abstract: In 50% of the @entity1 presenting with a @entity1163 , the cause is cardiac. The incidence of @entity944 with 24% is high in this group. Since most of the @entity591 -induced @entity1163 are due to @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ), a careful diagnostic approach must be used. The possibility of a @entity1165 to end in a fibrillation is great, especially in the presence of a @entity299 , which leads to a bad prognosis in such @entity1 . The aim of a careful anamnesis and clinical history is to establish the presence of a @entity299 . A @entity3153 , a long QT, an old @entity583 or a @entity453 ( @entity453 ) can be assessed by echocardiography (ECG). Stress testing is useful in evaluating a @entity453 and can possibly lead to a diagnosis when a @entity1165 or a @entity4710 ( @entity4710 ) is induced. ECG is used to assess the cardiac ejection fraction and in the evaluation of a suspected right or left @entity296 . The ambulatory ECG allow a diagnosis only in 2 to 3% of the cases. Nevertheless, the presence of more than 10 PVC/h and/or asymptomatic nonsustained @entity1165 is a predictor for @entity944 in syncopy @entity1 . Detection of late potentials has a sensitivity of 50 to 83% and a sensibility of 89 to 91% for the prediction of inducible sustained @entity1165 during electrophysiological studies (EPS) in @entity1 with @entity1163 . However, the usefulness of this technique is not fully established, since there is no significant difference in survival or recurrence of @entity1163 between @entity1 with and without late potentials. The EPS is an invasive technique and therefore used at the end of the investigations. The cardiovascular mortality is low (4%) in @entity1 with a negative EPS. A treatment is mandatory in @entity591 -induced @entity1163 even when the cause is a @entity4710 . Antiarrhythmic drugs are useful for the treatment of @entity4710 . However, radiofrequency ablation of the accessory pathway is preferable, since the success rate is over 90%, and the side effects of chronic ingestion of antiarrhythmic drugs can therefore be avoided. Some @entity1165 can be treated successfully with drugs under the control of an EPS, but most of the @entity1 must have the implantation of an @entity299 ( @entity299 ).

title: [ XXXX -induced @entity1163 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia', 'SVT']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity1163 :: ('MESH:D013575', 'Disease') :: ['syncopes', 'syncope']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['organic heart disease', 'cardiac disease', 'internal cardiac defibrillator', 'ICD']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity3153 :: ('MESH:D014927', 'Disease') :: ['Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome']

answer: @entity591 :: (MESH:D013610,Disease) :: ['Tachycardia']


abstract: A hyperfractionated radiation therapy (HFX RT) trial (1.2 Gy twice daily, b.i.d.) (HFX) for @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) showed that 69.6 Gy resulted in better survival than did lower total doses (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group, RTOG 83-11) and that @entity900 concurrent with irradiation improved local control and survival over RT alone (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group, RTOG 91-06). Concurrent combination chemotherapy and HFX could improve both local and systemic control. In a phase II trial (RTOG 91-06) for inoperable @entity1149 , two cycles of PE were used [ @entity900 50 mg/m2 intravenously (i.v.) days 1 and 8, @entity2879 50 mg orally (p.o.) b.i.d., 75 mg/day if body surface area (BSA) < 1.7 m2, days 1-14] starting on day 1 of HFX (69.6 Gy) and repeated on day 29. HFX/PE was compared with HFX (69.6 Gy) from an earlier phase II trial (RTOG 83-11). Seventy-six @entity1 treated with HFX/PE and 203 @entity1 who received HFX alone were compared for @entity137 , response, survival, and patterns of failure. The rates of grade 4 nonhematologic @entity137 were similar (3.0% for HFX/PE, 3.0% for HFX), but grade 4 @entity1503 occurred only with HFX/PE 56.6%. Three (3.9%) HFX/PE @entity1 had fatal @entity137 (2 pulmonary, 1 renal); 1 HFX @entity1 had fatal @entity137 . Response and @entity3 rates were similar for the two treatments, but infield (p = 0.054) and overall (p = 0.04) progression-free survival rates were better with HFX/PE. Median survivals were 18.9 months with HFX/PE and 10.6 months with HFX. Two-year survival rates were 36% for HFX/PE and 22% for HFX (p = 0.014). The differences in survival between HFX/PE and HFX remained borderline statistically significant (p = 0.0593) in the multivariate model, which included @entity353 , Karnofsky performance status (KPS), sex, and stage. HFX/PE is an effective regimen in @entity1 with inoperable @entity1149 , although it is considerably more toxic, and is undergoing a comparison in a three-arm randomized phase III study against induction @entity900 / @entity5713 plus standard once-daily RT and against @entity900 / @entity5713 concurrent with standard RT.

title: Impact of adding concurrent chemotherapy to hyperfractionated radiotherapy for locally advanced @entity1149 ( XXXX ): comparison of RTOG 83-11 and RTOG 91-06.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'esophageal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['NSCLC']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: It is known that specific alteration of rhythm in temperature (SART) stress produces @entity158 . However, it remains to be investigated whether SART stress induces @entity3825 . In this study, we investigated the @entity56 in the SART stress model by pharmacological tools and @entity10237 . Four-week-old @entity35 were exposed to repeated cold stress. @entity3825 was measured by visceromotor response to @entity14 , and the effects of @entity29940 and @entity4480 on @entity3825 were investigated in SART @entity35 . @entity10237 was given by @entity2951 injection into the left forepaw to induce @entity23 ( @entity23 ). SART stress induced @entity56 that was sustained at minimum for one week. In pharmacological analysis, alosetron and @entity4480 improved SART stress-induced @entity56 . @entity10237 induced @entity23 in normal conditions, but was disrupted in SART @entity35 . On the other hand, @entity18311 mRNA in distal colon was not affected by SART stress. In conclusion, SART @entity35 exhibit several features of @entity3825 in @entity5377 , and may be a useful model for investigating the central modification of @entity158 control in @entity5377 .

title: Specific alteration of rhythm in temperature-stressed XXXX possess features of abdominal pain in @entity5377 patients.

entities_list: @entity29940 :: ('MESH:C090840', 'Chemical') :: ['alosetron']

entities_list: @entity2951 :: ('MESH:D002211', 'Chemical') :: ['capsaicin']

entities_list: @entity3825 :: ('MESH:D059265', 'Disease') :: ['Visceral pain', 'visceral pain']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse noxious inhibitory controls', 'DNIC']

entities_list: @entity10237 :: ('MESH:D059226', 'Disease') :: ['heterotopical nociception', 'Heterotopical nociception']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['visceral hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity4480 :: ('MESH:C058218', 'Chemical') :: ['duloxetine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['somatic pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal distension']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Data on the incidence of @entity454 ( @entity454 ) and @entity177 from population-based studies in Caucasian type 2 @entity6 @entity1 are lacking. To provide such data, a population-based cohort of type 2 @entity6 @entity1 was identified in Casale Monferrato, Italy, and prospectively examined from 1991 to 2001. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: During the follow-up period, @entity1 were regularly examined with centralized measurements of plasma @entity1011 and HbA(1c). Independent predictors of progression to renal events were identified with multivariate Cox proportional hazards modeling, with sex, age, and individual follow-up time as confounders. RESULTS: We followed 1,408 of 1,540 (91.4%) @entity1 (average follow-up time 6.7 years, range 0.011-11.1); 10 new cases of @entity454 and 72 of @entity177 (plasma values of @entity1011 >or=2.0 mg/dl) were identified, giving incidence rates/1,000 @entity1 -years of 1.04 (95% CI 0.56-1.94) and 7.63 (6.06-9.61), respectively. Cumulative risks for @entity177 adjusted for competing mortality were 6.1 and 9.3% after 20 and 30 years from diagnosis of @entity6 , respectively. Incidence rates and cumulative risks of @entity177 defined by plasma @entity1011 values >1.5 mg/dl increased to 13.1/1,000 @entity1 -years, 8.6 and 14.8%, respectively. In Cox regression analysis, predictors of progression (after adjustment for confounders) were @entity101 (P = 0.078), diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.034), BMI (P = 0.03), and albumin excretion rate (AER) (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: We provide evidence that the individual risk of @entity454 and @entity177 is low. AER and diastolic blood pressure are independent predictors of progression. These findings underline the relevance of primary prevention to reduce the number of @entity6 @entity1 with @entity454 .

title: Low incidence of @entity454 and @entity177 in type 2 XXXX : a 10-year prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A @entity5 represents an abnormal tissue growth that can arise from any ocular structure, such as eyelids, muscles or the optic nerve. At the eyelids, there are two main @entity5 types: @entity1491 and @entity957 . @entity7499 plays a crucial role in growth, invasion and @entity3 processes of any @entity5 . It is well known the fact that without new vessels formation @entity5 cannot exceed 1-2 mm diameter. Immunohistochemical analysis has been performed on 43 cases of primary @entity189 of the eyelid, diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 in the Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy of the University Emergency County Hospital of Craiova, Romania. Biological material was represented by surgical resection samples, coming from the Clinic of Ophthalmology the anteriorly named Hospital. Within the immunohistochemical study, we have evaluated @entity470 ( @entity470 ) and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) expression in a group of 43 cutaneous @entity189 of the eyelid, depending on the type and differentiation grade of the @entity5 . Of the 43 samples, 23 came from @entity1 with @entity1491 and 20 came from @entity1 with @entity957 . In our study, @entity470 and @entity7 immunoexpression was superior for @entity957 , @entity1491 , fact that was statistically significant. Regarding @entity957 , the immunoexpression of these two markers was superior in moderate  poor differentiated forms, compared to well differentiated forms, fact that was statistically significant. The markers used in this study were found to be associated with the acquisition of @entity146 and angiogenic phenotypes by analyzed @entity189 .

title: Assessment of @entity7 and @entity470 in the study of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7499 :: ('MESH:D016510', 'Disease') :: ['Angiogenesis']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'squamous cell carcinomas', 'eyelid squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell carcinoma', 'compared to basal cell carcinomas', 'eyelid basal cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['angiogenesis of eyelid carcinomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) is a major contributor of maternal morbidity and mortality. Whether maternal race/ethnicity is associated with the risk of postpartum @entity1211 remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: We conducted a population-based, case-control study in Washington State, from 1987 through 2011. Cases comprised all @entity1 with selected ICD-9-CM codes for hospitalized @entity1211 within 3 months post-delivery. Controls were randomly selected postpartum @entity1 who did not experience a @entity1211 . Characteristics of @entity1 and their deliveries were abstracted from birth certificates. Using logistic regression models, we compared the risk of postpartum @entity1211 in Black, Asian, and Hispanic @entity1 with that in non-Hispanic White @entity1 , after adjustment for maternal characteristics (age, BMI, parity, education), pregnancy complications, and delivery methods. RESULTS: Our study comprised 688 cases and 10,246 controls. Among controls, the mean age and BMI were 27.5 years and 26.3 kg/m(2) , respectively. Compared with White @entity1 , Black and Asian @entity1 had a greater and lower risk of postpartum @entity1211 , respectively (adjusted OR 1.50, 95%CI 1.10-2.04 and OR 0.67, 95%CI 0.48-0.94). A lower risk was present in Hispanic @entity1 (adjusted OR 0.80, 95%CI 0.61-1.06), but was not statistically significant. In subgroups analyses, we observed an increased risk for Black compared with White @entity1 among @entity1 who delivered via cesarean section (OR 2.03, 95%CI 1.34-3.07) but not among vaginal deliveries (OR 1.03, 95%CI 0.61-1.74). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal race/ethnicity is associated with the risk of postpartum @entity1211 , independently of other risk factors, and should be considered when assessing the use of thromboprophylaxis after delivery. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Racial and ethnic differences in the risk of postpartum XXXX : a population-based, case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['Venous thromboembolism', 'VTE']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['venous thromboembolism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity15626 ( @entity9104 ), a disease-modifying therapy for @entity15 ( @entity15 ), causes @entity2905 in a fraction of @entity1 . The clinical significance of this is unknown. Several cases of progressive multifocal @entity62 in lymphopenic @entity8516 -treated @entity1 have raised concerns about drug safety. Since lymphocytes contribute to @entity15 pathology, @entity2905 may also be a biomarker for response to the drug. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this manuscript is to evaluate risk factors for @entity9104 -induced @entity2905 and drug failure in a real-world population of @entity15 @entity1 . METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 221 @entity1 prescribed @entity9104 at a single academic medical center between March 2013 and February 2015. RESULTS: Grade 2-3 @entity2905 developed in 17% of the total cohort and did not resolve during @entity9104 treatment. Older age (>55), lower baseline absolute lymphocyte count and recent natalizumab exposure increased the risk of developing moderate to severe @entity2905 while on @entity9104 . @entity2905 was not predictive of good clinical response or of breakthrough @entity15 activity on @entity9104 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity2905 develops in a significant minority of @entity9104 -treated @entity1 , and if grade 2 or worse, is unlikely to resolve while on the drug. Increased vigilance in lymphocyte monitoring and infection awareness is particularly warranted in older @entity1 and those switching from natalizumab.

title: XXXX -associated @entity2905 : Risk factors and clinical significance.

entities_list: @entity8516 :: ('CHEBI:29806', 'Chemical') :: ['fumarate']

entities_list: @entity2905 :: ('MESH:D008231', 'Disease') :: ['Lymphopenia', 'lymphopenia']

entities_list: @entity15626 :: ('MESH:C056020', 'Chemical') :: ['Dimethyl fumarate']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['leukoencephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity15626 :: (MESH:C056020,Chemical) :: ['Dimethyl fumarate']


abstract: PURPOSE: With the advancement of laparoscopic techniques and instruments, laparoscopic approach for @entity660 has become an increasingly used procedure. But, there are few and limited studies about laparoscopic enuleation (LE) for @entity660 . Therefore, the purpose of this study was to present our experience and to evaluate the clinical outcome of LE for pancreatic benign or borderline @entity5 . METHODS: Between May 2005 and December 2011, 11 @entity1 who underwent LE were analyzed. Candidates for LE met the following criteria: benign or borderline malignant @entity788 , no involvement of main pancreatic duct, and outwardly growing @entity5 with small @entity5 bed. RESULTS: All 11 @entity1 (10 @entity1 and 1 @entity1 with a mean age of 43.1    11.9 years) who underwent LE were completed laparoscopically without conversion. The mean diameter of @entity5 was 4.0    3.3 cm and all cases had @entity5 at the final pathologic diagnosis. One @entity1 (9%) developed @entity3472 and mean postoperative hospital stay was 5.5    1.7 days. During follow-up period (mean, 44.3    23.9 months), all @entity1 were alive with no recurrence or new onset of @entity6 . CONCLUSION: LE is a safe and effective procedure, and should be considered as a treatment option for @entity660 that do not involve the main pancratic duct and have an outgrowing aspect with small @entity5 bed.

title: Feasibility and outcomes of laparoscopic enucleation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic tumor']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant tumors', 'benign tumors']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic lesions']

entities_list: @entity3472 :: ('MESH:D010185', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic fistula']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic neoplasms']


abstract: The influence of @entity1533 alleles on B-cell homeostasis was analyzed in 164 @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ). The percentages of @entity1075 + B lymphocytes determined in the peripheral circulation of 94 retrospectively recruited @entity309 @entity1 followed a bimodal distribution. Two frequency peaks (B-cell(low) @entity1 and B-cell(high) @entity1 ) were separated by the population median of a B-cell frequency of 8.5% of all lymphocytes. Human leucocyte antigen genotyping revealed that the B-cell(low) @entity1 were more frequently positive for the @entity309 -associated @entity1533 @entity24602 ( @entity24602 ) than were B-cell(high) @entity1 . Accordingly, @entity24602 -positive @entity1 had lower @entity1075 percentages in the rank-sum analysis when compared with @entity24602 -negative @entity1 , and were markedly B lymphocytopenic when compared with a healthy control group. To confirm the differential frequencies of @entity1075 + B cells, absolute numbers in peripheral blood were determined prospectively in a cohort of 70 @entity309 @entity1 with recent onset disease. @entity24602 -positive @entity1 were found to have lower absolute numbers of circulating @entity1075 + B cells. B-cell counts below the mean of the study population were associated with higher acute phase response and with increased levels of rheumatoid factor IgA. No correlation between absolute numbers of circulating B cells and radiographic progression of joint destruction was seen. The influence of immunogenetic parameters on B-cell homeostasis in @entity309 reported here has not been described previously. The clinical relevance of @entity1892 in @entity309 will be further investigated in longitudinal studies.

title: XXXX in @entity309 is associated with the @entity1533 @entity24602 and increased acute phase response.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['SE-positive RA', 'rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B lymphocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity24602 :: ('MESH:D012753', 'Disease') :: ['shared epitope', 'SE']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['B lymphocytopenia']


abstract: Numerous clinical studies have reported that ingestion of @entity6353 reduces the risk of @entity209 . However, the mechanisms by which this occurs remain unclear. In this @entity19 study, the metabolic-enhancing activity of a 10 mg/kg mixture of @entity64581 fraction derived from @entity6353 (FL) was compared with the same single dose of @entity12919 (EC). Resting energy expenditure (REE) was significantly increased in @entity19 treated with the FL versus the group administered the distilled water vehicle (Cont) during periods of ad libitum feeding and fasting. @entity19 were euthanized under the effect of anesthesia 2, 5, and 20 hr after treatment with FL or Cont while subsequently fasting. The mRNA levels of the @entity4305 ) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha ( @entity7111 ) in brown adipose tissue (BAT) were significantly increased 2 hr after administration of FL. @entity4308 and @entity7111 in the gastrocnemius were significantly increased 2 and 5 hr after administration of the FL. The concentrations of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) 1a were found to be significant in the gastrocnemius of @entity19 2 and 5 hr after ingesting FL. However, these changes were not observed following treatment with EC. Plasma was collected for measurement of @entity2922 levels in other animals euthanized by decapitation 2 and 4 hr after their respective group treatment. Plasma @entity1425 level was significantly elevated 2 hr after treatment with FL; however, this change was not observed following the administration of EC alone. The present results indicated that FL significantly enhanced @entity262 energy expenditure, as evidenced by an accompanying increase in the type of gene expression responsible for thermogenesis and lipolysis, whereas EC exhibited this less robustly or effectively. It was suggested the possible interaction between thermogenic and lipolytic effects and the increase in plasma @entity2922 concentrations after administration of a single oral dose of FL.

title: Enhancement of energy expenditure following a single oral dose of flavan-3-ols associated with an increase in XXXX secretion.

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity6353 :: ('3641', 'Species') :: ['cocoa', 'chocolate']

answer: @entity2922 :: (CHEBI:33567,Chemical) :: ['catecholamine']


abstract: Differential diagnosis between @entity788 / @entity6052 / and @entity788 can be very difficult. The main clinical symptoms in @entity1 with @entity788 are @entity1087 , @entity353 , @entity490 and new onset of @entity6 . Unfortunately, the same symptoms could be observed in @entity1 with @entity3123 too. Imaging methods as computed tomography /CT/ scan, magnetic resonance imaging /MRI/ and endosonography /EUS/; together with serological examination /IgG4 and Ca 19--9/ play the important role in differentiation @entity788 from @entity788 . Extrapancreatic findings are distinctive in @entity1 with @entity788 . In some cases the pancreatic biopsy is indicated, mainly in @entity1 with focal or multifocal form of @entity788 . Response to @entity230 /decreased pancreatic or extrapancreatic lesion or damage/ is distinctive to @entity6052 . In clinical practice, CT scan seems to be the most reasonable/ tool for examining the @entity1 with @entity3883 with or without present pancreatic mass/. Stratification the @entity1 with possible @entity6052 versus @entity788 is important. In @entity1 with @entity6052 it may avoid pancreatic resection, as well as incorrect @entity134 treatment in @entity1 with @entity3123 .

title: Differentiating @entity788 from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune pancreatitis', 'pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive jaundice /']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: The use of plant extract in the biosynthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) can be an eco-friendly approach and have been suggested as a possible alternative to classic methods namely physical and chemical procedures. In this study, the biosynthesis of @entity1947 ( @entity1948 ) NPs by both "conventional heating" ( @entity7617 ) and "microwave irradiation" ( @entity7841 ) methods has been reported. Stable and spherical ZnONPs were produced using @entity57566 and flesh extract of Rosa canina fruit (rosehip) which was used as a precursor. The flesh extract acts as a reducing and capping agent for generation of ZnONPs. The structural, morphological and colloidal properties of the as-synthesized NPs have been confirmed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform Infrared (FT-IR) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). In comparison with the @entity7617 method, the @entity7841 method has some advantages such as significantly short reaction time (within 8min) owing to the high heating rate and thus the accelerated reaction rate. Both methods led to the synthesis of nearly identical NPs with respect to shape and size according to the results of DLS, XRD and SEM techniques. The possible mechanism for synthesis pathway has been proposed based on FT IR results, XRD patterns, potentiometric data and antioxidant activity. In addition, the antibacterial activity of as-prepared ZnONPs was investigated against several bacteria such as @entity5125 , @entity526 , @entity2491 . Moreover, the efficacy of ZnONPs to treat @entity5 cell lines were measured by means of cell viability test via @entity98 assay in which concentrations of 0.05 and 0.1mg/mL of ZnONPs induced a very low @entity137 . Thus, the present investigation reveals that ZnONPs have the potential for various medical and industrial applications.

title: Biofabrication of XXXX nanoparticles using fruit extract of Rosa canina and their toxic potential against bacteria: A mechanistic approach.

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella typhimurium']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1947 :: ('MESH:D015034', 'Chemical') :: ['zinc oxide']

entities_list: @entity5125 :: ('1639', 'Species') :: ['Listeria monocytogenes']

entities_list: @entity57566 :: ('MESH:C042103', 'Chemical') :: ['zinc nitrate']

answer: @entity1947 :: (MESH:D015034,Chemical) :: ['zinc oxide']


abstract: PURPOSE: The effect of @entity7421 ( @entity7421 ) on tissue @entity39 and @entity1066 induced with @entity632 extravasation was studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adult @entity35 -Albino @entity35 (n=36) were used in the study. @entity632 (0.4mg/300 g) was applied subcutaneously to abdominal wall. In group I (n=18), half hours after @entity632 injection, @entity7421 6 microg/300 mg was applied subcutaneously to the same localization. In group II (n = 18) same amount of physiologic saline (0.5 ml) were given subcutaneously to the injection site (as vehicle control groups). Group II and I were examined for induration or @entity1066 on 7th and 21st day. After evaluating the lesions, the injection sites were excised. @entity720 (5-HP) values of dry tissue samples were calculated and histopathologic examination was done. RESULTS: At day seven there were four and eight @entity1066 in groups I and II, while there were four and 14 @entity1066 in the second evaluation at day 21st (p<0.05). 5-HP values of the groups were as follows. 97.43+/-20.39 in group land 91.34+/-22.26 in group II. Although there was an increase in epithelization, eosinophil and lymphocyte infiltration and mast cell number in group I in histopathologic examinations only the increase in angiogenesis in group I was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that @entity7421 may have beneficial effect in the treatment of @entity632 induced tissue @entity39 .

title: The effect of XXXX (granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor) on @entity632 induced tissue @entity39 and wound healing.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin', 'Doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity720 :: ('CHEBI:18095', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydroxyproline']

entities_list: @entity7421 :: ('116630(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['GM-CSF', 'granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor']

answer: @entity7421 :: (116630(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['GM-CSF']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the activity and safety of the @entity1205 , @entity136 and bevacizumab combination, administered biweekly, in pretreated @entity1 with @entity1722 -negative @entity0 ( @entity0 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with @entity1722 -negative @entity0 , and disease progression after at least one prior line of chemotherapy, were treated with @entity1205 50  mg/m(2), @entity136 1,500  mg/m(2) and bevacizumab 10  mg/kg every 2  weeks. Bevacizumab was continued until disease progression. RESULTS: Forty-eight @entity1 have been enrolled. Their median age was 61  years, 95.8  % had a performance status 0-1, 83.3  % had hormone receptor-positive disease, and 47.9  % had received one prior line of chemotherapy. All @entity1 were evaluable for @entity137 and 45 for response. Partial response was achieved in 20 @entity1 [PR  =  44.4  %, 95  % confidence interval (CI) 29.9-59  %] and disease stabilization in 15 (33.3  %). The median progression-free survival was 7.1  months (95  % CI 4.7-9.5  months) and the median overall survival 21.1  months (95  % CI 10.3-31.9  months). Grade 3-4 @entity1398 occurred in 19 @entity1 (39.6  %) and @entity1398 in 2 (4.2  %). Most common grade 2-3 non-hematologic adverse events included @entity390 (10.4  %), @entity294 (10.5  %), @entity2359 (12.5  %) and @entity1295 (31.3  %), whereas grade 2 @entity548 and @entity101 occurred in 6.3 and 10.4  %, respectively. There were no grade 4 @entity1503 or toxic deaths. CONCLUSION: The combination of @entity1205 , @entity136 and bevacizumab has promising activity and manageable @entity137 as salvage chemotherapy for @entity1722 -negative @entity0 @entity1 .

title: XXXX , @entity136 and bevacizumab as salvage chemotherapy for @entity1722 -negative @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Women', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic breast cancer', 'MBC']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['non-hematologic toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity1205 :: (MESH:C067311,Chemical) :: ['Docetaxel']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess functional changes measured by cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the presymptomatic stage of @entity4943 linked to chromosome 3 ( @entity4943 -3) caused by a truncating mutation in @entity13315 . DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: A memory clinic and tertiary referrals centre for @entity303 and @entity14827 . @entity1 : The authors included 11 presymptomatic @entity13315 mutation carriers and seven first-degree-related family non-carriers. @entity1 were MRI scanned twice with an interval of 15 months. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Local functional changes in brain tissue perfusion were measured as CBF with two different MR techniques, gradient echo (GRE) and @entity9468 ( @entity9468 ), focusing on CBF in all cerebral vessels (GRE) and cerebral capillaries ( @entity9468 ), respectively. As planned, data analysis included co-registration of perfusion images to structural T1 images. Perfusion data were then extracted from seven regions-of-interest, normalised to white matter and statistically compared between carriers and non-carriers. RESULTS: For @entity9468 , contrasts between carriers and non-carriers showed significant differences in temporal, occipital and parietal lobes and in hippocampus. There was no evidence of changes from baseline to follow-up. For GRE, there were no significant differences between carriers and non-carriers. CONCLUSIONS: Significantly decreased CBF was found in presymptomatic @entity13315 mutation carriers in @entity1625 . Comparing @entity9468 with GRE, data indicate that @entity4943 -3 vascular pathology might primarily affect brain capillaries.

title: Presymptomatic cerebral blood flow changes in XXXX mutation carriers of @entity303 ( @entity4943 -3), measured with MRI.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['occipital-and parietal lobes']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity4943 :: ('MESH:D057180', 'Disease') :: ['FTD', 'frontotemporal dementia']

entities_list: @entity14827 :: ('MESH:D020271', 'Disease') :: ['inherited neurodegenerative disorders']

answer: @entity13315 :: (25978,Gene) :: ['CHMP2B']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitization, pharmacokinetics, and absorption of @entity1140 after corneal transplantation. METHODS: New Zealand albino @entity95 were divided into normal and corneal transplantation groups. Each group was divided into 5 subgroups--saline, blank matrix, high-dose, medium-dose, and low-dose, respectively. There were 10 @entity95 in each subgroup. One drop (25  L) of @entity1140 was administered topically to both eyes of the @entity95 4 times daily for 30 days. Thirty days later, 5 @entity95 of each subgroup were sacrificed after the administration of the last dose. Both eyes were enucleated; the left eye was used for pathologic examination and the right eye for the determination of @entity1140 distribution. The other 5 @entity95 in each subgroup were sacrificed 14 days after the former 5 @entity95 were sacrificed, and their eyes were enucleated for pathologic examination and tissue distribution determination as the former 5 @entity95 in each subgroup (the second batch). RESULTS: @entity941 staining and local ocular reaction provided evidence that there were no significant differences between control and @entity1140 -instilled eyes in the @entity95 model at any of the tested doses. Histologic examination revealed no @entity735 in the @entity95 instilled with any doses of @entity1140 eyedrop. The peak serum concentration (C(max)) of systemic absorption ranged from 4.31  0.79 ng/mL to 14.89  6.85 ng/mL. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that up to 0.1% @entity1140 administered 4 times a day (q.i.d.) topically is safe for the @entity95 eye. However, further safety studies are required in view of systemic adverse effects.

title: Ocular safety and pharmacokinetics study of XXXX suspension eye drops after corneal transplantation.

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['ocular abnormality']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluorescein']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['FK506']


abstract: Both @entity24854 (near @entity1628 ) and @entity40761 ( @entity18957 ) polymorphisms have been consistently associated with increased risk of @entity28 and with body mass index (BMI) variation. An effect of both polymorphisms on satiety has recently been suggested. We genotyped @entity24854 and @entity40761 in 5764 relatives from 1109 French pedigrees with @entity28 , 1274 Swiss class III @entity28 adults as well as in 4877 French adults and 5612 Finnish teenagers from two randomly selected population cohorts. In all subjects, eating behaviour traits were documented through questionnaires. We first assessed the association of both single nucleotide polymorphisms with BMI and then studied eating behaviour. Under an additive model, the @entity24854 -C @entity1628 allele showed a trend towards higher percentages of snacking in both French @entity28 @entity1 (P=0.01) and Swiss @entity28 adults (P=0.04) as well as in adolescents from the Finnish general population (P=0.04). In French adults with @entity28 , this allele tended to be also associated with a higher Stunkard hunger score (P=0.02) and in @entity28 @entity1 with a higher prevalence of eating large amounts of food (P=0.04). However, no consistent association of the @entity18957 @entity40761 -C allele and available eating behaviour trait was found in our studied populations. The @entity24854 -C allele nearby @entity1628 may modulate eating behaviour-related phenotypes in European @entity28 and randomly selected populations, in both @entity1 and adults, supporting a regulatory role of this genetic variant on eating behaviour, as previously shown for @entity1628 non-synonymous loss-of-function mutations. The potential effect of the @entity28 -associated @entity18957 gene on eating behaviour deserves additional investigation.

title: Common genetic variation near XXXX is associated with eating behaviour patterns in European populations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['familial obesity', 'obesity', 'obese']

answer: @entity1628 :: (4160,Gene) :: ['MC4R']


abstract: Detection of small numbers of @entity0 cells in @entity1 blood, aphereses, and bone marrow has become increasingly important as data have accumulated showing immunocytochemically (ICC) positive @entity5 cells in up to 50% of @entity1 with @entity0 , who were initially thought to be cured of their disease but later relapsed. The ability to rule out the presence of micrometastatic disease at any stage of the clinical management protocol, whether before, during, or after therapy, would provide a useful monitoring and diagnostic tool for both the clinician and the scientist. Monitoring for the presence of @entity41 ( @entity41 ) is traditionally performed using ICC. A more recently established RT-PCR technique uses a molecular marker (the presence of the @entity4166 , @entity4166 , transcript) to identify @entity41 in @entity1 samples, with a level of sensitivity reported to be one @entity5 cell in 10(6) nucleated cells. This level of sensitivity is generally higher than that claimed for ICC. Based on the discriminating results of this first study, a number of laboratories have evaluated this technique for its diagnostic potential. Results from several laboratories showed a higher than expected false positive rate due to a variety of identified and unidentified sources. Therefore, the current study was designed to achieve two aims: to establish the level of sensitivity and specificity of the RT-PCR technique and to dissect out the possible variables that may contribute to a false positive result using this molecular approach. To accomplish the first goal, two simulation strategies were used, limited dilution of @entity5 cells into apheresis harvests and semi-quantitative PCR using stepwise dilutions of extracted RNA from @entity5 cells in apheresis harvests. The second goal was accomplished by performing sequential blood drawings with variably timed sample processing to identify some of the more common variables (time, anticoagulant, sample sequence) that may contribute to false positive results. Of three variables investigated, including type of blood preservative, sequence of blood tube collection, and time point of sample processing, each may contribute to a false positive result. In addition to these problems, known events involving illegitimate transcription of specific genes nonspecifically in tissue is also a potential source of false positive results. These issues may be further compounded by lack of attention to the more common methodologic problems encountered in any laboratory using the PCR technique. However, recommendations can be developed for the effective application of this technique, whose greatest strength is the demonstration of @entity5 negativity of the sample.

title: Comparison of molecular XXXX reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ( @entity4166 RT-PCR) and immunocytochemical detection of micrometastatic @entity0 cells in hematopoietic harvests.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'stage I and II breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['MRD', 'minimal residual disease']

answer: @entity4166 :: (3880,Gene) :: ['cytokeratin 19']


abstract: Relapses of @entity1985 are usually treated with @entity617 , initially in three to four daily divided doses. The divided-dose regimen may cause poor @entity1 compliance and greater adrenal suppression. In a prospective randomized controlled trial, we compared the efficacy of @entity617 in inducing remission of @entity1985 , when given either as a single dose or in divided doses. @entity1 with steroid-responsive @entity1985 with relapse were randomized to receive @entity617 2 mg/kg per day, either as a single morning dose or in three divided doses for 2 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg on every alternate day for 4 weeks. Parents tested the urine for protein daily until remission (nil @entity644 for 3 consecutive days). The duration between initiation of treatment and achievement of remission was recorded. Of 106 @entity1 , 94 (47 each in single-dose and divided-dose groups) completed the study. The @entity1 in the two groups were similar in relation to age, sex, number of relapses in the preceding year, and blood levels of @entity1011 , albumin, and @entity165 . The mean time for achievement of remission in the single- and divided-dose groups was 8.6 and 8.5 days, respectively (P = 0.94, power 96%). After 9 months' follow-up, there were no differences in the frequency of relapses and cumulative dose of @entity617 received in the two groups. The observations suggest that @entity617 administered in a single daily dose or in divided doses is equally effective in inducing remission in @entity1 with relapsing @entity1985 .

title: Single- versus divided-dose XXXX therapy for relapses of @entity1985 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity617 :: (MESH:D011239,Chemical) :: ['prednisolone']


abstract: Glucocorticoids are widely used in the therapy of inflammatory, autoimmune, and @entity56 . As the end-effectors of the @entity2339 , endogenous glucocorticoids also play an important role in suppressing innate and cellular immune responses. Previous studies have indicated that glucocorticoids inhibit @entity1198 and enhance Th2 cytokine secretion. IL-12 promotes @entity1198 cell-mediated immunity, while @entity3646 stimulates Th2 humoral-mediated immunity. Here, we examined the regulatory effect of glucocorticoids on key elements of IL-12 and @entity3646 signaling. We first investigated the effect of @entity619 on IL-12-inducible genes and showed that @entity619 inhibited IL-12-induced IFN-gamma secretion and IFN regulatory factor-1 expression in both NK and T cells. This occurred even though the level of expression of IL-12 receptors and IL-12-induced Janus kinase phosphorylation remained unaltered. However, @entity619 markedly inhibited IL-12-induced phosphorylation of @entity7116 without altering its expression. This was specific, as @entity3646 -induced @entity8850 phosphorylation was not affected, and mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor, as it was antagonized by the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist @entity3927 . Moreover, transfection experiments showed that @entity619 reduced responsiveness to IL-12 through the inhibition of @entity7116 -dependent IFN regulatory factor-1 promoter activity. We conclude that blocking IL-12-induced @entity7116 phosphorylation, without altering @entity3646 -induced @entity8850 phosphorylation, appears to be a new suppressive action of glucocorticoids on the @entity1198 cellular immune response and may help explain the glucocorticoid-induced shift toward the Th2 humoral immune response.

title: Inhibition of @entity1198 immune response by glucocorticoids: XXXX selectively inhibits IL-12-induced @entity7116 phosphorylation in T lymphocytes.

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases']

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['dexamethasone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the blood @entity26 level dependent (BOLD) response has commonly been used to investigate the neuropathology underlying @entity73 in @entity1 with @entity161 ( @entity161 ) by examining the positive phase of the BOLD response, assuming a fixed shape for the @entity177 ( @entity177 ). However, the individual phases (positive and post-stimulus undershoot (PSU)) of the @entity177 may be differentially affected by a variety of underlying pathologies. The current experiment used a multisensory detection task with a rapid event-related fMRI paradigm to investigate both the positive and PSU phases of the @entity177 in @entity161 and @entity23 ( @entity23 ). Behavioral results indicated no significant group differences during task performance. Analyses that examined the shape of the @entity177 indicated two distinct group differences. First, @entity161 exhibited a reduced and/or prolonged PSU following normal task-related positive BOLD activation in secondary auditory and visual sensory areas relative to @entity23 . Second, @entity161 did not show task-induced deactivation in the anterior node of the @entity15131 (aDMN) relative to @entity23 . In contrast, when performing traditional analyses that focus on the positive phase, there were no group differences. Interestingly, the magnitude of the PSU in secondary auditory and visual areas was positively associated with the magnitude of task-induced deactivation within the aDMN, suggesting a possible common neural mechanism underlying both of these abnormalities (failure in neural inhibition). Results are consistent with recent views that separate neural processes underlie the two phases of the @entity177 and that they are differentially affected in @entity161 . Hum Brain Mapp, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Hemodynamic response function abnormalities in XXXX during a multisensory detection task.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive and sensory deficits']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['HRF', 'hemodynamic response function']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['healthy controls', 'HC']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'SP']

entities_list: @entity15131 :: ('MESH:C537734', 'Disease') :: ['default-mode network']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: Cell apoptosis in @entity3124 @entity1 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of @entity295 . This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of leukocyte apoptosis in @entity1 with severe @entity295 . METHODS: Leukocyte apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. The values of @entity4404 , @entity3048 .7, and @entity10713 (7AAD) for each subtype of leukocyte were analyzed in 87 @entity1 with severe @entity295 and 27 controls. RESULTS: The percentages of apoptosis ( @entity3048 .7 [%]) in the leukocyte subsets were significantly higher in the @entity1 with severe @entity295 than in the controls. The percentages of @entity3048 .7 in leukocyte apoptosis, @entity3048 .7 in lymphocytes apoptosis, and @entity4404 +7AAD in monocytes apoptosis were significantly higher in non-survivors than in survivors. Levels of @entity3048 .7 in lymphocytes apoptosis, @entity4404 +7AAD in monocytes apoptosis, and serum @entity880 were all independently predictive of mortality. CONCLUSION: Leukocyte apoptosis is significantly higher in @entity1 with severe @entity295 . The percentages of late lymphocyte and monocyte apoptosis may be predictive of outcome in such @entity1 . Aside from serum @entity880 , @entity3048 .7 level in lymphocyte apoptosis is also a useful predictor of outcome on admission to the emergency department.

title: The prognostic value of leukocyte apoptosis in @entity1 with severe XXXX at the emergency department.

entities_list: @entity10713 :: ('MESH:C025942', 'Chemical') :: ['7-amino-actinomycin D']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2685 ( @entity2685 ) is a devastating type of @entity128 , potentially causing loss of motor and sensory function. Principally, @entity2685 is either categorized as preganglionic or postganglionic, with the early establishment of injury level being crucial for choosing the correct treatment strategy. Despite diagnostic advances, the need for a reliable, non-invasive method for establishing the @entity130 . We studied the usefulness of in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spinal cord for determination of injury level. The findings were related to neuronal and glial changes. @entity35 underwent unilateral L4 _ L5 ventral roots @entity155 or sciatic nerve axotomy. The injuries served as models for pre- and postganglionic @entity2685 , respectively. MRI of the L4/L5 spinal cord segments 4 weeks after @entity155 showed ventral horn (VH) shrinkage on the injured side compared to the uninjured side. Axotomy induced no change in the VH size on MRI. Following @entity155 , histological sections of L4/L5 revealed shrinkage in the VH grey matter area occupied by @entity2141 -positive neurons, loss of microtubular-associated protein-2 positive @entity2343 ( @entity19744 ), @entity28221 (PanNF), @entity20099 -positive synapses (SYN) and increase in immunoreactivity for the microglial OX42 and astroglial GFAP markers. Axotomy induced no changes in @entity2141 -reactivity, modest decrease of @entity19744 immunoreactivity, no changes in SYN and PanNF labelling, and a modest increase in OX42 and SYN labeling. Histological and radiological findings were congruent when assessing changes after axotomy, while MRI somewhat underestimated the shrinkage. This study indicates a potential diagnostic value of structural spinal cord MRI following @entity2685 .

title: Differentiation of Pre- and XXXX Using MRI of the Spinal Cord.

entities_list: @entity28221 :: ('MESH:C537931', 'Disease') :: ['pan-neurofilament positive axons']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity2343 :: ('MESH:D007635', 'Disease') :: ['dendritic branches']

entities_list: @entity155 :: ('MESH:D014084', 'Disease') :: ['avulsion']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury level remains']

entities_list: @entity2685 :: ('MESH:C536265', 'Disease') :: ['BPI', 'Brachial plexus injury']

answer: @entity128 :: (MESH:D020209,Disease) :: ['Postganglionic Nerve Injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To achieve optimum drug delivery of Interferon-alpha in treatment of @entity1358 , a regimen consisting of its daily intramuscular administration, in combination with oral @entity1487 , was designed and carried out. Its efficacy is examined retrospectively. METHODS: In our department 7 @entity1 with disseminated @entity1358 were treated with daily intramuscular injection of interferon-alpha (3 x 10(6) IU) and daily oral administration of @entity1487 . All @entity1 was nehprectomized before initiation of the regimen. RESULTS: Two @entity1 achieved complete, and three @entity1 achieved partial response radiographically (Overall response rate 71%). Metastatic sites of responders were lung (4) and pleura (2). The time required until response was 3.9 (median 5.4) months. In two responders, new lesions appeared in other organs despite durable response in initial pulmonary metastatic sites. There were two no-responders, one @entity1 is alive with stable disease and the other @entity1 died for progression of the disease. In all, two @entity1 died of disease, one died for other cause, one surviving without evidence of disease, and three are surviving with disease. No significant side effect was noted in these seven @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: This regimen can be carried out on outpatient basis and considerable response can be expected for @entity358 .

title: [Combination therapy of daily intramuscular injection of interferon-alpha and oral administration of XXXX for advanced @entity1358 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary and pleural lesions']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['fluorouracil']


abstract: @entity299 are the leading cause of @entity204 after noncardiac surgery. Despite theoretical benefits, @entity460 channel blockers (CCB) are not widely used in the perioperative setting. This systematic review assessed the efficacy of CCBs during noncardiac surgery. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Citation Index, PubMed, and reference lists were searched without language restriction for randomized controlled trials (RCT) evaluating CCBs during noncardiac surgery. Two reviewers independently abstracted data on @entity204 , @entity583 ( @entity583 ), @entity63 , @entity4710 ( @entity4710 ), and @entity712 ( @entity712 ). Treatment effects were calculated as relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Eleven studies (1007 @entity1 ) were included. CCBs significantly reduced @entity63 (RR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.30-0.80; P = 0.004) and @entity4710 (RR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.37-0.72; P < 0.0001). CCBs were associated with trends towards reduced @entity204 and @entity583 . In post hoc analyses, CCBs significantly reduced @entity204 / @entity583 (RR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.15-0.86; P = 0.02) and major morbid events (MME), defined as @entity204 , @entity583 , or @entity712 (RR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.17-0.89; P = 0.02). In subgroup analyses, @entity3988 significantly reduced @entity63 , @entity4710 , @entity204 / @entity583 , and MMEs. This meta-analysis shows CCBs significantly reduced @entity63 , @entity4710 , and combined end-points in the setting of noncardiac surgery. The majority of these benefits are attributable to @entity3988 , suggesting the need for further evaluation of this drug in a large RCT.

title: XXXX channel blockers for reducing cardiac morbidity after noncardiac surgery: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachyarrhythmia', 'SVT']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'CHF']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity3988 :: ('MESH:D004110', 'Chemical') :: ['diltiazem']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac complications']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']


abstract: @entity1278 is regarded as a serious mental disturbance, where @entity221 and strong resistance to treatment are symptomatic features. In many cases it leads to extreme devastation or even to death. Effective treatment of this @entity74 remains a challenge for clinicians and researchers. Since the 90-ies of the previous century there has been a rise in the free access to the internet. At present over a billion @entity1 all over the world use it. What young @entity1 look for in the internet is not only information, but also friends, support or entertainment. For last a few years, a phenomenon of pro- @entity448 has been present in the Internet, connecting @entity1 who claim that @entity448 is a "lifestyle" rather than a @entity221 , which should be treat. They communicate with each other through the internet blogs, forums and popular social networking sites, creating a virtual community. The pro-ana community is made up of adolescent @entity1 and young @entity1 who decide on dieting. Pro- @entity448 is still a poorly known phenomenon, especially in Poland. It seems to be very important to take a note on this phenomenon in the face of an increasing prevalence of @entity1277 in the last years.

title: [Friends of virtual Ana--the phenomenon of pro- XXXX in the Internet].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'girls', 'people']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['Anorexia nervosa']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating disorders']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['disorder still']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['deadly illness', 'denial of illness']

answer: @entity448 :: (MESH:D000855,Disease) :: ['anorexia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Measures of arterial stiffness could be affected by the presence of @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) and especially an intraluminal @entity715 (ILT). We, therefore, sought to study this possible connection by measuring pulse wave velocity ( @entity122 ) and pulse wave analysis (PWA) including augmentation index adjusted to heart rate 75(Aix75) in @entity1 with @entity1028 +/- ILT. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity122 and PWA were measured in male @entity1 with @entity1028 from an ongoing Danish @entity1028 screening trial. Information on blood pressure, medications, BMI and smoking status was obtained at inclusion. RESULTS: In total, 157 @entity1 were included. Mean age was 73 years. Mean @entity1028 size was 42.2 mm. Fifty-six of the @entity1 had an intraluminal @entity715 , and @entity1 with @entity1028 and ILT had a significantly higher Aix75 than @entity1 with @entity1028 but without ILT (Mean = 28.3    1.4 SEM vs. 24.9    0.81, p=0.027), a difference that was also significant when adjusting for @entity1028 size, blood pressure and age. There was no difference in @entity122 between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Haemodynamic properties of the aorta are affected by the presence of ILT in @entity1 with @entity1028 that is not explained by aortic size. Alternatively, these findings could be explained by associations between ILT and properties of the left ventricle.

title: Comparison of two devices for measuring exercise transcutaneous oxygen pressures in XXXX with claudication.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the efficacy and outcomes of transcervical resection of the endometrium ( @entity12710 ) in treatment of @entity931 . METHODS: 400 @entity1 with @entity931 due to fatigue causes who had failed in medical therapy and did not desire pregnancy and surgery underwent @entity12710 under hysteroresectoscope. Among them, 72 @entity1 with submucous @entity1868 less than 5cm in diameter had their @entity1868 resected simultaneously, 366 cases were followed up postoperatively for 3 months to 4 years. RESULTS: @entity12710 was performed successfully except 16 cases, giving a success rate of 95.6%. Three cases sustained uterine perforation. During follow-up, 146 cases (41.7%) became @entity2588 , 119 (34.0%) had only spotting. The remaining 85 (24.3%) had normal periods. 78.3% of the cases who previously had @entity1834 had relieved their @entity158 . Long-term complications were recurrent abnormal uterine bleeding (22 cases 13 of them had a second operation), @entity15111 (5) and @entity1870 (4 cases). CONCLUSION: @entity12710 is an effective procedure in treating @entity931 and @entity1868 .

title: [Analysis of the outcomes of transcervical resection of endometrium in 400 cases with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1834 :: ('MESH:D004412', 'Disease') :: ['dysmenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity1870 :: ('MESH:D062788', 'Disease') :: ['adenomyosis']

entities_list: @entity15111 :: ('MESH:D006409', 'Disease') :: ['hematometra']

entities_list: @entity931 :: ('MESH:D008595', 'Disease') :: ['menorrhagia']

entities_list: @entity1868 :: ('MESH:D009214', 'Disease') :: ['small submucous uterine myoma', 'myoma', 'uterine myoma']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

answer: @entity931 :: (MESH:D008595,Disease) :: ['menorrhagia']


abstract: In most cases the diagnosis of any molar @entity7291 in @entity1641 is made at an advanced stage, so that permanent restoration of the diseased teeth is not feasible. Complications such as @entity582 and @entity295 due to @entity281 as a result of dentogenous @entity1244 and following dentosurgical procedures have been described in @entity1 medicine and in veterinary medicine. Twenty @entity1 were available for examination from the Clinic for @entity1641 of the School of Veterinary Medicine Hannover with molar @entity7291 in upper or lower jaw. As a result of this disease the infected tooth had to be removed surgically. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of and to identify microbes in 20 @entity1 . Swab samples were taken from infected pulpa, from dental abscesses and from involved nasal sinuses. The samples were examined microbiologically and tested for aerobes and anaerobes at the same time. Infectious agents were found in 19 of 20 @entity1641 . In all, 27 different species of infectious agents were isolated, including both aerobic and anaerobic microbes. Fifteen @entity1 (75%) showed a mixed flora. Further differentiation indicated a preponderance of the group of gram-negative obligatory anaerobic agents isolated from a total of 17 @entity1641 . In all these samples there was a high concentration of infectious agents of these genera, the most common of which were Prevotella spp (n = 16) and Fusobacterium spp. (n = 15). Pre-surgical antibacterial therapy is recommended to reduce the risk of intra- and/or post-surgical @entity582 and its serious consequences. In light of these microbiological results and considering the high degree of resistance among all anaerobic microbes, all @entity1 in this study were treated with @entity115 .

title: [Bacteriological findings for endodontical and apical molar @entity7291 in the XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicaemia']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['Amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity582 :: ('MESH:C531821', 'Disease') :: ['bacteraemia']

entities_list: @entity7291 :: ('MESH:D009057', 'Disease') :: ['dental disease']

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['horse']


abstract: The study evaluates whether the @entity8577 ( @entity8577 ) @entity95 is an adequate model to study mechanisms that underlie differences in tissue response after @entity130 . Postangioplasty studies of @entity1 coronary arteries have revealed that healing and restenotic processes differ depending on whether the laceration is limited to the @entity731 plaque or whether injury extends into the media. Forty-five homozygous @entity8577 @entity95 underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the left subclavian artery. The inflated arterial segment was studied histologically at 3, 7, 14, 28, and 56 days, using conventional and immunohistochemical techniques to identify macrophages, smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotypes, and cell proliferation. Electron microscopy was done to study reendothelialization. There were marked differences in response between those segments with medial injury and those with injury limited to the @entity731 plaque tissues. The latter category shows a distinct retardation in redifferentiation of SMCs, confirming previous observations in @entity1 coronary arteries. In these segments, moreover, cell proliferation occurred mainly in macrophages and spindle cells. Medial injury showed a more florid fibrocellular response, as in @entity1 coronary arteries, with cell proliferation initially confined to areas with dedifferentiated SMCs in the preexistent media and, once neointimal tissue was formed, among spindle cells also. The similarities with the repair processes encountered in postangioplasty @entity1 coronary arteries suggest that the @entity8577 @entity95 is an adequate model to study differences in the response related to different types of @entity130 .

title: The @entity8577 XXXX is a suitable experimental model to study differences in tissue response between intimal and medical injury after balloon angioplasty.

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity8577 :: ('MESH:D065627', 'Disease') :: ['Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic', 'WHHL']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['angioplasty injury', 'postangioplasty injury']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: Previous studies have revealed that @entity558 can activate transcription of the @entity1618 gene promoter through an @entity10591 ( @entity10591 ) binding site in @entity19 macrophage RAW264.7. In this study, we determined that, in addition to @entity10591 , @entity19775 and delta were also involved in @entity558 -induced gene expression of @entity1618 . By transient transfection with 5'-deletion mutants of the @entity1618 promoter, we found that there were two @entity558 -responsive elements in the promoter of the @entity19 @entity1618 gene. Analysis of these two regions by gel shift assay suggested that @entity10591 and @entity19775 and delta were bound to these two regions, respectively. By site-directed mutagenesis, we found that disruption at both the @entity10591 and C/EBP binding sites almost completely blocked the @entity558 response. By gel shift assay and Western blotting, we found that the DNA binding complex and protein expression of @entity19775 and delta were increased by @entity558 treatment, but these results were not found for @entity10591 . Overexpression of @entity19775 or @entity44758 , respectively, activated the promoter of the @entity1618 gene, and they were enhanced by @entity558 . Coimmunoprecipitation experiments in intact cells indicated that @entity558 stimulated interaction between @entity10591 and @entity19775 and delta. These results suggested that the interaction between @entity10591 and @entity19775 and delta induced by @entity558 cooperatively activated expression of the @entity1618 gene. The increase of @entity19775 and delta proteins and the enhancement of transactivation activity of @entity19775 and delta by @entity558 treatment, at least in part, explain the activation of @entity1618 gene expression.

title: Functional cooperation of simian virus 40 promoter factor 1 and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta and delta in lipopolysaccharide-induced gene activation of XXXX in @entity19 macrophages.

answer: @entity1618 :: (16153(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IL-10']


abstract: Two indigenous Cameroonian taurine @entity291 breeds (Namchi and Kapsiki) were evaluated for trypanosusceptibility following inoculation with Trypanosoma congolense. The degree of @entity7040 ancestry in the experimental animals was assessed using 6 microsatellite markers which are known to have certain unique alleles which are diagnostic of @entity7040 genetic input. Their response to the @entity281 was compared to that of known trypanotolerant (N'Dama) and trypanosusceptible (Ngaoundere Gudali) @entity291 . The Namchi and the N'Dama controlled the development and severity of @entity417 and parasitaemia better than the Kapsiki and the Gudali. For these parameters, there was no significant difference between the N'Dama and Namachi nor between the Kapsiki and Gudali. Similarly, @entity353 showed significant breed variation. The N'Dama lost the least weight and the Kapsiki the most. @entity7040 introgression in the Namchi was comparable to that in the N'Dama while that of the Kapsiki breed was higher, indicating a high level of cross breeding. From the results, the Namchi are considered trypanotolerant while the Kapsiki are trypanosusceptible. The potential exploitation of the indigenous Namchi @entity291 is discussed.

title: Susceptibility of the Namchi and Kapsiki @entity291 of Cameroon to trypanosome XXXX .

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity7040 :: ('9915', 'Species') :: ['Zebu', 'zebu', 'Bos indicus']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: The seasonal dynamics and spatial distributions of Anopheles mosquitoes and @entity3964 parasites were studied for one year at 30 villages in Malindi, Kilifi, and Kwale Districts along the coast of Kenya. Anopheline mosquitoes were sampled inside houses at each site once every two months and @entity311 parasite prevalence in local school @entity1 was determined at the end of the entomologic survey. A total of 5,476 @entity313 s.l. and 3,461 An. funestus were collected. Species in the An. gambiae complex, identified by a polymerase chain reaction, included 81.9% An. gambiae s.s., 12.8% An. arabiensis, and 5.3% An. merus. @entity313 s.s. contributed most to the transmission of @entity3964 along the coast as a whole, while An. funestus accounted for more than 50% of all transmission in Kwale District. Large spatial heterogeneity of transmission intensity (< 1 up to 120 infective bites per @entity1 per year) resulted in correspondingly large and significantly related variations in parasite prevalence (range = 38-83%). Thirty-two percent of the sites (7 of 22 sites) with @entity311 prevalences ranging from 38% to 70% had annual entomologic inoculation rates (EIR) less than five infective bites per @entity1 per year. @entity313 s.l. and An. funestus densities in Kwale were not significantly influenced by rainfall. However, both were positively correlated with rainfall one and three months previously in Malindi and Kilifi Districts, respectively. These unexpected variations in the relationship between mosquito populations and rainfall suggest environmental heterogeneity in the predominant aquatic habitats in each district. One important conclusion is that the highly non-linear relationship between EIRs and prevalence indicates that the consistent pattern of high prevalence might be governed by substantial variation in transmission intensity measured by entomologic surveys. The field-based estimate of entomologic parameters on a district level does not provide a sensitive indicator of transmission intensity in this study.

title: Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of Anopheles mosquitoes and XXXX transmission along the Kenyan coast.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'person']

entities_list: @entity313 :: ('7165', 'Species') :: ['Anopheles gambiae']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['P. falciparum', 'Plasmodium falciparum']

answer: @entity3964 :: (5833,Species) :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sedentary time is an independent risk factor for @entity66 and mortality. It is unknown how much time individuals with @entity453 spend being sedentary or how their sedentary time relates to markers of health. The objectives of this study were to: (a) quantify sedentary time in a post-cardiac rehabilitation (CR) population, and (b) assess association with cardiometabolic risk, independent of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. METHODS: As part of a larger trial, 263 recent CR graduates (   10 days post-CR, mean age 63.6        9.3 years, 75% male) wore an ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer during waking hours (>= 4 days, >= 10 hours/day) to quantify sedentary time ( <=150 counts per minute). Spearman correlations were computed to assess relationships between sedentary time (adjusted for wear time) with markers of @entity283 and @entity410 . Significant markers were examined using multiple linear regressions. RESULTS: @entity1 spent an average of almost 8 hours/day sedentary (   14 bouts/day). Sedentary time was negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein and [Formula: see text]O2peak and positively correlated with @entity1674 , body mass index and waist circumference. After adjusting for age, sex, medications and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, hours/day of sedentary time remained significantly associated with log[Formula: see text]O2peak (b   =   -0.02, p   =   0.003) and body mass index (b   =   0.47, p   =   0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that even among a group of post-CR individuals who are already probably more active than @entity1 who have not undergone CR, sedentary time remains high and is associated with poorer @entity410 , suggesting a possible new area of focus among CR programs.

title: Objectively-measured sedentary time and its association with markers of XXXX and @entity410 among cardiac rehabilitation graduates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['fitness', 'cardiorespiratory fitness']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cardiometabolic disease']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['cardiometabolic health']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity283 :: (OMIM:603663,Disease) :: ['cardiometabolic health']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laboratoires Domilens, Lyon, France, has introduced a new aspheric multifocal @entity2790 ( @entity2790 ), the Progress 3. The central portion, measuring 4.7 mm in diameter, has an anterior surface of progressively increasing power, such that there is a central add of +5.00 dioptres. We compared contrast sensitivity and depth of focus in @entity1 who received the Progress 3 and in those who received a conventional monofocal @entity2790 . METHODS: Prospective study. Forty @entity1 with age-related @entity231 were randomly divided into two groups: 20 @entity1 received the Progress 3 aspheric multifocal @entity2790 , and 20 @entity1 received a conventional monofocal @entity2790 of similar design. Contrast sensitivity was measured with the Pelli-Robson letter-based chart. Depth of focus was determined by dialling a series of overcorrections over the @entity1 's manifest refraction until the @entity1 read 6/12 clearly. The depth of focus was defined as the range over which 6/12 or better acuity was achieved. @entity227 was evaluated by @entity1 questionnaire. RESULTS: Mean contrast sensitivity was significantly lower in the @entity1 with a multifocal @entity2790 than in those with a monofocal @entity2790 (1.38 vs. 1.56 log units) (p < 0.001). The mean depth of focus values for the two groups were 3.10 D and 1.65 D respectively (p < 0.001). The prevalence of subjective problems was similar in the two groups. INTERPRETATION: In our opinion, aspheric multifocal IOLs should be reserved for @entity1 who are willing to trade increased depth of focus for reduced contrast sensitivity postoperatively.

title: Contrast sensitivity and depth of focus with aspheric multifocal versus conventional monofocal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['IOL', 'intraocular lens']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['Quality of vision']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

answer: @entity2790 :: (MESH:D009798,Disease) :: ['intraocular lens']


abstract: PurposeCorrelate OCT-derived measures of drusen and @entity989 ( @entity989 ) @entity194 areas (RAs) with demographic features in an elderly population. @entity1 and methodsSubjects aged 50 years and older underwent Cirrus OCT scanning. Drusen area and volume were obtained from the macula within a central circle (CC) of 3   mm and a surrounding perifoveal ring (PR) of 3-5   mm, using the @entity989 analysis software (6.0). RA measurements were generated for the 6 * 6   mm(2) retinal area. Gender, age, smoking status, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were considered.ResultsA total of 434 eyes were included. RA was larger in @entity1 (0.63  0.16 vs 0.26  0.08   mm(2), P=0.05) and with increasing age. The PR drusen area increased with increasing age (P<0.001), whereas the CC drusen area remained stable after the age of 70 years (0.25  0.06   mm(2) for ages 70-79 years and 0.25  0.07   mm(2) for ages >80 years). Drusen volume in the CC was smaller after the age of 80 years (0.009  0.003   mm(3)) compared with the 70- to 79-year-old group (0.02  0.008   mm(3)). Drusen measurements were similar between smokers and nonsmokers, but the PR drusen area (0.29   mm(2), P=0.05) and volume (0.40   mm(3), P=0.005) were correlated with years smoked. RA (0.24   mm(2), P=0.10), PR drusen area (0.29   mm(2), P=0.05), and volume (0.40   mm(3), P=0.005) were found to be directly associated with SBP. There was a high correlation between the eyes of the same subject.ConclusionOCT-based automated algorithms can be used to analyze and describe drusen and @entity10691 in such population-based studies of elderly @entity1 .

title: Drusen and XXXX @entity194 automated quantification by optical coherence tomography in an elderly population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity10691 :: ('MESH:D057092', 'Disease') :: ['geographic atrophy burden']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal pigment epithelium', 'RPE']

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['RPE']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the current status of advanced imaging techniques in identification of organ-confined @entity263 with a focus on their impact on @entity1 management. RECENT FINDINGS: Transrectal ultrasound suffers from poor accuracy despite significant technical improvements. Generally used to distinguish @entity5 with extraprostatic spread, MRI is now focusing on @entity263 identification. At 1.5T, the most recent high-resolution pelvic phased-array coils provide excellent imaging of the whole gland, including this challenging anterior part. Improvements in accuracy for @entity5 detection and volume estimation result from dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted imaging sequences. Histological correlations showed high sensitivity/specificity for significant @entity5 . 3T MRI scanners will improve these results. Most of the recent PET/computed tomography imaging studies use @entity1877 derivatives ( @entity25249 and @entity9242 ). Their results are promising but insufficient to be currently recommended in routine practice. SUMMARY: Considerable advances have been made in the identification of organ-confined @entity263 with multiparametric MRI. Only prebiopsy MRI can provide best quality of @entity5 assessment and allows for targeting biopsies. It is hoped that advances in 3T MRI as well as in radiotracers for PET/computed tomography will further improve diagnosis, treatment selection, planning and outcomes.

title: Imaging of organ-confined XXXX : functional ultrasound, MRI and PET/computed tomography.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['intraprostatic prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['volume cancers', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity9242 :: ('MESH:C514960', 'Chemical') :: ['(18)F-fluorocholine']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: The major humoral immune responses in animals infected with @entity380 are directed toward @entity1735 antigens. Among these antigens are complex-type N-glycans expressing LDN [ @entity69960 -R], LDNF [ @entity69961 -R], and polymeric Lewis x (Lex) [ @entity69962 ]n-R epitopes. We have now evaluated the potential of the three glycan antigens as targets for immune-mediated intervention of infections and serodiagnosis. A variety of approaches were employed, including ELISA, Western blot, immunohistology, and in vitro complement lysis assays, to determine the immunogenicity of the glycans in infected @entity1 , their localization on the parasites and their efficacy as targets for parasite lysis. Our results show that @entity383 -infected @entity1 , with either @entity1944 , generate predominantly IgM, but also IgG and IgA, antibodies to LDN, LDNF, and Lex. However, immune responses to Lex are generally lower than responses to LDN and LDNF and less specific to schistosome infections. Western blot analysis with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to LDN, LDNF, and Lex determinants show that the glycan antigens occur on multiple glycoproteins from cercariae, 3-h, 48-h, and lung stage schistosomula, as well as adults and eggs. Immunohistological studies demonstrate that LDN, LDNF, and Lex are expressed on the parasite surface at all stages of development in the vertebrate host. Importantly, a mAb to LDN in the presence of complement efficiently kills schistosomula in vitro, as demonstrated by flow-cytometric assays that quantify cytolysis by @entity2667 uptake into damaged parasites. These findings raise the possibility that LDN and LDNF may be targets for vaccination and/or serodiagnosis of chronic @entity2040 in @entity1 .

title: Immunity to XXXX : glycans are potential antigenic targets for immune intervention.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity69960 :: ('CHEBI:61190', 'Chemical') :: ['GalNAcbeta1-4GlcNAc']

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal or hepatosplenic disease']

entities_list: @entity2667 :: ('MESH:D011419', 'Chemical') :: ['propidium iodide']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity380 :: ('6183', 'Species') :: ['Schistosoma mansoni']

entities_list: @entity2040 :: ('MESH:D012552', 'Disease') :: ['schistosomiasis']

entities_list: @entity69961 :: ('MESH:C488538', 'Chemical') :: ['GalNAcbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc']

entities_list: @entity69962 :: ('MESH:D016256|MESH:C110530', 'Chemical') :: ['Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc']

answer: @entity2040 :: (MESH:D012552,Disease) :: ['schistosomiasis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: BACKGROUND The polymorphism of @entity21622 dehydrogenase ( @entity5369 ) has been reported as a risk factor for @entity601 ( @entity601 ). In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of @entity5369 gene are associated with @entity601 in a Chinese population and to determine their mechanism of action. MATERIAL AND METHODS @entity5369 gene was scanned in a total of 270 @entity601 cases and 192 healthy controls by using next-generation sequencing (NGS) method. After quality control procedures, 208 selected SNP sites in @entity5369 gene were enrolled for follow-up statistical association analyses. Functional analyses were also performed for significant SNPs through bioinformatics analysis. @entity1501 levels of brain tissue in available @entity601 cases and healthy controls (113 and 123, respectively) were measured. Statistical and bioinformatics analyses were performed to investigate the relationship between SNPs in @entity5369 and susceptibility to @entity601 . RESULTS Statistical analysis showed that 2 independent SNPs, @entity68112 and @entity68113 , confer the risk of @entity601 (P value=0.0195, OR (odds ratio)=1.41, 95% CI (confidence interval)=1.06-1.88; P value=0.0107, OR=0.56, 95% CI=0.36-0.87). The haplotype GGGG, which consists of 4 SNPs ( @entity52259 , @entity68114 , @entity68115 , and @entity68116 ), is also associated with risk of @entity601 (P value=0.0438, OR=0.7180, 95% CI=0.5214-0.9888). The risk allele C of @entity68112 is also associated with decreased @entity1501 levels in the brain (P value=0.0222, standard beta=-0.2238, 95% CI=-0.4128 - -0.0349) according to analysis in the subset of @entity601 cases and healthy controls. Bioinformatics analysis indicates that @entity68112 and @entity68113 are within ENCODE regulatory regions, the open chromatin regions of blastula Trophoblast cell line, and histone-marked region of brain astrocyte cell line. CONCLUSIONS The polymorphism of SNP loci @entity68112 and @entity68113 as well as a haplotype in @entity5369 gene could serve as an indicator for the occurrence of @entity601 in Chinese population and some specific genotypes of the loci may have lower risk of developing @entity601 .

title: Polymorphisms in @entity5369 Gene and Susceptibility to Neural Tube Defects: A Case-Control Study in a Chinese Han Population with Relatively Low XXXX Levels.

entities_list: @entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['folic acid', 'Folic acid']

entities_list: @entity21622 :: ('CHEBI:25297', 'Chemical') :: ['methylenetetrahydrofolate']

entities_list: @entity601 :: ('MESH:D009436', 'Disease') :: ['NTDs', 'neural tube defects']

answer: @entity1501 :: (MESH:D005492,Chemical) :: ['Folate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Scorpion stings are a public health problem in Brazil and lactating @entity1 may be affected. We aimed to study the effects of Tityus bahiensis venom in the offspring of @entity35 treated during lactation. Mothers received a subcutaneous injection of saline (1.0ml/kg) or venom (2.5mg/kg) or an intraperitoneal injection of LPS (lipopolysaccharide) (100 g/kg) on @entity16843 ( @entity16843 ) days 2 (PN2), 10 (PN10) or 16 (PN16). The offspring were evaluated during the childhood and adulthood. Pups showed a delay in physical and reflexological development, and a decrease in motor activity. Adults displayed low @entity148 . There was an increase in the number of viable neuronal cells in hippocampal areas @entity1249 and @entity16711 . The levels of IFN-y ( @entity3692 ) increased in the experimental groups. Several of the parameters analyzed showed important differences between the sexes. Thus, the scorpion venom affects the development in the offspring of mothers envenomed during the lactation.

title: Effect of maternal exposure to Tityus bahiensis scorpion venom during lactation on the offspring of XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: The biological function of @entity1 ovaries declines with age. To identify the potential molecular changes in ovarian aging, we performed genome-wide gene expression analysis by microarray of ovaries from young, middle-aged, and old @entity2608 . Microarray data was validated by quantitative real-time PCR. Results showed that a total of 503 (60 upregulated, 443 downregulated) and 84 (downregulated) genes were differentially expressed in old ovaries compared to young and middle-aged groups, respectively. No difference in gene expression was found between middle-aged and young groups. Differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in cell and organelle, cellular and physiological process, binding, and catalytic activity. These genes were primarily associated with KEGG pathways of cell cycle, DNA replication and repair, oocyte meiosis and maturation, MAPK, @entity68054 , and @entity68055 signaling pathway. Genes upregulated were involved in aging, defense response, oxidation reduction, and negative regulation of cellular process; genes downregulated have functions in reproduction, cell cycle, DNA and RNA process, macromolecular complex assembly, and positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process. These findings show that monkey ovary undergoes substantial change in global transcription with age. Gene expression profiles are useful in understanding the mechanisms underlying ovarian aging and age-associated @entity249 in primates.

title: Age-Specific Gene Expression Profiles of XXXX Ovaries Detected by Microarray Analysis.

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['rhesus monkeys']

answer: @entity2608 :: (9544,Species) :: ['Rhesus Monkey']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity735 are one of the characteristic adverse events associated with @entity11730 chemotherapy. In this retrospective study, we investigated the frequency and outcome of @entity735 associated with @entity11730 chemotherapy in @entity356 @entity1 . This retrospective study included 75 advanced @entity356 @entity1 who received @entity11730 monotherapy between January 2014 and December 2015. We retrospectively evaluated the frequency, Grade, and @entity735 . @entity735 were observed in 16 @entity1 (21%). The median time of onset was 3(range, 1-8)months. Grade 2 @entity735 , eye discharge, and @entity2024 were reported in 14, 8, and 4 @entity1 , respectively. Artificial tears, @entity11074 eye-drops, and both of these treatments were used in 7, 1, and 8 @entity1 , respectively. Ophthalmologic examination was performed for 3 @entity1 . No delay or reduction of @entity11730 therapy was required for the @entity735 . @entity735 associated with @entity11730 therapy in @entity356 @entity1 did not affect treatment if managed properly using eye drops.

title: [Eye Disorders Associated with @entity11730 Chemotherapy in XXXX @entity1 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['watering eyes', 'treatment of eye disorders', 'eye disorders', 'Eye disorders']

entities_list: @entity11074 :: ('MESH:D005469', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorometholone']

entities_list: @entity2024 :: ('MESH:D003231', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity1702 ( @entity1702 ) have been used for the palliative treatment of malignant @entity1084 ( @entity1084 ). The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of salvage @entity1702 for stent malfunction and to identify the prognostic factors for a longer patency. METHODS: A total of 108 @entity1 who underwent a secondary salvage @entity1702 placement for a primary stent malfunction were retrospectively reviewed at the Seoul National University Hospital between August 2004 and May 2013. The duration of patency for salvage @entity1702 was defined as the time between salvage @entity1702 placement and the recurrence of obstructive symptoms that were confirmed either endoscopically or radiologically. RESULTS: The technical and clinical success rates for salvage @entity1702 were 100 and 82.4  % (95  % confidence interval [CI] 74.0-89.0), respectively. A salvage @entity1702 malfunction occurred in 29 (26.9  %) of the 108 @entity1 . The median duration of patency for salvage @entity1702 was 59.5  days (range 3-928, 95  % CI 73.7-118.3). Longer @entity1702 patencies of more than 60  days were significantly associated with palliative chemotherapy (odds ratio  =  2.539, 95  % CI 1.031-6.252, p  =  .043). For salvage @entity1702 , covered-uncovered stents had a longer patency duration, as compared with other combinations of primary and salvage stent types. CONCLUSIONS: Longer patency durations for salvage @entity1702 were associated with palliative chemotherapy after salvage @entity1702 insertion. Salvage @entity1702 could be a feasible and effective treatment for primary stent malfunction in malignant @entity1084 .

title: Clinical outcomes of re-stenting in XXXX with stent malfunction in malignant @entity1084 .

entities_list: @entity1084 :: ('MESH:D017219', 'Disease') :: ['gastric outlet obstruction', 'GOO']

entities_list: @entity1702 :: ('MESH:D013651', 'Disease') :: ['SEMS', 'Self-expanding metal stents']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Gene duplications are an important factor in plant evolution and @entity8625 ( @entity8625 ) genes are of particular interest. Receptor-like kinases (RLK) expanded massively in land plants and @entity368 -Rich Repeat (LRR)-RLKs constitute the largest RLK family. Based on the phylogeny of 7,554 LRR-RLK genes from 31 fully sequenced flowering plant genomes, the complex evolutionary dynamics of this family was characterized in depth. We studied the involvement of selection during the expansion of this family among angiosperms. LRR-RLK subgroups harbor extremely contrasted rates of duplication, retention or loss and @entity8625 copies are predominantly found in subgroups involved in environmental interactions. Expansion rates also differ significantly depending on the time when rounds of expansion or loss occurred on the angiosperm phylogenetic tree. Finally, using a dN/dS-based test in a phylogenetic framework, we searched for selection footprints on @entity8625 and single-copy LRR-RLK genes. Selective constraint appeared to be globally relaxed at @entity8625 genes and codons under positive selection were detected in 50% of them. Moreover, the LRR domains - and specifically four @entity3534 in them - were found to be the main targets of positive selection. Here, we provide an extensive overview of the expansion and evolution of this very large gene family.

title: Evolutionary dynamics of the XXXX -Rich Repeats Receptor-Like Kinase (LRR-RLK) subfamily in angiosperms.

entities_list: @entity3534 :: ('MESH:D000596', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity8625 :: ('MESH:D015456', 'Disease') :: ['lineage specific expanded', 'LSE']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['Leucine']

answer: @entity368 :: (CHEBI:25017,Chemical) :: ['Leucine']