abstract: Split hand/foot @entity600 (SHFM) is characterized by underdeveloped or absent central digital rays, clefts of hands and feet, and variable syndactyly of the remaining digits. SHFM is a heterogeneous condition caused by abnormalities at one of multiple loci, including @entity8448 ( @entity8448 at 7q21-q22), @entity13118 (Xq26), @entity13116 ( @entity30201 / @entity30201 at 10q24), @entity4206 ( @entity4206 at 3q27), and @entity13117 ( @entity34821 and @entity36693 at 2q31). @entity13116 is unique in that it is caused by submicroscopic tandem chromosome duplications of @entity30201 / @entity30201 . In order to show that array-based comparative genomic hybridization should be considered an essential aspect of the genetic analysis of @entity1 with SHFM, we report on a family with two brothers who have @entity34263 . Interestingly, both also have @entity735 . Their sister and both parents are healthy. DNA of all five family members was analyzed using oligonucleotide-based DNA microarray and quantitative PCR. The two affected brothers were found to have a small duplication of approximately 539 kb at 10q24.32. The @entity1 ' sister and father do not have the microduplication, but qPCR showed that mother's DNA carries the duplication in 20% of blood lymphocytes. In this family, two @entity1 were affected with @entity34263 having a duplication over the @entity13116 locus. The mother, who shows no clinical features of ectrodacytyly, is a mosaic for the same duplication. Therefore, we demonstrate that somatic/gonadal mosaicism is a mechanism that gives rise to SHFM. We also suggest that @entity735 may be part of the clinical description of @entity13116 .

title: Somatic/gonadal mosaicism in a syndromic form of @entity34263 , including XXXX , documented through array-based comparative genomic hybridization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity34263 :: ('MESH:C574275', 'Disease') :: ['ectrodactyly']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformation']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['ocular abnormalities']

answer: @entity735 :: (MESH:D005124,Disease) :: ['eye abnormalities']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: As suggested by in-vitro data, we hypothesize that subtypes of @entity984 mutated @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) respond differently to chemotherapy regimens. METHODS: @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 and known @entity984 mutation, treated with first-line @entity902 -based chemotherapy, were retrieved from hospital databases. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: to investigate overall response rate (ORR), progression free survival (PFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) between different types of @entity902 -based chemotherapy per type of @entity984 mutation. RESULTS: 464 @entity1 from 17 hospitals, treated between 2000 and 2013, were included. The majority of @entity1 had stage IV disease (93%), had a history of smoking (98%) and known with an @entity420 (91%). Most common types of @entity984 mutation were @entity34831 (46%), @entity22563 (20%) and @entity4706 (10%). @entity902 was combined with pemetrexed (n=334), @entity6023 (n=68) or @entity136 (n=62). @entity1 treated with @entity6023 had a significant improved ORR (50%) compared to pemetrexed (21%) or @entity136 (25%; p<0.01). @entity1 treated with bevacizumab in addition to @entity6023 (n=38) had the highest ORR (62%). The PFS was significantly improved in @entity1 treated with @entity6023 compared to pemetrexed (HR=0.72, p=0.02), but not @entity1349 (HR=0.87, p=0.41). In @entity1 with @entity22563 , significantly improved ORR (p<0.01) was observed for @entity6023 , but not PFS or @entity1349 . @entity1 with @entity34831 or @entity4706 mutation had comparable ORR, PFS and @entity1349 in all treatment groups. CONCLUSION: @entity984 mutated @entity1149 @entity1 treated with @entity3907 -based chemotherapy had best ORR. Response to chemotherapy regimens was different in types of @entity984 mutation. Especially @entity1 with @entity22563 had better response to @entity3907 treatment.

title: Comparison of clinical outcome after first-line @entity902 -based chemotherapy in different types of @entity984 mutated advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity22563 :: ('p|SUB|G|12|V', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['G12V']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity4706 :: ('p|SUB|G|12|D', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['G12D']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['Platinum', 'platinum']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9527 Background: Cure rates for metastatic @entity2828 are poor and justify the stratification of treatment protocols by the presence of @entity3 at diagnosis. Lung @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are the most common form of disseminated disease. Our goal was to assess the diagnostic performance of CT imaging of nodules at diagnosis to discriminate benign from malignant lesions. METHODS: We reviewed the CT scan of all @entity1 (pts) treated at four French centres, prospectively enrolled on the EuroEwing 99 trial between January 1999 and December 2009. RESULTS: 342 @entity1 were identified, 141 of whom had lung nodules at diagnosis, 18 with extra-pulmonary @entity3 . Among the 123 other pts, 54 were considered as having lung @entity3 without needing a biopsy (bx), 32 non-metastatic without needing a bx and 37 with doubtful lung lesions had a bx as part of the disease staging process. Of those 37 pts, three had lesions identified on plain chest x- @entity16039 and 35 had nodules only detected by CT. 16 pts had unilateral nodule(s). Bx showed lung @entity3 in 21 and benign lesions in 16. The median number of nodules detected for the bx positive group was 4 (range 1-22) and 2 for the bx negative group (range 1-12). The median size of the largest nodule was 6 mm (range 3-15) for the bx positive group and 3mm for the bx negative group (range 1.5-8). Both ROC curves showed the poor diagnostic performance of the number of nodules and the size of the largest considered separately and advocate for combining the 2 criteria. According to the practice guidelines of the protocol 47 pts had nodule characteristics that placed them in the "treat as lung @entity3 without bx." Among those, 11 had a bx, of which 9 were positive. All 7 pts with more than 2 nodules and largest nodule greater than 6 mm were metastatic, but 2 of 4 @entity1 with more than 2 nodules the largest being 6 mm were not metastatic. 20 of 42 pts classified as requiring a bx had a bx, 11 of which were positive. Of the 22 pts for whom "bx was to be discussed on a case by case basis" five had a bx, which were all negative. CONCLUSIONS: Combining nodule imaging characteristics is appropriate. All @entity1 with at least one nodule measuring between 3 and 10mm should have a lung biopsy. Nodules greater than 10mm in diameter can be considered metastatic.

title: The management of pulmonary nodules at diagnosis in XXXX with @entity2828 ( @entity2828 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'mets']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity981 ( @entity981 ) initiates and progresses in the bone marrow, and as such, the marrow microenvironment is a critical regulatory component in development of this @entity5 . However, @entity981 studies were conducted mainly on flat plastic substrates, which do not recapitulate the characteristics of marrow microenvironments. To study @entity981 in a model of in vivo relevance, we have engineered a 3-D microfluidic cell culture platform. Biologically relevant populations of primary @entity1 bone marrow stromal cells, osteoblasts and @entity1 leukemic cells representative of an @entity146 phenotype were encapsulated in 3-D collagen matrix as the minimal constituents and cultured in a microfluidic platform. The matrix stiffness and fluidic shear stress were controlled in a physiological range. The 3-D microfluidic as well as 3-D static models demonstrated coordinated cell-cell interactions between these cell types compared to the compaction of the 2-D static model. @entity5 cell viability in response to an antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agent, @entity2592 in @entity5 cells alone and tri-culture models for 2-D static, 3-D static and 3-D microfluidic models were compared. The present study showed decreased chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity of leukemic cells in 3-D tri-culture models from the 2-D models. The results indicate that the bone marrow microenvironment plays a protective role in @entity5 cell survival during drug treatment. The engineered 3-D microfluidic tri-culture model enables systematic investigation of effects of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions on @entity5 progression and therapeutic intervention in a controllable manner, thus improving our limited comprehension of the role of microenvironmental signals in @entity5 biology.

title: Three-Dimensional Microfluidic Tri-Culture Model of the Bone Marrow Microenvironment for Study of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['Acute lymphoblastic leukemia', 'ALL']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytarabine']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia']


abstract: Studies in adult animal models of transient @entity7853 (HI) and @entity63 suggest that morphologic evidence of @entity528 in some regions such as striatum appears early, while in other regions such as cerebral cortex and @entity1249 region of hippocampus it is delayed for few days and is referred to as delayed @entity528 (DND). Moreover, in some regions such as @entity1250 / @entity1251 early 'reactive' neuronal changes occur that are potentially reversible. The aim of this study was to determine whether such changes may also occur in the developing brain. To that end, unilateral cerebral HI was produced in postnatal @entity35 of 13, 21, and 30 days (p13, @entity7504 , p30) by right common carotid artery ligation and @entity519 (breathing 8% O2), and their brains were examined at 24 h, 36 h, 72 h, and 96 h of recovery. The results suggest that: (i) DND is present in developing brain, but its regional distribution varies with animals' age. In cerebral cortex, it is more pronounced in p30 @entity35 than in younger animals. In hippocampus, comparison of lesions of similar severity at different age groups shows a more pronounced DND in @entity1250 / @entity1251 region of p13 @entity35 than in older animals, but no significant differences exist in the degree of DND in @entity1249 neurons among different age groups. (ii) 'Reactive' neuronal changes characterized by reduction in Nissl staining and acidophilia of neuronal perikaryon with minimal nuclear abnormality are present at 24 h of recovery. These changes in some regions, such as in @entity1249 and cortex, progress to @entity528 , while in other regions such as in @entity1250 / @entity1251 are potentially reversible. (iii) Recovery of reactive neurons in @entity1250 / @entity1251 region is age dependent in that there is significant recovery in the older age groups, but not in p13 @entity35 . The pathogenetic mechanisms of the reactive neuronal changes, the chain of events leading to DND or neuronal recovery, and the influence of age in these processes remain to be elucidated.

title: Temporal evolution of neuronal changes in @entity7853 in developing XXXX : a quantitative light microscopic study.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity7853 :: ('MESH:D020925', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral hypoxia-ischemia']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal death']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Spinal dural arteriovenous @entity292 (SDAVF) is a relatively common acquired @entity1462 of the spinal cord. Assessment of a SDAVF is often difficult because of non-specific findings on non-invasive imaging modalities. Diagnosis of a SDAVF is often delayed, and some @entity1 receive unnecessary treatment and treatment delays, often resulting in a poor outcome. The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical presentation, typical imaging findings, and long-term outcome of SDAVF. Forty @entity1 (13 @entity1 , 27 @entity1 ; mean age 58.18  standard deviation 14.75years) who were treated at our hospital from June 1992 to March 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. We investigated the baseline characteristics, clinical presentation, imaging findings, treatment modalities, and outcome of the @entity1 . The most common clinical presentation was a sensory symptom (80%), followed by @entity425 (70%), and @entity1690 (62.5%). Roughly one-third (32.5%) of @entity1 had a stepwise progression of fluctuating @entity425 , but the most common presentation was chronic progressive @entity1109 (47.5%). Thirty-four @entity1 (85%) had T2 signal change on the spinal cord MRI, indicative of cord @entity4 . Thirty-eight @entity1 had typical perimedullary vessel flow voids on T2-weighted MRI. Twenty-eight @entity1 were treated with endovascular embolization, five @entity1 underwent surgery, and four @entity1 underwent both. Clinical outcome was determined by severity of @entity51 (p=0.008), extent of cord @entity4 (p=0.010), treatment failure (p=0.004), and a residual @entity292 (p=0.017). SDAVF causes a treatable @entity602 , so early diagnosis and intervention is essential.

title: Clinical presentation, imaging findings, and prognosis of spinal dural arteriovenous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1690 :: ('MESH:D046628', 'Disease') :: ['sphincter dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['motor weakness', 'weakness and sensory symptoms']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['initial deficit']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['vascular malformation']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['fistula']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and @entity7499 are important elements in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and @entity5 . Our aim was to evaluate the role of both and of antioxidant capacity in the @entity420 sequence in @entity355 . METHODS: In mucosal specimens from 59 @entity1 grouped as having symptomatic @entity354 , @entity355 , or @entity420 in the esophagus, plus controls, we measured @entity3335 activity, superoxidase dismutase activity, @entity2041 content, and total aromatic DNA adducts. To evaluate blood vessel densities and angioarchitecture, we used immunohistochemistry and a modified whole-mount technique. Sections were stained with endothelium-specific markers and smooth muscle cell actin. RESULTS: The @entity189 sequence revealed progressively increased oxidative stress (increased @entity3335 activity), decreased antioxidant capacity ( @entity2041 content), and simultaneous formation of DNA adducts. Pooled data show a negative correlation between @entity2041 content and DNA adducts (-0.28; P =.05). This sequence was also characterized by increased intensity in microvessels and an increasing percentage of immature blood vessels. In addition, the whole-mount technique offered 3-dimensional evidence that the rich new vascular bed is highly abnormal, with repeated twists, bends, or turns, even in nonmalignant Barrett esophagus. CONCLUSIONS: Increased oxidative stress, decreased antioxidant capacity, and a negative correlation between @entity2041 content and DNA adduct formation indicate a link between oxidative stress and @entity355 . Simultaneously, this transformation acquires angiogenic capacity, strong neovascularization, and abnormal angioarchitecture.

title: Simultaneous progression of oxidative stress and XXXX in @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3335 :: ('4353', 'Gene') :: ['myeloperoxidase']

entities_list: @entity7499 :: ('MESH:D016510', 'Disease') :: ['angiogenesis']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ['Barrett epithelium', 'malignant transformation of Barrett epithelium']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['reflux disease-metaplasia-carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma', 'adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity7499 :: (MESH:D016510,Disease) :: ['angiogenesis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity533 ( @entity533 ) is a serum enzyme bound to high-density lipoproteins with antioxidant properties. Molecular studies of @entity533 revealed 2 polymorphic sites at @entity3534 55 and 192 resulting in 2 different allozymes, the L and M-genotype at residue 55 and A and B at site 192, respectively. We have studied the association between @entity533 gene polymorphisms and the minimal change @entity1985 / @entity628 (MCNS/FSGS) types of @entity3441 ( @entity3441 ) in Kuwaiti Arab @entity1 . METHODS: The @entity533 gene, 55 and 192 polymorphisms were analyzed in 50 @entity1 with @entity3441 (32 MSCN, 18 FSGS) and compared to 50 controls. Serum @entity1011 , albumin and lipids were measured in all subjects. RESULTS: The LL genotype was detected in 50% of the @entity3441 @entity1 compared to 48% of controls (p = 0.84). The heterozygous LM genotype was detected in 42% of @entity3441 @entity1 compared 36% of controls (p = 0.68). The MM-genotype was detected in 8% of @entity3441 @entity1 and 16% of controls (p = 0.35). The L-allele frequency in its homozygous and heterozygous forms was found in 71% of @entity3441 @entity1 compared to 66% controls (p = 0.54). The L-allele frequency (LM and LL) was significantly higher in FSGS compared to MCNS @entity1 (p = 0.0001) and when compared to controls (p = 0.0007). All @entity1 and controls had the AA form of the 192 @entity533 gene polymorphism. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrate a strong association between the L-allele of @entity533 gene 55 polymorphism with FSGS in Kuwaiti Arab @entity1 with @entity3441 . @entity533 genotyping can help in the early prediction of FSGS, which might guide clinicians to a better therapeutic approach.

title: Paraoxnase1 Gene Polymorphism in Childhood XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3534 :: ('MESH:D000596', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity3441 :: ('MESH:C535761', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic nephrotic syndrome', 'INS']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity628 :: ('MESH:D005923', 'Disease') :: ['focal segmental glomerulosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

answer: @entity3441 :: (MESH:C535761,Disease) :: ['Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome']


abstract: @entity715 occurs in 4% to 10% of adult @entity1 and in up to 26% of @entity1 undergoing liver transplantation. @entity117 has been used to prevent this complication but may increase procedure-related and @entity360 . The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of low-dose @entity117 in the prophylaxis of @entity715 . The histories of 529 @entity1 who survived liver transplantation between September 1988 and December 1993 were reviewed retrospectively. The routine clinical practice followed until 1992 was to initiate oral @entity117 therapy on the first postoperative day (81 mg daily in adults and 40 mg daily in @entity1 ) as prophylaxis for vascular @entity715 . This was done in 354 @entity1 . @entity117 was not administered to the remaining 175 @entity1 . @entity715 occurred in 13 @entity1 treated with @entity117 (3.7%) and in 7 @entity1 not treated with @entity117 (4.0%) (P = .85). Recipient age of younger than 2 years and low donor liver weight were the only factors that predisposed the @entity1 to @entity715 . A total of 1,651 percutaneous liver biopsies were performed in this series, with 1,111 performed in @entity1 treated with @entity117 . Significant @entity548 after liver biopsy occurred in 12 @entity1 treated with @entity117 (1.1%) and in 3 @entity1 not treated with @entity117 (0.6%) (P = .29). @entity360 occurred in 66 @entity1 treated with @entity117 (18.9%) and in 23 @entity1 not treated with @entity117 (12.8%) (P = .08). Low-dose @entity117 therapy is not shown to be effective in preventing @entity715 after liver transplantation. Although @entity117 does not produce a statistically significant increase in the risk of @entity548 after liver biopsy, there is a trend toward an increased incidence of @entity360 .

title: Low-dose @entity117 therapy is associated with few side effects but does not prevent XXXX in liver transplant recipients.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatic artery thrombosis', 'thrombosis', 'hepatic artery thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['Gastrointestinal bleeding', 'gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['hepatic artery thrombosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Psychogenic non- @entity302 (PNES) or attacks consist of paroxysmal behavioural changes that resemble an @entity302 but are not associated with electrophysiological epileptic changes. They are caused by a psychopathological process and are primarily diagnosed on history and video-EEG. Clinical presentation comprises a wide range of symptoms and signs, which are individually neither totally specific nor sensitive, making positive diagnosis of PNES difficult. Consequently, PNES are often misdiagnosed as @entity302 . The aim of this study was to identify homogeneous groups of PNES based on specific combinations of clinical signs with a view to improving timely diagnosis. METHODS: The authors first retrospectively analysed 22 clinical signs of 145 PNES recorded by video-EEG in 52 @entity1 and then conducted a multiple correspondence analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. RESULTS: Five clusters of signs were identified and named according to their main clinical features: @entity3520 with primitive gestural activity (31.6%); pauci-kinetic attack with preserved responsiveness (23.4%); pseudosyncope (16.9%); @entity71 @entity1162 (11.7%); @entity1162 (16.4%). When several attacks were recorded in the same @entity1 , they were automatically classified in the same subtype in 61.5% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: This study proposes an objective clinical classification of PNES based on automatic clustering of clinical signs observed on video-EEG. It also suggests that PNES are stereotyped in the same @entity1 . Application of these findings could help provide an objective diagnosis of @entity1 with PNES.

title: Clinical classification of XXXX based on video-EEG analysis and automatic clustering.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3520 :: ('MESH:D020821', 'Disease') :: ['dystonic attack']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkinetic']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic seizures', 'epileptic seizure', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['prolonged attack with hyperventilation and auras', 'axial dystonic prolonged attack']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['psychogenic non-epileptic seizures']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this report is to discuss the utilization of thermoluminescent dosimetry (TLD) in @entity272 ( @entity272 ) radiotherapy to: (a) compare @entity1 dose distributions for similar techniques on different machines, (b) confirm beam calibration and monitor unit calculations, (c) provide data for making clinical decisions, and (d) study reasons for variations in individual dose readings. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We report dosimetric results for 72 cases of @entity4888 , using similar irradiation techniques on two different linear accelerators. All @entity1 were treated using a modified Stanford 6-field technique. In vivo TLD was done on all @entity1 , and the data for all @entity1 treated on both machines was collected into a database for analysis. Means and standard deviations (SDs) were computed for all locations. Scatter plots of doses vs. height, weight, and @entity28 index were generated, and correlation coefficients with these variables were computed. RESULTS: The TLD results show that our current @entity272 implementation is dosimetrically equivalent to the previous implementation, and that our beam calibration technique and monitor unit calculation is accurate. Correlations with @entity28 index were significant at several sites. Individual TLD results allow us to customize the boost treatment for each @entity1 , in addition to revealing @entity1 positioning problems and/or systematic variations in dose caused by @entity1 variability. The data agree well with previously published TLD results for similar @entity272 techniques. CONCLUSION: TLD is an important part of the treatment planning and quality assurance programs for @entity272 , and routine use of TLD measurements for @entity272 is recommended.

title: Utilization of thermoluminescent dosimetry in @entity272 radiotherapy of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4888 :: ('MESH:D009182', 'Disease') :: ['mycosis fungoides']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['TSEB', 'total skin electron beam']

answer: @entity4888 :: (MESH:D009182,Disease) :: ['mycosis fungoides']


abstract: AIM: @entity296 ( @entity296 ), an early and frequent event of @entity1850 ( @entity1850 ), is characterized by reduced contractility irrespective of enhanced adrenergic stimulation. Phosphoinositide-3 kinase y (PI3Ky) is known to prevent b-adrenergic overstimulation via its scaffold function by activating major cardiac phosphodiesterases and restricting @entity268 levels. However, the role of PI3Ky in @entity1850 -induced @entity296 is unknown. This study is aimed at determining the specific role of lipid kinase-dependent and -independent functions of PI3Ky in the pathogenesis of @entity1850 -induced @entity296 . METHODS AND RESULTS: PI3Ky knockout @entity19 (PI3Ky(-/-)), @entity19 expressing catalytically inactive PI3Ky (PI3Ky( @entity573 / @entity573 )) and wild type @entity19 (P3Ky(+/+)) were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic @entity32 and assessed for survival, cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) function and left ventricular performance. Additionally, primary adult cardiomyocytes were used to analyze PI3Ky effects on myocardial contractility and inflammatory response. @entity1850 -induced adrenergic overstimulation induced a transient hypercontractility state in PI3Ky(-/-) @entity19 followed by reduced contractility. In contrast, P3Ky(+/+) @entity19 and PI3Ky( @entity573 / @entity573 ) @entity19 developed an early and ongoing @entity296 despite exposure to similarly increased @entity5733 levels. Compared to cells from P3Ky(+/+) and PI3Ky( @entity573 / @entity573 ) @entity19 cardiomyocytes from PI3Ky(-/-) @entity19 showed an enhanced and prolonged @entity268 -mediated signaling upon @entity1063 and an intensified LPS-induced proinflammatory response characterized by NFAT-mediated @entity13633 upregulation. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals the lipid kinase-independent scaffold function of PI3Ky as a mediator of @entity296 during @entity32 -induced @entity1850 . Activation of cardiac phosphodiesterases via PI3Ky is shown to restrict @entity296 early after @entity1850 induction as well as the subsequent inflammatory responses.

title: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma controls XXXX -induced @entity296 via sequential @entity268 - and @entity13633 - signaling.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial hypercontractility', 'SIMD', 'myocardial depression', 'Sepsis-induced myocardial depression']

entities_list: @entity5733 :: ('D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity1850 :: ('MESH:D018746', 'Disease') :: ['SIRS', 'infection-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity55760 ( @entity55760 , Incel) restores drug sensitivity to cells expressing @entity1262 ( @entity70395 ). @entity11092 is expressed in a high proportion of @entity263 while @entity1262 expression is variable. Since @entity2664 (M) and @entity229 (P) are substrates for MDR transporters, we initiated a study to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of @entity55760 plus M/P in @entity1 with @entity263 ( @entity263 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: Eligible @entity1 had progressive @entity263 (defined as new lesions, new disease-related @entity158 , or 50% increase in PSA within 6 weeks of entry), @entity251 <30 ng/ml, no prior chemotherapy, ECOG performance status of 0-3, and adequate organ function. @entity1 received @entity55760 (120 mg/m(2) per h) as a 72-h continuous intravenous infusion with intravenous bolus @entity2664 (12 mg/m(2)) administered 4 h after @entity55760 was started and @entity229 (5 mg twice daily) administered throughout the study treatment. Endpoints included serum PSA response, PSA response duration, time to PSA progression, @entity158 reduction, and quality of life measures. RESULTS: Enrolled in the study were 40 @entity1 and 184 courses of @entity55760 plus M/P were administered. Intensive pharmacokinetics, which were performed on six @entity1 who received one cycle of M/P alone, followed by @entity55760 plus M/P for all other cycles, showed that @entity55760 did not alter @entity2664 clearance. @entity55760 blood concentration at the time of @entity2664 administration averaged 4.52 microg/ml. @entity55760 plus M/P was well tolerated. @entity1209 and mild @entity1398 were the principal treatment @entity137 . Five @entity1 experienced an uncomplicated febrile neutropenic episode (12%), three had severe @entity390 / @entity391 , and two experienced transient moderate to severe @entity2055 . Of the 40 @entity1 , 12 (30%, 95% confidence interval 16-44%) had a reduction in PSA of >/=50% and 9 of the 12 @entity1 (23% overall, 95% CI 10-35%) achieved a reduction in PSA of >/=80% that was sustained for the duration of treatment with M/P plus @entity55760 . The median time to PSA progression was 41 weeks (95% CI 34-68 weeks). Of the 40 @entity1 , 15 completed treatment with stable disease and 13 had progressive disease with increasing serum PSA during study treatment. Median survival was 48 weeks for the intent-to-treat population of 40 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The addition of @entity55760 to M/P therapy did not appear to increase the proportion of @entity1 with significant serum PSA reductions compared to M/P alone. However, the duration of PSA response observed for the 12 PSA responders suggests that MDR inhibition may benefit some @entity1 with @entity263 . In addition to @entity11092 or @entity1262 expression, other mechanisms of drug resistance are probably associated with the relative insensitivity of @entity263 to cytotoxic therapy.

title: Safety and efficacy of the MDR inhibitor Incel (biricodar, XXXX ) in combination with @entity2664 and @entity229 in @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate tumors', 'hormone-refractory prostate cancer', 'HRPC']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity2664 :: ('MESH:D008942', 'Chemical') :: ['mitoxantrone']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity70395 :: ('283871;8714', 'Gene') :: ['P-gp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['Transient nausea/vomiting']

answer: @entity55760 :: (MESH:C106077,Chemical) :: ['VX-710']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the osteogenic capability of the construct combined @entity235 's bone stromal cells with active porous @entity78 cement (A-PCPC) in @entity19 in vivo. METHODS: Isolated bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were expanded and osteogenically induced in vitro. Their osteogenic phenotype was evaluated by cytochemistry. The tissue engineering complex was constructed with BMSCs/A-PCPC in vitro. After SEM scanning, the complex of BMSCs/A-PCPC was implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of the @entity19 as experimental group, and A-PCPC as control group. The engineered bone was harvested 2,4,8weeks post-implantation and processed for HE staining, then evaluated by histology and histomorphometry. RESULTS: Cytochemistry showed alkaline phosphate activity, Von Kossa staining proved the formation of mineralization nodules. Scanning electron microscopy showed the cells adhered to the inner surface of the A-PCPC. HE staining showed a small group of woven bone formation 2 weeks later in the experimental group, while the formation of bone less in the control group. Woven bone turned into trabecular bone gradually at 4 weeks in the experimental group, while the control group showed a large number of bone-like tissue. Histomorphometry showed more mature bone in the experimental group than the control group at 8 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: The A-PCPC/BMSCs composites show @entity3457 and could promote mineralization of the immature bone. It can be used as the bone tissue engineering scaffolds. Supported by Innovation Fund for Science and Technology Development of Pudong New District(Grant No. PKJ2009-Y19).

title: [Experimental study of subcutaneous osteogenesis by bone marrow stromal cells with A-PCPC in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity78 :: ('MESH:C020243', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium phosphate']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['good osteogenetic activity']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['Beagle dogs']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of posteroventral pallidotomy on both the size of long-latency stretch reflex (LLR) and the @entity121 in the wrist flexor muscles. @entity1 AND METHODS: Eleven consecutive @entity1 (right-handed, 6 @entity1 and 5 @entity1 ) underwent left-side microelectrode-guided pallidotomy. The LLR of the contralesional forearm was studied at baseline and 2-3 months after surgery while @entity1 continued to take their optimal medical regimens ('on' period). @entity1 were instructed not to respond to the perturbation (passive mode) or to oppose the mechanical extensor perturbation (active mode). RESULTS: The stretch reflex evoked by extension perturbations of the wrist consisted of a short-latency reflex (M1) and an LLR (M2). Pallidotomy had no effects on the size of M1 components in both passive and active mode and on that of M2 component in the passive mode, however, it significantly reduced M2 component in the active mode (P<0.05). The inherent @entity121 over 60 ms period of mechanical stretch was not influenced by pallidotomy in any experimental @entity558 (preoperative vs. postoperative or passive mode vs. active mode). The hand displacement following M2 component increased significantly after pallidotomy in both passive (P<0.005) and active mode (P<0.05). The inverted value of the displacement following M2 component correlated with the size of M2 component (r=0.60, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Pallidotomy decreased the transcortical reflex gain, probably at cortical level, and consequently reduced @entity121 .

title: Relation between changes in long-latency stretch reflexes and XXXX in Parkinson's disease--comparison before and after unilateral pallidotomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['condition']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle stiffness']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['muscle stiffness']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Vena cavasuperior syndrome is a well-known complication to ventriculoatrial shunts in @entity1 and adults. The basis for this is @entity715 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A @entity1 with @entity1276 had a ventriculoatrial shunt in his first month of life. More than 30 years later he developed @entity4264 following abdominal surgery. Diagnostic venography revealed @entity715 in the proximal veins of his arms, neck and vena cava superior. RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION: He was treated with catheter-directed thrombolysis with antegrade infusion of alteplase (Actilyse). Evaluation of thrombolytic treatment after one day revealed a significant stenosis in the superior caval vein in the same area as the shunt had ended. Venoplasty and stent implantation were performed, and an intraluminal diameter of 10 mm was reached. Complete thrombolysis was achieved after 48 hours' infusion of alteplase. His swellings subsided the following two weeks and control venography 6 months later showed no signs of rethrombosis or @entity256 . His life-threatening condition was successfully treated with local thrombolytic therapy, venoplasty and stent implantation.

title: [Local thrombolysis with stent implantation in a XXXX with @entity4264 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4264 :: ('MESH:D013479', 'Disease') :: ['vena cava superior syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine whether nonprotective, convalescent pneumococcal serotype-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations in @entity1 with invasive @entity66 (IPD) might be associated with an underlying @entity2015 . METHODS: The first 200 convalescent blood samples from @entity1 with IPD that were submitted for pneumococcal antibody testing also had total serum IgG concentrations measured. Pneumococcal IgG testing was performed for 12 serotypes (1, 3, 5, 7, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, @entity5686 , 19F, and 23F); serotype-specific pneumococcal IgG concentrations <0.35  g/mL were considered nonprotective. @entity2015 was defined as total serum IgG >= 2 standard deviations below the mean for age. RESULTS: Nineteen of 172 @entity1 (11.0%) with sufficient serum had @entity2015 although serum IgG concentrations were only marginally below the lower limit for age and all 19 had IgG concentrations >2.0 g/L. @entity2015 was associated with younger age at disease (median, 5.2 [interquartile range, 2.3-13.5] vs. 12.5 [7.4-17.0] months; P = 0.005) and nonprotective convalescent antibody concentrations against the infecting serotype (10/13 [77%] vs. 51/105 [49%]; P = 0.05). There was a correlation between @entity2015 and the number of serotypes against which @entity1 had nonprotective pneumococcal antibody concentrations, particularly among vaccinated cases (P < 0.05). Vaccine failure was also twice as common among those with @entity2015 (3/19 [16%] vs. 11/53 [7%], P = 0.20), although this association was not statistically significant. Three children with @entity2015 who were retested 3 to 5 months later had normal serum IgG concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Although 11% of @entity1 with IPD had @entity2015 , total serum IgG concentrations were reassuringly only marginally below the reference range and were within the normal range in those who were retested, suggesting a @entity942 rather than a serious underlying @entity465 .

title: Immunoglobulin G deficiency in United kingdom XXXX with invasive @entity66 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal disease']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['primary immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity2015 :: ('MESH:D004406', 'Disease') :: ['IgG deficiency']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['transient deficiency']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiac involvement is a major cause of mortality in @entity1 with @entity2106 ( @entity2106 ). However, diagnosis remains underestimated and delayed, owing to subclinical @entity130 . Cardiac troponin-I measurement ( @entity6949 ) on admission could improve the early diagnosis of cardiac involvement and have prognostic value. OBJECTIVES: To assess the predictive value of @entity6949 in @entity1 with @entity2106 for @entity204 or refractoriness. @entity1 /METHODS: The study involved a prospective cohort of adult @entity2106 @entity1 with acquired severe @entity2105 deficiency (<  10%) and included in the registry of the French Reference Center for @entity9818 . Centralized @entity6949 measurements were performed on frozen serum on admission. RESULTS: Between January 2003 and December 2011, 133 @entity1 with @entity2106 (mean age, 48      17  years) had available @entity6949 measurements on admission. Thirty-two @entity1 (24%) had clinical and/or electrocardiogram features. Nineteen (14.3%) had cardiac symptoms, mainly @entity712 and @entity583 . Electrocardiogram changes, mainly repolarization disorders, were present in 13 cases. An increased @entity6949 level (>  0.1   g  L(-1) ) was present in 78 @entity1 (59%), of whom 46 (59%) had no clinical cardiac involvement. The main outcomes were @entity204 (25%) and refractoriness (17%). Age (P  =  0.02) and @entity6949 level (P  =  0.002) showed the greatest impact on survival. A @entity6949 level of >  0.25   g  L(-1) was the only independent factor in predicting @entity204 (odds ratio [OR]  2.87; 95% confidence interval [CI]  1.13-7.22; P  =  0.024) and/or refractoriness (OR  3.03; 95%  CI  1.27-7.3; P  =  0.01). CONCLUSIONS: A @entity6949 level of >  0.25   g  L(-1) at presentation in @entity1 with @entity2106 appears to be an independent factor associated with a three-fold increase in the risk of @entity204 or refractoriness. Therefore, @entity6949 level should be considered as a prognostic indicator in @entity1 diagnosed with @entity2106 .

title: Cardiac troponin-I on diagnosis predicts @entity204 and refractoriness in acquired @entity2106 . Experience of the French XXXX Reference Center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity9818 :: ('MESH:D057049', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombotic Microangiopathies']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity2106 :: ('MESH:D011697', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura', 'TTP']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity9818 :: (MESH:D057049,Disease) :: ['Thrombotic Microangiopathies']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity420 is an uncommon disease with poor prognosis. Therefore, characteristics and treatment strategies for @entity420 should be elucidated sufficiently, not only for surgery, but also for chemotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: Medical records were abstracted to identify @entity1 with @entity420 who were treated at the Iizuka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan, between 2004 and 2014. The results of surgical treatment for stage II/III cases and the efficacy of chemotherapy for unresectable stage IV cases were investigated. RESULTS: The median @entity5 size was 25.6  19.2 mm, and @entity5 size was not associated with primary symptoms. Nine of the @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity5 and underwent surgical resection. The other three @entity1 were diagnosed with stage IV disease, and two out of those three cases received definitive chemotherapy. In two out of the nine resected cases, recurrence was observed; however, surgical resection of the recurrent @entity5 was associated with a good prognosis. In stage IV cases that received chemotherapy, survival durations of over 11 months were achieved. In contrast, overall survival in the stage IV case without chemotherapy was 3.3 months. CONCLUSION: Curative resection and definitive chemotherapy for unresectable cases are effective treatment strategies for @entity420 .

title: Characteristics and Treatment Strategies for XXXX in @entity5 Cases.

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel adenocarcinoma', 'Small bowel adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'stage II/III disease']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma']


abstract: @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) is a @entity1501 antagonist used in high doses as an anti- @entity5 treatment and in low doses for the treatment of some @entity792 . @entity1500 use has been linked to oxidative imbalance, which may cause @entity137 that can be attenuated by antioxidant supplementation. Despite the oxidative effect of @entity1500 , the influence of antioxidant gene polymorphisms on @entity1500 @entity137 is not well studied. Therefore, we analyzed here whether a genetic imbalance of the @entity921 -dependent @entity224 dismutase ( @entity4723 ) gene could have some impact on the @entity1500 cytotoxic response. An in vitro study using @entity1 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from carriers with different @entity15789 - @entity4723 genotypes (AA, VV and AV) was carried out, and the effect on cell viability and proliferation was analyzed, as well as the effect on oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic markers. AA-PBMCs that present higher @entity4723 efficiencies were more resistance to high @entity1500 doses (10 and 100   M) than were the VV and AV genotypes. Both lipoperoxidation and ROS levels increased significantly in PBMCs exposed to @entity1500 independent of @entity15789 - @entity4723 genotypes, whereas @entity101 was observed only in PBMCs from V allele carriers. The AA-PBMCs exposed to @entity1500 showed decreasing @entity4723 activity, but a concomitant up regulation of the @entity4723 gene was observed. A significant increase in @entity2041 peroxidase (GPX) levels was observed in all PBMCs exposed to @entity1500 . However, this effect was more intense in AA-PBMCs. @entity61320 levels were increased in cells exposed to @entity1500 , but the modulation of these genes, as well as that of the @entity589 and @entity588 genes involved in the apoptosis pathway, presented a modulation that was dependent on the @entity4723 genotype. @entity1500 at a concentration of 10   M also increased inflammatory cytokines ( @entity1356 , @entity650 , @entity310 and Igy) and decreased the level of @entity688 anti-inflammatory cytokine, independent of @entity4723 genetic background. The results suggest that potential pharmacogenetic effect on the cytotoxic response to @entity1500 due differential redox status of cells carriers different @entity4723 genotypes.

title: XXXX -Related Response on @entity1 Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells May Be Modulated by the @entity15789 - @entity4723 Gene Polymorphism.

entities_list: @entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['folic acid']

entities_list: @entity15789 :: ('p|SUB|A|16|V', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Ala16Val']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'multi-organ toxicities']

entities_list: @entity921 :: ('MESH:D008345', 'Chemical') :: ['manganese']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increased protein carbonylation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['Methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['Methotrexate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the validities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and @entity419 positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET/CT) in preoperative @entity6962 . METHODS: Pathologic results of @entity1313 and paraaortic and pelvic @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) areas were compared with the preoperative image findings. Differences in the validity parameters of both images were compared using McNemar test. RESULTS: For detecting @entity1313 (n=56), the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for @entity419 PET/CT versus MRI were 98.1% versus 98.1% (P=1.000), 33.3% versus 100% (P=0.157), 94.6% versus 98.2% (P=0.500), 96.3% versus 100%, and 50% versus 75%, respectively. For paraaortic @entity1600 areas, the values were 77.8% versus 51.9% (P=0.016), 90.2% versus 100% (P=0.025), 85.9% versus 83.3% (P=0.774), 80.8% versus 100%, and 88.5% versus 79.7%, respectively. For pelvic @entity1600 areas, the values were 61.1% versus 50% (P=0.125), 86.8% versus 89.5% (P=0.727), 78.6% versus 76.8% (P=0.774), 68.8% versus 69.2%, and 82.5% versus 79.1%, respectively. For extrauterine disease, the @entity1 -based values for @entity419 PET/CT were 100%, 78.9%, 85.7%, 69.2%, and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with @entity6962 , @entity8984 -FDG PET/CT is comparable to MRI in detecting primary uterine lesions. For predicting @entity1600 @entity3 , though @entity419 PET/CT might be insufficient for replacing lymphadenectomy or MRI, it might allow lymphadenectomy to be omitted in poor surgical candidates. For detecting extrauterine @entity3 , it could also be useful to identify unsuspected disease.

title: Comparison of MRI and @entity8984 -FDG PET/CT in the preoperative XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['(18)F-FDG', '(18)F-fluoro-deoxyglucose']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor lesions']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity6962 :: ('MESH:D002296', 'Disease') :: ['evaluation of uterine carcinosarcoma', 'uterine carcinosarcoma']

answer: @entity6962 :: (MESH:D002296,Disease) :: ['evaluation of uterine carcinosarcoma']


abstract: The BL6 subline was derived from the @entity48401 line, which was derived from the B16 @entity19 @entity320 cell line. BL6 cells are more invasive than @entity48401 cells and differ genetically from @entity48401 cells by an alteration of the gene encoding the B56gamma regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A ( @entity20433 ). This alteration results in the transcription of mRNA encoding a truncated variant of the B56gamma1 isoform (Delta-gamma-1). Delta-gamma-1 is capable of targeting @entity20433 to the specific subcellular sites but incapable of promoting the dephosphorylation of specific substrates that is normally mediated by the B56gamma subunit-containing @entity20433 holoenzyme. It thus appears that activities of this type of holoenzymes decrease in cells expressing Delta-gamma-1. Recently, we found two possible ways how Delta-gamma-1 contributes to the enhanced metastatic potential of BL6 cells. The two ways seemed far away from each other: Delta-gamma-1 influenced both the nuclear and cytoplasmic functions of the cell. In the cytoplasm, Delta-gamma-1 localized at the Golgi complex and accelerated Golgi-mediated vesicle transport. On the other hand, Delta-gamma-1 disturbed the cell-cycle regulation. In response to gamma-irradiation, protein levels of Delta-gamma-1 were markedly increased in BL6 cells. Subsequently the integrity of cell-cycle checkpoint became more aberrant in BL6 cells than that in @entity48401 cells. These two actions of Delta-gamma-1 could results in the enhancement of the malignant phenotypes of @entity320 cells, as discussed in this review.

title: A mutation in protein phosphatase type 2A as a cause of XXXX progression.

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: Development of novel anti- @entity5 drug leads that target regulators of protein homeostasis is a formidable task in modern pharmacology. Finding specific inhibitors of @entity1 @entity1457 Factor 1 ( @entity22585 ) has proven to be a challenging task, while screening for inhibitors of @entity1 @entity1605 ( @entity42782 ) has never been described. We report the development of a novel system based on an in vivo cell growth restoration assay designed to identify specific inhibitors of @entity1 @entity42782 in a high-throughput format. This system utilizes a humanized @entity375 in which the master regulator of molecular chaperone genes, @entity375 HSF, has been replaced with @entity42782 with no detrimental effect on cell growth. This replacement preserves the general regulatory patterns of genes encoding major molecular chaperones including @entity2285 and @entity4041 . The controlled overexpression of @entity42782 creates a slow-growth phenotype, which is the basis of the growth restoration assay used for high-throughput screening. The phenotype is most robust when cells are cultured at 25   C, while incubation at temperatures greater than 30   C leads to compensation of the phenotype. Overexpression of @entity42782 causes overexpression of molecular chaperones which is a likely cause of the slowed growth. Our assay is characterized by two unique advantages. First, screening takes place in physiologically relevant, in vivo conditions. Second, hits in our screen will be of medically relevant potency, as compounds that completely inhibit @entity42782 function will further inhibit cell growth and therefore will not be scored as hits. This caveat biases our screening system for compounds capable of restoring @entity42782 activity to a physiologically normal level without completely inhibiting this essential system.

title: High-throughput screening system for inhibitors of @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1605 :: ('OMIM:217000', 'Disease') :: ['Heat Shock Factor 2']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['Heat Shock']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast strain', 'yeast']

answer: @entity1605 :: (OMIM:217000,Disease) :: ['Heat Shock Factor 2']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity2184 continues to present problems when attempting to predict disease progression. This study attempts to identify markers indicative of the biological characteristics of cells isolated from samples of @entity2184 , including adhesion ( @entity2071 ), immune reactivity (MHC Class I and II), cell cycle control ( @entity1722 , @entity517 ) and apoptosis control ( @entity588 , @entity876 ) using dual parameter (DNA/MoAb) flow cytometry. METHODS: Sixty-three fresh tissue samples from @entity320 were taken at enucleation. Samples were assayed for DNA content and cell cycle, the above antibodies together with positive (PHM-5) and negative (2 degrees FITC Ab) controls. The clinical parameters sex, age, @entity5 location, cell type, @entity5 volume and presence of @entity3 were compared with the results and analysed with the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-t-test. RESULTS: @entity2071 expression proved to be the most clinically relevant, being present on a higher proportion of cells in @entity5 > 2000 mm3 (median 38, n = 19) compared with the smaller @entity5 < 2000 mm3 (median 17, n = 26) (p = 0.0015). @entity3 was present in 11 @entity1 and did not correlate with any of the surface markers. @entity517 , @entity1722 and MHC Class II expression were associated with cell type, all showing greater expression in spindle cell @entity5 than mixed/epithelial types. CONCLUSION: These results show flow cytometry as a quick, easy method to provide a 'phenotypic profile' for these @entity5 , and identifies cell cycle control and adhesion molecule expression as important areas for further investigation. @entity1722 and @entity588 positivity was typically seen on over 60% cells in each sample, indicating two potential targets for therapeutic intervention.

title: The correlation between cell surface markers and clinical features in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2184 :: ('MESH:C536494', 'Disease') :: ['Uveal melanoma', 'uveal melanoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'Metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal melanomas']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['choroidal malignant melanomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Extralevator abdominoperineal resection had oncologic superiority with reduced local recurrence and improving survival rates. However, extended perineal resection resulted in complicated perineal reconstructions. Therefore, a new surgical technique to overcome previous limitations is required. This study aims to demonstrate a surgical procedure and outcomes of the modified extralevator abdominoperineal resection, which satisfies both an extended cylindrical resection and a convenient perineal wound closure by modification of the surgical dissection plane. METHODS: From September 2011 to February 2014, 12 consecutive @entity1 (five males and seven females) who underwent the modified extralevator abdominoperineal resection for @entity5 were evaluated. Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes were assessed. Pathologic outcomes were evaluated for the oncologic results. RESULTS: The mean age was 55.3      15.1  years, and body mass index was 21.8      3.1  kg/m(2). Ten @entity1 (83.3  %) received preoperative chemoradiotherapy. The operations were performed by five cases of laparoscopic surgery, six cases of open surgery and one case of robotic surgery. The mean operation time was 258.8      58.0  min. There were no conversions and no @entity5 perforations. Days to first soft diet was 4.7      3.4  days, and the mean hospital stay was 11.2      4.7  days. @entity260 were two cases of grade I, two cases of grade II and one case of grade III. There was one @entity1 (8.3  %) with a positive circumferential resection margin, and there was one case of local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The modified extralevator abdominoperineal resection was feasible and safe for @entity1 with @entity5 with extended perineal dissection and convenient direct wound closure.

title: Short-term outcomes of the modified extralevator abdominoperineal resection for XXXX (with videos).

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'low rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['low rectal cancer']


abstract: In the last years, endomyocardial biopsy has become a useful diagnostic tool for the investigation and treatment of @entity296 . Mainly, its role is irreplaceable for the diagnosis of @entity2401 . However, its routine use is criticized by some authors for the lack of therapeutic usefulness. Actual techniques enable to perform multiple drawings of tissue samples from both ventricles with low incidence of procedural complications. However, in consideration of the invasivity of the procedure, it is fundamental a correct selection of @entity1 to undergo endomyocardial biopsy. In addition to some particular clinical contexts (after heart transplantation, specific @entity296 ), the more frequent indication to endomyocardial biopsy is suspected @entity2401 in @entity1 with "major" symptoms (recent-onset @entity712 with relevant left @entity67 , sustained @entity943 ). In such cases, the correct analysis of tissue samples represents an important question to answer. The information derived from endomyocardial biopsy is increased by the number of methodologies that we apply. For this reason, it is necessary that traditional histology is followed by immunohistochemical, ultrastructural and molecular biological techniques, which can increase the accuracy of the analysis. About the therapeutic perspectives, endomyocardial biopsy has a role in few clinical cases, according to the persistent perplexity about the therapy of active @entity2401 . However, we have to underline that in selected cases endomyocardial biopsy represents a useful method for a correct prognostic and therapeutic evaluation.

title: [Dilated XXXX : indication and role of endomyocardial biopsy].

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial diseases', 'myocardial disease']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['myocarditis', 'acute myocarditis']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['cardiomyopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity519 / @entity63 in utero can result in @entity75 to the fetus and newborn. Antenatal @entity230 are a routine part of the management of @entity1 who develop @entity3152 . Pretreatment of young postnatal @entity35 with @entity619 before @entity519 / @entity63 insults has been reported to attenuate @entity1545 . However, the effects of antenatal @entity230 on @entity2806 in fetuses have not been investigated. OBJECTIVE: We examined the effects of maternally administered antenatal corticosteroids on @entity2806 in near-term ovine fetuses. METHODS: Chronically instrumented fetuses at 122 days of gestation were studied 12 h after the last of four 4 mg @entity619 , or placebo injections were given over 48 h to the ewes. Groups were @entity619 / @entity63 , placebo/ @entity63 and sham-treated control. Fetuses were exposed to 30 min of @entity432 ( @entity63 ) or no occlusion (control) and 72 h of reperfusion. Whole brain coronal sections stained with Luxol fast blue- @entity1710 - @entity1711 were scored for white matter and cerebral cortical lesions. Both areas received pathological scores of 0 to 5 reflecting the degree of injury (0=0%, 1=1-10%, 2=11-50%, 3=51-90%, 4=91-99% and 5=100%). Bilateral carotid blood flow also was measured before, during and after @entity2806 in the @entity619 / @entity63 and placebo/ @entity63 groups. RESULTS: White matter (WM) and cerebral cortical scores did not differ between the @entity619 / @entity63 and placebo/ @entity63 (WM: 3.0+/-1.9 and 2.9+/-1.7; cortex: 3.1+/-1.7 and 2.6+/-1.8, mean+/-S.D.) groups. White matter and cerebral cortical scores were higher in the @entity619 / @entity63 (WM: 3.0+/-1.9, P<0.02; cortex: 3.1+/-1.7, P<0.005) and placebo/ @entity63 (WM: 2.9+/-1.7, P<0.006; cortex: 2.6+/-1.8, P<0.007) than control (WM: 0.2+/-0.4; cortex: 0.2+/-0.4) group. Carotid blood flow was relatively higher (P<0.05) after 24, 48 and 72 h of reperfusion in the @entity619 / @entity63 than placebo/ @entity63 group. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that maternal pretreatment with antenatal @entity619 did not attenuate @entity2806 in the fetus, and that carotid blood flow was higher during reperfusion in fetuses of @entity619 than placebo-treated ewes, most likely secondary to decreases in arterial @entity26 tension.

title: Effects of antenatal XXXX on @entity2806 in near-term ovine fetuses.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['premature labor']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic brain injury', 'brain ischemia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoxia', 'hypoxic']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['carotid occlusion']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity230 :: (MESH:D013256,Chemical) :: ['steroids']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cognitive changes during the preclinical phase of @entity195 ( @entity195 ) @entity303 have been characterized among European Americans (EAs), but studies of preclinical changes among @entity3004 ( @entity3004 ) are notably absent. METHODS: Preclinical changes in cognition before the development of @entity195 and mild @entity73 over a period of 18 years were examined using change points in a biracial sample of 2,125 older adults. RESULTS: Of 2,125 @entity1 , 442 (21%) developed @entity195 and 661 (31%) developed mild @entity73 . A @entity73 point occurred between 4 and 5 years before the clinical diagnosis of @entity195 . Differences between @entity3004 and EAs were observed: EAs had a higher starting level of composite cognitive function, and a change point occurred 4.3 years before @entity195 among @entity3004 and 4.7 years among EAs. The slope of @entity73 after the change point among those developing clinical @entity195 was significantly greater among EAs (0.233 units/y) than among @entity3004 (0.171 units/y; p < .001). This difference in slope of @entity73 persisted after diagnosis of @entity195 so that at the conclusion of observation the difference in average cognitive level was reversed. @entity3004 without @entity73 had a lower average baseline of cognition than EAs, but the slopes of @entity73 were similar. CONCLUSIONS: A prominent change to a steeper slope of @entity73 occurs between 4 and 5 years prior to the diagnosis of @entity195 . The slope of @entity73 after the change point is steeper among EAs than @entity3004 .

title: A Cognitive Turning Point in Development of Clinical Alzheimer's Disease @entity303 and Mild XXXX : A Biracial Population Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive change', 'cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', 'AD dementia', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity3004 :: ('MESH:C537904', 'Disease') :: ['AAs', 'African Americans']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['Cognitive Impairment']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early prediction of disease severity in @entity656 ( @entity656 ) is crucial. The aim of this study was to investigate the body-mass index (BMI), plasma @entity1243 , @entity29869 and ghrelin levels as potential markers predicting @entity39 and severity in @entity656 . METHODS: In the study period, 97 consecutive @entity1 with @entity656 were prospectively analysed. Severe @entity656 was defined according to the Atlanta Criteria. BMI was also calculated. To measure plasma @entity1243 , @entity29869 and Ghrelin concentrations, the blood samples were obtained from @entity1 within 24 hours of admission. RESULTS: Out of 97 @entity1 , 92(70 females, 22 males) were considered eligible for analysis. Of the 92 @entity1 , 30 @entity1 (32.6%) were assessed as severe @entity788 . BMI and @entity1243 levels were significantly higher in @entity1 with severe @entity788 . The pooled sensitivity and specificity of BMI as a predictor for the development of @entity39 were 0.90(95%CI  =  0.56-0.99) and 0.70(95%CI  =  0.58-0.79), respectively; with an overall area under curve value of 0.78.The pooled sensitivity and specificity of @entity1243 levels as a predictor for development of @entity39 were 1(95%CI  =  0.69-1) and 0.73(95%CI  =  0.62-0.82),respectively; with an overall area under curve value of 0.82. @entity29869 and ghrelin levels showed no significant difference in @entity1 with mild @entity788 (6.97      0.84  ng/ml and 2.3(1.0-9.9);respectively) and severe @entity788 (6.74      0.65  ng/ml and 2.0(1.9-9.9); respectively) (p  =  0.1923 and 0.8531;respectively). CONCLUSION: BMI and plasma @entity1243 levels both were correlated with the severity of @entity788 . @entity1243 levels showed better area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity values compared to BMI in prediction of @entity39 . @entity29869 and ghrelin levels were not found to be predictors of the severity of disease.

title: The potential role of BMI, plasma @entity1243 , XXXX and ghrelin levels in the early detection of @entity39 and severe @entity656 : a prospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['AP', 'acute pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic necrosis', 'peripancreatic necrosis']

answer: @entity29869 :: (4925,Gene) :: ['nesfatin-1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is unknown how in-hospital @entity1167 (IHCA) rates vary across hospitals and predictors of variability. OBJECTIVES: Measure variability in IHCA across hospitals and determine if hospital-level factors predict differences in case-mix adjusted event rates. RESEARCH DESIGN: Get with the Guidelines Resuscitation (GWTG-R) (n=433 hospitals) was used to identify IHCA events between 2003 and 2007. The American Hospital Association survey, Medicare, and US Census were used to obtain detailed information about GWTG-R hospitals. @entity1 : Adult @entity1 with IHCA. MEASURES: Case-mix-adjusted predicted IHCA rates were calculated for each hospital and variability across hospitals was compared. A regression model was used to predict case-mix adjusted event rates using hospital measures of volume, nurse-to-bed ratio, percent intensive care unit beds, palliative care services, urban designation, volume of black @entity1 , income, @entity130 designation, academic designation, cardiac surgery capability, and a @entity1 risk score. RESULTS: We evaluated 103,117 adult IHCAs at 433 US hospitals. The case-mix adjusted IHCA event rate was highly variable across hospitals, median 1/1000 bed days (interquartile range: 0.7 to 1.3 events/1000 bed days). In a multivariable regression model, case-mix adjusted IHCA event rates were highest in urban hospitals [rate ratio (RR), 1.1; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0-1.3; P=0.03] and hospitals with higher proportions of black @entity1 (RR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.0-1.3; P=0.01) and lower in larger hospitals (RR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.45-0.66; P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Case-mix adjusted IHCA event rates varied considerably across hospitals. Several hospital factors associated with higher IHCA event rates were consistent with factors often linked with lower hospital quality of care.

title: Variability in case-mix adjusted in-hospital XXXX rates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine whether race day @entity701 was related to @entity79 ( @entity79 ) in competitive male cyclists. A secondary purpose was to determine additional factors associated with @entity79 in competitive male cyclists. Methods. Measurements of lumbar spine and hip @entity79 were performed in 35 male competitors in a state championship cycling time trial event. Salivary @entity701 was measured 10 minutes prior to the start of the race and 5 minutes after race finished. @entity1 reported daily @entity460 intake, age, years of bike training, races per season, and average weekly minutes spent riding a bike, weight training, and running on a survey. Results. @entity701 level increased significantly from pre- to postcompetition but was not significantly associated with @entity79 . Increased weekly minutes of weight training was associated with higher @entity79 of the lumbar spine and the hip. The increased number of years of cycling experience was associated with lower @entity79 . Increased daily @entity460 intake was associated with higher @entity79 of the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Conclusions. Findings indicate that cyclists should participate in weight training and increase @entity460 intake in order to increase or maintain @entity79 of the lumbar spine and hip.

title: The Relationship between XXXX and Bone Mineral Density in Competitive Male Cyclists.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD', 'BMD of the femoral neck']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol', 'cortisol']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity701 :: (MESH:D006854,Chemical) :: ['Cortisol']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2013 are @entity977 that express and secrete prolactin. These @entity1 are overweight and the mechanisms are being studied. GOALS: assess nutritional and metabolic status of overweight @entity1 with and without @entity4089 caused by @entity2013 and compare them. MATERIALS AND METHODS: cross-sectional study, @entity1 with body mass index (BMI) >=  25 kg/m2 with and without @entity2013 : 1) 20 normoprolactinemic (NPrl) with @entity2013 ; 2) 23 hyperprolactinemic (HPrl) with @entity2013 ; 3) 28 controls without @entity2013 or alterations in prolactin levels. Evaluated through anthropometric, dietetics, and biochemical assessment. RESULTS: of the 71 @entity1 evaluated, most were @entity28 @entity1 with @entity2013 . All three groups had diets with low caloric and @entity8981 ( @entity8981 ) intake, the NPrl group had low @entity1735 ( @entity435 ) intake and high @entity14391 ( @entity14391 ) and @entity10194 ( @entity10194 ) intake, and the NPrl and HPrl groups had appropriate intake of @entity1474 ( @entity5204 ). The HPrl group had elevated total @entity165 . HDL @entity165 was below the recommended threshold for most @entity1 . No statistically significant differences were found in anthropometric and biochemical variables among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: most @entity1 with @entity2013 and controls are @entity28 and metabolically similar regardless of prolactin levels. All groups presented low caloric and @entity8981 intake. Protein, @entity14391 , @entity10194 , and @entity165 were significantly different among the groups, the NPrl group ingested less amount of protein and greater of fat. Snacking between meals and changes of food consumption on weekends was reported by most @entity1 . This is the first study comparing @entity1 with @entity2013 and controls, both with overweight, regarding food consumption and feeding behavior.

title: NUTRITIONAL AND METABOLIC ASSESSMENT IN OVERWEIGHT XXXX WITH AND WITHOUT HYPERPROLACTINEMIA CAUSED BY PROLACTINOMA.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4089 :: ('MESH:D006966', 'Disease') :: ['hyperprolactinemia']

entities_list: @entity2013 :: ('MESH:D015175', 'Disease') :: ['prolactinoma', 'prolactinomas', 'macroprolactinomas']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity10194 :: ('CHEBI:26607', 'Chemical') :: ['saturated fatty acid', 'SFA']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas']

entities_list: @entity8981 :: ('CHEBI:25413', 'Chemical') :: ['MUFA', 'monounsaturated fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENTS']


abstract: A @entity35 model of @entity21712 ( @entity21712 ) during anesthesia was generated to investigate the potential role and possible mechanism of @entity13358 ( @entity13358 ) and recombinant @entity1 @entity14290 (rhKGF-2) in protecting anesthetized @entity35 against @entity21712 . A total of 50 male SD @entity35 were randomly divided into 5 groups (N = 10 each): control, @entity21712 , @entity13358 , rhKGF-2, and @entity13358 + rhKGF-2. The @entity21712 (model) group was generated via ventilation, with a tidal volume of 20 mL/kg. @entity35 in the @entity13358 and rhKGF-2 groups received 8 mg/kg @entity69037 mg/kg rhKGF-2, respectively, prior to ventilation. The @entity35 in the @entity13358 + rhKGF-2 group received both 8 mg/kg @entity69037 mg/kg rhKGF-2 72 h before ventilation. The total number of nucleated cells and neutrophils in the bronchial alveolar lavage fluid was quantified, and the pathological changes in the pulmonary tissues examined by @entity1710 and @entity1711 staining. The transcript and protein levels of @entity10459 ( @entity10459 ) in lung tissues were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. The @entity10459 mRNA expression in both @entity13358 and rhKGF-2 groups was similar to that in the @entity21712 group. However, this was significantly elevated in the combined treatment group (P < 0.05), indicating that @entity13358 and rhKGF-2 could synergistically protect the lung tissue from @entity21712 via the enhancement of @entity10459 mRNA expression in lung tissues. The protein assay showed a decreased level of infiltration and activation of inflammatory cells, in addition to increased expression of @entity10459 , thereby confirming the efficacy of this treatment in preventing @entity21712 during anesthesia.

title: Protective effect of interleukin-10 and recombinant @entity1 XXXX on @entity21712 in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity21712 :: ('MESH:D055397', 'Disease') :: ['VILI', 'ventilation-induced lung injury']

entities_list: @entity14290 :: ('2255', 'Gene') :: ['keratinocyte growth factor-2']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

answer: @entity14290 :: (2255,Gene) :: ['keratinocyte growth factor-2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study investigated the outcomes of @entity174 and @entity7334 stabilized with a novel threaded cannulated device. This was a retrospective study of 24 distal radius fractures treated with the T- @entity7894 device (Union Surgical LLC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), with a minimum of 1 year of postoperative follow-up. Outcome data included wrist range of motion, grip strength, and pinch strength. Radiographs were analyzed to determine volar tilt and radial height. At final follow-up, @entity1 completed the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. At an average of 2 years after surgery (range, 1-4 years), flexion was 89%, extension was 96%, supination was 99%, and pronation was 100% of contralateral wrist motion. Grip strength was 93% (range, 40%-137%) and lateral pinch strength was 99% (range, 48%-130%) of the contralateral upper extremity. The average final DASH score was 4.4 (range, 0-35). One @entity1 lost 6 mm of radial height from the initial postoperative radiograph to the final follow-up radiograph. One @entity1 elected to have the quiescent threaded pins removed, and 1 @entity1 had tenderness with wrist range of motion that resolved after @entity7894 removal. After hardware removal, neither @entity1 had further symptoms. No postoperative soft tissue complications occurred, and this was an expected benefit of the minimally invasive approach and intramedullary placement of the device. The stability of fixation allows @entity1 to begin active range of motion early in the postoperative course. The threaded @entity7894 offers reliable @entity174 fixation for the treatment of extra-articular and simple articular distal radius fractures. [Orthopedics. 2016; 39(1):e98-e103.].

title: XXXX Fixation With the Specialized Threaded @entity7894 Device.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7334 :: ('MESH:D057072', 'Disease') :: ['simple intra-articular radial styloid fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['extra-articular distal radius fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Distal Radius Fracture']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 -specific @entity1 induced-pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represent important cell sources to treat @entity1 with acquired @entity3459 . To realize the therapeutic potential of hiPSCs, it is crucial to understand signals that direct hiPSC differentiation to a hematopoietic lineage fate. Our previous study demonstrated that @entity2280 (+) @entity2279 (+) cells derived from @entity1 pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) contain hemato-endothelial progenitors (HEPs) that give rise to hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. Here, we established a serum-free and feeder-free system to induce the differentiation of hPSC-derived @entity2280 (+) @entity2279 (+) progenitor cells to erythroid cells. We show that extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins promote the differentiation of @entity2280 (+) @entity2279 (+) progenitor cells into CD235a(+) erythroid cells through @entity1427 (+) CD235a(+) megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors (MEP). @entity1307 ( @entity1307 ) is a predominant factor for @entity2280 (+) @entity2279 (+) progenitor differentiation to erythroid cells, whereas @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) inhibits the development of @entity2280 (+) @entity2279 (+) progenitor cells. Apoptosis of progenitor cells is induced by @entity2533 in early erythroid differentiation. Suppression of @entity2533 signaling by @entity21795 at early stage of @entity2280 (+) @entity2279 (+) progenitor differentiation induces the erythroid cell generation. Together, these findings suggest that @entity2533 suppression and @entity1307 stimulation promote erythropoiesis of @entity2280 (+) @entity2279 (+) progenitor cells derived from hPSCs. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2735-2743, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Cooperative Effect of @entity1307 and @entity2533 Inhibition on Erythroid Development in XXXX Pluripotent Stem Cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['EPO', 'Erythropoietin']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['blood disorders']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-b', 'transforming growth factor beta']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7237 Background: The purpose of this study was to determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and the dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) of a combination of @entity136 plus @entity3003 administration in a biweekly schedule for inoperable @entity1149 . METHODS: @entity1 with inoperable stages IIIB and IV @entity1149 included in this study were treated with @entity3003 followed by @entity136 . @entity3003 was given intravenously over 30 minutes, and @entity136 was given intravenously over 30 minutes. RESULTS: Fifteen @entity1 were treated at 4 dose levels. As DLT, treatment delay occurred at dose level 4 in 2 of the 6 @entity1 . No DLT was experienced in dose levels 1, 2, and 3. No other grade 3/4 @entity137 was observed. Twelve @entity1 were available for evaluation of efficacy. Four @entity1 achieved partial response. CONCLUSIONS: MTD was not reached in this study. Considering the treatment continuation, the recommended dose for phase II study is @entity3003 AUC 3 and @entity136 1000mg/m(2) administration every 2 weeks. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A phase I study of biweekly combination chemotherapy with @entity136 (GEM) and XXXX ( @entity3003 ) for inoperable stages IIIB and @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboplatin', 'carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['carboplatin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the dynamic changes in hepatic myofibroblasts during the formation of @entity1575 and to investigate the pathogenesis of @entity1575 . METHODS: Each @entity95 was infected with 80 +/- 1 @entity2043 . Liver biopsies were done at different time point after @entity281 and the samples were embedded with @entity982 and stained with HE and @entity18496 -sirius red. The dynamic changes in the areas of @entity738 were observed, and the extent of liver @entity82 and the expression of alpha-SMA positive cells were semiquantitated. At the 16th week after @entity281 , the @entity95 with @entity2043 were received @entity53026 after treatment of @entity2039 and contrasted with the saline group. RESULTS: The @entity738 appeared at the 6th week after @entity281 and its areas reached the biggest at the 8th week. Then the @entity738 shrinked gradually, but the extent of liver @entity82 aggravated progressively. The alpha-SMA positive cells were observed at the 4th week after @entity281 and their number enhanced gradually. The extent of liver and the expression of alpha-SMA positive cells were significantly different between each treated group, and the @entity53026 treated group showed the best result. CONCLUSION: The myofibroblasts play an essential role in the formation and development of @entity1575 .

title: [Dynamic changes in hepatic myofibroblast of XXXX with Schistosoma japonicum].

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granuloma']

entities_list: @entity2043 :: ('332056', 'Species') :: ['S. japonicum', 'S japonicum']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity18496 :: ('MESH:C005858', 'Chemical') :: ['picric acid']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['schistosomal hepatic fibrosis', 'hepatic fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2039 :: ('MESH:D011223', 'Chemical') :: ['praziquantel']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbits']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Absolute Lymphocyte Count( @entity13615 ) and the recovery of @entity13615 after treatment have been identified as a prognostic biomarker for several @entity5 . In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic role of peritransplant @entity13615 and @entity13615 recovery after liver transplantation(LT) in @entity157 @entity1 . METHODS: A total of 269 @entity157 @entity1 undergoing LT were enrolled in our study. Clinicopathological data were retrospectively collected and reviewed. Peritransplant @entity13615 and the change of @entity13615 (2 week, 1 month, 3 month post-LT) were carefully monitored. All potential risk factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Over a mean follow-up of 35.9 months, 120 recurrences and 89 @entity204 were recorded. In the multivariate analysis, @entity157 with @entity13615 no recovery at 1 month after LT(P<0.001), high pretransplant @entity160 (P=0.010), total @entity5 size >8cm(P=0.003), beyond Milan criteria(P<0.001) were four independent risk factors for @entity157 recurrence. For overall survival( @entity3012 ) after LT, @entity13615 no recovery at 1 month after LT(P=0.003), total @entity5 size >8cm(P=0.011), pretransplant albumin <2.8g/dl (P=0.049), MELD score >15(P=0.017), beyond Milan criteria(P=0.001) were significantly related to poor @entity3012 . When subgroup analyses were performed according to the Milan criteria, the results showed that the recovery of @entity13615 at 1 month after LT still indicated longer recurrence-free survival( @entity4434 )(P<0.001) and @entity3012 (P=0.005) beyond Milan criteria as well as @entity4434 ( P<0.001) within Milan criteria, but not @entity3012 (P=0.157) within Milan criteria. CONCLUSIONS: @entity13615 recovery at 1 month after LT indicated favorable outcomes of @entity157 @entity1 .

title: Absolute Lymphocyte Count Recovery at 1 month After Transplantation Predicts Favorable Outcomes of XXXX With @entity157 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancies']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: The differential diagnosis of @entity13836 and @entity3039 ( @entity3039 ) may be difficult owing to the similarities in their clinical and laboratory presentations, but it is important because of dissimilarities in their management and prognosis. We investigated two families with @entity13836 and granulocyte inclusion. The probands of both families presented with mild @entity548 tendency, @entity13836 , normal bone marrow, and increased percentages of platelet-associated immunoglobulin G (IgG) and reticulated platelets. @entity3039 had been misdiagnosed in both @entity1 initially. Both probands failed to respond to @entity134 therapy. Family study revealed an autosomal dominant pattern of heredity in both families, with absence of @entity3686 -like features ( @entity393 , @entity231 , and @entity1986 ). All @entity882 family members showed blue cytoplasmic inclusions in neutrophils on peripheral blood smears. Ultrastructurally, distinct granulocyte inclusions comprising clusters of rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and polysomes were detected, without the presence of parallel filaments. The clinical, laboratory, and hereditary findings were consistent with a diagnosis of @entity16611 in both families. In conclusion, caution should be exercised when interpreting the percentages of platelet-associated IgG in @entity882 @entity1 , as overinterpretation may lead to misdiagnosis of @entity13836 as @entity3039 . Family history is important, as @entity3039 is rare, and careful examination of blood smears is essential.

title: XXXX with granulocyte inclusion: a clinical and laboratory problem.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['congenital cataract']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenic']

entities_list: @entity13836 :: ('MESH:C564525', 'Disease') :: ['macrothrombocytopenia', 'familial macrothrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3686 :: ('MESH:D009394', 'Disease') :: ["Alport's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity16611 :: ('MESH:C535507', 'Disease') :: ['Sebastian platelet syndrome']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1986 :: ('MESH:D009395', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial nephritis']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['familial ITP', 'ITP', 'idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing impairment']

answer: @entity13836 :: (MESH:C564525,Disease) :: ['Familial macrothrombocytopenia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and @entity137 of @entity136 ( @entity136 ) in previously untreated @entity1 with @entity1606 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Forty-one @entity1 with measurable @entity1606 who had received no prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease were scheduled to receive @entity136 1,200 mg/m2 intravenously over 30 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced disease was allowed if this was completed greater than 1 year prior to study entry. All @entity1 were treated on an outpatient basis. RESULTS: There were three complete responses and six partial responses seen in 37 assessable @entity1 , for an overall response rate of nine of 37 (24.3%; 95% confidence interval, 12 to 41). Four @entity1 remain in remission at 14, 23, 24, and 31 months. The median survival was 8 months with 17% of @entity1 alive at 2 years. Treatment generally was well-tolerated with three @entity1 having > or = grade 3 nonhematologic @entity137 , five having grade 3 @entity1398 , two having grade 3 @entity882 , and two episodes of @entity1398 . Most @entity1 were able to receive the drug as scheduled with the primary reason for dose reduction or dose delay being @entity1398 . CONCLUSION: @entity136 has promising single-agent activity against @entity5 with a favorable @entity137 profile. Further studies in combination with other active agents are warranted.

title: @entity136 : a promising new agent in the treatment of advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial cancer']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['advanced transitional cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine', "2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine"]

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['urothelial cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the short-term clinical results of transplanting of cultivated corneal/limbal epithelial cells on @entity1 amniotic membrane (AM) for @entity942 . DESIGN: Noncomparative, retrospective interventional case series. @entity1 : Thirteen eyes of 13 @entity1 with severe @entity942 ( @entity6715 in @entity735 , ocular cicatricial pemphigoid in three eyes, and @entity11350 ) were treated at the department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College, Japan. INTERVENTION: Cultivated allo-limbal epithelium was transplanted onto the ocular surface of @entity1 with severe @entity942 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Ocular surface reconstruction with corneal epithelialization, changes in visual acuity, and @entity260 were studied. Histologic examinations were also performed on cultivated epithelium. RESULTS: Cultivated corneal epithelium on AM formed two to three layers with the formation of basement membrane-like structures. After the surgery, the epithelium regenerated and covered the ocular surface in @entity735 (61.5%). However, three of the @entity735 developed partial conjunctival invasion, and two eyes later developed epithelial defects. At last examination, corneal epithelialization was achieved in six eyes (46.2%). Five eyes had conjunctivalization, one eye had @entity735 was not epithelialized. Complications were @entity735 and @entity735 . CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that the success rate for transplanting cultivated allo-limbal epithelium on the AM is not different from the conventional limbal and AM transplantation for the treatment of severe limbal stem cell dysfunction.

title: Transplantation of XXXX limbal epithelium cultivated on amniotic membrane for the treatment of severe ocular surface disorders.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity6715 :: ('MESH:D013262', 'Disease') :: ['Stevens-Johnson syndrome']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['infectious keratitis in two eyes', 'eight eyes', 'dermal epithelialization, and one eye', 'corneal perforation in four eyes']

entities_list: @entity11350 :: ('MESH:D005126', 'Disease') :: ['chemical burns in two eyes']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['limbal deficiency']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']