abstract: This study compares the probability of disease progression, progression-free survival, and overall survival between @entity1 undergoing an allogeneic or autologous transplant for @entity1582 using an identical preparative regimen. @entity1 received a preparative regimen of @entity131 , @entity1863 , and @entity786 followed by an allogeneic or autologous transplant. In the allogeneic group (n = 21), six @entity1 received bone marrow and 15 received @entity1261 mobilized PBSC; all autologous @entity1 (n = 35) received PBSC mobilized with @entity786 and @entity1261 . Allogeneic donors were HLA-identical (n = 20) or one-antigen mismatched (n = 1) siblings. @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) prophylaxis consisted of @entity1140 (n = 10), @entity1140 / @entity1499 (n = 6), @entity205 / @entity1499 (n = 4), or @entity205 (n = 1). The groups were evenly matched for gender, pretransplant therapy, disease status at time of transplant, @entity1582 subtype, and time from diagnosis to transplant. The median age was significantly lower in the allogeneic group (48 vs 55 years, P < 0.01). In the allogeneic group the probabilities of developing acute @entity2132 grade II-IV and chronic @entity2132 were 55% and 82%, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier probability of disease progression was significantly lower in the allogeneic group (11% vs 64%, P < 0.001) compared to the autologous group. Although progression-free (60% vs 30%, P = 0.19) and overall survival at 2 years (60% vs 42%, P = 0.39) favored the allogeneic group, this did not reach statistical significance. Within the allogeneic transplant group, @entity1 age 50 years or under had a 3-year overall survival significantly higher when compared to older @entity1 (79% vs 29%, P = 0.03). Using identical preparative regimens, allogeneic transplantation reduced disease progression compared to autologous transplantation for @entity1582 . This suggests that allogeneic transplantation induces a @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) effect.

title: Allogeneic stem cell transplantation reduces disease progression compared to autologous transplantation in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'myeloma']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft-versus-myeloma', 'Graft-versus-host disease', 'GVM']

entities_list: @entity1863 :: ('MESH:D002066', 'Chemical') :: ['busulfan']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['multiple myeloma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE BACKGROUND: Mycobacterium simiae has been identified as the most prevalent slow growing mycobacteria that has been isolated among Iranian @entity1 . Due to an importance of molecular approaches in the treatment of nontuberculosis mycobacteria, this study aimed to evaluate molecular drug susceptibility testing against the first-line ( @entity1215 and @entity3109 ) and second-line ( @entity2177 - @entity4509 and @entity7913 ) treatment in different subtypes of M. simiae. METHODS: The study involved all @entity1 presenting to our referral @entity378 center from March 2014 to August 2016, with confirmation of M. Simiae. For all sputum samples, after digestion and decontamination, followed by DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed using the @entity11217 gene. Furthermore, susceptibility to @entity1215 , @entity3109 , @entity2177 , @entity4509 , and @entity7913 were evaluated using rpoB, @entity11225 , katG, gyrA, and rrs genes, respectively. RESULTS: In total, 60 cases (58.33% @entity1 and 41.66% @entity1 ) of M. simiae @entity281 were identified and all were confirmed as subtype I. All the @entity1 were resistant to the first line- @entity378 drugs, while 88.33% and 91.66% of cases were susceptible to @entity2177 and both @entity4509 and @entity7913 , respectively. CONCLUSION: Regarding the given result, first-line @entity378 drugs should be excluded from the treatment regimen of M. simiae @entity1 . In addition, subtype I seems to be the most or even the only isolated M. simiae subtype among all Iranian @entity1 . While both @entity4509 and @entity7913 drugs showed better efficacy in the treatment M. simiae, the most susceptible antibiotic is still indeterminate.

title: Molecular drug susceptibility testing against the first-line ( @entity1215 and @entity3109 ) and second-line ( @entity2177 - XXXX and @entity7913 ) treatment in different subtypes of Mycobacterium simiae.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7913 :: ('MESH:D007612', 'Chemical') :: ['kanamycin']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity3109 :: ('MESH:D007538', 'Chemical') :: ['isoniazid']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampin']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

answer: @entity4509 :: (MESH:D000583,Chemical) :: ['amikacin']


abstract: A 62-year-old @entity1 with multiple nontender skin nodules is presented. Some of these nodules discharged a purulent looking fluid. At presentation, the @entity1 did not have any other complaints. No infectious, neoplastic, or immunologic origin could be found for the nodular rash. Biochemical profile, imaging, and skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of @entity4099 ( @entity4099 ) accompanying asymptomatic @entity788 . The process involved the mesenteric, subcutaneous, and intramedullary fat. The @entity272 were surgically treated. Mesenteric and intramedullary fat @entity39 were watched closely. A year later, the @entity1 was readmitted with a diagnosis of @entity788 . Subcutaneous and intramedullary @entity39 were completely resolved at this time, and only mesenteric fat @entity39 prevailed. The clinical syndrome of @entity4099 , its etiology, pathophysiology, treatment, and prognosis are discussed.

title: Disseminated fat @entity39 with asymptomatic XXXX : a case report and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity4099 :: ('MESH:D005218', 'Disease') :: ['DFN', 'disseminated fat necrosis']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity of pulse inversion harmonic digital sonography, unenhanced transabdominal sonography, and @entity11830 -enhanced MR imaging in the depiction of liver metastases. In addition, pulse inversion harmonic digital sonography was performed at different scanning times after Levovist injection to define the best phase for depiction. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty-six consecutive @entity1 with findings of extrahepatic primary @entity5 and liver metastases suspected on transabdominal sonography were examined with both pulse inversion harmonic imaging and @entity11830 -enhanced MR imaging within a 7-day period. Pulse inversion harmonic imaging was performed before and at 20, 100, and 180 sec after a bolus injection of Levovist. MR imaging was performed before and after @entity11830 administration, using breath-hold gradient-recalled echo T1-weighted and turbo spin-echo short tau inversion recovery T2-weighted sequences. Two radiologists independently evaluated image quality, and the number, location, and diameter of lesions scanned using both techniques. Intraoperative sonography or at least 8-month follow-up confirmed the lesions depicted. Analyses included Wilcoxon's signed rank test and Interclass correlation test. RESULTS: Levovist-enhanced pulse inversion harmonic imaging revealed 104 metastases on the first scan after contrast injection, 126 on the second scan, and 118 on the third, compared with 66 on the unenhanced scan. Pulse inversion harmonic digital sonography depicted 90% of lesions shown on @entity11830 -enhanced MR imaging (140 metastases) (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Levovist-enhanced pulse inversion harmonic digital sonography is a sensitive technique for depiction of liver metastases. Pulse inversion harmonic digital sonography may have a potential role in imaging @entity1 with possible metastatic involvement of the liver. Further studies are needed to define its place in the workup of these @entity1 . At present, @entity11830 -enhanced MR imaging, being more sensitive, must be performed in all @entity1 in whom pulse inversion harmonic digital sonography is not conclusive or when after pulse inversion harmonic digital sonography, @entity1 remain eligible for surgery.

title: Comparing Levovist-enhanced pulse inversion harmonic imaging and XXXX -enhanced MR imaging of hepatic metastases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity11830 :: ('MESH:C065507', 'Chemical') :: ['ferumoxides']

answer: @entity11830 :: (MESH:C065507,Chemical) :: ['ferumoxides']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many @entity1 who undergo diagnostic laparoscopy for @entity1118 do not have pelvic pathology. This has led to an interest in @entity4059 that might contribute to their experience of @entity158 . This study was designed to evaluate the effects of diagnostic laparoscopy on @entity1 with @entity1118 and to explore possible psychological mechanisms. METHODS: Seventy-one @entity1 undergoing laparoscopy for @entity1118 were randomly allocated to one of two groups waiting different lengths of time for laparoscopy. @entity1 were interviewed before laparoscopy and were followed up 1 week, 3 months and 6 months afterwards. @entity158 was assessed with an interview measure, diaries and visual analogue scales. RESULTS: @entity158 reductions were observed from before to after diagnostic laparoscopy. Regression analysis was used to identify factors which predicted improvements in @entity158 . The hypothesis that @entity4059 would predict improvements in @entity158 was confirmed. @entity158 improvements after laparoscopy were predicted by beliefs about @entity158 and the change in each @entity1 's evaluation of the seriousness of her condition. Other than baseline @entity158 , these psychological variables were the only ones to emerge as predictors of @entity158 change despite exploratory analysis of over 40 other variables. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnostic laparoscopy can have beneficial effects in @entity1 with @entity1118 . These effects appear to be the result of psychological mechanisms. Further investigation of these mechanisms could help in the understanding and treatment of @entity1 with @entity1118 .

title: The psychological effects of laparoscopy on @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pelvic pain']

entities_list: @entity4059 :: ('MESH:D007020', 'Disease') :: ['psychological factors']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pelvic pain']


abstract: Twelve active acromegalic @entity1 (10 @entity1 , 2 @entity1 ) were chronically treated with a long-acting microcapsulated preparation of @entity2390 (Sandostatin LAR, Novartis). In each case, a @entity2124 -producing pituitary @entity652 was responsible for the development of @entity2012 (microadenomas in 3 and macroadenomas in the rest of the @entity1 ). Treatment with long-acting @entity2390 was indicated for those @entity1 who had not reacted satisfactorily upon previous therapeutic procedures or proved to be unsuitable for irradiation therapy and/or surgery or refused both of these therapies. The preparation was given intramuscularly in every fourth week, generally in a dose of 20-30 mg. After a 6-month treatment, the daily mean of serum @entity2124 became suppressed below 2.5 ng/ml in 58.3% of the @entity1 , whereas the @entity2124 nadir during oral @entity413 tolerance test was found at or below 2.5 ng/ml in an even higher proportion of @entity1 (70%). During a 2-year period, the @entity2124 -suppressive effect of long-acting @entity2390 remained stable in all but one @entity1 . The size of the @entity977 remarkably decreased in 50% of this @entity1 cohort. The medication with this preparation was well tolerated. As adverse events, asymptomatic @entity2963 was detected in 2 @entity1 and biliary sludge-formation in 1 @entity1 . The total number of @entity1 with @entity413 metabolism disturbances increased only moderately, however, the occurrence of manifest @entity6 became doubled. On the basis of relevant literature data, it can be stated that the mortality rate of successfully treated acromegalics significantly improves. The present retrospective study yields evidence for the microcapsulated @entity2390 to be an effective tool in the modern therapy of @entity2012 .

title: [Current alternative in the pharmacotherapy of @entity2012 : the long-acting somatostatin analogue XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity2963 :: ('MESH:D002769', 'Disease') :: ['cholelithiasis']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity2390 :: (MESH:D015282,Chemical) :: ['octreotide']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Neoadjuvant radiation and chemotherapy in @entity5 reduces local recurrences and increases the rate of conservative sphincter surgery. However, an increase in postoperative morbidity and mortality has also been observed. This study analyzed the operative @entity260 in @entity1 with this treatment. @entity1 AND METHODS: Retrospective review of 103 @entity1 with @entity5 , divided into two groups: group A, 53 @entity1 undergoing preoperative radiotherapy with 45 Gy combined with chemotherapy, and group B, 50 @entity1 with @entity5 who received surgery after diagnosis. Both groups were homogeneous. The two groups were compared for both technical difficulty, using intraoperative data and rate of complications. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups with regard to intraoperative or postoperative data. In group A there were 20 complications in 17 @entity1 (32%) and in group B 22 complications in 19 @entity1 (38%). The rates of perineal wound infection were similar. The percentage of @entity834 was higher in group A. A greater number of anterior resections was performed in group A. CONCLUSION: Preoperative radiation and chemotherapy in @entity5 does not @entity260 and increases the rate of sphincter-preserving surgery.

title: Neoadjuvant radiation and chemotherapy in XXXX does not @entity260 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leaks']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['increase postoperative complications', 'difficulty and postoperative complications']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: Segments from almost all parts of the bowel have been used for urinary diversion. As a result, the available absorptive surface area of the bowel is reduced, and the incorporation of bowel segments into the urinary tract may have metabolic consequences. This is an area somewhat neglected in the literature. @entity14079 are rare, but sub-clinical metabolic disturbances are quite common. Several studies have demonstrated that some of the absorbent and secreting properties of the bowel tissue are preserved after incorporation into the urinary tract. Hyperchloraemic @entity520 can occur if ileal and/or colon segments are used, as well as malabsorption of @entity2186 and @entity6741 after the use of ileal segments. These metabolic effects are not as severe as may be suspected and can be prevented by prophylactic substitution. @entity5 can develop as a long-term consequence of bladder augmentation. Using @entity5 are most likely to occur at the ureteral implantation site. To prevent metabolic complications, careful @entity1 selection and meticulous and lifelong follow up, as well as prophylactic treatment, are mandatory. Endoscopy for early detection has been recommended, starting 10 years postoperatively for @entity1 who underwent surgery for a benign condition.

title: Bladder augmentation and urinary diversion in XXXX with neurogenic bladder: non-surgical considerations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['colonic segments, tumours', 'Secondary malignancies']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity6741 :: ('CHEBI:3098', 'Chemical') :: ['bile acid']

entities_list: @entity14079 :: ('MESH:D020739', 'Disease') :: ['Metabolic complications']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Most @entity1 with @entity2701 treat @entity10 episodes with over-the-counter medication. Combination analgesics containing @entity5834 may be more effective and as well tolerated as monotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of @entity117 , @entity1443 ( @entity1443 ) and @entity5834 in @entity2701 using recently recommended endpoints. METHODS: Four randomized, controlled trials of identical design in 1,900 @entity1 with @entity2701 comparing @entity117 , @entity1443 and @entity5834 vs. @entity1443 or placebo were pooled. Analysis populations were 'all @entity10 episodes' and those with 'severe @entity158 at baseline'. Post-hoc defined primary endpoint: @entity10 episodes @entity158 -free at 2  h. Secondary endpoints: @entity10 episodes @entity158 -free at 1  h, @entity10 response at 2  h (mild or no @entity158 ), degree of interference with daily activities. RESULTS: 6,861 @entity10 episodes were treated, including 2,215 severe @entity10 episodes. The proportion of @entity10 episodes @entity158 -free at 2  h was significantly higher with the triple combination (28.5%) vs. @entity1443 (21.0%) and placebo (18.0%) (p   <   0.0001), and similarly for those severe at baseline (20.2% vs. 12.1% and 10.8%; p    <=   0.0003). A similar pattern of superiority was observed for secondary endpoints. The triple combination was generally well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity117 , @entity1443 and @entity5834 is effective and well tolerated in @entity2701 , and significantly superior to @entity1443 with regard to being @entity158 -free at 2  h, @entity10 response at 2  h and ability to return to daily activities, even in those with @entity158 rated severe at baseline.

title: Use of a fixed combination of XXXX , @entity1443 and @entity5834 compared with @entity1443 alone in @entity2701 : meta-analysis of four randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol', 'acetaminophen']

entities_list: @entity5834 :: ('MESH:D002110', 'Chemical') :: ['caffeine']

entities_list: @entity2701 :: ('MESH:D018781', 'Disease') :: ['episodic tension-type headache']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity117 :: (MESH:D001241,Chemical) :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study evaluated the incidence of @entity2213 -associated @entity1910 , the interventional outcomes of severe @entity1910 , and impact of severe @entity1910 on the outcomes of @entity2213 treatment in @entity674 ( @entity674 ) @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 620 @entity1 were administered adjuvant or palliative @entity2213 for @entity674 at Asan Medical Center between January 2000 and July 2012. This analysis focused on a group of 42 @entity1 who developed a severe @entity1910 requiring major interventions, defined as dose interruption or reduction of @entity2213 or systemic @entity479 use. RESULTS: Of the 620 @entity1 treated with @entity2213 , 148 @entity1 (23.9%) developed an @entity2213 -associated @entity1910 ; 42 @entity1 (6.8%) developed a severe @entity1910 requiring major intervention. Of these, 28 @entity1 (66.8%) successfully continued @entity2213 with interventions. Serial blood eosinophil levels during @entity2213 treatment were associated with @entity1910 and severity. A significant association was observed between successful intervention and blood eosinophil level at the time of intervention initiation. In metastatic settings, @entity1 with severe @entity1910 requiring major interventions tended to show poorer progression-free survival than @entity1 who did not require major intervention and @entity1 with no @entity1910 , although this finding was not statistically significant (p=0.326). CONCLUSION: By aggressive treatment of severe @entity1910 through modification of @entity2213 dose or use of systemic @entity479 , the majority of @entity1 can continue on @entity2213 . In particular, @entity2213 dose intensity can be maintained with use of systemic @entity479 . Measuring the blood eosinophil levels may be helpful in guiding the management plan for @entity1910 regarding the intensity and duration of interventions.

title: Severe @entity2213 -Associated Skin Rash in @entity674 XXXX : Management and Clinical Implications.

entities_list: @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['rash', 'skin rash']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumor', 'GIST']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Three distinct -S and - @entity2733 or @entity17114 containing compounds, including @entity68529 , @entity5625 and @entity8542 , were studied as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and @entity46436 ( @entity38849 /Fs) inhibitors. All these three -S and -N containing compounds tested show strong suppression of @entity38849 /Fs formation, especially for @entity8542 which has not been studied before. With a (S+N)/Cl molar ratio of only 0.47, @entity8542 could inhibit 97.3% of @entity38849 /Fs and even 99.8% of I-TEQ. At an unusually high de novo test temperature (650  C), the @entity38849 /Fs' formation was still very low but also the inhibition capacity of @entity8542 was weak, with an efficiency of 59% for @entity38849 /Fs when with a (S+N)/Cl molar ratio of 1.40. The results also revealed that the inhibition capability of the combined -S/- @entity2733 or -S/ @entity17114 suppressant was strongly influenced by both the nature of the functional group of @entity1568 and the value of the molar ratio (S+N)/Cl. The @entity6115 functional group - @entity2733 tends to be more efficient than ammonium NH4(+) and within a certain range a higher (S+N)/Cl value leads to a higher inhibition efficiency. Moreover, the emission of gases was continuously monitored: the Gasmet results revealed that @entity9734 , @entity32626 and @entity3655 were the most important decomposition products of @entity8542 . @entity8542 is non-toxic, environment-friendly and can be sprayed into the post-combustion zone in form of powder or aqueous solution. The cost of @entity8542 at least can be partially compensated by its high inhibition efficiency. Therefore, the application of @entity8542 in a full-scale incinerator system is promising and encouraging.

title: XXXX /Fs' suppression by sulfur-amine/ammonium compounds.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity68529 :: ('MESH:C035309', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium thiosulfate']

entities_list: @entity8542 :: ('MESH:D013890', 'Chemical') :: ['Thiourea', 'thiourea']

entities_list: @entity46436 :: ('CHEBI:38922', 'Chemical') :: ['dibenzofurans']

entities_list: @entity5625 :: ('MESH:C005741', 'Chemical') :: ['aminosulfonic acid']

answer: @entity38849 :: (MESH:C008954,Chemical) :: ['PCDD']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Although focal cerebral @entity932 are infrequent in the term newborn, they must be considered when neurologic symptoms appear, especially when @entity410 are present. OBJECTIVE: Possible risk factors to suffer from these pathologies have been studied, as well as their evolution, to try to give a prognosis. @entity1 AND METHODS: The term newborns with focal @entity63 or hemorrhagic @entity75 who presented symptoms in the neonatal period have been studied for 10 years (January 1990-March 2000) in our @entity1 s Hospital Miguel Servet of Zaragoza (Spain). The newborns have been studied in our hospital, and their evolution followed in the Neuropediatric Consulting Room. From each case data about familiar history, pregnancy, labor, clinical manifestations, physical examination, complementary studies, diagnosis and neurodevelopment evolution have been collected. RESULTS. From the nine cases found, four were @entity1188 of the left medial cerebral artery, and five were @entity548 . Except in two cases in which an important birth @entity130 was present, any other antecedent that could be the cause was found. All except one manifested as @entity410 . Neuroimaging studies visualized the @entity64 in all of them. A slight @entity51 remains in seven @entity1 , and it is severe in one. CONCLUSIONS: @entity64 are infrequent in term newborns. Most of the times their etiology is not found. These accidents usually manifestate as focal @entity410 in the immediate neonatal period, and neuroimaging studies (ECO-TC) are essential for the diagnosis. The long term evolution is favorable in most of the cases, although focal @entity51 remains present frequently.

title: [Focal cerebral XXXX in the term newborn. Review of the last decade].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic or hemorrhagic lesions']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebrovascular strokes', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral lesions']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['motor deficit']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions']

answer: @entity932 :: (MESH:D020300,Disease) :: ['ischemic or hemorrhagic lesions']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this phase I study was to determine the safety and @entity137 profile of @entity136 administered as an intravesical agent in @entity1 with @entity1606 ( @entity1606 ) of the bladder. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with superficial @entity150 refractory to intravesical bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin (BCG) therapy and refusing a cystectomy were considered eligible for the trial. @entity136 was given in the bladder for 1 hour twice weekly in 100 mL @entity2827 for a total of six treatments. After a 1-week break, a second course of six treatments over 3 weeks was given, followed by response assessment. Four dose levels were explored: 500 mg, 1,000 mg, 1,500 mg, and 2,000 mg. RESULTS: Eighteen @entity1 completed therapy: three at 500 mg, six at 1,000 mg, three at 1,500 mg, and six at 2,000 mg. No grade 3 or 4 @entity137 was observed at 500 mg. At 1,000 mg, three @entity1 developed @entity811 and one had a skin reaction resembling grade 3 @entity8566 . Three @entity1 at 1,500 mg had no grade 3 or 4 @entity137 . Of six @entity1 at 2,000 mg, one had grade 3 @entity882 and @entity1398 without @entity281 . Seven @entity1 had a complete response (negative cytology and posttreatment biopsy), and four @entity1 had a mixed response (negative bladder biopsy but positive cytology). CONCLUSION: @entity136 has substantial activity as an intravesical agent in BCG-refractory @entity1606 and warrants further investigation. Therapy given twice weekly was associated with minimal @entity1494 and tolerable myelosuppression. The recommended phase II dose for twice-weekly therapy is 2,000 mg.

title: Phase I trial of intravesical XXXX in bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin-refractory @entity1606 of the bladder.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder irritation']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['transitional-cell carcinoma', 'TCC']

entities_list: @entity8566 :: ('MESH:D060831', 'Disease') :: ['hand-foot syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2827 :: ('MESH:D012965', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium chloride']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity12692 is an uncommon disease and the histopathogenesis is poorly understood. This study aims to investigate their clinicopathological and immunophenotypic profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity12692 was reconfirmed in biopsy tissue from 10 @entity1 in a period of 17 years. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on the archival materials, with antibodies to lymphoid antigens and oncogene products, @entity4042 and @entity588 . Six reactive @entity1600 and three tonsils were used for comparative study of the phenotypic expression. RESULT: There were three cases of plasma-cell and seven of hyaline-vascular variant. The ages of @entity1 ranged from eight to 60 years (median 30 years). The three @entity1 with plasma-cell variant were older, all females. Two of the plasma-cell variant had multicentric lesions associated with @entity262 . All @entity1 with hyaline-vascular variant had localised disease. @entity3202 centres were present in all the diagnostic tissue of both subtypes, with loss of @entity4042 follicular centre B-cells and presence of relatively few @entity4755 T-cells. These follicle centres stained strongly with anti- @entity10911 . In the mantle zone, @entity5893 expression was observed in only two cases and @entity588 expression similar to reactive follicles was present in six. CONCLUSION: Loss of @entity69225 -cells in the @entity3202 follicle centres, characteristic @entity10911 network patterns, low rate of @entity5893 and @entity588 expression in the mantle-zone lymphocytes are present in both variants of @entity12692 , differ distinctly from reactive follicles. The phenotypic similarity in these two variants suggests possibility of closely related pathogeneses.

title: The immunophenotypic patterns of follicle centre and mantle zone in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity12692 :: ('MESH:D005871', 'Disease') :: ["Castleman's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplastic lymph nodes']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity3202 :: ('MESH:D016109', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic', 'Atrophic follicle']

answer: @entity12692 :: (MESH:D005871,Disease) :: ['Castleman's disease']


abstract: The number and distribution of neurons within the vertebrate retina are tightly regulated. This is particularly apparent in the highly ordered, crystalline-like arrangement of the cone photoreceptors in the teleost. In this report, using a transgenic line of @entity3392 , a novel and developmentally regulated mosaic pattern of the rod photoreceptors is described. The spatial and temporal expression of EGFP, under the control of the @entity1238 @entity10627 gene promoter, was nearly identical to the endogenous @entity10627 . EGFP was first detected in the ventral nasal retinal in an area of precocious neurogenesis referred to as the "ventral patch". Subsequent expression of EGFP was observed in isolated cells sporadically distributed across the dorsal and central retina. However, confocal microscopy and spatial analysis of @entity735 or retinal explants from adults revealed a precise arrangement to the rod photoreceptors. The rod terminals were arranged in regularly spaced rows with clearly identifiable telodendria linking neighboring cells. The rod inner segments projected through the cone mosaic in a predictable pattern. In the adult, the rod mosaic originated near the retinal margin where clusters of rods differentiated around the immature short single cone. In the embryo, the sporadic differentiation of the rods led to the gradual formation of the mosaic pattern. With the growing interest in neuronal stem cells, revisiting this model of neurogenesis provides an avenue to uncover mechanisms underlying the precise integration of new neuronal elements into a preexisting neural network.

title: Development of a rod photoreceptor mosaic revealed in transgenic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['larval eyes']

answer: @entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['zebrafish']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate if @entity3025 ( @entity3025 ) contralateral to the @entity15740 can interfere with the compensatory @entity8 . METHODS: Twenty-seven @entity1 (17 males, 10 females) with @entity15740 ( @entity15740 ) (14 on the right, 13 on the left) have been treated at the Nephrology Unit of the Pediatric Department of the University of Verona from birth up to the second year of life. All these @entity1 were diagnosed as having @entity15740 by prenatal ultrasonography. Seven @entity1 (4 males and 3 females) had @entity3025 (5 monolateral, 2 bilateral), diagnosed at the end of the first month of life. After diagnosis children underwent antibiotic prophylaxis with @entity3405 compounds at low doses. Four @entity1 underwent a surgical correction of @entity3025 associated with nephrectomy within the second year of life. The remaining 3 @entity1 were treated with antibiotic prophylaxis; a progressive resolution or downgrading of reflux grade took place respectively in 1 and in 2 of them. Only 6 @entity1 with @entity15740 underwent nephrectomy. @entity8 was studied by serial echographic measurements of the @entity8 (performed at birth, at 6 months, and at 2 years of life). RESULTS: Renal length was 5.68+/-1.24 cm, 6.72+/-0.88 cm, 8.56+/-1.27 cm in @entity1 without @entity3025 , respectively at birth, 6 months and 2 years of life. Renal length was 4.65+/-0.63 cm, 6.70+/-0.64 cm, 7.07+/-1.14 cm in @entity1 with @entity3025 , respectively at birth, 6 months and 2 years of life. A statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups at birth (p<0.05) and at 2 years of life (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The conclusion is that @entity3025 contralateral to the @entity15740 is associated with small kidneys and reduced renal growth both at birth and at 2 years of life.

title: XXXX and contralateral @entity3025 . @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['longitudinal renal lenght', 'Renal growth', 'renal hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity3405 :: ('CHEBI:35627', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactam']

entities_list: @entity15740 :: ('MESH:D021782', 'Disease') :: ['MDK', 'multicystic dysplastic kidney']

entities_list: @entity3025 :: ('MESH:D014718', 'Disease') :: ['VUR', 'vesicoureteral reflux']

answer: @entity15740 :: (MESH:D021782,Disease) :: ['Multicystic dysplastic kidney']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: Pleural fluid cytology and non-image-guided Abrams or @entity5786 biopsies have sensitivities of approximately 30% for detecting @entity3620 , and thoracoscopic biopsy has a sensitivity of approximately 90%. The difference between these two probably relates to obtaining adequate tissue. The use of immunohistochemical stains allows a firm diagnosis to be made from relatively small samples. This study explores whether percutaneous image-guided cutting needle biopsy (CNB) combined with immunohistochemistry is accurate in diagnosing @entity456 due to @entity2615 . DESIGN: Retrospective review of image-guided CNB of @entity456 performed on consecutive @entity1 over 7 years by a single radiologist. SETTING: Teaching hospital chest radiology department. @entity1 : Twenty-one adult @entity1 with a final diagnosis of @entity3620 were identified from 53 consecutive @entity1 who underwent percutaneous image-guided CNB. All 21 @entity1 had @entity456 identified on contrast-enhanced CT, and all had a final histologic diagnosis of @entity2615 confirmed by postmortem examination or thoracoscopy. INTERVENTIONS: Fourteen-gauge and 18-gauge cutting needles were used. Biopsy guidance was by ultrasound in 6 @entity1 and by CT in 15 @entity1 . MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: A correct histologic diagnosis of @entity3620 was made by CNB in 18 @entity1 (86% sensitivity and 100% specificity). Complications included one chest wall @entity1410 and a small hemoptysis. Four @entity1 with a @entity456 thickness of < or = 5 mm underwent biopsy, and all specimens were diagnostic for @entity2615 . CONCLUSIONS: Image-guided percutaneous CNB of @entity456 is a safe procedure, with 86% sensitivity for detecting @entity3620 . Pleural thickening of < or = 5 mm may be successfully sampled.

title: Percutaneous image-guided cutting needle biopsy of the pleura in the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['malignant mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity456 :: ('MESH:D010995', 'Disease') :: ['pleural', 'pleural thickening']

answer: @entity3620 :: (MESH:C562839,Disease) :: ['malignant mesothelioma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To retrospectively assess possible clinical predictors of @entity3 to the brain in @entity1 with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review board approval was obtained, informed consent was waived, and data and other information were obtained prior to implementation of HIPAA. A review was performed of 264 @entity1 (mean age, 65 years; 158 @entity1 and 106 @entity1 ) with @entity1149 who had undergone imaging studies of the chest and head. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to determine the predicted probability of @entity3 to the brain as a function of @entity1 age and sex and of size, cell type, peripheral versus central location, and lymph node stage of the primary @entity1149 . RESULTS: Ninety-five (36%) @entity1 had evidence of @entity3 to the brain. Mean diameter of the primary @entity5 was 4.0 cm +/- 2.2 (standard deviation). Cell types included @entity420 (136 [52%] @entity1 ), undifferentiated (68 [26%] @entity1 ), and squamous (47 [18%] @entity1 ), for which @entity3 to the brain occurred in 43%, 41%, and 13% (P = .003) of @entity1 , respectively. The predicted probability of @entity3 to the brain correlated positively with size of the @entity5 (P < .001), cell type ( @entity420 and undifferentiated vs squamous, P = .001), and lymph node stage (P < .017) but did not correlate with age, sex, or @entity5 location. For primary @entity420 without lymph node spread, the predicted probabilities of @entity3 to the brain from 2- and 6-cm primary @entity5 were .14 (95% confidence interval: .06, .27) and .72 (95% confidence interval: .48, .88), respectively (P < .02). CONCLUSION: The probability of @entity3 to the brain from primary @entity1149 is correlated with size of the @entity5 , cell type, and intrathoracic lymph node stage.

title: Clinical predictors of XXXX to the brain from @entity1149 : @entity5 size, cell type, and lymph node @entity3 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastatic disease']


abstract: Single institution and population-based studies highlight that infectious complications following transrectal ultrasound guided prostate needle biopsy (TRUS PNB) are increasing. Such @entity281 are largely attributable to @entity1536 resistant microorganisms which colonize the rectal vault and are translocated into the bloodstream during the biopsy procedure. A @entity4279 rectal preparation (PIRP) at time of biopsy is a simple, reproducible method to reduce rectal microorganism colony counts and therefore resultant @entity281 following TRUS PNB. All @entity1 are administered three days of oral antibiotic therapy prior to biopsy. The PIRP technique involves initially positioning the @entity1 in the standard manner for a TRUS PNB. Following digital rectal examination, 15 ml  of a 10% solution of commercially available @entity4279 is mixed with 5 ml  of 1% @entity3303 jelly to create slurry. A 4 cm x 4 cm sterile gauze is soaked in this slurry and then inserted into the rectal vault for 2 min after which it is removed. Thereafter, a disposable @entity2708 gynecologic swab is used to paint both the perianal area and the rectal vault to a distance of 3 cm from the anus. The @entity4279 solution is then allowed to dry for 2 - 3 min prior to proceeding with standard transrectal ultrasonography and subsequent biopsy. This PIRP technique has been in practice at our institution since March of 2012 with an associated reduction of post-biopsy @entity281 from 4.3% to 0.6% (p = 0.02). The principal advantage of this prophylaxis regimen is its simplicity and reproducibility with use of an easily available, inexpensive agent to reduce @entity281 . Furthermore, the technique avoids exposing @entity1 to additional systemic antibiotics with potential further propagation of multi-drug resistant organisms. Usage of PIRP at TRUS PNB, however, is not applicable for @entity1 with @entity1496 or shellfish @entity566 .

title: XXXX Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergies']

entities_list: @entity4279 :: ('MESH:D011206', 'Chemical') :: ['povidone iodine']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity1536 :: ('CHEBI:23765', 'Chemical') :: ['quinolone']

answer: @entity4279 :: (MESH:D011206,Chemical) :: ['Povidone Iodine']


abstract: RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: @entity4521 addiction is a significant health and societal problem for which there is no highly effective long-term behavioral or pharmacological treatment. Therefore, strategies that support @entity4521 abstinence should be a primary focus of @entity4521 treatment research. To this end, the current study used an animal conflict model that captures the aversive consequences of drug seeking (as are typical in @entity1 , e.g., incarceration and job loss) to induce abstinence. Using this abstinence model, we examined the capacity of environmental enrichment (EE) to facilitate abstinence in @entity4521 seeking @entity35 . METHODS: The procedure consisted of two phases: drug self-administration (phase 1) and electric barrier application (phase 2) that resulted in abstinence. For phase 1, male @entity35 were trained to self-administer intravenous @entity4521 under a fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement. After self-administration was acquired, animals were housed either in EE or standard cages (non-EE control). During abstinence in phase 2, the electric barrier was introduced in the operant conditioning chambers by electrifying the floor area near the levers. RESULTS: We found that EE @entity35 achieved abstinence (zero active lever presses for 3 consecutive sessions) in significantly fewer sessions than NEE @entity35 . Further, EE @entity35 abstained at significantly lower electric currents than NEE @entity35 . CONCLUSIONS: EE facilitated abstinence in the conflict model. The current use of the abstinence-conflict model to investigate EE as a behavioral strategy to facilitate abstinence will help in the development of effective treatments for @entity1 addicts by bringing together the positive consequences of abstinent behavior in an enriched environment with the aversive consequences of drug seeking.

title: Environmental enrichment induces early XXXX abstinence in an animal conflict model.

entities_list: @entity4521 :: ('MESH:D003932', 'Chemical') :: ['Heroin', 'heroin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

answer: @entity4521 :: (MESH:D003932,Chemical) :: ['heroin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify @entity74 associated with @entity854 ; type and frequency of various @entity854 associated with selected genetic and @entity74 ; and devise a suitable classification for @entity854 . METHODS: Pediatric cases referred with @entity1032 , @entity600 and suspected genetic and @entity209 were enrolled prospectively. Relevant clinical details (including an ophthalmologic examination) and investigations were recorded. RESULT: Of the 1308 @entity1 enrolled, 679 (51.9%) had @entity854 . 458 cases (67.45%) out of these 679 had @entity1032 and 20 (2.94%) had neuroregression. Environmental (12.22%) and @entity2008 (10.9%) were the largest etiological groups. Down syndrome was the commonest of the @entity2008 and mongoloid slant and epicanthic folds were its commonest ophthalmologic features. Mucopolysaccharidoses (21.4%), @entity2360 (19.64%), @entity16392 (16.07%) and lipid storage disorders (14.29%) were the most common @entity2246 associated with @entity854 . Of the 39 cases with @entity74 , @entity74 (56.41%) were the commonest associated with @entity735 . A simple anatomical classification has been devised for various @entity854 encountered (wherein, positional and @entity20428 were the commonest). CONCLUSION: Up to 50% of cases referred to the genetic services have @entity854 . Conditions including @entity2008 , @entity209 , @entity74 and environmental factors are associated with @entity735 . Anatomically, positional and @entity20428 are the commonest.

title: Congenital and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital malformations']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['ocular abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmologic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity16392 :: ('MESH:D016115', 'Disease') :: ['oculocutaneous albinism']

entities_list: @entity2360 :: ('MESH:D006527', 'Disease') :: ['Wilson disease']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['inherited disorders', 'autosomal dominant disorders', 'genetic disorders', 'Mendelian syndromes', 'Mendelian inheritance of disorders']

entities_list: @entity20428 :: ('MESH:D000291', 'Disease') :: ['adnexal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disorders']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormalities', 'chromosomal anomalies']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['inborn errors of metabolism']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['inherited ophthalmologic abnormalities']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies suggest a negative association between @entity1534 and @entity354 ( @entity354 ). Moreover, @entity2757 -positive strains are reported to protect from complications of @entity354 . The aim of this study was to determine virulence factors ( @entity2757 , vacA and iceA) of @entity1534 strains and the pattern of @entity3621 in @entity1 with @entity354 in comparison with @entity1 with duodenal ulcer (DU) or @entity2210 ( @entity2210 ). METHODS: @entity1534 strains isolated from gastric biopsies of 105 consecutive @entity1 with mild to moderate erosive @entity354 (n = 35, LA grade A-B), and from sex- and age-matched @entity1 with DU (n = 35) or @entity2210 (n = 35 without reflux symptoms) were investigated. @entity2757 , vacA, and iceA genotypes were determined by PCR analysis of the isolates. @entity3621 was classified in accordance with the updated Sydney classification. RESULTS: The prevalence of all three @entity1534 virulence factors was higher in @entity1 with @entity354 ( @entity2757 + 80%, vacA s1 77%, iceA1 71%) and DU ( @entity2757 + 83%, vacA s1 80%, iceA1 74%) than in @entity1 with @entity2210 ( @entity2757 + 40%, vacA s1 49%, iceA1 46%). @entity3621 activity in the antrum and corpus did not differ between the three groups. However, lymphocytic infiltration of the gastric antral mucosa was more pronounced in DU @entity1 than in those with @entity354 or @entity2210 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1534 strains obtained from @entity1 with mild to moderate erosive @entity354 show a virulence pattern similar to that found in DU @entity1 . The presence of these virulence factors does not appear to protect against @entity75 in the oesophagus.

title: XXXX genotypes and expression of @entity3621 in @entity354 .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['erosive lesions']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['gastritis', 'Gastritis']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['GORD', 'gastro-oesophageal reflux disease']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity2210 :: ('MESH:D004415', 'Disease') :: ['functional dyspepsia', 'FD']

answer: @entity1534 :: (210,Species) :: ['Helicobacter pylori']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Understanding @entity8976 distribution of potentially infectious (parous) mosquitoes at various hours of the night would be useful in establishing the likely impact of bed nets on @entity311 transmission. Bed nets are highly effective at preventing @entity8976 by older @entity311 vectors, which occurs when most @entity1 are in bed. However, this behaviour is likely to vary across ecological settings and among mosquito populations. METHODS: Field experiments were conducted in Minepa village within Kilombero Valley. Two outdoor catching stations located approximately 50  m from each other were established for mosquito collection. On each experimental night, mosquitoes were collected using @entity1 landing catch (HLC) by a single adult male at each station from 18:00 to 07:00  h. To compare the distribution of mosquito @entity8976 and the composition of their age structure, mosquitoes were sorted and recorded according to the hour they were collected. A sub-sample of @entity5787 was dissected to determine their parity status. Insectary-reared An. arabiensis within the semi-field system (SFS) with known age were also released in the SFS (10  m  *  20  m) and recaptured hourly using HLC to determine the effect of parity on @entity8976 distribution. RESULTS: Overall, there was no statistical association between the parity status and the @entity8976 time of An. arabiensis either in the field or in the SFS (P  >=   0.05). The wild and insectary-reared An. arabiensis were observed to exhibit different hourly @entity8976 patterns. CONCLUSION: The study has shown that mosquito @entity8976 time phenotype is not influenced by their parity status. These findings imply that the risk of @entity1 exposure to potentially infectious bites is equally distributed throughout the night, thus supplementary measures to protect @entity1 against bites in evening and morning are desirable.

title: Bites before and after bedtime can carry a high risk of XXXX malaria infection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'people']

entities_list: @entity5787 :: ('7173', 'Species') :: ['Anopheles arabiensis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Infection by Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing enterohemorrhagic @entity526 (EHEC) results in severe @entity294 , @entity548 , and, occasionally, @entity1381 ( @entity1381 ). @entity1381 is associated with an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, many of which are produced by macrophages in the kidneys, indicating that localized host innate immunity likely plays a role in renal pathogenesis. EHEC serotypes may express one or two classes of serologically defined but structurally and functionally-related Shiga toxins called @entity10952 and @entity23345 . Of these, @entity23345 appears to be linked to higher rates of @entity1381 than @entity10952 . To investigate a possible reason for this, we exposed @entity1 macrophage-like @entity1357 cells to @entity10952 or @entity23345 and then used the Luminex multiplex system to assess cytokine/chemokine concentrations in culture supernatant solutions. This analysis revealed that, relative to @entity10952 , @entity23345 significantly caused increased expression of @entity1261 , @entity1356 , @entity687 and @entity310 in macrophage-like @entity1357 cells. This was determined to not be due to a difference in @entity137 since both @entity10952 and @entity23345 displayed similar cytotoxic activities on macrophage-like @entity1357 cells. These observations indicate that, in vitro, @entity23345 can provoke a greater pro-inflammatory response than @entity10952 in macrophages and provides a possible partial explanation for higher rates of @entity1381 in @entity1 infected with EHEC strains expressing @entity23345 . To begin to determine a mechanism for Shiga toxin-mediated cytokine production, we exposed macrophage-like @entity1357 cells to @entity10952 or @entity23345 subunits. Luminex analysis of cytokines in cell culture supernatant solutions demonstrated that neither subunit alone induced a cytokine response in @entity1357 cells.

title: The Effects of Shiga Toxin 1, 2 and Their Subunits on Cytokine and Chemokine Expression by @entity1 Macrophage-Like XXXX Cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic colitis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1381 :: ('MESH:D006463', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic-uremic syndrome', 'HUS']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity1357 :: (2736,Gene) :: ['THP-1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Local unresectable recurrence of @entity421 is one of the most challenging @entity5 to treat. @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) is a new, noninvasive technique with potential to ablate and inactivate @entity5 . Treatment of @entity5 with @entity2101 has been reported. In this study, we assessed safety and efficacy of @entity2101 in treating local unresectable recurrence of @entity421 . METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of 27 @entity1 who had local unresectable recurrence of @entity421 from 2006 to 2010. Changes of biochemical markers and @entity158 rating, response rate, disease control rate, @entity66 progression-free survival, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were used to evaluate efficacy of @entity2101 treatment. RESULTS: @entity2101 resulted in a significant change in alkaline phosphatase and @entity880 dehydrogenase and a remarkably relief in @entity158 rating, without severe side effects. According to MRI examination 4-6 weeks after @entity2101 treatment, 2 (7.4%) @entity1 had complete response (CR), 12 (44.4%) had partial response (PR), 9 (33.3%) had @entity66 ( @entity66 ) and 4 (14.8%) had @entity74 ( @entity74 ). The response rate was 51.8% and the @entity66 control rate was 85.2%. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year @entity66 control rates were 59.2%, 40.7% and 33.1%, respectively. The median @entity66 progression-free time was 14 months, the median progression-free time was 13 months and the median over-all survival time was 21 months. @entity1 without @entity358 had a better @entity66 control rate at 1-,2-,3-year and a longer @entity66 progression-free time, progression-free time, over-all survival time than @entity1 with @entity358 . CONCLUSION: @entity2101 is a safe and noninvasive treatment for local unresectable recurrence of @entity421 , with good local control and without severe complications.

title: @entity2101 : Noninvasive treatment for local unresectable recurrence of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['stable disease', 'local disease', 'SD']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'solid tumors']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary metastasis']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['High-intensity focused ultrasound', 'HIFU']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'progression disease']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['osteosarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity158 is the most feared part of the terminal life of many @entity1 with @entity5 , the intensity and the quality of the @entity158 is all too often only scantly described. METHOD: The quality and quantity of @entity158 were prospectively registered by five variables, including a visual analogue scale (VAS), in 46 consecutive @entity1 with exocrine @entity788 . RESULTS: Twenty-seven percent of the @entity1 were @entity158 free and 24 (53%) @entity1 reported little or no @entity158 at the time of diagnosis. Only 5 (11%) @entity1 had severe @entity158 . @entity1 with @entity5 in the head of the pancreas had @entity158 than @entity1 with @entity5 in the body or tail of the pancreas, which could not be explained by stage or size of the @entity5 . With time there were less and less @entity1 with little or no @entity158 (VAS 0-2), but after 8 and 10 weeks about one third of the @entity1 were still without any @entity158 (VAS < or = 0). With time there was also a tendency to treat @entity1 more frequently with @entity1286 in spite of a low @entity158 score. Preoperative @entity158 simply measured with VAS is an addition to prognostic information. CONCLUSION: @entity158 in @entity788 is not as common as usually stated at the time of diagnosis, but is related to the site of the @entity5 . Eventually more @entity1 are treated with opioid drugs. Evaluation of the @entity158 pattern is an addition to prognostic information.

title: Prospective evaluation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['less pain', 'Pain', 'pain', 'completely pain']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pain in exocrine pancreatic cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Parotid glands @entity353 ( @entity353 ) in @entity244 @entity1 have provided conflicting results currently. PURPOSE: To determine if parotid gland @entity353 using a small region of interest (ROI) can provide diagnosis and assess therapeutic efficacy in @entity244 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-three @entity1 with @entity244 , five with @entity2133 who did not meet diagnostic criteria for @entity244 , and 11 healthy volunteers (controls) were evaluated with @entity353 . All @entity1 received routine T1-weighted (T1W) imaging and T2-weighted ( @entity13212 ) fat-suppressed imaging, and @entity353 . The SI ratios (SIRs) and ADC ratios (ADCRs) for parotid gland/spinal cord were then calculated. Approximately 8-10 round ROIs measuring approximately 5   mm(2) were placed on each lobe of the parotid gland, and the signal intensity (SI) was measured while avoiding fat, ducts, and blood vessels. A ROI encompassing the entire lobe of the parotid gland was also used to measure SI. RESULTS: Using 5   mm(2) ROIs significantly higher @entity353 SIRs were noted in @entity1 with @entity244 compared with either @entity1 with @entity2133 without @entity244 or healthy volunteers (all, P <0.001). The difference was not related to the presence of fat. No differences were noted when the larger ROI was used. In addition, parotid gland from untreated Sj  gren's @entity1 showed significantly higher SIRs compared with those from treated @entity1 (P   =   0.015). CONCLUSION: A small ROI @entity353 can provide morphological and functional information on the parotid gland in @entity244 @entity1 , and can aid in the diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy.

title: Diffusion-weighted MRI findings in XXXX : a preliminary study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity13212 :: ('p|SUB|T|2|W', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['T2W']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['DWI', 'diffusion-weighted imaging']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Sj  gren's syndrome"]

answer: @entity244 :: (MESH:D014899,Disease) :: ['Sj  gren's syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the correlations between the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value and the standardized uptake value (SUV) with prognostic factors in @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy @entity1 with @entity0 (56 cases of @entity513 , four of mixed @entity1137 , three of lobular invasive @entity189 , two of @entity189 , and one each of mixed @entity513 , @entity189 , @entity189 , @entity189 , and @entity420 ) were included in this study. All @entity1 underwent presurgical breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) at 1.5T and whole-body @entity419 ( @entity419 ) positron emission tomography (PET) / computed tomography (CT). For all invasive @entity0 and @entity513 , we assessed the relationships among ADC, SUV, and pathological prognostic factors. RESULTS: Both the median ADC value and maximum SUV (SUVmax) were significantly associated with @entity1350 (P = 0.008 and P = 0.026, respectively). SUVmax was also significantly correlated with @entity5 size (P = 0.001), histological grade (P = 0.001), lymph node status (P = 0.0015), @entity172 receptor status (P = 0.010), and @entity1 @entity1722 status (P = 0.020), whereas ADC values were not. The correlation between the ADC and SUVmax was not significant (P = 0.356; R = -0.112). @entity189 showed high ADC and relatively low SUVmax. @entity189 showed low ADC and high SUVmax. When we evaluated the relationships among ADC, SUVmax, and prognostic factors in the 56 @entity513 , our statistical results were not significantly changed, except SUVmax was also significantly associated with @entity1420 receptor status (P = 0.034), but not lymph node status. CONCLUSION: SUVmax may be valuable for predicting the prognosis of @entity0 . Both ADC and SUVmax are useful to predict @entity1350 . J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015.

title: Diffusion-weighted imaging and XXXX positron emission tomography/computed tomography in @entity0 : Correlation of the apparent diffusion coefficient and maximum standardized uptake values with prognostic factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1137 :: ('MESH:D018275', 'Disease') :: ['ductal and lobular invasive carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['invasive breast cancer', 'breast cancer', 'breast cancers']

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['(18) F-FDG', '(18) F-fluorodeoxyglucose']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['metaplastic carcinoma', 'mucinous carcinoma', 'Mucinous carcinoma', 'carcinoma', 'medullary carcinoma', 'micropapillary carcinoma', 'Medullary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1350 :: ('MESH:D019043', 'Disease') :: ['vascular invasion']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['invasive ductal carcinoma', 'ductal and mucinous carcinoma', 'invasive ductal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['tubular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1722 :: ('2064', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor 2']

answer: @entity419 :: (MESH:D019788,Chemical) :: ['(18) F-fluorodeoxyglucose']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We evaluated whether @entity452 stress @entity42272 (DSTF) quantitative gated single photon emission computed tomography (QGS) could predict late spontaneous improvement of cardiac function in @entity1 with @entity1000 ( @entity384 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: The study included 26 @entity1 with recently diagnosed (<2 months) idiopathic @entity384 and a @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) lower than 45%. DSTF-QGS was performed in all @entity1 to measure @entity1002 at rest and during @entity452 infusion (10 microg. kg(-1). min(-1)). @entity1002 and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) were determined by echocardiography, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class was estimated at baseline and after 1 year. After 1 year of treatment, the echocardiographic @entity1002 improved by greater than 5% in 13 @entity1 (group A) but did not improve in the remaining 13 @entity1 (group B). At baseline, the echocardiographic @entity1002 , LVEDV, and NYHA functional class were similar in both groups. However, there was a greater increase in the @entity1002 during the @entity452 infusion portion of the DSTF-QGS (DeltaLVEF) in group A than in group B (13.1% +/- 5.9% vs 2.6% +/- 4.1%, P <.0001). If a critical value for the DeltaLVEF of 7.0% was used to predict improvement in @entity1002 after treatment, the sensitivity was 84.7% and the specificity was 84.7%. LVEDV and NYHA functional class improved to a greater extent in group A than in group B. CONCLUSIONS: DSTF-QGS can be used to predict late spontaneous improvement in cardiac function and symptoms after treatment in @entity1 with idiopathic @entity384 .

title: Myocardial contractile reserve determined by XXXX stress Tc-99m tetrofosmin quantitative gated SPECT predicts late spontaneous improvement in cardiac function in @entity1 with recent-onset @entity384 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity42272 :: ('MESH:C078700', 'Chemical') :: ['technetium 99m tetrofosmin']

entities_list: @entity1000 :: ('MESH:C536277', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular ejection fraction', 'LVEF']

answer: @entity452 :: (MESH:D004280,Chemical) :: ['dobutamine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The survival rate of grafted fat is difficult to predict, and repeated procedures are frequently required. In this study, the effects of the freezing period of harvested adipose tissue and the addition of @entity1 adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) on the process of fat absorption were studied. METHODS: Adipose tissue was obtained from @entity1 who underwent a lipoaspirated fat graft. The fat tissue was cryopreserved at -20    in a domestic refrigerator. A total of 40 @entity19 were used. The @entity19 in the experimental group received three different subcutaneous injections in the back: an injection of fresh fat and ASCs, an injection of fat that had been frozen for one month and ASCs, and an injection of fat that had been frozen for two months and ASCs. The control @entity19 received fat grafts without ASCs. The @entity19 were sacrificed at four or eight weeks after the procedure, and the grafted fat tissues were harvested. The extracted fat was evaluated using photographic analysis, volume measurements, and histological examination. RESULTS: In the control group, the fat resorption rates four weeks after transplantation in the grafts of fresh fat, fat that had been frozen for one month, and fat that had been frozen for two months were 21.14%, 22.46%, and 42.56%, respectively. In the experimental group, the corresponding resorption rates were 6.68%, 13.0%, and 33.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: ASCs can increase the fat graft survival rate. The use of ASCs in fat grafting can reduce the need for repeated fat grafts and provide good long term results.

title: The Relationship of a Combination of XXXX Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells and Frozen Fat with the Survival Rate of Transplanted Fat.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: @entity1522 serve as constituents of proteins, precursors for anabolism, and, in some cases, as signaling molecules in @entity1 and plants. This review is focused on new insights, or speculations, on signaling functions of @entity563 , y-aminobutyric acid ( @entity1246 ) and @entity815 -derived @entity35839 . @entity563 acts as signal in brain tissue and @entity1 @entity5 cells. In plants, de novo @entity563 biosynthesis is also highly active in fast growing tissues such as meristems, suggesting a similar role of @entity563 as in @entity1 . @entity1246 functions as inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. In plants, @entity1246 is also abundant and seems to be involved in sexual reproduction, cell elongation, patterning and cell identity. The aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, @entity669 , and @entity2340 are precursors for the production of secondary plant products. Besides their pharmaceutical value, @entity16296 , @entity16296 and hydroxycinnamic acid amides (HCAA) deriving from @entity35839 metabolism and, in the case of HCAA, also from @entity369 have been shown to fulfill signaling functions or are involved in the response to biotic and abiotic stress. Although some basics on @entity35839 -derived signaling have been described, little is known on recognition- or signal transduction mechanisms. In general, mutant- and transgenic approaches will be helpful to elucidate the mechanistic basis of metabolite signaling.

title: XXXX - A life between metabolism and signaling.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'mammalians']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['Amino acids']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity16296 :: ('MESH:D017705', 'Chemical') :: ['neolignans', 'lignans']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['Serine', 'serine']

entities_list: @entity35839 :: ('CHEBI:26004', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylpropanoids', 'phenylpropanoid']

entities_list: @entity815 :: ('CHEBI:28044', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylalanine']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity1522 :: (CHEBI:33709,Chemical) :: ['Amino acids']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity8 is a common cause of @entity454 , and no approved treatment is available in the US to slow disease progression. The @entity3470 signaling pathway is aberrantly activated in @entity8 , and, while @entity3470 inhibitors are highly effective in rodent models, clinical trials in @entity28046 have been disappointing due to dose-limiting extra-renal side effects. Since @entity3470 is known to be regulated by nutrients and cellular energy status we hypothesized that dietary restriction may affect @entity8 growth. Here we show that @entity146 ( @entity146 ) by 23% profoundly affects @entity8767 in an orthologous @entity19 model of @entity28046 with a mosaic conditional knockout of @entity5407 . This mild level of @entity146 does not affect normal body @entity1017 , cause @entity3147 or any other apparent side effects. @entity146 substantially slows disease progression: relative kidney weight increase was 41% vs. 151% in controls, proliferation of cyst-lining cells was 7.7% vs. 15.9% in controls. @entity19 on @entity146 diet maintained kidney function and did not progress to @entity454 . The two major branches of @entity13407 signaling, S6 and 4EBP1, are both suppressed in cyst-lining cells by @entity146 suggesting that this dietary regimen may be more broadly effective than pharmacological @entity3470 inhibition with rapalogues which primarily affects the S6 branch. These results indicate that @entity8767 are exquisitely sensitive to minor reductions in nutrient supply or energy status. This study suggests that a mild @entity393 represents a potential therapeutic intervention to slow disease progression in @entity28046 @entity1 .

title: A mild reduction of food intake slows disease progression in an orthologous XXXX model of @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal cyst', 'Autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease', 'renal cysts']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['RFI', 'reduced food intake']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity8767 :: ('MESH:D007690', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic kidneys']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in food intake']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of MRI and MR angiography for the assessment of @entity1095 compared with the usefulness of conventional duplex sonography, venography, and arteriography. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. Nineteen @entity1 (age range, 8-64 years; 11 males and eight females) with clinically diagnosed or suspected @entity854 of the extremities were examined on a 1.5-T whole-body MR scanner. Using parameters based on a fast localizer sequence, we acquired transverse or coronal T1-, T2-, short tau inversion recovery (STIR), and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images. Dynamic contrast-enhanced three-dimensional (3D) gradient-echo MRIs were acquired to determine the extent and type of the @entity2758 for each @entity1 . MR data sets were evaluated for lesion depiction, determination of the extent of the @entity600 , involvement of neighboring structures, vascular detail, and treatment planning. Results were compared with findings from duplex sonography, venography, and intraarterial digital subtraction angiography. RESULTS: All MRIs were of diagnostic quality and revealed 12 @entity455 , four @entity2758 , and three @entity2695 . The STIR sequence was helpful for determining the extent of the @entity1462 , which was often underestimated using contrast-enhanced 3D MR angiography alone, whereas dynamic contrast-enhanced 3D MR angiography was required for classifying the type of the lesion. MR angiography was inferior to conventional angiography for revealing vascular detail and for planning intervention. CONCLUSION: MRI and MR angiography appear to be valuable for the assessment of @entity1462 of the extremities. The protocol for imaging such malformations should combine dynamic contrast-enhanced 3D gradient-echo MRI with STIR sequences. However, digital subtraction angiography and venography are still required for definitive treatment decisions.

title: Comprehensive time-resolved MRI of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular malformations']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['venous vascular malformations']

entities_list: @entity2758 :: ('MESH:D001165', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous malformation', 'arteriovenous malformations']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformation']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['angiodyplastic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['vascular malformations', 'vascular malformation']

answer: @entity1095 :: (MESH:D016491,Disease) :: ['peripheral vascular malformations']


abstract: PURPOSE: A phase II trial investigated the activity and @entity137 of a bolus administration schedule of @entity901 , @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ), and @entity4181 (LV) therapy in @entity1 with untreated advanced @entity14 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Forty-five @entity1 in this multicenter, open, nonrandomized study received @entity901 130 mg/m(2) on the first day of each course and @entity1487 and LV 350 mg/m(2) and 20 mg/m(2), respectively, as a daily bolus for 5 days, every 21 days, for a maximum of six courses. RESULTS: Partial responses occurred in 18 @entity1 , giving an intent-to-treat response rate of 40.0%. Median time to response was 12.7 weeks; median duration of response was 18.4 weeks. Median progression-free survival was 5.9 months; median survival was 14 months. The independent prognostic factors for improved overall survival were good performance status and negative carcino-embryonic antigen blood level. Incidences of adverse effects were reduced after the @entity1487 dose was reduced to 300 mg/m(2). Reversible @entity137 occurred in 44.4% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Bolus administration of @entity901 , @entity1487 , and LV as first-line therapy for untreated advanced @entity14 is efficacious and safe. In addition to a more favorable safety profile, the 300 mg/m(2) dosage offered improved dose-intensity compared with the initial dosage.

title: Bolus @entity1487 and XXXX with @entity901 as first-line treatment in metastatic @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'neurologic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-FU', 'fluorouracil']

answer: @entity4181 :: (MESH:D002955,Chemical) :: ['leucovorin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether small intestine intramucosal @entity33796 ) and mucosal blood flow changes would be different between @entity63 and @entity519 . DESIGN: Randomized animal experiment. SETTING: Research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, and surgically instrumented @entity1707 . INTERVENTIONS: Systemic @entity26 delivery was lowered in a stepwise manner to decrease it beyond critical @entity26 delivery by lowering either FIO(2) or blood volume. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: In @entity519 @entity1707 (n = 6), arterial @entity26 concentration and @entity26 delivery decreases were achieved by progressively reducing arterial PO(2) while cardiac index remained unchanged. In @entity7853 @entity1707 (n = 5), @entity26 delivery reduction was achieved by progressively reducing cardiac index while arterial PO(2) remained unchanged. In control @entity1707 , @entity26 delivery remained unchanged. The lowest @entity26 delivery measured in both @entity519 and @entity63 experiments was 3.60 +/- 0.26 vs. 2.93 +/- 0.77 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1), respectively (p =.23). At the lowest @entity26 delivery level, differences between @entity7853 and @entity519 experiments were observed for arterial @entity880 concentration (468 +/- 308 vs. 1070 +/- 218 mmol/L, respectively; p =.03), mixed venous arterial @entity33796 ) difference (10 +/- 7 vs. 4 +/- 2 torr, respectively; p =.04), and small intestine mucosal blood flow (6.2 +/- 2.1 vs. 15.7 +/- 7.4 perfusion units, respectively; p =.02). Small intestine intramucosal-arterial difference was higher in @entity7853 than in @entity519 (52 +/- 15 vs. 31 +/- 12 torr, respectively; p =.03). CONCLUSION: Small intestine intramucosal @entity33796 ) increases may indicate systemic @entity26 uptake supply limitation in @entity63 and @entity519 related to conditions of mucosal flow stagnation and @entity515 generation.

title: Small intestine intramucosal @entity33796 ) and microvascular blood flow during @entity519 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity7853 :: ('MESH:D020925', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic hypoxia', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity7853 :: (MESH:D020925,Disease) :: ['ischemic hypoxia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4262 ( @entity4262 ) is characterized by the triad of @entity18299 ( @entity18299 ), @entity4903 , and caf  -au-lait skin pigmentation. Ninety percent of @entity4262 @entity1 have @entity82 ( @entity82 ) @entity2122 . @entity2530 of the jaw (ONJ) has been described as an adverse side effect of @entity5520 therapy. The aim of the study was to investigate evidence of clinical and/or radiological signs of ONJ in @entity82 / @entity4262 pediatric @entity1 due to @entity5520 therapy and describe odontoiatric tools in this population. METHODS: Thirteen @entity82 / @entity4262 @entity1 were enrolled. All @entity1 during pediatric age have been treated with @entity5279 infusions. They underwent complete oral clinical examination. Ortopantomography and/or CT were evaluated in all cases. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: No @entity1 developed ONJ. None of them showed radiological signs different from jaw @entity82 . In spite of the low number of @entity1 enrolled, results confirm that, in this population, ONJ can be ruled out as a chronic adverse side effect of @entity5520 therapy.

title: Odontoiatric perspectives and XXXX of the jaw as a possible adverse effect of bisphosphonates therapy in @entity82 and @entity4262 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2122 :: ('MESH:D019465', 'Disease') :: ['craniofacial lesions']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous dysplasia', 'FD']

entities_list: @entity5279 :: ('MESH:C019248', 'Chemical') :: ['pamidronate']

entities_list: @entity18299 :: ('MESH:D001848', 'Disease') :: ['PFD', 'polyostotic bone fibrous dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity4262 :: ('MESH:D005359', 'Disease') :: ['MAS', 'McCune-Albright syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5520 :: ('D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphosphonate']

entities_list: @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['endocrine disorders']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['Osteonecrosis']

answer: @entity2530 :: (MESH:D010020,Disease) :: ['osteonecrosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine the effect of higher @entity1420 (P) level on endometrial receptivity. METHODS: This was a prospective analysis conducted in the Reproductive Medical Center of Peking University Third Hospital. All @entity1 received IVF treatment and canceled embryo transfer in the same cycle and were divided into group 1 (normal P; 7 @entity1 ) and group 2 (elevated P; 12 @entity1 ). Endometrial biopsies were performed 6 days after oocyte retrieval. The global miRNA and mRNA gene expressions in endometrial biopsies were investigated with a V4.0 miRNA probe and 22 K @entity1 Genome Array. Fold ratios were derived to compare gene regulation between the groups. @entity1096 and @entity7741 gene expression was selected to verify the array results by RT-PCR and the protein expression of @entity1096 and @entity7 was determined using an immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: There were 4 miRNA (all down-regulated) and 22 mRNA (13 up-regulated and 9 down-regulated) exhibiting differential expression between the groups on the microRNA and microarray chips. miRNA-451, @entity1096 , and @entity7741 expression in RT-PCR verified the array results. @entity1096 and @entity7 were also shown to have positive expression in the endometrium. CONCLUSIONS: Data from microRNA and microarray analysis suggests dissimilar endometrial receptivity in @entity1 with high P levels on the day of hCG, and elevated @entity1096 and decreased @entity7 had poor pregnancy rates.

title: MicroRNA array and microarray evaluation of endometrial receptivity in XXXX with high serum @entity1420 levels on the day of hCG administration.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity1096 :: ('6696', 'Gene') :: ['Spp1', 'osteopontin', 'Osteopontin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The increase in @entity13554 is the most important parameter for the identification of @entity2395 carriers. However, in routine screening for @entity8453 , some cases are difficult to classify because the level of @entity13554 is not typically elevated. In this work, we report the results of a molecular investigation on a cohort of subjects with borderline @entity13554 . METHODS: All subjects with a @entity2395 carrier partner and a borderline percentage level of @entity13554 were investigated for the presence of a pathological mutation in the b-globin gene. All negative subjects were screened for both the @entity4846 mutation and the presence of aaa/ or aaaa/ alleles. The subjects with reduced MCV and/or @entity27127 were also screened for deletional and nondeletional a-globin gene defects. RESULTS: Various b-globin mutations and @entity4846 gene defects are the most common @entity74 responsible for this phenotype in our population. CONCLUSION: @entity4846 mutations are important in a screening program for @entity8453 . An increase in HbF in association with borderline @entity13554 levels is a useful but not exclusive marker that suggests the investigation of this gene. On the basis of our findings, we are able to suggest the molecular procedure to use in a population characterized by a high prevalence of @entity2395 carriers.

title: The Problem of Borderline Hemoglobin A2 Levels in the Screening for XXXX Carriers in Sardinia.

entities_list: @entity8453 :: ('MESH:D006453', 'Disease') :: ['hemoglobinopathies']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic determinants']

entities_list: @entity2395 :: ('MESH:D013789', 'Disease') :: ['b-thalassemia', 'thalassemia']

answer: @entity2395 :: (MESH:D013789,Disease) :: ['b-Thalassemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Evaluation of the diagnostic value and confidence of contrast-enhanced MR imaging in @entity1 with @entity2633 in comparison to clinical diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 42 consecutive @entity1 with clinically proven chronic @entity2633 and 10 @entity2720 of healthy controls have been examined on a 1.0 T MR-unit. Criteria for inclusion in the prospective study were: persistent @entity158 and a failed conservative therapy. The MR protocol included STIR sequence, a native, T2-weighted, fat-suppressed TSE sequence, and a Flash-2-D sequence. Also, fat-suppressed, T1-weighted SE sequences before and after administration of @entity7241 contrast media have been recorded. RESULTS: In 39/42 @entity1 the STIR sequence showed an increased SI of the common extensor tendon. Increased MR signal of the lateral collateral ligament combined with a thickening and a partial @entity397 or a full thickness tear have been observed in 15/42 cases. A @entity236 at the lateral epicondilus was noticed in 6 of the studied @entity1 and a joint effusion in 18/42 @entity1 . After administration of contrast media we noticed an average increase of SI by about 150%. However, enhanced MR imaging did not provide additional information. CONCLUSION: In MR imaging of @entity102 administration of @entity7241 does not provide additional information.

title: [MRI in XXXX humeri radialis using 1.0 T equipment--contrast medium administration necessary?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7241 :: ('MESH:D019786', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium-DTPA', 'Gd-DTPA']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic epicondylitis']

entities_list: @entity2633 :: ('MESH:D013716', 'Disease') :: ['lateral epicondylitis']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['elbow joints']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow edema']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic epicondylitis']


abstract: The association of @entity22301 ( @entity22301 ) and @entity1582 is extremely rare. This association has been described in only six cases. We present a 4-year-old male admitted with a history of @entity1696 and @entity490 . Investigations revealed multiple calculi in both kidneys. A right pyelolithotomy and left nephrectomy were performed. Histological examination demonstrated @entity22301 and @entity2783 . At discharge serum @entity1011 had dropped to 1.1 mg/dl but after being lost to follow up for 9 years, the @entity1 was readmitted because of @entity4 . Laboratory examination revealed a @entity1985 and serum @entity1011 of 2.3 mg/dl. Rectal biopsy showed the presence of amyloid. A treatment by @entity3812 was unsuccessful. Fifteen months later, at the age of 15 years, the @entity1 developed @entity177 (serum @entity1011 14 mg/dl).

title: @entity1985 and @entity177 by XXXX secondary to @entity22301 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity22301 :: ('MESH:D011705', 'Disease') :: ['xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis', 'XPN']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['systemic amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['terminal renal failure']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity3812 :: ('MESH:D003078', 'Chemical') :: ['colchicine']

answer: @entity2783 :: (MESH:D000686,Disease) :: ['amyloidosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1204 is the most common @entity5 in @entity1 with @entity4309 caused by mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency. We investigated the clinicopathologic significance of @entity5527 presumed by MMR analyses in unselected @entity1204 . METHODS: We analyzed immunohistochemistry of MMR proteins ( @entity6756 / @entity4311 / @entity4638 / @entity14437 ) and @entity6756 promoter methylation in primary @entity1204 from 221 consecutive @entity1 . Based on these results, @entity5 were categorized as sporadic or @entity4309 ( @entity4309 ). Clinicopathologic variables and prognosis were compared according to MMR status and sporadic/ @entity4309 classification. RESULTS: Deficient MMR showed only trends towards favorable overall survival (OS) compared with intact MMR (p=0.13), whereas @entity4309 showed significantly better OS than sporadic (p=0.038). Sporadic was significantly associated with older age, @entity28 , deep @entity3 , and advanced stage (p=0.008, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03), while @entity4309 was significantly associated with early stage and @entity4309 -associated @entity5 (p=0.04 and 0.001). The trend towards favorable OS of @entity4309 was stronger in advanced stage than in early stage (hazard ratio, 0.044 [95% CI 0-25.6] vs. 0.49 [0.063-3.8]). In the subset receiving adjuvant therapies, @entity4309 showed trends towards favorable disease-free survival compared to sporadic by contrast with @entity1 receiving no adjuvant therapies showing no such trend (hazard ratio, 0.045 [95% CI 0-20.3] vs. 0.81 [0.095-7.0]). CONCLUSIONS: The current findings suggest that analyzing MMR status and searching for @entity4309 may identify a subset of @entity1 with favorable survival and high sensitivity to adjuvant therapies, providing novel and useful implications for formulating the precision medicine in @entity1204 .

title: Clinicopathologic implications of DNA mismatch repair status in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma', 'endometrial carcinomas', 'Endometrial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4309 :: ('MESH:D003123', 'Disease') :: ['probable Lynch syndrome', 'Lynch syndrome', 'PLS']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['multiple cancer', 'malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity5527 :: ('MESH:C536928', 'Disease') :: ['deficient MMR and Lynch syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['myometrial invasion']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial carcinomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sexual behaviour surveys are widely used, but under-reporting of particular risk behaviours is common, especially by @entity1 . Surveys in whole populations provide an unusual opportunity to understand the extent and nature of such under-reporting. METHODS: All consenting individuals aged between 15 and 59 within a demographic surveillance site in northern Malawi were interviewed about their @entity458 . Validity of responses was assessed by analysis of probing questions; by comparison of results with in-depth interviews and with @entity1703 ( @entity1704 ) seropositivity; by comparing reports to same sex and opposite sex interviewers; and by quantifying the partnerships within the local community reported by @entity1 and by @entity1 , adjusted for response rates. RESULTS: 6,796 @entity1 and 5,253 @entity1 (83% and 72% of those eligible) consented and took part in @entity458 interviews. Probing questions and HSV-2 antibody tests in those who denied sexual activity identified under-reporting for both @entity1 and @entity1 . Reports varied little by sex or age of the interviewer. The number of marital partnerships reported was comparable for @entity1 and @entity1 , but @entity1 reported about 4 times as many non-marital partnerships. The discrepancy in reporting of non-marital partnerships was most marked for married @entity1 ( @entity1 reported about 7 times as many non-marital partnerships with married @entity1 as were reported by married @entity1 themselves), but was only apparent in younger married @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: We have shown that the under-reporting of non-marital partnerships by @entity1 was strongly age-dependent. The extent of under-reporting of sexual activity by young @entity1 was surprisingly high. The results emphasise the importance of triangulation, including biomarkers, and the advantages of considering a whole population.

title: Assessing the validity of XXXX reports in a whole population survey in rural Malawi.

entities_list: @entity1703 :: ('MESH:D006561', 'Disease') :: ['Herpes simplex type-2']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual behaviour']

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['sexual behaviour']