abstract: BACKGROUND: The common mantra with which @entity1 often leave a burns unit is "moisturize and massage". Various products have been reported for use in practice including aqueous cream BP, @entity5157 wax and herbal oil creams, @entity1346 based creams, @entity982 /petroleum/mineral oil based products and aloe vera gels. Often combined with other scar management techniques such as pressure therapy, massage and contact media, moisturizers convey active properties of their own.   To date no published review on the optimal moisturizer for burn scar management has been identified via searches of recognized databases. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to identify and synthesize the best available evidence on the effectiveness of moisturizer use in the management of active @entity2318 following @entity130 .   More specifically, this review focused on the following questions:   Does moisturizer use have an effect on scar outcomes following @entity130 , including scar formation, skin breakdown, @entity1 acceptance and water loss?   What is the optimal base composition of moisturizers used in scar management for @entity1 who have sustained a @entity130 ? INCLUSION CRITERIA: Types of @entity1 :   @entity1 of any age who have sustained a @entity130 of any size, and have been admitted to a hospital or regional burn unit or burn centre for the management of their @entity130 .   Types of intervention(s)/phenomena of interest:   Studies evaluating moisturizer applied to healed skin following @entity130 were considered for inclusion. Moisturizer may have been compared to usual care as defined by the individual study, other interventions, or a different type of moisturizer. Studies comparing moisturizer and massage compared to moisturizer alone were excluded.   Types of studies:   This review primarily considered experimental study designs, including randomized and pseudo-randomized controlled trials.   Types of outcomes:   Primary outcomes for examination in this review included scar formation and skin breakdown, measured by objective tools or subjective scales.   Secondary outcomes included product acceptance, @entity1 compliance and transepidermal water loss. SEARCH STRATEGY: A search was conducted to identify published and unpublished studies via electronic databases. Reference lists of all papers selected for full text retrieval were then hand searched for potential additional citations. METHODOLOGICAL QUALITY: Articles meeting pre-determined eligibility criteria for the review were assessed by two independent reviewers using standardized checklists from the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument. Corresponding authors were contacted where additional information was required; however this strategy did not yield additional information that altered study eligibility status. DATA COLLECTION: Data was extracted from the included paper using the standardized data extraction tool from the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument. DATA SYNTHESIS: Narrative synthesis of the included study was undertaken. RESULTS: One study, following a randomized controlled design, was eligible for inclusion in this review. This study investigated the effect of @entity270 cream versus a base moisturizing cream on outcomes including @entity11535 , scar thickness, cosmetic appearance and graft size. No significant differences between groups for all reported outcomes were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the common practice involving moisturizers TRUNCATED AT 500 WORDS.

title: The effectiveness of moisturizers in the management of @entity2318 following XXXX : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin E']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['burn injury', 'injury']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['burn scars']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity11535 :: ('MESH:D009041', 'Disease') :: ['range of motion']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['burn injury']


abstract: In 1989, we reported on the efficacy of liver transplantation in @entity2835 ( @entity2835 ) by demonstrating that the actual @entity1 survival following transplantation was significantly better than without transplantation as predicted by a mathematical survival model ("Mayo natural history model"). Our aim in this investigation was to determine an optimal time to perform liver transplantation in @entity2835 . One hundred forty-three @entity1 with @entity2835 undergoing liver transplantation were followed prospectively. Disease severity was measured immediately before transplantation by a summary score ("risk score") used in the Mayo natural history model, namely age, @entity648 , albumin, prothrombin time, and the presence or absence of @entity4 . Proportional hazards analyses were performed assessing @entity1 survival following transplantation. The influence of disease severity immediately pretransplantation on resource utilization for liver transplantation was assessed. Compared with our report in 1989, liver transplantation was performed at an earlier stage of disease (e.g., median risk score: 7.5 vs. 8.3; P < .01). Following transplantation, @entity1 survival probabilities at 1, 2, and 5 years were 93%, 90%, and 88%, respectively. In the proportional hazards analysis, the risk of @entity204 following transplantation remained low until reaching a risk score of 7.8. In contrast, risk scores greater than 7.8 were associated with a progressively increased mortality. Resource utilization measured by the days in the intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital and the requirement for intraoperative blood transfusions was significantly greater in recipients who had higher risk scores before transplantation. Our data suggest that an optimal timing for liver transplantation, as determined by @entity1 survival and resource utilization, appears to be at a risk score around 7.8 in @entity1 with @entity2835 .

title: Optimal timing of liver transplantation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2835 :: ('MESH:D008105', 'Disease') :: ['PBC', 'primary biliary cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

answer: @entity2835 :: (MESH:D008105,Disease) :: ['primary biliary cirrhosis']


abstract: The management of hip instability as a consequence of @entity5414 in childhood is difficult. Ilizarov hip reconstruction is a double-level femoral osteotomy with the objective of eliminating hip instability, through a proximal valgus-extension-derotation osteotomy and a distal varization-lengthening osteotomy for mechanical axis correction and equalization limb length. Ilizarov hip reconstruction was performed for 16 adult @entity1 with complaints of @entity158 , @entity3656 , limping, reduced activity and limited abduction of the hip as a result of @entity5414 . Their ages ranged from 19 to 32  years (mean 23.2      4.2). Ilizarov external fixator was used in all cases. At the time of last follow-up that ranged from 60 to 132  months (mean 85.6      23.5), the Harris hip score (HHS) showed excellent functional outcome in two cases (12.50  %), good in 13 cases (81.25  %) and fair in one case (6.25  %). There was no poor functional outcome in any case. Preoperatively, the mean HHS was 56.18 points, and at the time of last follow-up, it improved to a mean of 84.62 points. @entity158 subsided in all @entity1 , the Trendelenburg sign became negative in all but three (19  %) @entity1 , no @entity1 had limb-length discrepancy, and the alignment of the extremity was reestablished in all cases. No additional operations were required. Ilizarov hip reconstruction is a valuable and durable solution for the late sequelae of @entity5414 of the hip presenting in adult @entity1 .

title: Midterm results of Ilizarov hip reconstruction for late sequelae of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3656 :: ('MESH:D007870', 'Disease') :: ['leg-length discrepancy']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'hip pain']

entities_list: @entity5414 :: ('MESH:D001170', 'Disease') :: ['septic arthritis', 'childhood septic arthritis']

answer: @entity5414 :: (MESH:D001170,Disease) :: ['childhood septic arthritis']


abstract: Allogeneic BMT is potentially curative for @entity1 with @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) in first remission. However, many @entity1 relapse after transplantation. Various immunotherapeutic options have been attempted with variable success in preventing relapse. Early identification of @entity1 at high risk for relapse could allow prompt intervention. We examined the effect of slow lymphocyte recovery after sibling-matched allogeneic BMT on the risk of relapse in @entity1 with @entity3052 . We also examined the effect of @entity229 -containing GVHD prophylaxis on the rate of lymphocyte recovery. @entity1 with @entity6660 ( @entity6660 ) <150 x 10(6)/l by day +30 had a 3.5-fold higher risk of relapse (P = 0.0088) and a lower overall survival (P = 0.0079) than @entity1 with a higher @entity6660 . We did not find correlation between lymphocyte count determined earlier in the post-transplantation course (day +21) and the risk of relapse. @entity1 receiving @entity229 had a significantly lower @entity6660 at day +30 than those who did not receive @entity229 (289 vs 549 x 10(6)/l, P = 0.002). We conclude that a slow lymphocyte recovery after allogeneic BMT for @entity3052 is strongly predictive of subsequent relapse and that the type of GVHD prophylaxis should be considered when analyzing lymphocyte recovery.

title: Effect of slow lymphocyte recovery and type of graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis on relapse after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity6660 :: ('MESH:D009845', 'Disease') :: ['ALC', 'absolute lymphocyte count']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myelogenous leukemia', 'AML']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute myelogenous leukemia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Informed decision making has been highlighted as an important aspect of @entity2 screening programs. This study seeks to assess the efficacy of a web-based @entity1 decision @entity3224 for @entity2 screening, www.shouldiscreen.com. METHODS: A before-and-after study (August through December 2014) was conducted where @entity1 navigated a web-based decision @entity3224 that provided information about low-dose computed tomography @entity2 screening. Using an established prediction model, the decision @entity3224 computed baseline @entity2 risk and an individual's chances of benefiting from, and risk of being harmed by, screening. Outcome measures included knowledge of @entity2 risk factors and @entity2 screening, decisional conflict, concordance, and acceptability of the decision @entity3224 . Data were collected from 60 @entity1 who were current or former smokers, had no history of @entity2 , and had not received a chest computed tomographic scan in the previous year. Analysis took place in 2015. RESULTS: Knowledge increased after seeing the decision @entity3224 compared with before (p<0.001), whereas the score on the Decisional Conflict Scale decreased (p<0.001). Concordance between a @entity1 's preference to screen and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation improved after seeing the decision @entity3224 (p<0.001). Risk perceptions among the screen-ineligible group changed (n=49), contrary to those who were eligible (n=11). Ninety-seven percent of the @entity1 reported that the decision @entity3224 was likely useful for @entity2 screening decision making. CONCLUSIONS: The web-based decision @entity3224 should be a helpful resource for individuals considering @entity2 screening, as well as for practitioners and health systems with @entity2 screening programs.

title: Evaluation of a Personalized, Web-Based Decision XXXX for Lung Cancer Screening.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity3224 :: (57379,Gene) :: ['Aid']


abstract: @entity742 exposed to @entity251 during a critical period from gestational day (GD) 30 to GD 90 develop masculine genitals and an enlarged male-typical ovine sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (oSDN). The present study tested the hypothesis that separate critical periods exist for masculinization of these two anatomical end points. Pregnant ewes were treated with @entity3033 (TP) either from GD 30 to GD 60 (early TP) or GD 60 to GD 90 (late TP). Control (C) pregnant ewes were treated with @entity4336 oil. Fetuses were delivered at GD 135 and the volume of the oSDN was measured. Early TP females possessed a penis and a scrotum devoid of testes, whereas late TP and C females had normal female genitals. Neither period of TP exposure grossly affected the genitals of male fetuses. Despite masculinized genitals, the mean volume of the oSDN in early TP females (0.32    0.06 mm  ) was not different from C females (0.24    0.02 mm  ) but was significantly enlarged in late TP females (0.49    0.04 mm  ; P < 0.05 vs. C) when the genitals appeared normal. In contrast, the volume of the oSDN in late TP males (0.51    0.02 mm  ) was not different from C males (0.51    0.04 mm  ) but was significantly smaller in the early TP males (0.35    0.04 mm  ; P < 0.05 vs. C). These results demonstrate that the prenatal critical period for @entity342 -dependent differentiation of the oSDN occurs later than, and can be separated temporally from, the period for development of masculine genitals.

title: Separate critical periods exist for XXXX -induced differentiation of the brain and genitals in @entity742 .

entities_list: @entity3033 :: ('MESH:D043343', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone propionate']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity251 :: (MESH:D013739,Chemical) :: ['testosterone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e15589 Background: @entity11558 is an oral drug with alkylating activity and low @entity137 profile including no @entity1665 and scarce @entity1503 . Its activity in recurrent @entity43 is well known but new drugs with more activity have reduced its use. METHODS: We present a retrospective study with @entity11558 in @entity1 with recurrent @entity43 failing to the standard second line treatments or as maintenance after achieving a response to second line therapy. The dose used was 400 mg daily, during fourteen days every four weeks, until @entity137 or disease progression.Our objective was to evaluate the activity and @entity137 profile of @entity11558 in the second line setting of @entity43 @entity1 . RESULTS: Median age was 53years old. Eight @entity1 were treated with @entity11558 as maintenance after achieving a complete or a partial response with a standard second line regimen to prolong the PFS. 76.5% of the @entity1 have received 3 or more previous lines of chemotherapy. Excluding the eight @entity1 treated for maintenance, 33% achieved complete or partial response, 25% stable disease and 42% progression. The more frequent @entity137 were: nausea in 40% of @entity1 , other @entity344 in 40% and @entity1296 in 30%. The median PFS for all the group was 12,1 months and for the maintenance group of @entity1 18,1 months. The maintenance group has received between 4+ and 61+ cycles. CONCLUSIONS: @entity11558 is an oral drug with manageable @entity137 and with activity in @entity1 with recurrent @entity43 being another option to be considered after the standard second lines. Also can be used as a maintenance drug for @entity1 in response to prolong the PFS.

title: XXXX for recurrent @entity43 or as maintenance after response to second-line therapy.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal disorders']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity11558 :: ('MESH:D006585', 'Chemical') :: ['altretamine', 'Altretamine']

answer: @entity11558 :: (MESH:D006585,Chemical) :: ['Altretamine']


abstract: Several influences modulate biochemical responses to a weight-adjusted @entity1955 ( @entity2016 ) replacement dose. We conducted a secondary analysis of the relationship of @entity2016 dose to TSH and free T3 (FT3), using a prospective observational study examining the interacting equilibria between thyroid parameters. We studied 353 @entity1 on steady-state @entity2016 replacement for @entity1669 or after surgery for malignant or benign @entity1374 . Peripheral deiodinase activity was calculated as a measure of T4-T3 conversion efficiency. In euthyroid subjects, the median @entity2016 dose was 1.3 g/kg per day (interquartile range (IQR) 0.94,1.60). The dose was independently associated with gender, age, aetiology and deiodinase activity (all P<0.001). Comparable FT3 levels required higher @entity2016 doses in the @entity189 group (n=143), even after adjusting for different TSH levels. Euthyroid @entity259 @entity1 (n=50) received 1.57 g/kg per day @entity2016 (IQR 1.40, 1.69), compared to 1.19 g/kg per day (0.85,1.47) in @entity1669 (P<0.01, n=76) and 1.08 g/kg per day (0.82, 1.44) in @entity1 operated on for benign disease (P< 0.01, n=80). Stratifying @entity1 by deiodinase activity categories of <23, 23-29 and >29nmol/s revealed an increasing FT3-FT4 dissociation; the poorest converters showed the lowest FT3 levels in spite of the highest dose and circulating FT4 (P<0.001). An @entity2016 -related FT3-TSH disjoint was also apparent; some @entity1 with fully suppressed TSH failed to raise FT3 above the median level. These findings imply that @entity6145 conversion efficiency is an important modulator of the biochemical response to @entity2016 ; FT3 measurement may be an additional treatment target; and @entity2016 dose escalation may have limited success to raise FT3 appropriately in some cases.

title: Variation in the biochemical response to @entity1955 therapy and relationship with peripheral XXXX conversion efficiency.

entities_list: @entity1669 :: ('MESH:D013967', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune thyroiditis']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['levothyroxine']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6145 :: ('CHEBI:60311', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroid hormone']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['athyreotic thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid disease']

answer: @entity6145 :: (CHEBI:60311,Chemical) :: ['thyroid hormone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate efficacy and @entity137 of radio-chemotherapy (RCT) and MR-guided pulsed-dose-rate (PDR) adaptive brachytherapy (IGABT) for locally advanced @entity5 (LACC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 2007 and 2014 85 @entity1 with FIGO stage 1B1 N+ or >=  1B2 @entity5 were treated with RCT+ IGABT. The treatment consisted of a pelvic   paraaortic external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) (45-50.4 Gy    10 Gy boost to @entity5 and/or to pathologic lymph nodes) with concurrent @entity900 followed by 25-35 Gy of PDR IGABT in 30-50 pulses. The ratio of 3D-CFRT/IMRT was 61/24 @entity1 . Dose-volume parameters of high-risk clinical target volume (HR-CTV), intermediate-risk clinical target volume (IR-CTV) and D2cm(3) organs at risk (OARs) were reported. Local control (LC), @entity5 -specific survival (CCS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) were analyzed actuarially and morbidity crude rates were scored using CTCAEv4.0. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 36 months (range 6-94). The mean D90 and D98 for HR-CTV was 84.4    9 Gy and 77    8.1 Gy, while for IR-CTV was 69.1    4.3 Gy and 64.8    4.3 Gy, respectively. The mean D2cm(3) for OARs was the following: bladder: 77.3    10.5 Gy, rectum: 65    6.8 Gy, sigmoid: 63    7.9 Gy and intestine: 64.0    9.1 Gy. Three year LC, CSS and @entity1349 were: 94%, 85% and 81%. The three-year regional- and distant control rates were 95% and 74%. Node negative @entity1 had significantly higher three-year CSS (100 vs. 72%, p = 0.016) and @entity1349 (92 vs. 72%, p = 0.001) compared to node positive ones. Three-year actuarial late Grade >=  3 morbidity was the following: GI: 8%, GU: 5%, Vaginal: 8%. The frequency of Grade >=  3 hematological @entity137 including @entity417 / @entity1431 / @entity1398 / @entity882 were 8.6%/34.7%/24.3%/24.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION: This large mono-institutional experience builds up further evidences that IGABT in conjunction with RCT should be the standard of care for @entity1 suffering LACC.

title: Clinical efficacy and @entity137 of radio-chemotherapy and magnetic resonance imaging-guided brachytherapy for locally advanced XXXX @entity1 : A mono-institutional experience.

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'primary tumor', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to report the delivery outcomes in @entity1 who had loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) for @entity5 (stage @entity9216 without lymphovascular invasion) and became pregnant and progressed beyond 24 weeks. METHODS: A case-control study was performed. Twenty-eight @entity1 who were managed exclusively with LEEP for @entity2622 had at least one pregnancy beyond 24 weeks and were the cases. Each case was matched with one @entity1 who delivered at the same department without prior treatment of her cervix (controls) and their delivery outcomes were compared with those of the cases. Known risk factors for @entity3152 were used as matching factors. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) between cases and controls in the duration of pregnancy (37.6-38.4 weeks respectively), birth weight (3212-3315 g), cesarean section rate (17.8-32.1%), neonatal unit admission rate (21.4-10.7%), and precipitate labor rate (13-10.5%). The duration of labor was significantly shorter in cases (5.5-7.1 h, P = 0.032). After LEEP the relative risk for @entity3152 is 3.67 (95% confidence interval, 0.97-20.27), for low birth weight @entity1 0.67 (0.06-5.8), for precipitate labor 1 (0.05-3.88), and for delivery by cesarean section 0.5 (0.17-4.46). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 treated for @entity5 with LEEP did not have significantly more @entity532 compared with controls apart from shorter duration of labor. There was a possible non-statistically significant trend toward shorter duration of pregnancy in cases. While caution should be advised when selecting and treating @entity1 with @entity189 by LEEP, the apparent safety of the management and the satisfactory delivery outcome seem to justify this approach in many cases.

title: Delivery outcomes following loop electrosurgical excision procedure for microinvasive (FIGO stage @entity9216 ) cervical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'Women', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm delivery']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['microinvasive cancer', 'microinvasive cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['microinvasive cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['delivery complications']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['microinvasive carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in @entity1 with severe @entity311 is still unclear. It has been hypothesized that @entity651 depends, in addition to microvascular obstruction, on an increased pulmonary capillary pressure and altered alveolar-capillary membrane permeability, causing pulmonary fluid accumulation. METHODS: This study compared the histopathological features of @entity651 in Southeast Asian @entity1 (n  =  43) who died from severe @entity3964 @entity311 , and correlated these with clinical history in groups with or without @entity4 . To investigate the expression of mediators that may influence fluid accumulation in @entity4 , immunohistochemistry and image analysis were performed on controls and sub-sets of @entity1 with or without @entity4 . RESULTS: The expression of leukocyte sub-set antigens, bronchial interleukin (IL)-33, y-epithelium @entity1372 channel (ENaC), aquaporin ( @entity68035 , and control cytokeratin staining was quantified in the lung tissue of severe @entity311 @entity1 . Bronchial @entity6889 expression was significantly increased in severe @entity311 @entity1 with @entity4 . @entity311 @entity1 with shock showed significantly increased bronchial @entity6889 compare to other clinical manifestations. Bronchial @entity6889 levels were positively correlated with @entity469 + monocyte and elastase  +  neutrophil, septal congestion and hyaline membrane formation. Moreover, the expression of both vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) and bronchial y-ENaC significantly decreased in severe @entity311 @entity1 with @entity4 . Both VSMC and bronchial y-ENaC were negatively correlated with the degree of parasitized erythrocyte sequestration, alveolar thickness, alveolar expansion score, septal congestion score, and malarial pigment score. In contrast @entity68035 and pan cytokeratin levels were similar between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that @entity6889 may play a role in @entity651 during severe @entity311 and lead to @entity4 . Both VSMC and bronchial y-ENaC downregulation may explain @entity358 and participate in @entity4 pathogenesis in severe @entity311 @entity1 .

title: A potential role for @entity6889 and y-epithelium @entity1372 channel in the pathogenesis of @entity1 XXXX associated @entity651 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary oedema']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary fluid disturbances']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']

entities_list: @entity311 :: ('MESH:D008288', 'Disease') :: ['Malaria', 'malaria']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between changes in collagen metabolites (ICTP, mature cross-linked @entity1473 -terminal telopeptide of type I collagen; PINP, the @entity1472 -terminal propeptide of @entity4173 ) and @entity79 ( @entity79 ) in 206 pre- and post-menopausal @entity0 @entity1 with non-metastatic disease. All @entity1 received adjuvant cancer treatment--premenopausal @entity1 chemotherapy and post-menopausal patients anti- @entity2931 . In addition, the @entity1 were also randomized to receive oral @entity19160 1600 mg daily for 3 years. @entity79 was measured at baseline and at 1 and 2 years, the collagen metabolites at baseline and at 1 year. There was a highly significant negative correlation between the changes in PINP and @entity79 in lumbar spine and femoral neck from baseline to 12 months in all @entity1 (r(s) = -0.68, P < 0.0001, and -0.45, P < 0.0001, respectively), and in pre- and post-menopausal @entity1 separately. The changes in PINP levels at 12 months predict further changes in @entity79 at 24 months (r = -0.70, P < 0.0001, and -0.51, P < 0.0001, respectively). ICTP and @entity79 changes correlated significantly only in lumbar spine of premenopausal @entity1 who developed rapid @entity604 due to chemotherapy-induced @entity4999 (r(s) = -0.34, P = 0.0003). The PINP levels at 12 months were significantly lower in the @entity19160 group than in the control group (P < 0.0001). Our results indicate that PINP is a sensitive marker of bone turnover rate. Changes in PINP levels significantly predicted changes in @entity79 and correlated with the antiresorptive efficacy of @entity19160 treatment.

title: Aminoterminal propeptide of @entity4173 (PINP) correlates to @entity604 and predicts the efficacy of antiresorptive therapy in pre- and post-menopausal non-metastatic XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4173 :: ('1278', 'Gene') :: ['type I procollagen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogens']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity19160 :: ('MESH:D004002', 'Chemical') :: ['clodronate']

entities_list: @entity1473 :: ('CHEBI:46883', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxy']

entities_list: @entity4999 :: ('MESH:C537962', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhoea']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Our study was designed to explore the hemodynamic effects of intravenous administration of @entity1289 -inhibitor @entity23288 in comparison with standard inotropic-vasodilator therapy. @entity1 with poor left ventricular function following coronary artery bypass (CABG) surgery were examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty @entity1 with poor left ventricular function (EF<30%) following CABG surgery with use of cardiopulmonaly bypass were examined. Fourty @entity1 were control group. All @entity1 had complete invasive hemodynamic monitoring. The @entity1289 -inhibitor @entity23288 0.5 mg/h was administered intravenously via infusion pump. The following parameters were analyzed: arterial blood pressure, systemic vascular resistance, pulmonary vascular resistance, heart rate, cardiac output, cardiac index, left @entity64 work index and the level of mixed venous @entity26 saturation. RESULTS: The results of our study were as follows: Cardiac output, cardiac index and left @entity64 work index were significantly increased in comparison to the control group. Systemic arterial systolic pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance were decreased and there was no significant difference in systemic vascular resistance, mixed venous @entity26 saturation, heart rate and diastolic blood pressure in comparison to the control group. DISCUSSION: Our results pointed at very satisfactory hemodynamic effects of @entity23288 on " @entity1562 ", after CABG surgery. The @entity1289 inhibitors greatly reduce mortality in @entity1 in all stages of @entity712 , from asymptomatic dysfunction of the left ventricle to severe symptomatic stages. CONCLUSION: In prevention of @entity712 in @entity1 with impaired left ventricle function (LVEF<30%), who had undergone CABG surgery with use of cardiopulmonaly bypass, we achieved the best effects on the hemodynamics with parenteral administration of @entity23288 .

title: [Hemodynamic effects of intravenous administration of @entity1289 inhibitor in prevention of XXXX following coronary artery bypass surgery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular stroke']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity23288 :: ('MESH:C054501', 'Chemical') :: ['quinaprilat']

entities_list: @entity1562 :: ('MESH:D017682', 'Disease') :: ['stunned myocardium']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: The @entity470 ( @entity470 ) plays an important role in the development and @entity263 and its overexpression is associated with decreased survival. With progression, @entity263 cells switch from @entity4179 ( @entity4179 ) to @entity310 ( @entity7790 ) synthesis, which contributes to autocrine growth and unrestrained proliferation. To define the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of @entity470 expression by @entity4179 and @entity7790 we studied three @entity1 @entity263 cell lines, @entity342 -responsive (LNCaP) and -unresponsive (DU145 and @entity5049 ). Here we show that @entity7790 stabilized @entity470 mRNA two- to threefold in all three cell lines, whilst @entity4179 stabilized @entity470 mRNA approximately twofold in LNCaP and DU145 cells, but not in @entity5049 cells. Both ligands increased @entity470 transcription in LNCaP and DU145 cells, with less effect in @entity5049 cells. In all three cell lines @entity4179 reduced total @entity470 protein levels more than @entity7790 , but this was associated with a greater increase in de novo protein synthesis with @entity4179 compared to @entity7790 . Only @entity4179 , however, shortened @entity470 protein stability (half-life decreased from 5 h to 120 min), resulting in rapid disappearance of newly synthesized @entity470 protein. Both ligands increased total LNCaP and DU145 cell numbers. These studies demonstrate that the @entity4179 - and @entity7790 -induced upregulation of @entity470 mRNA and protein in @entity1 @entity263 cell lines is complex and occurs at multiple, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Taken together, these data provide novel insight into the molecular mechanisms by which @entity7790 would preferentially maintain an autocrine loop in @entity1 @entity263 cells. Furthermore, this work suggests that in @entity1 @entity263 cells ligand-specific differential intracellular trafficking of the @entity470 plays a major role in regulating its expression.

title: Complex post-transcriptional regulation of XXXX -receptor expression by @entity4179 and @entity7790 in @entity1 @entity263 cells.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['progression of prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity310 :: ('7124', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor alpha']

entities_list: @entity4179 :: ('1950', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor', 'EGF']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity4179 :: (1950,Gene) :: ['EGF']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Integrins participate in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. In this study we determined whether alphaII(b)beta3 integrin is involved in @entity3 of @entity1 @entity263 cells. METHODS: @entity263 @entity5049 and DU-145 cell lines express alphaII(b)beta3. Northern blotting, 5'-RACE, and immunofluorescent localization confirmed expression of alphaIIb integrin in @entity263 cells. We used orthotopic/ectopic site of implantation and lung colonization assays in @entity915 @entity19 to determine whether alphaII(b)beta3 participates in metastatasis of @entity5 cells. RESULTS: Immunofluorescent localization of alphaIIb integrin in fibronectin-adherent DU-145 and @entity5049 cells is remarkably different. In DU-145 cells the integrin localizes to focal contact sites, whereas it is predominantly intracellular in @entity5049 cells. Both @entity5 cell lines are tumorigenic when implanted subcutaneously or intraprostatically in @entity915 @entity19 , but only DU-145 cells injected intraprostatically metastasize. Flow cytometry with a mAb directed to alphaII(b)beta3 revealed higher expression of alphaII(b)beta3 in DU-145 @entity5 cell suspensions isolated from the prostate when compared to DU-145 @entity5 cells from the subcutis. Function-blocking mAbs to alphaII(b)beta3 inhibit lung colonization of tail vein-injected DU-145 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Altogether, the data suggest that alphaII(b)beta3 integrin participates in the metastatic progression of @entity263 .

title: Role of alphaII(b)beta3 integrin in prostate cancer XXXX .

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate adenocarcinoma', 'prostatic adenocarcinoma', 'Prostate adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: @entity2362 and collagen concentrations were determined in intimal-medial samples of ascending aortas from healthy controls of different ages and from 20 @entity1 with @entity1580 ( @entity1580 ). Five @entity1 had the @entity1614 . In controls the highest @entity2362 concentrations (estimated from @entity13403 concentrations or insoluble residues after hot-alkali extraction) were found in @entity1 . During aging until 60 years, @entity2362 concentration decreased when determined by the hot-alkali extraction method while @entity13403 concentration changed less. Aorta samples from the @entity1614 @entity1 showed a great variation of @entity2362 concentration from total lack to normal values. Samples from the other @entity1580 @entity1 could be divided into two groups. One contained clearly less @entity2362 and more collagen than the controls whereas in the other group this difference was less marked. Histological examination of the aortic wall of the first group also showed marked @entity82 accompanied by severe @entity2362 fragmentation and acellularity. From the 15 non-Marfan @entity1 14 were @entity1 . By means of clinical examination these @entity1 could also be divided into "familial" and "nonfamilial" groups, because increased diameter of the aortic root was found in relatives of almost half of the @entity1 . However, there were no differences in @entity2362 and collagen concentrations between the familial and nonfamilial cases. As well, no correlation was found between biochemical findings and diameters of the aortic roots. These results point to altered @entity2362 and/or collagen metabolism in the aortic wall of @entity1580 @entity1 .

title: @entity2362 and collagen in the aortic wall: changes in the @entity1614 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity13403 :: ('MESH:D003895', 'Chemical') :: ['desmosine']

entities_list: @entity1614 :: ('MESH:D008382', 'Disease') :: ['Marfan-syndrome', 'Marfan syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['AAE', 'annuloaortic ectasia']

answer: @entity1580 :: (MESH:C562834,Disease) :: ['annuloaortic ectasia']


abstract: AIMS: Disease management programs (DMP) for @entity6 ( @entity6 ) or @entity301 ( @entity301 ) address the treatment of @entity4977 . The current registry aimed to compare drug utilization, lipid lowering effects and further outcomes of outpatients at high cardiovascular risk in DMP for @entity6 or @entity301 compared to @entity1 in routine care (no-DMP). METHODS: This was a prospective non-interventional registry with a 1 year follow-up which enrolled consecutive @entity1 with known @entity6 and/or any @entity455 on @entity3413 40   mg monotherapy, to document lipid target achievement in clinical practice in Germany according to existing guidelines. Drug use (maintenance, add-on, switch, discontinuation) and other components of care were upon the discretion of the treating physician. RESULTS: Of a total of 12,154 @entity1 (mean age 65.8 years, 61.2% males), 3273 were in DMP @entity301 , 3265 in DMP @entity6 and 1760 in DMP @entity301   +   @entity6 . In DMP @entity1 compared to no-DMP @entity1 , comorbidities/risk factors were more frequent. More @entity1 in the DMP groups attained the target level of low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) <70   mg/dl (1.8   mmol/l) at baseline (8.5% DMP vs. 5.7% no-DMP), at 6 month (10.3% vs. 7.4%) and 12 month follow-up (10.1% vs. 7.1%). @entity165 absorption inhibitors were added in 16% of the @entity1 at the end of the baseline or at the follow-up visits, while @entity6817 treatment (including mean dose) remained largely unchanged. Target achievement rates were highest for all time points in the DMP @entity301   +   @entity6 group. With respect to limitations, this study was restricted to @entity4977 as qualifying diagnosis and @entity3413 as qualifying treatment, which is a potential cause of selection bias. Information on non-pharmacological measures was not collected, and the 12-month follow-up period was relatively short. CONCLUSION: @entity1 in DMP compared to those not in DMP achieved better LDL-C lowering and higher control rates, but overall lipid target achievement rates need to be improved. Longer-term observations are needed to corroborate these findings.

title: Better lipid target achievement for secondary prevention through disease management programs for @entity6 and XXXX in clinical practice in Germany.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity3413 :: ('MESH:D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['simvastatin']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity4977 :: ('MESH:D052439', 'Disease') :: ['lipid disorders']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholesterol']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary heart disease']


abstract: AIM: To compare the effect of scaling and root planning (SRP) alone, and laser curettage as an adjunct to SRP, on the clinical parameters of @entity1 with @entity2521 and @entity6 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten @entity1 were divided into two equal groups in a split-mouth design - Group I: SRP alone, Group II: SRP + laser curettage. The following clinical parameters were recorded: (i) Gingival index (ii) plaque index (iii) sulcular bleeding index (iv) @entity92 ( @entity92 ) and (v) @entity922 ( @entity922 ). SRP was done in one quadrant using Gracey curettes and in another quadrant SRP plus laser curettage was done. Three weeks after the therapy, the clinical parameters were recorded and the results were analyzed and the percentage of improvement were evaluated. RESULTS: The results of this study indicated that both SRP and SRP + laser curettage were efficient for reducing @entity32 and @entity92 . Group II showed more @entity1017 in @entity922 than Group I. Mean @entity92 was 20.22% in Group I and 26.76% in Group II. Mean @entity922 gain is 32.5% in Group II and 22.34% in Group I. CONCLUSION: In both the groups, @entity32 was reduced. When laser curettage was used as adjunct to SRP more @entity92 and @entity922 was seen.

title: LASER curettage as adjunct to SRP, compared to SRP alone, in XXXX with @entity2521 and @entity6 : A comparative clinical study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['gingival inflammation']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in PD and more gain']

entities_list: @entity92 :: ('MESH:D007222', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'reduction in PD', 'probing depth']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['CAL', 'clinical attachment level']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study correlated the extent of abnormalities detected by different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques [proton density (PD)-weighted, T1-weighted, and magnetization transfer imaging (MTI)] with the overall cognitive, frontal lobe, and @entity2414 in @entity1 with @entity15 . @entity1 : There were 30 clinically definite @entity15 @entity1 , with different disease courses. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: psychoactive/ @entity134 treatments, @entity1316 , acute relapse phase. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Neuropsychological test results. Total ( @entity47506 ) and frontal (FLL) lesion loads assessed from PD-weighted, T1-weighted (22 @entity1 ), and MTI (22 @entity1 ) MRI scans. Average lesion MT ratios (MTR) and analysis of the MTR histograms from brain tissue axial slabs on MTI scans. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity75 (n=15) or @entity2414 (n-17) had a higher @entity47506 on PD scans (p=0.04 and p=0.01, respectively). @entity1 with @entity75 had higher FLL on PD scans (p=0.01) and @entity47506 on MTI (p=0.03) scans. No significant relationships between the extent of T1-weighted lesion loads and the presence of any @entity73 . Mean MTR of both @entity75 and whole brain tissue was lower in @entity1 @entity75 (p=0.04). MRI lesion loads correlated significantly with some neuropsychological test scores. CONCLUSIONS: Lesion loads on PD-weighted MRI and MTI-derived measures are associated with @entity73 in @entity15 @entity1 . Overall macroscopic and microscopic @entity75 is more important than the corresponding regional @entity75 in determining deficits of selective cognitive domains.

title: Relation between MR abnormalities and patterns of XXXX in @entity15 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['MS lesions', 'with frontal lobe impairment', 'frontal lobe deficits', 'brain damage', 'brain disease']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychological impairment', 'cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairments', 'memory impairment']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive impairment']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8674 is the most common @entity74 in Malaysia. Confirmation of the b-globin gene mutations involved in @entity2395 is usually carried out by molecular analysis of DNA extracted from leukocytes in whole blood. Molecular analysis is generally carried out when affected @entity1 are around 1 - 2 years as clinical symptoms are expressed during this period. Blood taking at this age can be distressing for the @entity1 . High yield and pure DNA extracted from non-invasive sampling methods can serve as alternative samples in molecular studies for @entity74 especially in pediatric cases. METHODS: In this study, mouthwash, saliva, and buccal cytobrush samples were collected from @entity2395 major @entity1 who had previously been characterized using DNA extracted from peripheral blood. DNA was extracted from mouthwash, saliva, and buccal cytobrush samples using the conventional inexpensive @entity3971 - @entity3636 method and was measured by spectrophotometry for yield and purity. Molecular characterization of b-globin gene mutations was carried out using the @entity262 ( @entity262 ). RESULTS: DNA extracted from mouthwash, saliva, and buccal cytobrush samples produced high concentration and pure DNA. The purified DNA was successfully amplified using @entity262 . Results of the b-globin gene mutations using DNA from the three non-invasive samples were in 100% concordance with results from DNA extracted from peripheral blood. CONCLUSIONS: The conventional in-house developed methods for non-invasive sample collection and DNA extraction from these samples are effective and negate the use of more expensive commercial kits. In conclusion, DNA extracted from mouthwash, saliva, and buccal cytobrush samples provided sufficiently high amounts of pure DNA suitable for molecular analysis of @entity2395 .

title: Non-Invasive DNA Sampling for Molecular Analysis of @entity8674 : Amiable Alternative Sampling Methods with Accurate Results for Pediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity3636 :: ('MESH:D002725', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroform']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['ARMS', 'amplification refractory mutation system']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic diseases', 'genetic disorder']

entities_list: @entity8674 :: ('MESH:D017086', 'Disease') :: ['Beta-thalassemia']

entities_list: @entity2395 :: ('MESH:D013789', 'Disease') :: ['b-thalassemia', 'thalassemia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Preclinical studies suggest that @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) may improve post- @entity64 recovery, and clinical trials investigating safety are ongoing. However, knowledge about @entity1 ' attitudes to @entity1358 in @entity64 is limited. We evaluated the knowledge and attitudes to this therapeutic approach as well as possible factors influencing this among @entity64 @entity1 potentially suitable for @entity1358 . Consecutive first-ever acute @entity63 @entity64 @entity1 aged 20-75 years with @entity64 scale scores 1-18 were included. Exclusion criteria were severe comorbidities or @entity64 . Clinical follow-up after 3-5 years assessed severity of @entity64 , cognitive function, functional status, @entity1 -reported outcome, comorbidity, and after receiving standardized information, the @entity1 also completed an 8-item questionnaire on knowledge and attitudes about @entity1358 . The relations between clinical variables and positive attitude to @entity1358 were assessed with logistic regression analyses. Of 108 @entity1 included at baseline, 84 participated at follow-up and completed the questionnaire. In total, 12% had prior knowledge of @entity1358 . When informed, 63% were positive towards it and 36% reported willingness to participate in @entity1358 trials. Only 5-8% expressed ethical considerations regarding different stem cell sources. Positive attitudes to @entity1358 were associated with male gender (OR: 3.74; 95% CI: 1.45-9.61; p<0.01) and better @entity1 -reported outcome (OR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00-1.04; p<0.05). In conclusion, @entity64 @entity1 had limited prior knowledge of @entity1358 , yet attitudes were positive among the majority after receiving standardized and neutral information. Gender and degree of @entity64 recovery may influence attitudes to @entity1358 , indicating a need for targeted information to improve knowledge about @entity1358 .

title: Attitudes to Stem Cell Therapy among Ischemic Stroke Survivors in the Lund XXXX Recovery Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['stem cell therapy', 'SCT']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['residual stroke symptoms', 'infratentorial stroke', 'stroke', 'NIH stroke']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity12363 mutations in @entity320 can confer resistance to @entity817 inhibitors, although preexisting @entity12363 (P124) mutations do not preclude clinical responses. We sought to determine whether recurrent, preexisting @entity12363 (P124) mutations affected clinical outcome in @entity817 inhibitor-treated @entity1 with @entity320 . METHODS: Data from four published datasets were analyzed to determine whether preexisting @entity12363 (P124) mutations affect radiologic response or progression-free survival (PFS) in @entity1 with @entity817 (V600)-mutant metastatic @entity320 treated with @entity5457 or @entity5458 . The effects of @entity12363 (P124) mutations on MAPK pathway activity and response to @entity817 inhibition were also investigated in a series of cell models. RESULTS: In a pooled analysis of 123 @entity1 , the presence of a pretreatment @entity12363 (P124) mutation (N = 12, 10%) was associated with a poorer RECIST response (33% vs. 72% in @entity12363 ( @entity68390 /S) vs. @entity12363 ) wild-type, P = 0.018), and a shorter PFS (median 3.1 vs. 4.8 months, P = 0.004). Furthermore, @entity12363 ( @entity68390 /S) mutations were shown to have independent kinase activity and introduction of these mutations into a @entity817 -mutant @entity320 cell line diminished inhibition of @entity3963 phosphorylation by @entity5458 and enhanced clonogenic survival in the presence of @entity5458 compared with cells ectopically expressing wild-type @entity12363 . Consistent with these data, two @entity817 -mutant cell lines with endogenous @entity12363 (P124) mutations showed intermediate sensitivity to @entity5458 , but were highly sensitive to downstream inhibition of @entity8047 or @entity3963 . CONCLUSION: Taken together, our data indicate that preexisting @entity12363 (P124) mutations are associated with a reduced response to @entity817 inhibitor therapy and identify a subset of @entity1 with @entity817 -mutant @entity320 likely to benefit from combination therapies involving @entity8047 or @entity3963 inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res; 1-8.   2014 AACR.

title: Preexisting MEK1P124 Mutations Diminish Response to XXXX Inhibitors in @entity320 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5458 :: ('MESH:C561627', 'Chemical') :: ['dabrafenib']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

entities_list: @entity5457 :: ('MESH:C551177', 'Chemical') :: ['vemurafenib']

answer: @entity817 :: (673,Gene) :: ['BRAF']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Tuberculosis of the adrenal glands is a common cause of @entity5343 in developing countries. We conducted a study to determine if treatment of such @entity1 with modern anti- @entity378 chemotherapy would lead to an improvement in plasma @entity701 and @entity1369 levels. DESIGN: Prospective study. @entity1 : 5 @entity1 with @entity5343 secondary to @entity378 . MEASUREMENTS: Basal and ACTH stimulated plasma @entity701 and @entity1369 levels were measured prior to instituting anti- @entity378 chemotherapy, as well as one month after its conclusion. Four @entity1 were again studied over the next 2-5 years. RESULTS: Peak plasma @entity701 levels prior to treatment were markedly reduced (range, < 14-110 mumol/l). There was no improvement one month (< 14-143 mumol/l) or 2-5 years (< 14-69 mumol/l) after completing anti- @entity378 chemotherapy. Peak plasma @entity1369 at diagnosis was < 56-210 pmol/l; it was undetectable in 4 @entity1 . No improvement was observed one month (< 56-210 pmol/l), or 2-5 years (< 56-389 pmol/l) after stopping anti- @entity378 chemotherapy. Plasma @entity1369 levels at both these time points were far lower than those in control subjects (median 736 pmol/l, 560-1512 pmol/l; p < 0.01). One @entity1 had an increase in peak @entity1369 from < 56 pmol/l to 389 pmol/l, though peak @entity701 actually declined in this subject (from 110 mumol/l to 69 mumol/l). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of @entity378 @entity5343 with anti- @entity378 chemotherapy does not lead to normalization of ACTH stimulated plasma @entity701 or @entity1369 levels during the 2-5 year period of study. However, prolonged follow up with regular adrenal function tests is warranted in all such @entity1 .

title: Tuberculous XXXX : lack of normalization of adrenocortical function after anti- @entity378 chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity5343 :: ('MESH:D000224', 'Disease') :: ["Addison's disease"]

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculous', 'tuberculosis']

answer: @entity5343 :: (MESH:D000224,Disease) :: ['Addison's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity955 ( @entity955 ) can be managed with rhythm- or rate-control strategies. There are few data from routine clinical practice on the frequency with which each strategy is used and their correlates in terms of @entity1 ' clinical characteristics, @entity955 control, and symptom burden. METHODS: RealiseAF was an international, cross-sectional, observational survey of 11,198 @entity1 with @entity955 . The aim of this analysis was to describe @entity1 profiles and symptoms according to the @entity955 management strategy used. A multivariate logistic regression identified factors associated with @entity955 management strategy at the end of the visit. RESULTS: Among 10,497 eligible @entity1 , 53.7% used a rate-control strategy, compared with 34.5% who used a rhythm-control strategy. In 11.8% of @entity1 , no clear strategy was stated. The proportion of @entity1 with @entity955 -related symptoms (EHRA Class > = II) was 78.1% (n = 4396/5630) for those using a rate-control strategy vs. 67.8% for those using a rhythm-control strategy (p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age <75 years or the paroxysmal or persistent form of @entity955 favored the choice of a rhythm-control strategy. A change in strategy was infrequent, even in @entity1 with European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) Class > = II. CONCLUSIONS: In the RealiseAF routine clinical practice survey, rate control was more commonly used than rhythm control, and a change in strategy was uncommon, even in symptomatic @entity1 . In almost 12% of @entity1 , no clear strategy was stated. Physician awareness regarding optimal management strategies for @entity955 may be improved.

title: XXXX Management Strategies in Routine Clinical Practice: Insights from the International RealiseAF Survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['Atrial Fibrillation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity49 ( @entity49 ) is a @entity74 with a wide variety of clinical manifestations. There are few studies describing the clinical and epidemiological profile of @entity49 in peripheral or rural areas. Over the last decades, the frequency in which this disease is diagnosed has increased due to greater awareness and availability of noninvasive diagnostic techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hospital-based retrospective case review of adult (>= 15 years) @entity1 with @entity49 between 2001 and 2012 is described. 31 @entity1 with confirmed imagiological diagnosis of @entity49 were included. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Statistical analysis was performed using R version 2.15.2. Incidence rate was computed as number of new cases by time. Confidence interval (CI) was set at 95% and P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The average annual incidence was 0.84 (CI: 0.58-1.18) to 0.73 (CI: 0.5-1.02) per 100 000 cases for adult population. There were 23 (74%) @entity1 and 8 (26%) @entity1 . Predominant initial manifestations were @entity10 , followed by @entity1032 and @entity410 . Median diagnostic delay from onset of illness was 8 days. All @entity1 were treated with unfractionated heparin or low-molecular heparin followed by @entity1229 . Complete recovery occurred in the majority of cases 22 (78.6%) but two @entity1 died during hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Albeit with some particularities, the epidemiology and clinical manifestations we found are comparable to what has been reported in western studies.

title: Clinicoepidemiological profile of XXXX in Algarve, Portugal: A retrospective observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['altered mental status']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebral venous thrombosis', 'CVT']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['very uncommon disorder']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity49 :: (MESH:D019851,Disease) :: ['cerebral venous thrombosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the surgical outcome of rectangular 4-snip punctoplasty, a modification of rectangular 3-snip procedures, using objective measurements. DESIGN: Noncomparative case series. METHODS: The medical charts of @entity1 who underwent rectangular 4-snip punctoplasty for severe @entity850 with at least 6 months follow-up were reviewed. Before surgery and at 1 and 6 months after surgery, subjective evaluation of tearing was assessed using Munk scores. The size of the punctum was graded based on slit-lamp examination, and measurement of tear meniscus height was done using Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: A total of 45 eyes (26 @entity1 ) were studied. The subjective @entity9467 score was significantly reduced after surgery and maintained until 6 months after the surgery (  2 for trend test, P<.001). The grade of the punctum size was also significantly enlarged after surgery and the enlarged punctum was maintained until 6 months after the surgery (  2 for trend test, P<.001). The mean preoperative tear height (452.4  249.3  m) was significantly reduced both at 1 month after surgery (341.6  207.9  m; P=.003, paired t test) and at 6 months after surgery (362.1  212.6  m; P=.004, paired t test). The functional success rate was 93.3% and anatomic success rate was 88.9% at 6 months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Rectangular 4-snip punctoplasty was an anatomically and functionally effective procedure for severe @entity850 @entity1 , maintaining large puncta for fairly long periods.

title: Outcomes of 4-snip punctoplasty for severe XXXX : measurement of tear meniscus height by optical coherence tomography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['punctal stenosis']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['punctal stenosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aimed to confirm the efficacy of @entity1299 in Japanese postmenopausal @entity0 ( @entity0 ) @entity1 , and investigate factors contributing @entity177 ( @entity177 ) prolongation. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 194 @entity0 @entity1 who received @entity1299 (500  mg) from January 2012 to December 2014. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity177 (efficacy measure), overall survival (OS), factors prolonging @entity177 and adverse events were evaluated. RESULTS: The median age was 65 (42 - 90) years. Overall, @entity177 was 5.48 months. In @entity1 without prior chemotherapy (n  =  59), OS was significantly longer (p  =  0.0131) than in @entity1 with prior chemotherapy (n  =  135). There was no strong correlation between @entity177 with @entity1299 and other endocrine therapies, total duration of endocrine therapy and maximum duration of endocrine therapy. @entity177 was significantly longer in @entity1 with less than two prior chemotherapy regimens (p  =  0.0093), de novo @entity3 (p  =  0.0124) and without liver @entity3 (p  =  0.0024). We observed one case each of @entity8995 and @entity146 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1299 is effective for @entity0 @entity1 and may show greater efficacy in @entity1 with few prior chemotherapy regimens, de novo @entity3 and absence of liver @entity3 . Prior endocrine therapy duration might not be a predictive factor for @entity1299 @entity177 in heavily treated @entity0 @entity1 .

title: Efficacy of @entity1299 500 mg in Japanese postmenopausal @entity0 XXXX and factors associated with prolonged time-to-treatment failure.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['advanced/recurrent breast cancer', 'ABC']

entities_list: @entity8995 :: ('MESH:D054060', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infarction']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorder']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['to time-to-treatment failure', 'TTF']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity1299 :: ('MESH:C070081', 'Chemical') :: ['Fulvestrant', 'fulvestrant']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: @entity9433 is a potent @entity470 and @entity1722 inhibitor. @entity136 - @entity900 (GC) is a standard chemotherapy regimen for advanced/metastatic @entity150 . This phase I study examined the safety of @entity9433 in combination with GC in @entity1 with @entity150 . The primary aim was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of @entity9433 in combination with GC. METHODS: A 3 + 3 dose escalation protocol was used with @entity9433 at 750, 1,000 and then 1,250 mg. It was dosed daily with @entity136 (1,000 mg/m2 on days 1, 8 and 15) and @entity900 (70 mg/m2 on day 2) every 28 days. In all, 18 @entity1 with a median age of 63 years (range 50-77) were included; 3/6, 3/5 and 6/7 @entity1 received @entity9433 at 750, 1,000 and 1,250 mg, combined with GC, in cohorts 1, 2 and 3, respectively. RESULTS: No dose-limiting @entity137 (DLTs) were observed in cohort 1 or 2 (3 @entity1 each); in cohort 3 (2 * 3 @entity1 ), 1 of the 6 @entity1 presented DLTs (grade 4, treatment-related @entity1398 and @entity177 ). Twelve @entity1 received 6 cycles. CONCLUSIONS: @entity9433 at 750-1,250 mg combined with GC appears safe and tolerable. The MTD of @entity9433 combined with GC in @entity150 was 1,250 mg.

title: Results from a Phase I Study of @entity9433 with XXXX and @entity900 in Advanced or Metastatic @entity150 : EORTC Trial 30061.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity9433 :: ('MESH:C490728', 'Chemical') :: ['lapatinib', 'Lapatinib']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['Gemcitabine']


abstract: Dispersed ethnic populations believe their health to be worse than the ethnic majority group in Sweden. Most studies in rehabilitation exclude dispersed ethnic populations who can not read or speak the national language although this group seems to be in need of rehabilitation to a larger extent than privileged majority groups. The aim of the study was to examine the experience of living with @entity4512 and experience of health care among dispersed ethnic populations of Muslim @entity1 . The method used was inspired by Grounded Theory in this study. Interviews were made with five first-generation Muslim immigrant @entity1 who had come to Sweden via Iraq as refugees. Two interviews were performed with interpreters. A preliminary core category 'The magnitude of reciprocity' based on three categories emerged from the analysis: (1) Impact of @entity158 , (2) Managing @entity158 and (3) Facing health care. @entity1118 limited the informants physically and emotionally, as well as impacting on their everyday life. Informants managed their @entity158 primarily through medicine and physical activity, which gave at least temporary relief. Health care providers were perceived as doing their best but experiences of bad meetings were also witnessed. The factors important in achieving a good meeting in this study appeared to be; time, dialogue, honesty and understanding. Communication skills, feelings of being taken seriously and a sense of security were additional factors. Not being properly examined, or offered optimal treatment, not being believed or understood, were all seen as signs of dismissal within health care. The limitations of this study are primarily concerned with language difficulties resulting in various shortcomings. Reciprocal recognition and support connected to the specific life experiences of @entity1 that come with forced resettlement from the Muslim world to the European diaspora is a vital part of a holistic approach to @entity158 management.

title: The magnitude of reciprocity in @entity1118 management: experiences of dispersed ethnic populations of Muslim XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4512 :: ('MESH:D059352', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The optimal choice of first-line chemotherapy for @entity1 with relapse of @entity189 ( @entity189 ) after perioperative @entity900 -based chemotherapy (PCBC) is unclear. We investigated the outcomes with @entity900 rechallenge versus a non- @entity900 regimen in @entity1 with recurrent metastatic @entity189 after PCBC in a multicenter retrospective study. @entity1 AND METHODS: Individual @entity1 -level data were collected for @entity1 who had received various first-line chemotherapy regimens for advanced @entity189 after previous PCBC. Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate the prognostic ability of the type of perioperative and first-line chemotherapy to independently affect @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and progression-free survival (PFS) after accounting for known prognostic factors. RESULTS: Data were available for 145 @entity1 (12 centers). The mean age was 62 years; the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) was > 0 for 42.0% of the @entity1 . Of the 145 @entity1 , 63% had received @entity900 -based first-line chemotherapy. The median time from previous chemotherapy (TFPC) was 6.2 months (range, 1-154 months). The median @entity1349 was 22 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 18-27 months), and the median PFS was 6 months (95% CI, 5-7 months). A better ECOG PS and a longer TFPC (> 12 months vs.   <= 12 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.32; 95% CI, 0.20-0.52; P  < .001) was prognostic for @entity1349 and PFS. @entity900 -based chemotherapy was associated with poor @entity1349 (HR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.13-3.06; P  = .015), which appeared to be pronounced in those @entity1 with a TFPC of   <= 12 months. Retreatment with @entity900 in the first-line setting was associated with worse @entity1349 (HR, 3.38; P  < .001). CONCLUSION: The results of the present retrospective analysis suggest that for @entity1 who have undergone previous PCBC for @entity189 , rechallenging with @entity900 might confer a poorer @entity1349 , especially for those with progression within  <  1  year.

title: @entity900 - Versus Non- @entity900 -based First-Line Chemotherapy for Advanced @entity189 Previously Treated With Perioperative XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['Cisplatin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of liposomal formulation on @entity3413 nano-liposomes (SMV-liposome) promoting the osteogenic differentiation of @entity19 bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) analyzed by the expressions of @entity8385 ( @entity8385 ) and @entity4972 ( @entity4972 ). METHODS: Primary BMDC were cultured in vitro using adherence and culture of whole bone marrow method. SMV dosage was set as control group and had two different dosages in this group on the basis of the concentration of SMV. 1  mol/L and 2  mol/L SMV concentration were represented by SMV low dosage group (S1) and SMV high dosage group (S2), respectively. Similarly, SMV-liposome dosage was set as experimental group including two different dosages, 1  mol/L SMV capsuled concentration as SMV-liposome low dosage group ( @entity18238 ) and 2  mol/L SMV capsuled concentration as SMV-liposome high dosage group ( @entity22723 ). Besides, groups with no drug intervention in the experiments were set as blank. BMSC were treated with different concentrations of SMV and SMV-liposome for 48 h, the activity of @entity4972 was measured using p-nitropheny-phosate method, and @entity4972 expression in the BMSC cells was stained by BCIP/NBT @entity4972 color development kit (BCIP/NBT Kit). Furthermore, @entity8385 expression in the BMSC was determined by Western Blot. RESULTS: @entity98 assay showed, after incubated with different concentrations of SMV and SMV-liposome, the cell viabilities of BMSC were all above 85% and had no significant difference in the groups. Compared with the same dosage of SMV in these groups, control group and experimental group had significantly elevated the specific activity of @entity4972 , the staining of BCIP/NBTKit as well as the protein expression of @entity8385 . Besides, the data showed dose-dependent elevation in the control group and experimental group, namely the high dose group had better results than the low dose group. CONCLUSION: Nano-liposomal formulation significantly enhanced SMV effects on the osteogenetic differentiation of BMSC.

title: [Effects of XXXX nano-liposomes on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells].

entities_list: @entity3413 :: ('MESH:D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['simvastatin']

entities_list: @entity4972 :: ('MESH:C562645', 'Disease') :: ['ALP', 'alkaline phosphatase']

entities_list: @entity8385 :: ('12156(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['bone morphogenetic protein 2', 'BMP-2']

answer: @entity3413 :: (MESH:D019821,Chemical) :: ['simvastatin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 are more likely than @entity1 to suffer from @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) and @entity308 . In addition to their sex bias, these disorders share stress as an etiological factor and hyperarousal as a symptom. Thus, sex differences in brain arousal systems and their regulation by stress could help explain increased vulnerability to these disorders in @entity1 . Here we review preclinical studies that have identified sex differences in the locus coeruleus (LC)- @entity1063 (NE) arousal system. First, we detail how structural sex differences in the LC can bias females towards increased arousal in response to emotional events. Second, we highlight studies demonstrating that @entity172 can increase NE in LC target regions by enhancing the capacity for NE synthesis, while reducing NE degradation, potentially increasing arousal in females. Third, we review data revealing how sex differences in the stress receptor, @entity20583 ( @entity20583 ), can @entity528 to @entity6192 in females compared to males. This effect could translate into hyperarousal in @entity1 under conditions of @entity6192 hypersecretion that occur in @entity1005 and @entity308 . The implications of these sex differences for the treatment of stress-related @entity146 are discussed. Moreover, the value of using information regarding biological sex differences to aid in the development of novel pharmacotherapies to better treat @entity1 and @entity1 with @entity1005 and @entity308 is also highlighted. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Noradrenergic System.

title: Sex differences in the locus coeruleus- XXXX system and its regulation by stress.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity20583 :: ('1394', 'Gene') :: ['corticotropin releasing factor 1', 'CRF1']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'major depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['post-traumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['increase LC neuronal sensitivity']

answer: @entity1063 :: (MESH:D009638,Chemical) :: ['norepinephrine']


abstract: AIM: To identify the most effective treatment of @entity292 ( @entity292 ) after gastrectomy for @entity356 . METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was performed. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CILEA Archive, BMJ Clinical Evidence and UpToDate databases were analyzed. Three hundred eighty-eight manuscripts were retrieved and analyzed and thirteen studies published between 1988 and 2014 were finally selected according to the inclusion criteria, for a total of 145 cases of @entity292 , which represented our group of study. Only @entity1 with @entity292 after gastrectomy for @entity5 were selected. Data about @entity1 ' characteristics, type of treatment, short and long-term outcomes were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS: In the 13 studies different types of treatment were proposed: conservative approach, surgical approach, percutaneous approach and endoscopic approach (3 cases). The overall mortality rate was 11.7% for the entire cohort. The more frequent complications were @entity295 , @entity298 , @entity548 , @entity55 and @entity881 . Conservative approach was performed in 6 studies for a total of 79 @entity1 , in @entity1 with stable general condition, often associated with percutaneous approach. A complete resolution of the leakage was achieved in 92.3% of these @entity1 , with a healing time ranging from 17 to 71 d. Surgical approach included duodenostomy, duodeno-jejunostomy, pancreatoduodenectomy and the use of rectus muscle flap. In-hospital stay of @entity1 who underwent relaparotomy ranged from 1 to 1035 d. The percutaneous approach included drainage of abscesses or duodenostomy (32 cases) and percutaneous biliary diversion (13 cases). The median healing time in this group was 43 d. CONCLUSION: Conservative approach is the treatment of choice, eventually associated with percutaneus drainage. Surgical approach should be reserved for severe cases or when conservative approaches fail.

title: Management of XXXX after gastrectomy for @entity356 : Systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['abscesses, peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal stump fistula', 'DSF']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multi-organ failure']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['duodenal stump fistula']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN:: Retrospective review. OBJECTIVE:: To describe a safe surgical procedure, en bloc resection of the posterior wall of the thoracic canal, for the decompression of severe @entity602 caused by tuberous ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA:: OLF has been widely recognized as a cause of @entity602 in East Asia. Surgical decompression of @entity602 caused by OLF is technically demanding. Although several surgical decompression procedures have been described, acute @entity16 is common. METHODS:: Eighteen @entity1 with severe @entity602 caused by tuberous OLF underwent posterior decompression via segmental en bloc resection of the posterior wall of the thoracic canal. The ossified ligamentum flavum, laminae, and partial facet joints of each segment were resected en bloc. Ossified dura mater was removed if present. Posterior fixation with pedicle screws was followed by lateral bone graft fusion. RESULTS:: The mean preoperative modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score (total score, 11) was 4.1 (range, 2-5). Postoperatively, no @entity16 occurred, and all @entity1 improved clinically. With an average follow-up of 31.2 months (range, 24-42 mo), the average mJOA score was 7.8 (range, 6-10), representing a 2-5-point improvement. The average improvement rate was 55.2% (range, 33.3%-83.3%). Most @entity1 were functionally independent at the last follow-up. Forty ossified segments were resected. The average time required for the resection of one segment was 77 minutes. Intraoperatively, dural ossification was noted in 11 @entity1 . Complete resection was performed in all @entity1 . @entity5173 occurred in 5 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS:: Segmental en bloc resection of the posterior wall of the thoracic canal is a safe and effective alternative for OLF-related severe @entity602 .

title: Surgical Technique for Decompression of Severe XXXX Due to Tuberous Ossification of Ligamentum Flavum.

entities_list: @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebrospinal fluid leakage']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deterioration']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic myelopathy']

answer: @entity602 :: (MESH:D013118,Disease) :: ['Thoracic Myelopathy']


abstract: AIM: Adherence and colonization of candida on denture soft liners is the most important contributing factor in development of @entity7606 . This invitro study is undertaken to investigate whether the incorporation of tea tree oil into denture soft liners would inhibit the growth of @entity5132 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Each 10 specimen disks incorporated with tea tree oil into soft liners (St) and without tea tree oil (S) were prepared. Both the tea tree oil daily. These disks were inoculated with @entity5132 suspension for assessment of fungal growth and were rinsed with sterile water to remove loosely attached surface organisms. The attached @entity375 were measured by inoculating them on saboraud's agar. Treated and control disks were stored in distilled water for 1, 30, 60 days and washed daily with wet @entity2708 . Data between treated and control disks were compared by applying t-test. RESULTS: The mean colony forming units (CFU) per mm(2) for specimens without tea tree oil after water storage and wash with wet @entity2708 for 1, 30 and 60 days was 7.1 * 10(6), 6.5 * 10(6), 6.8 * 10(6), respectively and for specimens with tea tree oil CFU decreased significantly to 2.1 * 10(6), 2.8 * 10(6), 3.1 * 10(6) after 1, 30 and 60 days. Treated disks were effective in controlling the growth of @entity5132 for two months following water storage. CONCLUSION: Addition of tea tree oil to denture soft liner significantly reduced growth of @entity5132 suggesting a new form of intra oral effective antifungal management for @entity7606 .

title: Invitro Antifungal Evaluation of Denture Soft Liner Incorporated with Tea Tree Oil: A New Therapeutic Approach Towards XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['C.albicans', 'candida albicans']

entities_list: @entity7606 :: ('MESH:D013282', 'Disease') :: ['denture stomatitis']

answer: @entity7606 :: (MESH:D013282,Disease) :: ['Denture Stomatitis']


abstract: @entity5068 metabolism studies using a combination of isotopic and chromatographic procedures were carried out in two strains of @entity35 fed 5% @entity1068 (36% of calories) in the diet. Feeding @entity1068 to the Fisher @entity35 over 17 days produced no significant changes in body weight. @entity165 levels in various tissues were elevated in the @entity1068 -fed group: plasma @entity165 , +61%; liver @entity165 , +47%; and bile @entity165 , +57%. The @entity167 -fed Fisher @entity35 showed several changes in @entity5068 metabolism over controls: fecal acidic steroid output, +13%; fecal neutral @entity5068 output, +51%; endogenous neutral @entity5068 output, +107%; @entity165 turnover, +54%; and @entity165 balance, +18%. @entity1068 feeding to the @entity35 showed similar differences between @entity1068 -fed vs. control @entity35 . @entity165 levels were significantly elevated in plasma (+35%) and in the liver (+81%). @entity5068 metabolism data showed the following differences ( @entity167 vs. control): fecal acidic @entity134 output, +9%; fecal neutral @entity5068 output, +17%; endogenous neutral @entity5068 output, +72%; @entity165 turnover, +33%; and @entity165 balance +13%. The Fisher @entity35 maintained almost constant weight throughout the experimental period and is a preferable strain for @entity5068 balance studies using liquid diets. A major finding of these experiments was the increased concentration of @entity165 in liver, plasma, and bile in both strains of @entity35 . The @entity5068 balance measurements indicated that this tissue accumulation of @entity165 was due to enhanced @entity165 synthesis as well as inhibition of @entity6741 syntheses.

title: @entity5068 metabolism in the @entity35 : effect of XXXX on @entity5068 metabolism in two strains of @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity6741 :: ('CHEBI:3098', 'Chemical') :: ['bile acid']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague Dawley rat', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity5068 :: ('CHEBI:15889', 'Chemical') :: ['Sterol', 'sterol']

entities_list: @entity1068 :: ('MESH:D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethanol', 'ethanol']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholesterol', 'cholesterol']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We conducted a phase II study using @entity3003 and @entity2879 on @entity1 with recurrent @entity11 to investigate @entity5 response. METHODS: From January 1995 to March 1997, 21 @entity1 with recurrent @entity11 were treated with a @entity3003 (300 mg/m(2), day 1)/ @entity2879 (100 mg/m(2), days 1-3) regimen every 3-4 weeks. The following radiologic parameters were evaluated: @entity5 size, central lucency, degree of contrast enhancement, and mass effect. No @entity1 had received chemotherapy previously. Dose escalation corresponded to hematologic tolerance and to general and neurologic performance status. Most @entity1 were treated postoperatively with involved field radiotherapy followed by a boost to the @entity5 area, as defined on the presurgery computed tomography scan or on magnetic resonance imaging. Mean interval to introduction of chemotherapy was 8.8 months (range, 7-36 months). @entity1 received a mean of four cycles [range, 2-8 cycles]. RESULTS: Only 2 @entity1 showed moderate radiological response, while 12 @entity1 died of progressive disease. Mean time to progression following discontinuation of chemotherapy was 5.8 months (range, 1-11 months). The other @entity1 survived with persistent disease and are being treated palliatively. @entity137 was manageable (1, @entity1398 ; 1, @entity882 (45,000/mm(3)); 2, temporarily elevated transaminase level; 2, @entity134 -induced @entity3621 ). CONCLUSIONS: This phase II regimen proved to be ineffective in recurrent @entity11 . Further studies incorporating innovative drug regimens and schedules are warranted. J. Surg. Oncol., 1999;71:167-170.

title: @entity3003 and @entity2879 for recurrent XXXX following surgical and radiotherapy failure: A clinical study conducted at the Northern Israel Oncology Center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['malignant glioma']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic sepsis']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['erosive gastritis']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['malignant glioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We demonstrated that ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) lesions facilitate DNA synthesis, which reflects cell proliferation in abdominal organs, including the liver, pancreas, stomach, small intestine and large intestine, all of which are amply innervated by the vagal nerve. OBJECTIVE: To investigate which area DNA synthesis facilitates and what factors contribute to cell proliferation in the small intestine in VMH-lesioned @entity35 . DESIGN: At 7 days after @entity75 or sham operations, a segment of @entity35 jejunum was taken for histological examination. A part of the jejunum was also removed from VMH-lesioned and sham-operated @entity35 after 3 days and examined for @entity1603 ( @entity1603 ) incorporation. At 6, 12 and 24 h after @entity75 , the proximal intestine was removed from individual @entity35 , from the pylorus to the mid-jejunum. Total RNA was extracted from these tissues of each @entity35 , and the levels of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha mRNA were determined using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. @entity9773 mRNA levels were determined using Northern blotting. RESULTS: : Jejunal villi in VMH-lesioned @entity35 were markedly enlarged compared to those of sham-operated @entity35 and jejunal crypts in VMH-lesioned @entity35 more markedly incorporated @entity1603 . Northern blot analysis revealed an increase in @entity9774 mRNA after 6, 12 and 24 h in the jejunum of VMH-lesioned @entity35 . @entity4665 mRNA was decreased 6 and 12 h after VMH lesioning; however, it was significantly increased 24 h after @entity75 in comparison to sham-operated @entity35 . The levels of EGF and @entity18696 mRNA were unchanged in VMH lesioned @entity35 . CONCLUSION: @entity75 induced @entity1283 and increased the gene expression of @entity9774 in the small intestine. @entity2918 , probably E(2), induced by @entity9774 may be one candidate factor responsible for the cell proliferation of the small intestinal epithelium in these @entity35 .

title: XXXX induce jejunal epithelial cell hyperplasia through an increase in gene expression of cyclooxygenase.

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BrdU', "5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine"]

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['VMH lesions']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['enlargement of jejunal villi']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['Prostaglandins']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['Ventromedial hypothalamus lesions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess @entity341 ( @entity341 ) relatives' and @entity1 ' opinions on: (1) discussing @entity347 ( @entity347 ) with relatives soon after @entity341 death after @entity1167 and (2) acceptability of organ preservation procedures both before and after discussion with relatives. METHODS: Questionnaire study; convenience sample. RESULTS: 200 questionnaires were completed. 37.5% of @entity1 were male subjects; mean age was 40.4 (SD 16.9; range 15-85) years. There was no difference in the number willing to discuss @entity347 after @entity204 in intensive care unit compared with circulatory death in the @entity341 (72% vs 72%; p=0.146). The majority were willing to discuss @entity347 soon after @entity341 death after @entity1167 (106; 54%). 41 (21%) were not willing and 43 (22%) had no strong views (n=198). Organ preservation procedures (groin tube insertion, continuation of mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation and continuation of ventilator) were acceptable to between 48% and 57% of respondents if performed before discussion with family increasing to an acceptability of between 64% and 69% after discussion with family. One in four respondents felt these procedures were not acceptable regardless of the timing of discussion with family and some felt these procedures were more acceptable if the @entity1 was a registered organ donor. 122 (61%) @entity1 wished to donate their organs after death but only 59 (30%) were registered donors. CONCLUSIONS: (1) The majority of @entity1 and their relatives are not averse to @entity347 being discussed shortly after @entity341 death. (2) Organ preservation procedures are acceptable to many. Prior discussion and prior organ donor registration may improve acceptability.

title: Are the public ready for @entity347 after out of hospital XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['ED', 'Emergency Department']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['brainstem death']

entities_list: @entity347 :: ('MESH:D019965', 'Disease') :: ['organ donation', 'OD']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hand hygiene is considered as an important means of @entity281 control. We explored whether guided hand hygiene together with transmission-limiting behaviour reduces @entity281 episodes and lost days of work in a common work environment in an open cluster-randomized 3-arm intervention trial. METHODS: A total of 21 clusters (683 @entity1 ) were randomized to implement hand hygiene with soap and water (257 @entity1 ), with @entity167 -based hand rub (202 @entity1 ), or to serve as a control (224 @entity1 ). @entity1 in both intervention arms also received standardized instructions on how to limit the transmission of @entity281 . The intervention period (16 months) included the emergence of the 2009 @entity683 pandemic and the subsequent national hand hygiene campaign influencing also the control arm. RESULTS: In the total follow-up period there was a 6.7% reduction of @entity281 episodes in the soap-and water arm (p = 0.04). Before the onset of the anti-pandemic campaign, a statistically significant (p = 0.002) difference in the mean occurrence of @entity281 episodes was observed between the control (6.0 per year) and the soap-and-water arm (5.0 per year) but not between the control and the @entity167 -rub arm (5.6 per year). Neither intervention had a decreasing effect on absence from work. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that intensified hand hygiene using water and soap together with behavioural recommendations can reduce the occurrence of self-reported acute illnesses in common work environment. Surprisingly, the occurrence of reported sick leaves also increased in the soap-and water-arm. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00981877 SOURCE OF FUNDING: The Finnish Work Environment Fund and the National Institute for Health and Welfare.

title: Hand washing with soap and water together with behavioural recommendations prevents XXXX in common work environment: an open cluster-randomized trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infections']


abstract: The @entity1641 superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) functions as an energy store during high-speed gaits reducing the energetic cost of locomotion. To enable the SDFT to function effectively, the appropriate mechanical properties are essential. We tested the hypothesis that the SDFT does not undergo gross @entity1184 in response to high-intensity exercise whereas tendons not involved in energy storage undergo adaptive @entity1184 . Two groups (n = 6) of Thoroughbred fillies were trained at high-intensity on a high-speed @entity1641 treadmill for 5 months (short-term study) or 18 months (long-term study). Age-matched groups (n = 6) of @entity1641 undertook low-intensity exercise only for the same time period. Throughout the short-term study the SDFT and @entity427 ( @entity427 ) were ultrasonograpically scanned at mid-metacarpal level and cross-sectional area (CSA) calculated. At the end of the short-term study ( @entity1641 age = 2 years) and long-term study ( @entity1641 age = 3 years) the left SDFT, @entity427 , suspensory ligament (SL) and common digital extensor tendon (CDET) were harvested and CSA calculated. Comparison of the @entity427 from 2- and 3-year-old @entity1641 revealed an age-related increase in CSA which was confirmed by ultrasonographs. Post mortem analysis showed a significant @entity1184 of the CDET with high-intensity training in the short-term study (younger @entity1641 ). CSA did not differ significantly between training groups for any of the structures following long-term training. These results suggest a structure specific @entity1184 response to the imposed training regime.

title: Treadmill exercise-induced tendon XXXX : assessment of tendons with different mechanical functions.

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy', 'hypertrophic']

entities_list: @entity1641 :: ('9796', 'Species') :: ['horse', 'horses', 'equine']

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['DDFT', 'deep digital flexor tendon']

answer: @entity1184 :: (MESH:D006984,Disease) :: ['hypertrophy']