abstract: @entity8605 ( @entity1265 und @entity13755 ) are different forms of @entity4786 , well defined both clinically and genetically. In absence of typical clinical features of @entity1265 (caf  -au-lait-spots, cutaneous @entity3292 , Lisch-nodules) or @entity13755 ( @entity394 ) clinical classification is often not possible. @entity3292 are more common in @entity1265 and @entity808 are typical for @entity13755 , but pathological histology does not provide sufficient evidence for diagnosis. We describe 14 @entity1 who presented with the clinical picture of multiple @entity5 . Detailed family history, exact clinical examination including an ophthalmological examination led to the diagnosis of @entity13755 in four cases. Mutation analysis confirmed the diagnosis of @entity13755 in one case by identification of a 163 base pair deletion in the @entity13755 transcript. To investigate the expression of @entity13755 and neurofibromin we stained @entity5 paraffin sections of six patients with antibodies against peptides of the @entity1265 and the @entity13755 protein. Based on preserved immunoreactivities we were able to exclude diagnosis of @entity1265 in three and @entity13755 in two cases. In four @entity1 the clinical symptoms could confirm the diagnosis of @entity28536 . Combining the results of clinical, neurogenetical and immunohistochemical examinations we could diagnose @entity1265 or @entity13755 in ten @entity1 in total. Immunoreactivity led to the suggestion of @entity13755 in two @entity1 ; the other two @entity1 whose @entity5 were not stained so far, could as yet not be classified for NF.

title: [ @entity4786 versus XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['schwannomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'spinal tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3292 :: ('MESH:D009455', 'Disease') :: ['Neurofibromas', 'neurofibromas']

entities_list: @entity8605 :: ('MESH:D016518', 'Disease') :: ['Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and 2']

entities_list: @entity28536 :: ('MESH:C536641', 'Disease') :: ['schwannomatosis']

entities_list: @entity4786 :: ('MESH:D017253', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromatosis']

entities_list: @entity394 :: ('MESH:D015837', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular schwanoma']

answer: @entity28536 :: (MESH:C536641,Disease) :: ['schwannomatosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The infectivity of @entity3964 gametocytes is typically determined by microscopically examining the midguts of mosquitoes that have taken a blood meal containing potentially infectious parasites. Such assessments are required for the development and evaluation of transmission-reducing interventions (TRI), but are limited by subjectivity, technical complexity and throughput. The detection of circumsporozoite protein (CSP) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and enhanced chemiluminescent slot-blot (ECL-SB) may be used as objective, scalable alternatives to microscopy for the determination of @entity281 prevalence. METHODS: To compare the performance of the CSP ELISA and ECL-SB for the detection of mosquito @entity281 , four groups of Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes were infected with cultured @entity3964 gametocytes. At day-8 post- @entity281 (PI), parasite status was determined by microscopy for a sample of mosquitoes from each group. At days 8 and 10 PI, the parasite status of separate mosquito samples was analysed by both CSP ELISA and ECL-SB. RESULTS: When mosquito samples were analysed 8  days PI, the ECL-SB determined similar @entity281 prevalence to microscopy; CSP ELISA lacked the sensitivity to detect CSP in all infected mosquitoes at this early time point. When mosquitoes were analysed 48  h later (10  days PI) both assays performed as well as microscopy for @entity281 detection. CONCLUSIONS: Whilst microscopical examination of mosquito guts is of great value when quantification of parasite burden is required, ECL-SB and CSP ELISA are suitable alternatives at day 10 PI when @entity281 prevalence is the desired endpoint, although CSP ELISA is not suitable at day 8 PI. These results are important to groups considering large-scale implementation of TRI.

title: A comparison of XXXX circumsporozoite protein-based slot blot and ELISA immuno-assays for oocyst detection in mosquito homogenates.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum', 'Plasmodium']

answer: @entity3964 :: (5833,Species) :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Subjects with severe hypoxemic @entity1576 have shown a high mortality in previous studies. METHODS: All adult ICU @entity1 requiring mechanical ventilation from 2005 to 2010 at Mayo Clinic were screened for severe @entity519 ( @entity651 score of >= 3). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, prone positioning, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV), and inhaled vasodilators were considered as rescue strategies. A propensity-based scoring was created for the indication or predilection to use each strategy. A model was created to evaluate the association of each rescue strategy with hospital mortality. RESULTS: Among 1,032 subjects with severe @entity519 , 239 subjects received some form of rescue strategy (59 received a combination of therapies, and 180 received individual therapies). Inhaled vasodilators were the most common, followed by HFOV. Rescue strategies were used in younger subjects with severe oxygenation deficits. Subjects receiving rescue strategies had higher mortality and longer ICU stays. None of the strategies individually or in combination showed a significant association with hospital mortality after adjusting covariates by propensity scoring. Adjusted Odds ratios and respective 95% CI were as follows: HFOV 0.67 (0.35-1.27), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 0.63 (0.18-1.92), prone position 1.07 (0.49-2.28), and inhaled vasodilators 1.17 (0.78-1.77). CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective comparative effectiveness study, there was no association of rescue strategies with hospital mortality in subjects with severe @entity519 .

title: A Comparative Effectiveness Study of Rescue Strategies in 1,000 Subjects With Severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['Murray lung injury']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure']


abstract: Resistance to @entity2353 analogue inhibitors of the reverse transcriptase of the @entity2858 often involves phosphorolytic excision of the incorporated chain terminator. Previous crystallographic and modeling studies suggested that this reaction could only occur when the enzyme resides in a pre-translocational stage. Here we studied mechanisms of polymerase translocation using novel site-specific footprinting techniques. Classical footprinting approaches, based on the detection of protected nucleic acid residues, are not sensitive enough to visualize subtle structural differences at single @entity377 resolution. Thus, we developed chemical footprinting techniques that give rise to hyperreactive cleavage on the template strand mediated through specific contacts with the enzyme. Two specific cuts served as markers that defined the position of the polymerase and RNase H domain, respectively. We show that the presence of the next correct @entity42636 , following the incorporated chain terminator, caused a shift in the position of the two cuts a single @entity377 further downstream. The footprints point to monotonic sliding motions and provide compelling evidence for the existence of an equilibrium between pre- and post-translocational stages. Our data show that enzyme translocation is reversible and uncoupled from @entity377 incorporation and the release of @entity9955 . This translocational equilibrium ensures access to the pre-translocational stage after incorporation of the chain terminator. The efficiency of excision correlates with an increase in the population of complexes that exist in the pre-translocational stage, and we show that the latter configuration is preferred with an enzyme that contains mutations associated with resistance to @entity2353 analogue inhibitors.

title: Site-specific footprinting reveals differences in the translocation status of XXXX reverse transcriptase. Implications for polymerase translocation and drug resistance.

entities_list: @entity2353 :: ('CHEBI:33838', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleoside']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity9955 :: ('MESH:C107241', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrophosphate']

answer: @entity2858 :: (11676,Species) :: ['HIV-1']


abstract: We investigated the mechanism of @entity5714 detected in a repeated-dose @entity137 study using @entity5434 that were treated with a humanized antibody drug. This drug was an IgG1 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) that binds to the @entity1 @entity17406 .24 antigen named anti- @entity17406 .24 MoAb. The presence of the @entity17406 .24 antigen on the erythrocyte membranes and the erythrocyte agglutination following the addition of anti- @entity17406 .24 MoAb was examined. In addition, an indirect Coombs' test, a hemolysis assay and the measurement of anti-single stranded-DNA antibodies were performed using test animal serum or plasma. The specific binding of @entity2823 - and 125I-labeled anti- @entity17406 .24 MoAb to the erythrocyte membrane was not observed. @entity17406 .24 antigen was not identified on the erythrocyte membranes. However, a high concentration (more than 713 microg/mL) of anti- @entity17406 .24 MoAb hemagglutinated the erythrocyte suspensions. The cause of this agglutination was unclear, but it is assumed that the non-specific binding and/or adhesion caused the direct agglutination. In the examination using test serum from the anemic monkeys, a positive reaction in the indirect Coombs' test was noted. Moreover, in these Coombs' test-positive animals, the production of anti-single stranded-DNA antibodies was sequentially increased. In the female monkey sacrificed in extremis due to severe @entity417 , an in vitro hemolytic reaction was detected attributable to complement activation. From these results, the @entity5714 detected in the repeated-dose @entity137 study was diagnosed as a drug-induced @entity5506 ( @entity5506 ) and the primary cause was assumed to be production of IgG class anti-erythrocyte autoantibodies.

title: Investigation of the mechanism of drug-induced @entity5506 in XXXX elicited by a repeated-dose of a humanized monoclonal antibody drug.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5434 :: ('9541', 'Species') :: ['cynomolgus monkeys']

entities_list: @entity5506 :: ('MESH:D000744', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune hemolytic anemia', 'AIHA']

entities_list: @entity5714 :: ('MESH:D000743', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic anemia']

answer: @entity5434 :: (9541,Species) :: ['cynomolgus monkeys']


abstract: The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of social stress on the @entity3318 ( @entity3318 ) and @entity5463 ( @entity1831 )-induced pituitary-adrenocortical activity. Also the significance of @entity2918 (PG) generated by constitutive and inducible cyclooxygenase ( @entity9774 and @entity4665 ) in the stimulation of @entity2339 by AVP under basal and crowding stress conditions was investigated. The control @entity35 were housed 7 in a standard cage and stressed @entity35 were crowded 24 in a cage of the same size during 7 days. The activity of @entity2339 was determined by measuring plasma ACTH and serum @entity2819 levels 1 h after i.p. AVP administration. @entity3352 (2.0 mg/kg i.p.), a non-selective COX inhibitor, @entity5230 (0.2, 2.0, and 5.0 mg/kg), a more potent @entity9774 than @entity4665 inhibitor, and compound @entity8228 (0.2 and 2.0 mg/kg) a selective @entity4665 inhibitor, were administered i.p. 15 min prior to AVP (5.0 microg/kg i.p.) to control or crowded @entity35 . The obtained results indicate that social stress for 7 days considerably inhibits the stimulatory action of AVP on ACTH secretion, while it intensifies the @entity3318 -induced ACTH secretion. @entity3352 , @entity5230 and @entity8228 significantly diminished the AVP-elicited ACTH and @entity2819 secretion in non-stressed @entity35 . None of these COX antagonist induced any significant inhibition of the AVP-induced ACTH and @entity2819 secretion in stressed @entity35 . Therefore, PG generated by @entity9774 or @entity4665 do not participate to a significant extent in the HPA stimulation by AVP during crowding stress. These results suggest that social crowding stress desensitizes the PG stimulatory mechanism which considerably mediates the AVP-induced HPA stimulation under basal conditions. The results contrast with a lack of any involvement of PG in the @entity3318 -induced stimulation of HPA response under basal or crowding stress conditions.

title: Effect of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on the vasopressin induced ACTH and XXXX response during crowding stress.

entities_list: @entity5230 :: ('MESH:D010894', 'Chemical') :: ['piroxicam']

entities_list: @entity5463 :: ('MESH:D001127', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine vasopressin']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['HPA axis', 'hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis']

entities_list: @entity3318 :: ('81648(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['CRH', 'corticotropin releasing hormone']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['Indomethacin']

answer: @entity2819 :: (MESH:D003345,Chemical) :: ['corticosterone']


abstract: Malnutrition in elderly @entity1 contributes to @entity170 and @entity174 . The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of nutritional improvement on bone metabolism in elderly community-dwelling @entity1 . A 12-month randomized controlled trial of 71 ambulant @entity1 aged > or =70 years with BMI < or =21 kg/m(2 )and @entity170 at the hip was undertaken. They received either calcium (1 g) and vitamin D (800 units of cholecalciferol) only (group 1: n=35) or calcium/vitamin D and one or two cartons of a nutritional supplement drink which provided 300 Kcal, 12 g protein, 11.6 g fat and 36.8 g carbohydrate per carton (group 2: n=36). Body composition and @entity79 ( @entity79 ) were assessed at baseline and 12 months. Biochemical markers of bone turnover were measured at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Group 2 gained significantly more weight [mean (SD) group 1: 0.15 (2.45), group 2:2.66 (2.8) kg P<0.001] and fat mass [group 1: -0.26 (1.8), group 2:1.9 (1.7) kg P<0.001]. @entity79 at the spine, femoral neck and total hip did not change significantly, although there was a positive trend at the total hip in group 2 [group 1: -0.5 (5.2), group 2:1.25 (3.3)%, P=0.13]. In a subgroup analysis, irrespective of their treatment group, there was a significant difference in changes in @entity79 at the lumbar spine and total hip in those who lost body weight (A) compared to those who had maintained or increased their weight (B), [mean (SD) % change in @entity79 lumbar spine; A: -1.64 (3.75), B: 0.96 (2.75) P=0.013, total hip A: -2.09 (6.0), B: 1.04 (3.3), P=0.05)] A significant reduction in serum @entity17283 , a marker of bone resorption, was seen in group 2 [% decrease at 3 months, group 1: 1 (8.7), Group 2: 32 (5.8), P<0.01]. Serum @entity2159 ( @entity2159 ) increased significantly in group 2 with a maximal increase (27%) observed at 6 ( P<0.01) and 9 months ( P<0.05). A small increase in bone-specific alkaline phosphatase was seen at 12 months in group 2 [% increase group 1:5 (5), group 2: 17 (6), P=0.05]. Serum osteocalcin increased at 12 months in group 2 ( P=0.01). Dietary improvement in elderly @entity1 with low BMI is associated with a reduction in bone resorption with a small but "net" positive effect on bone formation.

title: Effects of dietary improvement on bone metabolism in elderly underweight @entity1 with XXXX : a randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'people']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity2159 :: ('4982', 'Gene') :: ['osteoprotegerin', 'OPG']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['osteoporosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate software accuracy and influence of body mass index on image quality of Lunar iDXA (Lunar, Madison, WI, USA; software enCORE 12.0) in @entity174 (VFs) assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 65 normal or overweight @entity1 (group 1) and 64 @entity28 @entity1 (group 2) with indication for morphometric evaluation of the spine. @entity1 underwent iDXA, with scans performed in the standard manner by an expert technologist. Lateral images of the spine were subsequently evaluated by a musculoskeletal radiologist as the gold standard. Our analysis considered five points: vertebral bodies missed or not assessable or wrongly labeled on T4-L4 segment, diagnostic performance of the automatic morphometric point-positioning system in the detection of VFs, upgrading and downgrading of @entity174 , radiologist intervention rate, and BMI influence. RESULTS: In group 1, 57/845 (6.7%) vertebral bodies and 34/832 (4.1%) in group 2 were not assessable-the upper thoracic spine. enCORE failed to recognize vertebral levels in 5.4% of the @entity1 (7.7% in group 1 vs. 3.1% in group 2). On a lesion-based analysis sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the software were 81.4, 93.8, and 93.1% in group 1 and 69.1, 88.3, and 86.7% in group 2, respectively. For 52.7% of the vertebrae in group 1 (51/8 upgraded/downgraded) and 70.0% in group 2 (96/26 upgraded/downgraded), a point correction was necessary and this changed the diagnosis respectively in 29.2 and 50.0% of the @entity1 . Differences in diagnostic performance and point correction rate were significantly different between the two groups; however, BMI did not significantly affect vertebral level labeling and was correlated with a better visualization of the whole T4-L4 spine segment. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides new and interesting information about the accuracy, reliability, and imaging quality provided by iDXA in the assessment of VFs.

title: New dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry equipment in the assessment of vertebral XXXX : technical limits and software accuracy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'vertebral fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe changes in drug treatment and clinical outcomes of @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ) during the past decade. METHODS: The national database of the @entity625 centres collects clinical and @entity1 -derived data from unselected outpatients with inflammatory @entity627 . Cross-sectional data from 2000 to 2012 of around 1000 @entity1 with @entity1691 per year were compared with regard to clinical presentation and quality of life indicators. RESULTS: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been the predominant treatment choice in @entity1691 over the years with a prescription rate of 67% of @entity1 in 2012. Currently, almost half of the @entity1 with @entity1691 in German rheumatology centres are treated with @entity5 necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi). Often, both treatments are used in combination (33%), followed by combinations of NSAIDs and synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (sDMARDs) with 23% or TNFi alone (21%). In 2012, 10% of @entity1 each received NSAID or sDMARD monotherapy. @entity1499 , @entity3378 , glucocorticoids and analgaesics alone or in combination with other treatments were given to 10% of @entity1 , respectively. Over the years, we have seen remarkable improvements in disease control and @entity1 reported outcomes. These developments are consistent with enhanced functional status, increasing employment rates and decreasing sick leave, hospitalisation and @entity717 . CONCLUSIONS: In the German rheumatology secondary/tertiary care setting, routine care of @entity1 with @entity1691 has changed tremendously during the past decade. Increasingly, more efficacious treatment options are reflected in improved clinical outcomes, quality of life and participation in the labour force.

title: Trends in treatment and outcomes of XXXX in outpatient rheumatological care in Germany between 2000 and 2012.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['German collaborative arthritis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['work disability']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['Methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity3378 :: ('MESH:D012460', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfasalazine']

answer: @entity1691 :: (MESH:D013167,Disease) :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 129 Background: @entity1205 / @entity229 (DP) plus bevacizumab (B) demonstrated a superior progression-free survival (PFS) but did not prolong @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in comparison to DP monotherapy in CALGB 90401, a study of 1,050 @entity1 with metastatic @entity263 ( @entity263 ) who had not received prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease. @entity286 use increases VEGF levels, suggesting the benefit of bevacizumab may be greater in @entity1 who use @entity286 . METHODS: The association of @entity286 usage and @entity1349 was evaluated. @entity1 -reported history of @entity286 usage was prospectively collected for @entity1 on CALGB 90401. Within each smoking status group, the log-rank test was used to compare the survival time between the two treatment arms. The proportional hazards model was used to test for smoking by treatment interaction predicting @entity1349 . RESULTS: Of 865 @entity1 with available smoking history, 21%, 30% and 49% were current, former, and never smokers. As summarized in the table below, there was a non-statistically significant improvement in @entity1349 for current smokers treated on the DP+B arm compared to the DP arm. However, treatment-by-smoking interaction was not statistically significant in predicting @entity1349 (p=0.299). CONCLUSIONS: There was a trend toward an improvement in @entity1349 for current smokers treated with DP+B. The accuracy of @entity1 -reported smoking status will be confirmed with serum @entity4874 levels in a pilot study. The effect of @entity286 use on cancer outcomes with VEGF targeted therapy will be evaluated in other @entity5 .

title: Evaluating the effect of XXXX on @entity263 outcomes with VEGF-targeted therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity286 :: ('4097', 'Species') :: ['tobacco', 'Tobacco']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['castration-resistant prostate cancer', 'CRPC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity4874 :: ('MESH:D003367', 'Chemical') :: ['cotinine']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['Docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['tobacco']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify the characteristics of @entity1 with "persistent @entity3124 " (PerCI), as perceived by Australian and New Zealand intensive care unit clinicians. @entity1 with PerCI were defined as those whose reason for being in the ICU was now more related to their ongoing @entity3124 than their original reason for admission to the ICU. DESIGN AND @entity1 : Using a web-based survey, we recruited clinicians affiliated with the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Clinical Trials Group (CTG) who cared for adults. Clinicians included doctors, nurses, physiotherapists, dietitians, research managers and others. We used the ANZICS-CTG mailing list to email a single request for anonymous participation. RESULTS: A total of 101 eligible clinicians responded to our survey. PerCI was believed to develop after a median of 10 days (IQR, 7-14 days), and to be somewhat uncommon (occurring in 10% of all ICU @entity1 [IQR, 5%-15%], and in 50% of all @entity1 with a prolonged ICU length of stay [IQR, 20%-60%]). Ninety per cent of respondents thought that @entity1 with PerCI required ongoing invasive mechanical ventilation, and the most common problems were thought to be @entity1576 (68%), @entity933 (59%) and acquired @entity4094 (54%). Ten per cent of @entity1 with PerCI were expected to be alive and well and at home 6 months after ICU discharge, with another 15% alive and at home but requiring significant help. The remainder were expected to die within 6 months or to need institutional care. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with PerCI appear to be an identifiable group of ICU @entity1 , with definable characteristics, substantial stress associated with their care, and poor perceived long-term outcomes.

title: Persistent XXXX characterised by Australian and New Zealand ICU clinicians.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['neuromuscular disease']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critical illness']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium']

answer: @entity3124 :: (MESH:D016638,Disease) :: ['critical illness']


abstract: AIMS: @entity3396 is a ubiquitously expressed @entity460 -activated intracellular @entity462 protease. Altered expression of @entity262 has been implicated in @entity5 progression and response to chemotherapy. METHODS AND RESULTS: The aim of the current study was to confirm previous data that suggested that @entity3396 expression is associated with relapse-free survival in trastuzumab treated @entity0 @entity1 (n=93). An expanded @entity1 cohort from Nottingham was used (n=194; including 72 of the previous cohort), and an independent @entity1 cohort from Newcastle (n=87). All @entity1 received trastuzumab following adjuvant therapy according to local guidelines with expression of @entity3396 investigated using standard immunohistochemistry. Results show that @entity3396 expression is associated with relapse-free survival in both the Nottingham (P=0.01) and Newcastle (P=0.019) cohorts, with high expression associated with adverse relapse-free survival. Expression was also associated with poor relapse-free survival when @entity1 cohorts were combined (n=281, P=0.01). @entity3396 remained, from multivariate analysis, an independent marker for relapse-free survival in the Newcastle cohort (hazard ratio (HR) =5.169; 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.468-18.200; P=0.011). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3396 expression is associated with poor relapse-free @entity0 @entity1 treated with trastuzumab. Further work is warranted to standardise and develop methodology with a view to potentially introducing assessment of this important biomarker into clinical practice. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: @entity3396 is associated with adverse relapse free XXXX : a confirmatory study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['survival in breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['calpain system proteins']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['survival in breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has become a concept commonly used in the related research. Using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire for Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF), this study evaluated the Quality of Life (QOL) of @entity1 living with @entity645 / @entity791 (PLWHA) in Zhejiang province, China, and assessed the influences of demographic, laboratory and disease-related variables on QOL. This cross-sectional study was conducted among PLWHA aged >=  18 years in Taizhou municipality, Zhejiang province, China, between August 1 and October 31, 2014. A multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the influential factors. Of 403 subjects, 72.48% were male, 72.46% had received a high- school or above education, 94.79% were of Han ethnicity, and 65.51% were non farmers. The total score of QOL was 15.99  1.99. The scores of QOL in physiological, psychological, social relation, and environmental domains were 14.99   2.25, 14.25   2.12, 13.22   2.37, and 13.31   1.99 respectively. Except the total score of QOL and the score of environmental domain (p<0.05), the scores in other domains had no significant difference with the results of the national norm level. The multiple linear regression model identified the physical domain related factors to be age (b = -0.045), @entity404 count (b = 0.002), and ART adherence(b = 1.231). And it also showed that psychological domain related factors included @entity404 count (b = 0.002) and WHO clinical stage (b = -0.437); social domain related factors included WHO clinical stage (b = -0.704) and ART adherence (b = 1.177); while environmental domain related factors included WHO clinical stage (b = -0.538), educational status(b = 0.549) and ART adherence(b = 1.078).Those who are young, with higher level of education, higher @entity404 count and good access and adherence of ART, are likely to have better QOL among PLWHA in Zhejiang province. This suggests that in addition to ART, many other factors should be taken into consideration to improve the QOL of PLWHA. The relatively lower scores the subjects received in social relation and environmental domains also suggest that social relation and environmental interventions need to be strengthened.

title: Quality of Life of @entity1 Living with @entity645 / XXXX : A Cross-Sectional Study in Zhejiang Province, China.

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']


abstract: AIM: To examine blood flow in renal and intrarenal arteries and its changes in the acute pharmacological test with @entity3371 in @entity1 with chronic @entity631 (CGN). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Renal circulation was studied in 50 @entity1 with CGN using ultrasound dopplerography (USDG) of renal vessels on the unit GE Logiq 400 CL PRO Series. The velocity and indices of peripheral blood resistance in the major renal artery (RA) and in intrarenal arteries were estimated. In 26 @entity1 the blood flow was studied again after intake of 50 mg @entity3371 . RESULTS: Poor renal blood flow was registered in cortical parenchyma in 36% CGN @entity1 (with @entity177 in 75%). Multifactorial regression analysis has demonstrated that only blood @entity1011 was independently related with slowing down of the blood flow at the level of RA and intrarenal arteries. Morphological index of activity correlated with resistance indices while a high sclerosis index correlated with @entity450 . Older @entity1 had higher resistance indices. @entity3371 significantly accelerated blood flow and insignificantly changed indices of peripheral resistance including those in @entity6192 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Poor blood flow in the cortical layer of @entity8 in CGN, according to USDG, occurs rather frequently and was associated with @entity6192 and older age of the @entity1 . Blocking of renin-angiotensin system at the level of @entity2178 formation improves renal blood flow in most of the @entity1 .

title: [Role of ultrasound dopplerography with acute @entity3371 test in assessment of renal hemodynamics in chronic XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal parenchyma']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['Captopril', 'captopril']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['blood flow slowing']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity631 :: (MESH:D005921,Disease) :: ['glomerulonephritis']


abstract: The mechanisms of progression from @entity1560 to @entity1560 and @entity82 are not well elucidated. Hepatocellular apoptosis could be one of the key factors in the pathogenesis of @entity7936 ( @entity7936 ). @entity99 ( @entity99 ) protects liver cells from various toxins. We previously reported that @entity99 is critically important for the survival of hepatocytes due to its mitochondrial association. This study aims to investigate the relationship between @entity99 and hepatocellular apoptosis in vivo models of high-fat diet-induced @entity7936 and in vitro models of @entity7609 -induced @entity130 . @entity35 were fed a high-fat diet for 8, 12 and 16  weeks. Hepatic histological lesions, liver function and apoptosis were examined. @entity99 expression, in association with @entity4124 and cytochrome c leakage, which are both indicators of cell apoptosis, was measured. Results showed that a high-fat diet altered liver function and histology in a manner resembling @entity7936 . Hepatic protein and mRNA @entity99 expression was decreased as @entity7936 progressed. Meanwhile, cell apoptosis increased as result of @entity4124 activation and cytochrome c release, indicating that @entity99 might be involved in @entity7936 pathogenesis. Furthermore, in @entity7609 -induced @entity99 , over-expression of @entity99 decreased cells apoptosis. In contrast, repression of @entity99 expression by siRNA increased cell apoptosis. In conclusion, these data imply that cell apoptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of @entity7936 , during which @entity99 expression is downregulated. Increasing @entity99 expression in hepatocytes may forestall cell apoptosis as result of @entity844 insult.

title: Increased hepatic apoptosis in high-fat diet-induced XXXX in @entity35 may be associated with downregulation of hepatic stimulator substance.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['fatty liver', 'steatohepatitis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocyte injury']

entities_list: @entity7936 :: ('MESH:D005235', 'Disease') :: ['NASH', 'non-alcoholic steatohepatitis']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatic stimulator substance', 'hepatic cell damage', 'HSS']

entities_list: @entity7609 :: ('MESH:D019308', 'Chemical') :: ['palmitic acid']

answer: @entity7936 :: (MESH:D005235,Disease) :: ['NASH']


abstract: In @entity409 , the risk of complication rises with increasing size, and treatment can be obligatory. Here we present a case of a 46-year-old female who suffered from a @entity2967 causing @entity101 and vena cava compression, leading to therapy refractory ascites, @entity2753 and venostasis-associated @entity715 with @entity1151 . The @entity1 did not experience @entity5 rupture or @entity1003 . Surgical resection was impossible because of @entity1560 of the non-affected liver. Orthotopic liver transplantation was identified as the only treatment option. The @entity1 's renal function remained stable even though progressive morbidity and organ allocation were improbable according to the @entity1 's lab model for @entity3851 (labMELD) score. Therefore, non-standard exception status was approved by the European organ allocation network "Eurotransplant". The @entity1 underwent successful orthotopic liver transplantation 16 mo after admission to our centre. Our case report indicates the underrepresentation of morbidity associated with refractory ascites in the labMELD-based transplant allocation system, and it indicates the necessity of promptly applying for non-standard exception status to enable transplantation in @entity1 with a severe clinical condition but low labMELD score. Our case highlights the fact that liver transplantation should be considered early in @entity1 with non-resectable, symptomatic @entity5 .

title: Orthotopic liver transplantation for XXXX : A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['severe portal hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['steatosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'benign liver tumours']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver haemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['consumptive coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity2967 :: ('MESH:D005870', 'Disease') :: ['giant haemangioma']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage liver disease']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['giant liver haemangioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The pre- and peri-natal drug exposures reported by @entity1 participating in a case-control study of @entity1 in Colorado were examined for association with @entity1 @entity91 . METHODS: Mothers of case and control @entity1 underwent a standardized telephone interview and obstetric and newborn medical record review. The interview included questions on the use of prescription and non-prescription drugs, nutritional supplements, recreational and drugs of abuse. The mother's obstetric record was abstracted for information about pharmacologic agents taken before and during the antepartum period. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant risk ratios associating @entity91 with prenatal exposure to @entity22225 , @entity1092 , or @entity2072 . Mothers of four case @entity1 and one control @entity1 reported specific exposure to @entity1968 . There were no statistically significant increases in the odds ratio (OR) for any suture type among @entity1 exposed to hypoxigenic agents, sympathomimetic or parasympatholytic agents, or metal-containing agents. The OR was 1.87 (lower bound of the two-sided 95% test-based confidence interval (CI): 1.08) among @entity1 with sagittal/lambdoid suture synostosis who were exposed to nitrosatable drugs @entity17567 , @entity8685 , and @entity6616 compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS: Certain nitrosatable drugs may be associated with increased risk of @entity1 @entity91 . A possible mechanism related to ischaemia/reperfusion injury is suggested.

title: Maternal exposure to prescription and non-prescription pharmaceuticals or drugs of abuse and risk of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'child', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity6616 :: ('MESH:D009582', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrofurantoin']

entities_list: @entity22225 :: ('CHEBI:27612', 'Chemical') :: ['hydantoin']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproic acid']

entities_list: @entity8685 :: ('MESH:D002707', 'Chemical') :: ['chlordiazepoxide']

entities_list: @entity91 :: ('MESH:D003398', 'Disease') :: ['sagittal/lambdoid craniosynostosis', 'craniosynostosis']

entities_list: @entity17567 :: ('MESH:D002744', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorpheniramine']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoic acid']

answer: @entity91 :: (MESH:D003398,Disease) :: ['craniosynostosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity5 microenvironment is critical to @entity5 growth and therapy resistance. We previously characterized @entity1 ovarian @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). @entity1358 are multi-potent cells that can differentiate into @entity5 microenvironment components including fibroblasts, myofibroblasts and adipocytes. We previously reported @entity1358 , compared to normal MSCs, express high levels of @entity6861 proteins and promote @entity5 growth by increasing numbers of @entity5 stem-like cells (CSCs). We demonstrate here that @entity43 cell-secreted Hedgehog (HH) induces CA-MSC @entity13062 expression. CA-MSC-derived @entity13062 reciprocally increases @entity43 cell HH expression indicating a positive feedback loop. Interruption of this loop with a HH pathway inhibitor or @entity13062 blocking antibody decreases CA-MSC-derived @entity13062 and @entity5 -derived HH preventing enrichment of CSCs and reversing chemotherapy resistance. The impact of HH inhibition was only seen in CA-MSC-containing @entity5 , indicating the importance of a humanized stroma. These results are reciprocal to findings in pancreatic and @entity150 , suggesting HH signaling effects are @entity5 tissue specific warranting careful investigation in each @entity5 type. Collectively, we define a critical positive feedback loop between CA-MSC-derived @entity13062 and @entity43 cell-secreted HH and present evidence for the further investigation of HH as a clinical target in @entity43 .

title: @entity1 @entity1358 promote XXXX chemotherapy resistance via a @entity13062 /HH signaling loop.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian tumor', 'ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['CA-MSCs', 'carcinoma-associated mesenchymal stem cells']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transcutaneous @entity338 (TPVR) has become an alternative to heart surgery for @entity1 after previous right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) or pulmonary artery (PA) surgical interventions. The objective was to present immediate and long-term outcomes of transcutaneous @entity338 . METHODS: Between 06/2009 and 06/2016, 46 @entity1 underwent TPVR. Initial diagnoses included @entity215 , common arterial trunk, transposition of great arteries post Rastelli correction, left ventricle outflow obstruction after Ross operation, @entity1146 , and isolated @entity849 . Thirty eight @entity1 (78%) had previously implanted conduits in the pulmonary position, the rest had either RVOT patch reconstruction (n = 6; 13%) or biological valve implantation (n = 2; 4%). They presented primarily with @entity849 (n = 18; 39%) or regurgitation (n = 28; 60%). RESULTS: All procedures were successful - 44 Melody and 2 Edwards-Sapien valves were implanted. Before each procedure exclusion of potential coronary compression and RVOT prestenting was performed. Significant RVOT systolic gradient reduction (from 35.3    19.5 to 13.5    7.1 mm Hg; p < 0.001) and decrease of right to left ventricle systolic pressure ratio from 0.58    0.18 to mean 0.37    0.1 (p < 0.001) was achieved. Also, in every @entity1 PA-RVOT competence was restored, with minor @entity337 in only a few @entity1 . Post procedure follow-up ranged from 2 to 86 (mean 35.2) months. Follow-up fluoroscopy or chest X- @entity16039 revealed 6 stent @entity174 (2 stent defragmentation - with only one significant @entity849 ). CONCLUSIONS: TPVR is a safe procedure with encouraging results, it also enables deferring surgical reintervention in the majority of @entity1 .

title: Immediate and long-term outcomes of percutaneous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary valve replacement']

entities_list: @entity849 :: ('MESH:D011666', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary stenosis', 'dysplastic pulmonary valve stenosis', 'valve stenosis']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['incompetence']

entities_list: @entity1146 :: ('MESH:D018633', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary atresia']

answer: @entity338 :: (MESH:D011665,Disease) :: ['transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation']


abstract: Regulatory sequences in higher genomes can map large distances from gene coding regions, and cannot yet be identified by simple inspection of primary DNA sequence information. Here we describe an efficient method of surveying large genomic regions for gene regulatory information, and subdividing complex sets of distant regulatory elements into smaller intervals for detailed study. The @entity19 @entity15138 gene is expressed in a number of distinct embryonic locations that are involved in the patterning of skeletal and soft tissues. To identify sequences responsible for @entity15138 regulation, we first isolated a series of overlapping bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) that extend varying distances upstream and downstream of the gene. A LacZ reporter cassette was integrated into the @entity15138 transcription unit of each BAC using homologous recombination in bacteria. Each modified BAC was injected into fertilized @entity19 eggs, and founder transgenic embryos were analyzed for LacZ expression mid-gestation. The overlapping segments defined by the BAC clones revealed five separate regulatory regions that drive LacZ expression in 11 distinct anatomical locations. To further localize sequences that control expression in developing @entity1141 , we created a series of BAC constructs with precise deletions across a putative joint-control region. This approach further narrowed the critical control region to an area containing several stretches of sequence that are highly conserved between @entity19 and @entity1 . A distant 2.9-kilobase fragment containing the highly conserved regions is able to direct very specific expression of a minimal promoter/LacZ reporter in proximal limb joints. These results demonstrate that even distant, complex regulatory sequences can be identified using a combination of BAC scanning, BAC deletion, and comparative sequencing approaches.

title: A general approach for identifying distant regulatory elements applied to the XXXX gene.

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['skeletal joints']

answer: @entity15138 :: (242316(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Gdf6']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) are a new source of adult multipotent stem cells with the ability of differentiation into many cell lineages. Many stem cell sources are desirable for differentiation into Schwann cells. Schwann-like cells derived from hEnSCs may be one of the ideal alternative cell sources for Schwann cell generation. In this study, for differentiation of hEnSCs into Schwann cells, hEnSCs were induced with @entity309 /FSK/PDGF-AA/HRG as an induction medium for 14  days. The cells were cultured in a @entity3145 ( @entity3145 ) and fibrin gel matrix. The viability of cultured cells in the fibrin gel and @entity3145 was analyzed with @entity40724 ( @entity98 ) assay for 7  days. The attachment of cells was analyzed with SEM and @entity14939 staining. The expression of S100 and P75 as Schwann cell markers was evaluated by immunocytochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR). The evaluation of the @entity98 assay and gene expression showed that the survival rate and differentiation of hEnSCs into Schwann cells in the fibrin gel were better than those in the @entity3145 group. These results suggest that @entity1 EnSCs can be differentiated into Schwann cells in the fibrin gel better than in the @entity3145 , and the fibrin gel might provide a suitable three-dimensional (3D) scaffold for clinical applications for cell therapy of the nervous system.

title: Differentiation of XXXX Endometrial Stem Cells into Schwann Cells in Fibrin Hydrogel as 3D Culture.

entities_list: @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['TCP', 'tissue culture plate']

entities_list: @entity40724 :: ('MESH:C000598529', 'Chemical') :: ['3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thia-zolyl]-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The main first-line treatment strategy for @entity726 is to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) by @entity551 medications, but many @entity1 require multiple medications for adequate IOP control. Fixed-combination therapies provide several benefits, including simplified treatment regimens, theoretical improved treatment adherence, elimination of the potential for washout of the first drug by the second, and the reduction in ocular exposure to preservatives. b-Adrenoceptor antagonists (particularly 0.5% @entity6839 ) are the most commonly used agents in combination with other classes of drugs as fixed-combination eyedrops, but they are contraindicated in many @entity1 , owing to local @entity566 or systemic side effects. A fixed-combination preparation without a b-blocker is therefore warranted. This paper reviews the clinical effectiveness of @entity15572 1% and @entity16495 0.2% fixed combination (BBFC) for use in @entity1 with primary @entity1538 and @entity2790 . We searched PubMed and the ClinicalTrials.gov registry, and identified three randomized controlled trials comparing BBFC vs its constituents ( @entity16495 vs @entity15572 ), and one comparing BBFC with unfixed @entity16495 and @entity15572 . All of the studies demonstrated mean diurnal IOP to be statistically significantly lower in the BBFC group compared with constituent groups and noninferior to that with the concomitant group using two separate bottles. The safety profile of BBFC was consistent with that of its individual components, the most common ocular adverse events being @entity2194 , @entity227 , and @entity56 . Common systemic adverse effects included @entity2342 , oral dryness, @entity1295 , somnolence, and decreased alertness. BBFC seems to be a promising new fixed combination for use in @entity726 @entity1 . However, long-term effects of BBFC on IOP, treatment adherence, and safety need to be determined.

title: Clinical effectiveness of XXXX 1%- @entity16495 0.2% fixed combination for primary @entity1538 and @entity2790 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity15572 :: ('MESH:C111827', 'Chemical') :: ['brinzolamide']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual disturbances']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open-angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity16495 :: ('MESH:C015620', 'Chemical') :: ['brimonidine']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['ocular hypertension']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['ocular allergic reactions']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['topical ocular hypotensive']

entities_list: @entity2342 :: ('MESH:D004408', 'Disease') :: ['altered taste sensation']

answer: @entity15572 :: (MESH:C111827,Chemical) :: ['brinzolamide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Myocardial involvement occurs in about 20% of @entity1 with @entity2406 . The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of conduction disturbances, their association with other manifestations of the disease. OBJECTIVE: Determine the prevalence of @entity299 in @entity1 with @entity2406 attended in an institute in Mexico City and their relation with other manifestations of the disease. METHODS: One hundred thirteen @entity1 admitted to the Institute with a diagnosis of @entity2406 were divided into those with conduction disturbances (n = 23) and those without (n = 90). Over a mean follow-up of 10.2 +/- 7.8 years, clinical course, treatment, duration of the disease, types of conduction disturbances and systemic alterations were examined. RESULTS: There was an overwhelming predominance of @entity1 in both groups. Conduction disturbances occurred in about 20% of the @entity1 with @entity2406 and that was not possible to find significant differences in the outcome of them. As could be expected a significant difference between the two groups was QRS axis, related to anterior hemiblock, the most common conduction alteration observed. During the follow-up one @entity1 death in-group A, but none in group B. CONCLUSION: Conduction disturbances were present in 20%; in agree with other authors in the literature. However, did not participate in the outcome of the disease.

title: @entity299 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac conduction disturbances']

entities_list: @entity2406 :: ('MESH:D008947', 'Disease') :: ['mixed connective tissue disease']

answer: @entity2406 :: (MESH:D008947,Disease) :: ['mixed connective tissue disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e21174 Background: Personalized medicine has become increasingly important in the management of oncology @entity1 . Traditional approaches require a large numbers of unselected @entity1 to enroll on clinical studies with empirically derived therapies. Newer approaches include analysis of @entity5 specimens to determine potential predictive and prognostic clinical biomarkers. Recently, a study by Von Hoff and colleagues utilized a molecular analysis of freshly biopsied @entity5 to determine gene array profile along with immunohistochemical staining in effort to generate potential targets for therapeutic intervention. This approach led to 28% of the study @entity1 achieving a 33% increase in progression free survival. @entity1636 ( @entity1636 ) occur in only one out of one million @entity1 and many @entity1 have @entity3 at the time of diagnosis (1). The rarity of this disease makes it difficult to study and with few treatment options the prognosis is poor (5). The standard management of this disease is largely surgical, with a role for adjuvant mitotane post-operatively, and palliative chemotherapy in the case of @entity3 (9). METHODS: Six consecutive unselected @entity1 at UCLA Medical Center were chosen for this study. The @entity1 had surgery at UCLA and had a portion of their @entity5 fresh frozen and sent CARIS MPI where molecular analysis was performed. A gene microarray profile that focused on 81 genes, potentially important in oncogenesis and oncomaintenance, was run as well as immunohistochemistry staining of 50 proteins important in cell growth and division. Genetic data were categorized, qualitatively reviewed, and attempts at correlations were made. RESULTS: The microarray data provided some consistencies across the @entity1 . All the @entity1 were found to overexpress DNA associated molecules such as; @entity14583 , @entity16071 , @entity19216 , and @entity16981 also found to be underexpressed were molecules involved in signaling pathways such as; @entity675 and @entity1015 . CONCLUSIONS: While many @entity5 have known @entity74 contributing to their molecular phenotype @entity1636 has yet to have any clearly defined molecular defect. This brief molecular study and clinical description of six @entity1636 @entity1 illustrates the heterogeneity of this disease.

title: Molecular analysis of @entity1636 ( XXXX ) @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1636 :: ('MESH:D018268', 'Disease') :: ['ACC', 'Adrenocortical carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic defects']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity1636 :: (MESH:D018268,Disease) :: ['ACC']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1267 ( @entity1267 ) represents an important nutrition source for high-risk newborns. Holder pasteurization (HoP) is the most recommended procedure for @entity1267 treatment, providing a good compromise between microbiological safety and biological quality. HoP was previously shown to affect @entity1267 cytokines, growth factors and hormones levels, whilst no data concerning the possible effects of HoP on neurobiomarkers (NB) are available. Therefore, our study investigated whether the concentration in @entity1267 of a well-known NB involved in brain development/damage, namely @entity4483 , changes due to HoP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a pretest-test study in 11 mothers, whose @entity1267 samples were sub-divided into two parts: the first was immediately frozen (-80  C); the second was pasteurized with Holder method before freezing. @entity4483 @entity1267 levels were measured using a commercially available immunoluminometric assay. RESULTS: @entity4483 protein was detected in all milk samples. Results showed significant differences between groups (P   <   0.05) in @entity4483 levels after HoP. CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide evidence that @entity4483 is present in preterm milk as well as in term milk during maturation degree. Moreover, the results confirm the susceptibility of this neurotrophic factor to pasteurization stresses and the need to develop new storage techniques to preserve the biological quality of @entity1 milk.

title: Holder Pasteurization affects @entity4483 Concentrations in XXXX Milk.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Artificial neural networks (ANNs) can be used to develop predictive tools to enable the clinical decision-making process. This study aimed to investigate the use of an ANN in predicting the outcomes from enhanced recovery after @entity14 surgery. METHODS: Data were obtained from consecutive @entity14 @entity1 undergoing laparoscopic surgery within the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program between 2002 and 2009 in a single center. The primary outcomes assessed were delayed discharge and readmission within a 30-day period. The data were analyzed using a multilayered perceptron neural network (MLPNN), and a prediction tools were created for each outcome. The results were compared with a conventional statistical method using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 275 @entity5 @entity1 were included in the study. The median length of stay was 6  days (range 2-49  days) with 67 @entity1 (24.4  %) staying longer than 7  days. Thirty-four @entity1 (12.5  %) were readmitted within 30  days. Important factors predicting delayed discharge were related to failure in compliance with ERAS, particularly with the postoperative elements in the first 48  h. The MLPNN for delayed discharge had an area under a receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.817, compared with an AUROC of 0.807 for the predictive tool developed from logistic regression analysis. Factors predicting 30-day readmission included overall compliance with the ERAS pathway and receiving neoadjuvant treatment for @entity5 . The MLPNN for readmission had an AUROC of 0.68. CONCLUSIONS: These results may plausibly suggest that ANN can be used to develop reliable outcome predictive tools in multifactorial intervention such as ERAS. Compliance with ERAS can reliably predict both delayed discharge and 30-day readmission following laparoscopic @entity14 surgery.

title: The use of artificial neural networks to predict delayed discharge and readmission in enhanced recovery following laparoscopic XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: No previous meta-analysis was to report the association between the @entity755 ( @entity755 ) XbaI and EcoRI polymorphisms and serum lipids in Chinese. We performed the study to investigate their potentially association. METHODS AND RESULTS: Studies in English and Chinese were found via a systematic search of Pubmed, Embase, CNKI and Wanfang databases. The dominant genetic model and random-effects model were used to pool data from individual studies. As a result, a total of 30 articles with 5611 subjects for XbaI and 2653 subjects for EcoRI were included in the current study. For the XbaI polymorphism, overall, subjects carrying X+ allele were significantly associated with higher TC,TG and LDL compared with X-X- genotype (Pvalue =0.0006, OR (95 %) = -0.55 (-0.86,-0.23); Pvalue = 0.0004, OR (95 %) = -0.30 (-0.47,-0.14); (Pvalue = 0.05, OR (95 %) = -0.23(-0.46,-0.00), respectively). Similar results were observed in the subgroups of Han, healthy individuals (HT), @entity301 ( @entity301 ), @entity385 ( @entity385 ), and @entity2963 . For HDL, positive association between X+ allele with Lower lipid value was found in @entity301 and @entity385 subgroups. For EcoRI polymorphism, overall, the E- allele carriers were found to be obviously linked with elevated LDL and lower HDL compared with E + E+ genotype (Pvalue = 0.02,OR (95 %) = -0.27 (-0.49,-0.05); Pvalue = 0.01, OR (95 %) = 0.17 (0.03, 0.30), respectively). TC was significantly high in subjects carrying E- allele in the subgroup of @entity407 . No evidence of publication bias was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The two genetic variants of @entity755 may be associated with serum lipids in Chinese.

title: Association between the XXXX XbaI and EcoRI polymorphisms and lipids in Chinese: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity755 :: ('338', 'Gene') :: ['APOB', 'apolipoprotein B']

entities_list: @entity2963 :: ('MESH:D002769', 'Disease') :: ['cholelithiasis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['CI', 'cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity755 :: (338,Gene) :: ['APOB']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been suggested to play critical roles in skeletal muscle in response to exercise. Previous study has shown that @entity68351 was involved in a novel model regulating the mitochondrial network. However, its role in mitochondrial biogenesis remains poorly understood. Therefore, the current study was aimed to examine the effect of @entity68351 on mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated that aberrantly expressed @entity68351 is involved in exercise activity and @entity68351 is decreased by exercise training compared with the sedentary control @entity19 . @entity68351 suppresses mitochondrial biogenesis of C2C12 myocytes by targeting the 3'-UTR of @entity12097 ( @entity7111 ). Overexpression of @entity68351 was capable of inhibiting the protein expression levels of @entity7111 . Moreover, @entity68351 overexpression suppressed the @entity1995 MAPK signaling pathway and down-regulated the expression of phosphorylated @entity23308 (P-MK2), a downstream kinase of @entity1995 . The phosphorylation of @entity37362 ( @entity37362 ) that plays a functional role in linking the activation of the @entity1995 pathway to enhanced transcription of the @entity7111 was also inhibited by the overexpression of @entity68351 . These findings revealed a novel regulation mechanism for @entity68351 in skeletal myocytes, and contributed to a better understanding of the modulation of skeletal muscle in response to exercise.

title: MicroRNA-761 regulates mitochondrial biogenesis in XXXX skeletal muscle in response to exercise.

entities_list: @entity12097 :: ('19016(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARy) coactivator-1']

entities_list: @entity23308 :: ('17164(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['MAPK-activated protein kinase-2']

entities_list: @entity37362 :: ('11909(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['ATF2', 'activating transcription factors 2']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Infection is a complication of TRUS prostate biopsy, despite the use of antimicrobial prophylaxis. Worryingly the rate of @entity166 following TRUS biopsy has been shown to be increasing. We aimed to determine the rate, severity, risk factors, standard patterns of care and microbiology resistance profiles associated with TRUS biopsy @entity295 . METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted. Using electronic coding all @entity1 who presented to Cabrini Hospital with @entity295 following a TRUS biopsy from 2009 to 2013 were identified. Validated cases were matched to controls in a ratio of 1:3. Eligible controls were required to have undergone a TRUS biopsy at the same surgical institution as the case and in the closest period of time. Demographic, procedural and @entity1 related data-points were recorded for all @entity1 using hospital and urologist records. Univariate logistic regression models were constructed and used to determine risk factors associated with @entity281 . RESULTS: 71 cases developed @entity295 following TRUS biopsy and were matched to 213 controls. The average rate of @entity295 over the 5-year study period was 1.5  %. A SOFA score   >=    2 was identified in 28  % of cases. We found a high prevalence of antimicrobial resistant @entity526 , with 61  % of blood culture isolates classified as Multidrug resistant organisms. Eight different prophylactic antimicrobial regimens were identified with 33  % of cases receiving ineffective antimicrobial prophylaxis. Statistically significant risk factors included previous antimicrobial use and prior international travel within the six months prior to biopsy. CONCLUSIONS: TRUS biopsy is an elective procedure and as such needs to be associated with minimal morbidity. The patterns of care surrounding periprocedural variables for TRUS biopsies were non-uniform and diverse. A wide variety of different prophylaxis regimens and bowel preparation routines were recorded. @entity1 with risk factors for @entity295 may represent a better target population for intervention with alternative preventative strategies. Alternative preventative options include augmented prophylaxis, tailored prophylaxis or the TP biopsy approach either as a first line biopsy modality or based on epidemiological risk factors.

title: Risk factors for XXXX following prostate biopsy - a case control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious complications']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity17528 is a @entity16629 inhibitor with significant preclinical activity in @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ) cells. This phase 2 study used a two-stage Simon design to determine the @entity17528 response rate in @entity1 with relapsed or refractory @entity1582 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: @entity17528 (75 mg) was administered orally, twice a day, continuously for 28-day cycles. Response was evaluated after 3 cycles. RESULTS: Thirty-six @entity1 received therapy. The median age was 65 years (range: 43-81) and the median number of prior therapies was 5 (range: 2-11). The most common grade 3 and 4 @entity137 included @entity417 , @entity1398 , @entity882 , @entity294 , and @entity1295 . Three @entity204 occurred possibly related to @entity17528 (2 due to @entity295 , 1 due to @entity810 ). After @entity17528 discontinuation, 3 additional @entity204 occurred due to disease progression. The response rate (CR + PR) was 5.6% with a mean duration of response of 4.95 months and median progression-free survival time of 3.52 months. One @entity1 had a very good partial response (VGPR), 1 @entity1 had a partial response, 17 @entity1 had stable disease, 13 @entity1 had @entity74 @entity1 could not be assessed for response. Pharmacodynamic studies revealed variable effects on bone marrow CD138+ cell @entity16629 and @entity1366 phosphorylation. The best clinical response, a prolonged VGPR, occurred in a @entity1 with an @entity50601 translocation. CONCLUSIONS: Single-agent @entity17528 was tolerable and had minimal activity in this heavily pre-treated population.

title: A Phase 2 Trial of XXXX ( @entity17528 , @entity17528 ), an Oral @entity16629 Inhibitor, in Relapsed/Refractory @entity1582 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['progressive disease, and 4']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute kidney injury']

answer: @entity17528 :: (MESH:C517975,Chemical) :: ['AZD6244']


abstract: This article reports on the application of organically modified @entity3440 (ORMOSIL) nanoparticles as a nonviral vector for efficient in vivo gene delivery. Highly monodispersed, stable aqueous suspension of nanoparticles, surface-functionalized with @entity1472 groups for binding of DNA, were prepared and characterized. Stereotaxic injections of nanoparticles, complexed with plasmid DNA encoding for EGFP, into the @entity19 ventral midbrain and into lateral ventricle, allowed us to fluorescently visualize the extensive transfection of neuronal-like cells in substantia nigra and areas surrounding the lateral ventricle. No ORMOSIL-based @entity137 was observed 4 weeks after transfection. The efficiency of transfection equaled or exceeded that obtained in studies using a viral vector. An in vivo optical imaging technique (a fiber-based confocal fluorescent imaging system) provided an effective means to show the retention of viability of the transfected cells. The ORMOSIL-mediated transfections also were used to manipulate the biology of the neural stem/progenitor cells in vivo. Transfection of a plasmid expressing the nucleus-targeting fibroblast growth factor receptor type 1 resulted in significant inhibition of the in vivo incorporation of @entity1603 into the DNA of the cells in the subventricular zone and the adjacent rostral migratory stream. This in vivo approach shows that the nuclear receptor can control the proliferation of the stem/progenitor cells in this region of the brain. The results of this nanomedicine approach using ORMOSIL nanoparticles as a nonviral gene delivery platform have a promising future direction for effective therapeutic manipulation of the neural stem/progenitor cells as well as in vivo targeted brain therapy.

title: Organically modified XXXX nanoparticles: a nonviral vector for in vivo gene delivery and expression in the brain.

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

answer: @entity3440 :: (MESH:D012822,Chemical) :: ['silica']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although the global incidence of @entity1082 )-associated @entity957 ( @entity957 ) is increasing, there is little information on southern Chinese population available. METHODS: We analyzed 207 @entity1 which constituted 63.5% of all newly diagnosed @entity957 in Hong Kong during a 5-year period from 2005 to 2009. RESULTS: We used E6/7 mRNA as a marker of oncogenic involvement and found 20.8% (43/207) of @entity957 and 29.0% (36/124) of tonsillar SCC was associated with HPV. @entity1799 was identified in all cases except one (HPV-18). @entity1 with HPV-associated OPSCCs were significantly younger than HPV-negative @entity1 (mean age: 59.8 vs. 63.9 years, P = 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that HPV-associated @entity957 was more likely to occur in nonsmokers (39.5% vs. 15.1%, OR: 2.89, P = 0.05), nondrinkers (52.5% vs. 25.6%, OR: 2.72, P = 0.04), originate from the palatine tonsils (83.7% vs. 53.7%, OR: 3.88, P = 0.01), present with an early @entity5 (T1/2; 79.1% vs. 47.6%, OR: 3.81, P = 0.004), and exhibit basaloid differentiation (33.3% vs. 7.3%, OR: 19.74, P = 0.006). HPV positivity was an independent predictor for better prognosis for both 5-year overall and 5-year disease-specific survivals (DSS; 63.0% vs. 29.7%, HR: 0.33, P < 0.001, and 87.8% vs. 42.6%, HR: 0.16, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: The estimated age-standardized incidence of @entity957 in Hong Kong during the period 2005-2009 was 0.12/100,000/year. IMPACT: This study has provided the most comprehensive clinical and pathologic information to date about this newly recognized disease in southern Chinese. In view of the global trend, we should anticipate and prepare for an increase in HPV-related @entity957 in southern China. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(1); 1-9.   2015 AACR.

title: Prevalence, Clinicopathological Characteristics, and Outcome of @entity1082 -Associated XXXX in Southern Chinese @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma', 'OPSCC']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Oropharyngeal Cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: We assessed the effect of intraoperative @entity1341 infiltration into the neurovascular bundle of the prostatic nerve on @entity282 and @entity1 outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 40 American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I to III @entity1 undergoing transvesical prostatectomy. Following surgical resection of the prostate the neurovascular bundle of the prostatic nerve was infiltrated with either 10 ml. @entity1341 0.5% or saline. @entity282 intensity was assessed using a @entity1 generated 100 mm. visual analog scale and a @entity1 controlled analgesia device. Additional analgesic requirements, time to ambulation, length of hospitalization and return to normal activity were also recorded. RESULTS: There were no differences in visual analog scale for @entity158 , @entity1 controlled analgesia demands or actual @entity1286 delivered. Similarly, saline versus @entity1341 infiltration did not influence ambulation time (21.3 +/- 2.7 versus 25.0 +/- 11.8 hours, respectively), length of hospitalization (7.06 +/- 0.8 versus 7.11 +/- 0.6 days, respectively), return to normal activity (14.4 +/- 8.8 versus 14.2 +/- 8.2 days, respectively) or @entity1 satisfaction. On postoperative days 1 and 2 more @entity1 in the saline treatment group requested additional oral analgesia compared to the @entity1341 treatment group. However, no statistical difference was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS: Following transvesical prostatectomy, prostatic nerve blockade has no beneficial effects on @entity282 or @entity1 outcome.

title: @entity1341 infiltration into the neurovascular bundle of the prostatic nerve does not improve XXXX or recovery following transvesical prostatectomy.

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain', 'Postoperative pain']

answer: @entity282 :: (MESH:D010149,Disease) :: ['postoperative pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if antim  llerian hormone ( @entity248 ) is associated with @entity393 . DESIGN: Prospective cohort study within a block-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of low-dose @entity117 . SETTING: Not applicable. @entity1 (S): @entity1 (n = 1,228) were of ages 18-40  years with a history of one to two pregnancy losses and were actively attempting pregnancy without fertility treatment. INTERVENTION(S): Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): @entity393 . RESULT(S): Relative risks (and 95% confidence interval [CIs]) of @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-detected and clinical @entity393 were assessed with the use of log binomial models with robust variance and inverse probability weights adjusted for age, race, body mass index, income, trial treatment assignment, parity, number of previous losses, and time since most recent loss. @entity248 levels were defined as: low (<1.00  ng/mL; n = 124), normal (referent; 1.00-3.5  ng/mL; n = 595), and high (>3.5  ng/mL; n = 483). Of the 1,202 @entity1 with baseline @entity248 data, 19 (17.3%) with low @entity248 experienced a clinical loss, compared with 61 (11.4%) with normal @entity248 and 50 (11.8%) with high @entity248 levels. Low or high @entity248 levels, compared with normal @entity248 , were not associated with clinical loss. Results for hCG-detected @entity393 mirrored those of clinical loss. CONCLUSION(S): @entity248 values were not associated with hCG-detected or clinical @entity393 in unassisted conceptions in @entity1 with a history of one to two previous losses. Our data do not support routine @entity248 testing for prediction of @entity393 . CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT00467363.

title: Antim  llerian hormone and XXXX from the Effects of @entity117 in Gestation and Reproduction trial.

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'Women', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['pregnancy loss', 'Pregnancy loss']

answer: @entity393 :: (MESH:D034381,Disease) :: ['pregnancy loss']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity204 have been increasing in the United States and worldwide. We studied medical examiner @entity565 death autopsy (MEADA) records for the state of Maryland, compared selected characteristics with state and national total @entity565 deaths (TADs), and comprehensively reviewed relevant literature to define characteristics of @entity565 deaths and to provide insight for the design of future preventive strategies directed at this subgroup. DESIGN: Protocols for autopsy and clinical data. SETTING: The Office of the Chief Medical Examiner of the State of Maryland. SUBJECTS: All MEADAs in the state of Maryland from 1988 through 1992. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Descriptive analysis. RESULTS: Maryland MEADAs (63 cases) represented 16.62% of Maryland TADs (379 cases). Most common characteristics of individuals on whom autopsies were performed: inner-city residence; single; black male; 15 to 54 years old; history of @entity565 ; no other significant medical condition; fatal episode more likely to begin at home; pronounced dead at hospital; time of death between midnight and 6 AM; no particular seasonality; and typical gross and/or microscopic pathology. Analysis also revealed that 17.46% of deceased @entity565 @entity1 had a history of @entity734 ; 12.69% had positive toxicology for drugs of abuse; 9.52% were @entity1 and young @entity1 up to 4 years old, all of whom were found, unresponsive, at home; and white females comprised the highest number of TADs but the lowest number of MEADAs. CONCLUSION: Asthma education programs focused on asthmatic inner-city black males, especially those with a history of @entity734 , and on parents of inner-city asthmatic @entity1 and @entity1 may be a useful preventive strategy. International, national, and regional MEADA databases may also be of use in the design and monitoring of preventive strategies directed at this subgroup.

title: Medical examiner @entity565 death autopsies: a distinct subgroup of XXXX deaths with implications for public health preventive strategies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['Asthma deaths']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug abuse']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: @entity3884 -transfer reactions are an important class of reactions in many chemical and biological processes. Barrier heights of @entity8108 -transfer reactions are underestimated significantly by popular exchange-correlation functional with density functional theory (DFT), while coupled-cluster (CC) method is quite expensive and can be applied only to rather small systems. Quantum Monte-Carlo method can usually provide reliable results for large systems. Performance of fixed-node diffusion quantum Monte-Carlo method (FN-DMC) on barrier heights of the 19 @entity8108 -transfer reactions in the HTBH38/08 database is investigated in this study with the trial wavefunctions of the single-Slater-Jastrow form and orbitals from DFT using local density approximation. Our results show that barrier heights of these reactions can be calculated rather accurately using FN-DMC and the mean absolute error is 1.0  kcal/mol in all-electron calculations. Introduction of pseudopotentials (PP) in FN-DMC calculations improves efficiency pronouncedly. According to our results, error of the employed PPs is smaller than that of the present CCSD(T) and FN-DMC calculations. FN- @entity33679 using PPs can thus be applied to investigate @entity8108 -transfer reactions involving larger molecules reliably. In addition, bond dissociation energies of the involved molecules using FN-DMC are in excellent agreement with reference values and they are even better than results of the employed CCSD(T) calculations using the aug-cc-pVQZ basis set.    2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Barrier heights of XXXX -transfer reactions with diffusion quantum monte carlo method.

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydrogen']

answer: @entity3884 :: (MESH:D006859,Chemical) :: ['hydrogen']


abstract: To investigate whether the @entity5337 mutation increases the risk of @entity1151 , we determined the presence of the @entity5337 mutation in pathology material from two series of autopsies of @entity1 from the Leiden University Hospital, The Netherlands. The first series consisted of consecutive autopsies in @entity1151 were mentioned in the autopsy report; most @entity1 of this series had major underlying disease. The second series consisted of autopsies in @entity1 younger than age 70 in @entity1151 were the sole cause of @entity204 and no major acquired risk factor for @entity49 was present. Extraction of DNA was done on newly prepared tissue from archival paraffin blocks. In the first series, the presence of @entity5337 was determined in 44 @entity1 , 1 of whom carried the mutation (2.3 percent; 95% confidence interval 0.06 to 12.0 percent). This prevalence is not different from the general population prevalence in The Netherlands. In the second series, @entity5337 could be determined in 30 @entity1 of whom 3 carried the mutation (10 percent; 95% confidence interval 2. to 26.5 percent), which would lead to a threefold relative risk. A large number of @entity1 with diverse psychiatric diagnoses was present in the second series (eleven). We conclude that in the presence of severe illness, the @entity5337 mutation plays no additional role in the development of @entity1151 . The relative risk of the very rare fatal @entity358 that is the sole cause of @entity204 might also be less than the relative risk for @entity1150 in carriers of the @entity5337 mutation.

title: @entity5337 and fatal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary emboli', 'which pulmonary emboli', 'fatal pulmonary emboli']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep-vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolus']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['pulmonary embolism']


abstract: Previous data suggested interaction of @entity900 with interferon (IFN) in @entity1149 and a possible effect of IFN in maintaining remission in @entity151 ( @entity151 ). This study was designed to further examine the effect of IFN in the treatment of @entity66 ( @entity66 ) @entity151 . Forty previously untreated @entity1 with performance status (PS) of 0-2 (Zubrod scale) were treated with @entity2879 (100 mg/m2 for 3 days), @entity900 (25 mg/m2 for 3 days) (EP), and recombinant IFN-alpha2a (rIFN-alpha2a) (5 x 10(6) U/m2 for 3 days) for six cycles (induction), followed by rIFN-alpha2a (5 x 10(6) U/m2) thrice weekly and @entity6303 (40 mg q.i.d.) as maintenance therapy for 6 months or until progressive disease or intolerable @entity137 was documented. @entity1 were 25 @entity1 (62%) and 15 @entity1 (38%), median age 58 (28-76), median Zubrod performance status 1 (0-2). Major sites of metastasis include liver (55%), bone (42%), bone marrow (25%), and adrenal gland (18%). Of 40 eligible @entity1 accrued to this trial, 35 were evaluable for response, and 37 were evaluable for @entity137 . There were 3 complete and 28 partial responses, for an overall response rate of 89%. With 39 of 40 @entity1 followed until @entity204 , median survival (Kaplan-Meier) is estimated at 46 weeks (95% CI range 35-55). Twenty @entity1 completed six cycles of induction, and 16 received maintenance therapy, median 2 cycles (range 1-3). Major @entity137 during induction included grade 4 @entity3028 in 24%, grade 2-3 @entity390 or @entity391 or both in 41%, grade 2 @entity1295 in 24%, grade 2 @entity448 in 22%, and grade 2-3 @entity177 in 9% of 175 total courses of chemotherapy administered. @entity137 during the maintenance phase was notable for grade 2-3 @entity1295 in 43%, grade 2-3 @entity448 in 24%, grade 2-3 weight loss in 10%, and grade 3-4 @entity417 in 17% of 30 courses. There were no treatment-related @entity204 . The addition of rIFN-alpha2a to EP in induction chemotherapy of @entity66 @entity151 , followed by rIFN-alpha2a and @entity6303 maintenance therapy, was reasonably well tolerated. The complete and overall response rates and duration of remission and survival appear to be similar to those generally obtained with EP alone in similar @entity1 .

title: Phase II trial of recombinant IFN-alpha2a with @entity2879 / XXXX induction and interferon/ @entity6303 maintenance in extensive @entity151 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity', 'toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['ED', 'extensive disease']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity3028 :: ('MESH:D000380', 'Disease') :: ['granulocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity6303 :: ('MESH:D019290', 'Chemical') :: ['megestrol acetate']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: To improve research in cognitive theories of childhood @entity3119 , a @entity1 version of the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ-CV) has been developed (Coles et al., 2010). In the present study, psychometric properties of the Dutch OBQ-CV were examined in a community sample (N=547; 8-18 years) and an @entity3119 sample (N=67; 8-18 years). Results revealed good internal consistency and adequate retest reliability (retest interval 7-21 weeks and 6-12 weeks, respectively). @entity1 with @entity3119 reported more beliefs than non-clinical @entity1 . Obsessive beliefs were related to self-reported @entity3119 symptoms, but not to clinician-rated @entity3119 severity. Beliefs were also related to @entity148 and @entity308 . This is the first study examining the factor structure of the OBQ-CV. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed best fit for four factors representing Perfectionism/Certainty, Importance/Control of Thoughts, Responsibility, and Threat, and a higher-order factor. This is in line with results from adult samples. These results support the reliability and validity of the Dutch OBQ-CV.

title: Psychometric properties of a Dutch version of the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-- XXXX Version (OBQ-CV).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Child']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the characteristics of swallowing and @entity132 in @entity1 with @entity751 ( @entity751 ) compared to healthy controls, and whether a subjective swallowing questionnaire, the NIH-Speech Pathology swallowing questionnaire (NIH-SQ), can predict swallowing impairment. METHODS: Twenty-four consecutive @entity751 @entity1 underwent a swallowing assessment comprised of the NIH-SQ, ultrasound swallow study (US) and @entity1282 ( @entity1282 ) study. Healthy controls (n  =  28) completed the NIH-SQ and the US. RESULTS: Ninety-six percent of the @entity1 with @entity751 reported at least one complaint in the NIH-SQ, 59% had abnormal dry swallow duration and 10% abnormal wet swallow duration. Twenty-three @entity1 with @entity751 had some abnormality on the @entity1282 . The @entity1282 category "piecemeal deglutition" (excessive @entity1742 causing @entity1282 required to clear a single bolus) was characteristic of @entity751 @entity1 . No aspiration was detected. No NIH-SQ cutoff score or combination of subjective complaints predicted an abnormal @entity1282 . Fifty-two percent of the @entity1 had @entity1741 . CONCLUSIONS: Swallowing and @entity132 are common in @entity1 with @entity751 and differ from those previously reported in @entity1 with @entity7463 . @entity1282 are characteristic features of our @entity751 @entity1 . Although the NIH-SQ cannot predict the results of the more objective @entity1282 in this population, it characterizes the @entity1 ' major subjective swallowing complaints.

title: Swallowing disturbances in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['speech disturbances']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['CBS', 'corticobasal syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['MBS', 'Piecemeal deglutition and speech apraxia', 'multiple swallows', 'modified barium swallow']

entities_list: @entity1741 :: ('OMIM:602081', 'Disease') :: ['speech apraxia']

entities_list: @entity7463 :: ('MESH:D013494', 'Disease') :: ['PSP syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1742 :: ('MESH:D001072', 'Disease') :: ['lingual gestures']

answer: @entity751 :: (MESH:D013577,Disease) :: ['corticobasal syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Recently, surgical outcomes of @entity1 with intramedullary @entity4097 (IMSCT) have been improved due to advances of medicine. The purposes of our study were to evaluate the recent neurological outcomes after surgical treatment of IMSCTs. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 69 @entity1 who underwent surgical treatment for IMSCT in our hospital between 1998 and 2013. @entity1 's age, sex, histological origin and grade, @entity5 location, @entity5 extension, preoperative neurological state, initial presenting symptom, and extend of @entity5 resection were analyzed to evaluate predictive factors that affect postoperative functional outcome. RESULTS: The neurological states at last follow-up were improved in 16 @entity1 (23.2%), unchanged in 47 (68.1%), aggravated in 6 (8.7%). In all @entity1 , the functional outcomes were good in 52 @entity1 (75.4%), fair in 10 (14.5%), poor in 7 (10.1%). Preoperative good neurological state was the strongest positive predictor of good functional outcome (p<0.05). In @entity5 location, functional outcomes of @entity5 were poor than those in cervical and conus medullaris region (p=0.011). High-grade @entity5 shows poor outcome compare to low-grade @entity5 (p=0.03). CONCLUSION: The most reliable predicting factor of surgical outcome was the preoperative neurological state. In addition, IMSCTs in thoracic region and high-grade @entity5 showed relatively bad outcome and had a risk of postoperative morbidity.

title: Neurological outcome after surgical treatment of intramedullary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'thoracic tumors']

entities_list: @entity4097 :: ('MESH:D013120', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord tumors']

answer: @entity4097 :: (MESH:D013120,Disease) :: ['spinal cord tumors']


abstract: Pancreatic resection has become a feasible treatment of @entity788 , and with improvements in surgical techniques and perioperative management, mortality associated with pancreatic surgery has decreased considerably. Despite this improvement, a high rate of complications is still associated with these procedures. Among these complications, delayed @entity356 (DGE) and postoperative @entity3472 (POPF) have a substantial impact on @entity1 outcomes and burden our healthcare system. Technical modifications and postoperative approaches have been proposed to reduce rates of both POPF and DGE in @entity1 undergoing pancreatectomy; however, to date, their rates have remained unchanged. In the present study, we summarize the findings of the most significant studies that have investigated these complications. In particular, several studies focused on technical modifications including extent of dissection, stent placement, nature of @entity254 , type of reconstruction, and application of biological or non-biological agents to site of @entity254 . Moreover, postoperatively, drain placement, duration of drain usage, postoperative feeding, and use of pharmacological agents were studied to reduce rates of POPF and DGE. In this review, we summarize the most relevant literature on this fundamental aspect of pancreatic surgery. Despite studies identifying the potential benefit of technical modifications and postoperative approaches, these findings remain controversial and suggest need for further extensive investigation. Most importantly, we recommend that all surgeons performing these procedures base their practice on the most updated and highest available level of evidence.

title: @entity3472 and Delayed XXXX After Pancreatectomy: Where do We Stand?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity3472 :: ('MESH:D010185', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic fistula']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric emptying']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric Emptying']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 with @entity5971 ( @entity5971 ) have generally poor stereopsis; however, it is not clear whether they can see the recently developed 3-D images stereoscopically. We investigated the ability of postoperative @entity5971 @entity1 to have stereoscopic perception of 3-D attraction images which have large crossed disparities, and also 3-D movies which have generally small uncrossed disparities. METHODS: Twenty-seven @entity5971 @entity1 (infantile @entity5971  =  12, late-onset @entity5971  =  15) were examined postoperatively. They were examined with the 4-dot test, Titmus @entity238 test, and questionnaires to determine whether they had stereoscopic vision when observing 3-D attraction images and 3-D movies. McNemar tests were used for statistical evaluations. RESULTS: The number of @entity1 who passed the Titmus @entity238 test was smaller than the number that were able to see 3-D attraction images stereoscopically ( @entity238 test 13; 48  %, 3-D attraction 22; 81  %; P  =  0.016). However, the number was not significantly different from that of those who could perceive 3-D movies stereoscopically. The number of @entity1 who passed the Titmus @entity238 test was significantly smaller than the number who can perceive 3-D attraction images stereoscopically in the infantile @entity5971 group ( @entity238 test 2, 17  %, 3-D attraction 10, 83  %; P  =  0.013) but was not different in the late-onset @entity5971 group postoperatively. The minimum angle of fusion for the 4-dot test was smaller in the Titmus @entity238 -positive @entity1 than in the Titmus @entity238 -negative @entity1 (P  =  0.03). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity1 who cannot pass the Titmus @entity238 test might be able to experience 3-D attractions stereoscopically but not be able to see 3-D movies stereoscopically.

title: Stereoscopic perception of 3-D images by @entity1 after surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

answer: @entity5971 :: (MESH:D004948,Disease) :: ['esotropia']