abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study the efficacy of gamma-probe radiolocalization of the first draining (sentinel) lymph node ( @entity4298 ) in stage N0 @entity320 of the head and neck and to evaluate its potential role in the staging and treatment of this disease. DESIGN: Gamma-probe radiolocalization, a new alternative to blue-dye lymphatic mapping, uses a scintillation (gamma) probe to identify radiolabeled SLNs. In a consecutive sample clinical trial, gamma-probe radiolocalization of the @entity4298 is compared with lymphoscintigraphy and blue-dye lymphatic mapping. Follow-ups ranged from 1.7 years to 4 years, with a mean follow-up of 2.5 years. SETTING: Tertiary and private care teaching hospital. @entity1 : Between June 1993 and November 1995, 23 @entity1 with stage N0 intermediate-thickness @entity320 of the head and neck were enrolled in this volunteer sample. INTERVENTIONS: Twenty-four hours prior to surgery, a radioactive tracer was intradermally injected around the circumference of a primary @entity320 . Twelve @entity1 also had blue dye injected just prior to surgical resection. Using a handheld gamma probe, radiolabeled lymph nodes were identified and selectively removed with minimal dissection. In @entity1 with nodes with histologic evidence of @entity3 , a regional lymphadenectomy was performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The successful identification of radiolabeled SLNs, the correlation of @entity4298 radiolabeling to lymphoscintigraphy and blue-dye mapping, and the long-term development of regional @entity3 . RESULTS: Surgeons successfully resected the radiolabeled SLNs in 22 (96%) of 23 @entity1 . The success rate of blue-dye lymphatic mapping was 8 (75%) of 12 @entity1 and lymphoscintigraphy was 20 (91%) of 22 @entity1 . One hundred percent of blue-stained lymph nodes were radiolabeled. The one @entity1 in whom no @entity4298 could be identified developed regional disease at 17 months. CONCLUSIONS: Gamma-probe radiolocalization and resection of the radiolabeled @entity4298 is a simple and reliable method of staging regional lymph nodes and determining the need for elective lymphadenectomy.

title: Localization of regional lymph nodes in XXXX of the head and neck.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4090 Background: Both radicality and minimal invasiveness are essential for the treatment of @entity157 ( @entity157 ), because in 85% of all @entity1 the condition is associated with @entity1575 . @entity505 ion radiotherapy is expected to potentially have both the natures because of its excellent dose distribution and its high cytocidal effect resulting from biologically unique characteristics. METHODS: Forty-four @entity1 with histologically documented @entity157 were treated with 4-fraction @entity505 ion radiotherapy of 52.8 GyE total dose from April 2001 to February 2003. In this report, thirty-six @entity1 with 36 lesions, whose follow-up periods were longer than one year, were the subjects. Fifteen had recurrent @entity5 (locally: 9, regionally: 6). Six were at Stage I of the disease, 20 at Stage II and 10 at Stage IIIA according to the UICC criteria (Sixth Edition). @entity1 -Pugh grade was A in 28 and B in 8 @entity1 . Mean maximum @entity5 size was 4.0 (1.2-7.5) cm in diameter. Anti- @entity5 effect was evaluated by the @entity5 response based on the WHO criteria, cumulative local control rate and overall survival rate calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. NCI-Common @entity137 Criteria (CTC) modified by the @entity96 Working Group and RTOG/EORTC criteria were used for evaluation of @entity137 . RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 23 (15-31) months, no severe adverse effects and no treatment-related @entity204 have occurred. As to the @entity5 response, the ratio of the number of CR and PR to that of all the lesions was 28/36 (78%). Local control rates were 97% and 89% at 1 and 2 year, respectively. Overall survival rates were 92% and 85% at 1 and 2 year, respectively. Within 3 months after the start of therapy, Grade 3 hepatic reaction according to the modified CTC was observed in 3% out of the subjects. Within 3 to 12 months after the start of therapy, no Grade 3 or more hepatic reaction was observed. None of the subjects died of @entity1578 within 1 year after the start of therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Four-fraction @entity505 ion radiotherapy using 52.8 GyE total dose preliminarily proved to be safe and effective for @entity1 with @entity157 associated with @entity409 . No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Four-fraction XXXX ion radiotherapy for @entity157 : results of a phase II clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['Liver Cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'best tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['chronic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity505 :: ('MESH:D002244', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon', 'Carbon']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: In vitro culture of porcine bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) in varying pH microenvironments in a three-dimensional hydrogel system. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the response of BMSCs to varying pH environments (blood [pH 7.4], healthy @entity1798 ( @entity1798 ) (pH 7.1), mildly degenerated @entity1798 (pH 6.8), and severely degenerated @entity1798 (pH 6.5) in three-dimensional culture under normoxic (20%) and @entity519 (5%) conditions. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The @entity1798 is an avascular organ relying on diffusion of essential nutrients through the cartilaginous endplates (CEPs) thereby creating a challenging microenvironment. Within a degenerated @entity1798 , @entity26 and @entity413 concentrations decrease further (<5% @entity26 , <5mmol/L @entity413 ) and matrix acidity (<pH 6.8) increases resulting in especially adverse conditions. This has major implications for injectable cell-based strategies as these adverse microenvironmental conditions might severely affect the survival and regenerative potential of transplanted cells. METHODS: BMSCs were encapsulated in 1.5% alginate and ionically cross-linked in 102mmol/L @entity15130 solution to form beads (diameter=5mm), which were cultured in different microenvironmental conditions (pH 6.5, 6.8, 7.1, and 7.4; @entity26 : 5% and 20%). RESULTS: This study demonstrated decreased DNA content, increased cell death and minimal sulphated-glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen accumulation at pH 6.5 with increased proliferation, sustained cell viability and increased sGAG and collagen accumulation in pH 6.8 or higher. These findings suggest that there is a threshold at pH 6.8, below which cells cannot survive and accumulate nucleus pulposus-like matrix components (sGAG and collagen). CONCLUSION: Translation into a multimodal protocol requires the survival of stem cells and their ability to function normally amidst the harsh microenvironment. This study demonstrates the critical implication of degeneration stage and suggests stratified targeting to identify suitable candidates through measurement of the local pH thereby maximizing the efficacy for @entity1798 cellular regenerative interventions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: N/A.

title: Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Response to Intervertebral Disc-Like Matrix Acidity and XXXX Concentration: Implications for Cell-based Regenerative Therapy.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1798 :: ('MESH:C535531', 'Disease') :: ['intervertebral disc', 'IVD']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['Oxygen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: No preventive pharmacologic strategies have been proven efficacious for the prevention of postoperative effusions after cardiac surgery. @entity3812 is safe and efficacious for the prevention of @entity2396 . On this basis, we realized a substudy of the COPPS trial to assess the efficacy and safety of @entity3812 for the prevention of postoperative pericardial and @entity1143 . METHODS: The COPPS is a multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial, where 360 consecutive @entity1 (mean age 65.7    12.3 years, 66% @entity1 ), 180 in each treatment arm, were randomized on the third postoperative day to receive placebo or @entity3812 for 1 month (1.0 mg twice daily for the first day, followed by a maintenance dose of 0.5 mg twice daily in @entity1 >= 70 kg, and halved doses for @entity1 <70 kg). The incidence of postoperative effusions was evaluated in each study group. RESULTS: Despite similar baseline features, @entity3812 significantly reduced the incidence of postoperative pericardial (12.8% vs 22.8%, P = .019, relative risk reduction 43.9%, no. of @entity1 needed to treat 10) and @entity1143 (12.2% vs 25.6%, P = .002, relative risk reduction 52.3%, no. of @entity1 needed to treat 8). The rate of side effects (only gastrointestinal intolerance) and drug withdrawal was similar in the study groups with a trend toward an increased rate of both events for @entity3812 . In multivariable analysis, female gender (hazard ratio 1.76, 95% CI 1.03-3.03, P = .040) and pleura incision (hazard ratio 2.58, 95% CI 1.53-4.53, P < .001) were risk factors for postoperative effusions. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3812 is safe and efficacious for the primary prevention of postoperative effusions after cardiac surgery.

title: XXXX prevents early postoperative pericardial and @entity1143 .

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusions']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity3812 :: ('MESH:D003078', 'Chemical') :: ['colchicine', 'Colchicine']

answer: @entity3812 :: (MESH:D003078,Chemical) :: ['Colchicine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) may improve @entity2335 / @entity2336 (IC/BPS) symptoms of urinary frequency, urgency and perhaps even @entity158 , but objective measures of improvement are lacking. We evaluated the potential for urinary chemokines to serve as measures of treatment response over time to SNM. METHODS: @entity1 with IC/BPS undergoing SNM consented for this study. Three-day bladder/ @entity158 diaries were collected at baseline and validated @entity2335 Symptom Problem Index (ICSPI) scores and mid-stream urine specimens were collected at baseline and at 24   weeks after successful implant. Collected urine was screened for @entity281 by dipstick and analyzed for chemokines by luminex xMAP analysis. RESULTS: At baseline (n   =   16), urine levels of @entity2851 positively correlated with @entity158 score (r   =   0.63, P   =   0.009), urgency (r   =   0.61, P   =   0.01), ICSPI (r   =   0.43, P   =   0.09) and daily voids (r   =   0.44, P   =   0.08). ICSPI and @entity158 scores also positively correlated with sIL-1ra (r   =   0.50, P   =   0.04) and @entity2842 ( @entity2842 ) or @entity2842 positively correlated with daily voids (r   =   0.45, P   =   0.07) only. At 24   weeks, the median ICSPI index fell from 28 to 15 (n   =   7, P   =   0.008). Urine levels of sIL-1ra (633.8        188.2 vs. 149.9        41.62   pg/mL) and @entity2842 (448.3        11.6 vs. 176.9        46.16   pg/mL) and @entity5737 (20.78        4.09 vs. 11.21        4.12   pg/mL) were also significantly reduced at the follow-up relative to baseline values (P   =   0.04). Multivariable analysis of data revealed that sIL-1ra and @entity2842 together explained the majority of variance in data. Levels of @entity2851 , @entity371 , @entity687 , @entity7 ( @entity7 ), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) were also reduced at 24   weeks, but differences were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Concomitant decrease in urine levels of chemokines especially @entity2842 was associated with treatment response of SNM. These results support the role of chemokines as downstream effectors of neuromodulation response and could serve as potential non-invasive measures of treatment response. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01739946.

title: Effect of Sacral Neuromodulation on Outcome Measures and Urine Chemokines in @entity2335 / XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity2336 :: ('MESH:D018856', 'Disease') :: ['painful bladder syndrome']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2842 :: ('6347', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemotactic protein-1', 'MCP-1', 'CCL2']

entities_list: @entity2335 :: ('MESH:D003556', 'Disease') :: ['Interstitial Cystitis', 'interstitial cystitis']

answer: @entity2336 :: (MESH:D018856,Disease) :: ['Painful Bladder Syndrome']


abstract: @entity273 ( @entity274 ), an oxidant generated by inflammatory cells, is an important mediator of injury of endothelial cells (ECs). Here we show that @entity274 induces up-regulation of the expression of Fas, a death signal, in @entity1 ECs in culture. Flow cytometric analysis with a mAb against @entity1 Fas showed that incubation for 24 h with @entity274 induced a dose-dependent increase in the level of Fas in ECs. Coincubation with catalase, which rapidly degrades @entity274 , inhibited @entity274 -induced up-regulation of Fas. @entity274 also induced a dose-dependent increase in Fas mRNA level. A significant increase in Fas mRNA levels was observed from 6 h after stimulation with @entity274 . @entity8870 , a protein phosphatase inhibitor, significantly enhanced Fas mRNA and protein levels in @entity274 -treated ECs. On the other hand, @entity670 , a @entity669 kinase inhibitor, inhibited @entity274 -induced Fas mRNA expression. Furthermore, a flow cytometric method with @entity2667 staining and electron microscopic analysis showed that incubation with an agonistic Ab against Fas (anti-Fas IgM) induced apoptosis in @entity274 -treated cells. These findings suggest that @entity274 induces up-regulation of Fas in ECs and that activation of protein @entity669 kinase may be involved in the mechanism of @entity274 -induced Fas expression. Therefore, Fas-mediated apoptosis may have a pathologic role in @entity274 -induced @entity130 and thereby provide a new therapeutic target.

title: @entity273 induces up-regulation of Fas in XXXX endothelial cells.

entities_list: @entity670 :: ('MESH:D019833', 'Chemical') :: ['genistein']

entities_list: @entity2667 :: ('MESH:D011419', 'Chemical') :: ['propidium iodide']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['EC injury']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity8870 :: ('MESH:D014638', 'Chemical') :: ['Vanadate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: We describe EMG responses recorded in active @entity7871 muscles following unilateral and bilateral electrical vestibular stimulation (EVS, current pulses of 5 mA intensity, 2 ms duration, 3 Hz frequency). Averaged responses in unrectified @entity7871 EMG induced by unilateral EVS were examined in 16 healthy subjects; effects induced by bilateral (transmastoid) stimulation were studied in 10 subjects. Results showed that unilateral as well as bilateral EVS induces bilaterally a clear biphasic response (onset latency ranging from 7.2 to 8.8 ms), that is of equal amplitude and latency contra- and ipsilateral to the stimulation site. In all subjects, unilateral cathodal stimulation induced a positive-negative response termed @entity1354 /n15 according to its mean peak latency; the anodal stimulation induced a response of opposite polarity (n11/ @entity9288 ) in 11/16 subjects. Cathodal responses were significantly larger than anodal responses. Bilateral stimulation induced a @entity1354 /n15 response significantly larger than that induced by the unilateral cathodal stimulation. Recordings from single motor units showed that responses to cathodal stimulation corresponded to a brief (2-4 ms) silent period in motor unit discharge rate. The magnitude of EVS-induced @entity7871 response was linearly related to current intensity and scaled with the mean level of EMG activity. The size of the @entity1354 /n15 response was asymmetrically modulated when subjects were tilted on both sides; in contrast @entity717 did not exert any influence. Control experiments excluded a possible role of cutaneous receptors in generating the @entity7871 response. We conclude that transmastoid electrical stimulation evokes vestibulomasseteric reflexes in healthy @entity1 at latencies consistent with a di-trisynaptic pathway.

title: A short latency vestibulomasseteric reflex evoked by electrical stimulation over the mastoid in healthy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['head rotation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The epigenetic modification of vascular smooth muscle cell  (VSMC) phenotypic switching, proliferation, migration, apoptosis and extracellular matrix synthesis is known to occur in @entity731 . The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of IOX1, a Jumonji domain-containing  2A  ( @entity42723 ) inhibitor, on regulation of the cell cycle in @entity2178  ( @entity7741  II)-stimulated VSMCs and to elucidate the possible mechanisms involved. The proliferation and migration of the @entity7741  II-stimulated VSMCs in the presence or absence of IOX1 were evaluated in  vitro. Flow cytometric analysis was used to determine the effects of IOX1 on cell cycle progression. RT-qPCR and western blot analysis were carried out to measure the expression levels of cell cycle-related genes. The trimethylation of histone  H3 lysine  9  (H3K9me3) at the promoters of these genes was detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation  (ChIP) assay. We confirmed that the @entity42723 levels were increased, whereas the H3K9me3 levels were decreased in the @entity7741  II-stimulated VSMCs. The inhibition of @entity42723 by IOX1 suppressed the @entity7741  II-induced cell proliferation, migration and cell cycle progression by inhibiting @entity4910 expression and increasing @entity994 expression. The underlying mechanisms were related to the restoration of the H3K9me3 levels at the promoters of these genes. In conclusion, the findings of our study indicate that IOX1 exerts its anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects by regulating the expression of the cell cycle-related proteins, @entity4910 and @entity994 .

title: IOX1, a @entity42723 inhibitor, suppresses the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells induced by XXXX by regulating the expression of cell cycle-related proteins.

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin  II']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity2178 :: (183,Gene) :: ['angiotensin  II']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Comparative outcomes after endoscopic drainage of specific types of symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections, defined by using standardized nomenclature, have not been described. This study sought to determine outcome differences after attempted endoscopic drainage of pancreatic fluid collections classified as @entity39 , @entity9007 . METHODS: Outcomes were retrospectively analyzed for consecutive @entity1 with symptoms caused by pancreatic fluid collections referred for endoscopic transmural and/or transpapillary drainage. RESULTS: Complete endoscopic resolution was achieved in 113 of 138 @entity1 (82%). Resolution was significantly more frequent in @entity1 with @entity102 (59/64, 92%) than acute @entity9007 (23/31, 74%, p = 0.02) or @entity39 (31/43, 72%, p = 0.006). Complications were more common in @entity1 with @entity39 (16/43, 37%) than chronic (11/64, 17%, p = 0.02) or acute @entity9007 (6/31, 19%, p = NS). At a median follow-up of 2.1 years after successful endoscopic treatment (resolution), pancreatic fluid collections had recurred in 18 of 113 @entity1 (16%). Recurrences developed more commonly in @entity1 with @entity39 (9/31, 29%) than acute @entity9007 (2/23, 9%, p = 0.07) or @entity102 (7/59, 12%, p = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS: Successful resolution of pancreatic fluid collections may be achieved endoscopically by an experienced therapeutic endoscopist. Outcomes differ depending on the type of pancreatic fluid collection drained. Further studies of endoscopic drainage of pancreatic fluid collections must use defined terminology to allow meaningful comparisons.

title: Outcome differences after endoscopic drainage of @entity39 , acute XXXX , and chronic @entity9007 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity9007 :: ('MESH:D010192', 'Disease') :: ['pseudocysts', 'acute pseudocyst, and chronic pseudocyst']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pseudocysts']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'pancreatic necrosis']

answer: @entity9007 :: (MESH:D010192,Disease) :: ['pancreatic pseudocysts']


abstract: CONTEXT: In cases of damaged corneal endothelium cells (CECs) of the eye, transplantation of cultured vascular endothelial cells (VECs) may be a viable method to restore transparency. AIMS: To evaluate the viability of replacing damaged primate CECs with cultured allogeneic VECs. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: @entity2608 VECs (RMVECs) were cultured and proliferating cells were labeled with @entity1603 ( @entity1603 ) in vitro. RMs of the experimental group (n = 6) underwent manual Descemettt membrane stripping with transplantation of RMVECs labeled with @entity1603 ; those in the control group received manual Descemetnt membrane stripping without transplantation. Postoperative evaluations included the transparency and appearance of the corneal graft; distribution and ultrastructural changes of RMVECs on the inner surface of the @entity267 using scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistological identification of @entity1603 . RESULTS: At 90 days postsurgery, the corneal grafts of the monkeys in the experimental group retained better transparency than those of the controls, without @entity7499 or @entity2372 . A layer of cells with positive @entity1603 staining was found on the posterior surface of the treated corneas in the experimental group, while there was no VEC structure in corneal grafts from the monkeys of the control group. CONCLUSIONS: RMVECs can grow on the posterior surface of the @entity267 without Descemet's membrane. Cultured and transplanted RMVECs appeared similar in ultrastructure. VECs can provide a barrier to maintain corneal dehydration and transparency to some extent.

title: Transplantation of cultured @entity2608 vascular endothelial cells to allogeneic XXXX with stripping of Descemet's membrane.

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BrdU', 'bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity7499 :: ('MESH:D016510', 'Disease') :: ['corneal neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity2372 :: ('MESH:C562399', 'Disease') :: ['bullous keratopathy']

entities_list: @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['Rhesus monkey']

answer: @entity267 :: (MESH:D065306,Disease) :: ['cornea concomitant']


abstract: Among tumourous affections of the @entity1143 dominate metastatic processes while primary @entity17794 are relatively rare (only 5%). The authors present 4 case-records of less common primary benign @entity5 which were operated at the Surgical Clinic of the Faculty Hospital in Plzen during 2000. Three @entity1 and one @entity1 of different age groups were involved. In three @entity1 accidental findings were involved, in one instance in conjunction with @entity1230 , the fourth @entity1 was examined on account of @entity358 . The diagnosis was based on the skiagram and specially on the CT of the lungs, individually also other methods were used. All findings were radically eliminated--twice by thoracotomy, twice using miniinvasive procedures. Histological examination revealed twice desmoidal @entity81 , once a benign fibrous @entity5 and once a rare variant of @entity12692 . The postoperative period was free from major complications, without the need of surgical revision. Two years after surgery all @entity1 are free from detectable signs of relapse. The authors submit at the same time an integrated view on the problem of @entity5 , they discuss in particular the pitfalls of the diagnosis of these lesions, possible treatment, incl. the use of suitable endoscopic methods, and the prognosis of different types of @entity5 . A more detailed histopathological analysis of the described findings is given.

title: [Less common @entity5 of the XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural cavity']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity17794 :: ('MESH:D010997', 'Disease') :: ['pleural neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pleural tumours', 'pleural tumour', 'pleural neoplasias', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity12692 :: ('MESH:D005871', 'Disease') :: ["Castleman's disease"]

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complaints']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple injuries']

entities_list: @entity81 :: ('MESH:D005350', 'Disease') :: ['fibromatosis']

answer: @entity1143 :: (MESH:D010996,Disease) :: ['pleural cavity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the impact of two @entity1 @entity11 tissue resistance genes @entity8724 and @entity4735 ) on the @entity2903 -based treatment of @entity11 and detect the relationship of their expressions. METHODS: A total of 58 @entity11 @entity1 aged 19 - 68 years old receiving a chemotherapy of @entity2903 were followed up and classified as non-sensitive group (n = 30) and sensitive group (n = 28). Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expression rates of @entity8724 and @entity4735 ). And the correlation between the expressions of two genes was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction). RESULTS: The expression rates of @entity8724 and @entity4735 ) were 10.71% and 3.57% in the sensitive group and 63.33% and 56.67% in the non-sensitive group. It had an obvious correlation with the expressions of MEGT and @entity4735 ) through an analysis of immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR (both P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The expressions of @entity8724 and @entity4735 ) in the sensitive group are markedly lower than those in the non-sensitive group. The expression of two genes may be related to @entity5 prognosis. Maybe these two genes have an intrinsic link between their expressions. Both participate in the repair of cellular DNA damage and the formation of @entity5 drug resistance. And the prognosis has obvious relevance.

title: [Comparison of XXXX and ERCC    expression in @entity2903 for the treatment of @entity11 drug resistance and their genetic relationship].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['malignant glioma', 'glioma', 'malignant gliomas']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

answer: @entity8724 :: (4255,Gene) :: ['MGMT']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1082 ) @entity281 is the principal cause of @entity3 . There is some evidence that male circumcision (MC) may protect against @entity1083 in both @entity1 and @entity1 . The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to assess the association between @entity10552 indicators including genital warts. METHODS: A systematic search of Medline was conducted to identify all relevant studies from February 1971 to August 2010. Effect estimates were included in random effects models. RESULTS: A total of 21 studies with 8046 circumcised and 6336 uncircumcised @entity1 were included in the meta-analysis. MC was associated with a statistically significant reduced odds of genital HPV prevalence (odds ratio = 0.57, 95% confidence interval: 0.42-0.77). This association was also observed for genital high-risk HPV prevalence in 2 randomized controlled trials (odds ratio = 0.67, 95% confidence interval: 0.54-0.82). No associations were found between MC and genital HPV acquisition of new @entity281 , genital HPV clearance, or genital warts. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis shows a robust inverse association between MC and genital HPV prevalence in @entity1 . However, more studies are needed to adequately assess the effect of MC on the acquisition and clearance of @entity1083 . MC could be considered as an additional one-time preventative intervention likely to reduce the burden of @entity66 both in @entity1 and @entity1 , particularly among those countries in which HPV vaccination programs and cervical screening are not available.

title: Male circumcision and genital XXXX : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['HPV-related diseases']

entities_list: @entity1083 :: ('MESH:D030361', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infections', 'HPV infection and related disease']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['Human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity10552 :: ('MESH:D005832', 'Disease') :: ['MC and genital HPV infection']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: @entity344 are widespread among wild ungulates. Because many of these parasites infect multiple host species, inter-specific interactions among hosts potentially play an important role in parasite transmission dynamics in ungulate communities. In this study, the effects of inter-specific contact on parasitism rates in 11 sympatric African bovids was examined using habitat overlap among species as a measure of cross-species contact rates. Across individual hosts, strongyle @entity2199 abundance increased with increasing numbers of bovid species occupying a habitat. Furthermore, comparative analyses show a positive association between strongyle prevalence and level of habitat overlap across taxa. These findings suggest that among sympatric bovids, contact between species contributes significantly to the transmission of generalist @entity2199 parasites. For a more host-specific parasite group, coccidia, parasite abundance and individual probability of @entity281 declined in hosts living in bovid rich habitats. This pattern may reflect enhanced interspecific competition among parasites in these areas. Finally, similar to strongyle abundance, individual parasite @entity3794 also increased among hosts occupying habitats with higher numbers of bovid species. No association between habitat overlap and parasite @entity3794 was detected at higher taxonomic scales, however, which suggests that contact between host species may not contribute to parasite colonization of new host taxa.

title: Habitat overlap and XXXX in sympatric African bovids.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['Gastrointestinal parasite infections']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal parasitism']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the performance of a power doppler vascularity index in the preoperative diagnosis of @entity43 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Two successive series of @entity4134 (N=101 and N=82) were examined prospectively with power Doppler before surgical treatment. A vascularity index, called Power Doppler Index (PDI), based on the number of colored pixels, was estimated on selected frames (defined region of interest covering the entire @entity5 ) of the @entity5 using an in house color-quantifying program. The first study was monocentric to test the inter- and intraobserver reproducibilities and the availability of the parameter. The second was multicentric to validate the first results. The sensitivity and specificity of PDI, resistance index (RI) and subjective visual scoring were compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS: Histology identified 23 malignant and 78 benign lesions in the first study and 34 malignant and 48 @entity5 in the second. PDI was considerably higher in malignant than in benign lesions (0.34+/-0.04 vs 0.12+/-0.06 (P<0.001)). Intra-observer and interobserver variability of PDI was low (intraclass correlation coefficients estimated at 0.99 and 0.98, respectively). The PDI cut-off value for differential diagnosis was set at 0.265 (26.5% of the @entity5 is colored) in the first study and 0.107 in the second. Sensitivity and specificity were 100% (95% CI [87.8; 100.0]) and 97.4% (95% CI [91.0; 99.7]), respectively, for PDI in the first study compared to 75% (95% CI [72.9; 90.7]) and 60% (95% CI [56.3; 92.5]) in the second study. Using logistic regression, visual Doppler scoring performed best. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The Power Doppler Index obtained using our color quantifying software has discriminating power for @entity4134 but visual Doppler scoring performs best.

title: [Power Doppler Index for preoperative XXXX discrimination].

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4134 :: ('MESH:D000292', 'Disease') :: ['adnexal masses']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cement-augmented pedicle screw instrumentation (CAPSI) of the thoracolumbar spine is indicated in @entity170 or @entity2331 to improve pullout strength and biomechanical stability of pedicle screws (PS). Only a few studies report on the incidence of @entity1151 or other complications associated with CAPSI. PURPOSE: The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the rate of CAPSI-associated complications. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. @entity1 SAMPLE: @entity1 who underwent CAPSI due to @entity5 or @entity179 . OUTCOME MEASURES: Cement leakage, @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ), mortality rate. METHODS: Our clinical database was reviewed for @entity1 who underwent CAPSI between January 2012 and June 2015. A total of 165 @entity1 (mean age 71  11.2; range: 46 to 93 years; m=62, f=103) were included. Indications were @entity3604 (n=40), spinal metastases (n=57), @entity179 (n=5), and traumatic @entity174 (n=14) with an associated @entity170 . Every @entity1 received between 2 and 21 (mean 8  3.3) cement-augmented pedicle screws in the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral spine. Both intraoperative cement leakage in prevertebral veins, the inferior vena cava, and/or pulmonary arteries, and leakage detected on postoperative imaging were evaluated. We assessed the incidence of clinically symptomatic and asymptomatic events. RESULTS: In 29 of 31 @entity1 with intraoperative suspicion of cement leakage into prevertebral veins or the inferior vena cava on lateral fluoroscopy, which were without hemodynamic relevance, cement extrusion was confirmed on postoperative X- @entity16039 or computed tomography (CT) scan. In three of eight @entity1 with suspicion of @entity1151 , @entity1151 was verified on thoracic CT. Four @entity1 experienced life-threatening intraoperative hemodynamic reactions, either due to cement @entity887 (n=2; 1.2%) or anaphylactic shock (n=2; 1.2%) with need for intraoperative cardiopulmonary resuscitation in three cases. Two @entity1 died due to fulminant @entity1151 . Three @entity1 with @entity1353 1 day after surgery were also confirmed with @entity1151 on chest CT. In five @entity1 , an asymptomatic @entity1151 was found incidentally on postoperative imaging. In addition, 68 @entity1 with cement leakage into prevertebral veins or the ascending cava vein were found incidentally on postoperative spine X- @entity16039 or CT. Two of 10 @entity1 with intraspinal epidural cement leakage required revision surgery. One hundred ten of 165 @entity1 (66.7%) had clinically asymptomatic cement leakage. Thirteen @entity1 had @entity1151 (7.9%), of whom five (3.0%) were symptomatic. Two @entity1 experienced intraoperative cement-induced @entity2021 (1.2%). The overall symptomatic complication rate was 5.5% (n=9). The 30-day mortality rate was 1.8% (n=3). CONCLUSIONS: CAPSI bears a high risk of asymptomatic cement leakage. The risk for associated severe complications was also relatively high and probably underestimated considering the retrospective nature of the present study. A strict indication for cement augmentation, especially in @entity1 with cardiac predisposition, should be the consequence. We doubt that technical aspects of cement application and/or different types of cement are capable of reducing the risk of these complications substantially.

title: Risk of cement leakage and XXXX by bone cement-augmented pedicle screw fixation of the thoracolumbar spine.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral fractures']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['spinal tumors']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PCE', 'pulmonary cement embolism']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative (n=49) or infectious spine disease', 'degenerative spine disease']

entities_list: @entity2021 :: ('MESH:D000707', 'Disease') :: ['anaphylaxis']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['pulmonary embolism']


abstract: Perhydrit and @entity4388 were administered to 99 @entity1 during the second stage of labor. Gas analysis was done twice at the beginning and the end of the second stage. The results showed that 33 @entity1 received both perhydrit and @entity4388 (Group I) had significantly higher pH, BE, @entity4095 , and O2sat at the end of the second stage than those of 30 controls (Group III) (P < 0.05 and < 0.01). And 33 @entity1 received only @entity4388 (Group II) showed merely higher pH and BE than those of Group III. The difference was significant(P < 0.05 and < 0.01), while @entity4095 and O2sat had no statistical difference between Group II and Group III. By comparing the values, we found that pH, @entity4095 and O2sat were much higher at the end of the second stage in Group I and Group II than those at the beginning of the second stage(P < 0.05 and < 0.01). No statistical difference of BE had been found between both groups. In contrary, BE, pH, @entity4095 and O2sat declined at the end of the second stage in Group III (P < 0.02 and < 0.01). There were no significant differences of PCO2 among the three groups. It is suggested that the administration of perhydrit and @entity4388 may effectively improve the tendency of maternal @entity520 and tissue @entity26 debt caused by consumption and uterine contractions during the second stage, subsequently improve maternal gases and acid-base status.

title: [Perhydrit and XXXX improve maternal gases and acid-base status during the second stage of labor].

entities_list: @entity4388 :: ('MESH:D017693', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic acidosis']

answer: @entity4388 :: (MESH:D017693,Chemical) :: ['sodium bicarbonate']


abstract: @entity191 ( @entity1726 ) is characterized by loss of melanin-positive dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. @entity320 (MM), a melanocyte-derived @entity5 , occurs with higher than expected frequency among @entity1726 @entity1 . Red-haired individuals exhibit a threefold risk for developing MM than dark-haired @entity1 ; @entity1726 risk also increases with lighter hair color. One plausible explanation for the associations between MM, hair color, and @entity1726 is the @entity22025 ( @entity22025 ) gene that plays a key role in hair and skin pigmentation as well as in MM predisposition. We hypothesized that specific @entity22025 variants may predispose to both MM and @entity1726 . Genotyping of the @entity22025 gene was performed for 16 @entity1726 @entity1 with MM ( @entity1726 + MM+) and for three sets of age, sex, and ethnically matched controls, including 36 @entity1 with @entity1726 ( @entity1726 + MM-), 37 with MM ( @entity1726 - MM+) and 37 with neither diagnosis ( @entity1726 - MM-). No association was found between @entity22025 variants and the co-occurrence of @entity1726 and MM. The risk for MM was higher in carriers of two @entity22025 variants versus with no @entity22025 variant (odds ratio (OR)   =   5.0, 95  % confidence interval (CI) 1.7-14.4, p   =   0.003). The risk for @entity1726 in carriers of two @entity22025 variants was markedly lower (OR   =   0.213, 95  % CI 0.063-0.725) compared with individuals with no @entity22025 variant (p   =   0.013). In this study, @entity22025 variants were not associated with both MM and @entity1726 . Further studies in larger cohorts are necessary to confirm these preliminary results.

title: The XXXX ( @entity22025 ) Variants Do Not Account for the Co-occurrence of @entity191 and @entity320 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity22025 :: ('4157', 'Gene') :: ['MC1R', 'melanocortin-1 receptor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['Malignant melanoma']

answer: @entity22025 :: (4157,Gene) :: ['Melanocortin 1 Receptor']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To explore whether the progression of @entity1355 correlates with the risk of @entity2 among @entity1 with @entity1355 . DESIGN: A group of 85 @entity1355 @entity1 (78 @entity1 and 7 @entity1 ) were radiographically followed up between 1979 and 1987. Two or three posteroanterior radiographs taken from each @entity1 in 1978 to 1979, 1983 to 1984, and 1986 to 1987 were classified according to the International Labour Office 1980 classification and were used to divide the @entity1 into progressors and nonprogressors. Follow-up for @entity5 was done automatically through the files of the Finnish Cancer Registry from the time of determination of the progression status to December 31, 1994. Predictors of @entity2 risk were studied with a logistic regression model, and the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was calculated for @entity2 . RESULTS: Of the 24 male @entity1 with progressive small opacity profusion, 11 (46%) developed @entity2 , as opposed to 5 (9%) of the 54 male @entity1 without progression. The SIR for @entity2 was 37 (95% confidence interval, 18 to 66) for the progressors and 4.3 (1.4 to 9.9) for the nonprogressors. In both groups, all the @entity2 cases occurred among smokers or ex-smokers. None of the seven female @entity1 showed progressive small opacity profusion. One of them developed @entity2 . In the logistic regression model including all 85 @entity1355 @entity1 , radiographic progression of small opacity profusion (p=0.0009) and current smoking (0.0021) were significant predictors of @entity2 morbidity. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1355 @entity1 with radiographic progression of small opacity profusion over a few years are at a higher risk of @entity2 than those with a @entity146 . The progression of @entity3794 may be an independent risk factor that, in addition to smoking history and the intensity of asbestos exposure, could be used to estimate @entity2 risk.

title: Progression of @entity1355 predicts XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['less aggressive course of the disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3794 :: ('MESH:D011658', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1355 :: ('MESH:D001195', 'Disease') :: ['asbestosis', 'Asbestosis']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: 1. Because individuals differ in the phase angle at which their circadian rhythms are entrained to external time cues, averaging group data relative to clock time sometimes obscures abrupt changes that are characteristic of waveforms of the rhythms in individuals. Such changes may have important implications for the temporal organization of @entity1 circadian physiology. 2. To control for variance in phase angle of entrainment, we used dual internal reference points--onset and offset of the nocturnal period of @entity2493 secretion--to calculate average profiles of circadian rhythm data from five previously published studies. 3. Onset and/or offset of @entity2493 secretion were found to coincide with switch-like transitions between distinct diurnal and nocturnal periods of circadian rhythms in core body temperature, sleepiness, power in the theta band of the wake EEG, sleep propensity and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep propensity. 4. Transitions between diurnal and nocturnal periods of sleep-wake and @entity701 circadian rhythms were found to lag the other transitions by 1-3 h. 5. When the duration of the daily light period was manipulated experimentally, @entity2493 -onset-related transitions in circadian rhythms appeared to be entrained to the light-to-dark transition, while @entity2493 -offset-related transitions appeared to be entrained to the dark-to-light transition. 6. These results suggest a model of the @entity1 circadian timing system in which two states, one diurnal and one nocturnal, alternate with one another, and in which transitions between the states are switch-like and are separately entrained to dawn and dusk. 7. This description of the @entity1 circadian system is similar to the Pittendrigh-Daan model of the rodent circadian system, and it suggests that core features of the system in other mammals are conserved in @entity1 .

title: Evidence for a biological dawn and dusk in the XXXX circadian timing system.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4035 of childhood is a rare disease with an estimated prevalence of approximately 1/1,000,000. The disease manifests around the age of three to eight years and progresses with symptoms of early fatigue, @entity425 , @entity4 and @entity2693 . The resulting functional limitations are often described as having a waddling gait. Walking is difficult and can be managed with multilevel compensation movements only. Aims of this study were to determine typical malpositions that arise during walking and to identify preventive strategies to reduce @entity16 . METHODS: This study presents data of three-dimensional gait analysis of nine @entity1 with @entity4035 of childhood (   =2;    =7; 13.3y; 47.0kg; 1.39m; BMI: 24.2kg/m(2)) performed with eight infrared cameras and the Plug-in-Gait Model. For comparison of spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters with age-matched healthy controls (   =6;    =3; 13.4y; 49.0kg; 1.61m; BMI: 18.9kg/m(2)), the Mann-Whitney U-test was applied with a significance level of P<0.05. FINDINGS: The @entity1 had a significantly lower height, but higher BMI. Walking speed was reduced with wide, but short steps and significant @entity154 in the pelvis, hips, knees and ankles. Small ranges of motion in propulsion-supporting movements were typical, especially in the sagittal plane. The gait analysis revealed dominant compensatory movements in @entity530 and rotation. INTERPRETATION: The deficits can be attributed to pronounced @entity425 plus @entity73 and @entity158 . Therapeutic preventive strategies therefore should consider continuous muscle power exercises, stretching programmes and restrictive weight control.

title: Biomechanics of walking in adolescents with XXXX of childhood leads to physical activity recommendations as therapeutic focus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4035 :: ('MESH:C535387', 'Disease') :: ['progressive pseudorheumatoid arthropathy', 'Progressive pseudorheumatoid arthropathy']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['motion anomalies']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['joint swelling']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['excessive joint damage']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['functional joint impairment']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic obliquity']

entities_list: @entity2693 :: ('MESH:C566112', 'Disease') :: ['stiffness']

answer: @entity4035 :: (MESH:C535387,Disease) :: ['progressive pseudorheumatoid arthropathy']


abstract: Central actions of @entity172 (E2) include, among others, modulation of autonomic and cardiovascular function. Despite the well-known influence of sex @entity134 hormones on the incidence of @entity65 , little is known about the neural substrates and receptors mediating central E2 actions on autonomic function. The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) is an important site for the integration of neuroendocrine and autonomic function. Interestingly, while this region was originally found to lack the classical @entity1782 receptor, recent studies demonstrated a high degree of expression of the @entity1783 subtype. To determine specifically whether autonomic-related neurons in the PVN express @entity1783 , thus constituting a neuronal substrate for central E2 actions on autonomic function, we carried out an immunohistochemical study of @entity1783 expression in a subpopulation of PVN neurons that innervate the rostroventrolateral medulla (RVLM). @entity1783 immunostained neurons were found in medial and caudal aspects of the PVN, overlapping with the distribution of RVLM-projecting neurons. Overall, approximately 50% of RVLM-projecting PVN neurons expressed @entity1783 immunoreactivity. Interestingly, the degree of colocalization was found to be sex-dependent (higher expression in males), and varied according to the topographical distribution of neurons within the PVN. @entity1783 immunoreactivity was also observed in magnocellular compartments of the PVN, although this appeared to be consistently weaker than that observed in autonomic-related subnuclei. These studies demonstrate for the first time @entity1783 expression in identified autonomic-related neurons in the PVN, and suggest that these neurons constitute an important neuronal substrate mediating E2 actions on autonomic and cardiovascular control.

title: Preautonomic neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus contain XXXX receptor beta.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disorders']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1726 is associated with a variety of @entity25 . The @entity935 agonists (DA) @entity399 and @entity25049 were recently implicated in causing " @entity25 " and motor vehicle accidents. METHODS: In order to determine the overall rate of subjective @entity25 in @entity1726 and to determine if any factors, including specific medications, correlate with sleep pathology, the authors surveyed consecutive @entity1 with @entity1726 seen over a 3-month period in a @entity717 Clinic. The authors collected demographic and medication data, and the @entity1 completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), questions assessing the presence of @entity4531 ( @entity4531 ), a modified National Sleep Foundation sleep survey, and specific questions regarding falling asleep while driving. RESULTS: A total of 320 @entity1 completed the questionnaire. The authors eliminated 17, six for incomplete data and 11 for having a primary diagnosis other than @entity1726 . The mean age of the remaining 303 @entity1 was 67.1 +/- 10.7 years, and the mean duration of @entity1726 was 9.1 +/- 5.7 years. The ESS scores averaged 11.1 +/- 5.9, and in 50.2% of @entity1 the score was abnormally high (>10). Stepwise regression analysis found that sleepiness correlated with longer duration of @entity1726 (p < 0.001), more advanced @entity1726 (p < 0.004), male sex (p < 0.001), and the use of any DA (p < 0.003). The soporific effects of the three most common DA ( @entity399 , @entity25049 , and @entity4088 ) were similar. Falling asleep while driving was reported by 63/279 (22.6%) of current drivers and correlated with higher ESS scores (p < 0.05). Other @entity25 , including @entity4531 , were also frequently reported. CONCLUSION: @entity25 is common in @entity1726 and correlates with more advanced and longer duration of @entity1726 , and male sex. The DA were also independently associated with @entity25 , but in this group, no single DA was more culpable than the others.

title: @entity25 and other XXXX in Parkinson's disease.

entities_list: @entity25049 :: ('MESH:C046649', 'Chemical') :: ['ropinirole']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity4088 :: ('MESH:D010479', 'Chemical') :: ['pergolide']

entities_list: @entity4531 :: ('MESH:D012148', 'Disease') :: ['restless legs syndrome', 'RLS']

entities_list: @entity399 :: ('MESH:C061333', 'Chemical') :: ['pramipexole']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Movement Disorders']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorders', 'Daytime sleepiness', 'daytime sleepiness', 'sleep problems', 'sleep attacks']

answer: @entity25 :: (MESH:D012893,Disease) :: ['sleep disorders']


abstract: We present a rare complication of pericardiectomy and the effective management thereof. A 67-year-old female with @entity1353 and @entity490 was received at our department upon referral. Chest roentgenogram and cardiac catheterization preceded a diagnosis of @entity3822 . Pericardiectomy was performed subordinate to median sternotomy and left anterolateral thoracotomy. Extubation was carried out on day 2 but reintubation was necessitated on the same day as a result of progressive @entity1353 . Chest roentgenogram revealed an atelectasis of the left lung. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy showed left main @entity850 resulting from a pulsating external structure. A postoperative computed tomogram substantiated the stenotic left main bronchus between the dilated @entity358 and the thoracic descending aorta. An expandable metallic stent for the treatment of this complication was selected over other invasive procedures. Two years of follow-up reveal no complications. Accordingly, an expandable metallic stent has demonstrated its effectiveness not only on @entity850 due to @entity5 or @entity378 but on benign cases such as this as well.

title: Successful management of left main XXXX as a rare complication of pericardiectomy.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity3822 :: ('MESH:D010494', 'Disease') :: ['constrictive pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['left pulmonary artery']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['upper abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial stenosis']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['bronchial stenosis']


abstract: Detection of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species in animals and tick vectors is crucial for an understanding of the epidemiology of diseases caused by these pathogens. In this study, a pair of primers designated EBR2 and EBR3 was designed from the Anaplasma 16S rDNA sequence and was used along with a previously described primer EHR 16SD for the simultaneous detection of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species by nested PCR. The primers were used to amplify 925bp of DNA from known species of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma. Restriction with MboII and MspI enzymes allowed Ehrlichia and Anaplasma speciation. Restriction with MboII differentiated between An. marginale, Anaplasma (formerly Ehrlichia) sp. Omatjenne, and An. centrale with An. marginale and Anaplasma (formerly Ehrlichia) sp. Omatjenne yielding 2 distinct fragments each while An. centrale produced 3 distinct bands. @entity38695 and An. phagocytophylum remained undigested. Subsequent restriction with MspI differentiated @entity38695 from An. phagocytophylum with 2 and 4 fragments, respectively. When used on tick samples from the field, 63 ticks (16.4%) out of 384 collected from @entity291 and @entity742 were positive for one or more species of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma. The positivity ranged from 6.3% at Andasa to 36.7% at Habernosa. Higher overall infection rates were found in Amblyomma lepidum than in Amblyomma variegatum ticks (p=0.009). Amblyomma lepidum from Habernosa were more often infected with all detected species of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia than Am. variegatum. At Bako, however, Anaplasma (formerly Ehrlichia) sp. Omatjenne was detected only in Am. variegatum. A significantly higher proportion of ticks collected from @entity291 (20.6%) was found positive than in those collected from @entity742 (3.3%) (p=0.003). Simultaneous detection of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species and correct identification of @entity325 was possible. Since the ticks were collected from animals, the occurrence of the major species of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma in ruminants in the area is confirmed.

title: Improved molecular detection of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species applied to Amblyomma ticks collected from XXXX and @entity742 in Ethiopia.

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['mixed infections']

entities_list: @entity38695 :: ('779', 'Species') :: ['E. ruminantium', 'Ehrlichia ruminantium']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cattle']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2903 -( @entity2904 )-based chemoradiotherapy defines the current gold standard for the treatment of newly diagnosed @entity463 . Data regarding the influence of @entity2904 dose density during chemoradiotherapy are currently not available. We retrospectively compared outcomes in @entity1 receiving no @entity2904 , @entity2904 during radiotherapy on radiotherapy days only, and @entity2904 constantly 7  days a  week. @entity1 AND METHODS: From 2002-2012, a  total of 432 @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity463 received radiotherapy in our department: 118  @entity1 had radiotherapy alone, 210 had chemoradiotherapy with @entity2904 (75   mg/m(2)) daily (7/7), and 104 with @entity2904 only on radiotherapy days (5/7). Radiotherapy was applied to a  total dose of 60   Gy. RESULTS: Median survival after radiotherapy alone was 9.1  months, compared to 12.6  months with 5/7- @entity2904 and to 15.7  months with 7/7- @entity2904 . The 1  -year survival rates were 33, 52, and 64%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a  significant improvement of @entity2904 -7/7 vs. 5/7 (p  = 0.01 by the log-rank test), while 5/7- @entity2904 was still superior to no @entity2904 at all (p  = 0.02). Multivariate Cox regression showed a  significant influence of @entity2904 regimen (p  = 0.009) on hazard rate (+58% between groups) even in the presence of confounding factors age, sex, resection status, and radiotherapy dose concept. CONCLUSION: Our results confirm the findings of the EORTC/NCIC trial. It seems that also a  reduced @entity2904 scheme can at first prolong the survival of @entity463 @entity1 , but not as much as the daily administration.

title: @entity2903 during radiotherapy of XXXX multiforme : Daily administration improves survival.

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['Temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['glioblastoma']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine whether mutations in the @entity589 gene play a role in the development of @entity43 with a @entity124 phenotype. We analyzed a total of 60 @entity5 specimens, 49 @entity43 and 11 concurrent @entity1204 from 49 @entity1 . Fourteen @entity43 and 6 @entity1204 showed a @entity124 -high phenotype. @entity5 and normal-tissue specimens from eight @entity1 with a @entity124 -high phenotype @entity14 were included in this study as controls. The presence or absence of a mutation in the poly (G) 8 tract of the @entity589 gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction followed by direct DNA sequence analysis. A 1-base pair deletion at the poly (G) 8 tract and no expression of @entity589 and @entity588 proteins were identified in one @entity124 -high @entity1204 . Immunohistochemical staining for @entity589 and @entity588 proteins was negative on the @entity5 specimen that had this 1-base pair deletion. No mutations were found in the synchronous @entity124 -high @entity43 from the same @entity1 . In contrast, four (50%) of the eight @entity124 -high sporadic @entity14 had a mutation in the poly (G) 8 tract. Although @entity589 plays an important role in carcinogenesis of the colorectum with @entity124 -high phenotype, @entity589 may not play a direct role in the genesis of @entity43 , regardless of @entity124 status.

title: Frameshift mutations in the @entity589 gene are not involved in development of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian endometrioid carcinoma', 'ovarian endometrioid carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial endometrioid carcinomas', 'endometrial endometrioid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity124 :: ('MESH:D053842', 'Disease') :: ['microsatellite instability']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma', 'colorectal carcinomas']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian endometrioid carcinoma']


abstract: This study was designed to clarify the clinical and pathologic features of diffusely infiltrative @entity957 of the esophagus. Diffusely infiltrative @entity957 were classified grossly into two types, namely, @entity5223 and @entity189 . There were seven @entity1 with the former type and three with the latter type. @entity5223 was associated with a prominently thickened esophageal wall with strictures, whereas @entity189 demonstrated thickening of the esophageal wall without strictures. Microscopically, all @entity1 had lymph node metastases and lymphatic invasion. Blood vessel invasion was found in seven @entity1 and extranodal invasion was found in seven. The prognosis of @entity1 with both types of @entity189 was extremely poor. Only two @entity1 who underwent curative surgery as well as chemoradiotherapy survived for more than 1 year. Therefore, further morphological studies on the early stages of diffusely infiltrating @entity418 should be performed. New treatment strategies such as intensive preoperative chemoradiotherapy based on sensitivity tests in individual @entity1 will be required for treating the advanced stages of this disease.

title: Diffusely infiltrative XXXX of the esophagus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nonscirrhous-type carcinoma', 'carcinoma', 'nonscirrhous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5223 :: ('MESH:D002293', 'Disease') :: ['scirrhous carcinoma', 'Scirrhous-type carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal carcinoma']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: AIM: Radial @entity2553 is common during transradial procedures and is the most common cause of procedural failure. The objectives of this study were to assess whether the routine administration of sedation at the beginning of transradial coronary angiography with the use of hydrophilic-coated and smaller sheaths/catheters would reduce the incidence of @entity2553 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 undergoing transradial coronary angiography were prospectively randomized to receive @entity1363 during the procedure or no sedative treatment. The primary endpoint was angiographically confirmed @entity2553 . Stenosis of the radial artery was measured with a computer-assisted quantification method. RESULTS: In all, 150 @entity1 were randomized into a treatment group and a control group. @entity2473 occurred in 15 @entity1 of the treatment group (20   %) versus 16 in the control group (21.3   %). There were no differences between the two groups regarding the incidence of @entity2473 and the distribution of @entity2473 severity (p   >   0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of 30-day mortality or repeat hospitalization for any cause (p   >   0.05). CONCLUSION: Routine use of @entity1363 could not reduce the occurrence of @entity2553 during transradial coronary angiography.

title: Procedural sedation during transradial coronary angiography to prevent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['radial artery spasm', 'artery spasm']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

answer: @entity2473 :: (MESH:D013035,Disease) :: ['spasm']


abstract: A bulimic @entity35 model was used to test whether type and frequency of food intake mimicking that in @entity1 @entity1279 could disrupt oestrous cyclicity, induce an effect on glycoprotein (LH) structure, or affect both processes and if so, to determine whether any such effects were acute, or persisted after return to normal eating patterns. @entity7298 was induced by offering female @entity35 a varied and palatable choice of @entity1 food items--the 'cafeteria diet'. There were four groups: control (normal chow), @entity28 (continuous cafeteria diet), @entity28 (cafeteria diet, then fasted to reduce weight to that of controls) and binge (cafeteria alternated with normal diet every few days). Animals were maintained on these diets for 60 days (phase I). They were then given a @entity1176 challenge on day 2 of dioestrus of the cycle. Twenty-four hours later, half of the animals in each group were killed for assessment of effects on their reproductive organs. The remaining animals were returned to normal diets and kept for a further 40 days, when the @entity1176 challenge was repeated and the animals were killed 24 h later (phase II). All animals on the cafeteria diet in phase I exhibited significant disruption of oestrous cyclicity irrespective of body weight. LH released in response to the first @entity1176 challenge showed a prolonged half-life, and/or increased rate of secretion in the @entity28 groups but in the binge group the secretory/clearance properties resembled those of control animals. After the second @entity1176 challenge at the end of phase II, however, the LH of the binge group appeared to have different secretory or clearance characteristics, whereas that of the previously @entity28 animals had returned to normal. These data show ovarian cyclicity was disrupted by @entity7298 and irregular eating, even at normal body weight. Relating ovarian function to pituitary output in terms of LH, the effects of the continuous cafeteria diet did not appear to persist in the animals that returned to normal diets, but in the binge group the effect, presumably of the diet manipulation, was manifested after return to a normal eating pattern. This finding suggests that irregular eating habits may exert a direct (and acute) effect on the ovary, but that effects on the pituitary (and LH glycoforms) take longer to be expressed, explaining many features of @entity1279 .

title: Diet-induced loss of cyclic ovarian function at normal body weight in a rodent model for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'post-obese', 'obese and post-obese']

entities_list: @entity7298 :: ('MESH:D006963', 'Disease') :: ['hyperphagia', 'Voluntary hyperphagia']

entities_list: @entity1279 :: ('MESH:D052018', 'Disease') :: ['bulimia nervosa']

answer: @entity1279 :: (MESH:D052018,Disease) :: ['bulimia nervosa']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cellular function, cell viability and the cytokine network of @entity1 monocytes are influenced by the specific composition of peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluids. In an in vitro study using isolated @entity1 blood monocytes, we investigated the effect of peritoneal dialysates containing @entity1522 ( @entity1472 ) or @entity413 polymer ( @entity367 -poly) instead of @entity413 ( @entity367 ) as the osmotic agent, and @entity3157 (Bic) or PBS instead of @entity880 (Lac) as a buffer. METHODS: The following parameters were studied: mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity (using the @entity98 assay), @entity650 and @entity687 release (ELISA) and cellular @entity650 mRNA expression after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation (using RT-PCR). FACS flow cytometry with annexin V and @entity2667 as markers and fluorescence microscopic methods were used to study the effects of the test fluids on cell @entity39 and apoptosis. RESULTS: @entity367 /Lac pH 5.5 and @entity367 -poly/PBS pH 7.4 both significantly reduced mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity by more than 50% after 60 minutes of incubation (30.5 +/- 7.6%, 42.5 +/- 6.5%, referred to RPMI 1640 as 100%). Amino/Bic and @entity367 /Bic were both superior (Mtt assay > 63%). The rate of @entity39 cells after 15 minutes of incubation measured by FACS was mostly increased with @entity367 /Lac pH 5.5 (29.9 +/- 4.0%). The rate of apoptotic cells, however, was not significantly different between the test solutions. The concentration of @entity650 in the supernatant of stimulated monocytes was highest with @entity367 /Bic (1023 +/- 278 pg/ml) and Amino/Bic (776 +/- 296 pg/ml) an lowest with @entity367 /lac pH 5.5 (46 +/- 22 pg/ml) and @entity367 -poly/PBS (32 +/- 13 pg/ml). @entity687 release from stimulated monocytes showed a similar pattern. @entity367 -poly/PBS showed a suppressive effect on @entity650 mRNA expression (ratio @entity650 /beta-Actin, 0.4 +/- 0.25 vs. RPMI 1.5 +/- 3.6). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3157 buffered solutions both with @entity413 or @entity1522 as osmotic agents were superior when regarding cell metabolism, viability and cytokine release, while @entity880 buffered solutions and @entity367 -poly/PBS showed some reduced biocompatibility pattern for monocytes in vitro.

title: Effect of alternative peritoneal dialysis solutions on cell viability, apoptosis/ @entity39 and cytokine expression in XXXX monocytes.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity2667 :: ('MESH:D011419', 'Chemical') :: ['propidium iodide']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic', 'necrosis']

entities_list: @entity3157 :: ('CHEBI:17544', 'Chemical') :: ['bicarbonate', 'Bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate bone formation/osseointegration following surgical treatment of experimental @entity737 at dental implants with different surface characteristics exposed to ligature induced breakdown conditions. METHODS: Ten turned (control), 10 sandblasted/acid etched (SA) and 10 SA/ @entity692 nano-coated (HA) implants were installed into the edentulated posterior mandible in five @entity235 and allowed to osseointegrate for 12 weeks. Ligature induced @entity154 were then induced over 23 weeks using stainless steel wire ligatures. The ligatures were removed and soft tissues allowed to heal for 3 weeks. Next, exposed implant surfaces were decontaminated followed by guided bone regeneration using a collagen membrane and submerged wound healing. The animals were euthanized for histometric analysis at 12 weeks postsurgery. RESULTS: The radiographic analysis showed vertical @entity604 following ligature induced breakdown without statistically significant differences among implant technologies. The histometric analysis showed significantly enhanced bone formation (height) at SA and SA/HA compared with turned implants (p = 0.028) following reconstructive surgery. Bone formation area was greater at SA/HA compared with turned implants, however the difference did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: While ligature induced defect progression does not appear implant surface dependent in this animal model, bone formation at the decontaminated implant surfaces appears more favorable at SA and SA/HA over turned implants following reconstructive surgery. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Bone reconstruction after surgical treatment of Experimental @entity737 at a Sandblasted/Acid Etched XXXX Coated Implant: An Experimental Study in the @entity235 .

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['breakdown defects']

entities_list: @entity235 :: ('9615', 'Species') :: ['Beagle dogs']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['peri-implantitis']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

answer: @entity692 :: (MESH:D017886,Chemical) :: ['Hydroxyapatite']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess whether @entity25 ( @entity25 ) at baseline is associated with improvement in @entity158 and disability at 3 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four hundred twenty-two subacute and chronic @entity1 with @entity4048 ( @entity4048 ) were recruited in 32 physiotherapy, primary care, and specialized centers. @entity4048 , referred @entity158 , disability, catastrophizing, @entity308 , and @entity25 were assessed through validated questionnaires, upon recruitment and 3 months later. Correlations between baseline scores were calculated through the Spearman coefficient. Improvements in @entity4048 , disability, and @entity25 were defined as a reduction of >= 30% of baseline score. Six estimative logistic regression models were developed to assess the association between baseline @entity25 and improvement of @entity4048 , baseline @entity25 and improvement of disability, baseline @entity4048 and improvement of @entity25 , baseline disability and improvement of @entity25 , the evolutions of @entity4048 and @entity25 , and the evolutions of disability and @entity25 . RESULTS: Most @entity1 were subacute and mildly impaired. @entity2357 models showed that better @entity25 at baseline was associated with improvement of @entity4048 (odds ratio=0.91 [95% confidence interval, 0.83-0.99]), but not disability (1.04 [0.95-1.13]); the improvement of @entity25 was associated with more severe @entity4048 at baseline (1.26 [1.07-1.49)], but not with baseline disability (0.99 [0.97-1.02]); and that improvement in @entity25 was associated with improvements in @entity4048 (3.48 [1.68-7.20]), and disability (5.02 [2.39-10.11]). DISCUSSION: @entity4048 is less likely to improve in @entity1 with poorer @entity25 , irrespective of age, sex, catastrophizing, @entity308 , or treatments prescribed for @entity4048 . Future studies should confirm these results with more severely impaired @entity1 .

title: @entity1 With XXXX are Less Likely to Improve if They Experience Poor Sleep Quality: A Prospective Study in Routine Practice.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity2357 :: ('MESH:C537770', 'Disease') :: ['Regression']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['SQ', 'sleep quality']

answer: @entity4048 :: (MESH:D019547,Disease) :: ['Neck Pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In @entity1 presenting with threatened @entity3152 , both fetal fibronectin and sonographic measurement of cervical length have been shown to distinguish between true and false labor. The aim of this study was to determine whether the combination of both tests provides a better prediction than the individual tests alone. METHODS: We examined 195 @entity1 with singleton pregnancies presenting at 24-36 (median 31) weeks of gestation with regular and painful uterine contractions, intact membranes and cervical dilatation of less than 3 cm. On admission to the hospital fetal fibronectin positivity in cervicovaginal secretions was determined and transvaginal sonographic measurement of cervical length was carried out. The results were not made available to the attending obstetrician. The primary outcome measure was delivery within 7 days of presentation. RESULTS: Delivery within 7 days occurred in 51.4% (18 of 35) of those with cervical length below 15 mm and 0.6% (1 of 160) of those with cervical length of 15 mm or more, in 21.2% (18 of 85) of the fibronectin positive group and in 0.9% (1 of 110) of the fibronectin negative group. There was a significant association between cervical length and the incidence of fibronectin positivity (r = -0.921, P = 0.003). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the only significant contributor to the prediction of delivery within 7 days was cervical length, with no significant contribution from fibronectin positivity, ethnic origin, maternal age, gestational age, body mass index, parity, previous history of preterm delivery, cigarette smoking, or use of tocolytics. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with threatened @entity3152 assessment of fetal fibronectin in cervicovaginal secretions does not improve the prediction of delivery within 7 days provided by the sonographic measurement of cervical length.

title: Sonographic measurement of cervical length and fetal fibronectin testing in threatened XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm labor']

answer: @entity3152 :: (MESH:D007752,Disease) :: ['preterm labor']


abstract: @entity1144 ( @entity1144 ), measured by waist circumference (WC), is a stronger predictor of subsequent development of @entity65 ( @entity65 ) than @entity28 , which is measured by body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to measure WC and prevalence of @entity1144 primary care physicians. 1893 @entity1 between the ages of 18 and 80 attending primary care clinics in Malaysia were recruited over two days for this multi-centre cross-sectional study. Pregnant @entity1 were excluded, their medical history, weight, height and WC were examined. The prevalence of co-morbidities were as follows: (1) @entity65 -4%, @entity4977 -17%, @entity101 -26%, @entity6 -14% and any of the clinical characteristics of @entity65 / @entity4977 / @entity101 / @entity6 -38%. The mean BMI for @entity1 and @entity1 was 25.62 +/- 4.73 kg/m2 and 26.63 +/- 5.72 kg/m2, respectively. Based on WHO criteria for BMI (overweight, 25-29.9 kg/m2; @entity28 , > 30 kg/m2), 34.2% were overweight and 20.4% were @entity28 . The mean WC for @entity1 and @entity1 was 89.03 +/- 13.45 cm and 84.26 +/- 12.78 cm, respectively. Overall, 55.6% had @entity1144 and there was higher prevalence among @entity1 (based on International @entity6 Federation criteria: WC > or = 90 cm for @entity1 and > or = 80 cm for @entity1 ). @entity1144 was present in approximately 71% @entity1 with @entity4977 , in 76% with @entity101 and in 75% with @entity6 . @entity1 with @entity1144 were also at a higher risk of developing co-morbidities. Malaysia has a high prevalence of @entity1144 and associated cardiovascular risk factors. This needs to be addressed by public health programs, which should also include routine measurement of WC.

title: Malaysia Shape of the Nation (MySoN): a primary care based study of XXXX in Malaysia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'generalised obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['AO', 'AO in Malaysians visiting', 'Abdominal obesity']

entities_list: @entity4977 :: ('MESH:D052439', 'Disease') :: ['lipid disorder']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1144 :: (MESH:D056128,Disease) :: ['abdominal obesity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recently, there is an increasing concern over the association between @entity25 and @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Clinical observations have reported that @entity1949 (SD) may serve as a risk factor for @entity195 . However, the pathological evidence for this assumption is still lacking. In the present study, we examined the potential impacts of chronic SD on @entity4207 and @entity195 -related pathologies in AbPPswe/PS1   E9 transgenic (TG) @entity19 and their wild-type (WT) littermates. Results indicated that @entity19 (both TG and WT) exposed to 2-month SD showed an altered amyloid-b protein precursor processing, an elevated level of phosphorylated tau protein, and impaired cognitive performance as compared to @entity1949 ( @entity1949 ) controls. Moreover, the SD-treated TG @entity19 exhibited more amyloid-b1-42 production and developed more senile plaques in the cortex and hippocampus than @entity1949 -treated TG @entity19 . In addition, SD caused a striking neuronal mitochondrial damage, caspase cascade activation, and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus of both TG and WT @entity19 . More importantly, all these behavioral, neuropathological, and biochemical changes induced by chronic SD were long lasting and were irreversible during a 3-month normal housing condition. Collectively, these results indicate that chronic SD impairs learning and memory, exacerbates @entity195 pathologies, and aggravates the mitochondria-mediated neuronal apoptosis in a long-lasting manner. Our findings provide important experimental evidence to prove that chronic SD is a risk factor for @entity195 .

title: Chronic Sleep Deprivation Exacerbates @entity4207 and Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathologies in AbPPswe/PS1  E9 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['chronic sleep deprivation', 'non-sleep deprivation', 'NSD']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['learning-memory']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorders']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ) @entity1 are at high risk for acute @entity1576 ( @entity10916 ). OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a proprietary extract of Panax quinquefolius, @entity19312 , in reducing @entity10916 . METHODS: This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of 293 subjects with early-stage, untreated @entity1072 conducted January-March 2009. RESULTS: @entity10916 was common, occurring on about 10% of days during the study period. There were no significant differences of the 2 a priori primary end points: @entity10916 days (8.5    17.2 for @entity19312 vs 6.8    13.3 for placebo) and severe @entity10916 days (2.9    9.5 for @entity19312 vs 2.6    9.8 for placebo). However, 51% of @entity19312 vs 56% of placebo recipients experienced at least 1 @entity10916 (difference, -5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -16% to 7%); more intense @entity10916 occurred in 32% of @entity19312 vs 39% of placebo recipients (difference, -7%; 95% CI, -18% to 4%), and symptom-specific evaluation showed reduced moderate to severe sore throat (P = .004) and a lower rate of grade >= 3 @entity137 (P = .02) in @entity19312 recipients. Greater seroconversion (4-fold increases in antibody titer) vs 9 common viral pathogens was documented in @entity19312 recipients (16% vs 7%, P = .04). LIMITATIONS: Serologic evaluation of antibody titers was not tied to a specific illness, but covered the entire study period. CONCLUSION: @entity19312 was well tolerated. It did not reduce the number of @entity10916 days or antibiotic use; however, there was a trend toward reduced rates of moderate to severe @entity10916 and significantly less sore throat, suggesting that the increased rate of seroconversion most likely reflects @entity19312 -enhanced antibody responses.

title: A randomized, controlled trial of Panax quinquefolius extract ( @entity19312 ) to reduce respiratory infection in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['CLL', 'Chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory illness']

answer: @entity1072 :: (MESH:D015451,Disease) :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukemia']


abstract: The @entity339 ( @entity339 ) in @entity48166 has been infrequently analyzed from a pathological standpoint. In this study, we have attempted to elucidate the pathology of @entity339 in this interesting syndrome in 44 autopsied cases of combined non-primum @entity118 ( @entity118 ) and @entity339 collected over 16 years. The @entity1 were divided into 3 groups: Group 1: non-primum @entity118 with clinically diagnosed @entity4794 ( @entity4794 )  regurgitation, Group 2: non-primum @entity118 with clinically diagnosed @entity339 ( @entity339 ) and, Group 3: non-primum @entity118 with no clinically evident @entity339 , but with mitral valve pathology diagnosed at autopsy. All 44 @entity1 were symptomatic. There were 26 males (59%). The ages ranged from 13 to 73 years. A history of @entity4789 was available in 2 @entity1 while 16 @entity1 had undergone surgery or intervention for the disease. Of the 18 @entity1 in Group 1, six @entity1 did not show histological features of @entity6331 , although they shared similar gross morphological features. Furthermore, the @entity339 in 12 of 19 @entity1 in Group 2 was non-rheumatic. Also, only one @entity1 had histological evidence of rheumatic activity among seven cases in Group 3. In spite of a high rheumatic load at our center, more than half (54.5%) of @entity1 had "non-rheumatic" mitral valve pathology. Thus, the mitral @entity340 commonly labeled 'rheumatic' in @entity48166 are not always so. The distinction into rheumatic and non-rheumatic @entity339 in non-primum @entity118 has to be made on the basis of microscopic criteria.

title: XXXX : Is the mitral pathology always rheumatic?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4789 :: ('MESH:D012213', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic fever']

entities_list: @entity6331 :: ('MESH:D012214', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve disease', 'mitral regurgitation', 'MVD', 'MR']

entities_list: @entity48166 :: ('MESH:D008185', 'Disease') :: ["Lutembacher's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity4794 :: ('MESH:D008946', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'mitral stenosis']

entities_list: @entity118 :: ('MESH:D006344', 'Disease') :: ['atrial septal defect', 'ASD']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular lesions']

answer: @entity48166 :: (MESH:D008185,Disease) :: ['Lutembacher's syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to describe the technique of transfemoral superselective coil embolization of @entity1070 and its influence on @entity1028 diameter. METHODS: Over 23 months, 104 aortic stent grafts were deployed to exclude @entity1028 , at an academic medical center. Increase in @entity439 diameter and perigraft findings on contrast material-enhanced computed tomography scans prompted arteriography. Procedures were performed solely by vascular surgeons in a surgical angiography suite. In 7 @entity1 @entity439 access was via the iliolumbar branches of the internal iliac artery, and in 1 @entity1 @entity439 access was via the inferior mesenteric artery through the arc of Riolan from the superior mesenteric artery. Coaxial catheters were placed to gain access to the @entity439 (8F to 5F to 3F, or 5F to 3F). A 3F Tracker18 was the most distal catheter through which an assortment of 0.018 microcoils were deployed within the @entity439 , and the origin of the feeding vessels when possible. RESULTS: @entity439 diameter increased 0.48 +/- 0.2 cm over 10.8 +/- 5 months before superselective coil embolization. In 6 of 8 @entity1 superselective coil embolization embolization resulted in a mean decrease in @entity439 diameter of 1.3 +/- 1.2 cm over 9 +/- 3.2 months. Failure was presumed due to inability to reach the @entity439 sac in 1 @entity1 and was associated with oral anticoagulation in 1 other @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Proper identification of the source of @entity1070 and its complete occlusion, combined with @entity439 sac coiling, may result in prompt decrease in @entity439 size.

title: Technique and results of transfemoral superselective coil embolization of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm', 'Aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms', 'abdominal aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1070 :: ('MESH:D057867', 'Disease') :: ['type II endoleak']

answer: @entity1070 :: (MESH:D057867,Disease) :: ['type II lumbar endoleak']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity191 ( @entity191 ) is a progressive, @entity179 which leads to postural and @entity426 , limitation in mobility, activities of daily living and disability. AIMS: The aim of the study is to assess the effects of the rehabilitation program on balance, gait, motor performance and @entity717 in @entity191 @entity1 . METHODS: Sixty-four @entity1 with 1.5-3.0 stage @entity191 in the Hoehn and Yahr scale were randomly allocated to rehabilitation and control groups. Sixty-one @entity1 completed the study. @entity1 were assessed three times, at month intervals. Between the first and second assessments, the rehabilitation group participated in a rehabilitation training program focused on mobility, balance and gait exercises, consisting of 28 sessions. Balance was assessed with tandem stance and the Pastor test (shoulder tug). Gait was assessed with a 10  m walk at preferred speed and 360   turn. Motor performance was evaluated by means of the Physical Performance Test (PPT) and timed motor activities. The @entity717 were measured in the lumbar and thoraco-lumbar spine with a tape measure. RESULTS: The rehabilitation group significantly improved (p  <  0.05) in balance and gait outcomes, PPT score, timed activities and @entity717 both in comparison to the control group and baseline results. The positive effects of the exercise program maintained for at least 1  month. CONCLUSION: The 4-week rehabilitation training program focused on mobility, balance and gait exercises improved balance, gait, physical performance and @entity717 in @entity1 with @entity191 .

title: The effect of the rehabilitation program on balance, gait, physical performance and XXXX in @entity191 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disease']

entities_list: @entity426 :: ('MESH:D020233', 'Disease') :: ['gait disorders']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['trunk rotations']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['trunk rotation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study the safety and efficacy of oral @entity3927 in pre-induction cervical ripening and induction of labour in prolonged pregnancy. METHODS: This is a single blind randomized control trial. 100 @entity1 with prolonged pregnancy beyond 40  weeks and Bishop score <6 were recruited, and randomly allocated into two groups. @entity1 who received Tab. @entity3927 200  mg orally were assigned in Study Group (n  =  50) and who received placebo orally were assigned in Control Group (n  =  50) At the end of 24  h, change in the Bishop's score was assessed and Tab. @entity396 25   g was administered intravaginally every 4  h, maximum 6 doses for induction/augmentation of labour. Analysis regarding safety and efficacy of the drug was done with regards to maternal and perinatal outcome. RESULTS: Among 100 subjects, 50 received @entity3927 and 50 received placebo. Mean induction to delivery interval was 1,907      368.4  min for Study Group versus 2,079      231.6  min for Control Group. The improvement in mean Bishop score was 5.0408      1.90 for Study Group compared with 3.26      1.15 was for Control Group after 24  h. Mean dose of @entity396 in Study Group was 40      27.2, while the same in Control Group was 52      19.46. Eight (16  %) @entity1 in Study Group and two (4  %) @entity1 in Control Group delivered vaginally within 24  h without any need of augmentation. There were 6 (12  %) cesareans and 2 (4  %) instrumental deliveries in Study Group and 8 (16  %) cesareans and 5 (10  %) instrumental deliveries in the Control Group. There was no statistically significant difference in perinatal outcomes between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3927 had a modest effect on cervical ripening when given 24  h prior to labour induction and appearing to reduce need for @entity396 compared with placebo.

title: Safety and Efficacy of Oral XXXX in Pre-induction Cervical Ripening and Induction of Labour in Prolonged Pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity3927 :: ('MESH:D015735', 'Chemical') :: ['Mifepristone', 'mifepristone']

entities_list: @entity396 :: ('MESH:D016595', 'Chemical') :: ['Misoprostol', 'misoprostol']

answer: @entity3927 :: (MESH:D015735,Chemical) :: ['Mifepristone']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of quantitative intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) of Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the assessment of liver @entity3 treated with targeted chemotherapy agents. METHODS: 12 @entity1 with unresectable liver @entity3 from @entity14 were enrolled and received neoadjuvant FOLFIRI ( @entity1487 , @entity4181 , @entity2600 ) plus bevacizumab therapy. DWI was performed for 36 @entity3 at baseline and after 14 days from starting the treatment. In addition to the basic IVIM metrics, the product between pseudo-diffusivity and perfusion fraction was considered as a descriptor roughly analogous to the flow. Median diffusion parameters of Region of Interest (ROI) were used as representative values for each lesion. Normalized parameters in comparison with the median value of spleen were also collected. The percentual change of the diffusion parameters was calculated. The response to chemotherapy was evaluated according the Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity5 (RECIST) as calculated on whole-body CT scan obtained three months after treatment. Mann Whitney test and Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed. RESULTS: 24 lesions were categorized as responding and 12 as not responding. There was no statistically significant difference among absolute and normalized diffusion parameters between the pretreatment and the post-treatment findings. Instead, the perfusion fraction (fp) values showed a statistical difference between responder and non-responder lesions: sensitivity and specificity of fp variation was 62% and 93%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: IVIM parameters represent a valuable tool in the evaluation of the anti-angiogenic therapy in @entity1 with liver @entity3 from @entity14 . A percentage change of fp represents the most effective DWI marker in the assessment of @entity5 response.

title: Early Assessment of XXXX @entity1 with Liver Metastases Treated with Antiangiogenic Drugs: The Role of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion in Diffusion-Weighted Imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Solid Tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer']