS: @entity364 remains a challenge for ophthalmologists as there is no evidence suggesting any particular drug or combination of drugs is more effective than another. A review of common topical antifungal agents was done. @entity5074 could be a good choice for treating @entity281 by Cladosporium species.

title: XXXX - a case report and literature review.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['vision, and foreign body sensation', 'blurred vision']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['Cladosporium keratitis', 'keratitis', 'infectious keratitis']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['fluconazole']

entities_list: @entity3102 :: ('MESH:D007654', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoconazole']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['corneal infection']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['Fungal keratitis', 'fungal keratitis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain and foreign body sensation']

entities_list: @entity5896 :: ('MESH:D010866', 'Chemical') :: ['natamycin']

entities_list: @entity5074 :: ('MESH:C102790', 'Chemical') :: ['Voriconazole', 'voriconazole']

entities_list: @entity3856 :: ('MESH:D058447', 'Disease') :: ['ocular pain']

entities_list: @entity3917 :: ('MESH:D020795', 'Disease') :: ['photophobia']

answer: @entity1036 :: (MESH:D007634,Disease) :: ['Cladosporium keratitis']