abstract: UNASSIGNED: Paresthesia-dominant and @entity158 -dominant subgroups have been noted in @entity923 ( @entity923 ), a peripheral @entity1109 characterized by altered primary somatosensory/motor (S1/M1) physiology. We aimed to investigate whether brain morphometry dissociates these subgroups. Subjects with @entity923 were evaluated with nerve conduction studies, whereas symptom severity ratings were used to allocate subjects into @entity809 -dominant ( @entity923 - @entity809 ), @entity158 -dominant ( @entity158 ), and @entity158 / @entity809 nondominant (not included in further analysis) subgroups. Structural brain magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired at 3T using a multiecho MPRAGE T1-weighted pulse sequence, and gray matter cortical @entity121 was calculated across the entire brain using validated, automated methods. @entity923 - @entity809 subjects demonstrated reduced median sensory nerve conduction velocity (P = 0.05) compared with @entity158 subjects. In addition, cortical @entity121 in precentral and postcentral gyri (S1/M1 hand area) contralateral to the more affected hand was significantly reduced in @entity923 - @entity809 subgroup compared with @entity158 subgroup. Moreover, in @entity923 - @entity809 subjects, precentral cortical @entity121 was negatively correlated with @entity809 severity (r(34) = -0.40, P = 0.016) and positively correlated with median nerve sensory velocity (r(36) = 0.51, P = 0.001), but not with @entity158 severity. Conversely, in @entity158 subjects, contralesional S1 (r(9) = 0.62, P = 0.042) and M1 (r(9) = 0.61, P = 0.046) cortical @entity121 were correlated with @entity158 severity, but not median nerve velocity or @entity809 severity. This double dissociation in somatotopically specific S1/M1 areas suggests a neuroanatomical substrate for symptom-based @entity923 subgroups. Such fine-grained subgrouping of @entity923 may lead to improved personalized therapeutic approaches, based on superior characterization of the linkage between peripheral and central neuroplasticity.

title: Primary somatosensory/motor cortical @entity121 distinguishes @entity809 -dominant from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['paresthesia']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic disorder']

entities_list: @entity923 :: ('MESH:D002349', 'Disease') :: ['CTS', 'carpal tunnel syndrome']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['thickness']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain-dominant carpal tunnel syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic recurrent inflammatory skin disease that affects 2-3% of the world population. Biologics are relatively new systemic treatments that block molecular steps important in the pathogenesis of @entity1569 . In vivo Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non-invasive, imaging technique already reported to be useful in the evaluation of the follow-up of PP under treatment with topical actives and phototherapy. No reports on systemic treatments have been proposed in literature so far. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of RCM in the monitoring of microscopic response to a subcutaneous anti- @entity310 treatment, Adalimumab. METHODS: One @entity75 with typical clinical aspect, from 48 psoriatic @entity1 , was evaluated using RCM at baseline, after 4 and 8  weeks of treatment. RESULTS: Microscopic confocal changes were followed up during treatment. Results disclosed identification of early microscopic evidence of the anti-inflammatory activity of Adalimumab not detected at clinical examination. Confocal feature related to the effect of @entity310 on melanocytes activity has been also identified. CONCLUSION: Early detected RCM parameters related to Adalimumab activity could be used to identify an early response to the treatment. RCM seems to be able to give useful and practical information about follow-up in @entity1 with PP under treatment with Adalimumab.

title: Reflectance confocal microscopy for plaque @entity1569 therapeutic follow-up during an anti- XXXX monoclonal antibody: an observational multicenter study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['target lesion']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

answer: @entity310 :: (7124,Gene) :: ['TNF-a']


abstract: @entity1426 metabolism leads to the generation of biologically active metabolites that regulate cell growth and proliferation, as well as survival and apoptosis. We have demonstrated previously that @entity10327 (LOX) regulates the growth and survival of a number of @entity5 cells. In this study, we show that overexpression of platelet-type 12-LOX in @entity263 @entity11620 cells or epithelial @entity5 A431 cells significantly extended their survival and delayed apoptosis when cultured under serum-free conditions. These effects were shown to be a result of enhanced surface integrin expression, resulting in a more spread morphology of the cells in culture. @entity11620 cells transfected with 12-LOX displayed increased alpha(v)beta(3) and alpha(v)beta(5) integrin expression, whereas other integrins were unaltered. Transfected A431 cells did not express alpha(v)beta(3); however, alpha(v)beta(5) integrin expression was increased. Treatment of both transfected cell lines with monoclonal antibody to alpha(v)beta(5) (and in the case of @entity11620 cells, anti-alpha(v)beta(3)) resulted in significant apoptosis. In addition, treatment with 100 nM @entity11903 , the end product of platelet-type 12-LOX, but not other @entity11117 , enhanced the survival of wild-type @entity11620 and A431 cells and resulted in increased expression of alpha(v)beta(5). Furthermore, @entity19988 or @entity45658 , specific 12-LOX inhibitors, significantly decreased alpha(v)beta(5)-mediated adhesion and survival in 12-LOX-overexpressing cells. The results show that 12-LOX regulates cell survival and apoptosis by affecting the expression and localization of the vitronectin receptors, alpha(v)beta(3) and alpha(v)beta(5), in two @entity5 cell lines.

title: Overexpression of @entity10327 promotes XXXX cell survival by enhancing alpha(v)beta(3) and alpha(v)beta(5) integrin expression.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity19988 :: ('MESH:C006680', 'Chemical') :: ['Baicalein']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['Arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity11903 :: ('MESH:D019377', 'Chemical') :: ['12(S)-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity10327 :: ('239', 'Gene') :: ['platelet-type 12-lipoxygenase']

entities_list: @entity11117 :: ('MESH:D006893', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acids']

entities_list: @entity45658 :: ('MESH:C085219', 'Chemical') :: ['N-benzyl-N-hydroxy-5-phenylpentamide']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Preoperative glucocorticoid administration has been proposed for reducing postoperative morbidity. This is not widely used before esophageal resection because of incomplete knowledge regarding its effectiveness. The aim here was to assess the effects of preoperative glucocorticoid administration in adults undergoing esophageal resection for @entity418 . METHODS: Studies were identified by searching the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CancerLit, SCIELO and Cochrane Library, and by manual searching from relevant articles. The last search for clinical trials for this systematic review was performed in December 2005. This review included randomized studies of @entity1 with potentially resectable @entity189 of the esophagus that compared preoperative glucocorticoid administration with placebo. Data were extracted by the reviewer, and the trial quality was assessed using Jadad scoring. Odds ratio with 95% confidence limits and bayesian relative risk were used to assess the significance of the difference between the treatment arms. RESULTS: Four randomized trials involving 169 @entity1 were found. There were no differences in postoperative mortality, @entity834 , hepatic and @entity177 between the glucocorticoid and placebo groups. There were fewer @entity260 (95% CI = 0.09-0.46), @entity295 (95% CI = 0.10-0.81), and @entity260 (95% CI = 0.06-0.23) with preoperative glucocorticoid administration. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic administration of glucocorticoids is associated with @entity260 .

title: [Use of preoperative glucocorticoid to risk reduction of complications after esophagectomy by XXXX : meta-analysis].

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative respiratory complications', 'decreased postoperative complications', 'total postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['esophagus carcinoma']


abstract: Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) is indigenous to Vietnam and other countries in Southeast Asia. Its seed pulp contains high concentrations of carotenoids, especially the provitamin A, @entity2066 . In northern Vietnam, gac fruits are seasonal and are mainly used in making a @entity579 dish called xoi gac. The purpose of this study was to develop a method to collect and preserve gac fruit oil, to evaluate the nutritional composition of the oil, and to assess the acceptability of the gac oil by typical Vietnamese homemakers. One hundred @entity1 participated in training to learn how to prepare the fruits and operate the oil press. The @entity1 also participated in a survey of gac fruit use and their habitual use of animal fat and vegetable oil. Among all the @entity1 in the training and surveys, 35 @entity1 actually produced oil from gac fruits grown in the village, using manual oil presses and locally available materials. The total carotene concentration in gac fruit oil was 5,700 micrograms/ml. The concentration of @entity2066 was 2,710 micrograms/ml. Sixty-nine percent of total fat was unsaturated, and 35% of that was polyunsaturated. The average daily consumption of gac fruit oil was estimated at 2 ml per @entity1 . The daily @entity2066 intake (from gac fruit oil) averaged approximately 5 mg per @entity1 . It was found that gac oil can be produced locally by village @entity1 using manual presses and locally available materials. The oil is a rich source of @entity2066 , @entity270 , and essential @entity1718 . Although the @entity2066 concentration declines with time without a preservative or proper storage, it was still high after three months. The oil was readily accepted by the @entity1 and their @entity1 , and consumption of the oil increased the intake of @entity2066 and reduced the intake of lard.

title: A method of preserving and testing the acceptability of gac fruit oil, a good source of @entity2066 and essential XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'children', 'person']

entities_list: @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin E']

entities_list: @entity2066 :: ('MESH:D019207', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-carotene']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

answer: @entity1718 :: (MESH:D005227,Chemical) :: ['fatty acids']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity1614 ( @entity1614 ) have a highly variable occurrence of aortic complications. Aortic tortuosity is often present in @entity1614 and may help to identify @entity1 at risk for aortic complications. METHODS: 3D-visualization of the total aorta by MR imaging was performed in 211 adult @entity1614 @entity1 (28% with prior aortic root replacement) and 20 controls. A method to assess aortic tortuosity (aortic tortuosity index: ATI) was developed and reproducibility was tested. The relation between ATI and age, and body size and aortic dimensions at baseline was investigated. Relations between ATI at baseline and the occurrence of a clinical endpoint ( @entity1580 , and/or aortic surgery) and @entity384 rate during 3years of follow-up were investigated. RESULTS: ATI intra- and interobserver agreements were excellent (ICC: 0.968 and 0.955, respectively). Mean ATI was higher in 28 age-matched @entity1614 @entity1 than in the controls (1.92  0.2 vs. 1.82  0.1, p=0.048). In the total @entity1614 cohort, mean ATI was 1.87  0.20, and correlated with age (r=0.281, p<0.001), aortic root diameter (r=0.223, p=0.006), and aortic volume expansion rate (r=0.177, p=0.026). After 49.3  8.8months follow-up, 33 @entity1 met the combined clinical endpoint (7 dissections) with a significantly higher ATI at baseline than @entity1 without endpoint (1.98  0.2 vs. 1.86  0.2, p=0.002). @entity1 with an ATI>1.95 had a 12.8 times higher probability of meeting the combined endpoint (log rank-test, p<0.001) and a 12.1 times higher probability of developing an @entity1580 (log rank-test, p=0.003) compared to @entity1 with an ATI<1.95. CONCLUSIONS: Increased ATI is associated with a more severe aortic phenotype in @entity1614 @entity1 .

title: Increased aortic tortuosity indicates a more severe aortic phenotype in adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['aortic dilatation']

entities_list: @entity1614 :: ('MESH:D008382', 'Disease') :: ['MFS', 'Marfan syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['aortic dissection']

answer: @entity1614 :: (MESH:D008382,Disease) :: ['Marfan syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of the present study was to prepare taste-masked mini-tablets, which are easily swallowed dosage forms primarily used by pediatric and geriatric @entity1 . Hot-melt extrusion technology was used to prepare mini-tablets of the bitter model drug @entity7988 . @entity68041 was used as a taste-masking polymer for the mini-tablets. Thermo gravimetric analysis studies showed that the drug was thermally stable under the employed extrusion parameters. Differential scanning calorimetry and polarized light microscopy-hot stage microscopy studies confirmed that the binary mixtures were miscible under the employed extrusion temperatures. The binary mixtures (10%-50% w/w) were blended and extruded with a 5-mm strand die and cut into consistent mini-tablets by using an adapted downstream pelletizer.In vitro release studies showed that drug release was less than 0.5% within the first 2 min in simulated salivary fluid (pH 6.8) and more than 90% in the first 20 min in gastric media (pH 1.0). The results of the electronic tongue analysis were well correlated with the drug release results obtained for the mini-tablets in artificial saliva. SEM revealed no pores or cracks on the surface of the mini-tablets, confirming that the mini-tablets were compact solids. Fourier transform infrared studies revealed that the @entity4880 group in @entity7988 had an intermolecular interaction with the carrier. Chemical imaging confirmed the uniform distribution of @entity7988 inside the polymer matrices. These results confirmed the excellent suitability of @entity68041 for the preparation of novel pediatric and geriatric dosage forms aimed at masking drug taste and improving @entity1 compliance.

title: Preparation and Evaluation of Hot-Melt Extruded XXXX -CentricKetoprofenMini-tablets.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7988 :: ('MESH:D007660', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoprofen']

entities_list: @entity4880 :: ('CHEBI:33575', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxylic acid']

entities_list: @entity68041 :: ('MESH:C518398', 'Chemical') :: ['Eudragit   EPO']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: @entity1271 in @entity291 can be defined as a binary trait, reflecting presence or absence of @entity922 ( @entity922 ), or as a count variable, number of @entity1271 cases (NCM), within a defined time interval. Many different models have been proposed for genetic analyses of @entity1271 , and the objective of this study was to evaluate the predictive ability and sire predictions of a set of models for genetic evaluation of @entity922 or NCM. Linear- and threshold liability models for @entity922 , and linear, censored ordinal threshold, and zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) models for NCM were compared in a cross-validation study. To assess the ability of these models to predict future data, records from 620492 first-lactation Norwegian Red @entity291 , which were daughters of 3064 sires, were evaluated in a fourfold cross-validation scheme. The mean squared error of prediction was used for model comparison. All models but ordinal threshold model equally performed when comparing the overall predictive ability. This result was on average, across sick and healthy @entity291 ; however, the models behaved differently for each category of animals. For example, healthy @entity291 were predicted better by the threshold and linear models for binary data and ZIP model, whereas for mastitic @entity291 , the ordinal threshold model was by far the best model. Predicted sire effects and rankings of sires were highly correlated across all models. For practical purposes, the linear models are very competitive with the nonlinear models.

title: Predictive ability of alternative models for genetic analysis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['CM', 'clinical mastitis']

entities_list: @entity1271 :: ('MESH:D008413', 'Disease') :: ['Mastitis', 'mastitis']

answer: @entity922 :: (MESH:D013568,Disease) :: ['clinical mastitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVES: @entity1 frequently experience @entity158 of moderate to severe degree during gynaecologic procedures. This prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was aimed to investigate the analgesic efficacy of preoperative oral @entity20365 , intravenous @entity1443 , @entity3303 spray, @entity6882 and @entity3522 on fractional curettage procedure. METHODS: A total of 144 mutiparous @entity1 were randomly allocated to one of the six groups. The first group (control group) consisted of 22 @entity1 and they did not receive any treatment. The second group had 26 @entity1 receiving oral 25 mg @entity20365 . The 23 @entity1 of the third group received two puff @entity3303 sprays on cervical mucosa. t0 he forth group consisted of 25 @entity1 receiving 100 mg @entity6882 . In the fifth group, the 23 @entity1 received 1000 mg intravenous @entity1443 and the sixth group consisted of 25 @entity1 receiving @entity3522 . RESULTS: @entity6882 was the best choice for reducing @entity158 score during curettage procedure (t2:intra-operative). All analgesic procedures were significantly effective in reducing @entity158 during postoperative period (t3). Significant @entity158 reduction was achieved for both intra- and postoperative period by using analgesics. INTERPRETATION _ CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study showed that @entity3303 puffs provided the @entity158 relief than the other analgesics used. Therefore, @entity3303 may be considered as the first choice analgesic in fractional curettage (NCT ID: 01993589).

title: Effect of XXXX , @entity20365 , @entity3303 spray, @entity6882 _ @entity3522 application for @entity158 relief during fractional curettage: A randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac sodium']

entities_list: @entity6882 :: ('MESH:D008614', 'Chemical') :: ['Pethidine', 'pethidine']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'best pain']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol']

entities_list: @entity20365 :: ('MESH:C118296', 'Chemical') :: ['dexketoprofen trometamol']

answer: @entity1443 :: (MESH:D000082,Chemical) :: ['paracetamol']


abstract: Five-year survival in @entity1 with unresectable @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is less than 10%. In the present phase II study, 43 @entity1 with locally advanced stage IIIA or selected IIIB @entity1149 were given four courses of @entity3003 AUC = 6 and @entity1311 200 mg/m2 (3-hour infusion), every 3 weeks. Responsive @entity1 , when possible, underwent surgery followed by standard radiotherapy (50 Gy) or radiotherapy (60 Gy), with concurrent @entity900 as intravenous continuous infusion of 4 mg/m2/d. Sixteen of the 42 evaluable @entity1 achieved partial response (38%) and 3 complete response (CR) (7%) for an overall response rate of 45% (95% CI 30.1-60.2). R0 resectability rate was 29%, with 21% of pathologic CRs. Three more CRs were achieved with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in responsive but unresected @entity1 . Grade III/IV hematologic @entity137 was 9%, while one perioperative @entity204 occurred. The median duration of response was 14 months (range: 3-44+); median survival was 15 months (range: 9-47+). One-year and 2-year survival rates were 51% and 22%, respectively. The median survival in the responsive resected @entity1 was 26 months, with 2-year survival of 57%. @entity3003 / @entity1311 represents an effective and well-tolerated induction therapy, suggesting its possible role in combination with radiotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment in locally advanced @entity1149 in alternative to @entity900 -based regimens.

title: Induction chemotherapy with @entity3003 / @entity1311 followed by surgery or standard radiotherapy and concurrent daily low-dose XXXX for locally advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboplatin', 'carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: The response to treatment and the malignant progression of @entity5 are influenced by the ability of the @entity5 cells to withstand severe @entity1949 during prolonged exposure to @entity519 at normal or low extracellular pH (pHe). The objective of the present work was to demonstrate intertumour heterogeneity under conditions of microenvironment-induced @entity1949 and to investigate whether the heterogeneity can be attributed to differences in the capacity of the @entity5 cells to generate energy in an @entity26 -deficient microenvironment. Cultures of four @entity1 @entity320 cell lines (BEX-c, COX-c, SAX-c, WIX-c) were exposed to @entity519 in vitro at pHe 7.4, 7.0 or 6.6 for times up to 31 h by using the steel-chamber method. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to assess adenylate energy charge as a function of exposure time. Cellular rates of @entity413 uptake and @entity880 release were determined by using standard enzymatic test kits. The adenylate energy charge decreased with time under @entity519 in all cell lines. The decrease was most pronounced shortly after the treatment had been initiated and then tapered off. BEX-c and SAX-c showed a significantly higher adenylate energy charge under @entity519 conditions than did COX-c and WIX-c whether the pHe was 7.4, 7.0 or 6.6, showing that @entity5 can differ in the ability to avoid @entity1949 during microenvironmental stress. There was no correlation between the adenylate energy charge and the rates of @entity413 uptake and @entity880 release. Intertumour heterogeneity in the ability to withstand @entity1949 in an @entity26 -deficient microenvironment cannot therefore be attributed mainly to differences in the capacity of the @entity5 cells to generate energy by anaerobic metabolism. The data presented here suggest that the heterogeneity is rather caused by differences in the capacity of the @entity5 cells to reduce the rate of energy consumption when exposed to @entity519 .

title: Energy metabolism in XXXX @entity320 cells under @entity519 and acidic conditions in vitro.

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['energy deprivation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Although surgery remains the mainstay of curative treatment for @entity14 ( @entity14 ), many @entity1 still have high chance to experience disease relapse. It is therefore imperative to identify prognostic markers that can help predict the clinical outcomes of @entity14 . Aberrant microRNA expression holds great potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for @entity14 . Here we aimed to investigate clinical potential of miR-34a-5p as a prognostic marker for @entity14 recurrence and its functional significance. First, we validated that miR-34a-5p was downregulated in @entity14 tissues (P<0.05). The expression level of tissue miR-34a-5p was then evaluated in two independent cohorts of 268 @entity14 @entity1 . miR-34a-5p expression was positively correlated with disease-free survival in two independent cohorts (cohort I: n=205, P<0.001; cohort II: n=63, P=0.006). Moreover, the expression of miR-34a-5p was an independent prognostic factor for @entity14 recurrence by multivariate analysis (P<0.001 for cohort I, P=0.007 for cohort II). Ectopic expression of miR-34a-5p in @entity876 wild-type @entity694 cell HCT116 significantly inhibited cell growth, migration, invasion and @entity3 . miR-34a-5p induced cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and @entity876 transcription activity in HCT116 cells, but not in the HCT116 @entity876 knockout ( @entity876 (-/-)) cells. miR-34a-5p significantly suppressed the HCT116 growth in vivo, whereas it showed no effect on the HCT116 @entity876 (-/-) xenograft, indicating that the growth-inhibiting effect by miR-34a-5p was dependent on @entity876 . In addition, the expression level of miR-34a-5p in @entity1 with @entity876 -positive expression was higher than that in @entity1 with @entity876 -negative expression (P<0.01). In conclusion, miR-34a-5p inhibits recurrence of @entity14 through inhibiting cell growth, migration and invasion, inducing cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in a @entity876 -dependent manner.Oncogene advance online publication, 3 November 2014; doi:10.1038/onc.2014.348.

title: miR-34a-5p suppresses @entity14 XXXX and predicts recurrence in @entity1 with @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer', 'CRC tumour']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Existence of true @entity2694 has been questioned in recent years. Therefore an @entity2694 was analyzed with two new specific markers of lymphatic endothelium. METHODS: Case-report with clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings. A 25-year-old @entity1 presented with recurrent lower lid " @entity1410 " and a @entity3587 -sized @entity5 palpable in the left lower lid. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an inferonasally located orbital @entity5 which extended to the posterior pole of the eye. The highly vascularized @entity5 was excised by medial orbitotomy. RESULTS: Histopathologically, the mass consisted of large, erythrocyte-filled cavernous vessels without evidence of smooth muscle cells or pericytes surrounding them. Numerous lymph follicles and small arterioles were scattered between them. Immunohistochemically, endothelial cells lining the lumina of the cavernous vessels were partly positive for @entity13712 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 ( @entity7802 ), two markers of lymphatic endothelium. These markers did not react with endothelial cells lining the arterioles. Ultrastructurally, cavernous vessels displayed features characteristic of lymphatic vessels, and the smaller vessels demonstrated signs of arterioles. CONCLUSION: Ultrastructural analysis and immunohistochemistry using two new markers of lymphatic endothelium suggest a lymphatic nature of large vessels in an @entity2694 . A greater series of @entity5 must be studied with these new lymph endothelial markers to confirm the existence of true @entity2694 and to analyze different profiles of lymph endothelial marker expression.

title: @entity2694 with positive immunohistochemistry of lymphatic endothelial markers (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 and XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'vascular orbital tumors']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['orbital lymphangiomas', 'orbital lymphangioma']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematomas']

answer: @entity13712 :: (10630,Gene) :: ['podoplanin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3606 is a rare but serious @entity69817 leading to substantial morbidity and early mortality due to @entity943 and @entity296 . The X-linked nature of inheritance accounts for reported differences in phenotypic severity between @entity1 and @entity1 . The rarity of @entity3606 has limited understanding of the complete phenotype. Clinical estimates of ages of disease onset and survival based on gender have not been published. METHODS AND RESULTS: We present data on 82 @entity1 with @entity3606 from 36 families, the largest series to date. @entity1 were severely affected with @entity73 (100%), @entity1121 (88%), and @entity425 (80%). @entity1 had a high morbidity and were unlikely to reach the age of 25 years without a cardiac transplantation. @entity1 were less severely affected but reported higher than expected levels of cognitive (47%) and skeletal muscle complaints (50%) and manifesting an equal prevalence of @entity384 and @entity1121 . Combining our data with that of 63 other @entity3606 case reports in the literature, the average ages of first symptom, cardiac transplantation, and @entity204 were 12.1, 17.9, and 19.0 years in @entity1 and 27.9, 33.7, and 34.6 years in @entity1 , respectively. CONCLUSION: These data more broadly illuminate the @entity3606 phenotype and should prove useful to physicians working with and providing genetic counseling to families with @entity3606 . @entity1 with @entity3606 present with clinical symptoms and events approximately 15 years after @entity1 and report a higher proportion of cognitive and skeletal muscle problems than previously recognized.

title: Natural history of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive disabilities']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity3606 :: ('MESH:D052120', 'Disease') :: ['Danon disease']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity69817 :: ('MESH:C538496', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac and skeletal myopathy']

answer: @entity3606 :: (MESH:D052120,Disease) :: ['Danon disease']


abstract: The @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) is the only focus of axillary metastasis in a significant proportion of @entity1 . In this single institutional study, clinicopathologic characteristics were investigated to determine the factors predicting the status of a @entity1600 biopsy and the metastatic involvement of non-SLNs. Data were retrospectively reveiwed for 400 consecutive @entity1 with clinical T1/T2 N0 @entity0 who underwent a @entity1600 biopsy including axillary and/or internal mammary lymph nodes. The SLNs were evaluated by using the new AJCC staging criteria following multiple sectioning and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses of nodes. The @entity1600 contained @entity3 in 148 @entity1 (38.5%) including 18 @entity1 (12.2%) with micrometastases (<or=0.2 mm) and 130 @entity1 (87.8%) with macrometastases (>0.2 cm). Five @entity1 had @entity5 cells detected by IHC (<or=0.2 mm, N(0i)). @entity1 with @entity5 size more than 2 cm (T1, 29.8% versus T2, 51.6%; OR=2.31, 95% CI, 1.50-3.56) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI-, 30.3% versus LVI+, 51.3%; OR=2.07, 95% CI, 1.34-3.19) were more likely to have positive SLNs in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Among @entity1 with a positive @entity1600 biopsy, those with T2 @entity5 (versus T1; 63.1% versus 36.9; OR=2.93, 95% CI, 1.43-6.04), macrometastases in SLNs (versus micrometastases; 88.9% versus 11.1%; OR=8.83; 95% CI, 1.82-42.87) and extracapsular node extension (versus without extracapsular node extension; 65.4% versus 34.6%; OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.05-4.72) were more likely to have non- @entity1600 @entity3 in both univariate and multivarite analyses. These results indicate that clinicopathologic factors might be helpful to select @entity1 who were less likely to have negative @entity1600 or non-SLNs. However, additional factors are still needed to be identified to omit surgical axillary staging.

title: Factors predicting the sentinel and non- @entity1600 @entity3 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'isolated tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['sentinel lymph node', 'SLN']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective evaluation of anterior instrumentation of the vertebral bodies in the thoracolumbar spine. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possibility of preserving the segmental vessels following anterior instrumentation. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Occlusion of the segmental vessels, routinely performed during anterior spine instrumentation, might cause @entity16 secondary to cord @entity63 . METHODS: The medical data of 29 @entity1 following anterior instrumentation of the vertebral bodies at the thoracolumbar spine were reviewed. All underwent surgery recently when we decided to preserve the segmental vessels whenever possible. We sought the reasons that enabled us to do so regarding age, gender, underlying pathology, surgical technique, operation duration, instrumentation type and size, and location in the vertebral body. RESULTS: In only 7 @entity1 , fused between T10 and L5, were we able to preserve the segmental vessels. All were instrumented with one 6.25-7-mm wide screw in each vertebral body connected by one rod, approximately half the screws above and half below the segmental vessels. In 22 @entity1 , we were unable to preserve the vessels due to the need to insert 2 screws or a large threaded wide vertebral cage into each vertebra. CONCLUSIONS: There is adequate space anteriorly in the vertebral body, above and below the segmental vessels, for the insertion of one screw, even with staples.

title: Avoiding XXXX following ligation of the segmental vessels during anterior instrumentation of the thoracolumbar spine.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['neurologic complications']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mild @entity131 (mTBI) is a common problem in general practice settings, yet previous research does not take into account those who do not attend hospital after injury. This is important as there is evidence that effects may be far from mild. AIM: To determine whether @entity1 sustain any persistent effects 1 year after mTBI, and to identify the predictors of health outcomes. DESIGN AND SETTING: A community-based, longitudinal population study of an mTBI incidence cohort (n = 341) from a mixed urban and rural region (Hamilton and Waikato Districts) of the North Island of New Zealand (NZ). METHOD: Adults (>16 years) completed assessments of cognitive functioning, global functioning, post-concussion symptoms, mood, and quality of life over the year after injury. RESULTS: Nearly half of @entity1 (47.9%) reported experiencing four or more post-concussion symptoms 1 year post-injury. Additionally, 10.9% of @entity1 revealed @entity73 . Levels of @entity148 , @entity308 , or reduced quality of life were comparable with the general population. Having at least one comorbidity, history of @entity1545 , living alone, non-white ethnic group, @entity285 and medication use, and being female were significant predictors of poorer outcomes at 12 months. CONCLUSION: Although some @entity1 make a spontaneous recovery after mTBI, nearly half continue to experience persistent symptoms linked to their injury. Monitoring of recovery from mTBI may be needed and interventions provided for those experiencing persistent difficulties. Demographic factors and medical history should be taken into account in treatment planning.

title: Persistent problems 1 year after mild XXXX : a longitudinal population study in New Zealand.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['very low cognitive functioning']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: Dietary phytic acid (PA; @entity8580 [MI] hexaphosphate) is known to inhibit @entity694 in rodents. Dietary fiber, which is a negative risk factor of @entity694 , improves characteristics of the colonic environment, such as the content of organic acids and microflora. We hypothesized that dietary PA would improve the colonic luminal environment in @entity35 fed a high-fat diet. To test this hypothesis, @entity35 were fed diets containing 30% beef tallow with 2.04% @entity1372 PA, 0.4% MI, or 1.02% @entity1372 PA + 0.2% MI for 3 weeks. Compared with the control diet, the @entity1372 PA diet up-regulated cecal organic acids, including @entity598 , @entity4919 , and @entity4876 ; this effect was especially prominent for cecal butyrate. The sodium PA + MI diet also significantly increased cecal butyrate, although this effect was less pronounced when compared with the @entity1372 PA diet. The cecal ratio of Lactobacillales, cecal and fecal mucins (an index of intestinal barrier function), and fecal b-glucosidase activity were higher in @entity35 fed the @entity1372 PA diet than in those fed the control diet. The sodium PA, MI, and sodium PA + MI diets decreased levels of serum @entity5 @entity39 factor a, which is a proinflammatory cytokine. Another proinflammatory cytokine, serum @entity568 , was also down-regulated by the @entity1372 PA and sodium PA + MI diets. These data showed that PA may improve the composition of cecal organic acids, microflora, and mucins, and it may decrease the levels of serum proinflammatory cytokines in @entity35 fed a high-fat, mineral-sufficient diet.

title: Dietary phytic acid modulates characteristics of the colonic luminal environment and reduces serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines in XXXX fed a high-fat diet.

entities_list: @entity4876 :: ('MESH:D002087', 'Chemical') :: ['n-butyrate']

entities_list: @entity8580 :: ('MESH:D007294', 'Chemical') :: ['myo-inositol']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4919 :: ('CHEBI:17272', 'Chemical') :: ['propionate']

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['acetate']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinogenesis', 'colon cancer']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3840 (COX-2)-specific inhibitors are marketed as safer analgesics than non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, there has been conflicting evidence concerning endothelial function and cardiovascular risk after COX-2 inhibitor use. We investigated forearm skin vascular reactivity to brief axillary @entity432 in healthy volunteers after a single dose of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs @entity5018 (non-selective) and @entity13586 (COX-2 specific). METHODS: Ten healthy male volunteers were studied. Forearm skin blood flow was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry. Two non-invasive probes were placed on the volar surface of the forearm. The magnitude of hyperaemic response to brief (20 s) and prolonged (5 min) occlusion of the axillary artery was measured before and 2-3 h after administration of @entity5018 800 mg or @entity13586 25 mg. The transient hyperaemic response ratio (THRR), defined as the net peak hyperaemic flow-flux divided by the net baseline flow-flux, was calculated. Each volunteer received both drugs in random order at least 1 week apart. RESULTS: @entity5018 and @entity13586 increased net baseline blood flow (median (range): @entity5018 , from 23.3 (12.1-40.8) to 31.5 (17.4-77.3); @entity13586 , from 22.0 (14.6-41.0) to 29.9 (19.5-112.0); P<0.01). The net hyperaemic peak flow-flux after brief and prolonged occlusion was unchanged after both drugs. THRR was reduced by both drugs ( @entity5018 , from 2.92 (2.38-3.86) to 2.09 (1.45-3.54); @entity13586 , from 3.36 (2.06-5.16) to 2.67 (1.15 -3.84); P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Both COX-2 and non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, when given to healthy volunteers as single therapeutic doses, decrease skin microvascular tone but do not impair maximal vasodilatory ability.

title: Non-selective and XXXX -specific non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs impair the hyperaemic response of skin to brief axillary @entity432 .

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity13586 :: ('MESH:C116926', 'Chemical') :: ['rofecoxib']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['Ibuprofen', 'ibuprofen']

answer: @entity3840 :: (5743,Gene) :: ['cyclo-oxygenase-2']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that @entity117 ( @entity1281 ) might alter the beneficial effect of beta-blockers on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in @entity1 with @entity712 . BACKGROUND: @entity117 blunts the vasodilation caused by both @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) inhibitors and beta-blockers in @entity101 @entity1 and in @entity1 with @entity712 . Several studies suggest that @entity1281 also blunts some of beneficial effects of @entity1289 inhibitors on mortality in @entity1 with @entity712 . To our knowledge, there have been no data evaluating the possible interaction of @entity1281 and beta-blockers on left ventricular remodeling in @entity1 with @entity712 . METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated @entity1 entered into the Multicenter Oral @entity1405 Heart failure Assessment (MOCHA) trial, a 6-month, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter, dose-response evaluation of @entity1405 in @entity1 with chronic stable symptomatic @entity712 . Multivariate analysis was performed to determine if @entity117 independently influenced the improvement in LVEF. RESULTS: Over all randomized @entity1 (n = 293), LVEF improved 8.2 +/- 0.8 ejection fraction (EF) units in @entity1281 nonusers and 4.5 +/- 0.7 EF units in @entity1281 users (p = 0.005). In subjects randomized to treatment with @entity1405 (n = 231), LVEF improved 9.5 +/- 0.9 EF units in @entity1281 nonusers and 5.8 +/- 0.8 EF units in @entity1281 users (p = 0.02). In subjects randomized to treatment with placebo (n = 62), LVEF improved 2.8 +/- 1.2 EF units in @entity1281 nonusers and 0.5 +/- 1.4 EF units in @entity1281 users (p = 0.20). @entity117 did not significantly affect the heart rate or systolic blood pressure response in either the placebo or @entity1405 groups. The effect of @entity1281 became more significant on multivariate analysis. The change in LVEF was also influenced by @entity1405 dose, etiology of @entity712 , baseline heart rate, EF and @entity1229 use. The detrimental effect of @entity1281 on the improvement in LVEF was dose-related and was present in both placebo and @entity1405 groups, although the effect was statistically significant only in the much larger @entity1405 group. CONCLUSIONS: @entity117 significantly affects the changes in LVEF over time in @entity1 with @entity712 and @entity299 treated with @entity1405 . The specific mechanism(s) underlying this interaction are unknown and further studies are needed to provide additional understanding of the molecular basis of factors influencing reverse remodeling in @entity1 with @entity712 .

title: XXXX impairs reverse myocardial remodeling in @entity1 with @entity712 treated with beta-blockers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['ACE', 'angiotensin-converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1405 :: ('MESH:C043211', 'Chemical') :: ['carvedilol', 'Carvedilol']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['coumadin']

answer: @entity117 :: (MESH:D001241,Chemical) :: ['Aspirin']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the effects of activated @entity35 hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) on @entity35 Th1/Th2 profile in vitro. METHODS: Growth and survival of activated HSCs and @entity11264 (+) T lymphocytes cultured alone or together was assessed after 24 or 48 h. @entity11264 (+) T lymphocytes were then cultured with or without activated HSCs for 24 or 48 h and the proportion of Th1 [interferon (IFN)-y(+)] and Th2 [interleukin (IL)-4(+)] cells was assessed by flow cytometry. Th1 and Th2 cell apoptosis was assessed after 24 h of co-culture using a caspase-3 staining procedure. Differentiation rates of Th1 and Th2 cells from @entity11264 (+) T lymphocytes that were positive for CD25 but did not express IFN-y or @entity12718 were also assessed after 48 h of co-culture with activated HSCs. Galectin-9 expression in HSCs was determined by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. ELISA was performed to assess galectin-9 secretion from activated HSCs. RESULTS: Co-culture of @entity11264 (+) T lymphocytes with activated @entity35 HSCs for 48 h significantly reduced the proportion of Th1 cells compared to culture-alone conditions (-1.73%    0.71%; P < 0.05), whereas the proportion of Th2 cells was not altered; the Th1/Th2 ratio was significantly decreased (-0.44    0.13; P < 0.05). In addition, the level of IFN-y in Th1 cells was decreased (-65.71    9.67; P < 0.01), whereas the level of @entity12718 in Th2 cells was increased (82.79    25.12; P < 0.05) by co-culturing, as measured by mean fluorescence intensity by flow cytometry. Apoptosis rates in Th1 (12.27%    0.99%; P < 0.01) and Th2 (1.71%    0.185%; P < 0.01) cells were increased 24 h after co-culturing with activated HSCs; the Th1 cell apoptosis rate was significantly higher than in Th2 cells (P < 0.01). Galectin-9 protein expression was significantly decreased in HSCs only 24 h after co-culturing (P < 0.05) but not after 48 h. Co-culture for 48 h significantly increased the differentiation of Th1 and Th2 cells; however, the increase in the proportion of Th2 cells was significantly higher than that of Th1 cells (1.85%    0.48%; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Activated @entity35 HSCs lower the Th1/Th2 profile, inhibiting the Th1 response and enhancing the Th2 response, and this may be a novel pathway for liver fibrogenesis.

title: Activated XXXX hepatic stellate cells influence Th1/Th2 profile in vitro.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the combined treatment of surgery and radiotherapy as well as prognosis significance for advanced @entity5 . METHODS: Fourty-three cases of advanced @entity5 treated by surgery and pre- and post-operative radiation were retrospectively analysed. Twenty-nine @entity1 were treated by preoperative radiotherapy with surgery, fourteen by surgery with postoperative irradiation. 43 @entity1 were underwent radical vulvectomy with inguinal lymphadenectomy (20 cases) and with biopsies of inguinal lymph nodes (16 cases). Partial resection of vagina, distant urethra or anus were done concurrently with radical vulvectomy in 41 @entity1 with adjacent organs invaded. The effects with various doses of radiation for local @entity5 were compared and the recurrences in @entity1 with @entity5 resected completely and with @entity66 after surgery were analysed. RESULTS: The overall 5-yr survival rate was 45.0% for this group (by Kaplan-Meier). @entity1 received preoperative irradiation with dose maximum (Dm) > or = 40 Gy had a better @entity5 regression than with Dm < 40 Gy (75.0% vs 18.2%, P < 0.05). 4 out of 6 @entity1 received postoperative irradiation Dm > 40 Gy were survived over 5-yr, in contrast, 2 out of 8 @entity1 with Dm < or = 40 Gy were survived over 3 and 5 years respectively. The local recurrence rate was 25.0% in @entity1 with no residual disease and 68.4% with microscopic @entity5 in the surgical margins or nearby (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that the dosage of irradiation and the thoroughness of radical surgery are the most important factors influencing the prognosis.

title: [Combined treatment for advanced XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'vulvar cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['microresidual disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['vulvar cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Angiogenesis denotes the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature. Progression of diseases such as @entity5 and several @entity74 may be promoted by excess angiogenesis. Novel therapeutics to inhibit angiogenesis and diagnostic tools for monitoring angiogenesis during therapy, hold great potential for improving treatment of such diseases. We have previously generated so-called biparatopic Affibody constructs with high affinity for the @entity319 ( @entity319 ), which recognize two non-overlapping epitopes in the ligand-binding site on the receptor. Affibody molecules have previously been demonstrated suitable for imaging purposes. Their small size also makes them attractive for applications where an alternative route of administration is beneficial, such as topical delivery using eye drops. In this study, we show that decreasing linker length between the two Affibody domains resulted in even slower dissociation from the receptor. The new variants of the biparatopic Affibody bound to @entity319 -expressing cells, blocked @entity7 binding, and inhibited @entity7 -induced signaling of @entity319 over expressing cells. Moreover, the biparatopic Affibody inhibited sprout formation of endothelial cells in an in vitro angiogenesis assay with similar potency as the bivalent monoclonal antibody ramucirumab. This study demonstrates that the biparatopic Affibody constructs show promise for future therapeutic as well as in vivo imaging applications.

title: Novel affinity binders for neutralization of XXXX ( @entity7 ) signaling.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity319 :: ('3791', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2', 'VEGFR2']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmological disorders']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']


abstract: Entry of influenza virus into the host cell is dependent on the fusion of the viral envelope with the endosomal membrane and is mediated by a low-pH-induced change of the viral hemagglutinin (HA) to a conformation that is fusogenic. A compound related to @entity70424 (180299) was identified that inhibits multicycle replication of influenza A/Kawasaki/86 (H1N1) virus in culture. Treatment of Madin-Darby @entity235 kidney (MDCK) cells with 180299 at 1 h before infection resulted in the inhibition of viral protein synthesis. Addition of 20 microgram of 180299/ml at 1 h p.i. had no effect, indicating that 180299 affects an early step of the influenza viral replication cycle. Genetic analysis of reassortants between sensitive and resistant viruses demonstrated that hemagglutinin (HA) conferred the 180299-resistant (180299(r)) phenotype. Twelve independent isolates of influenza A/Kawasaki/86 were selected for resistance to 180299, and sequence analysis revealed that each of these viruses contained @entity3689 substitutions in the HA. These mutations are dispersed throughout the HA primary @entity3689 sequence and cluster in one of two regions: the interface between HA1 and HA2 and in a region near the fusion domain of HA2. When compared with the parent virus, the pH-of-inactivation of the resistant mutants was increased by 0.3 to 0.6 pH unit, suggesting that the mutant HAs undergo the conformational change at an elevated pH. Fusion of @entity1 erythrocytes to MDCK cells infected with parent influenza A/Kawasaki/86 was inhibited by 180299 (0.1-10 microgram/ml) in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas fusion of erythrocytes to MDCK cells infected with 180299(r) mutants was not affected. These results suggest that 180299 interacts with the neutral pH conformation of influenza A HA and prevents the low-pH-induced change of HA to its fusogenic conformation.

title: Inhibition of influenza virus hemagglutinin-mediated membrane fusion by a compound related to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity70424 :: ('MESH:C002470', 'Chemical') :: ['podocarpic acid']

answer: @entity70424 :: (MESH:C002470,Chemical) :: ['podocarpic acid']


abstract: PURPOSE: Standard therapies for localized inoperable @entity1419 ( @entity1419 ) are ineffective. Advances in radiotherapy (RT) techniques and image guidance have enabled ablative doses to be delivered to large @entity96 . This study evaluated the effects of RT dose escalation in the treatment of @entity1419 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Seventy-nine consecutive @entity1 with inoperable @entity1419 were identified and treated with definitive RT from 2002 to 2014. At diagnosis, the median @entity5 size was 7.9 cm (range, 2.2 to 17 cm). Seventy @entity1 (89%) received systemic chemotherapy before RT. RT doses were 35 to 100 Gy (median, 58.05 Gy) in three to 30 fractions for a median @entity6110 ( @entity6110 ) of 80.5 Gy (range, 43.75 to 180 Gy). RESULTS: Median follow-up time for @entity1 alive at time of analysis was 33 months (range, 11 to 93 months). Median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) time after diagnosis was 30 months; 3-year @entity1349 rate was 44%. Radiation dose was the single most important prognostic factor; higher doses correlated with an improved local control (LC) rate and @entity1349 . The 3-year @entity1349 rate for @entity1 receiving @entity6110 greater than 80.5 Gy was 73% versus 38% for those receiving lower doses (P = .017); 3-year LC rate was significantly higher (78%) after a @entity6110 greater than 80.5 Gy than after lower doses (45%, P = .04). @entity6110 as a continuous variable significantly affected LC (P = .009) and @entity1349 (P = .004). There were no significant treatment-related @entity137 . CONCLUSION: Delivery of higher doses of RT improves LC and @entity1349 in inoperable @entity1419 . A @entity6110 greater than 80.5 Gy seems to be an ablative dose of RT for large IHCCs, with long-term survival rates that compare favorably with resection.

title: Ablative Radiotherapy Doses Lead to a Substantial Prolongation of Survival in XXXX With Inoperable @entity1419 : A Retrospective Dose Response Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumors']

entities_list: @entity6110 :: ('MESH:D017029', 'Disease') :: ['BED', 'biologic equivalent dose']

entities_list: @entity1419 :: ('MESH:C535533', 'Disease') :: ['IHCC', 'intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Using the @entity375 ( @entity375 ) two-hybrid system and a @entity415 ( @entity415 ) KNOX protein, designated @entity64491 , as bait, we have identified seven distinct interacting proteins from a stolon library of @entity415 . All seven cDNAs are members of the BEL1-like family of transcription factors. Among these proteins, there are at least four regions of high sequence conservation including the homeodomain, the @entity1521 - @entity669 - @entity1521 three- @entity535 loop extension, the SKY box, and a 120- @entity535 region upstream from the homeodomain. Through deletion analysis, we identified a protein-binding domain present in the @entity1473 end of the KNOX domain of @entity64491 . The protein-binding domain in the BEL1 protein is located in the @entity1472 -terminal one-half of the 120-residue conserved region of the BELs. RNA-blot analysis showed differential patterns of RNA accumulation for the BELs in various @entity415 organs. The level of @entity28132 mRNA increased in response to a short-day photoperiod in both leaves and stolons. Similar to sense mutants of @entity64491 , transgenic lines that overexpressed @entity28132 exhibited enhanced tuber formation even under noninductive conditions. Unlike @entity64491 sense lines, however, these BEL lines did not exhibit the extreme leaf and stem morphology characteristic of KNOX overexpressers and displayed a more rapid rate of growth than control plants. Both @entity28132 and @entity64491 sense lines exhibited an increase in cytokinin levels in shoot tips. @entity28132 lines also exhibited a decrease in the levels of GA 20-oxidase1 mRNA in stolon tips from long-day plants. Our results demonstrate an interaction between KNOX and BEL1-like transcription factors of @entity415 that may potentially regulate processes of development.

title: Interacting transcription factors from the three- XXXX loop extension superclass regulate tuber formation.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity415 :: ('4113', 'Species') :: ['potato', 'Solanum tuberosum']

entities_list: @entity1521 :: ('CHEBI:26271', 'Chemical') :: ['proline']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity1473 :: ('CHEBI:46883', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxy']

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['amino acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The increased risk of second @entity5 , including nonmelanoma @entity1489 , in @entity784 ( @entity784 ) @entity1 has been well documented. However, relatively few studies of @entity320 in @entity784 @entity1 have been reported. METHODS: A database of 250 @entity784 @entity1 registered over a 3-year period was searched to identify @entity1 with diagnoses of both @entity4888 ( @entity4888 ) and @entity320 . RESULTS: We identified six cases of @entity4888 associated with @entity320 and one associated with @entity6349 , which is a marker of increased risk of @entity320 . In four @entity1 , @entity320 was diagnosed along with or before @entity4888 . In the remaining two @entity1 , @entity4888 was diagnosed prior to @entity320 , although @entity6349 were noted at the time @entity4888 was diagnosed. These two @entity1 received treatment for their @entity4888 (one with topical @entity1568 mustard and another with radiation therapy and @entity1568 mustard) prior to the histologic confirmation of @entity320 . Six @entity1 had early stages of @entity4888 (IA or IB), while one @entity1 presented with simultaneous @entity4888 involving the lymph nodes as well as @entity320 metastatic to the lymph nodes from an unknown primary. CONCLUSION: There is an elevated prevalence of @entity320 in @entity4888 @entity1 compared to the general US population (P < 0.00001) with a relative risk of 15.3 for observing @entity320 in @entity4888 @entity1 (95% confidence interval 7.0-33.8). Possible pathologic links between the two diagnoses include effects of @entity4888 therapies, immunosuppression secondary to @entity4888 , and genetic alterations in the @entity986 @entity5 suppressor protein.

title: Mycosis fungoides associated with XXXX and @entity6349 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4888 :: ('MESH:D009182', 'Disease') :: ['mycosis fungoides', 'MF', 'erythrodermic mycosis fungoides']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancers']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic nevi', 'dysplastic nevus syndrome']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['CTCL', 'cutaneous T-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'malignant melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['malignant melanoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of @entity404 (+)CD25(+) @entity403 (+) regulatory T cells (Treg) in the peripheral blood of @entity1 with childhood chronic @entity3039 ( @entity3039 ) exhibiting @entity882 and spontaneous remission. The findings of this study indicate the possibility of predicting spontaneous recovery and pathogenesis of childhood chronic @entity3039 . METHODS: Eleven @entity1 with chronic @entity3039 (seven @entity882 and four spontaneous remission cases; mean age, 8.8 years; range, 1.7-14.9 years) were enrolled in this study. Five healthy @entity1 and eight healthy adults were included as controls. The frequency of Treg was evaluated by flow cytometry in the peripheral blood. RESULTS: In this study, four @entity1 (36%) achieved spontaneous remission within 2.8 years (mean year; range, 1.0-4.4 years). The frequency of Treg was significantly lower in @entity1 with persisting @entity882 (0.13%  0.09%, P<0.05), than that in the @entity1 with spontaneous remission (0.30%  0.02%), healthy adults controls (0.55%  0.44%), and healthy @entity1 controls (0.46%  0.26%). A significantly positive correlation was found between the frequency of Treg and the platelet count in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: These data suggest that a lower frequency of Treg contributes to the breakdown of self-tolerance, and may form the basis for future development of specific immunomodulatory therapies. Furthermore, Treg frequency has prognostic implication toward the natural course and long-term outcomes of childhood chronic @entity3039 .

title: Association of @entity404 (+)CD25(+) XXXX (+) regulatory T cells with natural course of childhood chronic @entity3039 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenic', 'thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['immune thrombocytopenic purpura', 'ITP']

answer: @entity403 :: (50943,Gene) :: ['FoxP3']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows precise detection of intracranial lesions in head injured @entity1 . We compared intracranial lesions detected in MRI to somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) concerning their prognostic value. METHODS: Thirty @entity1 with @entity131 and prolonged recovery were studied. Size, side and number of 474 intra- and extraparenchymal lesions as well as lesion localisation based on a specific anatomical classification were entered into a database (a total of 7080 data). In addition, we recorded median-nerve SEP (M-SEP), tibial nerve SEP (T-SEP) and BAEP in all of the @entity1 . FINDINGS: M-SEP and Glasgow-Outcome-Score (GOS) one year after injury correlated significantly to @entity1 with lesions in the brainstem (p<0.0001) and corpus callosum (p<0.001). Similar results were found for T-SEP (p<0.0001). All @entity1 with bicortical loss of M-SEP had an unfavourable outcome (GOS 2). Among the analysis of lesion volume, only the volume of @entity75 correlated to GOS (p<0.001), but this was not found for @entity75 . However, comparing the vegetative (GOS 2) to the non-vegetative group ( @entity12861 -5), for both callosal (p<0.02) and brainstem (p<0.005) lesions a significant correlation was found. INTERPRETATION: MRI does not improve the prognostic reliability of SEP in @entity542 but offers possibilities for clarifying electrophysiological and clinical pathologies. This explains that the volume of @entity75 , essentially influencing the clinical outcome, is strongly correlated to T-SEP and M-SEP. In contrast, @entity75 did not show a clear relationship to outcome despite large @entity75 (>4 ml) which tended to poor outcome. In conclusion, we suggest that MRI and SEP are supplementary to each other concerning prognostic evaluation.

title: Evoked potentials in acute head injured XXXX with MRI-detected intracerebral lesions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brainstem lesions', 'callosal lesions']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the magnetic susceptibility properties of different anatomical structures within the knee joint using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). METHODS: A collagen tissue model was simulated and ex vivo animal cartilage experiments were conducted at 9.4 Tesla (T) to evaluate the B0 orientation-dependent magnetic susceptibility contrast observed in cartilage. Furthermore, nine volunteers (six healthy subjects without knee @entity158 history and three @entity1 with known @entity3331 , between 29 and 58 years old) were scanned using gradient-echo acquisitions on a high-field 7T MR scanner. Susceptibility values of different tissues were quantified and diseased cartilage and meniscus were compared against that of healthy volunteers. RESULTS: Simulation and ex vivo animal cartilage experiments demonstrated that collagen fibrils exhibit an anisotropic susceptibility. A gradual change of magnetic susceptibility was observed in the articular cartilage from the superficial zone to the deep zone, forming a multilayer ultrastructure consistent with anisotropy of collagen fibrils. @entity937 caused a clear reduction of susceptibility contrast between the injured meniscus and surrounding cartilage illustrated by a loss of the sharp boundaries between the two. Moreover, QSM showed more dramatic contrast in the focal @entity528 than R2* mapping. CONCLUSION: The arrangement of the collagen fibrils is significant, and likely the most dominant source of magnetic susceptibility anisotropy. Quantitative susceptibility mapping offers a means to characterize magnetic susceptibility properties of tissues in the knee joint. It is sensitive to collagen damage or degeneration and may be useful for evaluating the status of knee diseases, such as @entity937 and @entity1844 . Magn Reson Med, 2017.    2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

title: Investigating magnetic susceptibility of XXXX knee joint at 7 tesla.

entities_list: @entity1844 :: ('MESH:D002357', 'Disease') :: ['cartilage disease']

entities_list: @entity937 :: ('MESH:D012167', 'Disease') :: ['Meniscal tears', 'meniscal tears']

entities_list: @entity3331 :: ('MESH:D007718', 'Disease') :: ['knee injury']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['degenerated articular cartilage']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although under-diagnosed, @entity148 and @entity308 are among the most prevalent @entity146 in @entity1 and adolescents, leading to severe impairment, increased risk of future @entity146 problems, and a high economic burden to society. Universal prevention may be a potent way to address these widespread problems. There are several benefits to universal relative to targeted interventions because there is limited knowledge as to how to screen for @entity148 and @entity308 in the general population. Earlier meta-analyses of the prevention of @entity308 and @entity148 among @entity1 suffer from methodological inadequacies such as combining universal, selective, and indicated interventions in the same analyses, and comparing cluster-randomized trials with randomized trials without any correction for clustering effects. The present meta-analysis attempted to determine the effectiveness of universal interventions to prevent @entity148 and @entity308 after correcting for clustering effects. A systematic search of randomized studies in PsychINFO, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar resulted in 30 eligible studies meeting inclusion criteria, namely peer-reviewed, randomized or cluster-randomized trials of universal interventions for @entity148 and @entity308 in school-aged @entity1 . Sixty-three percent of the studies reported outcome data regarding @entity148 and 87  % reported outcome data regarding @entity308 . Seventy percent of the studies used randomization at the cluster level. There were small but significant effects regarding @entity148 (.13) and @entity308 (.11) symptoms as measured at immediate posttest. At follow-up, which ranged from 3 to 48  months, effects were significantly larger than zero regarding @entity308 (.07) but not @entity148 (.11) symptoms. There was no significant moderation effect of the following pre-selected variables: the primary aim of the intervention ( @entity148 or @entity308 ), deliverer of the intervention, gender distribution, @entity1 's age, and length of the intervention. Despite small effects, we argue for the possible clinical and practical significance of these programs. Future evaluations should carefully investigate the moderators and mediators of program effects to identify active program components.

title: Universal Prevention for @entity308 in XXXX : A Meta-analysis of Randomized and Cluster-Randomized Trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety symptoms', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression', 'depressive']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric disorders']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity308 is prevalent among @entity1 and associated with reduced quality of life, and therefore it is important to determine its incidence in adult @entity1 , especially in those with @entity0 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the occurrence of @entity308 in @entity1 who underwent conservative surgery for @entity0 with or without breast reconstruction. METHODS: Seventy-five @entity1 aged between 18 and 65 years were enrolled. @entity1 had undergone conservative surgery for @entity0 with immediate breast reconstruction (n = 25) or without breast reconstruction (n = 25) at least one year before the study. The control group consisted of 25 @entity1 without @entity5 , but of similar age and educational level distribution as the other two groups. The Beck @entity308 Inventory was used to measure @entity308 . The collected data were assessed using analysis of variance and the      test. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between groups in age (p = 0.72) or educational level (p = 0.20). A smaller number of @entity1 had undergone the menopause (p = 0.02) in the control group than in other groups. There were no significant differences in occurrence of @entity308 between groups (     = 9.97; p = 0.126). CONCLUS  ON: Conservative surgery for @entity0 did not affect the occurrence of @entity308 in @entity1 , regardless of whether breast reconstruction was performed.

title: XXXX and conservative surgery for @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to review our experiences treating @entity3657 ( @entity3657 ) by common femoral artery endarterectomy (CFE) with and without endovascular therapy (EVT), and to describe the role of CFE in the endovascular @entity7971 . METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed a contemporary series of 38 limbs from January 2010 to September 2014. Clinical outcomes of primary patency, assisted primary patency, limb salvage, and survival were analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariable perioperative predictors of primary patency were identified using the stepwise Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS: Hemodynamic success was achieved in 36 of the 38 limbs (95%). The mean ankle brachial pressure index improved significantly, rising from 0.56    0.04 preoperatively to 0.89    0.04 postoperatively (P = 0.0001). Overall primary and assisted primary patency rates, respectively, were 90% and 100% at 12 months and 85% and 94% at 24 months. There was no significant difference in primary patency rate between isolated CFE and hybrid CFE plus EVT. Both limb salvage and survival rates were 97% at 12 months and 97% at 24 months. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that no clinical or perioperative risk factors were predictive of decreased primary patency. CONCLUSIONS: CFE is a safe, effective, and durable procedure for common femoral @entity455 , and hybrid CFE plus EVT can be a valid alternative to open surgical bypass for multilevel occlusive @entity455 . These observations stress that CFE plays a vital role in the management of @entity3657 even in the endovascular @entity7971 .

title: The Role of Common Femoral Artery Endarterectomy in the Endovascular XXXX .

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['artery disease']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral artery disease', 'PAD']

answer: @entity7971 :: (26284,Gene) :: ['Era']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The guidelines for digital @entity1066 (DUs) management in @entity785 ( @entity785 ) indicate the use of iloprost to induce wound healing and @entity12584 to prevent the onset of new DU. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether the combination treatment may surmount the effect of the single drug. METHODS: We analyzed data regarding 34 @entity1 with @entity785 and at least one active DU persisting despite 6 months of iloprost therapy, and treated for other 6 months with a combination therapy, i.e. iloprost plus @entity12584 . RESULTS: Overall, @entity1 initially presented 69 DUs (58 on the fingers and 11 on the legs). At the end of the study 34 (49.3%) DUs were completely healed (responding, R), 18 (26.1%) started the healing process (partially responding, PR), and 17 (24.6%) did not respond (NR) to therapy. No new DU was recorded and the @entity1066 localized on the legs did not respond to the combination therapy. Finally, data have been analyzed by dividing the @entity1 in two groups according to the @entity82 level on the finger. In the group with mild @entity82 , 83.4% of DUs resulted with showing complete healing while, in the group with severe @entity82 , only 18% of DUs were healed (P = 0.024). CONCLUSION: The treatment with iloprost plus @entity12584 is effective in determining healing of DUs in @entity785 @entity1 with mild @entity82 . Conversely, the severity of skin @entity82 strongly influences the healing process of DUs. The study confirmed the efficacy of @entity12584 to prevent onset of new DUs.

title: Digital @entity1066 in scleroderma XXXX : A retrospective observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['digital skin fibrosis', 'fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis', 'SSc']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Our previous studies showed oral gavage of @entity68472 (AFG1) induced @entity2220 in NIH @entity19 . We recently found that a single intratracheal administration of AFG1 caused chronic inflammatory changes in @entity35 alveolar septum. Here, we examine whether oral gavage of AFG1 induces @entity55 and how it contributes to @entity105 . We evaluated chronic lung inflammatory responses in Balb/c @entity19 after oral gavage of AFG1 for 1, 3 and 6 months. Inflammatory responses were heightened in the lung alveolar septum, 3 and 6 months after AFG1 treatment, evidenced by increased macrophages and lymphocytes infiltration, up-regulation of NF-kB and p- @entity10433 , and cytokines production. High expression levels of @entity224 dismutase ( @entity183 ) and hemoxygenase-1 (HO-1), two established markers of oxidative stress, were detected in alveolar epithelium of AFG1-treated @entity19 . Promoted @entity133 in alveolar epithelium and angiogenesis, as well as increased @entity10178 expression were also observed in lung tissues of AFG1-treated @entity19 . Furthermore, we prolonged survival of the @entity19 in the above model for another 6 months to examine the contribution of AFG1-induced chronic @entity32 to lung tumorigenesis. Twelve months later, we observed that AFG1 induced @entity2543 and @entity420 in Balb/c @entity19 . Up-regulation of NF-kB, p- @entity10433 , and @entity10178 was also induced in @entity2220 , thus establishing a link between AFG1-induced chronic @entity32 and lung tumorigenesis. This is the first study to show that oral administration of AFG1 could induce @entity55 , which may provide a pro- @entity5 microenvironment to contribute to lung tumorigenesis.

title: Oral administration of @entity68472 induces XXXX associated with lung tumorigenesis.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lung inflammation']

entities_list: @entity68472 :: ('MESH:C027955', 'Chemical') :: ['aflatoxin G1']

entities_list: @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar type II cell (AT-II) proliferation']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2543 :: ('MESH:D017573', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar epithelial hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['lung adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['chronic alveolar inflammation']


abstract: The impacts of adverse environments during the prenatal and/or early postnatal periods may be @entity71 that occur later in life. Epidemiological studies have shown an association of sub-optimal pregnancy outcomes in one generation with similar events in the following one, a phenomenon termed the "intergenerational effect". Data indicate that the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and/or low birth weight @entity1 is more closely correlated with the mother's perinatal environment than with that during her pregnancy. However, epidemiological studies are inherently limited given the variability of lifestyles, ethnicity, nutritional status, and exposures to environmental factors. An appropriate animal model would permit control of parameters that may be impossible to evaluate in @entity1 populations. The current studies investigated the @entity19 as a possible animal model. Pregnant @entity2659 @entity19 were placed on an ad libitum or food-restricted diet (50% normal) throughout gestation to generate control (CON) and @entity1592 ( @entity1592 ) litters. At birth ( @entity227 ( @entity227 ) 1) pups (F1) were cross-fostered to control dams in litters of either 8 (CON) or 16 (postnatal food restriction (FR)). The experimental groups thus generated represented adequate nutrition (CON-CON) and undernutrition during the prenatal ( @entity1592 -CON), or postnatal periods (CON-FR), or both ( @entity1592 -FR). Pups of dams on a restricted diet during gestation had significant @entity1592 (P<0.001) as compared to controls (birth weights of 1.32 g versus 1.63 g). At weaning, the average weight of the pups was dependent on postnatal litter size and the difference in birth weights between @entity1592 and CON animals was not a significant factor. CON-CON pup weight was 24.1g and @entity1592 -CON was 22.2 g as compared to the CON-FR (17.0 g) and @entity1592 -FR (17.3 g) groups. The difference in weaning pup weights between the FR and CON groups was significant (P<0.01). The F1 FR females did not reach CON female weights at any time point through 11 months after weaning. At PD60, a single breeding period for all groups of females with CON males began and continued for 75 days with 17 opportunities for breeding. Animals that became pregnant during this time were removed and allowed to litter. No significant differences were noted in average F2 litter size or average pup weight at birth: (CON-CON 12.2/1.62 g; @entity1592 -CON 11.9/1.6 2 g; CON-FR 10.9/1.70 g; @entity1592 -FR 11.3/1.61 g). We conclude that body weight at birth in the @entity2659 @entity19 is not correlated with growth through the period of weaning (PD28). We did not find any evidence for an intergenerational reproductive effect after developmental undernutrition.

title: Lack of evidence for intergenerational reproductive effects due to prenatal and postnatal undernutrition in the female @entity2659 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['postnatal day', 'PD']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['manifested as functional deficits']

entities_list: @entity1592 :: ('MESH:D005317', 'Disease') :: ['intrauterine growth retarded', 'IUGR']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe intentional placement of intraocular lens haptics in the ciliary sulcus of @entity1 with @entity1596 who are at high risk for @entity86 . METHODS: We reviewed our experience with 16 eyes of 12 @entity1 with @entity1596 who underwent @entity231 surgery with ciliary sulcus fixation of intraocular lenses. @entity1 were followed for a median of 16.5 months (range, 9 to 44 months) after surgery. We evaluated eyes for surgical technique and the following preoperative and postoperative factors: best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, anterior chamber cells, and posterior @entity5862 . The following additional postoperative factors were sought: lens dislocation, lens edge capture, and evidence of pigment dispersion. RESULTS: @entity5862 were present in 13 eyes before surgery; postoperative posterior @entity5862 developed in only three of these eyes. These adhesions resulted in lens edge capture in one eye and limited lens decentration in another. Scant pigment was present on the lens optic or in the anterior chamber, suggesting pigment dispersion, in four eyes. We found no evidence of consistently increased anterior segment @entity32 or intraocular pressure after surgery when compared with preoperative levels for this group of @entity1 . Postoperative posterior @entity5862 were seen more often in eyes that had can-opener anterior capsulotomy than in eyes that had continuous, curvilinear capsulorhexis (P = .036). CONCLUSIONS: Ciliary sulcus fixation allows the intraocular lens to serve as a physical barrier between the iris and the lens capsule remnants. This technique may be useful for reducing the risk of postoperative posterior @entity5862 in @entity1 with @entity1596 without increasing the risk of other postoperative problems.

title: @entity231 surgery with ciliary sulcus fixation of intraocular lenses in XXXX with @entity1596 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative posterior synechiae and lens dislocation']

entities_list: @entity5862 :: ('MESH:D006175', 'Disease') :: ['synechiae', 'Posterior synechiae']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity1 with medically intractable @entity302 and diffuse unilateral hemispheric disease, functional or disconnective hemispherectomy is a widely accepted and successful treatment option. If recurrent @entity410 develop after disconnective hemispherectomy, management options become more complex and include conversion to anatomic hemispherectomy. OBJECTIVE: To present the outcomes of all @entity1 undergoing reoperative hemispherectomy in 1 institution by 1 surgeon since 1998. METHODS: The medical records, operative reports, and imaging studies for 36 @entity1 undergoing reoperative hemispherectomy for continuing medically intractable @entity302 from 1998 to 2011 at Cleveland Clinic were reviewed. @entity1 characteristics, cause of @entity410 , imaging findings, surgery-related complications, and long-term @entity410 outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS: @entity1 presented with a variety of @entity410 origins, including @entity198 , perinatal @entity1188 , @entity6795 , and @entity6788 . Overall, 19% of @entity1 were @entity410 free after conversion to anatomic hemispherectomy, and 45% reported a decrease in @entity410 frequency by >=    90%. An additional 36% reported no improvement. Generalized ictal electroencephalography tended to confer a poorer prognosis, as did @entity6795 as the underlying diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The possibility that residual epileptogenic tissue in the operated hemisphere remains connected should be considered after failed functional hemispherectomy because our data suggest that improvement in @entity410 frequency is possible after reoperative hemispherectomy, although the chance of obtaining @entity410 freedom is relatively low. The decision to proceed with reoperative hemispherectomy should be made after proper discussion with the @entity1 and family and informed consent is given.

title: Reoperative hemispherectomy for intractable @entity302 : a report of 36 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['Rasmussen encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity6795 :: ('MESH:D054220', 'Disease') :: ['cortical dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity6788 :: ('MESH:D065705', 'Disease') :: ['hemimegalencephaly']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: b-Sheet-rich @entity8095 (aS) aggregates characterize @entity191 ( @entity191 ). aS was long believed to be a natively unfolded monomer, but recent work suggests it also occurs in a-helix-rich tetramers. Crosslinking traps principally tetrameric aS in intact normal neurons, but not after cell lysis, suggesting a dynamic equilibrium. Here we show that freshly biopsied normal @entity1 brain contains abundant aS tetramers. The @entity191 -causing mutation @entity20098 decreases tetramers in @entity19 brain. Neurons derived from an @entity20098 @entity1 have decreased tetramers. Neurons expressing @entity34716 do also, and adding 1-2 @entity34716 -like mutations into the canonical aS repeat motifs (KTKEGV) further reduces tetramers, decreases aS solubility and induces @entity2359 and round inclusions. The other three fPD missense mutations likewise decrease tetramer:monomer ratios. The destabilization of physiological tetramers by @entity191 -causing missense mutations and the @entity2359 and inclusions induced by markedly decreasing tetramers suggest that decreased a-helical tetramers and increased unfolded monomers initiate pathogenesis. Tetramer-stabilizing compounds should prevent this.

title: Parkinson-causing XXXX missense mutations shift native tetramers to monomers as a mechanism for disease initiation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity34716 :: ('p|SUB|E|46|K', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['E46K']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity8095 :: (6622,Gene) :: ['a-synuclein']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the outcomes of three different types of @entity2548 ( @entity2548 ) transpositions (forearm cephalic vein transposition [FACVT], upper arm cephalic vein transposition [UACVT], and upper arm basilic vein transposition [UABVT]) for dialysis @entity1 in a single center. METHODS: A 6-year retrospective review, from 2006 to 2012, was conducted at a single institution in which the surgical outcomes for three different types of @entity2548 transposition were reviewed. Preoperative duplex vein mapping was obtained in all @entity1 to choose the best vein for access. RESULTS: There were 165 @entity1 identified with 77 FACVTs, 52 UACVTs, and 36 UABVTs. Primary access maturation rates for the FACVT, UACVT, and UABVT groups were 86%, 90%, and 97%, respectively (P  = .19). All transposed, matured primary AVFs were used after a mean of 9.9  weeks, without additional intervention. Primary 1-year patency for the FACVT, UACVT, and UABVT groups were 63%, 61%, and 70%, respectively (P  = .71). Primary assisted 1-year patency for the FACVT, UACVT, and UABVT groups were 93%, 93%, and 100%, respectively (P > .999). Mean operating room times and time to intervention were not significantly different between the groups. The postoperative @entity1410 rate was 2% and wound @entity281 rate was 2%. Multivariate analysis indicated no significant predictors of time to failure (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: With low primary failure rates, reduced need for secondary interventions before maturation, and 1-year primary assisted patency rates in excess of 93%, our study showed that the transposition technique, in our experience, is superior to previously published literature in hemodialysis access creation.

title: Outcomes for forearm and upper arm XXXX creation with the transposition technique from a single institution.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['AVF', 'arteriovenous fistula']

answer: @entity2548 :: (MESH:D001164,Disease) :: ['arteriovenous fistula']


abstract: Twenty-four @entity1 with @entity472 and 22 with @entity337 were evaluated using continuous wave Doppler echocardiography (echo). Doppler echo studies were performed 48 hours before cardiac catheterization. Fifteen normal subjects served as controls. Peak velocity in the ascending aorta in @entity472 ranged from 2.0 to 6.0 m/sec with a mean of 3.7 m/sec, and this was significantly increased over the normal controls (mean 1.1 m/sec: 0.7-1.4 m/sec). Using the simplified Bernoulli equation (P = 4 V2, P: peak pressure gradient, V: peak flow velocity), the peak pressure gradient across the aortic valve was measured from the peak velocity in @entity1 with @entity472 . The results (Y) correlated well with the peak-to-peak pressure gradient (X) between the left ventricular pressure and aortic pressure as obtained by cardiac catheterization (Y = 1.1 X +2.5, r = 0.83). @entity337 was detected by continuous wave Doppler echo in all @entity1 with @entity337 , but in only half of the @entity1 the peak velocity could be measured (3.8 +/- 0.3 m/sec, mean +/- SD). In the remaining @entity1 , it was difficult to measure the peak velocity, but it seemed to be greater than 3.0 m/sec. On the simultaneous recordings of the gradient between aortic and left ventricular pressures and continuous wave Doppler echo in @entity1 with @entity337 , the shape and pattern of the pressure gradient during diastole were similar to those of continuous wave Doppler echo. We conclude that continuous wave Doppler echo is a very sensitive method for diagnosing @entity472 and regurgitation, and it provides a quantitative assessment of the severity of @entity472 .

title: [Continuous wave Doppler echocardiographic assessment of @entity472 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic regurgitation', 'aortic regurgitation', 'aortic insufficiency']

answer: @entity337 :: (MESH:D001022,Disease) :: ['aortic regurgitation']


abstract: Objective. @entity1372 intake is associated with cardiovascular outcomes. However, no study has specifically reported an association between cardiovascular mortality and urinary @entity1372 concentration (UNa). We examined the association of UNa with mortality in a cohort of @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) @entity1 . Methods. @entity1 were followed for all-cause @entity204 and @entity65 . Baseline UNa was measured from second morning spot urinary sample. We used Cox proportional hazard models to identify independent predictors of mortality. Improvement in prediction of mortality by the addition of UNa to a model including known risk factors was assessed by the relative integrated discrimination improvement (rIDI) index. Results. @entity1 (n = 1,439) were followed for a median of 5.7 years, during which 254 cardiovascular @entity204 and 429 all-cause @entity204 were recorded. UNa independently predicted all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. An increase of one standard deviation of UNa was associated with a decrease of 21% of all-cause mortality and 22% of cardiovascular mortality. UNa improved all-cause and cardiovascular mortality prediction beyond identified risk factors (rIDI = 2.8%, P = 0.04 and rIDI = 4.6%, P = 0.02, resp.). Conclusions. In @entity2175 , UNa was an independent predictor of mortality (low concentration is associated with increased risk) and improved modestly its prediction in addition to traditional risk factors.

title: Urinary @entity1372 Concentration Is an Independent Predictor of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes', 'T2D']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1372 :: ('MESH:D012964', 'Chemical') :: ['Sodium', 'sodium']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular death']

answer: @entity2175 :: (MESH:D003924,Disease) :: ['Type 2 Diabetes Cohort Population']