abstract: UNASSIGNED: 1538 Background: @entity6677 mellitus, a state of @entity413 intolerance associated with pregnancy is increasing in prevalence. Data regarding the risk associated with @entity6677 is sparse and conflicting. The current study was conducted to examine the risk of incident over-all and site-specific @entity5 associated with a history of @entity6 in a historical cohort study of @entity1 in Maccabi Healthcare Services, a large health maintenance organization in Israel. METHODS: All @entity1 aged 15 to 50 years who underwent 50g @entity413 challenge tests between March 13, 1995 and May 27, 2009, without history of @entity5 , @entity6 or @entity249 were included. Clinical and demographic parameters at index date including age, socioeconomic level, BMI and parity were collected. @entity6677 was based on the 100g oral @entity413 tolerance test using the standard Carpenter _ Coustan criteria. The main endpoint of the study was a diagnosis of @entity5 obtained from the Israel Cancer Register through linkage data. RESULTS: Among the 185,315 @entity1 who had undergone @entity413 challenge during the study period, 11,264 (6.1%) were diagnosed with gestational @entity6 . During a total follow-up period of 1.05 million @entity1 years, 2034 incident cases of @entity5 were identified. GDM was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 7.12 (95% CI: 1.71-29.67) for @entity788 and a HR of 1.69 (95% CI: 0.96-2.97) for @entity1583 . The association between GDM and @entity1583 was limited to @entity1 with five or more years of follow-up (HR=4.43; 1.79-10.96). CONCLUSIONS: @entity6677 mellitus is strongly associated with an increased long-term risk of @entity788 and probably with @entity1583 .

title: @entity6677 and risk of incident primary XXXX : A large population-based cohort study in Israel.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'person']

entities_list: @entity6677 :: ('MESH:D016640', 'Disease') :: ['Diagnosis of gestational diabetes', 'Gestational diabetes']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['gestational diabetes mellitus', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancy', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic malignancies', 'hematological malignancies']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate the association between guideline recommended drugs and @entity204 in older adults with multiple chronic conditions. DESIGN: Population based cohort study. SETTING: Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey cohort, a nationally representative sample of Americans aged 65 years or more. @entity1 : 8578 older adults with two or more study chronic conditions ( @entity955 , @entity453 , @entity308 , @entity6 , @entity712 , @entity407 , @entity101 , and @entity1031 ), followed through 2011. EXPOSURES: Drugs included b blockers, @entity460 channel blockers, @entity1397 , @entity2449 , renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers; selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin @entity1063 reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs); statins; @entity7206 ; and @entity1229 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Adjusted hazard ratios for @entity204 among @entity1 with a condition and taking a guideline recommended drug relative to @entity1 with the condition not taking the drug and among @entity1 with the most common combinations of four conditions. RESULTS: Over 50% of @entity1 with each condition received the recommended drugs regardless of coexisting conditions; 1287/8578 (15%) @entity1 died during the three years of follow-up. Among cardiovascular drugs, b blockers, @entity460 channel blockers, RAS blockers, and @entity6817 were associated with reduced mortality for indicated conditions. For example, the adjusted hazard ratio for b blockers was 0.59 (95% confidence interval 0.48 to 0.72) for @entity1 with @entity955 and 0.68 (0.57 to 0.81) for those with @entity712 . The adjusted hazard ratios for cardiovascular drugs were similar to those with common combinations of four coexisting conditions, with trends toward variable effects for b blockers. None of @entity1397 , @entity2449 , or SSRIs/SNRIs was associated with reduced mortality. @entity1229 was associated with a reduced risk of @entity204 among those with @entity955 (adjusted hazard ratio 0.69, 95% confidence interval 0.56 to 0.85) and @entity1031 (0.44, 0.30 to 0.62). Attenuation in the association with reduced risk of @entity204 was found with @entity1229 in @entity1 with some combinations of coexisting conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Average effects on survival, particularly for cardiovascular study drugs, were comparable to those reported in randomized controlled trials but varied for some drugs according to coexisting conditions. Determining treatment effects in combinations of conditions may guide prescribing in @entity1 with multiple chronic conditions.

title: Association between guideline recommended drugs and XXXX in older adults with multiple chronic conditions: population based cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic disease']

entities_list: @entity7206 :: ('MESH:D049971', 'Chemical') :: ['thiazides']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin', 'Warfarin']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['metformin']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6948 is an alpha2-adrenergic agonist that causes sleep-like sedation and mild @entity1337 without @entity7908 or @entity1576 , and has relative @entity65 . Due to these properties, it may be an effective agent for prolonged use in the sedation of @entity1 in the paediatric cardiothoracic intensive care unit. We reviewed our experience with the drug to detail its safety and efficacy. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all @entity1 who received @entity6948 over a six month period in a dedicated paediatric cardiothoracic intensive care unit. @entity1 were identified from pharmacy records showing administration of drugs. We collected demographic data, information relating to doses of @entity6948 , physiologic parameters, and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: We identified 54 @entity1 who received the drug. The median age of recipients was 6 months, with a range from 1 day to 16 years. The mean duration of administration was 37.3 hours, with a range from 2 to 177 hours. The mean duration of continuation of administration after extubation was 16.7 hours, with a range from zero to 112.5 hours. Physiologically, there were no clinically significant changes in mean arterial pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, or saturations of @entity26 before, during, or after utilization of the drug. Use of @entity6948 significantly reduced the need to administer narcotics, and scores using the COMFORT system were not different between @entity1 who received @entity6948 and those who did not. CONCLUSIONS: In this limited and retrospective review, @entity6948 was found to be safe and efficacious. Its use as a sedative agent for extended periods of time in critically-ill @entity1 deserves investigation in a prospective and controlled manner.

title: Prolonged use of XXXX in the paediatric cardiothoracic intensive care unit.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory depression']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine', 'Dexmedetomidine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular stability']

answer: @entity6948 :: (MESH:D020927,Chemical) :: ['dexmedetomidine']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Increasing arterial @entity26 partial pressure ( @entity4095 ) by breathing hyperoxic gases is an effective means of improving @entity5 oxygenation, although the efficacy of adding @entity515 to the inspiratory gas has been discussed controversially. This study aimed at analyzing the impact of different inspiratory @entity515 fractions on the time course of oxygenation and perfusion changes in experimental @entity5 during and after inspiratory @entity871 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Perfusion and oxygenation of @entity35 DS- @entity242 were studied during spontaneous breathing of pure @entity26 or hyperoxic gas mixtures containing different @entity515 fractions (1, 2.5 or 5%). Red blood cell (RBC) flux was assessed as a measure of @entity5 perfusion using the laser Doppler technique and temporal changes in mean @entity5 @entity4095 were measured polarographically. RESULTS: Mean @entity5 @entity4095 increased 3.6-fold with pure @entity26 , approx. 3.3-fold when 1 or 2.5% @entity515 was added and 2.7-fold during @entity15436 breathing. RBC flux also increased by 25-30% with all gases. With pure @entity26 and with 1% @entity515 (+99% O2), perfusion changes paralleled those of the mean arterial blood pressure whereas with higher @entity515 fractions, a decrease in resistance to flow was observed. The differences found with the various gas mixtures were more pronounced after the end of @entity871 . With pure @entity26 , perfusion immediately returned to pretreatment values whereas with higher @entity515 fractions perfusion remained elevated for at least 30 min. CONCLUSIONS: Higher inspiratory @entity515 fractions (2.5 or 5%) lead to a prolonged improvement of @entity5 perfusion after the end of inspiratory @entity871 when compared with pure @entity26 breathing. Since no principal differences in oxygenation and perfusion were seen between the gases containing 2.5 and 5% @entity515 , the former may be preferable for inspiratory @entity871 .

title: Dynamics of @entity5 oxygenation and red blood cell flux in response to inspiratory XXXX combined with different levels of inspiratory hypercapnia.

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity871 :: ('MESH:D018496', 'Disease') :: ['hyperoxia']

answer: @entity871 :: (MESH:D018496,Disease) :: ['hyperoxia']


abstract: Smoking is the most important cardiovascular (CV) risk factor. Stopping smoking halves the CV risk. Every clinician should provide a brief intervention with smokers. Intensive treatment should be available to those who need it. There are 37 Centers for @entity286 @entity734 in the Czech Republic, which offer treatment including a psychobehavioral intervention and pharmacotherapy ( @entity4006 , @entity1239 , @entity752 ). Czech physicians, pharmacists and nurses are regularly educated about smoking cessation. We describe the results of intensive treatment offered by our centers. Treatment includes screening (1 h), an intervention (2 h), and follow-up visits during the next 12 months. Among 3532 @entity1 , 34.3 % had CO-validated abstinence at 12-months (including 489 @entity1 who attended the screening visit + only the 12-month follow up visit). Among @entity1 who underwent the intervention, the abstinence rate was 38.2 %. The majority of @entity1 who underwent the intervention (N=2470) used some form of pharmacotherapy. After one year, the abstinence rate was 43.4 %, compared to 15.9 % (N=573) without pharmacotherapy. Only 28 % of @entity1 came on the recommendation of a physician. Despite the decrease in CV risk following smoking cessation and the effectiveness of treatment, centers are underutilized.

title: @entity286 XXXX , the most important cardiovascular risk factor: treatment in the Czech Republic.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4006 :: ('MESH:C500838', 'Chemical') :: ['varenicline']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity752 :: ('MESH:D016642', 'Chemical') :: ['bupropion']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['Dependence']

answer: @entity734 :: (MESH:D019966,Disease) :: ['dependence']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pandoraea spp. are recently discovered bacteria, mainly recovered from @entity1577 ( @entity1577 ) @entity1 , but their epidemiology and clinical significance are not well known. We describe an epidemic spread of Pandoraea pulmonicola from 2009 in our @entity1577 center, involving 6 out of 243 @entity1577 @entity1 . METHODS: Bacterial identification used amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), @entity11298 mass spectrometry (MALDI- @entity11298 MS) and 16S rDNA gene sequencing. The clonal link between strains was assessed with pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) using XbaI. Clinical data were gathered for all @entity1 . RESULTS: The index case was chronically colonized since 2000. The main hypothesis for this bacterial spread was a droplet cross-transmission, due to preventive measures not being strictly followed. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed resistance to @entity7660 , @entity2177 and @entity3273 . However, there was susceptibility to @entity206 - @entity207 . All @entity1 were chronically colonized with @entity796 , and the acquisition of P. pulmonicola resulted in chronic colonization in all @entity1 . Three @entity1 died, and two @entity1 remained clinically stable, whereas one @entity1 had a decline in lung function. CONCLUSIONS: This study, which is the first to describe an epidemic spread of P. pulmonicola, notes the potential transmissibility of this bacterial species and the need for infection control measures.

title: Epidemic spread of Pandoraea pulmonicola in a XXXX center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3273 :: ('MESH:D003091', 'Chemical') :: ['colistin']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity7660 :: ('MESH:D047090', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactams']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'cystic fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

answer: @entity1577 :: (MESH:D003550,Disease) :: ['cystic fibrosis']


abstract: @entity2315 ( @entity2315 ), as a group, are among the most common @entity74 affecting @entity1 . The primary defect is typically a @entity74 of one of the lysosomal enzymes, often causing accumulation of undegraded substrates within the lysosome. This accumulation causes numerous secondary effects that contribute to the disease phenotype. Viral-mediated @entity74 ( @entity74 ) can supply a persistent source of the deficient enzyme. However, with some notable exceptions, @entity74 has been only modestly successful as a single approach. Recently, various therapies have been combined in order to more effectively target the diverse pathogenic mechanisms at work in @entity2315 . One strategy that has shown promise involves providing a persistent source of the deficient enzyme ( @entity74 , stem cell transplantation) while targeting a secondary consequence of disease with a more transient approach (substrate reduction, anti-inflammatories, pharmacological mimetic, etc.). This general strategy has resulted in both additive and synergistic effects. Interestingly, some therapeutic approaches by themselves provide essentially no clinical benefit but contribute greatly to the overall efficacy when used in combination with other treatments. Unfortunately, no therapeutic combination is universally effective. This adds to the difficulty in predicting and identifying combinations that will be most effective for individual @entity2315 . A better understanding of both pathogenic and therapeutic mechanisms is necessary in order to identify potentially successful combinations. While a single treatment would be ideal, the complex nature of these diseases may unavoidably limit the efficacy of single therapies. In order to more successfully treat @entity2315 , a shift in focus towards a combination therapy may be necessary.

title: Combination therapies for XXXX : is the whole greater than the sum of its parts?

entities_list: @entity2315 :: ('MESH:D016464', 'Disease') :: ['Lysosomal storage diseases', 'LSDs']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['inherited diseases', 'gene therapy', 'genetic deficiency', 'GT']

answer: @entity2315 :: (MESH:D016464,Disease) :: ['lysosomal storage disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2258 is the most frequent form of @entity55 . We herein assessed the effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) in the prevention of @entity55 overall in @entity309 ( @entity309 ) @entity1 at risk for @entity281 . We hypothesized that PPSV23 vaccination is superior in preventing @entity2258 compared with placebo in @entity309 @entity1 . METHODS: A prospective, multicenter, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled (1:1) trial was conducted across departments of rheumatology in Japanese National Hospital Organization hospitals. @entity309 @entity1 (n   =   900) who had been treated with biological or immunosuppressive agents were randomly assigned PPSV23 or placebo ( @entity2827 ). The primary endpoints were the incidences of all-cause @entity55 and @entity2258 . The secondary endpoint was death from @entity2258 , all-cause @entity55 , or other causes. Cox regression models were used to estimate the risk of @entity55 overall for the placebo group compared with the vaccine group. RESULTS: Seventeen (3.7%) of 464 @entity1 in the vaccine group and 15 (3.4%) of 436 @entity1 in the placebo group developed @entity55 . There was no difference in the rates of @entity55 between the two study groups. The overall rate of @entity55 was 21.8 per 1000 @entity1 -years for @entity1 with @entity309 . The presence of @entity401 (hazard ratio: 3.601, 95% confidence interval: 1.547-8.380) was associated with an increased risk of @entity55 in @entity309 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: PPSV23 does not prevent against @entity55 overall in @entity309 @entity1 at relative risk for @entity281 . Our results also confirm that the presence of @entity401 is associated with @entity55 in Japanese @entity1 with @entity309 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: UMIN-CTR UMIN000009566 . Registered 17 December 2012.

title: The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in @entity1 with XXXX : a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial lung disease', 'interstitial pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2258 :: ('MESH:D011018', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal pneumonia', 'Pneumococcal pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2827 :: ('MESH:D012965', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium chloride']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Volumetric analysis of the olfactory cleft by using computed tomography has been associated with olfaction in @entity1 with @entity102 ( @entity102 ). However, existing studies have not comprehensively measured olfaction, and it thus remains unknown whether correlations differ across specific dimensions of odor perception. OBJECTIVE: To use comprehensive measures of @entity1 -reported and objective olfaction to evaluate the relationship between volumetric olfactory cleft opacification and olfaction. METHODS: Olfaction in @entity1 with @entity102 was evaluated by using "Sniffin' Sticks" tests and a modified version of the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders. Olfactory cleft opacification was quantified by using two- and three-dimensional, computerized volumetric analysis. Correlations between olfactory metrics and olfactory cleft opacification were then calculated. RESULTS: The overall @entity102 cohort included 26 @entity1 without @entity1412 (CRSsNP) (68.4%) and 12 @entity1 with @entity1412 (CRSwNP) (31.6%). Across the entire cohort, total olfactory cleft opacification was 82.8%, with greater opacification in the CRSwNP subgroup compared with CRSsNP (92.3 versus 78.4%, p < 0.001). The percent total volume opacification correlated with the total Sniffin' Sticks score (r = -0.568, p < 0.001) as well as individual threshold, discrimination, and identification scores (p < 0.001 for all). Within the CRSwNP subgroup, threshold (r = -0.616, p = 0.033) and identification (r = -0.647, p = 0.023) remained highly correlated with total volume opacification. In @entity1 with CRSsNP, the threshold correlated with total volume scores (r = -0.457, p = 0.019), with weaker and nonsignificant correlations for discrimination and identification. Correlations between total volume opacification and the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders were qualitatively similar to objective olfactory findings in both CRSwNP (r = -0.566, p = 0.070) and CRSsNP (r = -0.310, p = 0.141) subgroups, although neither reached significance. When examined by two-dimensional planes, the percent opacification of the anterior plane had the strongest correlations with objective olfaction. CONCLUSION: Olfactory cleft opacification correlated with objective measures of olfaction in @entity1 with @entity102 , which correlated with threshold values in @entity1 with CRSsNP and all dimensions of olfaction in those with CRSwNP.

title: Olfactory cleft computed tomography analysis and olfaction in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['nasal polyposis']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic rhinosinusitis', 'CRS']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic rhinosinusitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The influence of bile reflux in the development of @entity420 remains controversial. This was tested in a cohort of @entity1 who had undergone gastrectomy, a procedure often entailed by substantial bile reflux. METHODS: A population-based cohort study of @entity1 who had undergone gastrectomy for peptic @entity1066 in 1964-2008 in Sweden. Follow-up for @entity5 and censoring for death were achieved through linkages to nationwide registries of @entity5 and Population, respectively. The number of observed @entity5 cases in the gastrectomy cohort was divided by the expected number, calculated from the incidence of the entire Swedish population of corresponding age, sex and calendar year. Relative risks were thus presented as standardised incidence ratios with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: After exclusion of all @entity1 -years the first year after surgery, the final gastrectomy cohort comprised of 19,767 @entity1 . These @entity1 were followed up for a median of 17 years, and contributed with a total of 348,231 @entity1 -years at risk. The observed number of @entity1 with @entity420 (n=7) was not higher than the expected (n=11.6), providing a standardised incidence ratio of 0.6 (95%CI 0.2-1.2). There were no clear differences between sexes, age groups or latency intervals after gastrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Gastrectomy for peptic @entity1066 does not appear to increase the risk of @entity420 .

title: The risk of XXXX after gastrectomy for peptic @entity1066 .

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer disease']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['oesophageal adenocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that @entity1 with @entity162 from the United States have an earlier age of onset and a more difficult course of @entity221 than those from Germany and the Netherlands. These characteristics were related to a greater family burden of @entity146 and the experience of more psychosocial adversity in childhood. We hypothesized that this greater @entity221 burden would extend to the offspring of the @entity10479 @entity1 . METHODS: 968 outpatients (average age 41) with @entity162 gave informed consent for participation in a treatment outcome network and filled out a detailed questionnaire about their @entity221 and family history of @entity221 , including whether their offspring had a diagnosis of @entity308 , @entity162 , @entity285 or substance abuse, suicide attempt or "other" @entity221 . Of those with @entity1 , 356 were from the @entity10479 and 132 were from Europe. RESULTS: Compared to the Europeans, offspring of @entity1 from the @entity10479 had significantly (p<0.001) more @entity308 , @entity162 , @entity734 , and "other" illnesses. The number of illnesses in the offspring was related to the @entity162 parent being from the @entity10479 , having had childhood adversity, more than 20 prior episodes, and more parental @entity146 . CONCLUSIONS: While the findings are limited by their basis on self report, the distribution of the percentages in the @entity10479 offspring are similar to those of Axelson et al. (2015) who used direct interviews. The higher burden of @entity221 in the offspring and their in direct progenitors from the @entity10479 compared to Europe warrant new attempts at better treatment and prevention.

title: More @entity221 in offspring of XXXX @entity1 from the U.S. compared to Europe.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder', 'bipolar illness', 'bipolar']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric illness']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug abuse']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar']


abstract: BACKGROUND: No previous study has assessed the role of @entity8 in predicting the long-term risk of @entity955 recurrence after cardioversion. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-nine consecutive @entity1 with persistent @entity955 undergoing successful cardioversion were enrolled. Renal function was assessed based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at baseline and during follow-up. @entity1 were prospectively followed up for eGFR and recurrence of @entity955 up to 1 year. RESULTS: @entity1 were divided into 4 groups based upon their eGFR (group 1 >90 mL/min: 33 @entity1 , group 2: 60-90 mL/min: 55 @entity1 , group 3: 30-59 mL/min: 53 @entity1 , group 4: <30 mL/min: 18 @entity1 ). Overall, 101 out of 159 (64%) @entity1 experienced @entity955 recurrence within 1 year follow-up. @entity955 recurrence was independently associated with the level of reduction of eGFR at baseline (eGFR < 30 mL/min: hazard ratio [HR] 6.82, P < 0.001; eGFR 30-59 mL/min: HR 3.31, P = 0.01; eGFR 60-90 mL/min: HR 2.10, P = 0.13; eGFR > 90 mL/min reference group). In @entity1 with maintained sinus rhythm after 12-month follow-up eGFR was increased (8.46    9.49 mL/min [range -7 to 43]), whereas @entity1 with @entity955 recurrence showed a decrease in eGFR over time (-5.75    9.4 [range -32 to 25], P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Among a group of @entity1 with persistent @entity955 undergoing successful cardioversion, @entity8 (based on estimated GFR) was associated with an increased risk of @entity955 recurrence. Maintenance of sinus rhythm was associated with improvement in eGFR in @entity1 with mild or moderate @entity177 .

title: XXXX and @entity955 recurrence following cardioversion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment', 'impaired renal function']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'Atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Renal dysfunction']


abstract: Opioids have been implicated in @entity4998 and in the regulation of reproductive behavior and endocrinology of mammals. Previous studies have indicated that @entity172 administration in adults regulates preproenkephalin MRNA levels in several hypothalamic brain nuclei. We have determined preproenkephalin mRNA levels in @entity172 -treated juvenile male and female @entity35 to investigate the developmental pattern of estrogenic regulation of enkephalinergic neurons in the medial preoptic area. @entity35 were treated with @entity4520 (20 microgram/kg/day) or oil from day 21 to 23. Sections of the medial preoptic area (mPOA) were studied by in situ hybridization histochemistry at the single cell level and quantified with the assistance of an image analysis system. Our data indicate that males contain higher levels of preproenkephalin mRNA per neuron than females. In addition, our results indicate that @entity172 causes an upward shift in the amount of mRNA expressed per cell, females demonstrating a greater response to @entity172 than males. An increase in soma cell area following @entity172 treatment was observed only in female mPOA enkephalinergic neurons. Taken together, these results indicate a sex difference in total @entity18812 levels and in estrogenic regulation of preproenkephalin mRNA in the POA of juvenile @entity35 . These results are discussed in relation to the differential role opioids may play in male and female reproductive physiology.

title: Sex differences in estrogenic regulation of preproenkephalin mRNA levels in the medial preoptic area of prepubertal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity4998 :: ('MESH:D012734', 'Disease') :: ['sexual differentiation of the brain']

entities_list: @entity18812 :: ('MESH:C033660', 'Chemical') :: ['preproenkephalin']

entities_list: @entity4520 :: ('MESH:C074283', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol benzoate']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECT: Presentation of a 34-year-old pregnant @entity1 with skew deviation due to peripheral @entity394 caused by @entity6324 . METHODS: A multidisciplinary approach (neuroophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, neuroradiology) revealed the diagnosis of @entity5528 . CASE REPORT: The @entity1 presented with @entity158 of the left ear, associated with a rotatory vertigo and @entity393 . Otorhinolaryngological examination showed a unilateral peripheral vestibular loss, a @entity346 towards the unaffected right side, no @entity2103 and a left perception @entity393 , mainly in the frequencies between 2-6 KHz. The @entity1 was treated with Zovirax IV. Neuroradiological examination (MRI without contrast) revealed no abnormalities. @entity892 from skew deviation was noted +/- 10 days after onset of @entity6324 . Neuroophthalmological and orthoptic examination showed a comitant right @entity15170 of 6 diopters and a spontaneous @entity346 to the right. CONCLUSION: Skew deviation can be caused by a sudden unilateral cochleo-vestibular loss as described by A.B. Safran. (4,6,7,8).

title: @entity892 from skew deviation in XXXX . A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity15170 :: ('MESH:D013285', 'Disease') :: ['hypertropia']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity5528 :: ('MESH:C535287', 'Disease') :: ['Ramsey-Hunt syndrome']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['nystagmus']

entities_list: @entity6324 :: ('MESH:D016697', 'Disease') :: ['herpes zoster oticus']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful herpes zoster vesicles']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['Vertical diplopia']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity394 :: ('MESH:D015837', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular dysfunction']

answer: @entity5528 :: (MESH:C535287,Disease) :: ['Ramsey-Hunt syndrome']


abstract: Delayed @entity137 after whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) is of increasing concern in @entity1 who survive more than one year with brain @entity3 from @entity0 . Radiation-related @entity62 is detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and has been correlated with @entity149 . This study assessed the risk of developing @entity62 ( @entity62 ) in @entity0 @entity1 who underwent either WBRT plus stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or SRS alone. We retrospectively compared 35 @entity1 with @entity0 who received WBRT and SRS to 30 @entity1 who only received SRS. All @entity1 had evaluable imaging at a median of one year after their initial management. The development of white matter T2 prolongation as detected by T2 or FLAIR imaging was graded: grade 1  =  little or no white matter T2 hyperintensity; grade 2  =  limited periventricular hyperintensity; and grade 3  =  diffuse white matter hyperintensity. After WBRT plus SRS, @entity1 demonstrated a significantly higher incidence of @entity62 (p  <  0.0001). After one year, 71.5  % of @entity1 whose treatment included WBRT demonstrated @entity62 (42.9  % grade 2; 28.6  % grade 3). Only one @entity1 receiving only SRS developed @entity62 . In long-term survivors of @entity0 , the risk of @entity62 was significantly reduced when SRS alone was used for management. Further prospective studies are necessary to determine how these findings correlate with @entity137 . WBRT usage as initial management of limited @entity75 should be replaced by SRS alone to reduce the risk of delayed @entity62 .

title: White matter changes in XXXX @entity1 who undergo radiosurgery alone compared to whole brain radiation therapy plus radiosurgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'neurocognitive toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer brain metastases', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain disease']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['neurocognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['WMC', 'white matter changes', 'white matter toxicity']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer brain metastases']


abstract: 631 @entity1 treated with @entity17286 were evaluated for adverse reactions. @entity17286 doses ranged from 37-714 mg/kg/day (mean 260 mg/kg/day) and duration of treatment ranged from 1 to 276 days (mean 11.1 days). 82% of @entity1 were treated for more than 7 days. 92 (14.6%) experienced @entity262 and 20 @entity1 (3.2%) experienced local adverse reactions. @entity56 , manifest by @entity221 , cutaneous reactions, or @entity1712 occurred in 0.3, 1.8 and 1.1%, respectively. @entity1371 developed in 0.5% overall and was dose and duration related. Hepatotoxicity occurred in 1.7%, @entity294 in 1.9% and @entity1431 in 0.3%. Nephrotoxicity, expressed as elevated serum @entity1011 , was seen in 0.5%. @entity548 was seen in one group of @entity1 that received cefamandole concomitantly. As these complications were not seen in other @entity1 , these complications are probably due to @entity5503 . In comparison with @entity4967 , @entity7911 , @entity3400 , and @entity3401 , a similar number and severity of adverse reactions were seen. Although the incidence of certain adverse reactions may be underestimated due to the short duration of therapy, @entity17286 appears to be exceptionally safe and well tolerated.

title: The safety and tolerance of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity5503 :: ('MESH:D002435', 'Chemical') :: ['cefamandole']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Bleeding']

entities_list: @entity17286 :: ('MESH:D001390', 'Chemical') :: ['azlocillin', 'Azlocillin']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic']

entities_list: @entity7911 :: ('MESH:D002228', 'Chemical') :: ['carbenicillin']

entities_list: @entity3401 :: ('MESH:D008802', 'Chemical') :: ['mezlocillin']

entities_list: @entity1371 :: ('MESH:D007008', 'Disease') :: ['Hypokalemia']

entities_list: @entity4967 :: ('MESH:D013982', 'Chemical') :: ['ticarcillin']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['Hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity3400 :: ('MESH:D010878', 'Chemical') :: ['piperacillin']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['drug fever']

answer: @entity17286 :: (MESH:D001390,Chemical) :: ['azlocillin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the respective effects of @entity1875 and emulsified @entity5161 administered alone and in combination with @entity6948 on the quality of induction of anesthesia, physiological variables and recovery in @entity235 . STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, experimental trial. ANIMALS: Thirty-six adult mixed-breed @entity235 . METHODS: Animals were randomly assigned to one of four induction protocols: @entity1875 alone (group P); emulsified @entity5161 alone (group EI); both @entity1875 and @entity6948 (group @entity1726 ), or both emulsified @entity5161 and @entity6948 (group EID). Pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (fR ), @entity551 and arterial blood gases were measured at baseline, before induction, immediately after intubation (time  0), and at 5  minute intervals until the @entity235 began to swallow and the @entity825 was extubated. The quality of induction and recovery, and degree of @entity2055 were scored by a single investigator unaware of group assignment. The durations of anesthesia and recovery, and the incidence of adverse events were recorded. RESULTS: There were no clinically significant differences among the groups in induction quality. Systolic arterial pressure was lower in EID compared with P at 5  minutes. PR and fR were lower in @entity1726 and EID compared with P after induction. The PaCO2 at 5  minutes was higher than at baseline in group P. @entity2055 score was lower in EID than in P. Time from induction to extubation and time from extubation to sternal recumbency were lower in EID compared with @entity1726 . CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: There were no clinically significant differences among the groups in induction quality. In @entity1726 and EID, but not in P, PR and fR were decreased after induction. The EID combination resulted in smooth and rapid induction and recovery and thus may be useful clinically for induction of anesthesia.

title: Comparison of the effects of @entity1875 and emulsified XXXX alone or combined with @entity6948 on induction of anesthesia in @entity235 .

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['non-invasive arterial blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['ataxia', 'Ataxia']

answer: @entity5161 :: (MESH:D007530,Chemical) :: ['isoflurane']


abstract: Previous studies have shown that laparoscopic interventions are associated with increases in intracranial pressure. However, the consequences on cerebral blood flow (CBF) are unknown. This study investigates the effects of @entity544 ( @entity515 ) @entity516 on CBF in @entity1707 . Ten @entity1707 (weight, 20-26 kg) were anesthetized with 1.4% @entity5161 and @entity3575 (1 microg/kg per minute). Mechanical ventilation (fraction of inspired @entity26 = 0.4) was set to maintain normocapnia (end-tidal @entity515 tension = 35 mm Hg). Arterial and central venous catheters were placed for measurement of mean arterial blood pressure and central venous pressure. Bilateral internal carotid artery blood flow was measured using two transient time flow probes placed around both carotid arteries (with ligated external carotid arteries). Cortical and subcortical cerebral blood flow was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry. Sagittal sinus pressure was measured via a superior sagittal sinus catheter. After baseline measurements, the peritoneal cavity of the animals was insufflated with @entity515 to achieve an intraabdominal pressure of 12-mm Hg. After 10 minutes of stable @entity515 , @entity516 measurements were repeated. Increases in central venous pressure (6.3 +/- 2.1 to 11.1 +/- 3.0 mm Hg) and sagittal sinus pressure (8.0 +/- 2.8 to 11.9 +/- 3.0 mm Hg) were noted during @entity515 @entity516 (P < .05). Bilateral internal carotid artery blood flow (46.0 +/- 7.4 vs 47.7 +/- 7.1 mL/100g per minute), cortical CBF (263 +/- 115 vs 259 +/- 158 tissue perfusion units), and subcortical CBF (131 +/- 145 vs 133 +/- 149 tissue perfusion units) did not change during @entity515 @entity516 . The current data show that @entity515 @entity516 increases sagittal sinus pressure without changing CBF. Increases in sagittal sinus pressure are likely related to @entity4798 caused by increases in intraabdominal pressure.

title: Effects of @entity544 XXXX on cerebral hemodynamics in @entity1707 .

entities_list: @entity4798 :: ('MESH:D020520', 'Disease') :: ['decreases in cerebral venous drainage']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity516 :: ('MESH:D011027', 'Disease') :: ['pneumoperitoneum']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

answer: @entity516 :: (MESH:D011027,Disease) :: ['pneumoperitoneum']


abstract: Immunoglobulin G (IgG)-producing plasma cells are the predominant immunoglobulin secreting plasma cells in @entity1 @entity1548 , compared with immunoglobulin A- and immunoglobulin M-producing plasma cells. In this study, the cells expressing mRNA, that encoded the distinct IgG subclasses, were detected using an in situ hybridization technique in 25 periapical lesions. These lesions consisted of 14 periapical @entity738 and 11 @entity9530 . Four oligonucleotide probes were chemically synthesized from IgG subclass-specific hinge region genes to ensure specificity of the probes. Plasma cells expressing mRNA, which coded for the IgG subclasses, were detected in @entity406 -fixed/paraffin wax-embedded sections. Background staining was negligible in all of the sections tested. The in situ hybridization method used in this study was both specific and sensitive for the detection of mRNA encoding each of the four distinct IgG subclasses, whereas the cells retained good morphology. The relative proportions of plasma cells expressing each of the IgG subclass-specific mRNAs in both @entity738 and cysts were as follows: IgG1 (57.4 and 55.5%); IgG2 (34.1 and 34.6%); @entity3172 (4.0 and 4.3%); and IgG4 (4.0 and 5.5%). There were no significant differences between the percentages of plasma cells expressing each of the IgG subclass mRNAs between the two types of lesions. IgG1 producing plasma cells comprised the highest proportion of IgG-producing plasma cells in both types of @entity1548 . IgG2-producing plasma cells were next in abundance, followed by plasma cells for either @entity3172 or IgG4, which were in roughly equivalent numbers.

title: Relative distribution of plasma cells expressing immunoglobulin G subclass mRNA in @entity1 XXXX using in situ hybridization.

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity1548 :: ('MESH:D010483', 'Disease') :: ['dental periapical lesions', 'periapical lesion']

entities_list: @entity9530 :: ('MESH:D011842', 'Disease') :: ['radicular cysts']

answer: @entity1548 :: (MESH:D010483,Disease) :: ['dental periapical lesions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We developed clinical practice guidelines to assess the individual risk-benefit profile of @entity342 replacement therapy in adult @entity14136 (HG), defined by the presence of specific signs and symptoms and serum @entity251 (T) below 12  nmol/L. @entity1 : The task force consisted of eight clinicians experienced in treating HG, selected by the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE). The authors received no corporate funding or remuneration. CONSENSUS PROCESS: Consensus was guided by a systematic review of controlled trials conducted on @entity1 with a mean T  <  12  nmol/L and by interactive discussions. The guidelines were reviewed and sequentially approved by the SIE Guidelines Commission and Executive Committee. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend @entity1619 ( @entity1619 ) for adult @entity1 with severely reduced T levels (T  <  8  nmol/L) to improve body composition and sexual function. We suggest that @entity1619 be offered to subjects with T  <  12  nmol/L to improve glycaemic control, lipid profile, sexual function, bone mineral density, muscle mass and @entity308 , once major contraindications have been ruled out. We suggest that lifestyle changes and other available interventions (e.g. for @entity323 ) be suggested prior to @entity1619 . We suggest that @entity1619 should be combined with currently available treatments for individuals at high risk for complications, such as those with @entity170 and/or @entity209 . We recommend against using @entity1619 to improve cardiac outcome and limited mobility. We recommend against using @entity1619 in @entity1 with @entity263 , unstable cardiovascular conditions or elevated haematocrit. The task force places a high value on the timely treatment of younger and middle-aged subjects to prevent the long-term consequences of hypoandrogenism.

title: Outcomes of @entity342 replacement therapy in adult XXXX : recommendations from the Italian society of endocrinology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['TS', 'T supplementation']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disorders']

entities_list: @entity14136 :: ('MESH:D005058', 'Disease') :: ['male hypogonadism']

answer: @entity14136 :: (MESH:D005058,Disease) :: ['male hypogonadism']


abstract: Old world hantaviruses, causing @entity7594 ( @entity7594 ), still present a public health problem in Asia and Eastern Europe. The majority of cases has been recorded in China. The aim of our study was to generate @entity1 recombinant neutralizing antibodies to a hantavirus by phage display technology. To preserve the structural identity of viral protein, the panning procedure was performed on native @entity778 propagated in Vero-E6 cells. In total, five complete human recombinant IgG antibodies were produced in a baculovirus expression system. All of them were able to completely neutralize HTN, and Seoul (SEO) virus in a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Three of these antibodies could also completely neutralize Dobrava (DOB) virus but not Puumala (PUU) virus. All antibodies bind to @entity16363 G2 protein localized in the virus envelope. The sequence areas within the HTN (76-118)-G2 protein detected by five selected antibodies were mapped using peptide scans. Two partial epitopes, 916-KVMATIDSF-924 and 954-LVTKDIDFD-963, were recognized, which presumably are of paramount importance for docking of the virus to host cell receptors. A consensus motif 916-KVXATIXSF-924 could be identified by mutational analysis. The neutralizing antibodies to the most widely distributed hantaviruses causing @entity7594 might be promising candidates for the development of an agent for prevention and treatment of @entity7594 in @entity1 .

title: XXXX recombinant neutralizing antibodies against @entity16363 G2 protein.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7594 :: ('MESH:D006480', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome', 'HFRS']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Many US adults have multiple chronic conditions, and @entity101 and @entity6 are among the most common dyads. @entity6 and @entity5710 prevalence are increasing, and both conditions negatively affect cardiovascular health. Early diagnosis and treatment of @entity6 and @entity5710 can benefit @entity1 with @entity101 by preventing @entity65 . METHODS: We analyzed 2011 Minnesota Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data to describe the proportion of adults with @entity101 screened for @entity6 according to US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations for blood @entity413 testing. Covariates associated with lower odds of recent screening among adults without @entity6 were determined using weighted logistic regression. RESULTS: Of Minnesota adults with self-reported @entity101 , 19.6% had a diagnosis of @entity6 and 10.7% had a diagnosis of @entity5710 . Nearly one-third of adults with @entity101 without @entity6 had not received blood @entity413 screening in the past 3 years. Factors associated with greater odds of not being screened in multivariable models included being aged 18 to 44 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23-2.55); being nonobese, with stronger effects for normal body mass index; having no check-up in the past 2 years (AOR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.49-4.17); having @entity101 treated with medication (AOR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.49-2.71); and completing less than a college degree (AOR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.14-1.84). Excluding respondents with @entity5710 or those not receiving a check-up did not change the results. CONCLUSIONS: Failure to screen among providers and failure to understand the importance of screening among individuals with @entity101 may mean missed opportunities for early detection, clinical management, and prevention of @entity6 .

title: Blood XXXX screening rates among Minnesota adults with @entity101 , Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2011.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5710 :: ('MESH:D011236', 'Disease') :: ['prediabetes']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular complications']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: The goal of this study was to determine whether the EEG could predict if @entity1 with focal @entity410 would eventually be uncontrolled (U), more than two @entity410 per month, or be controlled (C), fewer than two @entity410 per year. Using these latter criteria, U and C @entity1 were randomly selected from our files, 150 in each of these two groups; 804 EEGs were found in the U and 674 in the C group. Excluded were @entity1 with @entity6191 and also the @entity302 of childhood. Age was an important factor since @entity1 5-18 yrs old were more often under good control (C group), and those 21-48 yrs of age were more often under poor control (U group). With rare exceptions, focal spikes and focal slow waves in every area were much more often seen in U @entity1 than C @entity1 . No spikes or rare spikes appeared especially in the controlled @entity1 , and many or very many spikes in the uncontrolled @entity1 , mainly on the first or second EEG. No slow waves or a mild degree of slowing was seen especially in the C @entity1 , while greater degrees of @entity73 were noted much more often in the U @entity1 . For conditions to identify the C group, the best predictors were no spikes or rare spikes, especially on the first or second EEG, properly identifying two-thirds of the C @entity1 and misidentifying only one-fourth of the U group. To identify the U @entity1 on any EEG, many or very many spikes at any location or frontal spikes correctly designated a U @entity1 in 84%, but incorrectly predicted a C @entity1 as uncontrolled in 29%. For the first or second EEG, these values were 61% and 21%. Thus, the EEG, especially by its first or second record, can predict well the probable future of the uncontrolled @entity1 , so that extraordinary means may be instituted early to avoid a deteriorating condition. When complete EEGs are done with sleep records and the results are quantified, reasonable prediction of eventual outcome can usually occur that is much more timely than waiting over 9 yrs, using only clinical data.

title: Focal XXXX and EEG: prognostic considerations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['slow wave abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['benign epilepsies']

entities_list: @entity6191 :: ('MESH:D004829', 'Disease') :: ['generalized epilepsy']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the variables determining morbidity, mortality and outcome in subjects with @entity867 treated at a single center over a 10-year period. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on a series of 59 @entity1 with @entity867 surgically treated with stereotactically guided aspiration or open craniotomy excision. Such variables as age, gender, clinical presentation, number of days to diagnosis, location, number of lesions, predisposing factors, mechanism of @entity281 , etiological agent, and therapy were analyzed independently. Complications were defined as any deviation from the normal postoperative course occurring within 30 days of surgery, and classified according to a four-point gradual severity scale. Postoperative outcome was appraised through the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) 6 months after surgery, 0-4 points were considered poor outcome and 5 points good outcome. RESULTS: Eighty abscesses were diagnosed and surgically managed in 59 @entity1 . The mean age was 44.69 years (range: 0.16-77); 59.3% were female. The median number of days to diagnosis was 7. Most frequent clinical presentations included @entity221 (52.5%), @entity10 (42.4%), and focal @entity51 (39%). Mechanism of @entity281 was mainly hematogenous spread (32.2%). Stereotactically guided aspiration was the treatment of choice for 74.6% of the @entity1 , whereas 25.4% of the cases were managed through open craniotomy excision. Outcome was favorable in 81.35% (n = 48) of the subjects. General morbidity was 27.1%, and mortality stood at 10.16%. Out of a total 38.98% (n = 23) of complications, two-thirds were due to medical causes. The analysis of variables revealed that only age (p = 0.02), immunosuppression (OR 5.83; p = 0.012) and hematogenous spread (p < 0.01) were associated with poor outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Immunosuppression, hematogenous spread and advanced age were predictors of poor prognosis. Most of the complications following @entity867 management were not directly related to surgery or surgical technique.

title: Supratentorial and infratentorial XXXX : surgical treatment, complications and outcomes--a 10-year single-center study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deficits']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity867 :: ('MESH:D001922', 'Disease') :: ['brain abscess', 'brain abscesses']

answer: @entity867 :: (MESH:D001922,Disease) :: ['brain abscesses']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity755 gene is characterised by numerous polymorphic sites, three of which (XbaI, EcoRI, SpIns/Del) are related to levels of total @entity165 (TC), low-density lipoproteins, @entity755 and tryglicerides, and to @entity453 ( @entity453 ) and/or @entity583 ( @entity583 ). Moreover, conflicting results emerge from literature. To assess how each polymorphism of the @entity755 gene was associated with @entity453 and @entity583 risk, we carried out a meta-analysis of all published studies. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty case-control studies were considered, for a total of 6077, 3870 and 11616 individuals, respectively, for XbaI, EcoRI and SpIns/Del polymorphisms. For each polymorphism we calculated the risk of @entity453 / @entity583 on the overall sample and for large and small studies separately. No evidence of increased risk emerged for XbaI polymorphism. Whereas, positive associations were detected for EcoRI, SpIns/Del and risk of @entity453 and @entity583 , with odds ratio (OR) of 1.73 (95% CI, 1.19-2.50) and 1.19 (95% CI, 1.05-1.35) for carriers of @entity5066 and @entity336 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the small size of most studies and the incomplete understanding of the effects of these polymorphisms on lipid metabolism and on final clinical implications, the findings suggest that EcoRI and SpIns/Del polymorphisms significantly increase the risk of @entity453 and @entity583 . Despite the rarity of the allelic variant of EcoRI polymorphism, its presence is strongly related to the occurrence of @entity453 / @entity583 . Moreover, there is a high consistency between small and large studies. The results on SpIns/Del polymorphism seem the most interesting and reliable, considering both the number of subjects analysed and the consistency of the evidence of its effect on lipid levels. These results need to be confirmed by larger and appropriately powered studies.

title: XXXX gene polymorphisms and @entity453 : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity755 :: (338,Gene) :: ['APO B']


abstract: The purpose of this paper is to review the outcome of @entity1 with posttraumatic @entity3509 . Between April 1972 and March 1996, the Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery at the King-Drew Medical Center managed or was consulted on 5,474 @entity130 @entity1 (4,584 @entity1 with penetrating injuries and 890 with @entity1913 ) who were admitted emergently for @entity764 and who underwent tube thoracostomy. @entity1 were not given routine prophylactic antibiotics merely because they had a chest tube placed. Based on our previous reports on @entity130 , our criteria for empiric antibiotic administration included (1) emergent or urgent thoracotomy, (2) soft-tissue destruction of the chest wall by shotgun injuries, (3) lung contusion with hemoptysis, (4) associated @entity1661 requiring exploratory laparotomy, or (5) associated open @entity174 . Eighty-seven of these 5,474 @entity1 developed posttraumatic @entity3509 , for an incidence of 1.6%. These 87 @entity1 were treated with tube thoracostomy, image-guided catheter drainage, or open thoracotomy with decortication. Seventy-nine of 87 @entity1 (91%) were cured without conversion to open thoracostomy. Four @entity1 required conversion to open thoracostomy, and there were three deaths. Even though a majority of our @entity1 required decortication, successful management of posttraumatic @entity3509 also was achieved with closed-tube thoracostomy or image-guided catheter drainage based on clinical and radiographic findings with appropriate @entity1 selection. When @entity4327 did occur in our group, @entity794 was the most common microbe isolated, followed by anaerobic bacteria. In correlating microbiologic data with outcomes, @entity794 , especially @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 , was the most frequent cause of antibiotic failure. Because of the low incidence of posttraumatic @entity3509 , we do not recommend routine antibiotic prophylaxis for all @entity130 @entity1 who undergo closed-tube thoracostomy. A review of the role of tube thoracostomy, intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy, image-guided catheter drainage, video-assisted thoracoscopy, and open thoracotomy for the management of @entity4327 is provided.

title: Posttraumatic @entity3509 : a 24-year experience at a major XXXX center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['long-bone fractures']

entities_list: @entity3509 :: ('MESH:D004653', 'Disease') :: ['empyema thoracis']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic and thoracoabdominal injuries']

entities_list: @entity4327 :: ('MESH:D016724', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic empyema']

entities_list: @entity1913 :: ('MESH:D014949', 'Disease') :: ['blunt injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'thoracic trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To define the accuracy of preoperative evaluation of prognostic factors in detecting @entity1 with low risk of node @entity3 in which different surgical approaches can be proposed. SUBJECTS: Seventy-five @entity1 with a histologically proven @entity1204 were considered in this study. METHODS: All the @entity1 underwent a preoperative evaluation of grading (G), and @entity3 (M) by endometrial biopsy and transvaginal ultrasound (TVS). In 41 @entity1 preoperative ploidy of @entity189 cells (P) was determined by flow cytometry. Pre-surgical G, M and P were then compared with surgical specimens. We considered 'low risk', @entity1 with no or moderate @entity3 , well-differentiated histological grading and diploid DNA. RESULTS: We were able to identify 19/23 (82.6%) low risk cases. Correct identification of high risk @entity1 was obtained in 49/52 (94%) @entity1 . In three low risk @entity1 , correctly diagnosed preoperatively, the final FIGO stage was IIIA (two for adnexal involvement and one for positive peritoneal washing). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that it is possible to detect preoperatively @entity1 with a low risk of node @entity3 . Alternative surgical approaches, i.e. vaginal surgery, can be taken into account in such @entity1 .

title: Reliability of preoperative evaluation of prognostic factors in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'myometrial invasion']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVES: @entity1 frequently experience @entity158 of moderate to severe degree during gynaecologic procedures. This prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was aimed to investigate the analgesic efficacy of preoperative oral @entity20365 , intravenous @entity1443 , @entity3303 spray, @entity6882 and @entity3522 on fractional curettage procedure. METHODS: A total of 144 mutiparous @entity1 were randomly allocated to one of the six groups. The first group (control group) consisted of 22 @entity1 and they did not receive any treatment. The second group had 26 @entity1 receiving oral 25 mg @entity20365 . The 23 @entity1 of the third group received two puff @entity3303 sprays on cervical mucosa. t0 he forth group consisted of 25 @entity1 receiving 100 mg @entity6882 . In the fifth group, the 23 @entity1 received 1000 mg intravenous @entity1443 and the sixth group consisted of 25 @entity1 receiving @entity3522 . RESULTS: @entity6882 was the best choice for reducing @entity158 score during curettage procedure (t2:intra-operative). All analgesic procedures were significantly effective in reducing @entity158 during postoperative period (t3). Significant @entity158 reduction was achieved for both intra- and postoperative period by using analgesics. INTERPRETATION _ CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study showed that @entity3303 puffs provided the @entity158 relief than the other analgesics used. Therefore, @entity3303 may be considered as the first choice analgesic in fractional curettage (NCT ID: 01993589).

title: Effect of @entity1443 , @entity20365 , @entity3303 spray, XXXX _ @entity3522 application for @entity158 relief during fractional curettage: A randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac sodium']

entities_list: @entity6882 :: ('MESH:D008614', 'Chemical') :: ['Pethidine', 'pethidine']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'best pain']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol']

entities_list: @entity20365 :: ('MESH:C118296', 'Chemical') :: ['dexketoprofen trometamol']

answer: @entity6882 :: (MESH:D008614,Chemical) :: ['pethidine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a @entity5 with an aggressive clinical behavior and a high recurrence rate. Although epigenetic alterations have been reported in different @entity5 , these events were not investigated in OKC yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of methylation in @entity986 , @entity3544 , @entity5438 , @entity876 and @entity996 genes in OKC @entity5 . METHODS: Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) was used to evaluate the presence of methylation in 10 samples of OKCs, 10 samples of dental follicles and six samples of normal mucosa. RESULTS: The methylation status of the @entity986 gene was similar among the three groups. In @entity3544 gene, 30% of OKCs were methylated while no methylation could be detected in the other groups. High frequency of @entity5438 methylation (90%) was observed in dental follicles, however, some @entity75 (10%) and normal mucosa samples (33%) were also methylated. Concerning the @entity996 gene, positive results were detected only in dental follicles (40%). No positive result was observed considering @entity876 gene. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show methylation of the promoter of @entity3544 gene in OKCs. In addition, methylation of the @entity5438 and @entity996 genes are commonly found in dental follicles. Further studies are necessary to determine the functional relevance of these alterations.

title: Methylation of @entity986 , @entity3544 , @entity5438 , XXXX and @entity876 genes in odontogenic keratocysts.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['benign neoplasm', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['OKC lesions']

answer: @entity996 :: (5925,Gene) :: ['RB1']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Innovation is a hallmark of surgical practice. It is generally accepted that a new procedure will undergo technical changes during its evolution; however, quantitative accounts of the process are limited. METHODS: Multiple groups, including our own, have recently described a minimally-invasive approach to conventional kidney transplantation (KT) operation. Unique to our experience is a structured development of the technique within the confines of a safe surgical innovation framework - the IDEAL framework (idea, development, exploration, assessment, long-term monitoring; stages 0-4). We here provide a first-hand narrative of the progress of robotic KT operation from preclinical trial to clinical application. RESULTS: Overall, 54 @entity1 underwent robotic KT with regional @entity2332 successfully. Major technical changes including selection of optimal @entity1 position (flank vs. lithotomy), robotic instrumentation, @entity432 method (bulldog vs. tourniquet) and suture material (prolene vs. GoreTex) occurred early during the procedure development (IDEAL stage 0, preclinical). Minor technical changes such as utilization of the aortic punch for arteriotomy (case 3), use of barbed suture during ureteroneocystostomy (case 6) and extraperitonealization of the graft kidney (case 6) that increased the efficiency and safety of the procedure continued throughout procedure development (IDEAL stages 1-2, clinical stages). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that a surgical technique evolves continually; although, the majority of technical alterations occur early in the life-cycle of the procedure. Development of a new technique within the confines a structured surgical innovation framework allows for evidence based progression of the technique and may minimize the risk of harm to the @entity1 .

title: Ontogeny of a surgical technique: Robotic kidney transplantation with regional XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['vascular occlusion']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['hypothermia']


abstract: IntroductionCognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) @entity34 ( @entity34 ; @entity4481 , @entity4480 , and @entity1153 ) are effective treatment options for @entity239 ( @entity239 ) syndrome and are currently recommended by clinical guidelines. We compared the cost-utility from the healthcare and societal perspectives of CBT versus @entity34 (combination of @entity4481  +  @entity4480 ) and usual care (TAU) groups in the treatment of @entity239 .MethodsThe economic evaluation was conducted alongside a 6-month, multicentre, randomised, blinded, parallel group, controlled trial. A total of 168 @entity239 @entity1 from 41 general practices in Zaragoza (Spain) were randomised to CBT (n  =  57), @entity34 (n  =  56) or TAU (n  =  55). The main outcome measures were Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs, assessed using the EuroQoL-5D questionnaire) and improvements in health-related quality of life (HRQoL, assessed using EuroQoL-5D visual analogue scale, EQ-VAS). The costs of healthcare utilisation were estimated from @entity1 self-reports (Client Service Receipt Inventory). Cost-utility was assessed using the net-benefit approach and cost-effectiveness acceptability curves (CEACs).ResultsOn average, the total costs per @entity1 in the CBT group (1,847  ) were significantly lower than @entity1 receiving @entity34 (3,664  ) or @entity5624 (3,124  ). @entity1 receiving CBT reported a higher quality of life (QALYs and EQ-VAS scores); the differences between groups were significant only for EQ-VAS. From a complete case analysis approach (base case), the point estimates of the cost-effectiveness ratios resulted in dominance for the CBT group in all of the comparisons performed, using both QALYs and EQ-VAS as outcomes. These findings were confirmed by bootstrap analyses, net-benefit curves and CEACs. Two additional sensitivity analyses (intention-to-treat analysis and per protocol analysis) indicated that the results were robust. The comparison of @entity34 versus TAU yielded no clear preference for either treatment when using QALYs, although @entity34 was determined to be more cost-effective than TAU when evaluating EQ-VAS.ConclusionsDue to lower costs, CBT is the most cost-effective treatment for adult @entity239 @entity1 . Implementation in routine medical care would require policymakers to develop more widespread public access to trained and experienced therapists in group-based forms of CBT.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN10804772. Registered 29 September 2008.

title: Cost-utility of cognitive behavioural therapy versus U.S. food and drug administration recommended drugs and usual care in the treatment of @entity1 with XXXX : an economic evaluation alongside a 6-month randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia', 'FM']

entities_list: @entity1153 :: ('MESH:C048107', 'Chemical') :: ['milnacipran']

entities_list: @entity4480 :: ('MESH:C058218', 'Chemical') :: ['duloxetine']

entities_list: @entity4481 :: ('MESH:C080245', 'Chemical') :: ['pregabalin']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['recommended pharmacological treatments', 'RPT']

answer: @entity239 :: (MESH:D005356,Disease) :: ['fibromyalgia']


abstract: An eight-year-old Japanese @entity1 developed @entity490 , followed by @entity410 and @entity909 . He was taken to an emergency room but could not be resuscitated. At autopsy, the left main coronary trunk (LMT) demonstrated an increase in caliber with severe luminal narrowing, and the @entity714 ( @entity714 ) subsequent to the LMT showed severe @entity850 . Microscopically, the intima of the LMT demonstrated severe @entity82 and infiltration of lymphocytes and histiocytes suggesting @entity1333 , and the small lumen was occupied by a fresh @entity715 . The @entity714 showed significant intimal thickening with strong lymphocytic inflammation at the edge of the thickening. The left ventricle showed widespread @entity583 in the recovery stage. There were no findings of @entity731 , @entity1333 or fibrocellular changes in the ascending aorta or intravisceral arteries other than the LMT and the @entity714 under investigation. The increase in the caliber of the LMT and the limitation of @entity3468 to the LMT and the subsequent branch suggested @entity573 ( @entity573 ), but it was atypical that the @entity1 had no clinical history consistent with @entity573 . The present case showed no findings suggesting classical @entity11657 (cPAN) at the acute or scar stage in the other vessels being investigated, and cPAN in childhood is rare compared to @entity573 . A nonspecific inflammatory reaction (single organ @entity1333 , SOV) was also considered as a possible cause, but it is difficult to determine whether the cause of the @entity3979 in the present case was SOV because the sampling of arteries was insufficient. If forensic pathologists make unusual findings suggesting @entity1333 at autopsy, the collection of a sufficient number of vessels of various sizes is warranted.

title: Sudden death of a XXXX from @entity583 due to @entity3468 of the left coronary trunk.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsion']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity573 :: ('MESH:C537014', 'Disease') :: ['KD', 'Kawasaki disease']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['LAD', 'left anterior descending branch']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity3468 :: ('MESH:D001167', 'Disease') :: ['arteritis']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity11657 :: ('MESH:D010488', 'Disease') :: ['polyarteritis nodosa']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['child']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Accacoelium contortum (Rudolphi, 1819) Monticelli, 1893 is a frequent but poorly known @entity2439 found on gills, pharynx and digestive tract of the @entity68765 @entity68765 (L.). Although the morphology of A. contortum agrees with that of a typical endoparasitic @entity2439 , with two relatively small suckers and no large holdfasts, this parasite is normally ectoparasitic. The main objective of this paper is to explore this peculiar host-parasite relationship. METHODS: A total of 106 @entity68765 were examined for the presence of A. contortum. The oropharyngeal chamber (gills and pharynx) and the digestive tract were analysed. As the previous descriptions of this species seem to be based on contracted specimens, for the morphological study the parasites were killed using two methods: with hot 70  % @entity1068 (with relaxed bodies) and with 70  % @entity1068 at room temperature (with contracted bodies). For histological studies, samples from fresh fish with parasitised left gills, pharynx and digestive tract were fixed in buffered 10  % @entity406 . For molecular studies the 18S, 28S and ITS-2 sequences were provided and compared with the available data in GenBank  . RESULTS: New information on the morphology of A. contortum and on the parasite-related response and pathological alterations in the host are given. New diagnostic traits for some structures are provided: e.g. tegumental papillae of the forebody with apical @entity4 and mouth surrounded by a circum-oral crown of simple papillae. The length of the ventral sucker peduncle and the position of the vitellarium were found to be associated with the contraction degree of the specimen. Immature individuals of this species are described for the first time. An intense proliferative inflammatory response of host gill and pharynx epithelium at the host-parasite interface was detected and parasites became partially covered by overgrowths of host tissues. CONCLUSIONS: The induction of prominent histological alterations associated with A. contortum seems to be an adaptation to the external environment, an unusual location for @entity2439 .

title: Accacoelium contortum (Trematoda: Accacoeliidae) a XXXX living as a monogenean: morphological and pathological implications.

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['digitiform swellings']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity68765 :: ('94237', 'Species') :: ['ocean sunfish', 'Mola mola']

entities_list: @entity2439 :: ('MESH:D014201', 'Disease') :: ['trematodes', 'trematode']

answer: @entity2439 :: (MESH:D014201,Disease) :: ['trematode']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite many advances in assisted reproductive techniques (ART), little is known about preferences for technological developments of @entity1 undergoing fertility treatments. The aims of this study were to investigate the preferences of infertile @entity1 undergoing ART for controlled ovarian stimulation ( @entity6862 ) treatments; to determine the utility values ascribed to different attributes of @entity6862 treatments; and to estimate @entity1 's willingness to pay (WTP) for @entity6862 . METHODS: A representative sample of ambulatory @entity1 ready to receive, or receiving, @entity6862 therapies for @entity249 were recruited from seven specialized private centres in six autonomous communities in Spain. Descriptive, inferential and conjoint analyses (CA) were used to elicit preferences and WTP. Attributes and levels of @entity6862 treatments were identified by literature review and two focus groups with experts and @entity1 . WTP valuations were derived by a combination of double-bounded (closed-ended) and open questions and contingent ranking methods. RESULTS: In total, 160 @entity1 [mean (standard deviation; SD) age: 35.8 (4.2) years] were interviewed. Over half of the @entity1 (55.0%) had a high level of education (university degree), most (78.8%) were married and half (50.0%) had an estimated net income of >   1502 per month and had paid a mean (SD)    1194.17 (   778.29) for their most recent hormonal treatment. The most frequent causes of @entity249 were related to @entity6847 (50.3%). In 30.6% of cases, there were two causes of @entity249 . The maximum WTP for @entity6862 treatment was    800 (median) per cycle; 35.5% were willing to pay an additional    101-   300 for a 1-2% effectiveness gain in the treatment. Utility values (CA) showed that effectiveness was the most valued attribute (39.82), followed by costs (18.74), safety (17.75) and information sharing with physicians (14.93). CONCLUSIONS: WTP for @entity6862 therapies exceeds current cost. Additional WTP exists for 1-2% effectiveness improvement. Effectiveness and costs were the most important determinants of preferences, followed by safety and information sharing with physicians.

title: Willingness to pay and conjoint analysis to determine @entity1 's preferences for ovarian stimulating hormones in the treatment of XXXX in Spain.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6847 :: ('MESH:C567467', 'Disease') :: ['sperm abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

answer: @entity249 :: (MESH:D007246,Disease) :: ['infertility']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The National @entity5 Data Base (NCDB) has reported on many @entity5 occurring in @entity1 and @entity1 in the U. S. from >1400 contributing hospitals. The current report on @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) is a companion to an upcoming @entity1 Care Evaluation study of this relatively common and serious @entity5 . METHODS: This report is comprised of all @entity1893 cases submitted to the NCDB divided into two diagnostic-year groups: 1985-1988 and 1990-1993. Variables routinely collected by hospital @entity5 registries have been analyzed to report on patterns of diagnosis and treatment. RESULTS: High grade @entity1893 cases were more likely to be Stage IV (40.8%) than were low or intermediate grade cases (34.8% and 32.5%, respectively). @entity1 with @entity1893 arising from lymph node sites tended to present with more @entity1442 (55.8% with Stages III and @entity66 ), whereas @entity1 with @entity1893 arising from extranodal sites and non-lymph node nodal sites presented at an earlier stage (64.7% and 74.0%, respectively, with Stage I or @entity34 ). Approximately 67% of all @entity1 underwent chemotherapy, whereas only 25% underwent surgery or radiation. By histology, 5-year survival was 68.8% for low grade disease, 51.9% for intermediate grade disease, and 45.8% for high grade disease; by stage, survival rates ranged from 73.5% for Stage I to 42.9% for Stage @entity66 . CONCLUSIONS: To the authors' knowledge, the 91,306 cases in this study represent the largest contemporary sample of @entity1893 @entity1 . The material reported here may serve as a reference with which to compare local patterns with national data. The Working Formulation's ability to stratify @entity1 ' survival rates confirms its utility for @entity1893 . Stage according to the American Joint Committee on @entity5 also was accurate in predicting survival.

title: The National XXXX Data Base report on @entity1893 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['IV disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['Stage II disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical and epidemiological characteristics and clinical outcomes in @entity1 hospitalized with @entity712 ( @entity712 ), with a comparison between Chagas and @entity1526 . METHOD: This is a retrospective cohort study involving 136 @entity1 consecutively admitted with @entity712 between January 1 and December 31, 2011, with the following outcomes: @entity810 , @entity1455 , rehospitalization, and @entity204 . Individuals aged >=  18 years with @entity712 were included while those with more than 10% of missing data regarding outcomes were excluded. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 17.0. Chi-squared test was used to compare proportions. Student's T test was used to compare means. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests were used to compare rehospitalization rates between the two groups over time. RESULTS: Chagasic and non-chagasic @entity1 were compared. The first had lower mean systolic blood pressure (111.8  18.4 versus 128.8  24.4, p<0.01), lower mean diastolic blood pressure (74.5  13.6 versus 82.0  15.2, p<0.01) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (26.5  6.2 versus 41.5  18.9, p<0.01). In all, 20 @entity1 with Chagas (50.1%) were rehospitalized, compared to 35 @entity1 in the non-Chagas group (35.4%, p=0.04). Log rank test = 4.5 (p<0.01) showed that rehospitalization rates between the two groups over time (Kaplan-Meier curves) differed. CONCLUSION: @entity1526 was associated with lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure and lower left ventricular ejection fraction. The rehospitalization rate was higher in @entity1526 .

title: Decompensated XXXX versus non- @entity712 at a tertiary care hospital: Clinical characteristics and outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['decompensated heart failure', 'DHF']

entities_list: @entity1526 :: ('MESH:D014355', 'Disease') :: ['non-Chagas disease', 'Chagas disease']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['hospital death']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['chagasic heart failure']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This paper reports for the first time three cases of @entity281 by @entity2662 via organ transplantation; all the organs coming from the same asymptomatic infected donor. The need is considered for the implementation of compulsory screenings for HTLV antibodies on organ donors and on blood banks. METHODS: The determination of antibodies for @entity2662 /II on samples of serum and cerebral spinal fluid from the @entity1 and the donor was performed by enzyme immunoassay and western blot. Analysis of proviral DNA was performed by polymerase chain reaction. To detect changes in the sequence of @entity1522 , the tax gene was sequentiated, amplified, and compared with ATK prototype stocks. Spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging, cerebral spinal fluid, and somatosensory evoked potential studies were carried out in all @entity1 . RESULTS: All three transplanted @entity1 developed a @entity602 within a very short period of time. In all three @entity1 and donor the virus belonged to the Cosmopolitan A subtype. The homology of @entity2662 sequences recovered from the @entity1 and donor was 100% in all four cases. Proviral load was high in all three @entity1 . The factors that certainly contributed to the @entity281 in the first place, and the development of the disease later, were on the one hand the high proviral load and their immunosuppressed condition, and on the other the virus genotype, which proved to be an aggressive variant. However, the analysis of the histocompatibility antigen showed that two of the @entity1 carried an haplotype that has been associated with a lower risk of developing this disease. CONCLUSIONS: It is argued that, although in Spain and other European countries there is not compulsory screening for HTLV antibodies because of the studies that show a low seroprevalence, in view of the cases here reported, and to avoid the serious consequences that such @entity281 has on transplanted @entity1 , compulsory screenings, both on organ donors and on blood banks, should be implemented.

title: Post-transplantation XXXX @entity602 in three recipients from a single donor.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity2662 :: (11908,Species) :: ['HTLV-1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the @entity149 in 38 @entity1 who received definitive treatment and were followed-up >5 years between 1980-2009. METHODS: The median age at diagnosis and follow-up period were 16.5 years and 128.3 months, respectively. Treatment was irradiation alone or adjuvant @entity902 -based chemotherapy followed by reduced-dose local irradiation. Seven @entity1 progressed at 12.9-133.9 months and 1 died of disease 89.3 months after therapy initiation. RESULTS: The treatment strategies were divided into three groups: Group A (1980-1988, n=5): whole brain with local irradiation; Group B (1989-2002, n=16): chemotherapy with or without reduced irradiation dose; and Group C (2003-2009, n=17): neoadjuvant chemotherapy (3 courses) followed by 30.6-Gy whole ventricle irradiation for @entity1 with localized complete response, and additional local boost of 19.8-Gy for others. There were 7 recurrent cases, all in Group B. The progression-free survival was significantly longer in Groups A and C vs. Group B (p<0.001). Decreased Karnofsky performance status was observed in 2 (40%), 6 (37.5%), and 0 cases in Groups A-C, respectively. The main reasons for the good results in Group C might be the neoadjuvant chemotherapy with whole ventricle radiotherapy and introduction of neuroendoscopy, especially for @entity979 , resulting in a substantial reduction of time from the diagnosis to 1(st) treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Chemotherapy followed by whole ventricle radiotherapy, with or without local boost, and with use of neuroendoscopy results in good disease-control without late complications in @entity3438 @entity1 .

title: Improvement of Long-term Results with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity979 :: ('MESH:D010871', 'Disease') :: ['pineal lesions']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['treatment of central nervous system germinomas']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity3438 :: ('MESH:D018237', 'Disease') :: ['germinoma']

answer: @entity149 :: (MESH:D002493,Disease) :: ['Central Nervous System Germinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Trastuzumab (Herceptin  , Roche) has significantly improved the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity1722 -positive metastatic @entity0 . Some @entity1 remain in remission for many years. However, there are no prognostic markers associated with long-term survival. This study aimed to analyse treatment patterns of @entity1722 -positive metastatic @entity0 at a single institution and explore prognostic factors for long-term survival after @entity1722 -targeted treatment. @entity1 AND METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of all @entity1 with @entity1722 -positive metastatic @entity0 receiving first-line treatment with @entity1722 -targeted therapy between 2004 and 2014 at the University Hospital of Zurich (n = 81). @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and other time-to-event endpoints were determined with Kaplan-Meier curves and clinicopathological factors predicting long-term outcome were identified by use of the log-rank test. RESULTS: The median @entity1349 for the cohort was 5.9 years (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.5-8.3). Twenty @entity1 (28.6%) remained in complete remission after 1 year, 11 (15.7%) after 2 years and 4 (5.7%) beyond 5 years. The median progression-free survival was 13.6 months (95% CI 9.0-18.3). The objective response rate (ORR) was 60.5% with 16 (19.8%) complete responses and 33 (40.8%) partial responses. Six (7.4%) @entity1 had brain metastases as first site of relapse and they had a median @entity1349 of 1.9 years (95% CI 1.7-2.2 years). Thirty-four of all 81 @entity1 (42%) had developed brain metastases by the time of @entity204 or last follow-up. Median @entity1349 after diagnosis of brain metastases was 26 months (95% CI 19.9-32.0). Only primary brain metastases were found to be a prognostic marker associated with shorter overall survival. Hormone-receptor status and presence of visceral metastases at primary diagnosis were not associated with prognosis. Only four @entity1 (4.9%) developed some degree of @entity1002 under treatment with trastuzumab. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1722 -targeted treatment has improved the overall survival of @entity1 with @entity1722 -postive metastatic @entity0 with median @entity1349 exceeding 5 years. There are, however, no predictive markers for a long-term survival. Only the absence of primary brain metastases seems to be an indicator of a good prognosis.

title: Exploring prognostic factors for XXXX -positive metastatic @entity0 : a retrospective cohort study in a major Swiss hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'Overall survival']

answer: @entity1722 :: (2064,Gene) :: ['HER2']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate whether a statistical analysis of myocardial blood- @entity26 -level-dependent (mBOLD) signal intensities can lead to the identification and quantification of the @entity63 area supplied by the culprit artery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cardiac BOLD images were acquired in a @entity235 model (n = 9) with controllable LCX @entity850 at rest and during @entity859 infusion on a 1.5T clinical scanner. Statistical distributions of myocardial pixel-intensities derived from BOLD images were used to compute an area metric ( @entity63 extent, IE). True myocardial perfusion was estimated from microsphere analysis. IE was compared against a standard metric (segment-intensity-response, SIR). Additional animals (n = 3) were used to investigate the feasibility of the approach for identifying @entity63 territories due to @entity3980 from mBOLD images. RESULTS: Regression analyses showed that IE and myocardial flow ratio between rest and @entity859 infusion (MFR) were exponentially related (R(2) > 0.70, P < 0.001, for end-systole and end-diastole), while SIR and MFR were linearly related to end-systole (R(2) = 0.51, P < 0.04) and unrelated to end-diastole (R(2)     0, P = 0.91). Receiver-operating-characteristic analysis that IE was superior to SIR for detecting critical @entity850 (MFR  <= 2) in end-systole and end-diastole. Feasibility studies on @entity3980 narrowing demonstrated that the proposed approach could also identify oxygenation changes in the @entity3980 territories. CONCLUSION: The proposed evaluation of cardiac BOLD magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers marked improvement in sensitivity and specificity for detecting critical @entity3979 at 1.5T compared to the mean segmental intensity approach. @entity1 studies are now warranted to determine its clinical utility.

title: Ischemic extent as a biomarker for characterizing severity of XXXX with blood @entity26 -sensitive MRI.

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity3980 :: ('MESH:C535887', 'Disease') :: ['LAD stenosis', 'LAD']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity3979 :: (MESH:D023921,Disease) :: ['coronary artery stenosis']