abstract: BACKGROUND: Pemphigus is a group of autoimmune blistering diseases of which the major forms are @entity7271 ( @entity7271 ) and vulgaris ( @entity4406 ). In Brazil, @entity7271 occurs in an endemic form also known as fogo selvagem. The main autoantibody in @entity7271 is against @entity7620 ( @entity7620 ), while in @entity4406 the main antibody is anti- @entity8260 ( @entity8260 ), but often anti- @entity7620 is also present. The aim of the present study was to analyze the levels of anti- @entity7620 and antiDSG3 autoantibodies in Brazilian @entity7271 and @entity4406 @entity1 , considering different stages of the disease for @entity7271 @entity1 and comparing these levels to those of healthy individuals living in and outside the endemic regions. METHODS: Levels of anti- @entity7620 and anti- @entity8260 were measured in the sera of Brazilian @entity7271 (n = 68) and @entity4406 (n = 20) @entity1 as well as in clinically healthy (control) individuals (n = 48) by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Comparisons were made using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS: As expected, anti- @entity7620 was more prevalent among @entity7271 @entity1 (84% against 43% in @entity4406 ), while antiDSG3 was more prevalent in @entity4406 @entity1 (50% against 4% in @entity7271 ). Levels of anti- @entity7620 in @entity7271 @entity1 in remission differed from those in @entity1 undergoing active disease (p = 0.003), and @entity1 in long-term remission (more than two years without presenting @entity75 ) were similar to control individuals living in the endemic region and surrounding area (p = 0.09). Moreover, @entity1 with a more severe form of the disease had higher levels of anti- @entity7620 (at least 134 U/mL, mean of 233 U/mL) than @entity1 with a less severe form (fewer lesions) (mean of 193 U/mL, including two negative individuals). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the importance of these antibodies for diagnosis and management purposes, their presence in a healthy individual and in @entity1 under remission indicates that caution should be taken when using anti-DSG for diagnosis, especially in endemic areas.

title: Anti- @entity7620 and 3 Autoantibody Levels in Endemic Pemphigus Foliaceus and XXXX from Brazil.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7271 :: ('MESH:D010392', 'Disease') :: ['pemphigus foliaceus', 'PF']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['new lesions']

answer: @entity7271 :: (MESH:D010392,Disease) :: ['Pemphigus Vulgaris']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 57 Background: Histoscanning is a novel ultrasound-based software programme, which uses back-scattered ultrasound, to detect and @entity263 . It is not clear to date which additive information histoscanning will deliver terms of additive information to ultrasound guided transrectal biopsy as research is scarce.Therefore we aimed to analyze our data on repeat biopsy with histoscanning prior to intervention. METHODS: From Sept. 2009 till present, 61 @entity1 , mean age 62 yrs, that were scheduled for repeat biopsy received Histoscanning prior to intervention. Acquired data were retrospectively processed with Histoscanning software version 2.2 and prostate was divided into a 6 grid pattern. Lesions >= 0,5ml were considered positive. Biopsies were taken according to Vienna normogram and processed by an experienced uropathologist. RESULTS: Mean number of biopsies prior to repeat was 2. Mean PSA at repeat biopsy was 7,135 ng/ml, mean prostate volume accounted for 45.5 ml. A total of 15/61 @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity5 (24,59%), Gleason Score (Gl.) of 6 n=10, n=2 Gl. 3+4=7, n=2 Gl. 4+4; n=2 Gl. 4+5=9 respectively. A total of 43/834=5.15% positive cores were obtained, averaging 0.7 per @entity1 . Mean Volume of Histoscanning lesions per scan: 1,48 ml; no statistical significance can be detected regarding the volume per sextant and a positive core. False positive rate was 90/366=24,6%; false negative rate was 19/366=5,2%. Overall sensitivity was 29,69%, specifity accounted for 73.3%. @entity2286 was calculated at 8.16% and NPV at 92,88%. PSA had no influence on detection rate. CONCLUSIONS: In this highly seleted @entity1 cohort Histoscanning had no beneficial nor additive information on detecting @entity263 . Further research should has to be done regarding Histoscanning lesions with different histopathological features such as @entity1069 and @entity82 .

title: Is histoscanning a valid tool to XXXX in repeat biopsy?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['visualize prostate carcinoma', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['detect prostate cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Intrarenal hemodynamics depend on blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and smoking. Although BP levels have been associated with kidney function, the effect of HR levels, BP, and HR variability on renal function are less well clarified. This cross-sectional study sought to determine the association of 24-hour BP and HR variability with kidney function in @entity101 @entity1 , stratified by smoking. The study comprised 9600 nondiabetic, never-treated @entity101 individuals without evident @entity8 examined from 1985 to 2014 (aged 53.3  13.4  years, 55.3% males). The 24-hour systolic BP (SBP) and HR variability were estimated via their coefficient of variation (CV =standard deviation*100/mean value) derived from ambulatory recording. The CV SBP-to-CV HR ratio (CV R) was used as a marker of the interplay between 24-hour SBP and HR variability. Renal function was estimated via 24-hour urine @entity1011 clearance (CrCl), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albumin-to- @entity1011 ratio (ACR), and 24-hour urine a1 -microglobulin. After adjustment for age, sex, and smoking, CV SBP was  found to be weakly correlated to eGFR (r=-0.017, P=.1) and somewhat more strongly to CrCl, ACR, and a1 -microglobulin (r=-0.032, 0.072, and 0.065; P=.002, <.001 and <.001, respectively). CV HR was much better related to renal function, with stronger adjusted correlations to CrCl, eGFR, ACR, and a1 -microglobulin (r=0.185, 0.134, -0.306, -0.247; all P<.001, respectively). CV R also showed equally good adjusted correlations (r=-0.175, -0.125, 0.336, 0.262; all P<.001, respectively). Most adjusted correlations for CV HR and CV R were even better in smokers (r=0.213, 0.158, -0.332, -0.272 and -0.183, -0.118, 0.351, 0.275, respectively; all P<.001). CV HR and CV R emerge as better related to kidney function than CV SBP, especially in smokers. The correlation of CV HR and CV SBP to renal function is inverse to each other. ACR and a1 -microglobulin are better related to variability indices than CrCl and eGFR. However, causal relations cannot be proved.

title: Correlation of 24-Hour Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Variability to Renal Function Parameters in @entity101 XXXX . The Effect of Smoking.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: @entity3363 , mainly @entity969 , that are synthesized in source organs are transported to sink organs to support growth and development. Phloem loading of @entity969 is a crucial step that drives long-distance transport by elevating hydrostatic pressure in the phloem. Three phloem loading strategies have been identified, two active mechanisms, apoplastic loading via @entity969 transporters and symplastic polymer trapping, and one passive mechanism. The first two active loading mechanisms require metabolic energy, @entity1735 is loaded into the phloem against a concentration gradient. The passive process, diffusion, involves equilibration of @entity969 and other metabolites between cells through plasmodesmata. Many higher plant species including @entity958 utilize the active loading mechanisms to increase @entity1735 in the phloem to higher concentrations than that in mesophyll cells. In contrast, recent data revealed that a large number of plants, especially woody species, load @entity969 passively by maintaining a high concentration in mesophyll cells. However, it still remains to be determined how the worldwide important cereal crop, @entity579 , loads @entity969 into the phloem in source organs. Based on the literature and our results, we propose a potential strategy of phloem loading in @entity579 . Elucidation of the phloem loading mechanism should improve our understanding of @entity579 development and facilitate its manipulation towards the increase of crop productivity.

title: The mechanism of phloem loading in @entity579 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbohydrates']

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['Oryza sativa']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this study was to identify possible associations between medicines used in pregnancy and preterm deliveries using data mining as a screening tool. SETTINGS: Prospective cohort study. METHODS: We used data mining to identify possible correlates between @entity3152 and medicines used by 92,235 pregnant Danish @entity1 who took part in the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC). We then evaluated the association between one of the identified exposures (vaccination) and the risk for @entity600 by using logistic regression. The @entity1 were classified into groups according to their exposure to vaccination. The regression analyses were adjusted for the following covariates: parity, @entity1 's gender, maternal Body-Mass Index (BMI), age, smoking, drinking, job, number of inhabitants in the place of residence, @entity281 , @entity6 , @entity101 and @entity1468 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Preterm birth, a delivery occurring before the 259th day of gestation (i.e., less than 37 full weeks). RESULTS: Data mining had indicated that maternal vaccination (among other factors) might be related to @entity600 . The following regression analysis showed that, the @entity1 who reported being vaccinated shortly before or during gestation had a slightly higher risk of giving @entity600 (O.R. = 1.14; 95% CI 1.04-1.25) as compared to the non-vaccinated group. CONCLUSION: Whether the association between maternal vaccination and the risk for @entity600 found here is causal or not deserves further studies. Data mining, especially with additional refinements, may be a valuable and very efficient tool to screen large databases for relevant information which can be used in clinical and public health research.

title: Maternal vaccination and XXXX : using data mining as a screening tool.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm delivery']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['high blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['preterm birth']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity548 is an infrequent but life-threatening complication after stapled digestive tract @entity254 . Endovascular embolization is one of the available treatments, but precise clinical outcomes are yet to be evaluated. PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endovascular embolization for managing @entity548 after stapled digestive tract @entity254 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-eight @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity548 after stapled digestive tract @entity254 by digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Curative effect was summed for analysis. RESULTS: All @entity548 arteries were located in the stoma and were identified by contrast agent spillover by DSA. The offending arteries were superselectively catheterized and embolized with microcoils and/or gelatin sponge particles. Laboratory examinations showed normal hemoglobin and red blood cell counts when the @entity1 ' abdominal cavity drainage @entity5274 stopped draining blood. The follow-up period was 3.2-84.7 months (median, 19.7 months). Four @entity1 died during this time, of which two had @entity201 , one had @entity356 with @entity5 recurrence and @entity881 , and the final @entity1 had a @entity510 4 months after embolization. In the surviving @entity1 , no rebleeding occurred after embolization and no additional intervention or surgery was required. CONCLUSION: Endovascular embolization is safe and effective for managing @entity548 after stapled digestive tract @entity254 .

title: Endovascular embolization for managing XXXX after stapled digestive tract @entity254 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Anastomotic bleeding', 'bleeding', 'anastomotic bleeding']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ failure']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['anastomotic bleeding']


abstract: OBJECT: To define the role of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for the treatment of @entity1 with @entity279 . METHODS: Between 1992 and 2009, 26 @entity279 in 14 @entity1 (9 female and 5 male) were treated with GKRS. Mean age of @entity1 at the time of treatment was 45.1 years (range 25-61). @entity280 was established in 7 @entity1 , and 7 @entity1 had @entity279 . Twenty-one @entity5 were solid, 4 were cystic, and 1 had both components. Four @entity1 were treated with upfront radiosurgery, and 10 were treated following a resection. Mean @entity5 volume was 1.65 cm3 (range 0.08-9.02, median 1.1 cm3). Mean dose to the @entity5 margin was 18 Gy (range 10-25, median 18). @entity1 were assessed clinically and radiologically at 6- to 12-month intervals following GKRS. The median follow-up was 3 years (range 0.5-12 years). Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess factors predictive of @entity5 progression, and factors predictive in univariate analysis (P < 0.10) were entered into Cox multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS: On follow-up, 4 @entity5 were stable in volume (15%), 14 decreased (54%), and 8 increased (31%). @entity5 control rates at 1, 5, and 10 years was 89%, 74%, and 50%, respectively. There was a trend toward @entity5 progression in sporadic @entity1 (P = 0.10), @entity1 (P = 0.09), and larger @entity5 (P = 0.10). In @entity1 with @entity279 as compared to those with only a solitary @entity279 , the radiosurgically treated lesion was 7.9 times more likely to progress after GKRS treatment (P = 0.018). This remained the only significant predictor in multivarialble analysis. At the last clinical follow-up, seven @entity1 showed no change or improvement in their symptoms and seven deteriorated. CONCLUSION: Stereotactic radiosurgery offers a reasonable rate of @entity5 control and preservation of neurologic function in @entity1 with @entity279 . @entity1 with @entity279 are less likely to exhibit long-term @entity5 control of @entity75 following radiosurgery.

title: Gamma knife radiosurgery for XXXX --outcome at 3 years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity279 :: ('MESH:D018325', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioblastoma', 'multiple hemangioblastomas', 'hemangioblastomas', 'sporadic hemangioblastomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Local tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['treated lesions']

entities_list: @entity280 :: ('MESH:D006623', 'Disease') :: ['von Hippel-Lindau disease']

answer: @entity279 :: (MESH:D018325,Disease) :: ['intracranial hemangioblastomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1205 in combination with @entity900 or @entity136 are active chemotherapy reigimes against @entity1149 . We compared the efficacy and safety of a combination of @entity900 and @entity1205 (group 1) with that of @entity136 and @entity1205 (group 2) in the treatment of advanced @entity1149 in a prospective, randomised, multicentre trial. METHODS: @entity1 with stage IIIB or @entity2 who had not had prior chemotherapy were allocated either to group 1 and treated with @entity1205 (100 mg/m(2), day 1) and @entity900 (80 mg/m(2), day 2) or to group 2 and treated with @entity136 (1100 mg/m(2), days 1 and 8) and @entity1205 (100 mg/m(2), day 8). All @entity1 received recombinant @entity1 @entity1261 (150 mg/m(2)). All @entity1 received recombinant @entity1 @entity1261 (150 mg/m(2)) had appropriate standard premedication. Response and @entity137 were assessed using WHO criteria. Analysis was by intention to treat. FINDINGS: 441 @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive @entity1205 / @entity900 (group 1, n=219) or @entity136 / @entity1205 (group 2, n=222). 14 @entity1 in group 1 and 21 @entity1 in group 2 were not evaluable. Objective response rates were similar in the two groups: group 1, 32.4% (95% CI 26.2-38.6%; 1.4% complete response and 31% partial response); group 2, 30.2% (24.5-36.2%; 0.9% complete response and 29.3% partial response). The two groups did not differ in median duration of response, time to @entity5 progression, overall survival, or 1 year or 2 year survival rates. INTERPRETATION: Both drug combinations had comparable activity in @entity1 with advanced @entity5 who had not previously had chemotherapy; however, @entity136 and @entity1205 had the most favourable @entity137 profile.

title: Platinum-based and non-platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced XXXX : a randomised multicentre trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['Docetaxel', 'docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['IV lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: cDNA clones encoding the alpha chain of the @entity19 lymphocyte-Peyer's patch adhesion molecule (LPAM), which is associated with lymphocyte homing, have been isolated by screening with the @entity1 VLA-4 (alpha 4h) probe. Several alpha 4 antigenic determinants were identified on COS-7 cells after transfection. From overlapping clones, approximately 5 kb of contiguous @entity377 sequence have been determined, encoding a protein sequence of 1039 @entity1522 for the LPAM alpha chain (alpha 4m). LPAM is a member of the integrin family of cell-surface heterodimers, and alpha 4m is the @entity19 homologue of the @entity1 alpha 4 h chain. The two proteins have a total sequence similarity of 84%, with an almost perfect conservation (31/32 @entity1522 ) in the cytoplasmic domain. Like alpha 4h, alpha 4m is distinct from other integrin alpha chains because it has neither an I-domain nor a @entity1473 -terminal cleavage site. The positions of the characteristic @entity462 residues are conserved, and a putative protease cleavage site is located near the middle of the protein sequence. The @entity2733 -terminal part of the protein contains seven homologous repeats, and three of them include putative divalent cation-binding sites. These sites are among the most conserved between the alpha 4m sequence and other alpha chains, and may therefore be involved in the binding of integrin alpha and beta chains. An additional cDNA clone was isolated which shares a sequence of perfect homology with the alpha 4m encoding cDNAs, but has a unique 3' @entity12564 end. This observation correlates with the fact that three discrete @entity19 RNA bands are observed in Northern blot experiments using alpha 4m as a probe, whereas only two @entity1 RNA species are described for alpha 4h, indicating a higher complexity for @entity19 than for @entity1 sequences.

title: Cloning and expression of cDNAs for the alpha subunit of the XXXX lymphocyte-Peyer's patch adhesion molecule.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['Cysteine']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze genome-wide changes in chondrocyte gene expression in a surgically induced model of @entity571 ( @entity7441 ) in @entity35 , to assess the similarity of this model to @entity1 @entity7441 , and to identify genes and mechanisms leading to @entity7441 pathogenesis. METHODS: @entity7441 was surgically induced in 5 @entity35 by anterior cruciate ligament transection and partial medial meniscectomy. Sham surgery was performed in 5 additional animals, which were used as controls. Both groups underwent 4 weeks of forced mobilization, 3 times per week. RNA was extracted directly from articular chondrocytes in the @entity7441 ( @entity7441 ), contralateral, and sham- @entity7441 knees. Affymetrix GeneChip expression arrays were used to assess genome-wide changes in gene expression. Expression patterns of selected dysregulated genes, including @entity794 , @entity1550 , @entity3531 , @entity26903 , Ptges, and @entity436 , were validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, or immunohistochemistry 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery. RESULTS: After normalization, comparison of @entity7441 and sham- @entity7441 samples showed 1,619 differentially expressed probe sets with changes in their levels of expression > or = 1.5-fold, 722 with changes > or = 2-fold, 135 with changes > or = 4-fold, and 20 with changes of 8-fold. Dysregulated genes known to be involved in @entity1 @entity7441 included @entity1550 , @entity3531 , and @entity3840 , among others. Several dysregulated genes (e.g., @entity24109 , @entity15396 , and @entity29713 ) had been identified in our earlier microarray study of @entity1184 chondrocyte differentiation. Other genes involved in cytokine and chemokine signaling, including @entity436 and @entity2842 , were identified. Changes in gene expression were also observed in the contralateral knee, validating the sham operation as the appropriate control. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that the animal model mimics gene expression changes seen in @entity1 @entity7441 , supporting the relevance of newly identified genes and pathways to early @entity1 @entity7441 . We propose new avenues for @entity7441 pathogenesis research and potential targets for novel @entity7441 treatments, including cathepsins and cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor signaling pathways, in addition to factors controlling the progression of chondrocyte differentiation.

title: Global analyses of gene expression in early experimental XXXX .

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['early osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Lymphoedema is a recognised complication of axillary surgery in @entity1 with early @entity0 . Such @entity1 are widely advised to avoid venepuncture on the ipsilateral side lest this cause complications including lymphoedema. This can lead to multiple failed venepuncture attempts causing distress to both @entity1 and healthcare professional. We reviewed current guidelines and critically appraised the evidence relating the development of lymphoedema to venepuncture to educate healthcare professionals and develop evidence-based guidelines. A systematic search of bibliographic databases was performed and an Internet search undertaken to identify @entity1 information leaflets from societies and support groups. Seven published articles were identified together with 15 published @entity1 information leaflets. Only one small prospective study was identified (level of evidence 2), the remainder being case-control studies (level 3) or retrospective reviews (level 4). There is no good evidence that venepuncture can precipitate lymphoedema. New, @entity1 -centred, evidence-based recommendations for venepuncture in @entity1 with @entity0 are proposed. Whenever possible, venepuncture should be performed on the contralateral arm. If this is not readily achieved, in the absence of lymphoedema it is preferable to consider venepuncture in the ipsilateral arm or insertion of a central venous device than to make further attempts in the contralateral arm or resort to sites such as veins in the foot. In the absence of lymphoedema, venesection in the ipsilateral arm carries little, if any, risk of additional complications. We offer evidence-based, @entity1 -centred guidelines for venepuncture in @entity1 with @entity0 following an axillary intervention.

title: XXXX -related lymphoedema and venepuncture: a review and evidence-based recommendations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'women']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In developing countries, data on @entity2 mortality are scarce. METHODS: Using South Africa's annual mortality and population estimates data, we calculated @entity2 age-standardised mortality rates for the period 1995 to 2006. The WHO world standard population was used as the reference population. Scatter plots and regression models were used to assess linear trends in mortality rates. To better characterise emerging trends, regression models were also partitioned for defined periods. RESULTS: @entity2 caused 52,217 @entity204 during the study period. There were 4,525 @entity204 for the most recent year (2006), with @entity1 accounting for 67% of @entity204 . For the entire South African population, the age-standardised mortality rate of 24.3 per 100,000 @entity1 in 1995 was similar to the rate of 23.8 per 100,000 @entity1 in 2006. Overall, there was no significant decline in @entity2 mortality in South Africa from 1995 to 2006 (slope = -0.15, p = 0.923). In @entity1 , there was a statistically non-significant annual decline of 0.21 @entity204 per 100,000 @entity1 (p = 0.433) for the study period. However, from 2001 to 2006, the annual decline of 1.29 @entity204 per 100,000 @entity1 was statistically significant (p = 0.009). In @entity1 , the mortality rate increased significantly at an annual rate of 0.19 per 100,000 @entity1 (p = 0.043) for the study period, and at a higher rate of 0.34 per 100,000 @entity1 (p = 0.007) from 1999 to 2006. CONCLUSION: The more recent declining @entity2 mortality rate in @entity1 is welcome but the increasing rate in @entity1 is a public health concern that warrants intervention. Smoking intervention policies and programmes need to be strengthened to further reduce @entity2 mortality in @entity1 and to address the increasing rates in @entity1 .

title: Trends in XXXX mortality in South Africa: 1995-2006.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Determine whether peritoneal macrophages from @entity1 with @entity46 -associated @entity249 express more inducible @entity842 synthase ( @entity3623 ) and produce more NO than fertile controls. DESIGN: Unblinded clinical study. @entity1 (S): Nine infertile @entity1 with @entity46 and nine normal fertile @entity1 undergoing laparoscopy. INTERVENTION(S): Peritoneal fluid and macrophages were collected. Cells were also cultured with the @entity3623 inducers interferon-alpha ( @entity3027 ) or @entity379 plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Peritoneal fluid NO levels, peritoneal macrophage NOS activity, and peritoneal macrophage @entity3623 protein expression. RESULT(S): NOS enzyme activity was higher in peritoneal macrophages from @entity46 @entity1 . Immunoblots demonstrated @entity3623 protein only in peritoneal macrophages from @entity1 with @entity46 . Peritoneal fluid NO concentration was similar in the two groups, but total peritoneal fluid NO content was higher in @entity46 @entity1 . After 3 days' culture, peritoneal macrophages from @entity1 with @entity46 produced more NO in response to @entity3027 or @entity379 plus LPS than controls. CONCLUSION(S): Peritoneal macrophages from @entity1 with @entity46 -associated @entity249 express higher levels of @entity3623 , have higher NOS enzyme activity, and produce more NO in response to immune stimulation in vitro. As high levels of NO adversely affect sperm, embryos, implantation, and oviductal function, reducing peritoneal fluid NO production or blocking NO effects may improve fertility in @entity1 with @entity46 .

title: Inducible @entity842 synthase expression by peritoneal macrophages in XXXX -associated @entity249 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity46 :: (MESH:D004715,Disease) :: ['endometriosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Eosinophil infiltration is a histological feature of @entity788 ( @entity788 ). However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying eosinophilic infiltration. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression of the @entity14700 , @entity25541 , in @entity1 pancreatic myofibroblasts. METHODS: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and quantitative polymerase chain reactions were used to quantify @entity25541 protein and messenger RNA levels, respectively. RESULTS: @entity25541 expression was induced by T helper type 2 cytokines, @entity3646 ( @entity3646 ) and @entity4047 , in time- and dose-dependent manners. Both @entity3646 and @entity4047 induced the rapid phosphorylation of @entity8850 ( @entity8850 ), and @entity8850 -specific small interfering RNA significantly blocked @entity3646 expression, indicating involvement of @entity8850 signaling pathways in @entity25541 induction. In contrast, @entity19933 ( @entity19933 ) protein-specific small interfering RNA experiments suggested that the @entity19933 family proteins are negative regulators of @entity3646 expression in pancreatic myofibroblasts. Interferon-y significantly inhibited @entity3646 expression, and this response was mediated by @entity6897 activation. CONCLUSIONS: Pancreatic myofibroblasts may be a cellular source of @entity25541 in the pancreas. The T helper type 2 cytokines, @entity3646 and @entity4047 , are critical factors for the induction of @entity25541 in the pancreas.

title: XXXX ( @entity25541 ) Expression in @entity1 Pancreatic Myofibroblasts.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune pancreatitis', 'AIP']

entities_list: @entity8850 :: ('6778', 'Gene') :: ['signal transducer and activator of transcription 6', 'STAT6']

entities_list: @entity14700 :: ('6356', 'Gene') :: ['eosinophil chemotactic protein']

entities_list: @entity19933 :: ('1154', 'Gene') :: ['SOCS', 'suppressor of cytokine signaling']

entities_list: @entity3646 :: ('3565', 'Gene') :: ['IL-4- and IL-13-induced eotaxin-3', 'IL-4', 'interleukin-4']

answer: @entity25541 :: (10344,Gene) :: ['Eotaxin-3']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Lactoferrin (Lf) is one of the antigens of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) and functions as an endogenous suppressor of @entity2874 ( @entity2874 ) formation. However, the prevalence and pathogenicity of anti-lactoferrin antibodies (aLf) in @entity19417 ( @entity19417 ) remain unrevealed. This study aimed to examine the significance of aLf in @entity19417 , initially. Sixty-five sera from @entity19417 @entity1 , including 41 @entity6129 , 5 @entity2883 with @entity2883 , and 19 eosinophilic @entity2883 with @entity2883 (EGPA) @entity1 , were subjected to aLf detection using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical characteristics were compared between aLf-positive and aLf-negative @entity1 . Neutrophils from healthy donors were exposed to suboptimal dose (10   nM) of @entity4514 ( @entity4515 ) with aLf followed by evaluation of @entity2874 formation. Results demonstrated that 4 out of 65 @entity19417 sera (6.2%) were positive for aLf. All of them were EGPA sera (4/19, 21.1%). In EGPA, the frequency of renal involvement, serum @entity1851 levels, and Birmingham @entity1333 Activity Score (BVAS) in the aLf-positive @entity1 was significantly higher than those in the aLf-negative @entity1 , and the aLf titer correlated positively with the serum @entity1851 level and BVAS. The @entity2874 formation was particularly enhanced by combined stimulation of 10   nM @entity4515 and 1     g/mL aLf. IgG isolated from sera of the aLf-positive EGPA @entity1 (250     g/mL) enhanced @entity2874 formation induced by 10   nM of @entity4515 , and the effect was abolished completely by absorption of the aLf. This pilot study suggests that aLf enhance @entity2874 formation induced by @entity4515 and are associated with disease activity of EGPA.

title: The Presence of Anti-Lactoferrin Antibodies in a Subgroup of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with @entity2883 XXXX and Their Possible Contribution to Enhancement of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['Vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity2874 :: ('MESH:C536657', 'Disease') :: ['NET', 'neutrophil extracellular trap']

entities_list: @entity6129 :: ('MESH:D055953', 'Disease') :: ['microscopic polyangiitis']

entities_list: @entity2883 :: ('MESH:D014890', 'Disease') :: ['polyangiitis', 'granulomatosis']

entities_list: @entity4514 :: ('MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol myristate acetate']

entities_list: @entity19417 :: ('MESH:D056648', 'Disease') :: ['AAV', 'ANCA-associated vasculitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: We introduce a young @entity1 , without history of @entity29 (I.B.D.) who started with an @entity697 , which in the following days progressed to a toxic megacolon. The @entity1 had come to hospital with @entity390 , @entity391 , fever and liquid, explosive @entity294 without pathologic products. There was no clinical remission with astringent diet, hydroelectrolitic reposition and antidiarrheic opiates. The @entity1 was admitted in hospital when he had blood in the @entity294 . This progressed to a toxic megacolon in three days and the @entity1 had to be operated on urgently. The surgeons found perforations in the colon and the pathologists diagnosed @entity30 . Even without previous E.B.D. history we reached the diagnosis from the clinical and analytical data and the plain abdominal radiology. It was impossible to confirm the diagnosis with a colonoscopy because of the high risk of perforation. In cases like this, early surgery may save the life of the @entity1 .

title: [Toxic megacolon presenting as XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['Crohn disease']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: Chymase is an important enzyme for the generation of angiotensin (Ang) II and in the activation of @entity30913 . Therefore, chymase may be involved in the hemodialysis @entity409 , which is caused by intimal @entity1373 that occurs after @entity736 ( @entity736 ) graft implantations. Bilateral U-shaped PTFE grafts were placed between the femoral vein and artery in @entity235 . Chymase inhibitor ( @entity38670 , 1 mg/kg per day, p.o.) treatments were initiated 3 days before the operation. After the implantation, the @entity850 by @entity8233 proliferation was most frequently observed in the venous side of the PTFE grafts. In the @entity8233 , myofibroblasts were the main cellular components. On the other hand, fibroblasts only occupied cellular components in a much smaller proportion in the @entity8233 . However, these cells seem to be rich in the properties of proliferation and migration. After PTFE graft implantations, extensive accumulations of chymase-positive mast cells were found mainly in the tissue surrounding the grafts. The Ang II- and TGF-beta-positive cells were found in an adjacent section that was in close proximity to the chymase-positive cells. In contrast, the @entity1129 (1) receptors, as well as TGF-beta type II receptors, were expressed either in the @entity8233 or in the outside adventitia of the PTFE grafts. Chymase inhibitor treatment resulted in a reduction of chymase, Ang II and @entity30913 expression, leading to a significant inhibition of neointimal formation. These findings indicating that an increase of chymase via promoting Ang II and @entity30913 generation plays a pivotal role in the neointimal formation after the implantation of PTFE grafts and also suggesting that chymase inhibition may be a new strategy that can be used to prevent PTFE graft dysfunctions in clinical settings.

title: Roles of chymase in @entity850 occurring after XXXX graft implantations.

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity30913 :: ('403998(Tax:9615)', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1', 'TGF-beta1']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['access dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity8233 :: ('MESH:D058426', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplastic neointima', 'neointima']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['PTFE', 'polytetrafluoroethylene']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity736 :: (CHEBI:53251,Chemical) :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cancer pharmacogenetic studies use @entity5 samples as a DNA source when germline DNA is unavailable. Genotyping DNA from @entity2300 ( @entity2300 ) may be inaccurate due to FFPE storage, genetic aberrations, and/or insufficient DNA extraction. Our objective was to assess the extent and source of genotyping inaccuracy from @entity2300 DNA and demonstrate analytical validity of @entity2300 genotyping of candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for pharmacogenetic analyses. METHODS: Cancer pharmacogenetics SNPs were genotyped by Sequenom MassARRAYs in DNA harvested from matched @entity2300 , FFPE lymph node (FFPE-LN), and whole blood leukocyte samples obtained from @entity0 @entity1 . No- and discordant-call rates were calculated for each tissue type and SNP. Analytical validity was defined as any SNP with <5% discordance between @entity2300 and blood and <10% discordance plus no-calls. RESULTS: Matched samples from 114 @entity1 were genotyped for 247 SNPs. No-call rate in @entity2300 was greater than FFPE-LN and blood (4.3% vs. 3.0% vs. 0.5%, p < 0.001). Discordant-call rate between @entity2300 and blood was very low, but greater than that between FFPE-LN and blood (1.1% vs. 0.3%, p < 0.001). Samples with heterozygous genotypes were more likely to be no- or discordantly-called in either tissue (p < 0.001). Analytical validity of @entity2300 genotyping was demonstrated for 218 (88%) SNPs. CONCLUSIONS: No- and discordant-call rates were below concerning thresholds, confirming that most SNPs can be accurately genotyped from @entity2300 on our Sequenom platform. @entity2300 is a viable DNA source for prospective-retrospective pharmacogenetic analyses of clinical trial cohorts.

title: Genotyping concordance in DNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) XXXX and whole blood for pharmacogenetic analyses.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['archival tumor']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2300 :: ('MESH:D011681', 'Disease') :: ['formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tumors', 'FFPE-T']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast tumor']


abstract: The dynamic and metabolic performance of @entity35 conditioned by a swimming program (CH) and hearts of sedentary @entity35 (SH) was studied in an isolated working @entity35 heart apparatus. Heart rate, filling pressure, and afterload were controlled or kept constant, and heart weights were comparable in both groups. When compared with SH, CH had @entity5691 and cardiac work. Atrial pacing at more rapid rates caused greater differences in these functions, and left ventricular pressure and maximal rate of pressure rise (dp/dt) became higher in CH than in SH. Atrial pacing was associated in CH with increased @entity26 consumption but in SH by increased @entity880 and @entity2388 production. When atrial filling pressure was elevated in order to perform ventricular function curves, CH showed greater dynamic responses than SH. There were also greater increments in @entity26 consumption, and the ratio of aerobic to anaerobic energy production was also higher in CH. The mechanism of increasing @entity26 consumption during stress in CH was mainly by improved coronary flow. In SH coronary flow did not change, but extraction of @entity26 from the perfusing fluid increased. The results indicate that in physically trained @entity35 the function of the heart as a pump is improved. These hearts have greater aerobic and mechanical reserve than hearts of sedentary animals. These effects appear to be at least partially due to improved mechanisms of @entity26 delivery.

title: The effect of physical training upon the mechanical and metabolic performance of the XXXX heart.

entities_list: @entity5691 :: ('MESH:D016534', 'Disease') :: ['increased cardiac output']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A growing area of interest and relevance in the study of @entity72 ( @entity72 ) focuses on the relationship between multisensory temporal function and the behavioral, perceptual, and @entity73 observed in @entity72 . Atypical sensory processing is becoming increasingly recognized as a core component of @entity2438 , with evidence of atypical processing across a number of sensory modalities. These deviations from typical processing underscore the value of interpreting @entity72 within a multisensory framework. Furthermore, converging evidence illustrates that these differences in audiovisual processing may be specifically related to temporal processing. This review seeks to bridge the connection between temporal processing and audiovisual perception, and to elaborate on emerging data showing differences in audiovisual temporal function in @entity2438 . We also discuss the consequence of such changes, the specific impact on the processing of different classes of audiovisual stimuli (e.g. speech vs. nonspeech, etc.), and the presumptive brain processes and networks underlying audiovisual temporal integration. Finally, possible downstream behavioral implications, and possible remediation strategies are outlined. @entity2438 Res 2015.    2015 International Society for @entity2438 Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Keeping time in the brain: XXXX and audiovisual temporal processing.

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairments']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['ASD', 'autism spectrum disorder']

entities_list: @entity2438 :: ('MESH:D001321', 'Disease') :: ['autism', 'Autism']

answer: @entity72 :: (MESH:D002659,Disease) :: ['Autism spectrum disorder']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction: Electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) is an effective treatment for severe @entity308 but carries a risk of relapse in the following months. Methods: Major @entity308 @entity1 in a current episode attaining remission from ECT (17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D17) score <=9) received randomly @entity837 10   mg, 20   mg, 30   mg or @entity5080 100   mg as monotherapies and were followed for 6 months in a multicentre double-blind set-up. Primary endpoint was relapse (HAM-D17>= 16). Results: As inclusion rate was low the study was prematurely stopped with only 47 @entity1 randomised (20% of the planned sample size). No statistically significant between-group differences could be detected. When all @entity1 receiving @entity837 were compared with those receiving @entity5080 , a marginal superiority of @entity5080 was found (p=0.08). One third of @entity1 relapsed during the study period, and one third completed. Discussion: Due to small sample size, no valid efficacy inferences could be made. The outcome was poor, probably due to tapering off of non-study psychotropic drugs after randomisation; this has implications for future study designs. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00660062.

title: Relapse Prevention in Major @entity308 After Successful Acute Electroconvulsive Treatment: a 6-month Double-blind Comparison of Three Fixed Dosages of @entity837 and a Fixed Dose of XXXX - Lessons from a Failed Randomised Trial of the Danish University Antidepressant Group (DUAG-7).

entities_list: @entity837 :: ('MESH:D015283', 'Chemical') :: ['escitalopram']

entities_list: @entity5080 :: ('MESH:D009661', 'Chemical') :: ['nortriptyline']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive disorder', 'depression']

answer: @entity5080 :: (MESH:D009661,Chemical) :: ['Nortriptyline']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the temporal changes of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) perfusion patterns during the @entity1161 ( @entity138 ) course and their influence on local control and survival in @entity5 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: DCE-MRI was performed in 98 @entity1 with @entity5 before @entity138 ( @entity138 ) and during early @entity138 (20-25 Gy) and mid- @entity138 (45-50 Gy). Signal intensity (SI) from the DCE-MRI time-SI curve was derived for each @entity5 voxel. The poorly perfused low-DCE @entity5 subregions were quantified as lower 10th percentiles of SI (SI10). Local control, disease-specific survival, and overall survival were correlated with DCE parameters at @entity138 , early @entity138 , and mid- @entity138 . Median follow-up was 4.9 (range, 0.2-9.0) years. RESULTS: @entity1 (16/98) with initial @entity138 high DCE (SI10 >or=2.1) had 100% 5-year local control, 81% disease-specific survival, and 81% overall survival, compared with only 79%, 61%, and 55%, respectively, in @entity1 with @entity138 low DCE. Conversion from @entity138 low DCE to high DCE in early @entity138 (28/82 @entity1 ) was associated with higher local control, disease-specific survival, and overall survival (93%, 74%, and 67%, respectively). In comparison with all other groups, outcome was worst in @entity1 with persistently low DCE from @entity138 throughout the mid- @entity138 phase (66%, 44%, and 43%; p = 0.003, 0.003, and 0.020; respectively). CONCLUSION: @entity5 perfusion changes during @entity138 correlate with treatment outcome. Persistently low perfusion in @entity138 , early @entity138 , and mid- @entity138 indicates a high risk of treatment failure, whereas outcome is favorable in @entity1 with initially high perfusion or subsequent improvements of initially low perfusion. These findings likely reflect reoxygenation and may have potential for noninvasive monitoring of intra-treatment radio-responsiveness and for guiding adaptive therapy.

title: Longitudinal changes in @entity5 perfusion pattern during the @entity1161 course and its clinical impact in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Stage IB(2)-IVA cervical cancer', 'Longitudinal tumor', 'cervical cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: The voltage-dependent @entity972 channel, @entity12309 , is modulated by the @entity470 ( @entity470 ) and the @entity2690 receptor @entity669 kinases. When the @entity470 and @entity12309 are coexpressed in HEK 293 cells, acute treatment of the cells with EGF during a patch recording can suppress the @entity12309 current within tens of minutes. This effect appears to be due to @entity669 phosphorylation of the channel, as it is blocked by treatment with the @entity669 kinase inhibitor @entity10912 , or by mutation of the @entity669 at channel @entity535 position 479 to @entity815 . Previous work has shown that there is a large increase in the @entity669 phosphorylation of @entity12309 when it is coexpressed with the @entity470 . Pretreatment of @entity470 and @entity12309 cotransfected cells with EGF before patch recording also results in a decrease in peak @entity12309 current. Furthermore, pretreatment of cotransfected cells with an antibody to the @entity470 ligand binding domain (alpha- @entity470 ), which blocks receptor dimerization and @entity669 kinase activation, blocks the @entity470 -mediated suppression of @entity12309 current. @entity2690 treatment during patch recording also causes an inhibition of @entity12309 current after tens of minutes, while pretreatment for 18 h produces almost total suppression of current. In addition to depressing peak @entity12309 current, EGF treatment produces a speeding of C-type inactivation, while pretreatment with the alpha- @entity470 slows C-type inactivation. In contrast, @entity2690 does not influence C-type inactivation kinetics. Mutational analysis indicates that the EGF-induced modulation of the inactivation rate occurs by a mechanism different from that of the EGF-induced decrease in peak current. Thus, receptor @entity669 kinases differentially modulate the current magnitude and kinetics of a voltage-dependent @entity972 channel.

title: Modulation of the @entity12309 XXXX channel by receptor @entity669 kinases.

entities_list: @entity10912 :: ('MESH:C048212', 'Chemical') :: ['erbstatin']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor', 'EGFr']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity815 :: ('CHEBI:28044', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylalanine']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity972 :: (MESH:D011188,Chemical) :: ['potassium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity209 ( @entity209 ) consists of a constellation of metabolic abnormalities that confer increased risk of @entity65 ( @entity65 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). @entity409 is one of the key components of @entity209 which is caused by imbalance between vasodilatory substances like @entity842 (NO) and vaso-constrictive substances like endothelin and prothrombotic factors like @entity2289 ( @entity2289 ). OBJECTIVE: To study the markers of @entity409 (NO and endothelin) and prothrombotic markers ( @entity2289 ) among the study subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 50 diagnosed cases of @entity209 as per International @entity6 Federation (IDF) criteria and 50 healthy volunteers as controls. Clinical evaluation included anthropometric, routine biochemical, hematological, serum insulin, NO, @entity11617 and @entity2289 measurements. RESULTS: Subjects with @entity209 had higher insulin, endothelin and @entity2289 levels and low NO levels as compared to controls and the difference was found to be significant. The serum insulin levels were positively correlated with @entity2289 and endothelin, and negatively correlated with NO. CONCLUSION: Endothelial functional status as reflected by decreased NO and increased serum endothelin levels along with insulin resistance is seen in @entity209 . Moreover, higher serum level of @entity2289 also tilts towards a more prothrombotic milieu in the vascular endothelium. Hence @entity409 and prothrombotic markers may be used to guide for early diagnosis of @entity65 and @entity164 2 @entity6 in @entity1 with @entity209 .

title: The study of markers of XXXX in @entity209 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2289 :: ('5054', 'Gene') :: ['plasminogen activator inhibitor-1', 'PAI-1']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction', 'Endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['Metabolic syndrome', 'MetS']

entities_list: @entity11617 :: ('MESH:D016232', 'Chemical') :: ['endothelin']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['endothelial dysfunction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Ubiquitin (UB) is a highly conserved low molecular weight (8.5 kDa) protein. It consists of 76 @entity3689 residues and is found in all eukaryotic cells. The covalent linkage of UB to a variety of cellular proteins (ubiquitination) is one of the most common posttranslational modifications in eukaryotic cells. This modification generally regulates protein turnover and protects the cells from damaged or misfolded proteins. The polyubiquitination of proteins serves as a signal for degradation via the 26S proteasome pathway. UB is present in trace amounts in body fluids. Elevated levels of UB are described in the serum or plasma of @entity1 under a variety of conditions. Extracellular UB is proposed to have pleiotropic roles including regulation of immune response, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. @entity436 is identified as receptor for extracellular UB in hematopoietic cells. @entity712 represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality in western society. Cardiac remodeling is a determinant of the clinical course of @entity712 . The components involved in @entity296 include-myocytes, fibroblasts, interstitium, and coronary vasculature. Increased sympathetic nerve activity in the form of @entity1063 is a common feature during @entity712 . Acting via @entity2162 ( @entity2162 ), @entity1063 is shown to induce myocyte apoptosis and @entity296 . @entity2162 stimulation increases extracellular levels of UB in myocytes, and UB inhibits @entity2162 -stimulated increases in myocyte apoptosis and @entity296 . This review summarizes intracellular and extracellular functions of UB with particular emphasis on the role of extracellular UB in cardiac myocyte apoptosis and @entity296 .    2016 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 6:527-560, 2016.

title: Extracellular Ubiquitin: Role in Myocyte Apoptosis and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2162 :: ('154', 'Gene') :: ['b-adrenergic receptor', 'b-AR']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial fibrosis', 'myocardial remodeling']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['Myocardial Remodeling']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity387 ( @entity387 ) in @entity1 is associated with daytime functioning decrements in cognitive performance and behavioral regulation. Studies addressing @entity4207 achievement are underrepresented. This study aimed to evaluate the strength of the relationships between @entity387 and achievement in core domains and general school performance. METHODS: Data sources included PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Studies of school-aged @entity1 investigating the relationships between @entity387 and @entity4207 achievement were selected for inclusion in a systematic literature review using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Data extracted were converted into standardized mean differences; effect sizes (ES) and statistics were calculated by using random-effects models. Heterogeneity tests (I(2)) were conducted. RESULTS: Of 488 studies, 16 met eligibility criteria. @entity387 was significantly associated with poorer @entity4207 performance for core @entity4207 domains related to language arts (ES -0.31; P < .001; I(2) = 74%), math (ES -0.33; P < .001; I(2) = 55%), and science (ES -0.29; P = .001; I(2) = 0%), and with unsatisfactory progress/ @entity4207 (ES -0.23; P < .001; I(2) = 0%) but not general school performance. CONCLUSIONS: Variable definitions of both @entity4207 performance and @entity387 likely contributed to the heterogeneity among published investigations. Clear links between @entity387 and poorer @entity4207 performance in school-age @entity1 are demonstrated. ES statistics were in the small to medium range, but nevertheless the findings serve to highlight to parents, teachers, and clinicians that @entity387 in @entity1 may contribute to @entity4207 difficulties some @entity1 face.

title: Sleep XXXX and Academic Performance: A Meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['academic', 'learning problems']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['Sleep-disordered breathing', 'SDB']

answer: @entity387 :: (MESH:D012891,Disease) :: ['Disordered Breathing']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 64 Background: The goals of our Lymphoma Survivorship Clinic (SC) are to coordinate care, educate @entity1 , and create a survivorship care plan (SCP). The aim of this study was to determine if @entity1 -centered outcomes are improved after a SC visit. METHODS: From 11/13-5/15, surveys were mailed to recently-treated @entity706 @entity1 who were within 4 weeks of their last visit and in remission. Quality of life (QOL) was measured with PROMIS and distress was measured with the Impact of Events scale. Responses between those who attended SC and those who were eligible but did not attend were analyzed. RESULTS: There were 96 surveys sent to the SC group; 59 were returned (61% response rate). Of the non-SC group, 140 surveys were sent and 84 were returned (60% response rate). Mean age was 57 years (range 23-77) in the SC group and 59 years (23-88) in the non-SC group. There were more females in the SC group (52% vs 30%) but no differences in race, marital status, education, or health literacy. Those who attended the SC were more likely to recall receiving a summary of @entity5 treatment and recommendations for follow-up care (90% SC vs. 75% non-SC, p = 0.03). Furthermore, SC attendees were more likely to "definitely" recall discussion on improving health or preventing illness (89% vs. 53%), getting help in making changes in habits/lifestyle (76% vs. 50%), diet (80% vs. 31%), and exercise (82% vs. 51%), all p < 0.001. There were no differences in discussions regarding smoking, follow-up testing, and symptom monitoring. The SC group was less likely to need more information regarding sexuality (6% vs 20%, p = 0.045). There were no differences in need for information regarding @entity148 , @entity410 , @entity5 risk, fertility, complementary therapies, and social issues. The SC group was slightly more confident that they could get information or advice related to @entity5 (completely confident 76% vs. 61%, p = 0.07). There were no differences in QOL or distress. CONCLUSIONS: A Lymphoma SC visit increased receipt of SCP and provided more information on survivorship issues, particularly health behaviors, but did not improve QOL or distress. Further study is needed to determine if this leads to long-term health benefits.

title: Impact of @entity706 survivorship clinic visit on XXXX -centered outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'familial cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the heart rate variability (HRV) during the first 24 h after a @entity583 ( @entity583 ), and to study its relationship with other clinical variables and in-hospital follow-up. @entity1 AND METHODS: 101 @entity1 (age < 80 years) with @entity583 in sinus rhythm were prospectively studied. A Holter monitoring was performed during the first 24 h. The heart rate (HR), standard deviation of RR intervals (SDRR) and the histogram at different levels were analyzed, as well as the mean and standard deviation of RR intervals in an early 5 min record. The results were compared with the clinical characteristics and the in-hospital outcome of the @entity1 . RESULTS: HRV was lower in @entity1 , @entity101 and @entity1 who did not receive thrombolytic agents. In @entity1 without @entity712 , @entity583 's (SDRR: 52.8 [20.6] and 42.2 [16.9], respectively; p < 0.05). HRV was significantly decreased as Killip group increased, as well as in @entity1 who developed late @entity712 . The development of @entity2224 was associated to a low HRV in the 24 h analysis (SDRR: 30.2 [15.6] for the 6 @entity1 with VF/VT vs 46.8 [20.1] for the rest; p < 0.05), as well as in the early 5 min record (29.8 [14.8] and 50.8 [35.8], respectively; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: During the first 24 h after @entity583 the HRV is related to some clinical variables and to @entity583 location (higher in @entity583 ). @entity1 who develop @entity712 or @entity943 before hospital discharge have a higher HR and a significantly decreased HRV.

title: [Heart rate variability during the first 24 hours of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensives']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ["inferior MI's had lower HR and higher HRV than anterior MI", 'myocardial infarction', 'MI', 'inferior MI']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We demonstrated that in @entity1 platelets the endocannabinoid @entity9394 ( @entity14512 ) decreased dose- and time-dependently @entity268 intracellular levels. No effect on @entity268 decrease induced by @entity14512 was observed in the presence of the adenylate cyclase inhibitor @entity15404 as well in platelets pretreated with the @entity2871 A2 receptor antagonist, @entity13078 or with @entity117 , inhibitor of @entity1426 metabolism through the cyclooxygenase pathway. An almost complete recovering of @entity268 level was measured in platelets pretreated with the specific inhibitor of phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3A, @entity7604 . In platelets pretreated with @entity2306 or @entity17138 , inhibitors of PI3K/ @entity584 pathway, and with @entity4385 , inhibitor of phospholipase C pathway, only a partial prevention was shown. @entity268 intracellular level depends on synthesis by @entity1920 cyclase and hydrolysis by PDEs. In @entity14512 -stimulated platelets adenylate cyclase activity seems to be unchanged. In contrast PDEs appear to be involved. In particular @entity37158 was specifically activated, as @entity7604 reversed @entity268 reduction by @entity14512 . @entity14512 enhanced @entity37158 activity through its phosphorylation. The PI3K/ @entity584 pathway and @entity6164 participate to this @entity37158 phosphorylation/activation mechanism as it was greatly inhibited by platelet pretreatment with @entity2306 , @entity17138 , @entity4385 , or the @entity6164 specific inhibitor @entity11009 . Taken together these data suggest that @entity14512 potentiates its power of platelet agonist reducing @entity268 intracellular level. J. Cell. Biochem. 9999: 1-10, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Regulation of XXXX Intracellular Levels in @entity1 Platelets Stimulated by @entity9394 .

entities_list: @entity2871 :: ('CHEBI:26995', 'Chemical') :: ['thromboxane']

entities_list: @entity9394 :: ('MESH:C094503', 'Chemical') :: ['2-arachidonoylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1920 :: ('CHEBI:16027', 'Chemical') :: ['adenylate']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity7604 :: ('MESH:D020105', 'Chemical') :: ['milrinone']

answer: @entity268 :: (CHEBI:17489,Chemical) :: ['cAMP']


abstract: The effects of the synthetic @entity554 @entity11069 ( @entity11069 ) on @entity263 @entity3 in vivo were evaluated in the @entity19 prostate reconstitution (MPR) model. MPRs were produced by infection of either heterozygous (+/-) or nullizygous (-/-) @entity899 -mutant fetal prostatic epithelial cells with the recombinant retrovirus Zipras/myc 9. Previous studies have documented that loss of @entity899 function potentiates @entity3 in this model system. MPRs were grafted into homozygous (+/+) @entity899 male @entity19 , fed a @entity11069 containing diet or a control diet and maintained until the status of @entity5 progression dictated sacrifice. Under these experimental conditions, treatment with @entity11069 did not have a significant effect on @entity5 wet weight for either @entity899 +/- or @entity899 -/- MPRs. For, @entity899 +/- MPRs the animals fed the @entity11069 diet had a slight improvement in survival and a significant reduction in the number of mesenteric @entity3 (P = 0.0477, t-test). Notably, in @entity899 +/- MPRs the incidence of @entity3 to lumbar spine and sternum was 92% in the control animals compared to 54% in the @entity11069 treated animals (P = 0.035, chi2-test). In @entity899 -/- MPRs there was a trend toward a reduction in the number of soft tissue @entity3 to lung and liver in the @entity11069 group relative to the control diet group and a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of @entity3 to bone was demonstrated in that 50% of control animals versus 30% of @entity11069 treated @entity899 -/- animals harbored bone @entity3 (P = 0 < 0.05, chi2-test). Cell lines were established from portions of the @entity5 and from selected metastatic deposits in each experimental group. Clonal analysis, by retroviral integration pattern, indicated increased clonal diversity in both the @entity5 and @entity3 -derived cell lines from @entity11069 treated animals relative to the control animals. In vitro treatment with @entity11069 did not reveal discriminating differences between cell lines derived from @entity5 and bone @entity3 or control and treatment groups in regard to growth arrest or apoptotic responses. Overall these studies indicate limited anti- @entity5 and anti-metastatic activity in this highly aggressive in vivo @entity19 model of @entity263 , yet @entity11069 treatment significantly suppressed the development of bone @entity3 in @entity899 +/- and @entity899 -/- MPRs revealing a novel and potentially clinically useful activity of this @entity554 .

title: Dietary @entity11069 suppresses the development of bone @entity3 in vivo in a XXXX model of @entity263 progression.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity11069 :: ('MESH:D017313', 'Chemical') :: ['N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide', '4-HPR']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity554 :: ('CHEBI:26537', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoid']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with metastatic poorly differentiated @entity8703 (PDEC) usually have a short survival. The chemotherapy combination of @entity900 and @entity2879 is frequently used as first-line palliative chemotherapy. There are, however, no published studies concerning second-line treatment of the disease. @entity2903 has shown clinical effect in @entity8703 . This study was performed to evaluate the effect of @entity2903 in PDEC @entity1 who had progressed on first-line treatment. METHODS: Twenty-five @entity1 with PDEC (mainly gastrointestinal) were treated with @entity2903 alone or in combination with @entity416 . A subset of @entity1 also received bevacizumab. @entity8724 methylation was analyzed in tissue specimens. Data were collected retrospectively. RESULTS: One @entity1 had a complete response, and 7 @entity1 had partial response (33% response rate). Median duration of response was 19 months. Another 9 (38%) @entity1 had a stable disease, after progression at inclusion, with a median duration of 18 months. Median progression-free survival for all @entity1 was 6 months, and median overall survival was 22 months. Only 1 @entity1 had a @entity8724 methylation. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with @entity2903 alone or in combination with @entity416 and bevacizumab resulted in objective response or stabilization in 71% of PDEC @entity1 who failed on first-line chemotherapy. These results indicated that @entity2903 may be used as second-line treatment in PDEC.

title: Clinical effect of @entity2903 -based chemotherapy in poorly differentiated XXXX after progression on first-line chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity8703 :: ('MESH:D004701', 'Disease') :: ['endocrine carcinoma', 'well-differentiated endocrine carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['Temozolomide', 'temozolomide']

answer: @entity8703 :: (MESH:D004701,Disease) :: ['endocrine carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity734 ( @entity734 ) exhibit high biological activity, they are cytotoxic, genotoxic, and are constantly released into the environment as a result of incomplete metabolism. Consequently they pose a serious threat to the environment and @entity1 health due to their carcinogenic, mutagenic and/or reproductive @entity137 properties. Knowledge of their bioavailability, including their sorption to soils and their impact on the soil-groundwater pathway, is crucial for their risk assessment. Laboratory batch and column leaching tests are important tools for determining the release potential of contaminants from soil or waste material. Batch and column tests were carried out with soils differing in physicochemical properties, each spiked with @entity786 (CK) or @entity1260 (IF). Moreover, due to the fact that environmental pollutants may occur as coexisting compounds in the soil the mobility evaluation for @entity734 in the mixture with @entity1406 ( @entity4508 ; b-blocker) as a co-contaminant was performed. In order to assess appropriateness, the batch and column tests were compared. The release depended on the properties of both the soil and the presence of co-contaminants. The faster release was observed for coarse-grained soil with the smallest organic matter content (MS soil: 90% decrease in concentration until liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S) of 0.3Lkg(-1) for all tests' layout) than for loamy sand (LS soil: 90% decrease in concentration until ratio L/S of 0.75Lkg(-1)). @entity734 are highly mobile in soil systems. Furthermore, the decrease of mobility of @entity1260 was observed with the presence of a co-contaminant ( @entity1406 ) in both of the soils (in MS soil a decrease of 29%; in LS soil a decrease of 26%). The mobility of @entity786 does not depend on the presence of a contaminant for MS soil, but also exhibits a decrease of 21% in LS soil.

title: The leaching behavior of @entity786 and XXXX from soil in the presence of co-contaminant - Mixture sorption approach.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1406 :: ('MESH:D008790', 'Chemical') :: ['metoprolol']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['ACDs', 'Anticancer drugs']

answer: @entity1260 :: (MESH:D007069,Chemical) :: ['ifosfamide']


abstract: PURPOSE: Endocavitary @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) provides a conservative alternative to proctectomy. Although most suitable for small, mobile lesions, @entity1 with less favorable @entity5 are often referred if they are poor surgical candidates. Knowing the extent to which @entity1161 can control such @entity5 can be an important factor in making clinical decisions. METHODS AND MATERIALS: One hundred ninety-nine @entity1 , who received endocavitary @entity1161 with or without external beam @entity1161 (EBRT) during 1981 through 1995, were followed for disease status for a median of 70 months, including deaths from intercurrent causes. In the early years of the study, 21 @entity1 were treated with endocavitary @entity1161 alone, the remainder of the @entity1 received pelvic EBRT (usually 45 Gy in 25 fractions) 5-7 weeks before endocavitary @entity1161 . RESULTS: Overall, 141 @entity1 (71%) had local control with @entity1161 alone. Salvage surgery rendered an additional 20 @entity1 disease free, for an ultimate local control rate of 81%. On multivariate analysis for local control (excluding surgical salvage), the most significant factors were mobility to palpation, use of EBRT, and whether pretreatment debulking of all @entity66 had been done (generally a piecemeal, nontransmural procedure). Of 77 cases staged by transrectal ultrasonography, the local control rate with @entity1161 alone was 100% for @entity3836 lesions, 85% (90% with no evidence of disease after salvage) for freely mobile @entity3837 lesions, and 56% (67% with no evidence of disease after salvage) for uT3 lesions and @entity3837 lesions that were not freely mobile. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity5 that are either @entity3836 or have only a scar after debulking achieve excellent local control with endocavitary @entity1161 . About 15% of mobile @entity3837 @entity5 fail @entity1161 ; therefore, careful follow-up is critical. Small uT3 @entity5 are appropriate for this treatment only if substantial contraindications to proctectomy are present.

title: Treatment of rectal adenocarcinoma with endocavitary and external beam radiotherapy: results for 199 @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['macroscopic disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['small mobile tumors', 'tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['localized tumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recognition of emotional expressions plays an essential role in @entity1 's healthy development. Anomalies in these skills may result in @entity51 , social interaction difficulties and premorbid emotional problems in @entity1 and adolescents with @entity161 . Twenty-six subjects with early onset @entity161 spectrum (EOSS) disorders and twenty-eight matched healthy controls (HC) were instructed to identify five basic emotions and a neutral expression. The assessment entailed presenting @entity227 and congruent cross-modal stimuli. Using a generalized linear mixed model, we found no significant association for handedness, age or gender. However, significant associations emerged for emotion type, perception modality, and group. EOSS @entity1 performed worse than HC in uni- and cross-modal emotional tasks with a specific negative emotion processing impairment pattern. There was no relationship between emotion identification scores and positive or negative symptoms, self-reported empathy traits or a positive history of @entity245 . However, we found a significant association between emotional identification scores and nonverbal communication impairments. We conclude that cumulative dysfunctions in both nonverbal communication and emotion processing contribute to the social vulnerability and morbidity found in youths who display @entity72 .

title: Facial, vocal and cross-modal emotion processing in early-onset XXXX spectrum disorders.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual, auditory']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental disorders']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['empathy deficits']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['EOSS disorder']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Surgical implant-associated @entity79 ( @entity4034 ) have severe clinical and socioeconomic consequences. Treatment of chronic @entity79 often involves antibiotics given systemically and locally to the affected site in @entity4625 ( @entity4625 ) bone cement. Given the high antibiotic concentrations required to affect bacteria in biofilm, local delivery is important to achieve high doses at the infection site. @entity4625 is not suitable to locally-deliver some biofilm-specific antibiotics, including @entity1215 , due to interference with @entity4625 polymerisation. To examine the efficacy of localised, combinational antibiotic delivery compared to @entity4625 standards, we fabricated @entity1215 - and @entity2176 -laden @entity78 scaffolds (CPS) by three-dimensional (3D) printing to treat an implant-associated @entity794 @entity79 in a @entity19 model. All @entity2176 - and @entity1215 -laden CPS treatments significantly reduced the bacterial burden compared with @entity2176 -laden @entity4625 . The bones were bacteria culture negative in 50  % of the @entity19 that received sustained release @entity2176 - and @entity1215 -laden CPS. In contrast, 100  % of the bones treated with @entity2176 monotherapy using @entity4625 or CPS were culture positive. Yet, the monotherapy CPS significantly reduced the bacterial metabolic load following revision compared to @entity4625 . Biofilm persisted on the fixation hardware, but the infection-induced @entity79 was significantly reduced by local @entity1215 delivery. These data demonstrate that, despite the challenging implant-retaining infection model, co-delivery of @entity1215 and @entity2176 from 3D printed CPS, which is not possible with @entity4625 , significantly improved the outcomes of implant-associated @entity4034 . However, biofilm persistence on the fixation hardware reaffirms the importance of implant exchange or other biofilm eradication strategies to complement local antibiotics.

title: 3D printed bioceramics for dual antibiotic delivery to treat implant-associated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4625 :: ('MESH:D019904', 'Chemical') :: ['PMMA', 'poly (methyl methacrylate)']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity78 :: ('MESH:C020243', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium phosphate']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone destruction', 'bone infections', 'bone infection']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampin']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['bone infection']


abstract: To investigate whether the @entity5337 mutation increases the risk of @entity1151 , we determined the presence of the @entity5337 mutation in pathology material from two series of autopsies of @entity1 from the Leiden University Hospital, The Netherlands. The first series consisted of consecutive autopsies in @entity1151 were mentioned in the autopsy report; most @entity1 of this series had major underlying disease. The second series consisted of autopsies in @entity1 younger than age 70 in @entity1151 were the sole cause of @entity204 and no major acquired risk factor for @entity49 was present. Extraction of DNA was done on newly prepared tissue from archival paraffin blocks. In the first series, the presence of @entity5337 was determined in 44 @entity1 , 1 of whom carried the mutation (2.3 percent; 95% confidence interval 0.06 to 12.0 percent). This prevalence is not different from the general population prevalence in The Netherlands. In the second series, @entity5337 could be determined in 30 @entity1 of whom 3 carried the mutation (10 percent; 95% confidence interval 2. to 26.5 percent), which would lead to a threefold relative risk. A large number of @entity1 with diverse psychiatric diagnoses was present in the second series (eleven). We conclude that in the presence of severe illness, the @entity5337 mutation plays no additional role in the development of @entity1151 . The relative risk of the very rare fatal @entity358 that is the sole cause of @entity204 might also be less than the relative risk for @entity1150 in carriers of the @entity5337 mutation.

title: XXXX and fatal @entity1151 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary emboli', 'which pulmonary emboli', 'fatal pulmonary emboli']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep-vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolus']

answer: @entity5337 :: (2153,Gene) :: ['Factor V Leiden']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To document the long-term outcome in cases of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) tears after treatment of vascularized pigment epithelial detachments with anti- @entity7 therapy. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the long-term outcome of a consecutive series of eyes with RPE tear developed during anti- @entity7 therapy for @entity1713 associated with @entity1940 or @entity2479 (vascularized @entity1713 ) was performed. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and autofluorescence images and also @entity941 angiograms were analyzed to determine the functional and morphologic development over time. RESULTS: The long-term outcome of 22 eyes (21 @entity1 , 13 @entity1 and 8 @entity1 ; 65-85 years; mean: 76 years) with RPE tear was performed with minimal follow-up of 3 years (range: 3-5 years, mean: 44 months) and re-treatment with different therapeutic strategies. The eyes were differentiated in 2 groups according to the course of BCVA after the first 2 years of follow-up: Group 1 (11 eyes) demonstrated a stabilized or improved BCVA after 2 years and Group 2 (11 eyes) demonstrated a decrease in BCVA after 2 years. The initial BCVA between both groups was comparable. Also the mean initial size of the RPE tear was the same between the 2 groups, the area of the RPE tear decreased continuously during follow-up in Group 1, whereas this was the case in Group 2 only at the beginning of treatment with a further increase of the size of the RPE tear with longer follow-up. This corresponded with a different morphologic development between the two groups. In Group 1, increasing recovery of autofluorescence at the RPE-free area was visible beginning from the outer border, whereas in Group 2, further growth of the neovascular complex in the area of the RPE tear was observed resulting in larger fibrovascular scars. In addition, in both groups, the development of hyperreflective tissue was seen on spectral domain optical coherence tomography in the RPE-free area. The major therapeutic difference between the 2 groups was a significantly larger number of injections especially during the first year in Group 1. CONCLUSION: The development of RPE tear after anti- @entity7 therapy for vascularized @entity1713 in exudative age-related @entity1020 does not necessarily result in large disciform @entity393 , but multiple injections seem to be beneficial especially in the first year. With this strategy, RPE tears seem to be covered by autofluorescent and hyperreflective tissue and a regrowth of the neovascular complex can be prohibited. As a result, photoreceptor cells regain their metabolic support with functional recovery.

title: RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIAL TEAR AND ANTI- XXXX THERAPY IN EXUDATIVE AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION: Clinical Course and Long-Term Prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1940 :: ('MESH:D020256', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal angiomatous proliferation']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['pigment epithelial detachment']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['scars and functional loss']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report our early experience evaluating the efficacy of genioglossus muscle advancement using the genioglossus bone advancement technique (GBAT) for symptomatic base of @entity5773 and @entity387 . STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective, nonrandomized study. METHODS: @entity1 data were obtained from the hospital records of 13 @entity1 undergoing genioglossus muscle advancement with the GBAT system. RESULTS: Thirteen @entity1 underwent genioglossus muscle advancement with the GBAT system. All @entity1 demonstrated greater than 75% obstruction at the base of the tongue as determined by preoperative M  ller's manoeuvre. Nine @entity1 @entity27 and four demonstrated severe upper @entity1224 on nocturnal polysomnography. Postoperatively, all @entity1 reported improvement of snoring and @entity2147 and greater than 90% improvement of collapse at the base of the tongue. Minor complications (3/13) included @entity809 . There was one case of infection requiring plate removal and one case of @entity1224 secondary to @entity113 . CONCLUSIONS: Genioglossus muscle advancement using the GBAT system is a safe, simple, and rapid method for improving symptomatic base of @entity5773 in @entity387 .

title: Genioglossus muscle advancement with the genioglossus bone advancement technique for base of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5773 :: ('MESH:D014060', 'Disease') :: ['tongue obstruction']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep-disordered breathing']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['haematoma and transient tooth paresthesia']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['demonstrated obstructive sleep apnea syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2147 :: ('MESH:D006970', 'Disease') :: ['hypersomnolence']

entities_list: @entity113 :: ('MESH:D000799', 'Disease') :: ['angioedema']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway resistance syndrome', 'airway obstruction']

answer: @entity5773 :: (MESH:D014060,Disease) :: ['tongue obstruction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity260 is a common @entity4934 after major surgeries. There is no conclusive approach for prevention of @entity933 in these @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: In this study, efficacy of @entity7782 for prevention of @entity260 was evaluated. METHODS: @entity933 status of surgical @entity1 was evaluated postoperatively at the time of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM-ICU) scale. @entity1 without @entity933 were assigned to the @entity7782 or placebo group based on the simple randomization method. @entity1 received @entity7782 or placebo tablet at a dose of 4 mg 3 times per day for 7 days. @entity1 were monitored daily for incidence of @entity933 . RESULTS: Changes in the incidence rates of @entity933 over time during the study phase (P = 0.04) and between the groups showed statistically significant differences (P = 0.029). However, severity of @entity933 was not significantly different between the @entity7782 and placebo groups during the study period. CONCLUSION: It seems that @entity7782 with its diverse effects can be a potential option for prevention of @entity260 . In this pilot study, @entity7782 significantly decreased the incidence but not severity of @entity260 .

title: XXXX for the Prevention of @entity260 : A Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7782 :: ('MESH:D003533', 'Chemical') :: ['cyproheptadine']

entities_list: @entity4934 :: ('MESH:D019954', 'Disease') :: ['neurobehavioral complication']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative delirium', 'Postoperative delirium']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium', 'Delirium']

answer: @entity7782 :: (MESH:D003533,Chemical) :: ['Cyproheptadine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 is widely considered to be associated with @entity788 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of @entity788 in new-onset type 2 @entity6 @entity1 by measuring the serum level of CA 19-9 and performing abdominal ultrasonography (US). @entity1 AND METHODS: Consecutive type 2 @entity6 @entity1 in whom @entity6 was diagnosed within 36 months were included in this prospective study. Serum CA 19-9 measurement and US were performed in all @entity1 . If any of two was positive, abdominal computer tomography (CT) was carried out. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration or direct surgical referral was performed on @entity1 with CT-identified lesions. RESULTS: A total of 115 @entity1 were enrolled. CA 19-9 was elevated in 10 @entity1 but @entity788 diagnosed in neither of them. @entity788 was revealed by morphological means in three @entity1 without elevated CA 19-9 level. The sensitivity, specificity, positive-, negative predictive values and validity were 0%, 90.4%, 0%, 97.9% and 87.9% for CA 19-9, 66.7%, 100%, 100%, 99% and 99% for US, respectively. The value of the Standardized Incidence Ratio for @entity788 in new-onset type-2 @entity6 @entity1 was 198.6 (95% CI  =  6.25-46.9). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of @entity788 in @entity1 with new-onset type-2 @entity6 is significantly higher than that in the general population and screening is beneficial for detecting PaC in this @entity1 population. CA 19-9 and US is not reliable screening modality for @entity788 screening in this population.

title: New-onset @entity6 - A high-risk group suitable for the screening of XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes', 'Type 2 diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity6872 are @entity5 localized to the sellar region arising from plasma cells. Knowledge of clinical, imaging, surgical, and pathological characteristics is limited to single case reports. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of five primary cases was conducted, followed by systematic review of English language articles using PubMed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS: Five primary case @entity1 include four @entity1 and one @entity1 , ages 60-77, followed up to 3  years. A systematic review identified 65 additional @entity1 , of whom 65% presented with @entity129 and 15% with @entity4614 . Sixteen percent had history of known @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ) while 37% were diagnosed concurrently with @entity1582 on presentation of @entity6872 . Imaging showed median @entity5 size of 38  mm (range, 4-70  mm), with MRI intensity similar to that of other sellar masses. Surgical biopsy with immunohistochemical studies confirmed plasmacytoma diagnosis. Eighty-one percent underwent parasellar radiotherapy, and chemotherapy initiated in 59% of the 69 @entity1 with @entity1582 . Overall survival rate was 74% at follow-up (median 12  months), with 18% having parasellar recurrences and 38% progressing to systemic @entity1582 after presentation of a solitary plasmacytoma (median 3  months). CONCLUSIONS: @entity6872 are @entity5 that should be considered in the differential diagnosis for lesions involving the sella and arising from the clivus, especially when @entity129 paresis is apparent, even in the absence of known @entity1582 . Although recurrence rates for @entity6872 is low, @entity1 should be monitored for progression to @entity1582 . Treatment depends on the presence of @entity262 at diagnosis.

title: Sellar and clival plasmacytomas: case series of 5 XXXX with systematic review of 65 published cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve palsies', 'cranial nerve']

entities_list: @entity6872 :: ('MESH:D010954', 'Disease') :: ['Parasellar plasmacytomas', 'parasellar plasmacytoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rare tumors']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity4614 :: ('MESH:D007018', 'Disease') :: ['hypopituitarism']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: 1. We examined the effects of endogenous @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) on the production of @entity650 ( @entity650 ), @entity6824 ( @entity6824 ), and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) by @entity1356 ( @entity1356 )-stimulated @entity1 synovial fibroblasts. 2. @entity8228 (1 microM), a cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, inhibited @entity650 and @entity7 production (35+/-4% and 26+/-2%, respectively) but enhanced @entity6824 production (38+/-4%) by @entity1356 (1 ng ml(-1)) in synovial fibroblasts isolated from @entity1 with @entity571 ( @entity571 ) and @entity309 ( @entity309 ). Exogenous @entity1421 completely abolished the effects of @entity8228 on the production of each mediator by @entity571 fibroblasts stimulated with @entity1356 . 3. 8-Bromo @entity1919 and @entity5393 , @entity1919 analogues, mimicked the effects of @entity1421 on @entity650 , @entity6824 , and @entity7 production by @entity571 fibroblasts. 4. The EP(2) selective receptor agonist @entity56264 (2 nM) and the EP(4) selective receptor agonist @entity69446 (2 or 20 nM), but not the EP(1) selective receptor agonist @entity39947 (1 microM) and the EP(3) selective receptor agonist @entity56263 (1 microM), replaced the effects of @entity1421 on @entity650 , @entity6824 , and @entity7 production by @entity571 and @entity309 fibroblasts stimulated with @entity1356 in the presence of @entity8228 . 5. Both @entity571 and @entity309 fibroblasts expressed mRNA encoding EP(2) and EP(4) but not EP(1) receptors. In addition, up-regulation of EP(2) and EP(4) receptor mRNAs was observed at 3 h after @entity1356 treatment. 6. These results suggest that endogenous @entity1421 regulates the production of @entity650 , @entity6824 , and @entity7 by @entity1356 -stimulated @entity1 synovial fibroblasts through the activation of EP(2) and EP(4) receptors with increase in @entity1919 .

title: Regulation by @entity1421 of the production of @entity650 , @entity6824 , and XXXX in @entity1 synovial fibroblasts.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5393 :: ('MESH:D003994', 'Chemical') :: ['dibutyryl cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'OA']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity1356 :: ('3553', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-1beta', 'IL-1beta']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E(2)', 'PGE(2)']

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity6824 :: ('1435', 'Gene') :: ['M-CSF', 'macrophage colony stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']