abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity483 is a chronic @entity272 with increasing prevalence worldwide and a considerable burden especially among @entity1 . To circumvent the problems related to oral @entity500 ( @entity9612 ) we aimed to evaluate its topical variant and assess its efficacy in @entity1 aged 2-18. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a single-blind trial, we randomized the @entity1 into two groups, one treated with topical emollient containing @entity9612 and @entity5935 (BM), and the other treated solely with topical emollient of BM. The treatments were administered twice a day for 8 weeks in both groups. The efficacy, recurrence, and the presence of side effects were evaluated using SPSS 20. RESULTS: The amount of reduction in severity scoring for @entity483 (SCORAD) score was significantly greater in the group treated with the topical @entity9612 (P = 0.024). Incidentally, there were no difference between two treatments in difference in proportions of recurrence and adverse effects as well as SCORAD reduction in subgroups of sex and age (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed the superiority of topical @entity9612 over BM with a low recurrence and adverse effects. No expectation of severe side effects, like those of oral @entity9612 , is the major advantage of topical @entity9612 . The sample size was an issue in uncovering the value of @entity9612 in the subgroups. Conducting prolonged studies of quality-of-life and comparing the topical @entity9612 potency relative to the common alternatives are recommended areas of future work.

title: Efficacy of topical @entity500 and @entity5935 versus @entity5935 -only emollient cream in 2-18 years old @entity1 with moderate-to-severe XXXX : A randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis', 'Atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity5935 :: ('MESH:D001623', 'Chemical') :: ['betamethasone']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin disease']

answer: @entity483 :: (MESH:D003876,Disease) :: ['atopic dermatitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study factors associated with @entity137 , final dose, and efficacy of @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ). METHODS: Data were used from a randomised clinical 48 week trial on 411 @entity1 with @entity309 all treated with @entity1500 , comparing folates and placebo. Logistic regression was used to study the relation between baseline variables and various dependent factors, including hepatotoxicity ( @entity493 aminotransferase >/=3 x upper limit of normal), @entity1500 withdrawal, final @entity1500 dose >/=15 mg/week, and @entity1500 efficacy. RESULTS: Addition of folates to @entity1500 treatment was strongly related to the lack of hepatotoxicity. Next to this, high body mass index was related to the occurrence of hepatotoxicity. Prior gastrointestinal (GI) events and younger age were related to the adverse event, @entity294 . Hepatotoxicity and GI adverse events were the main reason for @entity1500 withdrawal, which in turn was associated with the absence of @entity1501 supplementation, body mass index, prior GI events, and female sex. Renal function ( @entity1011 clearance >/=50 ml/min) was not associated with @entity137 . Reaching a final dose of @entity1500 of >/=15 mg/week was related to @entity1501 supplementation and the absence of prior GI events. Efficacy of @entity1500 treatment was associated with low disease activity at baseline, male sex, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and lower @entity1011 clearance. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1500 @entity137 , final dose, and efficacy are influenced by @entity1501 supplementation. Baseline characteristics predicting the outcome of @entity1500 treatment are mainly prior GI events, body mass index, sex, use of NSAIDs, and @entity1011 clearance.

title: Factors associated with @entity137 , final dose, and efficacy of XXXX in @entity1 with @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A @entity1 in his 50s presented to a rural Australian emergency department with complete unilateral @entity393 following transurethral resection of the prostate. His hearing impairment progressed from 'muffled hearing' with @entity392 on emergence from anaesthesia, to total @entity1274 by day three. His surgery and anaesthesia were uncomplicated and he had remained normotensive throughout. He had no pre-existing @entity2167 . He had received 240   mg of intravenous @entity801 intraoperatively for surgical prophylaxis. Renal function was normal. Brain imaging was negative for structural pathology, @entity64 and circulatory insufficiency. Ear nose and throat advised 7   days of oral @entity288 , transtympanic @entity619 and hyperbaric @entity26 therapy. A working diagnosis of @entity801 -induced @entity2167 was applied. Intervention has proven unsuccessful and there is no possibility for rehabilitation. The @entity1 is permanently disabled.

title: XXXX following routine transurethral resection of the prostate.

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['auditory disease', 'ototoxicity']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural deafness']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1274 :: (MESH:D006319,Disease) :: ['Sensorineural deafness']


abstract: A collaborative study on the laboratory diagnosis of @entity11738 was carried out in three laboratories. A standardized @entity465 ( @entity465 ) test with chlamydial (bedsonial) group antigen was found to be highly reproducible. The results obtained by different laboratories using the method and reagents suggested by the WHO International Reference Centre for @entity11738 and other @entity281 agreed in more than 95% of the tests. Similar agreement was observed between the results obtained with these reagents and those routinely used in one of these laboratories. In confirmation of previous studies, the @entity465 test was found to give positive results in only a limited proportion of @entity11738 cases. However, in an area where the disease is hyperendemic the rates showed good correlation with the intensity of clinical signs. A comparison was also made between Giemsa staining and a fluorescent antibody (FA) technique for the cytological examination of conjunctival scrapings. The results obtained with the former method correlated well with clinical activity but the positivity rate was lower than that obtained by the FA technique. The FA results, however, were not an accurate indicator of clinical intensity. These results suggest that the Giemsa method may detect only the most heavily infected individuals.

title: Laboratory diagnosis of XXXX : a collaborative study.

entities_list: @entity11738 :: ('MESH:D014141', 'Disease') :: ['trachoma', 'Trachoma']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Chlamydial Infections']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['complement fixation', 'CF']

answer: @entity11738 :: (MESH:D014141,Disease) :: ['trachoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To demonstrate the value of ophthalmic endoscopy in treating @entity1 with severe vision-threatening @entity3225 in whom visualization through the anterior ocular structures is compromised. METHOD: In this retrospective study of @entity1 with @entity3225 operated on with the use of an endoscope between 1997 and 2003, demographics, cause of @entity3225 , @entity227 , comorbid factors, complications, intraoperative retinal appearance, etiology, and additional procedures required were recorded. RESULTS: Fifteen @entity1 were included. A variety of causes were observed: @entity3225 (n=3), penetrating @entity130 (n=2), post- @entity231 extraction (n=7), @entity281 (n=2), and post-retinal detachment surgery (n=1). Six-month follow-up is reported. Positive cultures were obtained in all but one case. Several @entity1 had @entity146 pathogenic organisms. Eight @entity1 retained useful vision. Six of eight @entity1 without @entity7592 by endoscopic examination had improved vision, with final visual acuity varying between counting fingers and 20/20. Only 1 of 6 @entity1 with @entity7592 retained useful vision at 20/50. CONCLUSION: The ophthalmic endoscope aids in performing safe, diagnostic, and therapeutic vitrectomy in @entity3225 . Prognosis is dependent on preoperative visual acuity and retinal appearance seen at the time of endoscopic surgery.

title: Managing severe XXXX with the use of an endoscope.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['preoperative and postoperative vision']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['bleb infections']

entities_list: @entity7592 :: ('MESH:D015882', 'Disease') :: ['retinal necrosis']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis', 'endogenous endophthalmitis']

answer: @entity3225 :: (MESH:D009877,Disease) :: ['endophthalmitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The provision of 'adequate @entity1337 ' (which reduces the @entity158 score by >= 2 and to <4 [0-10 scale]) is significantly associated with high levels of satisfaction with @entity158 management among adult @entity1 . We aimed to determine the variables (including 'adequate @entity1337 ') associated with parent satisfaction with their @entity1 's @entity158 management. METHODS: We undertook an observational, pilot study in a mixed, metropolitan ED. @entity1 aged 4-16 years with a triage @entity158 score of >= 4 were enrolled. Data included demographics, presenting complaint, @entity158 scores every 30 min, @entity1337 administered, time to first @entity1337 , provision of nurse-initiated @entity1337 (NIA), and 'adequate @entity1337 ', and parent satisfaction 48-h post-discharge (6 point scale: very unsatisfied - very satisfied). RESULTS: Complete data were collected on 185 @entity1 : mean (SD) age 10.4 (3.6)   years, weight 41.9 (17.8)   kg; 93 (50.3%) were male. One hundred and ten (59.4%) parents were very satisfied with their @entity1 's @entity158 management. @entity1 of very satisfied parents had shorter times to @entity1337 than those who did not (median [interquartile range] 14 (33) vs 33 (46) min, respectively, P   =   0.003). Parents whose @entity1 received NIA or 'adequate @entity1337 ' were more often very satisfied than those whose @entity1 did not. However, the differences were not significant (difference in proportions: 13.2% [95% CI -1.9, 28.3], P   =   0.07 and 10.2% [95% CI -5.02, 25.34], P   =   0.16, respectively). CONCLUSION: Short times to @entity1337 are associated with parent satisfaction. There were non-significant trends towards high levels of satisfaction following the provision of NIA and 'adequate @entity1337 '. These findings will inform a well-powered study to confirm this association.

title: Variables associated with parent satisfaction with their XXXX 's @entity158 management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['child']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown that cultured skin fibroblasts from @entity1 with @entity2316 ( @entity2316 ) exhibit a @entity5072 growth phenotype. Increased DNA synthesis in cells from @entity1 with @entity2316 may ultimately involve alterations in cell cycle regulatory proteins. @entity986 protein is a member of @entity986 family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, which plays an important role in cell cycle regulation. In this study, we examined the correlation between @entity986 protein expression in cultured dermal fibroblasts from type 1 @entity6 @entity1 and the presence of @entity2316 . METHOD: Western blot analysis was performed to compare @entity986 protein expression in skin fibroblasts from @entity1 with @entity2316 as compared to control subjects, @entity6 @entity1 without @entity2316 , and nondiabetic @entity1 with @entity8 . Transcriptional regulation of the @entity986 gene was assessed using competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Methylation status of the promoter region of @entity986 was examined using methylation-specific PCR, and we used single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP)-PCR to assess @entity986 single-nucleotide polymorphism. RESULTS: Cells from @entity6 @entity1 with @entity2316 had nondetectable to significantly lower protein expression of @entity986 . Similarly, mRNA expression of @entity986 was significantly lower in @entity6 @entity1 with @entity2316 . No hypermethylation of @entity986 gene was detected, and no abnormal migrating bands were noticed on SSCP-PCR analysis in cells from @entity1 with @entity2316 . CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that cells from @entity1 with @entity2316 exhibit significantly lower protein and mRNA expression of @entity986 . This study could have not only important implications for the understanding of the pathogenesis of @entity2316 , but also the absence of @entity986 may ultimately serve as an early marker for @entity2316 .

title: Epigenetic and genetic analysis of @entity986 in dermal fibroblasts from type 1 XXXX @entity1 with @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy', 'DN']

entities_list: @entity5072 :: ('MESH:D000796', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplastic']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: We reviewed 87 @entity1 with @entity99 who were admitted to King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, from January 1995 to December 1999; 76% of them had sustained blunt @entity130 and 24% penetrating @entity130 . Their injury severity scores (ISS) ranged from 4 to 57 (mean 20.94+/-12.8); 50% of them were in shock on arrival; 8.1, 28.7, 25.3, 19.5, and 18.4% suffered from @entity99 graded I, II, III, IV, and V, respectively. Seventeen @entity1 (19.5%) were successfully managed non-operatively; three of them underwent hepatic angiography, which in two revealed leakage of contrast medium from the right hepatic artery; both were successfully treated by embolization. One @entity1 had bile leakage and collection, which was successfully treated by ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage. Seventy @entity1 (80.5%) underwent exploratory laparotomy; nine of them died in the operating room. Of the remaining 61 who left the operating room alive, 21 had perihepatic packing, which was frequently used in those with injuries to segments V, VI, VII, and @entity797 (Couinaud's nomenclature). Eight @entity1 who had packing and one who had not died in the postoperative period. Two @entity1 who had packing underwent subsequent hepatic angiography with embolization before successful pack removal. The overall mortality was 20.7%. The mortality in complex @entity99 (grades IV and V) was 13 out of 33 (39.4%). We believe that non-operative management should be considered in haemodynamically stable @entity1 . Angiography with embolization is invaluable in improving outcome in both non-operative and operative @entity1 . Perihepatic packing is life-saving in complex @entity99 that cannot be effectively treated by simple surgical procedures. Finally, ultrasound- or CT-guided percutaneous drainage of bile leakage or collections spared a number of @entity1 from open and complicated surgery.

title: A multidisciplinary approach in the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic injuries']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic injuries']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the technique, timing, and outcomes of the @entity726 drainage device in eyes with the modified osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis (MOOKP) and the role of an additional stage 1A to the Rome-Vienna protocol. DESIGN: Retrospective interventional case series. METHODS: Case records of 22 eyes of 20 @entity1 with high intraocular pressure at various stages of the MOOKP procedure performed in 85 eyes of 82 @entity1 were studied. Stage 1A, which includes total iridodialysis, intracapsular @entity231 extraction, and anterior vitrectomy, was done in all eyes as the primary stage. RESULTS: Seventeen @entity726 drainage devices were implanted in 15 eyes of 14 @entity1 ( @entity130 in 9 [10 eyes] and @entity6715 in 5 @entity1 ). Implantation was performed during and after stage 1A in 2 and 7 eyes, respectively, after stage 1B+1C in 1 eye, and after stage 2 in 6 eyes. Eleven of 15 eyes (73.3%) remained stable with adequate control of intraocular pressure over a mean follow-up period of 33.68  months (1-90  months). Complications related to the drainage device were @entity735 . CONCLUSION: It is ideal to place the @entity726 drainage device prior to the mucosal graft when the anatomy of the ocular surface is least altered with best outcomes. The technique of placement of the drainage device during the various stages of the MOOKP procedure has been described. The intraocular pressure stabilized in three quarters of the eyes with pre-existing @entity726 .

title: @entity726 in Modified Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis Eyes: Role of Additional Stage 1A and XXXX Drainage Device-Technique and Timing.

entities_list: @entity6715 :: ('MESH:D013262', 'Disease') :: ['Stevens-Johnson syndrome']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['Ahmed glaucoma', 'glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['hypotony in 1 eye and vitreous block of the tube in 1 eye']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['chemical injury']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['Ahmed Glaucoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To obtain information on the presenting symptoms, location, sex distribution, age, endoscopic appearance, histopathology, suitable treatment and recurrence of @entity652 , a rare, benign lesion of the urinary tract mucosa. @entity1 AND METHODS: The records of 31 @entity1 with @entity652 diagnosed at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital between 1980 and 1996 were reviewed to determine the symptomatology, imaging investigations, endoscopic presentation, clinical outcome after resection and the frequency of recurrence. RESULTS: The lesions were found in the urinary bladder, bulbar urethra, urethral diverticula and the prostatic urethra. Eight @entity1 presented with haematuria, 13 complained of urinary frequency and @entity2336 and in 12 @entity1 without subjective symptoms from the urinary tract, the lesion was found accidentally. Twenty-seven of the @entity1 had a history of previous urothelial trauma, either by instrumentation or @entity32 . Seventeen of the lesions were polypoid at endoscopy, the remainder being flat except for two cases, in which they were not noted because they were concealed in another lesion to be resected. Seven @entity1 had one or more recurrences. All @entity1 with symptoms responded well to transurethral resection. CONCLUSION: @entity652 mimics @entity5 or @entity2335 and it is rarely suspected on clinical grounds; instead, the diagnosis is almost always histological. This study supports the view that @entity652 may represent a metaplastic response to trauma of the urothelium and that transurethral resection provides a good method of relieving the symptoms in symptomatic @entity652 .

title: XXXX --a study with special reference to clinical presentation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity2336 :: ('MESH:D018856', 'Disease') :: ['bladder pain']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['nephrogenic adenoma', 'Nephrogenic adenoma']

entities_list: @entity2335 :: ('MESH:D003556', 'Disease') :: ['chronic cystitis']

answer: @entity652 :: (MESH:D000236,Disease) :: ['Nephrogenic adenoma']


abstract: A selection experiment utilizing @entity5872 was initiated to study the genetic relationship of growth and reproduction traits. In this study, lines were selected for increased ( @entity4306 line) and decreased (LP line) total plasma @entity3151 at the beginning of lay. The @entity4306 and LP lines were derived from a randombred control population (R1 line) that was maintained with the selected lines to remove environmental variation over generations. During the course of selection, it was observed that blood from @entity4306 line females was more viscous than that of the LP and R1 females. In later generations of selection, mortality of females during a 120-d egg production period was higher in the @entity4306 line than in the LP and R1 lines. The purpose of this experiment was to identify possible factors contributing to the increased mortality in the @entity4306 line. Fearfulness, as measured by tonic immobility, was greater in the @entity4306 and LP lines than in the R1 line. Indirect blood pressure measurements were made near the beginning and near the end of the 120-d egg production period. No significant line differences were observed in either measurement. Weight of the heart at the end of the laying period was higher in the @entity4306 and LP lines than in the R1 line. Histological study of the hearts of the @entity4306 and R1 lines indicated significant @entity4306 line in collagen content of the coronary arteries and in @entity296 . The data suggest that the increased mortality of females of the @entity4306 line relative to the R1 line during the laying period may be related to increased fearfulness and changes in the coronary structure leading to @entity299 .

title: The effect of divergent selection for total plasma XXXX in @entity5872 on fearfulness and selected blood and heart parameters.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity4306 :: ('MESH:C537262', 'Disease') :: ['increases in the HP', 'HP']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity5872 :: ('93934', 'Species') :: ['Japanese quail']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

answer: @entity3151 :: (MESH:D010758,Chemical) :: ['phosphorus']


abstract: @entity2227 ( @entity367 ) is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. The role of peripheral @entity367 and @entity367 receptors (GluRs) in nociceptive transmission is, however, still unclear. In the present study, we examined @entity367 levels released in the subcutaneous perfusate of the @entity35 hind instep using a microdialysis catheter and the thermal withdrawal latency using the Plantar Test following injection of drugs associated with GluRs with/without @entity2951 into the hindpaw. The injection of @entity2951 into the @entity35 hind instep caused an increase of @entity367 level in the s.c. perfusate. @entity2951 also significantly decreased withdrawal latency to irradiation. These effects of @entity2951 were inhibited by pretreatment with @entity4413 , a @entity5510 ( @entity5510 ) competitive antagonist. @entity2951 -induced @entity367 release was also suppressed by combination with each antagonist of ionotropic GluRs (iGluRs: @entity143 / @entity140 receptors) and group I metabotropic GluR (mGluR), but not group II and group III mGluRs. Furthermore, these GluRs antagonists showed remarkable inhibition against @entity2951 -induced thermal @entity1931 . These results suggest that @entity367 is released from the peripheral endings of small-diameter afferent fibers by noxious stimulation and then activates peripheral iGluRs and group I mGluR in development and/or maintenance of nociception. Furthermore, the activation of peripheral @entity143 / @entity140 receptors and group I mGluR may be important in mechanisms whereby @entity2951 evokes nociceptive responses.

title: @entity2951 -induced XXXX release is implicated in nociceptive processing through activation of ionotropic @entity2227 receptors and group I metabotropic @entity2227 receptor in primary afferent fibers.

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['Glutamate']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity2951 :: ('MESH:D002211', 'Chemical') :: ['Capsaicin', 'capsaicin']

entities_list: @entity4413 :: ('MESH:C071423', 'Chemical') :: ['capsazepine']

entities_list: @entity5510 :: ('83810(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1', 'TRPV1']

answer: @entity2227 :: (CHEBI:29987,Chemical) :: ['glutamate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity510 ( @entity510 ) during pregnancy represents an important cause of maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. Approaches to diagnostics and treatment are still controversial and there are only a limited number of cases described in the literature. Our study examines the management of @entity510 in pregnant @entity1 creating a case series by combining @entity1 from our hospital records with those from the limited available literature. METHODS: Data collected from Addenbrooke's Hospital records and cases published between January 1995 and January 2015 were studied. Chi-squared test, exact Fisher's test, and chi-squared test for trend were used for analyzing categorical data, whilst t-test and U Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for continuous data. RESULTS: 52 @entity1 were included. The mean age was 31.47  5.80 and most @entity1 were in their third trimester. A univariate pooled data analysis suggested that the maternal outcome may depend on mother's age, mother's Hunt and Hess score and Glasgow @entity772 Scale at arrival, treatment modality for the @entity439 , mode and timing of delivery. However, at the multivariate analysis only the presence of general complications resulted to significantly impact on maternal outcome. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1756 in pregnant @entity1 with @entity510 may be safely secured in a timely manner. The diagnostic and treatment strategy for each of these @entity1 should consider peculiar maternal and obstetric factors and requires a multidisciplinary assessment involving obstetrics, neurosurgeons and intensivists. Considering the observed statistical power of our series, our findings should be taken with caution and should be supported by further systematic data collection.

title: XXXX in Pregnancy - case series, review and pooled data analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage', 'aSAH']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['Ruptured aneurysms']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage']


abstract: PURPOSE: The identification of @entity5 pathologic characteristics is an important part of @entity0 diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment planning but currently requires biopsy as its standard. Here, we investigated a noninvasive quantitative ultrasound method for the characterization of @entity0 in terms of their histologic grade, which can be used with clinical diagnostic ultrasound data. METHODS: Tumors of 57 locally advanced @entity0 @entity1 were analyzed as part of this study. Seven quantitative ultrasound parameters were determined from each @entity5 region from the radiofrequency data, including mid-band fit, spectral slope, 0-MHz intercept, scatterer spacing, attenuation coefficient estimate, average scatterer diameter, and average acoustic concentration. Parametric maps were generated corresponding to the region of interest, from which four textural features, including contrast, energy, homogeneity, and correlation, were @entity5 characterization parameters. Data were examined on the basis of @entity5 subtypes based on histologic grade (grade I versus grade II to III). RESULTS: Linear discriminant analysis of the means of the parametric maps resulted in classification accuracy of 79%. On the other hand, the linear combination of the texture features of the parametric maps resulted in classification accuracy of 82%. Finally, when both the means and textures of the parametric maps were combined, the best classification accuracy was obtained (86%). CONCLUSIONS: Textural characteristics of quantitative ultrasound spectral parametric maps provided discriminant information about different types of @entity0 . The use of texture features significantly improved the results of ultrasonic @entity5 characterization compared to conventional mean values. Thus, this study suggests that texture-based quantitative ultrasound analysis of in vivo @entity0 can provide @entity5 histologic characteristics.

title: Noninvasive characterization of locally advanced XXXX using textural analysis of quantitative ultrasound parametric images.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'determined as further tumor', 'complementary diagnostic information about tumor']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast tumors']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about the quality of life of @entity1 who are allergic to insect venom. This fact is due to the lack of specific instruments assessing the interaction of type 1 @entity566 and its psychological burden. @entity1 AND METHODS: The only established questionnaire on health-related quality-of-life in @entity1 with wasp venom @entity566 is the "Vespid Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire" (VQLQ). This questionnaire was translated from Dutch into German and validated with 79 @entity1 with wasp venom @entity566 , including the use of the well-established general quality-of-life questionnaire WHOQOL-BREF. RESULTS: In the German version VQLQ-d we could reproduce the validity and reliability of the original Dutch version. Cronbach's alpha of the VQLQ-d was a= 0.95. The results of the VQLQ-d corresponded to the total score of the WHOQOL-BREF. CONCLUSION: The VQLQ-d enables measurement of quality-of-life in @entity1 with wasp venom @entity566 in the German-speaking population. This economic tool makes it possible to better describe and treat affected @entity1 . Furthermore, it can be used to advance research in this field.

title: Quality-of-life in wasp venom XXXX - validation of the German version of the "Vespid Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire" (VQLQ-d).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergies', 'allergy']

answer: @entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['allergy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT Frequent complications of posterolateral instrumented fusion have been reported after treatment of @entity179 in elderly @entity1 . Considering that in some cases, most of the symptomatology of @entity179 ( @entity179 ) is a consequence of the segmental instability at the dislocated level, the use of minimally invasive anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) to manage symptoms can be advocated to reduce surgical morbidity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the midterm outcomes of 1- or 2-level minimally invasive ALIFs in @entity179 @entity1 with 1- or 2-level dislocations. METHODS A total of 47 @entity1 (average age 64 years; range 43-80 years) with 1- or 2-level ALIF performed for @entity179 (64 levels) in a single institution were included in the study. An independent spine surgeon retrospectively reviewed all the @entity1 ' medical records and radiographs to assess operative data and surgery-related complications. Clinical outcome was reported using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the visual analog scale (VAS) for lumbar and leg @entity158 . Intraoperative data and complications were collected. Fusion and risk for adjacent-level degeneration were assessed. RESULTS The mean follow-up duration was 3 years (range 1-10 years). @entity615 VAS scores were significantly improved at last follow-up. A majority of @entity1 (74%) had a statistically significant improvement in their ODI score of more than 20 points at latest follow-up and 1 had a worsening of his disability. The mean operating time was 166 minutes (range 70-355 minutes). The mean estimated @entity190 was 410 ml (range 50-1700 ml). Six (5 major and 1 minor) surgical complications (12.7% of @entity1 ) and 13 (2 major and 11 minor) medical complications (27.7% of @entity1 ) occurred without @entity204 or wound @entity281 . Fusion was achieved in 46 of 47 @entity1 . Surgery resulted in a slight but significant decrease of the Cobb angle, and improved the pelvic parameters and @entity1515 , but had no effect on the global sagittal balance. At latest follow-up, 9 @entity1 (19.1%) developed adjacent-segment disease at a mean of 2 years' delay from the index surgery; 4 were symptomatic but treated medically, and none required iterative surgery. CONCLUSIONS Single- or 2-level minimally invasive fusion through a minimally invasive anterior approach in some selected cases of @entity179 produced a good functional outcome with a high fusion rate. They were associated with a significantly lower rate of complications in this study than the historical control.

title: Minimally invasive anterior lumbar interbody fusion for XXXX with 1 or 2 dislocated levels.

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['ODI, and back and leg pain']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1515 :: ('MESH:D008141', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar lordosis']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['adult degenerative scoliosis', 'ADS', 'degenerative scoliosis']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['adult degenerative scoliosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the difference in the efficacy between acupuncture and oral administration of @entity3346 and the expressions of neurotransmitters in @entity1 of @entity22 differentiated as liver stagnation transforming into fire. METHODS: Seventy @entity1 of @entity22 differentiated as liver stagnation transforming into fire were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 35 cases in each one. In the observation group, acupuncture therapy was adopted at Shenmen (HT 7), Baihui (GV 20), Yintang (GV 29), Hegu ( @entity9154 ), Taichong ( @entity8950 ), etc. The needles were retained for 20 min each time. The treatment was given once a day, the treatment of 2 weeks made one session. In the control group, @entity3346 , 100 mg, oral administration, once a day, the treatment of 2 weeks made one session. Two sessions were required in the two groups. The scores in Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Asberg rating scale for side effects (SERS), the levels of neurotransmitters such as @entity750 ( @entity750 ) and @entity1063 (NE) and the expressions of @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ) and @entity2252 ( @entity2252 ) in peripheral blood were observed before and after treatment in the two groups. RESULTS: PSQI score and SERS score after treatment were all decreased compared with those in both groups before treatment (both P<0. 05). After treatment, PSQI score and SERS score in the observation group were lower apparently than those in the control group (both P<0. 05). After treatment NE content and @entity7131 level were decreased; @entity750 content and @entity2252 mRNA were increased compared with those in both groups before treatment (all P<0. 05). NE content and @entity7131 level in the observation group were lower apparently than those in the control group (both P<0. 05). The serum @entity750 content and @entity2252 mRNA expression in the observation group were higher than those in the control group separately (both P<0. 05). CONCLUSION: Acupuncture therapy improves the sleeping quality of @entity1 of @entity22 differentiated as liver stagnation transforming into fire, and reduces serum NE level and increases @entity750 content and @entity2252 expression, which achieves the better efficacy as compared with the oral administration of @entity3346 . It is one of the effective approaches to the treatment of @entity22 differentiated as liver stagnation transforming into fire.

title: [Expressions of neurotransmitters in @entity1 of XXXX differentiated as liver stagnation transforming into fire treated with acupuncture].

entities_list: @entity3346 :: ('MESH:D014196', 'Chemical') :: ['trazodone']

entities_list: @entity7131 :: ('MESH:D020151', 'Disease') :: ['protein kinase C', 'PKC']

entities_list: @entity2252 :: ('627', 'Gene') :: ['brain-derived neurotrophic factor', 'BDNF']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxy tryptamine', '5-HT']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity22 :: (MESH:D007319,Disease) :: ['insomnia']


abstract: @entity1 intestinal trefoil factor ( @entity3561 ) is a small @entity462 -rich protein expressed in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Its sequence is related to that of other trefoil peptides including the @entity3559 / @entity3559 protein, which is regulated by @entity2931 in @entity0 . This study was designed to investigate whether @entity3561 is expressed in @entity1 @entity189 cells. cDNA was obtained by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of gastric mucosal RNA and sequenced, establishing that this mRNA is expressed in the stomach. Expression of @entity3561 was detected in a proportion of cell lines derived from @entity5 of the GI tract, in @entity157 cells, and at highest levels in a @entity151 cell line. Amongst @entity0 cell lines, it was expressed in all the @entity2931 -responsive but in none of the @entity2931 -nonresponsive @entity0 cell lines. The possibility that @entity3561 expression in breast cells is controlled by @entity53 was then tested. @entity53 treatment increased @entity3561 expression between three- and ten-fold in the @entity2931 -responsive @entity0 cell lines, demonstrating that, like @entity3559 / @entity3559 , @entity3561 is regulated by @entity2931 in @entity0 cells. @entity440 inhibited the induction of @entity3561 expression by @entity53 but @entity440 alone was a partial @entity2931 agonist for @entity3561 expression. These results show that @entity3561 is expressed, sometimes ectopically, in several @entity1 @entity5 , which suggests that trefoil peptides may have a more general role in tumourigenesis than hitherto appreciated. That the expression of @entity3561 is regulated by @entity2931 in @entity0 cells suggests that @entity3561 expression may provide a novel marker for @entity2931 responsiveness in @entity0 .

title: Expression of @entity1 intestinal trefoil factor in malignant cells and its regulation by XXXX in @entity0 cells.

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen', 'Tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['oestradiol', 'Oestradiol']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung carcinoma']

answer: @entity2931 :: (CHEBI:50114,Chemical) :: ['oestrogen']


abstract: @entity281 is very common during childhood and few @entity1 develop complications. The most frequent complications are @entity2348 , @entity7552 and @entity55 . In the nervous system it can produce @entity198 and @entity14235 . We describe a case of primary @entity6079 induced @entity5925 in a 5-year-old @entity1 with @entity1032 , microcephalia and mild @entity306 who, in the context of @entity281 , presented extreme @entity425 and prostration. Blood and urine tests showed high @entity908 phosphokinase concentrations and @entity9958 . The @entity1 received aggressive intravenous hydration. Evolution was favorable with no @entity177 . @entity5925 can produce life-threatening complications such as @entity177 , @entity5642 and hyperkaliemia. The disease can be precipitated by @entity167 ingestion, compression injury and generalized @entity410 . Infectious etiology is less common. Few reports have been published on primary @entity6079 induced @entity5925 but, because @entity908 phosphokinase concentrations are not routinely performed in @entity281 , very mild cases might have been under-diagnosed. Despite its rarity, this disease should be considered in cases of @entity281 , since early treatment with hyperhydration can prevent complications.

title: [Varicella induced XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'girl', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7552 :: ('MESH:D007827', 'Disease') :: ['laryngitis']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['varicella pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection of the lesions']

entities_list: @entity14235 :: ('MESH:D016870', 'Disease') :: ['especially cerebellitis']

entities_list: @entity6079 :: ('MESH:D020804', 'Disease') :: ['varicella-zoster']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscular weakness']

entities_list: @entity9958 :: ('MESH:D009212', 'Disease') :: ['myoglobinuria']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'varicella infection', 'Primary varicella-zoster infection']

entities_list: @entity5925 :: ('MESH:D012206', 'Disease') :: ['Rhabdomyolysis', 'rhabdomyolysis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['intravascular disseminated coagulation']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['diplegia']

answer: @entity5925 :: (MESH:D012206,Disease) :: ['rhabdomyolysis']


abstract: More than half of the nursing home population is incontinent of urine or feces, presenting challenges to perineal skin health. To determine the occurrence and severity of @entity272 in nursing home residents with @entity322 , a secondary analysis of data collected from a multisite, open-label, quasi-experimental study of cost and efficacy of four regimens for preventing @entity322 -associated @entity1909 in nursing home residents was performed. Sixteen randomly selected nursing homes from across the US were included in the study. Participating nursing home residents were @entity272 . Of the 1,918 @entity1 screened, 51% (n = 981) qualified for prospective surveillance. Perineal skin was assessed over a 6-week period; frequency, type, and severity of @entity272 were observed. Skin damage developed after a median of 13 (range 6 to 42) days in 45 out of 981 residents (4.6%), of which 3.4% was determined to be @entity322 -associated @entity1909 . Some residents (14 out of 45, 31%) had @entity322 -associated @entity272 in more than one area. This study is one of the first to report the characteristics of @entity322 -associated @entity1909 in a large sample of nursing home residents. The sample size and random selection of nursing homes impart generalizability to the findings. Incontinence-associated @entity1909 is a risk in nursing home residents, especially those with @entity1241 . These findings suggest that the rate and severity of @entity322 -associated @entity1909 are low with close monitoring and use of a defined skin care regimen that includes a pH-balanced cleanser and moisture barrier.

title: Incontinence-associated XXXX in nursing home residents: a secondary analysis of a prospective, multicenter study.

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['incontinent of urine and/or feces and free of skin damage', 'skin damage', 'dermatitis of other skin damage']

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['fecal incontinence']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['skin damage']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: There is little evidence that cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) alone may lead to the resuscitation of @entity1167 victims with other than respiratory causes (eg, pediatric arrest, drowning, @entity1445 ). The objective of this study was to identify out-of-hospital @entity1167 or advanced cardiac life support. METHODS: This observational cohort included all adult survivors of out-of-hospital @entity1167 of a cardiac cause from phases I and II of the Ontario Prehospital Advanced Life Support Study. During the study period, the system provided a basic life support/defibrillation level of care but no advanced life support. CPR-only @entity1 were @entity1 determined to be without vital signs by EMS personnel who regained a palpable pulse in the field with precordial thump or CPR only and then were admitted alive to the hospital. Six members of a 7-member expert review panel had to rate the @entity1 as either probably or definitely having an out-of-hospital @entity1167 , and a rhythm strip consistent with a @entity1167 had to be present to be considered a @entity1 . Criteria considered were witness status, citizen or first responder CPR, CPR duration, arrest rhythm and rate, and performance of precordial thump. RESULTS: From January 1, 1991, to June 30, 1997, 9,667 @entity1 with out-of-hospital @entity1167 were treated. The overall survival rate to hospital discharge was 4.6%. There were 97 apparent CPR-only @entity1 admitted to the hospital. Application of the inclusion criteria yielded 24 CPR-only @entity1 who had true out-of-hospital @entity1167 and 73 @entity1 judged not to have @entity1167 . Of the 24 true CPR-only @entity1 admitted to the hospital, 15 @entity1 were discharged alive, 10 @entity1 were witnessed by bystanders, and 7 @entity1 were witnessed by EMS personnel. The initial arrest rhythm was pulseless electrical activity in 9 @entity1 , @entity1167 in 12 @entity1 , and @entity1165 in 3 @entity1 . One @entity1 with @entity1165 converted to @entity7129 with a single precordial thump. CONCLUSION: CPR-only survivors of true out-of-hospital @entity1167 do exist; some victims of out-of-hospital @entity1167 of primary cardiac cause can survive after provision of out-of-hospital basic life support care only. However, many @entity1 found to be pulseless by means of out-of-hospital evaluation likely did not have a true @entity1167 . This has implications for the survival rates of most, if not all, previous @entity1167 reports. Survival rates from @entity1167 may actually be lower if one excludes survivors who never had a true arrest. The absence of vital signs by out-of-hospital assessment alone is not adequate to include @entity1 in research reports or quality evaluations for @entity1167 .

title: CPR-only survivors of out-of-hospital @entity1167 : implications for out-of-hospital care and XXXX research methodology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest', 'asystole', 'cardiac arrest survivors resuscitated without defibrillation', 'cardiac arrest rhythm']

entities_list: @entity7129 :: ('MESH:D013616', 'Disease') :: ['sinus tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1445 :: ('MESH:D062787', 'Disease') :: ['drug overdose']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 1084 Background: @entity5345 -associated @entity0 have pathologic features and biologic behavior that are distinct from @entity0 while @entity2674 @entity5 are indistinguishable. Comparative survival studies have reported conflicting results and recent studies suggest relative resistance to @entity3907 -based chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity5345 mutations. To determine if there are differences in long-term outcomes for @entity5345 , @entity2674 and high-risk non-carriers with @entity0 based on adjuvant therapy received, we conducted a retrospective analysis in US and Italian @entity1 . METHODS: @entity1 diagnosed with @entity0 between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 2008 were identified at the University of Chicago Cancer Risk Clinic and the Veneto Institute of Oncology in Padua. There were 80 @entity5345 carriers, 78 @entity2674 carriers and 177 high-risk non-carriers ascertained within the same time period. End points were @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) by type of adjuvant chemotherapy received. Hazard Ratios (HR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) were calculated from Cox proportional hazard models. A multivariate analysis was used to adjust for year at diagnosis, stage, grade and @entity1782 (ER) status. RESULTS: The median follow up was 4.98 (0.03-18.9). The @entity1349 -adjusted hazard ratios were not significantly different among mutation carriers and non-carriers (HR among @entity5345 carriers, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.21 to 1.31; HR among @entity2674 carriers, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.31 to 1.48; P=0.326). The @entity1349 -adjusted hazard ratios were not significantly different (HR among @entity5345 carriers, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.45 to 3.45; HR among @entity2674 carriers, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.33 to 2.38; P=0.837). Ten year survival was 78% for @entity5345 , 83% for @entity2674 and 92% for non-carriers, respectively. The risk of recurrence and @entity204 was also not statistically significant among @entity1 treated with different chemotherapy regimens. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1349 and @entity1349 survival are similar for carriers of a BRCA mutation and non-carriers.

title: Adjuvant chemotherapy in American and Italian @entity1 with @entity5345 /2-associated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1782 :: ('2099', 'Gene') :: ['Estrogen Receptor']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer', 'sporadic breast tumors', 'stage I, II, and III breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'RFS', 'recurrence-free survival', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity570 ( @entity571 ) is a major cause of morbidity. Rehabilitation for this population focus on strengthening the hip muscles, particularly the abductors, however the deficit in function of these muscles is unclear. OBJECTIVES: To review the evidence for the differences in structure and function of hip abductors (gluteus medius and minimus and @entity392 ) in hip @entity571 . METHODS: A systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE, AMED, CINAHL and SportDISCUS, from the earliest date to September 2013. Studies that compared hip @entity571 @entity1 with controls, or the unaffected contralateral hip were included. Studies needed to report data on an outcome related to gross gluteal muscle function. RESULTS: An initial yield of 141 studies was reduced to 22 after application of inclusion/exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis confirmed greater hip abductor strength in the control group (standardized mean difference = @entity7126 -0.93, 95%CI -1.70 to -0.16) and the unaffected limb ( @entity7126 -0.26, 95%CI -0.48 to -0.04). Meta-analyses showed no differences in muscle size either between groups or limbs. Few electromyography studies have been reported and meta-analysis was not possible. CONCLUSION: Hip abductor strength is reduced in @entity571 @entity1 compared to healthy controls and the unaffected limb. Data on muscle size and activity is insufficient.

title: Structure and function of the abductors in XXXX with @entity570 : Systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tensor fascia lata']

entities_list: @entity570 :: ('MESH:D015207', 'Disease') :: ['Hip osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Spilanthes africana is a plant used in several countries for the treatment of toothache, @entity311 , @entity174 , @entity55 , and dysentery. In order to establish the safety of aerial part of the plant extract, the acute and sub-acute @entity137 of the aqueous extract of this plant has been evaluated in male and female young @entity35 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: In acute @entity137 , the effects of a single oral dose (2000mg/kg and 5000mg/kg) of the lyophilised aqueous extract have been determined. General behaviour, adverse effects and mortality were determined for up to 14 days. In sub-acute treatment, the effects of the extract in daily single oral administration at the doses of 250, 500 and 1000mg/kg during 28 days were evaluated. One group treated at the dose of 1000mg/kg for 28 days was let without treatment during 14 days to assess the possible reversibility of the harmful effects of the extract. Body weight, food and water intakes, biochemical and haematological parameters were recorded. Histopathological examination of liver, kidney and lungs were assessed. RESULTS: In acute study, a single administration of the aqueous extract at the doses of 2000mg/kg or 5000mg/kg did not induce mortality. Thus, the LD50 of the aqueous extract of @entity14346 has been estimated higher than 5000mg/kg. Four hours after administration of the extract, a reduction of the mobility, sensitivity to the noise and to touch has been observed. In sub-acute study, the administration of the extract during 28 days at all doses did not significantly modify the body weight. On the haematological analysis, a decrease of the rate of monocytes and a rise of lymphocytes counts were observed among the male group. In both sexes, it appeared a decrease of the rate of granulocytes two weeks after stopping the treatment. It has also been observed in different groups among the females, an increase of the mean corpuscular content and the mean concentration in haemoglobin as well as an increase of platelets. A significant decrease of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, @entity1674 , and a significant increase of total @entity648 compared to the normal group has been observed. There was a significant decrease in renal @entity12609 in both sexes compared with different control groups. Besides, a significant increase of the kidney rates of @entity2041 and @entity1234 have also been observed in the female treated at the doses of 1000mg/kg. Histopathological analysis has shown vascular congestion and leucocyte infiltrations in the liver of animals treated at the dose of 1000mg/kg. This congestion has been marked in satellite group. In the kidney female satellite group, tubular clarifications have been observed and disappear when stopping the treatment. CONCLUSION: These results show that the aqueous extract of @entity14346 given by the oral route is slightly toxic. However in sub-acute treatment, higher doses could provoke functional and structural changes in the organism which could in part reversible. Thus the extract should be used with caution.

title: Acute and sub-acute XXXX of a lyophilised aqueous extract of the aerial part of Spilanthes africana Delile in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: Impairment of @entity842 (NO) production, @entity8452 receptor (RyR) @entity460 channel function and adrenoceptor activation have been found to prevent the formation of the long-term memory stage in young chicks trained on a single-trial discrimination avoidance task. The current study investigated whether these three activities were linked, and if so, the sequence of activation. Young chicks were trained using either a strongly or weakly reinforced variant of the single-trial discrimination avoidance task, yielding either a persistent or labile memory trace, respectively. Following strongly reinforced training, @entity6112 induced by a RyR inhibitor was prevented by a NO donor or @entity1063 (NA). A RyR agonist also prevented @entity6112 induced by either NO synthase or b1+2-adrenoceptor inhibition. These findings were interpreted to reflect the capacity of NO, RyR-dependent @entity460 release and NA to modulate memory by preventing @entity6112 . A second set of studies used weakly reinforced training. Although the administration of a RyR agonist promoted long-term memory formation, this facilitation was compromised in the presence of a b1+2-adrenoceptor antagonist, but not a NO synthase inhibitor. Similarly, the inhibition of RyRs interfered with the facilitation of retention induced by a NO donor, but not NA. These differential findings with weakly reinforced training suggest that NO facilitates memory formation through mechanisms involving RyR-dependent @entity460 release. The findings also indicate that RyRs may promote memory formation through noradrenergic activation of b2-adrenoceptors. This study demonstrates an intricate role for RyRs underlying memory formation.

title: Pharmacobehavioural evidence for @entity842 and @entity1063 interactions with XXXX receptors during memory formation in the young chick.

entities_list: @entity6112 :: ('MESH:D016055', 'Disease') :: ['retention loss']

entities_list: @entity8452 :: ('MESH:D012433', 'Chemical') :: ['ryanodine']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity8452 :: (MESH:D012433,Chemical) :: ['ryanodine']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Case series. PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to investigate the change in pulmonary function in adult @entity1 with a @entity85 who underwent spinal corrective surgery. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: @entity1798 are is often prominent in adult @entity85 cases, whereas a @entity85 involving the chest wall is inconspicuous. @entity85 could affect the pulmonary function; however, few reports have investigated pulmonary function in adult @entity1 with a @entity85 . METHODS: This study included 14 adult @entity1 with a @entity85 who underwent posterior corrective fusion (3 males, 11 females; mean age, 67.4 years). We measured percent vital capacity (%VC) and percent forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%FEV1) before surgery and six months after surgery. We investigated the change in pulmonary function after corrective surgery and the correlation between radiographic parameters and pulmonary function. RESULTS: Mean preoperative %VC and %FEV1 values were 99.9% and 79.3%, respectively. Two cases were diagnosed with @entity73 , and two cases were diagnosed with @entity73 before surgery. %VC improved in the @entity73 cases six months after surgery. However, %FEV1 did not improve significantly after surgery in the @entity73 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Restrictive impairment was improved in adult @entity1 with a @entity85 by corrective spinal surgery. However, spinal surgery did not improve @entity73 .

title: Preoperative and Postoperative Pulmonary Function in Elderly XXXX with Thoracolumbar Kyphoscoliosis.

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['restrictive impairment', 'obstructive impairment']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['spinal deformity', 'thoracic deformity', 'A lumbar spine deformity']

entities_list: @entity1798 :: ('MESH:C535531', 'Disease') :: ['Degenerative lumbar and/or thoraco-lumbar deformities']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: In @entity326 , the diminished HLA-DR expression on monocytes has been proposed as a marker of immunoparalysis that correlates with an increased risk for fatal outcome. The present study was designed to determine whether some differences in protocol procedures could lead to discrepant results in HLA-DR measurement. After establishing a reliable protocol, the second objective was to illustrate the immunoparalysis in @entity1 with @entity326 . HLA-DR measurement on monocytes was determined by means of flow cytometry in 54 healthy donors and 16 @entity1 with @entity326 . We demonstrated that storage temperature, storage duration before staining and red cells lysis constitute crucial steps in HLA-DR measurement. The precision results with coefficients of variation below 5%, were quite convincing for a manual immunoassay. At 48 hours after diagnosis of @entity326 , we found severely decreased percentages of monocytes expressing HLA-DR in septic @entity1 (24 +/- 4%, mean +/- SEM) in comparison with healthy donors (90 +/- 1%), p < 0.001). Furthermore, the persistence of a low level of monocytic HLA-DR (less than 50 %) at day 9 after admittance was associated with @entity1 who died. This study illustrates the state of immunoparalysis in @entity1 with @entity326 and supports the potential interest in measuring HLA-DR expression on monocytes. However, multicenter studies are now needed to validate this parameter. Based on our analytical results, we conclude that a critical issue in such studies will be the capacity in each center to perform standardized measurement of HLA-DR. It should be remembered that this determination requires the definition of a common analytical procedure between laboratories participating in the trial.

title: [Preliminary results in standardization of flow cytometry protocols for monocytic HLA-DR measurement and their application in the follow up of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

answer: @entity326 :: (MESH:D012772,Disease) :: ['septic shock']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To explore the relationship between @entity27 ( @entity27 ) and resistant @entity101 in @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and @entity454 ( @entity454 ). METHODS: We examined sleep parameters and blood pressure (BP) in 224 community-based, non- @entity740 @entity1 from the Sleep-SCORE study: 88 nondialysis-dependent @entity740 and 95 @entity454 @entity1 . Unattended home polysomnography with standardized scoring protocols and automated BP monitors were used. Resistant @entity101 was defined as a BP of at least 140/90 mmHg despite at least three antihypertensive drugs. RESULTS: Mean SBP of the @entity740 and @entity454 groups were significantly higher than that of the non- @entity740 group [148.2 (23.8), 144.5 (26.7) vs. 132.2 mmHg (26.7), respectively; P<0.0001] despite the use of more antihypertensive medications. The @entity740 and @entity454 groups had higher rates of resistant @entity101 than the non- @entity740 group (41.4, 22.6 vs. 6.7%, respectively; P<0.0001). The severity of @entity387 was associated with a higher risk of resistant @entity101 . Although resistant @entity101 was associated with severe @entity387 in @entity1 with @entity454 [ @entity33470 , 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.2-23.2), there was no significant association in the non- @entity740 (OR 3.5, 95% CI 0.8-15.4) or @entity740 groups (OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.4-3.7) after accounting for case-mix. CONCLUSION: The association between resistant @entity101 and @entity387 appeared robust in @entity454 . @entity27 may contribute to resistant @entity101 or both may be linked to a common underlying process such as @entity3887 . Future studies in @entity1 with @entity8 should further characterize the resistant @entity101 - @entity27 relationship and determine whether treatment of underlying mechanisms may improve outcomes.

title: Resistant @entity101 and @entity27 in the setting of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3887 :: ('MESH:C531600', 'Disease') :: ['volume excess']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['kidney disease']


abstract: In this study we evaluated treatment effects in 70 consecutively admitted @entity1 in a specialized university clinic for treatment of dental fear. Thirty-three (47%) of the @entity1 fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for Specific @entity913 alone (Dental @entity913 , DP), 24 (33%) had severe dental @entity148 without fulfilling the criteria for @entity913 ( @entity11702 ), and 13 (19%) fulfilled the criteria for @entity18119 ( @entity18119 ). Dental @entity148 was measured prior to, immediately after and at follow-up (mean = 19 months) using Corah's Dental @entity148 Scale and Dental Fear Survey. Dental attitudes were measured by Getz' Dental Beliefs Survey. Dental attendance and everyday functioning were measured by self-report. DP @entity1 received significantly more treatment-sessions as compared to the @entity11702 group. Despite significant overall reductions in scores on all psychometric instruments from pretreatment to follow up, @entity1 in the @entity18119 group reported significantly more severe @entity148 at pre- and post-treatment and at follow-up as compared to @entity1 in the @entity11702 group. There was no interaction between diagnostic group and assessment occasion (pre treatment, post treatment and follow up) on the self-reported @entity148 . @entity1 reported significant improvements in self-esteem, social relations and everyday functioning, regardless of diagnostic group. Sixty-three percentage of the respondents had been to the dentist within 1 year after completed treatment. @entity1 treated by dentists who had received supervised training in exposure treatment had significantly more often seen the dentist at follow-up.

title: Treatment of XXXX . Outcome related to DSM-IV diagnoses.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity18119 :: ('MESH:D019952', 'Disease') :: ['MD', 'multiple DSM-IV diagnoses']

entities_list: @entity913 :: ('MESH:D010698', 'Disease') :: ['phobia', 'Phobia']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['dental anxiety disorders']


abstract: PURPOSE: We performed this study to evaluate factors related to urinary retention after a tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) procedure for female stress urinary @entity322 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 375 @entity1 with a followup of at least 6 months from among @entity1 who underwent the TVT procedure between March 1999 and May 2002 at our institution. We analyzed multiple parameters, including @entity1 characteristics, symptoms and urodynamic studies, using univariate and multivariate regression analyses with respect to postoperative urinary retention, as defined by the need for intermittent catheterization for at least 3 days after the procedure. All @entity1 in the nonretention (343) and retention (32) groups answered a global satisfaction question. RESULTS: In answer to a global satisfaction question 338 of the 375 @entity1 (90.1%) favored the procedure. Univariate analysis demonstrated that @entity1 mean age, parity, peak urinary flow and a history of hysterectomy predicted urinary retention. However, on multivariate analyses the peak urinary flow rate was the only significant independent predictive factor (p = 0.007). While 28 @entity1 (87.5%) in the retention group regained normal voiding without a specific procedure, 4 required tape release or cutting within 3 month of surgery. The global satisfaction question showed a significant difference between the nonretention and retention groups (91.5% vs 75% satisfaction, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: An accurate measurement of the peak urinary flow rate could predict @entity1 at risk for postoperative urinary retention that compromises global satisfaction after the highly curative TVT procedure.

title: Factors predictive of urinary retention after a tension-free vaginal tape procedure for female stress urinary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['incontinence']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mortality in @entity146 @entity1 both from natural and non-natural causes was reported to be markedly higher than in the general population. The effect of the @entity146 hospital (PH) closure process on mortality has nonetheless seldom been investigated. We studied mortality in a cohort of PH @entity1 , taking into account the closure process in Italy. METHODS: A total of 2915 @entity1 from 12 PH were described in the period 1994-1996 and followed up until June 2000, and discharges and @entity204 were registered. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) for natural and non-natural causes were computed on the basis of regional death rates. RESULTS: Observed @entity204 were 714 vs. 291.2 expected. The all-causes SMR was 2.47 in males and 2.43 in females. The SMR was 26.92 in males and 13.75 in females for @entity146 causes, 6.84 and 7.89 for undefined causes, 9.57 and 7.27 for @entity55 , 6.38 and 7.78 for @entity1030 , and 1.27 and 1.58 for @entity741 . No excess was observed for all @entity5 in males, but the SMR was 1.50 for @entity2 in males, 2.30 for @entity0 and 1.48 for all @entity5 in females. SMR for suicide was 3.85 in males and 2.73 in females. Most SMR were higher at younger age, although the rate of absolute excess @entity204 was greater above age 60. The SMR for all causes was 2.66 before discharge from PH, and 2.09 after discharge. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality remained high after leaving the PH, but no increase was associated to the PH closure.

title: Mortality in long-stay XXXX from @entity146 hospitals in Italy--results from the Qualyop Project.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive respiratory disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Bacteria cope with and adapt to stress by modulating gene expression in response to specific environmental cues. In this study the transcriptional response of @entity26731 to osmotic, oxidative, and @entity2892 stress conditions at two time points was investigated via identification of differentially expressed mRNAs and sRNAs. A total of 440 small RNA transcripts were detected, where 10% correspond to previously annotated sRNAs, 40% to novel intergenic transcripts and 50% to novel transcripts antisense to annotated genes. Each stress elicits a unique response as far as the extent and dynamics of the transcriptional changes. Nearly 200 protein-encoding genes exhibited significant changes in all stress types, implicating their participation in a general stress response. Almost half of the sRNA transcripts were differentially expressed in at least one condition, suggesting possible functional roles in the cellular response to stress conditions. The data show a higher fraction of differentially expressed sRNAs with greater than 5-fold expression changes compared with mRNAs. The work provides detailed insights into the mechanisms through which @entity15250 responds to different stress conditions and increases understanding of bacterial adaptation in natural and industrial settings. IMPORTANCE: This study maps the complete transcriptional response of @entity26731 to osmotic, oxidative and @entity2892 stress conditions at short and long exposure times. Over 400 small RNA transcripts are detected, consisting of both intergenic and antisense transcripts, increasing the number of identified sRNA transcripts in the strain by a factor of ten. Unique responses to each type of stress are documented including both the extent and dynamics of the gene expression changes. The work adds rich detail to previous knowledge of stress response mechanisms due to the depth of the RNA sequencing data. Almost half of the sRNAs exhibit significant expression changes in at least one condition, suggesting their involvement in adaptation to stress conditions and identifying interesting candidates for further functional characterization.

title: Global transcriptional responses to osmotic, oxidative, and @entity2892 stress conditions in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity26731 :: ('160488', 'Species') :: ['P. putida KT2440', 'Pseudomonas putida KT2440']

entities_list: @entity2892 :: ('MESH:D015378', 'Chemical') :: ['imipenem']

answer: @entity15250 :: (303,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas putida']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Partial tetrasomy is mainly described as a cytogenetically visible rearrangement due to a supernumerary chromosome (i(12p), i(18p), @entity30946 dup(15)). Except for chromosome 15q11q13, intrachromosomal triplications are rare and so far not associated with a recognisable phenotype. METHODS AND RESULTS: This report describes two unrelated @entity1 with a de novo non-recurrent submicroscopic interstitial triplication 11q24.1 detected with array comparative genomic hybridisation and confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridisation, molecular combing, and quantitative PCR. Microsatellite analysis suggested that a common mechanism of rearrangement might have been involved. These @entity1 share remarkably similar clinical features including distinctive @entity154 , @entity851 with small extremities, @entity9042 , overweight, and @entity717 . The overlapping region of 1.8 Mb contains 11 RefSeq genes and three microRNA related genes. Interestingly, the overexpression of @entity48948 , a gene encoding an adipocyte specific adhesion molecule, may contribute to @entity1 ' @entity28 . Upregulation of BILD, known to mediate apoptosis in a caspase dependent manner, could deserve further investigation into the pathological mechanism of @entity9042 . CONCLUSION: Isolated duplications of distal 11q region have been previously reported and associated with @entity717 but without a consistent set of clinical features. These findings support the proposal that microtriplication 11q24.1 is a well recognisable clinical entity.

title: Microtriplication of 11q24.1: a highly recognisable phenotype with @entity851 , distinctive facial features, @entity9042 , overweight, and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['facial dysmorphisms']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short stature']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity9042 :: ('MESH:D007640', 'Disease') :: ['keratoconus']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['intellectual disability']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['intellectual disability']


abstract: The presence of @entity11331 dehydrogenase (11beta-HSD; EC1.1.1.146), the enzyme responsible for the interconversion of @entity701 and @entity821 , in granulosa- @entity8665 (GL) cells is associated with a poor outcome in @entity52 ( @entity52 ). We have developed a simple method of assessing the reductase component of 11beta-HSD in these cells which is sufficiently rapid to provide data on the enzyme's activity prior to embryo replacement. Cells were pooled from follicular aspirates and challenged with @entity821 within 2 h of aspiration. @entity701 secretion was then measured by radioimmunoassay. Conversion of @entity821 to @entity701 was linear for up to 3 h and was completely inhibited by @entity13439 , a specific 11beta-HSD inhibitor. Initial velocity rates were determined for eight @entity821 concentrations (range 0.1-8 micromol/l), and the apparent Km calculated (1.6 +/- 0.4 micromol/l). There was no evidence of substrate/product inhibition and conversion of @entity821 to @entity701 was <2% in all experiments. In subsequent work, cells were challenged with @entity821 (6 micromol/l) for 2 h. Cells challenged for 2 h immediately following purification from follicular aspirates produced varying amounts of @entity701 (range 25-150 nmol/pooled follicles from each @entity1 , n = 10 @entity1 ), while basal outputs were <6 nmol/l. Enzyme activity was also examined in cells on a per follicle basis from individual @entity1 and found to vary considerably (e.g. 19, 53 and 36 nmol/l @entity701 /1000 cells, three follicles). Having established the method for assessing 11beta-reductase activity within GL cells, we performed a small prospective study on a series of 20 @entity1 examining the enzyme activity within 110 individual follicles. 11Beta-reductase activity varied greatly from @entity1 to @entity1 and from follicle to follicle ranging from <0.024-0.57 nmol @entity701 /microg DNA but at present low @entity1 numbers preclude a meaningful correlation between enzyme activity and pregnancy rate. In summary, we have developed a simple, rapid (<8 h) assay for detecting the reductase activity of 11beta-HSD in GL cells isolated from pooled or individual follicles. This procedure is sufficiently quick to aid in the choice of embryo for replacement.

title: A rapid method for the measurement of the oxoreductase activity of @entity11331 dehydrogenase in granulosa-lutein cells from XXXX undergoing @entity52 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity821 :: ('MESH:D003348', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisone']

entities_list: @entity13439 :: ('MESH:D006034', 'Chemical') :: ['glycyrrhetinic acid']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol', 'cortisol']

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['in-vitro fertilization', 'IVF']

entities_list: @entity11331 :: ('CHEBI:35346', 'Chemical') :: ['11beta-hydroxysteroid']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We aim to illustrate the multimodal imaging spectrum of hepatic involvement in @entity378 ( @entity378 ). Whilst disseminated @entity378 on imaging typically manifests as @entity75 scattered in the liver parenchyma, isolated @entity16398 remains a rare and intriguing entity. METHODS: Indubitably, imaging is the mainstay for detection of tubercular @entity99 which display a broad spectrum of imaging manifestations on different modalities. While sonography and computed tomography (CT) findings have been described in some detail, there is a paucity of literature on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. Due to a significant overlap with other commoner and similar appearing @entity99 , @entity16398 is often either misdiagnosed or labelled as indeterminate lesions. This article is a compendium of cases highlighting the spectrum of imaging patterns that can be encountered in @entity1 with isolated primary @entity16398 as well as disseminated (secondary) disease. Rare patterns of @entity66 such as tubercular @entity255 , @entity409 , and those with @entity455 are also illustrated and discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Imaging plays a valuable role in the detection of tubercular @entity99 . Also, imaging can be helpful in their characterisation and for assessing associated complications. TEACHING POINTS:     Hepatic @entity378 has myriad imaging manifestations and is often confounded with @entity1313 .     Imaging patterns include @entity9758 , macronodular @entity378 , serohepatic @entity378 and tubercular @entity255 .     Concurrent splenic, nodal or pulmonary involvements are helpful pointers towards the diagnosis.     Miliary calcifications along the bile ducts are characteristic of tubercular @entity255 .     Histological/microbiological confirmation is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis.

title: XXXX : a multimodality imaging review.

entities_list: @entity16398 :: ('MESH:D014386', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['primary disease']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic lesions']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['multiple small nodular lesions']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['hypervascular liver masses']

entities_list: @entity9758 :: ('MESH:D014391', 'Disease') :: ['miliary TB']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['TB', 'tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic lesions']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

answer: @entity16398 :: (MESH:D014386,Disease) :: ['Hepatic tuberculosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity439 located between the 2 middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcations may be approachable through a single unilateral approach. OBJECTIVE: To identify anatomic parameters based on imaging that would favor a contralateral approach. METHODS: From January 1998 to December 2013, we retrospectively identified 173 @entity1 with bilateral @entity438 . Fifty-one @entity1 had @entity438 . A total of 38 @entity1 underwent a single craniotomy with a contralateral microsurgical approach (group 1 or contralateral group) and 13 @entity1 underwent bilateral craniotomies (group 2 or bilateral group). For both groups, we analyzed @entity439 characteristics, morphology, size, projections, and distance to the contralateral corridor, as well as surgical time, outcome, and @entity260 . RESULTS: All @entity439 approached contralaterally were unruptured and without wall calcifications. Of the contralaterally approached @entity439 , 97% were smaller than 14 mm. The median length of the contralateral A1 was 13.2 mm (range: 6-19.8 mm) and the median length of the contralateral M1 was 14.2 mm (range: 4.6-21 mm). The contralateral group had a good postoperative outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0-3) in 80% of ruptured cases and 86% of unruptured cases. The median surgical time was 120 minutes (range: 75-255 minutes), 43% shorter than the bilateral group. CONCLUSION: The contralateral approach for @entity438 in selected @entity1 is feasible in experienced hands, with acceptable morbidity and mortality. The contralateral approach requires a meticulous preoperative analysis of the characteristics of the @entity439 to be clipped and of the anatomic constraints of the microsurgical operative corridor. ABBREVIATIONS: A1, anterior cerebral artery proximal segmentbMCA, bilateral middle cerebral arteryCTA, computed tomographic angiographyHH, Hunt-Hess scaleIA, @entity932 , internal carotid arteryICAbif, internal carotid artery bifurcationMCA, middle cerebral arteryM1, middle cerebral artery proximal segmentmRS, modified Rankin ScaleSAH, @entity510 .

title: Contralateral Approach to XXXX : Comparative Study, Angiographic Analysis, and Surgical Results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysmsICA']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'Bilateral aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral MCA aneurysms', 'intracranial aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['Bilateral Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysms']


abstract: @entity424 commonly arise in the central nervous system. Extraneural presentation is quite rare. Herein, we describe a primary @entity424 in a young female. The mass was located in the right inguinal area. The cut surface of the 7.5 mm * 6.5 mm * 4.5 mm sized @entity5 was brownish-yellow in color. Histologically, it was hypercellular exhibiting pseudorosette or rosette formations and some papillary structures. Mitosis was counted as high as 10 per 10 high power fields. Neither @entity39 nor vascular endothelial proliferation within the @entity5 was observed. @entity5 cells showed strong glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity. On epithelial membrane antigen, intracytoplasmic dot-like immunostaining was observed. This is the first report presenting a primary extraneural @entity424 arising in the inguinal subcutaneous region.

title: An extraneural primary XXXX at the subcutaneous inguinal region: Report of a rare case.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity424 :: ('MESH:D004806', 'Disease') :: ['extraneural ependymoma', 'Ependymomas', 'anaplastic ependymoma']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity424 :: (MESH:D004806,Disease) :: ['anaplastic ependymoma']


abstract: @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) is a @entity6961 characterized by the presence of an acquired mutation which affects the hematopoietic stem cell, leading to a striking overproduction of immature granulocytes. The first important clue to its pathogenesis the @entity8487 chromosome created by a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 (t [9; 22] [q34; q11]). The development of the @entity1861 -targeted imatinib mesylate represents a paradigm shift in the treatment of @entity1860 . Imatinib displays inhibitory activity against other kinase(s) that play a role in monocyte/macrophage development. Accordingly many studies revealed the role of cytokines in pathophysiology of myeloid @entity5 including participation of @entity1356 in the pathogenesis of @entity1860 . This study designed to assess the behavior of @entity1356 through newly diagnosed @entity1 , different responders groups (optimal, suboptimal and failure cytogenetic response) and advanced stages (acceleration and crisis groups) of @entity1860 Iraqi @entity1 whom receiving Imatinib mesylate (tyrosine kinase inhibitor), trying to elucidate the role of immunity in pathophysiology of @entity1860 development and treatments. In this study 96 Iraqi @entity1860 @entity1 under imatinib mesylate treatment categorized by complete blood picture and fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis into different response groups and stages, then used an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay technique to assess serum level of @entity1356 in each response group and advance stage (acceleration and transformed) of @entity1860 @entity1 , in comparison to level in 32 healthy control subjects and 32 newly diagnosed @entity1860 . Out of 128 @entity1 the mean serum of @entity1356 level (pg/ml) for the newly diagnosed, optimal responded, suboptimal responded, failure cytogenetic and advance stage of @entity1860 were 6.53      3.81, 18.47      4.29, 18.69      3.03, 5.73      2.44, and 18.10      3.10, respectively. While healthy was 12.17      3.44. The measurement of @entity1356 before and during treatment of @entity1860 @entity1 may contribute to the early identification of responder and non responder @entity1 , and help in the earlier choice and/or design of alternative therapeutic strategies.

title: Assessment of XXXX serum level in different responder groups and stages of chronic myeloid leukemia @entity1 on imatinb mesylate therapy.

entities_list: @entity8487 :: ('MESH:D010677', 'Disease') :: ['Philadelphia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'Chronic myeloid leukemia', 'CML disease']

entities_list: @entity6961 :: ('MESH:D009196', 'Disease') :: ['myeloproliferative disorder']

answer: @entity1356 :: (3553,Gene) :: ['interleukin 1b']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The third Brazilian Consensus of @entity101 recomends the usage of pharmacological (PT) and non-pharmacological treatment (NPT). In Brazil, we don't know how if this recommedation has been followet by doctors. OBJECTIVES: a) to characterize NPT regarding prescription and acceptability by @entity101 @entity1 ; b) characterize PT concerning the criterion used for choosing medication and medication prescribed; and c) identify doctors' opinions about @entity1 ' degree of acceptability to PT and NPT. METHODS: 37904 questionnaires with reply-paid envelopes were sent to Brazilian doctors and 2519 of those were replied (57% from the Southeast region, 41% were cardiologists, and 26% clinicians). RESULTS: 1- 62% of doctors recommend NPT to 25% of their @entity1 . 2 - The most recommended NP treatments are: hyposodic diet (55%), @entity353 (29%) and physical exercises (8%), considering that doctors believe that 50% of their @entity1 follow a hyposodic diet, 20% do physical exercises and 19% lose weight. 3 - Only one medication is prescribed at the beginning of a PT (88%) and when blood pressure isn't under control, 55% of the doctors associate other medications with it whereas 33% of them increase the dose. 4 - The most prescribed medications are: diuretics (53%) and ECA inhibitors (24%). 5 - The main criteria for choosing medication are: personal experience (32%) and characteristics of @entity1 (31%). 6 - Doctors (60%) believe that acceptability to PT is better. CONCLUSION: The recommendations of the Third Brazilian Consensus of @entity101 have been followed partially concerning NPT and as expected regarding PT.

title: [Treatment of XXXX - answers of Brazilian physicians to a survey].

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight reduction']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: Bevacizumab is FDA-approved for @entity1 with recurrent GBM. However, the median duration of response is only 4  months. Potential mechanisms of resistance include upregulated FGF signaling and increased PDGF-mediated pericyte coverage. @entity9815 is an oral, small-molecule @entity669 kinase inhibitor of @entity675 /b, FGFR 1-3, and @entity6758 -3 that may overcome resistance to anti-VEGF therapy. This was a two-stage phase II trial in adults with first or second recurrence of GBM, stratified by prior bevacizumab therapy (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01380782; 1199.94). The primary endpoint was PFS6 in the bevacizumab-naive arm (Arm A) and PFS3 in the post-bevacizumab arm (Arm B). Up to 10 @entity11 ( @entity11 ) @entity1 were accrued to each arm in exploratory cohorts. Twenty-two @entity1 enrolled in Arm A and 14 in Arm B. Arm A included 12 GBMs (55  %), 13 @entity1 with one prior regimen (59  %), and median age 54  years (range 28-75). Arm B included 10 GBMs (71  %), one @entity1 with one prior regimen (7  %), and median age 52  years (range 32-70). Median KPS overall was 90 (range 60-100). There were no responses. In Arm A (GBM only), PFS6 was 0  %, median PFS 28  days (95  % CI 27-83), and median OS 6.9  months (3.7-8.1). In Arm B (GBM only), PFS3 was 0  %, median PFS 28  days (22-28), and median OS 2.6  months (1.0-6.9). Among @entity11 @entity1 in each arm, PFS6 was 0  %. Treatment was well tolerated. In conclusion, @entity9815 is not active against recurrent high-grade @entity11 , regardless of prior bevacizumab therapy.

title: Phase II trial of triple @entity669 kinase receptor inhibitor @entity9815 in recurrent high-grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity9815 :: ('MESH:C530716', 'Chemical') :: ['nintedanib', 'Nintedanib']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['AG', 'anaplastic glioma', 'glioma']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Abstract Background: Combined physical therapy (CPT) is the treatment of choice for @entity1 with @entity4269 . Intensive stage CPT (I-CPT) results in a substantial reduction of the size of @entity4269 , while the second stage CPT (M-CPT) maintains the achieved result for many years. Aim: The article analyses the outcome M-CPT for 5 years in @entity1 with @entity4269 after mastectomy. Methods: Forty @entity1 had regularly been attending follow-up appointments every six months for five years (Group A). Out of the group of @entity1 who had not been reporting for follow-up, twenty @entity1 accepted an invitation for assessment (Group B); none of them complied with the prescribed compression therapy. All @entity1 were submitted to I-CPT and @entity1 from group A completed M-CPT comprising compression garments and an individual program of physical exercises. Results: During five-year M-CPT, the difference in limb volumes (Vo), relative size of @entity4 (Vor) reduction achieved after I-CPT was maintained in Group A, while in Group B a considerable increase of Vo by 14% was noted. Ultimately @entity4269 in these @entity1 was more pronounced than before their physical therapy had commenced. For 40 @entity1 using compression sleeves the mean Suitability Score System was 8.3 points on maximum 11-point scale, for 15 @entity1 wearing additional compression gloves, the mean score was 4.3 points on maximum 5 points. Conclusions: The reduction of @entity4269 achieved during I-CPT can be retained during M-CPT when the @entity1 systematically attends follow-up examinations, applies compression therapy, and follows the therapy instructions. Non-compliance is followed by a worsening of @entity4269 .

title: Five-Year Assessment of Maintenance Combined Physical Therapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4269 :: ('MESH:D008209', 'Disease') :: ['lymphedema']

answer: @entity4269 :: (MESH:D008209,Disease) :: ['Postmastectomy Lymphedema']