abstract: Components of the bacterial @entity7954 ( @entity7955 ) : @entity1735 phosphortransferase system (PTS) have multiple regulatory roles in addition to PEP-dependent transport/phosphorylation of numerous @entity3363 . We have recently shown that, in an opportunistic @entity1 pathogen, @entity5345 , enzyme IIA(Glc) (EIIA(Glc)) interacts with a peptidase that has high sequence similarity to @entity1 insulin-degrading enzymes, called Vibrio insulin-degrading enzyme (vIDE). Although the vIDE-EIIA(Glc) interaction is independent of the phosphorylation state of EIIA(Glc), vIDE shows no peptidase activity unless complexed with the unphosphorylated form of EIIA(Glc). A deletion mutant of ideV, the gene encoding vIDE, shows remarkably lower degrees of survival and virulence than the wild-type strain in @entity19 , implying that vIDE is a virulence factor. In this study, we investigated regulation of ideV expression at the transcriptional level. Primer extension analysis identified two different transcriptional start sites of ideV: P(L) for the longer transcript and P(S) for the shorter transcript. We performed ligand fishing experiments by using the promoter region of ideV and found that the @entity268 receptor protein (CRP) specifically binds to the promoter. DNase I footprinting experiments revealed that CRP binds to a region between the two promoters. In vitro transcription assays showed that CRP activates ideV P(S) transcription in the presence of @entity268 whose concentration is regulated by EIIA(Glc). These results suggest that EIIA(Glc) regulates the expression level of vIDE as well as its activity.

title: Expression of @entity5345 insulin-degrading enzyme is regulated by the XXXX -CRP complex.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human']

entities_list: @entity7954 :: ('MESH:D010728', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphoenolpyruvate']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity5345 :: ('672', 'Species') :: ['Vibrio vulnificus']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

answer: @entity268 :: (CHEBI:17489,Chemical) :: ['cAMP']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to present our evaluation of the outcomes of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity957 (SCC). METHODS: This was a prospective phase II study. The primary endpoint was complete response (CR). @entity1 with locally/regionally advanced cutaneous SCC deemed unsuitable for surgery received definitive radiotherapy (RT; 70 Gy in 35fractions) and concurrent weekly @entity902 -based chemotherapy ( @entity900 40 mg/m2 or @entity3003 area under the curve 2). RESULTS: Twenty-one @entity1 were enrolled in this study. Eighteen @entity1 had a locally advanced primary or nodal disease in the head and neck region with 66% having stage IV nonmetastatic disease. Of 19 evaluable @entity1 , 10 achieved a CR to definitive CRT with 2 further @entity1 rendered disease-free by salvage surgery for an overall CR of 63%. CONCLUSION: This is the only prospective series of CRT for cutaneous SCC. A high CR rate was documented in @entity1 with locoregional advanced disease who were unable to undergo surgery.    2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2016.

title: Prospective study of definitive chemoradiation in locally or regionally advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the skin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We analyzed the early and long-term quality of life changes occurring in 16 @entity1 undergoing tailored combined surgery for stage I @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) and severe @entity2415 . METHODS: Mean age was 65 +/- 5 years. All @entity1 had severe @entity2415 with severely impaired respiratory function and quality of life. @entity5 resection was performed with sole lung volume reduction (LVR) in 5 @entity1 , separate wedge resection in 3 @entity1 , segmentectomy in 2 @entity1 , and lobectomy in 6 @entity1 . A bilateral LVR was performed in 5 @entity1 . Quality of life was assessed at baseline and every 6 months postoperatively by the Short-form 36 (SF-36) item questionnaire. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 44 +/- 21 months. All @entity5 were pathologic stage I. There was no hospital mortality nor major morbidity. Significant improvements occurred for up to 36 months in the general health (p = 0.02) domain and for up to 24 months in physical functioning (p = 0.02), role physical (p = 0.005), and general health (p = 0.01) SF-36 domains. Associated improvements regarded @entity1353 index (-1.3 +/- 0.6) forced expiratory volume in one second (+0.28 +/- 0.2L), residual volume (-1.18 +/- 0.5L) and 6-minute-walking test distance (+86 +/- 67 m). Actuarial 5-year survival was similar to that of @entity1 with no @entity5 undergoing LVRS during the same period (68% vs 82%, p = not significant). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that selected @entity1 with stage I @entity1149 and severe @entity2415 may significantly benefit from tailored combined surgery in terms of long-term quality of life and survival.

title: Quality of life after tailored combined surgery for stage I @entity1149 and severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

answer: @entity2415 :: (MESH:D004646,Disease) :: ['emphysema']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1163 occurs frequently in adolescents, and is often benign. Potential worrisome @entity1163 events include those occurring with exertion, concurrent @entity662 , dyspnoea or palpitations, and those with focal or diffuse neurologic changes. CASE: A 16-year-old female was referred to our institution for a history of exercise-induced spells. She was diagnosed since the age of 2 years with @entity907 and postural @entity591 . She had been evaluated at multiple institutions, and was followed by pediatric neurology for a diagnosis of @entity2704 . Owing to recurrent @entity1109 and a @entity1163 requiring resuscitation, an echocardiogram was performed. The right coronary was normal, but the left coronary artery ostium could not be identified well. Doppler patterns were suspicious of an abnormal left coronary artery, and computed tomography angiography was performed. This revealed a single coronary artery arising from the right aortic sinus, with the left coronary artery arising from the proximal coronary trunk and coursing through the infundibular septum. This was surgically treated utilising a left internal mammary artery bypass graft to the left anterior descending coronary artery. A year later, she has not experienced any recurrence of @entity1163 , and has returned to athletic activity. CONCLUSION: This case highlights the index of suspicion that must be present when evaluating any @entity1 with @entity1163 , both clinically and via echocardiography. A computed tomography angiogram is indicated for better evaluation of coronary artery anatomy when an anomalous coronary cannot be ruled out by echocardiography.

title: Single coronary artery giving rise to an intraseptal left coronary artery in a XXXX presenting with @entity907 .

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity907 :: ('MESH:D019462', 'Disease') :: ['neurocardiogenic syncope']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['worsening symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1163 :: ('MESH:D013575', 'Disease') :: ['syncopal', 'syncope', 'Syncope', 'syncopal episode']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['orthostatic tachycardia syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2704 :: ('MESH:D008881', 'Disease') :: ['migraines']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Some studies about the @entity717 Society checklist for the diagnosis of @entity191 ( @entity191 ) @entity303 ( @entity3602 ) suggested that its accuracy was not totally satisfactory. Our study focused to evaluate the two items of the checklist related to the cognitive assessment. METHODS: We assessed 95 consecutive @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity191 using the UPDRS, Hoehn and Yahr, Schwab and England scales, Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire, MMSE, Clinical @entity303 Rating, clock drawing test, verbal fluency test (animals), digit span, word list battery of CERAD, Frontal Assessment Battery and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale The cognitive diagnosis was based on the MDS diagnostic criteria for @entity3602 . The checklist was completed later by a blinded investigator. The data were evaluated using descriptive analysis and calculation of sensitivity, and specificity of the checklist for the diagnosis of @entity3602 . RESULTS: 33 @entity1 (35%) were diagnosed with @entity3602 . The ROC curve showed that the MMSE cut-off score < 26 had the highest accuracy (sensitivity: 94%, specificity: 55%) for the diagnosis of @entity3602 . Using the checklist with original cut-off scores we found sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 58%. Using an alternative way to interpret the cognitive assessment of the checklist we found sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 89% for the diagnosis of @entity3602 . CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that to improve the accuracy of the checklist, it would be necessary to adjust the way we use and interpret the cut-off scores of the MMSE and of the subtests, without the need to eliminate their use.

title: An analysis of the cognitive items of the XXXX society checklist for the diagnosis of @entity303 in @entity1 with @entity191 .

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Movement Disorders']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['movement disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: During @entity1661 , the inhibition of gastrointestinal (GI) motility together with mucosal barrier dysfunction will lead to increased bacterial translocation and maintenance of @entity295 . The activation of the vagal anti-inflammatory pathway remains an appealing therapeutic strategy in @entity295 . In this respect, selective @entity15683 nicotinic @entity934 receptor (a7nAChR) agonists have shown anti-inflammatory properties in several animal models of @entity32 . METHODS: @entity295 was induced in OF-1 @entity19 by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). GI transit was quantified, and cytokine levels were determined in serum and colon. Colonic permeability was assessed by means of Evans blue injection. We studied the effect of @entity18686 , an a7nAChR agonist, on the aforementioned parameters. Splenectomized animals as well as a7nAChR-knock-out animals ( @entity15683 ) were included to study the role of splenic macrophages and the a7nAChR during polymicrobial @entity1661 . RESULTS: In septic animals, @entity18686 significantly @entity344 , lowered systemic and colonic levels of @entity777 , decreased colonic permeability, and decreased the number of positive cultures obtained from blood and mesenteric lymph nodes. Splenectomy prevented animals from developing @entity295 -induced @entity2616 . @entity15683 @entity19 displayed a more severe septic phenotype, whereas @entity18686 remarkably was also beneficial in these animals. CONCLUSION: Our results show that peripheral targeting of the vagal anti-inflammatory pathway proves beneficial in an animal model of polymicrobial @entity1661 . A major role is allocated to splenic immune cells in the development of @entity295 , as preventive splenectomy was protective for the development of @entity295 . Data on the @entity15683 @entity19 suggest that the beneficial effects mediated by @entity18686 on @entity32 and motility might be related to activation of other receptors besides the a7nAChR.

title: EFFECT OF @entity18686 , AN @entity15683 NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR AGONIST, ON CLP-INDUCED INFLAMMATORY, GASTROINTESTINAL MOTILITY, AND COLONIC PERMEABILITY CHANGES IN XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'Sepsis']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['ameliorated GI motility']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['MICE']


abstract: AIM: To assess the association of regular, unsupervised sports and exercise during pregnancy, by intensity level, with glycaemic control in @entity1 with @entity6677 (GDM). METHODS: Prospective cohort study of 971  @entity1 who, shortly after being diagnosed with GDM, completed a Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire assessing moderate and vigorous intensity sports and exercise in the past 3  months. Self-monitored capillary @entity413 values were obtained for the 6-week period following the questionnaire, with optimal glycaemic control defined>= 80% values meeting the targets<5.3mmol/L for fasting and <7.8mmol/ @entity5022 -hour after meals. Logistic regression estimated the odds of achieving optimal control; linear regression estimated activity level-specific least square mean @entity413 , as well as between-level mean @entity413 differences. RESULTS: For volume of moderate intensity sports and exercise ([MET*hours]/week), the highest quartile, compared to the lowest, had significantly increased odds of optimal control (OR=1.82 [95% CI: 1.06-3.14] P=0.03). There were significant trends for decreasing mean 1-hour post breakfast, lunch and dinner glycaemia with increasing quartile of moderate activity (all P<0.05). Any participation in vigorous intensity sports and exercise was associated with decreased mean 1-hour post breakfast and lunch glycaemia (both P<0.05). No associations were observed for fasting. CONCLUSION: Higher volumes of moderate intensity sports and exercise, reported shortly after GDM diagnosis, were significantly associated with increased odds of achieving glycaemic control. Clinicians should be aware that unsupervised moderate intensity sports and exercise performed in mid-pregnancy aids in subsequent glycaemic control among @entity1 with GDM.

title: Moderate intensity sports and exercise is associated with glycaemic control in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6677 :: ('MESH:D016640', 'Disease') :: ['gestational diabetes']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6677 :: (MESH:D016640,Disease) :: ['gestational diabetes']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The role of elective nodal irradiation of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) @entity1 treated with radiotherapy remains unclear. We investigated the significance of treating clinically uninvolved lymph nodes by retrospectively analyzing the relationship between loco-regional failure and the irradiated volume. METHODS: Between 1998 and 2003, @entity1 with IA-IIIB @entity1149 were treated with radiotherapy. The eligibility criteria for this study were an irradiation dose of 60Gy or more and a clinical response better than stable disease. Typical radiotherapy consisted of 40 Gy/20 fr to the @entity5 volumes (clinical target volume of the @entity5 [CTVp], of the metastatic lymph nodes [CTVn], and of the subclinical nodal region [CTVs]), followed by off-cord boost to CTVp+n to a total dose 60-68 Gy/30-34 fr. The relationship between the sites of recurrence and irradiated volumes was analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 127 @entity1 fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Their median overall and progression-free survival times were 23.5 (range, 4.2-109.7) and 9.0 months (2.2-109.7), respectively. At a median follow-up time of 50.5 months (range, 14.2-83.0) for the surviving @entity1 , the first treatment failure was observed in 95 @entity1 (loco-regional; 41, distant; 42, both; 12). Among the @entity1 with loco-regional failure, in-field recurrence occurred in 38 @entity1 , and four CTVs recurrences associated with CTVp+n failure were observed. No isolated recurrence in CTVs was observed. CONCLUSIONS: In-field loco-regional failure, as well as distant @entity3 , was a major type of failure, and there was no isolated elective nodal failure. Radiation volume adequacy did not seem to affect elective nodal failure.

title: Relation between elective nodal failure and irradiated volume in XXXX ( @entity1149 ) treated with radiotherapy using conventional fields and doses.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity34693 , previously known as @entity1192  - @entity69100  , shares a 360  -kb region of chromosome  2q13 with members of IL  -1 systems. @entity34693 encodes an anti  -inflammatory cytokine, IL  -36 receptor antagonist ( @entity34693 ). In spite of @entity34693 showing the highest homology to IL  -1 receptor ( @entity10496 ) antagonist, it differs from the latter in aspects including its binding to IL  -lRrp2 but not to @entity10496 . @entity34693 is mainly expressed in epithelial cells and has important roles in inflammatory diseases. In the present study, @entity34693 was identified in the genomes of 27  species, including @entity1 , @entity831 , @entity19 , @entity1641 and dolphin. @entity1 @entity34693 was mainly expressed in the eye, head and neck, fetal heart, lung, testis, cervix and placenta; furthermore, it was highly expressed in bladder and @entity3243 . Furthermore, a total of 30  single nucleotide polymorphisms causing missense mutations were determined, which are considered to be the causes of various diseases, such as generalized @entity1569 . In addition, the link between @entity34693 and the prognosis of certain @entity5 types was revealed through meta  -analysis. Tumor  -associated transcriptional factors c  -Fos, activator protein  -1, @entity1178 and nuclear factor  kB were found to bind to the upstream region in the @entity34693 gene. This may indicate that @entity34693 is involved in tumorigenesis and @entity5 progression through the regulation of @entity5  -associated transcriptional factors. The present study identified @entity34693 in various species and investigated the associations between @entity34693 and @entity5 prognosis, which would determine whether @entity34693 drove the evolution of the various species with regard to tumorigenesis.

title: Integrative genomic analysis of interleukin  -36RN and its prognostic value in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['pustular psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity831 :: ('9598', 'Species') :: ['chimpanzee']

entities_list: @entity3243 :: ('MESH:D010282', 'Disease') :: ['parathyroid tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of the study is to demonstrate the feasibility and the oncologic effectiveness of quadrantectomy plus sentinel node biopsy performed under local anesthesia, and to demonstrate the economic and psychologic advantages. METHODS: From October 1996 to March 2000, 71 @entity1 affected with clinical T1 N0 @entity0 , underwent quadrantectomy or @entity5 resection plus sentinel node biopsy and clinically suspicion axillary nodes biopsy, under local anesthesia at the @entity13389 di Cura "Villa Mafalda" in Rome. RESULTS: Twenty @entity5 were T1a, 26 T1b e 25 T1c. A mean of 2 sentinel nodes (range 1-4) and a mean of 8 axillary nodes were removed during the procedure. In 2 cases sentinel nodes were not identified. Intraoperative histologic examination showed metastatic sentinel nodes in 11 cases. An axillary node dissection was performed in all cases (>12 nodes) and no other metastatic nodes were found. In all @entity1 clinically suspected nodes were removed. In two cases no evidence of @entity3 was found in sentinel nodes, while histologic examination revealed in a @entity1 micrometastasis in one node, and in another @entity1 two metastatic nodes. CONCLUSIONS: Fifty-three @entity1 rated the overall surgical, anesthetic and recovery experience as "very satisfactory", 13 "satisfactory" and 5 "unsatisfactory". @entity1 typically expressed their pleasure at the possibility to return home and stressed the ease of recovery.

title: [Ambulatory surgical treatment for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3562 has been identified as a risk factor for @entity453 ( @entity453 ). South Asians appear to have a high incidence of @entity453 , while East Asians have a very low incidence. HYPOTHESIS: The present study was undertaken because the relative association of plasma @entity1255 levels (PH) with @entity453 in South Asians (SA = Indian, Pakistani, @entity3595 Lankan) and East Asians (EA = Chinese, Japanese) is not known. METHODS: Fasting PH were drawn on all @entity1 with @entity453 of SA (age 62.4+/-1.1 years, 72 @entity1 , 14 @entity1 ) and EA (age 61.8+/-3.0 years, 13 @entity1 , 4 @entity1 ) descent. These were compared with PH available from Caucasian (CA) @entity1 (age 61.1+/-1.1 years, 89 @entity1 , 17 @entity1 ) with @entity453 . RESULTS: The PH in SA, EA, and CA @entity1 were 11.0+/-0.5, 7.6+/-0.5, and 10.8+/-0.6 micromol/l, respectively (p<0.001 between EA and SA/CA). Percentages of SA, EA, and CA with elevated PH (> 12.0 micromol/l) were 33.7, 5.9, and 28.2%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the lipid subfractions between the SA and EA group. History of smoking was significantly higher in the EA (52.9 vs. 26.2%), while @entity101 and @entity6 had similar prevalences. CONCLUSION: Significant differences in PH of SA versus EA @entity1 with @entity453 exist. The relative contribution of @entity1255 in the development of @entity453 appears to be less in EA immigrants. In contrast, the association between @entity453 and PH in SA immigrants appears to be similar to that of Caucasians.

title: Possible ethnic differences in plasma @entity1255 levels associated with XXXX between south Asian and east Asian immigrants.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity3562 :: ('MESH:D020138', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperhomocysteinemia']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: @entity191 ( @entity191 ) is characterized by progressive death of @entity935 (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. We report a @entity35 model that exhibits progressive death of nigral neurons following unilateral injection of @entity4176 in the striatum. In situ end-labeling revealed significant numbers of dying nigral neurons ipsilateral to the lesion during the first 3 weeks following injection. An indication of the gradual nature of death was that similar small numbers of cells were detected at each time point. These early morphological markers of @entity528 led to a significant reduction (20%) at 5 months of @entity669 hydroxylase-positive neurons and total number of neurons in the ipsilateral substantia nigra compared with the contralateral control. To examine the role of nigrostriatal DA metabolism in the observed nigral @entity528 , we manipulated DA metabolism during the initial 2 weeks following @entity4176 lesion. Neurons in the ventral tier of the substantia nigra pars compacta were protected from death by treatment with @entity24270 ( @entity54019 ), an inhibitor of @entity3007 cyclohydrolase, the initial enzyme in the synthesis of the @entity669 hydroxylase co-substrate, @entity8083 ( @entity8084 ). Neurons in both the dorsal and ventral tier of substantia nigra pars compacta were protected from death by treatment with DAHP and @entity3034 . These experiments suggest that intrastriatal @entity4176 lesion is an in vivo model of trophic support withdrawal. This experimental procedure is useful for studying mechanisms underlying protracted death of nigral DA neurons and may provide valuable mechanistic information relevant to understanding the etiology of @entity191 .

title: @entity4176 lesion-induced nigral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8083 :: ('MESH:C003402', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrahydrobiopterin']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity24270 :: ('MESH:C017202', 'Chemical') :: ['2,4-diamino-6-hydroxy-pyrimidine']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity4176 :: ('MESH:D007608', 'Chemical') :: ['kainic acid']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal death']

answer: @entity528 :: (MESH:D009410,Disease) :: ['neuronal death']


abstract: We report two cases of @entity19140 paresthetica. The first @entity1 was 35-year-old pregnant @entity1 who reported dull @entity158 on the front and side of her thigh presenting at 6 weeks gestation. The symptoms disappeared in 1 week with conservative treatment and no other symptoms developed. The second @entity1 was a 56-year-old @entity1 , @entity28 , who reported intense, burning @entity158 with @entity1183 and occasional bouts of piercing @entity158 . The symptoms were resistant to treatment with non-steroidal antiinflamatory drugs or mild opiates, but were relieved by injection of local anesthetics and @entity288 . @entity19140 paresthetica is @entity4216 that affects the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. It can occur during pregnancy or in other contexts. The most common cause is entrapment of the nerve at the anterior superior iliac spine or during its passage through the inguinal ligament. The most common symptom is @entity1183 at the front of the thigh, although burning, formication, tingling, or other forms of paresthesia may also be present. The condition is usually self-limiting, although uncomfortable. Diagnosis is based on careful neurological examination. Conservative treatment is preferred and is based on limiting periods of standing and avoidance of tight clothing. Oral analgesics can be prescribed if necessary and weight loss is required for @entity28 @entity1 . Surgical ablation of the nerve is a last resort.

title: [2 cases of paresthetic XXXX of the femoral cutaneous nerve].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity19140 :: ('MESH:C537458', 'Disease') :: ['Meralgia', 'meralgia']

entities_list: @entity4216 :: ('MESH:D020422', 'Disease') :: ['mononeuropathy']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity19140 :: (MESH:C537458,Disease) :: ['meralgia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To determine the causes underlying the formation of adult @entity2941 .Anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction is the most widely accepted theory regarding the etiology of @entity2941 . However, @entity2941 have been found in @entity1 in the absence of this @entity154 . Because the number of adult @entity1 with @entity2941 is increasing, it is important to address this controversy.Bile amylase levels in the cysts of 27 @entity1 (8 males and 19 females) who had undergone cholecystectomy were retrospectively evaluated.The average age of the 27 @entity1 was 45.8  10.1 years and the majority (85.2%) were diagnosed with Todani type I cysts. None of the @entity1 had dilatation of the common bile duct prior to surgery. There were 6 (22.2%) @entity1 with @entity3161 . However, amylase levels did not significantly differ between @entity1 with and without this @entity154 (P=0.251). According to bile amylase levels, @entity354 was present in 21 (77.8%) @entity1 . The mean amylase level significantly differed in @entity1 with @entity354 (23,462  11,510IU/L) and those without (235  103IU/L) (P<0.001). In @entity1 with @entity354 , only 4 @entity1 had @entity3161 . That is, the majority of @entity1 (17/21, 81%) having @entity354 did not have an anomalous junction of the pancreatic and biliary ducts.Since the only explanation for @entity354 in @entity1 with a normal pancreaticobiliary junction is @entity1690 , we proposed that the formation of adult @entity2941 is mainly due to @entity1690 .

title: XXXX and the Formation of Adult Choledochal Cyst Following Cholecystectomy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1690 :: ('MESH:D046628', 'Disease') :: ['sphincter of Oddi dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2941 :: ('MESH:D015529', 'Disease') :: ['choledochal cyst', 'choledochal cysts']

entities_list: @entity3161 :: ('MESH:D020511', 'Disease') :: ['anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatobiliary reflux']

answer: @entity1690 :: (MESH:D046628,Disease) :: ['Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction']


abstract: This study aimed at evaluating the possible effects of @entity1949 ( @entity1949 ) after shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) on the health-related quality of life (QOL) of the @entity1 on a size-related basis. Eighty six @entity1 with @entity1949 after SWL were divided into three groups: Group 1 (n:30 with fragments  <=2  mm), Group 2 (n:21 2- <=4  mm) and Group 3 (n:35  >  4  mm). During a 3-month follow-up, spontaneous passage rates, emergency department visits, mean analgesic required, additional procedures and the QOL were all evaluated. QOL was evaluated using the Short Form-36 survey. Of the 30 @entity1 with fragments  <=2  mm all cases passed the fragments spontaneously. Of the 21 cases with fragments 2- <=4, however, 76  % were stone free. Last, of the 35 cases with fragments >4  mm, 52  % passed them spontaneously in 3  months. While no @entity1 with fragments  <=2  mm required emergency department visit, 19  % of the cases with fragments 2- <=4  mm and 51.4  % with fragments >4  mm did require this visit. Mean analgesic need (mg) values were higher in cases with larger fragments. Evaluation of the QOL score data in a subgroup comparison base showed that cases with larger fragments had prominently lower scores during both 1- and 3-month evaluation. @entity1949 after SWL could pose an impact on the QOL of the cases in a size-related basis. While fragments  <=2  mm had nearly no impact on this aspect larger fragments could significantly affect the QOL.

title: How do the XXXX after SWL affect the health-related quality of life? A critical analysis in a size-based manner.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['residual fragments', 'RF']

answer: @entity1949 :: (MESH:D012892,Disease) :: ['residual fragments']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Non- @entity2067 antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are frequently used to prevent @entity64 in @entity1 with @entity955 . These @entity1 are often also on @entity117 or other antiplatelet agents. It is possible that treatment with both NOACs and @entity117 or other antiplatelet drug may be effective in decreasing @entity64 , but data are sparse regarding the efficacy and safety of using both agents for @entity64 prevention.To address these issues, data were pooled from the four recent randomized controlled trials of NOACs @entity5424 , @entity3925 , @entity3926 and @entity14242 , which included 42,411 @entity1 ; 14,148 (33.4%) were also on @entity117 or other antiplatelet drug. The number of @entity1031 among @entity1 on @entity15796 and @entity117 /antiplatelet was compared to the number of events in @entity1 on @entity15796 alone. Bleeding rates were also compared among those on @entity15796 + @entity117 /antiplatelet to @entity15796 alone. These results were compared to @entity1031 and @entity548 events in the @entity1229 + @entity117 /antiplatelet vs. @entity1229 alone. No greater risk for @entity1031 was seen in @entity1 on NOACs compared to @entity1 on both NOACs and @entity117 /antiplatelet drug. In this non-randomized comparison, there was initially a signal towards higher @entity1031 rates among @entity15796 users also on @entity117 /antiplatelet drugs (RR 1.16; 95% CI 1.05, 1.29) compared to @entity15796 alone. This likely reflected the higher CHADS2 scores of those on @entity117 /antiplatelet drugs. When the analysis was limited to studies that included @entity117 rather than other antiplatelet drugs, no difference was seen for @entity1031 rates comparing dual therapy to @entity15796 alone (RR 1.02; 95% CI 0.90, 1.15). Higher rates of @entity548 were seen with @entity117 /antiplatelet drug in conjunction with @entity15796 . In this meta-analysis and nonrandomized comparison of @entity117 /antiplatelet users and nonusers also on anticoagulation, there was no additional benefit seen of anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy for @entity64 4 prevention compared to anticoagulation alone. There was, however, an increased risk of @entity548 . Careful assessment of the indications for antiplatelet drugs in @entity1 with @entity955 who are also receiving oral anticoagulation is warranted, and future randomized comparisons are needed.

title: Non-VKA Oral Anticoagulants and Antiplatelet Therapy for @entity64 Prevention in @entity1 with XXXX : a Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity3926 :: ('MESH:C554682', 'Chemical') :: ['dabigatran']

entities_list: @entity3925 :: ('MESH:C503223', 'Chemical') :: ['rivaroxaban']

entities_list: @entity5424 :: ('MESH:C522181', 'Chemical') :: ['apixaban']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism', 'thromboembolic', 'thromboembolic events']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['Atrial Fibrillation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to investigate the occurrence of gastrointestinal (GI) and extraintestinal symptoms in @entity1 and adolescents with @entity6 ( @entity5471 ) and @entity1467 ( @entity1467 ) and their association with specific antibodies and histopathology of @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ), representing its clinical forms in the iceberg. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study (November 2009-December 2012) conducted at an outpatient care facility in Northeast Brazil including @entity1 [ @entity5471 (n   =   111); @entity1467 (n   =   77)] aged 10 months-18 years old. Measurement of anti-endomysial (EmA) and anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) IgA antibodies was performed, as was that of anti-tTG-IgG in the cases with low serum IgA. The patients with antibody positivity were subjected to small intestine biopsy. RESULTS: @entity344 occurred in 53.7% of the sample, extraintestinal symptoms in 4.3%, and antibody positivity in 28.2% (n   =   53). Of those who underwent biopsy (n   =   40), histopathological findings of @entity1593 were found in 37.5% [ @entity5471   =   5/111 (4.5%), @entity1467   =   10/77 (13.0%)]. @entity344 were associated with antibody positivity, but not with the histopathology. The GI (32.5%), silent (5.0%), and potential (62.5%) forms of disease were detected. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of @entity344 was high in groups @entity5471 and @entity1467 , and the occurrence of such symptoms was associated with antibody positivity. The lack of association between the symptoms and histopatholological findings points to the inconsistency of the former as indicators of @entity1593 . Although the GI form predominated among the cases with active @entity1593 , its contribution to the celiac iceberg was smaller compared with the potential form, which determined the large and submerged base of the iceberg representing the high-risk groups investigated.

title: The celiac iceberg: from the clinical spectrum to serology and histopathology in @entity1 and adolescents with XXXX and @entity1467 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['celiac disease', 'CelD']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 1 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['GI symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ['Down syndrome', 'DS']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['type 1 diabetes mellitus']


abstract: PURPOSE: To delineate the electroclinical features of @entity1 with partial @entity410 in adolescence with a benign outcome. METHODS: @entity1 were recruited in five different Italian @entity302 centers. @entity1 were selected among those with partial @entity410 between ages 11 and 17 years. We excluded benign childhood @entity302 , those with @entity51 , and those with neuroradiologically documented lesions. We also excluded @entity1 with less than 3 years' follow-up or who were still receiving antiepileptic therapy. RESULTS: There were 37 (22 male, 15 female) @entity1 . @entity410 started at the mean age of 14.5 years (range, 11-16.11). Two main electroclinical patterns emerged: 16 of 37 @entity1 had somatomotor @entity410 frequently associated with focal theta discharges involving the centroparietal regions. Ten of 37 @entity1 showed versive @entity410 and interictal spiking involving the posterior regions. A third group had clinical characteristics resembling the cases described by Loiseau. All had a favorable outcome. CONCLUSIONS: This relevant multicenter study further confirms the existence of benign @entity302 with onset during adolescence.

title: Benign XXXX of adolescence: a report of 37 new cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic or mental deficits']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['Seizures', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsies', 'epilepsy', 'partial epilepsies']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['partial epilepsies']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 with an increased lifetime risk of @entity43 are advised to undergo risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) to reduce risk of @entity5 . We investigated the uptake of RRSO and evaluated the influence of personal medical history of (breast) @entity5 , risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) and family history of @entity5344 on the RRSO decision. This single center retrospective observational cohort study was performed in a tertiary multidisciplinary clinic for @entity4310 of the University Medical Centre Utrecht, the Netherlands. @entity1 >= 35  years old with an estimated lifetime risk of @entity43 >= 10  %, who had completed childbearing, were eligible for RRSO. Uptake and timing of RRSO were analyzed. Influence of personal medical history and family history on RRSO decision making, were evaluated with logistic regression. The study population consisted of 218 @entity1 (45.0  % @entity5345 mutation carrier, 28.0  % @entity2674 mutation carrier, 27.0  % with familial susceptibility) with 87.2  % RRSO uptake. The median age at RRSO was 44.5 (range 28-73) years. Of the @entity1 undergoing RRSO, 78.3  % needed  <=3 consultations to reach this decision. Multivariable analysis showed a significant difference in RRSO uptake for @entity1 with a history of RRM [OR 3.66 95  % CI (1.12-11.98)], but no significant difference in @entity1 with a history of @entity0 [OR 1.38 95  % CI (0.50-3.79)], nor with a family history of @entity5344 [OR 1.10 95  % CI (0.44-2.76)]. We conclude that RRSO counseling, without the alternative of screening, is effective. The uptake is increased in @entity1 with a history of RRM.

title: The effect of personal medical history and family history of XXXX on the uptake of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian and/or breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'adnexal cancer']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: @entity438 are one of the most serious complications of @entity3555 but the mechanism underlying @entity438 is unclear. We reported the cytokine levels in a cerebral @entity5880 in a @entity1 with @entity1467 . The @entity1 was a 12-year-old female. She was diagnosed as having @entity1467 and @entity299 consisting of an @entity4007 at birth. She underwent a radical operation at 9 years but mitral @entity338 remained. She was hospitalized with high fever, @entity391 , loss of activity and gait disturbance. Neurological examination revealed @entity3541 and @entity1269 on the left side. Cytokines such as @entity650 , @entity310 , sTNFR1 and sE-selectin were elevated in blood, and @entity650 , @entity310 and sTNFR1 in cerebrospinal fluid. T2-weighted MRI disclosed a low intensity area in the right Sylvian sulcus. MR angiography showed an @entity439 of the right middle cerebral artery. We think that cytokines and the formation abnormality of collagen fibers are related to the production of @entity439 .

title: Increased cytokine levels in a cerebral @entity5880 in a @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity5880 :: ('MESH:D000785', 'Disease') :: ['mycotic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity4007 :: ('MESH:D004694', 'Disease') :: ['endocardial cushion defect']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['valve regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ["Down's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial palsy']

entities_list: @entity3555 :: ('MESH:D004697', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial endocarditis']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral aneurysms', 'Cerebral mycotic aneurysms']

answer: @entity1467 :: (MESH:D004314,Disease) :: ['Down's syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Enhancing @entity1410 clearance through phagocytosis may reduce @entity1545 after @entity1779 . In the current study, we investigated the role of cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) in regulating erythrophagocytosis and @entity1545 after @entity1779 in @entity19 . METHODS: This study was in 2 parts. First, male adult @entity19 had an intracaudate injection of 30  L saline, blood from male adult @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity19 , or blood from CD47 knockout @entity19 . Second, @entity19 had an intracaudate injection of 30  L CD47 knockout blood with @entity19160 or control liposomes. @entity19160 liposomes were also tested in saline-injected @entity19 . All @entity19 then had magnetic resonance imaging to measure @entity1410 size and @entity4 . Brains were used for immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS: Erythrophagocytosis occurred in and around the @entity1410 . Injection of CD47 knockout blood resulted in quicker clot resolution, less @entity4 , and less @entity51 compared with @entity164 blood. Higher brain @entity1446 oxygenase-1 levels and more microglial activation (mostly M2 polarized microglia) at day 3 were found after CD47 knockout blood injection. Co-injection of @entity19160 liposomes, to deplete phagocytes, caused more severe @entity4 and less clot resolution. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated that CD47 has a key role in @entity1410 clearance after @entity1779 .

title: Role of Erythrocyte CD47 in Intracerebral XXXX Clearance.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['brain swelling']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity19160 :: ('MESH:D004002', 'Chemical') :: ['clodronate', 'Clodronate']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1410 :: (MESH:D006406,Disease) :: ['Hematoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3479 , a recombinant @entity1456 , has been used in the treatment of acute @entity1563 . Experience is accumulating regarding its use in the treatment of @entity1095 . Increased experience with this thrombolytic agent may show that it can be an appropriate alternative agent to currently employed plasminogen activators. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Over the course of six months, @entity3479 was used to treat 18 @entity1 with peripheral @entity432 , confined to the lower extremities. The agent was infused via "pulse-spray" catheters. Fifteen @entity1 were started on 0.5 U/h. Concurrent heparin therapy was used at 500 U/h in 16 of 18 @entity1 . RESULTS: The average total dose of @entity3479 infused was 13.3 units. It ranged from 6.2 to 41.5 units. The average duration of infusion was 26.9 hours with a range of 12-44 hours. Clinical success, defined as restoration of sufficient patency to reestablish limb function and resolution of @entity158 in the symptomatic extremity was 89% (16 out of 18). @entity548 occurred in five @entity1 and were major in one @entity1 (5%). No @entity1 experienced @entity932 . CONCLUSION: Increased experience with the use of @entity3479 in the treatment of @entity432 is accumulating. The safety and efficacy profile in our group appears satisfactory and compares to other studies. However, definite conclusions must await the results of controlled comparisons of different @entity3479 infusion regimens and controlled comparison to other thrombolytic agents.

title: @entity3479 infusion in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Hemorrhagic complications']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1456 :: ('100128998', 'Gene') :: ['tissue plasminogen activator']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['arterial occlusions', 'acute lower extremity occlusions']

entities_list: @entity3479 :: ('5327', 'Gene') :: ['reteplase', 'Reteplase']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['acute lower extremity occlusions']


abstract: @entity526 isolates were recovered from the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System retail meat program and examined for antimicrobial susceptibility. Retail meat samples (n = 11,921) from four U.S. states collected during 2002 to 2008, consisting of 2,988 @entity1573 breast, 2,942 ground @entity233 , 2,991 ground beef, and 3,000 pork chop samples, were analyzed. A total of 8,286 @entity526 isolates were recovered. The greatest numbers of samples contaminated with the organism were @entity1573 (83.5%) and @entity233 (82.0%), followed by beef (68.9%) and pork (44.0%). Resistance was most common to @entity803 (50.3%), followed by @entity3639 (34.6%), @entity207 - @entity23174 (31.6%), @entity869 (22.5%), @entity801 (18.6%), @entity7913 (8.4%), @entity10188 (6.4%), and @entity3398 (5.2%). Less than 5% of the isolates had resistance to @entity206 , @entity2756 , @entity21563 , @entity802 , @entity2755 , and @entity2177 . All isolates were susceptible to @entity4509 . Compared to beef and pork isolates, the poultry meat isolates had a greater percentage of resistance to all tested drugs, with the exception of @entity2755 , to which pork isolates had the most resistance. More than half of the @entity233 isolates (56%) were resistant to multidrugs (>= 3 classes) compared to 38.9% of @entity1573 , 17.3% of pork, and 9.3% of beef isolates. The bla(CMY) gene was present in all @entity2756 - and @entity21563 -resistant isolates. The cmlA, flo, and catI genes were present in 45%, 43%, and 40% of @entity2755 -resistant isolates, respectively. Most @entity802 -resistant isolates (98.5%) had a gyrA mutation in S83 or D87 or both, whereas only 6.7% had a parC mutation in either S80 or E84. The results showed that @entity526 was commonly present in the retail meats, and antimicrobial resistance profiles differed according to the animal origin of the isolates.

title: Comparison of the prevalences and antimicrobial resistances of XXXX isolates from different retail meats in the United States, 2002 to 2008.

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity2756 :: ('MESH:D002443', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftriaxone']

entities_list: @entity21563 :: ('MESH:C053503', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftiofur']

entities_list: @entity7913 :: ('MESH:D007612', 'Chemical') :: ['kanamycin']

entities_list: @entity23174 :: ('MESH:D013444', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfisoxazole']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity3639 :: ('MESH:D013307', 'Chemical') :: ['streptomycin']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

entities_list: @entity802 :: ('MESH:D009268', 'Chemical') :: ['nalidixic acid']

entities_list: @entity10188 :: ('MESH:D019980', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin-clavulanic acid']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

entities_list: @entity3398 :: ('MESH:D002440', 'Chemical') :: ['cefoxitin']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A chief morbidity of @entity2103 is ocular exposure, which is largely due to lower lid retraction and ectropion. OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of midfacial elevation in the comprehensive surgical treatment of @entity8442 lower lid malposition and ocular exposure. METHODS: Eleven @entity1 with chronic @entity2103 causing symptomatic ocular exposure were treated with subperiosteal midface elevation as a component of comprehensive lower lid elevation. Other procedures were performed concomitantly to treat lower lid ligament laxity and reduced lower @entity2003 , as required. Preoperative and postoperative ocular exposure symptoms, visual acuity, lower lid position, lagophthalmos, and @entity2372 were compared. RESULTS: At an average of 17 months of follow-up, all @entity1 reported improvement in symptoms. Visual acuity was maintained or improved in all @entity1 . Lower eyelid position (P =.003), lagophthalmos (P =.07), and @entity2372 (P<.001) were also improved. CONCLUSIONS: Midfacial elevation is a safe and effective surgical adjunct in the treatment of lower eyelid retraction in chronic @entity3541 . Its use reduces the need for tarsorrhaphy, which limits the binocular visual field and negatively impacts cosmesis.

title: Comprehensive midfacial elevation for ocular complications of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['lid rigidity']

entities_list: @entity2372 :: ('MESH:C562399', 'Disease') :: ['keratopathy']

entities_list: @entity8442 :: ('MESH:D007418', 'Disease') :: ['paralytic']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial palsy']

answer: @entity2103 :: (MESH:D005155,Disease) :: ['facial nerve palsy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between @entity145 and @entity11757 . METHODS: We reviewed five cases of @entity145 that ruptured, producing acute @entity11757 . The surgical management and diagnostic methods used are assessed. RESULTS: Five male @entity1 ranging in age from 6 to 25 years sustained the rupture of @entity145 , which produced acute @entity11757 . Four of the @entity1 had incurred blunt @entity542 . All @entity1 presented with symptoms referable to @entity428 . The pathognomonic features of a middle fossa @entity145 (MFAC) were noted on the computed tomographic scans and/or magnetic resonance images of each @entity1 . The @entity3609 exerted mass effect on the ipsilateral hemisphere and was noted to be under significant pressure at the time of surgical intervention in each case. Two of the five cases are unique in the literature. In one, a coexisting quadrigeminal cyst ruptured, producing a @entity11757 ipsilateral to the MFAC and dilating the basal cisterns. In the other, the MFAC ruptured into the basal cisterns as well as into the subdural space. The MFAC in each of the remaining three @entity1 ruptured into the subdural space alone. All @entity1 were treated with drainage of the subdural space. In the two @entity1 in whom the basal cisterns were involved, both the @entity3609 and the MFACs failed to change significantly in size. The @entity3609 resolved completely and the MFACs decreased in size considerably in the three @entity1 without cisternal involvement. CONCLUSION: The rupture of an @entity145 can produce a @entity11757 and @entity428 . The latter mandates emergent drainage of the subdural space. In @entity1 in whom the basal cisterns are not dilated by @entity397 , both the MFACs and @entity3609 resolve after subdural drainage.

title: @entity145 rupture producing XXXX and @entity428 : case reports.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3609 :: ('MESH:D018191', 'Disease') :: ['hygroma', 'hygromas']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

entities_list: @entity11757 :: ('MESH:D013353', 'Disease') :: ['subdural hygroma', 'subdural hygromas']

entities_list: @entity145 :: ('MESH:D016080', 'Disease') :: ['arachnoid cysts', 'arachnoid cyst']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['cyst rupture']

answer: @entity11757 :: (MESH:D013353,Disease) :: ['subdural hygroma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Clinical studies of @entity1 with @entity4785 and prospective studies of childhood @entity130 survivors show inconsistent findings regarding the relationship between childhood @entity130 and dissociation. This study aims to resolve this inconsistency by investigating how dissociation is related to @entity409 , general psychopathology, childhood @entity130 , and adulthood @entity130 . Specifically, we focus on the role of cumulative traumatization in pathological and non-taxon dissociation. Eighty acute @entity146 inpatients were administrated standardized measures on dissociation, perceived @entity409 , traumatizing events, and general psychopathology. @entity409 and @entity130 correlated with both types of dissociation and general psychopathology. When general psychopathology and @entity409 were controlled, a unique link between @entity130 and dissociation remained significant. Moreover, the pattern of relationships differed for non-taxon and pathological dissociations. The effect of childhood but not adulthood @entity130 was significant on non-taxon dissociation. In contrast, an interactive model incorporating both childhood and adulthood @entity130 was the best model for explaining pathological dissociation. Childhood @entity130 is important for developing non-taxon dissociation, and adulthood @entity130 exacerbates its effects on the emergence of pathological dissociation. Cumulative traumatization from childhood to adulthood should be incorporated into the @entity130 hypothesis of pathological dissociation.

title: Cumulative traumatization associated with pathological dissociation in acute XXXX inpatients.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity4785 :: ('MESH:D004213', 'Disease') :: ['dissociative disorders']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['parental dysfunctions', 'Parental dysfunctions']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Close to three percent of the world's population suffer from @entity6 . Despite the range of treatment options available for @entity6 @entity1 , not all @entity1 benefit from them. Investigating how different pathways correlate with phenotype of interest may help unravel novel drug targets and discover a possible cure. Many pathway-based methods have been developed to incorporate biological knowledge into the study of microarray data. Most of these methods can only analyze individual pathways but cannot deal with two or more pathways in a model based framework. This represents a serious limitation because, like genes, individual pathways do not work in isolation, and joint modeling may enable researchers to uncover patterns not seen in individual pathway-based analysis. In this paper, we propose a random effects model to analyze two or more pathways. We also derive score test statistics for significance of pathway effects. We apply our method to a microarray study of @entity2175 . Our method may eludicate how pathways crosstalk with each other and facilitate the investigation of pathway crosstalks. Further hypothesis on the biological mechanisms underlying the disease and traits of interest may be generated and tested based on this method.

title: Random Effects Model for Multiple Pathway Analysis with Applications to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['Type II diabetes']

answer: @entity2175 :: (MESH:D003924,Disease) :: ['Type II Diabetes Microarray Data']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: 131I-CLR1404 is a small molecule that combines a tumor-targeting moiety with a therapeutic radioisotope. The primary aim of this phase 1 study was to determine the administered radioactivity expected to deliver 400 @entity2073 to the bone marrow. The secondary aims were to determine the pharmacokinetic (PK) and safety profiles of 131I-CLR1404. METHODS: Eight subjects with refractory or relapsed advanced solid @entity5 were treated with a single injection of 370 MBq of 131I-CLR1404. Whole body planar nuclear medicine scans were performed at 15-35 minutes, 4-6, 18-24, 48, 72, 144 hours, and 14 days post injection. Optional single photon emission computed tomography imaging was performed on two @entity1 6 days post injection. Clinical laboratory parameters were evaluated in blood and urine. Plasma PK was evaluated on 127I-CLR1404 mass measurements. To evaluate renal clearance of 131I-CLR1404, urine was collected for 14 days post injection. Absorbed dose estimates for target organs were determined using the RADAR method with OLINDA/EXM software. RESULTS: Single administrations of 370 MBq of 131I-CLR1404 were well tolerated by all subjects. No severe adverse events were reported and no adverse event was dose-limiting. Plasma 127I-CLR1404 concentrations declined in a bi-exponential manner with a mean t   value of 822 hours. Mean Cmax and AUC(0-t) values were 72.2 ng/mL and 15753 ng   hr/mL, respectively. An administered activity of approximately 740 MBq is predicted to deliver 400 @entity2073 to marrow. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary data suggest that 131I-CLR1404 is well tolerated and may have unique potential as an anti- @entity5 agent. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00925275.

title: A Phase 1 Study of 131I-CLR1404 in @entity1 with Relapsed or Refractory Advanced XXXX : Dosimetry, Biodistribution, Pharmacokinetics, and Safety.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Solid Tumors']


abstract: Synchronized neural activity is believed to be essential for many CNS functions, including neuronal development, sensory perception, and memory formation. In several brain areas @entity1246 (A) receptor-mediated synaptic inhibition is thought to be important for the generation of synchronous network activity. We have used @entity1246 (A) receptor @entity21913 subunit deficient @entity19 ( @entity21913 -/-) to study the role of GABAergic inhibition in the generation of network oscillations in the olfactory bulb (OB) and to reveal the role of such oscillations in olfaction. The expression of functional @entity1246 (A) receptors was drastically reduced (>93%) in @entity21913 -/- granule cells, the local inhibitory interneurons of the OB. This was revealed by a large reduction of @entity6341 -evoked whole-cell current and the total current mediated by spontaneous, miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs). In @entity21913 -/- mitral/tufted cells (principal cells), there was a two-fold increase in mIPSC amplitudes without any significant change in their kinetics or frequency. In parallel with the altered inhibition, there was a significant increase in the amplitude of theta (80% increase) and gamma (178% increase) frequency oscillations in @entity21913 -/- OBs recorded in vivo from freely moving @entity19 . In odor discrimination tests, we found @entity21913 -/- @entity19 to be initially the same as, but better with experience than @entity21913 +/+ @entity19 in distinguishing closely related monomolecular @entity4313 . However, @entity21913 -/- @entity19 were initially better and then worse with practice than control @entity19 in distinguishing closely related mixtures of @entity4313 . Our results indicate that the disruption of @entity1246 (A) receptor-mediated synaptic inhibition of GABAergic interneurons and the augmentation of IPSCs in principal cells result in @entity101 in the OB with complex effects on olfactory discrimination, which can be explained by an increase in the size or effective power of oscillating neural cell assemblies among the mitral cells of @entity21913 -/- @entity19 .

title: Disruption of XXXX (A) receptors on GABAergic interneurons leads to increased oscillatory power in the olfactory bulb network.

entities_list: @entity6341 :: ('MESH:D009118', 'Chemical') :: ['muscimol']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increased network oscillations']

entities_list: @entity4313 :: ('MESH:D000438', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohols']

answer: @entity1246 :: (MESH:D005680,Chemical) :: ['GABA']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In this study we built a time series model in the time domain based on the cases of @entity7135 declared every four weeks in Spain between 1972 and 1998 With the model we analyzed the incidence of the disease and examined whether an epidemic really took place at the beginning of 1997, or whether the values were in the range of expectations. At this time there was widespread social alarm in Spain, because there was considered to be an outbreak of @entity693 . We also examined whether the incidence of the disease diminished during 1997 following the measures introduced by the Comisi  n Interterritorial del Sistema Nacional de Salud. METHOD: The data on the incidence of the @entity7135 in Spain were obtained from the Bolet  n Epidemiol  gico Semanal, published by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, declared from 1972 to 1998 and grouped every four weeks. The method corresponds to the time series model in the domain of time: the Box-Jenkins method. RESULTS: In order to explain the behaviour of the disease during the years of the study we chose a model ARIMA(0,1,1) (0,1,1)13 that shows @entity7383 , with higher incidence in the winter and the beginning of spring, and lower incidence in summer. An intervention analysis showed that in March 1996 there was a level shift in the incidence of the illness. This lasted until September 1997, at which time the incidence returned to pre-1996. CONCLUSIONS: The measures of sanitary monitoring against the @entity693 in the months of greater incidence, winter and beginning of spring must be intensified. Between spring 1996 and autumn 1997 the incidence of @entity693 increased. Thereafter, until the end of 1998, there was a significant decrease in incidence, attributable to the performance of the health authorities.

title: [ XXXX in Spain: seasonal nature and recent changes].

entities_list: @entity7383 :: ('MESH:D016574', 'Disease') :: ['annual seasonal behaviour']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity7135 :: ('MESH:D008589', 'Disease') :: ['meningococcal disease']

answer: @entity7135 :: (MESH:D008589,Disease) :: ['Meningococcal disease']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Clinical study of percutaneous endoscopic surgery for cervical @entity890 (CHIVD). OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of anterior percutaneous @entity3799 (APECD), previously known as percutaneous @entity3799 , for CHIVD. In addition, the ways to avoid major complications, including case selection and surgical techniques, are highlighted. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: CHIVD is a common disease and can cause @entity614 , namely, radiating @entity158 , @entity1183 or @entity425 , or @entity602 . If conservative treatment failed, most @entity1 were treated by anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. METHODS: From October 2002 to July 2008, a total of 107 consecutive @entity1 with clinically symptomatic CHIVD who underwent APECD were enrolled. The clinical outcomes were evaluated using the visual analog scale, Neck Disability Index, and modified MacNab criteria. Radiographic follow-up included static and dynamic plain cervical radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: Eighty-six @entity1 (80%) could be followed up for at least 12 months (range: 12 to 60 mo; mean, 22.4 mo) for outcome evaluation. The visual analog scale and Neck Disability Index improved significantly (P<0.001) after the operation. According to the modified MacNab criteria, excellent and good outcome were achieved in 29 (34%) and 49 (57%) @entity1 , respectively. Two @entity1 (2 of 107, 2%) experienced operation-related complications: 1 @entity1 sustained @entity1914 and was treated with angiographic stenting, whereas the other @entity1 had @entity86 and recovered after conservative treatment. CONCLUSIONS: APECD is not only minimally invasive but can also avoid the morbidities of conventional open cervical discectomy. @entity1 have a more rapid postoperative recuperation. Nevertheless, it carries the risk of major complications. With careful @entity1 selection and use of meticulous surgical techniques, it is still a safe and effective alternative to open surgical modalities for CHIVD.

title: Anterior percutaneous @entity3799 for cervical XXXX : outcome, complications, and technique.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness of the upper extremity']

entities_list: @entity3799 :: ('MESH:D002575', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic cervical discectomy']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative headache']

entities_list: @entity614 :: ('MESH:D011843', 'Disease') :: ['cervical radiculopathy']

entities_list: @entity1914 :: ('MESH:D020212', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery injury']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['intervertebral disc herniation']

answer: @entity890 :: (MESH:D007405,Disease) :: ['intervertebral disc herniation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Several studies have shown increased atherogenic risk factors and biomarkers of @entity32 and @entity731 in association with growth hormone excess. Mean platelet volume ( @entity6688 ) and red blood cell distribution (RDW) are currently gaining interest as new independent cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of disease control on @entity6688 and RDW in @entity2012 @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 36 @entity2012 @entity1 (23 males, 13 females; mean age 41.94    11.55). @entity1 were divided into two groups: disease controlled by surgical treatment alone (group A) or by @entity1943 analog (SSA) therapy (group B). @entity6688 and RDW measurements were evaluated during active and inactive disease periods in the two groups. RESULTS: There were statistically significant increases in @entity6688 and RDW in @entity1 receiving SSA therapy (P = 0.012 and P = 0.020, respectively). The differences in @entity6688 and RDW changes in @entity1 receiving surgical treatment alone were not statistically significant (P=0.364 and P=0.339, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report on the evaluated the effect of disease control on @entity6688 and RDW in @entity2012 @entity1 . Our study results showed that @entity6688 and RDW measurements are significantly increased in @entity2012 @entity1 with disease controlled by SSA therapy. Therefore, acromegalic @entity1 treated with SSAs may have increased cardiovascular risk based on an increase in @entity6688 and RDW.

title: The effect of disease control on mean platelet volume and red blood cell distribution in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

answer: @entity2012 :: (MESH:D000172,Disease) :: ['acromegaly']


abstract: BACKGROUND: International recommendations suggest considering home treatment or early hospital discharge in low risk mortality @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ). Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) may offer several advantages in the management of acute @entity1151 . The aim of the present study was to focus on trends in length of hospital stay (LOS) over the years and on the burden of DOACs on this endpoint in @entity1 suffering from acute @entity1151 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data of @entity1 discharged from five hospitals of the Florence district, Italy, searching for International Classification of Disease 9th revision Clinical Modification (ICD-9CM) codes 415.11 or 415.19 in hospital discharge schedule in the years 2010, 2012 and from 2014 January, 1st to 2015 August 31st. @entity1 who died during hospital stay were excluded from analysis on LOS. In the survivors from one of the five hospitals, we also focused on anticoagulants prescribed at hospital discharge according to early mortality risk assessment by using the new 2014 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) prognostic model. RESULTS: Over the years, @entity1 discharged for @entity1151 have reduced in number. Despite a trend in reduction, mean and median LOS have not significantly decreased over the years. A very small percentage (3%) of @entity1 received an ultra-early discharge from hospitals within 48 hours from admission, whereas the percentage of @entity1 who were discharged within 6 days increased from 26.6% to 31.5%. In 2014 and 2015, 36.7% of @entity1 with diagnosis of acute @entity1151 were discharged on low molecular weight heparins or fondaparinux, 32.5% of @entity1 were discharged on @entity2067 antagonists and 30.4% of @entity1 on DOACs. DOACs prescription increased from 23.2% in 2014 to 40.1% in 2015. Mean and median LOS in @entity1 on DOACs were significantly lower than in @entity1 on other anticoagulant treatments. DOACs were prescribed in 40% of high risk, 68.1% of intermediate-high risk, 40.4% of intermediate-low risk and finally in 83.3% of low risk @entity1 ; 28% of @entity1 received DOACs within 48-hours from diagnosis and 64% received DOACs within 96 hours from diagnosis. Median timing for starting DOACs from diagnosis was 4 days (IQR 2-5). In @entity1 receiving DOACs, median LOS was 6 days (IQR 5-7) in low risk @entity1 compared with 8 days (IQR 7-9) in non low (intermediate/high) risk @entity1 . Median LOS after DOACs prescription was 5 days (IQR 1-6). CONCLUSION: In Florence district, early discharges and LOS in @entity1 with acute @entity1151 have not significantly changed over the years. Due to a significant LOS reduction in @entity1 , prescribing DOACs hospital costs could be dramatically saved. Further prospective investigations are absolutely warranted to clarify these points.

title: Trends in length of hospital stay in XXXX over the years. What is changing in the era of direct oral anticoagulants?

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'acute pulmonary embolism']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['acute pulmonary embolism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, only trastuzumab, ramucirumab, and @entity17170 effectively treat @entity356 . Thus, additional novel targets are required for this disease. METHODS: We investigated the immunohistochemical and fluorescence in situ hybridization expression of MET, @entity31082 , and @entity7041 in four gastric cell lines and a cohort of 98 @entity356 @entity1 . @entity9816 response was studied in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: @entity9816 potently inhibited in vitro cell growth in only one cell line, which also showed MET amplification. A positive correlation between @entity9816 sensitivity and MET overexpression was observed (P  =  0.045) in the histoculture drug response assay. Meanwhile, @entity1 -derived @entity5 xenograft @entity19 models transplanted with tissues with higher MET protein expression displayed a highly selective sensitivity to @entity9816 . In the 98 @entity1 , MET overexpression was found in 42 (42.9  %) and MET was amplified in 4 (4.1  %). @entity31082 and @entity7041 overexpression were found in 25 (25.5  %) and 0 @entity1 , respectively. However, none of the @entity1 screened harbored @entity7041 or @entity31082 rearrangements. No significant association was found between overall survival and MET or @entity31082 status. We also observed a stage IV @entity356 @entity1 with MET amplification who experienced @entity5 shrinkage and clinical benefit after 3  weeks of @entity9816 as fourth-line treatment. CONCLUSIONS: @entity9816 may induce clinically relevant anticancer effects in MET-overexpressed or MET-amplified @entity356 @entity1 .

title: MET overexpression and amplification define a distinct molecular subgroup for targeted therapies in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity9816 :: ('MESH:C551994', 'Chemical') :: ['crizotinib', 'Crizotinib']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We previously demonstrated the efficacy of single-dose 6-monthly rituximab infusions in 25 adults with @entity479 -dependent minimal-change @entity1985 . Herein, we assessed the safety of rituximab treatment and its effect in ameliorating the adverse effects of @entity617 ( @entity16723 ) in a larger study sample. METHODS: We treated 54 adult @entity1 with four single-dose 6-monthly infusions of rituximab (375 mg/m(2) BSA per dose). We compared the adverse effects of @entity16723 ( @entity170 , @entity101 , and @entity6 ) between the first rituximab infusion (baseline) and the end of the 24-month observation period. In addition, we examined the adverse effects of rituximab during the same period. RESULTS: The @entity16723 dose was significantly lower at 24 months than at the baseline. The bone density was significantly higher at 24 months as compared to the baseline value (Z score -1.8 vs. -1.1; p < 0.05). Blood pressure at 24 months was significantly lower than that at the baseline (120.9/74.4 vs. 111.8/70.3 mm Hg; p < 0.05). Eight @entity1 with @entity6 showed improved glycemic control at 24 months as compared to that at the baseline. There were no severe adverse effects of rituximab. However, mild infusion reactions occurred in 31 @entity1 (57%). The frequency of the infusion reactions decreased significantly with every successive infusion. CONCLUSION: Rituximab treatment was effective and safe in @entity1 with @entity479 -dependent @entity1985 , allowed reduction of the @entity16723 dose, and ameliorated the adverse effects of @entity16723 . It may be preferentially used in @entity1 at a risk of the adverse effect of @entity16723 .

title: Amelioration of the adverse effects of XXXX by rituximab treatment in adults with @entity479 -dependent minimal-change @entity1985 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity617 :: (MESH:D011239,Chemical) :: ['prednisolone']


abstract: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising cell membrane ablative modality for @entity788 . There have been recent concerns regarding local recurrence and the potential use of IRE as a debulking (partial ablation) modality. We hypothesize that incomplete ablation leads to early recurrence and a more aggressive biology. We created the first ever heterotopic @entity19 model by inoculating BALB/c @entity19 in the hindlimb with a subcutaneous injection of Panc-1 cells, an immortalized @entity1 @entity788 cell line. Tumors were allowed to grow from 0.75 to 1.5   cm and then treated with the goal of complete ablation or partial ablation using standard IRE settings. Animals were recovered and survived for 2 days (n = 6), 7 (n = 6), 14 (n = 6), 21 (n = 6), 30 (n = 8), and 60 (n = 8) days. All 40 animals/ @entity5 underwent successful IRE under general anesthesia with @entity4589 . The mean @entity5 volume of the animals undergoing ablation was 1,447.6   mm(3)    884). Histologically, in the 14-, 21-, 30-, and 60-day survival groups the entire @entity5 was nonviable, with a persistent @entity5 nodule completely replaced @entity82 . In the group treated with partial ablation, incomplete electroporation/recurrences (N = 10 animals) were seen, of which 66% had confluent @entity5 and this was a significant predictor of recurrence (P < 0.001). Recurrent @entity5 were also significantly larger (mean 4,578   mm(3)    SD 877 versus completed electroporated @entity5 925.8        277, P < 0.001). Recurrent @entity5 had a steeper growth curve (slope = 0.73) compared with @entity5 (0.60, P = 0.02). Recurrent @entity5 also had a significantly higher percentage of @entity5960 expression, suggestive of stem cell activation. Tumors that recur after incomplete electroporation demonstrate a biologically aggressive @entity5 that could be more resistant to standard of care chemotherapy. Clinical correlation of this data is limited, but should be considered when IRE of @entity788 is being considered.

title: Efficacy of irreversible electroporation in XXXX @entity788 : advanced @entity19 model.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity4589 :: ('MESH:D012133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle paralysis']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['nude mice', 'murine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'tumors']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Gene alterations are a well-established mechanism leading to drug resistance in @entity3052 cells. A full understanding of the mechanisms of drug resistance in these cells will facilitate more effective chemotherapy. In this study, we investigated the mechanism(s) of drug resistance in the @entity1 @entity3052 cell line MOLT-3 and its @entity8779 -resistant derivative MOLT-3/IDR through complete mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analyses. We identified genetic differences between these two cell lines. The ND3 mutation site ( @entity52211 ) in the mitochondrial DNA sequence was unique to MOLT-3/IDR cells. Moreover, we identified five candidate genes harboring genetic alterations, including @entity36548 , via CGH array analysis. Sequencing of the @entity36548 exon revealed a @entity68995 mutation present within the stop codon in MOLT-3/IDR cells but absent from MOLT-3 cells. This mutation led to an additional 18 @entity3534 in the protein encoded by @entity36548 . Using real-time PCR, we determined an expression value for this gene of 0.35. Protein structure predictions confirmed a structural change in @entity36548 in MOLT-3/IDR cells that corresponded to the site of the mutation. We speculate that this mutation may be related to @entity8779 resistance.

title: Analysis to Estimate Genetic Variations in the XXXX -Resistant Derivative MOLT-3.

entities_list: @entity3534 :: ('MESH:D000596', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity8779 :: ('MESH:D015255', 'Chemical') :: ['idarubicin']

entities_list: @entity52211 :: ('p|SUB|T|61|I', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['p.Thr61Ile']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute leukemia']

answer: @entity8779 :: (MESH:D015255,Chemical) :: ['Idarubicin']


abstract: Between 1994 and 2001, triceps to biceps transfers were done in 10 @entity1 and a transfer of the forearm flexors and extensors (Steindler procedure) in nine. All had suffered from a post-traumatic lesion of their brachial plexus, resulting in @entity393 . Their mean age at the time of the original accident was 27 years (range 16-50 years) and at the time of muscle transfer 35 years (range 22-56 years), with a mean observation period of 20 months (range 6-51 months). In 16 @entity1 , a neurosurgical procedure had been performed after the @entity130 , and in 22 @entity1 other reconstructive operations had been done. Transfer of the forearm flexors and extensors resulted in active @entity14228 with a mean of 94 degrees (range 70-130 degrees ). After triceps to biceps transposition a mean of 109 degrees (range 70-140 degrees ) was reached. A mean deficit of passive extension of 12 degrees (range 0-30 degrees ) remained after the Steindler procedure, and of 5 degrees (range 0-10 degrees ) after triceps to biceps transposition. Two complications occurred with the Steindler procedure. The transfer of the triceps muscle to the @entity1795 or extensors on @entity393 , therefore, resulted in adequate movement and strength. Both procedures involve operating close to the elbow joint and had minimal complications. The triceps to biceps transfer is particularly suitable for co-contraction of triceps and biceps.

title: Transposition of local muscles to restore XXXX in brachial plexus palsy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity14228 :: ('MESH:C535618', 'Disease') :: ['elbow flexion']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of elbow flexion']

entities_list: @entity1795 :: ('MESH:D052582', 'Disease') :: ['tendon of the biceps and the transfer of the forearm flexors']

answer: @entity14228 :: (MESH:C535618,Disease) :: ['elbow flexion']


abstract: PURPOSE: The spread of @entity14 ( @entity14 ) affects both staging and treatment. In this prospective study we examined the relationship between @entity787 ( @entity787 ) levels in bile, mesenteric venous blood, and peripheral venous blood, and the presence of occult hepatic @entity3 in @entity1 with @entity14 . METHODS: Sixty @entity1 who underwent elective surgery at Ankara Oncology Hospital were voluntarily assigned to one of the three groups of 20 @entity1 each. The control group consisted of @entity1 operated on for @entity253 , the second group consisted of @entity1 with @entity14 without @entity3 , and the third group consisted of @entity1 with @entity14 and isolated liver @entity3 . Bile, mesenteric venous blood, and peripheral venous blood was collected perioperatively for the measurement of @entity787 levels. RESULTS: The bile @entity787 levels were significantly higher in the @entity14 @entity1 with @entity3 than in those without @entity3 and the controls. The @entity787 levels in the mesenteric venous blood and peripheral venous blood were significantly higher in the two groups of @entity14 @entity1 than in the control group. Overt hepatic @entity3 later developed in seven @entity1 from the @entity14 without @entity3 group who had relatively high @entity787 levels, but the difference was not significant. CONCLUSION: The @entity787 levels in bile, mesenteric venous blood, and peripheral venous blood were increased in @entity1 with @entity14 and liver @entity3 . The detection of elevated @entity787 levels in bile taken at surgery did not herald metachronous hepatic @entity3 in @entity14 @entity1 without liver @entity3 .

title: @entity787 to detect hepatic XXXX of @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity787 :: ('1084', 'Gene') :: ['CEA', 'carcinoembryonic antigen']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['benign biliary disorders']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine which characteristics could better distinguish @entity1832 ( @entity1832 ) from @entity195 ( @entity195 ) at the @entity73 ( @entity73 ) stage, with particular emphasis on visual space and object perception abilities. METHODS: Fifty-three @entity1 with mild @entity73 that were eventually diagnosed with probable @entity1832 ( @entity73 ) and @entity195 ( @entity73 : n = 28) at a 3-year follow-up were retrospectively studied. At the first visit, the @entity1 underwent cognitive assessment including the Qualitative Scoring Mini Mental State Examination Pentagon Test and the Visual Object and Space Perception Battery. The @entity146 Inventory Questionnaire, Unified @entity191 Rating Scale (UPDRS) and questionnaires for @entity73 and @entity25 were also administered. RESULTS: The best clinical predictor of @entity1832 was the presence of soft extrapyramidal signs (mean UPDRS score: 4.04    5.9) detected in 72% of @entity1 , followed by @entity11755 (60%) and fluctuations (60%). Wrong performances in the pentagon's number of angles were obtained in 44% of @entity1832 and 3.7% of @entity195 @entity1 and correlated with speed of visual attention. Executive functions, @entity227 were worse in @entity1832 , while @entity73 was greater in @entity195 . @entity227 were present in both @entity73 and @entity195 . CONCLUSIONS: Poor performance in the pentagon's number of angles is specific of @entity1832 and correlates with speed of visual attention. The dorsal visual stream seems specifically more impaired in @entity73 with respect to the ventral visual stream, the latter being involved in both @entity1832 and @entity195 . These cognitive features, associated with @entity21 , should alert clinicians to a diagnostic hypothesis of @entity1832 .

title: Clinical and Cognitive Phenotype of Mild XXXX Evolving to Dementia with Lewy Bodies.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual attention and visuospatial abilities', 'Deficits in the visual-perceptual domain']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Neuropsychiatric']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['MCI-DLB: n = 25', 'MCI-DLB', 'cognitive deficits', 'MCI-AD', 'MCI', 'mild cognitive impairment', 'cognitive fluctuations', 'verbal episodic memory impairment']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's Disease"]

entities_list: @entity1832 :: ('MESH:D020961', 'Disease') :: ['dementia with Lewy bodies', 'DLB']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity11755 :: ('MESH:D020187', 'Disease') :: ['REM sleep behavior disorder']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['subtle extrapyramidal signs']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorders']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['Cognitive Impairment']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of two different recruitment maneuvers repeated multiple times on gas exchange @entity651 , hemodynamic, and lung mechanics. DESIGN: Randomized prospective comparison. SETTINGS: Animal research laboratory. SUBJECT: Nineteen fasted Hampshire @entity742 . INTERVENTIONS: In 15 27-kg @entity742 with saline lavage @entity651 , we compared the effects of two recruitment maneuvers: 40 cm @entity2507 continuous positive airway pressure for 60 secs and 40 cm @entity2507 positive end-expiratory pressure with 20 cm @entity2507 pressure control, rate 10 breaths/min, inspiratory to expiratory ratio 1:1 for 2 mins. Each recruitment maneuver was repeated four times, every 30 mins after a 30-sec ventilator disconnection. An additional group received no recruitment maneuvers. Animals were assigned randomly to the three groups and ventilated with 20 cm @entity2507 positive end-expiratory pressure, pressure control 15 cm @entity2507 , rate 20 breaths/min, inspiratory to expiratory ratio 1:1, and Fio2 1.0 between recruitment maneuver periods. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Significant and marked increases in Pao2 were observed in the pressure control recruitment maneuver group but only after the second recruitment maneuver. In both the control group and continuous positive airway pressure groups, Pao2 did not significantly increase after any recruitment maneuver compared with baseline injury. There was a significant decrease in cardiac output immediately after some continuous positive airway pressure recruitment maneuvers and a significant increase in mean pulmonary artery pressure in both continuous positive airway pressure and pressure control groups immediately after recruitment maneuvers, but these changes resolved within 10 mins. There were no marked histologic differences between groups and no volutrauma. CONCLUSION: In this model, maximal lung recruitment was obtained with 40 cm @entity2507 positive end-expiratory pressure and 20 cm @entity2507 pressure control applied repetitively every 30 mins for 2 mins without physiologic or histologic harm. Multiple recruitment maneuvers in some animals were required for maximum effect.

title: Repetitive high-pressure recruitment maneuvers required to maximally recruit lung in a XXXX model of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']


abstract: AIMS: Emerging research may soon lead to improved quit rates via genetically-tailored smoking cessation treatment. The purpose of this study was to explore individuals' beliefs and attitudes about genetic testing in this context, and how these may differ across racial groups. DESIGN: Two site qualitative study. METHODS: Eleven focus groups were conducted in 2007 with 51 Black and 55 White adult @entity1 in Montgomery, AL and Baltimore, @entity601 . MEASUREMENTS: Questions were asked about smoking as an addiction, the role of genetics in @entity1239 addiction susceptibility, and undergoing genetic testing to receive tailored smoking cessation treatment. Data were analyzed using content analysis. FINDINGS: Most @entity1 believed that smoking was an addiction yet were unwilling to endorse the notion that genetics played a role in @entity1239 addiction susceptibility. However, 91% of White @entity1 and 62% of Black @entity1 indicated that they would likely take a genetic test that would match them to their optimal smoking cessation treatment. The primary potential benefit was a vague sense that additional knowledge about oneself would be of value. Primary barriers included disinterest and skepticism about the test, unwillingness to believe that genetics played a role in @entity1239 addiction or treatment response, and concerns about psychological consequences. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of @entity1 , particularly Black @entity1 , did not believe that genetics played a significant role in @entity1239 addiction susceptibility but were willing to undergo genetic testing. @entity1 identified some benefit to tailoring smoking treatment by genotype. However, @entity1 also expressed skepticism about the test and concerns about its consequences; these issues would need to be addressed in the clinical encounter.

title: Black and White adults' perspectives on the genetics of XXXX addiction susceptibility.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

answer: @entity1239 :: (MESH:D009538,Chemical) :: ['nicotine']


abstract: Various materials such as autogenous bone, cartilage and alloplastic implants have been used to reconstruct @entity8924 . A new material is needed because of disadvantages of nonresorbable alloplastic materials and difficulties in harvesting autogenous tissues. In this study safety and value of the use of resorbable mesh plate in the treatment of @entity8924 are discussed. Between 2002 and 2004 a total of 17 maxillofacial @entity130 @entity1 complicated with @entity8924 were treated with resorbable mesh plate through subciliary or transconjunctival incisions. Pure blow-out @entity174 were determined in 6 @entity1 and 11 @entity1 had accompanying maxillofacial @entity174 . Resorbable plate was easily shaped to fit to the orbital floor by cutting with scissors. @entity1 were evaluated clinically and with computed tomography scans preoperatively and at 3-, 6- and 12-month intervals postoperatively. Twelve @entity1 had @entity9577 . Two @entity1 had @entity892 that was corrected postoperatively. In all 17 cases there was no evidence of @entity281 , @entity892 and gaze restriction postoperatively. Scleral show appeared in three @entity1 by the second postoperative week but resolved totally within 3 to 6 weeks except one @entity1 . In this @entity1 anterior displacement of mesh was evident which caused ectropion and @entity9577 and required re-operation. No any other mesh related problems were seen at 15 months mean follow-up time. The advantage of the resorbable mesh system in @entity8924 is the maintenance of orbital contents against @entity3976 forces during the initial phase of healing and then complete resorption through natural processes after its support is no longer needed. Our experience represents that resorbable mesh is a safe and effective material for reconstruction of the selected, @entity8924 .

title: Reconstruction of traumatic XXXX with resorbable mesh plate.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3976 :: ('MESH:D004677', 'Disease') :: ['herniation']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity9577 :: ('MESH:D015841', 'Disease') :: ['enophthalmos', 'preoperative enophthalmos']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity8924 :: ('MESH:D009917', 'Disease') :: ['non-extensive orbital floor fractures', 'orbital floor fractures', 'orbital floor fracture']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

answer: @entity8924 :: (MESH:D009917,Disease) :: ['orbital floor fractures']