abstract: After @entity8 /reperfusion (I/R) injury, monocytes home to the kidney and differentiate into activated macrophages. Whereas proinflammatory macrophages contribute to the @entity8 , an alternatively activated phenotype can promote normal renal repair. The microenvironment of the kidney during the repair phase mediates the transition of macrophage activation from a proinflammatory to a reparative phenotype. In this study, we show that macrophages isolated from @entity19 kidneys during the tubular repair phase after I/R exhibit an alternative activation gene profile that differs from the canonical alternative activation induced by @entity58 -stimulated @entity9094 signaling. This unique activation profile can be reproduced in vitro by stimulation of bone marrow-derived macrophages with conditioned media from serum-starved @entity19 proximal tubule cells. Secreted tubular factors were found to activate macrophage @entity10433 and @entity23117 but not @entity9094 , leading to induction of the unique alternative activation pattern. Using @entity10433 -deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages and pharmacologic inhibition of @entity23117 , we found that tubular cell-mediated macrophage alternative activation is regulated by @entity23117 activation. Both in vitro and after renal I/R, tubular cells expressed @entity2304 , a known @entity23117 activator, and this pathway was required for in vitro alternative activation of macrophages by tubular cells. Furthermore, administration of a neutralizing antibody against @entity2304 after renal I/R attenuated kidney macrophage alternative activation and suppressed tubular proliferation. Taken together, these data show that tubular cells can instruct macrophage activation by secreting @entity2304 , leading to a unique macrophage reparative phenotype that supports tubular proliferation after @entity63 .

title: @entity2304 Promotes Macrophage Alternative Activation after XXXX /Reperfusion Injury.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney ischemia', 'initial kidney damage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['sterile ischemic injury']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Renal Ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endovascular intervention using a stent is a mainstream treatment for @entity438 . To assess the effect of intervention strategies on @entity439 hemodynamics, we have developed a fast virtual stenting (FVS) technique to simulate stent deployment in @entity1 -specific @entity439 . However, quantitative validation of the FVS against experimental data has not been fully addressed. In this study, we performed in vitro analysis of a @entity1 -specific model to illustrate the realism and usability of this novel FVS technique. METHODS: We selected a @entity1 -specific @entity439 and reproduced it in a manufactured realistic aneurismal phantom. Three numerical simulation models of the @entity439 with an Enterprise stent were constructed. Three models were constructed to obtain the stented @entity439 : a physical phantom scanned by micro-CT, fast virtual stenting technique and finite element method. The flow in the three models was simulated using a computational fluid dynamics software package, and the hemodynamics parameters for the three models were calculated and analyzed. RESULTS: The computational hemodynamics in the @entity1 -specific @entity439 of the three models resembled the very well. A qualitative comparison revealed high similarity in the wall shear stress, streamline, and velocity plane among the three different methods. Quantitative comparisons revealed that the difference ratios of the hemodynamic parameters were less than 10%, with the difference ratios for area average of wall shear stress in the @entity439 being very low. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the results of the computational hemodynamics indicate that FVS is suitable for evaluation of the hemodynamic factors that affect treatment outcomes.

title: Phantom-based experimental validation of fast virtual deployment of self-expandable stents for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['cerebral aneurysms']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort with concurrent controls. OBJECTIVE: To establish accuracy, reliability, and validity of the Vitronic 3D Body Scanner for the evaluation of torso asymmetry in @entity1 with @entity2112 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Improved appearance is an important expectation of treatment for @entity1 with @entity1635 and their parents. Despite being the "gold standard" for quantifying outcomes, Cobb angles do not explain perception of appearance or quality of life. Surface topography is an attractive noninvasive alternative to radiography but has not been studied in the context of @entity1 -centered outcomes. METHODS: Thirty-six adolescents with @entity2112 undergoing surgical correction had pre- and postoperative radiographs and evaluation of standing posture, torso surface shape, and responses to the Scoliosis Research Society-22 and Spinal Appearance Questionnaire. Twenty-one adolescents without @entity1635 were evaluated for comparison. Scanner accuracy was assessed by scanning an object of known dimensions. Within-session reliability of body shape measures constructed from scan data was assessed. Discriminant validity was assessed by examining pre- to postoperative differences. Concurrent validity was examined through correlations of scan measures with radiographs, optoelectronic measures of posture, and self-report responses to the Scoliosis Research Society-22 and Spinal Appearance Questionnaire. RESULTS: Scan system measurement error was 1.74    1.56 mm. Within-session reliability was excellent for the control (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.83) and @entity1635 (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.94) groups. Medial/lateral torso shift, rotation, and right/left asymmetry differed significantly among the preoperative, postoperative, and control groups (analysis of variance, P < 0.05). Torso asymmetry measures correlated with radiographical measures (r = 0.43-0.51), optoelectronical measures of posture and symmetry (r = 0.33-0.75), and appearance and quality-of-life domains of the Scoliosis Research Society-22 (r = 0.35-0.64) and the Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (r = 0.48-0.67). CONCLUSION: The Vitronic 3D Body Scanner has sufficient accuracy, reliability, and validity to monitor torso asymmetry due to @entity1635 . Scan-based measures differentiate between normal and pathological and between preoperative and postoperative body shape and show good correlation with measures of appearance and quality of life.

title: Accuracy, reliability, and validity of a 3-dimensional scanner for assessing torso shape in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2112 :: ('MESH:C564593', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

answer: @entity2112 :: (MESH:C564593,Disease) :: ['idiopathic scoliosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nystagmus in @entity1 with @entity15 ( @entity15 ) is generally attributed to @entity66 . Lesions in other regions may result in @entity346 . The identification of these other sites is enhanced by using 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (3TMRI) due to increased signal-to-noise ratio. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the distribution of structural lesions and disruption of tracts in @entity1 with @entity346 secondary to @entity15 using 3TMRI. METHODS: Twenty-four @entity1 (20 @entity1 , 4 @entity1 ; age range 26-55  years) with @entity346 secondary to @entity15 underwent 3TMRI brain scans; and 18 @entity1 had diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for tractography. RESULTS: Nystagmus was bidirectional in 11, right-sided in 6 and left-sided in 7. We identified 194 lesions in 20 regions within the neural integrator circuit in 24 @entity1 ; 140 were within the cortex and 54 were within the brainstem. Only two @entity1 had no lesions in the cortex, and 9 had no lesions in the brainstem. There was no relationship between side of lesion and direction of @entity346 . Thirteen of 18 (72  %) had tract disruption with fractional anisotropy (FA) values below 0.2. FA was significantly lower in bidirectional compared to unidirectional @entity346 (p  =  0.006). CONCLUSION: In @entity15 @entity1 with @entity346 , lesions in all cortical eye fields and their descending connections were evident. Technical improvements in tractography may help identify the specific site(s) resulting in @entity346 in @entity15 .

title: @entity346 and XXXX using 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['horizontal nystagmus', 'nystagmus']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['brainstem disease']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Data about the expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors (EGFRs) in @entity2513 remain scarce. RESULTS: 101 @entity1 were enrolled including 53 controls. All @entity652 (n = 38) and @entity14 (n = 5) were @entity470 positive. @entity1127 ( @entity1127 ) (n = 8) and control colons (n = 53) were @entity470 negative in half of cases (p < 0.0001). A well significant gradient of increased @entity470 expression was observed between adjacent mucosa, @entity75 , @entity258 ( @entity258 ) (n = 30), @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) @entity652 (n = 9) and @entity5 (p < 0.0001). @entity470 overexpression was reported in 100% of @entity5 , 77.8% of @entity1893 , and 10% of @entity258 @entity652 . By multivariate analysis in @entity652 , associated factors with @entity470 overexpression were @entity1893 and tubulo-villous feature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All @entity1 undergoing colonoscopy in the university center of Saint-Etienne were eligible to the study from December 2015 to March 2016. In @entity1 with @entity14 (lesions group), biopsies were performed on the lesion before its resection, and on the adjacent and distal colon mucosa. In control group, biopsies were performed in the right and left side colon. The @entity470 expression was assessed by immunohistochemical scores (Goldstein grade, intensity of staining, composite score), using a primary mouse monoclonal antibody ( @entity470 , clone 113, Novocastra). Outcomes were compared using Kruskal-Wallis and/or Mann-Whitney-U tests, appropriately. The associated clinical, endoscopic and histological factors with @entity470 overexpression (composite score >=  6) were assessed for @entity652 by logistic regression. CONCLUSIONS: @entity470 are early involved in @entity14 , and their expression is strongly correlated to the @entity5 stage, leading to validate @entity470 as an interesting surface biomarker of @entity652 .

title: The level of epidermal growth factor receptors expression is correlated with the advancement of XXXX : validation of a surface biomarker.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['HP', 'Hyperplastic polyps']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplastic lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal neoplasia', 'colorectal carcinogenesis', 'CRC']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['HGD', 'high grade dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['LGD', 'low grade dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal adenomas']

answer: @entity2513 :: (MESH:C563365,Disease) :: ['colorectal adenoma']


abstract: The rising incidence of @entity64 , @entity712 ( @entity712 ) and @entity454 ( @entity454 ) has signalled a need to increase awareness, treatment and control of @entity101 . There continues to be a need for effective antihypertensive medications since @entity101 is a major precursor to various forms of @entity65 . The renin-angiotensin (AT) @entity1369 system (RAAS) is a key component to the development of @entity101 and can be one target of drug therapy. Angotensin II (ATII) receptor blockers (ARBs) are the most recent class of agents available to treat @entity101 , which work by by inhibiting ATII at the receptor level. Currently, national consensus guidelines recommend that ARBs should be reserved for @entity101 @entity1 who cannot tolerate @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) inhibitors (ACEIs). ARBs, however, are moving to the forefront of therapy with a promising role in the area of renoprotection and @entity712 . Recent trials such as the The Renoprotective Effect of the @entity7774 -Receptor Antagonist @entity7056 in @entity1 with @entity8 Due to @entity2175 Trial (IDNT), the Effect of @entity7056 on the Development of @entity2316 in @entity1 with @entity2175 (IRMA2), and The Effects of @entity9886 on Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in @entity1 with @entity2175 and @entity8 (RENAAL) study have demonstrated the renoprotective effects of ARBs in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . The Valsartan Heart Failure Trial (Val-HeFT) adds to the growing body of evidence that ARBs may improve morbidity and mortality in @entity712 @entity1 . As a class, ARBs are well tolerated and have a lower incidence of cough and @entity113 compared to ACEIs. This article reviews the differences among the ARBs, existing efficacy data in @entity101 , and explores the role of ARBs in @entity712 and @entity8 .

title: Angiotensin II receptor blockers for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['Type 2 Diabetes']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Nephropathy', 'renal disease']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'CHF']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin converting enzyme', 'ACE']

entities_list: @entity7774 :: ('MESH:D000809', 'Chemical') :: ['Angiotensin']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic Nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity7056 :: ('MESH:C081309', 'Chemical') :: ['Irbesartan']

entities_list: @entity9886 :: ('MESH:D019808', 'Chemical') :: ['Losartan']

entities_list: @entity113 :: ('MESH:D000799', 'Disease') :: ['angioedema']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['ESRD', 'end stage renal disease']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: There is only limited morphologic information on long-term alterations and neurotransmitter changes after perinatal @entity1763 , and no long-term study showing @entity179 has been reported so far. We used an animal model for perinatal @entity1763 well documented in the @entity35 to investigate the @entity840 as a species highly mature at birth. Cesarean section was performed on full-term pregnant @entity840 , and pups, still in membranes, were placed into a water bath at 37 degrees C for @entity1763 periods from 2 to 4 min. Thereafter pups were given to surrogate mothers and examined at 3 mo of age. We studied brain areas reported to be @entity519 -sensitive. @entity179 was evaluated by fluoro-jade, @entity528 by Nissl, reactive @entity5219 by glial fibrillary acidic protein staining, and differentiation by neuroendocrine-specific protein C immunoreactivity. We tested @entity669 hydroxylase, the vesicular @entity1154 transporter, and @entity935 beta-hydroxylase, representing the monoaminergic system; the vesicular @entity934 transporter; and the excitatory @entity535 carrier 1. @entity179 was evident in cerebellum, hippocampal area @entity17210 , and @entity2339 , and @entity528 could be observed in cerebellum and @entity2339 ; @entity5219 was observed in cerebellum, hippocampus, @entity2339 , and parietal cortex; dedifferentiation was found in @entity2339 and striatum; and monoaminergic, cholinergic, and @entity1472 acidergic deficits were shown in several brain regions. The major finding of the present study was that @entity179 and dedifferentiation evolved in the @entity840 , a species highly mature at birth. The relevance of this contribution is that a simple animal model of perinatal @entity1763 resembling the clinical situation of intrauterine @entity519 - @entity63 and presenting with @entity179 was characterized.

title: Neurodegeneration, neuronal loss, and neurotransmitter changes in the adult @entity840 with perinatal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['guinea pigs', 'guinea pig']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamus']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration', 'Neurodegeneration']

entities_list: @entity1154 :: ('CHEBI:25375', 'Chemical') :: ['monoamine']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal loss']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity1763 :: (MESH:D001237,Disease) :: ['asphyxia']


abstract: The control arm of the phase III VIVIANE ( @entity1082 : Vaccine Immunogenicity ANd Efficacy; NCT00294047) study in @entity1 >25 years was studied to assess risk of progression from cervical @entity281 to detectable @entity3146 ( @entity3146 ). The risk of detecting @entity3146 associated with the same HPV type as the reference infection was analysed using Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox models. Infections were categorised depending upon persistence as 6-month @entity281 (6MPI) or infection of any duration. The 4-year interim analysis included 2,838 @entity1 , of whom 1,073 (37.8%) experienced 2,615 infections of any duration and 708 (24.9%) experienced 1,130 6MPIs. Infection with oncogenic HPV types significantly increased the risk of detecting @entity3146 grade 2 or greater (CIN2+) versus non-oncogenic types. For 6MPI, the highest risk was associated with HPV-33 (hazard ratio [HR]: 31.9 [8.3-122.2, p   <   0.0001]). The next highest risk was with @entity1799 (21.1 [6.3-70.0], p   <   0.0001). Similar findings were seen for infections of any duration. Significant risk was also observed for HPV-18, HPV-31, and HPV-45. Concomitant @entity281 or @entity3146 grade 1 or greater associated with a different oncogenic HPV type increased risk. Most @entity1 (79.3%) with an @entity281 at baseline cleared detectable infections of any duration, and 69.9% cleared a 6MPI. The risk of progression of @entity281 to CIN2+ in @entity1 >25 years in this study was similar to that in @entity1 15-25 years in PATRICIA.

title: Progression of @entity281 to detectable cervical lesions or clearance in adult XXXX : Analysis of the control arm of the VIVIANE study.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['persistent infection', 'HPV infection']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['Human PapillomaVIrus']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia', 'CIN']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: In the present study, we have established Dexter-type long-term cultures (D-LTC) from @entity1 umbilical cord blood (UCB) and followed the kinetics of different @entity1583 ( @entity1583 )--including multipotent (colony forming unit [CFU]-Mixture), erythroid (CFU-erythroid, BFU-E), and myeloid (CFU-granulocyte, CFU-macrophage, CFU-granulocyte/marcophage) progenitors as well as of morphologically recognizable erythroid, myeloid and lymphoid cells--during a nine-week culture period. D-LTC were also established from adult bone marrow (BM) as controls. On day 0, both UCB and BM showed similar total numbers of @entity1583 (about 310/10(5) cells), however, UCB showed a higher proportion of primitive @entity1583 (i.e., CFU-Mixture, CFU-granulocyte/macrophage and BFU-E). A poor adherent cell layer, consisting almost exclusively of macrophages, was developed in UCB D-LTC and this correlated with a continuous decline in @entity4306 numbers throughout the culture period. In contrast, adherent cell numbers in BM D-LTC, including fibroblasts and macrophages, were two- to fourfold higher than in UCB cultures, and the numbers of @entity1583 were also significantly higher, reaching plateau levels between weeks 6 and 9. In both types of cultures, erythroid and multipotent progenitors declined relatively fast, reaching undetectable levels after five weeks of culture. Myeloid progenitors, on the other hand, were sustained longer (always at higher levels in BM cultures) and were still detected by week 9. Among myeloid progenitors, a shift towards the predominance of macrophage @entity1583 was observed, both in UCB and BM D-LTC, and this correlated with an increase in the proportion of mature monocytes and macrophages. Taken together, our results indicate that myeloid progenitor cell growth is deficient in UCB D-LTC and suggest that this is due to the impaired development of an adherent cell layer, unable to provide the factors and conditions required for their growth. Interestingly, throughout the culture period the total numbers of multipotent and erythroid progenitors were similar both in UCB and BM cultures regardless of the number and types of adherent cells present; this suggests that the stroma developed in D-LTC is not sufficient for the proliferation of these progenitor cells.

title: Kinetics of hematopoiesis in Dexter-type long-term cultures established from XXXX umbilical cord blood cells.

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['HPCs', 'hematopoietic progenitor cells']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between early anthropometric measurements, device-assisted feeding, and early neurodevelopment in @entity1 with complex @entity299 ( @entity299 ). STUDY DESIGN: Bayley Scales of @entity1 Development II were used to assess cognitive and motor skills in 72 @entity1 with CHD at 6 and 12  months of age. Linear regression models were used to assess the association between mode of feeding and anthropometric measurements with neurodevelopment at 6 and 12  months of age. RESULTS: Of the 72 @entity1 enrolled in the study, 34 (47%) had single-ventricle physiology. The mean @entity146 ( @entity146 ) and @entity1155 at 6  months of age were 92      10 and 81      14, respectively. At 12  months of age, the mean @entity146 and @entity1155 scores were 94      12 and 80      16, respectively. Lower length-for-age z score (P  <  .01) and head circumference-for-age z score (P  <  .05) were independently associated with lower @entity146 at 6  months, and both increased hospital length of stay (P  <  .01) and lower length-for-age z score (P  =  .04) were associated independently with lower @entity146 at 12  months. Device-assisted feeding at 3  months (P  =  .04) and lower length-for-age z score (P  <  .05) were independently associated with lower @entity1155 at 6  months. Both lower weight-for-age z score (P  =  .04) and lower length-for-age z score (P  =  .04) were associated independently with @entity1155 at 12  months. CONCLUSION: Neonates with complex CHD who required device-assisted feeding and those with lower weight and length and head circumference z scores at 3  months were at risk for neurodevelopmental delay at 6 and 12  months of age.

title: The Association among Feeding Mode, Growth, and Developmental Outcomes in @entity1 with XXXX at 6 and 12 Months of Age.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Infant', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Mental Developmental Index', 'MDI']

entities_list: @entity1155 :: ('MESH:D011596', 'Disease') :: ['Psychomotor Developmental Index (PDI) scores', 'PDI']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart diseases', 'CHDs']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['Complex Congenital Heart Disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the safety, efficacy of double-sling procedure (DS) for the surgical management of stress @entity322 (SUI) with concomitant anterior wall prolapse (AVWP) and to identify if less synthetic material implantation will decrease the complication rates without decreasing the high cure rates. METHODS: We reviewed the @entity1 who underwent DS in two institutions from January 2009 to December 2013. In DS, there are two transobturator tapes inserted from two different routes for the surgical management of SUI with concomitant AVWP. POP-Q was used for anatomical evaluation of prolapse. SUI was assessed by cough stress test and ICIQ-SF questionnaire. We accepted that the @entity1 was satisfied if the visual analog scale score was >= 80. The severity of @entity322 was classified by ICIQ-SF. The @entity1 were evaluated at the 3 and 12  months and annually. RESULTS: A total of 74 @entity1 met the requirements for inclusion and had sufficient records for analysis. The mean follow-up period was 35.4  months (range 12-60). Operative time was 33.2      6.2. The objective cure and subjective success rates of SUI were 87.8 and 93.2  %, respectively. The satisfaction from the surgery was also high with 86.5  % rate. The anatomical success in our series was rather high with 96  % rate. Our overall complication rate was 12.2  %. Mesh extrusion rate was 0  %. CONCLUSIONS: Double-sling procedure is feasible, efficient, and safe. Reducing the mesh size did not have a detrimental effect on the outcomes of SUI treatment and simultaneous AVWP repair.

title: Double-sling procedure for the surgical management of stress XXXX with concomitant anterior vaginal wall prolapse.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['urinary incontinence']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of the study was to evaluate the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1b, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, @entity5 @entity39 factor [TNF]-a, IL-1 receptor antagonist [ra] and serum amyloid A (SAA) in endometrial tissue and circulating leukocytes in response to uterine inoculation of 105 colony forming units (CFU) @entity526 in mares. Before inoculation, mares were classified as resistant or susceptible to persistent @entity7288 based on their uterine inflammatory response to infusion of 109 killed spermatozoa and histological assessment of the endometrial quality. Endometrial biopsies were obtained 3, 12, 24 and 72 hours (h) after bacterial inoculation and blood samples were obtained during the 7 day period post bacterial inoculation. Expression levels of cytokines and SAA were determined by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS: Compared to levels in a control biopsy (obtained in the subsequent estrous), resistant mares showed an up-regulation of IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-a at 3 h after @entity526 inoculation, while susceptible mares showed increased gene expression of IL-6 and IL-1ra. Susceptible mares had a significant lower gene expression of TNF-a,IL-6 and increased expression of IL-1ra 3 h after @entity526 inoculation compared to resistant mares. Susceptible mares showed a sustained and prolonged inflammatory response with increased gene expression levels of IL-1b, IL-8, IL-1ra and IL-1b:IL-1ra ratio throughout the entire study period (72 h), whereas levels in resistant mares returned to estrous control levels by 12 hours. Endometrial mRNA transcripts of IL-1b and IL-1ra were significantly higher in mares with heavy uterine bacterial growth compared to mares with no/mild growth.All blood parameters were unaffected by intrauterine @entity526 infusion, except for a lower gene expression of IL-10 at 168 h and an increased expression of IL-1ra at 48 h observed in susceptible mares compared to resistant mares. CONCLUSIONS: The current investigation suggests that endometrial mRNA transcripts of pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to @entity7288 are finely regulated in resistant mares, with initial high expression levels followed by normalization within a short period of time. Susceptible mares had a prolonged expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, supporting the hypothesis that an unbalanced endometrial gene expression of inflammatory cytokines might play an important role in the pathogenesis of persistent @entity7288 .

title: Inflammatory responses to induced @entity7288 in mares resistant or susceptible to persistent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7288 :: ('MESH:D004716', 'Disease') :: ['endometritis']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity7288 :: (MESH:D004716,Disease) :: ['endometritis']


abstract: @entity2349 ( @entity2349 ) or single central incisor is a @entity4500 . It has been reported in @entity10146 ( @entity10146 ) cases with severe @entity154 or as a microform in autosomal dominant @entity10146 (ADHPE). In our review of the literature, we note that @entity2349 may also occur as an isolated finding or in association with other @entity3002 . These anomalies include @entity851 , @entity4614 , @entity4242 , @entity16453 , @entity850 , and congenital nasal pyriform aperture @entity850 . @entity2349 can also be a feature of recognized syndromes or associations or a finding in @entity1 with specific @entity2008 . We performed a molecular study on a cohort of 13 @entity2349 @entity1 who did not have @entity10146 . We studied two genes, @entity4851 and @entity25685 , in which mutations have been reported in @entity1 showing @entity2349 as part of the @entity10146 spectrum. A new missense mutation in @entity4851 ( @entity70282 ), segregating in one @entity2349 family, was identified. Our results suggest that this mutation may be specific for the @entity2349 phenotype since it has not been found in the @entity10146 population or in normal controls. Published 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

title: @entity4851 mutation is associated with solitary median maxillary central incisor: a study of 13 XXXX and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['facial anomalies']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short stature']

entities_list: @entity2349 :: ('MESH:C537342', 'Disease') :: ['SMMCI', 'Solitary median maxillary central incisor']

entities_list: @entity3002 :: ('MESH:D009421', 'Disease') :: ['systemic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity10146 :: ('MESH:D016142', 'Disease') :: ['HPE', 'holoprosencephaly']

entities_list: @entity4614 :: ('MESH:D007018', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity16453 :: ('MESH:D002754', 'Disease') :: ['choanal atresia']

entities_list: @entity4851 :: ('6469', 'Gene') :: ['Sonic Hedgehog (SHH)', 'SHH']

entities_list: @entity4242 :: ('MESH:D008831', 'Disease') :: ['microcephaly']

entities_list: @entity4500 :: ('MESH:D014071', 'Disease') :: ['rare dental anomaly']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['midnasal stenosis', 'stenosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The role of post-mastectomy radiotherapy for pT3N0 @entity0 remains undefined. The purpose of this study was to report institutional outcomes for @entity1 with pT3N0 @entity0 treated with and without post-mastectomy radiotherapy. We collected data from two large @entity5 registries on pT3N0 @entity0 diagnosed between 1985 and 2014. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to analyze freedom from local-regional recurrence (FFLR), relapse free survival, and overall survival. This analysis identified 93 @entity1 with pT3N0 @entity0 . Of these, 53 received post-mastectomy radiotherapy and 40 did not. Median follow-up was 6.2 years and 5.3 years in the non-post-mastectomy radiotherapy and post-mastectomy radiotherapy cohorts, respectively. @entity1 not undergoing post-mastectomy radiotherapy were more likely to be diagnosed in the 1980s and 1990s and were less likely to receive systemic therapies than @entity1 receiving post-mastectomy radiotherapy (p < 0.05). There was a trend toward increased FFLR in the @entity1 receiving post-mastectomy radiotherapy (p = 0.15). FFLR in the post-mastectomy radiotherapy cohort was 98% at both 5 and 10 years. For @entity1 not receiving post-mastectomy radiotherapy, FFLR was 88% at both 5 and 10 years. @entity1 not receiving post-mastectomy radiotherapy in our study had an isolated local-regional failure rate of 12% at 10 years, despite receiving inferior systemic treatment by current standards. Local-regional control after post-mastectomy radiotherapy for pT3N0 @entity0 was excellent. Further research is needed to define post-mastectomy radiotherapy indications for this @entity1 population when receiving chemotherapy and endocrine therapy in line with current guidelines.

title: Post-mastectomy Radiotherapy for pT3N0 XXXX : A Retrospective, Multi-Institution Review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancers']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between esophageal function and the extent of disease in a nonselected group of @entity2631 @entity1 , and to study gastric and small bowel motility in a group of @entity2631 @entity1 with more severe clinical manifestations. METHODS: Esophageal function in 125 @entity2631 @entity1 was investigated by radiologic, endoscopic, manometric, and pH-metric techniques. Ten @entity1 also underwent gastrointestinal (GI) manometric recording, both during fasting and after a standard meal. RESULTS: Radiologic abnormalities of the esophagus were found in 55 of 81 @entity1 (68%) and @entity2910 in 45 of 125 (36%). No significant relationship was disclosed between GI symptoms, @entity854 , @entity2910 grade, and the various disease subsets. However, the overall incidence of endoscopic @entity2910 (irrespective of the degree) was significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with the @entity1 subgroups, with 100% incidence of @entity2910 in those having the more severe cutaneous involvement (type III). @entity854 were documented in 80% of @entity1 , and pathologic reflux in 78%. The severity of @entity1208 on manometry significantly correlated with the severity of the disease, whereas no correlations were found with pH-metric data. Ninety percent of the 10 female @entity1 undergoing antroduodenal manometry displayed abnormal findings; of these, 60% showed neuropathic, and 30% myopathic, patterns. The latter were recorded in @entity1 with a more severe stage of the disease (type III). CONCLUSION: A direct relationship was observed between @entity2631 subsets and the severity of esophageal (and, probably, more distal gut) motor involvement. Since no correlation was found between esophageal symptoms and the severity of @entity854 , manometry should be considered the single most important GI test to document the severity of the "esophageal" disease. Gastric and small bowel manometry may also offer evidence of widespread gut involvement, and provide a rationale for a more targeted therapeutic approach.

title: XXXX in @entity2631 : relationship with disease subsets.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['manometric abnormalities', 'Manometric abnormalities', 'radiologic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1208 :: ('MESH:D004935', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal abnormalities']

answer: @entity1208 :: (MESH:D004935,Disease) :: ['Esophageal dysfunction']


abstract: T cell activation is controlled by the coordination of stimulatory and negative regulatory signals which are not completely defined. In this study we tested for a possible direct effect of @entity5750 on the regulation of T cell activation and function. We show that soluble @entity5750 (sCD14) induces inhibition of antigen-mediated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) proliferation and anti-CD3-mediated proliferation of @entity404 + @entity405 +, @entity404 + @entity405 + and @entity404 + @entity405 + Tcell clones. This effect is not due to cell death, but results from a marked inhibition of @entity1199 production. @entity1619 cell clones due to exogenous @entity1199 is not affected by sCD14. We also found that sCD14 inhibits production of another @entity1198 -like cytokine, @entity379 and a Th2-like cytokine, @entity3646 . Importantly, sCD14 induces a progressive accumulation of the inhibitory protein @entity4284 . We show that sCD14 binds to activated T cells. Following cell activation, biotinylated sCD14 stains CD3+ PBMC, as well as @entity1 T cell clones with varying intensity. The binding is saturable, can be inhibited by excess of unlabeled sCD14 and, following binding, sCD14 is internalized. Collectively, these findings reveal a previously unrecognized function of sCD14, namely its capacity to negatively regulate T lymphocyte activation and function by interacting directly with activated T cells.

title: Soluble @entity5750 acts as a negative regulator of XXXX T cell activation and function.

entities_list: @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['Proliferation of T']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: AIMS: We studied the relationship of @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) measured at 15 specified body sites with @entity1243 before and after a weight loss program for three weeks. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In 70 @entity28 @entity1 , @entity1386 were measured by means of the optical device, lipometer. Fat mass (FM) was estimated by means of bioelectrical impedance. RESULTS: At the beginning of the study, all estimates of @entity1386 , insulin, and @entity1386 from the upper body (from 1-neck to 6-lateral chest) were correlated to @entity1243 at a P-value of<0.0001. Percentage FM together with @entity615 and insulin explained 75% of the variation in @entity1243 (P<0.0001). After three weeks, estimates of @entity1386 and @entity1243 were reduced (all P<0.0001). Most @entity1386 were reduced, but @entity1386 8-lower abdomen and 9-lower back were significantly increased. Changes in @entity1243 were best explained by initial @entity1243 , but percentage change (Delta) in insulin, Delta SAT-layer 1-neck, and Delta SAT-layer 3-biceps contributed to the Delta @entity1243 (adj. r(2)=0.47, P<0.0001). In the weight-reduced state, circulating @entity1243 was best explained by three @entity1386 and insulin (adj. r(2)=0.67, P<0.0001). DISCUSSION: The results suggest that Delta changes in @entity1243 are attributable to changes in the endocrine state and subcutaneous fat, and @entity1386 may serve as a stable correlate of @entity1243 in the weight-reduced state.

title: Subcutaneous adipose tissue layers as a stable correlate of @entity1243 in response to short term energy restriction in @entity28 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['SAT-layer 4-upper back']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['SAT-layers', 'subcutaneous adipose tissue layers', 'adiposity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['girls']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of @entity619 0.7mg intravitreal implant in @entity1 with @entity1103 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen @entity1 ' charts with @entity1103 were retrospectively reviewed. The main outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and mean @entity989 ( @entity989 ). RESULTS: @entity1 ' mean age was 72.1  years old. Five @entity1 were @entity6 . All @entity1 had previously been treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drops. Four @entity1 had received a previous treatment with intravitreal ranibizumab. The mean follow-up period was 8.7  months. Mean BCVA before intravitreal @entity619 was 0.72  logMAR. After injection, it improved to 0.50  at month 1, was 0.47  at month 3, and 0.60  logMAR at month 12. The pre-injection mean @entity989 was 598 m. It improved to 286 m at month 1, 338 m at month 3, and was 441 m at month 12. Eight @entity1 received 2  intravitreal injections of @entity619 . Five @entity1 presented with elevated intraocular pressure during follow-up, which was treated with drops. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal @entity619 injection improved visual acuity and macular thickness at month 1  and month 3  in @entity1 with @entity1103 . A second injection was necessary after a mean period of 5  months.

title: [Treatment of XXXX ( @entity1103 ) with @entity619 0.7mg intravitreal implant].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative cystoid macular edema']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['CRT', 'central retinal thickness']

answer: @entity1103 :: (MESH:D008269,Disease) :: ['postoperative cystoid macular edema']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between @entity2905 and survival in @entity1 with @entity5 treated with primary chemoradiation. METHODS: A single institution, retrospective analysis of @entity1 with stage @entity3847 -IVA @entity5 who received upfront chemoradiation from 1998 to 2013 was performed. Complete blood counts from pre-treatment to 36months post-treatment were analyzed. @entity2905 and known prognostic factors were evaluated for an association with progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Seventy-one @entity1 met study criteria for whom 47 (66%) had a documented @entity348 ( @entity348 ) two months after initiating chemoradiation. FIGO stage distribution was 6% Stage I, 46% Stage II, 45% Stage III and 3% Stage IV. Pre-treatment @entity348 was abnormal (<1000 cells/mm(3)) in 15% of @entity1 . The mean reduction in @entity348 was 70% two months after initiating chemoradiation. Severe post-treatment @entity2905 ( @entity348 <500cells/mm(3)) was observed in 53% of @entity1 ; they experienced inferior median OS (21.2 vs 45.0months, P=0.03) and similar 25th percentile PFS (6.3 vs 7.7months, P=0.06) compared to @entity1 without severe @entity2905 . Multivariate analysis demonstrated pre-treatment @entity348 >= 1000cells/mm(3) and post-treatment @entity348 >500cells/mm(3) had a 77% (HR: 0.23; 95%CI 0.05-1.03; P=0.053) and 58% decrease in hazards of @entity204 (HR: 0.42; 95%CI 0.12-1.46; P=0.17) respectively. CONCLUSION: More than half of @entity5 @entity1 treated with chemoradiation experienced severe and prolonged @entity2905 . Although statistical significance was not reached, the findings suggest that pre- and post-treatment @entity2905 may be associated with decreased survival. Further research is warranted, given that @entity2905 could be a reversible prognostic factor.

title: @entity2905 and its association with survival in XXXX with locally advanced @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2905 :: ('MESH:D008231', 'Disease') :: ['Lymphopenia', 'lymphopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['total lymphocyte count', 'TLC']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of acupuncture combined physical training and relearning on @entity64 @entity1 . METHODS: A multi-center, randomized controlled trial design was adopted. A total of 364 @entity64 @entity1 were recruited and randomly assigned to the experimental group (184 cases) and the control group (180 cases). @entity1 in the experimental group received acupuncture combined with physical training and relearning, while those in the control group only received physical training and relearning. All received four weeks of treatment. Effects on Fugl-Meyer motor function, @entity16 , activities of daily living difference were compared before treatment, after treatment, 2 and 5 months after follow-ups between the two groups. RESULTS: Totally 353 @entity1 completed this trial, 179 in the experimental group and 174 in the control group. (1) compared with before treatment, brief Fugl-Meyer motor functions scores and @entity15467 scored obviously increased, and scores for @entity16 obviously decreased in the two group. Besides, the increment of brief Fugl-Meyer motor functions scores and @entity15467 scores was obviously higher in the experimental group than in the control group at month 2 and 5 of follow-ups; scores for @entity16 was obviously lower in the experimental group than in the control group. The increment of @entity15467 scores was obviously higher in the experimental group than in the control group at month 5 of follow-ups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). (2) There was statistical difference in inter-group comparison of total Fugl-Meyer motor functions scores and @entity15467 scores, or scores for @entity16 (P < 0.01). The improvement of Fugl-Meyer motor functions grading and @entity16 grading was obviously superior in the experimental group at month 2 and 5 of follow-ups. The distribution of @entity15467 grading was also better in the experimental group at month 5 of follow-ups (P < 0.05, P < 0. 01). CONCLUSIONS: Both acupuncture combined exercise training and relearning and physical training and relearning could effectively promote the rehabilitation of @entity64 @entity1 , reduce their @entity16 degrees, improve motor functions and independent capacities. Better long-term efficacy could be obtained by acupuncture combined exercise training and relearning.

title: [Effect of Acupuncture Combined Physical Training and Relearning on XXXX Rehabilitation: a Multi-center Randomized Controlled Clinical Study].

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological impairment']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Adaptation of the Clavien-Dindo classification for assessing the severity of complications following the endoscopic treatment of @entity1790 and evaluation of its versatility and objectivity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1027 @entity1 who presented stones located in upper urinary tract (597 males, 58.1% and 430 females, 41.9%), mean age 38.9  15.6 (range, 4 to 84) years. The age ranged from 4 to 15 years in 46 (4.5%) of the @entity1 . The mean size of the stones was 30.3  0.6 (range, 3 to 150) mm. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) and ureteroscopy (URS) were performed by three experienced surgeons, PNL with the @entity1 in the prone position. Fragmentation of stones was carried out using a pneumatic lithotripter. The outcomes were compared using Fisher's exact test and Student's t-test. The Clavien-Dindo grading system was used. RESULTS: We observed 195 (19.0%) @entity1 who presented a total of 250 complications during the postoperative period. Additional interventions have been performed to eliminate 74 complications: 41 under general anesthesia and 33 without it. "Stone free status" was reached in 879 (85.6%) @entity1 . @entity260 were assessed using Clavien grading system: Grade I for 64 complications (6.2%); Grade II for 111 (10.8%); Grade IIIa for 33 (3.2%); Grade IIIb for 39 (3.8%); Grade IVa for 3 (0.3%); Grade IVb for 0; and Grade V for 0. CONCLUSION: There is no ideal classification system for assessing the severity of surgical complications. The Clavien-Dindo classification can be adapted to assess the severity of @entity260 following endoscopic procedures for @entity1790 if certain corrections are made.

title: Applicability of the Clavien-Dindo grading system for assessing the @entity260 of endoscopic surgery for XXXX : a critical review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1790 :: ('MESH:D053040', 'Disease') :: ['nephrolithiasis']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications', 'postoperative complications']

answer: @entity1790 :: (MESH:D053040,Disease) :: ['nephrolithiasis']


abstract: Excess dietary salt intake is an established cause of @entity101 . At present, our understanding of the neuropathophysiology of salt-sensitive @entity101 is limited by a lack of identification of the central nervous system mechanisms that modulate sympathetic outflow and blood pressure in response to dietary salt intake. We hypothesized that impairment of brain Gai2-protein-gated signal transduction pathways would result in increased sympathetically mediated renal @entity1372 retention, thus promoting the development of salt-sensitive @entity101 . To test this hypothesis, naive or renal denervated Dahl salt-resistant and @entity1702 ( @entity1702 ) @entity35 were assigned to receive a continuous intracerebroventricular control scrambled or a targeted Gai2-oligodeoxynucleotide infusion, and naive Brown Norway and 8-congenic @entity1702 @entity35 were fed a 21-day normal or high-salt diet. High salt intake did not alter blood pressure, suppressed plasma @entity1063 , and evoked a site-specific increase in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus Gai2-protein levels in naive Brown Norway, Dahl salt-resistant, and scrambled oligodeoxynucleotide-infused Dahl salt-resistant but not @entity1702 @entity35 . In Dahl salt-resistant @entity35 , Gai2 downregulation evoked rapid renal nerve-dependent @entity101 , @entity1372 retention, and sympathoexcitation. In @entity1702 @entity35 , Gai2 downregulation exacerbated salt-sensitive @entity101 via a renal nerve-dependent mechanism. Congenic-8 @entity1702 @entity35 exhibited @entity1372 -evoked paraventricular nucleus-specific Gai2-protein upregulation and attenuated @entity101 , @entity1372 retention, and global sympathoexcitation compared with @entity1702 @entity35 . These data demonstrate that paraventricular nucleus Gai2-protein-gated pathways represent a conserved central molecular pathway mediating sympathoinhibitory renal nerve-dependent responses evoked to maintain @entity1372 homeostasis and a salt-resistant phenotype. Impairment of this mechanism contributes to the development of salt-sensitive @entity101 .

title: Gai2-protein-mediated signal transduction: central nervous system molecular mechanism countering the development of @entity1372 -dependent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1702 :: ('MESH:D013651', 'Disease') :: ['DSS', 'Dahl salt-sensitive']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There are varying, often conflicting, reports with respect to altered striatal volume and morphometry in the major @entity914 due to the influences of antipsychotic medications on striatal volume. Thus, disassociating disease effects from those of medication become exceedingly difficult. For the first time, using a longitudinally studied sample of structural magnetic resonance images from @entity1 with @entity19096 ( @entity19096 ; neurobiologically contiguous with the adult onset form of @entity161 ), their nonpsychotic siblings (COSSIBs), and novel shape mapping algorithms that are volume independent, we report the familial contribution of striatal morphology in @entity161 . The results of our volumetric analyses demonstrate age-related increases in overall striatal volumes specific only to @entity19096 . However, both @entity19096 and COSSIBs showed overlapping shape differences in the striatal head, which normalized in COSSIBs by late adolescence. These results mirror previous studies from our group, demonstrating @entity71 in @entity19096 and COSSIBs as these deficits normalize in COSSIBs in the same age range as our striatal findings. Finally, there is a single region of nonoverlapping outward displacement in the dorsal aspect of the caudate body, potentially indicative of a response to medication. Striatal shape may be considered complimentary to volume as an endophenotype, and, in some cases may provide information that is not detectable using standard volumetric techniques. Our striatal shape findings demonstrate the striking localization of abnormalities in striatal the head. The neuroanatomical localization of these findings suggest the presence of @entity854 in @entity161 and resilience mechanisms in COSSIBs with age dependent normalization. Hum Brain Mapp, 2014.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: XXXX as novel neurodevelopmental endophenotypes in @entity161 : A longitudinal study.

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['cortical thickness deficits']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychoses']

entities_list: @entity19096 :: ('MESH:D012561', 'Disease') :: ['COS', 'childhood onset schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities in the striatal-prefrontal circuits']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity854 :: (MESH:D018376,Disease) :: ['Striatal shape abnormalities']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity301 ( @entity301 ) mortality continued to decline from 1985 to 1997. METHODS AND RESULTS: We tabulated @entity301 deaths ( @entity1479 -9 codes 410 through 414) in the Minneapolis/St Paul, Minnesota, area. For 1985, 1990, and 1995, trained nurses abstracted the hospital records of @entity1 30 to 74 years old with a discharge diagnosis of acute @entity301 ( @entity1479 -9 codes 410 or 411). @entity583 ( @entity583 ) events were validated and followed for 3-year all-cause mortality. Between 1985 and 1997, age-adjusted @entity301 mortality rates in Minneapolis/St Paul fell 47% and 51% in @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively; the comparable declines in @entity10479 whites were 34% and 29%. In-hospital mortality declined faster than out-of-hospital mortality. The rate of @entity583 ( @entity1479 -9 code 410) hospital discharges declined almost 20% between 1985 and 1995, whereas the discharge rate for unstable @entity951 ( @entity1479 -9 code 411) increased substantially. The incidence of hospitalized definite @entity583 declined approximately 10%, whereas recurrence rates fell 20% to 30%. Three-year case fatality rates after hospitalized @entity583 decreased consistently by 31% and 41% in @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively. In-hospital administration of thrombolytic therapy, emergency angioplasty, ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, heparin, and @entity117 increased greatly. CONCLUSIONS: Declining out-of-hospital death rates, declining incidence and recurrence of @entity583 in the population, and marked improvements in the survival of @entity583 @entity1 all contributed to the 1985 to 1997 decline of @entity301 mortality in the Minneapolis/St Paul metropolitan area. The effects of early and late medical care seem to have had the greatest contribution to rates during this time period.

title: Trends in acute XXXX mortality, morbidity, and medical care from 1985 through 1997: the Minnesota heart survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'Coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['Acute myocardial infarction', 'AMI']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary heart disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1636 ( @entity1636 ) is a rare @entity5 in @entity1 with important distinctions from the @entity66 . We reviewed the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) to determine factors associated with long-term survival. METHODS: The NCDB was queried for @entity1 less than 18years of age who were diagnosed with @entity1636 between 1998 and 2011. Kaplan-Meier analysis was utilized to determine factors significantly associated with overall survival. RESULTS: A total of 111 @entity1 were included (median age: 4years, 69% female). @entity1636 was more common in the youngest cohort, with 48% of cases occurring in @entity1 younger than the age of 3. Median @entity5 size was 9.5cm (IQR: 6.5-13.0), and 87% of @entity1 underwent some form of surgical resection. Among @entity1 with available data, 19 of 62 presented with @entity3 . Overall 1- and 3-year survival was 70% and 64%, respectively. Age, @entity5 size, extension of @entity5 into surrounding tissue, and @entity3 were all found to be significantly associated with survival. Among @entity1 who underwent a surgical procedure, margin status was also found to be significantly associated with survival. CONCLUSION: Age, @entity5 size, extension of @entity5 , @entity3 , and margin status are significantly associated with long-term survival in @entity1 with @entity1636 .

title: Factors associated with survival in pediatric XXXX : An analysis of the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['adult disease']

entities_list: @entity1636 :: ('MESH:D018268', 'Disease') :: ['Adrenocortical carcinoma', 'ACC', 'adrenocortical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'metastatic disease']

answer: @entity1636 :: (MESH:D018268,Disease) :: ['adrenocortical carcinoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to collect data in France in @entity1 with @entity6950 -induced @entity882 who required parenteral anticoagulation and for whom other non- @entity6950 anticoagulant therapies were contraindicated including @entity1 with @entity177 , cross-reactivity to danaparoid or at high hemorrhagic risk. METHODS: A total of 20 @entity1 , of mean age 72        10  years, were enrolled in this open-label, multicenter clinical study. Exploratory statistical data analysis was performed with descriptive interpretation of intra-individual comparisons using simple univariate statistics. RESULTS: The diagnosis of HIT was confirmed in 16 subjects by an independent scientific committee. Fourteen @entity1 (70  %) were in an intensive care unit during the course of the study. @entity1 were treated with @entity20806 for a mean duration of 8.5        6.1  days. The mean starting dose of @entity20806 was 0.77        0.45   g/kg/min. Platelet recovery was rapid. aPTT and anti-IIa activity assays were used to monitor the dose of @entity20806 . The mean baseline aPTT value was 45.0        9.8  sec and increased to 78.2        35.8  sec two hours after initiating @entity20806 . At this time mean @entity20806 concentration was 0.34        0.16 and 0.61        0.28   g/ml using ECT and TT measurements, respectively. New and/or extended @entity715 were reported in 25  % of @entity1 and major bleedings were documented in 15  %. Six @entity1 died due to their underlying medical condition. CONCLUSION: Considering its hepatic elimination and its short half-life, @entity20806 can be considered as a safe therapeutic option in HIT @entity1 at high hemorrhagic risk and with @entity177 , particularly in an ICU setting.

title: XXXX in the management of @entity6950 -induced @entity882 : a multicenter clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity20806 :: ('MESH:C031942', 'Chemical') :: ['argatroban']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses']

answer: @entity20806 :: (MESH:C031942,Chemical) :: ['Argatroban']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6715 ( @entity6715 ) and @entity137 ( @entity137 ) are @entity272 with @entity4530 formation accompanied by @entity33 . These conditions are considered to be life-threatening illnesses. Understanding the clinical presentation, risk factors, treatment options and results will be advantageous for physicians in the management of @entity1 in the future. The aim of the present study was to review and analyze the clinical manifestations, drug implications, treatment and outcome of @entity1 with @entity6715 and/or @entity137 who had been hospitalized in a tertiary care center. All hospitalized @entity1 with @entity6715 and/or @entity137 during a 5-year period were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical severity was graded according to the score of @entity137 (SCORTEN) scale. Clinical symptoms, diagnosis, possible precipitating factors, management and outcome data were collected for analysis. A total of 43 @entity1 (mean age, 49.5 years) were hospitalized and classified into the @entity6715 group (55.8%), @entity6715 / @entity137 overlap group (20.9%) and @entity137 group (23.3%). The majority of the @entity1 (90.7%) had @entity203 associated with oral drug administration. @entity208 , anticonvulsants and antibiotics were the most common causative agents for the @entity203 . Twenty-eight @entity1 (65.1%) were treated with @entity288 . The mortality rate was 6.9%. Comparison between the survival group and the non-survival group revealed that @entity1 age >70 years (P=0.014) and body surface area involvement >20% (P<0.01) were the significant factors associated with mortality. The use of systemic @entity230 was higher in the survival group in comparison with the non-survival group (65.1 vs. 0%, respectively; P=0.014). The @entity203 in @entity6715 and @entity137 are mostly caused by medication. With early recognition and treatment, the mortality rate in this study was lower than that in previous reports. @entity1 age and the area of mucocutaneous involvement were significant factors associated with mortality.

title: Clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of @entity6715 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['TEN', 'toxic epidermal necrolysis']

entities_list: @entity6715 :: ('MESH:D013262', 'Disease') :: ['SJS', 'Stevens-Johnson syndrome']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal involvement']

entities_list: @entity203 :: ('MESH:D003875', 'Disease') :: ['mucocutaneous eruptions', 'mucocutaneous eruption']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['erythematous skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity208 :: ('MESH:D000493', 'Chemical') :: ['Allopurinol']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxic epidermal necrolysis']


abstract: Interleukin-1beta ( @entity1356 ) is a central component in innate immunity and the inflammatory response of mammals. Only recently, the first non- @entity1 @entity1356 sequences were published. In this study, we describe a second @entity1356 sequence (IL-1beta2) in @entity7136 with 74% @entity535 identity to the @entity7136 IL-1beta1 sequence. The existence of two @entity1356 copies in the @entity7136 genome probably originates from the tetraploid nature of the species. In contrast to the first @entity7136 @entity1356 sequence, IL-1beta2 is represented by multiple genes with 95-99% identity. Detection of several IL-1beta2 sequences within individual homozygous fish suggests the presence of multiple copies of the IL-1beta2 gene in the @entity7136 genome, possibly as a result of subsequent gene duplication of IL-1beta2. In vivo, constitutive mRNA expression of both @entity1356 genes was found in healthy @entity7136 . IL-1beta2 mRNA expression could be up-regulated in head kidney cells similar to @entity7136 IL-1beta1, in vivo by infection with Trypanoplasma borreli and in vitro by stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). @entity701 , the major glucocorticoid in fish, is an endocrine-derived fator mediating @entity1356 expression. Although constitutive @entity1356 expression was inhibited by a physiological dose of @entity701 , @entity701 synergistically enhanced LPS-induced @entity1356 expression in @entity7136 . Involvement of the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB in expression of IL-1beta1 and IL-1beta2 was demonstrated. Ratio of @entity1356 expression was determined and this showed IL-1beta1 mRNA expression to be at least tenfold higher compared with IL-1beta2. The possibilities of IL-1beta2 being a functional gene or approaching pseudogene status are discussed.

title: Differential expression and haplotypic variation of two interleukin-1beta genes in the @entity7136 ( XXXX L.).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol', 'cortisol']

answer: @entity7136 :: (7962,Species) :: ['Cyprinus carpio']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1861 negative @entity5 ( @entity5 ) include @entity4406 ( @entity4406 ), @entity4407 ( @entity4407 ) and @entity4018 ( @entity4018 ). the @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation has been introduced since 2008 as a major diagnostic criterion on the one hand and on the other hand, it would be linked to increased risk of @entity715 . AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the association of @entity4016 mutation and @entity715 events in @entity5 . METHODS: A retrospective study concerning 45 @entity1861 negative @entity5 @entity1 (mean age=53 old years, sex ratio=0.8) was conducted. RESULTS: They were classified as @entity4406 (22 @entity1 ), @entity4407 (17 @entity1 ), @entity4018 (3 @entity1 ) and atypical @entity5 (3 @entity1 ). The @entity4016 mutation was found in 64.4% of @entity1 : 72.7% of @entity4406 @entity1 , 47% of @entity4407 @entity1 and 66.7% of @entity4018 @entity1 . @entity715 events were recorded in 11 @entity1 (24.4%). Cerebral arteries and portal vein were the most frequent localizations. The @entity4016 mutation was an independent risk factor of @entity715 events. CONCLUSION: Consequently, it seems that screening for @entity4016 mutation in @entity1861 negative @entity5 could play a role in identifying @entity1 at high risk of @entity455 .

title: The XXXX mutation in @entity5 : A predictive factor of @entity715 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['myeloproliferative neoplasms', 'MPN']

entities_list: @entity4018 :: ('MESH:D055728', 'Disease') :: ['PMF', 'primitive myelofibrosis']

entities_list: @entity4406 :: ('MESH:D011087', 'Disease') :: ['PV', 'polycythemia Vera']

entities_list: @entity4407 :: ('MESH:D013920', 'Disease') :: ['ET', 'essential thrombocythemia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic complications', 'Thrombotic', 'thrombotic']

answer: @entity4016 :: (3717,Gene) :: ['JAK2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: During the last years, there has been a growing interest in self-compassion. Empirical evidences show that self-compassion is associated with @entity458 among young adults and it might be considered a buffer factor in several @entity146 . AIMS: The aim of this study was to validate the psychometric properties of the Self-compassion Scale ( @entity4886 : Neff, 2003a) after the initial lack of replicating the original six-factor structure. METHOD: Data were collected from the overall database of a research centre (56 @entity1 and 305 @entity1 ; mean age   =   25.19) and comprised four groups: @entity4225 , @entity148 , @entity1277 and general population. RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analysis supported a two-factor model (self-compassionate attitude versus self-critical attitude) with good internal consistencies, construct-related validity and external validity. Configural, weak measurement and structural invariance of the two-factor model of @entity4886 were also shown. CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the generalizability of the two-factor model and show that both properties and interpretations of scores on self-compassion are equivalent across these population groups. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd. KEY PRACTITIONER MESSAGE: A two-factor structure of @entity4886 with strong psychometric validity was supported in clinical and non-clinical samples. Helping individuals with limited experiences of compassion to develop positive internal processing systems seems to be related with better mental health, self-acceptance and self-nurturing abilities. The non-probabilistic sampling limits the generalization of our conclusions.

title: Validation of the Psychometric Properties of the Self-Compassion Scale. Testing the Factorial Validity and Factorial Invariance of the Measure among Borderline Personality Disorder, XXXX , @entity1277 and General Populations.

entities_list: @entity4225 :: ('MESH:D001883', 'Disease') :: ['borderline personality disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological benefits']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorder']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating disorder']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['Anxiety Disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity99 -reperfusion (I/R) is accompanied by liver @entity1017 and @entity843 formation. This could be caused by an increase in sinusoidal pressure, a determinant of hepatic transvascular fluid movement. We determined the role of sinusoidal pressure, assessed by triple vascular occlusion pressure (P(to)), in the I/R injury in isolated @entity35 livers perfused with leukocyte-free diluted blood bivascularly via the portal vein and hepatic artery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity63 was induced at room temperature by occlusion of either the inflow lines of the hepatic artery and portal vein (the open outflow group, n = 10) or both the inflow and the outflow (hepatic venous) lines (the closed outflow group, n = 10) for 1 h, followed by 1-h reperfusion in a recirculating manner. RESULTS: Liver weight in both groups increased biphasically after reperfusion; the initial peak occurred at 3 min and the second peak at 60 min. Immediately after reperfusion, P(to) peaked, followed by a gradual decline. The initial weight increase in groups combined was significantly and positively correlated with an increase in P(to) (r = 0.716, P = 0.0002), but the second peak was independent of P(to). @entity99 , assessed by perfusate levels of hepatic enzymes and reduced bile flow rate, was observed at 60 min after reperfusion in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that increased sinusoidal pressure contributes to only the early liver @entity1017 after reperfusion in isolated perfused @entity35 livers. The late @entity1017 may be presumably due to @entity99 .

title: Increased sinusoidal pressure is associated with early liver @entity1017 in XXXX -reperfusion injury in isolated perfused @entity35 liver.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatic ischemia', 'Liver injury', 'liver injury']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Apoptosis and autophagy are two patterns of programmed cell death which play important roles in the @entity1797 . Oxidative stress is an important factor for the induction of programmed cell death. However, the cellular reactions linking autophagy to apoptosis of disc cells under oxidative stress have never been described. This study investigated the responses of autophagy and apoptosis and their interactions in the nucleus pulposus cells (NP cells) under oxidative stress, with the aim to better understand the mechanism of @entity1797 . METHODS: NP cells isolated from @entity35 lumbar discs were subjected to different concentrations of @entity274 for various time periods. Cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay, and their apoptosis and autophagy responses were evaluated by fluorescent analysis, flow cytometry and western blotting, et al. The interactions of autophagy and apoptosis and the possible signaling pathways were also investigated by using autophagy modulators. RESULTS: @entity274 increased the lysosomal membrane permeability in the NP cells and induced apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway subsequently. Meanwhile, @entity274 stimulated an early autophagy response through the @entity2509 /m-TOR signaling pathway. Autophagy inhibition significantly decreased the apoptosis incidence in the cells insulted by @entity274 . CONCLUSION: These results suggested that controlling the autophagy response in the NP cells under oxidative stress should be beneficial for the survival of the cells and probably delay the process of @entity1797 .    2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: The responses of autophagy and apoptosis to oxidative stress in nucleus pulposus cells: implications for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1797 :: ('MESH:D055959', 'Disease') :: ['intervertebral disc degeneration', 'disc degeneration']

answer: @entity1797 :: (MESH:D055959,Disease) :: ['disc degeneration']


abstract: @entity161 is a common disorder, affecting approximately 1 out of every 100 @entity1 , with a typical onset during adolescence and early adulthood. The personal and societal costs of @entity161 are extremely high. Prevention of @entity161 , would offer substantial benefits to @entity1 , their family members, and the community at large. The prodromal phase of @entity161 has been recognized since the 19th century. At-risk individuals for @entity716 and @entity161 are the subjects who can provide information for intervention prior to development of @entity716 . This approach is currently being investigated. The question remains, however, whether it can be a diagnostic category by itself. The proposal for including the @entity751 is one of the recommendations by the working group on @entity161 and @entity914 for the forthcoming DSM-V. There are differing views in academia regarding this proposal. Prior to becoming fully @entity716 , a consistent literature demonstrates that @entity1 generally had suffered from accelerating attenuated symptoms and distress. It is important that the prodromal phase be accurately recognized in order to accomplish the goal of prevention. We can then purposefully engage in early intervention aiming toward prevention. A recent strong resurgent interest in this area stems largely from two developments: First, the identification of the neurobiological deficit processes associated with the severity and chronicity of @entity161 , and second, the development of reliable criteria for diagnosis. Although the general at-risk construct appears to offer great potential to advance both the treatment and research dealing with @entity716 , it seems premature to many researchers to include the syndrome as an established entity in the text of the new DSM-V. It would be far more appropriate to include this proposed syndrome in the appendix and evaluate the many contemporary issues in future studies. The main issues involved in this discussion are the clinical validity of the syndrome, concern about stigma and unnecessary treatment, and need for responding to @entity1 ' distress in addition to the ethical dilemma. In this review we examine the issue of inclusion of the @entity751 as a diagnosis.

title: "Attenuated @entity716 " as a XXXX of @entity716 , diagnosis in DSM-V: The debate.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorders']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['risk syndrome']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['frank psychosis', 'psychotic', 'psychotic illnesses', 'psychosis']

answer: @entity751 :: (MESH:D013577,Disease) :: ['risk syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is effective in @entity1 with @entity712 , but 30% to 50% of subjects are classified as nonresponders. Identifying responders remains a challenging task. AIMS: The LODO-CRT trial investigated the association between left ventricular contractile reserve (LVCR) and clinical and echocardiographic long-term CRT response. METHODS: This is a multicenter, prospective, observational study. Left ventricular contractile reserve was detected using a @entity452 stress echocardiography test, defined as an ejection fraction increase of >5 points. Clinical CRT response was defined as the absence of major @entity65 (ie, @entity65 or @entity712 hospitalization). Echocardiographic response was defined as a left ventricle end-systolic volume reduction of >10%. RESULTS: A total of 221 CRT-indicated @entity1 were studied (80% presented LVCR). During a mean follow-up of 15    5 months, 17 @entity1 died and 16 were hospitalized due to @entity712 . The proportion of clinical responders was 155 (88%) of 177 and 33 (75%) of 44 (P = .036) in the groups with and without LVCR, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant difference in cardiac survival/hospitalization between @entity1 with and without LVCR. The proportion of echocardiographic responders was 144 (87%) of 166 and 16 (42%) of 38 in the groups with and without LVCR (P < .001), respectively; LVCR showed 90% sensitivity and 87% positive predictive value to prefigure echocardiographic CRT responders. Multivariable analysis identified LVCR and @entity22286 as independent predictors of CRT response. The concomitant presence of both factors showed 99% specificity and 83% sensitivity in detecting responders. CONCLUSION: The presence of LVCR helps in predicting a clinical and echocardiographic CRT response. Concomitant assessment of LVCR and @entity22286 accurately stratifies responder and nonresponder @entity1 .

title: Low-dose @entity452 test associated with @entity22286 : a useful tool to identify cardiac resynchronization therapy responders: data from the LOw dose XXXX stress-echo test in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (LODO-CRT) phase 2 study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity22286 :: ('MESH:C563239', 'Disease') :: ['interventricular dyssynchrony']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular events', 'cardiovascular death']

answer: @entity452 :: (MESH:D004280,Chemical) :: ['DObutamine']


abstract: During the last 20 years, several procedures have been introduced that effectively control @entity354 . Nevertheless, little has been written regarding surgical management of @entity1 with recurrent @entity2910 following a failed antireflux procedure. The purpose of this study was to review the results of all operations for recurrent @entity2910 . Fifty-five @entity1 had undergone a total of 61 previous operations for reflux (initial operation: Hill, nine; Nissen, 30; Allison, eight; Thal, patch three; Belsey, 10; other, one). Eleven @entity1 underwent a Hill procedure (indications: intractable "gas-bloat" syndrome, 4 @entity1 , @entity2910 , 7 @entity1 ). Two developed recurrent @entity2910 (18%). Seventy-eight per cent had satisfactory results (mean follow-up 24 months), and there were no deaths. Three individuals had a transabdominal fundoplication. One @entity1 was lost to follow-up while the other two had satisfactory results (follow-up, 1 and 6 years). Twenty-nine @entity1 were subjected to a transthoracic fundoplication, with two deaths (seven per cent). One @entity1 (four per cent) was lost to follow-up at 9 months; mean follow-up was 44 months). Eighty-six per cent had satisfactory results. The sole poor result occurred in a @entity2631 @entity1 who ultimately required colon interposition. Twelve @entity1 underwent a Thal-Nissen procedure. One @entity1 was lost to follow-up (eight per cent), while another with @entity2631 had an unsatisfactory result (eight per cent); 83% had satisfactory results. The mean follow-up was 70 months. There were no deaths. Overall, 80% of @entity1 subjected to reoperation had satisfactory results. Mortality was four per cent. Reoperations for @entity354 constitute an effective means of controlling recurrent @entity2910 and compare favorably with primary operations in both mortality and success rate.

title: Reoperations for XXXX following failed antireflux procedures.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['scleroderma']

answer: @entity2910 :: (MESH:D004941,Disease) :: ['esophagitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Interdigestive @entity1319 has a regulatory function on the microflora of the upper small bowel. Here we investigate the effects of @entity56202 and @entity2390 on @entity1286 -induced @entity4423 , the accompanying @entity6124 and bacterial translocation. METHODS: @entity35 were fitted with jejunal myoelectrodes and a subcutaneous cannula for continuous infusion of saline or @entity1286 . Fasting motility was measured for 6 h on four occasions: one control measurement (day 0) and three measurements on consecutive days (days 1-3) while receiving saline alone (group A), @entity1286 alone (group B), saline + @entity56202 (group C), @entity1286 + @entity56202 (group D), saline + @entity2390 (group E) or @entity1286 + @entity2390 (group F). Samples from the @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ), liver, spleen, duodenum and ileum were taken for quantitative microbial culturing on day 4. RESULTS: Neither @entity56202 nor @entity2390 increased the number of propagated activity fronts during saline infusion. During @entity1286 -induced @entity4423 , @entity56202 induced more propagated activity fronts in group D (13.4, 9.8 and 8.8 per 6 h) than in group B (7.0, 4.5, 3.8 per 6 h) on days 1, 2 and 3 (P < 0.05 for all days) @entity2390 did not induce more propagated activity fronts. Disruption of @entity1319 by @entity1286 led to @entity6124 in the duodenum. @entity56202 and @entity2390 did not reduce the bacterial growth levels. The total incidence of bacterial translocation was significantly higher in the @entity1286 -treated animals than in the saline-treated animals. Neither @entity56202 nor @entity2390 reduced the bacterial translocation incidence. The number of propagated activity fronts on day 3 and duodenal bacterial growth correlated significantly in groups A, E and F. CONCLUSIONS: @entity56202 , but not @entity2390 , reduced @entity1286 induced @entity4423 . Small bowel @entity6124 and bacterial translocation were not prevented. Fasting @entity1319 has a regulatory function on the intestinal microflora of the upper small bowel.

title: The effects of @entity56202 and @entity2390 on interdigestive @entity1319 , XXXX and bacterial translocation in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['mesenteric lymph node complex', 'MLN']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide', 'Octreotide']

entities_list: @entity4423 :: ('MESH:D015154', 'Disease') :: ['dysmotility']

entities_list: @entity6124 :: ('MESH:D001765', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial overgrowth']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel motility']

answer: @entity6124 :: (MESH:D001765,Disease) :: ['bacterial overgrowth']


abstract: 20 @entity1 with @entity583 and a medical history of less than six hours were treated with immediate percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. The median time from start of symptoms until establishment of reperfusion of the @entity1188 related artery was 190 minutes, and the time from admission to insertion of the balloon was 52 minutes. Angioplasty was successful in all @entity1 , with no serious complications. All @entity1 experienced @entity158 relief immediately after angioplasty. No @entity1 died or had further @entity1188 . None needed hospitalization during the first three months of follow up. Eight @entity1 had an exercise test between five and seven days after angioplasty and the other 12 at their six-week check up; there were no signs of @entity63 or @entity158 . Measurement of global ejection fraction one week and six weeks after treatment showed median normal values and no significant changes (58% versus 57%). Myocardial perfusion imaging was carried out in eight @entity1 both before hospital discharge and six weeks later. Normalization and improvement was seen in six @entity1 using this method, whereas the perfusion was found unaltered in two @entity1 . Hibernation or stunning, or both are suggested as possible explanations for this. We found the method highly effective and safe in selected @entity1 .

title: [Angioplasty in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['anginal pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: Considerable evidence exists that bacteria detect eukaryotic communication molecules and modify their virulence accordingly. In previous studies, it has been demonstrated that the increasingly antibiotic-resistant pathogen @entity796 can detect the @entity1 hormones @entity3876 ( @entity3876 ) and @entity21695 ( @entity21695 ) at micromolar concentrations. In response, the bacterium modifies its behavior to adapt to the host physiology, increasing its overall virulence. The possibility of identifying the bacterial sensor for these hormones and interfering with this sensing mechanism offers an exciting opportunity to directly affect the @entity281 process. Here, we show that @entity3876 and @entity21695 strongly decrease @entity796 biofilm formation. @entity1849 , an antagonist of @entity1 natriuretic peptide receptors (NPR), prevents this effect. Furthermore, the @entity1 @entity15580 receptor agonist cANF(4-23) mimics the effects of natriuretic peptides on @entity796 , while sANP, the @entity13380 receptor agonist, appears to be weakly active. We show in silico that @entity15580 , a preferential @entity21695 receptor, and the @entity796 protein AmiC have similar three-dimensional (3D) structures and that both @entity21695 and @entity1849 bind to AmiC. We demonstrate that @entity21695 acts as an AmiC agonist, enhancing the expression of the ami operon in @entity796 . Binding of @entity21695 and @entity15580 agonists to AmiC was confirmed by microscale thermophoresis. Finally, using an amiC mutant strain, we demonstrated that AmiC is essential for @entity21695 effects on biofilm formation. In conclusion, the AmiC bacterial sensor possesses structural and pharmacological profiles similar to those of the @entity1 @entity15580 receptor and appears to be a bacterial receptor for @entity1 hormones that enables @entity796 to modulate biofilm expression. IMPORTANCE: The bacterium @entity796 is a highly dangerous opportunist pathogen for immunocompromised hosts, especially cystic @entity82 @entity1 . The sites of @entity796 @entity281 are varied, with predominance in the @entity1 lung, in which bacteria are in contact with host molecular messengers such as hormones. The @entity21695 ( @entity21695 ), a hormone produced by lung cells, has been described as a bacterial virulence enhancer. In this study, we showed that the @entity21695 hormone counteracts @entity796 biofilm formation and we identified the bacterial protein AmiC as the sensor involved in the @entity21695 effects. We showed that AmiC could bind specifically @entity21695 . These results show for the first time that a @entity1 hormone could be sensed by bacteria through a specific protein, which is an ortholog of the @entity1 receptor @entity15580 . The bacterium would be able to modify its lifestyle by favoring virulence factor production while reducing biofilm formation.

title: @entity796 Expresses a Functional XXXX Natriuretic Peptide Receptor Ortholog: Involvement in Biofilm Formation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity21695 :: ('4880', 'Gene') :: ['CNP', 'C-type natriuretic peptide']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P.  aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity3876 :: ('4879', 'Gene') :: ['BNP', 'brain natriuretic peptide']

entities_list: @entity1849 :: ('MESH:D007510', 'Chemical') :: ['isatin', 'Isatin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Nonmuscle invasive urothelial cell @entity189 is the most frequent @entity1494 . The high recurrence rate (up to 80%) and risk of progression (up to 30%) reflect the need for long-term follow-up and sometimes multiple interventions. To reduce the rate of recurrences and @entity5 progression, intravesical immunotherapy, especially the use of Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), represents the gold standard adjuvant treatment of high-risk nonmuscle invasive @entity150 (NMIBC). This article reviews the role of BCG therapy and several promising new immunotherapeutic approaches such as mycobacterium phlei cell wall-nucleic acid complex, @entity688 ( @entity688 ) antibody, vaccine-based therapy, alpha-emitter therapy, and photodynamic therapy checkpoint inhibitors. METHODS: A systematic literature review was performed using the terms (immunotherapy, NMIBC, BCG, and intravesical) using PubMed and Cochrane databases. RESULTS: BCG represents the most common intravesical immunotherapeutic agent for the adjuvant treatment of high-risk NMIBC. Its use is associated with a significant reduction of recurrence and progression. @entity1 with NMIBC of intermediate and high-risk benefit the most from BCG therapy. To achieve maximal efficacy, an induction therapy followed by a maintenance schedule should be used. Full-dose BCG is recommended to obtain ideal antitumoral activity and there is no evidence of a reduction of side effects in @entity1 treated with a reduced dose. There are multiple new approaches and agents in immunotherapy with potential and promising antineoplastic effects. CONCLUSIONS: The beneficial effect of BCG is well documented and established. To reduce the @entity5 specific mortality, it is essential to follow guideline-based treatment. In @entity1 with BCG-failure, there are new promising alternatives other than BCG but BCG remains the gold standard at this stage.

title: Intravesical immunotherapy in nonmuscle invasive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy of the urinary bladder']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: RESULTS: A significant improvement of 60% in the IVRgroupfor the primary composite outcome was found (RR1.60, 95% CI: 1.29 to 2.00, p < 0.001). There was significant improvement in medication compliance (p < 0.001) and decrease in unplanned medical visits (p = 0.023). At one year, the majority of @entity1 (85%) responded positively to using the system again. Follow-up by IVR produced positive outcomes in @entity1187 @entity1 . BACKGROUND: There is evidence from large clinical trials that compliance with standardized best practice guidelines (BPGs) improves survival of @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) @entity1 . However, their application is often suboptimal. PURPOSE: In this study, the researchers evaluated whether the use of an interactive voice response (IVR) follow-up system improved @entity1187 BPG compliance. METHOD: This was a single-centre randomized control trial (RCT) of 1,608 @entity1 (IVR=803; usual care=805). The IVR group received five automated calls in 12 months. The primary composite outcome was increased medication compliance and decreased adverse events.

title: Using interactive voice response to improve disease management and compliance with XXXX best practice guidelines: A randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndrome']


abstract: The bactericidal and phagocytic capacities of monocytes for @entity526 , @entity1793 , @entity5746 , and Listeria, and factors that influence these functions were evaluated and compared with those of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes of 30 normal @entity1 subjects. Monocytes killed a significantly smaller proportion of each of the bacterial species than did neutrophils from the same individuals. Whereas the neutrophils of all individuals demonstrated the ability to kill significant numbers of the four bacterial species, there was a marked variation in the effect of monocytes of different individuals on the growth curves of these same bacteria. When the bactericidal capacity of an individual's monocytes to more than one species of bacteria was examined in the same experiment, a significant difference in the effect of monocytes on the growth curve of one bacterial species as opposed to another was noted in 4 of 17 subjects. The bactericidal ability of monocytes of single individuals was consistent on different days in 9 of the 11 subjects whose monocytes were examined more than once against the same bacteria. Studies were performed to determine if the lesser bactericidal capability of monocytes was due to a difference in the ability of monocytes and neutrophils to phagocytize or to a difference in the ability of these cells to kill ingested bacteria or both. The results demonstrated that monocytes phagocytize bacteria significantly less well than neutrophils, but the intracellular killing capacity of both cell types is equal. Addition of @entity11464 to cell suspensions completely inhibited intracellular killing by both monocytes and neutrophils, suggesting the possibility that the bactericidal mechanisms in both cell types might be similar. Monocyte killing of @entity526 , @entity5746 , and Listeria, but not of @entity1793 , was significantly diminished in heat-inactivated autologous serum. Neither increasing the concentration of autologous serum from 10% to 25% nor replacement of autologous serum with pooled human serum had any effect on monocyte killing of any of the four bacteria. These studies demonstrate that peripheral blood monocytes are less bactericidal for the four bacterial species than neutrophils, solely because monocytes are less phagocytic. A baseline for further study of factors that influence monocyte function and for study of this cell in selected @entity1 populations is provided.

title: Phagocytic and bacterial properties of normal XXXX monocytes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity11464 :: ('MESH:D010653', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylbutazone']

entities_list: @entity5746 :: ('MESH:D012480', 'Disease') :: ['Salmonella']

entities_list: @entity1793 :: ('MESH:D013203', 'Disease') :: ['Staphylococcus']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']