abstract: INTRODUCTION: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a histopathological feature that is associated with an increased risk for micrometastasis. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic and staging value of LVI among @entity1 with @entity1721 ( @entity1721 ) undergoing esophagectomy. METHODS: A prospective database of @entity1 with @entity1721 was used to retrospectively analyze 666 cases to identify the relationship between LVI and survival, and to evaluate predictive accuracy of prognosis after combining LVI and the @entity5 , node, and @entity3 (TNM) system. Pathological slides were reassessed by gastrointestinal pathologists according  to the strict criteria; 1000-bootstrap resampling was used for internal validation, and 222 cases from an independent multicenter database were used for external validation. RESULTS: LVI was present in 33.8% of @entity1 , and the proportion increased with advancing T and N classification. LVI was an independent predictor of unfavorable @entity66 ( @entity66 ) (hazard ratio  = 1.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.30-1.94) and @entity66 ( @entity66 ) (hazard ratio  = 1.62, 95% confidence interval: 1.32-1.98) after T classification. Among node-negative @entity1 , LVI and T classification were two independent predictors of @entity66 and @entity66 (p < 0.001). The risk score model combing LVI and T classification improved the predictive accuracy of the TNM system for @entity66 and @entity66 by 3.5% and 4.8%, respectively (p < 0.001). The external validation showed congruent results. The @entity66 of TxN0MO disease with LVI was similar to the @entity66 of TxN1M0 (both p > 0.05). In contrast, LVI was not associated with @entity66 or @entity66 among node-positive @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The independent prognostic significance of  LVI existed only in node-negative @entity1 with @entity1721 , and  the combination of LVI and the TNM system enhanced the  predictive accuracy of prognosis. After confirmation, node-negative @entity1 with LVI might be considered for upstaging in pathological staging.

title: Identification and Validation of Lymphovascular Invasion as a Prognostic and Staging Factor in Node-Negative XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['DFS', 'DSS', 'disease-specific survival', 'disease-free survival']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['ESCC', 'esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1721 :: (MESH:C562729,Disease) :: ['Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma']


abstract: @entity11387 may occur secondarily to @entity6 or independently. The course of @entity11387 is not known in either type. Twenty-one @entity11387 @entity1 were included in this study (13 females, 8 males). The @entity1 were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of @entity6 . In the group (11 @entity1 ) of @entity11387 which was secondary to @entity2316 were partially improved in 5 @entity1 who had controlled @entity6 , although it was difficult to control @entity6 with insulin or oral hypoglycemics in such @entity1 . @entity11387 appeared insidiously in nine of these eleven @entity1 . The posterior neck was involved, but the face was not. In @entity1 without @entity6 , the @entity11387 lesions began acutely in eight of ten of them. The course of the disease was usually stationary rather than showing acute improvement. Facial involvement was found in half of all the @entity1 . In conclusion, @entity11387 @entity1 with @entity6 may improve if their @entity6 is controlled, and facial involvement may be related to @entity11387 without @entity6 .

title: A clinical observation of XXXX and its relationship to @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes, lesions']

entities_list: @entity11387 :: ('MESH:D012592', 'Disease') :: ['Scleredema', 'scleredema']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity11387 :: (MESH:D012592,Disease) :: ['scleredema adultorum']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity34389 aerobically respires with several terminal oxidases. The @entity9151 oxidase (Cyo) encoded by cyoABCD is needed for efficient adaptation to low @entity26 conditions, and cyo transcription is up-regulated at low @entity26 . This study sought to determine how transcription of the cyo operon is regulated. The 5' sequence upstream of cyo was analyzed in silico and revealed putative binding sites for ActR of the ActSR two-component regulatory system. The expression of cyo was decreased in an actSR mutant regardless of the @entity26 condition. Because ActSR is known to be important for growth at low pH in another rhizobial species, the effect of growth-medium pH on cyo expression was tested. As the pH of the media was incrementally decreased, cyo expression gradually increased in the wild type, eventually reaching approximately 10-fold higher levels at low pH (4.8) compared to neutral pH (7.0) conditions. This up-regulation of cyo under decreasing pH conditions was eliminated in the actSR mutant. Both the actSR and cyo mutants had severe growth defects at low pH (4.8). Lastly, the actSR and cyo mutants had severe growth defects when grown in media treated with an @entity68 chelator. In this condition, cyo was up-regulated in the wild type whereas cyo was not induced in the actSR mutant. Altogether, the results indicate cyo expression is largely dependent on the ActSR 2-component system. This study also demonstrates additional physiological roles for Cyo in @entity34388 , in which it is the preferred oxidase for growth in acidic and low @entity68 conditions.

title: The @entity9151 oxidase encoded by cyoABCD in XXXX is regulated by ActSR and is crucial for growth at low pH or low @entity68 conditions.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity34389 :: ('29449', 'Species') :: ['Rhizobium etli']

answer: @entity34388 :: (347834,Species) :: ['Rhizobium etli CFN42']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Endoscopic surveillance of @entity1 with columnar-lined oesophagus (CLO) may identify those with @entity420 (AC). The benefits of surveillance are unproven and there is little evidence to support recommendations for precise endoscopic intervals. We sought to examine surveillance practice for CLO in the UK and the impact of endoscopic intervals on detection of @entity66 . METHODS: Eight hundred and seventeen @entity1 with CLO, registered with the UK National Barrett's Oesophagus registry and undergoing surveillance were studied. Endoscopic intervals were calculated and frequency of detection of @entity66 analysed using chi2 test of association. Factors affecting surveillance intervals were analysed using multiple linear regression. RESULTS: 94.7% of @entity1 with @entity258 ( @entity258 ), 95.0% with @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) and 71.4% with AC were diagnosed on surveillance endoscopies. Mean endoscopic surveillance intervals varied between the centres from 1.07 to 1.63 years for nondysplastic @entity16973 ; 0.69-1.19 years for @entity258 , and 0.35-1.17 years for @entity1893 ; with overall mean surveillance intervals of 1.29, 1.01 and 0.44 years, respectively. When @entity258 was surveyed, significantly higher proportions of @entity1893 /AC were detected at intervals of 3 months or less (P=0.013). Shorter endoscopic intervals were significantly associated with the presence of oesophageal strictures (P=0.002), @entity1066 (P=0.046), increasing @entity1 age (P<0.001) and higher grade of @entity1141 surveyed (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: A variation in surveillance practice for CLO was observed throughout the UK. A large proportion of @entity66 is detected on specific surveillance endoscopies. Shorter endoscopic intervals for surveillance of @entity258 are associated with an increased detection of @entity1893 /AC.

title: Surveillance of Barrett's columnar-lined oesophagus in the UK: endoscopic intervals and frequency of detection of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic disease']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['HGD', 'high-grade dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['LGD', 'low-grade dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['early adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity1141 :: (MESH:C535662,Disease) :: ['dysplasia']


abstract: @entity2008 are increasingly used to risk stratify adults with @entity981 . Published data describing the age-specific incidence of @entity2008 and their prognostic relevance are largely derived from clinical trials. Trials frequently have age restrictions and low recruitment rates. Thus we investigated these factors in a population-based cohort of 349 @entity1 diagnosed during the course of 19 years in the northern part of England. The incidence of most @entity2008 varied significantly with age. The incidence of t(9;22)(q34;q11) increased in each successive decade, up to 24% among 40- to 49-year-old subjects. Thereafter the incidence reached a plateau. t(4;11)(q21;q23) and t(1;19)(q23;p13) were a rare occurrence among @entity1 older than 60 years of age. In contrast, the frequency of t(8;14)(q24;q32) and t(14;18)(q32;q21) increased with age. High hyperdiploidy occurred in 13% of @entity1 younger than 20 years of age but in only 5% of older @entity1 . The incidence of @entity258 /near-triploidy and complex karyotype increased with age from 4% (15-29 years) to 16% (>or= 60 years). Overall survival varied significantly by age and cytogenetics. Older @entity1 and those with t(9;22), t(4;11), @entity258 /near-triploidy, or complex karyotype had a significantly inferior outcome. These population-based results demonstrate the cytogenetic heterogeneity of adult @entity981 . These data will inform the delivery of routine clinical services and the design of new age-focused clinical trials.

title: A population-based cytogenetic study of adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormalities', 'Chromosomal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low hypodiploidy']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity5 microenvironment plays in an important role in the progression of @entity5 by mediating stromal-epithelial paracrine signaling, which can aberrantly modulate cellular proliferation and tumorigenesis. Exposure to environmental toxicants, such as inorganic @entity3494 (iAs), has also been implicated in the progression of @entity263 . OBJECTIVE: The role of iAs exposure on stromal signaling in the @entity5 microenvironment largely has been unexplored. Our objective was to elucidate molecular mechanisms of iAs-induced changes to stromal signaling by an enriched @entity263 microenvironment cell population, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (ASC). RESULTS: ASC conditioned media (CM) collected after one week of iAs exposure @entity263 cell viability compared to ASC CM which received no iAs exposure. Cytokine array analysis suggested changes to cytokine signaling associated with iAs exposure. Subsequent proteomic analysis suggested a concentration-dependent alteration to the @entity13975 / @entity3499 / @entity2533 signaling pathway by iAs. These results were validated by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot, confirming a concentration-dependent increase in @entity13975 and decrease in @entity3499 expression in ASC following iAs exposure. Subsequently, utilizing a @entity2533 pathway reporter construct we confirmed a decrease in stromal @entity2533 signaling in ASC following iAs exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a concentration-dependent alteration of stromal signaling, specifically attenuation of stromal-mediated @entity2533 signaling following exposure to iAs. Our results indicate iAs may enhance @entity263 cell viability through a previously unreported stromal-based mechanism. These findings illustrate that the stroma may mediate the effects of iAs in @entity5 progression, which may have future therapeutic implications.

title: Inorganic @entity3494 Related Changes in the XXXX Microenvironment in a @entity263 Cell-Conditioned Media Model.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'prostate tumor', 'increased prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Stromal Tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A significantly increased rate of positive preinterventional @entity146 histories in the unruptured @entity439 collective was demonstrated previously. The current study was designed to analyze the influence of the preinterventional @entity146 status on the outcome after treatment of unruptured @entity438 . METHODS: @entity1 treated due to @entity1653 World Health Organization   I and unruptured @entity438 in 2 German neurosurgical centers between 2007 and 2013 were screened for exclusion criteria including @entity102 , recurrence of the @entity5 / @entity439 , and @entity51 among others. The preinterventional @entity146 histories and the rates of postinterventional @entity10 , @entity25 , symptoms of @entity5815 , and quality of life (QOL) were determined by questionnaires that were mailed to the @entity1 in a printed version. RESULTS: A total of 58 M @entity1 and 45 iA @entity1 who met the inclusion criteria returned the questionnaires; 10 M (17.2%) and 17 iA @entity1 (37.8%) had a positive @entity146 history. The overall Incidental @entity439 collective demonstrated significantly lower overall QOL scores (P = 0.003) and significant greater rates of @entity5815 (P = 0.009) compared with the M collective. After we excluded all @entity1 with positive pre-interventional @entity146 histories, those differences were no longer reproducible. Subjectively, the @entity1 did not realize any significant changes in their QOL after successful @entity439 treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study demonstrate the importance of taking the preinterventional @entity146 history into considerations when evaluating the outcome after unruptured @entity439 treatment. The unfavorable outcome of the @entity439 group seems to be caused by factors that are not related the @entity439 diagnosis or treatment itself.

title: The Preinterventional Psychiatric History as a Major Predictor for a Reduced Quality of Life After Treatment of Unruptured XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['malignant/chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deficits']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity5815 :: ('MESH:D015673', 'Disease') :: ['chronic fatigue syndrome']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleeping disorders']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['Intracranial Aneurysms']


abstract: Oral tolerance is the mechanism by which the immune system remains unresponsive to orally administered soluble antigens. @entity19 immunized with @entity1 TG (hTG), resulting in the induction of experimental @entity1669 (EAT), provide an ideal in vivo system in which to examine oral tolerance to hTG. In the present study, we characterize epitopes of hTG that are capable of inducing oral tolerance. hTG is a large homodimeric protein, 660 Kd. The limited proteolysis of hTG using trypsin (TR) generates several smaller fragments of hTG ranging in size from 29 Kd to 145 Kd. Using hTG fragments h1TR (residues 1-521), h4bisTR (residues 2513-2713), h6TR (residues 522-1626), and h7TR (residues 1627-2512), prepared from both @entity1496 rich and @entity1496 poor hTG, we investigated the ability of these fragments to induce oral tolerance. The oral administration of @entity1496 rich h6TR or h7TR suppresses hTG specific immune responses in a manner similar to whole hTG. In contrast, the oral administration of @entity1496 rich h1TR or h4bisTR exacerbates hTG specific immune responses. Unlike @entity1496 rich h1TR or h4bisTR, the oral administration of @entity1496 poor h1TR or h4bisTR fails to augment hTG specific immune responses. In fact, h4bisTR suppresses hTG specific immune responses. These results indicate that hTG contains multiple epitopes that differentially affect oral tolerization. Tolerogenic epitopes reside within fragments h6TR and h7TR. The removal of @entity1496 , and presumably hormone, from h4bisTR converts an immunogenic epitope to a tolerogenic epitope.

title: Multiple fragments of @entity1 TG are capable of inducing oral tolerance to whole XXXX TG.

entities_list: @entity1669 :: ('MESH:D013967', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune thyroiditis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: AIM OF THE STUDY: A retrospective analysis of @entity4903 in @entity1 with @entity1264 consulted in the @entity1 's University Hospital of Krakow in the period 2007-2010. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The analysis included 60 @entity1 (33 @entity1 , and 27 @entity1 ) aged 1.2-32 years, mean 11.6 years. The @entity1 were followed up by many health care professionals: neurologists (EEG), neurosurgeons (CT, MRI), ophthalmologists, psychologists, ENT specialists, anthropologists (the assessment of body height and weight), geneticists, endocrinologists and gynecologists (the assessment of puberty according to Tanner scale, diagnostics of @entity851 , precocious puberty), and cardiologists (echo-cardiography). RESULTS: In the analyzed group of 60 @entity1 , 46 were consulted by geneticists, 20 by endocrinologists, 19 by neurologists and cardiologists. The imaging of the central nervous system (CNS) was performed in 37 @entity1 . Twenty-two @entity1 presented with familial @entity28918 , 13 with sporadic @entity28918 , and in 25 @entity1 , the family history was unavailable. @entity851 were present in 27.7% of @entity1 (13/47) that were referred to the anthropometric assessment. @entity851 (height < or = (-) 2 SD) was recognized in 9/47 of @entity1 (19.1%). Tall stature (> (+) 2 SD) was recognized in 4/47 of @entity1 (8.5%). All of the @entity1 with tall stature presented with central precocious puberty ( @entity1726 ). Precocious puberty was also recognized in two @entity1 with normal stature. In all cases of @entity1726 , @entity5150 were recognized. Generally, organic CSN disorders were detected in 24 @entity1 (63.2%). MRI revealed @entity5150 in 8 @entity1 , 4 presented with @entity11 of one or two optic nerves, 10 presented with hyperintensive areas on T2-weighted images, without enhancement after contrast injection, that may suggest the diagnosis of @entity149 , and 2 with @entity1276 . CONCLUSIONS: 1. The most common disorders of the somatic development revealed in @entity28918 @entity1 are @entity851 : @entity851 and tall stature caused by central precocious puberty. 2. In view of the incidence of @entity4903 in @entity1 with @entity28918 , the authors suggest an endocrine consultation in each case of @entity28918 .

title: [ XXXX --the pediatric endocrinologist's point of view].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['Short stature', 'growth disorders', 'Growth disorders', 'short stature']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephaly']

entities_list: @entity1264 :: ('MESH:D009456', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromatosis type I']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['hamartoma of the CNS']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity5150 :: ('MESH:D020339', 'Disease') :: ['optic chiasm gliomas']

entities_list: @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['endocrine disorders']

answer: @entity1264 :: (MESH:D009456,Disease) :: ['Neurofibromatosis type I']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Conventional radiologic modalities provide details only about the anatomic aspect of the various structures of the spine. Frequently the structures that show abnormal morphology may not be the cause of @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ). Functional imaging in the form of bone scan along with single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT/CT) may be helpful in identifying structures causing @entity158 , whether morphologically normal or not. The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of bone scan with SPECT/CT in management of @entity1 with @entity1643 . METHODS: This is randomized double-blinded controlled study performed on 80 @entity1 with @entity1643 aged 20 to 80 years, ASA physical status I to III. @entity1 were randomized into bone scan and control groups consisting of 40 @entity1 each. On the basis of the clinical features and radiologic findings a clinical diagnosis was made. After making a clinical diagnosis, the @entity1 in bone scan group were subjected to bone scan with SPECT/CT. On the basis of the finding of the bone scan and SPECT/CT, a new working diagnosis was made and intervention was performed according to the new working diagnosis. @entity616 in the control group were given based on clinical diagnosis. Controlled comparative diagnostic blocks were performed with local anesthetic. The @entity158 score just after the diagnostic block and at the time of discharge (approximately 4 h later) was recorded; the @entity158 relief was recorded in percentage. RESULTS: In both the groups, sacroilitis was the most common diagnosis followed by facet joint @entity2720 . The number of @entity1 obtaining @entity158 relief of >50% was significantly higher in the bone scan-positive group as compared with the control group. Three new clinical conditions were identified in the bone scan group. These conditions were @entity1582 , @entity2530 of the @entity2738 , and @entity1691 . CONCLUSIONS: Bone scan with SPECT/CT was found to complement the clinical workup of @entity1 with @entity1643 . Inclusion of bone scan with SPECT/CT in @entity1643 management protocol can help in making a correct diagnosis. At times it might bring out some new information that may be vital for further management of the @entity1 with @entity1643 .

title: Evaluation of Efficacy of Bone Scan With SPECT/CT in the Management of Low Back XXXX : A Study Supported by Differential Diagnostic Local Anesthetic Blocks.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain', 'LBP']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['arthropathy']

entities_list: @entity2738 :: ('MESH:D005271', 'Disease') :: ['femoral head']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['Diagnostic blocks']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['avascular necrosis']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the role of Cryptococcus in the immune system of immunocompetent @entity1 with @entity358 ( @entity358 ) by analysing the dynamic changes of @entity1 ' immune status before and after antifungal therapy. METHODS: The level of the serum @entity379 ( @entity379 ) and @entity13236 was measured before and after 6-months of treatment. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 30 immunocompetent @entity358 @entity1 and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and incubated with recombinant @entity1 IL-12 (rhIL-12) for 48 h. Then the concentrations of @entity379 and @entity3646 in the supernatant were analysed. RESULTS: Baseline serum @entity379 level was significantly lower in the @entity358 @entity1 as compared with the control group (P < 0.001). The serum @entity1199 and @entity379 of @entity358 @entity1 were significantly increased after appropriate treatments (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001 when compared to their baseline levels). The productions of @entity379 in the culture supernatant of PBMCs showed no significant difference between the control and @entity358 @entity1 both before and after antifungal treatments. RhIL-12 is a potent stimulus for @entity379 production. Culture PBMCs collected from @entity358 @entity1 before treatments had a smaller increase of @entity379 production in the present of rhIL-12 than the control (P < 0.01); PBMCs from @entity358 @entity1 completing 6-months of treatment showed a comparable increase of @entity379 production by rhIL-12 stimulation to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: In apparently immunocompetent @entity1 with @entity358 , a normalization of serum @entity379 was achieved after recovery from infection. This suggests that Cryptococcus infection per se can suppress the immune system and its elimination contributes to the reestablishment of an immune equilibrium.

title: The Role of Cryptococcus in the Immune System of XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['PC', 'pulmonary cryptococcosis']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary Cryptococcosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND @entity428 is one of the most common problems in @entity1 with @entity1504 , leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Effective management for @entity428 is based mainly on surgical and medical techniques with hyperosmolar therapy as one of the core medical treatments. The study aimed to explore the effects of continuous micro-pump infusions of 3% hypertonic saline combined with @entity1483 on intracranial pressure control. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed data on 56 eligible @entity1 with intracranial pressure >20 mmHg from March 2013 to July 2014. The target was to increase and maintain plasma @entity1372 to a level between 145 and 155 mmol/L and osmolarity to a level of 310 to 320 mOsmol/kg. RESULTS Plasma @entity1372 levels significantly increased from 138  5 mmol/L at admission to 151  3 mmol/L at 24 h (P<0.01). Osmolarity increased from 282  11 mOsmol/kg at baseline to 311  8 mOsmol/kg at 24 h (P<0.01). Intracranial pressure significantly decreased from 32  7 mmHg to 15  6 mmHg at 24 h (P<0.01). There was a significant improvement in CPP (P<0.01). Moreover, central venous pressure, mean arterial pressure, and Glasgow @entity772 Scale slightly increased. However, these changes were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Continuous infusion of 3% hypertonic saline + @entity1483 is effective and safe for intracranial pressure control.

title: Efficacy and Safety of Continuous Micro-Pump Infusion of 3% Hypertonic Saline combined with @entity1483 to Control XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['increased intracranial pressure', 'Elevated intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['furosemide']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['diverse intracranial disorders']

answer: @entity428 :: (MESH:D019586,Disease) :: ['Elevated Intracranial Pressure']


abstract: Tumor relapse after therapy typifies @entity157 ( @entity157 ) and is believed to be attributable to @entity5 stem cells (CSCs) that survive treatment. We have previously identified a CSC population derived from @entity157 that is characterized by @entity5439 . Despite our growing knowledge of the importance of this subset of cells in driving @entity157 , the regulatory mechanism of @entity5439 is not known. Epigenetic changes are believed to be essential in the control of @entity5 and stem cells. Here, we report the epigenetic regulation of @entity5439 by miR-142-3p. The interaction between @entity5439 and miR-142-3p was identified by in silico prediction and substantiated by luciferase reporter analysis. Expression of @entity5439 was found to be inversely correlated with miR-142-3p in @entity157 clinical samples as well as in cell lines. Importantly, lower miR-142-3p expression in @entity157 was significantly associated with worst survival. Functional studies with miR-142-3p stably transduced in @entity157 cells demonstrated a diminished ability to self-renew, initiate @entity5 growth, invade, migrate, induce angiogenesis and resist chemotherapy. Rescue experiments whereby @entity5439 and miR-142-3p is simultaneously overexpressed compensated the deregulated ability of the cells to confer these features. Thus, miR-142-3p directly targets @entity5439 to regulate its ability to confer @entity5 and stem cell-like features in @entity157 .

title: Regulatory role of miR-142-3p on the functional hepatic cancer stem cell marker XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'residual cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity5439 :: (8842,Gene) :: ['CD133']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate differential effects of @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) and subcutaneous fat and their effects on @entity209 ( @entity209 ) risk across body mass index (BMI) categories. BACKGROUND: The regional distribution of adipose tissue is an emerging risk factor for @entity66 , although serial changes in fat distribution have not been extensively investigated. @entity1386 and its alterations over time may be a better marker for risk than BMI in normal weight and overweight or @entity28 individuals. METHODS: We studied 1,511 individuals in the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity731 ) with adiposity assessment by computed tomography (CT). A total of 253 @entity1 without @entity209 at initial scan underwent repeat CT (median interval 3.3 years). We used discrete Cox regression with net reclassification to investigate whether baseline and changes in @entity1386 area are associated with @entity209 . RESULTS: Higher @entity1386 was associated with cardiometabolic risk and @entity729 , regardless of BMI. After adjustment, @entity1386 was more strongly associated with incident @entity209 than subcutaneous fat regardless of weight, with a 28% greater @entity209 hazard per 100 cm(2)/m @entity1386 area and significant net reclassification (net reclassification index: 0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.29 to 0.60) over clinical risk. In individuals with serial imaging, initial @entity1386 (hazard ratio: 1.24 per 100 cm(2)/m, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.44 per 100 cm(2)/m, p  = 0.003) and change in @entity1386 (hazard ratio: 1.05 per 5% change, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.08 per 5% change, p  = 0.02) were associated with @entity209 after adjustment. Changes in subcutaneous fat were not associated with incident @entity209 after adjustment for clinical risk and @entity1386 area. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1386 is modestly associated with BMI. However, across BMI, a single measure of and longitudinal change in @entity1386 predict @entity209 , even accounting for weight changes. Visceral adiposity is essential to assessing cardiometabolic risk, regardless of age, race, or BMI, and may serve as a marker and target of therapy in @entity66 .

title: Visceral Adiposity and the Risk of XXXX Across Body  Mass  Index: The MESA Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cardiometabolic disease']

entities_list: @entity729 :: ('MESH:D061205', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery calcification']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome', 'MetS']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['visceral fat', 'VF']

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['Metabolic Syndrome']


abstract: Ten individuals developed an @entity565 -like illness after a single exposure to high levels of an irritating vapor, fume, or smoke. In most instances, the high level exposure was the result of an accident occurring in the workplace or a situation where there was poor ventilation and limited air exchange in the area. In all cases, symptoms developed within a few hours and often minutes after exposure. We have designated the illness as @entity409 ( @entity409 ) because a consistent physiologic accompaniment was airways hyperreactivity. When tested, all subjects showed positive @entity2710 challenge tests. No documented preexisting @entity1576 was identified nor did subjects relate past @entity1576 . In two subjects, atopy was documented, but in all others, no evidence of @entity566 was identified. In the majority of the cases, there was persistence of respiratory symptoms and continuation of airways hyperreactivity for more than one year and often several years after the incident. The incriminated etiologic agent varied, but all shared a common characteristic of being irritant in nature. In two cases, bronchial biopsy specimens were available, and an airways inflammatory response was noted. This investigation suggests acute high level, uncontrolled irritant exposures may cause an @entity565 in some individuals which is different from typical @entity7446 . It can lead to long-term sequelae and @entity1030 . Nonimmunologic mechanisms seem operative in the pathogenesis of this syndrome.

title: Reactive @entity409 ( @entity409 ). XXXX after high level irritant exposures.

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['asthma-like syndrome', 'asthma']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['RADS', 'reactive airway dysfunction syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory complaints', 'respiratory illness']

entities_list: @entity7446 :: ('MESH:D059366', 'Disease') :: ['occupational asthma']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic airways disease']

entities_list: @entity2710 :: ('MESH:D016210', 'Chemical') :: ['methacholine']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['Persistent asthma syndrome']


abstract: Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL) exhibit proinflammatory properties and play a role in @entity731 plaque formation, @entity397 , and subsequent @entity715 . OxLDL alter the activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB that is involved in the expression of immune and inflammatory genes. In contrast, high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are anti-atherogenic and exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. This work aimed to investigate how oxLDL activate NF-kappaB and whether and how HDL may prevent NF-kappaB activation. In cultured @entity95 smooth muscle cells, mitogenic concentrations of mildly oxLDL trigger a rapid and transient NF-kappaB activation, which is strongly inhibited by HDL. Growth factors, @entity4357 3-kinase/Akt, and @entity5597 kinase pathways are not implicated in the oxLDL-induced NF-kappaB activation and are not targets of HDL. OxLDL induce reactive @entity26 species (ROS) generation and proteasome activation, which are implicated in NF-kappaB activation, as suggested by the inhibitory effect of the antioxidants @entity898 and @entity13373 and the proteasome inhibitor PSI. HDL were able to prevent the intracellular ROS rise triggered by oxLDL or @entity274 , thereby inhibiting the subsequent proteasome activation, IkappaB degradation, and NF-kappaB activation. In conclusion, the oxLDL-induced NF-kappaB activation involves ROS generation and proteasome activation, both events being inhibited by HDL. This 'antioxidant' and potentially anti-inflammatory effect of HDL may participate in their general anti-atherogenic properties.

title: HDL counterbalance the proinflammatory effect of oxidized LDL by inhibiting intracellular reactive XXXX species rise, proteasome activation, and subsequent NF-kappaB activation in smooth muscle cells.

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity898 :: ('MESH:D000111', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetyl-L-cysteine']

entities_list: @entity13373 :: ('MESH:C020972', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate']

entities_list: @entity5597 :: ('MESH:D013110', 'Chemical') :: ['sphingosine']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: High throughput screens allow us to understand how transcription factors trigger developmental processes including cell specification. A major challenge is the identification of their binding sites because feedback loops and homeostatic interactions may mask the direct impact of those factors in transcriptome analyses. Moreover, this approach dissects the downstream signaling cascades and facilitates the identification of conserved transcriptional programs. Here we show the results and the validation of a DamID genome-wide screen that identifies the direct targets of Glide/Gcm, a potent transcription factor that controls glia, hemocyte and tendon cell differentiation in @entity238 . The screen identifies many genes that had not been previously associated to Glide/Gcm and highlights three major signaling pathways interacting with Glide/Gcm: @entity8367 , @entity12543 and @entity29000 / @entity29001 , which all involve feedback loops. Furthermore, the screen identifies effector molecules that are necessary for cell-cell interactions during late developmental processes and/or in ontogeny. Typically, Immunoglobulin domain-containing (or Ig-domain-containing) proteins control cell adhesion and axonal navigation (PATEL AND VAN VACTOR 2002). This shows that early and transiently expressed fate determinants not only control other transcription factors that in turn implement a specific developmental program but also directly affect late developmental events and cell function. Finally, while the @entity1 genome contains two orthologous Gcm genes, their function has been demonstrated in vertebrate-specific tissues, placenta and parathyroid glands, begging questions on the evolutionary conservation of the Gcm cascade in higher organisms. Here we provide the first evidence for the conservation of Gcm direct targets in @entity1 . In sum, this work uncovers novel aspects of cell-specification and sets the bases for further understanding of the role of conserved Gcm gene regulatory cascades.

title: Functional Conservation of the Glide/Gcm Regulatory Network Controlling Glia, Hemocyte and Tendon Cell Differentiation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'humans']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila']


abstract: This article contributes to the research on demographics and public health of urban populations of preindustrial Europe. The key source is a burial register that contains information on the deceased, such as age and sex, residence and cause of @entity204 . This register is one of the earliest compilations of data sets of individuals with this high degree of @entity1939 and consistency. Critical assessment of the register's origin, formation and upkeep promises high validity and reliability. Between 1805 and 1815, 4,390 deceased inhabitants were registered. Information concerning these individuals provides the basis for this study. Life tables of Bern's population were created using different models. The causes of @entity204 were classified and their frequency calculated. Furthermore, the susceptibility of age groups to certain causes of @entity204 was established. Special attention was given to causes of @entity204 and mortality of newborns, @entity1 and birth-giving @entity1 . In comparison to other cities and regions in Central Europe, Bern's mortality structure shows low rates for @entity1 (q0=0.144) and @entity1 (q1-4=0.068). This could have simply indicated better living conditions. Life expectancy at birth was 43 years. Mortality was high in winter and spring, and decreased in summer to a low level with a short rise in August. The study of the causes of @entity204 was inhibited by difficulties in translating early 19th century nomenclature into the modern medical system. Nonetheless, @entity204 from @entity209 , illnesses of the respiratory system, and debilitation were the most prominent causes in Bern. Apparently, the worst killer of @entity1 up to 12 months was the "gichteren", an obsolete German term for lethal spasmodic @entity410 . The exact modern identification of this disease remains unclear. Possibilities such as @entity1 @entity116 or @entity1 @entity302 are discussed. The maternal @entity204 rate of 0.72% is comparable with values calculated from contemporaneous sources. Relevance of childbed @entity221 in the early 1800s was low. Bern's data indicate that the extent of deaths related to childbirth in this period is overrated. This research has an explicit interdisciplinary value for various fields including both the humanities and natural sciences, since information reported here represents the complete age and sex structure of a deceased population. Physical anthropologists can use these data as a true reference group for their palaeodemographic studies of preindustrial Central Europe of the late 18th and early 19th century. It is a call to both historians and anthropologists to use our resources to a better effect through combination of methods and exchange of knowledge.

title: Mortality and morbidity in the city of Bern, Switzerland, 1805-1815 with special emphasis on XXXX , @entity1 and maternal deaths.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsions']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['completeness']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disorders']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infant']


abstract: Biventricular pacing ( @entity3032 ) is emerging for @entity1 with @entity384 ( @entity384 ) and asynchrony. We measured basal asynchrony and early resynchronization by radionuclide angioscintigraphy (RNA) in order to predict long-term evolution of ventricular function after @entity3032 . Thirty-four @entity1 (NYHA Class III-IV,65.4 +/- 11 years) with large QRS(179 +/- 18 ms)were implanted with @entity3032 and studied by RNA before (D0), at day 8 (D8), and during follow-up(20 +/- 7 months). We calculated left and right ejection fractions, the @entity22286 (TRVLV), and the apicobasal dyssynchrony (Tab). LVEF improved from 20.2 +/- 8.1%(D0) to27.1%+/- 12.6%(follow-up,P < 0.003 vs D0) and RVEF from 28.6%+/- 13%(D0) to 34.3 +/- 11.5%(follow-up,P < 0.03 vs D0). Inter- (DeltaTRVLV) and intraventricular resynchronization was immediate and remained stable: TRVLV decreased from 68.3 +/- 38 ms(D0) to 13.4 +/- 48.5 ms(D8) and1.8 +/- 39.2 ms(follow-up,P < 0.0001 vs D0); and Tab from 45.8 +/- 64.1 msto-18 +/- 68(D8) and-28.3 +/- 53.6 ms(follow-up,P < 0.0001 vs D0). Early inter- and intraventricular resynchronization (DeltaTab) at D8 were related to late LVEF and RVEF improvement. Together, an LVEF > 15% and a significant @entity22286 (TRVLV > 60 ms) at D0 have a sensitivity of 79% and a positive predictive value of 83% to predict an improvement of LVEF superior to 5% at follow-up. In @entity384 @entity1 , @entity3032 resynchronizes ventricles early and in the long-term, while RVEF and LVEF improve progressively. @entity1 with large electromechanical dyssynchrony benefit most from @entity3032 .

title: Basal asynchrony and resynchronization with biventricular pacing predict long-term improvement of LV function in heart failure XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['DCM', 'dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity22286 :: ('MESH:C563239', 'Disease') :: ['interventricular dyssynchrony']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Hospital discharges and @entity204 attributed to chronic @entity3617 and @entity2415 have fallen in recent years while the number of those receiving invalidity benefit for these conditions has remained constant. One hundred and fifty seven such @entity1 were invited to take part in this study, in which the diagnosis, degree of @entity1576 , and other factors contributing to disability were reviewed. The scope for rehabilitation was considered. One hundred subjects agreed to take part; 96 were @entity1 and 70 were over 60 years. In only 67 was the main diagnosis chronic @entity3617 and @entity2415 . There was a bimodal distribution of functional impairment, most being severely disabled, but in 20 the FEV1 was within the normal range. Among these @entity565 was more common and psychological factors were important. Economic factors contributed to "invalidity," especially among those with a normal FEV1. For 32 of the 57 who had declined to take part some information was available from hospital records. The findings in this group were similar. There was little scope for rehabilitation in the group as a whole as motivation was poor. Less than half had ever seen a chest physician. Specialist assessment before invalidity benefit is claimed is probably desirable.

title: "Invalidity" due to chronic @entity3617 and XXXX : how real is it?

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory impairment']

answer: @entity2415 :: (MESH:D004646,Disease) :: ['emphysema']


abstract: Crude brain extract (100,000 g supernate from newborn or fetal @entity35 brain homogenate) was studied for its effects on the number and distribution of @entity934 receptors (AChRs) on myotubes of the L5 cloned myogenic cell line and compared to that of @entity35 primary cultures. Gamma counting, light autoradiography and scanning electron microscopic autoradiography were used. We found that the L5 cells responded to the brain extract with an increase in the average @entity9176 site density (2-5-fold) and with an increase in @entity9176 clustering. Clustering was manifested by both an increase in the number of @entity9176 clusters and in the ratio of receptor site density within clusters relative to that between clusters. The increase in average @entity9176 site density was shown to be due to an increase in the rate of @entity9176 insertion into the surface membrane with little change in the rate of receptor degradation. As also previously reported, the @entity35 myotubes had a similar clustering response but only a very slight (approximately 1.2-fold) increase in average @entity9176 site density. The surface area of myotubes was also increased slightly (approximately 1.2-1.3-fold) by the brain extract. Autoradiography viewed by scanning EM was found to be very useful in illustrating the shape and distribution of the receptor clusters. After the brain extract was fractionated on Sephadex G-200, the fractions with greatest clustering activity could be separated from those causing predominantly an increase in receptor site density. Increased receptor site density was primarily produced by the low molecular weight fractions (less than 12 kD), whereas the strongest (but not exclusive) effect on clustering was produced by the high molecular weight fractions (greater than 140 kD). Furthermore, the two cell types assayed had different sensitivity to the different factors. L5 cells responded to both the high and low molecular weight factors while @entity35 primary cells are sensitive primarily to the high molecular weight factors.

title: Differential responses of L5 and XXXX primary muscle cells to factors in @entity35 brain extract.

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: To retrospectively review bilateral venograms free of @entity715 to evaluate the frequency and types of variations seen in venous anatomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of 404 bilateral (808 limbs) lower limb venograms obtained from medical @entity1 participating in a thromboprophylaxis clinical trial and found to be free of @entity715 was performed. Venograms were evaluated according to predetermined criteria for the presence of duplication of vessels and inter- and intraindividual variations in venous anatomy. Variations were assessed with analysis of variance and chi2 tests. RESULTS: Two vessels were seen in the popliteal fossa on 337 (42%) of 808 venograms, and 41 (5%) were true duplicated popliteal veins. There were 253 (31%) duplicated superficial femoral veins (SFVs), with 12 (1.5%) being complex duplicated systems. Of 265 duplicated SFVs, 138 (52%) began in the midthigh region and 80 (30%), in the adductor canal region. The duplicated vessel was medial to the main @entity3598 in 122 (46%), lateral in 131 (49%), and both (ie, triplications) in 12 (4.5%). The length of the duplicated @entity3598 ranged from 1 to 35 cm; 6-15 cm was the most common length in 162 (62%) SFVs. There was no significant association between the incidence of anatomic variations and age or sex (P >.1). The presence of multiple vessels in one leg was strongly correlated with the probability of occurrence in the other leg (P <.001). CONCLUSION: Variations in lower limb venous anatomy are common and have important implications for the US diagnosis of @entity1150 .

title: Variations in lower limb venous anatomy: implications for US diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

answer: @entity1150 :: (MESH:D020246,Disease) :: ['deep vein thrombosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity286 , @entity167 and @entity281 are associated with increased risk of @entity213 . However, little is known about the underlying signaling events influencing risk. We aimed to investigate the relationship between these risk factors and @entity584 phosphorylation, to determine prognostic value. METHOD: VEGF-positive @entity213 biopsies, with known HPV status, were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for @entity584 , phosphorylated at residues S473 and T308. Comparisons between the tissues were carried out using a Mann-Whitney U test. Associations between the variables and continuous immunohistochemical parameters were evaluated with general linear models. @entity1 characteristics and pAkt IHC score were analyzed for possible association with overall survival by Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry revealed that @entity5 @entity1 had significantly higher levels of pAkt T308 than S473 (P   <   0.001). Smoking and @entity167 were found to be independent risk factors for @entity584 phosphorylation at T308 (P   =   0.022 and 0.027, respectively). @entity1 with @entity5 positive for HPV or pAkt S473 had a poorer prognosis (P   =   0.005, and 0.004, respectively). @entity1 who were heavy drinkers were 49 times more likely to die than non-drinkers (P   =   0.003). @entity1 with low pAkt T308 were more likely to be HPV positive (P   =   0.028). Non-drinkers were also found to have lower levels of pAkt T308 and were more likely to have @entity5 positive for HPV than heavy drinkers (P   =   0.044 and 0.007, respectively). CONCLUSION: This study suggests different mechanisms of @entity105 are initiated by smoking, @entity167 and HPV. Our data propose higher phosphorylation of @entity584 at T308 as a reliable biomarker for smoking and @entity167 induced @entity213 progression and higher phosphorylation of @entity584 at S473 as a prognostic factor for @entity213 .

title: Activation of @entity584 at T308 and S473 in @entity167 , @entity286 and HPV-induced XXXX : is there evidence to support a prognostic or diagnostic role?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infection']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity213 :: (MESH:C535575,Disease) :: ['HNSCC']


abstract: The authors present results of treatment of 128 @entity1 aged 32-75 with great @entity4037 using the method of autodermal immersion graft hernioplasty. Hernias most often appeared after low median laparotomies. Planned operations were performed in 94.6% of cases, in 5.4% plasty was carried out in @entity1 with @entity547 without pyo-inflammatory alterations in the @entity547 sac. The implant was treated by the V.N. Yanov method. The postoperative period was mainly favorable, without lethal outcomes. Suppuration of the wounds took place in 2.3% of cases. Long-term results were followed-up in 80.5% of the @entity1 (during the periods 6 months--11 years). Recurrent @entity547 were found in 3.1%. The other @entity1 had good results of operations.

title: [Dermal autograft immersion plasty by a flap method for large postoperative XXXX of the abdomen].

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['ventral hernias']

entities_list: @entity547 :: ('MESH:D006547', 'Disease') :: ['hernia', 'hernias', 'incarcerated hernias']

answer: @entity547 :: (MESH:D006547,Disease) :: ['hernias']


abstract: @entity1388 exposure in vivo can reduce the material strength of bone, an effect that has been attributed to a change in mineral structure. An in vitro model of @entity1388 exposure offers the potential to study directly the effects of @entity1388 on bone mineral. Previous investigators have reported that soaking bones in @entity3163 in vitro reduces bone strength. However, long soaking times and the absence of physiological buffering ions from their treatment solutions may have caused mineral dissolution that contributed to the decrease in bone strength. Our objectives were to further characterize the effects of in vitro @entity1388 exposure on bone mechanical properties and to determine if the changes reported in previous studies of @entity291 cortical bone would be observed for whole rodent bones. We soaked 60 @entity19 femora in @entity3163 solutions, with and without physiological buffering ions, and evaluated their torsional and bending properties. @entity1388 soaked bones had a 30-fold increase in @entity1388 content and a 23% increase in water content compared to controls. These changes were associated with average reductions in ultimate load of 45%, reductions in @entity2003 of 70%, and increases in deformation to failure of 80%. The effect of @entity1388 was similar for bones treated in buffered and non-buffered solutions, and was observed in both torsion and bending. Our findings confirm those of previous studies and highlight the strong effect that in vitro @entity1388 exposure has on bone mechanical properties. The in vitro model of @entity1388 exposure offers a tool to further study the effects of ion substitution in bone.

title: In vitro XXXX exposure decreases torsional and bending strength and increases ductility of @entity19 femora.

entities_list: @entity3163 :: ('MESH:D012969', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium fluoride']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride', 'Fluoride']

answer: @entity3163 :: (MESH:D012969,Chemical) :: ['sodium fluoride']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose. To evaluate the relationships among the optic nerve head (ONH) area, macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC) thickness, circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness, and @entity227 in @entity1 with @entity725 ( @entity725 ). Methods. This retrospective study included 90 eyes of 90 @entity1 with @entity725 . The ONH area, rim area, mGCC thickness, and cpRNFL thickness were measured using optical coherence tomography. @entity5494 ( @entity5494 ) was measured using standard automated perimetry. The relationships among clinical factors including age, refraction, the ONH area, the rim area, the mGCC thickness, the cpRNFL thickness, and @entity5494 were evaluated using correlation coefficients and multiple regression analyses. Results. The significant correlation of the ONH area with refraction (r = 0.362, P < 0.001), the mGCC thickness (r = 0.225, P = 0.033), and the cpRNFL thickness (r = 0.253, P = 0.016) was found. Multiple regression analysis showed that the ONH area, rim area, and @entity5494 were selected as significant contributing factors to explain the mGCC thickness and cpRNFL thickness. No factor was selected to explain @entity5494 . Conclusions. The ONH area, in other words, the disc size itself may affect the mGCC thickness and cpRNFL thickness in @entity725 @entity1 .

title: Size of the Optic Nerve Head and Its Relationship with the Thickness of the Macular Ganglion Cell Complex and Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in XXXX with @entity725 .

entities_list: @entity725 :: ('MESH:C562750', 'Disease') :: ['POAG', 'primary open angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field defects']

entities_list: @entity5494 :: ('MESH:D010262', 'Disease') :: ['Mean deviation', 'MD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of @entity13854 536 (BB536) supplementation for induction of remission in Japanese @entity1 with active @entity31 ( @entity31 ). METHODS: Fifty-six @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity31 were enrolled. Eight @entity1 had pancolitis, 31 had left-sided @entity1960 , and 17 had @entity4272 . @entity1 were randomly treated with 2-3   *   10(11) freeze-dried viable BB536 (28 @entity1 ) or placebo (28 @entity1 ) for 8   weeks. RESULTS: In total, 63% of @entity1 receiving BB536 showed clinical remission ( @entity31 disease activity index [UCDAI]    <=   2) at week 8 compared to 52% of those receiving placebo (P   =   0.395). We observed a significant decrease of UCDAI scores (3.5        1.9 at baseline to 2.5        1.7 at week 8) in the BB536 group (P   <   0.01), while there was no significant decrease in the placebo group (P   =   0.88). There was also a significant decrease in the Rachmilewitz endoscopic index (EI) and the Mayo sub-score at week 8 in the BB536 group, while there was no significant decrease in the placebo group. Besides the single @entity1 in the BB536 group who complained of a mild side effect, no other adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Supplementation with BB536 was well tolerated and reduced UCDAI scores, EI and Mayo sub-scores after 8   weeks in Japanese @entity1 with mild to moderately active @entity31 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Efficacy of probiotic treatment with @entity13854 536 for induction of remission in active XXXX : A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled multicenter trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4272 :: ('MESH:D011349', 'Disease') :: ['proctitis']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity13854 :: ('216816', 'Species') :: ['Bifidobacterium longum']

answer: @entity31 :: (MESH:D003093,Disease) :: ['ulcerative colitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between random measured @entity413 levels in middle and old age and @entity303 -related @entity204 . DESIGN: Population-based cohort study. SETTING: Norwegian Counties Study (middle-aged individuals; 35-49) and Cohort of Norway @entity1 (older individuals; 65-80). @entity1 : Individuals without (n  =  74,630) and with (n  =  3,095) known @entity6 (N  =  77,725); 67,865 without and 2,341 with @entity6 were included in the complete case analyses (nonmissing for all included covariates), of whom 1,580 without and 131 with @entity6 died from @entity303 -related causes. MEASUREMENTS: @entity204 was ascertained according to the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. Cox regression was used to assess the relationship between random @entity413 levels (nonfasting) in individuals without and with @entity6 and @entity303 -related @entity204 . Education, smoking, @entity65 , body mass index, @entity165 , blood pressure, and physical activity were adjusted for. RESULTS: Individuals without @entity6 at midlife with @entity413 levels between 6.5 and 11.0  mmol/L had a significantly greater risk of @entity303 -related @entity204 than those with levels less than 5.1  mmol/L (hazard ratio  =  1.32, 95% confidence interval  =  1.04-1.67) in a fully adjusted model. A dose-response relationship (P  =  .02) was observed. No significant association between high @entity413 levels in individuals aged 65 to 80 and @entity303 -related @entity204 was detected. CONCLUSION: High random @entity413 levels measured in middle-aged but not older age @entity1 without known @entity6 were associated with greater risk of @entity303 -related @entity204 up to four decades later.

title: Association Between Random Measured XXXX Levels in Middle and Old Age and Risk of @entity204 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'Dementia-related death']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['Glucose']


abstract: Suicide is one of the major causes of preventable @entity204 . We evaluated suicidality among pregnant @entity1 who participated in prenatal care in Brazil. A total of 255 @entity1 were assessed using semi-structured interviews as well as the Edinburgh Postnatal @entity308 Scale (EPDS), Beck @entity308 Inventory (BDI), and Mini-International @entity146 Interview (MINI) Plus. Thereafter, Stata 12 was used to identify the significant predictors of current suicide risk (CSR) among @entity1 using univariate and multivariate analyses (p   <   0.05). According to MINI Plus module C, the lifetime suicide attempt rate was 12.55  %. The overall CSR was 23.53  %, distributed across risk levels of low (12.55  %), moderate (1.18  %), and high (9.80  %). Our rates approximate those found in another Brazilian study (18.4  %). @entity308 ( @entity308 ), lifetime @entity162 , and any current @entity148 (as measured using the MINI) as well as BDI scores >= 15 and EPDS scores >= 11 were identified as positive risk factors in a univariate analysis (p   <   0.001). These factors changed after a multivariate analysis was employed, and only years of education [odds ratio (OR)   =   0.45; 95  % confidence intervals (CIs)   =   0.21-0.99], @entity308 (OR   =   3.42; 95  % CIs   =   1.37-8.53), and EPDS scores >= 11 (OR   =   4.44; 95  % CIs   =   1.97-9.97) remained independent risk factors. @entity308 and other @entity146 were the primary risk factors for suicidality, although only the former remained an independent factor after a multivariate analysis. More than 10  years of education and EPDS scores >= 11 were also independent factors; the latter can be used as a screening tool for suicide risk.

title: Suicidality among pregnant XXXX in Brazil: prevalence and risk factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'Antenatal depression', 'AD']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders', 'Neuropsychiatric']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorder']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study effect of overexpression of @entity519 -inducible factor-1a induced by @entity871 in  vivo in LNCaP @entity5 on @entity5 growth rate. METHODS: The @entity263 LNCaP cells were inoculated in the abdomen of @entity19 . All the @entity19 were randomly placed in the gas chamber with different @entity26 content. The groups were divided as follows: twelve @entity19 in @entity519 group, sixteen @entity19 in normoxia group, ten @entity19 in @entity871 group. After 28  d of treatment, the @entity19 were weighed, the blood samples were taken from the left ventricle, and the @entity5 was isolated and weighed. @entity5 growth, @entity7499 and vascularization, @entity1965 expression and intracellular signal transduction molecules expression in each group of xenografts were detected and analyzed by using Western blotting and immunofluorescence and determination of hemoglobin. RESULTS: Comparison of the growth of xenografts in each group showed that, the xenografts growth of @entity519 group was more quickly than that of normoxia group. The difference was statistically significant (P  =  0.004). The difference in xenografts growth between @entity871 group compared and normoxia group was not statistically significant (P  >  0.05). The expressions of @entity1965 , @entity1611 and @entity1611 -R of xenografts in @entity871 group were significantly higher than those of normoxia group (P  <  0.05). The expression of @entity1965 of xenografts in @entity519 group and normoxia group were similar. The blood growth rate of xenografts in @entity519 group (170%) was significantly higher than that of normoxia group (40%) (P  <  0.05). The expression of @entity10182 of xenografts in @entity871 group was significantly higher than that of normoxia group (P  <  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: When @entity871 induces the overexpression of @entity1965 in LNCaP @entity5 , it will not affect @entity5 growth. It provides a new ideas and theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of @entity263 .

title: Effect of overexpression of @entity519 -inducible factor-1a induced by XXXX in  vivo in LNCaP @entity5 on @entity5 growth rate.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity7499 :: ('MESH:D016510', 'Disease') :: ['angiogenesis']

entities_list: @entity871 :: ('MESH:D018496', 'Disease') :: ['hyperoxia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity871 :: (MESH:D018496,Disease) :: ['hyperoxia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pituitary abscess is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition with an incidence of 0.2-1.1% of operative @entity4611 . Diagnosis can be challenging, as this disorder shares many similarities with other @entity4611 in terms of symptomatology and radiographic findings. Most pituitary abscesses are categorized as secondary, arising from pre-existing @entity4611 or in conjunction with transsphenoidal surgery, @entity295 , @entity693 , or @entity1244 . To date, there have been only a handful of reports of primary @entity733 , which occurs without any of the aforementioned risk factors. CASE DESCRIPTION: We present a case of primary @entity733 in a 38-year-old @entity1 with @entity10 , @entity227 , @entity2011 , and @entity4683 who was found to have @entity4614 . Brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a sellar/suprasellar mass, which was endoscopically resected via a transsphenoidal approach. Egress of yellow-greenish creamy fluid was noted upon dural incision. The @entity1 was treated with a 6-week course of antibiotic therapy postoperatively and had resolution of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: A PubMed search was performed; all cases of @entity733 reported in the literature were screened, and 200 cases including our case were analyzed with a focus on outcomes. The most common presentations were @entity10 , @entity227 . Approximately 66.1% of @entity1 achieved partial or complete recovery of pituitary function; 75.7% with vision deficits recovered visual function. Treatment via a craniotomy had a recurrence rate of 17.2% compared to 9.7% via a transsphenoidal approach. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review on the topic and the largest series reported.; Abbreviations: DI, @entity2010 , MR, magnetic resonance.

title: Case Report of a Primary Pituitary Abscess and Systematic Literature Review of Pituitary Abscess with a Focus on XXXX Outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['blurry vision', 'visual disturbance, and endocrine abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity4683 :: ('MESH:D059606', 'Disease') :: ['polydipsia']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary lesions']

entities_list: @entity4614 :: ('MESH:D007018', 'Disease') :: ['hypopituitarism']

entities_list: @entity733 :: ('MESH:D000038', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary abscess']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache', 'headaches']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6100 ( @entity6100 ) stress induces social avoidance and @entity148 -like phenotypes. Amygdala is recognized as an emotion-related brain region such as fear, aversion and @entity148 . It is conceivable to hypothesize that activation of amygdala is involved in @entity6100 -dependent @entity146 . RESULTS: @entity6100 model was established using C57BL/6J @entity19 that were physically defeated by different CD-1 @entity19 for 10  days. Stressed @entity19 exhibited decreased social interaction level in social interaction test and significant @entity146 in elevated plus maze and open field tests. Meanwhile, a higher phosphorylation of PKA and @entity15983 with a mutually linear correlation, and increased @entity9830 labeled cells in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) were observed. Activation of PKA in the BLA by @entity7410 , a PKA activitor, significantly upregulated pCREB and @entity9830 expression. To address the role of PKA activation on @entity6100 stress-induced social avoidance and @entity146 , @entity7410 or @entity9501 , a PKA inhibitor, was continuously administered into the bilateral BLA by a micro-osmotic pump system during the 10-day @entity6100 period. Neither @entity9501 nor @entity7410 affected the social behavior. Differently, @entity7410 significantly relieved @entity146 in both general and moderate @entity6100 protocols. @entity9501 per se did not have anxiogenic effect in na  ve @entity19 , but aggravated moderate @entity6100 stress-induced @entity146 . The antidepressant @entity8991 reduced @entity6100 -induced @entity148 and up-regulated pPKA level in the BLA. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity6100 -driven PKA activation in the basolateral amygdala is actually a compensatory rather than pathogenic response in the homeostasis, and modulating amygdaloid PKA may exhibit potency in the therapy of social derived disorders.

title: Activation of protein kinase A in the amygdala modulates XXXX in social defeat exposed @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity6100 :: ('OMIM:300082', 'Disease') :: ['Social defeat', 'SD']

entities_list: @entity8991 :: ('MESH:D002997', 'Chemical') :: ['clomipramine']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety-like behaviors', 'behavioral defects']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['anxiety-like behaviors']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We report our experience with the superselective embolization of @entity1317 . We used new coaxial catheters and new microcoils to assess their technical features and efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diagnostic angiography by catheterization of the main renal artery was performed in 7 @entity1 with suspected @entity8 to detect injury presence and site. After super-selective catheterization of the feeding arteries with a coaxial catheter (Tracker 18), we performed embolization with @entity902 microcoils inserted using a coil pusher. The procedure efficacy was assessed at angiography and by comparing serum hemoglobin and hematocrit levels before and after embolization; posttreatment renal function was also studied. RESULTS: Selective embolization permitted complete occlusion of the arteries feeding the @entity1317 in all @entity1 , preserving as much parenchyma as possible. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were improved or unchanged after the maneuver (average hemoglobin level before embolization: 9.01 mg/dl versus 9.95 mg/dl after embolization; average hematocrit level before embolization: 27.3% versus 30.06% after embolization). We had no difficulty during microcoil insertion and the coaxial catheter was always stable. CONCLUSION: Superselective embolization of @entity1317 is an effective and definitive treatment. We recommend it in the @entity1 with @entity8 due to @entity1317 after percutaneous diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

title: [Embolization of XXXX with coaxial catheters and microcoils].

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['iatrogenic vascular injuries', 'vascular injury', 'iatrogenic vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal vascular injury', 'renal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['iatrogenic renal vascular lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity740 ( @entity740 ) is high in general populations around the world. Targeted testing and screening for @entity740 are often conducted to help identify individuals that may benefit from treatment to ameliorate or prevent their disease progression. AIMS: This systematic review examines the methods used in economic evaluations of testing and screening in @entity740 , with a particular focus on whether test accuracy has been considered, and how analysis has incorporated issues that may be important to the @entity1 , such as the impact of testing on quality of life and the costs they incur. METHODS: Articles that described model-based economic evaluations of @entity1 testing interventions focused on @entity740 were identified through the searching of electronic databases and the hand searching of the bibliographies of the included studies. RESULTS: The initial electronic searches identified 2,671 papers of which 21 were included in the final review. Eighteen studies focused on @entity644 , three evaluated glomerular filtration rate testing and one included both tests. The full impact of inaccurate test results was frequently not considered in economic evaluations in this setting as a societal perspective was rarely adopted. The impact of false positive tests on @entity1 in terms of the costs incurred in re-attending for repeat testing, and the @entity148 associated with a positive test was almost always overlooked. In one study where the impact of a false positive test on @entity1 quality of life was examined in sensitivity analysis, it had a significant impact on the conclusions drawn from the model. CONCLUSION: Future economic evaluations of kidney function testing should examine testing and monitoring pathways from the perspective of @entity1 , to ensure that issues that are important to @entity1 , such as the possibility of inaccurate test results, are properly considered in the analysis.

title: Methods Used in Economic Evaluations of XXXX Testing - A Systematic Review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['Chronic Kidney Disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore gene expression changes in fatigued @entity1 with nonmetastatic @entity263 receiving localized external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). METHODS: Fatigue was measured in 40 @entity1 with @entity263 (20 receiving EBRT and 20 controls on active surveillance) using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Fatigue (FACT-F). EBRT subjects were followed from baseline to midpoint and end point of EBRT, while controls were seen at one time point. EBRT subjects were categorized into high- and low- @entity1295 groups based on change in FACT-F scores from baseline to EBRT completion. Full genome microarray was performed from peripheral leukocyte RNA to determine gene expression changes related to @entity1295 phenotypes. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed the most differentially expressed gene in the microarray experiment. RESULTS: At baseline, mean FACT-F scores were not different between EBRT subjects (44.3    7.16) and controls (46.7    4.32, p = .24). Fatigue scores of EBRT subjects decreased at treatment midpoint (38.6    9.17, p = .01) and completion (37.6    9.9, p = .06), indicating worsening @entity1295 . Differential expression of 42 genes was observed between @entity1295 groups when EBRT time points were controlled. Membrane-spanning four domains, subfamily A, member ( @entity12950 ) was the most differentially expressed gene and was associated with @entity1295 at treatment end point (r = -.46, p = .04). CONCLUSION: Fatigue intensification was associated with @entity12950 downregulation, suggesting that @entity1295 during EBRT may be related to impairment in B-cell immune response. The 42 differentially expressed @entity1295 -related genes are associated with @entity2041 biosynthesis, y-glutamyl cycle, and antigen presentation pathways.

title: Genomic Profile of Fatigued XXXX Receiving Localized Radiation Therapy.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Men']


abstract: AIM: To assess the prevalence of @entity6 among inmates at old age care homes in south India and scrutinize their therapy, glycemic levels and burden of hypoglycemic episodes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The medication record based observational study was conducted in 9 old-age care facilities across south India from February to September 2015. The cognitive and functional status were analysed and the prevalence of @entity4053 estimated. Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS 18.0 for windows. RESULTS: The prevalence, predisposing variables and therapeutic modalities used in 189 inmates of 9 old-age homes in Kerala. The mean age of the sample was estimated to be 71.3  3.4 years. 67.2% of the total inmates were found to be @entity6 and met the inclusion criteria. Of the total @entity1 , 72.44% had co-existence of both @entity73 .86% @entity1 developed @entity4053 at least at some point during the therapy and @entity2690 was found to be the drug used in majority of @entity1 with the condition indicating that aggressive therapies can increase fatality due to @entity4053 . CONCLUSIONS: Most guidelines call for an individualized therapeutic approach suing less aggressive strategies for @entity1 vulnerable to @entity4053 and geriatric population form such a substantial group. The current study highlights the necessity for special attention when considering therapeutic regimen among such @entity1 .

title: Prevalence of XXXX among @entity6 old age home residents in South India.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive and functional impairment']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

answer: @entity4053 :: (MESH:D007003,Disease) :: ['hypoglycemia']


abstract: @entity2438 is a behaviorally defined, life-long static developmental disorder of the brain that is poised for neurobiological investigation. It affects at least 1 or 2 in 1000 @entity1 and has a broad range of severity. It has multiple causes, with genetics playing a major role. According to the DSM-IV, defining features are impaired sociability, language and communication, and range of interests and activities. @entity1032 is frequent but by no means universal. The cognitive profile is characteristic, occasionally with a superior but narrow talent. Perseveration, concreteness, affective blunting, and lack of insight into other @entity1 ' thinking may be conspicuous. The neurological basis of @entity2438 's many sensorimotor features, including stereotypies, is unknown. Attention and sleep are affected, and one third of individuals experience @entity302 by adulthood. Whether subclinical @entity302 plays a role in the developmental regression of the one third of the toddlers who lose their language skills and become autistic remains to be determined. Clinical neuroimaging and biochemical investigations are generally unremarkable. Fewer than 35 brains have been examined pathologically, none with modern techniques. The findings thus far suggest subtle prenatal neuronal maldevelopment in the cerebellum and certain limbic structures. Abnormalities in distributed networks involving @entity750 and perhaps other neurotransmitters require further documentation.

title: Neurobiology of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['Mental deficiency']

entities_list: @entity2438 :: ('MESH:D001321', 'Disease') :: ['Autism', 'autism']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity2438 :: (MESH:D001321,Disease) :: ['autism']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Fewer than 5% of @entity957 (SCC) are presented in the maxilla. The absence of cervical @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) is one of the main positive prognostic factors. This single-centre study analysed the cervical @entity1600 behaviour in @entity1 with oral SCC of the upper jaw and serves as a basis for a cervical lymph node treatment suggestion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The retrospective study includes 171 @entity1 with isolated SCC of the maxilla. In addition to @entity5 resection, 83% of the @entity1 underwent a selective @entity135 ( @entity135 ). The data of cervical @entity3 , TNM-status, @entity5 grade, @entity5 location as well as @entity1239 and @entity285 behaviour were statistically analysed. RESULTS: The average rate of cervical @entity3 was 44% in total. @entity5 stage significantly affected risk for cervical @entity3 (T1  =  6%, T2  =  41%, T3  =  60% and T4  =  60%) (p  <  0.01). Development of cervical @entity1600 was seemingly influenced by male gender. DISCUSSION: This study postulates a high rate of cervical @entity3 of maxillary SCC. Risk for @entity3 is mainly determined by the @entity5 stage. @entity285 and @entity1239 abuse have a negative impact on cervical @entity1600 . CONCLUSION: Reviewing recent literature underlined by the illustrated data, we put up for discussion the treatment of SCC of the maxilla as similar to therapy protocols for @entity1544 . This would include an @entity135 even in low @entity5 stage and in T4 staged @entity5 on both sides. However, prospective multicentre studies are needed to verify and recommend these therapy assumptions.

title: Occurrence of cervical @entity1600 of @entity957 - A monocentric study of 171 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['ND', 'ipsilateral ND', 'neck dissection']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['oral squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['lymph node metastasis', 'LNM']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['SCC of the oral cavity']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity285 :: ('D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol', 'Alcohol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Cervical @entity1745 managed via an anterior approach with an arthrodesis is associated with a decreased range of motion and accelerated adjacent segment degeneration. Artificial cervical disc replacement may address these problems. A series of seven cases (three @entity1 , two @entity1 ; age 31-55 years) of anterior cervical decompression and placement of an artificial disc prosthesis is presented. A total of nine Bryan cervical disc prostheses (Spinal Dynamics Corp., Mercer Island, WA) were placed. Clinical and radiologic follow-up was performed at 24 hours, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and then yearly (mean follow-up period 6.29 months, range 1-17 months). There were no complications. There was an improvement in Nurick grade by 0.72 grade (P < 0.05) and @entity135 Disability Index score by 51.4 points (P < 0.0001). Motion was preserved. Improvement in @entity1515 occurred in 29% of cases. The spinal cord was decompressed on postoperative imaging. Cervical arthroplasty after anterior cervical decompression at one or more levels represents an exciting tool in the management of @entity1745 secondary to spondylotic disease or @entity697 . This is the first study that looks specifically at cervical arthroplasty for cervical @entity602 . Longer follow-up will reveal any delayed problems with artificial disc implantation, but in the short term, this technique offers an excellent outcome.

title: Cervical arthroplasty in the management of spondylotic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry Neck']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute disc prolapse']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity1745 :: ('MESH:D013117', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord compression']

answer: @entity602 :: (MESH:D013118,Disease) :: ['myelopathy']


abstract: @entity810 is a heterogeneous disease. In advanced countries the incidence of @entity810 is rising steadily in the elderly population. One of the serious causes of @entity177 in this age group are pharmacological preparations and @entity1496 radiocontrast diagnostic substances. It was revealed that also commonly used drugs may have a nephrotoxic potency in subjects with pre-existing @entity8 and/or in certain clinical risk situations. In a group of 133 acutely haermodialyzed @entity1 at the medical department we made a detailed clinical and economic analysis of treatment in a group of @entity1 haemodialyzed on account of acute drug induced @entity177 . These @entity1 accounted for 28% of all acutely haemodialyzed @entity1 and 65% of them were older than 65 years. The drugs which were involved as the cause or partial cause of @entity177 had a negative effect on intrarenal haemodynamics. They comprised in the first place inhibitors of the @entity1289 and non-steroid antirheumatic drugs, frequently in combination with diuretics or an @entity1496 contrast substance. A risk factor was preexisting @entity8 defined by the presence of renal perfusion depending on increased formation of @entity2178 and renal vasodialatating @entity2918 . Risk is ascribed also to pathological conditions associated with systemic @entity551 and a reduced effective circulating volume. Costs of treatment per @entity1 with drug induced @entity177 were calculated as 127,000 Czech crowns. The sum was calculated as the cost of the diagnosis related group.

title: [Pharmacologic insult as a cause of XXXX with a need for acute hemodialysis therapy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy', 'renal disease']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['Acute renal failure', 'acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute kidney failure']


abstract: Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) are usually evoked with air conduction (AC) stimuli. Only a few reports exist about OAEs where stimuli have been delivered using bone conduction (BC) by placing a bone conductor on the forehead or the mastoid. The aims of the present study were to improve the test performance of @entity79 by using a nonlinear stimulation protocol and to find out, whether this technique can be applied in newborn hearing screening. @entity79 were measured binaurally in ten normal hearing adults and in ten @entity1 . For measurements in @entity1 , miniaturized probes without loudspeakers were constructed to allow a complete insertion of the probe in the @entity1 's ear canal. It could be shown that robust and valid @entity79 can be elicited using a nonlinear stimulation protocol. Findings in adults indicated that @entity79 can be measured with properties similar to AC-TEOAEs. However, mean BC-TEOAE levels were reduced by 0.8-3.7 dB depending on frequency. In view of test time, this is compensated by performing binaural recordings. Measurements in @entity1 indicated that the screening performance of @entity79 and AC-TEOAEs may be comparable. Further studies have to investigate, whether @entity79 are more robust than AC-TEOAEs against small conductive @entity393 .

title: Binaural measurement of bone conduction click evoked otoacoustic emissions in adults and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['BC-TEOAEs']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The anesthetized @entity840 (ANES GP) has proven to be an effective small animal model to evaluate cardiac electrophysiologic effects of drug-candidate molecules during lead optimization. While heart rate (HR) corrected QT interval (QTc) is a key variable to determine test article-dependent repolarization effects, ideal correction methods are an area of constant debate given the potential influence of anesthesia, autonomic tone, species, strain and gender on the @entity299 . The aim of this study was to characterize the ability of common correction formulas to normalize rate-dependent effects on the QT interval in the @entity3652 / @entity4763 ANES GP. METHODS: Atrial pacing (n=10), @entity15726 or @entity6358 (n=6/group) infusions were used, respectively to evaluate the effects of a wide range of @entity299 . Correction formulas (Bazett [QTcb], Fridericia [QTcf] and Van de Water [QTcVdW]) were applied and the best fit formula was determined with the aid of the @entity299 . RESULTS: From 100 to 220bpm, QTcb underestimated the change in QT interval duration ( @entity299 =0.35 to 0.67). However, QTcVdW was more appropriate in this HR range ( @entity299 =-0.07 and 0.09). At higher HRs (>220bpm), QTcb performed better ( @entity299 =-0.02 and 0.07) as compared to QTcf ( @entity299 =-0.18 to -0.1) and QTcVdW ( @entity299 =-0.2 to -0.17) (p<0.01). All the correction formulas identified @entity2781 - and @entity2778 -dependent repolarization delay (n=6/group) but QTcb and QTcf demonstrated reduced sensitivity as compared to fixed @entity299 (p<0.01). In contrast, QTcVdW resulted in an apparent underestimation of the QT interval duration at HR levels above the basal @entity3652 / @entity4763 ANES GP HRs (>220bpm) with @entity6358 (n=6). DISCUSSION: The best fit correction formula in the ANES GP was highly dependent on the HR range. In the @entity3652 / @entity4763 model, QTcVdW performed best with HR <220bpm and QTcb performed best with HR >220bpm. The QTcVdW correction formula was thus selected in the @entity3652 / @entity4763 ANES GP since HRs in this model are generally within the optimal range for this correction formula.

title: QT interval correction assessment in the anesthetized XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2781 :: ('MESH:C063533', 'Chemical') :: ['dofetilide']

entities_list: @entity6358 :: ('MESH:D004809', 'Chemical') :: ['ephedrine']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity4763 :: ('MESH:D014991', 'Chemical') :: ['xylazine']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['QT/HR relationship', 'HRs on the QT/HR relationship', 'QT/HR slope', 'slope of their QT-HR linear relationship', 'cardiac pacing']

entities_list: @entity15726 :: ('MESH:C088408', 'Chemical') :: ['ivabradine']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea pig']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical feature of severe @entity2694 after endoscopic sinus surgery and to explore the precautions. METHODS: A retrospective review study. Twenty-two cases of severe @entity2694 after endoscopic sinus surgery between January 2002 and December 2012 were included. The main parameters for analyzing were history of paranasal sinuses, clinical manifestation of complications, imaging findings, site of injury, the relationship between injury site and clinical signs. RESULTS: Twenty-two cases of @entity1 with serious complications, including: @entity227 in 7 cases (32%), @entity1736 in 5 cases (23%), ocular position deviation in 15 cases (68%), limitation of ocular motility in 17 cases (77%), @entity9577 in 10 cases (45%). Imaging display: medial rectus involvement in 14 cases, inferior rectus involvement in 6 cases. The most common site of entry into the orbit was the medial orbital wall (14 cases, 64%), followed by the inferomedial wall (6 cases, 27%). Radiological imagings showed the medial displacement of optic nerve in 7 cases (32%) and foreign bodies in the orbit or paranasal sinuses in 8 cases (36%). Medical treatment was given in 1 cases and surgical repair in 9 cases. Removal of foreign bodies was performed in 6 cases. One @entity1 received inferior rectus and orbital wall repair, but no improvement in ocular movement. Orbital reconstruction for endophthalmos was performed in two cases. The improvement was recorded only in one case. CONCLUSIONS: The most severe complication is @entity1018 and the most common complication is limitation of ocular motility and ocular position deviation. The most common site of injury was within the rectus muscle, often accompanied by the defect of inner wall. Except foreign bodies, other complications were difficult to treat with poor prognosis. Emphasis should be placed on prevention.

title: [Clinical characterization of severe XXXX after endoscopic sinus surgery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['vision loss']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual loss']

entities_list: @entity9577 :: ('MESH:D015841', 'Disease') :: ['enophthalmos']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['orbital complications']

answer: @entity2694 :: (MESH:D009916,Disease) :: ['orbital complications']


abstract: PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: Paediatric @entity131 ( @entity131 ) has been associated with acute and long-term mathematical difficulties. Little is known about the recovery of these impairments in @entity1 with mild @entity131 (mTBI) and their underlying pathophysiology, such as @entity62 . RESEARCH DESIGN: A prospective longitudinal study followed the recovery of mathematical @entity62 in @entity1 with mTBI from the sub-acute (1 month @entity130 ) to chronic stage (6-8 months @entity130 ) of recovery. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Twenty @entity1 with mTBI and 20 matched controls completed mathematics tests. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) metrics of white matter pathways corpus callosum (CC), superior and @entity3057 were examined with DTI-tractography. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: Mathematical difficulties and @entity62 in the CC observed shortly after the injury resolved after 6-8 months of recovery. @entity1 with mTBI continued to show working @entity2414 . Longitudinal DTI data suggest continued maturation of the CC in controls, but little maturation of the damaged CC in @entity1 with mTBI. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with mTBI recovered in terms of mathematical @entity62 . These @entity1 continued to show working @entity2414 , which might interfere with learning at school.

title: Longitudinal changes in mathematical XXXX following paediatric mild @entity131 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory deficits']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['abilities and white matter', 'white matter abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['post-injury']

entities_list: @entity3057 :: ('MESH:D017887', 'Disease') :: ['longitudinal fasciculi']

answer: @entity62 :: (MESH:D056784,Disease) :: ['abilities and white matter']