abstract: UNASSIGNED: Voltage-gated @entity4024 channels (VGSCs) mediate action potential firing and regulate adhesion and migration in excitable cells. VGSCs are also expressed in @entity5 cells. In metastatic @entity0 ( @entity0 ) cells, the @entity1788 a subunit potentiates migration and invasion. In addition, the VGSC-inhibiting antiepileptic drug @entity3174 inhibits @entity5 growth and @entity3 . However, the functional activity of @entity1788 and its specific contribution to @entity5 progression in vivo has not been delineated. Here, we found that @entity1788 is up-regulated at the protein level in @entity0 compared with matched normal breast tissue. Na+ current, reversibly blocked by @entity1022 , was retained in @entity5 cells in @entity5 tissue slices, thus directly confirming functional VGSC activity in vivo. Stable down-regulation of @entity1788 expression significantly reduced @entity5 growth, local invasion into surrounding tissue, and @entity3 to liver, lungs and spleen in an orthotopic @entity0 model. @entity1788 down-regulation had no effect on cell proliferation or angiogenesis within the in @entity5 , but increased apoptosis. In vitro, @entity1788 down-regulation altered cell morphology and reduced @entity1759 expression, suggesting that VGSC activity may regulate cellular invasion via the @entity1759 -src-cortactin signaling axis. We conclude that @entity1788 is functionally active in @entity5 cells in @entity0 , enhancing growth and metastatic dissemination. These findings support the notion that compounds targeting @entity1788 may be useful for reducing @entity3 .

title: @entity1788 regulates XXXX growth and metastatic dissemination in vivo.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast tumors', 'BCa']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1022 :: ('MESH:D013779', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrodotoxin']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast tumor']


abstract: An enormous number of synthetic chemicals are incorporated in topical drugs, cosmetics and toiletries. These have the potential to cause irritant reactions when chronically applied to @entity1 skin. In predictive tests for assessing the irritancy potential of these chemicals, haired species, especially @entity95 , @entity840 and @entity19 , have figured prominently. Customarily these tests, including the renowned Draize @entity95 test, have entailed a single acute exposure or at most daily exposures over a few weeks. Estimation of @entity32 and tissue injury in these models have relied on visual assessment. We submit that this approach is no longer acceptable. Visual assessments are unreliable. Reactions which are scored equivalently by the naked eye may differ strikingly when examined histologically. Moreover, tissue injury may be present in clinically normal skin. Short-term results. even when abetted by routine histological evaluations, cannot predict the degree of injury from long-term exposures. Cosmetics and toiletries, for example, are used daily for decades, often over most of the lifespan of @entity1 who are well groomed. We present the hairless @entity19 as a convenient, reliable model for assessing the chronic @entity137 of diverse chemicals. Histological examination enables a detailed description of the different tissue components which participate in the complex cascade of changes that comprise the inflammatory response.

title: A hairless XXXX model for assessing the chronic @entity137 of topically applied chemicals.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 with @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ) are often tested for @entity49 , which are hereditary and acquired conditions that predispose to @entity715 . If a @entity74 is identified, then testing is often performed on members of the @entity1 's family. Testing for these conditions can be complex, as the presence of acute @entity715 and antithrombotic therapies can make the results of many tests unreliable. Many risk factors for @entity715 exist that are not routinely assessed by laboratory testing, and it is likely that many @entity74 remain to be discovered. Also, various risk factors for @entity715 interact with one another. Therefore, the results of a laboratory @entity49 evaluation provide a limited ability to assess a @entity1 or family members' risk for future @entity715 , and such testing usually does not provide information that improves a management decision. @entity49 testing is expensive and carries potential risks. This article reviews common @entity49 , their epidemiology and classification, and timing and technical aspects of accurate testing and provides rational suggestions for the use of @entity49 testing in five clinical situations: (1) following provoked @entity1151 (or other @entity1211 ), (2) following unprovoked @entity1211 , (3) in relatives of @entity1 with @entity715 , (4) in female relatives of @entity1 with @entity715 considering @entity172 use, and (5) in female relatives of @entity1 with @entity715 who are considering pregnancy. Published guidelines and guidance statements from professional societies and other groups are also reviewed. Clinicians should carefully consider the relevant risks and benefits before testing @entity1 for @entity49 . When performed, testing should be timed correctly and care should be taken to properly interpret results. New models that incorporate multiple genetic and clinical markers may improve the utility of testing, but these await further research.

title: Thrombophilic Evaluation in XXXX with @entity1151 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophilias', 'Thrombophilia', 'thrombophilia']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'acute pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary thrombophilia conditions', 'hereditary condition']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Parthenogenetic embryos are useful in many applications, such as being an alternative source of embryonic stem cells that would avoid ethical problems. Aberrance in epigenetic reprogramming is considered the major reason for the developmental failure of parthenogenetic embryos. Many histone deacetylase inhibitors have been shown to improve the reprogramming of stem cells and embryos. Here, the relationship between histone modification and parthenogenetic embryonic development was explored. METHODS: @entity1092 ( @entity3262 ) treatment was applied during the culture of parthenogenetic embryos. The abundance of histone modifiers was examined by immunofluorescence and quantified by Image-pro software. RESULTS: The acH3K9 level in in vitro fertilized embryos was significantly higher than parthenogenetic embryos. @entity3262 treatment improved both the blastocyst formation rate and the acH3K9 level in parthenogenetic embryos. The signal intensities of acH4K5 and H3K4me2 were also enhanced in @entity3262 treated embryos. The H3K27me2 level was decreased in the @entity3262 treated embryos at the 2-cell stage. However, the enhancement in the acH3K9, acH4K5 and H3K4me2 level, or the decrease in the H3K27me2 level disappeared shortly after @entity3262 withdrawal. CONCLUSION: Optimizing histone modifications for a short time following activation was sufficient to enhance the in vitro development of parthenogenetic embryos.

title: XXXX Improves Porcine Parthenogenetic Embryo Development Through Transient Remodeling of Histone Modifiers.

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['Valproic acid']

answer: @entity1092 :: (MESH:D014635,Chemical) :: ['Valproic Acid']


abstract: The authors report a case of 25-year-old @entity1 with a rare acute presentation of @entity722 ( @entity722 ) as an @entity43 . Right salpingoo-ooferectomy was performed. The pathological diagnosis was @entity722 One month after the surgery there was a three-cm @entity42 in the contralateral ovary and the @entity5 size increased to six cm in diameter in the following month. Serum inhibin-B levels progressively increased. Cystectomy was performed to contralateral ovary as frozen-section examination indicated @entity5 . Final histopathological examination revealed @entity5 . Regarding her request, the @entity1 was reoperated again and unilateral oophorectomy and hysterectomy were performed. Clinicians must be aware of the possibility of an underlying @entity5 associated with adnexal torsion even in young @entity1 . Frozen section will be helpful in order to avoid incomplete surgeries. Cyst rapidly growing in the ovary in young @entity1 should raise the suspicion of a de novo @entity5 .

title: XXXX presenting with @entity43 and de novo @entity43 in the contralateral ovary.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian torsion']

entities_list: @entity722 :: ('MESH:D006106', 'Disease') :: ['GCT', 'granulosa cell tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'mucinous tumor', 'borderline mucinous tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity42 :: ('MESH:D010048', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cyst']

answer: @entity722 :: (MESH:D006106,Disease) :: ['Granulosa cell tumor']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Adrenohepatic fusion means union between the adrenal gland and the liver, intermingling its parenchymas. It is not possible to identify this condition by image tests. Its presence implies radical and multidisciplinar approach. PRESENTATION OF CASES: We report two female cases of 45 and 50 years old with clinical virilization and palpable mass on the abdominal right upper quadrant corresponding to @entity1636 with hepatic fusion. The contrast-enhanced tomography showed an indistinguishable mass involving the liver and the right adrenal gland. In the first case, the @entity1 had a two-time operation, the former removing only the @entity4304 , and the second performing a radical surgery after an early relapse. In the second case, a radical right en bloc adrenohepatectomy was performed. Both cases were pathologically reported as @entity96 . Only in the second case the surgery was radical effective as first intention to treat, with 3 years of disease-free survival. DISCUSSION: ACC is a rare entity with poor prognosis. The major indicators of @entity5 are @entity5 diameter over 6cm, local invasion or @entity3 , secretion of @entity288 , virilization and @entity101 and hypokalaemia. The parenchymal fusion of the adrenal cortical layer can be misdiagnosed as @entity157 with adhesion with the Glisson capsule. AHF in such cases may be misinterpreted during surgery, what may impair its resectability, and therefore the survival. The surgical treatment must be performed en bloc, often using liver vascular control. Postoperative treatment must be offered immediately after surgery. CONCLUSION: We report two consecutive rare cases of adrenohepatic fusion in giant right @entity1636 , not detectable by imaging, what has important implications for the surgical decision-making. As radical surgery is the best choice to offer a curative treatment, it has to be performed by a multidisciplinary well-assembled team, counting with endocrine and liver surgeons, and transplant surgeons in case of vena cava involvement, in order to maximize the disease-free survival.

title: Adrenohepatic fusion: Adhesion or invasion in primary XXXX ? Implications for surgical resection. Two case report and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver-infiltrating adrenal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

entities_list: @entity1636 :: ('MESH:D018268', 'Disease') :: ['adrenocortical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4304 :: ('MESH:D000310', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal carcinoma']

answer: @entity4304 :: (MESH:D000310,Disease) :: ['virilizant giant adrenal carcinoma']


abstract: In a controlled and randomised double-blind study, 26 healthy adult volunteers consumed, for 21 d, 400 ml of a rose-hip drink containing oats (0.7 g/100ml) fermented with @entity1336 DSM 9843 (RHL; containing 5 x 10(7) cfu ml(-1)), and 22 volunteers in a second group the same amount of a pure rose-hip drink (RH). Significant increases in the total faecal concentration of @entity7574 (P < 0.05 after 1 week and P < 0.01 after 3 weeks of intake), @entity1543 (P < 0.01 after 3 weeks of intake) and @entity6137 (P < 0.01 after 3 weeks of intake and P < 0.05 eight days after intake ceased) were recorded in the RHL group, indicating increased fermentation in the colon. In both groups a significant increase was obtained in the concentration of faecal @entity880 (P < 0.001 after 1 and 3 weeks of intake). No changes were seen in the concentration of faecal butyrate. The numbers of faecal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli increased significantly in both groups after 3 weeks of intake. @entity18765 -reducing clostridia rapidly decreased in the group receiving the product with Lb. plantarum DSM 9843 after 1 week of intake, and then also in the pure rose-hip group after 3 weeks of intake. No changes were seen in the numbers of total anaerobes, gram-negative anaerobes or total aerobes during administration. Lb. plantarum DSM 9843 was recovered in faeces from all volunteers in the RHL group. Median amounts were 7.0 (5.0-8.8) log10 cfu g(-1) after one week of intake, and 6.7 (5.0-8.9) log10 cfu g(-1) after 3 weeks, respectively. The strain was still recovered from faeces of five volunteers 8 d after administration ceased (> 4.8 log10 cfu g(-1)). During the period of intake the volunteers in the RHL group experienced a significant increase in stool volume, a significant decrease in flatulence and slightly softer stools. Volunteers in the RH group experienced a slight but significant decrease in stool volume.

title: Survival of XXXX DSM 9843 (299v), and effect on the short-chain fatty acid content of faeces after ingestion of a rose-hip drink with fermented oats.

entities_list: @entity7574 :: ('MESH:D002264', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxylic acids']

entities_list: @entity18765 :: ('CHEBI:17359', 'Chemical') :: ['Sulphite']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

entities_list: @entity1336 :: ('1590', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus plantarum']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

entities_list: @entity6137 :: ('MESH:C029658', 'Chemical') :: ['propionic acid']

answer: @entity1336 :: (1590,Species) :: ['Lactobacillus plantarum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3528 ( @entity3528 ) is a common @entity74 in @entity1 with @entity177 . Despite the development of new therapeutic agents, a majority of @entity1 will require parathyroidectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate total parathyroidectomy with auto-transplantation of trace amounts of parathyroid tissue as a surgical option in @entity5507 @entity3528 treatment. METHODS: Clinical data of 50 @entity3528 @entity1 who underwent total parathyroidectomy with auto-transplantation between January 2011 and December 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. Symptoms such as @entity158 and @entity174 , concentrations of intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), levels of ionized @entity460 and serum @entity3151 , and activity of alkaline phosphatase were recorded before and after parathyroidectomy. RESULTS: After operation, signs of @entity111 , @entity158 and @entity425 was disappeared, iPTH level and serum @entity4613 concentration were declined markedly. No @entity260 were observed. Follow-up observation was around 28 months. One female @entity1 (2%) died 3 months after surgery due to @entity712 , and another @entity1 (2%) had persistent disease. All other @entity1 recovered during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Total parathyroidectomy with auto-transplantation of trace amounts of parathyroid tissue was considered to be a feasible, safe and effective surgical option for the treatment of @entity3528 .

title: Application of total parathyroidectomy with auto-transplantation for XXXX secondary hyperparathyroidism treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity3528 :: ('MESH:D006962', 'Disease') :: ['Secondary hyperparathyroidism', 'sHPT']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['serious postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['acquired disorder']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['bone pain']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

answer: @entity5507 :: (MESH:D014511,Disease) :: ['uremia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This is a retrospective study aimed at clarifying the details of recurrence patterns and sites in @entity1 with @entity5 treated with definitive @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ). METHODS: Data were analyzed from consecutive @entity1 , admitted to our institution between 2001 and 2013, who had received definitive @entity1161 , with or without chemotherapy, for International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages IB. @entity5 . RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-seven @entity1 formed the @entity1 cohort. The median follow-up period for surviving @entity1 was 57.0 months. A complete response was achieved in 121 (88%) @entity1 . Of these, 36 (30%) developed a @entity5 recurrence during follow-up. The first sites of recurrence were located in intra- @entity1161 fields in nine, outside @entity1161 fields in 20, and both in seven @entity1 . In the intra- @entity1161 field group, all @entity1 showed a local recurrence, while no one experienced an isolated @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) recurrence. In the outside @entity1161 field group, the most frequent site of recurrence was lung (60%), and three-quarters of @entity1 were free from intra- @entity1161 field recurrence until the last follow-up. Of the entire cohort, including 48 @entity1600 -positive @entity1 , only seven (5.1%) @entity1 developed @entity1600 persistence or recurrence, all in the common iliac, internal iliac, and/or obturator nodes, and all with another synchronous relapse. CONCLUSION: @entity66 was a major type of intra- @entity1161 field recurrence, while @entity1600 control was favorable even in initially @entity1600 -positive @entity1 . The predominance of outside @entity1161 field recurrence alone highlights issues concerning distant control, including the intensity enhancement of systematic therapy.

title: Details of recurrence sites after definitive @entity1161 for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Local disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['IVA cervical cancer', 'cancer', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['PLN', 'pelvic lymph node']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 270 Background: @entity4149 kinase inhibitors (TKI), such as @entity2240 , @entity2857 and @entity6219 , have replaced immunotherapy as the standard of care for metastatic @entity1358 (mRCC). However, their use in sequential or combined strategies is limited by the lack of evidences on the ability of TKIs to induce cell death in @entity5 cells. Aim of our study was to evaluate the different mechanisms responsible of the cytotoxic effects induced in vitro by   M doses of @entity2240 , @entity2857 and @entity6219 in 5637 and J82 @entity150 ( @entity150 ) cell lines. METHODS: The viability of @entity150 cell lines were tested by @entity98 assay. Autophagy was evaluated by western blot analysis with the anti-LC3 and anti- @entity10407 antibodies, @entity9186 staining and cytofluorimetric analysis. @entity39 and apoptosis, (    m) dissipation and ROS generation were determined by @entity4404 /PI, JC-1 and @entity21184 staining, respectively and cytofluorimetric analysis. The @entity467 activity was evaluated by ELISA. Finally, by mRNA estraction and RT-PCR array the @entity6219 -induced gene profile expression was evaluated. RESULTS: We found that treatment of 5637 and J82 @entity150 cells with the three TKI agents markedly reduced cell viability. Treatment for 24 h with @entity2240 and @entity2857 at 20   M dose, triggers an incomplete autophagy of @entity150 cells. In addition, inhibition of autophagy induced by @entity2240 and @entity2857 triggers cell death of @entity150 cells. Thus, @entity2240 by imparing the @entity467 activity induces lysosomal-dependent @entity39 . Similarly, @entity2857 by defective lysosomial degradation triggers ROS- and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. As regard to @entity6219 , we first demonstrate that treatment of @entity150 cells for 72 hrs (20   M) induces autophagic Type II cell death, which was markedly reversed in a dose-dependent manner by @entity8836 and @entity503 autophagic inhibitors. Finally, @entity6219 upregulates the mRNA expression of a-glucosidase (GAA) and @entity9486 belonging to the @entity876 @entity5 suppressor genes. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our results showing different TKI-induced cell death mechanisms provide the rationale for the sequential use of these agents and the biological basis for novel molecularly targeted approaches.

title: Different effects of @entity2240 , XXXX , and @entity6219 on inducing @entity5 cell death: The role of autophagy.

entities_list: @entity6219 :: ('MESH:C516667', 'Chemical') :: ['pazopanib']

entities_list: @entity2240 :: ('MESH:C473478', 'Chemical') :: ['sunitinib']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'Necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['BC', 'bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity9186 :: ('MESH:D000165', 'Chemical') :: ['acridine orange']

entities_list: @entity503 :: ('MESH:D002738', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroquine']

answer: @entity2857 :: (MESH:C471405,Chemical) :: ['sorafenib']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity507 -resistant @entity3964 has emerged in the Greater Mekong sub-region and poses a major global public health threat. Slow parasite clearance is a key clinical manifestation of reduced susceptibility to @entity507 . This study was designed to establish the baseline values for clearance in @entity1 from Sub-Saharan African countries with uncomplicated @entity311 treated with @entity507 -based combination therapies (ACTs). METHODS: A literature review in PubMed was conducted in March 2013 to identify all prospective clinical trials (uncontrolled trials, controlled trials and randomized controlled trials), including ACTs conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa, between 1960 and 2012. Individual @entity1 data from these studies were shared with the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN) and pooled using an a priori statistical analytical plan. Factors affecting early parasitological response were investigated using logistic regression with study sites fitted as a random effect. The risk of bias in included studies was evaluated based on study design, methodology and missing data. RESULTS: In total, 29,493 @entity1 from 84 clinical trials were included in the analysis, treated with @entity15280 - @entity15281 (n   =   13,664), @entity506 - @entity16944 (n   =   11,337) and @entity8185 - @entity26716 (n   =   4,492). The overall parasite clearance rate was rapid. The parasite positivity rate (PPR) decreased from 59.7  % (95  % CI: 54.5-64.9) on day 1 to 6.7  % (95  % CI: 4.8-8.7) on day 2 and 0.9  % (95  % CI: 0.5-1.2) on day 3. The 95th percentile of observed day 3 PPR was 5.3  %. Independent risk factors predictive of day 3 positivity were: high baseline parasitaemia (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)   =   1.16 (95  % CI: 1.08-1.25); per 2-fold increase in parasite density, P <0.001); fever (>37.5    C) (AOR   =   1.50 (95  % CI: 1.06-2.13), P   =   0.022); severe @entity417 (AOR   =   2.04 (95  % CI: 1.21-3.44), P   =   0.008); areas of low/moderate transmission setting (AOR   =   2.71 (95  % CI: 1.38-5.36), P   =   0.004); and treatment with the loose formulation of @entity506 - @entity16944 (AOR   =   2.27 (95  % CI: 1.14-4.51), P   =   0.020, compared to @entity8185 - @entity26716 ). CONCLUSIONS: The three ACTs assessed in this analysis continue to achieve rapid early parasitological clearance across the sites assessed in Sub-Saharan Africa. A threshold of 5  %  day 3 parasite positivity from a minimum sample size of 50 @entity1 provides a more sensitive benchmark in Sub-Saharan Africa compared to the current recommended threshold of 10  % to trigger further investigation of @entity507 susceptibility.

title: Clinical determinants of early parasitological response to ACTs in African XXXX with uncomplicated falciparum malaria: a literature review and meta-analysis of individual @entity1 data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity15281 :: ('MESH:C102070', 'Chemical') :: ['lumefantrine']

entities_list: @entity26716 :: ('MESH:C034759', 'Chemical') :: ['piperaquine']

entities_list: @entity8185 :: ('MESH:C039060', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydroartemisinin']

entities_list: @entity16944 :: ('MESH:D000655', 'Chemical') :: ['amodiaquine']

entities_list: @entity15280 :: ('MESH:C032942', 'Chemical') :: ['artemether']

entities_list: @entity507 :: ('MESH:C031327', 'Chemical') :: ['Artemisinin', 'artemisinin']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']

entities_list: @entity506 :: ('MESH:C039726', 'Chemical') :: ['artesunate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Posterior cingulate cortex is the site of earliest reductions in @entity413 metabolism and qualitatively different laminar patterns of @entity179 in @entity195 ( @entity195 ). This study used multivariate analyses of area 23 in 72 cases of definite @entity195 to assess relationships between laminar patterns of @entity179 , @entity3072 ( @entity3072 ) and @entity527 ( @entity527 ) densities, age of disease onset and duration, and @entity2204 ( @entity2204 ) genotype. No age-related changes in neurons occurred over four decades in 17 controls and regression analysis of all @entity195 cases showed no relationships between neuron, @entity527 , and tau-immunoreactive @entity3072 densities. Principal components analysis of neurons in layers III-Va and eigenvector projections showed five subgroups. The subgroups were independent because each had a full range of disease durations and qualitatively different laminar patterns in degeneration suggested disease subtypes (ST). Cases with most severe neuron losses (STSevere) had an early onset, most @entity527 , and highest proportion of @entity2204 epsilon4 homozygotes. Changes in the distribution of @entity3072 were similar over disease course in two subtypes and @entity3072 did not account for most @entity179 . In STII-V with moderate @entity528 in most layers, cases with no @entity3072 had a disease duration of 3.5 +/- 0.9 years (mean +/- SEM), those with most in layers IIIc or Va had a duration of 7.3 +/- 1 years, and those with most in layers II-IIIab had a duration of 12.1 +/- 1 years. In STSevere, cases with highest @entity3072 densities in layers II-IIIab also were late stage. Finally, epsilon4 homozygotes were most frequent in STSevere, but four statistical tests showed that this risk is not directly involved in @entity179 . In conclusion, multivariate pattern recognition shows that @entity195 is composed of independent neuropathological subtypes and @entity3072 in area 23 do not account for most neuron losses.

title: Multivariate analysis of laminar patterns of @entity179 in posterior cingulate cortex in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['SP', 'senile plaque']

entities_list: @entity2204 :: ('348', 'Gene') :: ['apolipoprotein E', 'ApoE']

entities_list: @entity3072 :: ('MESH:C536599', 'Disease') :: ['NFT', 'neurofibrillary tangle']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuron loss']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: BMI is one factor that is used to determine a @entity1 's eligibility for lipid screening and treatment. BMI, which is an indirect measure of body fat, may inadequately represent the biological effect of body fat percentage on lipid concentrations. OBJECTIVE: We examined the relation between directly measured body fat percentage and lipid concentrations in a representative sample of US youths. DESIGN: Data from 7821 @entity1 aged 8-19 y from the 1999-2004 NHANES were analyzed. Body fat percentage was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Total and HDL- @entity165 concentrations were measured in serum. Serum @entity412 and LDL- @entity165 concentrations were measured in a subsample of 2661 fasting NHANES @entity1 aged 12-19 y. Prevalences of adverse total @entity165 (>200 mg/dL), LDL @entity165 (>130 mg/dL), @entity1674 (>150 mg/dL), and HDL @entity165 (<35 mg/dL) were measured. RESULTS: Approximately 10.0% [  0.7% (SE)] of @entity1 had high total @entity165 , 7.0    0.4% of @entity1 had low HDL @entity165 , 9.7    1.0% of @entity1 had high @entity1674 , and 7.6    0.7% of @entity1 had high LDL @entity165 . Prevalence of adverse total @entity165 , HDL @entity165 , @entity1674 , and LDL @entity165 in US youths with high adiposity (greater than or equal to the age- and sex-specific 75th percentile of body fat percentage) was significantly greater (P < 0.01) than for @entity1 without high adiposity. In multiple linear regressions adjusted for age, survey period, and race-ethnicity, the variance in lipid concentrations explained by body fat percentage was 2-20% (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Adverse lipid concentrations and high adiposity are significantly associated in youths.

title: Association of body fat percentage with lipid concentrations in XXXX and adolescents: United States, 1999-2004.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The primary purpose of the current study was to determine prospective associations of accelerometer-assessed physical activity intensity and sedentary time with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) indicators among survivors of @entity0 . METHODS: A total of 358 survivors of @entity0 wore an accelerometer for 7 days at baseline to assess different activity intensities (light, lifestyle, and moderate to vigorous) and sedentary behavior. Six months later, survivors completed online questionnaires that assessed HRQOL indicators (disease-specific @entity308 , and @entity148 ) and relevant covariates. Relationships between activity and sedentary behavior quartiles and HRQOL indicator scores were examined using generalized liner models with Bonferroni multiple comparison adjustment. RESULTS: After adjustment for covariates and sedentary time, each increasing lifestyle activity quartile was associated with @entity3777 (P for trend, .03). Each increasing baseline moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) quartile was found to be significantly associated with higher Physical Well-Being, Functional Assessment of @entity5 Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) total, and trial outcome index scores; fewer @entity0 -specific concerns; and lower @entity1295 interference, and these differences were statistically and clinically significant between survivors in quartile 1 and quartile 4. After controlling for covariates and MVPA, relationships between sedentary time and HRQOL were mostly null with the exception of lower @entity1295 duration. CONCLUSIONS: Objectively measured MVPA was found to be positively associated with many HRQOL indicators. Lifestyle activity was found to be only inversely associated with @entity1295 duration whereas sedentary time was found to be positively associated with @entity1295 duration. Future research is warranted to explore these relationships further. @entity5 2015;121:4044-4052.    2015 American @entity5 Society.

title: Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behavior and quality of life indicators in survivors of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['HRQOL, fatigue, depression']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity3777 :: ('MESH:D005222', 'Disease') :: ['reduced fatigue duration']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2971 ( @entity2971 ) have a high cure rate, but we currently lack the ability to accurately identify the small subset of @entity1 who will die from their disease. We used a combined genomic and expression profiling approach to identify genomic regions and underlying genes that are predictive of outcome in @entity2971 @entity1 . We performed array-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) on 53 non-seminomatous GCTs (NSGCTs) treated with @entity900 based chemotherapy and defined altered genomic regions using Circular Binary Segmentation. We identified 14 regions associated with two year disease-free survival (2yDFS) and 16 regions associated with five year disease-specific survival (5yDSS). From corresponding expression data, we identified 101 probe sets that showed significant changes in expression. We built several models based on these differentially expressed genes, then tested them in an independent validation set of 54 NSGCTs. These predictive models correctly classified outcome in 64-79.6% of @entity1 in the validation set, depending on the endpoint utilized. Survival analysis demonstrated a significant separation of @entity1 with good versus poor predicted outcome when using a combined gene set model. Multivariate analysis using clinical risk classification with the combined gene model indicated that they were independent prognostic markers. This novel set of predictive genes from altered genomic regions is almost entirely independent of our previously identified set of predictive genes for @entity1 with NSGCTs. These genes may aid in the identification of the small subset of @entity1 who are at high risk of poor outcome.

title: Development and Validation of a Gene-Based Model for Outcome Prediction in XXXX Using a Combined Genomic and Expression Profiling Approach.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2971 :: ('MESH:D009373', 'Disease') :: ['GCT', 'Germ Cell Tumors']

answer: @entity2971 :: (MESH:D009373,Disease) :: ['Germ Cell Tumors']


abstract: It is unknown what disadvantages are faced by @entity1 deciding for a prosthodontic treatment by inexperienced students. Commonly, the related extra effort and time are compensated by cost reduction of treatment fees. Thereby, the dental schools subsidize treatments to teach clinical prosthodontics. The aim of this study was to clarify the benefits to @entity1 as well as the efforts of the dental school. Data collected from three courses in a dental school in Germany were @entity1 gender, age, occupation, @entity10688 code, number of visits, scope of treatment including costs, financial discount, and remaining copayment. Travel costs were calculated based on @entity10688 code. Balance of travel costs and treatment discount was defined as financial benefit. The results showed that 185 @entity1 (95 male) aged 32 to 82 years (median=58) were treated with fixed restorations (FR, n=110), @entity7606 ( @entity7606 , n=87), @entity7606 ( @entity7606 , n=17), or other (RD, n=3). The mean number of visits was 11 for FR, 12 for @entity7606 , and 9 for @entity7606 . Single distance to the clinic ranged from 0.6 to 65 miles (median=12). Total costs of prosthodontics were reduced by 19% on average. The mean financial benefit was 429 USD (median=298, min=-482, max=4025). The financial benefits were found to differ widely, including additional expenditures of @entity1 . Participation, travel burden, and copayment did not depend on age, gender, or occupation. The financial benefit was relativized because students needed at least twice the sessions of a dentist. As a result, the financial efforts of dental schools are significant and compromise a cost-covering education.

title: Clinical Teaching of Prosthodontics in Undergraduate Courses in a German Dental School: XXXX , Visits, Efforts, and Incentives.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7606 :: ('MESH:D013282', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'complete dentures', 'TD', 'telescopic dentures']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: We have previously shown that metastatic @entity189 of unknown primary site overexpress several @entity5 markers as well as the products of the oncogenes @entity517 , ras and @entity1722 . We analyzed the tissue expression of the protein products of the apoptosis modulation genes @entity876 and @entity588 in 47 CUP cases. Formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded @entity5 specimens were stained with commercially available antibodies to @entity876 (DO7) and @entity588 after antigen retrieval by the microwave method. Staining was evaluated by intensity (1+ to 3+), percentage of positive cells (1-100%), and the 'intensity times percentage' product defined as the immunoreactivity index with values ranging from 0 to 300. Immunoreactivity index values higher than 150 were considered to characterize protein over-expression. Expression of @entity876 was identified in 70.2% of @entity5 while 53% of them showed a high immunoreactivity index. @entity588 expression was detected in 65% of @entity5 and overexpressed in 40%. Overexpression of both proteins was detected in 20% of @entity5 . The detection of either protein was not associated with any of the major clinicopathological variables studied. Nevertheless, a trend towards a more favourable response to platin based chemotherapy was seen in the cases that showed a strong expression of both proteins, when analysed by immunoreactivity index and percentage of positive cells. We conclude that CUP overexpress at a high percentage the @entity876 and the @entity588 proteins. The observed weak association of strong expression of these proteins with response to platin-based chemotherapy deserves further evaluation in the CUP setting.

title: @entity588 and @entity876 protein expression in XXXX of unknown primary origin: biological and clinical implications. A Hellenic Co-operative Oncology Group study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['metastatic carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A 74-year-old @entity1 underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Thirteen years later, he presented with complaints of exertional anterior chest oppression again. Computed tomography coronary angiography revealed the significant @entity850 at the mid right coronary artery (RCA). In addition, a giant proximal left anterior descending (LAD) @entity574 ( @entity574 ) was found. We did not observe this @entity439 on his previous coronary angiogram, performed 12 years previously (i.e., 1 year after his surgery). Diagnostic coronary angiography confirmed the computed tomography findings. We found the significant @entity850 at the mid RCA site and a giant proximal @entity574 . First, we performed the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at the mid RCA significant @entity850 . We implanted the drug eluting stent. After that, we performed PCI to treat the giant proximal @entity574 with a covered stent (a 2.8/26-mm @entity736 covered stent), and complete exclusion of the @entity439 was obtained. The etiology of this @entity1 's @entity439 was unclear, but we speculate that the mechanism responsible for the appearance of this @entity439 was the expansion of the intra-plaque cavity with the ruptured fibrous cap. This observation over time through coronary angiography suggests that giant CAAs might be generated asymptomatically under certain conditions. In this case, the possible conditions might have been the chronic total occlusion of the mid-LAD and the significant @entity850 just distal to this @entity439 , so increasing flow and pressure against this diseased cavity might have caused this giant @entity574 to form. In addition, another speculation might have been the local inflammation or macrophage-based degradation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

title: Generation of a XXXX from an intra-plaque cavity with a ruptured fibrous cap: an observation over time through coronary angiography.

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity574 :: ('MESH:D003323', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery aneurysm', 'LAD coronary artery aneurysm', 'CAA']

answer: @entity574 :: (MESH:D003323,Disease) :: ['giant coronary artery aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use of a quantitative diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) tool for measuring @entity32 of the sacroiliac joints (SIJs) in enthesitis-related @entity625 (ERA). METHODS: A retrospective study was performed with institutional review board approval. Subjects were adolescents who had undergone MRI of the SIJs since January 2010. 10 @entity1 with a clinical diagnosis of ERA and 10 controls with a clinical diagnosis of mechanical back @entity158 were assessed. Axial T1 weighted, short tau inversion recovery (STIR) and DWI (b-values 0, 50, 100, 300 and 600   mm(2)   s(-1)) images were acquired. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were generated using a monoexponential fit. On each of four slices, two to three linear regions-of-interest were placed on each joint. Normalized ADC (nADC) values were defined as joint ADC divided by a reference ADC derived from normal sacral bone. STIR images were scored using a modification of an established technique. The correlation between nADC values and STIR scores was evaluated using Spearman's rank correlation. RESULTS: Mean nADC values were significantly higher in cases than in controls (p   =   0.0015). There was a strong correlation between STIR scores and nADC values (R   =   0.85). CONCLUSION: ADC values are significantly increased in inflamed SIJs compared with controls. There is a good correlation between this diffusion-based method and STIR scores of @entity32 . Advances in knowledge: We have described and provisionally validated a method for quantifying the severity of @entity32 in the SIJs in ERA using ADC measurements. This method is quick, is reproducible and could potentially be automated.

title: A diffusion-based quantification technique for assessment of sacroiliitis in adolescents with enthesitis-related XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['arthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of fixed dose combination of @entity34070 (enteric-coated, EC) 20 mg + @entity2211 (sustained release, SR) 30 mg for treatment of @entity8823 ( @entity8823 ). DESIGN: A prospective, single centre, open-label, non-comparative, observational study SETTING: The study was conducted at an otolaryngology clinic in India between May 2012 and November 2012. @entity1 : @entity1 (>18 yrs) with suspicious LPR-related symptoms, @entity304 ( @entity304 ) score >13 and @entity51 ( @entity51 ) >7, willing to undergo rigid laryngoscopy and requiring fixed dose combination of @entity34070 (enteric-coated, EC) 20 mg + @entity2211 (sustained release, SR) 30 mg capsule treatment according to the investigator's discretion were eligible for enrolment in the study. METHODS: Fixed dose combination of @entity34070 (enteric-coated, EC) 20 mg + @entity2211 (sustained release, SR) 30 mg capsule treatment was given for a total duration of 90 days and efficacy was assessed by the change in @entity51 and @entity304 score at Day 90. The safety and tolerability of the study drug was assessed by monitoring adverse events, vital signs and physical examination. RESULTS: Overall, 50 @entity1 were enrolled and completed the study. After 12 weeks of fixed dose combination of @entity34070 (enteric-coated, EC) 20 mg + @entity2211 (sustained release, SR) 30 mg capsule treatment there was a significant change in mean @entity304 scores [mean (SD) @entity304 : 19.18 (3.24) at baseline to 2.52 (2.31) at end of study; (p<0.0001)] as well as mean @entity51 score [mean (SD) @entity51 : 12.62 (1.48) at baseline to 0.30 (0.51) at end of study; (p<0.0001)]. No adverse event was reported by any @entity1 during the study period. CONCLUSION: Twelve weeks of treatment with combination of fixed dose combination of @entity34070 (enteric-coated, EC) 20 mg + @entity2211 (sustained release, SR) 30 mg capsule significantly improved reflux symptoms in @entity1 with LPR. The combination was found to be safe and well tolerated.

title: An Open Label, Prospective, Single Centre Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Fixed Dose Combination of @entity34070 (Enteric-Coated, EC) 20 mg + @entity2211 (Sustained Release, SR) 30 mg Capsule in Treatment of XXXX with @entity8823 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity34070 :: ('MESH:D064750', 'Chemical') :: ['Rabeprazole']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['RSI', 'reflux symptom index']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['reflux finding score', 'RFS']

entities_list: @entity2211 :: ('MESH:D004294', 'Chemical') :: ['Domperidone']

entities_list: @entity8823 :: ('MESH:D057045', 'Disease') :: ['LPRD', 'laryngopharyngeal reflux disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: We operated 3 @entity1 with cervical @entity602 due to @entity730 ( @entity730 ). Specimens collected surgically were subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy (Raman) analysis and also histopathological examination. The @entity460 compounds deposited were @entity24178 (CPPD) in Case 1, apatite in Case 2, and a double-layer structure with an outer CPPD layer and an inner @entity6445 apatite layer in Case 3. Histopathologically, CPPD deposition in Case 1 could be distinguished from apatite deposition in Case 2 and 3 by @entity1710 - @entity1711 stain. Chondrocytes were observed in all 3 cases, suggesting the chondrocytes may have played a role in calcification in these three cases. To date, 62 cases of @entity730 (including the present cases) have been reported, and analysis of @entity460 compound has been performed for 29 of them. Of these 29, 15 were analyzed as @entity78 compounds, 9 as CPPD and 4 cases as mixed crystals like Case 3. However the analysis method and result about CPPD are no problem, the analysis result of @entity78 compounds depends on the using methods. @entity78 or undetectable compounds was identified by XRD as @entity692 (HAp), and by FTIR as @entity78 or undetectable compound. Analysis of @entity78 compounds should be condacted and identified by XRD, FTIR, and Raman. We propose two possible mechanisms for the formation of the double-layer structure in Case 3: one is formation of apatite first followed by deposition of CPPD outside, and the other is formation of CPPD first followed by conversion of CPPD in the central region to apatite. What the process of formation of the double-layer was in this cases remains unclear.

title: [Calcification of cervical ligamentum flavum--analysis of XXXX compounds and histopathological findings].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6445 :: ('CHEBI:41609', 'Chemical') :: ['carbonate']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity78 :: ('MESH:C020243', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium phosphate', 'Calcium phosphate']

entities_list: @entity24178 :: ('MESH:D002131', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification of ligamentum flavum', 'CLF']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We compared the changes in cell morphology, total and differential cell counts between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples analyzed within an hour of collection (fresh sample) and after the addition of autologous serum and storage for 24  h (stored sample) in 27 @entity291 with @entity6220 . RESULTS: There was a positive linear correlation between total and differential cell counts in the fresh and the stored samples. Cell morphology was preserved in all stored samples, except for increased vacuolization of mononuclear cells and cleaved nuclei of some small mononuclear cells. In the stored CSF samples, the total nucleated cell count and monocyte percentage were decreased (P   =   0.01; P   =   0.03), while the lymphocyte percentage was increased (P   =   0.04). Mononuclear @entity491 diagnosed in 20 fresh samples was cytologically confirmed in 12 of the 20 stored samples. In the remaining eight stored samples, the number of total nucleated cells was within the normal range. Neutrophilic @entity491 was confirmed in all seven stored samples. The overall agreement rate between cytologic interpretation of the fresh and the stored CSF samples was 70  % (100  % for neutrophilic @entity491 and 60  % for mononuclear @entity491 ). CONCLUSIONS: Adding 11  % of autologous serum to CSF samples might allow delayed analysis with a good agreement rate for CSF cytological interpretation. Caution is nonetheless warranted, as animal age, anamnesis, and neurological presentation need to be considered when interpreting stored CSF without @entity491 .

title: Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid from XXXX with @entity6220 after storage for 24  hours with autologous serum.

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['central nervous system disorders']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['pleocytosis']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cattle']


abstract: PURPOSE: Body mass index (BMI) is an inadequate measure of nutritional status in @entity1 and adolescents with @entity5 as it does not distinguish muscle from adipose tissue. However, arm anthropometry offers simple assessments of fat mass and lean body mass; especially valuable in low- and middle-income countries where the great majority of young @entity1 with @entity5 live and access to sophisticated expensive measures of body composition is markedly limited. METHODS: The nutritional status of 75 long-term survivors of @entity981 was assessed by arm anthropometry, in addition to BMI, in a cross-sectional cohort study. Normal ranges for @entity272 ( @entity272 , a surrogate for fat mass) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC, a surrogate for lean body mass) were between the 15th and 85th percentiles for age and sex. Overweight/ @entity28 was classified as a @entity272 >85th percentile and @entity6288 as an MUAC   <15th percentile. Height normalized indices for @entity272 and MUAC were also calculated. RESULTS: Overweight/ @entity28 was identified in 1/3 of subjects by a BMI >25 and by @entity272 ; and 20% of the subjects had a @entity272 >95th percentile. Only two subjects were sarcopenic. None met the combined criteria for @entity28 . @entity272 and MUAC/height indices did not add sensitivity to identification of @entity6288 or @entity28 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity272 is a useful measure of overweight/ @entity28 in this population, but MUAC does not identify a notable proportion with @entity6288 . Further resolution may be provided by more sophisticated measures of body composition.

title: Anthropometry in Long-Term Survivors of XXXX in Childhood and Adolescence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'people']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity', 'sarcopenic obesity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity6288 :: ('MESH:D055948', 'Disease') :: ['sarcopenia']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['TSFT', 'triceps skin fold thickness']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent and magnitude of unexpected @entity2516 following @entity231 surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and to determine what characteristics were associated with the errors. DESIGN: In this nonconcurrent prospective study, preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative information was collected from the charts of the 523 consecutive @entity1 who underwent @entity231 extraction and polymethylmethacrylate IOL implantation performed by one of nine participating surgeons between Jan. 1 and @entity1488 . 30, 1995, or the same dates in 1996. SETTING: University-affiliated eye care centre in Vancouver. OUTCOME MEASURE: Postoperative excess correction, calculated for each @entity1 by subtracting the actual postoperative spherical equivalent from the expected spherical equivalent. Eyes with an excess correction of more than 1.00 dioptre were considered "overcorrected." RESULTS: Univariate analysis showed that the formula used to calculate the lens power, axial length, year of surgery, A-constant/surgeon factor used and lens manufacturer were associated with overcorrection. In a logistic regression model, lens manufacturer was the only variable independently associated with overcorrection. CONCLUSIONS: Routine reporting and follow-up is necessary to identify this kind of "outbreak" and the associated factors. The current guidelines of the Health Protection Branch, Health Canada, for evaluation of IOLs that have changed manufacturers are not adequate to identify the kind of error that we detected.

title: An epidemiologic investigation of unexpected @entity2516 following XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive errors']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A phase II study was performed to assess the activity of @entity901 plus @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) modulated by @entity4181 , as second-line treatment in locally advanced or metastatic @entity420 pretreated with @entity136 -containing schedule. METHODS: @entity1 received weekly intravenous infusions of @entity901 40 mg/m, @entity1487 500 mg/m, and @entity4181 250 mg/m (3 weeks on, 1 week off). RESULTS: Twenty-three @entity1 affected with metastatic (16) or locally advanced (7) @entity420 were involved in this study. A total of 148 weeks of chemotherapy was delivered (median 2 courses each @entity1 ). Among 17 assessable @entity1 , no objective response was registered and 4 @entity1 had stable disease, whereas 13 had @entity5 progression. Median duration of stable disease was 14 weeks. Median @entity74 ( @entity2106 ) was 11.6 weeks [95% confidence interval (CI), 7.6-5.6]. Kaplan-Meier estimated median overall survival (OS) was 17.1 week (95% CI, 4.0-30.1) and 3 months survival rate was 69.6%. Seven @entity1 experienced grade 3 to 4 @entity137 . The regimen was associated with 36% clinical benefit. CONCLUSIONS: The median @entity2106 and median OS in this population with poor prognosis suggests some activity, however, only further investigations will be able to establish the clinical value of this combination.

title: XXXX , @entity1487 , and @entity4181 as second-line treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer.

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['pancreas adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['time to progression of disease']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity901 :: (MESH:C030110,Chemical) :: ['Oxaliplatin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To use in vitro assays to evaluate the effects of a novel immunosuppressive agent, @entity20083 , on biological functions (migration, phagocytosis, and production of reactive- @entity26 species [ROS]) of feline peripheral neutrophils and determine the cytotoxic effects of @entity20083 on feline peripheral neutrophils. SAMPLE POPULATION: Peripheral neutrophils obtained from 8 healthy @entity468 . PROCEDURE: Peripheral neutrophils were isolated from blood samples obtained from the 8 @entity468 and exposed to the phosphorylated form of @entity20083 ( @entity36920 ). A fluorescence-based in vitro evaluation of migration was performed. Phagocytosis of microbes and production of ROS were evaluated by use of a 2-color flow cytometry system. Samples of whole blood obtained from the @entity468 were incubated with various concentrations of @entity36920 , @entity941 -labeled @entity794 , and @entity16203 . Cytotoxic effects were evaluated by use of @entity2667 staining. RESULTS: Addition of @entity36920 caused a slight non-significant decrease in phagocytosis and production of ROS by feline peripheral neutrophils. Migration activity of feline peripheral neutrophils was significantly increased by the addition of @entity36920 . Addition of @entity36920 at concentrations considered for clinical use did not increase the death rate of feline peripheral neutrophils. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: @entity20083 does not inhibit critical functions of feline peripheral neutrophils in vitro.

title: In vitro evaluation of the effect of a novel immunosuppressive agent, XXXX , on the function of feline neutrophils.

entities_list: @entity2667 :: ('MESH:D011419', 'Chemical') :: ['propidium iodide']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity16203 :: ('MESH:C067883', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydroethidium']

answer: @entity20083 :: (MESH:C098720,Chemical) :: ['FTY720']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the immediate results and the clinical evolution of a group of fertile age @entity1 with @entity4794 , in whom percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty was performed before or during pregnancy. @entity1 AND METHOD: Eighty-one @entity1 with @entity4794 , submitted to balloon mitral vavuloplasty, were studied. They were divided into three groups, according to their desire of no further pregnancies (group A; n = 19), pregnancy during the follow-up (group B; n = 23) or valvuloplasty was performed during pregnancy (group C; n = 39). @entity1 from group B and C were controlled during pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium, and the newborns of @entity1 in group C were followed from birth to the age of 5 years. RESULTS: Mortality in the three groups was null and the incidence of miscarriage was 2 (8.6%) in group B and 3 (9.1%) in group C. Normal delivery was predominant in group B and delivery by caesarean was predominant in group B. Success was immediate in all the cases. The procedure was repeated in 3 @entity1 due to restenosis. The media valvar area rase from 0.93 to 2.05 cm2 in group A, from 1.28 to 2.04 cm2 in group B and from 0.84 to 2.14 cm2 in group C (intergroup p = NS). The functional class improved in the three groups of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty is an effective, efficient method for the treatment of @entity4794 during pregnancy, after organogenesis, or at any time in a @entity1 's life, as long as it is indicated according to clinical and echocardiographic evaluation criteria.

title: [The role of mitral valve balloon valvuloplasty in the treatment of rheumatic XXXX during pregnancy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'woman', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4794 :: ('MESH:D008946', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic mitral stenosis', 'mitral stenosis']

answer: @entity4794 :: (MESH:D008946,Disease) :: ['mitral valve stenosis']


abstract: Australia has one of the highest rates of @entity957 in the world. Despite a high cure rate, many studies report relapse rates of between 5% and 20% with an associated mortality of 5-10%. The aim of this study was to review the patterns of relapse and outcome for @entity1 treated at Westmead Hospital, Sydney. Ninety-three eligible @entity1 were identified in a retrospective review of all @entity9867 @entity1 referred to Westmead Hospital between 1980 and 1997. Relevant data were extracted from the treatment files and included contact with referring doctors and utilizing the Cancer Council Registry. Equal numbers of @entity1 were treated with radiotherapy alone or surgery (+/- adjuvant radiotherapy). The majority of @entity1 were male (78.5%) with T1N0 @entity5 (64.5%) of the lower lip. A minority (5.4%) had @entity66 at diagnosis. Following treatment, 31 (33.3%) @entity1 relapsed, 11 at the primary site, 18 at the regional nodes and two at both sites simultaneously. @entity1 treated with a combined approach (RTx/Sx) experienced a better outcome. Overall @entity5 -specific survival at 5 years was 85%. These findings highlight a disturbing relapse rate and mortality for a subgroup of @entity1 diagnosed with a more @entity9867 . Treatment and follow up of these @entity1 should accordingly be more aggressive.

title: XXXX . Patterns of relapse and outcome: Reporting the Westmead Hospital experience, 1980-1997.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['nodal disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the lip']

entities_list: @entity9867 :: ('MESH:D008048', 'Disease') :: ['lip cancer', 'aggressive form of lip cancer']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['Squamous cell carcinoma of the lip']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Press Ganey (PG) scores are used by public entities to gauge the quality of @entity1 care from medical facilities in the United States. Academic health centers (AHCs) are charged with educating the new generation of doctors, but rely heavily on PG scores for their business operation. AHCs need to know what impact medical student involvement has on @entity1 care and their PG scores. PURPOSE: We sought to identify the impact students have on @entity341 ( @entity341 ) PG scores related to overall visit and the treating physician's performance. METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational cohort study of discharged @entity341 @entity1 who completed PG satisfaction surveys at one academic, and one community-based @entity341 . Outcomes were responses to questions about the overall visit assessment and doctor's care, measured on a five-point scale. We compared the distribution of responses for each question through proportions with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) stratified by medical student participation. For each question, we constructed a multivariable ordinal logistic regression model including medical student involvement and other independent variables known to affect PG scores. RESULTS: We analyzed 2,753 encounters, of which 259 (9.4%) had medical student involvement. For all questions, there were no appreciable differences in @entity1 responses when stratifying by medical student involvement. In regression models, medical student involvement was not associated with PG score for any outcome, including overall rating of care (odds ratio [OR] 1.10, 95% CI [0.90-1.34]) or likelihood of recommending our EDs (OR 1.07, 95% CI [0.86-1.32]). Findings were similar when each @entity341 was analyzed individually. CONCLUSION: We found that medical student involvement in @entity1 care did not adversely impact @entity341 PG scores in discharged @entity1 . Neither overall scores nor physician-specific scores were impacted. Results were similar at both the academic medical center and the community teaching hospital at our institution.

title: The Impact of Medical Student Participation in Emergency Medicine XXXX Care on Departmental Press Ganey Scores.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with decompensated @entity712 ( @entity712 ) are frequently evaluated in @entity341 ( @entity341 ). The outcomes of such @entity1 after discharge to the outpatient setting from the @entity341 are not well known. Risk factors for @entity341 or subsequent hospital admission after @entity341 discharge for @entity712 also are not known. METHODS: Charts were reviewed from all 112 @entity1 discharged from the Parkland Memorial Hospital @entity341 with a primary diagnosis of @entity712 from October to December 1998. A composite end point ("failure of outpatient therapy") was prespecified to be a recurrent @entity341 visit for @entity712 , hospitalization for @entity712 , or @entity204 at 3 months after the index @entity341 discharge. RESULTS: Within 3 months of the index @entity341 visit, 61% of the study population met the composite end point. The median time to failure of outpatient therapy was 30 days. Univariate analysis of 27 clinical and demographic variables demonstrated the respiratory rate at presentation as the only predictor of failure of outpatient therapy (P =.02). Multivariate analysis of a model with 8 prespecified variables also demonstrated respiratory rate to be the only variable independently associated with an increased risk for the composite end point (odds ratio 1.6, 95% confidence interval 1.1-2.6, for each increase of 5 breaths/min). CONCLUSION: There is a high rate of failure of outpatient therapy (61%) in @entity1 discharged with a primary diagnosis of @entity712 from an urban county hospital @entity341 . Increased respiratory rate on presentation to the @entity341 may be associated with adverse outcomes after @entity341 discharge for @entity712 .

title: Outcomes after emergency department discharge with a primary diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['ED', 'emergency departments', 'return ED visits']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure', 'CHF']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the integrity of intrinsically photosensitive @entity2479 cells (ipRGCs) using the pupillary light reflex in @entity726 @entity1 . METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 76 eyes from 38 @entity1 with primary @entity1538 and 36 eyes from 18 control subjects. The @entity1 were tested in the dark with light stimuli using the Ganzfeld system, and the pupil diameter was measured with the assistance of an eye tracker consisting of two infrared cameras fit to an eyeglass frame. To preferentially stimulate ipRGCs, we used a 1-second 470-nm flash with a luminance of 250 cd/m(2). To stimulate different retinal photoreceptors (cones and rods), we used a 1-second 630-nm flash with a luminance of 250 cd/m(2). Standard automated perimetry (SAP), matrix frequency-doubling technology (FDT), and high-definition optical coherence tomography (Cirrus HD-OCT) were also performed. The correlation between the ipRGC-mediated sustained response following the pupillary light reflex and the structural and functional changes in @entity726 @entity1 was analyzed using generalized estimating equation. RESULTS: An association was observed between the average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, as measured by Cirrus HD-OCT, and the sustained pupillary response to the blue flash (P = 0.024). The severity of @entity726 , based on the mean deviation of SAP (Hodapp-Anderson-Parrish system), was also associated with the sustained response to the blue flash (P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed a correlation between the mean RNFL thickness and the pupillary light response. A decrease in the number of ipRGCs is potentially related to the reduced RNFL thickness.

title: A positive association between intrinsically photosensitive @entity2479 cells and retinal nerve fiber layer thinning in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open-angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal ganglion']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is characterized by @entity8 and @entity25891 . @entity5449 mutations contribute to @entity8 . However, approximately half of the @entity1 with @entity8 have no mutation in @entity5449 gene. METHODS: To investigate the incidence and effects of mutations of @entity5449 and 25 candidate genes, @entity1 genes were screened using next-generation sequence analysis, and candidate mutations were confirmed using Sanger sequencing. The correlation between mutations and clinical manifestation was evaluated. RESULT: Thirty @entity1 , including 26 @entity1 (two families of five and two, 19 sporadic cases) with @entity8 , and 4 optic nerve @entity4643 only control cases were evaluated in the present study. Six @entity5449 mutations in 21 probands [28%; two in family cohorts (n = 5 and n = 2) and in 4 out of 19 @entity1 with @entity66 ] including four novel mutations were confirmed using Sanger sequencing. Moreover, four other sequence variants ( @entity23740 , @entity15693 , @entity69666 , and @entity42742 ) were also confirmed, including a potentially pathogenic novel @entity69666 mutation. Kidney function and @entity644 were more severe in @entity1 with @entity5449 mutations than in those without the mutation. Moreover, the @entity4643 score was significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity5449 gene mutations. Three out of five @entity1 with @entity5449 mutations had @entity628 ( @entity628 ) diagnosed from kidney biopsies. CONCLUSION: The results of this study identify several new mutations of @entity5449 , and sequence variants in four additional genes, including a novel potentially pathogenic mutation in @entity69666 , which may play a role in the pathogenesis of @entity8 .

title: Association of @entity5449 and Other Gene Mutations with the Clinical Manifestations of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal anomalies', 'RCS', 'Renal coloboma syndrome']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['sporadic disease']

entities_list: @entity25891 :: ('MESH:C535970', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve colobomas']

entities_list: @entity628 :: ('MESH:D005923', 'Disease') :: ['focal segmental glomerulosclerosis', 'FSGS']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Renal Coloboma Syndrome']


abstract: Culturing cells on microcarriers maximizes the ratio of surface area to culture medium volume. The aim of this study was to show microcarrier culture as a useful tool for improvement of steroidogenic activity in @entity19 Leydig cells. Freshly isolated cells were grown on Sephadex microcarriers, Cytodex 3, and gelatin beads (gelaspheres) that were uncoated, coated with collagen or coated with fibronectin. The cells were cultured in control or LH-supplemented medium. The effect of LH on @entity251 and @entity53 secretion was studied with appropriate radioimmunoassays. The activity of @entity14128 dehydrogenases (3 beta-HSD, 17 beta-HSD) was evaluated histochemically. Leydig cells growing on microcarriers formed colonies. The strongest response to luteinizing hormone stimulation was observed on gelatin beads coated with fibronectin and collagen. In cells growing on a fibronectin layer, very strong activity of @entity63745 and an increase in @entity134 hormone levels were observed. Basal and LH-stimulated @entity251 and @entity53 secretion were all much higher in the microcarrier than in the monolayer culture system. We conclude that Leydig cells maintain differentiated functions more efficiently on collagen- and fibronectin-coated gelasperes than on Sephadex microcarriers and that uncoated gelaspheres are less efficient than coated ones. Pure gelaspheres are unsuitable for improvement of the hormonal and enzymatic activity of Leydig cells.

title: XXXX Leydig cell culture on microcarriers.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity14128 :: ('CHEBI:35350', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxysteroid']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mouse']


abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of @entity410 descriptions from parents and guardians of @entity302 @entity1 which are useful for clinical classification of @entity302 . The data were obtained from 112 @entity1 using recurrent and spontaneous @entity302 as the selection criteria. The study was realized in two parts. In the part I the following aspects were studied: age of onset and the preictal, @entity1109 . In the part II the specific kinds of @entity410 were classified by motor semiology, as @entity410 and nonconvulsive, and by using the International League Against @entity302 (ILAE,1981) scheme. The results showed that 42.9% @entity1 present @entity302 and 36.6% present lateralizing signs. Concerning the semiologic events were motor in 95.5%, neurovegetative in 56.3%, psychic in 32.1%, and neurosensorials in 4.5%. Finally, the ILAE schema classified the @entity410 as partial in 59.9%, as generalized in 27.2%, and as not classified in 12.5%. All findings demonstrate a good level of clinical semiology information from parents and guardians that allow us to classify 87.5% of the @entity410 , and identify auras and lateralized signs. Theses results permit us to conclud that if a standard protocol is used, the descriptions from parents and guardian of @entity302 @entity1 appears to be very reliable to clinical classification of @entity302 .

title: [Classification of XXXX in childhood obtained from @entity410 symptomatology descriptions of parents and guardians].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsive', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['ictal and postictal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic seizures', 'epileptic', 'epileptic auras', 'epileptic seizure', 'Epilepsy']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizures']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: There are few specific evaluation forms for evaluating the quality of life among @entity1 with chronic @entity1142 . Our study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the translated @entity1 Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QOL) questionnaire for the Turkish population because evidence of its reliability and validity is required to justify its use in other studies and clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 154 @entity1 with @entity1142 who were treated at the Department of Gastroenterology, Dokuz Eyl  l University Hospital between January and June 2012. The translated PAC-QOL questionnaire was completed by @entity1 at the clinic and also at a 2-week follow-up to test its reliability. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha coefficient (internal consistency) was 0.91 (good) for the translated PAC-QOL questionnaire. Time validity was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) method, and the ICC value for all questions was confirmed as 0.68 at the 2-week follow-up. The validity of the tool in the study group was evaluated using factor analysis, and the results were highly significant (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value: 0.857; Bartlett's test: p=0.001). Questions were categorized according to six factors based on the factor analysis, and these factors explained 65.1% of the total variation. For hypothesis verification of the tool, the correlation coefficient for @entity16180 -QOL and @entity16180 Symptoms (PAC-SYM) was r=0.577 (p<0.001), whereas the correlation coefficient for @entity16180 -QOL and @entity1142 severity score was r=0.457 (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The @entity16180 -QOL questionnaire was reliable, although not valid because of the limited sample group.

title: Validity and reliability of the XXXX assessment of @entity1142 quality of life questionnaire for the Turkish population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: @entity31016 ( @entity15437 ) is a @entity519 -specific PET tracer. In future clinical applications of @entity519 imaging, such as early response monitoring or radiation therapy dose painting, accurate quantification of tracer uptake at the voxel level will be required. The aim of the present study was to assess the validity of parametric methods for the quantification of @entity8984 -FAZA studies. METHODS: Dynamic 70-min @entity15437 scans were obtained from 9 @entity1149 @entity1 . Arterial blood samples, collected at 7 time points, were used for preprocessing an image-derived input function derived from volumes of interest (VOIs) defined within the ascending aorta. Time-activity curves derived from various @entity5 VOIs were fitted using nonlinear regression analysis (NLR) to a reversible 2-tissue-compartment model, providing volumes of distribution (VT) as an outcome measure. Next, parametric images were generated by use of both Logan graphic analysis with various linear regression start times and spectral analysis with multiple sets of basis functions. The previously defined @entity5 VOIs were projected onto these parametric images, and the resulting VT were compared with those obtained from NLR. In addition, the results were compared with @entity5 (SUVr), which are more easily obtainable. RESULTS: The highest correlations and correspondence with NLR-derived VT were found for Logan graphic analysis with a start time of 30 min after injection (R(2), 0.88; intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC], 0.93) and for spectral analysis-derived VT with a set of 30 basis functions with exponents ranging from 0.0175 to 1.9 (R(2), 0.79; ICC, 0.81). SUVr yielded similar correlations but showed significant bias at high VT (R(2), 0.85; ICC, 0.80). CONCLUSION: Both Logan graphic analysis and spectral analysis yielded VT that showed high correlations with nonlinear regression analysis-derived VT. SUVr showed bias at high VT.

title: Parametric Methods for Quantification of @entity15437 Kinetics in @entity1149 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity31016 :: ('MESH:C498052', 'Chemical') :: ['(18)F-fluoroazomycinarabinoside']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumor-to-blood ratios']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2530 ( @entity2530 ) is a rare but important complication after supracondylar humerus @entity174 . @entity85 was first reported in 1948 and sporadically thereafter. @entity2530 has been classified as type A ( @entity2530 of the lateral ossification center) and type B ( @entity2530 of the entire medial crista and a metaphyseal portion). In this article, we present 5 cases of @entity2530 after supracondylar humerus @entity174 , discuss the importance of late clinical findings, and postulate a mechanism of @entity2530 in nondisplaced @entity174 . Five cases of @entity2530 after supracondylar humerus @entity174 were reviewed from the @entity1 's of Alabama database. Four of the 5 @entity1 were female. Four @entity1 sustained a Gartland @entity174 , and 1 @entity1 sustained a nondisplaced Gartland type I @entity174 . Age at time of injury ranged from 5 years to 10 years. All @entity1 had an asymptomatic clinical period after treatment and re-presented 6 months to 7 years later with @entity158 or @entity393 . All @entity1 were treated symptomatically. @entity2530 of the trochlea has a late clinical presentation. The cause of this complication is interruption of the trochlea blood supply. In displaced @entity174 , the medial and/or lateral vessels are injured, leading to type A or type @entity85 . In nondisplaced @entity174 , the lateral vessels are interrupted by tamponade because of encased @entity174 @entity1410 ; this presents as a type @entity85 . Both type A and type B deformities can be clinically significant. @entity2530 of the trochlea should be considered in @entity1 with late presentation of @entity158 or @entity393 after treatment of supracondylar humerus @entity174 .

title: XXXX of Trochlea After Supracondylar Humerus Fractures in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'type III fracture', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'elbow pain']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of motion']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['Posttraumatic humerus deformity', 'B deformity', 'A deformity']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['AVN deformity', 'AVN', 'Avascular necrosis']

answer: @entity2530 :: (MESH:D010020,Disease) :: ['Avascular Necrosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a growing consensus that ovarian reserve is reduced after surgical excision of @entity43 . However, it remains to be fully clarified whether this damage precedes or follows surgery. In order to further elucidate this aspect, we evaluated ovarian responsiveness to hyperstimulation in @entity1 selected for IVF with unilateral unoperated @entity46 . The main aim of this study was to compare the number of developing follicles in the affected ovary with that in the contralateral intact gonad as a control. METHODS: @entity1 selected for IVF who were diagnosed with one or more @entity46 (diameter <4 cm) and who did not undergo previous ovarian surgery were retrospectively identified. We compared the number of follicles (diameter >=  11 mm) and the number of co-dominant follicles (diameter >15 mm) on the day of hCG administration in the affected and intact ovaries. RESULTS: Among the 84 @entity1 selected, the median interquartile range (IQR) number of follicles >=  11 mm in the affected and intact ovaries was 5 (3-7) and 5 (3-8), respectively (P= 0.36). The median (IQR) number of co-dominant follicles in the affected and intact ovaries was 3 (2-4) and 3 (2-5), respectively (P= 0.48). The number of co-dominant follicles was lower in the affected ovary in 36 cases (43%, 95% confidence interval: 32-53%). We also failed to identify any statistically significant difference between the two ovaries when evaluating data according to the number of cysts, their dimension, the dose of gonadotrophins used or the number of oocytes retrieved. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 selected for IVF, the presence of an @entity46 does not markedly affect responsiveness to hyperstimulation.

title: Unoperated XXXX and responsiveness to hyperstimulation.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian endometriomas']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriomas', 'endometrioma', 'monolateral endometriomas']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian endometriomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary care-based memory clinics (PCMCs) have been established in several jurisdictions to improve the care for @entity1 with @entity195 and related @entity303 . We sought to identify key quality indicators (QIs), quality improvement mechanisms, and potential barriers and facilitators to the establishment of a quality assurance framework for PCMCs. METHODS: We employed a Delphi approach to obtain consensus from PCMC clinicians and specialist physicians on QIs and quality improvement mechanisms. Thirty-eight candidate QIs and 19 potential quality improvement mechanisms were presented to @entity1 in two rounds of electronic Delphi surveys. Written comments were collected and descriptively analyzed. RESULTS: The response rate for the first and second rounds were 21.3% (n = 179) and 12.8% (n = 88), respectively. The majority of respondents were physicians. Fourteen QIs remained after the consensus process. Ten quality improvement mechanisms were selected with those characterized by specialist integration, such as case discussions and mentorships, being ranked highly. Written comments revealed three major themes related to potential barriers and facilitators to quality assurance: 1) perceived importance, 2) collaboration and role clarity, and 3) implementation process. CONCLUSION: We successfully utilized a consultative process among primary and specialty providers to identify core QIs and quality improvement mechanisms for PCMCs. Identified quality improvement mechanisms highlight desire for multi-modal education. System integration and closer integration between PCMCs and specialists were emphasized as essential for the provision of high-quality @entity303 care in community settings.

title: Quality of XXXX Care in the Community: Identifying Key Quality Assurance Components.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementias', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['Dementia']


abstract: @entity173 , which is often due to @entity170 or other conditions affecting bone strength, can lead to permanent disability, @entity55 , @entity1151 , and/or @entity204 . Great effort has been directed toward developing noninvasive methods for evaluating proximal femoral strength ( @entity174 load), with the goal of assessing @entity174 risk. Previously, computed tomographic scan-based, linear finite element (FE) models were used to estimate proximal @entity3330 loads ex vivo in two load configurations, one approximating joint loading during single-limb stance and the other simulating impact from a fall. Measured and computed @entity174 loads were correlated (stance, r=0.867; fall, r=0.949). However, precision for the stance configuration was insufficient to identify subjects with below average @entity174 loads reliably. The present study examined whether, for this configuration, nonlinear FE models could be used to identify these subjects. These models were found to predict @entity174 load within +/-2.0 kN (r=0.962). This level of precision is sufficient to identify 97.5% of femora with @entity174 loads 1.3 standard deviations below the mean as having below average @entity174 loads. Accordingly, 20% of subjects with below average @entity174 loads, i.e. those with the lowest @entity174 loads and likely to be at greatest risk of @entity174 , would be correctly identified with at least 97.5% reliability. This FE modeling method will be a powerful tool for studies of @entity173 .

title: Improved prediction of proximal XXXX load using nonlinear finite element models.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['Hip fracture', 'hip fracture']

entities_list: @entity3330 :: ('MESH:D005264', 'Disease') :: ['femoral fracture']

answer: @entity3330 :: (MESH:D005264,Disease) :: ['femoral fracture']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has recently been shown that t (12;21) (p13;q 22) is the most common molecular @entity74 in childhood @entity981 ( @entity981 ). We have analyzed this translocation in an attempt to evaluate its incidence and to monitor @entity41 ( @entity41 ) with t (12; 21) rearrangement by detection of @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcript in @entity1 with @entity981 . PROCEDURE: All cryopreserved bone marrow samples were analyzed using a nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcripts were searched for in 34 @entity981 @entity1 , including six in relapse consecutively diagnosed at our institution between 1991 and 1997. RESULTS: @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcripts were found in five (19%) of 27 @entity1 with B precursor @entity981 . The @entity1 with @entity1861 , chromosome 11q23 rearrangement and @entity981 @entity1 did not express @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcripts. Moreover, @entity41 in five @entity1 with @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcripts were analyzed in serial samples. Although @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcripts disappeared soon after the beginning of chemotherapy in three of the five @entity1 , one @entity1 continued to express them for up to 21 months without recurrence and remained in continuous complete remission for seven years after the cessation of chemotherapy. The remaining @entity1 was admitted to our hospital after the second relapse but died following a failure to induce complete remission. CONCLUSION: For most @entity1 , the presence of @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcripts suggests excellent chemosensitivity and a favorable prognosis, but some @entity1 with these transcripts have a different outcome. The present study suggests the possibility that a persistence of @entity41 is not necessarily related to a relapse of @entity981 with @entity9604 - @entity5316 fusion. The prognostic significance of @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcript remains controversial. Further studies are needed to evaluate the relation between the @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcript and prognosis.

title: Persistence of XXXX - @entity5316 transcript in @entity981 in long-term remission.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['childhood ALL', 'T-ALL', 'ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['MRD', 'minimal residual disease']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic abnormality']

answer: @entity9604 :: (2120,Gene) :: ['TEL']


abstract: The objective was to evaluate mid-term results after @entity5663 ( @entity5663 ) with special focus on the bias due to an application to social insurance for pension based on @entity717 . The study group consisted of 42 @entity1 (28 male, 14 female). @entity5663 was performed in 1993 or 1994 for impingement stage II. The mean age was 49.5 years. Thirty-nine @entity1 (93%) were evaluated by an independent observer for an average follow-up of 3.5 years (range 1.5-5). @entity1 satisfaction with the outcome was assessed by a visual analog scale graded from 0 (extremely dissatisfied) to 10 (extremely satisfied). The functional result was assessed using the Constant score. At follow-up the mean VAS value was 6.4 +/- 3.4. The Constant score improved from 49.6 +/- 18.5 to 84.8 +/- 14.3. The subgroup of @entity1 having applied to social insurance for pension had significantly worse results compared with the remaining @entity1 : VAS: 4.9 +/- 3.1 vs. 7.5 +/- 3.1; Constant-Score: 76.1 +/- 12.7 vs. 88.3 +/- 13.5. The fact that @entity1 try to get benefit from social insurance based on @entity717 significantly biased the outcome after @entity5663 .

title: [Intermediate-term results after XXXX with special reference to ongoing disability claims].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['sickness disability']

entities_list: @entity5663 :: ('MESH:D003665', 'Disease') :: ['arthroscopic subacromial decompression', 'ASD']

answer: @entity5663 :: (MESH:D003665,Disease) :: ['arthroscopic subacromial decompression']


abstract: Recently, a novel form of MSI has been described that occurs only at tetranucleotide repeat markers. This has been termed elevated microsatellite instability at selected tetranucleotide repeats (EMAST). EMAST has been related to alterations of the @entity876 gene, and to the nature of the repeat sequence. We initially tested whether loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the @entity876 and the patched (ptch) genes was related to EMAST in a series of 61 @entity1489 ( @entity1489 ) @entity5 . We then analysed a series of 57 primary @entity150 for the presence of EMAST, testing whether this was related to mutation or expression of the @entity876 gene. In both @entity1489 and @entity150 we found a high prevalence of EMAST (75.4 and 43.9%). In @entity1489 the prevalence of EMAST was higher in @entity5 that had either @entity876 or ptch LOH, although the difference was not statistically significant. There was a significant association of extensive EMAST (three or more loci) with mutations in @entity876 among the @entity150 , but no indication of elevated EMAST in @entity5 with abnormal @entity876 staining without mutation. The association of EMAST with @entity876 mutation was confined to non-invasive disease. Hence, EMAST likely reflects a particular pattern of somatic events that are interactive with @entity876 mutation, particularly common in @entity1489 and limited to non-invasive disease in @entity150 .

title: Microsatellite instability at tetranucleotide repeats in skin and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['non-melanoma skin cancer', 'NMSC', 'skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancers', 'bladder tumors', 'bladder cancer', 'bladder cancer tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']