abstract: AIM: To analyze the hepatic and intestinal microcirculation in an animal model of @entity1575 and @entity29 ( @entity29 ) and to characterize the anti-inflammatory action of @entity5582 ( @entity5582 ) on leukocyte kinetics and @entity409 . METHODS: Hepatic and intestinal microcirculation was investigated by intravital videomicroscopy. Standardized models of experimental chronic @entity1575 and @entity32 were employed. Animals were divided into four groups (n = 6/group): controls, animals with @entity82 , animals with @entity82 and @entity29 , animals with @entity82 and @entity29 treated with @entity5582 . RESULTS: @entity82 facilitated leukocyte rolling and sticking in hepatic sinusoids (1.91+/-0.28 sticker/microm vs 0.5+/-0.5 sticker/microm in controls, P<0.05). The effect enhanced in animals with @entity82 and @entity29 (5.4+/-1.65 sticker/microm), but reversed after @entity5582 application (3.97+/-1.04 sticker/microm, P<0.05). Mucosal blood flow showed no differences in cirrhotic animals and controls (5.3+/-0.31 nL/min vs 5.4+/-0.25 nL/min) and was attenuated in animals with @entity82 and @entity29 significantly (3.49+/-0.6 nL/min). This effect was normalized in the treatment group (5.13+/-0.4 nL/min, P<0.05). Enzyme values rose during development of @entity82 and @entity32 , and reduced after @entity5582 application (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity1575 in the presence of @entity29 leads to a significant @entity551 flow and an increase in hepatic leukocyte adherence with consecutive @entity99 , which can be prevented by administration of @entity5582 .

title: Impact of XXXX on hepatic and intestinal microcirculation in experimental @entity1575 and @entity32 : an in vivo analysis.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['bowel inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis', 'Cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injury']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver damage']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in mucosal blood']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver cirrhosis', 'Liver cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5582 :: ('462', 'Gene') :: ['ATIII', 'antithrombin III']

answer: @entity5582 :: (462,Gene) :: ['antithrombin III']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Tendons are elastic structures that connect muscle to the skeletal system and transmit force relative to the amount of stretch they experience. The mechanical properties of @entity1 tendons are difficult to measure non-invasively, so generic values are often assumed in musculoskeletal models to represent all subjects. We aimed to determine the in vivo mechanical properties of the @entity1 Achilles tendon by calculating @entity924 in 10 male and 10 female trained cyclists. B-mode ultrasound coupled with motion capture was used to track the tendon lengths for the medial and lateral gastrocnemii concurrently with ankle torque measurements during ramped isometric contractions. Achilles tendon @entity2693 was calculated as the slope of the linear portion of the force-length curve, and this was extrapolated to zero force to yield the tendon resting length. Average Achilles tendon @entity2693 was 201.8  5.9Nmm(-1). There was no difference in Achilles tendon @entity2693 or maximum isometric force between males and females, however tendon @entity2693 varied between individuals. The resting lengths of the MG and LG tendon were 0.209  0.002m and 0.222  0.002m respectively, and regression models determined that @entity17237 length was the best predictor of resting tendon length. Our results indicate that Achilles tendon @entity2693 varies with muscle strength and not sex. The variability in Achilles tendon @entity2693 between subjects support the need for experimentally measured subject-specific tendon properties as input parameters to improve the accuracy of musculoskeletal models.

title: Structural and mechanical properties of the XXXX Achilles tendon: Sex and strength effects.

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['tendon stiffness and resting length']

entities_list: @entity2693 :: ('MESH:C566112', 'Disease') :: ['stiffness']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity308 and @entity148 are common after @entity64 . There is inconclusive evidence of the benefit of psychotherapy for @entity308 and @entity148 . Here, we used a brief intervention, Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) brief therapy plus health education, to evaluate the changes in @entity1 with @entity385 . METHODS: One hundred eighty @entity1 were randomly allocated to receive 4 sessions of NLP plus health education (n  =  90) or usual care (n  =  90). A set of questionnaires was used preintervention and postintervention as well as at the 6-month follow-up. The primary outcomes were the prevalence of @entity308 and @entity148 , and the awareness of @entity64 knowledge. RESULTS: More @entity1 in the intervention group achieved remission of @entity308 (odds ratio [OR], 2.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41-5.59) and @entity1109 (OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.15-4.18) after intervention. At the 6-month follow-up, we found no differences between groups in both the prevalence of @entity308 and @entity148 . After intervention, the intervention group had better awareness rates on most of the @entity64 knowledge items (P  <  .05). It also had better quality of life and physical function both after intervention and at the follow-up (P  <  .05). CONCLUSIONS: NLP plus health education could reduce @entity308 and @entity148 immediately after intervention, but not at the 6-month follow-up. The intervention could also improve the awareness of @entity64 knowledge and benefit @entity1 on quality of life and physical function.

title: The Effect of a Brief Intervention for @entity1 with XXXX : A Randomized Controlled Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'poststroke depression', 'depression', 'depressive']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['anxious symptoms']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Stroke']


abstract: To investigate the susceptibilities of fungal and @entity1 cells to @entity2379 ( @entity11015 ), @entity11015 -loaded @entity6579 (LPC)micelles as drug delivery vehicles were incubated at 37 degrees C with @entity2434 vesicles containing different @entity3150 as model systems for fungal and @entity1 cells. The binding and kinetics of @entity11015 to @entity3150 in the membranes were judged by UV-visible spectroscopy. In the 91% monomeric form, @entity11015 interacted rapidly with @entity12364 and slowly with @entity14952 ( @entity14952 ), while it did not interact with @entity165 . In the 50% monomeric form, @entity11015 formed complexes more rapidly with @entity12364 or @entity14952 than in the monomeric form, whereas it did not still interact with @entity165 . The interaction was also characterized by resonance energy transfer between the fluorescent probe @entity27956 ( @entity27956 ) and @entity11015 . In the 91% monomeric form, @entity11015 caused initial fluorescence quenching in bilayer membranes containing any @entity5068 as well as @entity5068 -free bilayer membranes due to the release of @entity11015 and its incorporation within the membranes. However, a second phase of increasing fluorescence was found in the case of @entity12364 alone. On the other hand, in the 47% monomeric form, @entity11015 gave a biphasic intensity profile in membranes containing any @entity5068 as well as @entity5068 -free membranes. However, the extent of the second phase of increasing fluorescence intensity was markedly dependent upon @entity5068 composition. Studies using @entity5068 -containing vesicles provide important insights into the role of the aggregation state of @entity11015 in its effects on cells.

title: Susceptibilities of phospholipid vesicles containing different @entity3150 to XXXX -loaded lysophosphatidylcholine micelles.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity12364 :: ('MESH:D004875', 'Chemical') :: ['ergosterol']

entities_list: @entity6579 :: ('MESH:D008244', 'Chemical') :: ['lysophosphatidylcholine']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity14952 :: ('MESH:C016705', 'Chemical') :: ['7-dehydrocholesterol', '7-DHC']

entities_list: @entity2434 :: ('MESH:D010713', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylcholine']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity27956 :: ('MESH:C033628', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethylammonium diphenylhexatriene', 'TMA-DPH']

answer: @entity2379 :: (MESH:D000666,Chemical) :: ['amphotericin B']


abstract: Aims and background. @entity4187 enzyme plays an important role in the metabolism of carcinogens, such as @entity2555 , nitroaromatics and @entity17072 . Methods. The study examined the association of @entity4187 @entity34321 polymorphism with the risk of developing @entity1149 in a Chinese population. We conducted a case-control study including 526 @entity1149 cases and 526 @entity5 -free controls. The odds ratios and 95    confidence intervals were calculated by logistic regression models. Results. Compared with 462Ile/Ile genotype carriers, subjects with @entity4187 462Ile/ @entity2596 or @entity2596 / @entity2596 genotype had a decreased risk of developing @entity1149 with odds ratios of 0.57 (95% CI, 0.44-0.75) and 0.54 (95% CI, 0.36-0.81), respectively. When stratified by smoking status, the decreased risk of @entity1149 associated with @entity4187 462Ile/ @entity2596 or @entity2596 / @entity2596 genotype was observed among non-smokers (OR = 0.62, 95% CI, 0.45-0.87) and among smokers (OR = 0.54, 95% CI, 0.37-0.78). When stratified by smoking-dose, the correlation between @entity4187 genotypes and the risk of @entity1149 was detected among light smokers (OR = 0.30, 95% CI, 0.19-0.48) but not among heavy smokers (OR = 0.93, 95% CI, 0.61-1.43). Conclusions. The @entity4187 @entity34321 variant was associated with a low risk of developing @entity1149 in a Chinese population.

title: @entity4187 @entity34321 polymorphism and the risk of XXXX in a Chinese population.

entities_list: @entity2555 :: ('MESH:D011084', 'Chemical') :: ['polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity17072 :: ('CHEBI:33860', 'Chemical') :: ['arylamines']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity34321 :: ('p|SUB|I|462|V', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Ile462Val']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity413 administration to @entity1 about to undergo neurosurgery must be avoided because perioperative @entity2806 in a context of @entity4854 worsens the neurological prognosis. Furthermore, prolonged @entity4053 can also provoke lesions that resemble those occasioned by states of @entity63 - @entity519 . OBJECTIVES: To evaluate glycemic changes in @entity1 undergoing craniotomy who have not received @entity413 -containing solutions. @entity1 AND METHODS: Forty-six @entity1 were enrolled and assigned to two groups according to whether they received perioperative corticoid treatment (CC, n = 24) or not (NCC, n = 22). Fasting was maintained without administration of @entity413 -containing solutions. We measured glycemia, natremia and potassemia at baseline and 60 minutes after surgery. RESULTS: Demographic characteristics, duration of surgery (5.0 +/- 1.6 h in the CC group and 4.6 +/- 1.4 h in the NCC group) and fasting period (18 +/- 2.3 h in the CC group and 17 +/- 1.9 h in the NCC group) were similar in both groups. Glycemia increased and natremia decreased significantly in both groups, with no clinical repercussions. No case of perioperative @entity4053 occurred. Initial potassemia in the CC group was significantly higher than in the NCC group, but decreased after surgery with no clinical repercussions. No relation was found between fasting time, duration or surgery and differences in glycemia between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Non-administration of @entity413 in @entity1 undergoing craniotomy eliminates the risk of @entity4854 , does not lead to perioperative @entity4053 and is not affected by perioperative corticoid treatment.

title: [Fluid therapy without XXXX in neurosurgery. Effect on glycemia].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity364 constitute a major health problem all over the world. Signs and symptoms induced by various @entity281 are difficult to distinguish clinically from each other. So, characterization by in vitro culture is required for appropriate diagnosis and treatment as well as to study the epidemiological characteristics in a region. OBJECTIVES: The present retrospective work was aimed to study the spectrum of @entity364 of the skin, nails and hairs in the Capital area of Kuwait over a span of 5 years and to compare the results with those reported earlier from this region and other parts of the world. @entity1 /MATERIALS: The study was conducted on 2,730 @entity1 referred from dermatology outpatients to mycology laboratory suspected to have @entity364 over a 5-year period. Identification of dermatophyte isolates obtained was done by conventional microscopic examination in all @entity1 , whereas culture techniques were performed for 1,593 of them. RESULTS: Among 2,730 @entity1 , 1,437 were @entity1 and 1,293 were @entity1 with a @entity1 to @entity1 ratio of 1.1:1. The age ranged from 3 months to 70 years (mean age 28.5 years). The clinical diagnosis of these @entity1 was as follows: @entity6313 ; @entity4013 corporis; @entity4013 @entity3100 ; @entity4013 pedis; @entity4013 ; @entity4013 manum and @entity14937 . @entity4014 ( @entity3071 ) examination showed positive results in 39% of all cases, whereas positive cultures were obtained in 29% of cultured specimens. Among dermatophytes, six species were isolated: @entity12736 (39%), @entity14476 (16%), @entity12734 (10%), @entity15528 (6.2%), @entity12735 violaceum (2.4%) and @entity12735 (0.4%). @entity12736 was isolated from all body sites. Candida and @entity11150 were isolated on @entity1880 -free cultures in cases with @entity6313 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity364 including dermatophytes remain prevalent in this part of the world. The most common isolate was @entity12736 followed by Candida species. The least isolate was @entity12735 . Species identification in relation to factors such as time, place and population is warranted in order to implement treatment regimens and to propose potential control measures.

title: The spectrum of XXXX with a special reference to dermatophytoses in the capital area of Kuwait during 2000-2005: a retrospective analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4013 :: ('MESH:D014005', 'Disease') :: ['tinea cruris', 'tinea']

entities_list: @entity4014 :: ('MESH:C029943', 'Chemical') :: ['Potassium hydroxide']

entities_list: @entity1880 :: ('MESH:D003513', 'Chemical') :: ['cycloheximide']

entities_list: @entity6313 :: ('MESH:D014009', 'Disease') :: ['onychomycosis']

entities_list: @entity11150 :: ('5061', 'Species') :: ['Aspergillus niger']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['dermatophytic infections']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['Cutaneous fungal infections', 'fungal infections', 'Fungal infections', 'fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity14937 :: ('MESH:D014010', 'Disease') :: ['tinea versicolor']

entities_list: @entity12736 :: ('523103', 'Species') :: ['Trichophyton mentagrophytes', 'T. mentagrophytes']

entities_list: @entity14476 :: ('63405', 'Species') :: ['Microsporum canis']

entities_list: @entity12735 :: ('63417', 'Species') :: ['Trichophyton', 'T. verrucosum', 'Trichophyton verrucosum']

entities_list: @entity12734 :: ('5551', 'Species') :: ['Trichophyton rubrum']

entities_list: @entity15528 :: ('34391', 'Species') :: ['Epidermophyton floccosum']

answer: @entity364 :: (MESH:D009181,Disease) :: ['fungal infections']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity900 , a chemotherapeutic used for the treatment of solid @entity5 , has nephrotoxic side effects leading to @entity810 ( @entity810 ). @entity900 cannot be given to @entity1 that have comorbidities that pre-dispose them to an increased risk for @entity810 . Even without these comorbidities, 30% of @entity1 administered @entity900 will develop @entity8 , requiring the oncologist to withhold or reduce the next dose, leading to a less effective therapeutic regimen. Although recovery can occur after one episode of @entity900 -induced @entity810 , longitudinal studies indicate that multiple episodes of @entity810 lead to the development of @entity740 ( @entity740 ), an irreversible disease with no current treatments. The standard @entity19 model of @entity900 -induced @entity810 consists of one, high dose of @entity900 (> 20 mg/kg) that is lethal to the animal three days later. This model does not accurately reflect the dosing regimen @entity1 receive nor does it allow for the long-term study of kidney function and biology. We have developed a repeated dosing model whereby @entity900 is given once a week for four weeks. Comparison of the repeated dosing model to the standard dosing model demonstrated that inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were induced in the repeated dosing model, but levels of cell death were lower in the repeated dosing model. The repeated dosing model had increased levels of fibrotic markers (fibronectin, @entity2533 , and @entity1970 ) and interstitial @entity82 . These data indicate that the repeated dosing model can be used to study @entity810 to @entity740 progression, as well as the mechanisms of this progression.

title: Repeated Administration of Low-Dose @entity900 in XXXX Induces @entity82 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['AKI', 'acute kidney injury']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: We report a @entity1 with unusual @entity631 . A 24-year-old Japanese female was hospitalized in October 1995 because of @entity1985 . Lobular form @entity631 with @entity7622 associated with massive wide-spread accumulation of slightly eosinophilic, @entity5644 Schiff-positive amorphous materials in the luminal side of the capillary walls and paramesangial area was observed in the renal biopsy specimen. Immunofluorescent study revealed massive strong staining for IgM and C4 along the capillary walls and in the mesangium. Deposits of IgA, IgG, C3 and fibrinogen were also observed. Electron microscopy showed normal thickness of the capillary basement membrane and a large amount of subendothelial and paramesangial electron dense, finely granular deposits without fibrils or tubular structures. There were no clinical or laboratory findings of @entity262 , such as @entity1252 and @entity14033 . Therefore, we believed that this case involved an unusual idiopathic @entity8 with massive subendothelial and @entity1200 . @entity631 in this @entity1 appeared to be resistant to treatment with @entity288 and that this @entity8 may be a progressive disease as shown during the 3-year observation. Furthermore, our @entity1 had @entity4089 and @entity1375 . However, the relationship between @entity631 and @entity2744 in our @entity1 is unknown.

title: Lobular form idiopathic @entity631 with massive subendothelial and XXXX , a three-year follow-up case.

entities_list: @entity4089 :: ('MESH:D006966', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic hyperprolactinemia']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulopathy', 'glomerular disease']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['subclinical hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity5644 :: ('MESH:D010504', 'Chemical') :: ['periodic acid']

entities_list: @entity14033 :: ('MESH:D003449', 'Disease') :: ['cryoglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['Glomerulonephritis', 'glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic diseases']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['paramesangial immune deposits']

entities_list: @entity2744 :: ('MESH:C567425', 'Disease') :: ['endocrinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity7622 :: ('MESH:C537346', 'Disease') :: ['mesangial proliferation']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1200 :: (MESH:D007154,Disease) :: ['paramesangial immune deposits']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of MRI findings after drug-eluting beads (DEB) - transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for @entity157 in predicting @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ). This study included 48 @entity1 with 60 lesions who underwent liver MRI within 3 months after DEB-TACE. MRI was assessed for arterial enhancement pattern, late washout, arterioportal shunt, signal intensity on T2-weighted image, intratumoral septa, enhancing tissue on subtraction images, and treatment response. Cox-regression analysis was performed to identify independent factors to predict @entity1054 . @entity1054 was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test. Per lesion, 30 achieved complete remission, 22 had a partial response, and the remaining 8 lesions displayed stable disease on MRI. Arterial enhancement pattern, washout and enhancing tissue on subtraction images from MRI were associated with viable @entity5 on the last follow-up computerized tomography. Arterial enhancement, washout and enhancing tissue on subtraction images were significant predictors of @entity1054 , but only enhancing tissue on subtraction images remained a significant predictor of @entity1054 (P=0.018) in the multivariate analysis. @entity1054 was longer in the group without enhancing tissue on subtraction images compared to the group with enhancing tissue (601 days vs. 287 days, P<0.001). Enhancing tissue on subtraction images from MRI after DEB-TACE is predictive for longer @entity1054 .

title: MRI Findings and Prediction of Time to Progression of XXXX with @entity157 Treated with Drug-eluting Bead Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'time to progression']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 161 Background: A new @entity5 therapeutic gene; @entity5977 was found in Okayama university in 2000. In vivo experiments have demonstrated outstanding @entity5 -selective apoptosis effects and anti- @entity5 immunoactivity against various types of @entity5 . With these positive experimental results, a phase I/II study of @entity17472 -mediated @entity5977 gene therapy for @entity263 was initiated from January 2011 in Okayama university hospital. METHODS: Two major inclusion criteria category were set up; A: A recurrence of @entity263 following definitive endocrine therapy with/without metastasis, B: A @entity263 which was considered high risk of recurrences following radical surgery according to a nomogram reported by Kattan et al. Replication-defective @entity17472 vector expressing @entity5977 (Ad- @entity5977 ) was injected directly into the prostate (or metastatic lesion in @entity1 who received prostatectomy) in escalating doses from 1.0*10(10) to 1.0*10(12) viral particle (vp). Each @entity1 in category A received total of 2 times viral injections every 4 weeks. @entity1 in category B also received total of 2 times viral injections every 2 weeks, then received radical prostatectomy 6 weeks after second viral injection. RESULTS: Three @entity1 in category A, and 9 @entity1 in category B were entered the present study. No significant side effects were observed. In category B, signs of immunological responses in surgically removed specimens (apoptosis induction of @entity5 cells in TUNEL staining and infiltration of CD8 positive cells (CTL) in immunohistochemical staining) were observed in second dose. These responses were remarkably observed in the third dose. CONCLUSIONS: This initial and preliminary report suggests the favorable safety profile and positive clinical responses in a clinical trial of Ad- @entity5977 gene therapy for @entity263 .

title: A phase I/II study of @entity17472 -mediated reduced expression in immortalized cells ( XXXX ) gene therapy for @entity263 : An interim report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumors', 'cancer']

answer: @entity5977 :: (27122,Gene) :: ['REIC/DKK-3']


abstract: Streptococci have been considered to lack the classical SOS response, defined by increased mutation after UV exposure and regulation by LexA. Here we report the identification of a potential self-regulated SOS mutagenesis gene cassette in the Streptococcaceae family. Exposure to UV light was found to increase mutations to antibiotic resistance in @entity8211 cultures. The mutational spectra revealed mainly G: @entity11414 :T transitions, and Northern analyses demonstrated increased expression of a Y-family DNA polymerase resembling UmuC under DNA-damaging conditions. In the absence of the Y-family polymerase, @entity8211 cells were sensitive to UV light and to @entity1138 . Furthermore, the UV-induced mutagenesis was almost completely abolished in cells deficient in the Y-family polymerase. The gene encoding the Y-family polymerase was localized in a four-gene operon including two hypothetical genes and a gene encoding a HdiR homolog. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that @entity8211 HdiR binds specifically to an inverted repeat sequence in the promoter region of the four-gene operon. Database searches revealed conservation of the gene cassette in several @entity5858 species, including at least one genome each of @entity4195 , @entity5967 , @entity6419 , @entity5858 sanguinis, and @entity5858 strains. In addition, the umuC operon was localized in several mobile DNA elements of @entity5858 and Lactococcus species. We conclude that the hdiR-umuC-ORF3-ORF4 operon represents a novel gene cassette capable of mediating SOS mutagenesis among members of the Streptococcaceae.

title: Identification of a novel streptococcal gene cassette mediating SOS mutagenesis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5967 :: ('1311', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus agalactiae']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity6419 :: ('28037', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus mitis']

entities_list: @entity4195 :: ('1314', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pyogenes']

entities_list: @entity8211 :: ('1349', 'Species') :: ['S. uberis', 'Streptococcus uberis']

entities_list: @entity5858 :: ('1308', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus thermophilus', 'Streptococcus']

answer: @entity8211 :: (1349,Species) :: ['Streptococcus uberis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9052 has been shown to exert antistress effects both in vitro and in vivo. However, the effects of @entity9052 on stress in brain cells are not well understood. This study investigated how Korean Red @entity9052 (KRG) controls @entity273 -induced apoptosis via regulation of @entity4357 -3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt and @entity172 receptor (ER)-b signaling. METHODS: @entity1 @entity521 SK-N-SH cells were pretreated with KRG and subsequently exposed to @entity274 . The ability of KRG to inhibit oxidative stress-induced apoptosis was assessed in @entity98 @entity137 assays. Apoptotic protein expression was examined by Western blot analysis. The roles of ER-b, PI3K, and p-Akt signaling in KRG regulation of apoptosis were studied using small interfering RNAs and/or target antagonists. RESULTS: Pretreating SK-N-SH cells with KRG decreased expression of the proapoptotic proteins p-p53 and @entity522 , but increased expression of the antiapoptotic protein @entity588 . KRG pretreatment was also associated with increased ER-b, PI3K, and p-Akt expression. Conversely, ER-b inhibition with small interfering RNA or inhibitor treatment increased p-p53 and @entity522 levels, but decreased @entity588 , PI3K, and p-Akt expression. Moreover, inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling diminished p-p53 and @entity522 levels, but increased @entity588 expression. CONCLUSION: Collectively, the data indicate that KRG represses oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by enhancing PI3K/Akt signaling via upregulation of ER-b expression.

title: Korean Red @entity9052 inhibits apoptosis in @entity521 cells via @entity172 receptor b-mediated XXXX -3 kinase/Akt signaling.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity9052 :: ('4054', 'Species') :: ['Ginseng', 'ginseng']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

answer: @entity4357 :: (MESH:D010716,Chemical) :: ['phosphatidylinositol']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity308 in older adults erodes their health, quality of life and the economy. Existing interventions are not feasible for broad application at the community. Postcard intervention only requires a few resources, and previous studies have shown its effectiveness for @entity1 following drug @entity1445 , self-harm and hospitalisation for major @entity308 . The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a postcard intervention. @entity1 were community-dwelling individuals, aged 65 or older, who eat meals alone and with the score of 4 or higher on the 15-item Geriatric @entity308 Scale (GDS-15). We enrolled 184 eligible @entity1 , with 93 in the intervention and 91 in the control arm. Postcards were sent to @entity1 once a month for eight months. Primary outcome was the GDS-15 score at post-intervention. Secondary outcomes were quality of life and activities of daily living. There was no significant difference in primary and secondary outcomes between completers of the intervention and the control arm. However, most of the @entity1 who received intervention thought the intervention was effective. The postcard intervention for @entity308 in community-dwelling elderly @entity1 in Japan is neither feasible nor effective. However, the descriptive results suggest that the intervention may be effective given different parameters.

title: Postcard intervention for XXXX in community-dwelling older adults: A randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: @entity1068 , @entity1324 , diet and starvation, known modulators of the hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP)-dependent microsomal monooxygenase system, were assessed for their effects on cytochrome P450 isozyme content and monooxygenase activities in the male @entity35 kidney. In acute experiments, @entity35 were either treated with @entity1324 , fasted or given a combination of the two treatments. @entity1324 treatment alone induced @entity11920 -dependent @entity11921 hydroxylase activity in kidney microsomes by 8-fold. This was accompanied by a 6-fold increase in @entity11920 apoprotein as determined by Western blot analysis. There was, however, no significant increase in steady-state levels of @entity11920 mRNA as measured by Northern blot analysis. Starvation also induced @entity11920 apoprotein in the kidney and, as has been reported previously in the liver, had a synergistic inductive effect with @entity1324 . CYP2B and @entity12531 apoproteins were also induced by @entity1324 , starvation and starvation/ @entity1324 combinations in the kidney. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed localization of @entity11920 and CYP2B principally in the cortex associated with tubular cells. This distribution was maintained upon starvation/ @entity1324 treatment. Two induction experiments were performed in which the @entity1068 was administered as part of a system of @entity3147 ( @entity3147 ). A short-term study was conducted in which @entity1068 was administered for 8 days in two liquid diets of different composition, and a chronic experiment was performed in which @entity1068 was administered for 35 days. A diet-independent 6-fold increase in @entity11920 apoprotein was observed in the short-term experiment. Expression of @entity12531 and CYP2A cross-reactive apoproteins in kidney microsomes appeared to be affected by alterations in diet but, were unaffected by @entity1068 treatment. In the chronic 35-day @entity1068 exposure experiment, @entity11920 apoprotein was also elevated 6-fold and this was found to be accompanied by a significant 3-fold increase in @entity11920 mRNA. In the same study, no @entity1068 effects were apparent on expression of CYP2B and @entity12531 apoproteins. Thus, @entity1324 induced a variety of renal cytochrome P450 forms in addition to @entity11920 , while @entity1068 appeared to be a much more specific renal @entity11920 inducer. Furthermore, as reported in the liver, @entity1324 and @entity1068 appeared to induce @entity11920 in the kidney by different mechanisms.

title: Expression and distribution of cytochrome P450 enzymes in male @entity35 kidney: effects of XXXX , @entity1324 and dietary conditions.

entities_list: @entity1324 :: ('MESH:D000096', 'Chemical') :: ['Acetone', 'acetone']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['TEN', 'total enteral nutrition']

entities_list: @entity11921 :: ('MESH:C024836', 'Chemical') :: ['p-nitrophenol']

entities_list: @entity1068 :: ('MESH:D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethanol', 'ethanol']

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['ethanol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the efficacy of intravaginal @entity1421 gel in comparison with that of a Foley catheter for cervical ripening and induction of labor. STUDY DESIGN: Consecutive @entity1 with unfavorable cervix requiring preinduction cervical ripening and induction of labor at term gestation were asked to participate in the study. One hundred and two @entity1 were assigned to treatment with intravaginal @entity1421 gel (group 1) and 122 @entity1 underwent the placement of an intracervical Foley catheter (group 2). After a maximum of three applications of intravaginal @entity1421 gel (18h) or after 18h from Foley catheter insertion @entity398 was administered to @entity1 not in active labor. Labor profiles and pregnancy and neonatal outcome were compared between groups. RESULTS: The groups were comparable in term of demographic characteristics, indications for induction of labor, Bishop score at admission. The induction to labor time and the induction to delivery time were similar between groups. The cesarean sections rate was higher in group 1 than in group 2 (26.5 versus 14.7%, P<0.05). This remained significant when the analysis was restricted to nulliparous @entity1 (32.3 versus 14.2%). The incidence of @entity293 , @entity5870 , and febrile morbidity was similar between groups. CONCLUSION: For preinduction cervical ripening, the Foley catheter is a valid alternative to the application of intravaginal @entity1421 gel and it is associated with a lower cesarean rate in nulliparous @entity1 .

title: Extra-amniotic Foley catheter and XXXX gel for cervical ripening at term gestation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity398 :: ('MESH:D010121', 'Chemical') :: ['oxytocin']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E(2)']

entities_list: @entity5870 :: ('MESH:D002821', 'Disease') :: ['chorioamnionitis']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections']

answer: @entity1421 :: (MESH:D015232,Chemical) :: ['prostaglandin E(2)']


abstract: Abstract Background: The prevalence of the @entity209 ( @entity209 ) increases after the menopause. Reports indicate that the @entity209 and its components, especially @entity28 , enhance the intensity of menopausal symptoms. Objective: Assess the frequency and severity of menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal @entity1 . Factors related to the symptom severity were also analyzed including @entity308 and metabolic status. Methods: A total of 204 natural postmenopausal @entity1 (40-65 years) participating in a @entity209 screening program were asked to fill out the @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ), the Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 Scale (HADS), and a general socio-demographic questionnaire containing personal and partner data. Criteria of the American Heart Association were used to define the @entity209 . Results: Median age of the whole sample was 56 years. A 52.9% presented the @entity209 , with 37.3% presenting @entity4854 , 51.5% @entity101 , 58.3% @entity1144 , 45.6% high @entity412 and 56.4% low HDL-C levels. Total and subscale @entity1168 scores did not differ in accordance to the presence or not of the @entity209 . The three top prevalent menopausal symptoms were muscle and joint problems (87.2%), physical and mental exhaustion (72%) and @entity308 mood (64.7%). A 19.6% of @entity1 presented @entity1168 above 16 defined as severe. Multivariate linear regression analysis determined that @entity148 (higher HADS @entity148 subscale scores) was significantly and positively correlated with all components of the @entity1168 (Total and subscale scores). Higher @entity1168 correlated positively with abdominal perimeter and higher parity. Somatic scores correlated inversely with female education and positively with psychotropic drug use; and psychological @entity1168 scores positively correlated depressed mood (higher HADS @entity308 subscale scores) and abdominal perimeter. Conclusion: In this postmenopausal sample, severity of menopausal symptoms correlated to @entity1144 , mood and other personal aspects.

title: Evaluation of the presence and severity of menopausal symptoms among postmenopausal @entity1 screened for the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal obesity']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['METS', 'metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['total MRS scores', 'MRS', 'Menopause Rating Scale']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['metabolic syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: Ventricular repolarization is assessed using the QT interval corrected by the heart rate (QTc) via an electrocardiogram (ECG). Prolonged QTc is associated with an increased risk of @entity943 and cardiac mortality. As there have been few reports regarding the effects of @entity1378 on ventricular repolarization, we studied the association between serum free @entity1955 (free T4 [fT4]) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and the QTc interval. METHODS: Thirty-eight @entity1 with @entity1378 (<30 years old) were included, and we used their clinical records and available ECGs (between August 2003 and August 2011) to evaluate the association between their fT4 and TSH levels and their QTc interval. In addition, we studied the ECGs of 72 age-matched @entity1 with no @entity1378 (control group) and compared their data with that from the @entity1 group. RESULTS: The QTc duration in @entity1 with @entity1378 was significantly prolonged compared to that in the control subjects (P<0.001). In addition, the number of @entity1378 @entity1 with abnormal prolonged QTc was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.001). Among the @entity1 with @entity1378 , @entity1 with prolonged QTc and borderline QTc had higher fT4 levels and there was positive correlation between their fT4 levels and their QTc interval (P<0.05). However, no correlation was observed between their TSH levels and their QTc interval. CONCLUSION: We report that @entity1378 is associated with @entity1162 . The correlation between the fT4 levels and the QTc interval suggests that thyroid status is associated with QTc values and the risk of cardiac mortality.

title: The XXXX in @entity1378 and the association of thyroid hormone with the QTc interval.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism', 'hyperthyroid']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['QTc prolongation']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity1162 :: (MESH:D008133,Disease) :: ['corrected QT (QTc) prolongation']


abstract: The effects of @entity2857 for Chinese @entity1 with metastatic @entity1358 (mRCC) were evaluated to figure out the relationship between clinical variables and prognosis. The data were analyzed retrospectively from six comprehensive @entity5 centers in Northeast China. All cases were diagnosed as mRCC histopathologically without exception. @entity1 were taken 400 mg @entity2857 orally twice daily until progression of disease or intolerable toxic reaction occurred. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), progression-free survival (PFS), and the influence of clinical variables on survival were appointed as main outcome measures. Clinical data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. A total of 131 @entity1 were available for survival analysis. The median follow-up periods were 16.9 months, and the median @entity1349 and PFS were 16.1 months and 10.5 months, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), metastatic sites, and previous therapy were significantly associated with @entity1349 , whereas PFS was merely associated with ECOG PS and previous therapy. The multivariate analysis suggested that ECOG PS, metastatic sites, and previous therapy were the independent prognostic factors for @entity1349 , and ECOG PS and previous therapy as the independent prognostic factors for PFS. In the subgroup analysis for @entity1 with visceral @entity3 , the prognosis of @entity1 with lung @entity3 alone was better than those cases with liver @entity3 alone or multiple organs @entity3 . In our study, @entity2857 shows a higher curative activity for @entity1 with mRCC in Northeast China. ECOG PS, metastatic lesions, and previous therapy may be important parameters for @entity1349 and PFS prediction. Lung metastases alone may be a more sensitive indicator for @entity2857 than other organ metastases.

title: Prognostic analysis of Chinese @entity1 with @entity3 @entity1358 receiving XXXX : results from a multicenter long-term follow-up retrospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'Overall survival']

answer: @entity2857 :: (MESH:C471405,Chemical) :: ['sorafenib']


abstract: The @entity20546 Questionnaire-Brief Version (SPQ-B), which includes cognitive-perceptual, interpersonal, and disorganized domains, was developed as a concise, self-report measure of schizotypy. This analysis was conducted to: (1) determine the internal consistency reliability of SPQ-B total and subscale scores, (2) use confirmatory factor analysis to assess the three-factor model as well as a single-factor solution, and (3) examine a measure of concurrent criterion validity of SPQ-B scores. The study was conducted at a large, urban, university-affiliated, public-sector health system in the southeastern United States. Data were obtained from 118 @entity1 , including 61 biological relatives of @entity1 with @entity161 , @entity914 , or @entity914 , and 57 non-psychiatric controls. Relatives and controls did not differ significantly on SPQ-B total or subscale scores (or on the full 74-item SPQ total or subscale scores). Internal consistency reliability was adequate for the total SPQ-B score and the interpersonal subscale but was less than ideal for the cognitive-perceptual and disorganized subscales. Regarding the confirmatory factor analysis, though the three-factor solution yielded reasonably good fit to the data, the single-factor solution provided equal fit. Correlations between the three subscales ranged from .63 to .74. With regard to criterion validity, correlations between the SPQ-B total and subscale scores and schizotypy scores derived from a semi-structured, interview-based assessment revealed correlations generally ranging from .40 to .60. The SPQ-B may be a useful brief screening measure of schizotypy, though some limitations in its psychometric properties were evident in this sample. It may be advisable to use total SPQ-B scores rather than subscale scores in some situations, or to use factor analytic techniques to study the instrument's latent structure in specific samples.

title: Psychometric properties of the Brief Version of the @entity20546 Questionnaire in relatives of @entity1 with XXXX -spectrum disorders and non-psychiatric controls.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity20546 :: ('MESH:D012569', 'Disease') :: ['Schizotypal Personality']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['schizoaffective disorder', 'schizophreniform disorder']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown that cultured skin fibroblasts from @entity1 with @entity2316 ( @entity2316 ) exhibit a @entity5072 growth phenotype. Increased DNA synthesis in cells from @entity1 with @entity2316 may ultimately involve alterations in cell cycle regulatory proteins. @entity986 protein is a member of @entity986 family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, which plays an important role in cell cycle regulation. In this study, we examined the correlation between @entity986 protein expression in cultured dermal fibroblasts from type 1 @entity6 @entity1 and the presence of @entity2316 . METHOD: Western blot analysis was performed to compare @entity986 protein expression in skin fibroblasts from @entity1 with @entity2316 as compared to control subjects, @entity6 @entity1 without @entity2316 , and nondiabetic @entity1 with @entity8 . Transcriptional regulation of the @entity986 gene was assessed using competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Methylation status of the promoter region of @entity986 was examined using methylation-specific PCR, and we used single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP)-PCR to assess @entity986 single-nucleotide polymorphism. RESULTS: Cells from @entity6 @entity1 with @entity2316 had nondetectable to significantly lower protein expression of @entity986 . Similarly, mRNA expression of @entity986 was significantly lower in @entity6 @entity1 with @entity2316 . No hypermethylation of @entity986 gene was detected, and no abnormal migrating bands were noticed on SSCP-PCR analysis in cells from @entity1 with @entity2316 . CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that cells from @entity1 with @entity2316 exhibit significantly lower protein and mRNA expression of @entity986 . This study could have not only important implications for the understanding of the pathogenesis of @entity2316 , but also the absence of @entity986 may ultimately serve as an early marker for @entity2316 .

title: Epigenetic and genetic analysis of @entity986 in dermal fibroblasts from type 1 @entity6 XXXX with @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy', 'DN']

entities_list: @entity5072 :: ('MESH:D000796', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplastic']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: RATIONALE: Cohort studies suggest that airflow obstruction is established early in life, manifests as @entity565 and wheezy @entity3617 , and continues into early adulthood. Although an association between @entity565 and @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) in later life has been demonstrated, it is unclear if childhood wheezy @entity3617 is associated with @entity1030 . OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether childhood wheezy @entity3617 increases the risk of @entity1030 in the seventh decade. METHODS: A cohort of @entity1 recruited in 1964 at age 10 to 15 years, which was followed up in 1989, 1995, and 2001, was followed up again in 2014 when at age 60 to 65 years. Discrete time-to-event and linear mixed effects models were used. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: FEV1 and FVC were measured. @entity1030 was defined as post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC <0.7. Childhood wheezing phenotype was related to 1989, 1995, 2001, and 2014 spirometry data. Three hundred thirty subjects, mean age 61 years, were followed up: 38 with @entity565 ; 53 with childhood wheezy @entity3617 ; and 239 control subjects (of whom 57 developed adulthood-onset wheeze between ages 16 and 46 yr). In adjusted multivariate analyses, @entity565 was associated with an increased risk of @entity1030 (odds ratio, 6.37; 95% confidence interval, 3.73-10.94), as was childhood wheezy @entity3617 (odd ratio 1.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-2.91). The @entity1030 risk increased with @entity565 , and wheezy @entity3617 was associated with reduced FEV1 that was evident by the fifth decade and not an accelerated rate of FEV1 decline. In contrast, adulthood-onset wheeze was associated with accelerated FEV1 decline. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood wheezy @entity3617 and @entity565 are associated with an increased risk of @entity1030 and reduced ventilatory function.

title: Outcomes of XXXX and @entity3617 . A 50-Year Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['childhood asthma', 'asthma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['Childhood Asthma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many older adults suffer from @entity1118 which decreases their functional capacity and reduces quality of life. Health behaviours and self-care during @entity102 and @entity1118 can exert an important influence on health outcomes. The aims of this study were to (a) understand how older adult Thai individuals seek appropriate treatment to self-manage their @entity1118 , and (b) to identify factors that contribute to effective @entity158 self-management. METHODS: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 32 older adults living in villages in north-east Thailand. Observations were also conducted with consenting individuals. Most interviews were audio-recorded and transcripts were coded and analysed using a grounded theory approach. RESULTS: Six contextual determinants affected the way @entity1 choose to self-manage their @entity1118 , including: priority accorded to @entity158 management; information and resource seeking skills; critical appraisal skills; access to @entity158 -related information; access to treatment; and satisfaction and preferences for practitioners. @entity1 used several strategies to inform and develop their self-management plans: accessing and responding to information, sourcing resources, trial and error, evaluating treatment and evaluating practitioners. CONCLUSIONS: Attempts to increase accessibility, affordability and acceptability of @entity158 treatment can promote @entity158 self-management in older Thais. These findings have important implications for health professionals and government organisations seeking to enhance the self-management of @entity158 and quality of life in this population.

title: A qualitative study of older adults seeking appropriate treatment to self-manage their XXXX in rural North-East Thailand.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illness']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pain']


abstract: Our objective was to assess if contrast-enhanced (CE) anal endosonography (AES) with @entity273 is useful in the diagnosis of @entity12478 . A Bruel and Kjaer scanner with a 7.0-MHz transducer was used. After visualization of the fistula tract in non-contrast (NC) AES, @entity273 was introduced into the fistula tract through the external opening in 22 @entity1 with different types of @entity9292 . Both CE and NC AES revealed 13 transsphincteric, 3 intersphincteric, 2 suprasphincteric and 4 ano-vaginal @entity292 . Simple tracts were found in 16 cases and complex in 6 cases in non-contrast AES. The CE AES revealed 19 simple and 3 complex @entity292 . Fifteen internal openings visible in NC AES were confirmed in CE AES in 6 cases, which additionally found 11 more internal openings. Surgery confirmed all types of @entity292 found in NC and CE AES; however, the latter two found 18 simple and 4 complex @entity292 , and 21 internal openings. Both NC and CE AES are able to correctly differentiate types of @entity9292 and are of comparable value in differentiating simple from complex @entity292 , although a false-negative result was found in CE AES. In the preoperative assessment of the internal opening, CE AES is superior to NC AES.

title: Usefulness of XXXX enhancement in diagnosis of @entity12478 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity12478 :: ('MESH:D014624', 'Disease') :: ['anal and ano-vaginal fistulas']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity9292 :: ('MESH:D012003', 'Disease') :: ['anal fistulas']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas']

answer: @entity273 :: (MESH:D006861,Chemical) :: ['hydrogen peroxide']


abstract: The aim of this study was to analyse the changes of baroreflex sensitivity ( @entity4375 ) and their relation to changes of heart rate and blood pressure in medical students during moderate @entity1642 brought about by oral examination. The changes of @entity4375 during the stress were compared with the changes during light physical exercise. Thirty three students were examined 30 min before and 30 min after the exam. Thirty-nine students of control group were examined at rest and during light exercise. Blood pressure was noninvasively recorded by @entity8907  z method at rate-controlled breathing (0.33 Hz). The @entity4375 [ms/mm Hg] and BRSf [Hz/mm Hg] were calculated by spectral analysis of spontaneous fluctuations of blood pressure and inter-beat intervals (IBI). @entity4375 before examination (7.12 ms/mm Hg) was significantly lower than after the oral exam (8.77 ms/mm Hg, p<0.05). The difference between @entity4375 in the test group after the oral exam and the control group at rest (10.78 ms/mm Hg) was not significant. @entity4375 during light exercise (7.44 ms/mm Hg) corresponded to the value during @entity1642 . The values of BRSf did not change during @entity1642 (before: 0.0182 Hz/mm Hg; after: 0.0182 Hz/mm Hg) and exercise (rest: 0.0158 Hz/mm Hg; exercise: 0.0144 Hz/mm Hg). Correlation between @entity4375 or BRSf and blood pressure were not found. A significant negative correlation (r=-0.404, p<0.05) between BRSf and the increase of diastolic blood pressure during stress was observed. It is concluded that BRSf remained constant during @entity1642 and exercise, and differed essentially from that in @entity101 subjects.

title: Baroreflex sensitivity during XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['psychological stress']

answer: @entity1642 :: (MESH:D015775,Disease) :: ['psychological stress']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In resource-limited nations like Nepal, @entity154 , including @entity601 ( @entity601 ), have great public health impact. @entity601 and a few other @entity154 can be prevented by micronutrient supplementation. Without proper research regarding such defects, it is difficult to assess the damage made to health and productivity. This study aims to investigate different @entity154 among @entity1 in Nepal. METHODS: Household surveys and health camps were conducted from 2011 to 2012. Physical examination of @entity1 of reproductive age (15 to 49  years) was done in selected Village Development Committees of nine districts in three ecological regions of Nepal. @entity154 , including @entity601 , were examined in @entity1 (age 0 to 5  years) who were alive at the time of the survey. Data entry and analysis was performed by using SPSS version 11.5. RESULTS: 21,111 @entity1 were interviewed and 27,201 @entity1 born to them were assessed. The prevalence of @entity154 was 52.0 (95  % CI: 44.0-61.0) per 10,000 @entity1 . The prevalence of selected @entity601 was 4.0 (95  % CI: 2.0-7.0) per 10,000 @entity1 . Among the @entity601 , @entity3976 , myelomeningocele and dermal sinus were the major ones, having almost the same prevalence in the Hill and Terai regions. The majority of @entity1 with @entity790 (17.0 per 10,000 @entity1 ; 95  % CI: 10.0-28.0) and @entity4218 (14.0 per 10,000 @entity1 ; 95  % CI: 8.0-24.0) were found in the Terai. The rate of @entity600 was higher in the regions where @entity1 were in poor health. CONCLUSION: There is high prevalence of @entity154 in Nepal. Since such defects add a burden to families and society, it is imperative that health policies addressing programs like supplementation, fortification and dietary diversification be implemented.

title: Prevalence of @entity154 including selected XXXX in Nepal: results from a health survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital defects', 'congenital defects']

entities_list: @entity3976 :: ('MESH:D004677', 'Disease') :: ['encephalocele']

entities_list: @entity4218 :: ('MESH:D017880', 'Disease') :: ['limb deformities']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital birth defects']

entities_list: @entity601 :: ('MESH:D009436', 'Disease') :: ['NTDs', 'neural tube defects']

entities_list: @entity790 :: ('MESH:D014564', 'Disease') :: ['genital abnormalities']

answer: @entity601 :: (MESH:D009436,Disease) :: ['neural tube defects']


abstract: From May to November 2013, a total of 1175 wild freshwater fishes were collected from the rivers of Chuoer, Yalu, Wuyuer, Alun, and Yin in Nenjiang River basin Qiqihaer City, and examined for metacercariae by direct compression method. The metacercariae were collected by artificial digestion method. Forty Kunming @entity19 were infected with 30-40 metacercariae of @entity2440 . The @entity19 were sacrificed 36 days after @entity281 , and the adult worms were collected from bile duct, and observed under microscope. The results showed that a total of 1 175 fishes, belonging to nine species were taken from the Nenjiang basin of Qiqihaer region. The @entity281 rate of @entity2440 metacercariae was 51.2% (602/1 175). All the species were infected besides @entity17370 , and the highest prevalence (82.7%, 91/149) was found in Longnose @entity60980 and the lowest (7.1%, 6/84) in Perccottus glenii. Among the rivers, the highest prevalence of metacercariae was in Wuyuer River. (65.7%, 218/332), and the lowest was in Alun River and Yin River (24.1%, 67/278) (P<0.05). Each part of the body in the @entity2083 and @entity12109 were susceptible for metacercariae. The main @entity281 site in Longnose @entity60980 was the fish scales, and @entity2441 metacercaria was first discovered in the brain tissue of @entity68695 . The experimental results showed that the adult worms of @entity2441 were found in the hepatic bile duct of the @entity19 , with an @entity281 rate of 85.0% (34/40). The suckers, digestive system and reproductive system of @entity2441 were visible clearly.

title: [Prevalence of metacercariae of XXXX in wild freshwater fishes from Nenjiang River around Qiqihaer City].

entities_list: @entity17370 :: ('30991', 'Species') :: ['Silurus asotus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2083 :: ('7957', 'Species') :: ['Carassius auratus']

entities_list: @entity68695 :: ('219677', 'Species') :: ['Phoxinus lagowskii']

entities_list: @entity2440 :: ('79923', 'Species') :: ['Clonorchis sinensis']

entities_list: @entity12109 :: ('51549', 'Species') :: ['Pseudorasbora parva']

answer: @entity2440 :: (79923,Species) :: ['Clonorchis sinensis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Bacteriophages are the main cause of fermentation failures in dairy plants. The majority of @entity5858 phages can be divided into either cos- or pac-type phages and are additionally characterized by examining the V2 region of their antireceptors. We screened a large number of @entity5859 phages from the Chr. Hansen A/S collection, using PCR specific for the cos- or pac-type phages, as well as for the V2 antireceptor region. Three phages did not produce positive results with the assays. Analysis of phage morphologies indicated that two of these phages, CHPC577 and CHPC926, had shorter tails than the traditional @entity5859 phages. The third phage, CHPC1151, had a tail size similar to those of the cos- or pac-type phages, but it displayed a different baseplate structure. Sequencing analysis revealed the genetic similarity of CHPC577 and CHPC926 with a subgroup of @entity7878 P335 phages. Phage CHPC1151 was closely related to the atypical @entity69355 , homologous with a nondairy streptococcal prophage. By testing adsorption of the related streptococcal and lactococcal phages to the surface of @entity5859 and @entity16121 strains, we revealed the possibility of cross-interactions. Our data indicated that the use of @entity5859 together with @entity16121 , extensively applied for dairy fermentations, triggered the recombination between phages infecting different bacterial species. A notable diversity among @entity5859 phage populations requires that a new classification of the group be proposed.IMPORTANCEStreptococcus thermophilus is a component of thermophilic starter cultures commonly used for cheese and yogurt production. Characterizing streptococcal phages, understanding their genetic relationships, and studying their interactions with various hosts are the necessary steps for preventing and controlling phage attacks that occur during dairy fermentations.

title: Novel Variants of XXXX Bacteriophages Are Indicative of Genetic Recombination among Phages from Different Bacterial Species.

entities_list: @entity5858 :: ('1308', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus thermophilus']

entities_list: @entity5859 :: ('2057', 'Species') :: ['S. thermophilus']

entities_list: @entity7878 :: ('1358', 'Species') :: ['Lactococcus lactis']

answer: @entity5858 :: (1308,Species) :: ['Streptococcus thermophilus']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to assess prospectively changes in serum lipid profile and myocardial perfusion with serial radionuclide single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) during the first six months of pravastatin therapy. BACKGROUND: Morbid coronary events occur despite statin therapy and lipid-lowering in @entity1 with @entity453 ( @entity453 ). A reliable strategy to identify responders with effective treatment from nonresponders on statin therapy before clinical events is needed. METHODS: Rest and stress SPECT MPI and lipids were assessed serially in 25 @entity1 (36% @entity1 ) with @entity453 and @entity2299 during the first six months of pravastatin therapy. RESULTS: Total @entity165 , low-density lipoprotein @entity165 , and @entity1674 declined (26%, 32%, and 30%, respectively) by six weeks and remained reduced at six months. Mean stress perfusion defect (summed stress score [SSS]) was severe (13.3 +/- 6.0) at baseline, showed no change at six weeks, and improved significantly at six months (10.3 +/- 7.3, p < 0.01). The six-month study SSS improved in 11 (48%) @entity1 , was unchanged in 10 (43%) @entity1 , and worsened in 2 (9%) @entity1 . Changes in lipid levels did not reliably predict changes in myocardial perfusion at six weeks or six months in this small pilot study. CONCLUSIONS: Serial SPECT MPI demonstrated improved stress myocardial perfusion in 48% of @entity1 treated for six months with @entity8673 . Time course of improved myocardial perfusion during pravastatin therapy is delayed compared to lipids. Direction and magnitude of changes in the myocardial perfusion vary and do not correlate closely with improvements in lipids.

title: Prospective serial evaluation of myocardial perfusion and lipids during the first six months of pravastatin therapy: XXXX regression single photon emission computed tomography monitoring trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity8673 :: ('MESH:D017035', 'Chemical') :: ['pravastatin']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of stereotactic radiosurgery treating @entity5513 secondary to type 2 @entity4786 . METHODS: A retrospective review of 122 type 2 @entity5513 consecutively treated in 96 @entity1 . Tumour control was assessed by recourse to surgical intervention, by serial radiological imaging, and by the calculation of relative growth ratios in @entity1 (n=29) habouring untreated @entity5 to act as internal controls. Hearing function was assessed with Gardner-Robertson grades and with averaged pure tone audiogram thresholds. Other complications are detailed. RESULTS: Applying current techniques, eight years after radiosurgery it was estimated that 20% of @entity1 will have undergone surgery for their @entity5 , 50% will have radiologically controlled @entity5 , and in 30% there will be some variable concern about @entity5 control, but up to that time they will have been managed conservatively. Relative growth ratios one and two years after treatment indicate that radiosurgery confers a significant (p=0.01) advantage over the natural history of the disease. Analysis of these ratios beyond two years was precluded by the need to intervene and radiosurgically treat the contralateral control @entity5 in more than 50% of the cases. This growth control was achieved with 40% of @entity1 retaining their Gardner-Robertson hearing grades three years after treatment, (40% having some deterioration in grade, 20% becoming deaf). Pure tone audiogram results suggest some progressive long term @entity393 , although interpretation of this is difficult. @entity16 occurred in 5% and 2%. CONCLUSIONS: Radiosurgery is a valuable minimally invasive alternative treatment for these @entity5 . For most @entity1 , it controls growth or defers the need for surgery, or both. There is a price in terms of hearing function, although this may compare favourably with the @entity2319 associated with the natural history of the disease, and with surgery. In deciding on therapy, @entity1 should be aware of this treatment option.

title: Clinical experience with gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery in the management of XXXX secondary to type 2 @entity4786 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular schwannomas', 'neurofibromatosis vestibular schwannomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['contralateral tumours', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Facial and trigeminal neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity4786 :: ('MESH:D017253', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromatosis']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['vestibular schwannomas']


abstract: One of the best documented autosomal linkage associations in @entity1 is on chromosome 1p and in the @entity19 on chromosome 4. On mitotic chromosomes this genetic homology is shown more clearly by early replication banding (RBG; induced by incorporation of @entity1603 ( @entity1603 ) in the second half of the S phase) than by structural banding (induced on prefixed chromosomes by denaturation, RFA, or trypsin, @entity15533 ). To analyse this phenomenon in more detail, 11 chromosomal regions in @entity1 and the @entity468 with known genetic homology were compared. In four chromosome pairs RBG and @entity15533 banding show the same degree of homology. In seven chromosome pairs the homology is more pronounced by RBG than by @entity15533 banding. RFA banding does not reveal the same extent of homology as does RBG banding. These results clearly show a difference between the structural banding pattern, RFA and @entity15533 , and the replication banding pattern, RBG. The following conclusions can be drawn: in chromosomal regions with homologous functions the DNA replicates in the same temporal order. Early replication banding (RBG) reveals a functional pattern in these regions which has been more strongly preserved during evolution than the underlying chromosomal DNA. Differences in chromosomal banding are most prominent in the @entity15533 banding pattern, whereas similarities are most apparent in the RBG banding pattern.

title: Early replication banding reveals a strongly conserved functional pattern in XXXX chromosomes.

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BrdU', "5'bromodeoxyuridine"]

entities_list: @entity468 :: ('9685', 'Species') :: ['domestic cat']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['mammalian']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate epicardial biventricular pacing as a means of maintaining synchronous ventricular activation in an acute @entity235 model of @entity713 with normal ventricular anatomy and function. Chronic single-site ventricular pacing results in dyssynchronous ventricular activation and may contribute to @entity67 . Biventricular pacing has been used successfully in adult @entity1 with @entity712 . METHODS AND RESULTS: This was an acute study of open chest mongrel @entity235 (n = 13). ECG, left ventricular (LV), aortic, and pulmonary arterial pressures were measured. LV impedance catheters were used to assess cardiodynamics using instantaneous LV @entity551 ( @entity551 ). Following radiofrequency ablation of the AV node, a temporary pacemaker was programmed 10 beats/min above the intrinsic atrial rate, with an AV interval similar to the baseline intrinsic PR interval. The pacing protocol consisted of 5-minute intervals with the following lead configurations: right atrium-right ventricular apex (RA-RVA), RA-LV apex (LVA), and RA-biventricular using combinations of four ventricular sites (RVA, RV outflow tract [RVOT], LVA, LV base [LVB]). RA-RVA was used as the experimental control. LV systolic mechanics, as measured by the slope of the end-systolic (Ees) @entity551 (ESPVR, mmHg/cc), was statistically greater (P < 0.05) with all modes of biventricular pacing (RA-RVA/LVA 20.0 +/- 2.9, RA-RVA/LVB 18.4 +/- 2.9, RA-RVOT/LVA 15.1 +/- 1.8, RA-RVOT/LVB 17.6 +/- 2.9) compared to single-site ventricular pacing (RA-RVA 12.8 +/- 1.6). Concurrent with this improvement in myocardial performance was a shortening of the QRS duration (RA-RVA 97.7 +/- 2.9 vs RA-RVA/LVA 75.7 +/- 4.9, RA-RVA/LVB 70.3 +/- 4.9, RA-RVOT/LVA 65.3 +/- 4.4, and RA-RVOT/LVB 76.7 +/- 5.9, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In this acute @entity235 model of @entity713 , QRS duration shortened and LV performance improved with epicardial biventricular pacing compared to standard single-site ventricular pacing.

title: Evaluation of myocardial performance with conventional single-site ventricular pacing and biventricular pacing in a XXXX model of @entity713 .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['PVR', 'pressure-volume relations']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify associations between @entity2072 exposure during pregnancy and medical conditions in newborn @entity1 from birth through hospital discharge. DESIGN: Multisite, prospective, randomized study. SETTING: Brown University, University of Miami, University of Tennessee (Memphis), and Wayne State University. Subjects A total of 717 @entity2072 -exposed @entity1 and 7442 nonexposed @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Results of physical examination and conditions observed during hospitalization. RESULTS: @entity2072 -exposed @entity1 were about 1.2 weeks younger, weighed 536 g less, measured 2.6 cm shorter, and had head circumference 1.5 cm smaller than nonexposed @entity1 (all P<.001). Results did not confirm previously reported abnormalities. Central and autonomic nervous system symptoms were more frequent in the exposed group: jittery/ @entity400 (adjusted odds ratio, 2.17; 99% confidence interval, 1.44-3.29), high-pitched cry (2.44; 1.06-5.66), @entity146 (1.81; 1.18-2.80), excessive suck (3.58; 1.63-7.88), hyperalertness (7.78; 1.72-35.06), and autonomic instability (2.64; 1.17-5.95). No differences were detected in organ systems by ultrasound examination. Exposed @entity1 had more @entity281 (3.09; 1.76-5.45), including @entity99 (13.46; 7.46-24.29), syphilis (8.84; 3.74-20.88), and @entity1 @entity465 virus exposure (12.37; 2.20-69.51); were less often breastfed (0.26; 0.15-0.44); had more @entity1 protective services referrals (48.92; 28.77-83.20); and were more often not living with their biological mother (18.70; 10.53-33.20). CONCLUSIONS: Central and autonomic nervous system symptoms were more frequent in the exposed cohort and persisted in an adjusted analysis. They were usually transient and may be a true @entity2072 effect. Abnormal anatomic outcomes previously reported were not confirmed. @entity281 , particularly sexually transmitted diseases, pose a serious public health challenge. Exposure increased involvement of @entity1 protective services and out-of-home placement.

title: Acute neonatal effects of XXXX exposure during pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'infants', 'child']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections', 'Increased infections']

entities_list: @entity2072 :: ('MESH:D003042', 'Chemical') :: ['Cocaine', 'cocaine']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

answer: @entity2072 :: (MESH:D003042,Chemical) :: ['cocaine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Herein we report our experience in placement of endovascular stentgrafts in the descending aorta in @entity1 with @entity697 due to @entity397 or aortobronchial fistula. METHODS: Six @entity1 (one @entity1 , five @entity1 , mean age 47+/-19 years) were treated from September 1995 to February 2000 by implantation of endovascular stentgrafts in the descending aorta. Indications included traumatic @entity397 of the aortic isthmus (n=3) and aortobronchial @entity292 (n=3). All procedures were performed under general anaesthesia. The implants were introduced under fluoroscopic guidance via the aorta (n=1), the iliac (n=4) or femoral (n=2) artery, respectively. RESULTS: All aortobronchial @entity292 and @entity397 were sealed up successfully. There was no perioperative morbidity and no procedure-related morbidity except one @entity1 who received aortofemoral reconstruction because of @entity432 . All @entity1 are alive and well after a mean follow-up of 31 months (range 6-60). Two @entity1 had recurrent hemoptysis, in one case, the @entity1 received a second implant (distal extension), the other @entity1 was managed conservatively. CONCLUSION: Endovascular treatment by a stentgraft is a safe and reliable procedure in the management of @entity697 in @entity1 with @entity1755 or aortobronchial @entity292 .

title: Endovascular treatment of XXXX in traumatic @entity1755 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute bleeding complications']

entities_list: @entity1755 :: ('MESH:D001019', 'Disease') :: ['aortic rupture']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptures', 'traumatic rupture']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['iliac occlusive disease']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute bleeding complications']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To identify a better set of DNA methylation markers to detect superficial, low grade @entity5 cell in urine sediment for improving @entity5 treatment, morbidity, and mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) assay was used to detect promoter hypermethylation in 4 genes ( @entity5962 , @entity986 , @entity986 , and @entity15893 ) to identify reliable biomarkers for @entity150 diagnosis in @entity5 DNA and urine sediment DNA from 57 @entity150 @entity1 . Urine DNA was compared with 20 healthy controls. RESULTS: Fifty-one (90%) @entity5 DNA and 47 urine DNA (83%) samples from @entity150 @entity1 revealed hypermethylation in at least 1 of the 4 analyzed genes, whereas all urine samples from normal controls were negative. The sensitivity of MSP assay for detecting @entity5962 , @entity986 , @entity986 and @entity15893 in @entity5 cells in voided urine was 35%, 35%, 33%, and 65%, respectively. Diagnostic sensitivity was 75% for combining @entity15893 and @entity986 , and 83% for @entity15893 , @entity986 and @entity5962 . Urine cytology, however, detect only 13 (28%) cases of @entity5 or suspicious @entity5 . For detecting superficial and invasive @entity150 , urine cytology revealed a sensitivity of 23% (6/26) and 35% (7/20), respectively. In contrast, MSP detected hypermethylation in the urine of 80% (37/46) @entity150 @entity1 . Moreover, hypermethylation analysis of @entity5962 , @entity986 or @entity15893 genes in urine sediment DNA detected in 85% (22/26) of superficial, 85% (11/13) of low grade, 75% (15/20) of invasive and 79% (26/33) of high grade @entity150 . Importantly, hypermethylation was detected in the urine DNA of 90% (18/20) superficial @entity5 with negative or atypia cytology. CONCLUSIONS: Hypermethylation of @entity5962 , @entity986 or @entity15893 in urine sediment DNA is a potential biomarker for detecting superficial, low grade @entity5 . Besides, hypermethylation of these 3 genes is a valuable adjunct diagnostic marker to urine cytology, which can enhance the diagnostic accuracy and follow-up treatment of @entity150 @entity1 .

title: Increase sensitivity in detecting superficial, low grade @entity150 by combination analysis of hypermethylation of @entity5962 , @entity986 , XXXX , @entity15893 genes in urine.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumor', 'bladder cancers', 'bladder cancer']

answer: @entity986 :: (1029,Gene) :: ['p14']


abstract: @entity842 (NO) functions as a cell-signaling molecule in plants. In particular, a role for NO in the regulation of @entity68 homeostasis and in the plant response to toxic metals has been proposed. Here, we investigated the synthesis and the role of NO in plants exposed to @entity3409 ( @entity3280 ), a nonessential and toxic metal. We demonstrate that @entity3280 induces NO synthesis in roots and leaves of @entity958 ( @entity958 ) seedlings. This production, which is sensitive to NO synthase inhibitors, does not involve @entity1507 reductase and @entity28316 but requires @entity10039 , encoding a major plasma membrane transporter for @entity68 but also @entity3280 . By analyzing the incidence of NO scavenging or inhibition of its synthesis during @entity3280 treatment, we demonstrated that NO contributes to @entity3280 -triggered inhibition of root growth. To understand the mechanisms underlying this process, a microarray analysis was performed in order to identify NO-modulated root genes up- and down-regulated during @entity3280 treatment. Forty-three genes were identified encoding proteins related to @entity68 homeostasis, proteolysis, @entity1568 assimilation/metabolism, and root growth. These genes include @entity10039 . Investigation of the metal and ion contents in @entity3280 -treated roots in which NO synthesis was impaired indicates that @entity10039 up-regulation by NO was consistently correlated to NO's ability to promote @entity3280 accumulation in roots. This analysis also highlights that NO is responsible for @entity3280 -induced inhibition of root @entity141 accumulation. Taken together, our results suggest that NO contributes to @entity3280 @entity137 by favoring @entity3280 versus @entity141 uptake and by initiating a cellular pathway resembling those activated upon @entity68 deprivation.

title: XXXX contributes to @entity3409 @entity137 in @entity958 by promoting @entity3409 accumulation in roots and by up-regulating genes related to @entity68 uptake.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana', 'Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['Nitric oxide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current treatment strategies for @entity135 are moving away from radical resection and toward surgical @entity5 reduction, in order to preserve function and reduce morbidity. Radiotherapy modalities are alternative primary treatment options. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A PubMed search of the relevant literature on genetics and treatment of @entity135 was conducted. RESULTS: The rapid progress made in genetic research was mainly triggered by two factors: firstly, the establishment of central registries for @entity1823 @entity1 and secondly, the availability of next-generation sequencing methods. Exome sequencing and a gene-panel sequencing approach have already been successfully applied to @entity1823 syndromes. The latter method in particular is rapid and cost-effective, and may soon replace complex genotyping algorithms. The literature provides good evidence that diversified modern treatment options are available to realize individual treatment concepts for almost all @entity1823 manifestations. Generally, small and symptomatic @entity5 should be completely resected, particularly in younger @entity1 . Considering the @entity1 's age, symptoms, morbidity risk, and comorbidities, larger @entity5 should be surgically treated in a function-preserving manner. In these cases, primary radiotherapy is an equivalent alternative option. A "wait and scan" strategy is possible in selected cases. DISCUSSION: The potential morbidity of surgical treatment must be weighed against the expectable quality of life. Comprehensive consultation with the @entity1 about possible treatment modalities is mandatory. Treatment decision making should involve a multidisciplinary team of experts.

title: [Head and neck XXXX : An interdisciplinary challenge].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck paragangliomas']

entities_list: @entity1823 :: ('MESH:D010235', 'Disease') :: ['paraganglioma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity1823 :: (MESH:D010235,Disease) :: ['paragangliomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The muscle imbalance associated with the @entity508 type of @entity306 may result in @entity7194 or dislocations of the hip. The aim of the study was to compare the clinical and radiological results of myotomy of the hip adductor muscles versus adductor transfer to the ischiadic tuber in the prevention of @entity572 in @entity306 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 36 ambulant @entity1 with @entity508 treated at our Department in the years 1987-2002. Group I consisted of 21 @entity1 (41 @entity572 ) who underwent myotomy of the adductor longus, adductor brevis and gracilis muscles. Mean age at the time of surgery was 10 years (3 to 17 years). Group II consisted of 15 @entity1 (28 @entity572 ) who underwent transfer of the tendons of the adductor muscles to the ischiadic tuber. Mean age at the time of surgery in this group was 8 years (3 to 16 years). The mean duration of hospital stay was 6 days in Group I and 9 days in Group II. Rehabilitation was carried out for an average of 3 months in Group I and 4 months in Group II. RESULTS: The follow-up examination showed improvement in the hip range of motion in both groups and no radiographic differences. CONCLUSIONS: Adductor myotomy is superior to adductor transfer because of easier surgical technique, shorter duration of hospital stay and no need to immobilize the hip.

title: Evaluation of adductor myotomy versus adductor transfer to ischiadic tuber in the treatment of XXXX hip in @entity306 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spastic', 'spastic diparetic CP']

entities_list: @entity7194 :: ('MESH:D007906', 'Disease') :: ['subluxations']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['hip joints', 'hip subluxation and dislocation']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['infantile cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity508 :: (MESH:D009128,Disease) :: ['spastic']


abstract: AIMS: To determine the risk of all cause mortality, cause specific mortality, and incident @entity5 in meatworkers. METHODS: In a retrospective cohort study, a list of members of a meatworkers union in Australia was matched with the national @entity204 and @entity5 registries. Standardised mortality ratios (SMR) and standardised incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated using Australian population rates. Exposure to animal viruses, animal blood, animal faeces, and plastic pyrolysis products was assigned according to job title. A nested case control analysis examined the risk of mortality and @entity5 incidence by each exposure. RESULTS: There were approximately 20 000 subjects available for analysis. Male workers had increased risk of mortality from all causes (SMR 116, 95% CI 105 to 128) and from injury (SMR 131, 95% CI 108 to 157). Risk of incident @entity2 in males was non-significantly increased (SIR 164, 95% CI 97 to 259) and males had a raised risk of @entity135 (SIR 188, 95% CI 103 to 315). There were no significant associations with specific exposures. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to the general Australian population, meatworkers have increased risk of @entity204 from all causes, @entity204 from injury, and incident lung and @entity135 . Analysis by occupational exposures did not disclose any strong evidence of specific occupational risk factors, although this analysis was limited by small numbers of some outcomes and exposure assessment which was based on job titles only.

title: Mortality and XXXX incidence in a cohort of meatworkers.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Idiopathic @entity11755 ( @entity11755 ) is characterized by @entity1949 , resulting in motor activity during dreams. Studies estimate that approximately half of @entity1 with @entity11755 will eventually develop @entity191 ( @entity191 ), so @entity11755 may be an indicator of presymptomatic @entity191 . Several potential early diagnostic markers of @entity191 have been proposed, but they have generally not been tested in presymptomatic @entity191 . The authors hypothesized that these markers may be abnormal in idiopathic @entity11755 . METHODS: The authors compared 25 @entity1 with polysomnography-confirmed @entity11755 without @entity191 with age- and sex-matched controls. Color vision, olfaction, quantitative motor testing, and indices of @entity308 , @entity1314 , and autonomic function were examined. RESULTS: @entity1 demonstrated significant impairment in color discrimination and olfactory function. @entity1 had @entity854 on quantitative testing of motor and gait speed. Autonomic symptoms were more common in @entity1 than controls. Abnormalities were heterogeneous, with some @entity1 scoring normally on all domains, whereas others were severely impaired on multiple domains. Dysfunction on tests of olfactory function, color vision, and motor speed were highly correlated, such that @entity1 who performed poorly on one test tended to perform poorly on the others. CONCLUSIONS: Many potential early markers of @entity191 are significantly abnormal in @entity11755 . These abnormalities are present in approximately half of the @entity1 , suggesting a heterogenous pathophysiology.

title: Potential early markers of XXXX in @entity11755 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['personality']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['loss of atonia during REM sleep']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinson disease', 'PD']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['subtle abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity11755 :: ('MESH:D020187', 'Disease') :: ['REM sleep behavior disorder', 'idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder', 'RBD']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity131 ( @entity131 ) results in learning and @entity2414 . @entity73 result from cellular and metabolic dysfunction after injury, including decreased cerebral @entity413 uptake and @entity32 . This study assessed the ability of intranasal insulin to increase cerebral @entity413 uptake after injury, reduce lesion volume, improve memory and learning function and reduce @entity32 . Adult male @entity35 received a controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury followed by intranasal insulin or saline treatment daily for 14 days. PET imaging of @entity419 uptake was performed at baseline and at 48   h and 10 days @entity130 and MRI on days three and nine post injury. Motor function was tested with the beam walking test. Memory function was assessed with Morris water maze. Intranasal insulin after CCI significantly improved several outcomes compared to saline. Insulin-treated animals performed better on beam walk and demonstrated significantly improved memory. A significant increase in @entity419 uptake was observed in the hippocampus. Intranasal insulin also resulted in a significant decrease in hippocampus lesion volume and significantly less microglial immunolabeling in the hippocampus. These data show that intranasal insulin improves memory, increases cerebral @entity413 uptake and decreases neuroinflammation and hippocampal lesion volume, and may therefore be a viable therapy for @entity131 .

title: Intranasal insulin treatment of an experimental model of moderate XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'Traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['post-injury']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND METHODS: The benefits of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal @entity1 are well known including control of vasomotor symptoms and long-term benefits on the cardiovascular, skeletal and central nervous systems. However, some studies have reported a link between long-term HRT use and @entity5 . This paper reviews some of the data related to HRT and major gynaecological @entity5 . RESULTS: Appropriate HRT regimens can reduce the risk of @entity1869 in non-hysterectomised @entity1 and can reduce the incidence of @entity14 . There is no consensus on a link between @entity43 , and the data relating to HRT and @entity0 presents differing risk analyses. However, it is generally accepted that HRT taken for 5 years or less does not increase the risk of @entity0 . When HRT is taken for 10 years or more, the relative risk of being diagnosed with @entity0 is 1.46. Individual risk must be weighed against the benefits offered by HRT, especially in terms of the long-term beneficial effects on the cardiovascular, skeletal and central nervous systems. Whilst one in 8-12 @entity1 may contract @entity0 in the western world, one in 3 @entity1 over 65 will have @entity65 and 30-50% of postmenopausal @entity1 will have @entity170 . CONCLUSION: Fear of @entity5 is one of the main reasons why @entity1 object to HRT. Physicians must be able to counteract this fear with fact, and counsel @entity1 on their individual risk, as well as putting any @entity5 risk into perspective with other long-term benefits.

title: HRT and XXXX risk: separating fact from fiction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['HRT and ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1869 :: ('MESH:D004714', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']