abstract: UNASSIGNED: In the 2013 reclassification of the @entity16058 ( @entity16058 ), two rare @entity16058 ( @entity16058 ( @entity10487 ), @entity3762 ( @entity3762 )) and two rare histologic patterns (acute fibrinous and @entity3616 (AFOP), bronchiolocentric pattern of @entity401 (BPIP)) are described. All these entities are rare with small series published to date, mostly containing primary and secondary forms of disease. @entity10487 is histologically characterized by diffuse polyclonal lymphoid cell infiltrate surrounding the airways and expanding the interstitium. Thin-walled cysts and diffuse ground glass are considered the typical radiologic features. The clinical course is highly variable with corticosteroid responsiveness evident in approximately half of cases. @entity3762 is defined histologically by coexisting @entity82 with @entity2652 . Dense @entity82 and consolidation are the cardinal radiologic features. A history of recurrent lower respiratory tract @entity281 is frequent. Responses to immunomodulation have not been reported and the rate of progression appears to be highly variable. AFOP is a rare histologic pattern lying within the spectrum of acute/subacute @entity651 , characterized by @entity3616 and @entity133 without hyaline membranes. BPIP is characterized histologically by @entity82 and/or inflammation confined to the alveolar interstitium around bronchovascular bundles, overlapping with peribronchial @entity4648 and @entity82 in some series. Currently, AFOP and BPIP are both best viewed as histological entities rather than true clinical disorders, in the absence of characteristic associated imaging patterns and clinical features.

title: Rare XXXX : @entity10487 and PPFE and rare histologic patterns of @entity401 : AFOP and BPIP.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['upper lobe pleural and intra-alveolar fibrosis', 'fibrosis', 'subpleural irregular fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity16058 :: ('MESH:D054988', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic lymphoid interstitial pneumonia', 'idiopathic interstitial pneumonias', 'IIPs']

entities_list: @entity2652 :: ('MESH:D005148', 'Disease') :: ['elastosis']

entities_list: @entity3616 :: ('MESH:D018549', 'Disease') :: ['organizing pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['intra-alveolar fibrin deposition']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity4648 :: ('MESH:D008679', 'Disease') :: ['metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity3762 :: ('MESH:C562694', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis', 'IPPFE']

answer: @entity16058 :: (MESH:D054988,Disease) :: ['idiopathic interstitial pneumonias']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Genetics and environmental factors play a role in the pathogenesis of the complex disease, @entity6 . Two major pathophysiological defects coexist in this disease: impairment of insulin secretion by beta-cells and decreased insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. The aim of the study was to examine whether two polymorphisms: the @entity15646 substitution in the promoter region of @entity310 gene and the @entity40100 @entity535 variant of the @entity13704 gene; influence insulin resistance in individuals with positive family history of @entity6 . METHODS: Sixty individuals were included into this study: 28 @entity1 and 32 @entity1 , all of them with normal @entity413 tolerance. Insulin and @entity413 serum levels were were assessed during the OGTT on fasting and at 30 and 120 minutes. Secondary indices of insulin resistance were calculated based on these measurements. Genotyping of the both examined polymorphisms was performed using the restriction fragment length polymorphism method (RFLP). RESULTS: Homozygous and heterozygous carriers of the A allele in position -308 of the @entity310 gene promoter showed higher plasma insulin levels at 120 min OGTT versus GG carriers (44.77 microliters/ml; SD 40.4 vs. 26.82; SD 19.9; p = 0.04) and a higher ratio of the 30 min increment in insulin to the 30 min increment in @entity413 (35.4; SD 21.5 vs. 22.6: SD 21.5; p = 0.03). In addition, homo- and heterozygous carriers of the Q allele at residue 121 of the @entity13704 gene showed higher plasma @entity413 levels at 120 min OGTT compared to the KK subjects (5.38 mmol/l, SD 1.19 vs. 4.48, SD 1.11; p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that both examined polymorphisms: the @entity15646 in the promoter region of @entity310 and @entity40100 @entity535 variant of the @entity13704 ; influence the development of insulin resistance as a prediabetic quantitative trait in a Polish population.

title: [ @entity310 XXXX gene polymorphisms and pre- @entity6 quantitative features in the Polish population].

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity13704 :: (5310,Gene) :: ['PC-1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Various measures/scales have been used to assess oral health-related quality of life in @entity1 with @entity2956 ( @entity2956 ). However, there have been few reports on the validity of questionnaires, and even fewer assessments of their use in Japanese sociocultural conditions. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the study were: (i) to develop and refine the number of questions concerning @entity158 -related limitations of daily function in the @entity9321 questionnaire (LDF-TMDQ, 13 items) in Japanese @entity1 with @entity9321 , (ii) to assess factor validity, and (iii) to determine convergent and discriminant validity of the LDF-TMDQ with the observed items within a multidimensional questionnaire. METHODS: Four hundred and fifty-six (85.9%) outpatients with @entity9321 were enrolled. The subjects were allocated into two roughly equal groups--E-group (233) for exploratory factor analysis and C-group (223) for confirmatory factor analysis [ @entity2383 ( @entity2383 )]. RESULTS: The exploratory factor analysis extracted 10 items and three factors. @entity2383 showed the revised model to accurately describe the relationships between the measured items. As to convergent validity, the factor 'limitation in executing a certain task' and 'limitation of mouth opening' showed significant correlations with the observed items within the multi-dimensional questionnaire. However, the factor 'limitation of sleeping', show no correlation with any item. As to discriminant validity, all three factors had correlation coefficients below 0.4 with the psychological scale, the personality scale, and the visual analog scale for @entity158 intensity. CONCLUSION: The LDF-TMDQ was reduced from 13 items to 10. The factor validity of the LDF-TMDQ, and the construct validity of 'limitation in executing a certain task' and 'limitation of mouth opening' were confirmed, while that of 'limitation of sleeping' remains to be determined.

title: Development of a new questionnaire to assess @entity158 -related limitations of daily functions in Japanese @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2956 :: ('MESH:D013705', 'Disease') :: ['temporomandibular disorders', 'TMDs']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['structural equation modeling', 'SEM']

answer: @entity2956 :: (MESH:D013705,Disease) :: ['temporomandibular disorders']


abstract: CONTEXT: The introduction of novel imaging modalities has increased the detection of @entity263 ( @entity263 ) recurrence, potentially justifying the use of a @entity3 ( @entity3 ) with surgery or radiotherapy (RT) rather than a systemic approach. OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review of @entity3 for oligometastatic @entity263 recurrence. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: This systematic review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines. We searched the Medline and Embase databases from 1946 to February 2014 for studies reporting on biochemical or clinical progression and/or @entity137 or complications of @entity3 (RT or surgery). Reports were excluded if these end points could not be ascertained or separately analysed, or if insufficient details were provided. Methodological quality was assessed using an 18-item validated quality appraisal tool for case series. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Fifteen single-arm case series reporting on a total of 450 @entity1 met the inclusion criteria. Seven studies were considered of acceptable quality. Oligometastatic @entity263 recurrence was diagnosed with positron emission tomography with coregistered computed tomography in most of the @entity1 (98%). Nodal, bone, and visceral metastases were treated in 78%, 21%, and 1%, respectively. @entity1 were treated with either RT (66%) or lymph node dissection (LND) (34%). Adjuvant @entity342 deprivation was given in 61% of @entity1 (n=275). In the case of nodal metastases, prophylactic nodal irradiation was administered in 49% of @entity1 (n=172). Overall, 51% of @entity1 were progression free 1-3 yr after salvage @entity3 , with most of them receiving adjuvant treatment. For RT, grade 2 @entity137 was observed in 8.5% of @entity1 , with one case of grade 3 @entity137 . In the case of LND, 11% and 12% of grade 2 and grade 3 complications, respectively, were reported. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is a promising approach for oligometastatic @entity263 recurrence, but the low level of evidence generated by small case series does not allow extrapolation to a standard of care. @entity1 SUMMARY: We performed a systematic review to assess complications and outcomes of treating @entity263 recurrence with surgery or radiotherapy. We concluded that although this approach is promising, it requires validation in randomised controlled trials.

title: @entity3 -directed Therapy of Regional and Distant Recurrences After Curative Treatment of XXXX : A Systematic Review of the Literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['oligometastatic prostate cancer', 'PCa']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis-directed therapy', 'MDT']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Prostate Cancer']


abstract: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation provides a novel strategy for the treatment of @entity1 disease. MR imaging (MRI) is able to track transplanted stem cells labeled with superparamagnetic @entity1933 (SPIO) in vivo. However, the effect of SPIO upon labeled MSCs remains unclear on a cellular level. In this study, the biological characteristics of @entity35 MSCs labeled with home-synthesized SPIO particles were evaluated. The MSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of 5 adult @entity35 and labeled with home-synthesized SPIO particles at a final @entity68 concentration of 20   g/ml. Labeled MSCs were confirmed with Prussian blue staining and transmission electron microscopy. The quantity of @entity68 per cell was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Cell viability, proliferation, membranous antigen and multiple differentiation ability were compared between labeled and unlabeled MSCs. The @entity35 MSCs were effectively labeled and the labeling efficiency was approximately 100%, as revealed by Prussian blue staining. The SPIO particles located in the endosomal vesicles of the MSCs were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. No significant differences were observed in cell viability, proliferation, membranous antigen and multiple differentiation ability between the labeled and unlabeled MSCs (P>0.05). In conclusion, MSCs are able to be effectively labeled by home-synthesized SPIO particles without influencing their main biological characteristics.

title: Assessment of biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells labeled with superparamagnetic XXXX particles in vitro.

entities_list: @entity1933 :: ('MESH:C000499', 'Chemical') :: ['iron oxide']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

answer: @entity1933 :: (MESH:C000499,Chemical) :: ['iron oxide']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report abnormalities in the @entity7131 pathway and other @entity432 risk factors in @entity1 with @entity732 . METHODS: In a study, we investigated 76 consecutive @entity1 who had in- @entity1 evaluation of @entity455 . All @entity1 underwent comprehensive tests for @entity3459 including determinations of @entity7131 , protein S, @entity4555 , and resistance to activated @entity7131 and were screened for @entity455 risk factors. Resistance to activated @entity7131 was confirmed by a polymerase chain reaction method to detect the specific factor V @entity54821 mutation. For comparative purposes, we also screened 209 consecutive inpatients with @entity1150 from the same geographic region for resistance to activated @entity7131 as well as @entity7131 and @entity4889 . RESULTS: Ten (29%) of 35 @entity1 with central @entity2994 (CRVO) had factor V @entity54821 mutation. The factor V @entity54821 mutation was detected in four (19%) of 21 @entity1 with @entity2994 . The higher frequency in factor V @entity54821 mutation compared with the expected 9% mutation prevalence in a white population was highly significant for the central @entity2994 group but not for the @entity2994 group. In all @entity1 with resistance to activated @entity7131 , the factor V @entity54821 mutation was detected; 16 were heterozygous, one homozygous. No cases of @entity4555 , @entity7131 , or @entity4889 were detected. Forty (19%) of 209 @entity1 with @entity1150 were carriers of the factor V @entity54821 mutation. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of the factor V @entity54821 mutation is similar in @entity1 with central @entity2994 and @entity1 with @entity1150 and represents a relevant risk factor. Screening for this mutation is therefore recommended in all @entity1 with central @entity2994 .

title: XXXX and deficiencies in the @entity7131 pathway.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['venous or arterial retinal vascular occlusion', 'vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity4889 :: ('MESH:D018455', 'Disease') :: ['protein S deficiencies']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['branch retinal vein occlusion', 'retinal vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['coagulation disorders']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity4555 :: ('MESH:C531622', 'Disease') :: ['lupus anticoagulants']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['vascular occlusion']

entities_list: @entity732 :: ('MESH:D015356', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vascular occlusion']

answer: @entity732 :: (MESH:D015356,Disease) :: ['Retinal vascular occlusion']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance is associated with @entity731 , but its mechanism is unknown. It has been reported that @entity3241 deficient ( @entity3241 -/-) @entity19 showed insulin resistance without @entity164 2 @entity6 , whereas the @entity3238 deficient ( @entity3238 -/-) @entity19 showed insulin resistance with @entity164 2 @entity6 . METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated @entity8233 formation in the @entity3241 -/- and @entity3238 -/- @entity19 at 8 and 20 weeks. The @entity3238 -/- @entity19 showed much greater @entity8233 formation than the @entity3241 -/- and wild- @entity164 @entity19 at 8 weeks. At 20 weeks, the @entity3238 -/- @entity19 had greater @entity8233 formation than the @entity3241 -/- @entity19 , which showed more enhanced @entity8233 formation than the wild- @entity164 @entity19 . The @entity3241 -/- and @entity3238 -/- @entity19 had @entity2299 , @entity101 , and insulin resistance. The @entity3238 -/- @entity19 had more @entity209 than the @entity3241 -/- @entity19 at 8 and 20 weeks. @entity3238 expression was detected, but @entity3241 expression was not detected in the vessels. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity8233 formation in the @entity3241 -/- and @entity3238 -/- @entity19 appears to be related to abnormalities induced by the altered metabolic milieu in insulin-resistant states. Moreover, because @entity8233 formation was much greater in the @entity3238 -/- @entity19 than in the @entity3241 -/- @entity19 at 8 and 20 weeks, it is suggested that a lack of @entity3238 renders the vasculature more susceptible to injury in the abnormal metabolic milieu, and @entity3238 may have a protective effect on @entity8233 formation. We conclude that @entity3238 is protective and retards the development of @entity8233 formation in insulin-resistant states.

title: Lack of XXXX causes progressive @entity8233 .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity8233 :: ('MESH:D058426', 'Disease') :: ['neointima']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity3241 :: ('16367(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1', 'IRS-1']

answer: @entity3238 :: (384783(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['insulin receptor substrate-2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5419 is a major public health problem in @entity1 , impacting upon the affected individual, their families and others charged with their care e.g. educational establishments, and the food industry. In contrast to most other @entity66 , there is no established cure: current management is based upon dietary avoidance and the provision of rescue medication in the event of accidental reactions, which are common. This strategy has significant limitations and impacts adversely on health-related quality of life. In the last decade, research into disease-modifying treatments for @entity5419 has emerged, predominantly for peanut, egg and @entity291 's milk. Most studies have used the oral route (oral immunotherapy, OIT), in which increasing amounts of allergen are given over weeks-months. OIT has proven effective to induce immune-modulation and "desensitization" - that is, an increase in the amount of food allergen that can be consumed, so long as regular (typically daily) doses are continued. However, its ability to induce permanent tolerance once ongoing exposure has stopped seems limited. Additionally, the short- and long-term safety of OIT is often poorly reported, raising concerns about its implementation in routine practice. Most @entity1 experience @entity56 and, although generally mild, severe reactions have occurred. Long term adherence is unclear, which rises concerns given the low rates of long-term tolerance induction. Current research focuses on improving current limitations, especially safety. Strategies include alternative routes (sublingual, epicutaneous), modified hypoallergenic products and adjuvants (anti-IgE, pre/probiotics). Biomarkers of safe/successful OIT are also under investigation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Improving the safety of oral immunotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['paediatric diseases']

entities_list: @entity5419 :: ('MESH:D005512', 'Disease') :: ['food allergy', 'Food allergy']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reactions']

answer: @entity5419 :: (MESH:D005512,Disease) :: ['food allergy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mosquitoes are blood-feeding insects serving as the most important vectors for spreading @entity1 pathogens and parasites. @entity779 is a viral disease mainly vectored through the bite of Aedes mosquitoes. Its transmission has recently increased in urban and semi-urban areas of tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, becoming a major international public health concern. There is no specific treatment for dengue. Its prevention and control solely depend on effective vector control measures. Mangrove plants have been used in Indian traditional medicine for a wide array of purposes. In this research, we proposed a method for biosynthesis of antiviral and mosquitocidal @entity575 nanoparticles (AgNP) using the aqueous extract of Bruguiera cylindrica leaves. AgNP were characterized using a variety of biophysical analyses, including UV-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Bruguiera cilyndrica aqueous extract and green-synthesized AgNP were tested against the primary dengue vector @entity4224 . AgNP were the most effective. LC50 values ranged from 8.93  ppm (larva I) to 30.69  ppm (pupa). In vitro experiments showed that 30   g/ml of @entity67307 significantly inhibited the production of dengue viral envelope (E) protein in vero cells and downregulated the expression of dengue viral E gene. Concerning nontarget effects, we observed that the predation efficiency of @entity2083 against A. aegypti was not affected by exposure at sublethal doses of AgNP. Predation in the control was 71.81  % (larva II) and 50.43  % (larva III), while in an AgNP-treated environment, predation was boosted to 90.25 and 76.81  %, respectively. Overall, this study highlights the concrete potential of green-synthesized AgNP in the fight against @entity778 . Furthermore, B. cylindrica-synthesized AgNP can be employed at low doses to reduce larval and pupal population of A. aegypti, without detrimental effects of predation rates of mosquito predators, such as @entity2083 .

title: Nanoparticles in the fight against mosquito-borne diseases: bioactivity of Bruguiera cylindrica-synthesized nanoparticles against XXXX (in vitro) and its mosquito vector @entity4224 (Diptera: Culicidae).

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['dengue virus']

entities_list: @entity4224 :: ('7159', 'Species') :: ['Aedes aegypti']

entities_list: @entity2083 :: ('7957', 'Species') :: ['C. auratus', 'Carassius auratus']

answer: @entity778 :: (MESH:D015658,Disease) :: ['dengue virus DEN-2']


abstract: At first, this article comprises the innovative programme of the international "Early Detection and Intervention" research and then shows results of the "Cologne/Bonn Early Recognition - CER" project on @entity161 , the first longterm prospective study on @entity1 in potentially initial prodromal stages prior to the first @entity716 manifestation. At re-examination at an average of 9.6 years later, 79 of 160 @entity1 had subsequently developed a @entity716 according to DSM-IV criteria. Prediction values for the complete range of prodromal symptoms, for 5 subsyndromes and for individual symptoms were assessed. Best prediction values with a high positive predictive power (71 - 91 %) and a low rate of false-positive predictions (7.5 - 1.9 %) were achieved for 10 symptoms and symptom complexes mainly out of the group of thought, speech and @entity132 . As only unsatisfactory prediction values for other prodromal symptom definitions were reported, e.g. the commonly used DSM-III-R definition, empirical evidence for the possibility of diagnosing @entity161 as early as in the initial prodromal stage, has been found for the first time. In the following, this article considers essential initiatives for the development, performance and evaluation of a promising early intervention programme based on the results found. In Germany, within the project unit "Early Recognition and Intervention" of the competence network " @entity161 ", such a programme has been initiated. Late prodromal stages are defined by attenuated or transient @entity716 and early prodromal stages by the presence of at least one of the highly predictive prodromal symptoms from the CER-study or decline in psychic functions in combination with other risk factors. Intervention strategies are a multimodal psychological programme for the intervention in early prodromal stages and a combination of psychotherapy with atypical neuroleptic drugs in the late prodromal stages. If such strategies were able to suppress the progress to first @entity716 , this prevention could be classified as a primary prevention, not with regard to the prodromal symptoms but to frank/manifest @entity161 .

title: [Is there a primary prevention of XXXX psychiasis?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['perception disturbances']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic psychosis', 'psychotic', 'psychotic episodes', 'psychotic symptoms']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1861 negative @entity5 ( @entity5 ) include @entity4406 ( @entity4406 ), @entity4407 ( @entity4407 ) and @entity4018 ( @entity4018 ). the @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation has been introduced since 2008 as a major diagnostic criterion on the one hand and on the other hand, it would be linked to increased risk of @entity715 . AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the association of @entity4016 mutation and @entity715 events in @entity5 . METHODS: A retrospective study concerning 45 @entity1861 negative @entity5 @entity1 (mean age=53 old years, sex ratio=0.8) was conducted. RESULTS: They were classified as @entity4406 (22 @entity1 ), @entity4407 (17 @entity1 ), @entity4018 (3 @entity1 ) and atypical @entity5 (3 @entity1 ). The @entity4016 mutation was found in 64.4% of @entity1 : 72.7% of @entity4406 @entity1 , 47% of @entity4407 @entity1 and 66.7% of @entity4018 @entity1 . @entity715 events were recorded in 11 @entity1 (24.4%). Cerebral arteries and portal vein were the most frequent localizations. The @entity4016 mutation was an independent risk factor of @entity715 events. CONCLUSION: Consequently, it seems that screening for @entity4016 mutation in @entity1861 negative @entity5 could play a role in identifying @entity1 at high risk of @entity455 .

title: The @entity4016 mutation in @entity5 : A predictive factor of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['myeloproliferative neoplasms', 'MPN']

entities_list: @entity4018 :: ('MESH:D055728', 'Disease') :: ['PMF', 'primitive myelofibrosis']

entities_list: @entity4406 :: ('MESH:D011087', 'Disease') :: ['PV', 'polycythemia Vera']

entities_list: @entity4407 :: ('MESH:D013920', 'Disease') :: ['ET', 'essential thrombocythemia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic complications', 'Thrombotic', 'thrombotic']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2213 (IM) is a first choice drug for treatment of @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ), with a widely accepted concentration threshold of 1000ng/ml being used as a target for therapeutic drug monitoring. Once adherence to the pharmacotherapeutic regimen is of paramount importance during the long treatment course of @entity1860 , the measurement of hair IM concentrations could be a surrogate of the @entity1 's exposure to the drug. METHODS: IM was extracted from a 5mg hair sample by a liquid-liquid extraction with @entity1046 , and IM-d8 was used as @entity3538 ( @entity3538 ). After evaporation, and reconstitution in @entity1626 , the extract was injected into a LC-MS/MS system. Compounds were eluted on a C8 column in isocratic mode. IM and @entity3538 were identified in positive electrospray ionization mode using ion transitions of m/z 494.5>394.5 and 503.0>394.3 respectively. The method was applied to 102 paired hair and samples obtained from @entity1860 @entity1 . Treatment response was evaluated according to the European LeukemiaNet recommendations. RESULTS: The assay was validated in the concentration range of 0.5-25ng/mg, with intra- and inter-assay imprecisions of <13.1% and <9.3%, respectively. The limits of quantification and detection were 0.5 and 0.15ng/mg, respectively. Median hair IM concentrations are significantly smaller in @entity1 with therapeutic failure when compared with @entity1 with partial or optimal response (4.63 vs. 7.93, p=0.040), the same trend presented by median plasma IM concentrations (629.5 vs. 1084.8, p=0.009). An IM hair concentration below 5.8ng/mg has 83% sensibility and 70% specificity to identify @entity1 with therapeutic failure. CONCLUSIONS: A fast, sensitive, and selective LC-MS/MS method allowing quantification of IM in hair samples was developed and validated. @entity1860 @entity1 with therapeutic failure had significantly lower hair IM concentrations when compared with @entity1 with optimal response. These preliminary findings may support the use of hair as a matrix for IM monitoring in clinical settings, with significant logistic advantages over the collection of venous blood, particularly in developing countries.

title: First report of XXXX measurement in hair: Method development and preliminary evaluation of the relation between hair and plasma concentrations with therapeutic response in @entity1860 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1046 :: ('MESH:C007650', 'Chemical') :: ['ethyl acetate']

entities_list: @entity3538 :: ('MESH:D002341', 'Disease') :: ['IS', 'internal standard']

entities_list: @entity1626 :: ('MESH:C032159', 'Chemical') :: ['acetonitrile']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['Imatinib']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'chronic myeloid leukemia']

answer: @entity2213 :: (MESH:C097613,Chemical) :: ['imatinib']


abstract: During apoptosis, activated caspases cleave the translation initiation factor eIF4G. This cleavage disrupts cap-dependent mRNA translation initiation within the cell. However, a specific subset of mRNAs can still be recruited for protein synthesis in a cap-independent manner by the residual initiation machinery. Many of these mRNAs, including cell death related mRNAs, contain internal ribosome entry sites (IRESes) that promote their enhanced translation during apoptosis. Still other mRNAs have little dependence on the cap recognition mechanism. The expression of the encoded proteins, both anti- and pro-apoptotic, allows for an initial period of attempted cell survival, then commitment to cell death when damage is extensive. In this study we address the translational regulation of the stress and apoptosis-related mRNAs in @entity2199 : BiP ( @entity68981 ) ( @entity57778 ), @entity9968 ( @entity9968 ), p53 ( @entity45445 ), Bcl-2 ( @entity36788 ) and Apaf-1 ( @entity36787 ). Altered translational efficiency of these messages was observed upon depletion of cap-dependent translation and induction of apoptosis within the @entity2199 gonad. Our findings suggest a physiological link between the cap-independent mechanism and the enhanced translation of @entity68981 and @entity36788 . This increase in the efficiency of translation may be integral to the stress response during the induction of physiological apoptosis.

title: Induction of cap-independent BiP ( @entity68981 ) and Bcl-2 ( XXXX ) translation in response to eIF4G (IFG-1) depletion in @entity2199 .

answer: @entity36788 :: (3565776(Tax:6239),Gene) :: ['ced-9']


abstract: @entity2657 after @entity64 is associated with poor neurological outcomes. Current therapies are limited to osmotic agents, such as @entity4372 ( @entity4372 ), which reduce intracranial pressure. Although studies have demonstrated @entity4 following @entity4372 , tissue survival has not been thoroughly examined. Additionally, the efficacy of promising pharmacological agents has not been evaluated for synergy with osmotic agents. @entity15707 is an FDA-approved @entity1951 receptor antagonist that may exert both osmotic and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, @entity35 were subjected to @entity2500 prior to treatment with 5 % @entity4372 bolus +5 % @entity4372 maintenance ( @entity4372 ), @entity15707 alone (Con), @entity15707 +5 % @entity4372 maintenance (Con + @entity4372 ), or @entity15707 +5 % @entity4372 bolus +5 % maintenance (Con + HSb). Treatments were initiated at six (Early) or 24 h (Late) following @entity64 and @entity35 were euthanized at 48 h to evaluate @entity1188 volume, @entity2657 , and microglia/macrophage activation. @entity1188 volume and @entity2657 in the Early @entity4372 , Early Con, and Late @entity4372 groups were significantly reduced compared with controls. Interestingly, only the Early Con group demonstrated reduced microglia/macrophage activation. These data suggest an anti-inflammatory mechanism for @entity15707 and provide support for a multipronged approach combining osmotic agents with compounds that inhibit the neuroinflammatory response to @entity64 .

title: The Effects of Clinically Relevant Hypertonic Saline and XXXX Administration on Ischemic Stroke.

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['brain edema', 'Cerebral edema']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edema reductions']

entities_list: @entity1951 :: ('MESH:D014667', 'Chemical') :: ['vasopressin']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['Infarct', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity4372 :: ('MESH:D009122', 'Disease') :: ['HS', 'hypertonic saline']

entities_list: @entity15707 :: ('MESH:C106389', 'Chemical') :: ['Conivaptan', 'conivaptan']

answer: @entity15707 :: (MESH:C106389,Chemical) :: ['Conivaptan']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: BACKGROUND Chronic subdural @entity1410 generally occurs in the elderly. After @entity6087 evacuation surgery, the development of @entity4282 is a very rare entity. CASE REPORT We report the case of a 41-year-old @entity1 with an @entity4282 complication after @entity6087 evacuation. Under general anesthesia, the @entity1 underwent a large craniotomy with closed system drainage performed to treat the @entity6087 . After @entity6087 evacuation, there was epidural leakage on the following day. CONCLUSIONS Although @entity130 is the most common risk factor in young CSDH @entity1 , some other predisposing factors may exist. @entity551 can cause EDH. Craniotomy and drainage surgery can usually resolve the problem. Because of rapid dynamic intracranial changes, epidural leakages can occur. A large craniotomy flap and @entity1346 drainage in the operation area are key safety points for neurosurgeons and hydration is essential.

title: Epidural XXXX Complication after Rapid Chronic Subdural @entity1410 Evacuation: A Case Report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity4282 :: ('MESH:D046748', 'Disease') :: ['epidural hematoma']

entities_list: @entity6087 :: ('MESH:D020200', 'Disease') :: ['chronic subdural hematoma']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['Intracranial hypotension']

answer: @entity1410 :: (MESH:D006406,Disease) :: ['Hematoma']


abstract: AIM: We aimed to investigate the retrobulbar blood circulation using Colour Doppler Imaging (CDI) in type 1 @entity6 @entity1 and adolescents who had no @entity6 and to compare the results with their healthy peers. METHODS: Forty-nine @entity1 with @entity6 with no @entity989 on fundoscopic examination were included in the study. Forty-nine healthy @entity1 were defined as the control group. Central retinal artery (CRA), @entity432 ( @entity432 ) and posterior ciliary artery (PCA) were examined with Doppler US bilaterally. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistive indices (RI) for each artery were recorded. RESULTS: Blood flow velocity of the @entity432 was significantly different in @entity6 @entity1 (p<0.05). EDV of the @entity432 was significantly higher (p=0.011) and RI was significantly lower (p=0.027) in @entity1 with @entity6 duration of longer than 5 years. RI of the CRA was significantly higher in @entity1 who had higher microalbuminuria levels (p=0.016). CONCLUSION: EDV of the @entity432 increases and RI of the @entity432 decreases in @entity6 duration longer 5 years. Raised AER increases RI of the CRA. These findings may be the initial changes in the arterial circulation before @entity2003 develops.

title: Doppler ultrasonography imaging of hemodynamic alteration of retrobulbar circulation in type 1 @entity6 @entity1 and adolescents without XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['vascular rigidity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 1 diabetes mellitus', 'diabetic', 'diabetes', 'diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'ophthalmic artery']

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['retinopathy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study examined associations between @entity1 characteristics, health behaviors, and health outcomes and explored the role of health literacy as a potential mediator of outcomes. English- and Spanish-speaking adults with @entity164 2 @entity6 used a bilingual multimedia touchscreen to complete questionnaires. The behavioral model for vulnerable populations guided multivariable regression and mediation testing. Dependent variables were @entity6 self-care, health status, and satisfaction with communication. Independent variables included sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, health literacy, health beliefs, and self-efficacy. Spanish speakers had lower health literacy and poorer physical, mental, and overall health compared to English speakers. Higher health literacy was associated with less social support for diet, fewer diet and medication barriers, younger age, higher @entity6 knowledge, and talking with health care professionals to get @entity6 information. In contrast to expectations, health literacy was not associated with @entity6 self-care, health status, or satisfaction with communication, and it did not mediate the effects of other factors on these outcomes. @entity6 self-efficacy was significantly associated with health behaviors and outcomes. The association between Spanish language preference and poorer health was not mediated by this group's lower health literacy. Increasing health-related self-efficacy might be an important clinical strategy for improving outcomes in underserved @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 .

title: Health Literacy and @entity1 -Reported Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Study of Underserved English- and Spanish-Speaking XXXX With Type 2 Diabetes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: In the present study, our aim is to investigate the effects of the treatment modality, @entity308 , @entity3147 and @entity32 on quality of life (QoL) in @entity740 ( @entity740 ). Twenty-six @entity1 with @entity740 on conservative management, 68 @entity1 on haemodialysis (HD), 47 @entity1 on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and 66 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. QoL was measured by means of the Short Form-36 (SF-36) and subscale scores were calculated. All @entity1 were evaluated for the presence of @entity308 using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 , Fourth Edition @entity74 - Clinician Version. The severity of @entity308 was evaluated by means of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Serum @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), ferritin, albumin, haemoglobin and haematocrit (Hct) levels were measured. All the SF-36 subscale scores were lower in the @entity1 groups compared with control group. The SF-36 scores were higher and BDI scores were lower in the CAPD group than @entity740 and HD groups. In @entity1 with @entity308 , all SF-36 subscale scores were lower than that of the @entity1 without @entity308 . There was a significant negative correlation between all the SF-36 subscale scores and the BDI scores. There was a significant positive correlation between the SF-36 physical and total summary scores and the Hct value and serum albumin levels, but an inverse correlation between the SF-36 physical, mental and total summary scores and the serum @entity1851 level in the HD @entity1 . The authors suggest that the treatment modality, @entity308 , @entity3147 and @entity32 have an important role on QoL in @entity740 .

title: Quality of life in @entity740 : effects of treatment modality, XXXX , @entity3147 and @entity32 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Mental Disorders']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Axis I Disorders']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In the present study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of immediate surgical bipolar plasmakinetic transurethral resection of the prostate (PK-TURP) for @entity1 with @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ) with acute urinary retention (AUR). We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data of @entity1067 @entity1 who received PK-TURP. A total of 1126 @entity1067 @entity1 were divided into AUR (n = 348) and non-AUR groups (n = 778). After the urethral catheters were removed, the urine white blood cell (WBC) count in the AUR group significantly increased compared with the non-AUR group (P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in international prostate symptom score, painful urination, and maximal urinary flow rate. The duration of hospitalization of the AUR group was longer than that of the non-AUR group (P < 0.001). A total of 87.1% (303/348) @entity1 in the AUR group and 84.1% (654/778) @entity1 in the non-AUR group completed all of the postoperative follow-up visits. The incidence of @entity293 in the AUR group within 3 months after surgery was significantly higher than that in the non-AUR group (P < 0.01). The incidence of temporary urinary incontinence in the AUR group did not exhibit significant difference. During 3-12 months after surgery, there were no significant differences in major complications between the two groups. Multivariate regression analyses showed that age, postvoid residual, maximal urinary flow rate, @entity6 , and @entity101 , but not the presence of AUR, were independent predictors of IPSS post-PK-TURP. In conclusion, immediate PK-TURP surgery on @entity1 accompanied by AUR was safe and effective.

title: The effect of immediate surgical bipolar plasmakinetic transurethral resection of the prostate on XXXX with acute urinary retention.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia', 'BPH']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

answer: @entity1067 :: (MESH:D011470,Disease) :: ['prostatic hyperplasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare @entity1 with @entity195 ( @entity195 ) and @entity191 ( @entity191 ) with regard to their awareness of @entity73 , self-care, and motor-related @entity51 . BACKGROUND: Unawareness of deficits, a clinically important symptom, is found in @entity195 . It has been hypothesized to be associated with @entity952 but has been little studied in other @entity179 . Because @entity191 has a different anatomic-pathologic substrate, a comparison of impairment of awareness in @entity195 and @entity191 may shed light on the neural basis of this phenomenon. METHOD: Impairment of awareness was measured as the difference between @entity1 self-report and caregiver ratings of @entity1 abilities on questionnaires tapping @entity73 , self-care, and motor function. These "discrepancy scores" were then compared between the two diagnostic groups and examined in relation to selected neuropsychological test data. RESULTS: In general, both @entity195 and @entity191 @entity1 rate themselves as being less impaired than do their caregivers. The two diagnostic groups, @entity195 and @entity191 , differ significantly, however, on awareness discrepancy measures in the cognitive domain. In their ratings of @entity1 cognitive skills, @entity195 caregivers rate @entity1 as significantly more impaired than @entity1 rate themselves, whereas @entity191 caregivers and @entity1 do not differ significantly on these ratings. Impaired awareness in @entity191 but not in @entity195 is associated with poorer overall cognitive function and performance on tests measuring memory, attention, and constructional ability. CONCLUSIONS: Both @entity195 and @entity191 @entity1 display @entity73 in multiple domains, including motor-related neurologic function. @entity191 @entity1 with comparatively intact cognitive function display relatively preserved @entity51 .

title: Clinical and neuropsychological correlates of XXXX in @entity195 and @entity191 : a comparative study.

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired awareness of deficits', 'cognitive, emotional/social interaction']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinson disease', 'PD']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['awareness of motor and other deficits', 'neurologic deficits']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disorders']

entities_list: @entity952 :: ('MESH:D019958', 'Disease') :: ['disruption of frontal-subcortical circuits']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', 'Alzheimer disease']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['impaired awareness of deficits']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study evaluates the concept of using zerovalent @entity68 (ZVI) powder or nanoscale zerovalent @entity68 (NZVI) particles in combination with a low frequency (150 kHz) AC electromagnetic field (AC EMF) to effectively remove @entity4965 ( @entity4966 ) from groundwater and saturated soils. ZVI and NZVI are ferromagnetic, which can induce heat under applied AC EMF. The heat generated by ZVI and NZVI induction can increase the rate of dechlorination, according to Arrhenius' equation, and increase the rate of @entity4966 desorption from @entity4966 -sorbed soil. Both dechlorination and @entity4966 desorption enhance the overall @entity4966 removal rate. We evaluated this novel concept in laboratory batch reactors. We found that both ZVI and NZVI can induce heat under applied AC EMF up to 120   C in 20 min. Using ZVI and NZVI with AC EMF enhanced dechlorination of dissolved @entity4966 (no soil) up to 4.96-fold. In addition to increasing the temperature by ZVI and NZVI induction heating, AC EMF increased intrinsic ZVI and NZVI reactivity, ostensibly due to accelerated corrosion, as demonstrated by the increased ORP. In a soil-water- @entity4966 system, NZVI together with AC EMF thermally enhanced desorption of @entity4966 from soil and increased the degradation of @entity4966 up to 5.36-fold compared to the absence of AC EMF. For the first time, this study indicates the potential for ZVI and NZVI coupled with AC EMF as a combined remediation technique for increasing the rate and completeness of in situ cleanup of adsorbed phase contaminants.

title: Electromagnetic Induction of Zerovalent @entity68 (ZVI) Powder and Nanoscale Zerovalent @entity68 (NZVI) Particles Enhances Dechlorination of XXXX in Contaminated Groundwater and Soil: Proof of Concept.

entities_list: @entity4965 :: ('MESH:D014241', 'Chemical') :: ['trichloroethylene']

answer: @entity4965 :: (MESH:D014241,Chemical) :: ['Trichloroethylene']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: High-frequency stimulation (HFS) of the anterior nucleus of thalamus (ANT) is a new and alternative option for the treatment of intractable @entity302 . However, the responder rate is relatively low. The present study was designed to determine the effect of @entity4365 ( @entity4365 ) in ANT on chronic spontaneous recurrent @entity410 and related pathological pattern in intra-hippocampal @entity4176 @entity19 model. We found that @entity4365 (1Hz, 100 s, 300 A), but not HFS (100Hz, 100 s, 30 A), in bilateral ANT significantly decreased the frequency of spontaneous recurrent @entity410 , either @entity410 or tonic-clonic generalized @entity410 . The anti- @entity302 effect persisted for one week after @entity4365 cessation, which manifested as a long-term inhibition of the frequency of @entity410 with short (20-60s) and intermediate duration (60-120s). Meanwhile, @entity4365 decreased the frequency of high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) and interictal spikes, two indicators of @entity410 severity, whereas HFS increased the HFO frequency. Furthermore, @entity4365 decreased the power of the delta band and increased the power of the gamma band of hippocampal background EEG. In addition, @entity4365 , but not HFS, improved the performance of chronic @entity302 @entity19 in objection-location task, novel objection recognition and freezing test. These results provide the first evidence that @entity4365 in ANT alleviates @entity4176 -induced chronic @entity302 and @entity73 , which may be related to the modulation of the hippocampal EEG rhythm. This may be of great therapeutic significance for clinical treatment of @entity302 with deep brain stimulation.

title: Low-frequency stimulation in anterior nucleus of thalamus alleviates @entity4176 -induced chronic XXXX and modulates the hippocampal EEG rhythm.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'non-convulsive focal seizures']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity4365 :: ('MESH:C565121', 'Disease') :: ['LFS', 'low-frequency stimulation']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity40934 -like @entity784 (SPTL-AB) and @entity784 ( @entity784 ) are rare @entity784 with varying clinical courses. There is no standard treatment, although chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are commonly used. We describe results using @entity35406 for @entity1 and adults with these disorders. METHODS: We identified 15 @entity1 (12 adults, 3 @entity1 ) who were treated with @entity35406 between 2000 and 2010 from the Memorial Sloan-Kettering @entity5 Center @entity706 database, the @entity5 Center Registry, and the National @entity5 Institute (NCI) @entity706 database. There were 8 females and 7 males, with a median age of 45 years (range, 3 years to 85 years). All @entity1 had stage IV disease. Two of 15 and 4 of 15 @entity1 had documented @entity784 and SPTL-AB, respectively; others were presumed to have SPTL-AB. @entity35406 was administered at flat doses corresponding to 91 to 339 mg/m(2)/d. Two of 15 @entity1 received concurrent denileukin diftitox. Two @entity1 received @entity35406 as maintenance therapy and were not evaluable for response. RESULTS: Among those treated with @entity35406 alone, the overall response rate (ORR) was 82% (6/11 complete response [CR], 3/11 partial response [PR]). One of the 2 @entity1 treated with concomitant denileukin diftitox responded for an ORR of 10/13 (77%), including 54% CR and 23% PR. Median progression-free survival was 38.4 months; median duration of response was 26.3 months. Six @entity1 developed @entity1375 and 9 developed @entity407 ; one @entity1 developed dose-limiting @entity2298 . One pediatric @entity1 developed @entity1723 . CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective series, @entity35406 showed a high response rate in SPTL-AB and @entity784 . It was generally well-tolerated with durable responses; therefore, @entity35406 represents a promising therapy for @entity1 and adults with these disorders.

title: @entity35406 is active against @entity40934 -like XXXX in adult and pediatric populations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity35406 :: ('MESH:C095105', 'Chemical') :: ['bexarotene', 'Bexarotene']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'pediatric lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Stanford Cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['CGD-TCL', 'cutaneous gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma', 'T-cell lymphomas', 'T-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity40934 :: ('MESH:C537503', 'Disease') :: ['Subcutaneous panniculitis']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity784 :: (MESH:D016399,Disease) :: ['T-cell lymphoma']


abstract: A prospective study of @entity1 with @entity4037 was undertaken to study the experience with an open intraperitoneal underlay technique utilizing a bilayer prosthetic mesh. From September 1998 to March 2001, 102 @entity1 underwent repair with a bilayer expanded @entity736 (ePTFE) and @entity7502 mesh placed intraperitoneally and fixed in place with full-thickness abdominal muscle wall sutures to achieve a 5-cm underlay of the @entity4438 circumferentially. There were 67 females and 35 males ranging in age from 29 to 76 years (mean 53 years). Average @entity1 weight was 207 lb with 64 @entity1 in the @entity28 category. Forty @entity1 presented with recurrent @entity547 . Mean operative time was 103 minutes with an average diameter hernia defect size of 15 cm. Median hospital stay was 3 days. There was no surgical mortality, and major morbidity occurred in six @entity1 (2 wound @entity281 , one @entity1150 , one @entity583 , one @entity55 , and one @entity358 ). Mean follow-up is 28 months (range 12-42 months). No recurrence has been found with 100 per cent follow-up to date. No @entity1744 or enteric @entity292 have occurred during the follow-up period. The open intraperitoneal underlay mesh technique can be performed with a zero per cent early recurrence rate. Bilayer prosthetic mesh composed of ePTFE and @entity7502 can be safely placed intraperitoneally without causing @entity1321 .

title: Intraperitoneal underlay @entity4037 repair utilizing bilayer expanded XXXX and @entity7502 mesh.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4438 :: ('MESH:C563219', 'Disease') :: ['fascial defect']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['polypropylene']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolus']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction or enteric fistula']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['bowel obstruction']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['ventral hernias']

answer: @entity736 :: (CHEBI:53251,Chemical) :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']


abstract: CONTEXT: Attitude of fresh graduates toward @entity146 @entity1 is important to bridge the treatment gap due to @entity1032 . Psychiatry as a subject has been neglected in the undergraduates of MBBS. AIMS: (1) To compare the attitude of medical students and interns in a medical college toward @entity1032 and psychiatry. (2) To assess the impact of @entity146 training on attitude toward the mentally ill @entity1 and @entity1032 . SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Cross-sectional, single assessment study conducted at a tertiary hospital. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: @entity1 consisted of medical students of 1(st) and 2(nd) year who didn't have any exposure to psychiatry and interns, who had completed their compulsory 2 week clinical posting in psychiatry. @entity1 were individually administered sociodemographic proforma, General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), opinion about @entity1032 (OMI) scale, and attitude to psychiatry-29 ( @entity855 -29) scale. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Standard descriptive statistics (mean, percentage), Chi-square test. RESULTS: A total of 135 @entity1 formed the study sample, with 48, 47, and 40 @entity1 from 1(st) year, 2(nd) year and interns, respectively. Mean GHQ score was 14.03 for the entire sample. There was better outlook of interns toward psychiatry and @entity1 with @entity146 in comparison to fresh graduate students in some areas. Overall, negative attitude toward @entity1032 and psychiatry was reflected. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to psychiatry as per the current curriculum seems to have a limited influence in bringing a positive change in OMI and psychiatry.

title: Impact of psychiatry training on attitude of medical students toward XXXX and psychiatry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants', 'person']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'mental disorders']

answer: @entity1032 :: (MESH:D008607,Disease) :: ['mental illness']


abstract: The purpose of this work is to review the result of radiotherapy in the treatment of @entity2946 in pediatric @entity1 . Between 1986 and 1998, 66 @entity1 (45 @entity1 and 21 @entity1 ) received postoperative irradiation in our institute. Their mean age was 8.29 years. Irradiation was performed by linear accelerator, 36 Gy were applied in the high risk group (partial @entity5 resection, @entity5 cell positivity in the liquor, @entity3 within the central nervous system) and 30 Gy in the low risk group (total @entity5 resection, negative liquor cytology, no @entity3 within the central nervous system) on the entire cerebrum and spinal cord. This was followed in both groups by the application of 20-20 Gy boost irradiation on the posterior scala. Studying the survival it has been found that the surgical radicality did not significantly influence the survival chances of @entity1 , however, with the increase in the @entity5 size the survival chance significantly decreases (p = 0.03). When predicting life expectancy, however, the stage of @entity5 , the age of @entity1 , the risk group and the M stage yielded essential information. At the age of 8 years and less, the rate of survivors is 67.6%, for those over 8 years is 75.9% (p = 0.21), however the younger age was not significant. The appearance of @entity3 considerably deteriorates the chances of survival (from 81.5% to 66.7%, p = 0.02). In the low risk group of @entity1 the 5-year survival is 80%, while in the high risk group it is significantly lower, 67.4% (p = 0.04).

title: Postoperative radiotherapy of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity2946 :: ('MESH:D008527', 'Disease') :: ['medulloblastoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity2946 :: (MESH:D008527,Disease) :: ['childhood medulloblastomas']


abstract: Biotechnological advances in sequencing have led to an explosion of publicly available data via large international consortia such as The @entity5 (TCGA), The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE), and The NIH Roadmap Epigenomics Mapping Consortium (Roadmap). These projects have provided unprecedented opportunities to interrogate the epigenome of @entity5 cell lines as well as normal and @entity5 tissues with high genomic resolution. The Bioconductor project offers more than 1,000 open-source software and statistical packages to analyze high-throughput genomic data. However, most packages are designed for specific data types (e.g. expression, epigenetics, genomics) and there is no one comprehensive tool that provides a complete integrative analysis of the resources and data provided by all three public projects. A need to create an integration of these different analyses was recently proposed. In this workflow, we provide a series of biologically focused integrative analyses of different molecular data. We describe how to download, process and prepare TCGA data and by harnessing several key Bioconductor packages, we describe how to extract biologically meaningful genomic and epigenomic data. Using Roadmap and ENCODE data, we provide a work plan to identify biologically relevant functional epigenomic elements associated with @entity5 . To illustrate our workflow, we analyzed two types of @entity1313 : @entity11 ( @entity11 ) versus high-grade @entity11 ( @entity463 multiform or @entity11 ). This workflow introduces the following Bioconductor packages: AnnotationHub, ChIPSeeker, ComplexHeatmap, pathview, ELMER, GAIA, MINET, RTCGAToolbox,   TCGAbiolinks.

title: TCGA Workflow: Analyze XXXX genomics and epigenomics data using Bioconductor packages.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cultured cancer', 'tumor', 'Cancer Genome Atlas', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['GBM', 'glioma', 'low-grade glioma', 'LGG']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the forage:concentrate ratio that would provide the greatest duodenal flow of @entity1474 in ewes supplemented with @entity1460 oil and to determine how diets differing in forage content affect flow of conjugated @entity4722 (CLA) and @entity26416 (18:1(trans-11)). Five mature ewes (66.5 +/- 12.8 kg) fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square experiment. Diets were isonitrogenous and included bromegrass hay, cracked @entity4336 , @entity4336 gluten meal, @entity1133 , and limestone. Dietary fat was adjusted to 6% with @entity1460 oil. Five ratios of forage:concentrate (18.4:81.6, 32.2:67.8, 45.8:54.2, 59.4:40.6, and 72.9:27.1) were fed at 1.3% of BW daily in equal allotments at 0630 and 1830. After 14 d, @entity6214 (2.5 g) was dosed at each feeding for 7 d and ruminal, duodenal, and fecal collections were taken for the next 3 d. Duodenal flow of 18:0 increased linearly (P < 0.01) with dietary forage. Duodenal flow of 18:1(cis-9) and 18:2(cis-9,12) decreased (P < 0.001) but duodenal flow of 18:3(cis-9,12,15) increased (P < 0.01) with increased dietary forage. Biohydrogenation of dietary @entity1474 increased (P < 0.001) as dietary forage increased, which was concomitant with increased ruminal pH. Duodenal flow of 18:2(cis-9,trans-11) increased linearly (P < 0.01) with increased dietary forage but increased abruptly when forage was fed at 45.8%. Duodenal flow of the trans-10, cis-12 and cis-10, cis-12 CLA isomers decreased as dietary forage increased, but flow tended to increase on the highest-forage diet, resulting in both linear (P < 0.01) and quadratic (P < 0.01) effects. Duodenal flow of 18:1(trans-11) decreased from 8.28 g/d on the 18.4% forage diet to 5.47 g/d on the 59.4% forage diet then increased to 7.29 g/d on the highest-forage diet (quadratic, P < 0.1). Duodenal flow of 18:1(trans-11) was 27- to 69-fold greater than flow of CLA. We conclude that when ewes were fed a 6% crude fat diet duodenal flows of dietary @entity1718 changed incrementally as dietary forage was increased, whereas changes in flows of CLA isomers seemed to be more abrupt. Biohydrogenation changes were gradual with diet, suggesting a gradual shift in ruminal microbial populations with increasing forage. Finally, the highest-concentrate diet supported the greatest duodenal flows of dietary @entity1474 , as well as the highest flow of 18:1(trans-11).

title: Effect of forage:concentrate ratio on ruminal digestion and duodenal flow of XXXX in ewes.

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['unsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity26416 :: ('MESH:C050413', 'Chemical') :: ['trans-vaccenic acid']

entities_list: @entity4722 :: ('MESH:D019787', 'Chemical') :: ['linoleic acid']

answer: @entity1718 :: (MESH:D005227,Chemical) :: ['fatty acids']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity195 ( @entity195 ) is characterised by functional impairment, @entity194 , and degeneration of specific neuronal populations, especially pyramidal neurones of the cerebral cortex and hippocampal formation. Although @entity1 with @entity1294 have been shown to have similar metabolic and volumetric deficits to those with @entity195 , the underlying pathogenesis of these changes is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether pyramidal cell loss occurs in @entity6249 ( @entity6249 ) @entity303 by quantifying hippocampal volume and @entity1399 neurone number. METHODS: Fifty four prospectively studied @entity1 with @entity303 were screened, and four @entity1 fulfilling criteria for @entity6249 with no other significant @entity854 were identified. These were compared with five @entity1 fulfilling criteria for @entity195 and seven controls matched for age and sex. The hippocampal formation was serially sectioned, and the number of @entity1399 pyramidal neurones estimated using the optical dissector technique. Analysis of variance was used to evaluate group differences. RESULTS: @entity1 in both the @entity195 and @entity6249 groups showed a substantial loss of pyramidal neurones from the @entity1399 region. The pattern of hippocampal @entity194 and the degree of @entity1399 @entity528 were similar in the two @entity303 groups. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support recent in vivo studies showing similar metabolic deficits and @entity194 in @entity195 and @entity1294 . In addition, they provide evidence that the underlying cause of these abnormalities is a similar loss of neurones. Whereas the cause of the @entity528 in @entity195 is related to the deposition of abnormal proteins, the cause in @entity6249 is unknown. In the absence of other pathologies, damage to cerebral microvasculature should be considered a likely candidate.

title: @entity1 with @entity1294 due to microvascular pathology have significant hippocampal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6249 :: ('MESH:D059345', 'Disease') :: ['SVD', 'small vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1294 :: ('MESH:D015140', 'Disease') :: ['subcortical vascular dementia']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathological abnormality']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy', 'cerebral atrophy']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal loss']

answer: @entity528 :: (MESH:D009410,Disease) :: ['neuronal loss']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity167 is a major contributing factor in adult @entity130 and may adversely affect decision-making in other safety areas such as use of seatbelts and motorcycle helmets. The magnitude of risk-taking behavior and poor decision-making among adolescent @entity130 @entity1 is not fully appreciated. Our objective was to determine the prevalence and pattern of risk-taking behavior among adolescents (age < or = 20 years) admitted to an adult Level I @entity130 center. METHODS: The @entity130 registry was used to identify @entity1 . Data collected included age, mechanism of injury, blood @entity167 and urine toxicology results, seatbelt and helmet use, Glasgow @entity772 Score, Injury Severity Score, and outcome. RESULTS: Fifteen percent of all admissions to an adult @entity130 center were adolescents (648 of 4,291). Twenty-one percent of adolescents (138 of 648) and 30% of adults (1,067 of 3,643) tested positive for blood @entity167 on admission. Seatbelts were worn by only 19% of adolescent motor vehicle crash admissions versus 30% of adults. Only 7% of adolescents (6 of 83) with detectable @entity167 used restraints, compared with 22% (67 of 310) without documented @entity167 ingestion (p < 0.05). Adults were somewhat better at restraint use (16% of @entity167 -positive @entity1 and 36% without @entity167 ). Eight of 23 minors (35%) in motorcycle/bicycle crashes were wearing a helmet, compared with 95 of 168 adults (57%). Overall, 6.7% of adolescents and 8.6% of adults had positive toxicology screens. Adolescents with known @entity167 consumption were twice as likely to have a positive toxicology screen for illegal drugs (15 vs. 7%; p < 0.05). @entity167 was also frequently detected among adolescents with mechanisms of injury other than motor vehicle and motorcycle crashes, such as violence (25%) and falls (44%). CONCLUSION: @entity167 is frequently involved in all types of @entity130 , for adolescents as well as adults. This is often compounded by poor decision-making and multiple risk-taking behaviors.

title: Risk-taking behaviors among adolescent XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol', 'Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Antibiotics suppress normal gut flora, allowing overgrowth of acquired or native @entity2718 , with release of toxins that cause @entity32 . Oral @entity868 is used to treat antibiotic-associated @entity1960 ( @entity8307 ). This study was designed to determine whether oral @entity868 , as part of preoperative bowel preparation, prevents or decreases incidence of antibiotic-associated @entity1960 after elective colonic and rectal procedures. METHODS: Eighty-two @entity1 (40 @entity1 ) were prospectively, randomly assigned to receive one of two oral antibiotic regimens before colorectal surgery. All @entity1 underwent mechanical bowel preparation with @entity968 -electrolyte lavage solution before administration of oral antibiotics. Group 1 (n = 42) @entity1 received three doses (1 g/dose) of @entity5154 and @entity2929 . Group 2 (n = 40) @entity1 received three doses (1 g/dose) of @entity5154 and @entity868 . Both groups received one preoperative and three postoperative doses of intravenous @entity12092 (2 g/dose). Both groups had stool samples tested for @entity2718 toxin in the preoperative and postoperative periods by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay or by tissue culture @entity137 . @entity1 with preoperative stool studies positive for @entity2718 were excluded from the study. RESULTS: Treatment groups were not different for age, gender, or surgical procedure. Mean age +/- 1 standard deviation was 67.6 +/- 13.6 (range, 34-94) years in Group 1 and 62.1 +/- 13.5 (range, 35-84) years in Group 2 (P = 0.069). Mean length of hospital stay +/- 1 standard deviation was 9.76 +/- 4.9 (range, 4-28) days for Group 1 and 8.05 +/- 2.6 (range, 3-14) days for Group 2 (P = 0.053). Five @entity1 in Group 1 ( @entity5154 and @entity2929 ) and one @entity1 in Group 2 ( @entity5154 and @entity868 ) had positive stool studies for @entity2718 . Relative risk of colonization with @entity2718 in Group 1 was 4.76 times that in Group 2 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.581, 39). This difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.202). There were no significant differences in @entity2718 colonization rates with respect to age, length of stay, or gender. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that there may be a clinical association between use of @entity868 preoperatively and inhibition of intestinal colonization by @entity2718 in this @entity1 population undergoing colonic and rectal surgery.

title: @entity868 may inhibit intestinal colonization with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal inflammation']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity2929 :: ('MESH:D004917', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin']

entities_list: @entity8307 :: ('MESH:D004761', 'Disease') :: ['pseudomembranous colitis']

entities_list: @entity12092 :: ('MESH:D015313', 'Chemical') :: ['cefotetan']

entities_list: @entity5154 :: ('MESH:D009355', 'Chemical') :: ['neomycin']

entities_list: @entity2718 :: ('1496', 'Species') :: ['C. difficile', 'Clostridium difficile']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity2718 :: (1496,Species) :: ['Clostridium difficile']


abstract: Carcinogenesis studies of crocidolite @entity1355 were conducted with male and female F344/ @entity35 . This form of @entity1355 was administered at a concentration of 1% in pelleted diet for the lifetime of the @entity35 , starting with the dams of the study animals. The studies were started in January 1978 and ended in December 1980. Group sizes were 118 for male and female controls and 250 for male and female crocidolite @entity1355 -exposed @entity35 . The offspring from mothers exposed to crocidolite @entity1355 and the controls were similar in size at birth but were slightly smaller at weaning and remained so throughout their life. Feed consumption and survival were comparable in the exposed and control groups. No overt @entity137 was observed in the crocidolite @entity1355 -exposed animals. There was an elevated (P<0.05) incidence of thyroid gland C-cell @entity652 (control, 4/117, 3%, vs. exposed, 23/250, 9%) and of @entity259 (12/117, 10%, vs. 46/250, 18%) in crocidolite @entity1355 -exposed female @entity35 relative to concurrent controls. Because these control incidences were low relative to control incidences observed in other contemporary studies at this laboratory (21% for @entity259 ), this slight increase was not regarded as being biologically important. The data, documents, and pathology materials from the lifetime studies of @entity17110 @entity1355 have been audited. The audit findings show that the conduct of these studies is documented adequately and support the data and results presented in this Technical Report. Conclusions: Under the conditions of these feed studies, crocidolite @entity1355 was not overtly toxic and did not cause a carcinogenic response when ingested at a concentration of 1% in the diet by male and female F344/ @entity35 for their lifetime. Levels of Evidence of Carcinogenicity: Male @entity35 : Negative Female @entity35 : Negative

title: NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of @entity17110 (CAS No. 12001-28-4) In F344/ XXXX (Feed Studies).

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity17110 :: ('MESH:D017638', 'Chemical') :: ['crocidolite']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid gland C-cell carcinomas', 'thyroid gland C-cell tumors']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['N Rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine @entity3488 levels in @entity1 with suspected intracranial events and to determine whether @entity3488 levels could be used in the discrimination of @entity385 , @entity932 , and @entity510 in the emergency room. METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from the @entity1 prior to imaging to determine the levels of @entity3488 . @entity1 were divided into diagnostic groups after the imaging. One hundred and seventy-six @entity1 , who were enrolled in the study, were as follows: 50 @entity385 ( @entity385 ) @entity1 (M/F: 24/26), 47 @entity932 ( @entity932 ) @entity1 (M/F: 27/20), 29 @entity510 ( @entity510 ) @entity1 (M/F: 17/12) and 50 healthy controls. Differences and correlations between groups were analyzed. RESULTS: Plasma levels of @entity3488 in @entity1 with @entity385 , @entity932 , and @entity510 were 5.49 ng/dL (IQR 4.73 to 6.96), 4.50 ng/dL (IQR 3.04 to 9.77), and 5.90 ng/dL (IQR 3.11 to 13.26), respectively. It was found to be 2.0 ng/dL (IQR 1.57 to 2.5) in healthy volunteers. There was no significant correlation between @entity3488 levels and @entity1779 Score (ICHS) (r = 0.231, p = 0.118). However, significant positive correlation was found between @entity3488 levels with the National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale (NIHSS) (r = 0.365, p = 0.009) and the BotterelHunt and Hess Scale (BHHS) (r = 0.590, p = 0.001). The @entity3488 levels of 41 (32.5%) @entity1 who died were found to be significantly higher than those 85 (67.5%) @entity1 who were discharged (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3488 levels in @entity1 with @entity385 , @entity932 , and @entity510 are significantly higher than healthy volunteers, but the plasma level of @entity3488 is not decisive in the discrimination of @entity385 , @entity932 , and @entity510 .

title: XXXX Levels in @entity385 , @entity932 and @entity510 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage', 'ICH']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['Intracerebral Hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity3488 :: ('551', 'Gene') :: ['Copeptin', 'copeptin']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['CI', 'cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity3488 :: (551,Gene) :: ['Copeptin']


abstract: The action of @entity15258 ( @entity15258 ) on @entity141 signalling in HeLa cells and cardiac myocytes was investigated. Consistent with other studies, we found that superfusion of cells with @entity15258 rapidly inhibited @entity671 (InsP(3))-mediated @entity141 release and store-operated @entity141 entry (SOC). In addition to abrogating hormone-evoked @entity141 responses, @entity15258 could antagonise @entity141 signals evoked by a membrane permeant InsP(3) @entity13507 . @entity15258 also slowed the recovery of intracellular @entity141 signals consistent with an effect on @entity141 ATPases. The inhibitory action of @entity15258 on InsP(3) receptors (InsP(3)Rs), SOC channels and @entity141 pumps persisted for several minutes after washout of the compound. Application of @entity15258 to unstimulated cells had no effect on subsequent @entity141 responses suggesting that it has a use-dependent action. Mitochondria in cells treated with @entity15258 showed a rapid and slowly reversible swelling. @entity15258 did not cause the mitochondria to depolarise, but it reduced the extent of mitochondrial @entity460 uptake. Although @entity15258 has been demonstrated not to affect voltage-operated @entity141 channels or @entity8452 receptors, we found that it gave a concentration-dependent long-lasting inhibition of @entity141 signalling in electrically-stimulated cardiac myocytes, where InsP(3)Rs and SOC channels do not play a significant role. Our data suggest that @entity15258 has multiple cellular targets, a use-dependent action, is difficult to reverse and may affect @entity141 signalling in cell types where InsP(3) and SOC are not active.

title: XXXX ( @entity15258 ) antagonises @entity671 -induced @entity460 release, inhibits @entity460 pumps and has a use-dependent and slowly reversible action on store-operated @entity460 entry channels.

entities_list: @entity671 :: ('MESH:D015544', 'Chemical') :: ['inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate']

entities_list: @entity8452 :: ('MESH:D012433', 'Chemical') :: ['ryanodine']

entities_list: @entity15258 :: ('MESH:C109986', 'Chemical') :: ['2-APB', '2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity15258 :: (MESH:C109986,Chemical) :: ['2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We determined whether crowding at emergency shelters is associated with a higher incidence of @entity25 among disaster evacuees and identified the minimum required personal space at shelters. DESIGN: Retrospective review of medical charts. SETTING: 30 shelter-based medical clinics in Ishinomaki, Japan, during the 46 days following the Great Eastern Japan Earthquake and Tsunami in 2011. @entity1 : Shelter residents who visited eligible clinics. OUTCOME MEASURES: Based on the result of a locally weighted scatter-plot smoothing technique assessing the relationship between the mean space per evacuee and cumulative incidence of @entity25 at the shelter, eligible shelters were classified into crowded and non-crowded shelters. The cumulative incidence per 1000 evacuees was compared between groups, using a Mann-Whitney U test. To assess the association between shelter crowding and the daily incidence of @entity25 per 1000 evacuees, quasi-least squares method adjusting for potential confounders was used. RESULTS: The 30 shelters were categorised as crowded (mean space per evacuee <5.0 m(2), 9 shelters) or non-crowded (>=  5.0 m(2), 21 shelters). The study included 9031 @entity1 . Among the eligible @entity1 , 1079 @entity1 (11.9%) were diagnosed with @entity25 . Mean space per evacuee during the study period was 3.3 m(2) (SD, 0.8 m(2)) at crowded shelters and 8.6 m(2) (SD, 4.3 m(2)) at non-crowded shelters. The median cumulative incidence of @entity25 did not differ between the crowded shelters (2.3/1000 @entity1 -days (IQR, 1.6-5.4)) and non-crowded shelters (1.9/1000 @entity1 -days (IQR, 1.0-2.8); p=0.20). In contrast, after adjusting for potential confounders, crowded shelters had an increased daily incidence of @entity25 (2.6 per 1000 @entity1 -days; 95% CI 0.2 to 5.0/1000 @entity1 -days, p=0.03) compared to that at non-crowded shelters. CONCLUSIONS: Crowding at shelters may exacerbate @entity25 in disaster evacuees; therefore, appropriate evacuation space requirements should be considered.

title: Association between shelter crowding and incidence of XXXX among disaster evacuees: a retrospective medical chart review study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disruptions', 'sleep disturbance']

answer: @entity25 :: (MESH:D012893,Disease) :: ['sleep disturbance']


abstract: 1. Metallothioneins (MTs) are small metal-binding proteins. The genes that encode MT isoforms I and II are also induced by metal at transcription level. Commonly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) their putative function is protection against reactive @entity26 species (ROS), however their role may not be restricted to this sole purpose. The physiological function of MTs in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) requires further investigation. 2. Examination of phrenic nerve cross-sections from @entity28650 and @entity27943 double knockout @entity19 ( @entity28650 , II KO) showed a significant reduction (P=0.0032) in the mean myelinated axons calibre compared to 129/Sv wild type (Wt) counterparts. 3. Analysis of the Gaussian spectra specifically attributes this atrophy to the large myelinated class (>or=4 microm) of axon considered selectively vulnerable in @entity4681 ( @entity4681 ). Supporting the results, these axons also showed increased irregularity in shape. 4. In conclusion, MTs directly or indirectly influence the radial equilibrium of large myelinated motor axons.

title: Atrophy of large myelinated axons in XXXX , II knockout @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity4681 :: ('MESH:D016472', 'Disease') :: ['MND', 'motor neuron disease']

answer: @entity28650 :: (17748(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['metallothionein-I']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Earlier approaches to pallidotomy for @entity191 had significant complication rates. More recent approaches show fewer complications, but the effect of pallidotomy on cognition is unclear. The current study was conducted to examine the neuropsychological effects of unilateral pallidotomy. METHODS: Neuropsychological testing was performed on @entity1 with medically refractory, predominantly unilateral @entity191 at baseline and after unilateral ventral pallidotomy (n=28) or after an equivalent period without surgery in control @entity1 (n=10). RESULTS: Pallidotomy @entity1 showed no significant changes from baseline to retesting relative to the control group for any measure. Across all of the tests administered, only five of the surgery @entity1 showed a significant decline, and of these five none declined on more than one test. @entity308 did not relate to @entity73 . The pallidotomy group showed a significant improvement in motor functioning and activities of daily living whereas the control group did not. These measures were not associated with the neuropsychological test scores at baseline or retest. CONCLUSIONS: Stereotactic unilateral ventral pallidotomy does not seem to produce dramatic @entity73 in most @entity1 .

title: Cognitive functioning after pallidotomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['preoperative or postoperative cognition', 'cognitive declines']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", "refractory Parkinson's disease"]

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['refractory Parkinson's disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present study explores anti-MRSA ( @entity3256 resistant @entity794 ) activity of a bioactive phytochemical constituent, @entity14685 obtained from the medicinal herb, Nigella sativa Linn. Based on the initial assessment on crude extract of seeds of Nigella sativa Linn, the pure active constituent was employed in the study. Total of 99 @entity794 strains which comprised of 40 type and 59 clinical strains were selected for the study. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), bactericidal activity, post-antibiotic effect (PAE) and propensity to select resistant mutants were determined using standard protocols. Results revealed that @entity14685 exhibited MIC in the range of 8 - 16  g ml(-1) and MIC90 of 16  g ml(-1) against @entity794 strains. It was bactericidal to @entity794 by demonstrating >3 log kill. It showed a longer post-antibiotic effect (PAE) of 3.2  0.2 h. Upon exposure to high density inoculum of @entity794 , it did not select resistant mutants. Transmission electron microscopy of @entity14685 treated @entity794 showed no lysis but damage to cell wall and cell membrane which corroborated well with the salt tolerance and bacteriolysis assays. In conclusion, MIC90 , bactericidal property, longer PAE, absence of resistant mutant selection and damages in cell membrane and cell wall imply a promising anti-MRSA activity of @entity14685 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: In vitro profiling of anti-MRSA activity of XXXX against selected type and clinical strains.

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'MRSA']

entities_list: @entity14685 :: ('MESH:C003466', 'Chemical') :: ['thymoquinone']

answer: @entity14685 :: (MESH:C003466,Chemical) :: ['thymoquinone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about endothelial activation under the influence of endovascular temperature management. This analysis was designed to measure the endothelial markers @entity3658 ( @entity23876 ( @entity877 ) in endovascularly based prophylactic normothermia versus conventional temperature management. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial @entity1 with spontaneous subarachnoid or spontaneous @entity1779 were prospectively enrolled and randomized in two treatment arms: (a) prophylactic normothermia group with target core temperature 36.5  C using endovascular cooling, (b) active control group with conventional stepwise predefined fever management using antipyretic medication and surface cooling. Blood samples were obtained on days 1, 4, and 7. In a substudy @entity23876 were measured in 63 @entity1 for whom samples on consecutive days were available. RESULTS: The median total fever burden during the course of treatment was 0.0  C and 5.9  C  h in the endovascular and the conventional group, respectively (P  <  0.0001). Angiopoietin serum levels did not yield a statistical difference when comparing the two treatment arms. @entity3658 was significantly lowered, whereas @entity877 levels were significantly elevated on day 4 compared to baseline levels irrespective of group allocation (P  <  0.0001). The application of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was associated with significantly increased @entity3658 (P  <  0.05) and lower @entity877 levels on day 7 (P  <  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular long-term temperature management did not alter @entity23876 levels compared to the control group indicating that the endovascular cooling technique itself does not lead to additional endothelial impairment. However, application of NSAIDs led to lower @entity877 serum concentrations in the endovascular group.

title: Endovascular cooling and endothelial activation in hemorrhagic stroke XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: In this study, we aimed to estimate the contribution of environmental pollutants to the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and costs of @entity66 in American @entity1 . We examined four categories of illness: @entity10108 , @entity565 , @entity5 , and @entity4934 . To estimate the proportion of each attributable to toxins in the environment, we used an environmentally attributable fraction (EAF) model. EAFs for @entity10108 , @entity565 , and @entity5 were developed by panels of experts through a Delphi process, whereas that for @entity4934 was based on data from the National Academy of Sciences. We define environmental pollutants as toxic chemicals of @entity1 origin in air, food, water, and communities. To develop estimates of costs, we relied on data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Health Care Financing Agency, and the Practice Management Information Corporation. EAFs were judged to be 100% for @entity10108 , 30% for @entity565 (range, 10-35%), 5% for @entity5 (range, 2-10%), and 10% for @entity4934 (range, 5-20%). Total annual costs are estimated to be  54.9 billion (range  48.8-64.8 billion):  43.4 billion for @entity10108 ,  2.0 billion for @entity565 ,  0.3 billion for childhood @entity5 , and  9.2 billion for @entity4934 . This sum amounts to 2.8 percent of total U.S. health care costs. This estimate is likely low because it considers only four categories of illness, incorporates conservative assumptions, ignores costs of @entity158 and suffering, and does not include late complications for which etiologic associations are poorly quantified. The costs of pediatric environmental disease are high, in contrast with the limited resources directed to research, tracking, and prevention.

title: Environmental pollutants and disease in American @entity1 : estimates of morbidity, mortality, and costs for @entity10108 , XXXX , @entity5 , and developmental disabilities.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human']

entities_list: @entity10108 :: ('MESH:D007855', 'Disease') :: ['lead poisoning']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity4934 :: ('MESH:D019954', 'Disease') :: ['neurobehavioral disorders']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Investigate the expression and significance of @entity1712 in @entity3377 . METHODS: Retrospective analysis of clinical data for 151 @entity3377 @entity1 (BR group), complete blood count and blood bacterial culture etc.; in addition, 150 general @entity2348 @entity1 (BI group) and 135 @entity1 in healthy physical condition upon testing (NC group) are selected respectively as the control groups to comparatively study expression of white blood cells and @entity1712 for @entity3377 @entity1 . Adopt t test to compare measurement data. RESULTS: In comparison with BI group, WBC, NE, EO, MO, NE% and EO% in BR group are reduced but LY, LY% and MO% are increased and such difference shows statistical significance (P<0.01). In comparison with NC group, difference of WBC and NE in BR group shows no statistical significance (P>0.05). NE%, EO and EO% are reduced but MO, LY% and MO% are increased and such difference shows statistical significance (P<0.01). LY is increased and the difference shows statistical significance (P<0.05). White blood cell count is normal or is reduced among most of @entity3377 @entity1 , accounting for 90.73% (137/151); the @entity1 whose @entity1712 are reduced account for 75.50% (114/151) and those whose @entity1712 disappear are about 18.54% (28/151). CONCLUSION: There is an incidence rate of @entity1712 decrease or disappearance in @entity3377 and it shows the indication significance in the diagnosis of @entity66 .

title: Expression of XXXX be beneficial to early clinical diagnosis of @entity3377 .

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophils']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity3377 :: ('MESH:D002006', 'Disease') :: ['brucellosis', 'Brucellosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['early disease']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

answer: @entity1712 :: (MESH:D004802,Disease) :: ['eosinophils']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of @entity6191 ( @entity6191 ) in the South of France. OBJECTIVE: To determine what @entity6191 think about francophone Internet sites dedicated to @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: @entity1 with @entity1643 often seek medical information about their symptoms on the Internet. The quality of the information is usually poor. To date, the opinion of @entity6191 concerning the quality of @entity1643 @entity19688 sites remains unknown. METHODS: We invited the 112 @entity6191 in the Southern region to participate. The @entity1 used an assessment scale to evaluate 7 @entity19688 sites about @entity1643 in semicontrolled conditions. The quality and the importance of the different types of information (medical, nonmedical) and the design were measured on a visual analog scale (0-100) and with the point-sharing method (scale of 0-10). RESULTS: In total, 47 @entity6191 responded. The median quality score for the 7 @entity19688 sites was 50 (range 30-79). The score for medical information was 52.5 (10-80), for nonmedical information it was 60.4 (20-90), and for design it was 56.4 (30-85). For nonmedical information, the median relative weight was 4, and for both medical information and design it was 3. CONCLUSION: French @entity6191 believe that @entity1643 @entity19688 sites should focus on nonmedical, practical advice; they consider the design at least as important as the medical information. This viewpoint seems to conflict in part with @entity1 ' expectations. Good-quality and interactive @entity19688 sites could reduce this discordance. A list of approved sites should be available for general practitioners to recommend to their @entity1 , to supplement information given during the consultation.

title: How do general practitioners assess XXXX @entity19688 sites?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['chronic low back pain', 'CLBP']

entities_list: @entity6191 :: ('MESH:D004829', 'Disease') :: ['teaching general practitioners', 'TGPs']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['low back pain']