abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity28 has been previously suggested as an adverse prognostic marker in @entity1 with @entity3052 . To evaluate the relationship between @entity28 and clinical outcome, disease-free survival (DFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), in @entity1 with @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ), including @entity2799 ( @entity2799 ), we performed a pooled analysis of four CALGB (Alliance) clinical trials. Our study included 446 @entity1 with @entity2799 from CALGB 9710, and 1,648 @entity1 between 18 and 60 years of age with non- @entity2799 @entity3052 from CALGB 9621, 10503, and 19808. @entity28 was defined as BMI >= 30 kg/m(2) . Multivariate Cox proportional-hazard regression models were fitted for DFS and @entity1349 . @entity28 was seen in 50% and 38% of @entity2799 and non- @entity2799 @entity3052 @entity1 , respectively. In @entity2799 @entity1 , @entity28 was associated with worse DFS (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.03-2.27; P = 0.04) and @entity1349 (HR 1.72, 95% CI 1.15-2.58; P = 0.01) after adjusting for age, sex, performance status, race, ethnicity, treatment arm and baseline white blood cell count. @entity28 was not significantly associated with DFS or @entity1349 in the non- @entity2799 @entity3052 @entity1 . In conclusion, our study indicates that @entity28 has significant prognostic value for DFS and @entity1349 in @entity2799 @entity1 , but not for non- @entity2799 @entity3052 @entity1 . Am. J. Hematol. 91:199-204, 2016.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Relationship between @entity28 and clinical outcome in adults with XXXX : A pooled analysis from four CALGB (alliance) clinical trials.

entities_list: @entity2799 :: ('MESH:D015473', 'Disease') :: ['APL', 'acute promyelocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obesity', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myelogenous leukemia', 'AML', 'acute leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) protects against arterial atherothrombosis, but it is unknown whether it protects against recurrent @entity1211 . METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 772 @entity1 after a first @entity1211 (average follow-up 48 months) and recorded the end point of symptomatic recurrent @entity1211 , which developed in 100 of the 772 @entity1 . The relationship between plasma lipoprotein parameters and recurrence was evaluated. Plasma apolipoproteins AI and B were measured by immunoassays for all subjects. Compared with those without recurrence, @entity1 with recurrence had lower mean (+/-SD) levels of apolipoprotein AI (1.12+/-0.22 versus 1.23+/-0.27 mg/mL, P<0.001) but similar apolipoprotein B levels. The relative risk of recurrence was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.80 to 0.94) for each increase of 0.1 mg/mL in plasma apolipoprotein AI. Compared with @entity1 with apolipoprotein AI levels in the lowest tertile (<1.07 mg/mL), the relative risk of recurrence was 0.46 (95% CI, 0.27 to 0.77) for the highest-tertile @entity1 (apolipoprotein AI >1.30 mg/mL) and 0.78 (95% CI, 0.50 to 1.22) for midtertile @entity1 (apolipoprotein AI of 1.07 to 1.30 mg/mL). Using nuclear magnetic resonance, we determined the levels of 10 major lipoprotein subclasses and HDL @entity165 for 71 @entity1 with recurrence and 142 matched @entity1 without recurrence. We found a strong trend for association between recurrence and low levels of HDL particles and HDL @entity165 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with high levels of apolipoprotein AI and HDL have a decreased risk of recurrent @entity1211 .

title: High-density lipoprotein and the risk of recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['spontaneous venous thromboembolism', 'venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['venous thromboembolism']


abstract: It is important to develop methods to prevent or reverse the @entity249 caused by chemotherapy or radiation therapy for @entity5 in @entity1 . Radiation and some chemotherapeutic agents kill spermatogonial stem cells, but we have shown that these cells survive in @entity35 , although they are unable to differentiate. There is evidence that this phenomenon also occurs in @entity1 . The block to spermatogonial differentiation in @entity35 is caused by some unknown change, either in the spermatogonia or the somatic elements of the testis, such that @entity251 inhibits spermatogonial differentiation. In the @entity35 , the spermatogenesis and fertility lost following treatment with radiation or some chemotherapeutic agents can be restored by suppressing @entity251 with @entity7438 ( @entity7438 ) agonists or antagonists, either before or after the cytotoxic insult. The applicability of this procedure to @entity1 is still unknown. Some anticancer regimens may kill all the stem cells, in which case the only option would be spermatogonial transplantation. However, in some cases stem cells survive and there is one report of stimulation of recovery of spermatogenesis with hormonal treatment. Clinical trials should focus on treating @entity1 with hormones during or soon after anticancer treatment. The hormone regimen should involve suppression of @entity251 production with minimum @entity342 supplementation used to improve the diminished libido.

title: Suppression of XXXX stimulates recovery of spermatogenesis after @entity5 treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity7438 :: ('25194(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['GnRH', 'gonadotropin releasing hormone']

answer: @entity251 :: (MESH:D013739,Chemical) :: ['testosterone']


abstract: We present a first case of concurrent @entity5 consisting of @entity808 and @entity1653 arising at the same spinal level in a @entity1 without @entity4786 . A 49-year-old @entity1 without clinical evidence of @entity4786 presented with a 5-month history of right neck @entity158 . MRI demonstrated an @entity5 involving the right-sided C2 nerve root with a small intradural component. T1- and T2-weighted and contrast-enhanced MRI could not differentiate the @entity5 as different from the @entity5 . Total @entity5 was performed. No contiguity of the @entity5 with the @entity5 was seen. The @entity5 attached strongly to the dura mater around the C2 nerve root exits. Intraoperative pathological diagnosis confirmed the @entity5 as @entity808 and the @entity5 as @entity1653 . We therefore thoroughly coagulated the dura mater adjacent to the @entity5 and resected the dura mater around the nerve root exits together with the @entity5 . Pathological examination revealed that the resection edge of the extradural component consisted of a spinal nerve with thickened epineurium and was free of neoplastic cells. No @entity808 component was evident in the @entity5 . No obvious transition thus existed between the extra- and @entity5 . Distinguishing these @entity5 prior to surgery is critical for determining an optimal surgical plan, as @entity808 and @entity1653 require different surgical procedures. We therefore recommend a careful review of preoperative imaging with the possibility of concurrent @entity5 in mind.

title: Concurrent spinal nerve root XXXX and @entity1653 mimicking single-component schwannoma.

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['intradural tumor', 'tumor', 'removal of the tumors', 'intradural tumors', 'extradural tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma']

entities_list: @entity4786 :: ('MESH:D017253', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromatosis']

answer: @entity808 :: (MESH:D009442,Disease) :: ['schwannoma']


abstract: @entity375 cells mate by an inducible pathway that involves agglutination, mating projection formation, cell fusion, and nuclear fusion. To obtain insight into the mating differentiation of @entity375 , we carried out a large-scale transposon tagging screen to identify genes whose expression is regulated by mating pheromone. 91,200 transformants containing random lacZ insertions were screened for @entity7791 ( @entity7791 ) expression in the presence and absence of alpha factor, and 189 strains containing @entity5681 -regulated lacZ insertions were identified. Transposon insertion alleles corresponding to 20 genes that are novel or had not previously been known to be pheromone regulated were examined for effects on the mating process. Mutations in four novel genes, FIG1, FIG2, @entity70188 / FIG3, and FIG4 were found to cause mating defects. Three of the proteins encoded by these genes, Fig1p, Fig2p, and Fig4p, are dispensible for cell polarization in uniform concentrations of mating pheromone, but are required for normal cell polarization in mating mixtures, conditions that involve cell-cell communication. Fig1p and Fig2p are also important for cell fusion and conjugation bridge shape, respectively. The fourth protein, @entity70188 /Fig3p, is required for nuclear fusion. Fig1p and Fig2p are likely to act at the cell surface as Fig1:: @entity7791 and Fig2:: @entity7791 fusion proteins localize to the periphery of mating cells. Fig4p is a member of a family of eukaryotic proteins that contain a domain homologous to the @entity375 @entity38560 . Our results indicate that a variety of novel genes are expressed specifically during mating differentiation to mediate proper cell morphogenesis, cell fusion, and other steps of the mating process.

title: Pheromone-regulated genes required for XXXX mating differentiation.

entities_list: @entity7791 :: ('MESH:D016537', 'Disease') :: ['beta-gal', 'beta-galactosidase']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Yeast']

entities_list: @entity5681 :: ('CHEBI:26013', 'Chemical') :: ['pheromone']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['yeast']


abstract: AIM: The Amplatzer duct occluder(R) is a new system for interventional occlusion of persistently @entity2461 . The purpose of our study was to determine, whether adequate evaluation of this occluder system can be obtained by echocardiography. METHOD: From 11/1999 until 12/2000, 18 @entity1 were included in the study. All underwent interventional occlusion of a @entity2461 with the Amplatzer duct occluder(R). Echocardiography was performed on admission, on day one and three and six months following the intervention. RESULTS: The mean age of our @entity1 was 4.8 years (9 months - 18.7 years, median 3.2 years), the mean weight was 18.4 kg (6.5 - 66 kg, median 14 kg). All echocardiographic findings prior to intervention were confirmed during cardiac catheterization. Following intervention we were able to visualize the occluder system and its relation to surrounding structures in all @entity1 . In none of our @entity1 we found an obstruction of the @entity358 . In 1/18 @entity1 there was a minor protrusion of the distal occluder into the descending aorta. Doppler-sonography however revealed no obstruction. Complete occlusion of the ductus arteriosus was confirmed by color Doppler echocardiography in all @entity1 within 5 days, in 17/18 @entity1 no residual shunt was detectable within 24 hours. CONCLUSION: According to our experience the results of interventional occlusion of @entity2461 in @entity1 and adolescents can be well determined by echocardiography.

title: [Echocardiographic findings before and after interventional occlusion of persistently XXXX with the amplatzer duct occluder].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'children']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['left pulmonary artery']

entities_list: @entity2461 :: ('MESH:D004374', 'Disease') :: ['patent ductus arteriosus']

answer: @entity2461 :: (MESH:D004374,Disease) :: ['patent ductus arteriosus']


abstract: We present an update of our experience with the ketogenic diet (KD) in @entity1 with @entity3148 ( @entity3148 ) to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability and our short experience with vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in the treatment of this syndrome. Between @entity3490 , 1990 and May 31, 2007, 59 @entity1 who met diagnostic criteria for @entity3148 were studied in our department. Twenty-four of them were placed on the KD and were followed up for a minimum of 2 years. Three @entity1 were treated with VNS. Sixteen (66.6%) of 24 @entity1 remained on the diet. Two @entity1 (12.5%) became @entity410 free, 10 @entity1 (62.5%) had a 75-99% decrease in @entity410 , and the remaining 4 @entity1 (25%) had a 50-74% decrease in @entity410 . Six @entity1 have been off the diet for >2 years; one of them is @entity410 free, two have @entity410 , and three, who abandoned the diet after 3 years of adhering to it, relapsed. As to the efficacy of VNS, two @entity1 had a 50-74% decrease in @entity410 and in the other @entity410 frequency remained unchanged. The device was well tolerated in all @entity1 without significant complications. Considering the severity and refractarity of @entity410 in @entity1 with @entity3148 , the fact that 12 of 16 @entity1 who remained on the diet had a significant reduction in number of @entity410 shows that the KD is at present an interesting therapeutic option. VNS may be a good alternative treatment for @entity3148 .

title: Nonpharmacologic treatments of XXXX : focus on the ketogenic diet.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'sporadic seizures']

entities_list: @entity3148 :: ('MESH:D004831', 'Disease') :: ['Dravet syndrome', 'DS']

answer: @entity3148 :: (MESH:D004831,Disease) :: ['Dravet syndrome']


abstract: The aim of this study was to reinvestigate many of the claims in the literature about @entity393 in @entity1 with Meni  re's disease. We carried this out on a well-defined group of @entity1 under well-controlled circumstances. Thus, we were able to find support for some claims and none for many others. As part of a diagnostic protocol, pure-tone and speech audiometry was performed on 111 @entity1 with Meni  re's disease according to the 'Definition Meni  re Groningen'. This was a prospective clinical cohort study. Affected ears of @entity1 suffering from Meni  re's disease show reduced hearing, both in pure-tone and in speech audiometry. A classification method was devised to determine audiogram shape in an objective manner. The results of this method indicate that affected ears more frequently show 'low' or 'low + high' @entity393 (P = 0.006). The shape of the @entity393 does not depend on the duration of the affection of the disease. In combination with the fact that the average @entity393 does not correlate with the duration of the disease, this leads to the conclusion that, if a classification of the @entity393 in Meni  re's disease is possible, such a classification cannot be connected to the duration. This conclusion is further supported by the fact that no relationship is found between the duration of the disease and the classification of the @entity393 over the 3 months before hospital admission, as given by the @entity1 in a questionnaire. A relationship between the (objective) audiometric data and the (subjective) classification of the @entity393 by the @entity1 seems to be present, but is not very strong. Correlations between pure-tone and speech audiometry are present as in non-Meni  re ears (r = 0.899, P < 0.001), and no indications are found of reduced speech discrimination relative to the expectation based on pure-tone loss. The audiogram shape does not appear to play any additional role in speech discrimination (in addition to the influence of the average pure-tone loss).

title: Pure-tone and speech audiometry in XXXX with Meni  re's disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss', 'hearing losses']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To prospectively assess the long-term @entity137 of brachytherapy in female survivors with localized genital tract @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: The data concerning 42 @entity1 treated at Gustave Roussy between 1971 and 2004, were both retrospectively and prospectively analyzed. Strictly confidential constructed surveys based on the LENT SOMA/SF-36v2 questionnaires were mailed and 51% were completed. Complications were recorded throughout the follow-up period and graded according to CTCAE, version 4.0. RESULTS: The median age at diagnosis was 1.7years (range, 0.6-16.6) and most @entity1 (69%) had @entity980 . Treatments included brachytherapy delivered in all @entity1 , chemotherapy (88%), surgery (31%), and external beam radiotherapy (5%). At a median follow-up of 15.5years, 41/42 @entity1 were alive. A total of 160 late effects were identified in 32/42 (76%) @entity1 : 72% G1-2, and 28% G3-4 (the mean number of all grade late effects per @entity1 : 4 [median: 2.5; range, 0-16] and the mean number of G3-4 late effects per @entity1 : 1[median: 0; range, 0-8]). The most common all grade late @entity137 were gynecological (75/160; 47%) and G3-4 were urinary (24/45; 53%). Sixteen @entity1 (38%) required surgical treatment of late complications. The 15-year actuarial incidence rate of G3-4 late effects was 51%. The total number of all grade and G3-4 late effects was significantly increased in @entity1 treated before 1990 (p=0.005 and p=0.008), when the cumulative dose was higher (p=0.03 and p=0.02), when the maximal dose was delivered to the ovaries (p=0.002 and p=0.04), and when the brachytherapy volume was larger (p=0.03 and p=0.02). Quality of life was good or very good in 91% of @entity1 who completed the surveys. CONCLUSION: Long-term effects decreased with advances in treatment. Stringently controlled brachytherapy parameters should allow us to pursue improvements in order to prevent or minimize long-term sequelae.

title: Late XXXX of brachytherapy after female genital tract @entity5 treated during childhood: Prospective evaluation with a long-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcomas']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the current epidemiological characteristics of @entity28 and overweight in the middle-aged and elderly populations of china and to disclose their relation with such @entity102 as @entity101 . METHODS: A questionnaire survey and physical examination were conducted among the 35-85-years-old @entity1 from 14 densely populated residential areas representative in economic development and medical conditions in 14 provinces/municipality in China (i.e., Henna, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Tianjin, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Hunan, Hubei, Yunnan, Sichuan, and Zhejiang) where a large-scale epidemiological survey of @entity955 were being conducted, one residential area for a province, selected by cluster sampling to investigate the health-related personal conditions and examine the blood pressure (BP), body height, weight, body mass index (BMI), etc. so as to understand the prevalence of overweight and @entity28 based on the diagnostic criteria of Chinese adults recommended by the Working Group on Obesity in China. RESULTS: 29056 @entity1 , 13549 males with the average body height of 168 cm +/- 7 cm, average weight of 68 kg +/- 11 kg, and average body mass index (BMI) of 24 kg/m(2) +/- 3 kg/m(2), and 15507 females with the average body height of 156 cm +/- 6 cm, average weight of 60 kg +/- 10 kg, and average BMI of 24 kg/m(2) +/- 4 kg/m(2), were surveyed. The BMI of @entity1 was significantly higher than that of @entity1 (P = 0.005). The total prevalence of overweight in the 14 provinces/municipality was 38.93%, and the standardized prevalence of overweight was 37.17%, the total prevalence of @entity28 was 13.94%, and the standardized prevalence was 12.63%. The prevalence of @entity28 of @entity1 was 12.29%, significantly lower then that of @entity1 (15.39%, P < 0.001). The prevalence of overweight of @entity1 was 412.18%, significantly higher then that of @entity1 (36.97%, P < 0.001). The prevalence rates of @entity28 and overweight increased with age in the age group 35-64; and decreased with age in the age group 65 and over. In the @entity1 , the prevalence of overweight was the highest in the age group 45-54 (44.57%), and the prevalence of @entity28 was the highest in the age 55-64 (13.60%). In the @entity1 , the prevalence of overweight was the highest in the age group 55-64 (40.10%), and the prevalence of @entity28 was the highest in the age group 65-74 (19.97%). The prevalence of @entity101 increased obviously with the BMI in these populations. CONCLUSION: Overweight and @entity28 are prevalent in China. Control of body weight is of great importance to the prevention and treatment of such @entity102 as @entity101 .

title: [Epidemiology of XXXX and overweight and relation thereof to the prevalence of @entity101 in 14 provinces/municipality in China].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: Genetic predisposition controlled by susceptibility quantitative trait loci (QTLs) contributes to a large proportion of common @entity5 . Studies of genetics of @entity5 susceptibility, however, did not address systematically the relationship between susceptibility to @entity5 in different organs. We present five sets of data on genetic architecture of @entity2 susceptibility in @entity19 , @entity1 and @entity35 . They collectively show that the majority of genes for @entity2 susceptibility are linked pair-wise and are likely identical or related. Four CcS/Dem recombinant congenic strains, each differing from strain BALB/cHeA by a different small random subset of   12.5% of genes received from strain STS/A, suggestively show either extreme susceptibility or extreme resistance for both @entity694 , which is unlikely if the two @entity5 were controlled by independent susceptibility genes. Indeed, susceptibility to @entity2 (Sluc) loci underlying the extreme susceptibility or resistance of such CcS/Dem strains, mapped in 226 (CcS-10 x CcS-19)F2 @entity19 , co-localize with susceptibility to @entity694 (Scc) loci. Analysis of additional Sluc loci that were mapped in OcB/Dem strains and Scc loci in CcS/Dem strains, respectively, shows their widespread pair-wise co-localization (P = 0.0036). Finally, the majority of published @entity1 and @entity35 @entity694 susceptibility genes map to chromosomal regions homologous to @entity19 Sluc loci. 12/12 @entity19 Scc loci, 9/11 @entity1 and 5/7 @entity35 @entity694 susceptibility loci are close to a Sluc locus or its homologous site, forming 21 clusters of lung and @entity694 susceptibility genes from one, two or three species. Our data shows that @entity5 susceptibility QTLs can have much broader biological effects than presently appreciated. It also demonstrates the power of @entity19 genetics to predict @entity1 susceptibility genes. Comparison of molecular mechanisms of susceptibility genes that are organ-specific and those with trans-organ effects can provide a new dimension in understanding individual @entity5 susceptibility.

title: Most lung and @entity694 susceptibility genes are pair-wise linked in XXXX , @entity1 and @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['colon and lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer', 'colon and lung tumors']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: Mitotic spindles of a cultured endothelial cell line from @entity1238 tadpole heart ( @entity69993 ) contain distinct subsets of differentially stabilized microtubules (MTs) enriched in tyrosinated (Tyr) and in nontyrosinated ( @entity367 ) tubulin. Generally, the distribution of the more labile Tyr-MTs and of the @entity367 -MTs indicative for the more stable MT-subclass was remarkably different. During all mitotic stages the Tyr-staining of spindle fibers predominates, whereas the @entity367 -species was mainly restricted to the peripheral regions of half spindles where the MTs have to sustain a bending stress. Moreover, @entity367 -tubulin is enriched in prophase centrosomal areas, and, from metaphase on, exclusively also in the centrioles. @entity367 -positivity does not remain constant, instead, the intensity weakens from metaphase to telophase reflecting the decreasing MT nucleating capacity of the centrosomes. During the spindle cycle, the interzonal spindle at the anaphase-telophase transition exceeds all other stages in @entity367 -stainability and retains the high amount of detyrosinated MTs during telophase. External application of millimolar @entity8870 has different effects upon spindle components organization: First, additional assembly of Tyr-MTs together with a @entity367 -negative reaction of the centrioles was registered and, secondly, a drastic disarrangement of the Tyr-staining spindle fiber component became evident. At the onset of anaphase, an extreme spindle lengthening presumably due to the separation of the Tyr- and @entity367 -MTs occurred. Obviously, the @entity367 -spindle fibers were less affected and remained largely in their original spindle position. Redistribution of anti-dynein staining following @entity8870 incubation suggests a causal relationship between inhibition of dynein motor proteins and disarrangement of different microtubular spindle components. These results suggest that the changes in the spindle framework are at least partly due to malregulation of centrosomal phosphorylation events, respectively to inactivation of special cross-bridging proteins interacting between distinct MT-subsets by a phosphate mimicking effect of @entity8870 and finally, by a @entity8870 -induced @entity572 .

title: @entity8870 affects both the tyrosination/detyrosination state of spindle microtubules and the organization of XXXX spindles.

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['displacement of polar asters']

entities_list: @entity8870 :: ('MESH:D014638', 'Chemical') :: ['vanadate']

answer: @entity69993 :: (446614(Tax:8355),Gene) :: ['XTH-2']


abstract: Renomedullary @entity8302 are benign lesions which are generally discovered in specimens nephrectomized for other @entity5 or by autopsy. We examined the histologic features of eight @entity5 from four @entity1 and investigated the appearance of @entity1970 ( @entity1970 )-positive cells in these @entity5 using immunohistochemistry. We considered that five @entity5 are cellular type and the remaining three as fibrous. Characteristic hyalinization was observed in two of the three @entity5 . All the @entity5 except for one fibrous type contained entrapped tubular cells. @entity3432 -positive cells (dendritic cells) and @entity1970 -positive cells were observed in all the @entity5 , with a more frequent occurrence in the cellular type than the fibrous type. @entity3432 -negative spindle cells were considered as fibroblasts or activated fibroblasts (myofibroblasts). The number of @entity3432 -positive cells was higher than that of @entity1970 -positive cells. Additionally, the entrapped tubular cells showed the transition to spindle cells and some of them expressed for @entity1970 . With double immunohistochemical staining, there were some cells showing positive reactions for both @entity3432 and @entity1970 . Furthermore, an ultrastructural examination confirmed the presence of @entity1970 -positive filaments in the dendritic cells and myofibroblasts. The expression of @entity2533 was observed not only in the @entity5 cells and the collecting ducts surrounding the @entity5 but also in the entrapped tubular cells. In addition, the intensity of @entity2533 was stronger in/around the @entity5 than in the areas distant from the @entity5 . The positive cells were more numerous in the cellular type than in the fibrous type. In conclusion, @entity1970 -positive cells appear in renomedullary @entity8302 and some of the cells may originate in dendritic interstitial cells, fibroblasts including myofibroblasts, and entrapped tubular cells. Furthermore, @entity2533 may contribute to the formation of @entity82 in the @entity5 .

title: Participation of @entity1970 -positive cells in renomedullary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'fibrous tumors', 'malignant tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1970 :: ('58', 'Gene') :: ['ASMA', 'alpha-smooth muscle actin']

entities_list: @entity8302 :: ('MESH:D007984', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial cell tumors']

answer: @entity8302 :: (MESH:D007984,Disease) :: ['interstitial cell tumors']


abstract: The effect of @entity519 and the @entity1122 -angiotensin system on metabolic coronary regulation in @entity548 was studied in 22 anesthetized open-chest @entity235 . Left circumflex coronary blood flow was measured with an electromagnetic flowmeter. @entity235 were ventilated with room air (n = 8) or 100% @entity26 (n = 7). A third group of @entity235 was ventilated with room air and bilaterally nephrectomized 5 h prior to starting the experimental protocol (n = 7). After control data had been obtained, @entity235 were bled from the femoral arteries into a pressurized reservoir which maintained blood pressure at 45 +/- 1 mmHg. The angiotensin II receptor blocker, @entity11605 , was then infused i.v. (0.1, 1.0, 10.0 micrograms/kg per min). Coronary blood flow was reduced by @entity548 , and no significant difference existed in coronary flow during @entity548 among the three groups. Coronary sinus @entity26 saturation was diminished in control animals during @entity548 from 26% +/- 1% to 17% +/- 1% (P less than 0.05) but normal in 100% @entity26 ventilated animals (30% +/- 3%) and in nephrectomized @entity235 (34% +/- 4%). Coronary @entity26 extraction was reduced by @entity11605 in intact but not in nephrectomized @entity235 . In six additional experiments, in which blood pressure was not artificially held constant during @entity11605 infusion, @entity11605 still significantly improved coronary sinus @entity26 saturation and thus reduced coronary @entity26 extraction. The data suggest that both @entity519 and the @entity1122 -angiotensin system participate in the restriction of metabolic coronary regulation in @entity548 .

title: Deterioration of metabolic coronary regulation in @entity548 . Role of XXXX and the @entity1122 -angiotensin system.

entities_list: @entity11605 :: ('MESH:D012504', 'Chemical') :: ['saralasin']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'hemorrhagic shock']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxia']


abstract: In @entity1468 , the ratio of @entity4770 : @entity2871 production rate is decreased favouring the vasoconstrictive @entity2871 . One of the rate-limiting steps in @entity3009 synthesis is cyclooxygenase (COX) activity. Therefore, we investigated the expression of @entity9859 and @entity2247 in @entity1 placenta and placental bed. Tissue specimens from the 29th to 40th week of pregnancy were obtained from Caesarean sections after uncomplicated and pre-eclamptic pregnancies before the onset of labour. @entity9859 and @entity2247 were localized immunohistochemically with the identification of positive cells by double immunofluorescence staining. The protein and mRNA levels were analysed by immunoblotting and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Expression of both @entity9859 and @entity2247 could be observed in placenta and placental bed. @entity9859 -like immunoreactivity was observed in most cell types with strongest staining in macrophages. Only macrophages, endothelium, vascular leiomyocytes and fibroblasts stained positively for @entity2247 . In placenta, @entity21513 expression was unchanged after @entity1468 . In placental bed, protein and mRNA levels of @entity9859 were increased in the pre-eclamptic group (P < 0.05), whereas @entity2247 expression did not differ significantly from normal pregnancies. An increased expression of @entity9859 could be involved in the pathophysiology of pre-eclamptic changes within the placental bed. A therapy with drugs inhibiting @entity9859 might be beneficial in this condition.

title: Cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in XXXX placenta and placental bed after normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancies.

entities_list: @entity2871 :: ('CHEBI:26995', 'Chemical') :: ['thromboxane']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity4770 :: ('MESH:D011464', 'Chemical') :: ['prostacyclin']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['pre-eclampsia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The new method described here is highly efficient in transferring microinjected @entity19 eggs (MEs) through the bursa membrane of a surrogate mother @entity19 to the ampulla of the oviduct without damaging the blood vessels on the bursa membrane. RESULTS: This method causes no loss of blood, and it produces newborn pups/founders from approximately 70% of the transferred MEs, because only a small hole is made on the blood vessel-free area of the bursa membrane and ampulla of the surrogate mother @entity19 . The infundibulum remains intact. The small hole on the bursa membrane/ampulla may already heal up before the delivery of the new pups. The method described here consists of a simple operation with a home-assembled @entity16834 head holding a self-closing fine forceps on one end, while the @entity16834 head assembly body is hooked up with the light housing clamp of a dissecting light microscope. The @entity16834 head assembly body can be alternatively hooked/tied up to an appropriate size of clamp (purchased from Home Depot) screwed to any light stand with folding segments. CONCLUSION: This system is able to steadily hold the self-closing fine forceps without shaking and to let the operator use their two hands to steadily hold and quickly insert the pipet carrying the MEs into the ampulla without any delay. Generally MEs stay alive for approximately 15  min at room temperature. The shorter the insertion time is, the more MEs that will survive. Thus, this method may produces more pups/founders.

title: Efficient method for transfer of microinjected eggs to @entity19 ampulla for generating XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['transgenic mice']


abstract: AIMS: The effects on angiogenesis of a novel @entity436 ( @entity436 ) antagonist, @entity1570 , derived from @entity1 stromal cell-derived factor-1beta (SDF-1beta), were examined in a model of hind limb ischaemia in @entity19 . METHODS AND RESULTS: The antagonistic activities of @entity1570 against @entity436 were evaluated in vitro and in vivo and compared with @entity1391 -buffered saline and @entity9019 (a small bicyclam antagonist of @entity1570 ). Angiogenesis, muscle regeneration and the expression of pro-angiogenic factors were evaluated in ischaemic gastrocnemius muscles. Distant toxic effects of @entity1570 were evaluated by inflammatory and apoptotic markers. @entity1570 induced @entity436 internalization and competitively inhibited the chemotaxis of SDF-1beta but did not mediate migration, @entity460 influx, or the phosphorylation of @entity584 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase in cultured @entity1619 cells or H9C2 cells. @entity1570 enhanced blood flow, angiogenesis, and muscle regeneration in ischaemic hind limbs, and the enhancement was significantly better than that of @entity9019 . Markers of angiogenesis and progenitor cell migration, including phosphorylated @entity584 , @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity1570 and @entity436 , were up-regulated by @entity1570 and co-localized with @entity2279 -positive cells. Neutralization of @entity7 with its specific antibody abolished @entity1570 -induced blood reperfusion and angiogenesis. No apparent inflammatory and apoptotic effects were found in heart, liver, kidneys, and testes after @entity1570 administration. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that the novel @entity436 antagonist, @entity1570 , can efficiently enhance @entity7499 , blood flow restoration, and muscle regeneration without apparent adverse effects, most likely through a @entity7 -dependent pathway.

title: A novel XXXX antagonist derived from @entity1 SDF-1beta enhances angiogenesis in ischaemic @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['T-lymphoblastic leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity7499 :: ('MESH:D016510', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic angiogenesis']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity436 :: ('7852', 'Gene') :: ['CXCR4', 'CXC chemokine receptor 4']

answer: @entity436 :: (7852,Gene) :: ['CXCR4']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Management of @entity1860 has changed markedly since the introduction of @entity669 kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However @entity8 ( @entity8 ) remains a valid therapeutic modality especially in developing countries due to its relatively lower cost. We aim to compare between @entity2213 and @entity8 as regard outcome in @entity1860 in the pediatric age group. METHODS: Forty-eight @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity1860 in the chronic phase, aged 3 to 18 years were enrolled in this prospective study. @entity1 without a matched donor (Group I; N=30) were assigned to receive @entity2213 at a dose of 340mg  m2  day, while @entity1 with a fully matched related donor (Group II; N=18), were offered @entity8 . Response (hematologic, cytogenetic and molecular), side effects and survival were analyzed. RESULTS: Complete hematologic response was obtained in 97% of the @entity1 in group I and 94% in group II. Major cytogenetic response (CyR) was obtained in 80% of @entity1 in group I and 100% in group II. Complete CyR was 57% in group I and 64% in group II. Major molecular response (MMR) was 36% in group I and 50% in group II with no significant difference between both groups. Six years @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was 87% in the 1st group and 61% in the 2nd group (p<0.01), while eventfree survival (EFS) was 66% in the 1st group and 50% in the 2nd group with a highly significant difference between both groups (p<0.01). Side effects were generally rare and mild in the @entity2213 arm, while adverse events were more severe and common in the @entity8 group (55% had GVHD and 78% had @entity281 ). CONCLUSION: @entity2213 has a superior @entity1349 and EFS than @entity8 in @entity1 . It is generally safe and well tolerated. @entity2213 should be the 1st line treatment of pediatric @entity1 with @entity1860 in the chronic phase. KEY WORDS: @entity1860 - @entity2213 - @entity8 - Pediatrics.

title: Management of XXXX in the Pediatric Age Group: @entity2213 or @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['SCT', 'stem cell transplantation']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib', 'Imatinib mesylate', 'imatinib mesylate', 'Imatinib']

answer: @entity1860 :: (MESH:D015464,Disease) :: ['CML']


abstract: PURPOSE: Thermobalancing therapy, provided by Therapeutic Device, which contains a natural thermoelement, and is applied topically in the projection ofthe prostate,was aimed to improve blood circulation in the affected organ. We evaluated the effectiveness of new Therapeutic Device for the treatment of @entity1 with @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a clinical non-randomized controlled trial before and after 6-month treatment. Therapeutic Device was administered to 124 @entity1 with @entity1067 as mono-therapy. The dynamic of the @entity1 ' condition was assessed by the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), ultrasound measurement of prostate volume (PV) and uroflowmetry. The control-group comprised 124 @entity1 who did not receive any treatment. The IPSS score, maximum flow rate (Qmax), and PV were compared between the groups. RESULTS: Baseline evaluation (pre-treatment) for both groups were comparable to each other with no clinically significant difference regarding age, IPSS score, Qmax and PV volume. Overall, thermobalancing therapy resulted in significant improvements from baseline to endpoint in IPSS (P = .001), IPSS storage and voiding subscores (both P = .001), and IPSS quality of life index (QoL) (P = .001) compared with control group. Moreover, comparison of parameters after 6 months treatment showed that thermobalancing therapy also improved the Qmax (P = .001), and PV (P = .001). CONCLUSION: Two years clinical trial demonstrated that thermobalancing therapy administered for 6 months provides a marked improvement in @entity1 presenting with symptomatic @entity1067 not only on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) but also in QoL and Qmax. Thus urologists should be aware about thermobalancing therapy as a non-invasive physiotherapeutic treatment option for treatment of @entity1067 ._nbsp.

title: XXXX Treatment with New Physiotherapeutic Device.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia', 'BPH']

answer: @entity1067 :: (MESH:D011470,Disease) :: ['Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This cross-sectional study was carried out in a population-based setting in Worcestershire to investigate the relationship between social deprivation and other potential prognostic factors. METHODS: A total of 762 female @entity1 diagnosed with primary @entity0 between 1 January 1998 and 31 December 1999 were selected. @entity0 included all new cases of primary @entity0 and @entity513 in situ. A total of 753 @entity1 were matched by their postcode of residence to enumeration district Townsend score and then divided into three groups based on Townsend quintiles (affluent n = 478; middle n = 157; deprived n = 118). Main outcome measures were relationships between social deprivation and @entity5 type, stage at presentation, @entity2931 receptor status, @entity5 grade and treatment type. RESULTS: Compared with the most deprived @entity1 , affluent @entity1 were less likely to present with @entity5 (70.8 per cent versus 85.9 per cent, chi2 linear trend = 6.757, p = 0.009), @entity5 of higher grade (36.0 per cent versus 44.7 per cent, chi2 linear trend = 4.201, p = 0.040), and @entity2931 receptor negative @entity5 (22.4 per cent versus 33.3 per cent, chi2 linear trend = 3.501, p = 0.061). There was no significant difference in stage or @entity5 size at presentation between deprivation groups. More deprived @entity1 with invasive @entity5 of less than 20 mm maximum diameter were significantly more likely to have mastectomies than affluent @entity1 (47.8 per cent versus 32.1 per cent, chi2 linear trend = 4.091, p = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that level of social deprivation is associated with @entity5 type, grade and @entity2931 receptor status. There was also a suggestion that increased level of deprivation was associated with increased risk of potentially unnecessary mastectomies.

title: Social deprivation and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancer', 'invasive breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['invasive ductal tumours', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Nine @entity1 with @entity43 and @entity5 treated with IV @entity2663 chemotherapy (30 mg/m2/30 min) entered this study. Plasma and peritoneal fluid levels were measured by an HPLC method with electrochemical detection. Plasma decay kinetics followed a triexponential function. A high variability of drug diffusion in @entity843 was noticed. Peak concentrations in @entity843 ranged from 1.6% to 20.5% of serum peak concentration. The concentration in peritoneal fluid reached a maximum level 6 h after the infusion ended. @entity2663 was less slowly eliminated from @entity843 than from serum. The exposure of the inflammatory peritoneal fluid to the drug expressed by area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) was also subject to significant interindividual variation, ranging from 223 to 2332 micrograms/ml X min. However, the peritoneal AUC was correlated with serum AUC and with the systemic clearance of the drug. A significant relationship between gamma glutamyltranspeptidase and both systemic clearance and either the serum or the peritoneal AUC was found, suggesting that liver plays a role in drug disposition.

title: Pharmacokinetics of @entity2663 ( @entity2663 ) after IV administration in serum and XXXX of @entity1 with @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2663 :: ('MESH:D013713', 'Chemical') :: ['teniposide', 'Teniposide']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant ascites']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant ascites']


abstract: The association between @entity281 and spontaneous @entity3152 is now well established and thought to be responsible for @entity600 in up to 40% of cases. @entity3152 that is due to @entity281 is refractory to the use of tocolytic agents. So the knowledge that @entity281 may be the cause is unhelpful once a @entity1 is admitted in spontaneous @entity3152 , since by that time there may be irreversible changes in the uterine cervix, which renders futile those attempts to inhibit the process. It would be much more logical to use the association between @entity281 and spontaneous @entity3152 to identify a group of @entity1 at risk and to intervene using antibiotic prophylaxis. It is important to record, that the earlier in gestation at which abnormal genital tract colonisation is detected, the greater is the risk of an adverse outcome. For example, @entity790 at 26-32 weeks gestation is associated with @entity600 with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.4 to 2, whereas @entity790 at 7-16 weeks gestation carries an OR of 5 to 7.5. Intervention studies have used different antibiotics in different dosage regimes by different routes of administration to @entity1 of differing risks at different gestational ages. Not surprisingly this has led to differing results. If intervention is to be successful, the antibiotics chosen should be active against @entity6981 or @entity6981 and should be used early in pregnancy in those @entity1 with the greatest degree of @entity790 . While there is logic in using intravaginal antibiotics to deliver a heavy antibiotic load to the vagina where heavy abnormal colonisation exists, there is also logic in considering systemic antibiotics to eradicate those organisms, which have already gained access to the decidua. It may be that the greatest chance of benefit would exist if both routes of administration were combined. Yet no study has evaluated the combination of both intravaginal and systemic antibiotics to eradicate @entity790 for the prevention of @entity600 .

title: Infection in the prediction and antibiotics in the prevention of spontaneous XXXX and @entity600 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm labour', 'Preterm labour']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

entities_list: @entity6981 :: ('MESH:D016585', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial vaginosis-related organisms', 'bacterial vaginosis']

entities_list: @entity790 :: ('MESH:D014564', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal genital tract flora']

answer: @entity3152 :: (MESH:D007752,Disease) :: ['preterm labour']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1420 (P4) is capable of inducing acrosome reaction in many species. The objective of this study was to determine the activity of enzymes involved in metabolism that contribute to the redox state and supply energy for acrosome reaction in cryopreserved bull spermatozoa. To accomplish this aim, acrosome reaction was induced by P4 in capacitated and non-capacitated samples. @entity3929 and @entity5906 aminotransferases (ALT, AST) and @entity908 kinase (CK) activities were measured spectrophotometrically at 340nm after acrosome reaction with P4. @entity26 consumption was measured polarographically. ALT and AST activities increased by the addition of P4 capacitated and non-capacitated samples. P4 addition provoked an increase in CK activity in non-capacitated spermatozoa compared to heparin capacitated spermatozoa with or without P4 addition. P4 increased @entity26 consumption, the percentage of acrosome reacted spermatozoa as well as the absence of acrosome integrity in both capacitated and non-capacitated @entity291 spermatozoa, but @entity26 consumption in P4 samples was significantly lower than in heparin capacitated spermatozoa (P<0.05). Acrosome reaction induction by P4 required different @entity908 kinase activity with the same @entity26 consumption and transaminases level to maintain oxidative metabolism and redox state through reducing equivalents transfer between cytosolic and mitochondrial compartment. In conclusion, P4 induces a lower oxidative metabolism during acrosome reaction in @entity291 cryopreserved spermatozoa, compared to @entity6950 induced capacitation process.

title: @entity1420 causes metabolic changes involving aminotransferases and XXXX kinase in cryopreserved @entity291 spermatozoa.

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['Progesterone']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen', 'Oxygen']

answer: @entity908 :: (MESH:D003401,Chemical) :: ['creatine']


abstract: Background. Clinical trials indicate that the benefit of adding concurrent chemotherapy to radiotherapy of locally advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) for fit elderly is similar to the benefit for younger @entity1 . However, since elderly @entity1 are under-represented in most trials, the results might be due to selection bias, thus reports from a cohort of consecutively treated @entity1 are warranted. The current single institution study reports on the influence of age on survival of locally advanced @entity1149 @entity1 treated with radiotherapy combined with or without concurrent chemotherapy. Material and methods. Altogether, 478 @entity1 completed radical radiotherapy in doses of 60-66 Gy/30-33 fractions from 1995 to June 2012; 137 of the @entity1 had concurrent chemotherapy. The data was analyzed in age groups < 60, 60-69, and >=  70 years. Results. In the analyses of overall and @entity2 specific survival the hazard ratio was related to the use of concurrent chemotherapy was 0.49 (95% CI 0.29; 0.82), 0.68 (95% CI 0.48; 0.98) and 1.01 (95% CI 0.67; 1.51) for the age groups < 60, 60-69, and >=  70, respectively. Conclusion. Use of concurrent chemotherapy to radiotherapy of locally advanced @entity1149 was associated with a survival benefit in @entity1 younger than 70 years which was not the case for @entity1 older than 70 years, indicating the need to be careful when selecting elderly @entity1 for concurrent chemo-radiation.

title: Age dependent prognosis in concurrent chemo-radiation of locally advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['NSCLC']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6600 , a @entity281 caused by @entity6598 usually thought to cause relatively minor morbidity, can cause serious and often fatal reactions in @entity1 carrying very high levels of circulating @entity6598 microfilariae (mf) following administration of microfilaricidal drugs. An experimental model of this condition would greatly aid the definition of the optimal management of this important clinical presentation. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPLE FINDINGS: Fifteen @entity6599 ( @entity3474 ) were infected with 600 infective larvae (L3) isolated from Chrysops vector flies. Animals were observed for any clinical changes; blood samples were collected every 1-2 months for 22 months, and analysed for parasitological, hematological and biochemical profiles using standard techniques. All animals became patent but remained clinically normal throughout the study. The parasitological pre-patent period was between 4-8 months, with a majority (60%) of animals becoming patent by 5 months post infection (MPI); all animals were patent by 8 MPI. Microfilarial loads increased steadily in all animals and reached a peak at 18 MPI. By 10 MPI >70% of animals had mf >8,000 mf/mL, and at 18 MPI >70% of animals had mf >30,000mf/mL with 50% of these animals with mf >50,000mf/mL. Absolute eosinophil, @entity1011 , @entity141 and @entity3529 levels were generally above normal values (NV). Positive associations were seen between microfilariaemia and @entity1712 , Hb, @entity141 , and gamma-GT values, whilst significant negative associations were seen between microfilariaemia and @entity972 , @entity413 and mononuclear leukocyte levels. CONCLUSIONS: Infection of splenectomised @entity6599 with L. loa can induce levels of circulating microfilariae, and corresponding haematological profiles, which parallel those seen in those @entity1 in danger of the severe post-microfilariacide clinical responses. Utilization of this experimental model could contribute to the improved management of the loiasis related adverse responses in @entity1 .

title: Parasitological, Hematological and Biochemical Characteristics of a Model of Hyper-microfilariaemic XXXX ( @entity6598 ) in the @entity3474 ( @entity3474 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity3474 :: ('9555', 'Species') :: ['Papio anubis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['filarial infection']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6600 :: (MESH:D008118,Disease) :: ['Loiasis']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to examine the risk of lost workdays due to sick leave and disability pension by treatment modality and relapse in a population-based cohort of @entity5 survivors versus matched comparators. METHODS: We identified 1971 @entity5 @entity1 aged  <=60  years (median 42) at diagnosis in Sweden 2003-2009 and 9254 population comparators. Information on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, sick leave, and disability pension was retrieved from nationwide prospective registers. Differences in the annual mean number of lost workdays were calculated by linear regression, and hazard ratios (HRs) of disability pension were calculated by Cox regression analysis, with follow-up through September 2013. RESULTS: Cervical @entity5 @entity1 had more lost workdays annually than comparators up to 8  years following diagnosis. Relapse-free @entity1 had more lost workdays than comparators up to 4  years. Risk of disability pension during follow-up was increased among the relapse-free @entity1 treated with hysterectomy ( @entity15012 [95  % confidence interval (CI) 1.1-2.8]), hysterectomy plus chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy (HR 2.5 [95  % CI 1.2-5.4]), or chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy alone (HR 3.0 [95  % CI 1.3-6.8]), compared with the population. @entity1 treated with fertility-sparing surgery did not have more lost workdays than the population beyond the first year and were not at increased risk of disability pension. CONCLUSION: We observed a long-standing increased risk of lost workdays among @entity5 @entity1 , overall, as well as among relapse-free @entity1 . IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: Extensive but not limited treatment was associated with increased risk of lost workdays, possibly reflecting an association between treatment side effects and work ability.

title: Lost workdays in uterine XXXX survivors compared to the general population: impact of treatment and relapse.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Women']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: The optimum therapy for @entity1 with relapsed or @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) not qualifying for @entity902 -based and/or high-dose chemotherapy is not known. We conducted a prospective phase II study evaluating a regimen consisting of @entity136 (1 g/m2, days 1 and 8), @entity1206 (30 mg/m2, days 1 and 8) and @entity229 (100 mg/day, days 1-8) (GVP) given every 21 days. Fifteen @entity1 with a median age of 68 years and a median of three previous therapies were enrolled. Diagnoses included B lymphoblastic (n=1), diffuse large B cell (n=10), anaplastic large T cell (n=2) and peripheral T-cell @entity1893 (n=2). The median international prognostic index score was 3 (six @entity1 with a score of 4 or 5). Five @entity1 achieved a complete remission and three @entity1 a partial remission. The median overall survival was 13.8 months, and the median time to next treatment was 4.4 months. @entity137 of World Health Organisation grades 3/4 were @entity1210 in 58%, @entity882 in 33% and @entity417 in 17% of all courses. Three @entity1 had grade 3 @entity281 . There was no treatment-related mortality. GVP shows substantial activity in poor prognosis relapsed or @entity146 and is generally well tolerated, but haematological @entity137 is dose limiting.

title: @entity136 , XXXX and @entity229 for refractory or relapsed @entity146 , results of a phase II single center study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Haematological toxicities']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['refractory aggressive lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', "refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas"]

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['leucopenia']

answer: @entity1206 :: (MESH:C030852,Chemical) :: ['vinorelbine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the patterns of hepatic involvement and the outcome of @entity1 with hepatic metastases from @entity2622 . METHODS: Of 1665 @entity1 with @entity2622 , 20 @entity1 with hepatic metastases were detected clinically during the course of the disease. Clinical presentation and detailed patterns of hepatic involvement were retrospectively reviewed for these @entity1 . Comparative analysis between patterns of heaptic metastases and survival data was also undertaken. RESULTS: Hepatic @entity3 from @entity2622 were nearly always accompanied by uncontrolled locoregional diseases and/or extrahepatic metastases, whereas only 1 @entity1 developed an isolated hepatic @entity3 . Ninety percent of the hepatic metastases were metachronously detected. The median time from the appearance of @entity189 to detection of hepatic metastases was 39 months, but late metastases after 5 years were not uncommon. @entity3 in 16 @entity1 consisted of @entity5 distributed in either one or both anatomical lobes, whereas only 4 @entity1 had a solitary lesion confined to a single lobe. @entity1 with hepatic metastases were unlikely to survive 2 years with a median survival of 10 months. CONCLUSION: Favorable patterns of hepatic metastases in @entity1 with @entity2622 were not major determinants of favorable survival if components of @entity6687 were concomitantly present.

title: Hepatic metastases from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['multiple tumors']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the uterine cervix']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['primary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'Metastatic lesion']

entities_list: @entity6687 :: ('MESH:D001651', 'Disease') :: ['extrahepatic disease']

answer: @entity2622 :: (MESH:D002583,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the uterine cervix']


abstract: In October 2000, 71,187 @entity1 were treated for @entity3754 using @entity3753 and @entity6566 ( @entity6567 ) or @entity6567 alone in Leogane, Haiti. We documented the frequency of adverse reactions, severity and cost of treatment. Adverse reactions were classified as minor, moderate, or severe. Overall, 24% (17,421) of the treated @entity1 reported one or more adverse reactions. There were 15,916 (91%) minor and 1502 (9%) moderate adverse reaction reports. @entity1 outnumbered @entity1 2:1 in reporting moderate problems. Three @entity1 , representing roughly one in 25,000 @entity1 treated, were hospitalized with severe adverse reactions judged to be treatment-associated by physician review. The cost per @entity1 treated for adverse reactions was more than twice the cost per @entity1 treated for @entity3754 (dollar 1.60 versus dollar 0.71). Severe adverse reactions to @entity3754 treatment using @entity6567 with or without @entity3753 are uncommon. Minor and moderate reactions are more commonly reported and their management represents a challenge to @entity3754 elimination programs.

title: Frequency, severity, and costs of adverse reactions following mass treatment for @entity3754 using @entity6566 and XXXX in Leogane, Haiti, 2000.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Men', 'person', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity3753 :: ('MESH:D015766', 'Chemical') :: ['albendazole']

entities_list: @entity6566 :: ('MESH:D004049', 'Chemical') :: ['diethylcarbamazine']

entities_list: @entity3754 :: ('MESH:D004605', 'Disease') :: ['lymphatic filariasis']

answer: @entity3753 :: (MESH:D015766,Chemical) :: ['albendazole']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background. @entity6015 is characterized by blockage of electrical impulses from the atrioventricular node (AV node) to the ventricles. This blockage can be caused by ion channel impairment that is the result of genetic variation. This study aimed to investigate the possible causative variants in a Thai family with complete @entity616 by using whole exome sequencing. Methods. Genomic DNA was collected from a family consisting of five family members in three generations in which one of three @entity1 in generation III had complete @entity616 . Whole exome sequencing was performed on one complete @entity616 affected @entity1 and one unaffected sibling. Bioinformatics was used to identify annotated and filtered variants. Candidate variants were validated and the segregation analysis of other family members was performed. Results. This study identified compound heterozygous variants, @entity69026 and @entity69027 , in the @entity1788 gene and @entity69028 in the @entity10484 gene. Conclusions. Compound heterozygous variants in the @entity1788 gene were found in the complete @entity616 affected @entity1 but these two variants were found only in the this affected sibling and were not found in other unaffected family members. Hence, these variants in the @entity1788 gene were the most possible disease-causing variants in this family.

title: Exome Sequencing Identifies Compound Heterozygous Mutations in XXXX Associated with @entity6015 in the Thai Population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity6015 :: ('MESH:C535758', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital heart block']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['heart block']

answer: @entity1788 :: (6331,Gene) :: ['SCN5A']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3119 is increasingly recognized as a treatable @entity23 . We report the first long-term, naturalistic follow-up of @entity1 with @entity3119 , which examined the @entity221 over 1 year in a cohort that had completed up to 3 months of open-label treatment with @entity837 , 20 mg/day to 60 mg/day. In that trial, 17 (71%) of 24 subjects who met McElroy and colleagues' diagnostic criteria for @entity3119 were responders (Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale rating of much or very much improved and Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale-Shopping Version score decrease of >/= 50%). METHOD: Follow-up interviews occurred 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after study end. Data gathered included comorbid conditions, estimated total debt, 2-week spending, whether the @entity1 was taking @entity837 , and illness versus remission status. Remission was defined as no longer meeting diagnostic criteria for @entity3119 . Data were gathered between March 2000 and January 2002. RESULTS: Of responders at trial end, 81% (13/16), 71% (10/14), 71% (10/14), and 73% (11/15) were in remission at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Mean 2-week compulsive shopping expenditures decreased from 773 US dollars (median = 500 US dollars) at baseline to 351 US dollars (median = 0 US dollars) at month 12, and mean total debt decreased from 17,833 US dollars (median = 20,000 US dollars) to 16,752 US dollars (median = 14,000 US dollars). No clear association was seen between taking @entity837 and remission status (p =.55, p =.08, p =.58, and p =.60 at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, respectively; Fisher exact test). The majority of trial nonresponders remained ill at each follow-up point. CONCLUSION: An acute response to @entity837 predicts a greater likelihood of continued remission over 1 year, although the mechanisms that maintain remission require further investigation.

title: A 1-year naturalistic follow-up of XXXX with @entity3119 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['impulse-control disorder']

entities_list: @entity837 :: ('MESH:D015283', 'Chemical') :: ['citalopram']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['Compulsive shopping disorder', 'compulsive shopping disorder']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['course of illness']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) progresses through three distinct clinical stages: chronic phase, accelerated phase, and @entity9638 . The progression to accelerated phase and @entity9638 is driven by activation of oncogenes, inactivation of @entity5 suppressor genes, and/or amplification of the @entity1861 fusion gene, which causes the chronic phase of the disease. The cell of origin of @entity9638 is a subject of speculation. Here, I develop a simple mathematical model of @entity1860 to investigate whether blasts arise from leukemic stem cells or more differentiated leukemic cells. I use data of @entity1 treated with @entity2213 and previous agents to estimate the effects of therapy on the rate of progression. @entity2213 reduces the progression rate 10-fold as compared with previous (ineffective) therapies. If blasts were produced by leukemic stem cells, there would be no difference in the rate of progression between @entity1 treated with @entity2213 and previous therapies, because @entity2213 seems to be incapable of depleting leukemic stem cells. @entity2213 does, however, deplete leukemic progenitors. Therefore, @entity1860 blasts are likely to arise from leukemic progenitors. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.

title: XXXX @entity9638 arises from progenitors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity9638 :: ('MESH:D001752', 'Disease') :: ['blast crisis']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'Chronic myeloid leukemia', 'CML blast crisis']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib', 'Imatinib']

answer: @entity1860 :: (MESH:D015464,Disease) :: ['Chronic myeloid leukemia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Situs inversus totalis with @entity4263 represents a relatively rare @entity558 . CASE DESCRIPTION: The current report describes the case of a 56  year old @entity1 with an atrio-ventricular and ventricular-arterial discordance of the @entity299 without surgical correction, incidentally detected during hepatocellular @entity189 evaluation. The systemic venous blood arrived via the right atrium and a mitral valve in the morphologically left but pulmonary arterial ventricle that gave rise to a pulmonary trunk. The pulmonary venous blood passed the left atrium and the tricuspid valve into a morphologically right but systemic ventricle that gave rise to the aorta. DISCUSSION AND EVALUATION: The switched anatomy was incidentally detected on echocardiography. The @entity1 was referred to cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) including flow measurements, volumetry and late enhancement. CMR results showed a mildly impaired function and the switched anatomy. During a follow-up period of 2  years the @entity1 was suffering from only mild @entity712 and @entity1353 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity712 symptoms and @entity943 can appear with increasing age in @entity1 with congenitally corrected transposition. Early CMR allows accurate diagnosis and timely introduction of adequate therapy thereby avoiding disease progression.

title: Situs inversus totalis with XXXX : insights from cardiac MRI.

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['congenital condition']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4263 :: ('MESH:C535426', 'Disease') :: ['congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart chambers']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity4263 :: (MESH:C535426,Disease) :: ['congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A decline in @entity2339 function is often seen in elderly @entity1 , and @entity14256 is common. Symptoms of both @entity2339 and @entity14256 include dysphoria, @entity1295 , and low libido. The authors compared total @entity251 levels in three groups of elderly @entity1 . METHOD: Total @entity251 levels were measured in subjects who met DSM-IV criteria for @entity308 (N=13) or @entity14256 (N=32) and a comparison group (N=175) who had participated in an epidemiological study of male aging and had scored below the median on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, a well-validated, self-report @entity308 symptom inventory. RESULTS: There were no differences among the three groups in measured demographic variables, including age and weight. Median @entity251 levels varied for those with @entity14256 (295 ng/dl), @entity308 (425 ng/dl), and no @entity308 (423 ng/dl). A test for differences in central tendency showed a statistically significant difference among the three groups. Post hoc pairwise comparisons revealed statistically significant differences between those with @entity14256 and those with @entity308 and no @entity308 . CONCLUSIONS: Total @entity251 levels were lower in elderly @entity1 with @entity14256 than in @entity1 with @entity308 and @entity1 without @entity308 symptoms. @entity14256 in elderly @entity1 may be related to @entity2339 .

title: Low @entity251 levels in elderly XXXX with @entity14256 .

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity14256 :: ('MESH:D019263', 'Disease') :: ['Dysthymic disorder', 'dysthymic disorder']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'major depressive disorder', 'depressive']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['HPG axis hypofunction', 'hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficiency of perforated punctal plug in acquired @entity850 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five eyes of 33 @entity1 who had @entity9467 due to @entity850 were included in this study. After biomicroscopic examination and lacrimal @entity384 was managed with the perforated punctal plugs in all @entity1 . In the following period @entity9467 , plug tolerance, lacrimal drainage were evaluated and graded. Lacrimal drainage was evaluated with @entity941 dye disappearing test. RESULTS: The age of the @entity1 ranged between 31 and 80 (mean 55.78      13.11). Preoperatively punctal dilatation and lacrimal system irrigations were performed on all @entity1 . Lacrimal system irrigation was positive in all @entity1 . Perforated punctal plugs were placed in the inferior puncti in all @entity1 . The plugs were explanted 6  months after operation. The follow-up period ranged between 6 and 24  months. Plug tolerance was good in 97.8% of the eyes in the 1st month visit. @entity9467 decreased remarkably in 88.9% of the @entity1 1  month after plug implantation, except one whose plug dropped off spontaneously in 2  weeks. @entity941 disappearing times were found under 3  min in 97.8% of the eyes after plug explanations. CONCLUSION: Punctum stenosis is one of the several disorders that cause lacrimal @entity3885 . Perforated punctal plugs are found convenient and effective in managing @entity850 .

title: Management of acquired XXXX with perforated punctal plugs.

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilatation punctal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity9467 :: ('MESH:D007766', 'Disease') :: ['epiphora', 'Epiphora']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['drainage obstruction']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluorescein', 'fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['punctal stenosis']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['punctal stenosis']


abstract: Though they are knowledgeable, foundation year one (FY1) doctors can lack skills and confidence in acute situations due to inexperience. This was witnessed when a new FY1 on call attended an acute @entity360 ( @entity360 ), a common emergency with a 10% in hospital mortality rate. We aimed to improve FY1s' ability to manage these critical @entity1 through simulation based teaching, before and after the introduction of an algorithm summarising current guidelines. After assessing the FY1s' perceived level of confidence in managing UGIBs, they individually attended a simulation session which evaluated specific aspects of their assessment and management plans. Immediate debriefing and subsequent teaching sessions reinforced learning points, with an algorithm instituted as an aide m  moire to improve efficiency. A repeat simulation session assessed improvements in both subjective confidence and objective management targets. All FY1s expressed improved confidence in managing @entity1 with UGIBs. There were improvements across the board in their assessment and management, notably: verbalisation of concern for @entity551 increased to 100% (from 60%), two points of intravenous access requested in 100% of cases (from 53%), and a 76 second reduction in time to call for senior support. Collectively, these individual aspects led to improved @entity1 care. Effective management of acute @entity1 is best learnt through exposure, and simulation based teaching provides a safe but powerful modality to aid transition from textbook theory to ward situations. Algorithms can streamline care and hasten the stabilisation of @entity1 . This project reinforces generic competencies that FY1s can translate to their management of not only UGIBs, but many acute presentations, providing a convincing argument for broader simulation use in FY1 teaching.

title: Promoting the management of acute upper XXXX among junior doctors: a quality improvement project.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['UGIB', 'upper gastrointestinal bleed']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal bleeds']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Localized @entity263 is a common disease for which minimally invasive treatment methods are being explored. Perineal prostatectomy, as a historical open procedure, is modified to incorporate contemporary surgical ideas. There is relatively little in the literature regarding modern adaptations of perineal prostatectomy. This method of anatomic radical perineal prostatectomy has been developed to accomplish a minimally invasive method of achieving goals of disease control and preservation of genito-urinary functions. METHODS: Prospective outcome data is accumulated on 508 consecutive radical perineal prostatectomies by a single surgeon. Pathologic stage and PSA detectability are measures of @entity5 control. Pad use and ability to complete intercourse measure urinary and sexual function. General complications and other outcome measures are evaluated. RESULTS: Freedom from PSA detectability by pathologic stage is 96.3%, 79.4%, and 69.4% for organ confined, specimen confined and margin positive in the absence of seminal vesical invasion with an average 4 years follow up (3-114 months). Margins are positive in 18% of cases. The average @entity5 size is 9.4g and 36% of cases have extracapsular invasion. By the first, third, sixth months and one year, 38%, 65%, 88% and 96% are free of pad use and report being dry. While over 80% of nerve-spared @entity1 enjoy the return of spontaneous erectile function, the @entity1 with bilateral nerve preservation note earlier and more complete return of function. There are no cardiopulmonary complications or @entity204 . Transfusions occurred in 1%, none in the past 400 cases. Average total hospital charges are USD 4889.00 in 1999 and 2000. @entity3832 , anastomotic strictures and fecal urgency/stress flatus occur 2%, 2% and 2-4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This method of prostatectomy is able to achieve complete @entity5 resection while preserving urinary and sexual function as well as laparoscopic or retropubic prostatectomy. The simplicity and minimally invasive nature of this procedure contribute to a short recovery and low overall cost of therapy. The anatomic radical perineal prostatectomy is a cost-efficient, outcome effective minimally invasive method of treating @entity1 with @entity263 .

title: Radical perineal prostatectomy: cost efficient, outcome effective, minimally invasive XXXX management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3832 :: ('MESH:D014525', 'Disease') :: ['Anterior urethral strictures']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Computed tomography perfusion (CTP) is increasingly being used in the setting of @entity64 ( @entity64 ). The aim of the current study was to compare the prognostic utility of, and inter-observer variation between, baseline appearances on non-contrast CT (using Alberta @entity64 Program Early CT score(ASPECTS)) and on CTP for predicting final @entity1188 volume. We also assessed impact of training on interpretation of these images. METHODS: Retrospectively, plain head computed tomography (CT) and CTP images at presentation and CT or diffusion imaging on follow up of @entity1 with @entity64 were analyzed. The lesion volume on different CTP parameters was then correlated with the final @entity1188 volume. This analysis was done by a Neuroradiologist, a @entity64 Neurologist and a medical student. Kappa statistics and Intra-class correlation coefficients were used for agreement between readers. Pearson correlation coefficients were used. RESULTS: Thirty eight @entity1 with @entity64 met all inclusion criteria. There was very good agreement among all readers for the CTP parameters. There was only fair agreement for ASPECT score. Correlation coefficient (r-square) between CTP parameters and final @entity1188 volume showed that cerebral blood volume was the best parameter to predict the final @entity1188 volume followed by cerebral blood flow and time to peak. The best reader to predict the final @entity1188 volume on the initial CT perfusion study was the neuroradiologist followed by medical student and @entity64 neurologist. CONCLUSIONS: Cerebral blood volume defect correlated the best with the final @entity1188 volume. There was a very good inter-observer agreement for all the CTP maps in predicting the final @entity1188 volume despite the wide variation in the experience of the readers.

title: CT Perfusion in XXXX Predicts Final Infarct Volume- Inter-observer Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['acute ischemic stroke', 'AIS', 'stroke', 'Stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Acute Stroke']


abstract: In the crystal structure of a calmodulin (CaM)-bound @entity21890 domain of @entity1 inducible @entity842 synthase ( @entity3623 ), the CaM-binding region together with CaM forms a hinge, and pivots on an R536( @entity3623 )/E47(CaM) pair (Xia et al. J Biol Chem 284:30708-30717, 2009). Notably, isoform-specific @entity1 inducible @entity3623 S562 and C563 residues form @entity3884 bonds with the R536 residue through their backbone oxygens. In this study, we investigated the roles of the S562 and C563 residues in the @entity3623 @entity21890 - @entity1446 interdomain electron transfer (IET), the rates of which can be used to probe the interdomain @entity21890 / @entity1446 alignment. @entity1 inducible @entity3623 @entity69865 and @entity69866 mutants of an oxygenase/ @entity21890 (oxyFMN) construct were made by introducing charged residues at these sites as found in @entity1 neuronal @entity3623 and endothelial @entity3623 isoforms, respectively. The IET rate constant of the @entity69865 mutant is notably decreased by one third, and its @entity1785 fluorescence intensity per micromole per liter is diminished by approximately 24  %. These results suggest that a positive charge at position 562 destabilizes the @entity3884 -bond-mediated @entity3623 /CaM alignment, resulting in slower @entity21890 - @entity1446 IET in the mutant. On the other hand, the IET rate constant of the @entity69866 mutant is similar to that of the wild-type, indicating that the mutational effect is site-specific. Moreover, the @entity1 inducible @entity3623 oxyFMN @entity69867 mutant was constructed to disrupt the bridging CaM/ @entity3623 interaction, and its @entity21890 - @entity1446 IET rate was decreased by 96  %. These results demonstrated a new role of the isoform-specific @entity563 residue of the key CaM/ @entity21890 ( @entity3623 ) bridging site in regulating the @entity21890 - @entity1446 IET (possibly by tuning the alignment of the @entity21890 and @entity1446 domains).

title: Role of an isoform-specific XXXX residue in @entity21890 - @entity1446 electron transfer in inducible @entity842 synthase.

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

answer: @entity563 :: (CHEBI:17822,Chemical) :: ['serine']


abstract: We aimed to summarize the etiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and possible treatment options of @entity250 in @entity6 @entity1 of both sexes. Details of dysfunction in @entity6 @entity1 are less conclusive than in @entity1 due to the lack of standardized evaluation of sexual function in @entity1 . Male @entity250 is a common complication of @entity6 , including abnormalities of orgasmic/ejaculatory function and desire/libido in addition to penile erection. The prevalence of @entity323 ( @entity323 ) among @entity6 @entity1 varies from 35% to 75%. @entity6 -induced @entity323 has a multifactorial etiology including metabolic, neurologic, vascular, hormonal, and psychological components. @entity323 should be regarded as the first sign of @entity65 because it can be present before development of symptomatic @entity453 , as larger coronary vessels better tolerate the same amount of plaque compared to smaller penile arteries. The diagnosis of @entity323 is based on validated questionnaires and determination of functional and @entity347 . First-, second- and third-line therapy may be applied. @entity7856 ( @entity7856 ) inhibitor treatment from the first-line options leads to smooth muscle relaxation in the corpus cavernosum and enhancement in blood flow, resulting in erection during sexual stimulus. The use of @entity7856 inhibitors in the presence of oral @entity3362 is strictly contraindicated in @entity6 @entity1 , as in nondiabetic subjects. All @entity7856 inhibitors have been evaluated for @entity323 in @entity6 @entity1 with convincing efficacy data. Second-line therapy includes intracavernosal, trans- or intraurethral administration of vasoactive drugs or application of a vacuum device. Third-line therapies are the implantation of penile prosthesis and penile revascularization.

title: @entity250 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity3362 :: ('MESH:D009566', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrates']

entities_list: @entity347 :: ('MESH:D019965', 'Disease') :: ['organic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to examine the treatment of @entity1 with @entity2704 in a prospective sample of @entity1 referred to a tertiary center for @entity10 . BACKGROUND: Despite the wide diffusion of guidelines for @entity10 management in @entity1 , their application in general practice is far from optimal. METHODS: This prospective study analyzed previous @entity10 treatment by general practitioners in 151 consecutive @entity1 (F/M: 0.82; mean age 10.4 +/- 3.2 years) referred for @entity2704 to the Lille University Hospital Neuropediatric department between October 1, 2003, and November 30, 2005. The physician completed a questionnaire according to the parents' responses to questions about previous advice about life-style adjustments (diet, exercise, and sleep hygiene) and abortive and prophylactic treatment. Questions about abortive treatment covered ergot derivatives, @entity2703 , and 3 aspects of @entity5018 use-appropriate dose (ie, more than 7.5 mg/kg), recommendation to administer the drug early in attacks, and warnings about @entity734 . Under the topic of prophylactic treatment, we asked about information from general practitioners about preventive therapy and advice to keep a @entity10 diary. RESULTS: Fewer than 15% of @entity1 had received advice about life-style adjustments. Only 30.3% had received @entity5018 at a correct dose (more than 7.5 mg/kg); only 26.5% were told to use it early during the @entity10 ; and only 9.1% were warned about @entity734 . Ergot derivatives were prescribed to 4.6% of @entity1 and @entity2703 to 9.1%. Families of 17.9% reported that the general practitioners gave them information about prophylactic treatment. Only 8.0% were advised to keep a @entity10 diary. CONCLUSION: This study shows the need to increase the role and the involvement of family doctors in the management of primary @entity10 in @entity1 in general, and of pediatric @entity2704 in particular.

title: French general practitioners' management of @entity1 's XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2703 :: ('MESH:D014363', 'Chemical') :: ['triptans']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity2704 :: ('MESH:D008881', 'Disease') :: ['migraine', 'migraine headaches', 'migraines']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache', 'headaches']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug abuse']

answer: @entity2704 :: (MESH:D008881,Disease) :: ['migraine headaches']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Discovering an effective approach to provide cardioprotection against @entity453 has long been sought. We studied the cardioprotective effect of resistance training against @entity63 -reperfusion-induced injury. METHODS: Twenty male @entity35 were divided into trained and sedentary groups (n = 10 in each). The @entity35 were exercised in squat-training apparatus (12 repetitions/set, four sets/day and five days/week for 12 weeks). After the last training session, transient regional @entity63 of left anterior descending coronary artery (40 min) was followed by 80 min of reperfusion. Coronary flow, left ventricular developed pressure, diastolic pressure and @entity1188 size were measured. RESULTS: After 35 min of @entity63 , coronary flow and developed pressure were higher in trained than untrained groups (10.37    0.96 vs 7.54    0.89 mL/min   g, p < 0.01 for coronary flow and 67.74    3.31 vs 52.39    4.28 mm Hg, p < 0.01 for developed pressure) and this difference persisted until 50 min of reperfusion (10.59    0.88 vs 7.71    0.73 mL/ /min   g, p < 0.01 for coronary flow and 58.12    4.07 vs 39.56    3.79 mm Hg, p < 0.01 for developed pressure). Diastolic pressure was significantly lower from 35 min of @entity63 (11.51    5.37 vs 24.53    5.44 mm Hg, p < 0.05) through 35 min of reperfusion in trained rather than sedentary @entity35 (30.62    3.19 vs 43    7.11 mm Hg, p < 0.01). Resistance exercise training reduced the @entity1188 size statistically in trained @entity35 as compared with sedentary animals (39.32    4.09 vs 29.36    4.17 percentage of zone at risk, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results show that chronic resistance exercise provides cardioprotection against @entity296 .

title: Role of 12-week resistance training in preserving the heart against XXXX -reperfusion-induced injury.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injuries']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and clinical characteristics of small partial laryngectomy without tracheotomy for @entity7279 stage @entity189 . METHOD: Forty-five @entity1 with @entity1358 in @entity7279 stage received small partial laryngectomy without tracheotomy. RESULT: All @entity1 were primarily healed and were hospitalized for an average of 11.5 days post-operatively. In all @entity1 , the function of respiration and the reflection of cough were normal, and @entity3885 did not happen. The only postoperative complication was @entity9285 noted in 29 @entity1 . Among them, @entity9285 extincted after 4-6 days in 26 patiens, only 3 patiens suffered from @entity245 because the @entity9285 extincted after 2 weeks. Mild @entity9285 did not affect the function of respiration and deglutition, healing of wound, and psychology of @entity1 . All @entity1 had been followed-up for 1-13 years. Only 2 @entity1 died of @entity5 recurrence or @entity3 . The function of respiration and deglutition were normal in the living @entity1 , and no implanting @entity3 on surface of @entity825 were found. CONCLUSION: The theoretical foundation of small partial laryngectomy without tracheotomy for @entity7279 stage @entity189 has been well established. This surgical technique is feasible, safe and effective. It can significantly improve clinical outcome of @entity7279 stage @entity189 with minimal invasiveness. Furthermore, it can obviously abate the surgical, physiological and psychological @entity130 on @entity1 .

title: [Small partial laryngectomy without tracheotomy for @entity7279 stage XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity9285 :: ('MESH:D013352', 'Disease') :: ['subcutaneous emphysema']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['delayed healing']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['glottic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal squamaous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['glottic carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of minimally invasive interventional radiologic (IR) techniques in the management of uretero-enteric fistulae in comparison to established surgical modalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five @entity1 (16 @entity1 , 9 @entity1 ) with a mean age of 47 (range: 19-77 years) with uretero-enteric fistulae were treated with percutaneous nephrostomy, double "J" stent, radiologic uretero-neocystostomy, and radiologic uretero-pyelocalicostomy. All @entity1 had a single @entity292 each. Uretero-enteric @entity292 were due to direct or iatrogenic @entity130 in 14 @entity1 (uretero-ileal @entity292 , n=6; uretero-colonic @entity292 , n=4; uretero-duodenal @entity292 , n=2; uretero-pancreatic @entity292 , n=1; uretero-fallopian tube, n=1), complications of @entity530 in 4 @entity1 (uretero-sigmoid @entity292 , n=4), @entity32 in 4 @entity1 (uretero-ileal @entity292 , n=2; uretero-sigmoid @entity292 , n=2), and @entity2530 of renal transplants in 3 @entity1 (uretero-sigmoid @entity292 , n=3). RESULTS: Drainage by percutaneous nephrostomy and double "J" stent resulted in closure of 8 uretero-enteric fistulae over 7-16 weeks. Four uretero-enteric fistulae obliterated after re-routing urine flow using 3 radiologic uretero-neocystostomies and one IR pyelocalicostomy. In other @entity1 , flow through the fistulae was substantially decreased by five double "J" stents and 3 percutaneous nephrostomies. The duration of inpatient hospitalization was significantly less for @entity1 managed successfully by IR procedures than those treated by surgical modalities, 5.07 versus 10.5 days mean (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: IR procedures provided definitive treatment in 48% of uretero-enteric fistulae at significantly reduced inpatient hospitalization and cost. As palliative treatment, it improved the quality of life.

title: Minimally invasive radiologic techniques in the treatment of uretero-enteric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory disease']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'fistulas']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['avascular necrosis']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['fistulas']