abstract: @entity28739 ( @entity28739 ) alone can cause much morbidity, but when present in conjunction with @entity293 , complications and morbidity increase even more. This study investigated the clinical and laboratory findings in @entity1 who had @entity28739 with and without @entity281 and evaluated the most suitable diagnostic value for @entity293 parameters before urine culture results were available. In a prospective fashion, @entity1 who presented to the emergency department with a complaint of @entity812 (with or without @entity811 ) and who were diagnosed as having @entity1791 with ultrasound were evaluated for 1 year. The gold standard for the diagnosis of @entity293 was urine culture. The most suitable diagnostic value for @entity293 parameters was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Logistic regression was used to identify independent variables that predicted a positive urine culture. Of the 192 eligible @entity1 , 177 agreed to participate in the study. Of the clinical and laboratory characteristics analyzed, urine WBC, blood WBC, and @entity221 were significantly different between culture positive and negative @entity1 (p < 0.001, p = 0.04 p = 0.012, respectively). Using ROC curve analysis, @entity4658 (over 10 WBCs per HPF), @entity221 over 37.9  C, and leucocytosis over 11,300 were the best predictors of a positive culture result. The logistic regression model for @entity491 >11,300 ( @entity3122 ), @entity4658 (OR 2.8), and temperature >37.9  C (OR 3.1) showed a significantly increased risk of having a positive urine culture (correct class 87.9%). While a single physical examination or laboratory finding cannot predict @entity293 in @entity28739 @entity1 with complete reliability, the presence of pyruria, @entity221 , and @entity491 significantly increases the odds of a positive urine culture.

title: A multicenter case-control study of diagnostic tests for XXXX in the presence of @entity1791 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity28739 :: ('MESH:D014545', 'Disease') :: ['Urinary stone disease', 'USD']

entities_list: @entity1791 :: ('MESH:D052878', 'Disease') :: ['urolithiasis']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytosis']

entities_list: @entity812 :: ('MESH:D021501', 'Disease') :: ['colicky flank pain']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

answer: @entity293 :: (MESH:D014552,Disease) :: ['urinary tract infection']


abstract: The role of combination chemotherapy regimens in the management of @entity43 @entity1 with @entity5 resistant to @entity902 compounds has not yet been defined. This multicenter prospective phase II study evaluated the activity and @entity137 of the @entity1205 -plus- @entity2600 combination in @entity43 @entity1 whose @entity5 were resistant to @entity902 compounds and who had been exposed to @entity1311 . Treatment consisted of @entity1205 60 mg/m2 i.v. followed by @entity2600 200 mg/m2 i.v. both on day 1 followed by prophylactic recombinant @entity1 @entity1261 (rhG-CSF) support from days 2 to 6, every 3 weeks. Thirty-one @entity1 were enrolled in the study. The median age was 60 years, and the median performance status (ECOG) was 1. Eight (26%) @entity1 had @entity5 resistant to @entity902 , while the rest of the population had @entity5 recurrence within 6 months from the last @entity900 treatment. Four chemotherapy cycles per @entity1 were administered, with the delivered dose intensity at 75% of the planned dose for both agents. Among 30 @entity1 evaluable for response, there were 2 (7%) complete and 4 (14%) partial responses (overall response rate 20%; (95% confidence interval, CI, 11%-33%). Stable disease was recorded in 8 (28%) @entity1 and progressive disease in 15 (51%). The median response duration was 4.5 months (range, 3-12), the median time to progression 5 months (range, 2-17) and the median survival 11 months (range, 1-40); the 1-year survival was almost 50%. Myelotoxicity was moderate, with grade 3 and 4 @entity1398 occurring in 23% of the @entity1 , grade 3-4 @entity882 in 6% and @entity1398 in 13%. Grade 3 @entity294 was observed in 2% of the @entity1 . There was one treatment-related @entity204 due to sepsis. In conclusion, the combination of @entity1205 plus @entity2600 with rhG-CSF support, appears to be a moderately effective regimen with acceptable @entity137 for @entity902 -resistant, @entity1311 -pretreated @entity43 @entity1 . Further investigation in comparative studies is required to define the role of combination versus single agent chemotherapy in this group of @entity1 .

title: @entity1205 in combination with @entity2600 ( @entity2600 ) in @entity902 -resistant XXXX -pretreated @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte-colony stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['paclitaxel']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We compared resorbable plates with @entity702 plates for treatment of combined mandibular angle and symphyseal @entity174 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 with mandibular angle and symphysis @entity174 were divided into two groups. The control (T) group received @entity702 plates while the experimental (R) group received resorbable plates. All procedures were carried out under general anesthesia using standard surgical techniques. We compared the frequency of wound dehiscence, development of @entity281 , @entity3232 , malunion, screw breakage, and any other technical difficulties between the two groups. RESULTS: Thirteen @entity1 were included in the R group, where 39 resorbable plates were applied. The T group consisted of 16 @entity1 who received 48 @entity702 plates. The mean age in the R and T groups was 28.29 and 24.23 years, respectively. Primary healing of the fractured mandible was obtained in all @entity1 in both groups. @entity260 were minor and transient. Moreover, there were no significant differences in the rates of various complications between the two groups. Breakage of 3 screws during the perioperative period was seen in the R group, while no screws or plates were broken in the T group. CONCLUSION: Resorbable plates can be used to stabilize combined mandibular angle and symphysis @entity174 .

title: Comparison of resorbable plates and @entity702 plates for fixation stability of combined mandibular symphysis and angle XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity3232 :: ('MESH:D008310', 'Disease') :: ['malocclusion']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: We previously reported that a missense mutation at codon 121 (CGG( @entity534 ) to TGG(Trp), @entity70472 ) of @entity15867 may be associated with the onset of @entity164 2 @entity6 in Japanese. In this study, we determined the frequency of the @entity70472 mutation of @entity15867 and characterized the prodiabetic phenotype in a population-based study. Healthy 372 residents participated in annual health check-ups in Nishihara (Okinawa, Japan) and unrelated 193 @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 from the outpatient clinic of Ryukyu University Hospital were enrolled. Diagnosis of @entity6 was based on the 1997 American @entity6 Association criteria. The @entity70472 mutation in @entity15867 was genotyped by PCR-RFLP analysis. In healthy residents, @entity70472 mutation was detected in 12 of 372 residents (3.1%). The prevalence of newly diagnosed @entity164 3 @entity6 (25% vs. 5%, p=0.004) and HbA(1c) (5.6+/-1.9 vs. 5.1+/-0.7, p=0.026) was higher in the variants than in the wild-types. The odds ratio of @entity6 in the @entity70472 variants was 5.98 with 95% confidence interval from 1.50 to 23.9. The @entity70472 mutation was observed in 12 of the 193 @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 (6.2%). Onset-ages of @entity6 were earlier (37+/-10 vs. 47+/-13 years, p=0.010) and the rate of @entity2690 user was two times higher (83% vs. 41%, p=0.005) in the variants. The @entity70472 mutation in @entity15867 is a predisposing factor for the development of @entity164 2 @entity6 in Okinawans.

title: @entity15867 mutation ( XXXX ) as a prodiabetic variant in Okinawans.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity70472 :: (p|SUB|R|121|W,ProteinMutation) :: ['R121W']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity788 is a serious complication of @entity10747 ( @entity10747 ) and may cause significant morbidity and even death. There is no effective prophylactic intervention for @entity1 with average risk yet. This study aims to investigate preventive effect of aggressive hydration for post- @entity10747 @entity788 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a double-blind controlled setting, 150 @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive either aggressive hydration with lactated Ringer's solution (3 mL/kg/h during @entity10747 , followed by a 20 mL/kg bolus and 3 mL/kg/h for 8 h after the procedure, n = 75) or standard amount of hydration (1.5 mL/kg/h during and for 8 h after @entity10747 , n = 75). @entity1 were observed for @entity1284 as well as @entity158 and serum levels of amylase at baseline and 2, 8, and 24 h after @entity10747 . Post- @entity10747 @entity788 was defined as @entity12828 (level of amylase >300) and @entity158 during the 24 h follow-up. @entity12828 and @entity158 were the secondary end points. RESULTS: Mean age of the @entity1 was 50.8    13.5 years. Most of the @entity1 were female (66%). @entity788 developed in 21 @entity1 , including 22.7% of @entity1 receiving standard hydration and 5.3% @entity1 receiving aggressive hydration (P = 0.002). @entity12828 was detected in 44.0% of @entity1 receiving standard hydration and 22.7% of @entity1 aggressive hydration (P = 0.006). The @entity158 was reported by 5.3% of @entity1 receiving aggressive hydration and 37.3% of @entity1 receiving standard hydration (P  <= 0.005). CONCLUSION: Aggressive hydration with lactated Ringer's solution may effectively prevent post- @entity10747 @entity788 as well as @entity12828 and @entity158 in @entity1 with average risk.

title: Aggressive hydration with Lactated Ringer's solution as the prophylactic intervention for postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography XXXX : A randomized controlled double-blind clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatitis', 'pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity10747 :: ('MESH:D012183', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography', 'ERCP']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic pain']

entities_list: @entity12828 :: ('MESH:D034321', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperamylasemia', 'hyperamylasemia']

entities_list: @entity1284 :: ('MESH:D019190', 'Disease') :: ['volume overload']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is considerable interest in the possibility of an infectious etiology for @entity1 @entity0 . Although studies have shown that certain strains of @entity19 transmit @entity5 virus via breast milk, few epidemiologic studies have addressed this topic in @entity1 . METHODS: We evaluated the relationship between having been breast-fed as an @entity1 and @entity0 risk among 8299 @entity1 who participated in a population-based, case-control study of @entity0 in @entity1 aged 50 years or more. Case @entity1 were identified through @entity5 registries in three states (Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Wisconsin); control @entity1 were identified through statewide driver's license lists (age <65 years) or Medicare lists (ages 65-79 years). Information on epidemiologic risk factors was obtained through telephone interview. We used multiple logistic regression to assess having been breast-fed and maternal history of @entity0 in relation to @entity0 occurrence both in premenopausal @entity1 (205 case @entity1 ; 220 control @entity1 ) and in postmenopausal @entity1 (3803 case @entity1 ; 4071 control @entity1 ). RESULTS: We found no evidence that having been breast-fed @entity0 risk in either premenopausal @entity1 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.41-1.04) or postmenopausal @entity1 (OR = 0.95; 95% CI = 0.85-1.07). In addition, @entity0 risk was not increased by having been breast-fed by a mother who later developed @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Our results do not support the hypothesis that a transmissible agent in breast milk increases @entity0 risk. Because premenopausal @entity1 were not well represented in our study population, our findings with regard to this group may not be generalizable and should be viewed with caution.

title: Exposure to breast milk in infancy and adult XXXX risk.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'humans', 'human', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'mammary tumor']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'increased breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background   Temporalis myofascial @entity1912 is a versatile @entity1912 for reconstruction of the oral cavity defects, but results in an esthetically compromised deformity at the donor site. We used @entity4625 ( @entity4625 ) cement to correct the volume loss defect caused by temporalis myofascial @entity1912 and evaluated its results before and after adjuvant radiotherapy. Methods   We discuss our experience of using @entity4625 cement to augment donor-site deformity in 25 @entity1 (17 males, 8 females) between years 2005 and 2009. The primary defect was a result of the ablative surgery for @entity957 . A modified curved hemicoronal incision was used as an access for better cosmetic outcome. The volume of cement required was decided during the surgery. Results   All @entity1 are in regular follow-up, alive and free of complications at implant site, except one @entity1 who developed wound dehiscence. The condition of the implant was evaluated by postoperative computed tomographic scan, repeated after adjuvant radiotherapy in cases required. There were no radiation-induced changes in the contour and volume of the implants. Cosmetic result of the implant was reported satisfactory by the @entity1 postoperatively. Conclusion   Restoration of the temporal area defect after the temporalis myofascial @entity1912 harvest with the use of @entity4625 cement is an easy and safe method, with excellent esthetic results. The implant is stable and resistant to any changes in contour and loss of volume even after adjuvant radiotherapy, with no added morbidity to the @entity1 .

title: Use of @entity4625 -Based Cement for Cosmetic Correction of Donor-Site Defect following Transposition of Temporalis Myofascial XXXX and Evaluation of Results after Adjuvant Radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity4625 :: ('MESH:D019904', 'Chemical') :: ['PMMA', 'polymethyl methacrylate']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the upper alveolar and the buccoalveolar sulcus']

answer: @entity1912 :: (241,Gene) :: ['Flap']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 877 Background: @entity136 is an active drug in @entity0 : 37% of responses as first line, 26% as a second line and 18% as tirad line; The responses with @entity136 plus @entity900 is @entity1 with MBC is: 40% to 80%. @entity3003 has not been identified as active drug in @entity0 , however @entity136 hs an wide synergism with this drug. METHODS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and security of the chemotherapy with @entity136 and @entity3003 in recurrent @entity0 . All @entity1 had clinically and by scan CT, measurable disease. TREATMENT: @entity136 1000 mg/m2 days 1 and 8, @entity3003 AUC 5 day 1, Cycles repeated q21 days as blood count permitted until limited @entity137 or progression. RESULTS: 19 @entity1 were treated with palliative chemotherapy with GC, and there were 69 courses of chemotherapy. All pts received @entity8253 , FAC 15 pts, @entity4757 pt and 3 pts combined with @entity6023 in adjuvant setting; all received radiotherapy after adjuvant chemotherapy and all received also hormonal therapy in adjuvant setting. All pts received @entity6023 in recurrence and between 2 and 4 chemotherapy schedules that included: @entity416 , other @entity6023 , @entity1206 , @entity1487 and @entity900 . Median age was 44.5 years. 15 pt had ductal adencarcinoma and 2 pts had @entity189 . . Stage II: 6 @entity1 and stage III-IV: 12 @entity1 ; median follow-up was 5.2 (3.4-10.8 mo). Objective Responses (OR) were presented in 4 pt (21.5%); CR 2 pt, PR 2 pt and Stable disease 8 pts; @entity74 ( @entity74 ) in 7 pts (31.3%); the responses were two locally and two more in the @entity3 (hepatic). Median overall survival was 7.5 mo. The current status is 4 pts alive without tumoral activity (18.7%), 12 pts alive with tumoral activity (62.6%), and 3 dead pts with tumoral activity (18.7%). Related to @entity137 was presented in 4 pts (5.79%), @entity1210 in 3 pts (4.34%), @entity1398 in 4 pts (5.79%) and @entity882 in 1 pt (1.44%). CONCLUSION: @entity136 plus @entity3003 is an active combination (11 OR), this scheme is of an easy administration, and very well tolerated in @entity1 with metastatic and recurrent @entity0 , must be considered as an option in the metastatic setting. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: @entity136 plus @entity3003 in recurrent and XXXX : A phase II trial.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicity anemia']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity8253 :: ('MESH:D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracyclines']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboplatin', 'carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['lobulillar carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'Progression disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['Leucopenia']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['advanced breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND:    Trivalent oral @entity9925 vaccine (OPV) is known to interfere with monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1) immunogenicity. The interference caused by bivalent and monovalent OPV formulations, which will be increasingly used globally in coming years, has not been examined. We conducted a post hoc analysis to assess the effect of coadministration of different OPV formulations on RV1 immunogenicity. METHODS:    Healthy @entity1 in Matlab, Bangladesh, were randomized to receive 3 doses of monovalent OPV type 1 or bivalent OPV types 1 and 3 at either 6, 8, and 10 or 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age or trivalent OPV at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age. All @entity1 received 2 doses of RV1 at about 6 and 10 weeks of age. Concomitant administration was defined as RV1 and OPV given on the same day; staggered administration as RV1 and OPV given >= 1 day apart. Rotavirus seroconversion was defined as a 4-fold rise in immunoglobulin A titer from before the first RV1 dose to >= 3 weeks after the second RV1 dose. RESULTS:    There were no significant differences in baseline RV1 immunogenicity among the 409 @entity1 included in the final analysis. @entity1 who received RV1 and OPV concomitantly, regardless of OPV formulation, were less likely to seroconvert (47%; 95% confidence interval, 39%-54%) than those who received both vaccines staggered >= 1 day (63%; 57%-70%; P < .001). For staggered administration, we found no evidence that the interval between RV1 and OPV administration affected RV1 immunogenicity. CONCLUSIONS:    Coadministration of monovalent, bivalent, or trivalent OPV seems to lower RV1 immunogenicity. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION:    NCT01633216.

title: Interference of Monovalent, Bivalent, and Trivalent Oral XXXX Vaccines on Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccine Immunogenicity in Rural Bangladesh.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'Infants']

answer: @entity9925 :: (138950,Species) :: ['Poliovirus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4538 ) induces the formation of effector @entity405 (+) T cells that are maintained for decades during the latent stage of @entity281 . Effector @entity405 (+) T cells appear quiescent, but maintain constitutive cytolytic capacity and can immediately produce inflammatory cytokines such as @entity379 after stimulation. It is unclear how effector @entity405 (+) T cells can be constitutively maintained in a terminal stage of effector differentiation in the absence of overt viral replication. We have recently described the @entity219 finger protein Homolog of @entity12467 in T cells (Hobit) in @entity19 NKT cells. Here, we show that @entity1 Hobit was uniformly expressed in effector-type @entity405 (+) T cells, but not in naive or in most memory @entity405 (+) T cells. @entity1 @entity2834 -specific but not influenza-specific @entity405 (+) T cells expressed high levels of Hobit. Consistent with the high homology between the DNA-binding Zinc Finger domains of Hobit and @entity12467 , Hobit displayed transcriptional activity at @entity12467 target sites. Expression of Hobit strongly correlated with T-bet and @entity379 expression within the @entity405 (+) T-cell population. Furthermore, Hobit was both necessary and sufficient for the production of @entity379 . These data implicate Hobit as a novel transcriptional regulator in quiescent @entity1 effector-type @entity405 (+) T cells that regulates their immediate effector functions.

title: XXXX homolog Hobit identifies effector-type lymphocytes in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity4538 :: ('10359', 'Species') :: ['Human cytomegalovirus (CMV']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity12467 :: (639,Gene) :: ['Blimp-1']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Firearm injuries are a major health problem contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. @entity308 is associated with increased risk of adverse health outcomes in @entity130 @entity1 and those hospitalized for serious disorders. We examined the relation between preexisting @entity308 and adverse hospital outcomes and related @entity130 among adult (>16-years) @entity580 ( @entity580 ). METHODS: Using nationally representative Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2005 to 2011) and survey weighted multinomial logistic regression, we calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) to determine the risk of care facility discharge and in-hospital mortality by pre-existing @entity308 . RESULTS: Pre-existing @entity308 was associated with a 3-fold risk of discharge to care facility (OR=2.91, 95%CI=2.57-3.30) and a 2-fold risk of in-hospital mortality (OR=2.05, 95%CI=1.69-2.47). ORs for risk of care facility discharge compared to routine discharge associated with @entity308 among assault/legal- @entity580 , unintentional- @entity580 , suicide- @entity580 and undetermined- @entity580 was 2.73 (95%CI=2.23-3.33), 1.90 (95%CI=1.50-2.41), 1.52 (95%CI=1.26-1.83) and 2.42 (95%CI=1.60-3.67), while risk of inhospital mortality was 0.17 (95%CI=0.05-0.54), 0.60 (95%CI=0.28-1.29), 0.79 (95%CI=0.63-0.98) and 0.74 (95%CI=0.36-1.52). LIMITATIONS: Lack of information regarding re-hospitalization due to the cross-sectional data. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity308 who were hospitalized due to firearm-related injury were less likely to survive than those without @entity308 , and those discharged alive were at higher risk of discharge to a facility. @entity308 was associated with greater risk of discharge to facility among all intents, and lower risk of in-hospital mortality among assault- and suicide- @entity580 . These findings are important considering the increasing numbers of non-fatal @entity580 and the associated increase in healthcare expenditure.

title: The relation of XXXX to in-hospital outcomes among adults hospitalized for firearm-related injury.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Persons', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'injury severity']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['FH', 'firearm hospitalizations']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4172 Background: @entity420 is one of the common problems in India. Most often this is diagnosed in locoregionally advanced or in Metastatic stage.Chemotherapy is needed in most cases of ca Stomach .This study deals with @entity420 in the rural south Indian population.This is a retrospective analysis. METHODS: The diagnosis was by endoscopic biopsy. Non Metastatic ca stomach was treated with initial surgery.Chemotherapy was offered to those with Metastatic,node positive or seosa or muscle positive @entity1 The common chemotherapy protocol used was ELF ( @entity2879 100 mg/m2, @entity4181 30mg/m2,5FU 350 mg/m2 all IVF d1-d3) at three weekly interval for six cycles. RESULTS: Total of eighty @entity1 were analysed.The lesion was in70% distal, 17% proximal and 13% unknown site. In 60% the infiltration was upto serosa or beyond and in 7% upto muscle.20% had liver involvement. Nodes were involved in 44% and peritoneum was involved in 15%. 29 @entity1 had adjuvant and 51 had palliative chemotherapy. All @entity1 who had adjuvant chemo had surgery(partial gastrectomy in 69%,total gastrectomy in 24% and gastro esophagectomy in 7%).37% of @entity1 on palliative chemo had surgery like partial gastrectomy, jejunostomy or gastrojejunostomy. 59%in adjuvant and 29%in palliation were regular for treatment.31% relapsed in adjuvant group.In the palliative group56%had stable disease and 44%had progressive disease.The follow up in adjuvant group was 1-155Wks(mean 36 and median 28)and in the palliative group 1 - 52 wks(mean 11 and median 5 wks). @entity137 is grade 1 or 2 and there was no @entity137 . CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy is needed for most of these @entity1 of ca stomach. ELF protocol was simple and relatively non toxic protocol.Inspite of this a fair proportion in both adjuvant and palliative groups were not regular on treatment. The main reason is unabated symptoms of @entity5 (in palliation group) and nutritional complications of gastrectomy (in the adjuvant group). Apart from addressing superior chemotherapy, we also need to investigate areas to improve @entity1 compliance, nutritional complications of gastrectomy and quality symptom management like standard gastric diversion procedure. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: XXXX -epidemiology and treatment results of rural South Indian experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['Leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxic death', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['Etoposide']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of stomach', 'Adenocarcinoma of stomach']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['Adenocarcinoma of stomach']


abstract: Acute @entity198 is a common CNS @entity166 in @entity1 . However, there are limited studies concerning about the correlation between the clinical evaluations and neurological outcome. To investigate the value of neurological evaluations, and the correlation between these evaluations and neurological outcomes of acute @entity198 , in the present study we retrospectively evaluated the neurological outcome of 0- to 16-year-old @entity1 with @entity198 or @entity5422 between 1999 and 2000. Of 101 @entity1 enrolled, 4 died and 25 had other @entity16 , including @entity302 , @entity10 , @entity245 , and emotional or behavioral changes during the 5 years of follow-up. The causative organisms in @entity1 with @entity16 ( @entity1704 /2 (100%), @entity683 2/3 (67%), @entity9463 5/12 (42%), and enterovirus 71 2/7 (29%). The important predictors for adverse outcomes were focal neurological signs, multiple @entity410 or @entity159 on admission, @entity1431 , focal slow waves or continuous generalized delta waves in electroencephalography (EEG), and focal cortical parenchymal hyperintensity in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (p<0.05). @entity1 with initial presentations of focal neurological signs, @entity1829 , @entity2045 , and @entity159 tended to have higher incidence of abnormal findings in brain MRI, although not achieving statistic significances. In addition, @entity1 with focal spikes or continuous generalized delta waves in EEG also had higher incidence of @entity854 . We conclude that brain MRI studies may be indicated in @entity1 with focal neurological signs, intractable @entity410 , and focal spikes, focal delta waves, or continuous generalized delta waves in EEG. For those with MRI examinations, focal cortical hyperintensity suggests poorer neurological outcomes.

title: The correlation between neurological evaluations and neurological outcome in acute XXXX : a hospital-based study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity9463 :: ('MESH:D009175', 'Disease') :: ['mycoplasma']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonic jerks']

entities_list: @entity5422 :: ('MESH:D008590', 'Disease') :: ['meningoencephalitis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological sequelae', 'neurological sequelae were herpes virus']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental delay']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['papilledema']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['MRI abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious disease']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

answer: @entity198 :: (MESH:D004660,Disease) :: ['encephalitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Coronary stenting in @entity1 has been associated with worse results in terms of morbidity, mortality, and restenosis rate in the bare-metal stent @entity7971 , possibly due to higher risk profile and smaller coronary vessels. Although drug-eluting stents have equalized clinical results, no data are available on long-term outcomes between sexes. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the role of sex in acute, mid-term, and long-term clinical outcome after @entity3446 -eluting stent (SES) implantation. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 1186 @entity1 , 970 (81.8%) male and 216 (18.2%) female, treated with SES implantation between April 2002 and December 2005. RESULTS: @entity1 were older (P=0.049), more likely to have @entity101 (43.5 vs. 33.7%, P=0.006), @entity66 (63.9 vs. 42.5%, P=0.03), and @entity1459 (16.6% vs. 9.2%, P=0.001) and more frequently received small ( <= 2.75 mm) vessel stenting (39.3 vs. 28.2%, P=0.001). The two groups were similar for lesion and procedural characteristics. Overall, the stent @entity715 rate was 0.4% (0.5% in @entity1 vs. 0.3% in @entity1 , P=not significant). At 6-month follow-up, no significant difference in major adverse cardiac event was observed. Long-term follow-up (median time 33.2 months), available in 180 (83.3%) @entity1 and 720 (75%) @entity1 , showed higher angina recurrence rate (17.7 vs. 11%, P=0.013), percutaneous coronary re-intervention (16.1 vs. 8.7%, P=0.001) and target vessel revascularization (3.9 vs. 0.9%, P=0.001) in @entity1 compared with @entity1 . Late stent @entity715 , need for coronary artery bypass grafting, and mortality were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: No sex difference was observed in acute and 6-month outcome after SES implantation despite older age, more unstable clinical presentation, and more frequent small vessel stenting in @entity1 . However, long-term clinical follow-up (up to 5 years) in @entity1 showed higher symptom recurrence and target vessel revascularization rate but no difference in overall major adverse @entity299 .

title: Sex difference in long-term clinical outcome after XXXX -eluting stent implantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['single-vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity3446 :: (MESH:D020123,Chemical) :: ['sirolimus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Duplex sonography of the temporal artery may be helpful in the diagnosis of @entity226 . @entity1 AND METHODS: The superficial temporal arteries of 36 @entity1 with @entity226 or suspected @entity3468 were examined using both duplex ultrasonography (US) and biopsy. The data of these @entity1 were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of 24 @entity1 (66.7%) with definite positive results using duplex (US) and Group B of 12 @entity1 (33.3%) who showed a suspicious or negative ultrasonographic result. RESULT: In all @entity1 of Group A, the histological findings corresponded with the ultrasonographic changes in the inflamed artery. - The characteristic ultrasonographic sign was a dark halo around the lumen of the temporal arteries. There was a high correlation between a bilateral halo found by US with an ocular involvement. Ten out of 14 @entity1 with a bilateral halo (71.4%) showed a distinct involvement of the optic nerve or retina. - The characteristic histological signs were infiltration of the vessel wall by inflammatory cells, mainly lymphocytes. Group B: The biopsies of the superficial temporal arteries were positive in 8 @entity1 (66.7 %), negative in 4 other @entity1 (33.3%). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with a distinct halo, demonstrated by US, also showed corresponding pronounced inflammatory cell infiltration of the vessel wall. @entity1 with no ultrasonographic changes presented histological signs of @entity32 such as isolated inflammatory cells around the vasa vasorum and/or in the adventitial layer.

title: Comparison between color duplex ultrasonography and histology of the temporal artery in XXXX ( @entity226 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['initial inflammation']

entities_list: @entity226 :: ('MESH:D013700', 'Disease') :: ['cranial arteritis']

entities_list: @entity3468 :: ('MESH:D001167', 'Disease') :: ['arteritis']

answer: @entity226 :: (MESH:D013700,Disease) :: ['cranial arteritis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: It is unclear whether changes in mean platelet volume ( @entity6688 ) are associated with total mortality in @entity1187 . We investigated whether the change in @entity6688 predicts total mortality in @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ). We retrospectively analyzed 419 consecutive @entity1 (19 @entity1 were excluded). The remaining @entity1 were categorized as survivors (n = 351) or nonsurvivors (n = 49). Measurements of @entity6688 were performed at admission and after 24 hours. The difference between the 2 measurements was considered as the @entity6688 change (  @entity6688 ). The end point of the study was total mortality at 1-year follow-up. During the follow-up, there were 49 deaths (12.2%). Admission @entity6688 was comparable in the 2 groups. However, both @entity6688 (9.6    1.4 fL vs 9.2    1.0 fL, P = .044) and   @entity6688 (0.40 [0.10-0.70] fL vs 0.70 [0.40-1.20] fL, P < .001) at the first 24 hours were higher in nonsurvivors than survivors. In multivariate analysis,   @entity6688 was an independent predictor of total mortality (odds ratio: 1.84, 95% confidence interval: 1.28-2.65, P = .001). An early increase in @entity6688 after admission was independently associated with total mortality in @entity1 with @entity583 . Such @entity1 may need more effective antiplatelet therapy.

title: The Prognostic Impact of In-Hospital Change in Mean Platelet Volume in @entity1 With Non-ST-Segment Elevation XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndromes']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['NSTEMI', 'non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['Myocardial Infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The electrical alternans shown on an ST segment, ST alternans, is known as one of the most important predictors of @entity2224 ( @entity2224 ). It has also been reported that @entity1372 channel inhibition changes action potential configuration, especially on the repolarization phase. Thus, the @entity1372 channel blocker may produce ST alternans and trigger reentrant @entity943 . METHODS AND RESULTS: A @entity1372 channel blocker ( @entity7306 , @entity3303 , or @entity6237 ) was infused selectively into the left anterior descending coronary artery in anesthetized, open-chest @entity235 . Sixty unipolar electrograms were simultaneously recorded from the entire cardiac surface of the heart. The amplitude of ST alternans (STa) was determined as the difference in the ST-segment magnitude between 2 consecutive electrograms. We accepted the greatest STa among 60 leads for evaluation. High-dose @entity6237 (100 microg. kg-1. min-1) increased STa and evoked a spontaneous @entity2224 . The STa in high-dose @entity6237 loading (8.7+/-3.4 mV; mean+/-SEM) was significantly greater than that in @entity7306 or @entity3303 (0. 9+/-0.4 and 0.8+/-0.2 mV, P<0.05). Treatment of @entity973 ( @entity974 ) suppressed the increase in STa and the occurrence of @entity2224 evoked by @entity6237 , while @entity9690 or @entity1855 did not inhibit those. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6237 caused the ST alternans that was closely correlated to the occurrence of @entity2224 . Because the ST alternans was suppressed by @entity974 treatment, a @entity974 -sensitive current such as Ito or Isus may play an important role on this phenomenon.

title: Intracoronary @entity6237 induces ST alternans and reentrant XXXX on intact @entity235 heart: A role of @entity973 -sensitive current.

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity6237 :: ('MESH:D005424', 'Chemical') :: ['flecainide', 'Flecainide']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity7306 :: ('MESH:D004206', 'Chemical') :: ['disopyramide']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['VF', 'ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity973 :: ('MESH:D015761', 'Chemical') :: ['4-aminopyridine']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['arrhythmia']


abstract: @entity189 is one of the most common @entity5 . In France, 15,000 died each year from the metastatic or locoregional progression of this @entity5 . In the past, effective surgical adjuvant therapy has been an elusive goal with no evidence of benefit from chemotherapy or immunotherapy. However, a meta-analysis published in 1988 showed that one-year adjuvant chemotherapy using @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) containing regimens may slightly improve survival. Accelerated progress has been made since 1990: in @entity694 with regional nodal @entity3 (stage @entity5 ), therapy with combined @entity1487 and @entity7305 has resulted in a 33% reduction in the death rate. Controlled clinical trials demonstrated improved @entity5 response rates when the combination of @entity1487 and @entity4181 was compared with single-agent @entity1487 in @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 . Recent results indicate that this combination is effective in preventing @entity5 relapse and improving survival in @entity1 with high risk @entity694 (especially stage @entity5 ). The comparison of @entity1487 and @entity4181 to @entity1487 and @entity7305 is ongoing; the preliminary results of these controlled trials showed that 6 months of adjuvant therapy with @entity1487 and @entity4181 is as effective as the standard 12 months @entity1487 and @entity7305 regimen and less toxic. No clear adjuvant benefit has been established in @entity1 with @entity5 . The lack of statistical power of the trials and the 80% overall survival rate of these @entity1 may explain these negative results. Almost all the specialists of these @entity5 considered that it is possible to select @entity1 who are at sufficiently high risk of recurrence so that treatment can be justified. These @entity1 are those who presented initially with @entity5 perforation or obstruction, adherence to or invasion of adjacent organs, young @entity1 . Clinical trials suggest a survival benefit from the direct portal administration of the @entity1487 in the immediate post-operative period, although the magnitude of the effect is less than that seen in the systemic therapy trials.

title: [Recent advances in adjuvant chemotherapy in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'C tumor', 'tumors', 'malignant disease', 'cancer', "Dukes' stage B2 colon cancer"]

entities_list: @entity7305 :: ('MESH:D007978', 'Chemical') :: ['levamisole']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Carcinoma of the large bowel']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colonic cancers']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ) and @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) are associated with functional beta cell loss due to ongoing @entity32 . Despite shared similarities, @entity1723 is an @entity792 with evidence of autoantibody production, as well as a role for exocrine pancreas involvement. Our hypothesis is that differential protein expression occurs in disease stratified pancreas tissues and regulated proteins from endocrine and exocrine tissues are potential markers of disease and potential therapeutic targets. The study objective was to identify novel proteins that distinguish the pancreas from donors with @entity1723 from the pancreas from @entity1 with @entity2175 , or autoantibody positive non-diabetic donors. Detailed quantitative comprehensive proteomic analysis was applied to snap frozen @entity1 pancreatic tissue lysates from organ donors without @entity6 , with @entity1723 -associated autoantibodies in the absence of @entity6 , with @entity1723 , or with @entity2175 . These disease-stratified @entity1 pancreas tissues contain exocrine and endocrine tissues (with dysfunctional islets) in the same microenvironment. The expression profiles of several of the proteins were further verified by western blot. We identified protein panels that are significantly and uniquely upregulated in the three disease-stratified pancreas tissues compared to non-disease control tissues. These proteins are involved in @entity32 , metabolic regulation, and autoimmunity, all of which are pathways linked to, and likely involved in, T1 and T2 @entity6 pathogenesis. Several new proteins were differentially upregulated in prediabetic, @entity1723 , and @entity2175 pancreas. The results identify proteins that could serve as novel prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic tools to preserve functional islet mass in Type 1 @entity6 .

title: Proteomic Analysis of Disease Stratified XXXX Pancreas Tissue Indicates Unique Signature of Type 1 @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes', 'T2D']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['Type 1 diabetes', 'T1D']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity63 ( @entity63 ) or minor @entity385 represents the largest group of @entity66 , and those @entity1 have a high risk of early recurrent @entity64 . Over decades, anticoagulation therapy has been used prudently in them for likely increasing the risk of @entity548 . However, recently @entity3925 , a new oral anticoagulant, is proved to be as effective as traditional anticoagulants, while carrying significantly less risk of @entity932 . Therefore, we assumed that @entity1 may benefit from @entity3925 if treated soon after @entity63 or @entity64 , and designed this adequately powered randomized study, TRACE. METHODS AND DESIGN: The Treatment of @entity3925 versus @entity117 in Non-disabling Cerebrovascular Events (TRACE) study is a randomized, double-blind clinical trial with a target enrollment of 4400 @entity1 . A 14-days regimen of @entity3925 10  mg daily or a 14-days regimen of @entity117 100  mg daily will be administrated to randomized @entity1 with acute @entity63 or @entity64 , defined as National Institute of Health Stroke Scale scores  <=3. The primary efficacy end point is percentage of @entity1 with any @entity64 ( @entity548 ) at 14  days. Study visits will be performed at the day of randomization, day 14 and day 90. DISCUSSION: Even though the new oral anticoagulants seem to be both safe and effective, few clinical trials have been carried out to test their effect on non-disabling cerebrovascular events. Treatment with @entity3925 may prevent more cerebrovascular events with an acceptable risk profile after @entity63 or @entity64 , compared with @entity117 , thus helping to improve the outcome of the disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION: No. NCT01923818.

title: Treatment of XXXX versus @entity117 for Non-disabling Cerebrovascular Events (TRACE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'minor stroke']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intra-/extra-cranial hemorrhagic complications', 'ischemic or hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Transient ischemic attack', 'TIA']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity3925 :: ('MESH:C503223', 'Chemical') :: ['Rivaroxaban', 'rivaroxaban']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity3925 :: (MESH:C503223,Chemical) :: ['Rivaroxaban']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the serum @entity701 profile and evaluate the adrenal response in @entity1 with @entity326 , and determine the influence of these factors on the outcome and mortality in this group. METHODS: Between May and November 2003, 22 @entity1 with @entity326 admitted to two pediatric intensive care units in southern Brazil were followed. Adrenal function was evaluated based on the levels of @entity701 measured on the occasion of the diagnosis of @entity326 and on the response of serum @entity701 30 min after the administration of intravenous @entity3317 (0.5 microg/1.73m(2)). @entity1887 was defined as a baseline serum @entity701 below 690 nmol/l and/or a @entity701 response to corticotrophin less than 250 nmol/l. RESULTS: @entity1887 was detected in 17 @entity1 (77.3%). All @entity1 who died had baseline @entity701 higher than 690 nmol/l. A @entity701 response to corticotrophin less than 250 nmol/l was associated with a 60% mortality (RR = 7.2, 1.03-50.28). Regression analysis showed that the combination of baseline @entity701 higher than 690 nmol/l and a @entity701 response to corticotrophin less than 250 nmol/l were associated with mortality after correction for gender and PRISM. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1887 is a frequent finding in @entity1 with @entity326 . The low-dose corticotrophin stimulation test seems to be an important tool to distinguish between a normal @entity701 response to stress and evidence of @entity177 . Mortality was significantly higher in @entity1 that failed to respond to a corticotrophin stimulation test.

title: Adrenal response in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['Adrenal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal failure']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity3317 :: ('MESH:D000324', 'Chemical') :: ['corticotrophin']

answer: @entity326 :: (MESH:D012772,Disease) :: ['septic shock']


abstract: BACKGROUND: High-potency statins reduce @entity65 after @entity1187 but remain underused in clinical practice. We examined predictors of nonuse of high-potency statins after @entity1187 . METHODS AND RESULTS: The Stabilization of pLaques usIng Darapladib-Thrombolysis in @entity583 (SOLID-TIMI 52) trial enrolled @entity1 after an @entity1187 in 36 countries between 2009 and 2011. Statin use was strongly encouraged throughout the trial, and statin potency was at the discretion of the treating physician. A high-potency statin was defined as >= 40  mg @entity2993 , >= 20  mg @entity8671 , or 80  mg @entity3413 daily. Predictors of nonuse of high-potency statins were examined using logistic regression. Of the @entity1 included (n=12  446), 11  850 (95.2%) were treated with a statin at baseline after @entity1187 (median 14  days), but only 5212 (41.9%) were on a high-potency statin. Selected @entity1 factors associated with nonuse of high-potency statins included age >= 75  years (odds ratio 1.39, 95% CI 1.24-1.56), female sex (odds ratio 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.22), @entity8 (odds ratio 1.17, 95% CI 1.03-1.32), and @entity712 during hospital admission (odds ratio 1.43, 95% CI 1.27-1.62). At 3  months after baseline, only 49% of @entity1 had low-density lipoprotein @entity165 <70  mg/dL. Among the 5490 @entity1 (59%) who were not on a high-potency statin at 3  months, lower low-density lipoprotein @entity165 was a predictor of nonuse of a high-potency statin after a median of 2.3  years (odds ratio 1.15 for 10  mg/dL decrease, 95% CI 1.11-1.19). CONCLUSION: Despite the widespread use of statins after @entity1187 , most @entity1 are not treated with high-potency statins early and late after the event, including @entity1 at the highest risk of recurrent @entity65 . CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01000727.

title: Predictors of Nonuse of a High-Potency Statin After an Acute Coronary Syndrome: Insights From the Stabilization of Plaques Using Darapladib-Thrombolysis in XXXX 52 (SOLID-TIMI 52) Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome', 'acute coronary syndromes']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity3413 :: ('MESH:D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['simvastatin']

entities_list: @entity2993 :: ('MESH:C065179', 'Chemical') :: ['atorvastatin']

entities_list: @entity8671 :: ('MESH:C422923', 'Chemical') :: ['rosuvastatin']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial Infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular events']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['Myocardial Infarction']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess and compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and emotional well-being in mothers and fathers of @entity1 with drug-resistant @entity302 , referred for presurgical evaluation in Sweden. METHODS: Mothers (n=117) and fathers (n=102) of 122 @entity1 (0-18years) completed the generic 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 Scale (HADS). Mothers' and fathers' SF-36 scores were compared with age-adjusted Swedish population values using the independent t-tests. Differences in the proportions of mothers vs. fathers classified as 'noncases' or 'possible/probable' clinical cases of @entity308 (HADS-D), respectively, were assessed with the chi-square test. Parents' HADS scores were also compared using independent t-tests. RESULTS: Mothers had significantly lower scores compared with norms on 6 of the 8 SF-36 domains (p<0.01), while fathers had significantly lower scores on 4 of the domains (p<0.01). Mothers had significantly lower scores than fathers on 4 of the SF-36 domains (p<0.05). Significantly more mothers than fathers scored below the population mean for the SF-36 Mental Component Summary score. A significantly larger proportion of mothers than fathers had 'possible/probable' @entity148 (52% vs. 38%) but not @entity308 (30% vs. 22%). Mothers had significantly worse scores than fathers on HADS-A (p<0.01) but not on HADS-D. CONCLUSION: Mothers and fathers of @entity1 with drug-resistant @entity302 have diminished HRQoL compared with population norms. Symptoms of @entity148 appear to be more common than symptoms of @entity308 . Mothers experienced higher levels of @entity148 , but not @entity308 , than fathers and scored lower than fathers on vitality, mental health, and Mental Component Summary of the SF-36. There is a need to identify contributory factors and interventions to ameliorate these difficulties.

title: Health-related quality of life and emotional well-being in parents of @entity1 with XXXX referred for presurgical evaluation in Sweden.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'anxiety (HADS-A) and depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity195 ( @entity195 ) is characterised by functional impairment, @entity194 , and degeneration of specific neuronal populations, especially pyramidal neurones of the cerebral cortex and hippocampal formation. Although @entity1 with @entity1294 have been shown to have similar metabolic and volumetric deficits to those with @entity195 , the underlying pathogenesis of these changes is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether pyramidal cell loss occurs in @entity6249 ( @entity6249 ) @entity303 by quantifying hippocampal volume and @entity1399 neurone number. METHODS: Fifty four prospectively studied @entity1 with @entity303 were screened, and four @entity1 fulfilling criteria for @entity6249 with no other significant @entity854 were identified. These were compared with five @entity1 fulfilling criteria for @entity195 and seven controls matched for age and sex. The hippocampal formation was serially sectioned, and the number of @entity1399 pyramidal neurones estimated using the optical dissector technique. Analysis of variance was used to evaluate group differences. RESULTS: @entity1 in both the @entity195 and @entity6249 groups showed a substantial loss of pyramidal neurones from the @entity1399 region. The pattern of hippocampal @entity194 and the degree of @entity1399 @entity528 were similar in the two @entity303 groups. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support recent in vivo studies showing similar metabolic deficits and @entity194 in @entity195 and @entity1294 . In addition, they provide evidence that the underlying cause of these abnormalities is a similar loss of neurones. Whereas the cause of the @entity528 in @entity195 is related to the deposition of abnormal proteins, the cause in @entity6249 is unknown. In the absence of other pathologies, damage to cerebral microvasculature should be considered a likely candidate.

title: @entity1 with XXXX due to microvascular pathology have significant hippocampal @entity528 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6249 :: ('MESH:D059345', 'Disease') :: ['SVD', 'small vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1294 :: ('MESH:D015140', 'Disease') :: ['subcortical vascular dementia']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathological abnormality']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy', 'cerebral atrophy']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal loss']

answer: @entity1294 :: (MESH:D015140,Disease) :: ['vascular dementia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Local anesthetics are commonly used in the @entity341 ( @entity341 ). @entity1445 can lead to disastrous complications including @entity1370 and arrest. Recognition of local anesthetic systemic @entity137 (LAST) is important; however, prevention is even more critical. Knowledge of proper @entity3303 dosage can prevent LAST. LAST may be effectively treated with lipid emulsion therapy. Although the mechanism is not well understood, its use may have a profound impact on morbidity and mortality. CASE REPORT: Fifty milliliters of 2% @entity3303 was infiltrated for local anesthesia in a 35-year-old @entity1 during the incision and drainage of a @entity733 . Following the procedure, the @entity1 @entity391 , with rapid progression to an altered mental state and @entity410 requiring endotracheal intubation for airway protection. Suspecting @entity3303 @entity137 , intralipids were ordered. While waiting for the intralipids, the @entity1 decompensated and suffered pulseless electrical activity ( @entity3587 ) @entity1167 . A 100-mL bolus of 20% intralipids was administered 3 minutes into the resuscitation, after which return of spontaneous circulation occurred. The intralipid bolus was then followed by a continuous infusion of 0.25 mL/kg/minute, for an infusion dose of 930 mL. Despite a complicated hospital course, the @entity1 was discharged home neurologically intact. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: We believe this @entity1 's @entity65 was secondary to an iatrogenic @entity1445 of @entity3303 . This is one of the first cases to support the efficacy of intravenous lipids in the treatment of LAST in @entity1 in the @entity341 .

title: @entity3303 -Induced XXXX in the Emergency Department: Effectiveness of Lipid Therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'humans', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity1445 :: ('MESH:D062787', 'Disease') :: ['Overdoses', 'overdose']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['complained of vomiting']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity733 :: ('MESH:D000038', 'Disease') :: ['labial abscess']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular collapse']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac toxicity']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['Cardiac Arrest']


abstract: The aim was to describe the clinical orthopedic implications of oligofructose overload. A group of 8 nonpregnant dairy heifers were given an oral dose of @entity11276 (17 g/kg of body weight). At predefined times during a period spanning 3 d before and 9 d after oligofructose overload, the heifers underwent a clinical examination including locomotion scoring, hoof-testing, and palpation of tarso-crural joints, as well as the collection of blood and ruminal fluid samples. Locomotion sessions were videotaped; subsequently, locomotion was blind-scored. Locomotion scores increased after oligofructose overload and declined toward the end of the study period. The greatest locomotion scores were recorded on d 3 to 5 (60 to 120 h) where 12 of 42 (29%) locomotion scores were 3 and 13 of 42 (32%) were score 2. Positive reactions to hoof-testing were observed from 30 h after oligofructose overload and reached a maximum on d 7 and 9 where 12 of 28 (43%) reactions were marked positive. @entity2720 was observed from 24 h after oligofructose overload, with maximum distension being observed on d 2, in which 44 of 56 (79%) of observed joints were either moderately or severely distended. The heifers developed classic signs of acute ruminal and systemic @entity520 after the oligofructose overload (ruminal pH 4.3 +/- 0.07, standard base excess -10.8 +/- 2.3 at 18 h). With few exceptions, clinical and laboratory variables returned to normal within 9 d of oligofructose overload. But, good body condition and previous feeding with grass apparently predisposed the heifers to more severe systemic affection. Oligofructose overload in dairy heifers induced ruminal and systemic @entity520 , @entity294 , @entity2700 , and, subsequently, @entity1273 , @entity158 , and joint effusion, collectively interpreted as signs of acute laminitis. Oligofructose overload at 17 g/kg of body weight represented a relatively mild laminitis model in @entity291 , as demonstrated by a reasonably quick recovery from systemic as well as orthopedic signs.

title: XXXX overload induces @entity1273 in @entity291 .

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity11276 :: ('MESH:C120489', 'Chemical') :: ['oligofructose']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['claw pain']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['Distension of the tarso-crural joints']

answer: @entity11276 :: (MESH:C120489,Chemical) :: ['Oligofructose']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Stiffening of large arteries can result in changes of cardiac structure and function by increasing afterload to the left ventricle. Calcification has been proposed as a mechanism underlying progression of arterial stiffening. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between @entity730 , arterial stiffening, @entity4346 , and @entity67 . METHODS: One hundred and sixty-four @entity101 elderly (>= 65 years old) male @entity1 with normal left ventricular systolic function (left ventricular ejection fraction >= 55%) underwent transthoracic echocardiography, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and noncontrast computed tomography. Coronary artery @entity460 score and aorta @entity460 score (ACS) were measured on noncontrast computed tomography using the volume method. Left ventricular dimensions, mitral inflow velocities, and early mitral annular (E') velocity were measured using transthoracic echocardiography. The left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was calculated. RESULTS: The logACS was associated with mean baPWV (r=0.387, P=0.001), LVMI (r=0.241, P<0.002), E' velocity (r=-0.293, P<0.001), and E/E' (r=0.194, P=0.013), suggesting arterial stiffening, increased left ventricular mass, and @entity67 in @entity1 with raised ACS. On multivariate analysis, the LVMI showed an independent positive association with the logACS, even after adjusting for various clinical variables and the coronary artery @entity460 score (P=0.009). Similarly, E' velocity also demonstrated an independent negative association with the logACS on multivariate analysis (P=0.003). The mean baPWV, LVMI, and E' velocity showed similar correlations with both @entity1514 and abdominal ACS, even when @entity1514 and abdominal @entity460 scores were calculated separately. CONCLUSION: Heavy @entity730 and resultant arterial stiffening might underlie @entity4346 and @entity67 in elderly male @entity1 with @entity101 .

title: @entity730 is associated with arterial stiffening, @entity4346 , and @entity67 in elderly male @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['aortic calcification']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between use of @entity2162 ( @entity2162 ) agonist drugs during pregnancy and risk for @entity72 ( @entity72 ). METHODS: A case-control study was conducted by using Denmark's health and population registers. Among @entity1 born between 1997 and 2006, 5200 cases with @entity72 admission diagnoses and 52   000 controls without @entity72 were identified and individually matched on month and year of birth. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) for any @entity2162 agonist exposure during pregnancy, preconception, and by trimester. RESULTS: In total, 3.7% of cases and 2.9% of controls were exposed to B2ARs during pregnancy. Use of B2ARs during pregnancy was associated with increased risk of @entity72 , even after adjustment for maternal @entity565 and other covariates (OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1-1.5). The elevated risk was observed with use of @entity2162 during preconception (OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0-1.6), first trimester (OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1-1.5), second trimester (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1-1.7), and the third trimester (OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-1.7). There was some evidence that longer @entity2162 within-pregnancy use was associated with the increased risk. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2162 agonist exposure during pregnancy may be associated with an increased risk for @entity72 . If the effect is real, any intervention must be balanced against benefits of indicated medication use by pregnant @entity1 .

title: In utero Exposure to XXXX Agonist Drugs and Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorders.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children']

entities_list: @entity2162 :: ('154', 'Gene') :: ['b-2-adrenergic receptor', 'B2AR']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['ASD', 'autism spectrum disorders']

answer: @entity2162 :: (154,Gene) :: ['b-2-Adrenergic Receptor']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The effect of increased fluid intake on kidney function is unclear. This study evaluates the relationship between urine volume and renal decline over 6 years in a large community-based cohort. DESIGN, SETTING, @entity1 , _ MEASUREMENTS: This prospective cohort study was undertaken in Canada from 2002 to 2008. We obtained 24-hour urine samples from adult @entity1 with an estimated @entity5017 (eGFR) >= 60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) at study entry. Percentage annual change in eGFR from baseline was categorized as average decline <1% per year, between 1% and 4.9% (mild-to-moderate decline) or >= 5% (rapid decline). RESULTS: 2148 @entity1 provided valid 24-hour urine samples, grouped as <1 L/d (14.5%); 1 to 1.9 L/d (51.5%); 2 to 2.9 L/d (26.3%); and >= 3 L/d (7.7%). Baseline eGFR for each category of urine volume was 90, 88, 84, and 87 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), respectively. Overall, eGFR declined by 1% per year, with 10% demonstrating rapid decline and 40% demonstrating mild-to-moderate decline. An inverse, graded relationship was evident between urine volume and eGFR decline: For each increasing category of 24-hour urine volume, percentage annual eGFR decline was progressively slower, from 1.3%, 1.0%, 0.8%, to 0.5%, respectively; P = 0.02. Compared with those with urine volume 1 to 1.9 L/d, those with urine volume >= 3 L/d were significantly less likely to demonstrate mild-to-moderate decline (adjusted odds ratio 0.66; 95% confidence interval 0.46 to 0.94) or rapid decline (adjusted odds ratio 0.46; 95% confidence interval 0.23 to 0.92); adjusted for age, gender, baseline eGFR, medication use for @entity101 (including diuretics), @entity644 , @entity6 , and @entity65 . CONCLUSIONS: In this community-based cohort, decline in kidney function was significantly slower in those with higher versus lower urine volume.

title: Urine volume and change in estimated XXXX in a community-based cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity5017 :: (9771,Gene) :: ['GFR']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The initial management of a @entity130 @entity1 often involves imaging in the form of x-rays, computed tomography (CT) and other radiographic studies, which expose the @entity1 to ionizing radiation, an entity known to cause tissue injury and @entity5 at high doses. The purpose of this study was to use a calculation-based method to determine the radiation exposure of @entity130 @entity1 undergoing @entity130 team activation in a Canadian tertiary-care @entity130 centre. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted using the Nova Scotia Provincial @entity130 Registry. All @entity1 age 16 years old and over who underwent @entity130 team activation between @entity3490 , 2008 and @entity3490 , 2009 were included. @entity1 who died prior to imaging tests were excluded. Dose reports for each CT were used to calculate a whole-body radiation dose for each @entity1 . RESULTS: There were 230 @entity130 team activations during the study period, of which 206 had CT imaging. Data were available for 162 @entity1 . The mean whole-body radiation exposure for all @entity1 was 24.4  10.3 @entity2073 , which may correlate to one additional @entity5 death for every 100 @entity130 @entity1 scanned. CONCLUSIONS: @entity130 @entity1 are exposed to significant amounts of radiation during their initial @entity130 work-up, which may increase the risk of fatal @entity5 . Clinicians who care for these @entity1 must be aware of the radiation exposure, and take measures to limit radiation exposure of @entity130 @entity1 .

title: Radiation Exposure From CT Scanning in the Resuscitative Phase of @entity130 Care: A Level One XXXX Centre Experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the most effective pharmacological intervention and to bring recommendations for decision-making in the management of adults with @entity161 with @entity146 . METHODS: A clinical practice guideline was elaborated under the parameters of the Methodological Guide of the Ministerio de Salud y Protecci  n Social to identify, synthesize and evaluate the evidence and make recommendations about the treatment and follow-up of adult @entity1 with @entity161 . The evidence of NICE guide 82 was adopted and updated. The evidence was presented to the Guideline Developing Group and recommendations, employing the GRADE system, were produced. RESULTS: It is recommended the use of parenteral drugs in all @entity2146 @entity1 who does not respond to the measures of persuasion. The drugs with better evidence on effectiveness (control of violent behavior) are @entity1767 and @entity1245 , administered jointly or individually. @entity1037 is also an option considering that should only be used in institutions where a psychiatrist is available 24hours. @entity1280 can be considered as a second-line drug. The information about the side effects associated with these drugs is insufficient and has low quality. CONCLUSION: Violent behavior in adults with @entity161 represents a risk for themselves and for those around them, so the opportune implementation of interventions aimed to calm the @entity1 , in order to prevent potential negative outcomes is necessary. It is recommended to initiate these interventions with measures of verbal persuasion, and if these measures are not effective, appropriate use of parenteral drugs: @entity1767 and @entity1245 as first-line and @entity1037 and @entity1280 as second choices.

title: [Pharmacological Treatment for Adult Diagnosed With @entity161 With XXXX or Violent Behavior].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['violent behavior or agitation']

entities_list: @entity1280 :: ('MESH:C092292', 'Chemical') :: ['ziprasidone', 'Ziprasidone']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['Olanzapine', 'olanzapine']

answer: @entity2146 :: (MESH:D011595,Disease) :: ['Agitation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to study the magnitude of the placebo effect associated with sham surgery procedures. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We conducted a systematic search for randomized controlled clinical trials comparing any type of surgery to a corresponding sham placebo group and compared improvements in the sham treatment arms in subjective, objective, categorical, and continuous outcomes, as well as complication rates and mortality. Effect sizes were reported as standardized mean differences (SMDs). This is a systematic review and meta-analysis. RESULTS: The overall effect size for @entity158 improvement after sham surgery was @entity7126  =  0.22 (95% confidence interval [CI]  =  0.08-0.35) with improvement most marked at 1 month ( @entity7126  =  0.34, 95% CI  =  0.26-0.43). There was a higher rate of improvement in subjective outcomes compared to objective outcomes for both dichotomized (number of @entity1 with improvement) (42.8% compared to 27.1%) and continuous outcomes ( @entity7126  =  0.12, 95% CI  =  -0.05, 0.30 vs. @entity7126  =  -0.01, 95% CI  =  -0.05, 0.03). There were no deaths in the sham treatment arms and major complications were very rare (0.2%, 95% CI  =  0.0-0.6%). CONCLUSION: Sham surgery is associated with a large improvement in @entity158 and other subjective @entity1 -reported outcomes but with relatively small effect on objective outcomes. Sham surgeries are overwhelmingly safe. The magnitude of this effect should be used when planning future sham-controlled surgery trials.

title: Sham surgical procedures for @entity158 intervention result in significant improvements in XXXX : systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: We recently reported the isolation of a unique subpopulation of @entity1 stromal cells from bone marrow (BM) termed marrow-isolated adult multilineage inducible (MIAMI) cells, capable of differentiating in vitro into mature-like cells from all three germ layers. The @entity26 tension ( @entity4095 ) in BM ranges from 1 to 7%, which prompted us to examine the role of @entity4095 in regulating the capacity of MIAMI cells both to self-renew and maintain their pluripotentiality ( @entity3308 ) or to progress toward osteoblastic differentiation. MIAMI cells were grown under low- @entity4095 conditions (1, 3, 5, and 10% @entity26 ) or air (21% @entity26 ). The proliferation rate of cells exposed to 3% @entity26 (3 days) increased, resulting in cell numbers more than threefold higher than those of cells exposed to air (at 7 days). In cells grown under osteoblastic differentiation conditions, the expression of the osteoblastic markers osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein, @entity8088 , and @entity8087 and alkaline phosphatase activity was upregulated when incubated in air; however, it was blocked at low (3%) @entity4095 . Similarly, biomineralization of long-term cell cultures was high under osteoblastic differentiation conditions in air but was undetectable at low (3%) @entity4095 . In contrast, low @entity4095 upregulated mRNAs for @entity4729 , @entity21547 , telomerase reverse transcriptase, and @entity519 -inducible factor-1 alpha, and increased the expression of SSEA-4 compared to air. Moreover, the expression of embryonic stem cell markers was sustained even under osteogenic culture conditions. Similar results were obtained using commercially available marrow stromal cells. We hypothesize a physiological scenario in which primitive MIAMI cells self-renew while localized to areas of low @entity4095 in the bone marrow, but tend to differentiate toward osteoblasts when they are located closer to blood vessels and exposed to higher @entity4095 . Our results strongly suggest that maintaining developmentally primitive @entity1 cells in vitro at low @entity4095 would be more physiological and favor @entity3308 over differentiation.

title: Low XXXX tension inhibits osteogenic differentiation and enhances @entity3308 of @entity1 MIAMI cells.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: @entity150 is a highly prevalent @entity1 disease in which @entity995 ( @entity995 ) pathway inactivation and epigenetic alterations are common events. However, the connection between these two processes is still poorly understood. Here, we show that the in vivo inactivation of all @entity995 family genes in the @entity19 urothelium is sufficient to initiate @entity150 development. The characterization of the @entity19 @entity5 revealed multiple molecular features of @entity1 @entity150 , including the activation of E2F transcription factor and subsequent @entity16719 expression and the activation of several signaling pathways previously identified as highly relevant in @entity5 . These @entity19 represent a genetically defined model for @entity1 high-grade superficial @entity150 . Whole transcriptional characterizations of @entity19 and @entity1 @entity150 revealed a significant overlap and confirmed the predominant role for @entity16719 in the downregulation of gene expression programs. Importantly, the increased @entity5 recurrence and progression in @entity1 @entity1 with superficial @entity150 is associated with increased E2F and @entity16719 expression and @entity16719 -mediated gene expression repression. Collectively, our studies provide a genetically defined model for @entity1 high-grade superficial @entity150 and demonstrate the existence of an @entity995 -E2F- @entity16719 axis in bladder whose disruption can promote @entity5 development. @entity5 Res; 74(22); 1-13.   2014 AACR.

title: In Vivo Disruption of an @entity995 -E2F- @entity16719 Signaling Loop Causes XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer', 'urothelial tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['Bladder cancer', 'bladder tumors', 'bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['retinoblastoma', 'Rb']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['Bladder Cancer']


abstract: Constipation is a common childhood complaint. In 90% to 95% of @entity1 , @entity1142 is functional, which means that there is no objective evidence of an underlying pathological condition. @entity968 ( @entity970 or @entity968 ) solution is an osmotic laxative agent that is absorbed in only trace amounts from the gastrointestinal tract and routinely used to treat chronic @entity1142 in adults. Here, we report the results of a meta-analysis of @entity970 -based laxatives compared with @entity11884 , milk of magnesia ( @entity14337 ), oral liquid @entity982 (mineral oil), or acacia fiber, @entity40715 fiber, and @entity948 in @entity1 . This meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and involved searches of MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases up to February 10, 2014, using the keywords (Constipation OR Functional Constipation OR Fecal Impaction) AND ( @entity1 ) AND ( @entity968 OR Laxative). Primary efficacy outcomes included a number of stool passages/wk and percentage of @entity1 who reported satisfactory stool consistency. Secondary safety outcomes included @entity294 , @entity490 , @entity390 or @entity391 , @entity158 or straining at defecation, @entity11035 or flatulence, hard stool consistency, poor palatability, and @entity548 . We identified 231 articles, 27 of which were suitable for full-text review and 10 of which were used in the meta-analysis. @entity1 who were treated with @entity970 experienced more successful disimpaction compared with those treated with non- @entity970 laxatives. Treatment-related adverse events were acceptable and generally well tolerated. @entity970 -based laxatives are effective and safe for chronic @entity1142 and for resolving fecal impaction in @entity1 . @entity1 's acceptance of @entity970 -based laxatives appears to be better than non- @entity970 laxatives. Optimal dosages, routes of administration, and @entity970 regimens should be determined in future randomized controlled studies and meta-analyses.

title: Efficacy and complications of @entity968 for treatment of @entity1142 in XXXX : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Children', 'Patients', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity11884 :: ('MESH:D007792', 'Chemical') :: ['lactulose']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['rectal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity948 :: ('MESH:D005632', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity14337 :: ('MESH:D008276', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium hydroxide']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['Polyethylene Glycol', 'macrogol', 'Polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report a series of consecutive cases for which a lotrafilcon A @entity1346 hydrogel soft contact lens was used in therapeutic applications. METHODS: Three practitioners in Spain, Denmark, and Germany supplied 41 consecutive case reports of 39 @entity1 for whom a lotrafilcon A @entity1346 hydrogel soft contact lens was used in therapeutic applications. Applications included @entity2681 , @entity2372 , @entity3279 , @entity3985 , @entity3283 , entropion, and use after corneal surgeries. Practitioners reported their judgments of @entity158 relief, change in corneal signs by slitlamp evaluation, additional complications, and success of therapeutic lens treatment. Twenty cases of completed treatment and 21 cases of ongoing treatment were reported. RESULTS: Complete @entity158 relief was reported for 78% of all cases, with 94% of all cases reporting @entity158 relief of 50% or higher. Corneal signs were restored to normal for 74% of all cases, with 100% of all cases showing at least partial improvement. No additional complications were reported in 83% of all cases. Therapeutic contact lens application was judged fully successful for 71% of all cases, with 93% of all cases showing at least partial improvement. CONCLUSION: The high- @entity26 permeable (Dk) lotrafilcon A lens met or exceeded the outcomes reported from historic reports of therapeutic applications of low-Dk soft contact lenses. Although the case reporting conditions vary among the historic studies and from the current study, this study indicates that success may be improved with the lotrafilcon A high-Dk lens.

title: Retrospective case series of therapeutic applications of lotrafilcon a XXXX hydrogel soft contact lenses.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2372 :: ('MESH:C562399', 'Disease') :: ['bullous keratopathy']

entities_list: @entity2681 :: ('MESH:D014077', 'Disease') :: ['erosion or recurrent erosion']

entities_list: @entity3985 :: ('MESH:D003317', 'Disease') :: ['corneal dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity3283 :: ('MESH:D003320', 'Disease') :: ['neurotrophic corneal ulcer']

entities_list: @entity3279 :: ('MESH:D015715', 'Disease') :: ['corneal edema']

answer: @entity1346 :: (MESH:D012828,Chemical) :: ['silicone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study sought to evaluate the @entity137 and curative effect of @entity2600 plus @entity900 neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for stage @entity3847 , IIa2, and IIb @entity5 @entity1 . METHODS: A total of 219 @entity1 were randomly assigned to two groups: 109 @entity1 were treated with 1-2 cycles of chemotherapy (NACT group), and 110 @entity1 in the control group were treated directly with surgery (DS group). @entity1 in the NACT group were randomly assigned to two groups: 50 @entity1 were treated with @entity2600 plus @entity900 followed by surgery (IP group), and 59 @entity1 were treated with @entity1311 plus @entity900 followed by surgery (TP group). @entity1 with pathological recurrence risk factors received post-operative radiotherapy. RESULTS: Survival analysis revealed no significant difference in disease-free survival (DFS) or @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) between the NACT and DS groups. Analysis of clinicopathologic factors showed that the lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) and deep stromal invasion rates were significantly lower in the NACT group. Grade 3/4 @entity1398 and grade 3/4 @entity294 were both higher in the IP group than in the TP group. DFS and @entity1349 were similar in the IP and TP groups. Univariate analysis showed that LVSI was the only factor associated with DFS. CONCLUSION: NACT did not improve @entity1349 but did reduce the number of @entity1 who received post-operative radiotherapy. NACT consisting of @entity2600 plus @entity900 for @entity5 showed similar efficacy and higher @entity137 compared with the use of @entity1311 plus @entity900 , although the @entity137 was tolerable.

title: The efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced XXXX : A randomized multicenter study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: For anatomical and technical reasons, many transplant centers restrict laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy (in contrast with open live donor nephrectomy) to left kidneys. HYPOTHESIS: This change in surgical practice increases procurement and transplantation rates of live donor kidneys with @entity8 (RAs), without affecting donor and recipient outcomes. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective review at an academic tertiary care referral center comparing laparoscopically procured single vs multiple-RA kidney grafts (April 1997 to October 2000). @entity1 : Seventy-nine consecutive left laparoscopic live kidney donors and 78 transplant recipients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Donor and recipient complications and postoperative length of stay; cold and warm @entity63 time; operating time; short-term and long-term graft function; and survival. RESULTS: We noted multiple RAs in 21 (27%) of all kidneys. The proportion of donors with 1 or more perioperative complications was 19% in the single-RA group vs 10% in the multiple-RA group (P was not significant). For the recipients, we noted no significant differences between groups with respect to surgical complications, quality of early and late graft function, rejection rates, graft losses (all immunologic), and graft survival. Cold and warm @entity63 time and length of stay were similar for donors and recipients in both groups. Median operating times were significantly longer for the multiple-RA vs single-RA group (difference, 41 minutes for donors and 45 minutes for recipients; P<.02). CONCLUSIONS: While the introduction of laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy has significantly increased the number of grafts with multiple RAs (compared with historical open controls), this change in practice is safe for both donors and recipients from a @entity1 outcome-based perspective. However, from an economic perspective, the longer operating time associated with multiple-RA grafts provides strong added rationale for optimization of surgical instruments and techniques to make right-sided laparoscopic nephrectomy a routine intervention.

title: @entity8 with XXXX in the laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy era: surgical technique and surgical and nonsurgical donor and recipient outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['multiple renal arteries']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['multiple renal arteries']


abstract: Erchen decoction (ECD) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, which is used in the treatment of @entity28 , @entity407 , @entity1560 , @entity6 , @entity101 , and other diseases caused by retention of phlegm dampness. In this study we investigated the potential mechanism of ECD, using metabolism-disabled @entity19 induced by high-fat diet. Body weight and abdominal circumference were detected. OGTT was measured by means of collecting blood samples from the tail vein. Blood lipid levels and insulin were measured using biochemical assay kit. Real-time PCR was used to measure the @entity68779 gene expression and western blot was used to measure the protein expression. Through the research, it was found that ECD showed markedly lower body weight and abdominal circumference than those in the HFD group. Consistently, we observed that ECD significantly improved @entity413 tolerance, promoted the secretion of insulin and decreased the level of TG, TC level. Meanwhile, we observed significantly increased @entity68779 mRNA and protein level in the ECD group. Therefore, we speculate that the potential molecular mechanism of ECD is to promote the @entity68779 expression, ameliorate islet cell function, and raise insulin levels to regulate the @entity209 .

title: Erchen Decoction Prevents High-Fat Diet Induced XXXX in C57BL/6 @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['fatty liver']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disorder']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['Metabolic Disorders']


abstract: We investigated the impact of molecular mimicry between pathogenic microbes and their antigenic surrounding on the clinical course and outcome of @entity55 induced @entity295 . Using mathematical prediction, we estimated the mimicry tendency of the identified pathogenic flora of @entity1 with the @entity1 proteome as well as intestinal microbes. Since gut bacteria become invasive and hostile in @entity3124 , mimicry between these organisms and the infectious flora is expected to be rather hyperinflammatory type, in contrast to the expectedly tolerogenic self versus pathogen cross-reactions. Differential effects of these two kinds of cross-reactions were studied. The predicted similarity of the identified pathogenic flora and intestinal microbes was higher in non-survivor @entity1 compared to survivors (P=0.019). Higher values of "pathogen versus intestinal flora/pathogen versus @entity1 proteome" mimicry ratios (inflammatory quotients) were associated with mortality at a higher extent of significance (P<0.01), and correlated with admission APACHE II disease severity scores (R=0.311; P=0.017). We also found a correlation between the previously reported @entity295 mortality rates by causative agent and the corresponding inflammatory quotients of these pathogens (R=0.738; P<0.05). Gram negative species showed higher similarity to intestinal bacteria and reached higher inflammatory quotients compared to Gram positives (P=0.01 and P<0.01, respectively). The disadvantageous effect of "pathogen versus intestinal flora" mimicry - presumably due to the extension of @entity32 from the infectious focus to the already injured gut - is in accordance with the gut-lymph hypothesis, assessing that the destruction of the intestinal symbiosis culminates in the formation of damageous gut origin lymph. Our results raise the idea that molecular mimicry between pathogenic microbes and their antigenic surrounding might be a contributing factor behind the clinically and experimentally observed differences in microbiologically distinct forms of @entity1850 .

title: Impact of molecular mimicry on the clinical course and outcome of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critical illness']

entities_list: @entity1850 :: ('MESH:D018746', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis syndrome']

answer: @entity1850 :: (MESH:D018746,Disease) :: ['sepsis syndrome']