abstract: A small subgroup of @entity1 , whose parents have suffered a @entity299 in their late thirties and early forties, may be at particularly high @entity65 . University Hospital "Split" gives tertiary health care to some 700,000 @entity1 in southern Croatia and treats about 300 acute @entity583 per year, with a 3-5% share in the age under 45 years. This cross-sectional, clinical and laboratory study included all the @entity1 below the age limit of 45 years, treated for acute @entity583 between 1990 and 1995, complexively 55 of them, and their natural @entity1 , 97 all in all. The results were compared to those of a stratified @entity1 's sample taken from the population of the same region. The relative weight, blood pressure, and plasma @entity165 were significantly higher in these @entity1 than in the control group (p < 0.05). In 50 of these offspring (51.5%), in addition to the obviously positive family history, detected were further @entity65 factors, defined as values above the 95th distribution percentile for age and gender. The average blood pressure, relative weight and @entity165 levels were even higher in these, "risky" @entity1 than in the studied sample (p < 0.05), and much more elevated than in the matching control pupils (p < 0.001). The most often detected risk factors were elevated @entity165 (in 44%), arterial @entity101 (in 40%), @entity28 (in 32%), and smoking (in 24%). Most of the @entity1 (64%) had only one additional risk factor, while in the remaining 36% the most prevalent risk factors were overweight (in 14 out of 18) and arterial @entity101 (in 11 out of 18). It is concluded that @entity65 factor screening among @entity1 with a positive family history of premature @entity731 is appropriate and cost-effective.

title: Premature parental XXXX is heralding elevated risk in their offspring.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic complications']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart attack']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'myocardial infarctions']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular risk']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['heart attack']


abstract: Long-lasting and persistent @entity158 is a frequent consequence of spinal cord and @entity1545 . Several studies point to a significantly high proportion of @entity1 who experience @entity158 following the @entity130 . This chapter gives a brief overview of the prevalence, types of persistent @entity158 , animal models that study @entity158 outcomes, and the pertinent mechanisms that underlie the development of @entity9 following traumatic spinal cord and @entity1545 . @entity131 ( @entity131 ) and @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) impose a high personal, social, and economic burden of disability. Although not as common as @entity1643 , @entity131 and @entity1566 combined might have an equivalent economic impact mainly because of the young age of @entity1 , the severity of the associated disability, and the major limitations on daily activity (Ma et al., 2014). Research-based estimates of the prevalence of persistent @entity158 are variable and high in @entity1 with @entity1566 and @entity131 . Most studies indicate that about two-thirds of @entity1 with either @entity1566 or @entity131 will experience @entity158 after the injury (Nampiaparampil, 2008; Siddall et al., 2003; St  rmer et al., 1997; Uomoto and Esselman, 1993). @entity158 is consistently rated as one of the most difficult problems associated with these types of @entity130 (Nepomuceno et al., 1979; Rintala et al., 1998; Stensman, 1994; Westgren and Levi, 1998), hinders the ability to participate in rehabilitation programs (Widerstr  m-Noga et al., 1999), and is difficult to treat. @entity1118 delays the acquisition of an optimal level of activity (Nicholson Perry et al., 2009) and independence and adversely affects the @entity1    mood (Kennedy et al., 1997; Stroud et al., 2006). This chapter reviews and summarizes both clinical and experimental studies that focus on @entity1118 after @entity131 and @entity1566 . The emphasis will be in particular on the prevalence of @entity1118 in @entity1 with @entity131 and @entity1566 . We highlight the specific types of @entity158 that occur after injury. A survey of the different @entity75 and @entity1566 evaluating @entity158 as an outcome will be discussed. Finally, we will address the mechanisms responsible for the development of @entity1118 following @entity1566 and @entity131 .

title: @entity1118 in Neurotrauma: Implications on Spinal Cord and Traumatic XXXX

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'Traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['experimental animal models of brain']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic pain', 'chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity1545 :: (MESH:D020214,Disease) :: ['Brain Injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity788 is considered to have the worst @entity189 . The clinicopathological features of uncinate process @entity788 are poorly published. METHODOLOGY: We retrospectively studied @entity1 who underwent pancreaticodudenectomy (PD) for @entity788 . This study included three groups of @entity1 . Group A @entity1 with pure @entity788 (PPHC), group B @entity1 with combined head and uncinate process @entity189 (CPHUC) and group C @entity1 with pure uncinate process @entity189 (PUPC). Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative variables were collected. RESULTS: The study included 157 @entity1 . @entity1087 was the most common presenting symptoms in PPHC and CPHUC. @entity490 was the most common presenting symptoms in PUPC. The mean common bile duct (CBD) and pancreatic duct diameters were significantly smallest in PUPC group (P=0.0001). The venous invasion was significantly observed more in PUPC group and vascular resection was done in 50% of cases. The number of @entity1 with microscopically @entity41 was significantly highest in PUPC group after PD than in other two groups (P=0.001). Recurrence rate occurred in 54.2% in PUPC group, 34.8% in CPHUC group and 22.7% in PPUC group after PD (P=0.007). The median survival was 19 months in PPHC groups, 16 months in CPHUC group, 14 months in PUPC group (P= 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: PUPC presented with @entity490 with more vascular infiltration. The recurrence rate was common after PD for uncinate process @entity189 especially locoregional recurrence and the overall survival rate was found to be lower for PUPC.

title: Comparative study between uncinate process @entity189 and XXXX after pancreaticodudenectomy (clincopathological features and surgical outcomes).

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic head cancer', 'pancreatic head adenocarcinoma', 'pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic head carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['prognosis of the periampullary carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominal pain', 'abdominal pain']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic head carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine the prognosis of @entity174 of the mandibular condyle after closed treatment. METHODS: @entity1 (n = 144) with a @entity174 of the mandibular condyle, all treated closed, were included in the study. Fracture types and position of the @entity174 parts were determined on radiographs. Follow-up was after 12 months in which the average @entity158 , experienced during the last week (visual analog scale, 100 mm), and mandibular functioning were assessed (mandibular function impairment questionnaire (MFIQ)). RESULTS: Data of 116 (81%) @entity1 , 41 @entity1 (35%) and 75 @entity1 (65%), were available for analysis. @entity174 were most common (52%). @entity174 were present in 28% of the @entity1 . @entity158 (visual analog scale score >0) was found in 9% of the @entity1 . Impaired mandibular function was found in 40% (MFIQ >0) and 24% (MFIQ > or =4) of the @entity1 . The most important risk factor for @entity158 was being a @entity1 . The most important risk factors for function impairment were > or =25 years of age and gross displacement of the @entity174 parts. CONCLUSION: The overall prognosis of mandibular function and @entity158 after closed treatment of @entity174 is good. The most important risk factor for @entity158 persisting for 1 year after closed treatment of a condylar @entity174 is being a @entity1 . The most important risk factors for function impairment are an age of > or =25 years and gross displacement of the @entity174 parts.

title: Function impairment and XXXX after closed treatment of @entity174 of the mandibular condyle.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'woman', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'condylar fractures', 'Condylar neck fractures', 'fracture', 'Bilateral fractures']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of @entity2973 and @entity28 among @entity1 health service workers. @entity1 AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted during the 2002-2003 period. We included 487 workers of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social in Colima, Mexico. We carried out a clinical measurement of weight and height. The indicator of @entity2973 and @entity28 was obtained from the body mass index, that is, a @entity1 's weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. The used criteria were similar to the ones established by the WHO: well-nourished (BMI from 18.5 to 24.9), @entity2973 (BMI from 25.0 to 29.9), and @entity28 (BMI = 30). The obtained data were captured in a computer terminal and processed by means of an automated model. We calculated the frequencies distribution and the prevalence. RESULTS: Of the 487 @entity1 , 121 (25%) had an appropriate weight, 210 (43%) showed @entity2973 , and 156 (32%) had @entity28 . CONCLUSIONS: The @entity2973 and @entity28 prevalence among the @entity1 health service workers was of 75%.

title: [Overweight and @entity28 among health-professional XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PATIENTS', 'person']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity2973 :: ('MESH:D050177', 'Disease') :: ['overweight']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: The mechanism of unidirectional retrograde atrioventricular (AV) @entity616 remains largely unknown. In this study, factors determining the reversal of the unidirectional block by @entity3897 were evaluated in 12 @entity1 who had no demonstrable ventriculoatrial (VA) conduction during ventricular pacing. Six @entity1 demonstrated 1:1 VA conduction after @entity3897 (group I), while the remaining six @entity1 continued to show @entity616 (group II). During the control study there was no significant difference in the sinus cycle length and AH interval between the two groups. The percent decrease in sinus cycle length after @entity3897 was also similar in groups I and II (i.e., 23 +/- 12 and 26 +/- 6, respectively). The effect on antegrade AV nodal conduction (i.e., the percent decrease in AH interval), however, was significantly greater in group I (24 +/- 9) as compared to group II (9 +/- 5) (p less than 0.004). The onset of VA conduction appeared to correlate with the improvement of antegrade conduction. The ratio of these two effects of @entity3897 (i.e., percent decrease in AH interval to percent decrease in sinus cycle length) was higher when VA conduction was first demonstrated in group I (2.3 +/- 1.1) than at the maximal effect of @entity3897 (1.2 +/- 0.3), reflecting a relatively greater decrease in sinus cycle length. Three of six group I @entity1 redeveloped @entity616 at maximal effect of @entity3897 . The results suggest a functional and dynamic nature of the unidirectional AV @entity616 , possibly caused by vagal influence exaggerating the well-known directional asymmetry of AV nodal conduction in @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Unidirectional retrograde atrioventricular @entity616 in XXXX : determinants of reversibility by vagal antagonism.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['nodal block', 'VA block']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['man']


abstract: Low serum albumin level is associated with poor functional outcome and predicting a greater functional decline in the elderly. The aim of this study is to determine the interrelation between change of serum albumin level during rehabilitation period and functional outcome in @entity173 @entity1 . We studied 433 consecutive elderly @entity173 @entity1 admitted for rehabilitation. Functional outcome was assessed by the @entity177 ( @entity177 ) at admission and discharge of @entity1 with no @entity1017 (<0 g/dl) or with positive @entity1017 (>or=0 g/dl). Data were analyzed by t-test, Pearson correlation, chi(2)-test and linear regression. Of @entity1 66.7% showed no @entity1017 . These @entity1 had a higher prevalence of previous @entity64 (p=0.04), lower Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores (p=0.05) and were less likely to have @entity407 (p=0.008) compared with @entity1 with albumin gains. Admission and discharge @entity177 parameters and total and motor @entity177 gain/day were statistically significantly lower among @entity1 with no @entity1017 . In a linear regression analysis total @entity177 at discharge was inversely associated with pre- @entity174 function (beta=-0.148; p<0.001), Albumin gain (beta=0.047; p=0.005), high MMSE score (beta=0.143; p<0.001), and higher admission total @entity177 score (beta=0.69; p<0.001) emerged as significant predictors of higher total @entity177 scores upon discharge. The results suggest that @entity1 with @entity1017 have better admission and discharge @entity177 scores. Albumin gain emerged as a significant predictor for higher discharge @entity177 scores. We conclude that greater attention and efforts should be made regarding the dietary intervention and protein supplementation, in order to improve the rehabilitation outcome.

title: Rehabilitation outcome of XXXX @entity1 : the importance of a positive @entity1017 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['FIM', 'Functional Independence Measure']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fracture']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['albumin gain']

answer: @entity173 :: (MESH:D006620,Disease) :: ['hip fracture']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We assessed the effect of a transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) program and Heart Team concept on our approach to severe isolated @entity472 ( @entity472 ) with regard to surgical practice, @entity1 selection, perioperative outcomes, 1-year survival, and AVR volume. TAVR program began in August 2011. @entity1 having isolated surgical AVR between January 2008 and August 2011, when the program began (n = 282, 42 months), were compared with those after the program began until February 2015 (n = 344, surgical AVR and n = 126, TAVR, 42 months). Isolated surgical AVR accounted for 21% of all valve procedures (isolated and concomitant) before and after the TAVR program. However, the volume of all isolated AVR (surgical and transcatheter) increased to 27% of all valve procedures (isolated and concomitant) after the TAVR program implementation. Mean Society Of Thoracic Surgeons (STS)-predicted mortality risk was similar among @entity1 who had surgical AVR pre-TAVR and post-TAVR implementation (2.3% vs 2.1%, P = 0.227), but addition of @entity1 who had TAVR (STS risk = 7.1%) increased STS-predicted risk for all isolated AVR (surgical and transcatheter) procedures (2.3% vs 3.4%, P < 0.001). A similar trend was found for age, including a slight decrease in octogenarians for surgical AVR post-TAVR (18% vs 13%, P = 0.084). Operative mortality for isolated surgical AVR was similar in pre-TAVR and post-TAVR (2.1% vs 1.8%, P = 0.798), as were observed/expected (O/E) ratios (0.91 vs 0.82). For all isolated AVR, O/E ratio was 0.91 pre-TAVR and 0.82 post-TAVR (n = 470), including O/E = 0.79 for @entity1 who had TAVR. No changes were found in proportion of isolated surgical AVR cases or @entity1 risk and outcomes after introduction of TAVR program and Heart Team. However, volume of @entity1 with severe @entity472 treated increased significantly post-TAVR. Our results reflect growing awareness of TAVR availability and accompanying increases in @entity1 referred to our Heart Team for @entity472 treatment.

title: The Effect of Initiation of a Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Program in the Treatment of Severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'symptomatic aortic stenosis']

answer: @entity472 :: (MESH:D001024,Disease) :: ['Aortic Stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Helicopter transport may shorten transport time to neurosurgical intervention; however, there is little data regarding its utility for non-traumatic emergencies. METHODS: Pre-hospital and hospital records of all @entity1 transferred via helicopter to Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center for spontaneous @entity510 between January 2007- December 2011 were reviewed. Primary outcome measure was emergent tertiary-level care intervention, defined as ventriculostomy, conventional angiography, endovascular treatment, or craniotomy within three hours of arrival. RESULTS: Fifty-one @entity1 met inclusion criteria. Median helicopter transport time, defined as time from telephone referral to arrival, was 97 minutes (range 61-214 minutes). Fifteen @entity1 underwent intervention within 3 hours of arrival (29%), 19 between 3 and 6 hours (37%), 9 between 6 to 12 hours (18%), and 11 greater than 12 hours after arrival (16%). Univariate analysis of pre-transfer clinical and radiographic findings showed significant correlations between GCS less than 15 (OR 22.8, 95%CI 4.2-122.5), WFNS scale greater than 2 (OR 46.75, 95%CI 7.511-290.99), presence of @entity548 (OR 4.7, 95%CI 1.3-17.5), and intubation (OR 12.4, 95%CI 2.9-51.8) with emergent intervention. On logistic multivariate regression analysis, GCS less than 15 and WFNS scale greater than 2 independently predicted emergent intervention. CONCLUSIONS: A majority of @entity1 with spontaneous @entity510 who were transferred by inter-facility helicopter ambulance did not require emergent intervention. GCS less than 15 at an outside hospital was independently associated with emergent intervention on multivariate analysis.

title: Pre-hospital Glasgow Coma Score predicts emergent intervention following helicopter transfer for spontaneous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraparenchymal hemorrhage']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']


abstract: 1 Intracellular recordings were made from smooth muscle cells of the @entity19 vas deferens. Excitatory junction potentials (e.j.ps) were evoked by stimulation of the intramural nerves. 2 @entity34636 (50 nM-5muM) depressed the amplitude of the e.j.p. The ED50 was 430 nM. The latency of the e.j.p. and the resting membrane potential of the smooth muscle cells were unaffected by @entity34636 . 3 The @entity308 of the e.j.p. by narcotic analgesic drugs was stereospecific. 4 @entity1510 (100 nM) completely reversed the @entity308 of the e.j.p. produced by @entity34636 (1 muM). @entity1510 (100 nM) alone did not alter the amplitude of the e.j.p. 5 @entity34636 (1 muM) did not prevent the depolarization of the smooth muscle cells produced by exogenous @entity1063 (10 muM). 6 It is concluded that narcotic analgesic drugs act directly upon the transmitter release sites to reduce the amount of @entity1063 liberated by each nerve impulse.

title: XXXX by morphine of excitatory junction potentials in the vas deferens of the @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['Naloxone']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity34636 :: ('MESH:C010616', 'Chemical') :: ['Normorphine', 'normorphine']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Depression']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies of @entity1 brain development have consistently shown widespread, but nonlinear increases in white matter anisotropy through childhood, adolescence, and into adulthood. However, despite its sensitivity to changes in tissue microstructure, DTI lacks the specificity to disentangle distinct microstructural features of white and gray matter. Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) is a recently proposed multi-compartment biophysical model of brain microstructure that can estimate non-collinear properties of white matter, such as neurite orientation dispersion index (ODI) and @entity527 ( @entity527 ). In this study, we apply NODDI to 66 healthy controls aged 7-63 years to investigate changes of ODI and @entity527 with brain maturation, with comparison to standard DTI metrics. Using both region-of-interest and voxel-wise analyses, we find that @entity527 exhibits striking increases over the studied age range following a logarithmic growth pattern, while ODI rises following an exponential growth pattern. This novel finding is consistent with well-established age-related changes of FA over the lifespan that show growth during childhood and adolescence, plateau during early adulthood, and accelerating decay after the fourth decade of life. Our results suggest that the rise of FA during the first two decades of life is dominated by increasing @entity527 , while the fall in FA after the fourth decade is driven by the exponential rise of ODI that overcomes the slower increases of @entity527 . Using partial least squares regression, we further demonstrate that NODDI better predicts chronological age than DTI. Finally, we show excellent test-retest reliability of NODDI metrics, with coefficients of variation below 5% in all measured regions of interest. Our results support the conclusion that NODDI reveals biologically specific characteristics of brain development that are more closely linked to the microstructural features of white matter than are the empirical metrics provided by DTI.

title: White Matter Changes of Neurite Density and Fiber Orientation Dispersion during XXXX Brain Maturation.

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['neurite density index', 'NDI']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: The aim of this study is to define the burden of @entity55 requiring hospitalization among adults in Lazio region from 1997 to 1999 and to describe the characteristic of community acquired ( @entity9527 ), suspected nosocomial (NP) and in @entity791 . The data source is the hospital discharge register. 30517 incident episodes of @entity55 hospitalization occurred in the three years period, 20497 @entity9527 , 9760 NP and 964 in @entity791 of which 704 supposed to be acquired in hospital; the mean age is 65, 69 and 38 years respectively. Standardized hospitalization rates for @entity9527 do not show a clear geographical pattern, while for NPs and in @entity791 they are higher in the city of Rome than in the rest of the region. There are peaks of incidence during the winter for CAPs and NPs but not for @entity791 . Only 20% of @entity55 have etiological diagnosis. The proportional analysis of aetiological agents shows: pneumococcus, @entity2782 , staphylococci and @entity683 ; the most frequent comorbidities are: circulatory diseases, @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ), @entity5 and @entity6 . 3.9% of individuals in the study with @entity9527 or NP had more than one episode of @entity55 during the study period, for those with @entity55 in @entity791 this percentage was 14.8. In-hospital lethality is 9.4%, 29.3% and 11.2% for @entity9527 , NP and in @entity791 , respectively. Data from the hospital discharge registers can be used to give a cheap and rapid glimpse to the epidemiology of pathologies frequently requiring hospitalisation neglected from more analytical surveillance systems or registries.

title: [Hospitalization for XXXX in adults. Lazio, 1997-1999].

entities_list: @entity2782 :: ('MESH:D011552', 'Disease') :: ['pseudomonas']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia', 'pneumonias']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['AIDS pneumonia', 'AIDS']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pneumonia']


abstract: From 1981 to 1987, 62 @entity1 with @entity1165 and associated @entity944 required treatment after unsuccessful initial medical therapy (51 @entity1 ) and previous surgical therapy (11 @entity1 ). Surgical options included direct revascularization (group I, 11 @entity1 ), endocardial resection (group II, 7 @entity1 ), @entity299 (group III, 18 @entity1 ), and these combinations of operations: revascularization and endocardial resection (group IV, 18 @entity1 ), revascularization and insertion of @entity299 (group V, 5 @entity1 ), and endocardial resection and insertion of @entity299 (group VI, 3 @entity1 ). Five underwent repeat revascularization (4) or endocardial resection (4) with mitral valve replacement (1) or papillary muscle reconstruction (2). The overall operative mortality of 8.1% (5/62) has been acceptable (2.8% or 1/36 for the simple procedures [groups I, II, and III] and 15.4% or 4/26 for the combined procedures [IV, V, and VI]; p less than 0.074). Operative risk factors included recent @entity583 (4/5 @entity204 ) and depressed ejection fraction of 23% or less (5/5 @entity204 ). These operative risks were highest in group IV and, thus, the highest mortality was in group IV (4/18 @entity1 or 22%, p less than 0.022). Six late @entity204 (4 @entity1 in group III) brought the overall survival rate to 82% or 51/62 @entity1 at a mean follow-up of 30 months. Surgical treatment of @entity944 requires a planned, combined operative approach, since initial medical or surgical failures can occur. The optimal surgical approach requires complete revascularization, resection of the localized subendocardial arrhythmogenic focus, and ventricular reconstruction. An @entity10804 is a palliative alternative for less favorable surgical anatomy and for @entity1 who are poor operative candidates for these combined or reoperative procedures.

title: Surgical options for treating @entity1165 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death ventricular tachyarrhythmias', 'sudden death']

entities_list: @entity10804 :: ('MESH:C537069', 'Disease') :: ['automatic defibrillator']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['automatic internal cardiac defibrillators', 'cardiac defibrillator']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity944 :: (MESH:D003645,Disease) :: ['sudden death']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The development of @entity472 is not only associated with @entity730 and extracellular matrix remodeling, but also with @entity32 . The aim of this study was to determine the role of proinflammatory signaling through the leukotriene (LT) pathway in @entity472 . METHODS AND RESULTS: After macroscopic dissection of surgically removed @entity1 aortic valves, RNA was extracted from 311 preparations derived from 68 @entity1 to differentiate normal, thickened, and calcified areas from each cusp. Subsequently, quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to correlate gene expression patterns with preoperative echocardiographic parameters. The messenger RNA levels of the LT-forming enzyme @entity1437 increased 1.6- and 2.2-fold in thickened and calcified tissue, respectively, compared with normal areas of the same valves. In thickened tissues, messenger RNA levels for @entity1437 (r= -0.35; P=0.03), its activating protein @entity1437 activating protein; r= -0.39; P=0.02), and @entity19960 (r= -0.48; P=0.01) correlated inversely with the velocity-time integral ratio. In addition, @entity19960 transcripts correlated inversely with aortic valve area, indexed for body surface area (r= -0.52; P=0.007). Immunohistochemical stainings revealed LT receptor expression on valvular myofibroblasts. In primary cultures of @entity1 myofibroblasts derived from stenotic aortic valves, @entity223 (LTC(4)) increased intracellular @entity460 , enhanced reactive @entity26 species production, reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential, and led to morphological cell cytoplasm changes and @entity730 . CONCLUSIONS: The upregulation of the LT pathway in @entity1 @entity472 and its correlation with clinical @entity850 severity, taken together with the potentially detrimental LT-induced effects on valvular myofibroblasts, suggests one possible role of @entity32 in the development of @entity472 .

title: Upregulation of the @entity1437 pathway in @entity1 aortic valves correlates with severity of XXXX and leads to leukotriene-induced effects on valvular myofibroblasts.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1437 :: ('240', 'Gene') :: ['(5-lipoxygenase', '5-lipoxygenase']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity223 :: ('MESH:D017997', 'Chemical') :: ['Leukotriene C(4)']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis', 'aortic valve stenosis']

entities_list: @entity19960 :: ('4048', 'Gene') :: ['LTA(4) hydrolase', 'leukotriene A(4) hydrolase']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Epiphrenic @entity7261 of the esophagus are often associated with a concomitant @entity1208 , which is thought to be the cause of the diverticulum and some of the @entity1 's symptoms. At one time @entity7261 were best removed via a left thoracotomy, but now the operation can be performed laparoscopically in most cases. We hypothesized that: (1) a @entity1957 is the underlying cause of the diverticulum; and (2) optimal treatment consists of laparoscopic resection of the diverticulum, a Heller myotomy, and @entity2911 fundoplication. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of a prospectively collected database from a university hospital tertiary care center. Between June 1994 and December 2002, we evaluated 21 @entity1 with @entity7261 . An associated @entity1319 of the esophagus was found in 81% of @entity1 ( @entity1318 , 9%; diffuse esophageal @entity2473 , 24%; nonspecific @entity4423 , 24%; nutcracker esophagus, 24%). Seven (33%) of these @entity1 , all with @entity4423 , were referred for treatment. The laparoscopic operation entailed resection of the diverticulum (using an endoscopic stapler), a Heller myotomy, and a @entity2911 fundoplication. RESULTS: All operations were completed laparoscopically. The postoperative course of 6 @entity1 was uneventful and they left the hospital after 72 +/- 21 hours. In 1 @entity1 an acute @entity357 developed, which was repaired on the second postoperative day. Late follow-up (median 57 months) showed that all 7 @entity1 were asymptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: These data support the conclusions that: (1) a primary @entity4423 is the underlying cause of most @entity7261 ; and (2) laparoscopic treatment is successful and should be the method of choice. The diverticular neck can be exposed satisfactorily from the abdomen; a stapler inserted from this angle is better orientated to transect the neck than one inserted through a thoracoscopic approach. Furthermore, the myotomy and fundoplication are much more easily performed from the abdomen than from alternative approaches.

title: Cause and treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1318 :: ('MESH:D004931', 'Disease') :: ['achalasia']

entities_list: @entity7261 :: ('MESH:D004240', 'Disease') :: ['epiphrenic diverticula', 'diverticula']

entities_list: @entity357 :: ('MESH:D006551', 'Disease') :: ['paraesophageal hernia']

entities_list: @entity1957 :: ('MESH:D019957', 'Disease') :: ['motor disorder']

entities_list: @entity1208 :: ('MESH:D004935', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal motor disorder']

entities_list: @entity4423 :: ('MESH:D015154', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal motility disorder', 'esophageal dysmotility']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['motility disorder']

answer: @entity7261 :: (MESH:D004240,Disease) :: ['epiphrenic diverticula']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine predictors for surgical outcome in the presurgical assessment of @entity4940 . METHODS: Thirty seven @entity1 were operated on for @entity4940 between 1975 and 1996. Their medical records were reviewed for ictal semiology, age at onset, duration of the @entity302 , age at operation, preoperative interictal and ictal encephalographic findings, and abnormalities on neuroimaging and neuropsychological testing. In addition, type of resection and pathology were compared with surgical outcome. RESULTS: Univariate statistical analysis showed that the presence of a focal abnormality on neuroimaging was associated with favourable outcome. The presence of the following ictal findings was associated with poor outcome: autonomic manifestations, eye deviation, head version contralateral to the operated side, and bilateral or multifocal ictal onset. Fifteen @entity1 had secondarily generalised interictal discharges and, interestingly, their presence was not associated with poor outcome. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the presence of a focal abnormality on neuroimaging was significantly associated with a favourable outcome while contralateral head version was the only variable significantly associated with poor surgical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: A focal abnormality on neuroimaging was the only variable which was significantly associated with a favourable surgical outcome, whereas contralateral head version was the most significant predictor for a poor outcome. The presence of generalised discharges before surgery was not associated with poor outcome.

title: Prognostic factors in presurgical assessment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity4940 :: ('MESH:D017034', 'Disease') :: ['frontal lobe epilepsy']

answer: @entity4940 :: (MESH:D017034,Disease) :: ['frontal lobe epilepsy']


abstract: @entity2819 ( @entity46188 ) is a glucocorticoid produced by adrenal glands under the control of the @entity2339 . Circulating @entity46188 can enter the central nervous system and be reduced to neuroactive 3a5a-reduced @entity230 , which modulate GABAA receptors. In the dorsal spinal cord, GABAergic transmission modulates integration of nociceptive information. It has been shown that enhancing spinal inhibitory transmission alleviates @entity1931 and @entity1931 . Therefore, the spinal neuronal network is a pivotal target to counteract @entity158 symptoms. Thus, any increase in spinal 3a5a-reduced @entity134 production enhancing GABAergic inhibition should reduce nociceptive message integration and the @entity158 response. Previously, it has been shown that high levels of plasma glucocorticoids give rise to @entity1337 . However, to our knowledge, nothing has been reported regarding direct non-genomic modulation of neuronal spinal activity by peripheral @entity46188 . In the present study, we used combined in vivo and in vitro electrophysiology approaches, associated with measurement of nociceptive mechanical sensitivity and plasma @entity46188 level measurement, to assess the impact of circulating @entity46188 on @entity35 nociception. We showed that @entity46188 plasma level elevation produced @entity1337 via a reduction in @entity7183 -mediated spinal responses. In the spine, @entity46188 is reduced to the neuroactive metabolite @entity27860 , which specifically enhances lamina II GABAergic synaptic transmission. The main consequence is a reduction in lamina II network excitability, reflecting a selective decrease in the processing of nociceptive inputs. The depressed neuronal activity at the spinal level then, in turn, leads to weaker nociceptive message transmission to supraspinal structures and hence to alleviation of @entity158 .

title: @entity2819 XXXX is mediated by the spinal production of neuroactive metabolites that enhance GABAergic inhibitory transmission on dorsal horn @entity35 neurons.

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia', 'allodynia']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['Corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity27860 :: ('MESH:C009413', 'Chemical') :: ['allotetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone']

answer: @entity1337 :: (MESH:D000699,Disease) :: ['analgesia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: ABO autoantibodies are rare. Most reported examples have been antibodies with 4 degrees C titers not greater than 256 in @entity1 without apparent @entity5714 . Most high-titer, high-thermal-amplitude, complement-activating cold agglutinins are associated with @entity5714 . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A 52-year-old @entity1 presented with acrocyanosis and mild @entity21374 , but no evidence of obvious @entity5714 . Regular plasmapheresis treatment was helpful in relieving the clinical symptoms associated with acrocyanosis. Serologic methods were used to study the @entity1 's RBCs and sera. RESULTS: The @entity1 's RBCs were strongly reactive with anti-C3 and anti-IgM and weakly reactive with anti-IgA. The patient's serum contained a high-titer, high-thermal-amplitude, IgMkappa autoanti-B, capable of activating complement in vitro. CONCLUSION: A @entity1 with a powerful ABO autoantibody is described. This @entity1 had acrocyanosis but did not appear to have an obvious @entity5714 . This case is a good example of the lack of correlation between in vitro serologic tests and in vivo reactions in individual @entity1 .

title: A high-titer, high-thermal-amplitude autoanti-B associated with acrocyanosis but no obvious XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity21374 :: ('MESH:C564372', 'Disease') :: ['small-vessel brain disease']

entities_list: @entity5714 :: ('MESH:D000743', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic anemia']

answer: @entity5714 :: (MESH:D000743,Disease) :: ['hemolytic anemia']


abstract: Activation of FGFR signaling through mutations, amplifications, or fusions involving @entity7167 , 2, 3, or 4 is seen in @entity5 , including lung, bladder, and @entity201 . Currently, several clinical trials are evaluating the role of novel FGFR inhibitors in solid @entity5 . As we move forward with FGFR inhibitors clinically, we anticipate the emergence of resistance with treatment. Consequently, we sought to study the mechanism(s) of acquired resistance to FGFR inhibitors using annotated @entity5 cell lines. We identified @entity5 cell lines that have activating mutations in @entity7167 , 2, or 3 and treated them chronically with the selective FGFR inhibitor, @entity40617 . We observed resistance to chronic @entity40617 exposure in @entity1 ( @entity151 , @entity7167 amplification) and RT112 ( @entity189 , @entity2557 fusion/amplification) cell lines based on viability assays. Reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) analysis showed increased phosphorylation of @entity584 (T308 and S473) and its downstream target GSK3 (S9 and S21) in both the resistant cell lines when compared with matching controls. Results of RPPA were confirmed using immunoblots. Consequently, the addition of an @entity584 inhibitor ( @entity69413 ) or siRNA was able to restore sensitivity to @entity40617 in resistant cell lines. These data suggest a role for @entity584 pathway in mediating acquired resistance to FGFR inhibition. Mol Cancer Ther; 1-11.   2017 AACR.

title: XXXX Activation Mediates Acquired Resistance to Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor @entity40617 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['multiple tumors', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small-cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity584 :: (207,Gene) :: ['Akt']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We present a treatment for recurrent, symptomatic @entity843 in @entity1 with @entity5 . This report summarizes our experience with percutaneous tunneled peritoneal catheters in 24 @entity1 . SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Of the 40 consecutive @entity1 who presented with at least four therapeutic paracenteses in a 4-week period, 24 @entity1 underwent the percutaneous tunneled procedure. All had @entity5 . RESULTS: All 24 @entity1 had successful insertion of a permanent tunneled peritoneal drainage catheter. Eighteen were outpatients and six were inpatients. All @entity1 were relieved of their clinical symptoms, including @entity1661 and @entity1353 , and were relieved of lower extremity discomfort. The mean life span after catheter placement was 7.2 weeks. Twenty (83%) of the 24 @entity1 were treated at home with their catheters in place. Three @entity1 experienced minor complications from @entity298 , which responded to antibiotics. One @entity1 had to have his catheter removed. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous placement of specialized tunneled catheters appears to be a viable and safe technique in @entity1 who have symptomatic @entity843 that require frequent therapeutic paracentesis for relief of symptoms.

title: Tunneled peritoneal catheter placement under sonographic and fluoroscopic guidance in the palliative treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant ascites', 'malignant disease']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal distention']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial peritonitis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant ascites']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Evidence supports the validity of individual components of the @entity458 model in the context of @entity1118 . However, there is a need to test the inter-relationships amongst measures of individual components of @entity458 in a more integrative manner. In particular, research is needed to examine whether a model with discrete facets as proposed is indeed reflected in data from currently used assessment measures in @entity1 with @entity1118 . PURPOSE: This cross-sectional study investigated the underlying structure of measures of processes of @entity458 amongst individuals with @entity1118 and the associations between this measurement model and @entity1 functioning. METHODS: Five-hundred and seventy-three adults with @entity1118 completed measures of @entity158 , physical and social functioning, mental health, @entity308 and processes of @entity458 , including acceptance, @entity73 , decentering and committed action. Confirmatory factor analyses tested lower-order, higher-order and bifactor models to examine the structure of @entity458 process measures. RESULTS: A single general factor reflecting @entity1538 explained variability in items across all of the @entity458 process measures. In addition to this general factor, distinct decentering and committed action group factors emerged in the data. As expected, the general factor was strongly correlated with measures of social functioning, mental health and @entity308 . CONCLUSIONS: Future research is needed to determine the most useful means by which the presence of the general factor can be reflected in the measurement and theory of @entity458 .

title: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Facets of Psychological Flexibility in a Sample of @entity1 Seeking Treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive defusion']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological flexibility']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['Chronic Pain']


abstract: Previous studies have shown that laparoscopic interventions are associated with increases in intracranial pressure. However, the consequences on cerebral blood flow (CBF) are unknown. This study investigates the effects of @entity544 ( @entity515 ) @entity516 on CBF in @entity1707 . Ten @entity1707 (weight, 20-26 kg) were anesthetized with 1.4% @entity5161 and @entity3575 (1 microg/kg per minute). Mechanical ventilation (fraction of inspired @entity26 = 0.4) was set to maintain normocapnia (end-tidal @entity515 tension = 35 mm Hg). Arterial and central venous catheters were placed for measurement of mean arterial blood pressure and central venous pressure. Bilateral internal carotid artery blood flow was measured using two transient time flow probes placed around both carotid arteries (with ligated external carotid arteries). Cortical and subcortical cerebral blood flow was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry. Sagittal sinus pressure was measured via a superior sagittal sinus catheter. After baseline measurements, the peritoneal cavity of the animals was insufflated with @entity515 to achieve an intraabdominal pressure of 12-mm Hg. After 10 minutes of stable @entity515 , @entity516 measurements were repeated. Increases in central venous pressure (6.3 +/- 2.1 to 11.1 +/- 3.0 mm Hg) and sagittal sinus pressure (8.0 +/- 2.8 to 11.9 +/- 3.0 mm Hg) were noted during @entity515 @entity516 (P < .05). Bilateral internal carotid artery blood flow (46.0 +/- 7.4 vs 47.7 +/- 7.1 mL/100g per minute), cortical CBF (263 +/- 115 vs 259 +/- 158 tissue perfusion units), and subcortical CBF (131 +/- 145 vs 133 +/- 149 tissue perfusion units) did not change during @entity515 @entity516 . The current data show that @entity515 @entity516 increases sagittal sinus pressure without changing CBF. Increases in sagittal sinus pressure are likely related to @entity4798 caused by increases in intraabdominal pressure.

title: Effects of XXXX @entity516 on cerebral hemodynamics in @entity1707 .

entities_list: @entity4798 :: ('MESH:D020520', 'Disease') :: ['decreases in cerebral venous drainage']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity516 :: ('MESH:D011027', 'Disease') :: ['pneumoperitoneum']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

answer: @entity544 :: (MESH:D002245,Chemical) :: ['carbon dioxide']


abstract: @entity1 with the clinical syndrome of @entity9160 as a result of Toxocara species have typical @entity409 , consisting of palisading @entity738 that contain numerous eosinophils and often Charcot-Leyden crystals; recognizable parasites are uncommon. Similar @entity1712 that are found incidentally in adults often cause diagnostic problems. To define better the clinical, laboratory, and pathologic features of these lesions, we reviewed 43 cases of hepatic @entity1712 (excluding cases of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis) collected in the files of the AFIP over a period of 31 years. The @entity1712 were found in @entity1 of all ages (range 12 months to 77 years); 30% were younger than 20 years. There were 26 male and 17 female @entity1 . Most @entity1 (26 of 43; 60%) were asymptomatic, and the lesions were discovered incidentally. Others had @entity221 (20%) or @entity490 (20%). The @entity738 were typically multiple (61%), with central @entity39 surrounded by a mixed inflammatory infiltrate with numerous eosinophils and variable numbers of neutrophils. lymphocytes, and a palisade of epithelioid histiocytes and/or giant cells. Charcot-Leyden crystals were present in 19 cases (44%). Remnants of parasites (eight Toxocara sp., two Capillaria sp.) were identified in the tissue in 10 @entity1 . There was a positive serologic test for Toxocara sp. in five additional cases. Immunohistochemical staining using polyclonal antiserum against @entity5603 larvae demonstrated positivity in macrophages in eight of 13 cases tested. We conclude that identification of an @entity1712 in the liver should suggest the diagnosis of @entity9160 and prompt a search for the causative organism with serial sectioning of the block and serologic tests for Toxocara and other causative parasites.

title: XXXX : a characteristic lesion with relationship to @entity9160 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic granuloma', 'eosinophilic granulomas']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['lesions in the liver and other viscera']

entities_list: @entity5603 :: ('6265', 'Species') :: ['Toxocara canis']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity9160 :: ('MESH:D007816', 'Disease') :: ['visceral larva migrans']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['Eosinophilic granuloma of the liver']


abstract: @entity5 growth and @entity3 are determined by the complex interplay of factors, including those @entity5 cells and extrinsic factors associated with the @entity5 microenvironment. Our previous work demonstrated key roles for @entity22416 in the maintenance of vascular integrity and eosinophil and mast cell homing. Since both of these functions affect @entity5 development, we characterized the effect of @entity22416 ablation on @entity5 growth using the B16F1 @entity320 model. Intriguingly, we found that @entity22416 plays a biphasic role in @entity5 progression. In early growth, both subcutaneous-injected @entity5 and intravenous-injected lung metastases grew more slowly in @entity22416 (-/-) @entity19 . This correlated with abnormal vessel morphology and increased vascular permeability in these @entity19 . Bone marrow transplantation experiments confirmed that this reflects a non-hematopoietic function of @entity22416 . At later stages, subcutaneous @entity5 growth was accelerated in @entity22416 (-/-) @entity19 and surpassed growth in wildtype @entity19 . Bone marrow chimera experiments demonstrated this difference was due to a hematopoietic function for @entity22416 and, correspondingly we found @entity5 mast cell numbers in @entity22416 (-/-) @entity19 . In aggregate, our analysis reveals a novel role for @entity22416 in both early and late @entity5 growth and provides novel insights into the role of the @entity5 microenvironment in @entity5 progression.

title: Opposing roles for XXXX in B16 @entity320 growth alter early stage vasculature and late stage immune cell infiltration.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'reduced intra-tumor', 'intrinsic to tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity22416 :: (12490(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['CD34']


abstract: The analysis of clusters of @entity1496 -scarce states formation among the @entity1 's population of the Saratov Region is submitted. The hygienic assessment of @entity1496 content in raw food materials and foodstuffs grown up and made on the territory of the Saratov Region is given. It has been revealed that various food groups were characterized by a low @entity1496 content, which was (mcg/100 g) in the bread--4.5 +/- 1.0; 3,6 +/- 0.8 in @entity3505 grain; 2.7 +/- 0.6 in buckwheat; 2.5 +/- 1.1 in beans; 1.95 +/- 0.9 in @entity3587 . The actual @entity1496 content in local vegetables and fruits was 1.3-1.6 fold below than the standard chemical composition according to the national tables, in river fish--twice. The quality analysis of the iodated salt sold in the trading network has been carried out. It has been found out that the use of the iodated salt with low @entity1496 content has decreased the additional direct population risk from 12.34% in 2000 to 0.48% in 2010. For the last few years the use of the iodated salt tends to increase in the Saratov Region. In 2011 the iodated salt was used by 37.2% of urban population and 29.0% of villagers. In 2011 88.6% of school students were provided with the iodated salt in educational institutions of the area. It has been shown that the formation of mass @entity1496 -scarce states among the population in the Saratov Region has lasted for a long time. The screening researches of urine excretion in the organized groups of surveyed @entity1 revealed an average level of @entity1496 @entity942 . In 2011 the @entity1496 @entity942 of moderate degree was registered in 18 areas of the Saratov Region, in 6--of easy degree, whereas the moderately severe @entity942 areas were not registered.

title: [Hygienic aspects of XXXX in the @entity1 's population of the Saratov region].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['deficiency']

answer: @entity942 :: (MESH:D003677,Disease) :: ['iodic deficiency']


abstract: @entity0 , in India, is the second commonest @entity5 in females. Receptor status with ER/PR/ @entity1722 is now routinely done in @entity1 with @entity189 . The @entity5 suppressor gene, @entity876 , is also present in most @entity0 . Proteins produced by a mutated @entity876 gene, accumulate in the nucleus of @entity5 cells and are detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). We have undertaken this study with the aim to evaluate the ER, PR, @entity1722 and @entity876 expressions in invasive @entity0 by IHC and to compare the @entity1722 expression with various clinicopathological parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective single institutional study from January 2001 to December 2010, 389 cases of histopathologically diagnosed infiltrating @entity0 were evaluated taking into account various parameters like age, @entity5 size, grade, lymph node involvement, ER and PR. @entity1722 and @entity876 was done in 352 cases. RESULTS: The age range was 23-90 years with a mean of 50.7 years. @entity5 were T2 (79.6%) and Grade II (60.9%). Our data showed overall 47.6% ER, 48.8% PR, 29.6% @entity1722 and 69.2% @entity876 positivity. There was no significant correlation between @entity1722 and age, @entity5 size, lymph node status, ER, and PR. There was significant correlation between @entity1722 and @entity5 grade (P = 0.031), @entity876 (P < 0.001). There was no inverse correlation between @entity1722 and combined ER, PR status. @entity0 which constituted 22.7% of our cases did not reveal any correlation with various parameters. CONCLUSION: In our study, ER status was low, and incidence of @entity876 was high. These findings suggest that many of the @entity5 in Indian females may be of an aggressive type, and novel treatment approaches may be tried. We conclude that the assessment of all four markers is desirable.

title: Hormone receptor status (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor), @entity1 epidermal growth factor-2 and XXXX in South Indian @entity0 @entity1 : A tertiary care center experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancers', 'carcinoma of breast', 'Triple-negative breast cancers', 'breast carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Majority of tumours', 'cancer', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['invasive carcinoma']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: Thyroid hormones are required for the normal development of skeletal muscle in utero, although their mechanism of action is poorly understood. The present study examined the effects of the thyroid hormones on the gene expression of the @entity43872 ( @entity43872 ) and the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) @entity9418 and @entity9419 , in skeletal muscle of fetal @entity742 during late gestation (term 145 +/- 2 days) and after manipulation of plasma thyroid hormone concentration. Thyroidectomy at 105-110 days of gestation suppressed muscle @entity43872 and @entity9418 gene expression in fetuses studied at 127-130 and 142-145 days. Muscle @entity43872 mRNA abundance remained unchanged with increasing gestational age in intact and thyroidectomized fetuses. In the intact fetuses, a decrease in muscle @entity9418 gene expression was observed between 127-130 and 142-145 days, which coincided with the normal prepartum surges in plasma @entity701 and @entity1954 (T3). At 127-130 days, downregulation of muscle @entity9418 mRNA abundance was induced prematurely in intact fetuses by an infusion of @entity701 for 5 days (2-3 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1) iv), which increased plasma @entity701 and T3 concentrations to values seen near term. However, increasing plasma T3 alone by an infusion of T3 for 5 days (8-12 microg x kg(-1) x day(-1) iv) in intact fetuses at this age had no effect on @entity43872 or @entity9418 gene expression in skeletal muscle. In the thyroidectomized fetuses, no additional change in the low level of muscle @entity9418 mRNA abundance was seen with increasing gestational age, but at 127-130 days, @entity9418 gene expression was reduced further when plasma @entity701 and T3 concentrations were increased by exogenous @entity701 infusion. Muscle @entity9419 mRNA abundance was not affected by thyroidectomy, gestational age, or exogenous hormone infusion. These findings show, in the @entity742 fetus, that thyroid hormones may influence the growth and development of skeletal muscle via changes in the local activity of the @entity10759 .

title: Thyroid hormones and the mRNA of the @entity43872 and IGFs in skeletal muscle of fetal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43872 :: ('443333(Tax:9940)', 'Gene') :: ['GHR', 'growth hormone receptor']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity10759 :: ('MESH:D049912', 'Disease') :: ['somatotrophic axis']

entities_list: @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['triiodothyronine']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']


abstract: Protective immunity to the @entity10130 , @entity10130 , has been demonstrated by immunization of pigs with antigens derived from the parasite's larval stages. We identified a protective antigen commonly expressed in the @entity1 and @entity1707 Ascaris infections as a 16-kDa protein (As16), which has no similarity at the @entity535 level to @entity1 proteins but has some similarity to those of the filarial parasites and @entity2199 gene product. Localization analysis revealed that the native As16 was highly expressed in the adult worm intestine, hypodermis, and cuticles. In addition, As16 was detected in the parasite excretory and secretory products. @entity19 intranasally vaccinated with @entity526 -expressed recombinant As16 (rAs16), coupled with cholera toxin B subunit, generated a significant increase in the level of rAs16-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgE in serum. Mucosal IgA levels were also increased. The recombinant protein evoked a mixed (both @entity630 and @entity61 ) type of immune response characterized by elevated levels of gamma interferon and interleukin-10 in the culture supernatants of activated spleen cells. An increased level of @entity9686 and @entity9749 in serum was also observed. The vaccinated @entity19 showed a reduction by 58% in the recovery of challenged larvae compared to a nonvaccinated control. These results suggest the possibility of developing a mucosal vaccine for @entity1 and @entity1707 @entity2329 .

title: @entity19 intranasally immunized with a recombinant 16-kilodalton antigen from @entity2199 Ascaris parasites are protected against larval migration of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human']

entities_list: @entity2199 :: ('6239', 'Species') :: ['Caenorhabditis elegans']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity2329 :: ('MESH:D001196', 'Disease') :: ['ascariasis']

entities_list: @entity10130 :: ('6253', 'Species') :: ['pig roundworm', 'Ascaris suum']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity10130 :: (6253,Species) :: ['Ascaris suum']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 3708 Background: Administrative databases have generally not been designed to permit @entity5 researchers to readily follow @entity1 forward from the period pre-diagnosis through initial curative intent treatment, adjuvant therapy, post-treatment follow-up, to the final endpoint of either @entity204 or loss to follow-up. One major hurdle to @entity5 research using such databases has been the lack of data such as stage at diagnosis, and histopathologic type and grade. A second major hurdle is that many @entity1 use more than one system of care, in this instance, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and Medicare-reimbursed care. These dual users would be inaccurately represented in the analysis if only one source of data were analyzed. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 13 years of nationwide Medicare and VA inpatient and institutional outpatient data beginning with the three years pre-diagnosis (1986-1990) through a minimum of five years post-diagnosis (1994-1998) was conducted. Death data were available through December 2003. Data were also extracted from @entity5 registry files, Computerized @entity1 Record System Files, and paper medical records at each VA. The population studied included all VA @entity1 diagnosed with @entity14 and surgically treated for cure during the five-year period 1989-1993, who were Medicare-eligible at diagnosis, and survived the index admission. RESULTS: Of the 6612 @entity1 treated with curative intent during the five-year period, 4902 (74%) could be staged. Of these, 4535 (93%) were deemed eligible for the study. Of the eligible @entity1 , 77% were diagnosed with @entity694 and 23 percent with @entity5 . The majority (88%) had @entity420 . The histopathologic grade was moderately differentiated for 54% and well differentiated for 19%. As of December 2003, 74% had died. Including all stages (0- IV), the average survival in months after treatment was 75 (median=61). CONCLUSIONS: This rich database provides a wealth of data for subgroup analyses of survival, recurrence patterns, and particularly, of health services utilization patterns within and across systems of care. [Table: see text].

title: Long-term survival patterns of a large nationwide cohort of elderly veterans with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: A microalgal biomass offers a potential alternative to the @entity2829 silage commonly used in biogas technology. In this study, photoautotrophically grown @entity14944 was used as biogas substrate. This microalga has a low C/N ratio of 8.5 relative to the optimum 20-30. A significant increase in the @entity16764 ion content was not observed. The @entity577 content of the biogas generated from Sc. obliquus proved to be higher than that from @entity2829 silage, but the specific biogas yield was lower. Semi-continuous steady biogas production lasted for 2 months. Because of the thick cell wall of Sc. obliquus, the biomass-degrading microorganisms require additional time to digest its biomass. The @entity577 concentration in the biogas was also high, in co-digestion (i.e., 52-56%) as in alga-fed anaerobic digestion (i.e., 55-62%). These results may be related to the relative predominance of the order Clostridiales in co-digestion and to the more balanced C/N ratio of the mixed algal- @entity2829 biomass. Predominance of the order Methanosarcinales was observed in the domain Archaea, which supported the diversity of metabolic pathways in the process.

title: Metagenome changes in the mesophilic biogas-producing community during fermentation of the green alga XXXX .

entities_list: @entity577 :: ('MESH:D008697', 'Chemical') :: ['methane']

entities_list: @entity14944 :: ('3088', 'Species') :: ['Scenedesmus obliquus']

answer: @entity14944 :: (3088,Species) :: ['Scenedesmus obliquus']


abstract: Recombinant @entity1 deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase) has been shown to reduce sputum viscoelasticity and to improve lung function in @entity1 with @entity1577 ( @entity1577 ). The aim of this study was to determine whether @entity32 would decrease after administration of rhDNase. Twenty @entity1 with @entity1577 and @entity1030 inhaled 2.5 mg of rhDNase daily for 1 month. Before and after the 1-month trial, lung function was measured and sputum was obtained, either after spontaneous expectoration or after sputum induction with hypertonic saline. Sputum total cell and differential counts were measured using techniques previously described. The mean age of the @entity1 was 16.8 years (range, 6.7-27.5). After 1 month of rhDNase, mean FEV1 increased from a baseline of 62.3% predicted to 70.8% (P= 0.02, paired t test); and FVC increased from 74.4% to 83.9% predicted (P=0.007). No significant differences were found in sputum cytology before or after rhDNase (median total cell counts 16.0 x 10(6)/ml vs. 19.3 x 10(6)/ml, P=0.68). Thirteen @entity1 had a 10% or greater increase in FEV1 after rhDNase (responders). Initial lung function was less in responders than in nonresponders (53.5% vs. 78.6%, P=0.007). There was no significant change in total cell count and neutrophil count after rhDNase in either responders or nonresponders. We conclude that @entity32 , as measured by total cell counts in sputum, was a prominent feature in @entity1577 , and neutrophils were the dominant inflammatory cells. Although the administration of rhDNase resulted in significant improvements in FEV1, there was no evidence of accompanying changes in @entity32 .

title: XXXX after treatment with aerosolized deoxyribonuclease in @entity1577 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['airway inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'cystic fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic suppurative lung disease']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['Airway inflammation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose was to determine the factors influencing nodal involvement and topography of pelvic and paraaortic node @entity43 . STUDY DESIGN: Between 1985 and 2001, 276 @entity1 with @entity43 underwent systematic bilateral pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy. RESULTS: The overall frequency of lymph node involvement was 44% (122 of 276). The frequency of pelvic and paraaortic @entity3 were 30% (82 of 276) and 40% (122 of 276), respectively. The frequency of lymph node @entity3 according to the stage of the disease (stages I, II, and III + IV) were: 20% (17 of 85), 40% (6 of 15), and 55% (99 of 176), respectively. In @entity1 with stage IA, IB, and @entity66 , the rates of nodal involvement were 13% (8 of 60), 33% (4 of 12), and 38% (5 of 13), respectively. None of 15 @entity1 with stage IA grade 1 disease had nodal involvement. None of the 20 @entity1 with @entity5 confined to the ovary(ies) (stage I disease) had nodal involvement. When paraaortic nodes were involved, the left paraaortic chain above the level of the inferior mesenteric artery was the most frequently involved site (70 @entity1 , 63%). One of nine @entity1 (11%) with a macroscopic stage I @entity5 and paraaortic involvement had contralateral @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Lymphadenectomy should be performed even in @entity1 with stage IA disease. This procedure could be omitted in @entity1 with mucinous apparent stage I disease and stage I grade 1 @entity5 . Lymphadenectomy should involve the whole pelvic and paraaortic chain up to the level of the left renal vein. A bilateral dissection should be performed even in cases of @entity1 with a @entity5 .

title: Lymph node involvement in XXXX : analysis of 276 pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomies and surgical implications.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['involvement in ovarian carcinoma', 'epithelial ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['IC disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous tumors', 'tumor', 'unilateral tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['epithelial ovarian cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: At present, there is no obligatory guideline for the prevention of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease in Hungary. AIM: The aim of the present study was to gain insight into the spontaneously developed preventive strategy of the domestic obstetric divisions and departments in Hungary. METHOD: Standardized questionnaire was sent out to each of the 71 obstetric divisions and departments in Hungary. RESULTS: Overall, 20 (27.4%) of the chairpersons replied, and thus, 39.9% of the total number of live births in Hungary were included in the study. Despite missing public health guidelines, each of the divisions and departments developed their own strategy to prevent neonatal group B streptococcal disease. In 95% of cases, bacterial culture of the lower vagina was the method of identifying pregnant @entity1 at risk. In 5% of the cases intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis was based on risk assessment only. Of the departments using culture-based prophylaxis, 58% departments sampled @entity1 after completion of 36th gestational weeks. Antibiotic of choice was @entity114 or @entity869 in 100% of cases. Of the study @entity1 , 80% reported on multiple administration of colonized pregnant @entity1 after onset of labor or rupture of the membranes. CONCLUSIONS: The authors concluded that the rate of participation in the study was low. However, prevention of early-onset neonatal group B @entity883 is a priority of obstetric care in Hungary. Lack of a nation-wide public health policy did not prevent obstetric institutions in this country to develop their own prevention strategy. In the majority of cases and institutions, the policy is consistent with the widely accepted international standards.

title: [Prevention of neonatal group B XXXX in Hungary in 2012. Preliminary data of a nation-wide survey].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity883 :: ('MESH:D013290', 'Disease') :: ['streptococcal infection']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

answer: @entity883 :: (MESH:D013290,Disease) :: ['streptococcal sepsis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The pandemic @entity683 (H1N1) 2009 [pdm (H1N1) 2009] spread through the world in 2009, producing a serious epidemic in Japan. Since it was suggested early that @entity565 is a risk factor for an increased severity of the @entity281 , the Japanese Society of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology (JSPACI) organized a working group for countermeasures, and investigated asthmatic @entity1 admitted to the hospitals for pdm (H1N1) 2009 @entity281 . METHODS: An appeal was made on the home page of the JSPACI to medical practitioners to input clinical information about asthmatic and non-asthmatic @entity1 (0-19 years) admitted to the hospital with pdm (H1N1) 2009 @entity281 . RESULTS: A total of 862 @entity1 (390 with @entity565 , and 472 without @entity565 ) from 61 medical centers were registered, and the data of 333 asthmatic @entity1 and 388 non-asthmatic @entity1 in all were entered in the analyses. The mean age was 7.4    2.9 years in the @entity565 group and 6.9    3.8 years in the non- @entity565 group. The percentage of @entity1 admitted for respiratory symptoms was significantly higher in the @entity565 group than in the non- @entity565 group (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the frequency of admission to the ICU or need for mechanical ventilation support between the two groups. No definite trend was detected in the relationship between the severity of @entity565 and the intensity of @entity565 attack. Antiviral drugs were administered within 24 hours in about 85% of the @entity1 in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Asthma may not be a risk factor for severe pdm (H1N1) 2009 @entity281 in @entity1 .

title: Hospitalizations associated with pandemic @entity683 (H1N1) 2009 in asthmatic XXXX in Japan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: CASE REPORT: A 60-year-old female @entity1 underwent craniotomy for a @entity75 in the frontoparietal lobe. Histologically, it turned out to be a metastasis from an @entity420 . The @entity5 was found in the upper lobe of the left lung. The @entity1 had whole brain radiation therapy only, the @entity2 was not treated. 4 years later, she presented with @entity1600 . A biopsy showed dilated sinuses filled with histiocytes, but no @entity5 cells. The diagnosis of sinus histiocytosis with massive @entity3329 was made ( @entity9312 ). Without any treatment, the @entity4 resolved completely a few weeks later. Similar episodes were observed several times in the following years. The @entity1 died more than 7 years after the diagnosis of a metastasizing @entity2 due to @entity55 . CONCLUSION: In a @entity1 with a @entity2 and suspected supraclavicular lymph node spread, Rosai-Dorfman's syndrome should be considered as a rare differential diagnosis.

title: XXXX and @entity9312 . A clinicopathological study.

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity9312 :: ('MESH:D015618', 'Disease') :: ["Rosai-Dorfman's disease"]

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary neoplasm', 'lung cancer', 'lung tumor']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['enlarged cervical lymph nodes']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Lung cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity177 remains a common and morbid complication after complex aortic surgery. This study was performed to identify perioperative factors that contribute to @entity177 . METHODS: The perioperative outcomes of 183 @entity1 who underwent thoracoabdominal aortic surgery with supraceliac clamping were reviewed. During the interval from Jan. 1987 to Nov. 1996, thoracoabdominal @entity439 repair was performed in 154 @entity1 (type I, 49 @entity1 [27%]; type II, 21 @entity1 [11.5%]; type III, 55 @entity1 [30%]; type IV, 29 @entity1 [16%]), suprarenal @entity1028 repair in 17 @entity1 (9%), and visceral/renal revascularization procedures in 12 @entity1 (6.5%). Intraoperative management included thoracoabdominal aortic exposure and clamp-and-sew technique with renal artery cold perfusion whenever the renal arteries were accessible (79% of cases). RESULTS: Relevant clinical features included preoperative @entity101 (85%), @entity6 (8%), single functioning kidney (10%), recent intravenous contrast injection (34%), @entity177 ( @entity1011 level greater than 1.5 mg/dl; 24%), and emergent operation (19%). @entity810 , defined as both a doubling of serum @entity1011 level and an absolute value greater than 3.0 mg/dl, occurred in 21 @entity1 (11.5%), of whom five required hemodialysis (2.7%). Variables associated with this complication included a preoperative @entity1011 level greater than 1.5 mg/dl (p = 0.004) and a total cross-clamp time greater than 100 minutes (p = 0.035). The operative mortality risk (within 30 days; 8%) was significantly increased with @entity177 (odds ratio, 9.2; 95% confidence interval, 2.6 to 33; p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: @entity177 , although uncommon in contemporary practice, greatly increases the risk of @entity204 after thoracoabdominal aortic surgery. The overall incidence of @entity177 and dialysis requirement in the present series compare favorably with those reported using other operative techniques, specifically partial left heart bypass and distal aortic perfusion. These data suggest that @entity1 who have preoperative @entity177 are prone to @entity177 . Furthermore, regional hypothermic perfusion and minimal clamp times are important elements in the prevention of @entity177 after thoracoabdominal aortic surgery.

title: XXXX after thoracoabdominal aortic surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency', 'renal failure', 'postoperative renal failure', 'Renal failure']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['Acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['early death']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['Renal failure']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity1192 ( @entity1192 ) family consists of 11 cytokines that play key regulatory roles in many immune and inflammatory processes. Anakinra (Kineret, Amgen, Inc.) is an @entity1193 ( @entity1193 ). Increased levels of @entity1192 are found in several disease states suggesting that anakinra may be @entity74 associated with elevated @entity1192 levels. Anakinra has been effectively used in the treatment of @entity262 juvenile idiopathic @entity625 and @entity11533 ( @entity11533 ). Despite its therapeutic benefits, anakinra also has potential side effects, including hepatotoxicity. We present a case of @entity11533 in an adolescent male that was treated with anakinra. During treatment, the @entity1 developed @entity879 that resolved upon withdrawal of anakinra. Although anakinra-induced @entity99 has been reported in adults, including one case of subacute @entity1578 , we believe our case is the first to show severe @entity879 in an adolescent treated with anakinra. This case provides significant insight into a potentially serious complication associated with anakinra. It is important to further delineate these complications as the treatment indications for this drug expand.

title: Anakinra-Induced @entity879 in an Adolescent XXXX with Still's Disease.

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity11533 :: ('MESH:D016706', 'Disease') :: ["adult-onset Still's disease", 'AOSD']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['acute liver failure']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic']

entities_list: @entity1193 :: ('3557', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1ra', 'IL-1 receptor antagonist']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['beneficial in disorders']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 constitute a wide variety of disorders having high mortality and morbidity rates. Current protocols for management include surgical intervention, chemotherapy, and radiation which possess numerous adverse effects. Many phytochemicals are available with anticancer properties similar to anticancer drugs. Major benefit of these compounds is apparent lack of @entity137 to normal tissues. Graviola (botanical name: Annona Muricata) contain bioactive compound "annonaceous @entity31800 " known for anticancer activity on @entity5 cell lines. AIMS: To determine @entity137 of Graviola and percentage cell inhibition at G2M phase of cell cycle. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: The @entity137 of aqueous extract of Graviola leaves on @entity957 ( @entity1 ) cell lines at various concentrations evaluated using @entity2454 ( @entity98 ) assay. The percentage of @entity1 cell inhibition at G2M phase of cell cycle determined using flow cytometry. METHODS: Graviola Leaves, American Type Culture Collection @entity1 cell lines were procured from Skanda Laboratories, Bengaluru. The @entity137 of aqueous extract of Graviola on @entity1 cells at various concentrations evaluated using @entity98 assay. The percentage of @entity1 cell inhibition at G2M phase of cell cycle determined using flow cytometry. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA. RESULTS: @entity98 assay showed statistically significant (P < 0.001) dose-dependent inhibition of @entity1 cell lines by Graviola with IC50 value of 12.42  g/ml. Flow cytometry revealed that Graviola at 25 and 50 g/ml arrested 53.39% and 52.09% cells in G2M phase of cell cycle respectively, which was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Graviola showed significant cytotoxic activity and percentage of cell inhibition at G2M phase cell cycle against @entity1 cell lines.

title: Evaluation of @entity137 of aqueous extract of Graviola leaves on @entity957 cell-25 cell lines by XXXX assay and determination of percentage of cell inhibition at G2M phase of cell cycle by flow cytometry: An in vitro study.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity31800 :: ('MESH:D054378', 'Chemical') :: ['acetogenins']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Malignancies', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2454 :: ('MESH:C022616', 'Chemical') :: ['3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide']

answer: @entity2454 :: (MESH:C022616,Chemical) :: ['3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-Yl) -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide']


abstract: Fifteen @entity1 , with a median age of 19  years having severe @entity2150 (SAA) underwent human leucocyte antigen (HLA) identical sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using conditioning regimens containing @entity786 with antithymocyte globulin (ATG) or a combination of @entity3118 and @entity786 with or without ATG during December 2007 to May 2013. @entity205 and mini @entity1499 were used as @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) prophylaxis. Graft source included peripheral blood stem cells in 11, bone marrow in 3 and both in 1. One @entity1 had @entity177 while 14 @entity1 were engrafted with a median neutrophil and platelet engraftment time of 13.5  days. One @entity1 had secondary graft rejection. Acute @entity2132 occurred in 3 @entity1 and chronic @entity2132 in 4. One year death rate in engrafted @entity1 was 14.28  %. At a mean follow-up of 21.2  months, 12 (80  %) are alive and well. One of the donors was a @entity1 of @entity447 but the disease did not occur in the recipient. The graft was successful and the recipient is alive till date.

title: Improving Outcome of XXXX with HLA-Matched Sibling Donor Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: An Experience of Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute (GCRI).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity447 :: ('MESH:D006467', 'Disease') :: ['haemophilia']

entities_list: @entity2150 :: ('MESH:D000741', 'Disease') :: ['aplastic anaemia']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['primary graft failure']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['fludarabine']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft versus host disease']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity2150 :: (MESH:D000741,Disease) :: ['Aplastic Anaemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether electrocochleography (ECochG) and @entity653 and @entity1483 tests could predict progression from @entity195 ( @entity601 ). MATERIAL AND METHODS: ECochG and @entity653 and @entity1483 tests were performed in 1569 @entity1 with various @entity66 , including definite @entity601 , atypical @entity601 , @entity11389 , delayed endolymphatic @entity4 , @entity2459 , cochleovestibulopathy and @entity1274 . @entity1 with atypical @entity601 were divided into five categories based on their symptoms. RESULTS: A total of 115/118 @entity1 (97%) with definite @entity601 who underwent all 3 tests showed a positive result in at least 1 test. Ninety-nine @entity1 who did not satisfy the diagnostic criteria of definite @entity601 but had vertigo and/or @entity393 at the first visit subsequently progressed to definite @entity601 . It was retrospectively found that 92% of @entity1 showed at least 1 positive finding in these 3 tests at the initial stage. In those @entity1 who showed a negative test result in either ECochG or the @entity653 test, the possibility of progression to definite @entity601 was low. CONCLUSION: The combination of ECochG and the @entity653 and @entity1483 tests was helpful in diagnosing endolymphatic @entity4 (ELH). ECochG and the @entity653 test were effective tools for predicting the progression to definite @entity601 in @entity1 with atypical @entity601 , @entity2459 and other @entity66 . Our test results also indicated that the pathological state of atypical @entity601 included both non-ELH and ELH.

title: Prediction of progression from @entity195 using electrocochleography and XXXX and @entity1483 tests.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cochleovestibular diseases']

entities_list: @entity11389 :: ('MESH:D007762', 'Disease') :: ['syphilitic labyrinthitis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['hydrops']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['furosemide']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["atypical to definite M  ni  re's disease"]

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity2459 :: ('MESH:D003639', 'Disease') :: ['sudden hearing loss']

answer: @entity653 :: (MESH:D005990,Chemical) :: ['glycerol']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Mutations in the @entity29732 subunit of the neuronal Na(+) /K(+) -ATPase are thought to be responsible for @entity410 , @entity1158 , and other symptoms of @entity4373 ( @entity4373 ). However, the mechanisms through which @entity68698 mutations mediate their pathophysiologic consequences are not yet understood. The following hypotheses were investigated: (1) Our novel knock-in @entity19 carrying the most common heterozygous mutation causing @entity4373 ( @entity29736 ) will exhibit the manifestations of the @entity1 condition and display predisposition to @entity410 ; and (2) the underlying pathophysiology in this @entity19 model involves @entity101 in response to electrical stimulation of Schaffer collaterals and abnormal predisposition to @entity308 ( @entity308 ). METHODS: We generated the @entity29736 mutant @entity19 (Mashlool, Mashl(+/-) ) and compared mutant and wild-type (WT) littermates. Behavioral tests, amygdala kindling, @entity15945 -induced @entity410 threshold, @entity410 ( @entity410 ), and other paroxysmal activities were compared between groups. In vitro electrophysiologic slice experiments on hippocampus were performed to assess predisposition to hyperexcitability and @entity308 . RESULTS: Mutant @entity19 manifested a distinctive phenotype similar to that of @entity1 with @entity4373 . They had abnormal impulsivity, memory, gait, motor coordination, @entity400 , motor control, endogenous nociceptive response, paroxysmal @entity1158 , @entity306 , @entity3519 , and @entity410 , as well as predisposition to kindling, to @entity15945 -induced @entity410 , and to sudden unexpected @entity204 . Hippocampal slices of mutants, in contrast to WT animals, showed hyperexcitable responses to 1  Hz pulse-trains of electrical stimuli delivered to the Schaffer collaterals and had significantly longer duration of K(+) -induced @entity308 responses. SIGNIFICANCE: Our model reproduces the major characteristics of @entity1 @entity4373 , and indicates that @entity29732 dysfunction results in abnormal short-term plasticity with @entity101 (potential mechanism for @entity410 ) and a predisposition to more severe @entity308 responses (potential mechanism for @entity1158 ). This model of the @entity1 condition should help in understanding the molecular pathways underlying these phenotypes and may lead to identification of novel therapeutic strategies of @entity29732 related disorders and @entity410 .

title: Knock-in @entity19 model of XXXX : Behavioral and electrophysiologic characterization.

entities_list: @entity1158 :: ('MESH:D006429', 'Disease') :: ['hemiplegias']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'SRS', 'spontaneous recurrent seizures', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['SD', 'spreading depression']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increased excitability']

entities_list: @entity4373 :: ('MESH:C536589', 'Disease') :: ['AHC', 'alternating hemiplegia of childhood']

entities_list: @entity15945 :: ('MESH:D005481', 'Chemical') :: ['flurothyl']

entities_list: @entity3519 :: ('MESH:D004421', 'Disease') :: ['dystonias']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['diplegias']

answer: @entity4373 :: (MESH:C536589,Disease) :: ['alternating hemiplegia of childhood']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Analysis and evaluation of a multidisciplinary approach, postoperative results and survival of a group of @entity1 with resected @entity788 after a multimodal therapy. DESIGN: DESCRIPTIVE, prospective and observational study. @entity1 : Between January 2004 and December 2004, 124 @entity1 with @entity788 were evaluated. In 30 @entity1 pancreatic resection was performed, and they are the object of this study. Results of preoperative evaluation, postoperative morbidity and mortality, and long term survival were studied. RESULTS: Diagnostic evaluation was completed in ambulatory basis in 20% of the @entity1 . In 63% of cases, admission was done in the same day of surgery. In 3 @entity1 (9%), @entity5 resection was not achieved, therefore, concordance between radiological and surgical resectability rate was 91%. Resectability rate was 24.1%. Surgical Mortality was 3.3%, with a global morbidity rate of 56.6%. Survival at one, two, three and, four years was 76.2%, 56.3%, 43%, y 27.3% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Technological development and coordination of efforts in multidisciplinary teams offer an accurate evaluation of @entity5 involvement, and may reduce the number of laparotomies without @entity5 resection. The application of a systematic and generalized multimodal treatment in @entity788 is progressively showing a tendency of progressive increase in resectability and survival rates in @entity788 .

title: Multidisciplinary approach and multimodal therapy in resected XXXX . Observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is hypothesized that exercise can lead to a decrease in @entity0 risk through several hormonal and nonhormonal mechanisms. The WISER ( @entity1 In Steady Exercise Research) study investigated the effects of aerobic exercise on premenopausal sex hormone levels. METHODS: Three hundred ninety-one sedentary, healthy, young eumenorrheic @entity1 were randomized either into an exercise intervention of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise 5 times a week for approximately 16 weeks (n = 212) or into a control group (n = 179). Serum levels of @entity53 , @entity19517 , @entity251 , and @entity443 ( @entity443 ), all in the midfollicular phase, and of @entity1420 , in the midluteal phase, were measured at baseline and at the end of the 16-week period. RESULTS: Compared with the controls (n = 153), exercisers (n = 166) experienced significant @entity410 , lean body mass, and decreases in percent body fat. There were no significant changes in body weight and menstrual cycle length between or within groups. @entity1420 decreased significantly in exercisers; however, this reduction was similar to that of the control group. No significant changes between or within groups were found for any of the other sex hormones or @entity443 . CONCLUSIONS: In premenopausal @entity1 , 16 weeks of 150 minutes per week of moderate aerobic exercise in young @entity1 did not significantly alter sex hormone or @entity443 levels. IMPACT: Any favorable effects that moderate aerobic exercise without an associated weight change may have on @entity0 risk in premenopausal @entity1 are unlikely to be a consequence of changes in levels of sex hormones or @entity443 .

title: Effects of aerobic exercise on premenopausal sex hormone levels: results of the WISER study, a randomized clinical trial in healthy, sedentary, eumenorrheic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['increases in aerobic fitness']

entities_list: @entity19517 :: ('MESH:C017296', 'Chemical') :: ['estrone sulfate']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone', 'Progesterone']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity443 :: ('6462', 'Gene') :: ['sex hormone-binding globulin', 'SHBG']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']