abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity3 and high-mortality are frequent in high-grade @entity1478 ( @entity6019 ), these findings are less commonly seen in low-grade @entity6019 (LGESSs), even in cases with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). We hypothesized that the "bulging plugs" of @entity5 characteristic of @entity3 in LGESS are fundamentally different from @entity3 seen in HGS. We reviewed 70 uterine @entity242 : 42 @entity6019 ( @entity6019 , undifferentiated @entity242 , and @entity1822 ) and 28 LGESSs. All cases had @entity3 documented on the histologic slides. Immunostains for @entity2279 , ERG, and D2-40 were performed. LGESS harbored cohesive intravascular @entity5 foci with direct communication from the main @entity5 and attached to the vessel wall. The intravascular foci included @entity5 cells and small arteriole-type vessels and were surrounded by a thin fibrous band. Vascular markers confirmed the @entity3 and highlighted positively stained endothelial cells separating intravascular @entity5 foci from the blood itself. In contrast, intravascular @entity5 foci in HGS were composed of discohesive cells clusters, lacking the features described in LGESS. Only 8 (30.8%) @entity1 with LGESS had recurrence/ @entity3 (6 with lung @entity3 ); only 1 @entity1 died of disease. Thirty (77%) @entity1 with HGS had recurrence/ @entity3 , 27 (69%) @entity1 had lung @entity3 , and 22 (56.4%) @entity1 died of disease. We propose that in most LGESSs, @entity3 represents vascular intrusion; manipulation or @entity130 is potentially responsible for @entity5 cell detachment into the circulation increasing the chances of recurrence/ @entity3 . Classic @entity3 features were identified in HGS. This important distinction may allow for better management of @entity1 and avoid unnecessary treatment in LGESS, reducing morbidity.

title: Vascular invasion in uterine XXXX and its significance. A multi-institutional study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['uterine sarcoma', 'sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity6019 :: ('MESH:D018203', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial stromal sarcomas', 'HGSs', 'high-grade endometrial stromal sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1478 :: ('MESH:D014591', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'lymphovascular invasion', 'metastases', 'LVI']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcomas']


abstract: Lipases are the enzymes of choice for laundry detergent industries, owing to their @entity412 removing ability from the soiled fabric, which eventually reduces the usage of @entity4613 -based chemical cleansers in the detergent formulation. In this study, a novel thermo-alkaline lipase-producing strain identified as @entity8220 was isolated from the soil samples of olive oil mill. Enhanced lipase production was observed at 55 degrees C, pH 11 and after 48 h of incubation. Among the substrates tested, @entity6122 (a @entity505 source), peptone (a @entity1568 source) and olive oil at a concentration of 1% were suitable substrates for enhancing lipase production. @entity2400 and @entity9266 were suitable substrates for maximizing lipase production. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity by a single CM-Sephadex column chromatography and revealed molecular mass of 67 kDa. The enzyme (BL1) was active over a wide range of pH from 9.0 to 13.0, with an optimum at pH 11.0, exhibited maximal activity at 55 degreesC and retained more than 70% of its activity after incubation at 70 degrees C or pH 13 for 0.5 h or 24 h, respectively. The enzyme hydrolyzed both short and long-chain @entity1674 at comparable rates. BL1 was studied in a preliminary evaluation for use in detergent formulation solutions. This novel lipase showed extreme stability towards non-ionic and anionic surfactants after pre-incubation for 1 h at 40 degrees C, and good stability towards oxidizing agents. Additionally, the enzyme showed excellent stability and compatibility with various commercial detergents, suggesting its potential as an additive in detergent formulations.

title: Thermostable, alkaline and detergent-tolerant lipase from a newly isolated thermophilic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity8220 :: ('1422', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus stearothermophilus']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triacylglycerols']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

answer: @entity8220 :: (1422,Species) :: ['Bacillus stearothermophilus']


abstract: This study concerns the effects of @entity1286 in tissues on the rate of development of @entity4058 (Diptera: Calliphoridae) using those tissues as a food source. @entity4058 is a species of @entity238 commonly found on @entity1 corpses in Europe during the early stages of decomposition and thus of forensic interest. Three @entity95 were administered 12.5, 25.0 and 50.0 mg/h of @entity33483 via ear perfusion over a period of 3 h. These dosages and duration of perfusion were calculated to give tissue concentrations of @entity1286 similar to those encountered in fatal @entity1 @entity1445 . A fourth @entity95 was used as a control. Following administration of the drug, @entity95 were sacrificed and 400 eggs of @entity4058 , all of the same age, were placed in the eyes, nostrils and mouth of each @entity95 . Developing larvae were sampled daily to determine growth rate and weight. Puparia and emerging adult flies were also sampled. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student's T-test. Results of this study show that an underestimation of the postmortem interval of 24 h is possible if the presence of @entity1286 in tissues is not considered. This study demonstrates again the necessity of considering the possible effects of drugs in tissues on insect growth rates when estimating the postmortem interval using entomological techniques.

title: Effects of XXXX in decomposing bodies on the development of @entity4058 (Diptera: Calliphoridae).

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity33483 :: ('CHEBI:55340', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine chlorhydrate']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity1445 :: ('MESH:D062787', 'Disease') :: ['overdoses']

entities_list: @entity4058 :: ('13632', 'Species') :: ['Lucilia sericata']

answer: @entity1286 :: (MESH:D009020,Chemical) :: ['morphine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5764 (receptor for advanced glycation end products [AGEs]) plays a role in @entity6 . Recently, we have demonstrated enhanced expression of @entity3840 and PGE synthase-1 ( @entity2247 / @entity8207 ) in @entity1 symptomatic plaques, and provided evidence that it is associated with metalloproteinase (MMP)-induced @entity397 . However, the specific transmembrane signaling pathway(s) influencing plaque @entity2247 / @entity8207 expression is unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize @entity5764 expression in @entity1 plaques and to correlate it with the inflammatory infiltration, @entity2247 / @entity8207 and MMP expression, and with clinical evidence of @entity6 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Plaques obtained from 60 @entity1 undergoing carotid endarterectomy were divided into @entity6 and nondiabetic according to clinical evidence of type 2 @entity6 . Plaques were subjected to analysis of @entity5764 , NF-kappaB, @entity2247 / @entity8207 , @entity1476 and @entity1495 , lipid and oxidized LDL (oxLDL) content, and collagen content by immunohistochemistry and Western blot, whereas zymography was used to detect MMP activity. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify CD68+ macrophages, CD3+ T-lymphocytes, smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and HLA-DR+ inflammatory cells. @entity6 had more (P<0.0001) macrophages, T-lymphocytes, and HLA-DR+ cells, more (P<0.0001) immunoreactivity for @entity5764 , activated NF-kappaB, @entity2247 / @entity8207 , and MMPs, increased (P<0.0001) gelatinolytic activity, reduced (P<0.0001) collagen content, and @entity353 and oxLDL content. Interestingly, @entity5764 , @entity2247 / @entity8207 , and MMP expression was linearly correlated with plasma level of HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, this study demonstrates in @entity1 that @entity5764 overexpression is associated with enhanced inflammatory reaction and @entity2247 / @entity8207 expression in @entity6 macrophages, and this effect may contribute to plaque destabilization by inducing culprit metalloproteinase expression.

title: The receptor @entity5764 as a progression factor amplifying arachidonate-dependent inflammatory and proteolytic response in XXXX atherosclerotic plaques: role of glycemic control.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic atherosclerosis', 'diabetic', 'diabetes', 'diabetic plaque', 'Diabetic plaques']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['plaque rupture']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: miRNAs control important cellular functions including angiogenesis/angiostasis or @entity82 and reveal altered expression during pathological processes in the lung. METHODS: The aim of the study was to investigate the expression of selected miRNAs ( @entity11216 -let7f, @entity27437 , @entity15743 , @entity8397 , @entity13825 , @entity25585 , @entity23184 , @entity11216 -192 @entity494 , @entity10074 ) in @entity1 with @entity10070 (n   =   94) and controls (n   =   50). The expression was assessed by q-PCR in BALF cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PB lymphocytes). For statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U- test, Neuman-Keuls' multiple comparison test, and Spearman's rank correlation were used. RESULTS: In BALF cells, significantly higher expression of @entity15457 and @entity494 and lower expression of @entity27437 were found in @entity1 than controls. @entity13825 , @entity15457 and @entity494 expression was significantly higher in @entity1 without parenchymal involvement (stages I) than those at stages II-IV. @entity1 with @entity697 demonstrated significantly higher @entity13825 , @entity15457 and @entity494 expression than those with insidious onset. For PB lymphocytes, @entity1 demonstrated significantly greater @entity27437 , @entity13825 , @entity15457 , @entity494 and @entity10074 expression, but lower @entity11216 -let7f and @entity23184 expression, than controls. Stage I @entity1 demonstrated significantly higher @entity15743 and @entity27437 expression than those in stages II-IV, and @entity1 with the acute form demonstrated higher @entity23184 and @entity27437 expression. In BALF cells, @entity15743 and @entity8397 expression was significantly higher in @entity1 with lung volume restriction, and @entity11216 -let7f was higher in the PB lymphocytes in @entity1 with @entity10193 . Several correlations were observed between the pattern of miRNA expression, lung function parameters and selected laboratory markers. CONCLUSION: The obtained results suggest that the studied miRNAs play a role in the pathogenesis of @entity370 , and that some of them might have negative prognostic value.

title: Altered miRNA expression in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute disease']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity10193 :: ('MESH:D006553', 'Disease') :: ['obturation']

entities_list: @entity10070 :: ('MESH:D017565', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary sarcoidosis']

answer: @entity10070 :: (MESH:D017565,Disease) :: ['pulmonary sarcoidosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate whether @entity910 ( @entity910 ) for @entity5 of the liver in central location is a sufficient and safe therapeutic option. MATERIAL AND METHODS: According to predefined criteria, 23 of 136 @entity1 were chosen to be treated with @entity910 because of @entity96 . At the time of the first @entity910 , the @entity1 had 28 central @entity5 (27 metastases, one HCC), which were treated in 34 sessions with 64 laser applications and had a clinical and imaging follow-up every 3 months. RESULTS: The primary effectiveness rate was 74.1% and the secondary effectiveness rate 82.1%. The mortality rate was 0%. Major complications occurred in one @entity1 ( @entity1143 ), while minor complications occurred in 10 @entity1 . During the median follow-up of 20 months (range 3-57 months), @entity5 progression developed in 22% of the @entity5 . The effectiveness rate was 78.6%, 71.4% and 64.3% after 3, 6 and 9 months. The median survival was 46.0 months (95% confidence interval: 28.6-47.1 months). CONCLUSION: In our @entity1 , complications and ablation rate of @entity910 for central @entity96 do not differ from those in peripheral location as described in the literature.

title: [Laser-induced thermotherapy ( XXXX ) of @entity5 of the liver in central location: results and complications].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['malignant liver tumors', 'liver tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['local tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['laser-induced thermotherapy', 'LITT']

answer: @entity910 :: (MESH:D004409,Disease) :: ['LITT']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of intra-operative ultrasound (IOUS) imaging in detecting liver secondaries at the time of primary colorectal surgery and to evaluate the impact of IOUS on @entity1 management. METHODS: Data from 167 @entity1 with primary @entity14 who were admitted for elective surgery between January 1995 and December 2003 were prospectively evaluated and analysed. All @entity1 underwent pre-operative abdominal ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT), as well as IOUS. The final diagnosis of liver @entity3 was made by means of histological examination of either biopsy or surgical specimens. The sensitivities of pre-operative US and CT were compared with the sensitivity of IOUS, referred to histology. Changes in surgical management owing to IOUS findings were noted. RESULTS: IOUS supplied additional information in the case of 31 @entity1 . In 28 of these @entity1 , this information had a major impact on the intra-operative strategy, in that the procedure was altered. CONCLUSIONS: IOUS is safe, simple to perform and more accurate than pre-operative imaging. It reduces the number of @entity1 subjected to superfluous surgery. The use of IOUS is therefore encouraged during @entity14 surgery.

title: Intra-operative ultrasound for detection of liver XXXX from @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Gyrification @entity75 are considered a marker of early deviations from normal developmental trajectories and a putative predictor of poor outcome in @entity146 . The aim of this study was to explore cortical folding morphology in @entity1 with @entity1278 ( @entity1278 ). A MRI brain study was conducted on 38 @entity1 with @entity1278 , 20 fully recovered @entity1 , and 38 healthy @entity1 . Local gyrification was measured with procedures implemented in FreeSurfer. Vertex-wise comparisons were carried out to compare: (1) @entity1278 @entity1 and healthy @entity1 ; (2) @entity1 with a full remission at a 3-year longitudinal follow-up assessment and @entity1 who did not recover. @entity1278 @entity1 exhibited significantly lower gyrification when compared with healthy controls. @entity1 with a poor 3-year outcome had significantly lower baseline gyrification when compared to both healthy @entity1 and @entity1 with full recovery at follow-up, even after controlling for the effects of duration of illness and gray matter volume. No significant correlation has been found between gyrification, body mass index, amount of @entity353 , onset age, and duration of illness. Brain gyrification significantly predicted outcome at follow-up even after controlling for the effects of duration of illness and other clinical prognostic factors. Although the role of starvation in determining our findings cannot be excluded, our study showed that brain gyrification might be a predictor of outcome in @entity1278 . Further studies are needed to understand if brain gyrification abnormalities are indices of early neurodevelopmental alterations, the consequence of starvation, or the interaction between both factors. Hum Brain Mapp, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Gyrification XXXX as predictors of outcome in @entity1278 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia nervosa', 'AN']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['brain abnormalities']


abstract: This study investigates the genetic association of the SNP present in the @entity68807 gene with performance traits, organs and carcass of broilers to help marker-assisted selection of a paternal broiler line (TT) from EMBRAPA @entity1707 and Poultry, Brazil. Genetic and phenotypic data of 1,400 broilers for 68 traits related to body performance, organ weights, weight of carcass parts, and yields as a percentage of organs and carcass parts were used. The maximum likelihood method, considering 4 analytical models, was used to analyze the genetic association between the SNP and these important economic traits. The association analysis was performed using a mixed animal model including the random effect of the animal (polygenic), and the fixed effects of sex (2 levels), hatch (5 levels) and SNP (3 levels), besides the random error. The traits significantly associated (P<0.05) with the SNP were analyzed, along with body weight at 42 days of age (BW42), by the restricted maximum likelihood method using the multi-trait animal model to estimate genetic parameters. The analysis included the residual and additive genetic random effects and the sex-hatch fixed effect. The additive effects of the @entity4982 were associated with breast meat (BMY), @entity409 ( @entity409 ), body weight at 35 days of age (BW35); drumstick skin (DSW), drumstick (DW) and breast (BW) weights. The heritability estimates for these traits, in addition to BW42, ranged from 0.24  0.06 to 0.45  0.08 for @entity409 and BW35, respectively. The genetic correlation ranged from 0.02  0.18 for @entity409 and BMY to 0.97  0.01 for BW35 and BW42. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that @entity68807 gene is associated with performance traits BW35, LIV and BMY, DW, BW and DW adjusted for body weight at 42 days of age. Therefore, the @entity68807 gene is an important molecular marker that could be used together with others already described to increase the economically important traits in broilers.

title: Association between XXXX candidate gene and performance, organs and carcass traits in broilers.

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['LIVY', 'liver yield']

answer: @entity68807 :: (100154254(Tax:9823),Gene) :: ['ACTA1']


abstract: Monitoring the use of antibiotics is relevant due to the public health impact of microbial resistance, adverse effects, and costs. We present data on the consumption of @entity7187 , @entity35995 , @entity22282 and @entity115 / @entity798 (AMC) between 2007 and 2010 in the in-and outpatient healthcare setting in 10 European countries provided by IMS Health. Antibiotics were classified according to the anatomical therapeutic chemical classification and consumption was expressed in defined @entity2794 ( @entity2794 ). We analysed the number of prescriptions by diagnostic codes between 2008 and 2010, based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10). These ICD-10 codes were grouped into four main categories: @entity1729 , @entity281 , other @entity281 and other diagnoses. In 2010, the consumption of @entity7187 and @entity35995 ranged from 0.45 @entity2794 (Sweden) to 5.46 @entity2794 (Italy), and from 0.04 @entity2794 (Denmark) to 1.00 DID (Germany), respectively. Streptogramins were available in France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Spain and United Kingdom with a consumption of <0.001 DID exclusively in the hospital setting. The consumption of AMC ranged from <0.001 @entity2794 (Norway) to 11.67 @entity2794 (Spain). During the study period, the consumption of @entity7187 decreased, the consumption of AMC increased in most of European countries, and @entity35995 varied very slightly. @entity7187 and AMC were mainly prescribed for @entity1729 in all countries but United Kingdom, where most of the prescriptions were assigned to diagnostic codes not clearly related with an @entity281 . @entity35995 were prescribed for the @entity1729 and other @entity281 groups. There was a wide inter-country variability in the percentage of the prescriptions assigned to each of the diagnostic categories. The inter-country differences in the consumption of these antibiotics and their prescription by diagnostic categories point to an inappropriate use of antibiotics.

title: Sales of @entity7187 , @entity35995 , streptogramins, and @entity115 / XXXX in the in- and outpatient setting in 10 European countries, 2007-2010.

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity798 :: ('MESH:D019818', 'Chemical') :: ['clavulanate']

entities_list: @entity22282 :: ('MESH:D025361', 'Chemical') :: ['streptogramins']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'genitourinary infections', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity7187 :: ('MESH:D018942', 'Chemical') :: ['Macrolides', 'macrolides']

entities_list: @entity2794 :: ('MESH:D020773', 'Disease') :: ['daily doses/1000 inhabitants/day', 'DIDs']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infections']

entities_list: @entity35995 :: ('MESH:D055231', 'Chemical') :: ['Lincosamides', 'lincosamides']

answer: @entity798 :: (MESH:D019818,Chemical) :: ['clavulanate']


abstract: Introduction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of auriculotherapy with mustard seeds in the treatment of @entity2956 ( @entity20683 ), @entity148 , and electromyographic (EMG) activity in university students. Methodology. The State Trait @entity148 Inventory (STAI), Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for @entity20683 ( @entity20683 ), and electromyography were used in this study of 44 college students with high levels of @entity148 and @entity20683 . The subjects were divided into two groups: an auriculotherapy (AA) group (n = 31) and an AA sham group (n = 13). The mustard seeds were applied to the shenmen, rim, sympathetic, brain stem, and @entity1348 ( @entity1348 ) points in the AA group and to sham points in the external ear and wrist in the AA sham group. The treatment protocol was 10 sessions (two treatments per week). Results. @entity148 (p < 0.01) was significantly reduced in the AA group. This group also showed a decrease in tender points in the mandibular posterior region (p = 0.04) and in the right side of the submandibular region (p = 0.02). Complaints of @entity158 were reduced in the temporal tendon (p  <= 0.01) and in the left side of the ATM (p < 0.01). In addition, electromyographic (EMG) activity was reduced during temporal muscle contraction (p = 0.03).      Conclusion. Auriculotherapy was effective in the treatment of students with @entity148 and @entity20683 .

title: Role of Auriculotherapy in the Treatment of XXXX with @entity148 in University Students.

entities_list: @entity2956 :: ('MESH:D013705', 'Disease') :: ['temporomandibular disorders']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral pain']

entities_list: @entity1348 :: ('MESH:D013706', 'Disease') :: ['TMJ', 'temporomandibular joint']

answer: @entity2956 :: (MESH:D013705,Disease) :: ['Temporomandibular Disorders']


abstract: We review the progress in testing the thrifty phenotype hypothesis. Many @entity1 epidemiological studies both by ourselves and others have confirmed and extended the original observations on which the hypothesis was based. We are not aware of any contradictory findings and we emphasise the strength of the association between birth weight and the subsequent development of the @entity209 . We have worked extensively experimentally to test the hypothesis in a @entity35 model in which pregnant and/or lactating dams are fed a diet moderately restricted in proteins. The range of programming effects that we have discovered in this example of fetal and early postnatal growth restriction is listed and includes changes in hormone receptors, signalling molecules and regulatory enzymes. We have shown the model to develop @entity6 , the @entity209 and signs of @entity177 . We summarise these and other similarities between the phenotype of this model and @entity1 @entity2175 . The number of insults during early development which can lead to a similar outcome is discussed and the suggestion is made that the early life response to stress is limited in its flexibility with outcomes including ageing and decreased longevity. Our preliminary results indicate that some MODY genes could suggest pathways whereby the changes occur and that epigenetic changes during development are involved. We conclude that the way is now clear to discover early @entity1 markers of programming by early life growth restriction and to use these to devise strategies for the prevention of @entity164 2 @entity6 .

title: For debate: Fetal and early postnatal growth restriction lead to XXXX , the @entity209 and @entity177 .

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['Type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['premature renal failure']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: AIM: The goal of this study was to specifically address the incidence of dorsal leakage when performing vertebroplasty in @entity1 with posterior wall @entity3061 or @entity174 , by using a delayed injection of cement with the aim of increasing its viscosity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively reviewed the records of 24 @entity1 (13 @entity1 , 11 @entity1 ; age range 42-67  years; mean age 54.7) with diagnosis of @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ) who underwent 34 vertebroplasties between January 2007 and January 2010 for @entity158 osteolytic localization of @entity1582 with dorsal cortical @entity3061 or @entity174 . All vertebroplasties were performed with an 8  min delay, which was half of the allotted injecting time given for the chosen cement. In 11 cases there were @entity174 involving the posterior wall, in 1 case with @entity1949 , and in 33 cases there was dorsal cortical @entity3061 . All of the @entity1 showed no response to standard treatments such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and analgesic treatments. RESULTS: Technical success was achieved in all cases. In 20 @entity1 , we treated only one high-risk @entity75 , in six @entity1 we treated two segments, and in one @entity1 we treated three segments. All @entity1 experienced improvement in symptoms after the procedure as demonstrated by improved visual analogue scores (VAS) and performance status (PS) and decreased doses of analgesic. There was a dorsal leakage in 2/34 (5.8%) treated vertebral bodies in which an epidural space @entity5 extension was also diagnosed, without increasing neurological symptoms after the intervention. CONCLUSION: From these results vertebroplasty with delayed injection of cement is safe and effective in the treatment of vertebral localization of @entity1582 with @entity3061 or @entity174 of the posterior vertebral wall.

title: XXXX with @entity3061 or @entity174 of the posterior vertebral wall. Usefulness of a delayed cement injection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['dorsal fragment dislocation']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral lesion']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'myeloma', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity3061 :: ('MESH:D010014', 'Disease') :: ['osteolysis']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['Vertebroplasty in multiple myeloma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A @entity2774 / @entity5538 ( @entity9063 ) substitution occurring in position -174 of the @entity650 ( @entity650 ) gene promoter changes the expression of @entity650 circulating proteins. We evaluated the occurrence of @entity650 @entity8996 polymorphism in @entity1 with acute @entity385 and studied its association with @entity64 severity, outcome, and mortality. METHODS: One hundred @entity1 with acute @entity385 and 120 age and sex-matched healthy controls were studied. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme analysis. Serum levels of @entity650 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. @entity64 was classified using Trial of @entity10269 in Acute @entity64 Treatment (TOAST) classification. Severity was assessed by the National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale. Outcome measures included modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Barthel Index (BI) scores at 7 days and 3 and 6 months. Mortality/survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: The frequency of GG, GC, and CC genotypes did not differ significantly between cases and controls. No association was seen between TOAST subtype and genotype. At the time of admission, @entity64 was more severe in @entity1 with the GC genotype (P = .03) and less severe in the GG genotype (P = .04). The GC genotype was also associated with higher serum @entity650 levels and poor short-term (BI P = .001; mRS P = .003) and long-term outcomes (BI P = 9   10(-5); mRS P = 9   10(-5)), while the GG genotype had significantly lower serum @entity650 levels and better short and long-term outcomes (BI P = 3   10(-5); mRS P = 2   10(-4)). There was significantly lesser mortality in the GG genotype and more in the GC genotype based on the Kaplan-Meier analysis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with the GC genotype had more severe @entity64 with poorer short and long-term outcomes and increased mortality. The GG genotype was associated with less severe @entity64 , better short and long-term prognosis, and survival. The GG genotype appears to be protective against @entity64 severity, outcome, and mortality.

title: @entity650 gene XXXX promoter polymorphism predicts severity and outcome in acute @entity385 @entity1 from north India.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity9063 :: ('c|SUB|G||C', 'DNAMutation') :: ['G/C']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity5538 :: ('MESH:D003596', 'Chemical') :: ['cytosine']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity8996 :: (c|SUB|G|-174|C,DNAMutation) :: ['-174 G/C']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1737 is a condition in which neuromuscular transmission is affected by antibodies against @entity3161 components ( @entity6107 , MG; and @entity27939 gravis, NMG) or by defects in genes for @entity3161 proteins ( @entity8491 , CMSs). Clinically, some individuals seem to benefit from treatment with @entity6358 , but its effects and adverse effects have not been systematically evaluated. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects and adverse effects of @entity6358 in @entity1 with @entity792 , transient neonatal MG, and the @entity8491 . SEARCH METHODS: On 17 November 2014, we searched the Cochrane @entity4094 Group Specialized Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE and EMBASE. We also searched reference lists of articles, conference proceedings of relevant conferences, and prospective trial registers. In addition, we contacted manufacturers and researchers in the field. SELECTION CRITERIA: We considered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs comparing @entity6358 as a single or add-on treatment with any other active treatment, placebo, or no treatment in adults or @entity1 with @entity792 , NMG, or CMSs. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently assessed study design and quality, and extracted data. We contacted study authors for additional information. We collected information on adverse effects from included articles, and contacted authors. MAIN RESULTS: We found no RCTs or quasi-RCTs, and therefore could not establish the effect of @entity6358 on MG, NMG and CMSs. We describe the results of 53 non-randomised studies narratively in the Discussion section, including observations of endurance, muscle strength and quality of life. Effects may differ depending on the type of @entity1737 . Thirty-seven studies were in @entity1 with CMS, five in @entity1 with MG, and in 11 the precise form of @entity1737 was unknown. We found no studies for NMG. Reported adverse effects included @entity591 , @entity25 , nervousness, and withdrawal symptoms. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There was no evidence available from RCTs or quasi-RCTs, but some observations from non-randomised studies are available. There is a need for more evidence from suitable forms of prospective RCTs, such as series of n-of-one RCTs, that use appropriate and validated outcome measures.

title: @entity6358 for @entity1737 , XXXX and the @entity8491 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'people']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['Neuromuscular Disease']

entities_list: @entity27939 :: ('MESH:D020941', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal myasthenia']

entities_list: @entity6358 :: ('MESH:D004809', 'Chemical') :: ['ephedrine']

entities_list: @entity1737 :: ('MESH:D009157', 'Disease') :: ['myasthenia', 'Myasthenia']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity3161 :: ('MESH:D020511', 'Disease') :: ['neuromuscular junction']

entities_list: @entity8491 :: ('MESH:D020294', 'Disease') :: ['congenital myasthenic syndromes']

entities_list: @entity6107 :: ('MESH:D020720', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune myasthenia gravis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune MG']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disturbances']

answer: @entity27939 :: (MESH:D020941,Disease) :: ['neonatal myasthenia']


abstract: The role of the lipid abnormalities as a risk factor for @entity64 remains controversial; very likely because only the standard lipid fractions are measured and because different causes of @entity64 are not considered. LDL phenotype B promotes @entity731 and is recognized as a risk factor for @entity741 , but its prevalence in @entity385 of distinct causes is unknown. Therefore we designed the study to investigate the prevalence of LDL phenotype B in @entity64 survivors with large @entity6249 ( @entity6249 ) and to establish the relationship between LDL phenotypes and basic lipid fractions in this group of @entity1 . 59 @entity1 (24 @entity1 with @entity66 and 35 @entity1 with @entity6249 ) being at least 3 months after @entity385 were included into the study. 30 sex- and age-matched subject served as controls. The concentrations of total @entity165 , HDL- and LDL- @entity165 , as well as @entity1674 were measured and the LDL phenotype was determined using the @entity27801 density gradient ultracentrifugation. The LDL phenotype B was more frequent in @entity1 with @entity66 (67%, p < 0.05) compared to @entity1 with @entity6249 and with controls. LDL phenotype B was also more frequent in @entity1 with @entity6249 (40%) and in all @entity64 survivors combined (51%), when compared with control group (17%, p < 0.05; chi-square test). Among @entity64 survivors, controls and studied subjects as a whole, those with LDL phenotype B revealed the lower concentration of HDL- @entity165 (1.19 +/- 0.33 vs. 1.46 +/- 0.42; 1.16 +/- 0.29 vs. 1.53 +/- 0.3 and 1.19 +/- 0.32 vs. 1.49 +/- 0.37, respectively; p < 0.05, Student t-test) when compared with carriers of LDL A phenotype. The LDL phenotype B is more frequent in @entity385 compared to controls, and within the group of @entity64 survivors, @entity34893 is more prevalent in @entity1 with @entity66 . The LDL phenotype B is associated with lower concentration of HDL- @entity165 .

title: [LDL phenotype A and B in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6249 :: ('MESH:D059345', 'Disease') :: ['SVD', 'vessel disease (LVD) or small vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity27801 :: ('MESH:C039004', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium bromide']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherogenesis']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke', 'ischemic stroke survivors']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of diet composition on phytate (InsP6) degradation in dairy @entity291 . In Experiment 1, four diets that differed in the amount and source of @entity3151 (P) were fed to 24 lactating @entity291 in a 4     4 Latin Square design. The control diet (Diet C) contained 4.18  g P/kg @entity62 ( @entity62 ). Diet MP contained additional mineral P (5.11  g P/kg @entity62 ), Diet RS contained rapeseed and rapeseed meal as organic P sources (5.26  g P/kg @entity62 ) and Diet RSM contained rapeseed meal and rapeseed oil (5.04  g P/kg @entity62 ). Total P (tP) and InsP6 excretion in faeces were measured. In Experiment 2, we used a rumen simulation technique (Rusitec) to estimate ruminal disappearance of tP and InsP6 from Diets C, MP and RSM. In Experiment 1, tP concentration in faeces increased with tP intake and was highest for Diets RS and RSM. The source of supplemented P had no influence on tP digestibility, but tP digestibility was reduced for Diets MP, RS and RSM in comparison to that for Diet C. InsP6 disappearance decreased in Diet MP (85.0%) and increased in Diets RS (92.7%) and RSM (94.0%) compared to that in Diet C (90.0%). In Experiment 2, P source influenced ruminal tP disappearance (Diet MP, 78.6%; Diet RSM, 75.3%). InsP6 disappearance for Diet C (98.1%) was higher than that for Diets MP (95.6%) and RSM (94.9%). The results confirmed the high potential of ruminants to degrade InsP6, but differences in diet composition influenced InsP6 disappearance. Further studies of the site of InsP6 degradation are required to understand the relevance of InsP6 degradation for the absorption of P.

title: Effects of mineral and rapeseed @entity3151 supplementation on phytate degradation in dairy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'dry matter']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1092 ( @entity3262 ) is a neurotherapeutic drug prescribed for @entity410 , @entity162 and @entity2704 , including @entity1 of reproductive age. @entity3262 is a well-known teratogen that produces @entity600 in many organs including the nervous system, as well as @entity245 , including @entity1032 and @entity2438 . In developing brain, few studies have examined @entity3262 effects on glial cells, particularly astrocytes. To investigate effects on primary glial precursors, we developed new cell culture and in vivo models using frontal cerebral cortex of postnatal day (P2) @entity35 . In vitro, @entity3262 exposure elicited dose-dependent, biphasic effects on DNA synthesis and proliferation. In vivo @entity3262 (300 mg/kg) exposure from P2 to P4 increased both DNA synthesis and cell proliferation, affecting primarily astrocyte precursors, as >75% of mitotic cells expressed brain lipid-binding protein. Significantly, the consequence of early @entity3262 exposure was increased astrocytes, as both @entity21078 + cells and glial fibrillary acidic protein were increased in adolescent brain. Molecularly, @entity3262 served as an HDAC inhibitor in vitro and in vivo, as enhanced proliferation was accompanied by increased histone acetylation whereas it elicited changes in culture in cell-cycle regulators, including @entity68959 , and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, @entity7504 and @entity5447 . Collectively, these data suggest clinically relevant @entity3262 exposures stimulate glial precursor proliferation, though at higher doses can elicit inhibition through differential regulation of CDK inhibitors. Because changes in glial cell functions are proposed as mechanisms contributing to @entity146 , these observations suggest @entity3262 teratogenic actions may be mediated through changes in astrocyte generation during development. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: XXXX stimulates proliferation of glial precursors during cortical gliogenesis in developing @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['Valproic acid']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['later neurodevelopmental disorders']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital malformations']

answer: @entity1092 :: (MESH:D014635,Chemical) :: ['Valproic acid']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: African Americans have a greater incidence of @entity2 than whites and have been underrepresented in clinical trials. In the PointBreak trial (pemetrexed- @entity3003 -bevacizumab and maintenance pemetrexed-bevacizumab [PemCBev] vs. @entity1311 - @entity3003 -bevacizumab and maintenance bevacizumab [PacCBev]), 10% of the @entity1 were African American. PointBreak had negative findings; PemCBev did not demonstrate superior @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: PointBreak subgroup efficacy and safety data were retrospectively analyzed: African Americans versus whites for PemCBev; PemCBev versus PacCBev in African Americans; and @entity4207 versus community settings for African Americans. Hazard ratios (HRs) and P values were derived from a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model after adjusting for covariates. RESULTS: Of 939 intent-to-treat (ITT) @entity1 , 94 were African American and 805 were white. African-American enrollment was uniform across the study sites (median, 1 African American per site). In the PemCBev arm, @entity1349 (HR, 1.125; P  = .525), progression-free survival (PFS) (HR, 1.229; P  = .251), response (P  = .607), and @entity137 profiles were similar in African Americans versus whites. For African Americans, @entity1349 (HR, 1.375; P  = .209), PFS (HR, 0.902; P  = .670), response (P  = 1.000), and @entity137 profiles were similar in the PemCBev versus PacCBev arm. For African Americans, no significant differences were seen in @entity1349 (HR, 0.661; P  = .191) or PFS (HR, 0.969; P  = .915) in @entity4207 versus community practice settings. CONCLUSION: In the PemCBev arm, this exploratory analysis showed no significant differences between African Americans and whites for the efficacy outcomes or @entity137 profiles. Consistent with the ITT population negative trial result, for African Americans, the median @entity1349 was not superior for either arm. For African Americans, PFS and @entity1349 were similar in the  @entity4207 and community settings. Additional outcomes data for African Americans should be collected in @entity2 studies.

title: Exploratory Subset Analysis of African Americans From the PointBreak Study: Pemetrexed- @entity3003 -Bevacizumab Followed by Maintenance Pemetrexed-Bevacizumab Versus @entity1311 - @entity3003 -Bevacizumab Followed by  Maintenance Bevacizumab in XXXX With Stage IIIB/IV Nonsquamous Non-Small-Cell @entity2 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Higher urine @entity460 is a common feature of @entity460 @entity1790 and may be associated with lower bone mineral density in individuals with @entity1290 . However previous population based studies of @entity1290 and the risk of @entity174 demonstrate conflicting results. We examined independent associations between a history of @entity1290 and incident @entity174 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed prospective studies using data from the Nurses' Health Study of 107,001 @entity1 with 32 years of followup and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study of 50,982 @entity1 with 26 years of followup. We excluded premenopausal @entity1 , @entity1 younger than 45 years and individuals who reported @entity170 at baseline. Study outcomes were incident wrist (distal radius) or incident hip (proximal femur) @entity174 due to low or moderate @entity130 . Cox proportional hazards regression was used to adjust for multiple factors, including age, race, body mass index, @entity6662 use, supplemental @entity460 and dietary intakes. RESULTS: There were 4,940 wrist and 2,391 @entity173 in @entity1 , and 862 wrist and 747 @entity173 in @entity1 . All @entity174 were incident. The multivariable adjusted relative risk of incident wrist @entity174 in @entity1 with a history of  @entity1290 compared to @entity1 without @entity1290 was 1.18 (95%  CI  1.04-1.34) in @entity1 and 1.21 (95% CI 1.00-1.47) in @entity1 . The pooled multivariable adjusted relative risk of wrist @entity174 was 1.20 (95% CI  1.08-1.33). The multivariable adjusted relative risk of incident @entity173 in @entity1 with @entity1290 was 0.96 (95% CI 0.80-1.14) in @entity1 and 0.92  (95% CI 0.74-1.14) in @entity1 . The pooled multivariable adjusted relative risk of @entity173 was 0.94 (95% CI 0.82-1.08). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1790 is associated with a significantly higher risk of incident wrist but not @entity173 in @entity1 and @entity1 .

title: XXXX and Risk of Incident Bone @entity174 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture', 'bone fracture']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fractures', 'hip fracture']

entities_list: @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['kidney stones']

entities_list: @entity1790 :: ('MESH:D053040', 'Disease') :: ['Nephrolithiasis', 'nephrolithiasis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity1790 :: (MESH:D053040,Disease) :: ['Nephrolithiasis']


abstract: @entity6081 rates between institutions and over time is only valid if standard, valid and reliable definitions are used. The aim of this review was to assess evidence of validity and reliability of the definition and measurement of surgical wound @entity281 . A systematic review was undertaken of prospective studies of surgical wound @entity281 published over a seven-year period; 1993-1999. The information extracted from individual studies included: @entity6081 ; details of wound assessment scale, scoring or grading scale systems; and evidence of assessment of validity, reliability and feasibility of identified definitions and grading systems. Two independent reviewers appraised 112 prospective studies, 90 of which were eligible for inclusion; eight studies assessed validity and/or reliability. Forty-one different definitions of surgical wound @entity281 were identified, five of which were 'standard' definitions proposed by multi-disciplinary groups. Presence of pus was the most frequently used single component of any definition; the CDC definitions of 1988 and 1992 were the most widely implemented standard definitions; and the ASEPSIS wound assessment scale was the most frequently used quantitative grading tool. Only two formal validations of a definition were found, and six studies of reliability. This review highlights the extent of variation in @entity6081 used in clinical practice, and the need for validation of both content and organization of a surveillance system. However, realistically, there will have to be a balance between the quality of the measurement and the practicality of surveillance.

title: The quality of measurement of surgical wound XXXX as the basis for monitoring: a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity6081 :: ('MESH:D013530', 'Disease') :: ['Comparison of postoperative surgical wound infection', 'definition of surgical wound infection']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: Modification of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) by vestibular habituation is an important paradigm in the study of neural plasticity. The VOR is responsible for rotating the eyes to maintain the direction of gaze during @entity717 . The response of the VOR to @entity717 is quantified by its gain (eye rotational velocity/head rotational velocity) and phase difference (eye velocity phase--inverted head velocity phase). The frequency response of the VOR in na  ve animals has been previously modeled as a @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ). A @entity2101 passes signals above its corner frequency with gain 1 and phase 0 but decreases gain and increases phase lead (positive phase difference) as signal frequency decreases below its corner frequency. Modification of the VOR by habituation occurs after prolonged low-frequency rotation in the dark. @entity734 causes a reduction in low-frequency VOR gain and has been simulated by increasing the corner frequency of the @entity2101 model. This decreases gain not only at the habituating frequency but further decreases gain at all frequencies below the new corner frequency. It also causes phase lead to increase at all frequencies below the new corner frequency (up to some asymptotic value). We show that habituation of the @entity2083 VOR is not a broad frequency phenomena but is frequency specific. A decrease in VOR gain is produced primarily at the habituating frequency, and there is an increase in phase lead at nearby higher frequencies and a decrease in phase lead at nearby lower frequencies (phase crossover). Both the phase crossover and the frequency specific gain decrease make it impossible to simulate habituation of the VOR simply by increasing the corner frequency of the @entity2101 model. The simplest way to simulate our data is to subtract the output of a band-pass filter (BPF) from the output of the @entity2101 model of the na  ve VOR. A BPF passes signals over a limited frequency range only. A BPF decreases gain and imparts a phase lag and lead, respectively, as frequency increases and decreases outside this range. Our model produces both the specific decrease in gain at the habituating frequency, and the phase crossover centered on the frequency of habituation. Our results suggest that VOR habituation may be similar to VOR adaptation (in which VOR modification is produced by @entity227 ) in that both are frequency-specific phenomena.

title: Analysis and modeling of frequency-specific habituation of the XXXX vestibulo-ocular reflex.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual-vestibular mismatch']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['HPF', 'high-pass filter']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['sinusoidal rotation', 'head rotation']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['Habituation']

answer: @entity2083 :: (7957,Species) :: ['goldfish']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tissue transglutaminase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (tTG-ELISA) has recently been proposed as a simple and fast screening test for @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ). The rate of false-positive and false-negative tests with tTG-ELISA, however, has not been definitively established. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate anti-tTG antibodies (TGA) not only in untreated @entity1 with @entity1593 and in healthy controls, but also in a large group of @entity1 with other @entity792 . METHODS: The presence of TGA was investigated in sera from 111 @entity1 with untreated @entity1593 , 96 @entity1 with other autoimmune conditions (28 with @entity409 , 46 with @entity1723 , 10 with @entity29 , 12 with @entity12010 ) and from 100 healthy controls using @entity840 tTG-ELISA (gp-TG/ELISA) and highly purified recombinant @entity1 tTG-ELISA (h-TG/ELISA). Western blotting with @entity840 tTG was also performed. RESULTS: Ninety-four @entity1 with @entity1593 who tested positive for antiendomysial antibodies (AEA) and one who tested negative for AEA showed antibodies against the gp-TG. Among the controls, 50% of @entity1 with @entity409 and 6.5% of @entity1 with @entity1723 tested positive with gp-TG/ELISA. Western blotting experiments revealed that the high rate of positive tests observed using ELISA among the control group sera is attributable to impurities in the gp-TG preparation. However, h-TG/ELISA tests were positive for the sera from all @entity1 who tested positive for AEA and from one control who tested negative for AEA, whereas h-TG/ELISA tests were negative for all @entity1593 @entity1 who tested negative for AEA and for other controls who tested negative for AEA. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of false-negative and false-positive tests represents the major limit to the use of gp-tTG/ELISA. However, because h-TG/ELISA is both simple and fast, it could be used in large screening programs for @entity1593 .

title: Antitissue transglutaminase antibodies outside XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['celiac disease', 'CD']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune liver disease']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity12010 :: ('MESH:D016884', 'Disease') :: ['type 1 polyglandular syndrome']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases']

answer: @entity1593 :: (MESH:D002446,Disease) :: ['celiac disease']


abstract: There is no standard treatment for recurrent @entity463 ( @entity463 ). Retreatment with @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ) is one treatment option. We reasoned this could be more effective if combined with a vaccine that preferentially targeted @entity2904 -resistant cells. To test the feasibility and safety of such an approach, a phase 1 trial was conducted in which @entity1 with @entity463 relapsing after standard chemoradiotherapy were retreated with @entity2904 in combination with a vaccine consisting of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with @entity5 cells that had previously been exposed to @entity2904 in vivo in the course of primary treatment. Of 14 @entity1 , nine @entity1 completed the initial phase of priming vaccinations and two cycles of @entity2904 , one proved to have radionecrosis, one rapidly progressed, and in three the yield of DC vaccine was insufficient to proceed with treatment. Other than expected toxicities related to @entity2904 , there were no adverse events attributable to the combined treatment.  Two @entity1 had objective radiological responses. Six month progression-free survival was 22  %, similar to retreatment with @entity2904 alone. Anti- @entity5 immune responses were assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using interferon-y ELISpot, with two @entity1 meeting criteria for a vaccine-induced immune response, one of whom remained disease-free for nearly three years. Another @entity1 with an anti- @entity5 immune response at baseline that was sustained post-vaccination experienced a 12-month period of progression-free survival. In summary, the combined treatment was safe and well-tolerated but feasibility in the recurrent setting was marginal. Evidence of immune responses in a few @entity1 broadly correlated with better clinical outcome.

title: Dendritic cell vaccination combined with XXXX retreatment: results of a phase I trial in @entity1 with recurrent @entity463 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'autologous tumor']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['GBM tumors', 'glioblastoma multiforme', 'GBM']

answer: @entity2903 :: (MESH:C047246,Chemical) :: ['temozolomide']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the combination of drugs and vitamins, and their doses, for use in a single daily pill to achieve a large effect in preventing @entity65 with minimal adverse effects. The strategy was to simultaneously reduce four cardiovascular risk factors (low density lipoprotein @entity165 , blood pressure, serum @entity1255 , and platelet function) regardless of pretreatment levels. DESIGN: We quantified the efficacy and adverse effects of the proposed formulation from published meta-analyses of randomised trials and cohort studies and a meta-analysis of 15 trials of low dose (50-125 mg/day) @entity117 . OUTCOME MEASURES: Proportional reduction in @entity299 ( @entity299 ) events and @entity64 ; life years gained; and prevalence of adverse effects. RESULTS: The formulation which met our objectives was: a statin (for example, @entity2993 (daily dose 10 mg) or @entity3413 (40 mg)); three blood pressure lowering drugs (for example, a @entity2740 , a beta blocker, and an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor), each at half standard dose; @entity1501 (0.8 mg); and @entity117 (75 mg). We estimate that the combination (which we call the Polypill) reduces @entity299 events by 88% (95% confidence interval 84% to 91%) and @entity64 by 80% (71% to 87%). One third of @entity1 taking this pill from age 55 would benefit, gaining on average about 11 years of life free from an @entity299 event or @entity64 . Summing the adverse effects of the components observed in randomised trials shows that the Polypill would cause symptoms in 8-15% of @entity1 (depending on the precise formulation). CONCLUSION: The Polypill strategy could largely prevent @entity299 and @entity64 if taken by everyone aged 55 and older and everyone with existing @entity65 . It would be acceptably safe and with widespread use would have a greater impact on the prevention of disease in the Western world than any other single intervention.

title: A strategy to reduce XXXX by more than 80%.

entities_list: @entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['folic acid']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity3413 :: ('MESH:D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['simvastatin']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity2993 :: ('MESH:C065179', 'Chemical') :: ['atorvastatin']

entities_list: @entity2740 :: ('CHEBI:50264', 'Chemical') :: ['thiazide']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic heart disease', 'heart attacks', 'IHD']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: A 70-year-old @entity1 presented to us with the chief complaints of a generalized @entity1910 and a mass in the right clavicular region that he first noticed in the year 2012. Biopsy of the mass led to the diagnosis of cutaneous nodular mass-type @entity6494 ( @entity6494 ) in March 2013. Phototherapy was started, and the symptoms improved temporarily. However, in late June 2013, the serum @entity880 dehydrogenase (LDH) level increased to 358 IU/L, which was 1.6 times higher than the upper limit of the reference range; based on the findings, transformation of the disease to the acute type was diagnosed. The @entity1 was treated with 6 courses of @entity3726 therapy ( @entity786 , @entity632 , @entity1891 , and @entity617 ), which resulted in complete remission (CR). However, the @entity1910 recurred in late October 2013, and treatment with mogamulizumab was initiated. A total of 8 courses of mogamulizumab were administered, which resulted in CR. The @entity1910 and cutaneous nodular masses recurred again in January 2014, and a total of 8 courses of mogamulizumab were administered again starting in February 2014. However, the @entity1 's symptoms began to worsen gradually. Phototherapy was also initiated, but had to be discontinued due to the development of photosensitivity. Treatment with the combination of mogamulizumab and @entity2879 (25 mg/day for 21 days) was started in May 2014. The nodular mass rapidly decreased in size. The @entity1910 or cutaneous nodular mass had not recurred as of August 2014. Thus, combined therapy with mogamulizumab plus @entity2879 is considered to be effective for resolution of the cutaneous nodular masses in @entity1 with @entity6494 .

title: A case of post-mogamulizumab relapse of acute-type @entity6494 successfully treated with mogamulizumab and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity6494 :: ('MESH:D015459', 'Disease') :: ['ATLL', 'adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity2879 :: (MESH:D005047,Chemical) :: ['etoposide']


abstract: Breast and @entity1514 in @entity13746 , whether associated or not with @entity509 of the upper limb, have no functional impairment. They present an important cosmetic disgrace. Several methods for correction were proposed: muscular transfer with or without implants. Each one has its advantages and drawbacks. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We operated 20 adolescents and adults with this deformity: 13 females and 7 males. If the inferior bundle of the pectoralis major was always absent, other @entity121 such as aplasia of the latissimus dorsi may complicate the corrective procedure. The choice of the treatment depends upon the importance of the muscular and sometimes associated @entity12391 , in the young @entity1 , the breast development and in both sexes the position of the nipple. RESULTS: The latissimus dorsi transfer may be considered as the most adapted technique for the pestoralis major replacement. The results are often disappointing due to the secondary muscular @entity194 . A composite implant with a part for breast reconstruction and another to fill the subclavicular gap gives satisfactory results but it has the hazards of implants.

title: [Corrective surgery of XXXX in @entity13746 . General review of 20 @entity1 ].

entities_list: @entity12391 :: ('MESH:D013991', 'Disease') :: ['costal aplasia']

entities_list: @entity1514 :: ('MESH:D013896', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic anomalies']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity13746 :: ('MESH:D011045', 'Disease') :: ["Poland's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscular anomalies']

answer: @entity1514 :: (MESH:D013896,Disease) :: ['thoracic anomalies']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: One of the common causes of failure in dacryocystorhinostomy for nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) is @entity33 and @entity82 around the ostium. @entity479 and @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) can potentially reduce scarring by their action on the inflammatory and proliferative phase of wound healing, respectively. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of combined usage of adjunctive @entity1139 and intranasal @entity2713 (TA) in endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EE-DCR). This is a retrospective interventional case series. All @entity1 underwent mechanical EE-DCR in two regional hospitals in Hong Kong from January 2005 to December 2006 were included. All received intraoperative @entity1139 application for 5  min and gelfoam soaked with TA onto the ostium. Main outcome measures include the anatomical and functional success rate at follow-up at least 6  months after operation. Other outcomes include @entity532 occurred during and after operation. A total of 73 EE-DCR were performed in 69 @entity1 . Three @entity1 had simultaneous bilateral DCR; one had sequential DCRs for both sides. At the last follow-up, anatomical success was achieved in 68 cases (93  %) and both anatomical with functional success in 67 cases (92  %). No major complication was observed. Minor @entity532 included asymptomatic @entity33 between the nasal septum and lateral nasal wall in one @entity1 and moderate secondary @entity548 in another. EE-DCR with adjunctive @entity1139 and TA is a safe and successful procedure for the treatment of NLDO.

title: Safety and efficacy of adjunctive intranasal XXXX and @entity2713 in endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2713 :: ('MESH:D014221', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal scarring', 'mucosal adhesion']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['complications']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['mitomycin C']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Viruses are the most prevalent ausative agents of @entity2401 in young @entity1 . Studies have shown @entity2401 in post mortem examinations during @entity1800 outbreaks. The aims of this study are to assess the prevalence of and risk factors for subclinical @entity2401 in young @entity1 hospitalized with an @entity697 . OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of the prevalence of asymptomatic @entity2401 or decrease in heart functions during @entity1800 . METHODS: A prospective study was conducted between 1st January and 30th September, 2009. The study included 45 @entity1 3-60 months old hospitalized with @entity221 with no clinical or microbiological evidence of acute @entity2348 . Serum levels of troponin were obtained, and ECG and echocardiography were performed in all the @entity1 . Parameters that determined @entity2401 included: (1) ECG ST-T changes suggestive of @entity2401 ; (2) Increased serum troponin level; (3) Echocardiography findings including: shortening fraction less than 28%, left ventricle end diastolic diameter > than 2 standard deviations for age, abnormal @entity339 , or abnormal diastolic function. Clinical and epidemiological data were analyzed in order to determine parameters related to findings suggestive of silent @entity2401 . RESULTS: In 16 (35%) @entity1 at least one parameter, and in 7 (16%) at least 2 parameters of @entity2401 were found. Impaired diastolic function was found in 11 cases (69%), ECG changes in 5 @entity1 (35%, left ventricle dilatation in 4 (25%), and decreased shortening fraction in 3 cases (18%]. Other symptoms and signs of @entity2401 were not found in any of the 16 @entity1 , and no clinical or epidemiological parameter was significantly associated with silent @entity2401 . CONCLUSIONS: In a third of the @entity1 , some evidence of @entity296 was documented. In seven of them (16% of all cases), there were two different categories of @entity296 . Those cases are suspected to be silent @entity2401 . No clinical and epidemiological parameters associated with the disease were found. The clinical importance of this phenomenon should be determined by a long-term follow-up study. SUMMARY: In this preliminary study, we found a high prevalence of cardiac involvement in hospitalised @entity1 with @entity1800 . It seems that this cardiac involvement is due to acute sub-clinical @entity2401 . The importance of these findings should be evaluated.

title: [THE PREVALENCE OF SUBCLINICAL MYOCARDITIS AMONG YOUNG XXXX WITH ACUTE VIRAL INFECTION].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute viral disease']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve incompetence']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infections', 'viral infection', 'viral disease']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['myocarditis', 'acute myocarditis']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['febrile illness']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['CHILDREN']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Islet cell transplantation holds a potential cure for type 1 @entity6 , but many islet recipients do not reach long-lasting insulin independence. In this exploratory study, we investigated whether serum cytokines, chemokines and adipokines are associated with the clinical outcome of islet transplantation. METHODS: Thirteen islet transplant @entity1 were selected on basis of good graft function (reaching insulin independence) or insufficient engraftment (insulin requiring) from our cohort receiving standardized grafts and immune suppressive therapy. @entity1 reaching insulin independence were divided in those with continued (>12 months) versus transient (<6 months) insulin independence. A panel of 94 proteins including cytokines and adipokines was measured in sera taken before and at one year after transplantation using a validated multiplex immunoassay platform. RESULTS: Ninety serum proteins were detectable in concentrations varying markedly among @entity1 at either time point. Thirteen markers changed after transplantation, while another seven markers changed in a clinical subpopulation. All other markers remained unaffected after transplantation under generalized immunosuppression. Patterns of cytokines could distinguish good graft function from insufficient function including @entity686 , @entity8020 , @entity6826 and @entity10732 before and after transplantation, by @entity17090 , @entity10557 , @entity2252 and @entity6824 only before and by @entity13236 , @entity6889 , @entity31309 , S100A12 and sCD14 after transplantation. Three other proteins ( @entity1243 , @entity17913 and S100A12) associated with loss of temporary graft function before or after transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: Distinct cytokine signatures could be identified in serum that predict or associate with clinical outcome. These serum markers may help guiding @entity1 selection and choice of immunotherapy, or act as novel drug targets in islet transplantation.

title: Serum Cytokines as Biomarkers in Islet Cell Transplantation for Type 1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: AIMS: In this retrospective study we assessed the predictive value of the coronary @entity460 score for significant (>50%) @entity850 relative to conventional risk factors. METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated 5515 symptomatic @entity1 from Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the USA. All had risk factor assessment, computed tomographic coronary angiogram (CTCA) or conventional angiography and a CT scan for coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) scoring. 1539 (27.9%) @entity1 had significant @entity850 , 5.5% of whom had zero CAC. In 5074 @entity1 , multiple binary regression showed the most important predictor of significant @entity850 to be male gender (B=1.07) followed by @entity6 (B=0.70) smoking, hypercholesterolaemia, @entity101 , family history of CAD and age but not @entity28 . When the log transformed CAC score was included, it became the most powerful predictor (B=1.25), followed by male gender (B=0.48), @entity6 , smoking, family history and age but hypercholesterolaemia and @entity101 lost significance. The CAC score is a more accurate predictor of >50% @entity850 than risk factors regardless of the means of assessment of @entity850 . The sensitivity of risk factors, CAC score and the combination for prediction of >50% @entity850 when measured by conventional angiogram was considerably higher than when assessed by CTCA but the specificity was considerably higher when assessed by CTCA. The accuracy of CTCA for predicting >50% @entity850 using the CAC score alone was higher (AUC=0.85) than using a combination of the CAC score and risk factors with conventional angiography (AUC=0.81). CONCLUSION: In symptomatic @entity1 , the CAC score is a more accurate predictor of significant @entity3979 than conventional risk factors.

title: The coronary XXXX score is a more accurate predictor of significant @entity3979 than conventional risk factors in symptomatic @entity1 : Euro-CCAD study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: @entity1007 may render @entity731 plaques prone to rupture. To test this hypothesis, catheters with matrix-covered balloons were implanted into the aorta of @entity95 fed standard or 0. 5% @entity165 chow (n=70). In 1 month, fibrous plaques developed around the balloon. Time-dependent accumulation of @entity8557 and free @entity165 was detected in the plaques of the @entity165 -fed group only. The pressure needed to rupture the plaque by balloon inflation was used as an index of plaque strength. Three months after the catheter implantation, the breaking pressure was 2.1 times lower (P<0.05) in @entity165 -fed @entity95 . It was accompanied by collagen loss, as measured by plaque @entity720 content, but not with deficiency of collagen cross-linking. Sirius red staining showed preservation of collagen originally covering the balloon and accumulation of nascent collagen in the lesions of standard chow-fed @entity95 . In the @entity165 -fed group, both mature and new collagen underwent degradation predominantly in the plaque shoulders. Collagen breakdown was associated with local accumulation of foamy macrophages. Gel zymography demonstrated relative enhancement of gelatinolytic activity at 92 and 72 kDa, as well as caseinolytic activity at 57, 45, and 19 kDa in the lipid-laden plaques. Lipid accumulation in the plaque was also associated with a loss of smooth muscle cells, the cellular source of the collagen fibers. The remaining smooth muscle cells showed increased collagen synthesis, although it was insufficient to counterbalance collagen degradation and cell loss. Thus, we have obtained direct evidence that @entity1007 is accompanied by enhanced local collagen degradation, which is potentially responsible for @entity527 .

title: XXXX causes mechanical weakening of @entity95 atheroma : local collagen loss as a prerequisite of plaque rupture.

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['plaque weakening']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['Hypercholesterolemia', 'hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity720 :: ('CHEBI:18095', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyproline']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity8557 :: ('MESH:D002788', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesteryl esters']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1007 :: (MESH:D006937,Disease) :: ['Hypercholesterolemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) are brief cognitive screening tools that have been developed for the screening of @entity1 with Mild @entity73 . METHODS: A total of 105 @entity1 were included in this study, aged 53-89  years, with acute @entity385 admitted to hospital and fell into two groups: @entity64 @entity1 with @entity73 (SCI) and controls with no @entity73 (n-SCI). The @entity1 's characteristics are collected and regression analyses were performed to predict @entity73 . We use MMSE and MoCA assessment as prognostic indices for @entity73 of @entity1 's with @entity64 . OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to examine the effectiveness of the MMSE and MoCA in screening @entity73 . MAIN RESULTS: There were significant difference among the two groups in the prevalence of @entity6 (p < 0.05) and @entity4522 (p < 0.05). A linear regression determined that the age, @entity6 , @entity4522 predicted the @entity73 . The ROC results for MoCA with an AUC of 0.882 and the corresponding results for MMSE show a similar AUC of 0.839. CONCLUSION: Neuropsychological performance of @entity64 @entity1 was influenced by biological and demographic variables: age, @entity6 and @entity4522 . The MoCA and MMSE are both reliable assessments for the diagnosis of @entity73 after @entity64 .

title: The use of MMSE and MoCA in @entity1 with acute XXXX in clinical.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'Cognitive Impairment', 'cognitive impairments']

entities_list: @entity4522 :: ('MESH:D002537', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine the role of arcitumomab ( @entity787 -Scan; Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ), an anticarcinoembryonic antigen ( @entity787 ) @entity1334 ' labeled with @entity1136 , in the presurgical evaluation of @entity1 with recurrent or metastatic @entity14 . SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Surgical resection is the only method known to cure recurrent or metastatic @entity14 . The location and extent of disease must be determined before surgery. The role of antibody imaging, a new @entity5 detection modality, in preoperative evaluation for resection of locally recurrent or metastatic @entity14 has not been established, either alone or in combination with standard diagnostic modalities. METHODS: In a blinded analysis of 209 @entity1 with known or suspected @entity14 , the accuracy of arcitumomab, alone and combined with computed tomography (CT), was compared to that of CT for predicting @entity5 resectability by correlating the results with surgical and histopathologic findings. RESULTS: Arcitumomab alone or combined with CT was found to be significantly more accurate for predicting surgical outcome than CT alone. When the results of CT and arcitumomab were concordant for abdominopelvic resectability, nonresectability, or absence of disease, the prediction was accurate in 67%, 100%, and 64%, respectively. Thus, the concordance for nonresectability (100% correct) may obviate the need for other diagnostic modalities or exploratory surgery. When the two tests were discordant, arcitumomab was correct substantially more often than CT. Because the liver is the most common site of distant metastasis in @entity14 , a subset of @entity1 with @entity99 was also analyzed; findings were similar to the overall resectability results. The product's safety profile was excellent: the incidence of induction of an immune response against arcitumomab was <1% and that of potentially adverse events was 1.2%. CONCLUSIONS: The accuracy of arcitumomab for assessing resectability status is greater than that of CT, both in all @entity1 undergoing evaluation for curative abdominopelvic resection of @entity14 and in the subset of @entity1 with suspected or proven liver metastases. The additional use of arcitumomab with CT potentially doubles the number of @entity1 who could be saved the cost, morbidity, and mortality of unnecessary abdominopelvic surgery and increases those who are potentially resectable for cure by 40%.

title: Use of carcinoembryonic antigen radioimmunodetection and computed tomography for predicting the resectability of recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1136 :: ('MESH:D013667', 'Chemical') :: ['technetium-99m']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['abdominopelvic tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer', 'colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic disease']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3928 between @entity27 ( @entity68174 ) and @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) is important but under-recognised. We aimed to determine the prevalence of @entity3928 and the predictors of @entity68174 in @entity1 with @entity1030 . METHODS: @entity1 aged >=  40 years were recruited from a dedicated @entity1030 clinic and underwent overnight polysomnography. A diagnosis of @entity68174 was made when apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) was >=  5. RESULTS: In all, 22 @entity1 (aged 71    9 years), predominantly @entity1 , were recruited. Mean values recorded were: predicted forced expiratory volume in the first second percentage 55    15; body mass index 23.7    6.5 kg/m2; Epworth Sleepiness Scale score 5.6    5.8; and AHI 15.8    18.6. Among the 14 @entity1 with @entity68174 (prevalence of @entity3928 at 63.6%), the mean number of hospital visits for @entity1030 exacerbations in the preceding one year was 0.5    0.7. @entity1 with @entity3928 had worse modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale scores and a lower percentage of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep than @entity1 without. There were no other statistical differences in lung function or sleep study indices between the two @entity1 groups. CONCLUSION: The majority of our @entity1 had @entity3928 and minimal exacerbations, and were not obese or sleepy. Significant differences between @entity1 with and without @entity3928 were seen in two aspects - the former was more dyspnoeic and had less REM sleep. Our findings suggest that standard clinical predictors cannot be used for @entity1 with @entity3928 , and therefore, a high index of suspicion is needed.

title: XXXX between @entity1030 and @entity27 in a Southeast Asian teaching hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3928 :: ('MESH:C536030', 'Disease') :: ['Overlap syndrome', 'overlap syndrome']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnoea']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

answer: @entity3928 :: (MESH:C536030,Disease) :: ['Overlap syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between the @entity1781 in @entity726 and ocular and systemic haemodynamic disturbance. METHODS: The color Doppler imaging was used to study blood velocity in the ophthalmic, the central retinal and the short posterior ciliary arteries in 34 @entity1 with @entity725 , 31 @entity1 with low tension @entity726 and 90 healthy controls. The peak systolic velocity(PSV), the end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistive index (RI) in each artery were measured, moreover the nailfold microcirculation and blood viscosity in each @entity1 were examined. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the PSV and EDV of the central retinal arteries were significantly lower while the RI of the central retinal arteries was significantly higher in both POAG and LTG @entity1 . The RI of the short posterior ciliary arteries however was significantly higher in POAG. Nailfold microcirculation shows that some important parameters, including flow pattern, loop surrounding, morphological weighted value, total weighted value and @entity85 rate in the two @entity726 groups were higher, whereas the flow velocity was lower than in the control group. The plasm viscosity and the whole blood viscosity (low spear) were higher than normal. According to our measurements, the nailfold microcirculation and blood viscosity was worse at the end stage of @entity726 than at early stage. The correlative analysis between measurement results of color doppler imaging and microcirculation and heamorrheology showed that nailfold microcirculation morphological weighted value was negatively correlated with the EDV of the central retinal artery and positively correlated with the RI of the central retinal artery in LTG @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The abnormity of ocular haemodynamics and systemic microcirculation and blood viscosity is one important factor of @entity1781 in @entity726 .

title: [The relationship between ophthalmic nerve lesion in XXXX and ocular and systemic haemodynamic disturbance].

entities_list: @entity725 :: ('MESH:C562750', 'Disease') :: ['primary open angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve lesion', 'optic nerve damage']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['capillary deformity']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To perform MRI cerebellum volumetry in @entity1 exposed to @entity3174 and to identify factors associated with @entity76 ( @entity76 ). METHODS: From 100 consecutive @entity302 @entity1 we selected those with @entity3174 use for more than 2 months and with MRI scan available for volumetric studies. We obtained cerebellar volumes corrected for total intracranial volume. Volumes below 2 standard deviations from the mean of control group were considered abnormal. RESULTS: We studied 56 @entity1 (33 @entity1 ). Mean age was 33.6 years and mean duration of @entity302 was 17.6 years. Mean daily dose of @entity3174 was 301 mg. @entity76 was detected in 20 (35.7%) @entity1 . @entity76 was not associated with frequent generalised @entity410 . @entity76 correlated with duration of @entity302 (r=-0.34; P=0.01) and years of treatment with @entity3174 (r=-0.48; P=0.001), but not with age and mean daily dosage of @entity3174 (P>0.05). However, a multiple correlation analysis as well as a backward stepwise multiple regression analysis including all variables showed that only duration of treatment was significantly associated with @entity76 (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity76 is frequently associated with long-term use of @entity3174 . Although duration of @entity302 may have an influence in the @entity76 , this is clearly less important than the time of exposure to @entity3174 .

title: Cerebellar volume and long-term use of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar atrophy', 'CA']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

answer: @entity3174 :: (MESH:D010672,Chemical) :: ['phenytoin']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study mortality in subjects with @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ), @entity231 , or @entity1538 ( @entity1538 ) in comparison with those without these disorders. DESIGN: Population-based prospective cohort study. @entity1 : Subjects (n = 6339) aged 55 years and older from the population-based Rotterdam Study for whom complete information on @entity2194 status was present. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Vital status continuously monitored from 1990 until January 1, 2000. METHODS: The diagnosis of @entity1020 was made according to the International Classification System. @entity231 , determined on biomicroscopy, was defined as any sign of nuclear or (sub)cortical @entity231 , or both, in at least one eye with a visual acuity of 20/40 or less. @entity4118 and @entity6781 in at least one eye were classified as operated @entity231 . Definite @entity1538 was defined as a @entity1781 combined with a glaucomatous @entity227 . Diagnoses were assessed at baseline. Mortality hazard ratios were computed using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, adjusted for appropriate confounders (age, gender, smoking status, body mass index, @entity165 level, @entity731 , @entity101 , history of @entity65 , and @entity6 ). RESULTS: The adjusted mortality hazard ratio for subjects with @entity13785 (n = 104) was 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52-1.68), with biomicroscopic @entity231 (n = 951) was 0.94 (95% CI, 0.74-1.21), with surgical @entity231 (n = 298) was 1.20 (95% CI, 0.86-1.68), and with definite @entity1538 (n = 44) was 0.39 (95% CI, 0.10-1.55). CONCLUSIONS: Both @entity1020 and @entity231 are predictors of shorter survival because they have risk factors that also affect mortality. When adjusted for these factors, @entity1020 , @entity231 , and @entity1538 were themselves not significantly associated with mortality.

title: Is there a direct association between age-related XXXX and mortality? The Rotterdam Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['eye disease']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field defect']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open-angle glaucoma', 'OAG']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['Cataract', 'cataract']

entities_list: @entity6781 :: ('MESH:D019591', 'Disease') :: ['pseudophakia']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous optic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['ARM', 'age-related maculopathy']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity2194 :: (MESH:D005128,Disease) :: ['eye diseases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The response rate of advanced or recurrent @entity356 to @entity11730 (TS-1) is 46.5%, which is higher than the response rate of this type of @entity5 to any other anticancer agent. However, the incidence of adverse reactions to this drug has also been reported to be as high as 83.2%. According to a postmarketing survey, adverse reactions to this drug begin to appear 2-3 weeks after the start of drug administration. With these findings in mind, we recently devised a new dosing regimen for the drug, by which the drug is administered for 2-week periods separated by 1-week drug-free intervals (the 2-week regimen). The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of the 2-week regimen in comparison with a 4-week dosing regimen with a 2-week interval between sessions (the 4-week regimen) as the historical control. METHODS: The subjects were 27 @entity1 with advanced or recurrent @entity356 who received @entity11730 therapy at our center between September 1999 and November 2001. Of these @entity1 , 14 who received the 4-week regimen before January 2001 served as historical controls, and the results in these @entity1 were compared with those of the remaining 13 @entity1 , who received the 2-week regimen after February 2001. @entity1 backgrounds, adverse reactions, compliance, and efficacy were investigated retrospectively. RESULTS: The incidence of adverse reactions tended to be lower in the 2-week-regimen group (77%) than in the 4-week-regimen group (93%). The percentage of @entity1 who received the drug for 6 months in complete compliance with the dosing schedule, as calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, was 85% in the 2-week-regimen group and 40% in the 4-week-regimen group. The response rate to the drug was 23% in the 2-week-regimen group and 21% in the 4-week-regimen group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that this 2-week regimen may mitigate adverse reactions and prolong the medication period.

title: A new regimen for XXXX therapy aiming at adverse reaction mitigation and prolonged medication by introducing a 1-week drug-free interval after each 2-week dosing session: efficacy and feasibility in clinical practice.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity11730 :: (5707,Gene) :: ['S-1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity66 ( @entity66 ), due to pro-oxidant species [reactive @entity26 species (ROS)] excess not counterbalanced by endogenous antioxidant molecules [e.g., @entity2041 ( @entity6172 )], is involved in the pathogenesis of @entity1 @entity5 , but few data are available on essential @entity1148 (ET). This study aims to investigate @entity66 in ET off-therapy @entity1 . Thirty ET treatment-na  ve @entity1 were compared with 26 age-matched and gender-matched controls. Serum ROS, urinary @entity7599 , full blood @entity6172 levels, and reduced/oxidized @entity6172 ratio ( @entity6172 / @entity9492 ) were measured. Data were adjusted for gender, age, @entity4016 mutational status, smoking, @entity2299 , or @entity1007 requiring drug therapy, antiplatelet therapy, treatment with @entity117 , high-sensitive @entity1851 levels, and absolute monocyte count. ROS and @entity6172 levels were increased in both @entity1 and controls. @entity1 showed increased @entity9492 (p   =   0.05), reduced @entity6172 / @entity9492 ratio (p   =   0.08), and similar @entity7599 levels when compared with controls. No differences in @entity66 parameters were found between @entity4016 -positive and @entity4016 -negative @entity1 . Confounding factors did not modify the results. Our study suggests an @entity66 in a cohort of treatment-na  ve ET @entity1 , not associated with @entity4016 mutational status or with chronic @entity32 situation. @entity6172 / @entity9492 ratio, altered in ET @entity1 because of increased @entity9492 levels, showed the presence of higher @entity6172 levels in ET than controls as a possible compensatory mechanism of an excess of pro-oxidant production. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Oxidative status in treatment-na  ve essential XXXX : a pilot study in a single center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1148 :: ('MESH:D013922', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocythemia']

entities_list: @entity7599 :: ('MESH:C040791', 'Chemical') :: ['8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Oxidative stress', 'OS', 'OS condition']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['reduced glutathione']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1148 :: (MESH:D013922,Disease) :: ['thrombocythemia']