abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The arctic and sub-arctic waters of Alaska provide a very hazardous work setting, with special hazards posed by great distances, seasonal darkness, cold waters, high winds, brief fishing seasons, and icing. Our intent is to reduce the remarkably high occupational fatality rate (200/100,000/year in 1991-1992) among Alaska's commercial fishing workers. Over 90% of these @entity204 have been due to @entity14481 or @entity14481 plus @entity2332 , primarily associated with vessel capsizings and sinkings. METHODS: Comprehensive surveillance for commercial fishing occupational fatalities was established during 1991 in Alaska. During 1990 through 1994, the U.S. Commercial Fishing Industry Vessel Safety Act of 1988 required the implementation of comprehensive prevention measures for all fishing vessels in offshore cold waters, including immersion suits and other personal flotation devices, survival craft (life rafts), emergency position-indicating radio beacons, and crew training in emergency response and first aid. Parallel to this, voluntary training efforts by nonprofit organizations have greatly increased. RESULTS: During 1990-1994, @entity14481 was the leading cause of occupational death in Alaska. During this period, 117 fishers died, 101 of them from @entity14481 or @entity14481 / @entity2332 . During 1991-1994, there was a substantial decrease in Alaskan commercial fishing-related @entity204 , from 34 in 1991 to 35 in 1992, 22 in 1993, and 10 in 1994. While @entity1 -overboard drownings and some other categories of @entity204 (falls, fires) have continued to occur, the most marked progress has been in vessel-related events. CONCLUSION: Specific measures tailored to prevent @entity14481 in vessel capsizings and sinkings in Alaska's commercial fishing industry have been very successful so far. Additional efforts must be made to reduce the frequency of vessel events and to prevent @entity1 -overboard events and drownings associated with them.

title: Preventing XXXX in Alaska's commercial fishing industry.

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['deaths']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the 1-year results of @entity1 on whom we used the transobturator tape method for the @entity3142 treatment according to body mass index (BMI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity1 diagnosed with @entity3142 and treated with the transobturator tape method were divided into three groups according to BMI. We recorded the results of preoperative urodynamic studies; durations of operation, catheterization, and hospitalization; and complications of @entity1 . @entity1 were evaluated 1 year after the operation with respect to the objective/subjective success rates of the operation, @entity1 satisfaction rates, and possible late complications. RESULTS: The @entity28 group was observed to have a significantly higher duration of operation than the normal and overweight groups (p<0.001). The objective and subjective success rates were not significantly different between the groups (p=0.567 and p=0.245, respectively). There was no statistical difference between the groups with respect to the satisfaction rates (p=0.245). There was no significant difference between all three groups with respect to both preoperative and postoperative complication rates (p=0.096). CONCLUSION: The transobturator tape method for @entity3142 treatment has similar objective and subjective success rates, independent of BMI. In the @entity28 @entity1 , the operation time is longer than the others, but there is no difference with respect to the complication rates.

title: Comparison of one-year results of transobturator tape method in the XXXX treatment according to body mass index.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3142 :: ('MESH:D014550', 'Disease') :: ['stress incontinence']

answer: @entity3142 :: (MESH:D014550,Disease) :: ['stress incontinence']


abstract: @entity143 receptors (NMDARs) are tetrameric protein complexes usually comprising two @entity4474 and two NR2 subunits. Different combinations of four potential NR2 subunits (NR2A-D) confer diversity in developmental expression, subsynaptic localization, and functional characteristics, including affinity for neurotransmitter. @entity4319 -containing NMDARs, for example, exhibit relatively high affinity both for @entity2227 and the coagonist @entity2228 . Although multiple NMDAR subtypes can colocalize at individual synapses, particular subtypes often mediate inputs from distinct functional pathways. In @entity2479 cells (RGCs), NMDARs contribute to synaptic responses elicited by light stimulus onset ("ON") and offset ("OFF"), but roles for particular NMDAR subtypes, and potential segregation between the ON and OFF pathways, have not been explored. Moreover, elements in the retinal circuitry release two different NMDAR coagonists, @entity2228 and @entity7343 , but the effects of endogenous coagonist release on the relative contribution of different NMDAR subtypes are unclear. Here, we show that coagonist release within the retina modulates the relative contribution of different NMDARs in the ON pathway of the @entity35 retina. By pharmacologically stimulating functional pathways independently in acute slices and recording synaptic responses in RGCs, we show that ON inputs, but not OFF inputs, are mediated in part by NMDARs exhibiting @entity4319 -like pharmacology. Furthermore, suppressing release of NMDAR coagonist reduces NMDAR activation at ON synapses and increases the relative contribution of these putative @entity4319 -containing receptors. These results demonstrate direct evidence for evoked coagonist release onto NMDARs and indicate that modulating coagonist release may regulate the relative activation of different NMDAR subtypes in the ON pathway.

title: Coagonist release modulates XXXX receptor subtype contributions at synaptic inputs to @entity2479 cells.

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal ganglion']

answer: @entity143 :: (CHEBI:6121,Chemical) :: ['NMDA']


abstract: Previous functional imaging studies have pointed to the compensatory recruitment of cortical circuits in old age in order to counterbalance the @entity1274 and preserve cognitive performance. Recent electroencephalographic (EEG) analyses reported age-related deficits in the amplitude of an early @entity6841 ( @entity6841 (wm)) component as well as changes in working memory (WM)-load related @entity75 during the successful performance of the n-back task. To explore the age-related differences of EEG activation in the face of increasing WM demands, we assessed the @entity6841 (wm) component area, parietal alpha @entity7158 ( @entity7158 ) as well as frontal theta @entity7158 in 32 young and 32 elderly healthy individuals who successfully performed a highly WM demanding 3-back task. @entity6841 (wm) area increased with higher memory loads (3- and 2-back > 0-back tasks) in younger subjects. Older subjects reached the maximal values for this EEG parameter during the less WM demanding 0-back task. They showed a rapid development of an alpha @entity7158 that reached its maximal amplitude at around 800 ms after stimulus onset. In younger subjects, the late alpha @entity7158 occurred between 1,200 and 2,000 ms and its amplitude was significantly higher compared with elders. Frontal theta @entity7158 culmination peak decreased in a task-independent manner in older compared with younger cases. Only in younger individuals, there was a significant decrease in the phasic frontal theta @entity7158 amplitude in the 2- and 3-back tasks compared with the detection and 0-back tasks. These observations suggest that older adults display a rapid mobilization of their neural generators within the parietal cortex to manage very low demanding WM tasks. Moreover, they are less able to activate frontal theta generators during attentional tasks compared with younger @entity1 .

title: Age-related differences on event-related potentials and XXXX during working memory activation.

entities_list: @entity7158 :: ('MESH:D009378', 'Disease') :: ['ERS', 'event-related synchronization']

entities_list: @entity6841 :: ('MESH:C565820', 'Disease') :: ['positive-negative working memory', 'PN']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain oscillations']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['loss of neural efficiency']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['brain rhythm oscillations']


abstract: The most consistent biological findings in @entity1 with @entity308 are abnormalities in the @entity2339 , which can be measured using the combined @entity619 -suppression/CRH-stimulation (Dex-CRH) test. The reactivity of the @entity2339 in this test, however, ranges over several orders of magnitude in @entity308 @entity1 with comparable severity of symptoms. In this present study, we investigate which factors influence the magnitude of the response in the Dex-CRH test in 235 acutely @entity308 in- @entity1 . We first examined the effects of common confounders shown to influence the @entity2339 , such as @entity5834 and @entity1239 consumption, acute stressors during the test, weight, gender, and age. Of all these variables, only female sex and @entity1239 consumption were positively correlated with the @entity701 or ACTH response, respectively. As for the effects of psychopharmacological treatment, only the intake of @entity2049 and the fact of having relapsed under an established pharmacotherapy significantly increased the response in the Dex-CRH test, whereas the presence or absence of antidepressant treatment, the type of antidepressant treatment, or the number of ineffective antidepressant treatment trials during the index episode up to admission did not have any effect. We also found a positive correlation of the number of previous episodes, the overall HAM-D score and the severity of somatic/vegetative symptoms with the results in the Dex-CRH test. These results underline that in @entity308 @entity1 this test is not majorly influenced by disease-unrelated factors. In addition, current antidepressant treatment does not appear to affect test outcome in the absence of clinical response. The influence of the number of previous episodes and relapse under pharmacotherapy suggests that @entity2339 reactivity may be altered by repetitive states of hypercortisolemia or continuous antidepressant treatment. Finally, more severe vegetative symptoms are associated with an enhanced @entity2339 activity.

title: Pharmacological and nonpharmacological factors influencing hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis reactivity in acutely @entity308 psychiatric in- XXXX , measured by the Dex-CRH test.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity5834 :: ('MESH:D002110', 'Chemical') :: ['caffeine']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis', 'HPA-axis']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity5619 ( @entity5619 ) is @entity154 of the tracheobronchial bud derived from the primitive foregut which is predominantly found in the mediastinum. Surgery remains the most common treatment when @entity5 is suspected, or when there are presenting. Only infrequently, is @entity5619 located at an extrathoracic site. Although rarely located in the stomach, @entity5619 should be considered as a differential diagnosis of @entity356 . For these cases, surgery remains a common choice. Minimally invasive procedures such as endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle biopsy aspiration (EUS-FNA) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) should also be considered when the diagnosis of @entity5619 is suspected. They are valuable diagnostic methods that can assess and identify the location of the lesion, and facilitate histological examination of the cyst. In some cases of more superficial lesions ESD can take the place of surgery as it avoids unnecessary complications of a more invasive procedure. Here we present a case of gastric @entity5619 located in the fundus of the stomach that resembled a @entity674 ( @entity674 ). We discuss its embryology, pathogenesis, radiological, clinical and treatment modalities. We also provide a thorough review of 14 cases (including our own case), which completely meet pathological criteria has been undertaken focusing on symptom, location, treatment, and histological features.

title: Gastric bronchogenic cyst presenting as a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5619 :: ('MESH:D001994', 'Disease') :: ['Bronchogenic cyst', 'BC']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital abnormality']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumor', 'GIST']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric neoplasm']

answer: @entity674 :: (MESH:D046152,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUD: @entity5327 ( @entity5327 ) is an uncommon but catastrophic @entity455 with high rate of intestinal failure and mortality. The retrospective pilot study was performed to assess the effect of a multidisciplinary stepwise management strategy on survival and mesenteric recanalization in an integrated intestinal @entity64 center (ISC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A modern management strategy performed by multidisciplinary specialists in ISC was evaluated among 43 @entity5327 @entity1 that were classified into central vs peripheral type, operative vs nonoperative, early vs late treated group from March 2009 to April 2013. @entity1 received specific medical therapy, endovascular treatment, damage-control surgery, selective second-look laparotomy, critical care management, and clinical nutrition support in a stepwise way. The demographics, etiology, imaging characteristics, treatment procedures, complications, clinical outcome, and 1-year follow-up data were analyzed and compared. Confounding factors of mortality were identified by univariate and ROC-curve analysis. A single-center experience of over 5years for this modern strategy was also reported. RESULTS: The protocol of multidisciplinary stepwise management strategy was followed in all @entity5327 @entity1 successfully. The 30-day mortality and recanalization rate were 11.63% and 90.70%. Initial damage-control surgery was carried out in 46.51% @entity1 , with selective second-look laparotomy in 23.26% @entity1 . Endovascular thrombolysis was performed in 83.72% @entity1 initially or postoperatively. Bowel resection was necessary in 18 @entity1 with the length of 100.00 (47.50, 222.50) cm. The incidence of @entity5277 was 13.95%. The rate and length of bowel resection, @entity5277 rate were significantly lower in nonoperative and early-treated groups (P<0.05). During the follow-up survey, 1-year survival was 83.72%, with no additional death or re- @entity715 . CONCLUSION: A multidisciplinary stepwise management strategy involving modern surgical and endovascular treatments that focus on early mesenteric recanalization and bowel viability salvage in a specialized ISC could significantly improve the clinical outcome of @entity5327 @entity1 .

title: Multidisciplinary stepwise management strategy for acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis: an intestinal XXXX center experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal vascular emergency']

entities_list: @entity5277 :: ('MESH:D012778', 'Disease') :: ['short-bowel syndrome']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity5327 :: ('MESH:D065666', 'Disease') :: ['Acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis', 'ASMVT']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to better understand barriers and facilitators of @entity6 self-management education (DSME) among Arab American @entity1 with @entity6 . Little is known about the impact of Arab culture on DSME. METHODS: Arab American adults (N = 23) with medically managed @entity6 participated in 1 of 3 focus groups. An Arabic-speaking, trained moderator conducted video-recorded sessions. Verbatim Arabic transcripts were translated into English. Transcripts underwent a qualitative content analysis approach. RESULTS: Arab American cultural traditions such as food sharing, religious beliefs, and gender roles both facilitated and at times impeded DSME. @entity1 also held conflicting views about their interactions with their providers; some @entity1 praised the authoritative @entity1 -physician relationship style while others perceived the gaps in communication to be a product of Arab culture. @entity1 expressed that lack of available educational and supportive resources are key barriers to DSME. CONCLUSION: Arab American culture affects DSM activities, and culturally sensitive educational resources are lacking. Development of DSME programs tailored to address relevant aspects of Arab culture might improve DSME outcomes in Arab American population.

title: The Impact of Arab American Culture on XXXX Self-management Education.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: PURPOSE: This report presents an update to the @entity7593 ( @entity7593 ) @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) brachytherapy guidelines for locally advanced cervical @entity5 . METHODS: Members of the @entity7593 with expertise in cervical @entity5 formulated updated guidelines for @entity1168 brachytherapy using tandem and ring, ovoids, cylinder, or interstitial applicators for locally advanced cervical @entity5 . These guidelines were written based on medical evidence in the literature and input of clinical experts in gynecologic brachytherapy. RESULTS: The @entity7593 affirms the essential curative role of tandem-based brachytherapy in the management of locally advanced cervical @entity5 . Proper applicator selection, insertion, and imaging are fundamental aspects of the procedure. Three-dimensional imaging with magnetic resonance or computed tomography or radiographic imaging may be used for treatment planning. Dosimetry must be performed after each insertion before treatment delivery. Applicator placement, dose specification, and dose fractionation must be documented, quality assurance measures must be performed, and followup information must be obtained. A variety of dose/fractionation schedules and methods for integrating brachytherapy with external-beam radiation exist. The recommended @entity5 dose in 2-Gray (Gy) per fraction radiobiologic equivalence (normalized therapy dose) is 80-90Gy, depending on @entity5 size at the time of brachytherapy. Dose limits for normal tissues are discussed. CONCLUSION: These guidelines update those of 2000 and provide a comprehensive description of @entity5 brachytherapy in 2011.

title: XXXX consensus guidelines for locally advanced carcinoma of the cervix. Part II: @entity1168 brachytherapy.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'HDR cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['HDR', 'high-dose-rate']

entities_list: @entity7593 :: ('MESH:D006478', 'Disease') :: ['ABS', 'American Brachytherapy Society']

answer: @entity7593 :: (MESH:D006478,Disease) :: ['American Brachytherapy Society']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity1 with @entity12040 , circulating lymphocytes are activated, and histological findings indicate that cell-mediated immunity plays an important role in the pathogenetic sequence leading to @entity455 . METHODS AND RESULTS: To delineate the profile of inflammatory and chemoattractant cytokines involved in T-cell activation in @entity12040 , we measured by ELISA serum levels of @entity650 , @entity1356 , and @entity5737 in 18 @entity1 . Subsequently, we wanted to establish whether any of these molecules could be used as a marker to monitor the clinical course of the disease and to predict disease exacerbations. We found that all @entity1 with @entity12040 studied during an active phase of the disease have increased serum concentration of @entity650 compared with healthy control subjects (P<0.01). Enhanced @entity650 serum levels paralleled disease activity to the extent that its serum concentrations were comparable to those of control subjects when @entity1 were studied in remission. @entity5737 concentrations were also higher than normal in the serum of all @entity1 with @entity12040 (P<0.01) studied during an active phase of the disease. @entity5737 serum levels tended to normalize in remission, but values remained higher than those of control subjects (P<0.05). In contrast, serum concentrations of @entity1356 were below the detection limit of ELISA in both healthy subjects and all @entity1 with @entity12040 . A positive correlation was found between either @entity650 (rho=0.705, P<0.01) or @entity5737 (rho=0.607, P<0.05) serum level and disease activity. CONCLUSIONS: The close correlation of serum @entity650 and @entity5737 levels with disease activity suggests that these cytokines contribute to @entity75 in @entity12040 and raises the possibility that their monitoring in serum helps clinicians find adequate treatment adjustments in individual @entity1 .

title: @entity650 and @entity5737 in XXXX : a guide for therapeutic decisions?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitic lesions']

entities_list: @entity12040 :: ('MESH:D013625', 'Disease') :: ['Takayasu arteritis']

answer: @entity12040 :: (MESH:D013625,Disease) :: ['Takayasu arteritis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Ambulatory EEGs in @entity1 are frequently ordered as sleep studies. However, the yield according to different clinical situations has received little attention to date. The authors aimed to quantify the added value in terms of detection of epileptiform features of an EEG containing sleep, as compared with only wakefulness, according to the referral diagnoses. METHODS: The authors retrospectively selected consecutive outpatients' EEG recordings of @entity1 between 6 months to 16 years old, performed between January 2014 and February 2015. The authors excluded those lacking at least 10 minutes of waking and/or at least 5 minutes of behavioral sleep. @entity302 ( @entity302 ) in wakefulness and sleep was compared among referral suspected diagnoses. @entity25 was considered if at least one of the following was observed: appearance of @entity302 or increase by >50%; @entity302 change in localization or morphology, @entity410 occurrence. RESULTS: A total of 425 recordings (mean age 6.9    4.7 years) were analyzed. Of them, 194 (45.6%) presented an additional yield during sleep, which was dependent on the occurrence of @entity302 during wakefulness: 77/251 (30.7%) in those without versus 117/174 (67.2%) in those with wakefulness @entity302 (P < 0.001,   ). The yield was markedly lower in studies performed for nonepileptic referral diagnoses (7% vs. 43% to 100%; P < 0.001, Fisher). CONCLUSIONS: When wakefulness EEG lacks epileptiform features, the yield of sleep EEG in our pediatric population appeared modest, especially in @entity1 without a suspected @entity302 . This information may be used to optimize the request of sleep EEG in @entity1 .

title: Yield of Outpatient Sleep EEG for Epileptiform Alterations' Detection in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic syndrome', 'interictal epileptiform activity', 'Interictal epileptiform activity', 'IEA']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['Additional yield of sleep']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: Background. Metabolism in the @entity5 microenvironment can play a critical role in tumorigenesis and @entity5 aggression. Metabolic coupling may occur between @entity5 compartments; this phenomenon can be prognostically significant and may be conserved across @entity5 types. Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) play an integral role in cellular metabolism via @entity880 transport and have been implicated in metabolic synergy in @entity5 . The transporters @entity3195 and @entity3342 are regulated via expression of their chaperone, @entity8206 . Methods. We conducted a meta-analysis of existing publications on the relationship between @entity3195 , @entity3342 , and @entity8206 expression and overall survival and disease-free survival in @entity5 , using hazard ratios derived via multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results. Increased @entity3342 expressions in the @entity5 microenvironment, @entity5 cells, or stromal cells were all associated with decreased overall survival and decreased disease-free survival (p < 0.001 for all analyses). Increased @entity8206 expression in @entity5 cells was associated with decreased overall survival and disease-free survival (p < 0.0001 for both analyses). Few studies were available on @entity3195 expression; @entity3195 expression was not clearly associated with overall or disease-free survival. Conclusion. @entity3342 and @entity8206 expression correlate with worse prognosis across many @entity5 types. These results warrant further investigation of these associations.

title: Prognostic Indications of Elevated @entity3342 and XXXX across Cancer Types: A Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity8206 :: (682,Gene) :: ['CD147']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report two different cases of sterile, @entity1897 following laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). METHODS: A report of two cases (two eyes of two @entity1 ). RESULTS: In two @entity1 , peripheral infiltrates appeared 1 day after LASIK. One @entity1 had a history of @entity309 and both had peripheral corneal changes that may have represented prior inflammatory events. The presentations were quite different, with one occurring in association with an epithelial defect at the edge of the flap and the other occurring without an epithelial defect peripheral to the microkeratome cut. In the second case a similar infiltrate showed up in the unoperated fellow eye. Both @entity1 were treated with aggressive antibiotic and corticosteroid therapy. Both @entity1 recovered well with no loss of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity. CONCLUSION: @entity1897 can occur in @entity1 following LASIK; preoperative evidence of previous @entity32 may be a marker for @entity1 at higher risk. @entity309 @entity1 may be at increased risk for this complication. With careful and aggressive management excellent visual outcomes are still possible.

title: XXXX following laser in situ keratomileusis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['Peripheral keratitis', 'peripheral keratitis']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'Rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity1897 :: (MESH:D010523,Disease) :: ['Peripheral keratitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Causes of @entity73 in @entity63 ( @entity63 ) are less well understood than in @entity195 , but have been thought to result from direct effects of subcortical lacunes and @entity62 , perhaps related to disruption of important cortical-subcortical pathways. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation between cognitive abilities and quantitative MRI measures of subcortical @entity66 and cortical and hippocampal @entity194 . METHODS: Subjects were 157 @entity1 in a multicenter study of @entity63 and @entity195 who included cognitively normal, @entity73 , and demented individuals with and without subcortical @entity1188 . Dependent variables were neuropsychological tests of global cognitive function, memory, language, and executive function. Independent variables were quantitative MRI measures of volume of @entity1188 in specific subcortical structures, volume of @entity62 ( @entity62 ), volume of cortical gray matter (cGM), and total hippocampal volume (HV). Multiple regression analyses were used to identify MRI predictors of cognition. RESULTS: Subcortical lacunes were not related to cognitive measures independent of effects of other MRI variables. @entity62 was independently related to selected, timed measures. HV and cGM were strong and independent predictors of cognitive variables, with effects that did not differ in subjects with and without subcortical lacunes. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that @entity73 associated with @entity63 is primarily a result of associated hippocampal and cortical changes.

title: MRI predictors of cognition in @entity63 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['SIVD', 'subcortical ischemic vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitively impaired']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['lacunar infarcts']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter lesions', 'white matter lesion', 'WML']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The National @entity5 Data Base (NCDB) has reported on many @entity5 occurring in @entity1 and @entity1 in the U. S. from >1400 contributing hospitals. The current report on @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) is a companion to an upcoming @entity1 Care Evaluation study of this relatively common and serious @entity5 . METHODS: This report is comprised of all @entity1893 cases submitted to the NCDB divided into two diagnostic-year groups: 1985-1988 and 1990-1993. Variables routinely collected by hospital @entity5 registries have been analyzed to report on patterns of diagnosis and treatment. RESULTS: High grade @entity1893 cases were more likely to be Stage IV (40.8%) than were low or intermediate grade cases (34.8% and 32.5%, respectively). @entity1 with @entity1893 arising from lymph node sites tended to present with more @entity1442 (55.8% with Stages III and @entity66 ), whereas @entity1 with @entity1893 arising from extranodal sites and non-lymph node nodal sites presented at an earlier stage (64.7% and 74.0%, respectively, with Stage I or @entity34 ). Approximately 67% of all @entity1 underwent chemotherapy, whereas only 25% underwent surgery or radiation. By histology, 5-year survival was 68.8% for low grade disease, 51.9% for intermediate grade disease, and 45.8% for high grade disease; by stage, survival rates ranged from 73.5% for Stage I to 42.9% for Stage @entity66 . CONCLUSIONS: To the authors' knowledge, the 91,306 cases in this study represent the largest contemporary sample of @entity1893 @entity1 . The material reported here may serve as a reference with which to compare local patterns with national data. The Working Formulation's ability to stratify @entity1 ' survival rates confirms its utility for @entity1893 . Stage according to the American Joint Committee on @entity5 also was accurate in predicting survival.

title: The National @entity5 Data Base report on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['IV disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['Stage II disease']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: Forty-one percent of shift workers report dozing while driving. This study tested whether @entity2728 improves driving simulator performance in subjects with @entity1442 ( @entity1442 ). A primary outcome was performance late in the shift when workers are typically driving home. DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, crossover. During each 12-h test session (21:30-09:30), subjects were kept awake except for multiple sleep latency testing (MSLT: 01:30, 03:30, 05:30, and 07:30). @entity25 (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, KSS), driving performance, and cognitive performance (digit symbol substitution test and creativity on the Remote Associates Test, @entity35 ) were evaluated during the night shift and commute home times. SETTING: Hospital-based sleep research laboratory. @entity1 : Twenty night workers (age: 42.7    8.7 y, 17 F) with excessive @entity25 (>=  10 on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale), meeting International Classification of @entity25 , Second Edition (ICSD-2) criteria for @entity1442 , and having no other medical conditions. INTERVENTIONS: @entity2728 (150 mg) or placebo at (23:45 h) on counterbalanced nights separated by 7-14 days. MEASUREMENT AND RESULTS: Primary endpoints were driving simulator performance (standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP) and off-road deviations) with four sessions starting 3.25 h after drug administration, @entity25 (MSLT; 1.75 to 7.75 h post-drug), and creativity (5 h post-drug). Significant effects of drug were observed for each driving measure (P < 0.05). @entity2728 significantly improved SDLP for simulator sessions at 05:30, 07:30, and 09:30, and off-road deviations at 7 h, 15 min and 9 h, 15 min post-drug (P < 0.05). @entity2728 also improved @entity25 from 3.7    0.6 min to 9.7    5.2 min (P < 0.001) and @entity35 score from 8.75    4.9 to 11.25    6.0 (P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2728 150 mg early in the night shift improves driving simulator performance in @entity1442 . Effects on @entity25 , cognition, and driving were found up to 9.5 h post-ingestion, during the critical time when many night workers are driving home.

title: Effects of @entity2728 on simulated driving and alertness in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['shift work disorder', 'SWD']

entities_list: @entity2728 :: ('MESH:C048833', 'Chemical') :: ['armodafinil', 'Armodafinil']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleepiness', 'Subjective sleepiness', 'objective sleepiness', 'Sleep Disorders']

answer: @entity1442 :: (MESH:D020178,Disease) :: ['shift work disorder']


abstract: PURPOSE: The inguinovaginal sling procedure is well accepted for surgical treatment of female stress urinary @entity322 . Although the functional results are excellent, the operative @entity130 is higher compared to that of more recently used minimally invasive techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A modified inguinovaginal sling procedure was performed in 15 @entity1 with urodynamically diagnosed @entity1690 . With the assistance of a laparoscope, two fascial strips were dissected using two small suprapubic skin incisions. The pullthrough maneuver of the fascial slings was facilitated by opening the perivesical space with an inflatable balloon. RESULTS: There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. Mean follow-up of 7.7 months (range 4 to 11) was available in all @entity1 . @entity3142 was cured in 14 @entity1 ; only one @entity1 reported using one pad per day. All @entity1 were able to void spontaneously after a mean of 8 days (range 6 to 10). CONCLUSIONS: The laparoscopically assisted inguinovaginal sling procedure is less invasive than the original technique. Good long-term results are known from the original inguinovaginal sling procedure, and there is no need for allografts or synthetic material.

title: Inguinovaginal sling procedure for female stress XXXX : introduction of a minimally invasive technique.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1690 :: ('MESH:D046628', 'Disease') :: ['intrinsic sphincter deficiency']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity3142 :: ('MESH:D014550', 'Disease') :: ['Stress incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['incontinence']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1206 plus @entity900 is a commonly used doublet for the treatment of advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of oral @entity1206 as maintenance therapy in advanced @entity1149 . METHODS: This multicenter phase II open-label, non-comparative study was designed to evaluate the three-weekly combination of @entity900 80 mg/m(2) on day 1 in combination with oral @entity1206 on day 1 and 8 in advanced @entity1149 . RESULTS: Thirty-nine @entity1 were enrolled; median age was 63 years (range 42-82). In the response-evaluable population (n = 38), objective response after induction therapy was observed in 18 (47 %) @entity1 with two (5 %) @entity1 achieving complete response. Stable disease was observed in nine (24 %) @entity1 . The median duration of response was 6 months. Eighteen (46 %) @entity1 received oral @entity1206 as maintenance therapy. The median PFS for the whole population and for the maintenance therapy group was 4.9 [95 % CI (2.8-6.9)] and 6.7 [95 % CI (3.7-9.7)] months, respectively, while the overall survival was 8.7 [95 % CI (5.4-11.9)] and 11 [95 % CI (8.3-13.7)] months, respectively. The main observed overall hematologic toxicities were grade 3 @entity417 (8 %) and grade 3/4 @entity1398 (8 %). CONCLUSION: Maintenance therapy with single-agent oral @entity1206 is feasible and well tolerated; it seems to extend the efficacy of the combination regimen with the advantage of being convenient to @entity1 .

title: Oral @entity1206 plus @entity900 followed by maintenance oral @entity1206 as first-line treatment for advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['Vinorelbine', 'vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: The continuous use of @entity5627 can result in the development of drug resistance. @entity5638 -resistant clinical isolates, spontaneous and induced mutants of @entity54 have been documented. The azoles block the @entity12364 biosynthesis pathway by inhibiting the enzyme 14-alpha-demethylase, product of the CYP51. Fungal @entity5638 resistance involves both @entity535 changes in the target site that alter drug-target interactions and those that decrease net @entity5638 accumulation. The reduced intracellular accumulation has also been correlated with overexpression of multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux transporter genes of the @entity855 -binding cassette (ABC) and the @entity3173 ( @entity3173 ) classes. About 20 genes are involved in the A. fumigatus @entity12364 biosynthesis pathway. There are several duplicated genes in this pathway. Interestingly, erg3 and erg11 showed two copies in A. fumigatus. In general, @entity54 spp. have proportionally more @entity3173 transporter encoding genes than @entity375 , @entity6739 , and @entity1980 . The drug H+ (12 and 14 spanners) sub-families are also proportionally greater than in the other species. Although the numbers of ABC transporter encoding genes are comparable, again the @entity54 spp. have more ABC transporters related to multidrug permease than the other fungal species.

title: The XXXX biosynthesis pathway, transporter genes, and @entity5638 resistance in @entity54 .

entities_list: @entity12364 :: ('MESH:D004875', 'Chemical') :: ['ergosterol']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity3173 :: ('MESH:D004830', 'Disease') :: ['major facilitator superfamily', 'MFS']

entities_list: @entity1980 :: ('5141', 'Species') :: ['Neurospora crassa']

entities_list: @entity54 :: ('746128', 'Species') :: ['Aspergillus fumigatus', 'Aspergillus']

entities_list: @entity5627 :: ('MESH:D014230', 'Chemical') :: ['triazoles']

entities_list: @entity5638 :: ('CHEBI:68452', 'Chemical') :: ['azole', 'Azole']

answer: @entity12364 :: (MESH:D004875,Chemical) :: ['ergosterol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the in-vitro effects of several non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs and the glucocorticoid @entity619 on the IL-1 altered expression and activity of @entity29626 , @entity31033 and @entity55618 by @entity291 articular chondrocytes. DESIGN: @entity291 chondrocytes were cultured in alginate gel beads. Cells were treated with @entity28283 in the presence of vehicle or drugs at various concentrations. After 48 h mRNA expression of @entity29626 , @entity31033 , and of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases ( @entity55618 ) was analysed by RT-PCR-ELISA. The protein synthesis of @entity55618 and @entity31033 was determined by immunoprecipitation. The activity of enzymes and inhibitors was measured by functional assays. RESULTS: IL-1 increased the expression and activity of MMPs. In contrast, TIMP activity remained unchanged although @entity55618 expression was down-regulated. All tested NSAIDs and @entity619 inhibited collagenase activity induced by IL-1. Transcript levels of @entity29626 , however, were only reduced by @entity3352 , @entity9213 , @entity1623 and @entity619 . Proteoglycanase activity was only reduced by @entity3352 , @entity9213 and @entity619 . These effects were pre-translational as confirmed by immunoprecipitation. The IL-1 decreased expression of @entity55618 was further reduced by @entity619 , which resulted in a significant loss of TIMP activity. No effects on TIMP activity or @entity55618 biosynthesis were observed after treatment of chondrocytes with NSAIDs. CONCLUSION: Our studies clearly demonstrate that marked differences exist between individual NSAIDs with respect to their ability to modulate the imbalance between proteases and inhibitors during OA and RA, suggesting that the respective modes of action are independent of the inhibition of cyclooxygenases. Due to their co-regulation of MMPs and TIMP(s) glucocorticoids should be carefully studied for their overall effect on ECM proteolysis.

title: Effects of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs and XXXX on the activity and expression of @entity29626 by @entity291 articular chondrocytes.

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity9213 :: ('MESH:C065757', 'Chemical') :: ['meloxicam']

entities_list: @entity1623 :: ('MESH:D009288', 'Chemical') :: ['naproxen']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['dexamethasone']


abstract: @entity1238 embryos at the blastula-early tail bud stage were exposed to @entity1063 or @entity11879 dissolved in culture saline until they reached the larval stage. The left-right asymmetry of the heart and gut was then examined. We found that these adrenergic neurotransmitters induced situs inversus in the heart and/or gut in up to 35% of tested neurula embryos. @entity1063 -induced situs inversus was blocked by the alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist @entity3159 . Furthermore, @entity3365 , a @entity460 ionophore, also increased the incidence of situs inversus up to 54% when late-neurula embryos were exposed to the solution. @entity3365 treatment initiated before neural groove formation was less effective. The incidence of situs inversus induced by these reagents decreased towards the control level (2.2%, 25 untreated embryos out of 1127 embryos in total) in embryos past the stage of neural tube closure. In the present experiments we obtained 22 gut-only situs inversus embryos having an inverted gut and a normal heart. In contrast, such embryos were not observed among the 1127 untreated embryos. An adrenergic signal mediated by an increase in intracellular free @entity460 may be involved in the asymmetrical visceral morphogenesis of @entity1238 embryos.

title: Adrenergic neurotransmitters and @entity460 ionophore-induced situs inversus viscerum in XXXX embryos.

entities_list: @entity1238 :: ('8355', 'Species') :: ['Xenopus laevis', 'Xenopus']

entities_list: @entity11879 :: ('MESH:D009655', 'Chemical') :: ['octopamine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity3159 :: ('MESH:D011224', 'Chemical') :: ['prazosin']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['Norepinephrine', 'norepinephrine']

answer: @entity1238 :: (8355,Species) :: ['Xenopus laevis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The most common historical treatment method for @entity19312 is extensive soft-tissue release surgery. A minimally invasive treatment approach that relies primarily on serial cast correction was introduced almost ten years ago, with promising early results. The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term outcome of @entity1 with @entity19312 managed with the minimally invasive technique and compare them with a cohort treated with extensive soft-tissue release surgery. METHODS: The records of twenty-seven consecutive @entity1 with @entity19312 (forty-two feet) were retrospectively reviewed at a mean of seven years (range, five to 11.3 years) after initial correction was achieved. The minimally invasive method was used to treat sixteen @entity1 (twenty-four feet), and extensive soft-tissue release surgery was used to treat eleven @entity1 (eighteen feet). @entity1 demographics, ankle range of motion, the PODCI (Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument) questionnaire, and radiographic measurements were analyzed. RESULTS: At the latest follow-up, the mean range of motion of @entity1 treated with the minimally invasive method was 42.4   compared with 12.7   for @entity1 treated with extensive surgery (p < 0.0001). The PODCI normative @entity158 and global function scores were superior in the minimally invasive treatment group compared with the extensive soft-tissue release group. Greater correction of hindfoot valgus (anteroposterior talar axis-first metatarsal base angle) was achieved in the minimally invasive treatment group compared with the extensive surgery group (40.1   versus 27.9  , p = 0.03), although all other radiographic values were similar between the two groups (p > 0.1 for all). Subgroup analysis of @entity1 with isolated @entity19312 also showed superior range of motion and PODCI normative global function scores in the minimally invasive group. CONCLUSIONS: The minimally invasive treatment method for @entity19312 resulted in better long-term ankle range of motion and @entity158 scores compared with extensive soft-tissue release surgery. Longer-term studies are necessary to determine whether the improved outcomes are maintained into adulthood and whether the superior outcome is related to reduced @entity2318 .

title: Treatment of XXXX : Comparison of Minimally Invasive and Extensive Soft-Tissue Release Procedures at Minimum Five-Year Follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity19312 :: ('MESH:C536345', 'Disease') :: ['vertical talus', 'congenital vertical talus']

answer: @entity19312 :: (MESH:C536345,Disease) :: ['Congenital Vertical Talus']


abstract: PURPOSE: Social cognition captures affect recognition, social cue perception, "theory of mind," empathy, and attributional style. The aim of our study was to assess social cognition in @entity161 inpatients being treated with first-generation antipsychotic drugs (FGAs), n=28 ( @entity21886 and @entity1767 , FGAs) or with second-generation antipsychotic drugs (SGAs), n=56 ( @entity1037 and @entity1088 , SGAs). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Eighty-four @entity1 completed the Facial Expression Recognition Test, the Voice Emotion Recognition Test, the Short Recognition Memory Test for Faces, and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test. @entity1 also completed the Visual Object and Space Perception Test (VOSP) as a control task, which would not engage social cognition. The @entity1 were compared with fifty healthy controls matched for age and gender. RESULTS: There were no significant differences on social cognitive performance between the @entity22802 - and SGA-treatment groups. Nor was @entity1037 superior to @entity1088 , FGAs or both. However, @entity1 treated with FGAs performed significantly worse on VOSP compared to both groups treated with SGAs, a 10% difference. CONCLUSIONS: We cannot conclude that SGAs were associated with better social cognition than FGAs. However, there were small but significant advantages for SGAs in non-social visual processing function, as evaluated with the VOSP.

title: Social cognition and visual perception in XXXX inpatients treated with first-and second-generation antipsychotic drugs.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1088 :: ('MESH:D003024', 'Chemical') :: ['clozapine']

entities_list: @entity21886 :: ('MESH:D010546', 'Chemical') :: ['perphenazine']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['olanzapine']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effect of @entity1388 gels, supplemented or not with @entity46192 (HMP), on enamel erosive wear in situ. METHODS: Twelve healthy volunteers wore palatal appliances containing four @entity291 enamel discs. Subjects were randomly allocated into four experimental phases (double-blind, crossover protocol) according to the gels: Placebo (no @entity1388 or HMP), 1% @entity7034 , 2% @entity7034 , and 1% @entity7034 +9% HMP. Enamel discs were selected after polishing and surface hardness analysis, and treated only once with the respective gels prior to each experimental phase. Erosion (ERO) was performed by extra-oral immersion of the appliance in 0.05M @entity1792 , pH 3.2 (four times/day, five minutes each, 5 days). @entity12893 (ERO+ABR) was produced on only two discs by toothbrushing with fluoridated dentifrice after ERO (four times/day, 30s, 5 days). The specimens were submitted to profilometry and hardness analysis. The results were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and the Student-Newman-Keuls test (p<0.05). RESULTS: The 1% @entity7034 +9% HMP gel promoted significantly lower enamel wear for ERO compared to the other groups, being statistically lower than 1% @entity7034 and Placebo for ERO+ABR. Similarly, the lowest values of integrated lesion area were found for 1% @entity7034 +9% HMP and 2% @entity7034 , respectively, for ERO and ERO+ABR. CONCLUSION: The addition of HMP to the 1% @entity7034 gel promoted greater protective effect against ERO and ERO+ABR compared to the 1% @entity7034 gel, achieving similar protective levels to those seen for the 2% @entity7034 gel. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Gel containing 1% @entity7034 +9% HMP showed a high anti-erosive potential, being a safer alternative when compared to a conventional 2% @entity7034 gel.

title: @entity1388 gel supplemented with XXXX reduces enamel erosive wear in situ.

entities_list: @entity12893 :: ('MESH:D014072', 'Disease') :: ['Additional abrasion']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

entities_list: @entity1792 :: ('MESH:D019343', 'Chemical') :: ['citric acid']

entities_list: @entity46192 :: ('MESH:C009285', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium hexametaphosphate']

answer: @entity46192 :: (MESH:C009285,Chemical) :: ['sodium hexametaphosphate']


abstract: Case Description-A 16-year-old 6.8-kg (15-lb) castrated male domestic shorthair cat was evaluated because of a 3 * 6-cm mass in the right medial lobe of the liver. Clinical Findings-The cat had a history of frequent @entity391 and @entity448 along with 10% weight loss over the past year. Treatment and @entity1416 was selected because surgery (standard first-line treatment) was declined and only 1 vessel feeding the @entity5 was apparent on contrast-enhanced CT. A 4F sheath was placed in the left carotid artery, and a 3.3F guide catheter was advanced into the celiac artery. A 0.014-inch guidewire and 1.7F microcatheter were inserted into the hepatic artery through the guiding catheter and advanced into the feeding vessel. A mixture of @entity4832 particles and contrast agent was injected for embolization. A hypoechoic area in the @entity5 was identified on ultrasonography on posttreatment day 6, and @entity39 and degenerated cells in the area were identified cytologically. By posttreatment day 71, @entity391 had resolved and CT revealed @entity5 size, but altered attenuation suggested a more solid mass on day 205. No feeding vessel for embolization was found on contrast-enhanced CT, so ultrasonic emulsification to remove the @entity5 was performed on day 231. No recurrence was seen on contrast-enhanced CT on day 420 or day 721. Clinical Relevance-Findings suggested that transcatheter @entity1416 may be suitable for treating @entity99 in @entity468 , but alternative approaches are needed in @entity468 , compared with @entity235 , owing to anatomic differences.

title: Transcatheter XXXX for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in a cat.

entities_list: @entity4832 :: ('MESH:D011142', 'Chemical') :: ['polyvinyl alcohol']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'decreased tumor']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity1416 :: ('MESH:D020762', 'Disease') :: ['arterial embolization', 'Outcome-Transcatheter arterial embolization']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic tumors']

answer: @entity1416 :: (MESH:D020762,Disease) :: ['arterial embolization']


abstract: @entity1 noroviruses (NoV) are the leading cause of @entity697 worldwide. Epidemiological studies of outbreaks have suggested that @entity391 facilitates transmission of @entity1 NoV, but there have been no laboratory-based studies characterizing the degree of NoV release during a @entity391 event. The purpose of this work was to demonstrate that virus aerosolization occurs in a simulated @entity391 event, and to estimate the amount of virus that is released in those aerosols. A simulated @entity391 device was constructed at one-quarter scale of the @entity1 body following similitude principles. Simulated vomitus matrices at low (6.24 mPa*s) and high (177.5 mPa*s) viscosities were inoculated with low (108 PFU/mL) and high (1010 PFU/mL) concentrations of bacteriophage @entity23493 and placed in the artificial "stomach" of the device, which was then subjected to scaled physiologically relevant pressures associated with @entity391 . Bio aerosols were captured using an SKC Biosampler. In @entity258 , there were notable differences between recovered aerosolized @entity23493 as a function of pressure (i.e., greater aerosolization with increased pressure), although this was not always statistically significant. This relationship disappeared when using high viscosity simulated vomitus. The amount of @entity23493 aerosolized as a @entity778 " ranged from 7.2 x 10-5 to 2.67 x 10-2 (which corresponded to a range of 36 to 13,350 PFU total). To our knowledge, this is the first study to document and measure aerosolization of a NoV surrogate in a similitude-based physical model. This has implications for better understanding the transmission dynamics of @entity1 NoV and for risk modeling purposes, both of which can help in designing effective infection control measures.

title: Aerosolization of a @entity1 Norovirus Surrogate, Bacteriophage XXXX , during Simulated Vomiting.

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['percent of total virus "vomited']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low viscosity artificial vomitus']

answer: @entity23493 :: (100271694,Gene) :: ['MS2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity548 ( @entity548 )-induced @entity11924 involves disruption of endothelial cell adherens junctions leading to increase in paracellular permeability. b-Catenin, an integral component of the adherens junctional complex and Wnt pathway, and @entity4124 via its apoptotic signaling regulate endothelial cell barrier integrity. We have hypothesized that inhibiting phosphorylation of b-catenin and @entity4124 activity using glycogen synthase kinase 3-specific inhibitor @entity25650 would attenuate @entity11924 following @entity548 . METHODS: In @entity35 , @entity548 was induced by withdrawing blood to reduce mean arterial pressure to 40 mm Hg for 60 minutes followed by resuscitation. @entity35 were given @entity25650 (600  g/kg) intravenously 10 minutes before shock. To study microvascular permeability, the @entity35 were intravenously injected with @entity2822 ( @entity2823 )-albumin (50 mg/kg), and its flux across the mesenteric postcapillary venules was determined using intravital microscopy. In cell culture studies, @entity35 lung microvascular endothelial cell monolayers grown on Transwell plates were pretreated with @entity25650 (5  M) followed by BAK (5  g/mL) and @entity4124 (5  g/mL) protein transfection. @entity2823 -albumin (5 mg/mL) flux across cell monolayers indicates change in monolayer permeability. Activity of canonical Wnt pathway was determined by luciferase assay. @entity4124 enzyme activity was assayed fluorometrically. RESULTS: The @entity548 group showed significant increase in @entity2823 -albumin extravasation (p < 0.05) compared with sham. @entity25650 significantly decrease @entity548 -induced @entity2823 -albumin extravasation (p < 0.05). Pretreatment with @entity25650 protected against a BAK-induced increase in @entity35 lung microvascular endothelial cell monolayer permeability and @entity4124 activity but failed to show similar results with a @entity4124 -induced increase in monolayer permeability. @entity6035 treatment showed an increase in b-catenin-dependent T-cell factor-mediated transcription. CONCLUSION: Inhibiting phosphorylation of b-catenin and @entity4124 activity using glycogen synthase kinase 3-specific inhibitor @entity25650 help regulates @entity548 -induced @entity11924 .

title: Glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitor protects against @entity11924 following XXXX .

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Hemorrhagic shock', 'HS']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats', 'Rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity2822 :: ('CHEBI:37926', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein isothiocyanate']

entities_list: @entity11924 :: ('MESH:D017566', 'Disease') :: ['microvascular hyperpermeability']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhagic shock']


abstract: The incidence of @entity5 among 4480 shipyard workers, including 861 welders, was investigated for a potential relationship between exposure to welding fumes and @entity2 . A subcohort of 3150 workers with information on previous work history was studied separately. This investigation is a historical prospective cohort study. Environmental air samples were collected in 1973, 1977, and 1989. Information on smoking habits was surveyed in 1976 and 1984. The employment work histories were collected from the personnel register. There were 411 observed cancers of all sites versus 387.5 expected, and 45 cases of @entity2 versus 51.3 expected. Nine cases of @entity2 were found among the welders versus 7.1 expected. Among 310 former seamen with welding experience, there was 1 case of @entity2 versus 2.1 expected. These shipyard workers showed no excess risk of @entity2 . @entity286 smoking and asbestos exposure are potential confounders in the study. There was no clear relationship between exposure to welding fumes and @entity2 , but welders with the longest experience had a relative risk of 1.9 for @entity2 . The differences in @entity2 incidence among the different shipyard workers could not be attributed to differences in recruitment patterns or previous work history.

title: Incidence of XXXX among welders and other shipyard workers with information on previous work history.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Intergroup Study 0114 was designed to study the effect of various chemotherapy regimens delivered after potentially curative surgical resection of T3, T4, and/or node-positive @entity5 . A subset analysis was undertaken to investigate the prevalence and influence of salvage therapy among @entity1 with recurrent disease. @entity1 AND METHODS: Adjuvant therapy consisted of two cycles of @entity1487 (FU)-based chemotherapy followed by pelvic irradiation with chemotherapy and two more cycles of chemotherapy after radiation therapy. A total of 1,792 @entity1 were entered onto the study and 1,696 were assessable. After a median of 8.9 years of follow-up, 715 @entity1 (42%) had disease recurrence, and an additional 10% died without evidence of disease. Five hundred @entity1 with follow-up information available had a single organ or single site of first recurrence (73.5% of all recurrences). RESULTS: A total of 171 @entity1 (34% of those with a single organ or single site of recurrence) had a potentially curative resection of the metastatic or locally recurrent disease. Single-site first recurrences in the liver, lung, or pelvis occurred in 448 @entity1 (90% of the single-site recurrences), with 159 (35%) of these undergoing surgical resection for attempted cure. Overall survival differed significantly between the resected and nonresected groups (P <.0001), with overall 5-year probabilities of.27 and.06, respectively. Controlling for worst performance status at the time of recurrence does not alter this relationship. @entity1 who underwent salvage surgery had significantly increased survival (P <.001) for each site. CONCLUSION: Attempted surgical salvage of @entity5 recurrence is performed commonly in the United States. The chance of a long-term cure with such intervention is approximately 27%.

title: Analysis of surgical salvage after failure of primary therapy in XXXX : results from Intergroup Study 0114.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: @entity143 receptors (NMDARs) are tetrameric protein complexes usually comprising two @entity4474 and two NR2 subunits. Different combinations of four potential NR2 subunits (NR2A-D) confer diversity in developmental expression, subsynaptic localization, and functional characteristics, including affinity for neurotransmitter. @entity4319 -containing NMDARs, for example, exhibit relatively high affinity both for @entity2227 and the coagonist @entity2228 . Although multiple NMDAR subtypes can colocalize at individual synapses, particular subtypes often mediate inputs from distinct functional pathways. In @entity2479 cells (RGCs), NMDARs contribute to synaptic responses elicited by light stimulus onset ("ON") and offset ("OFF"), but roles for particular NMDAR subtypes, and potential segregation between the ON and OFF pathways, have not been explored. Moreover, elements in the retinal circuitry release two different NMDAR coagonists, @entity2228 and @entity7343 , but the effects of endogenous coagonist release on the relative contribution of different NMDAR subtypes are unclear. Here, we show that coagonist release within the retina modulates the relative contribution of different NMDARs in the ON pathway of the @entity35 retina. By pharmacologically stimulating functional pathways independently in acute slices and recording synaptic responses in RGCs, we show that ON inputs, but not OFF inputs, are mediated in part by NMDARs exhibiting @entity4319 -like pharmacology. Furthermore, suppressing release of NMDAR coagonist reduces NMDAR activation at ON synapses and increases the relative contribution of these putative @entity4319 -containing receptors. These results demonstrate direct evidence for evoked coagonist release onto NMDARs and indicate that modulating coagonist release may regulate the relative activation of different NMDAR subtypes in the ON pathway.

title: Coagonist release modulates @entity143 receptor subtype contributions at synaptic inputs to XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal ganglion']

answer: @entity2479 :: (MESH:D012173,Disease) :: ['retinal ganglion']


abstract: @entity3243 is one cause of @entity459 , a condition in which there is @entity2741 and dysregulated hypersecretion of @entity461 . In normal, and in some @entity5 parathyroid cells, @entity461 secretion is mediated by the cell surface @entity460 -sensing receptor. We describe the first therapeutic use of a novel molecule, a calcimimetic, that has agonist action at the @entity460 -sensing receptor. A 78-yr-old @entity1 with @entity3243 was admitted with @entity2741 , markedly elevated @entity461 , and a change in mental status. He was treated for 17 days with conventional therapy, which included saline hydration, @entity1483 , @entity5279 , and @entity175 . This was ineffective, and on hospital day 18, calcimimetic at a dose of 50 mg, orally, every 6 h was added. On hospital day 25, the dose was increased to 100 mg, orally, every 6 h, and on hospital day 30, saline and @entity1483 were discontinued. He was discharged on hospital day 40. With several dose adjustments, he has been treated with monotherapy calcimimetic for over 600 days and has not required any other interventions for his @entity3243 . Mean daily precalcimimetic treatment values of serum ionized @entity460 and @entity461 were 1.83 mmol/L and 872 pg/mL, respectively. During hospitalization, at the lower dose of calcimimetic, @entity460 and @entity461 decreased to 1.67 mmol/L and 538 pg/mL; with the higher dose they further decreased to 1.51 mmol/L and 444 pg/mL. Since discharge, and despite increasing levels of @entity461 , serum @entity460 has remained high, but lower than the admission level and acutely responsive to changes in calcimimetic doses. This compound, a calcimimetic, the first of a new class of compounds with activity at the @entity460 -sensing receptor, has been used to treat a @entity1 with @entity3243 . During 2 yr of treatment, no adverse clinical effects have been observed, and it appears to have been effective at controlling @entity2741 .

title: Treatment of @entity2741 secondary to XXXX with a novel calcimimetic agent.

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['primary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity175 :: ('MESH:D002116', 'Chemical') :: ['calcitonin']

entities_list: @entity5279 :: ('MESH:C019248', 'Chemical') :: ['pamidronate']

entities_list: @entity2741 :: ('MESH:D006934', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalcemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['furosemide']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity3243 :: ('MESH:D010282', 'Disease') :: ['Parathyroid carcinoma', 'parathyroid carcinoma']

answer: @entity3243 :: (MESH:D010282,Disease) :: ['parathyroid carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Poor participation rates are often observed in @entity14 ( @entity14 ) screening programs utilising faecal occult blood tests. This may be from dislike of faecal sampling, or having benign bleeding conditions that can interfere with test results. These barriers may be circumvented by offering a blood-based DNA test for screening. The aim was to determine if program participation could be increased by offering a blood test following @entity1062 ( @entity1062 ) non-participation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 were invited into a @entity14 screening study through their General Practice and randomised into control or intervention (n=600/group). Both groups were mailed a @entity1062 (matching conventional screening programs). Participation was defined as @entity1062 completion within 12wk. Intervention group non- @entity1 were offered a screening blood test (methylated @entity6762 / @entity6763 ). Overall participation was compared between the groups. RESULTS: After 12wk, @entity1062 participation was 82% and 81% in the control and intervention groups. In the intervention 96 @entity1062 non- @entity1 were offered the blood test - 22 completed this test and 19 completed the @entity1062 instead. Total screening in the intervention group was greater than the control (88% vs 82%, p<0.01). Of 12 invitees who indicated that @entity1062 was inappropriate for them (mainly due to bleeding conditions), 10 completed the blood test (83%). CONCLUSIONS: Offering a blood test to @entity1062 non- @entity1 increased overall screening participation compared to a conventional @entity1062 program. Blood test participation was particularly high in invitees who considered @entity1062 to be inappropriate for them. A blood test may be a useful adjunct test within a @entity1062 program.

title: Improving Participation in XXXX : a Randomised Controlled Trial of Sequential Offers of Faecal then Blood Based Non-Invasive Tests.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'People']

entities_list: @entity1062 :: ('MESH:D013736', 'Disease') :: ['FIT', 'faecal immunochemical test']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer Screening']


abstract: @entity3191 not otherwise specified (PTCLs/NOS) are rare and aggressive @entity5 whose molecular pathogenesis and diagnosis are still challenging. The microRNA (miRNA) profile of 23 PTCLs/NOS was generated and compared with that of normal T-lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+, naive, activated). The differentially expressed miRNA signature was compared with the gene expression profile (GEP) of the same @entity5 . The obtained gene patterns were tested in an independent cohort of PTCLs/NOS. The miRNA profile of PTCLs/NOS then was compared with that of 10 angioimmunoblastic @entity784 (AITLs), 6 @entity2108 ( @entity2108 )/ @entity7041 + and 6 @entity2108 / @entity7041 -. Differentially expressed miRNAs were validated in an independent set of 20 PTCLs/NOS, 20 AITLs, 19 @entity2108 / @entity7041 - and 15 @entity2108 / @entity7041 +. Two hundred and thirty-six miRNAs were found to differentiate PTCLs/NOS from activated T-lymphocytes. To assess which miRNAs impacted on GEP, a multistep analysis was performed, which identified all miRNAs inversely correlated to different potential target genes. One of the most discriminant miRNAs was selected and its expression was found to affect the global GEP of the @entity5 . Moreover, two sets of miRNAs were identified distinguishing PTCL/NOS from AITL and ALCL/ @entity7041 -, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of this tool was very high (83.54%) and its prognostic value validated.

title: Pathogenetic and diagnostic significance of microRNA deregulation in XXXX not otherwise specified.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity3191 :: ('MESH:D016411', 'Disease') :: ['Peripheral T-cell lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity2108 :: ('MESH:D017728', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic large-cell lymphomas', 'ALCLs']

answer: @entity3191 :: (MESH:D016411,Disease) :: ['peripheral T-cell lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Successful experiences of the Neuroform stent-assisted coiling have been reported by many teams in endovascular neurosurgery centers throughout the world. However, most of the reported complications involved a limited number of @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: To systematically report the complications of Neuroform stent-assisted coiling of @entity438 and to tentatively assess the efficacy and safety of this method. METHODS: A retrospective study of 232 consecutive @entity1 with 239 wide-neck @entity439 treated with Neuroform stent-assisted coil embolization at our institution over a 6-year period was performed. Angiographic results and clinical outcome were evaluated. Cases with complications were analyzed. RESULTS: Stenting was successful in 237 of 239 @entity439 . Favorable clinical outcome (modified Rankin score: 0-2) was observed in 88  3% of the @entity1 . Procedure-related complications included @entity1031 (n = 13), intraprocedural @entity397 (n=8), coil protrusions (n=5), new mass effect (n=3), @entity130 (n=3), and stent dislodgement (n=2). Procedure-related morbidity and mortality were 4  2 and 1  3%, respectively. @entity532 attributable to @entity510 in 129 @entity1 with @entity1756 were symptomatic @entity2553 (18  6%) and shunt-dependent @entity1276 (6  9%). Angiography follow-up was obtained in 67  1% of the treated @entity439 . The overall recanalization rate was 14  5%. Delayed complications included in-stent @entity850 (n=2) and penetrating @entity432 (n=2) in follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Neuroform sent-assisted coiling of @entity438 is a safe technique with relatively low recanalization rate. The main cause of morbidity and mortality is @entity1031 . Long-term effect on parent artery should be observed carefully.

title: Complications and adverse events associated with Neuroform stent-assisted coiling of wide-neck XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['Non-procedural complications']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['vessel injury']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysm', 'intracranial aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: To describe three @entity1 with recurrent severe @entity7965 @entity10 precipitated by @entity7875 . @entity158 elicited by @entity7875 is a well-recognized clinical phenomenon in @entity1 with @entity9 , @entity1348 and @entity5588 . Clinical history, neurological and oral examinations, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cranial nerve electrophysiological testing and skull X-rays are reported. In all the @entity1 @entity158 was induced by @entity7875 ; in the third @entity1 @entity158 was also triggered by eructation. None had history of @entity2704 . @entity1742 and forceful opening of the mouth did not reproduce the @entity158 . The first @entity1 had @entity158 , @entity3413 -induced @entity121 and subclinical @entity1897 ; the second @entity1 had a post-viral @entity16 ; and the third had @entity158 and no underlying @entity16 . Cranial nerve testing and MRI of the brain were normal except for a coincidentally found @entity977 on the first @entity1 . @entity10 or @entity10 with @entity7875 may occur in @entity1 with no apparent cause (primary @entity7875 @entity10 ). It is a chronic, benign condition that requires no specific treatment but needs to be distinguished from secondary @entity7875 @entity10 , of greater clinical relevance.

title: Primary XXXX @entity10 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathy']

entities_list: @entity3413 :: ('MESH:D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['simvastatin']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological illness', 'benign sensory neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['axonal peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity7965 :: ('MESH:D006457', 'Disease') :: ['paroxysmal']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenoma']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'retroauricular and facial pain', 'pain', 'retroauricular pain']

entities_list: @entity5588 :: ('MESH:C538010', 'Disease') :: ['Eagle syndrome']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['Headache', 'cranial pain', 'headache']

entities_list: @entity1742 :: ('MESH:D001072', 'Disease') :: ['Facial gestures']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['cranial neuralgia']

entities_list: @entity1348 :: ('MESH:D013706', 'Disease') :: ['temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome']

answer: @entity7875 :: (143334,Species) :: ['yawning']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was: 1) to determine variables that might characterize good or bad sleep; and 2) to describe the relationship between sleep, @entity73 , personal function factors, and quality of life based on quality of sleep in @entity1 with @entity239 ( @entity239 ). METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study included 224 consecutive @entity1 diagnosed at a specialist center. These @entity1 were mailed a questionnaire concerning sleep, body functions, personal factors, and health-related quality of life. In total, 145 completed questionnaires were collected. RESULTS: Using sleep variables (sleep quality, waking up unrefreshed, and tiredness when getting up), we identified two subgroups - the good sleep subgroup and the bad sleep subgroup - of @entity1 with @entity239 . These subgroups exhibited significantly different characteristics concerning @entity158 intensity, psychological variables (depressed mood, @entity148 , @entity16839 , and self-efficacy), @entity73 , and generic and health-related quality of life. The good sleep subgroup reported a significantly better situation, including higher employment/study rate. The bad sleep subgroup reported a greater use of sleep medication. Five variables determined inclusion into either a good sleep or a bad sleep subgroup: @entity158 in the evening, self-efficacy, @entity148 , and according to the Short Form health survey role emotional and physical functioning. CONCLUSION: This study found that it was possible to identify two subgroups of @entity1 with @entity239 based on quality of sleep variables. The two subgroups differed significantly with respect to @entity158 , @entity73 of body functions, and perceived quality of life, where the subgroup with bad sleep had a worse situation.

title: Self-reported nonrestorative sleep in XXXX - relationship to @entity73 , personal function factors, and quality of life.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia', 'FM']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['psychological factors, impairments', 'impairments of body functions', 'impairment of body functions']

entities_list: @entity16839 :: ('MESH:D002388', 'Disease') :: ['catastrophizing']

answer: @entity239 :: (MESH:D005356,Disease) :: ['fibromyalgia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are only limited data regarding @entity358 from @entity356 . Therefore, we analyzed large series of @entity356 with @entity358 and analyzed their clinical characteristics and treatment outcome to enhance perception of metastatic @entity356 . METHODS: Of 20,187 advanced @entity356 @entity1 treated between 1995 and 2007, 193 (0.96%) were identified to have @entity358 from @entity356 . The @entity358 were detected at chest computed tomography (CT) scan or plain chest X-ray and/or abdominal pelvic CT scan covering the lower part of the lungs, and were divided into three patterns: lymphangitic, hematogenous, and pleural. RESULTS: The most frequently observed pattern of lung @entity3 was hematogenous @entity3 (52.3%) followed by pleural (35.2%) and lymphangitic (26.4%). @entity1 who had @entity358 were significantly associated with hepatic @entity3 (p = 0.004) and male sex (p = 0.012). @entity1 with lymphangitic @entity3 were significantly associated with concomitant bone (p = 0.010) and bone marrow (p = 0.029) @entity3 . In case of @entity3 , it was positively correlated with gastrectomy history (p = 0.015) and the presence of peritoneal @entity3 (p = 0.020). After a median follow-up duration of 87 (9-162) months, the median survival after diagnosis of @entity358 was 4 (0-67) months. CONCLUSION: The most frequently observed pattern of lung @entity3 was hematogenous @entity3 (52.3%) followed by pleural (35.2%) and lymphangitic (26.4%) in @entity356 @entity1 . Among @entity356 @entity1 with lung metastases, @entity1 with @entity3 or lymphangitic @entity3 had shorter survival with 1.5-2-fold increased risk of @entity204 .

title: Lung metastases in metastatic XXXX : pattern of lung metastases and clinical outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary metastasis', 'hematogenous pulmonary metastasis', 'pulmonary lesions']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'pleural metastasis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and radiological findings of @entity1 with @entity7025 and @entity2743 . Possible mechanisms predisposing these individuals to @entity385 are discussed. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 12 consecutive @entity1 with both @entity7025 and @entity2743 . Moyamoya @entity455 was diagnosed by digital subtract angiography or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). The clinical characteristics, laboratory data, vascular radiological characteristics and outcome were reported. RESULTS: All @entity1 were female and mean age was 33.33  12.65 years. @entity850 or @entity432 of bilateral terminal internal carotid artery and/or proximal anterior/middle cerebral arteries was found in nine @entity1 . Among them, three @entity1 displayed asymmetrical @entity850 . In addition, there were three @entity1 with probable @entity18368 . Eleven @entity1 presented with @entity385 and/or @entity63 ( @entity63 ) and one with @entity1296 . Thyroid function tests demonstrated elevated thyroid hormone levels and suppressed thyroid stimulating hormone levels in all the @entity1 with @entity63 events. All patients received anti-thyroid therapy and two had recurrent @entity63 after drug withdrawal. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7025 associated @entity2743 often presented with asymmetric @entity850 or @entity432 . We hypothesize cerebrovascular hemodynamic changes due to @entity2743 contribute to the @entity63 events.

title: @entity7025 associated with XXXX : a case series study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vasculopathy']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease", 'thyrotoxicosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['transient ischemic attack', 'ischemic', 'TIA', 'ischemic attack']

entities_list: @entity18368 :: ('MESH:C567079', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral moamoya syndrome']

entities_list: @entity7025 :: ('MESH:D009072', 'Disease') :: ['moyamoya syndrome', 'Moyamoya syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['occlusion']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['Stenosis', 'stenosis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['Graves' disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Preterm birth is associated with lower cognitive functioning. One potential pathway is postnatal parental @entity308 . The authors assessed @entity308 in mothers and fathers after @entity600 , and identified the impacts of both prematurity and @entity308 on @entity1 's early cognitive function. METHOD: Data were from the nationally representative Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort (n = 5350). @entity308 at 9 months were assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD) and @entity1 's cognitive function at 24 months by the Bayley Short Form, Research Edition. Weighted generalized estimating equation models examined the extent to which @entity600 , and mothers' and fathers' @entity308 impacted @entity1 's cognitive function at 24 months, and whether the association between @entity600 and 24-month cognitive function was mediated by @entity308 . RESULTS: At 9 months, fathers of very preterm (<32 weeks gestation) and moderate/late preterm (32-37 weeks gestation) @entity1 had higher CESD scores than fathers of term-born (>= 37 weeks gestation) @entity1 (p value = .02); @entity600 was not associated with @entity308 . In multivariable analyses, @entity600 was associated with lower cognitive function at 24 months; this association was unaffected by adjustment for @entity308 . Fathers', but not mothers', @entity308 predicted lower cognitive function in the fully adjusted model (b = -0.11, 95% confidence interval, -0.18 to -0.03). CONCLUSION: Fathers of preterm @entity1 have more postnatal @entity308 symptomology than fathers of term-born @entity1 . Fathers' @entity308 also negatively impact @entity1 's early cognitive function. The national findings support early identification and treatment of fathers of preterm @entity1 with @entity308 .

title: Postnatal Depressive Symptoms Among Mothers and Fathers of XXXX Born Preterm: Prevalence and Impacts on @entity1 's Early Cognitive Function.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['maternal depressive symptoms', 'depressive symptoms', 'depressive', 'depression', 'postnatal depressive symptoms', 'Depressive symptoms', 'parental depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Infants']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated the associations of stature, lower leg length (LLL) and demi-arm span (demi- @entity5427 ) with major predisposing @entity65 factors and @entity301 . STUDY DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: Cross-sectional study set at Glasgow Royal Infirmary of a subsample of 543 @entity1 and 646 @entity1 aged 25-66 y from the random MONICA sample. ASSOCIATED MEASURES: LLL, demi- @entity5427 , blood pressure, plasma total @entity165 , @entity6 and @entity301 ( @entity951 , angioplasty, @entity299 , and coronary artery bypass graft). RESULTS: The numbers (and proportions) of @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively, with @entity101 were 126 (23.6%) and 80 (14.0%), hypercholesterolaemia 155 (29.0%) and 171 (30.1%), @entity301 53 (10.1%) and 47 (8.4%), and @entity6 15 (2.9%) and 9 (1.6%). Results were adjusted for age, social class and smoking. Analysis of variance showed that in @entity1 , @entity851 of height, LLL or demi- @entity5427 were all associated significantly (P < 0.05) with hypercholesterolaemia. Long LLL, high ratios of LLL:height or LLL:demi-As were associated significantly (P < 0.05) with @entity6 . In @entity1 , @entity851 of height or LLL were associated with significantly (P < 0.05) with @entity301 . High ratio of demi- @entity5427 :height or low ratio of LLL:demi- @entity5427 was associated significantly (P < 0.05) with @entity301 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity851 and limb lengths, and also altered skeletal proportions, which may reflect interrupted early growth, are associated with several @entity209 . Skeletal disproportion associates with @entity6 in @entity1 and @entity301 in @entity1 .

title: Skeletal proportions and XXXX in adults.

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['Short stature', 'shortness']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart attack']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disorders']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular risk']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['metabolic disorders']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the effect of various suturing techniques on the regularity of postkeratoplasty @entity940 . DESIGN: A prospective clinical trial. @entity1 : Sixty-two consecutive @entity1 undergoing penetrating keratoplasty by the same surgeon (MB) participated. INTERVENTION: Each @entity1 was assigned to one of four groups according to the suturing technique used (a = 16 interrupted 10-0 nylon sutures; b = 2 running 10-0 nylon sutures, each with 8 bites; c = 2 running 10-0 nylon sutures, each with 12 bites; d = 2 running 10-0 nylon sutures, each with 16 bites). This was the only parameter permitted to be changed in the standard keratoplasty procedure used for all cases. Corneal topography was performed 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. The astigmatic patterns seen on the corneal maps then were classified into regular (symmetric or asymmetric bowtie patterns) or irregular (distorted bowtie, multiaxial, or other patterns). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Regularity of postkeratoplasty corneal @entity940 was measured. RESULTS: At all postoperative examination times, the percentage of irregular astigmatic patterns was highest in group a and lowest in group d (chi-square test: P < 0.005). Groups b and c showed intermediate values. The entity of the astigmatic error as measured by the simulated K-readings of the topographic maps did not differ significantly in the four groups. CONCLUSIONS: A suturing technique using 2 running sutures with 16 bites each can minimize irregular postkeratoplasty @entity940 as long as sutures are in place, when compared with interrupted sutures or double-running sutures of less than 16 bites.

title: Different suturing techniques variously affect the regularity of postkeratoplasty XXXX .

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity940 :: (MESH:D001251,Disease) :: ['astigmatism']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity120 ( @entity120 ) is a life-limiting @entity102 that presents as an elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary artery. The uncertainty of the disease has a profound effect on relationships, @entity73 , spirituality, emotions, and exercise ability and can negatively impact health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The purposes of this cross-sectional, predictive, correlational study were (a) to identify relationships among the psychological factors ( @entity308 , @entity148 , stress), physiological factor (6-Minute Walk Test), situational factor (social support), and HRQOL and (b) to test a structural equation model in which @entity308 , @entity148 , stress, social support, and 6-minute walk distance predict HRQOL in adults with @entity120 . SAMPLE AND SETTING: A convenience sample of 166 adults between the ages of 21 and 80 years were recruited from the @entity120 Association's 10th International @entity120 Conference and Scientific Sessions in Orlando, Florida, and a @entity120 clinic in southeast Louisiana. Each subject completed 2 questionnaires: the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale and the Dartmouth Cooperative Functional Assessment Charts. RESULTS: The findings indicated a relationship between @entity308 , stress, @entity148 , 6-Minute Walk Test, social support, and HRQOL. The data collected from the adult @entity120 population fit the proposed predictive model for adults with @entity120 HRQOL. However, the researcher was unable to determine the best predictor of HRQOL in adults with @entity120 . CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate @entity308 , @entity148 , stress, 6-minute walk distance, and social support play important roles in HRQOL among @entity1 with @entity120 . Advanced practice nursing strategies to increase HRQOL include counseling, @entity146 referrals, psychotherapy, guided imagery, leading support groups, and low-grade resistance training.

title: A predictive model of the effects of XXXX , @entity148 , stress, 6-minute-walk distance, and social support on health-related quality of life in an adult pulmonary hypertension population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive ability']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary hypertension', 'Pulmonary Hypertension', 'PH']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: @entity13962 ( @entity13962 ) type II can be seen as late onset form with @entity121 phenotype. We present a case of a 19-year old female with progressive @entity425 was admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) with @entity1576 and @entity810 . @entity1 was unconscious. Pupils were anisocoric and light reflex was absent. She had @entity382 . The laboratory results showed a @entity413 level of 70  mg/dl and the liver enzymes were high. The @entity1 also had @entity2753 (117  mEq/L) and @entity880 level of 3.9  mmol/L. Tandem @entity15 and organic acid analysis were compatible with @entity13962 type II. @entity6211 1gr, @entity8728 100  mg and @entity7447 100  mg was arranged. After four months from beginning of treatment tandem @entity15 results are improved. @entity1576 , @entity810 due to profound @entity121 can be due to @entity10208 that responded rapidly to appropriate therapy.

title: XXXX presenting with @entity1576 in an adult.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity8728 :: ('MESH:D012256', 'Chemical') :: ['riboflavin']

entities_list: @entity6211 :: ('MESH:D002331', 'Chemical') :: ['Carnitine']

entities_list: @entity13962 :: ('MESH:C536833', 'Disease') :: ['GTA', 'Glutaric aciduria']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

entities_list: @entity10208 :: ('MESH:D054069', 'Disease') :: ['glutaric aciduria type II']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure', 'Respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathic', 'proximal myopathy']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity10208 :: (MESH:D054069,Disease) :: ['Glutaric aciduria type 2']


abstract: A 5-year-old @entity1 presented with @entity61618 . His maxillary and mandibular incisors were within normal limits. The premolar/molar areas in all quadrants were occupied by markedly macrodontic teeth showing globular shape. The @entity235 had a similar rounded shape. Two @entity235 and 1 of the other abnormal teeth demonstrated areas of yellow hypoplastic enamel. Radiographs revealed that some of the abnormal teeth had bifurcated pulp chambers and @entity3466 . Premolar tooth germs were absent. Audiometry demonstrated that the @entity1 had a marked bilateral @entity1274 for frequencies above 1000 Hz. No other members of the immediate family were clinically affected. The parents of the @entity1 were not aware of any similarly affected relatives. Suggestions with respect to possible genetic mechanisms and gene participation in the etiology of this syndrome are offered.

title: XXXX : a case report and genetic considerations.

entities_list: @entity61618 :: ('MESH:C563482', 'Disease') :: ['otodental syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity3466 :: ('MESH:D003784', 'Disease') :: ['pulp stones']

answer: @entity61618 :: (MESH:C563482,Disease) :: ['Otodental syndrome']