abstract: The objective of this study was to describe patterns and predictors of work absence in the prospective, community-based Maine Carpal Tunnel Study. Three hundred fifteen @entity1 with @entity923 ( @entity923 ) were recruited from physicians' offices throughout Maine. The @entity1 completed questionnaires at entry and after 6, 18, and 30 months. The questionnaires included scales measuring symptom severity, functional status, general and mental health status, exposure to physical stressors, work status, and other indicators. The analyses examined univariate and multivariate correlates of work absence. The mean age was 43, 72% of subjects were female, 71% underwent carpal tunnel release, and 45% were receiving Workers' Compensation. Fifty-two percent worked in managerial or technical occupations, 15% in service occupations, and 13% in heavy labor or machine operation. Forty-five percent of @entity1 changed jobs or were absent from work (aside from postoperative recovery) during the 30-month follow-up. In multivariate logistic regression models, correlates of work absence at 18 months included worse functional status of the hand at study entry and at 6-month follow-up, involvement of an attorney at the time of enrollment (P < 0.002 for each), and work absence at 6 months (P = 0.03). Worse upper extremity functional status and having a contested Workers' Compensation claim are critical predictors of work absence and should be principal targets of interventions to reduce @entity717 in @entity923 .

title: Prevalence and predictors of long-term XXXX due to @entity923 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity923 :: ('MESH:D002349', 'Disease') :: ['carpal tunnel syndrome', 'CTS']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['work disability']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['work disability']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 , occurring in advanced stages of @entity5 , is linked with poor prognosis and can cause invalidating symptoms. Physiopathological mechanisms of @entity843 formation are complex and have yet to be fully elucidated. In most cases, @entity843 is due to @entity298 in which vascular permeability is enhanced by @entity7 production while lymphatic drainage decreases. Ascites can also be secondary to portal @entity101 , for example in case of multiple liver @entity3 , or due to @entity3885 . While paracentesis and diuretics are commonly used, their efficiency has never been compared in a randomized controlled study. Paracentesis brings immediate but temporary relief in over 90% of cases, and implies multiple hospitalizations. Literature reports @entity843 control by @entity1369 alone or in association with @entity1483 . But, available data is controversial, and there is no predictive factor to identify @entity1 that respond to diuretic treatment. The indication of diuretic treatment is left to the appreciation of physicians. Existing recommendations are old, and practices influenced by results obtained in non-neoplastic @entity843 . Additional evidences are required before guidelines can be established for the palliative management of @entity5 .

title: [Supportive care for XXXX in palliative phase: Place of paracentesis and diuretics].

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant ascites', 'cancer', 'Malignant ascites']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['furosemide']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['lymphatic obstruction']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal carcinomatosis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant ascites']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Minimal @entity1985 (MCNS) in @entity1 frequently is associated with @entity566 and immunoglobulin E production. T Helper subtype 2 cytokines, such as @entity3646 ( @entity3646 ), may have an important role in the development of @entity402 . We investigated the associations of gene polymorphisms of @entity69997 ( @entity9597 ), and the @entity8850 ( @entity8850 ) gene with MCNS. METHODS: We analyzed these polymorphisms in Japanese @entity1 with MCNS (n = 58) and healthy controls with neither allergic nor @entity8 (n = 63). The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used for the @entity3646 promoter gene polymorphism ( @entity8997 ), and PCR single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis was used for the @entity9597 chain gene ( @entity69998 ) and @entity8850 3' untranslated region ( @entity69999 ) polymorphisms. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the MCNS group and controls in genotypic distribution of @entity3646 promoter gene polymorphism. Frequency of the T allele was significantly lower in the MCNS group than controls. There was no difference between the MCNS group and controls in the @entity9597 gene polymorphism. In the @entity8850 gene, no significant differences in genotypic and allelic distribution were observed between the 2 groups. However, there were significant differences between @entity1 who did not need cytotoxic agents or who experienced 3 or fewer relapses and controls. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that genetic variations in the @entity3646 and @entity8850 genes may be associated with predisposition to MCNS, partially the clinical course of MCNS.

title: Polymorphisms of @entity3646 --related genes in Japanese @entity1 with minimal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity8850 :: ('6778', 'Gene') :: ['signal transducer and activator 6', 'STAT6']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['change nephrotic syndrome']

answer: @entity1985 :: (MESH:D009404,Disease) :: ['change nephrotic syndrome']


abstract: The topography and spectral characteristics of @entity1 photoreceptors correlate with both, the present ecological demands and the evolutionary history. The South American Opossum is a marsupial @entity1 with unspecialized habitus and crepuscular lifestyle. A sparse population of cones (max. = 3000/ @entity202 ) can be differentiated into four subtypes by morphological, topographical and immunocytochemical criteria. In spite of this unusual diversity the cone types can be split into two functional groups: The population of single cones labeled by antibody OS-2 for short wavelength sensitive pigments was ubiquitous but at very low densities (200/ @entity202 ). The single cones labeled by antibody (COS-1) against long wavelength sensitive pigments constitute the dominant population in the area centralis (2300/ @entity202 ). These two single cone types correlate with the pair typically present in placental mammals. Discrimination of spatial and color contrast may be provided by this "modern" set. The COS-1 labeled double and single cones bearing an oil droplet, display a different pattern by being restricted to the inferior (non-tapetal) half of the retina (max = 800/ @entity202 ). This additional set of cones with oil droplets and long wavelength pigments is a conservative feature of the opossum retina and other marsupials. As an accessory cone system it is possibly providing enhanced sensitivity at mesopic conditions. During the early evolution of nocturnal mammals with its prominent expansion of rod vision these cone types were conserved but then were lost in placental mammals. Thus the unique features of @entity1 retinas are the result of two evolutionary steps: first a reduction of cone based vision, followed by a secondary differentiation of photopic vision and behaviour relying on the remaining set of cones.

title: The opossum photoreceptors--a model for evolutionary trends in early XXXX retina.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'mammal']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['mammalian']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Reconstruction after wide resection for a @entity242 involving the knee extensor mechanism is challenging even if the @entity5 is small. CASE DESCRIPTION: We report on four consecutive @entity924 treated similarly at a single institution. Histological diagnoses were @entity1352 (two cases), clear cell @entity242 and extraskeletal @entity2828 (one case each). Follow-up periods after surgery were 18-67  months. All cases underwent pre-operative radiotherapy and subsequent surgery. After preoperative radiotherapy and wide resection including the @entity79 tendon-bone allograft was fixed to the residual patella and tibial tuberosity with screws and a cable wire. Soft tissue and @entity272 over allograft was covered by free antero-lateral thigh flap. Post-operatively, the operated knee was splinted straight for at least 6 weeks, and then range-of-motion exercise was gradually introduced. Except for one case with a proximal tibial stress fracture 5  months post-operatively, no complication was observed. Both bone-bone junctions between allograft and residual bones were united within 1  year after surgery. At the latest clinical follow-up, all the @entity1 had satisfactory functions with @entity85 Society score of 28-30 out of 30 points and virtually full range of motion. DISCUSSION AND EVALUATION: This case series is the first to report bone-patellar tendon-bone allograft for reconstruction after @entity5 resection with joint preservation and with satisfactory clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Bone-patellar tendon-bone allograft reconstruction with vascularized flap reconstruction is a viable option for @entity924 .

title: Bone-patellar tendon-bone allograft reconstruction for XXXX : case series.

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ["Ewing's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['peri-patellar tendon sarcomas', 'peri-patella tendon sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity1352 :: ('MESH:D013584', 'Disease') :: ['synovial sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['patellar tendon, bone-patellar']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin defect']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['Musculoskeletal Tumor']

answer: @entity924 :: (MESH:D052256,Disease) :: ['peri-patellar tendon sarcomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity195 ( @entity195 ) is the most common form of @entity303 in @entity1 with Down Syndrome (DS). @entity934 is a chemical found in the brain that has an important role in memory, attention, reason and language. @entity11544 is a "pseudo-irreversible" inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, which is thought to maintain levels of @entity934 . @entity11544 can improve cognitive function and slow the decline of @entity195 in the general population over time. It is important to note that @entity1 with DS tend to present with @entity195 at a much younger age than the normal population as well as having subtle differences in physiology (e.g. metabolism and heart rate) and may therefore have different requirements from the general population. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effectiveness and safety of @entity11544 for @entity1 with DS who develop @entity195 . SEARCH STRATEGY: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, BIOSIS, SCI, SSCI and the NRR were searched up to October 2008. We contacted the manufacturers of @entity11544 as well as experts in the field, to ask about reports of unpublished or ongoing trials. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials of @entity1 with DS and @entity195 in which treatment with @entity11544 was administered compared with a placebo group. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: No study was identified which met inclusion criteria for this review. MAIN RESULTS: No study was identified which met inclusion criteria for this review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: As there are no included trials, recommendations cannot be made about @entity11544 for @entity195 in DS. Well-designed, adequately powered studies are required.

title: @entity11544 for XXXX in @entity1 with Down syndrome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity11544 :: ('MESH:C072506', 'Chemical') :: ['Rivastigmine', 'rivastigmine']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's dementia"]

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine', 'Acetylcholine']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although the occurrence of @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) after chemotherapy for @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ) is common in clinical settings, the simultaneous occurrence of these @entity5 in @entity1 without previous exposure to chemotherapy is a rare event. Etiology, disease management, and clinical treatment remain unclear for this particular occurrence. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report a case of simultaneous presentation of @entity3052 and @entity1582 after exposure to ultraviolet irradiation. CASE PRESENTATION: We reported the case of a 73-year-old @entity1 (Han Chinese ethnicity) without previous medical history of @entity3052 and @entity1582 . The morphology and immunology of bone marrow cells confirmed the co-existence of @entity3052 and @entity1582 . Fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis of immunomagnetically separated abnormal plasma cells showed abnormal expression of the amplified @entity996 , @entity876 , and @entity30291 (1p32). Cytogenetic analysis demonstrated Y chromosome deletion. After the @entity1 was administered with @entity1749 combined with @entity2592   +   @entity30021   +   @entity1261 (CAG regimen), and evident curative effects were observed. The @entity1 achieved and maintained complete remission for more than 6  months. Prior to the disease occurrence, the @entity1 had received ultraviolet irradiation for 1  year and was detected with aberrant gene expression of @entity996 , @entity876 , and @entity30291 (1p32). Nevertheless, the correlation of this phenomenon with the etiology of concurrent @entity3052 with @entity1582 remains unclear. CONCLUSION: This study discussed the case of a @entity1 diagnosed with @entity3052 concurrent with @entity1582 , who has no previous exposure to chemotherapy. This @entity1 was successfully treated by @entity1749 combined with CAG regimen. This study provides a basis for clinical treatment guidance for this specific group of @entity1 and for confirmation of the disease etiology.

title: A case of simultaneous occurrence of @entity3052 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity30021 :: ('MESH:D015250', 'Chemical') :: ['aclarubicin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytarabine']

entities_list: @entity1749 :: ('MESH:C400082', 'Chemical') :: ['bortezomib']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['multiple myeloma']


abstract: AIM: To describe the long-term experience of a simplified frozen @entity7105 trunk technique (sFETT) used in complicated acute @entity1580 (AAAD) treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS: Between January 2001 and December 2012, 34 @entity1 (mean age 59.9        11.0 years) with complicated AAAD (DeBakey I) underwent an emergency surgery including sFETT. sFETT consisted in gluing the dissected aortic arch wall layers with gelatine- @entity15603 adhesive and video-assisted antegrade open arch aortic stent-graft deployment in the arch or proximal descending aorta. In addition to sFETT, the aortic root was addressed with standard techniques. A 30-day mortality was 14.7% (five @entity1 ) due to bleeding (1), @entity881 (2), and @entity63 (2). Postoperative morbidity included @entity16 (4), as well as wound infection (1). Mean follow-up was 74.4        45.0 months. Actual survival rates were 73.5% at 1 year, 70.2% at 5 years, and 58.5% at 13 years of follow-up. Six @entity1 died during long-term follow-up from @entity712 (1) and unknown reasons (5). Five @entity1 required reoperation for aortic arch (3) or aorto-iliac (2) progression of @entity439 during the mid- and long-term follow-up. The remaining @entity1 showed favorable evolution of the dissected aorta with false @entity432 in most cases and stable aortic diameters. CONCLUSIONS: In AAAD @entity1 , sFETT as used in our series is an easy and safe technique to repair the aortic arch. Long-term results after sFETT showed false @entity432 and stable aortic diameter in up to 13 years of follow-up.

title: Long-term results of simplified frozen @entity7105 trunk technique in complicated acute XXXX : A case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['colon ischemia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological (2), renal (1) and cardio-pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity15603 :: ('MESH:C031389', 'Chemical') :: ['resorcinol']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ failure']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['lumen occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['type A aortic dissection']

answer: @entity1580 :: (MESH:C562834,Disease) :: ['type A aortic dissection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A progressive reduction in the speed and amplitude of repetitive action is an essential component of @entity2845 , which is called @entity24882 ( @entity24882 ). Because @entity24882 is specific to @entity191 ( @entity191 ) and is suggested to be associated with @entity1167 , its features are of great interest. The aim of this study was, for the first time, to find the neural correlates of @entity24882 and to demonstrate whether dopaminergic deficit is correlated with @entity24882 . METHODS: We enrolled 12 @entity1 with de novo @entity191 at a tertiary referral hospital. Correlations between @entity24882 severity and alterations in gray and white matter were studied. The association between severity of the @entity51 was also analyzed. RESULTS: There was a significant negative correlation between the volumetric changes in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the inferior semilunar lobule of the cerebellum and the degree of @entity24882 . There was a significant correlation between the long association fibers (the superior @entity1315 ) connecting the frontal lobes to the temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes and @entity24882 . There was a significant negative correlation between @entity24882 in the more affected hand and the caudate @entity935 transporter binding in the more affected hemisphere. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the ACC and the cerebellum (inferior semilunar lobule) are associated with the severity of @entity24882 . Taken together with DTI findings, the present study proposes that ACC may have an important role. Our data show that the caudate dopaminergic activity may be related to @entity24882 .

title: Neural correlates of progressive reduction of @entity2845 in de novo XXXX .

entities_list: @entity24882 :: ('MESH:D065606', 'Disease') :: ['SE', 'sequence effect']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['bradykinesia']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['SE and striatal dopaminergic deficits']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['longitudinal fasciculus, the uncinate fasciculus, and the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['motor arrest']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Lung-preserving surgery was proved to be effective and safe to treat @entity1 with benign bronchial strictures. However, this surgical treatment has been rarely reported in @entity1 with complete occlusion in the left main bronchus. The aim of this study was to assess the value of this procedure and report our experience in the treatment of these @entity1 with left @entity891 caused by inflammatory bronchial occlusion. METHODS: We reviewed and analysed the medical records of 8 @entity1 who had undergone left main bronchus sleeve resection for symptomatic left @entity891 caused by inflammatory bronchial occlusion from May 2007 to April 2011. RESULTS: Eight @entity1 (3 @entity1 and 5 @entity1 ) with a medical history of @entity1907 were involved in this study. The median age was 23 years. Parenchyma-sparing left main bronchus resection was performed in 4 @entity1 , 1 of whom received partial wedge resection in the lingual lobe. Left main bronchus sleeve resection plus superior lobectomy was performed in 2 @entity1 and left main bronchus sleeve resection plus left inferior lobectomy in 2 @entity1 , 1 of whom received additional partial wedge resection of the lingual lobe. The procedure was completed successfully in all 8 @entity1 without @entity204 . The mean follow-up time was 49.3 months, ranging from 23 to 69 months. No major complications, including @entity850 and @entity891 , were observed during the follow-up period. The symptoms of @entity891 disappeared and pulmonary ventilation function improved significantly. CONCLUSIONS: In symptomatic @entity1 with left @entity891 caused by inflammatory bronchial occlusion, lung-preserving surgery is an effective and safe surgical treatment.

title: Use of lung-preserving surgery in left inflammatory bronchial occlusion and distal XXXX : preliminary results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary atelectasis', 'atelectasis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative deaths']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['active pulmonary tuberculosis']

answer: @entity891 :: (MESH:D001261,Disease) :: ['atelectasis']


abstract: PURPOSE: The expression of @entity470 ( @entity470 ) and @entity1 @entity1722 ( @entity1722 ) is associated with poor prognosis in sporadic @entity14 ( @entity14 ). @entity470 inhibitors are approved for the treatment of refractory @entity14 . The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of @entity470 and @entity1722 and downstream @entity3963 ( @entity3963 ) and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in non-neoplastic colonic mucosa, @entity652 and @entity189 from @entity1412 ( @entity1412 ) @entity1 , exploring the expression along the @entity2513 sequence. METHODS: The expression of @entity470 , @entity1722 , phosphorylated MAPK/ @entity3963 kinase (pMEK) and phosphorylated @entity3963 (pERK) proteins was studied by immunohistochemistry in samples of @entity694 (n   =   65), @entity652 (n   =   149) and @entity420 (n   =   16) from each of the 16 @entity1412 @entity1 . RESULTS: For @entity1722 , only weak cytoplasmic expression was seen in 8% of @entity652 , 6% of @entity189 and 3% of the non-neoplastic mucosa. @entity470 was expressed in non-neoplastic mucosa, @entity652 and @entity189 with a statistically significant increase in expression in @entity652 compared with non-neoplastic mucosa (p   <   0.001). There was also a statistically significant increase in nuclear staining intensity for pERK (p   <   0.001) and pMEK (p   <   0.001) in @entity652 compared to non-neoplastic mucosa. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study investigating the expression of these receptors in non-neoplastic mucosa, @entity652 and @entity189 from @entity1412 @entity1 . @entity1722 is not upregulated in the @entity5 of @entity1412 @entity1 , while @entity470 appears to be upregulated in most @entity652 and @entity189 , with associated upregulation of pERK and pMEK. We conclude that @entity470 and downstream members of its signalling pathway, but not @entity1722 , may be potential therapeutic targets in @entity1412 @entity1 .

title: Expression of @entity470 , @entity1722 , phosphorylated @entity3963 and phosphorylated MEK in @entity694 of @entity1412 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity3963 :: ('5594', 'Gene') :: ['extracellular signal regulated kinase', 'ERK']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['familial adenomatous polyposis coli', 'FAP']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic non-neoplastic mucosa']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1722 :: ('2064', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor 2', 'HER2']

entities_list: @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['adenoma-carcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Invasive @entity364 are an important cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. METHODS: In an international, randomized, double-blind trial, we compared oral @entity7143 with oral @entity2380 for prophylaxis against invasive @entity364 in @entity1 with @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) who were receiving immunosuppressive therapy. The primary end point was the incidence of proven or probable invasive @entity364 from randomization to day 112 of the fixed treatment period of the study. RESULTS: Of a total of 600 @entity1 , 301 were assigned to @entity7143 and 299 to @entity2380 . At the end of the fixed 112-day treatment period, @entity7143 was found to be as effective as @entity2380 in preventing all invasive @entity364 (incidence, 5.3% and 9.0%, respectively; odds ratio, 0.56; 95 percent confidence interval [CI], 0.30 to 1.07; P=0.07) and was superior to @entity2380 in preventing proven or probable @entity3 (2.3% vs. 7.0%; odds ratio, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.75; P=0.006). While @entity1 were receiving study medications (exposure period), in the @entity7143 group, as compared with the @entity2380 group, there were fewer @entity364 (2.4% vs. 7.6%, P=0.004), particularly @entity3 (1.0% vs. 5.9%, P=0.001). Overall mortality was similar in the two groups, but the number of @entity204 from invasive @entity364 was lower in the @entity7143 group (1%, vs. 4% in the @entity2380 group; P=0.046). The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was similar in the two groups (36% in the @entity7143 group and 38% in the @entity2380 group), and the rates of treatment-related serious adverse events were 13% and 10%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7143 was similar to @entity2380 for prophylaxis against @entity364 among @entity1 with @entity2132 . It was superior in preventing @entity3 and reducing the rate of @entity204 related to @entity364 . (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00034645 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).

title: @entity7143 or XXXX for prophylaxis in severe @entity2132 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['fluconazole']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infections', 'breakthrough invasive fungal infections']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive aspergillosis']

entities_list: @entity7143 :: ('MESH:C101425', 'Chemical') :: ['Posaconazole', 'posaconazole']

answer: @entity2380 :: (MESH:D015725,Chemical) :: ['fluconazole']


abstract: HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: A 66-year-old @entity1 with known remitting @entity308 episodes was admitted to a psychiatric hospital where a severe major @entity308 was diagnosed. The @entity1 failed to respond to SSRI medication. In addition, she developed a pronounced speech disturbance and @entity11583 . Therefore she was referred to the department of neurology 5 months after disease onset. She presented with a @entity76 . Because of a severe @entity4653 testing of cognitive functions were impossible. INVESTIGATIONS: EEG revealed a general slowing of the basic activity. Periodic sharp wave complexes were not seen during the entire disease course. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis (CSF) was normal with regard to cell count and blood-csf-barrier function. 14- 3-3 proteins were detected in CSF, and CSF levels of tau-protein and neuron-specific enolase were strongly elevated. A point mutation was detected at codon 196 ( @entity70480 ) of the prion proteine gene. In addition, codon 129 was found homozygous for @entity4857 . TREATMENT AND COURSE: During the following 10 weeks the @entity1 developed @entity21 , @entity2045 and @entity2845 mutism. Complications were decubital ulcers and infections of the urinary tract. The @entity2045 slightly regressed following treatment with @entity1245 . The @entity1 died 9 months after disease onset. CONCLUSION: A rapid disease course and typical changes of surrogate markers in CSF may support the in-vivo diagnosis of @entity3605 despite incomplete clinical criteria (e. g. lack of @entity303 ). In such cases, detection of mutations by molecular genetic analysis is of importance to further support the diagnosis of @entity3605 .

title: [Clinically atypical XXXX : diagnostic relevance of cerebrospinal fluid markers and molecular genetic analysis?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'depressive']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonus']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['predominant cerebellar syndrome']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs']

entities_list: @entity11583 :: ('MESH:D020234', 'Disease') :: ['gait ataxia']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity3605 :: (MESH:D007562,Disease) :: ['CJD']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Giant cell tumor of bone is benign but locally aggressive @entity5 with a tendency for local recurrence. Although various treatment options have been utilized and reported, it remains a difficult therapeutic problem for the orthopedic surgeon. METHODS: We reviewed the results of the treatment of @entity2968 in 27 @entity1 . Eleven @entity1 were treated with extended curettage and burring then packing with cement, while 16 @entity1 had wide resection and reconstruction. RESULTS: At an average of 50 months after surgery, the recurrence rate of curettage was 27% and that of wide resection was 6.25%. Two of the three @entity1 who had a recurrence after curettage were treated by a secondary curettage procedure and were later free of disease. Overall, the local control rate after second curettage and packing with cement was 90.9%. There was no @entity281 in the curettage group but @entity281 occurred in 3 @entity1 of the resection group. Eight @entity1 in the curettage group (80%) had an excellent functional result but only 2 @entity1 in the resection group (13%) achieved an excellent result. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that either curettage and packing with cement or wide resection are effective in treatment of @entity2968 . There is, however, a better functional result after curettage and packing with cement than following wide resection. We recommend curettage and cement packing for @entity2968 whenever it is technically feasible.

title: Treatment of XXXX : a comparison of local curettage and wide resection.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2968 :: ('MESH:D018212', 'Disease') :: ['giant cell tumor of bone']

answer: @entity2968 :: (MESH:D018212,Disease) :: ['giant cell tumor of bone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity715 ( @entity715 ) is a typical manifestation of @entity11998 vera (PV) or essential thrombocythaemia (ET). The recently discovered JAK2V617F somatic mutation is closely associated with @entity102 ( @entity102 ). We investigated whether @entity715 involving the inferior vena cava (IVC) is also related to the JAK2V617F mutation or @entity102 . METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from 40 IVC @entity715 @entity1 . Fifty-three @entity1 with isolated @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) and 20 @entity715 @entity1 served as controls. The presence of the JAK2V617F mutation was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: The JAK2V617F allele was not detected in any of the IVC @entity715 @entity1 but was detected in one @entity1 (2%) with isolated @entity1150 . However, the mutation-carrying @entity1 did not exhibit symptoms of @entity102 . Even after an observation period of 30months, the @entity1 's complete blood cell count did not exhibit any pathology. In contrast, the JAK2V617F allele was detected in four @entity1 with @entity715 (20%) and @entity102 . CONCLUSION: According to our data, there is no evidence that IVC @entity715 is associated with the JAK2V617F mutation or the presence of @entity102 .

title: Inferior vena cava @entity715 and its relationship with the JAK2V617F mutation and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity11998 :: ('MESH:C548016', 'Disease') :: ['polycythaemia']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic myeloproliferative disease', 'CMD']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['lower extremity deep vein thrombosis', 'LE-DVT']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['Splanchnic vein thrombosis', 'thrombosis', 'SVT']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic myeloproliferative disease']


abstract: AIM: To assess long-term subjective, objective, and urodynamic outcomes of retropubic mid-urethral slings at 13-year follow-up. METHODS: This was a prospective observational study. Consecutive @entity1 with proven urodynamic stress @entity322 were treated with standard retropubic @entity365 ( @entity365 ). @entity1 with mixed @entity322 and/or anatomic evidence of pelvic organ prolapse were excluded. All the included @entity1 underwent preoperative clinical and urodynamic evaluations. During follow-up examinations, @entity1 were assessed for subjective satisfaction and objective cure rates. The Cox model was used in order to investigate factors predicting the risk of recurrent stress @entity322 (SUI), over the study period. RESULTS: Overall, 55 @entity1 were suitable for the analysis. At 13-year follow-up, 47 out of 55 (85.5%) @entity1 declared themselves cured (p-for-trend 0.02) and 48 out of 58 (87.2%) were at least improved (p-for-trend 0.07). No significant deterioration of objective cure rates was observed over time (P   =   0.29). At the time of the last evaluation, 50 out of 55 (90.9%) @entity1 were objectively cured; urodynamic evaluation confirmed this finding in 49 (89.1%) @entity1 . Considering factors predictive of SUI recurrence, we observed that, via multivariate analysis, @entity28 (HR 7.2; P   =   0.01) and maximum detrusor pressure during the voiding phase  <=29   @entity10020 O (HR 8.0; P   =   0.01) were the only independent predictors of recurrent SUI. CONCLUSION: Our data confirmed that @entity365 is a highly effective and safe procedure also at 13-year follow-up. Interestingly, we observed a significant decrease of subjective satisfaction over time. Neurourol. Urodynam.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: @entity365 for the treatment of urodynamic stress XXXX : Efficacy and adverse effects at 13-year follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence', 'incontinence']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['tension free vaginal tape', 'TVT']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['incontinence']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and @entity137 of the @entity786 and @entity3118 (CF) regimen in @entity1 with newly diagnosed and relapsed/ @entity1073 ( @entity1073 ). Thirty @entity1 with pathologically confirmed @entity1073 were treated with the CF regimen. Ten (33%) had no prior therapy, six (20%) had one previous regimen, and 14 (47%) received two or more prior regimens. Ninety cycles of CF with a median of 3 cycles/ @entity1 (range, 1-5 cycles) were administered to @entity1 with @entity1073 . Nine @entity1 (30%) had a complete response (CR) and 10 (33%) had a partial response (PR) for an overall response rate (RR) of 63%. The median failure-free survival (FFS) and overall survival (OS) was 4.8 months and 17.5 months, respectively. When @entity1 were analyzed based upon the number of previous treatments (0, 1, or 2 or more), those with no previous treatment (n=10) had an overall response of 100%, with 70% CR. The median FFS was 28.1 months and the median OS for this group has not been reached at 42.3+ months. Hematologic and @entity137 were the major @entity137 encountered with the CF regimen. Grade 3-4 @entity1398 , @entity882 and @entity417 were seen in 50%, 37%, and 36% of @entity1 , respectively. There were 13 episodes of grade 3 @entity281 . There was no treatment related mortality, In conclusion, the high response rate associated with the CF regimen merits further investigation in previously untreated @entity1 with @entity1073 , particularly in those who are not candidates for aggressive therapy.

title: @entity786 / XXXX (CF) is active in the treatment of @entity1073 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities', 'infectious toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['fludarabine']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity1073 :: ('MESH:D020522', 'Disease') :: ['refractory mantle cell lymphoma', 'MCL']

answer: @entity3118 :: (MESH:C024352,Chemical) :: ['fludarabine']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study examined the clinical results of an arthroscopic simple pleated capsular shift to treat severe recurrent @entity2065 . METHODS: Twenty-four @entity1 with anterior labroligamentous periosteal sleeve @entity155 or advanced lesions who underwent an arthroscopic simple pleated capsular shift were included in this study. To create an arthroscopic simple pleated capsular shift, redundant capsules, including glenohumeral ligaments, were brought at least 1 cm lateral and 1 cm inferior and shifted to the prepared glenoid. Four sutures were made at the 5, 4, 3, and 1-2 o'clock positions with four anchors. Clinical results were evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS), ROWE scores, active motion, and return to activity. Statistical analyses were carried out using paired t tests. RESULTS: Three out of 24 @entity1 had complaints. Two @entity1 with recurrent instability underwent a repeat surgery, while the other @entity1 complained of a stiff shoulder. There was a significant improvement in the VAS and ROWE scores post-operatively versus pre-operatively (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively), but no significant differences in active motion except for external rotation, which decreased post-operatively (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with severe recurrent @entity1347 , simple pleated capsular shift provided a reliable result. Four capsular shift sutures, 1 cm lateral and 1 cm inferior from the glenoid, were sufficient to reduce shoulder joint volume and restore stability. The arthroscopic capsular shift could be an alternative method in the case of no available labral lesion for repair. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Case series, Therapeutic, Level IV.

title: An arthroscopic pleated capsular shift for recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['anterior dislocation']

entities_list: @entity2065 :: ('MESH:D012783', 'Disease') :: ['anterior dislocation of the shoulder']

entities_list: @entity155 :: ('MESH:D014084', 'Disease') :: ['avulsion']

answer: @entity2065 :: (MESH:D012783,Disease) :: ['anterior dislocation of the shoulder']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity73 is a core feature of @entity716 . Antipsychotics have at best small positive effects on cognitive performance. There is a lack of knowledge regarding the effects of antidepressants on cognitive functioning in these disorders. In the present study cognitive performance was investigated in relation to serum levels of antidepressants in @entity1 with @entity162 and @entity161 . Serum concentrations of @entity837 , @entity837 and @entity906 plus @entity21553 were measured in a total of 187 @entity1 with @entity162 (N=74) or @entity161 spectrum disorders (N=113), and analyzed in relation to neuropsychological tests performance of verbal @entity2414 , executive functioning and processing speed. Analyses were performed using linear regression adjusting for a range of confounders. There was a significant positive association between the serum level of @entity906 plus @entity21553 and verbal memory (immediate recall: Logical Memory Test immediate recall [p=0.015], and long term delayed recall: Logical Memory Test delayed recall [p=0.011]). No significant associations were seen between @entity837 or @entity837 and verbal memory. There were no significant associations between the tested antidepressants and verbal learning, attention, working memory, executive functioning, or processing speed. @entity906 seem to be associated with better verbal memory in @entity162 and @entity161 . This suggests a possible beneficial role of certain antidepressants on @entity73 , which may have clinical implications and provide insight into underlying pathophysiology. However, the current findings should be replicated in independent samples.

title: Serum level of XXXX is associated with better memory in psychotic disorders.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive dysfunction', 'Cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity21553 :: ('MESH:C086816', 'Chemical') :: ['O-desmethylvenlafaxine']

entities_list: @entity837 :: ('MESH:D015283', 'Chemical') :: ['citalopram', 'escitalopram']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis spectrum disorders']

entities_list: @entity906 :: ('MESH:C047426', 'Chemical') :: ['Venlafaxine', 'venlafaxine']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['learning, verbal memory, attention, working memory']

answer: @entity906 :: (MESH:C047426,Chemical) :: ['venlafaxine']


abstract: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a contributing factor in the @entity7499 that is characteristic of proliferative @entity6 . However, a previous study made a promising observation that domain I  -IV of b2  -glycoprotein  I (DI  -IV) inhibits @entity7499 in @entity1 umbilical vein cells. The present study aimed to confirm the inhibition of AGE  -induced @entity7499 in retinal endothelial cells by DI  -IV and to investigate the potential underlying mechanisms. The RF/6A @entity2608 choroid  -retinal vascular endothelial cell line was cultured in  vitro and treated with AGEs in the presence or absence of different concentrations of DI  -IV. The proliferation, migration and tube formation of the RF/6A cells were evaluated using MTS assays, in  vitro wound healing assays and in  vitro Matrigel @entity7499 assays, respectively. The mRNA expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity319 ( @entity319 )  2, @entity319  1 and receptor for AGE ( @entity4283 ) were quantified by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression of @entity6758 , @entity319 and the activation of protein kinase B ( @entity584 ) and extracellular signal  -regulated kinase (ERK) were also assessed by western blot analysis. The results indicated that AGEs promoted the migration, proliferation and tube formation of RF/6A cells in  vitro  (P<0.05), increased the expression of @entity7 , @entity319 and @entity4283  (P<0.05) and increased the phosphorylation of @entity584 and ERK (P<0.05). DI  -IV inhibited the increase in @entity319 mRNA and protein, but did not inhibit the increase in @entity7 or @entity4283 mRNAs. These results led to the conclusion that DI  -IV inhibited AGE  -induced @entity7499 in the RF/6A cells, which was accompanied by a downregulation in the expression of @entity319 and its downstream phosphatidylinosol 3  -kinase/ @entity584 and mitogen  -activated protein kinase/ @entity1366  pathways. These findings provide further support towards the treatment of proliferative @entity6 by interventions that act via a mechanism similar to that of DI  -IV.

title: Domain I-IV of b2-glycoprotein  I inhibits advanced glycation end product-induced XXXX by down-regulating @entity7  2 signaling.

entities_list: @entity7499 :: ('MESH:D016510', 'Disease') :: ['angiogenesis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity319 :: ('3791', 'Gene') :: ['VEGFR', 'VEGF receptor', 'VEGFR  -2']

entities_list: @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['rhesus macaque']

answer: @entity7499 :: (MESH:D016510,Disease) :: ['angiogenesis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimal treatment for resected @entity788 is controversial because direct comparisons of adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) alone and chemotherapy and radiotherapy (CRT) are limited. This study assessed outcomes of CT versus CRT in a national cohort to provide a modern estimate of comparative effectiveness. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity2558 -3N0-1M0 @entity788 after pancreatectomy were identified in the National @entity5 Data Base. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was compared for CT and CRT groups with Cox regression and propensity score matching. Subset analyses by clinicopathologic characteristics were performed. RESULTS: This study identified 6165 @entity1 treated with CT (n   =   2334 or 38%) or CRT (n   =   3831 or 62%). Most were classified as @entity1803 (72%), @entity3121 (67%), and status-post R0 resection (84%). For CRT @entity1 , the median radiotherapy dose was 50.4 Gy. Compared with CT, CRT was associated with improved @entity1349 in a univariate analysis (median, 20.0 vs 22.3 months; at 5 years, 16.5% vs 19.6%; P   <   .001) and a multivariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR], 0.893; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.837-0.953; P   =   .001). CRT remained associated with improved @entity1349 after propensity score matching (HR, 0.851; 95% CI, 0.793-0.913; P   <   .001). Subset analyses showed that CRT was associated with improved @entity1349 among @entity1 with @entity1803 (HR, 0.892; 95% CI, 0.828-0.962; P   =   .003) or @entity3121 disease (HR, 0.856; 95% CI, 0.793-0.924; P   <   .001) and both R0 resection (HR, 0.901; 95% CI, 0.839-0.969; P   =   .005) and R1 resection (HR, 0.842; 95% CI, 0.722-0.983; P   =   .030). CONCLUSIONS: CRT was independently associated with improved @entity1349 after the resection of @entity788 in a large national cohort and particularly among @entity1 with R1 resection and @entity3121 disease. Well-designed randomized comparisons of CRT and CT are urgently needed. @entity5 2015;121:4141-4149.    2015 American @entity5 Society.

title: Addition of radiotherapy to adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with improved overall survival in resected @entity788 : An analysis of the National XXXX Data Base.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'Overall survival']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Application of @entity1702 ( @entity1702 ) to treat @entity1 suffering from @entity5 (GDOO) is today considered a well-recognized palliative treatment. Use of @entity1702 has emerged as an attractive alternative to surgical treatment of such @entity1 . PURPOSE: To report the immediate and the mid-term clinical outcomes from a series of consecutive @entity1 treated with exclusively fluoroscopic-guided insertion of @entity1702 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study including @entity1 suffering from GDOO that were either ineligible for or unwilling to undergo surgery. @entity1 with potentially curable disease, uncorrectable @entity1003 , @entity344 , @entity295 , presence of @entity1744 , and @entity63 were excluded. Technical success, clinical success, and major complications were calculated. In addition, stent migration, stent re-obstruction, restenosis, and overall re-interventions due to recurrent symptoms were considered. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used for @entity1 survival estimation while both bivariable and multivariable analysis were performed to identify any independent predictors of outcomes. RESULTS: Fifty-one @entity1 , (mean age, 63.73        15.62 years) met the study's criteria and were included in the final analysis. Technical and clinical success were 90.19% (n   =   46/51) and 91.30% (n   =   42/46), respectively. Major complications rate was 3.92%. Stent migration was noted in four cases. @entity256 and re-obstruction rates were 19.57% and 10.87%, respectively. No cases of peri-procedural mortality were noted, while Kaplan-Meier estimates for 1- and 2-year survival were 16.8% and 7.2%, respectively. Clinically successful cases and @entity1 with primary @entity5 were related with more favorable survival compared to unsuccessful and @entity1 suffering from GDOO due to extrinsic compression by neoplastic or @entity1600 . CONCLUSION: Exclusively fluoroscopically inserted @entity1702 for GDOO is safe and highly effective method for palliative treatment.

title: Fluoroscopic-guided insertion of XXXX for @entity5 : immediate results and clinical outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['bowel ischemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['GI tumor', 'malignant gastroduodenal outlet obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['lymph node disease']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal perforation']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity1702 :: ('MESH:D013651', 'Disease') :: ['self-expanding metal stents', 'SEMS']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['Restenosis']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['distal small bowel obstruction']

answer: @entity1702 :: (MESH:D013651,Disease) :: ['self-expanding metal stents']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of three @entity5626 ( @entity25928 , @entity11794 , and @entity1331 ) and generic @entity2380 in the treatment of nonneutropenic adult @entity1 with @entity4963 and/or @entity3 in intensive care units in Spain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A decision-tree model was applied. The success and safety (hepatic and renal adverse effects) of first-line treatments were obtained from meta-analyses and systematic reviews of clinical trials. In the case of failure, a second-line treatment (liposomal @entity2379 after the @entity5626 , or one of the @entity5626 after @entity2380 ) was administered. The duration of the treatments (14 days total) was established by a panel of clinical experts using the Delphi method and according to @entity166 Society of America guidelines. The cost of the medications and renal @entity137 were considered. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis using Monte Carlo simulations were carried out. RESULTS: The total cost of the treatment of @entity4963 and/or @entity3 with @entity25928 , @entity11794 , @entity1331 , and @entity2380 was    5,483,    5,968,    6,231, and    2,088, respectively. @entity25928 was the dominant treatment (more effective, less expensive) compared to @entity1331 and @entity11794 . The cost of achieving one more @entity1 successfully treated with @entity25928 , @entity11794 , and @entity1331 compared to @entity2380 was    17,199,    23,962, and    27,339, respectively. The result remained stable, despite modification of the duration of the first-line and second-line treatments, as well as most of the dosing regimens. The probabilistic analysis also remained stable. CONCLUSION: In accordance with this economic study, @entity25928 would produce savings and would be the dominant treatment compared with @entity1331 and @entity11794 in nonneutropenic adult @entity1 with @entity4963 and/or @entity3 in intensive care units in Spain.

title: Cost-effectiveness of three @entity5626 and @entity2380 in the treatment of XXXX and/or @entity3 in nonneutropenic adult @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1331 :: ('MESH:C121905', 'Chemical') :: ['micafungin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity25928 :: ('MESH:C102786', 'Chemical') :: ['anidulafungin', 'Anidulafungin']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['fluconazole']

entities_list: @entity4963 :: ('MESH:D058387', 'Disease') :: ['candidemia']

entities_list: @entity5626 :: ('MESH:D054714', 'Chemical') :: ['echinocandins']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive candidiasis']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['Infectious Diseases']

entities_list: @entity11794 :: ('MESH:C105417', 'Chemical') :: ['caspofungin']

answer: @entity4963 :: (MESH:D058387,Disease) :: ['candidemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In preschool @entity1 , no study assessed the relation between wheezing and @entity2490 severity. Our aims were to estimate the prevalence of current wheezing (CW) in preschoolers and to study the association between CW and current @entity2490 (CR), considering its severity/persistency. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, nationwide, population-based study including a representative sample of 5003 Portuguese @entity1 aged 3-5 years. Data were collected by a face-to-face interview with caregivers using an adapted ISAAC questionnaire. CW was defined as presence of >= 1 wheezing episode in the previous 12 months. @entity2490 severity/persistency was classified according to @entity2023 and its Impact on Asthma. RESULTS: Current wheezing prevalence was 24.5% [95% CI 23.3-25.7]; 9.4% of the @entity1 had >= 4 wheezing episodes in the previous year. @entity1 with CR had an odds ratio (OR) of 4.0 [95% CI 3.4-4.5] for CW; it was highest for @entity1 with moderate-severe persistent @entity2490 (11.5 [95% CI 8.1-16.3]), even after adjusting for possible confounders. Wheezers with CR reported more wheezing treatment use (p = 0.024) than those without CR. There was a trend for a higher number of wheezing episodes with more persistent and severe nasal disease - 48.4% of @entity1 with moderate-severe persistent @entity2490 had >4 wheezing episodes vs. 28.9% in moderate-severe intermittent, 20.0% in mild persistent, 10.8% in mild intermittent, and 3.6% in those without CR; p < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: Current wheezing was present in almost 25% of preschool @entity1 and was strongly associated with @entity2490 , especially moderate-severe persistent disease. Preschoolers with both CW and @entity2490 seem to have a more severe phenotype, emphasizing the need for concurrent evaluation of nasal and bronchial symptoms even in small @entity1 .

title: Severity of XXXX and wheezing is strongly associated in preschoolers: A population-based study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['Allergic Rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity2490 :: ('MESH:D012220', 'Disease') :: ['rhinitis', 'Rhinitis']

answer: @entity2490 :: (MESH:D012220,Disease) :: ['rhinitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: High affinity @entity1501 receptor (HFR) can be overexpressed in @entity0 and is associated with poor prognosis, however the expression in @entity0 ( @entity0 ) is unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze the rate of HFR expression in @entity0 and its role in the prognosis of this high-risk cohort. We analyzed 19 brain @entity3 (BM) and 13 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) from a total of 25 @entity1 . HFR status was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Median follow-up was 4.2 years (range 0.6-18.5). HFR was positive in 4/19 BM (21.1%) and in 1/13 @entity5 (7.7%). Positive samples had low H-scores (range 1-50). 56% of @entity1 had apocrine differentiation. @entity3012 was similar between @entity1 with positive HFR (median @entity3012 48 months) and negative HFR (median @entity3012 69 months) (P = 0.25); and between @entity1 with apocrine differentiation (median @entity3012 63 months) and those without apocrine differentiation (median @entity3012 69 months) (P = 0.49). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first analysis of HFR expression in @entity0 . While previous studies associated the presence of HFR with worse prognosis; in our cohort HFR was positive in only 21.1% of BM with low levels of positivity. Neither HFR nor apocrine features had impact in @entity3012 .

title: Expression of high affinity @entity1501 receptor in @entity0 brain XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer brain metastases', 'BCBM', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumors', 'PT']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: Of 1300 @entity302 @entity1 76 (5.8%) were found to have @entity3149 ( @entity3149 ). These 76 @entity1 were examined at the @entity302 outpatient clinic of Bakirk  y State Hospital for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases between 1991 and 1996 and data obtained were analysed retrospectively. Clinically typical @entity2048 were reported in 40.8%, @entity2045 in 100%, and generalized @entity410 in 82.9% of the @entity1 . Neurological and mental examination was normal for all @entity1 with the exception of three cases; two with essential @entity400 and one with minimal @entity4653 . Precipitating factors were noted in 85.5% of cases. Abnormal EEG was recorded in 73 (6.1%) @entity1 . Abnormalities mainly consisted of generalized discharges of spike/polyspike and slow-wave (86.6%) and generalized paroxysmal theta or delta (9.2%). Fifteen (19.7%) had focal abnormalities and 20 (26.4%) had @entity43205 discharges. Of the 76 @entity1 , 40 (52.6%) were not diagnosed at the initial interview; definite diagnosis was delayed by a mean of 5.9 years. As a result of misdiagnosis at the initial interview 40 @entity1 had been administered AED except for @entity1092 . After reassessment of clinical and EEG findings, the medication was changed to valproate therapy. As a result, 65 of our @entity3149 @entity1 (85.5%) were @entity410 free after a one-year follow-up period.

title: Misdiagnosis and treatment in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'tonic-clonic seizures']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonic jerks']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproate']

entities_list: @entity2048 :: ('MESH:D004832', 'Disease') :: ['absence seizures']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity3149 :: ('MESH:D020190', 'Disease') :: ['juvenile myoclonic epilepsy', 'JME']

entities_list: @entity43205 :: ('OMIM:132100', 'Disease') :: ['photoconvulsive']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity3149 :: (MESH:D020190,Disease) :: ['juvenile myoclonic epilepsy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4596 Background: Controversy exists regarding the optimal management of @entity5 . This analysis defines the Kaiser experience over a 20-year period. Options after orchiectomy were observation vs. adjuvant radiation or chemotherapy. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 502 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity5 from 1990-2010. All @entity1 underwent orchiectomy. Outcomes examined were @entity4557 ( @entity4557 ), @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). RESULTS: Of the 502 @entity1 , 329 were treated with @entity138 (113 to a pelvic/paraaortic field, 202 to a paraaortic field, and 14 to other fields), 79 had chemotherapy (33 had @entity3003 x 1, 36 had carboplatin x 2, and 10 had other agents), and 94 were observed. Among the @entity138 @entity1 (median follow-up 7.5 y), there were 8 relapses and 12 @entity204 , of which 2 were @entity204 from @entity4797 . @entity4557 was 97.6% and 97.2% at 2 and 5 years. Median time to relapse was 13.1 mos. Of the @entity1 who relapsed, 6 were successfully salvaged with chemotherapy; 2 died of disease. @entity1349 was 99.6% and 98.0% and @entity1349 was 99.6% and 99.3% at 2 and 5 years. @entity204 from disease occurred at a median of 22.4 mos. Among the chemotherapy @entity1 (median follow-up 2.6 y), there was 1 relapse at 14 mos and no @entity204 . Two-year @entity4557 was 98.3% and @entity1349 and @entity1349 were 100%. The @entity1 who relapsed was successfully salvaged with @entity12962 . Among the observation @entity1 (median follow-up 5.2 y), there were 11 relapses, 3 @entity204 , and no @entity204 from @entity4797 . @entity4557 was 89.2%, @entity1349 was 98.8%, and @entity1349 was 100% at 2 and 5 years. Median time to relapse was 11.5 mos. Of the @entity1 who relapsed, 6 were salvaged with @entity138 and 4 with chemotherapy; all were NED at last follow-up. One @entity1 is currently undergoing chemotherapy. @entity4557 , @entity1349 , and @entity1349 were compared via the log-rank test. There was no difference in @entity1349 or @entity1349 among the groups. @entity4557 was lower among observation @entity1 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with published trials, our data show that adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy yield similar outcomes in the management of @entity5 . Observation is a viable option that allows @entity1 to avoid the toxicities of therapy. Our data confirm that while observation results in a lower @entity4557 , @entity1 who relapse can be salvaged, and @entity1349 and @entity1349 are not affected.

title: Observation versus adjuvant radiation or chemotherapy in the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4557 :: ('MESH:D012008', 'Disease') :: ['RFS', 'relapse-free survival']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage I seminoma']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['Death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'CSS', 'cause-specific survival', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage I seminoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5697 ( @entity5697 ) associated with @entity1652 ( @entity1652 ) can be severe and is well known to reduce mobility early in the disease. However the burden of @entity1494 is unknown and overlooked. We studied the frequency of @entity1494 and their impact on quality of life. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 60 @entity1 who had @entity3951 -IgG positive @entity1652 associated @entity5697 was performed using the Bladder Control Scale, Lower Urinary Tract Quality of Life, Bowel Control Scale and Neurogenic Bowel Score, Short-Form-36 Health Survey and EDSS. The relationships between the variables were analysed with multiple linear regression. RESULTS: Fifty @entity1 and 10 @entity1 participated. 78% (47/60) @entity1 reported @entity1494 and a similar number reported bowel problems. 87% (52/60) @entity1 reported either @entity1494 . 65% (39/60) developed residual symptoms after the first episode of @entity4685 and the remaining by the second episode. Both @entity1494 reduced quality of life and required modification of lifestyle in 83% (39/47) and 70% (33/47) respectively. CONCLUSION: Bladder and @entity29 is very common in @entity1652 associated @entity4685 developing early in the disease and significantly affects quality of life.

title: Bladder and @entity29 affect quality of life. A cross sectional study of 60 @entity1 with XXXX antibody positive @entity1652 .

entities_list: @entity5697 :: ('MESH:D009188', 'Disease') :: ['TM', 'Transverse myelitis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder and bowel dysfunction', 'bladder symptoms', 'bladder or bowel dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1652 :: ('MESH:D009471', 'Disease') :: ['Neuromyelitis Optica', 'NMO']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['bowel dysfunction']

answer: @entity3951 :: (361,Gene) :: ['aquaporin-4']


abstract: The effect of @entity2272 on root growth, secondary-root formation and root gravitropism in seedlings of @entity2829 was investigated by using @entity28253 -treated seedlings and a viviparous mutant, both of which lack carotenoids and @entity2272 . Primary roots of seedlings grown in the presence of @entity28253 grew significantly slower than those of control (i.e. untreated) roots. Elongation of @entity28253 -treated roots was inhibited significantly by the exogenous application of 1 mM @entity2272 . Exogenous application of 1 micromole and 1 nmole @entity2272 had either no effect or only a slight stimulatory effect on root elongation, depending on the method of application. The absence of @entity2272 in @entity28253 -treated plants was not an important factor in secondary-root formation in seedlings less than 9-10 d old. However, @entity2272 may suppress secondary-root formation in older seedlings, since 11-d-old control seedlings had significantly fewer secondary roots than @entity28253 -treated seedlings. Roots of @entity28253 -treated and control seedlings were graviresponsive. Similar data were obtained for vp-9 mutants of @entity2829 , which are phenotypically identical to @entity28253 -treated seedlings. These results indicate that @entity2272 is necessary for neither secondary-root formation nor for positive gravitropism by primary roots.

title: Root growth, secondary root formation and root gravitropism in carotenoid-deficient seedlings of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity28253 :: ('MESH:C013351', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluridone']

answer: @entity2829 :: (4577,Species) :: ['Zea mays L']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Ankle-brachial index (ABI) is currently recommended for the screening of @entity3657 . However, this method becomes less reliable in the presence of calcified, incompressible arteries, as they result in an erroneously elevated ABI, and an additional measure termed the @entity11438 ( @entity11438 ) is recommended. The evaluation of ABI, and in particular @entity11438 , typically requires significant technical skill and often involves referral to a vascular laboratory. This present situation reveals the need for a valid and reliable, automatic, noninvasive device that will provide both ABI and @entity11438 at the level of the primary care physician. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of such a device, the Vasera VS-1500AT, in the assessment of toe, ankle, and @entity551 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study involved the assessment of 80 limbs from 40 normotensive and @entity101 individuals (17 @entity1 and 23 @entity1 ) with a mean age of 45    18 years. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant correlation (r=0.92) between toe systolic blood pressures obtained manually with photoplethysmography compared with those obtained through the automated device. The same significant correlation was also seen between the two with ankle (r=0.87) and @entity551 . CONCLUSION: These strong correlations demonstrate that further investigation of this device is warranted regarding its use as a screening tool for the assessment of @entity3657 . The automation provided by this device could potentially eliminate variability in these measurements thereby allowing for screening and diagnosis to be done without referral to a vascular laboratory.

title: Preliminary assessment of an automatic screening device for XXXX using ankle-brachial and toe-brachial indices.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity11438 :: ('MESH:D020968', 'Disease') :: ['toe-brachial index', 'TBI']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['brachial systolic blood pressures', 'brachial (r=0.88) systolic blood pressures']

answer: @entity3657 :: (MESH:D058729,Disease) :: ['peripheral arterial disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years, many surgeons dealing with endocrine surgery have increasingly performed total thyroidectomy for @entity1374 . However, total excision of the thyroid in the treatment of benign lesions has been surrounded by even more controversy than its role in @entity5 treatment. The complication rate appears to be higher when the operation is done by inexperienced surgeons who have no special skills in endocrine surgery using proper techniques. The aim of this study is to determine whether surgeons experience and the refinement of surgical techniques are associated with postoperative recurrent @entity3746 or @entity3747 after total thyroidectomy for @entity1374 . METHODS: A total of 68 consecutive @entity1 who underwent total thyroidectomy for @entity1374 were reviewed. Twenty-six of these were from between January 1998 and June 1999 (first period) and 42 from between June 1999 and September 2000 (second period). @entity1 were divided into two subgroups according to different periods and different surgical techniques to identify the RLNs and the parathyroid glands. RLNs function was evaluated pre- and postoperatively by an otolaryngologist, and serum @entity460 levels were measured at the postoperative follow-up. RESULTS: During the first period of the study, transient hypocalcaemia was determined in 8 (31%) @entity1 . Hypocalcaemia was clinically symptomatic in 5 (19%) @entity1 . Transient @entity11923 palsy developed in 4 (15%) @entity1 . Unilateral permanent @entity11923 palsy due to operative injury was observed in 1 (4%) @entity1 . During the second period, we noted transient @entity3747 in 11 (26%) @entity1 and symptomatic @entity3747 in 6 (4%) patients. Serum @entity460 levels returned to normal within 4 weeks after operation in all @entity1 . Neither transient nor permanent @entity11923 palsy was observed during this period. CONCLUSIONS: Complications of total thyroidectomy can be minimized with increasing experience and the refinement of surgical technique.

title: Influence of the refinement of surgical technique and surgeon's experience on the rate of complications after total thyroidectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3747 :: ('MESH:D006996', 'Disease') :: ['hypocalcemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity3746 :: ('MESH:D014826', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['benign thyroid disease']

answer: @entity1374 :: (MESH:D013959,Disease) :: ['benign thyroid disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the demographics and characteristics of @entity1 with @entity8529 ( @entity8529 ). MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, we analyzed the medical records of all @entity1 who were treated for @entity8529 in the department of pediatric surgery of Tepecik Training and Research Hospital over a period of 10 years (1995-2004). Age, gender, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and histopathological reports were documented. RESULTS: In total, 57 @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity8529 . Of these, 40 @entity1 were treated surgically. Furthermore, 26 had acute abdomen, 15 had @entity1321 , 10 had @entity548 , and 6 had some other diagnosis. The mean age of the @entity1 (n=43) was 4.77  3.82 years, whereas that of the @entity1 (n=14) was 3.85  3.67 years. Histopathological examination revealed ectopic mucosa in 9 @entity1 , omphalomesenteric duct remnants in 4 @entity1 , @entity4436 in 24 @entity1 , and @entity1066 in 14 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The prevalence of @entity8529 was 1.6%. @entity1 were approximately 3 times more commonly affected than @entity1 . In most cases, the initial diagnosis was acute abdomen and the presenting symptoms on admission were @entity1321 and @entity548 .

title: XXXX : Ten years' experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Boys', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['rectal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerations']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity4436 :: ('MESH:D004238', 'Disease') :: ['diverticulitis']

entities_list: @entity8529 :: ('MESH:D008467', 'Disease') :: ['MD', "Meckel's diverticulum"]

answer: @entity8529 :: (MESH:D008467,Disease) :: ['Meckel's diverticulum']


abstract: Pulse pressure has been recognized as a marker of @entity65 in normotensives. Moreover, internal carotid artery @entity121 ( @entity121 ) has been proposed to reflect @entity453 . The aim of the present study was to evaluate the predictive value of other parameters derived from ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), myocardial ultrasound, and carotid ultrasound to predict the location and the severity of @entity453 in normotensives. One hundred and thirteen @entity1 with suspected @entity453 underwent coronary angiography, 24-h ABPM and myocardial/carotid ultrasound. Multivariate analysis was applied and equations were extrapolated based on independent variables derived from ABPM and ultrasound. The Gensini score was independently correlated with male gender, pulse pressure, average heart rate for both 24-h (p=0.001) and night (p=0.006) values, as well as percentage of high systolic blood pressure (BP), average diastolic BP, average mean BP, and heart rate concerning daily mesurements (p=0.001). Moreover, the Gensini score was independently correlated with end-systolic volume, posterior wall thickness during systole and intraventricular septum thickness during diastole, along with male gender and age (p=0.001), as well as mean internal and right common carotid artery @entity121 (p=0.002). Similar mathematical formulas have been calculated separately for the coronary arteries and their main branches. In conclusion, the location and the severity of @entity301 can be effectively evaluated by ABPM and myocardial/carotid ultrasound in normotensives. This approach could be useful for determining atypical @entity1 at risk and/or for treating @entity1 with suspected @entity301 who refuse coronary angiography.

title: Ability of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and myocardial/carotid ultrasound to predict the location and the severity of @entity453 in normotensive XXXX : a clinical study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery lesions', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intima-media thickness']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Collagenase clostridium histolyticum (CCH) injection for @entity2074 was approved in the USA in 2010. Current FDA guidelines stipulate that finger manipulation occurs the day following injection. To investigate the safety and efficacy of delaying manipulation to 2 or 4  days following CCH injection, we conducted a prospective, randomized trial at two sites. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity2074 involving the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint >= 20   caused by a palpable cord participated. All @entity1 received one dose of CCH (0.58  mg/0.25  ml) and were followed for 90  days. The primary end point was the percent of @entity1 maintaining clinical success (reduction of contracture to 0  -5  ) at 90  days post-injection. Adverse events and change in Michigan Hand Questionnaire (MHQ) score were recorded as secondary end points. RESULTS: Thirty-seven @entity1 enrolled; 13 were manipulated on day 1, 11 on day 2, and 13 on day 4. At 30  days after injection, the percentage of @entity1 obtaining reduction of contracture to <0  -5   extension was 92, 82, and 85  % in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, with no significant difference. At 90  days follow-up, the percentage of @entity1 maintaining 0  -5   extension was 91, 82, and 83  % in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, with no significant difference. Adverse events were comparable to rates in prior studies. There were no serious adverse events. There was no statistical difference in MHQ scores between groups at any time point. CONCLUSIONS: Delaying manipulation to day 2 or 4 following CCH injection for @entity1159 does not increase adverse events or result in loss of efficacy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, Level II.

title: Delayed manipulation after collagenase clostridium histolyticum injection for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity2074 :: ('MESH:D004387', 'Disease') :: ['Dupuytren contracture']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['MCP joint contractures']

answer: @entity2074 :: (MESH:D004387,Disease) :: ['Dupuytren contracture']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 evaluation of @entity565 severity and medication needs is mostly based on respiratory symptoms and may be influenced by changes in perception of bronchoconstriction-induced sensations. However, the influence of @entity565 medication on the ability to perceive symptoms is still to be documented. This study evaluated the effects of short-term and regular use of @entity10453 on the perception of @entity2710 -induced bronchoconstriction (MIB) in subjects with mild @entity565 , using inhaled @entity3045 on an "as required" basis (n=15), and in subjects with moderate @entity565 , using daily inhaled @entity2715 (mean daily dose, 640 microg; n=15) in addition to @entity3045 to control their @entity565 . METHODS: @entity2710 challenges (MC) were performed at entry into the study, and then before, 1, and 12 h following inhalation of 50 microg of @entity10453 or a placebo, after a 15-day baseline period; and after 4 weeks of twice daily use of those treatments. The measurements were then repeated with the alternate treatment after a 15-day washout period. Finally, a last MC was performed after another 15-day washout period. For each MC, the perception score of bronchoconstriction-associated breathlessness at 20% fall in FEV1 ( @entity33362 ) was evaluated on a modified Borg scale from 0 to 10. RESULTS: Subjects using regular @entity2715 had a higher baseline @entity33362 than those using only @entity3045 (means: 3.06 0.06 and 2.01+/-0.07, p=0.0001). Short- and long-term use of @entity10453 did not change significantly the @entity33362 compared with placebo (p>0.05) in either group (with or without @entity228 ). Although there were some intraindividual variations, mean @entity33362 did not vary significantly throughout the study. CONCLUSION: These observations show that the perception of bronchoconstriction-associated breathlessness is not influenced by regular use of @entity10453 . @entity1 using inhaled corticosteroids show a greater perception of MIB.

title: Influence of XXXX and @entity10453 on the perception of @entity2710 -induced bronchoconstriction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity2715 :: ('MESH:D001507', 'Chemical') :: ['beclomethasone']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['salbutamol']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity10453 :: ('MESH:C057823', 'Chemical') :: ['salmeterol']

entities_list: @entity2710 :: ('MESH:D016210', 'Chemical') :: ['methacholine', 'Methacholine']

answer: @entity2715 :: (MESH:D001507,Chemical) :: ['beclomethasone']


abstract: Recently, there has been strong interest in the development of imaging techniques to quantify axonal and myelin pathology in @entity1 with @entity15 ( @entity15 ). @entity7995 , a condition characterised by inflammatory demyelination of the optic nerve, is one of the commonest sites of @entity15 relapse, and exhibits similar pathological alterations to @entity15 lesions elsewhere in the central nervous system (CNS). Unlike other regions of the CNS, however, the function of the optic nerve can be accurately assessed using clinical measures, as well as electrophysiological techniques such as visual evoked potential recordings. Therefore, @entity7995 is useful for investigating the relationship between abnormalities in optic nerve structure, assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and @entity227 , assessed clinically and electrophysiologically. The aims of the present study were to assess optic nerve @entity2526 in @entity1 with a history of unilateral @entity7995 using MRI, and then to identify correlations between @entity66 . Ten controls and sixteen @entity1 underwent high resolution optic nerve diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), T2- and T1-weighted MRI. In addition, Snellen visual acuity and the latency and amplitude of multifocal visual evoked potentials (mfVEP) were tested in all @entity1 . Diffusion and volumetric MRI indices were correlated to mfVEP functional indices. Significant abnormalities were detected in MRI and mfVEP measures in @entity1 ' affected nerves compared to unaffected optic nerves or optic nerves from healthy controls. Reduced mfVEP amplitude in the affected side significantly correlated with both affected @entity1952 (R=0.58, p=0.02) and reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) (R=0.52, p=0.04). However, @entity194 and reduced FA did not correlate with each other. To further investigate this disassociation, we used linear regression analysis with @entity1952 and optic nerve FA as independent variables and mfVEP amplitude as the dependent variable. The resulting linear regression model was highly significant (R=0.819, p=0.001). These results show that, 4 years after unilateral @entity7995 , MRI-based measures of optic nerve @entity2526 (decreased anisotropy and volume) independently predict @entity227 .

title: Optic nerve diffusion changes and @entity194 jointly predict @entity227 after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1952 :: ('MESH:D009896', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve atrophy']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities in optic nerve MRI and visual dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity7995 :: ('MESH:D009902', 'Disease') :: ['optic neuritis', 'Optic neuritis']

entities_list: @entity2526 :: ('MESH:D025063', 'Disease') :: ['structural abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity7995 :: (MESH:D009902,Disease) :: ['optic neuritis']


abstract: @entity311 is caused by the unicellular apicomplexan parasites of the genus @entity3964 , some of which, including the major @entity1 parasite @entity3964 , have extreme genome compositions (A/T content > 80%). In this overview of RNA production, roles and degradation, we show that despite their unusual genome composition these parasites generally exhibit the standard eukaryotic features of these processes. Thus genes are monocistronic and transcribed by RNA polymerases that conform to the general categories of I, II, and III. @entity3964 spp. are unusual in that they possess structurally distinct rRNA genes that are expressed at different points in the complicated life cycle of the parasite. @entity5 follows a cascade consistent with a dependency upon plant-like apetala 2 (AP2) DNA-binding proteins. mRNA is transported to, translated and degraded in the cytoplasm and the transcription pattern is largely inflexible and responsive to temperature and @entity413 but not drugs. Furthermore, although @entity3964 spp. undertake controlled repression of mRNA species at a number of points in their life cycle only one mechanism, employed by female gametocytes (gamete precursor cells), is clear; it resembles that of metazoan female gametes, consisting of a complex of repression-associated proteins in an architecture formed with the mRNA 5' cap and dependent on U-rich untranslated region (UTR) elements. Extensive antisense transcription has been documented resulting in the production of both short and long transcripts of generally unknown functional significance. This review attempts to summarize what is currently known about the biology of @entity3964 RNA.

title: From cradle to grave: RNA biology in XXXX parasites.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Transcription in blood stage asexual parasites']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum', 'Plasmodium']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study examines relationships between multiple aspects of the home food environment and @entity28 -promoting characteristics of 12- to 13-year-old adolescents' diets, specifically frequency of consumption of high-energy fluids, sweet snacks, savory snacks, and take-out foods. RESEARCH METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study including 347 adolescents 12 to 13 years of age and their parents. Data were collected via self-completed surveys. The adolescents' diets were assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire derived from existing age-appropriate National Nutrition Survey data. An extensive range of domains within the home food environment were assessed. Bivariate linear regression analyses were run split by gender. Forced entry multiple linear regression analyses (adjusting for all variables significant in bivariate analyses as well as for maternal education) were also performed, stratified by the sex of the @entity1 . RESULTS: The influence of mothers, either as models for eating behaviors or as the providers of food, was pervasive. Mothers' intake of high-energy fluids (p = 0.003), sweet snacks (p = 0.010), savory snacks (p = 0.008), and take-out food (p = 0.007) was positively associated with @entity1 ' intake of all these foods. In addition, mothers' intake of high-energy fluids was positively associated with daughters' consumption of these drinks (p = 0.025). Furthermore, availability of unhealthy foods at home was positively associated with @entity1 ' sweet snack (p = 0.001), @entity1 ' savory snack (p < 0.001), @entity1 ' savory snack (p = 0.002), and, in the bivariate analyses, @entity1 ' high-energy fluid consumption (p = 0.002). DISCUSSION: This study of home food environment influences on adolescent diet highlights the pervasive influence of mothers in determining adolescents' @entity28 -promoting eating, providing direction for @entity28 prevention strategies and future research.

title: Associations between the home food environment and XXXX -promoting eating behaviors in adolescence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: The experience of surgical treatment of 34 @entity1 , suffering the heart valves affection in @entity299 ( @entity299 ), was summarized. In 29 @entity1 the affection of a mitral valve (MV) was noted and in 5--of a tricuspid one. Functional disorders of valves was observed in presence of a large, moving, frequently calcified @entity299 owing high density. Radical reconstructive-restoration interventions were performed with artificial blood circulation. In 9 @entity1 the MV prosthesis was performed, in 3--the @entity5 excision, affecting undervalvular apparatus and in 4--the MV plasty (annuloplication). The MV cuspids deformity was corrected in 8 @entity1 and for the MV chords rupture in 1 @entity1 the plasty was performed, using sectored resection. The MV cuspids implantation was done in 9 @entity1 . Late follow-up results were studied up in 26 @entity1 in terms from 2 mo to 20 years postoperatively. Good result was achieved in 18 @entity1 , fair--in 5 and unsatisfactory--in 3. Thus, the presence of @entity299 may be accompanied by necessity to correct the coexistent valve affection, what improves the operation result.

title: [ XXXX and its correction in the @entity299 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac myxoma', 'CM']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['Cardiac valves lesions']


abstract: Soluble @entity844 binding proteins (FABPs) are thought to facilitate exchange of @entity1718 between intracellular membranes. Although many FABP variants have been described, they fall into two general classes. "Membrane-active" FABPs exchange @entity1718 with membranes during transient collisions with the membrane surface, whereas "membrane-inactive" FABPs do not. We used modeling of @entity844 transport between two planar membranes to examine the hypothesis that these two classes catalyze different steps in intracellular @entity844 transport. In the absence of FABP, the steady-state flux of @entity844 from the donor to the acceptor membrane depends on membrane separation distance (d) approaching a maximum value (J(max)) as d approaches zero. J(max) is one-half the rate of dissociation of @entity844 from the donor membrane, indicating that newly dissociated @entity844 has a 50% chance of successfully reaching the acceptor membrane before rebinding to the donor membrane. For larger membrane separations, successful transfer becomes less likely as diffusional concentration gradients develop. The mean diffusional excursion of the @entity844 into the water phase (d(m)) defines this transition. For d<d(m), dissociation from the membrane is rate limiting, whereas for d>d(m), aqueous diffusion is rate limiting. All forms of FABP increase d(m) by reducing the rate of rebinding to the donor membrane, thus maintaining J(max) over larger membrane separations. Membrane-active FABPs further increase J(max) by catalyzing the rate of dissociation of @entity1718 from the donor membrane, although frequent membrane interactions would be expected to reduce their diffusional mobility through a membrane-rich cytoplasm. Individual FABPs may have evolved to match the membrane separations and densities found in specific cell lines.

title: Transfer of XXXX between intracellular membranes: roles of soluble binding proteins, distance, and time.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

answer: @entity1718 :: (MESH:D005227,Chemical) :: ['fatty acids']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine outcome measures for a clinical trial of @entity26000 ( @entity26000 ) associated with mutations in the @entity37188 gene. DESIGN: Retrospective observational case series. METHODS: 28 @entity1 with @entity37188 - @entity26000 (ages 2-59) were studied clinically and with chromatic full-field sensitivity testing (FST), optical coherence tomography (OCT), pupillometry, and the NEI Visual Function Questionnaire. RESULTS: FST permitted quantitation of cone and rod sensitivity in these @entity1 with severe @entity227 . For most @entity1 , the degree of rod and cone sensitivity losses showed a relationship, thereby providing an opportunity to divide @entity1 into cohorts by severity of @entity6121 . OCT analyses indicated that retinal structure could be used not only as an objective safety measure but also as an exploratory efficacy outcome. A foveal bulge was not present in 67% of @entity1 . The intensity of IS/ @entity3012 (EZ line) reflectivity was reduced significantly at the fovea and in the rod-dense superior retina. Based on OCT and FST parameters, most @entity1 had dissociation of structure and function. Abnormal pupillometry sensitivity in the majority of @entity37188 - @entity26000 @entity1 provided another objective efficacy outcome. NEI VFQ scores showed a similar range of findings to those of other severe @entity989 . CONCLUSION: Conventional outcome measures, such as visual acuity and the NEI VFQ, will need to be complemented by methods more specific to this @entity37188 - @entity26000 population. Any therapeutic strategy should determine if there is an effect on rod as well as cone function and structure. FST provides a photoreceptor-based subjective outcome; and OCT in two retinal regions, fovea and superior retina, can assess photoreceptor structure. A change in the relationship of structure and function away from baseline becomes evidence of efficacy.

title: Defining Outcomes for Clinical Trials of @entity26000 caused by XXXX Mutations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual impairment']

entities_list: @entity26000 :: ('MESH:D057130', 'Disease') :: ['Leber congenital amaurosis', 'LCA']

entities_list: @entity6121 :: ('MESH:C566719', 'Disease') :: ['rod and cone dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal diseases']

answer: @entity37188 :: (3000,Gene) :: ['GUCY2D']


abstract: AIM: To assess the prospective association between objectively measured physical activity and kidney function over 4  years in @entity1 with @entity164  2 @entity6 . METHODS: Individuals (120 @entity1 and 206 @entity1 ) participating in the ADDITION-Plus trial underwent assessment of sedentary time (SED-time), time spent in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and total physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) using a combined heart rate and movement sensor, and kidney function [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum @entity1011 and urine albumin-to- @entity1011 ratio (ACR)] at baseline and after 4  years of follow-up. Multivariate regression was used to quantify the association between change in SED-time, MVPA and PAEE and kidney measures at four-year follow-up, adjusting for change in current smoking status, waist circumference, HbA1c , systolic blood pressure, @entity1674 and medication usage. RESULTS: Over 4  years, there was a decline in eGFR values from 87.3 to 81.7  ml/min/1.73m(2) (P  <  0.001); the prevalence of reduced eGFR (eGFR  <  60  ml/min/1.73m(2) ) increased from 6.1 to 13.2% (P  <  0.001). There were small increases in serum @entity1011 (median: 81-84   mol/l, P  <  0.001) and urine ACR (median: 0.9-1.0  mg/mmol, P  =  0.005). Increases in SED-time were associated with increases in serum @entity1011 after adjustment for MVPA and cardiovascular risk factors (b  =  0.013, 95%  CI: 0.001, 0.03). Conversely, increases in PAEE were associated with reductions in serum @entity1011 (b  =  -0.001, 95%  CI: -0.003, -0.0001). CONCLUSION: Reducing time spent sedentary and increasing overall physical activity may offer intervention opportunities to improve kidney function among individuals with @entity6 . (Trial Registry no. ISRCTN  99175498).

title: Objectively measured sedentary time, physical activity and kidney function in @entity1 with recently diagnosed @entity164  2 XXXX : a prospective cohort analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']