abstract: BACKGROUND: As the most frequent bone @entity3 , spinal metastases cause severe @entity158 and damage to vertebral bodies such as @entity3814 . To avoid the @entity130 and complications of open surgery, a minimally invasive procedure, percutaneous vertebroplasty ( @entity12468 ), has recently been developed to treat metastatic @entity5 . PURPOSE: To analyze the treatment outcomes of metastatic @entity5 by percutaneous vertebroplasty ( @entity12468 ) alone or @entity12468 combined with interstitial implantation of 125I seeds. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 80 @entity1 with metastatic @entity5 were randomized to receive @entity12468 alone (40 cases) or @entity12468 combined with 125I seed implantation (40 cases). Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)-guided vertebroplasty was performed under local anesthesia, and acrylic bone cement was injected into the vertebra through a bone trocar to the center of the lesion, with or without simultaneous interstitial implantation of 125I seeds. RESULTS: At 6-month follow-up, @entity12468 combined with 125I seed implantation resulted in zero cases with complete relief (CR), 36 with partial relief (PR), four with no changes (NC), and zero with @entity74 ( @entity74 ), while @entity12468 alone without seed implantation resulted in 0 CR, 31 PR, 7 NC, and 2 @entity74 . While the combined-treatment group and the single- @entity12468 group showed overall clinical benefit rates without significant difference (100% and 95.0%, respectively), their visual analogue @entity158 scales (VAS; 2.26+/-1.05 and 5.41+/-0.94, respectively) and Karnofsky performance scores (KPS; 92.5+/-7.1 and 87.7+/-7.3, respectively) were significantly different after treatment (P = 0.028 and P = 0.009, respectively). @entity1 in both groups had 1-year follow-up, and the mean time @entity5 ( @entity5 ) was 9.0 and 8.9 months, respectively (not significant). CONCLUSION: @entity12468 is a minimally invasive procedure with small wounds and minor complications. It is effective in the alleviation of @entity158 in metastatic @entity5 @entity1 , and its clinical outcomes can be enhanced by the combination of interstitial implantation of 125I seeds.

title: Treatment of metastatic XXXX by percutaneous vertebroplasty versus percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with interstitial implantation of 125I seeds.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'spinal tumor', 'to tumor progression', 'spinal tumors']

entities_list: @entity3814 :: ('MESH:D050815', 'Disease') :: ['spinal osteolytic destruction and compression fractures']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'progression of disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['spinal tumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Given that little is known about the prevalence of, and factors associated with, liver @entity82 in the general population, we aimed to investigate this in a large, well-characterized cohort by means of transient elastography (TE). This study was part of the Rotterdam Study, a population-based study among individuals >= 45 years. All @entity1 underwent abdominal ultrasound and TE. @entity409 measurement (LSM) >= 8.0 kilopascals (kPa) was used as a cutoff suggesting clinically relevant @entity82 . Of 3,041 @entity1 (age, 66.0        7.6 years) with reliable LSM, 169 (5.6%) @entity1 had LSM >= 8.0 kPa. Age (odds ratio [OR]: 2.40; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.72-3.36; P   <   0.001), @entity3929 aminotransferase (ALT; OR, 1.24; 95% CI: 1.12-1.38; P   <   0.001), smoking (OR, 1.77; 95% CI: 1.16-2.70; P   =   0.008), spleen size (OR, 1.23; 95% CI: 1.09-1.40; P   =   0.001), @entity23109 , or @entity10745 (OR, 5.38; 95% CI: 1.60-18.0; P   =   0.006), and combined presence of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity1560 (OR, 5.20; 95% CI: 3.01-8.98; P   <   0.001 for combined presence) were associated with LSM >= 8.0 kPa in multivariable analyses. The adjusted predicted probability of LSM >= 8.0 kPa increased per age decade, with probabilities ranging from 1.4% (0.9-3.6) in @entity1 ages 50-60 years to 9.9% (6.8-14.5) in @entity1 >80 years. @entity1 with both @entity6 and @entity1560 had the highest probabilities of LSM >= 8.0 kPa (overall probability: 17.2% [12.5-23.4]; this probability did not increase with age [P   =   0.8]). CONCLUSION: In this large population-based study of older adults, LSM >= 8.0 kPa, suggestive of clinically relevant @entity82 , was present in 5.6% and was strongly associated with @entity1560 and @entity6 . In the context of an aging population and an increased prevalence of @entity6 and @entity28 , this study illustrates that liver @entity82 may become a more prominent public health issue in the near future. (Hepatology 2015).

title: Presence of @entity6 and XXXX is associated with @entity409 in a general population: The Rotterdam study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity23109 :: ('MESH:D006514', 'Chemical') :: ['hepatitis B surface antigen']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['steatosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity10745 :: ('MESH:D006526', 'Disease') :: ['anti-hepatitis C virus positivity']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Liver stiffness']

answer: @entity1560 :: (MESH:D005234,Disease) :: ['steatosis']


abstract: In the clinical grounds, @entity1 with >= 90  % luminal narrowing during @entity934 ( @entity1617 ) testing had variable response. We investigated @entity63 findings and chest symptoms in @entity1 with >= 90  % luminal narrowing when performing ACh tests, retrospectively. We performed 763 ACh tests over 13  years (2001-2013). We analyzed chest symptoms and positive @entity63 ECG changes during ACh tests. More than 90  % luminal narrowing was found in 441 @entity1 (57.8  %) including 355 @entity1 in the right coronary artery (RCA) and 363 @entity1 in the left coronary artery (LCA). Chest symptom was observed in 386 @entity1 (87.5  %) including 293 @entity1 in the RCA and 304 @entity1 in the LCA. ST elevation was found in 161 @entity1 including 110 in the RCA and 85 @entity1 in the LCA, @entity308 was recognized in 146 @entity1 including 119 @entity1 in the RCA and 117 @entity1 in the LCA. Three quarter of @entity1 with >= 90  % luminal narrowing had significant @entity63 ECG changes, whereas two-third of @entity1 with >= 90  % luminal narrowing complained usual chest @entity158 accompanied with significant @entity63 ECG changes. Unusual chest symptom was complained in 7.3  % @entity1 with >= 90  % luminal narrowing. Neither chest symptom nor ECG changes were found in 30 @entity1 (6.8  %) with >= 90  % luminal narrowing. A third of these @entity1 had @entity63 findings on non-invasive tests before catheterization and six @entity1 had @entity432 . We should realize some limitation to define positive coronary @entity2473 based on the @entity63 ECG change and chest symptom during ACh tests.

title: @entity2473 on @entity934 @entity2473 provocation tests: comparison of clinical positive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['while ST depression']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['subtotal or total occlusion']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity2473 :: (MESH:D013035,Disease) :: ['spasm']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: A sonographic study was conducted to determine the prevalence of @entity731 across multiple arterial beds in an elderly Chinese population and to examine relationships between detected @entity731 and traditional risk factors. METHODS: A total of 197 @entity1 underwent sonography of the abdominal aorta and bilateral carotid, femoral, and lower limb arteries. Images were reviewed to determine the presence or absence of plaques in each artery. Plaque thickness was measured as the indicator of plaque burden. Plaque prevalence was estimated per site and correlated with age, sex, and the Framingham Risk Score (FRS). Plaque frequency and thickness were compared between different arterial beds. RESULTS: Of the 197 @entity1 (54% female; age range, 58-86 years), 90% had plaques present in at least 1 artery, and 55% had plaques present in at least 4 arteries. The most common sites for plaques were the carotid arteries (80%), followed by the lower limb arteries (59%), femoral arteries (57%), and abdominal aorta (37%). Plaque prevalence in each arterial bed except the abdominal aorta was significantly associated with male @entity1 (P   <   .05), increasing age (P   <   .003) and FRS (P   <   .04). Male @entity1 were more likely to have carotid (P   =   .04), femoral (P   =   .045), and lower limb (P   =   .006) plaques than female @entity1 , but there was no significant difference in aortic plaque prevalence between male and female @entity1 (P   =   .9). CONCLUSIONS: Plaque prevalence increased significantly in the carotid and peripheral arteries with increasing FRS. These findings should be considered for designing screening programs for @entity64 and @entity299 prevention.

title: A Noninvasive Sonographic Study of Multisite XXXX in an Elderly Chinese Population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart attack']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['Atherosclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1653 accounts for about 4.7% to 7.2% of all kinds of @entity1653 , which is invasive with a relatively high recurrence and mortality. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical manifestations and therapeutic strategies of @entity1653 . METHODS: A total of 74 @entity1 who underwent surgical treatment and pathologically confirmed for @entity1653 in Neurosurgery Department of Beijing Tiantan Hospital from January 2003 to December 2008 were enrolled in this study. The characteristics of the @entity5 as well as therapeutic regimens and follow-up data were reviewed. After surgery, 56 @entity1 underwent radiotherapy. @entity1 were followed up for about 3.5 years (range, 0.5 - 6.0 years), and 58 @entity1 completed follow-up. RESULTS: Of the 58 @entity1 who completed follow-up, good recovery was found in 30, @entity51 in 15, and @entity204 in 13. Of the 58 @entity1 , 21 had recurrent @entity1653 and 18 underwent a second surgery. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1653 is difficult to manage, with a high recurrence rate and poor survival. The extent of @entity5 resection and histological grade are the key determinants of outcome. Radiation therapy can be used as an adjunctive treatment after total or partial resection.

title: Clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma', 'Atypical meningioma', 'atypical meningioma', 'meningiomas']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['atypical meningioma']


abstract: Segmenting and quantifying @entity11 from MRI is an important task for diagnosis, planning intervention, and for tracking @entity5 changes over time. However, this task is complicated by the lack of prior knowledge concerning @entity5 location, spatial extent, shape, possible displacement of normal tissue, and intensity signature. To accommodate such complications, we introduce a framework for supervised segmentation based on multiple modality intensity, geometry, and asymmetry feature sets. These features drive a supervised whole-brain and @entity5 segmentation approach based on random forest-derived probabilities. The asymmetry-related features (based on optimal symmetric multimodal templates) demonstrate excellent discriminative properties within this framework. We also gain performance by generating probability maps from random forest models and using these maps for a refining Markov random field regularized probabilistic segmentation. This strategy allows us to interface the supervised learning capabilities of the random forest model with regularized probabilistic segmentation using the recently developed ANTsR package-a comprehensive statistical and visualization interface between the popular Advanced Normalization Tools (ANTs) and the R statistical project. The reported algorithmic framework was the top-performing entry in the MICCAI 2013 Multimodal @entity1313 Segmentation challenge. The challenge data were widely varying consisting of both high-grade and low-grade @entity5 four-modality MRI from five different institutions. Average Dice overlap measures for the final algorithmic assessment were 0.87, 0.78, and 0.74 for "complete", "core", and "enhanced" @entity5 components, respectively.

title: Optimal Symmetric Multimodal Templates and Concatenated Random Forests for Supervised XXXX Segmentation (Simplified) with ANTsR.

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'glioma tumor']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['Brain Tumor']

answer: @entity1313 :: (MESH:D001932,Disease) :: ['Brain Tumor']


abstract: Longitudinal assessment of risk factors for @entity2520 is necessary to provide evidence that a putative risk factor or risk indicator is a true risk factor. The purpose of the present study was to explore longitudinally a variety of markers as possible periodontal risk factors in subjects with little or no @entity2520 at baseline. 415 subjects with mild or @entity2520 were examined: medical and dental history; socioeconomic profile, clinical measurements, microbial samples and radiographic assessment of bone height were performed at baseline, and at a follow-up examination 2 to 5 years later. Mean @entity5951 ( @entity5951 ) at baseline was 1.99+/-0.37 mm while mean overall change was 0.1 mm which amounts to an annual rate of 0.04 mm. Overall mean clinical attachment level (1.75+/-0.6 mm) at baseline resulted in mean attachment change of 0.28 mm (0.12 mm annually). @entity133 ( @entity133 ) at baseline (mean 2.05+/-0.85 mm) resulting in a mean net loss of 0.1 mm. Approximately 10% of all sites presented for the second visit with @entity6730 exceeding the threshold (4.4% annually), while only 2.2% of all sites exhibited @entity1017 (0.88% annually). Older individuals exhibited greater mean bone loss but the least amount of @entity6730 . Current smokers exhibited greater disease progression compared to non-smokers. Tooth morbidity (0.17 teeth/ @entity1 /year) was associated with greater baseline CAL and @entity604 , and an assortment of systemic conditions. Subjects who harbored @entity3289 (Bf) at baseline had greater loss in @entity133 ; likewise, these subjects experienced greater proportions of losing sites and twice as much tooth mortality compared to Bf-negative @entity1 . Baseline clinical parameters correlated strongly with the outcome, i.e., subjects with deeper mean pocket depth at baseline exhibited greater increase in pocket depth overtime; while subjects with greater @entity6730 at baseline exhibited greater @entity6730 between the 1st and 2nd visits.

title: Longitudinal study of predictive factors for XXXX and tooth loss.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6730 :: ('MESH:D017622', 'Disease') :: ['attachment loss']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['periodontal disease', 'little periodontal disease']

entities_list: @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['Alveolar crestal height', 'ACH']

entities_list: @entity3289 :: ('28112', 'Species') :: ['Bacteroides forsythus']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['attachment gain']

entities_list: @entity5951 :: ('MESH:D005888', 'Disease') :: ['PPD', 'probing pocket depth']

answer: @entity2520 :: (MESH:D010510,Disease) :: ['periodontal disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Inhibitory @entity1246 ( @entity1246 )-mediated neurotransmission plays an important role in the regulation of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), with increasing evidence suggesting that dysfunctional GABAergic processing of the PFC may underlie @entity51 reported across @entity914 . @entity888 ( @entity7865 ) is a psychostimulant that induces @entity716 in a subset of users, with repeat administration producing a progressively increased vulnerability to @entity716 following subsequent drug administration (sensitization). The aim here was to investigate changes to GABAergic mRNA expression in the PFC of @entity35 sensitized to @entity7865 using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Male @entity35 (n=12) underwent repeated @entity888 (intraperitoneal (i.p.) or saline injections for 7 days. Following 14 days of withdrawal, @entity35 were challenged with acute @entity888 (1mg/kg i.p.) and RNA was isolated from the PFC to compare the relative mRNA expression of a range of @entity1246 enzymes, transporters and receptors subunits. @entity7865 challenge resulted in a significant sensitized behavioral (locomotor) response in @entity7865 pre-treated animals compared with saline pre-treated controls. The mRNAs of transporters ( @entity44297 and @entity44299 ), ionotropic GABAA receptor subunits (a3 and b1), together with the metabotropic GABAB1 receptor, were upregulated in the PFC of sensitized @entity35 compared with saline controls. These findings indicate that GABAergic mRNA expression is significantly altered at the pre and postsynaptic level following sensitization to @entity7865 , with sensitization resulting in the transcriptional upregulation of several inhibitory genes. These changes likely have significant consequences on @entity1246 -mediated neurotransmission in the PFC and may underlie certain symptoms conserved across @entity914 , such as @entity409 .

title: GABAergic mRNA expression is upregulated in the prefrontal cortex of @entity35 sensitized to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1246 :: ('MESH:D005680', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-aminobutyric acid', 'GABA']

entities_list: @entity888 :: ('MESH:D008694', 'Chemical') :: ['Methamphetamine', 'methamphetamine']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['executive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorders']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['certain deficits']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic relapse', 'chronic psychosis']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity888 :: (MESH:D008694,Chemical) :: ['methamphetamine']


abstract: Previous studies demonstrate that intrastriatal injections of fibrillar alpha-synuclein (a- @entity15735 ) into @entity19 induce @entity191 ( @entity191 )-like Lewy body (LB) pathology formed by aggregated a- @entity15735 in anatomically interconnected regions and significant @entity528 . The aim of the current study was to evaluate whether exogenous @entity19 a- @entity15735 pre-formed fibrils (PFF) injected into the striatum of @entity35 would result in accumulation of LB-like intracellular inclusions and @entity528 . @entity35 received unilateral intrastriatal injections of either non-fibrillized recombinant a- @entity15735 or PFF @entity19 a- @entity15735 in 1- or 2- sites and were euthanized at 30, 60 or 180 days post-injection (pi). Both non-fibrillized recombinant a- @entity15735 and PFF a- @entity15735 injections resulted in phosphorylated a- @entity15735 intraneuronal accumulations (i.e., diffuse Lewy neurite (LN)- and LB-like inclusions) with significantly greater accumulations following PFF injection. LB-like inclusions were observed in several areas that innervate the striatum, most prominently the frontal and insular cortices, the amygdala, and the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). a- @entity15735 accumulations co-localized with ubiquitin, @entity10407 , and were @entity7732 -positive and proteinase-k resistant, suggesting that PFF-induced pathology exhibits properties similar to @entity1 LBs. Although a- @entity15735 inclusions within the SNpc remained ipsilateral to striatal injection, we observed bilateral reductions in nigral @entity935 neurons at the 180-day time-point in both the 1- and 2-site PFF injection paradigms. PFF injected @entity35 exhibited bilateral reductions in striatal dopaminergic innervation at 60 and 180 days and bilateral decreases in @entity4926 ; however, @entity935 reduction was observed only in the striatum ipsilateral to PFF injection. Although the level of @entity935 asymmetry in PFF injected @entity35 at 180 days was insufficient to elicit motor deficits in @entity4944 -induced rotations or forelimb use in the cylinder task, significant disruption of ultrasonic vocalizations was observed. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that a- @entity15735 PFF are sufficient to seed the pathological conversion and propagation of endogenous a- @entity15735 to induce a progressive, neurodegenerative model of a-synucleinopathy in @entity35 .

title: Intrastriatal injection of pre-formed @entity19 a-synuclein fibrils into @entity35 triggers a-synuclein pathology and bilateral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity7732 :: ('MESH:C009462', 'Chemical') :: ['thioflavin-S']

entities_list: @entity4926 :: ('MESH:D006719', 'Chemical') :: ['homovanillic acid']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['nigrostriatal degeneration']

entities_list: @entity4944 :: ('MESH:D000661', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamine']

answer: @entity528 :: (MESH:D009410,Disease) :: ['nigrostriatal degeneration']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity7023 (' @entity7024 ') is a novel, inhaled long-acting muscarinic antagonist. Therapeutic effects of @entity7024 on @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) have been demonstrated in Caucasian populations in several clinical trials. This was a randomized, double-blind, multi-centre phase-3 clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity7024 in a Korean population. METHODS: A total of 263 Korean @entity1 with moderate-to-severe @entity1030 were randomized to receive @entity7024 (400    g, bd) (Genuai) or placebo via a dry-powder inhaler. The primary end point was change in trough forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1 ) at 12 weeks. Other lung function measurements, @entity1030 exacerbation, health status (St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), dyspnoea ( @entity1353 ( @entity1353 ) and safety were assessed throughout the study period. RESULTS: A significant improvement in trough FEV1 from baseline was shown with @entity7024 compared with the placebo (0.126   L, P   <   0.0001). Significant improvements were also demonstrated in peak FEV1 (0.190   L, P   <   0.0001), SGRQ and @entity1353 . Furthermore, @entity7024 significantly reduced the prevalence of exacerbations ( @entity7024 , 5.4%; placebo, 15.6%, P   <   0.05), and the duration of exacerbations was shorter compared with placebo (rate ratio: 0.27; P   <   0.05). @entity7024 (400    g) was well tolerated and the prevalence of adverse events was comparable with the placebo. CONCLUSIONS: Inhaled @entity7024 (400    g) was shown to be safe and efficacious in Korean @entity1 with moderate-to-severe @entity1030 . CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01636401 at Clinicaltrials.gov.

title: Efficacy and safety of XXXX in @entity1 with @entity1030 : A phase 3 randomized clinical trial in a Korean population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['Transition Dyspnea Index', 'TDI']

entities_list: @entity7024 :: ('CHEBI:65346', 'Chemical') :: ['aclidinium', 'Aclidinium']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity7023 :: ('MESH:C542859', 'Chemical') :: ['Aclidinium bromide']

answer: @entity7023 :: (MESH:C542859,Chemical) :: ['aclidinium bromide']


abstract: The goal of the present work was to investigate possible risk factors for the poor response of some cases of chronic @entity1244 to endoscopic sinus surgery in spite of the precision of the surgical technique. Eleven adult @entity1 who were scheduled for revision endoscopic sinus surgery underwent a complete @entity566 workup. At the time of surgery, a tiny biopsy was taken from the maxillary sinus mucosa close to the middle turbinate. The specimens were processed for histochemical and transmission electron microscopic examination. Six @entity1 (55 per cent) proved to be @entity56 . Their sinus mucosa showed @entity1712 (6.1 cells/mm(2)), and mast cell degranulation. This proves that allergens can reach the sinus mucosa and have a direct impact on it. Another three @entity1 (27 per cent) were non- @entity56 but exhibited @entity33 (5.0 cells/mm(2)), and two of them showed mast cell degranulation. These @entity1 were diagnosed as having nonallergic rhinosinusitis with @entity1712 (NARSE). The nasal mucosa of the remaining two @entity1 did not reveal any characteristic pathological findings, and no pathologic diagnosis could be established for them. None of the @entity1 showed electron microscopic evidence of purulent inflammatory changes, and the bacterial cultures recovered normal respiratory flora in nine @entity1 (82 per cent). The present research spotlights the importance of @entity566 and nonallergic @entity1712 of the mucosa as possible risk factors that may degrade the results of endoscopic sinus procedures and discusses some pertinent pathological and clinical aspects.

title: Some risk factors for refractory chronic XXXX : an immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study.

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic infiltration', 'eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

answer: @entity1244 :: (MESH:D012852,Disease) :: ['sinusitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Pregnancy is a critical period for brain metabolic programming, being affected by individual environment, such as nutrition, stress, and physical exercise. In this context, we previously reported a cerebral antioxidant upregulation and mitochondrial biogenesis in the offspring delivered from exercised mothers, which could provide neuroprotection against neonatal insults. @entity519 - @entity63 (HI) @entity75 is one of the most studied models of neonatal @entity1545 ; disrupting motor, cognitive, and learning abilities. Physiopathology includes oxidative stress, allied to mitochondria energy production failure, glutamatergic excitotoxicity, and cell death. In this study we evaluated the effect of maternal swimming during pregnancy on offspring* s brain oxidative status evaluated fourteen days after HI stablishment. Swimming exercise was performed by female adult @entity35 one week before and during pregnancy, in controlled environment. Their offspring was submitted to HI on postnatal day 7, and the brain samples for biochemical assays were obtained in the weaning. Contrary to our expectations, maternal exercise did not prevent the oxidative alterations observed in brain from HI- @entity35 . In a general way, we found a positive modulation in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, measured two weeks after HI, in hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum of pups delivered from exercised mothers. Reactive species levels were modulated differently in each structure evaluated. Considering the scenery presented, we concluded that HI elicited a neurometabolic adaptation in both brain hemispheres, particularly in hippocampus, parietal cortex, and cerebellum; while striatum appears to be most damaged. The protocol of aerobic maternal exercise was not enough to fully prevent HI-induced @entity75 .

title: Effect of maternal exercise on biochemical parameters in @entity35 submitted to neonatal @entity519 - XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy', 'brain damages']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) and the Behavioral Activation System (BAS) have been theorized as neural systems that regulate approach/ @entity146 . Behavioral activation/inhibition balance may change in @entity179 based on underlying alterations in systems supporting motivation and approach/ @entity146 , which may in turn be reflected in neuropsychiatric symptoms. METHOD: A total of 187 @entity1 (31 @entity1 diagnosed with behavioral variant of FTD [bvFTD], 13 semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia [svPPA], 14 right temporal variant FTD [rtFTD], 54 @entity195 [ @entity195 ], and 75 older healthy controls [NCs]) were included in this study. Changes in behavioral inhibition/activation were measured using the BIS/BAS scale. We analyzed the correlation between regional atrophy pattern and BIS/BAS score, using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). RESULTS: ADs had significantly higher BIS scores than bvFTDs and NCs. bvFTDs activation-reward response (BAS-RR) was significantly lower than ADs and NCs, though their activation-drive (BAS-D) was significantly higher than in ADs. Both @entity195 and rtFTD @entity1 had abnormally low activation fun-seeking (BAS-FS) scores. BIS score correlated positively with right anterior cingulate and middle frontal gyrus volume, as well as volume in the right precentral gyrus and left insula/operculum. CONCLUSIONS: @entity195 , bvFTD, and rtFTD @entity1 show divergent patterns of change in approach/withdrawal reactivity. High BIS scores correlated with preservation of right-predominant structures involved in task control and self-protective avoidance of potentially negative reinforcers. Damage to these regions in bvFTD may create a punishment insensitivity that underlies @entity1 ' lack of self-consciousness in social contexts.

title: Neural basis of motivational approach and XXXX in @entity179 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disease']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['withdrawal behaviors']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['withdrawal behaviors']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy and safety of latanoprost, bimatoprost, travoprost and @entity6839 in @entity2790 (IOP) in @entity1 with primary @entity1538 . METHODS: This was a prospective study conducted at a tertiary-care centre. One hundred and forty @entity1 with newly diagnosed primary @entity1538 were randomly assigned to treatment with latanoprost (0.005%), bimatoprost (0.03%), travoprost (0.004%) or @entity6839 gel (0.5%); 35 @entity1 were assigned to each group. All @entity1 were followed for 2, 6, and 12 weeks. The main outcome measure studied was the change in IOP at week 12 from the baseline values. Safety measures included recording of adverse events. RESULTS: The mean IOP reduction from baseline at week 12 was significantly more with bimatoprost (8.8 mmHg, 35.9%) than with latanoprost (7.3 mmHg, 29.9%), travoprost (7.6 mmHg, 30.8%) or @entity6839 (6.7 mmHg, 26.6%) (ANOVA and Student's t-tests, p < 0.001). Among the prostaglandins studied, bimatoprost produced a maximum reduction in IOP (-2.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.25 to -3.18) followed by travoprost (-1.27; 95% CI, -0.81 to -1.27) and latanoprost (-1.25; 95% CI, -0.79 to -1.71); these values were significant when compared to @entity6839 at week 12 (Bonferroni test, p < 0.001). Latanoprost and travoprost were comparable in their ability to reduce IOP at each @entity1 visit. Ocular adverse-events were found in almost equal proportion in @entity1 treated with bimatoprost (41.3%) and travoprost (41.9%), with a higher incidence of @entity3169 (24.1%) seen in the bimatoprost group. @entity6839 produced a significant drop in heart rate (p < 0.001) at week 12 when compared to the baseline measurements. CONCLUSIONS: Bimatoprost showed greater efficacy when compared to the other @entity2918 , and @entity6839 was the most efficacious at lowering the IOP. Conjunctional @entity450 was mainly seen with bimatoprost. However, the drug was tolerated well and found to be safe.

title: Comparing the efficacy of latanoprost (0.005%), bimatoprost (0.03%), travoprost (0.004%), and @entity6839 (0.5%) in the treatment of primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity6839 :: ('MESH:D013999', 'Chemical') :: ['timolol', 'Timolol']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['reducing intraocular pressure']

entities_list: @entity3169 :: ('MESH:D003229', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival hyperemia']

answer: @entity1538 :: (MESH:D005902,Disease) :: ['open angle glaucoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To define the incidence of recall and dreams during analgosedation in critically ill @entity1 . DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. SETTING: Anaesthesiological intensive care unit (ICU) in a university hospital. @entity1 AND @entity1 : Two hundred and eighty-nine critically ill @entity1 , who either arrived intubated and sedated at the ICU or required intubation, mechanical ventilation, and sedation during their ICU stay. INTERVENTIONS: none. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The @entity1 were interviewed 48-72 h after discharge from the ICU. By a structured interview they were asked whether they recalled any event before they had regained consciousness at the ICU. Moreover they were asked for dreams. Descriptive statistics: 64.7% of all @entity1 did not recall any event, before they regained consciousness. However, 17% ( n=49) of all @entity1 indicated that they remembered the tracheal tube or being on the ventilator, before they woke up. Some @entity1 (21.1%) reported dreams or dreamlike sensations. Some @entity1 (9.3%) recalled nightmares, while 6.6% reported @entity1833 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity3124 @entity1 reported a high incidence of recall for unpleasant events, which they thought to have taken place before they regained consciousness. The @entity1 , who stayed longer than 24 h at the ICU, indicated vivid memory for nightmares and @entity1833 . Further studies are suggested to evaluate: 1) whether there is an impact of the present findings on outcome; and 2) whether clinical scores for sedation or neurophysiological monitoring help to define the exact time, when recall happens, in order to guide therapeutic intervention.

title: Incidence of recall, nightmares, and XXXX during analgosedation in intensive care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['Critically ill']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations']

answer: @entity1833 :: (MESH:D006212,Disease) :: ['hallucinations']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Catheter @entity5526 ( @entity5526 ) has a strong correlation with lesion formation during radiofrequency ablation. Delayed-enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (DE-CMR) provides lesion information in @entity1 with prior @entity955 ( @entity955 ) ablation. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the @entity5526 threshold to create permanent lesions detected by DE-CMR. METHODS: A total of 36 @entity1 referred for @entity955 ablation were included. A @entity5526 catheter was used during the ablation procedure, and DE-CMR was performed 3 months after the ablation procedure. Eighteen pulmonary vein (PV) segments were defined, and 3-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of the left atrium (LA) derived from the DE-CMR images were obtained. One observer evaluated the presence of any discontinuity of previous ablation lesions (gap) in the 3D reconstructions of the LA, and another observer (blinded to the gap findings) determined the minimum @entity5526 value in each PV segment. RESULTS: The PV segments where a gap was observed had a lower maximal @entity5526 value than did the segments without gap in the 3D LA reconstructions (6.7    4.4 g vs 12.2    4.7 g; P < .001). In receiver operating characteristic analysis, a @entity5526 threshold of >8 g provided 73% sensitivity and 81% specificity in the prediction of a complete @entity358 (positive predictive value [ @entity2286 ] 84%). A @entity5526 threshold of >12 g had a specificity of 94% and increased the @entity2286 to 91% in creating a complete lesion in the LA wall (area under the curve 0.834). CONCLUSION: A @entity5526 threshold of >12 g H5H20 predicts a complete lesion with high specificity and @entity2286 when a dragging ablation strategy is used in @entity955 ablation.

title: Contact force threshold for permanent lesion formation in XXXX : A cardiac magnetic resonance-based study to detect ablation gaps.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5526 :: ('MESH:D003877', 'Disease') :: ['contact force', 'CF']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['PV lesion']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation ablation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Cereal fiber intake is linked to reduced risk of type 2 @entity6 in epidemiological observations. The pathogenic background of this phenomenon is unknown. Based on recent findings, we hypothesized that intake of purified insoluble oat fiber may improve whole-body insulin sensitivity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A randomized, controlled, single-blind, cross-over study was performed, and 17 overweight or @entity28 subjects with normal @entity413 metabolism were analyzed. After consumption of nine macronutrient-matched portions of fiber-enriched bread (white bread enriched with 31.2 g insoluble fiber/day) or control (white bread) over a time period of 72 h, whole-body insulin sensitivity was assessed by @entity1717 . Energy intake was individually adjusted by providing standardized liquid meals. @entity3884 breath tests were performed to control for dietary adherence. RESULTS: When analyzing the entire cohort, whole-body @entity413 disposal was improved after fiber consumption (M value 6.56 +/- 0.32 vs. 6.07 +/- 0.27 mg . @entity1009 ) . kg(-1); P = 0.043). Thirteen subjects had increased @entity3884 breath test concentrations after fiber consumption, indicating probable dietary adherence. Restricting analysis to these subjects, improvements in M value (6.85 +/- 0.34 vs. 6.06 +/- 0.32 mg . @entity1009 ) . kg(-1); P = 0.003) and insulin sensitivity, expressed as M/I ratio (M value divided by mean serum insulin at steady state: 3.73 +/- 0.23 vs. 3.21 +/- 0.27; P = 0.02), after fiber consumption were more pronounced. Plasma lipids, serum @entity1760 , ghrelin, and @entity1254 concentrations, as well as substrate utilization and body weight, were not significantly changed by fiber intake (P > 0.15). CONCLUSIONS: Increased insoluble dietary fiber intake for 3 days significantly improved whole-body insulin sensitivity. These data suggest a potential mechanism linking cereal fiber intake and reduced risk of type 2 @entity6 .

title: Cereal fiber improves whole-body insulin sensitivity in overweight and XXXX women.

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen', 'Hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1717 :: ('MESH:D044903', 'Disease') :: ['euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: Locally advanced colorectal canter may require an intraoperative decision for the block resection of surrounding organs or structures to achieve @entity5 removal. This decision must weigh the risk of complications and @entity204 of multivisceral resection against a potential survival benefit. Little is known about the prognostic factors and their influence on the outcome of multivisceral resection for @entity14 . We demonstrate our experience with multivisceral resections for the primary @entity14 . @entity1 undergoing multivisceral resection for primary @entity694 between I-I.2000-I-VII.2003 were identified from retrospective database. Multivisceral resection was performed in 41 of 378 @entity1 with a median age of 61 years. Postoperative rates of complications and @entity204 in 41 @entity1 were 30.9% and 12.1%. @entity5 infiltration was shown in 58.3% of @entity1 with curative resection. Multivisceral resection is safe, and long-term survival after curative resection is similar to that after standard resection. As the palliative resections cannot be predicted accurately at the time of surgery, every effort should be made to achieve @entity5 resection.

title: [Multivisceral resection in locally advanced XXXX and rectum].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['complete tumour', 'Histologic tumour']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon or rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the colon']


abstract: The present clinical trial was undertaken to investigate the @entity137 and antimyeloma activity of @entity1863 (BU) and @entity786 (CY) at the maximum tolerated doses of, respectively, 16 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg (BU-CY 4) as conditioning therapy for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in 19 consecutive @entity1 with @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ). Twelve (63%) had failed to respond to prior chemotherapy, while the remaining 37% had chemosensitive disease. No life-threatening or fatal regimen-related complications were observed. The incidence of @entity5501 was zero according to Jones' criteria and 21% according to McDonald's system. Transplant-related mortality was 37%. Using stringent criteria, the frequency of complete remission (CR) was 42% among all @entity1 and 53% among those who could be evaluated. With a median follow-up of 21 months for all @entity1 and 66 months for survivors, the actuarial probability of survival and event-free survival at 4 years from BMT was 26% (95% CI: 7-46) and 21% (95% CI: 3-39), respectively. A more favorable outcome of transplantation was observed in the subgroup of @entity1 with chemosensitive disease who had a transplant-related mortality of 14%, an overall CR rate of 86% (95% CI: 49-97) and a 4-year projected probability of event-free survival of 57% (95% CI: 20-93). Four of these @entity1 are currently alive in continuous CR after 54, 66, 80 and 94 months, respectively. It is concluded that BU-CY 4 as conditioning for allogeneic transplantation for @entity1582 is associated with acceptable morbidity and relatively low mortality. This regimen exerts substantial antimyeloma activity, resulting in a high CR rate and durable responses, especially in @entity1 with chemosensitive disease. Long-lasting remission and probable cure is possible following allogeneic stem cell transplantation for @entity1582 .

title: High-dose @entity1863 and XXXX are an effective conditioning regimen for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in chemosensitive @entity1582 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity5501 :: ('MESH:D006504', 'Disease') :: ['veno-occlusive disease of the liver']

entities_list: @entity1863 :: ('MESH:D002066', 'Chemical') :: ['busulfan']

answer: @entity786 :: (MESH:D003520,Chemical) :: ['cyclophosphamide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Angiogenesis in @entity5 is a prognostic factor associated with @entity5 growth and @entity3 . Studies of angiogenesis in @entity0 showed that neovascularisation correlates with likelihood of @entity3 and recurrence. Our study was to evaluate microvessel density as a prognostic factor in @entity1204 . METHODS: Between 1995-1999, 58 @entity1 were treated for @entity1204 . The primary treatment consisted of total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingoophorectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. The microscopic examination of @entity982 blocks showed the areas of the deepest myometrial invasion. The microvessels within the invasive @entity5 were highlighted by means of immuno-cytochemical staining to detect @entity2279 . RESULTS: Microvessel count was related to likelihood of recurrence. We found statistically significant differences between @entity1 who died after operation and @entity1 with nonrecurrence process. All @entity1 were in the same stage and grade of @entity1204 . CONCLUSION: Microvessel density index seems to be an important factor for planing postoperation treatment in @entity1204 .

title: [Microvessel density index as a prognostic factor in a low histological differentiation stage of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma', 'endometrial cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast, prostate and lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In-vitro studies have suggested that polymorphisms of the @entity2162 may influence the desensitisation induced by @entity2263 -agonists. We investigated the influence of @entity2162 polymorphism on the development of bronchodilator desensitisation in @entity565 @entity1 . METHODS: We carried out an analysis of 22 moderately severe stable asthmatics, mean age 38 years, FEV1 63% of predicted and FEF25-75 38% of predicted, who received a median inhaled corticosteroid dose of 1000 micrograms/day. @entity1 were randomly assigned inhaled placebo or inhaled @entity6410 24 micrograms bid for 4 weeks each in a crossover study. Bronchodilator dose-response curves were made at the end of each treatment period by use of cumulative doses of @entity6410 (6-108 micrograms) with FEV1 and FEF25-75 measured 30 min after each dose, and up to 6 h after the last dose. We calculated the degree of bronchodilator desensitisation by comparing the dose-response (for maximum and 6 h) after placebo with that after @entity6410 , and expressed this degree as a percentage of placebo response. @entity1 were divided into groups according to genotype at codon 16: homozygous @entity534 16 (n = 4), heterozygous @entity534 16/ @entity4022 16 (n = 8), and homozygous @entity4022 16 (n = 10). At codon 27: homozygous @entity7647 27 (n = 5), heterozygous @entity7647 27/ @entity367 27 (n = 11), and homozygous @entity367 27 (n = 6). FINDINGS: We found a significantly (p < 0.05) greater degree of bronchodilator desensitisation with homozygous @entity4022 16 than with homozygous @entity534 16 for maximal FEV1 response: -8% ( @entity534 16) vs 46% ( @entity4022 16); and for maximal FEF25-75 response: -32% ( @entity534 16) vs 74% ( @entity4022 16; 95% CI 15-92% and 49-164%, respectively). Bronchodilator responses at 6 h were also significantly (p < 0.05) different for FEV1 and FEF25-75 when @entity534 16 and @entity4022 16 were compared and values for heterozygous @entity534 16/ @entity4022 16 were intermediate. There was significantly greater desensitisation with @entity367 27 than with @entity7647 27 for maximal FEF25-75 response: -7% ( @entity7647 27) vs 68% ( @entity367 27), p = 0.05; and for 6 h FEF25-75 response: 43% ( @entity7647 27) vs 93% ( @entity367 27), p < 0.05 (95% CI 2-147% and 5-94%, respectively). All @entity1 who were homozygous @entity367 27 were also homozygous @entity4022 16. INTERPRETATION: We have found preliminary evidence that @entity2162 polymorphism is associated with altered @entity2162 expression in @entity565 @entity1 . The homozygous @entity4022 -16 form was significantly more prone to bronchodilator desensitisation than @entity534 16, with the influence of @entity4022 16 dominating over any putative protective effects of @entity367 27.

title: Association between XXXX polymorphism and susceptibility to bronchodilator desensitisation in moderately severe stable asthmatics.

entities_list: @entity2162 :: ('154', 'Gene') :: ['beta 2-AR', 'beta 2-adrenoceptor']

entities_list: @entity6410 :: ('MESH:C012629', 'Chemical') :: ['formoterol']

answer: @entity2162 :: (154,Gene) :: ['beta 2-adrenoceptor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study provides prenatal characteristics and postnatal outcomes of @entity1 with severe @entity3799 . METHODS: A retrospective analysis of clinical information from cases prenatally diagnosed with severe @entity3799 (>90   angulation) in the Fetal Care Center at Cincinnati @entity1 's Hospital Medical Center between 2007 and 2010 was performed. We excluded @entity601 and @entity5 of the head or neck. RESULTS: We identified five @entity1 with severe @entity3799 . The fetal spine abnormality was diagnosed between 18 and 27 weeks of gestation. Classical cesarean section was recommended in all @entity1 . There were no immediate airway or neurological complications in the delivery room. @entity154 were present in four of the five @entity1 . These @entity1 had a more complicated clinical course and three separate syndromes including a complex collagenopathy, @entity4032 , and @entity11375 were identified. One @entity1 had an isolated cervical deformation secondary to a large uterine fibroid with a benign clinical course. None of the @entity1 have required spinal surgery. CONCLUSION: Our @entity1 suggest that connective tissue diseases or @entity4032 may be important risk factors for the development of severe @entity3799 . There were no significant long-term complications directly related to @entity3799 .

title: XXXX in the fetus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['Extravertebral anomalies']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity11375 :: ('MESH:D007714', 'Disease') :: ['Klippel-Feil syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3799 :: ('MESH:D002575', 'Disease') :: ['cervical scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity601 :: ('MESH:D009436', 'Disease') :: ['iniencephaly']

entities_list: @entity4032 :: ('MESH:D059446', 'Disease') :: ['heterotaxy']

answer: @entity3799 :: (MESH:D002575,Disease) :: ['Severe cervical scoliosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity796 is a major @entity1577 ( @entity1577 ) pathogen causing chronic @entity1729 and posing a risk for @entity580 between @entity1 with @entity1577 . AIM: To propose an algorithm for long-term surveillance of @entity796 and assess its suitability for monitoring the epidemiological situation at a @entity1577 centre with approximately 300 @entity1 . METHODS: Over a nine-year period, over 300 @entity796 isolates from 131 infected @entity1 were tested by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and/or random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay. FINDINGS: MLST analysis led to the identification of 97 different sequence types which were distributed among 17 RAPD-generated (pseudo)clusters. This indicates that the easy-to-perform RAPD assay is only suitable for intra-individual, not interindividual, strain analyses. No epidemic strains were observed. Longitudinal analysis revealed that 110 of the 131 @entity1 were infected with the same strain over the observation period, whereas 21 @entity1 had a strain replacement or a new @entity281 . @entity281 was found in 99 of the 131 @entity1 , and the remaining 32 @entity1 met the criteria for intermittent @entity281 (as defined by the Leeds criteria). Eighteen of the 32 @entity1 (56%) with intermittent @entity281 were infected with the same strain for up to nine years. CONCLUSION: The strain type only changed in 16% of 131 @entity1 with chronic or intermittent @entity281 . As many as 56% of @entity1 considered to have intermittent @entity281 were actually chronically infected with the same strain for many years.

title: How and why to monitor @entity796 XXXX in the long term at a @entity1577 centre.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P.  aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'Chronic infection']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infections']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['cross-infection']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'cystic fibrosis']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infections']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite being chemosensitive, the majority of @entity0 ( @entity0 ) @entity1 recur. The primary study objectives were to compare disease free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) for @entity0 after adjuvant chemotherapy, who underwent maintenance metronomic chemotherapy versus no maintenance therapy. METHODS: @entity0 @entity1 were eligible for enrolment if they had TNM stages II-III and fit with our inclusion criteria. @entity1 were assigned to either: group 1, 3 cycles FEC-100 then 3 cycles @entity1205 , @entity3003 , followed by maintenance metronomic chemotherapy for 1 year; and group 2, 3 cycles FEC-100 then 3 cycles @entity1205 . RESULTS: Between November 2008 and December 2014, 158 @entity1 (78 group 1, and 80 group 2) were enrolled. The mean age was 46 years. The median DFS for groups 1,2 were 28 and 24 months, respectively; P value 0.05. The median OS for groups 1,2 were 37 and 29 months, respectively; P values 0.04. Additionally, during the follow-up period, the overall distant metastasis recurrence rates for groups 1,2 were 26% and 37% respectively. Finally, treatment protocol was tolerated well in both groups with mild @entity137 profiles. CONCLUSIONS: Extended adjuvant metronomic chemotherapy achieved significant improvement in the survival and was well tolerated.

title: Metronomic methotrexate and cyclophosphamide after @entity3003 included adjuvant chemotherapy in XXXX : a phase III study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['TNBC', 'triple negative breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['triple negative breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: It has been suggested that specific @entity716 may be explained by patterns of biological abnormalities. The presence of @entity1109 ( @entity1109 ) has been associated with @entity73 , e.g., deficits in self-monitoring or in the experience of agency, suggesting that a specific network of @entity1274 might underlie @entity1109 . Here, we investigate differences in cortical and subcortical brain volume between @entity1 with and without @entity1109 . METHODS: Three independent @entity1 samples (referred to as A, B, and C) with different mean ages and in different illness stages were included, leading to a total of 348 @entity1 within the @entity161 -spectrum. All underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. In addition, the presence of @entity1109 was established using a diagnostic interview. @entity1 with ( @entity1109 +, A: n   =   63, B: n   =   129, and C: n   =   96) and without @entity1109 ( @entity1109 -, A: n   =   35, B: n   =   17, and C: n   =   8) were compared on global and local cortical volumes as well as subcortical volumes, using a whole brain (cerebrum) approach. RESULTS: Nucleus accumbens volume was significantly smaller in @entity1109 + as compared with @entity1109 - in sample A (p   <   0.005). Furthermore, @entity1109 + showed a smaller volume of the pars-opercularis relative to @entity1109 - in sample B (p   <   0.001). No further significant differences were found in cortical and subcortical volumes between @entity1109 + and @entity1109 - in either one of the three samples after correction for multiple comparison. CONCLUSION: Brain volume differences between @entity1 with and without @entity1109 are, when present, subtle, and not consistent between three independent samples. @entity75 related to @entity1109 may be too subtle to become visible through structural brain imaging.

title: Structural MRI Differences between XXXX with and without First Rank Symptoms: A Delusion?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Brain abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['FRS', 'first rank symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['neural abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic symptom clusters']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: It has been shown that the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) of @entity35 contains nitrergic neurons, which are activated during animal exposure to aversive stimuli. The BNST is also populated by glutamatergic and corticotrophin releasing factor (CRFergic) neurons, which in turn are activated under stressful situations. Here we investigated the anxiogenic-like effects of intra-BNST injections of a @entity842 (NO) donor, @entity70089 in @entity19 . The role of CRFergic and glutamatergic systems on defensive behavior induced by @entity70089 was investigated with previous intra-BNST infusion of different doses of @entity70090 , a CRF type 1 receptor antagonist (CRF1), or AP-7, an @entity3391 ( @entity3391 ) receptor antagonist. @entity148 -like behavior was assessed immediately and 5min after intra-BNST drug injection, exposing @entity19 to a novel arena and to the elevated plus-maze (EPM; an anxiogenic situation). Results showed that @entity70089 provoked a short period (   150s) of freezing behavior in the novel arena and increased @entity148 in the EPM. Both CP and AP-7 attenuated the anxiogenic-like effects of @entity70089 in the EPM without changing freezing behavior in the novel arena. When given alone (i.e. without prior intra-BNST injection of @entity70089 ), AP-7 (0.20nmol), but not CP (0.75, 1.50, or 3.00nmol), attenuated @entity148 in @entity19 exposed to the EPM. These results suggest that CRF1 and @entity3391 receptors located within the BNST differentially modulate aversive effects induced by NO production in this limbic forebrain structure.

title: @entity148 -like responses induced by @entity842 within the BNST in XXXX : Role of CRF1 and @entity3391 receptors.

entities_list: @entity3391 :: ('D016202', 'Chemical') :: ['NMDA', 'N-methyl-d-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of @entity619 0.7mg intravitreal implant in @entity1 with @entity1103 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen @entity1 ' charts with @entity1103 were retrospectively reviewed. The main outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and mean @entity989 ( @entity989 ). RESULTS: @entity1 ' mean age was 72.1  years old. Five @entity1 were @entity6 . All @entity1 had previously been treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drops. Four @entity1 had received a previous treatment with intravitreal ranibizumab. The mean follow-up period was 8.7  months. Mean BCVA before intravitreal @entity619 was 0.72  logMAR. After injection, it improved to 0.50  at month 1, was 0.47  at month 3, and 0.60  logMAR at month 12. The pre-injection mean @entity989 was 598 m. It improved to 286 m at month 1, 338 m at month 3, and was 441 m at month 12. Eight @entity1 received 2  intravitreal injections of @entity619 . Five @entity1 presented with elevated intraocular pressure during follow-up, which was treated with drops. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal @entity619 injection improved visual acuity and macular thickness at month 1  and month 3  in @entity1 with @entity1103 . A second injection was necessary after a mean period of 5  months.

title: [Treatment of @entity1103 ( @entity1103 ) with XXXX 0.7mg intravitreal implant].

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative cystoid macular edema']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['CRT', 'central retinal thickness']

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['dexamethasone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Autophagy has dual functions in cell survival and death. However, the effects of autophagy on @entity5 cell survival or death remain controversial. In this study, we show that Autophagy can mediate @entity204 ( @entity204 ) of @entity5 cells in responding to @entity5303 ( @entity5303 )-induced @entity519 in a @entity8783 -independent but @entity10614 ( @entity10614 )-dependent manner. Although @entity10614 is not directly induced by @entity5303 , its constitutive expression is essential for @entity5303 -induced @entity204 . The @entity10614 -mediated autophagic @entity204 requires interplays with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and/or mitochondria. In this process, @entity10614 plays a central role in regulating ER stress protein CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein ( @entity3726 ) and mitochondrial protein second mitochondria derived activator of caspases ( @entity17205 ). Two pathways for autophagic @entity204 in @entity5 cells responding to @entity519 have been identified: @entity10614 / @entity3726 / @entity17205 pathway and @entity10614 / @entity17205 pathway, which are probably dependent on the context of cell lines. The former is more potent than the latter for the induction of @entity204 at the early stage of @entity519 , although the ultimate efficiency of both pathways is comparable. In addition, both pathways may require @entity10614 -mediated conversion of LC3-I into LC3-II. Therefore, we have defined two autophagy-mediated pathways for the @entity204 of @entity5 cells in @entity519 , which are dependent on @entity10614 , interplayed with ER and mitochondria and tightly regulated by @entity519 status. The findings provide a new evidence that autophagy may inhibit @entity5 cell proliferation through trigger of @entity204 , facilitating the development of novel anti- @entity5 drugs.

title: @entity8783 -independent autophagy mediates programmed @entity5 cell death through interplays with endoplasmic reticulum and/or mitochondria in colbat chloride-induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity5303 :: ('MESH:C018021', 'Chemical') :: ['cobalt chloride', 'CoCl2']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['PCD', 'programmed cell death']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Corneas are usually stored for a maximum of approximately 30 days in European @entity267 banks. Although attempts are being made to prolong culture periods, data on their success are extremely limited to date. The following study was carried out to describe the capacities and limits of the established system. METHODS: Thirty-seven @entity1 corneas were stored for < or = 12 weeks under standard eye bank conditions [modified minimal essential medium (MEM), 31 degrees C, closed system]. Twenty-one fresh @entity1 corneas served as control. Both the adenylate @entity2036 and the @entity413 and @entity880 concentrations were measured in the tissue (all cellular layers) by using the bioluminescence technique. The endothelial-cell densities also were determined. RESULTS: Endothelial-cell densities decreased from 2,963.4 +/- 58.7 cells/ @entity202 (fresh) to 2,649 cell/ @entity202 after 4 weeks and to 2,087 cells/ @entity202 after 6 weeks. Storage for periods >6 weeks led to @entity39 . Biochemical studies showed improving values during the first 4 weeks and acceptable conditions for < or = 6 weeks. CONCLUSION: From these data, we conclude that long-term organ culture in a closed system is limited to approximately 6 weeks and thereby confirm the clinical results of Fr  h and B  hnke.

title: Changes in XXXX donor corneas preserved for longer than 4 weeks.

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['total endothelial necrosis']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The high rate of @entity65 in @entity1 with @entity454 ( @entity454 ) is a significant barrier to improved life expectancy. Unique in this population is the marked development and @entity146 worsening of @entity729 ( @entity729 ). @entity9955 ( @entity7371 ), an endogenous molecule, appears to naturally inhibit soft tissue @entity730 , but may be @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and @entity454 . Although once thought to be a promising therapeutic, @entity7371 's very short half-life in circulation curtailed earlier studies. We tested the possibility that a slow, continuous entry of @entity7371 into the circulation and prevention of @entity729 might be achieved by daily @entity298 ( @entity298 ). METHODS: Pharmacokinetic studies were first carried out in @entity35 with @entity8 resulting from a 5/6 nephrectomy. Efficacy studies were then performed in the @entity6970 gene knockout @entity19 model overlaid with @entity740 . @entity7371 was delivered by means of a permanent peritoneal catheter in a solution simulating @entity298 , but without the timed removal of spent dialysate. von Kossa's staining followed by semiquantitative morphological image processing, with separation of inside (intimal) and outside (presumed medial) lesions, was used to determine aortic root @entity730 . RESULTS: In comparison to an intravenous bolus, delivery of @entity7371 in a @entity298 solution resulted in a slower, extended delivery over >4 h. Next, the efficacy studies showed that a 6-day/week @entity298 -simulated administration of @entity7371 resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of @entity730 in both intimal and medial lesions. A dose-response effect on total @entity730 was also documented, with a full inhibition seen at the highest dose. A limited peritoneal catheter-related @entity32 was observed, as expected, and included the placebo-treated control groups. This inflammatory response could have masked a lower level @entity7371 -specific adverse effect, but none was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest potential for @entity7371 , administered during @entity298 , to prevent the development of @entity729 and to potentially extend the life of @entity454 @entity1 .

title: Daily peritoneal administration of sodium pyrophosphate in a dialysis solution prevents the development of @entity729 in a XXXX model of uraemia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal dialysis', 'PD']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['depressed in chronic kidney disease', 'CKD']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['aortic calcification', 'calcification']

entities_list: @entity729 :: ('MESH:D061205', 'Disease') :: ['vascular calcification', 'VC']

entities_list: @entity9955 :: ('MESH:C107241', 'Chemical') :: ['Pyrophosphate']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular mortality']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: @entity1823 is rare @entity5 arising from chromaffine cells. We report a 39-year-old @entity1 who was diagnosed with anterior mediastinal @entity1823 . Computed tomography (CT) revealed a solid mass in the anterior mediastinum. Surgical biopsies obtained by sternotomy confirmed histologic and immunohistochemical features of @entity1823 . Surgical removal of this vascularized and invasive @entity5 was not possible to. External radiotherapy was performed. Three years later, the @entity1 developed @entity662 . CT findings showed right nodular pleural masses. Transparietal biopsy confirmed the same pathological aspect of @entity1823 . Chemotherapy was proposed without significant response. This observation confirmed the rare course of @entity1823 to @entity3 . Treatment of @entity1823 is mainly surgery if the mass is resectable.

title: [Mediastinal paraganglioma with XXXX . A case report].

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['pleural metastases']

entities_list: @entity1823 :: ('MESH:D010235', 'Disease') :: ['paraganglioma', 'Paraganglioma']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['pleural metastasis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: One of the reasons proposed for the paucity of drug discovery for @entity191 is the lack of relevant animal models of the condition. @entity191 has been modelled extensively using the selective neurotoxin, @entity2955 ( @entity2955 ). However, as this model bears little etiological resemblance to the @entity1 condition, there has been a drive to develop models with improved etiological validity. Two such models are those induced by the pesticide, @entity3788 , and the inflammagen, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, to date, these models have been poorly characterised in terms of their motor profiles and have never been directly compared to the more established models. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterise the behavioural profile of the @entity3788 and LPS models, and to compare them with the @entity2955 model. Animals underwent baseline testing on the Stepping, Whisker, Corridor and Cylinder Tests of motor function. They were then grouped for unilateral intra-striatal infusion of @entity2955 , @entity3788 or LPS. Motor testing continued for ten weeks after which the @entity35 were processed for immunohistochemical analysis of nigrostriatal integrity. We found that, although all @entity2359 induced a similar level of nigrostriatal neurodegeneration, neither the @entity3788 nor LPS models were associated with @entity4944 -induced @entity717 , and they were associated with significantly less pronounced and stable impairments in the spontaneous tasks than the @entity2955 model. In conclusion, this study demonstrates key differences in the pattern of motor dysfunction induced by @entity191 which should be taken into consideration when selecting the most appropriate model for @entity191 preclinical studies.

title: Differential pattern of motor impairments in @entity2359 , environmental and inflammation-driven XXXX models of @entity191 .

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['rotation']

entities_list: @entity3788 :: ('MESH:D012402', 'Chemical') :: ['rotenone']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'Parkinsonian neurotoxins']

entities_list: @entity4944 :: ('MESH:D000661', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamine']

entities_list: @entity2955 :: ('MESH:D016627', 'Chemical') :: ['6-hydroxydopamine', '6-OHDA']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxins']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The relationship between coping styles and @entity146 has received considerable attention and instruments have been developed to assess coping strategies. The measurement by means of category systems has been criticized and a functional hierarchy of action types linked to the adaptive processes is preferred. We aimed to determine which factors may exist within the Brief- @entity5786 (Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced - @entity5786 - Inventory) in an Italian sample of @entity1 with @entity148 ; and if these factors correlate with the severity of psychopathology or with other characteristics. METHODS: A total sample of 148 @entity1 was recruited. The Brief- @entity5786 inventory, the Symptom Check List 90-Revised, the Penn State Worry Questionnaire, the Zung @entity148 Status Inventory and the Zung Self-Rating @entity148 Scale were administered. RESULTS: Factor analysis of the Brief- @entity5786 yielded nine factors accounting for 65.48% of the variance. @entity1 scored higher on Searching Support, followed by Acceptance, Changing Perspective, and Problem Solving. Associations between measures of psychopathology and factors of coping strategies, mostly Searching support and Avoidance, were found. CONCLUSIONS: Data of the present study support a nine-factor structure of the Brief- @entity5786 that includes five broad dimensions of coping. Psychopathology was mostly related to Searching support and Avoidance factors, showing that these strategies may reflect ineffective ways of coping; Problem solving and Changing perspective could be a valid approach to moderate @entity148 / @entity308 symptoms and psychopathology in general.

title: Coping strategies in a sample of XXXX @entity1 : factorial analysis and associations with psychopathology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety', 'anxiety disorders']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Aim was to examine the relationship between individually perceived changes in psychosocial stressors associated with German reunification and cardiovascular effects. We hypothesised that higher levels of psychosocial stress related to German reunification were associated with an increase in @entity65 factors and @entity65 ( @entity65 ). DESIGN: Cross-sectional data from 2 cohort studies in East Germany were used: @entity65 , Living and Ageing in Halle Study (CARLA), and Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). SETTING: 2 populations in East Germany. @entity1 : CARLA study: 1779 @entity1 , aged 45-83 years at baseline (812 @entity1 ), SHIP study: 4308 @entity1 , aged 20-79 years at baseline (2193 @entity1 ). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Psychosocial stressors related to reunification were operationalised by the @entity1642 ( @entity1642 ; scale from 0 to 10). This index was composed of questions that were related to individually perceived changes in psychosocial stressors (occupational, financial and personal) after reunification. To examine the associations between the @entity1642 and each stressor separately with @entity65 factors and CVD, regression models were used. RESULTS: @entity1642 was associated with CVD in @entity1 (RR=1.15, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.33). @entity65 factors were associated with @entity1642 for both @entity1 and @entity1 , with strongest associations between @entity1642 and @entity6 in @entity1 (RR=1.10, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.20) and @entity308 in @entity1 (RR=1.15, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.77). The change in occupational situation related to reunification was the major contributing psychosocial stressor. We observed a strong association with CVD in @entity1 who experienced occupational deterioration after reunification (RR=4.04, 95% CI 1.21 to 13.43). CONCLUSIONS: Individually perceived deterioration of psychosocial stressors (occupational, financial and personal) related to German reunification was associated with @entity65 factors and CVD. The associations were stronger for @entity1 than for @entity1 . An explanation for these findings could be that @entity1 were more often affected by unemployment after reunification. Morbidity and mortality follow-up of both cohorts could enhance the results.

title: Changes of individual perception in psychosocial stressors related to German reunification in 1989/1990 and @entity65 factors and XXXX in a population-based study in East Germany.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive disorders']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['RSI', 'Reunification Stress Index']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular Disease', 'CVDs', 'cardiovascular risk', 'cardiovascular diseases', 'Cardiovascular risk']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular diseases']


abstract: PURPOSE: We report the anesthetic management for a scheduled Cesarean section of a 29-yr-old female who previously had a repair of her dissecting @entity2334 during the 14th week of her pregnancy. CLINICAL FEATURES: A 29-yr-old female with a history of @entity101 and previously diagnosed aortic dissection secondary to suspected @entity1614 , presented to our institution for the first time after she became pregnant. A transesophageal echocardiogram revealed a dissecting aortic @entity439 greater than 8 cm in diameter beginning distal to the left subclavian artery and extending into the descending thoracic aorta. The @entity1 was counseled in great detail about the risk of @entity397 with continuing pregnancy. She refused termination and chose elective repair of the @entity439 , with continuation of the pregnancy. Partial repair of the thoracic @entity439 was undertaken when the pregnancy was 13(5/7) weeks by ultrasound dates. She was subsequently maintained on @entity6555 and @entity2514 for blood pressure control. A decision was made to proceed with a Cesarean section at 32 weeks. After placement of a radial artery catheter and two large peripheral iv catheters, she received a of 7 and 7 at one and five minutes was delivered. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1580 in pregnancy may have catastrophic results. Undoubtedly, it presents unique challenges for anesthetic and obstetrical management. With appropriate care and surgical correction of the dissecting @entity439 early in pregnancy, a successful outcome for the pregnancy was possible.

title: Successful near-term pregnancy outcome after repair of a dissecting XXXX at 14 weeks gestation.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6555 :: ('MESH:D007741', 'Chemical') :: ['labetolol']

entities_list: @entity1614 :: ('MESH:D008382', 'Disease') :: ["Marfan's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity2514 :: ('MESH:D006830', 'Chemical') :: ['hydralazine']

entities_list: @entity2334 :: ('MESH:D017545', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic dissection']

answer: @entity2334 :: (MESH:D017545,Disease) :: ['thoracic aortic aneurysm']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine alterations in bulbar conjunctival microvascular haemodynamics in @entity3458 ( @entity3458 ) subjects with @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ). METHODS: Conjunctival microcirculation imaging and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were performed in 22 subjects (eyes) diagnosed with @entity3458 . Based on evaluation of SD-OCT retinal thickness maps, eyes were assigned to one of the two groups: with or without @entity1020 . Conjunctival venular diameter and axial blood velocity were measured in multiple venules in each eye by customized image analysis algorithms. Measurements were then categorized into two vessel size groups (vessel size 1 and 2) and compared between @entity1020 groups. A Pearson correlation coefficient was computed to assess the relationship between retinal thickness and axial blood velocity. RESULTS: Mean age, haematocrit, sickle cell haemoglobin type and median @entity989 score were not significantly different between the two groups (p >=  0.1). Retinal thickness in parafoveal and perifoveal temporal subfields was significantly lower in eyes with @entity1020 as compared to eyes without @entity1020 (p  <= 0.04). There was a significant effect of @entity1020 on axial blood velocity (p = 0.04), while the effect of vessel size was not significant (p = 0.4). In vessel size 1, axial blood velocity was lower in eyes with @entity1020 than in eyes without @entity1020 (p = 0.03), while in vessel size 2, there was no statistically significant difference between @entity1020 groups (p = 0.1). In vessel size 1, there was a significant positive correlation between axial blood velocity and retinal thickness in the perifoveal (r = 0.48, p = 0.02) and parafoveal (r = 0.43, p = 0.04) temporal subfields. CONCLUSION: Conjunctival axial blood velocity in small venules is reduced in @entity3458 subjects with @entity1020 .

title: Conjunctival microvascular haemodynamics in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['focal macular thinning', 'FMT']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['sickle cell retinopathy', 'SCR']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

answer: @entity3458 :: (MESH:D000755,Disease) :: ['sickle cell retinopathy']


abstract: To examine the familial correlations, heritability (h(2)) and common environmental components (c(2)) of @entity1714 and ocular biometric traits (all treated as continuous outcomes) in families collected through the Genes in @entity1714 (GEM) family study in Australia. A total of 132 pedigrees (723 @entity1 ) were recruited for this study. All individuals completed a risk factor questionnaire and underwent a detailed eye examination including spherical equivalent (SphE) and ocular biometric measurements of @entity3656 ( @entity3656 ), @entity8707 ( @entity8707 ) and @entity2687 ( @entity2687 ). Familial correlations were calculated and h(2) and c(2) were estimated using a variance component model that assumes a multivariate t distribution within each pedigree. Two definitions of common environments (c(2)) were considered: nuclear family (current) shared environment (Model 1) and sib-ship (childhood) shared environment (Model 2). Population ascertainment adjustment was performed using the Blue Mountains eye study dataset. The trends observed for familial correlations suggested that SphE is influenced by both environmental and genetic factors whereas @entity3656 , @entity8707 and @entity2687 are predominantly genetically determined. This was largely confirmed by variance components modelling. Heritability estimates (adjusted for age, sex and years of education) from the best fitting ACE model (Model 2, childhood shared environment) were 0.50 +/- 0.05 for SphE, 0.73 +/- 0.04 for @entity3656 , 0.78 +/- 0.04 for @entity8707 and 0.16 +/- 0.06 for @entity2687 . Childhood environmental effects were significant with c(2) estimated to be 0.33 +/- 0.04 for SphE, 0.06 +/- 0.03 for @entity3656 , 0.22 +/- 0.04 for @entity8707 and 0.10 +/- 0.05 for @entity2687 . Age was associated with SphE, total years of education was associated with @entity3656 and sex was associated with all traits studied. We used a novel and conservative approach to account for and estimate common environmental effects by specifying either nuclear family or sib-ship environment when estimating heritability estimates and showed that all traits examined (SphE, @entity3656 , @entity8707 and @entity2687 ) are heritable, thus reflecting a genetic component. These traits therefore all represent candidates for quantitative trait linkage analyses.

title: Heritability and shared environment estimates for @entity1714 and associated ocular biometric traits: the Genes in XXXX (GEM) family study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity3656 :: ('MESH:D007870', 'Disease') :: ['AL', 'axial length']

entities_list: @entity8707 :: ('MESH:C535679', 'Disease') :: ['ACD', 'anterior chamber depth']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal curvature', 'CC']

entities_list: @entity1714 :: ('MESH:D009216', 'Disease') :: ['Myopia', 'myopia']

answer: @entity1714 :: (MESH:D009216,Disease) :: ['Myopia']


abstract: AIM: @entity2718 @entity281 ( @entity6659 ) may lead to poor outcome in @entity29 ( @entity8787 ) @entity1 . This study was designed to investigate the cumulative incidence, risk factors, and outcome of @entity6659 in @entity1 with @entity8787 in one Chinese single center. METHODS: Clinical features and endoscopic profiles of consecutive @entity8787 @entity1 from RuiJin Hospital between January 2013 and December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. @entity6659 was diagnosed based on the positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based stool test. RESULTS: A total of 260 @entity1 with @entity8787 were enrolled, among whom 176 @entity1 with @entity30 ( @entity30 ) and 84 with @entity31 ( @entity31 ). Thirteen @entity1 (5.0%) were diagnosed with @entity6659 . The incidence of @entity281 was 4.0% in @entity30 (n   =   7) and 7.1% in @entity31 (n   =   6) respectively.The endoscopic feature of @entity8307 was found in 4 @entity8787 - @entity6659 @entity1 (4/12,33.3%), and @entity8307 and deep ulcer were significantly correlated with @entity6659 (p   <   0.001 and p   =   0.006).There was a trend that @entity417 (Hb   <   10   g/dL) might be associated with @entity6659 (p   =   0.043,OR 3.48,95% CI 1.04-11.61). @entity1 in @entity6659 group showed more risk of developing @entity6177 than those in non- @entity6659 group(p   =   0.003,OR 6.09,95% CI 1.8-15.2). CONCLUSIONS: PCR-based fecal screening for @entity6659 should be performed in those @entity8787 @entity1 . @entity417 may be an important risk factor of @entity6659 in @entity8787 . For @entity1 with @entity6659 , antibiotics should be administered promptly to prevent @entity6177 .

title: Risk factors and clinical outcome of @entity2718 @entity281 in @entity1 with XXXX :a Chinese single-center retrospective study of 260 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Anemia', 'anemia']

entities_list: @entity6177 :: ('MESH:D018784', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal abscess']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity8307 :: ('MESH:D004761', 'Disease') :: ['pseudomembrane']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2718 :: ('1496', 'Species') :: ['Clostridium difficile']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity8787 :: (MESH:C535541,Disease) :: ['IBD']


abstract: Beh  et's disease is characterized by recurrent @entity9645 and genitalia and relapsing @entity5890 . It is recognized as a chronic @entity66 affecting the skin, mucous membranes, eye, joints, central nervous system, and blood vessels. About 8% of the @entity1 with Beh  et's disease have severe @entity455 such as @entity438 and @entity432 . In our @entity1 , there was a massive, @entity158 , pulsatile mass on the clavicle on the right side of neck. @entity438 mass was observed on the left apex on a chest X-ray. Through angiography, a lobular giant saccular @entity439 on the proximal side of the right subclavian artery, giant @entity439 on the left subclavian artery, and @entity432 on the left subclavian-axillary artery were observed. We treated first the right and then the left subclavian @entity438 with a two-stage operation. The @entity439 were resected and @entity736 ( @entity736 ) graft interposition was performed. Control angiography was performed 6 months postoperatively. Both grafts were open and there was no anastomotic @entity439 . The @entity1 was reoperated on for a @entity397 13 months after the first operation. The aortic defect was repaired using a Dacron patch.

title: Bilateral subclavian XXXX and @entity397 in Beh  et's disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multisystem disease']

entities_list: @entity9645 :: ('MESH:D019226', 'Disease') :: ['ulcers of the mouth']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured abdominal aorta pseudoaneurysm']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['occlusion']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['PTFE', 'polytetrafluoroethylene']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['arterial aneurysm', 'A left subclavian artery aneurysm']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['arterial aneurysm']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE; Previous work indicated that @entity1 within 1 month of parietal or @entity75 are often abnormally slow or clumsy when using the ipsilateral hand for dexterity tasks. This article reports a 6-month follow-up study to assess recovery and the impact on functional outcome. METHODS: Twenty-four @entity1 (80%) were available for follow-up. They used the ipsilateral hand on a dexterity test that simulated everyday hand function. @entity425 and @entity8378 were also assessed. Performance was compared with that of healthy age-matched control subjects using the same hand. Rating scales for self-care and dexterity in everyday life were completed by @entity1 and carers. RESULTS: Significant recovery had occurred on all measures, but @entity1 with left @entity16 remained impaired on the dexterity test, with 7 @entity1 (58%) scoring below the normal range. Five of these were apraxic. Reports of everyday functioning did not reflect this impairment, but there were inconsistencies in these reports, which raised doubts as to their accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: Ipsilateral dexterity shows recovery during the first 6 months, but there may be persistent impairment related to @entity1742 after left hemisphere @entity64 . It appears that the impact of this on functional outcome is typically small compared with the large effect of severity of contralateral paresis. It may be a significant factor in some cases, however, and direct observation of everyday functioning would be needed to clarify more subtle effects on outcome.

title: Recovery of ipsilateral dexterity after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8378 :: ('MESH:D020240', 'Disease') :: ['ideomotor apraxia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['posterior frontal damage']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['hemisphere damage']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['Weakness']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: Recent reports suggest aortoembolism is an important cause of @entity64 . Although transesophageal echocardiography visualizes the aortic arch, diagnosis of @entity64 is not common. We investigated reasons for this discrepancy at our institution. We reviewed charts and transesophageal echocardiography videotapes of 16 @entity1 with recent @entity385 or transient @entity63 attack who had undergone transesophageal echocardiography. For each @entity1 , we determined the most likely cause of @entity2806 , and we compared the official transesophageal echocardiography report to our interpretation of the videotape. In our videotape review, 13 @entity1 had good visualization of the aortic arch. Of 6 @entity1 with @entity731 in the arch, 1 had high-grade carotid stenosis, 1 had @entity955 , 1 had " @entity6249 ," and 3 had @entity2806 of unknown cause. The official reports did not mention @entity2333 in 4 of 6 @entity1 . A possible cause of @entity2806 was identified in 6 of 7 @entity1 with normal aortic arches. Of 3 @entity1 who had poor visualization of the aortic arch, one had " @entity6249 ," and 2 had @entity385 of unknown cause despite extensive workups. We conclude that @entity2333 is common in @entity1 with @entity385 and transient @entity63 attack and may be a cause of @entity2806 , especially in @entity1 with @entity64 or transient @entity63 attack due to @entity432 or of unknown cause. @entity2333 may not be identified as the cause of @entity64 or transient @entity63 attack because (a) transesophageal echocardiography is not done, (b) transesophageal echocardiography is done but the aortic arch is not visualized, (c) transesophageal echocardiography is done, the aortic arch is visualized, but the examiner does not comment on @entity2333 , or (d) despite transesophageal echocardiography identification of arotic arch disease, the treating physician does not consider the aorta to be a potential source of embolization.

title: Problems in the recognition of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['aortoembolism stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity6249 :: ('MESH:D059345', 'Disease') :: ['small-vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['small-vessel occlusion']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['aortic arch disease', 'Aortic arch disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['aortoembolic stroke']


abstract: AIMS: In healthy @entity1 , brachial artery @entity859 infusion elicits a reflex increase in total body @entity1063 (NE) spillover ( @entity14764 ) that is blunted by oral angiotensin @entity1129 (1) receptor blockade. Our objectives were to determine whether a similar reflex is active in treated @entity712 ( @entity712 ) @entity1 and attenuated by ARB. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this double-blind study, 12 @entity1 with an ejection fraction  <=40% were randomized to 2 weeks of oral @entity1564 up-titrated to 32 mg/day or placebo. Forearm blood flow was measured bilaterally by venous occlusion plethysmography. Total body NE spillover was determined following infusion of tritiated NE. After saline was infused into the non-dominant brachial artery to establish baseline values, @entity859 and @entity1854 (as vasodilator control) were administered in random order. Both caused dose-dependent increases in ipsilateral but not contralateral blood flow. @entity1854 had no @entity14764 effect, whereas @entity859 reduced @entity14764 from 3967 (SD 2362) to 3293 pmol/min (SD 2093) (P = 0.03). This decrease was not augmented in @entity1564 -treated subjects [-1096 (SD 726) vs. -253 pmol/min (SD 1094); placebo vs. @entity1564 ; P = 0.22]. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to healthy @entity1 , in treated @entity712 @entity1 , locally infused @entity859 does not elicit a reflex sympatho-excitatory response mediated by angiotensin @entity1129 (1)-modulated neurotransmission.

title: Reflex systemic sympatho-neural response to brachial XXXX infusion in treated @entity712 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitroprusside', 'nitroprusside']

entities_list: @entity1564 :: ('MESH:C081643', 'Chemical') :: ['candesartan']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity859 :: (MESH:D000241,Chemical) :: ['adenosine']