abstract: PURPOSE: This study reviewed the long-term outcome of @entity1 who underwent open repair of infrarenal @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ). METHODS: A retrospective study of 208 @entity1 (188 @entity1 and 20 @entity1 ) with a mean age of 65.6 years who survived elective or emergency open repair of an infrarenal AAA was conducted at a university referral hospital. Main outcome measures included late graft-related complications, survival free from any reintervention, survival free from any vascular reintervention, and overall survival rates. RESULTS: Late graft-related complications occurred in 32 @entity1 (15.4%). A proximal para-anastomotic @entity2849 developed in six @entity1 (2.9%), and a distal @entity2849 developed in 18 @entity1 (8.7%); in seven of these cases (3.4%), it was bilateral or recurrent. A graft limb occlusion occurred in 11 @entity1 (5.3%). These complications required 37 surgical or other invasive procedures in 27 @entity1 (13.0%). Thirty-one vascular and/or endovascular reoperations were performed. The 5-year, 10-year, and 15-year survival free from any reintervention rates were 91.5%, 86.2%, and 72.0%, respectively. At the same intervals, the survival free from any vascular reintervention rates were 93.8%, 88.5%, and 73.9%, respectively, and the overall survival rates were 66.8%, 39.4%, and 18.0%, respectively. Complications associated with a ruptured femoral @entity2849 , a ruptured aortic @entity2849 , an @entity292 , and the elective repair of a femoral @entity2849 were the graft-related causes of @entity204 , which occurred in four @entity1 (1.9%). Age (P <.0001) and @entity1030 (P =.002) were shown by means of multivariate analysis to be predictive of poor survival outcome, and @entity1030 (P =.02) and lower limb @entity63 (P =.04) were shown to be associated with an increased need for vascular reinterventions to treat graft-related complications. CONCLUSION: Open repair of infrarenal @entity1028 can achieve satisfactory 15-year follow-up rates of survival free from reintervention for any graft-related complications, suggesting that surgery should still be considered the procedure of choice for infrarenal @entity1028 , at least in @entity1 who are fit for surgery.

title: Durability of open repair of XXXX : a 15-year follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['aortoduodenal fistula']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms', 'AAAs']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm', 'artery pseudoaneurysm']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Extrarenal adverse effects (AEs) associated with @entity9909 (CNI) and @entity3442 ( @entity3443 ) occur frequently but are unpredictable posttransplant complications. AEs may result from intracellular CNI accumulation and low activity of P-glycoprotein, encoded by the @entity1262 gene. Since @entity1262 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and sex influence P-glycoprotein, we investigated haplotypes and extrarenal AEs.A prospective, cross-sectional study evaluated 149 @entity1 receiving @entity1140 and enteric coated mycophenolate @entity1372 or @entity205 and @entity618 . Immunosuppressive AE assessment determined individual and composite gastrointestinal, neurologic, aesthetic, and cumulative AEs. Lipids were quantitated after 12-hour fast. @entity1262 SNPs: @entity7656 ( @entity18595 ), @entity36482 ( @entity18597 ), and @entity18598 ( @entity18599 ) were determined with haplotype associations computed using the THESIAS program, and evaluated by immunosuppression, sex and race using multivariate general linear models.Tacrolimus @entity1 exhibited more frequent and higher gastrointestinal AE scores compared with @entity205 with association to CTT (P=0.018) and sex (P=0.01). Aesthetic AE score was 3 times greater for @entity205 with TTC haplotype (P=0.005). Females had higher gastrointestinal (P=0.022), aesthetic (P<0.001), neurologic (P=0.022), and cumulative AE ratios (P<0.001). Total @entity165 (TCHOL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and @entity1674 were higher with @entity205 . The TTC haplotype had higher TCHOL (P<0.001) and LDL (P=0.005). Higher @entity412 (P=0.034) and lower high-density lipoproteins (P=0.057) were associated with TTT with sex-adjusted analysis. @entity1262 haplotypes and sex were associated with extrarenal AEs. Using haplotypes, certain female @entity1 manifested more AEs regardless of CNI. Haplotype testing may identify @entity1 with greater susceptibility to AEs and facilitate CNI individualization.

title: Association of Extrarenal Adverse Effects of Posttransplant Immunosuppression With Sex and XXXX Haplotypes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3442 :: ('MESH:D009173', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolic acid']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity9909 :: ('23523', 'Gene') :: ['calcineurin inhibitor']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1262 :: (5243,Gene) :: ['ABCB1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Context: C-peptide positive adults with @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ) have higher circulating total and free @entity442 and lower @entity10116 ( @entity10116 ) than C-peptide negative @entity1 . Whether this is also the case in @entity1 remains unknown. Objective: To examine the IGF-system in @entity1 /adolescents with and without @entity9608 ( @entity9608 ). Design and @entity1 : Cross-sectional study containing 136 pre-pubertal (hereof 15 @entity9608 -positive) and 206 pubertal (hereof 42 @entity9608 -positive) @entity1 /adolescents with @entity1723 for 3-6 years as well as 40 pre-pubertal and 30 pubertal healthy controls. @entity9608 was evaluated by meal-stimulated C-peptide. Main Outcome Measures: Fasting serum levels of bioactive IGF (i.e. the ability of serum to activate the @entity2856 in vitro), total @entity442 , total @entity5100 , and @entity33855 . Results: Irrespective of pubertal status, @entity1 with @entity1723 showed lower bioactive IGF and total @entity442 , but higher @entity10116 as compared to controls (P<0.05). When stratified according to @entity9608 -status, a positive @entity9608 was associated with normalization of all IGF-related peptides but @entity10116 in pre-pubertal @entity1 , (P <0.05), whereas none of the IGF-components were normalized in pre-pubertal, @entity9608 -negative @entity1 . In pubertal @entity1 , total @entity442 and bioactive IGF remained subnormal and @entity10116 supranormal, irrespective of @entity9608 status (P<0.05). Conclusion: Independent of pubertal status, @entity1723 was associated with an abnormal IGF-system. However, a positive @entity9608 -status appeared important, but only in pre-pubertal @entity1 , in whom all IGF-components but @entity10116 were normalized. We speculate that the pubertal GH-surge induces insulin-resistance, which overrides the stimulatory effect that an @entity9608 may exert on the liver-derived IGF-system.

title: Residual b-cell function and the insulin-like growth factor system in Danish @entity1 and adolescents with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity9608 :: ('MESH:D007340', 'Disease') :: ['residual beta-cell function', 'RBF']

entities_list: @entity10116 :: ('3484', 'Gene') :: ['IGFBP-1', 'IGF binding protein 1']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['T1D', 'type 1 diabetes']

answer: @entity1723 :: (MESH:D003922,Disease) :: ['type 1 diabetes']


abstract: A recessive single gene mutant, 7B-1, in @entity523 was originally selected for its photoperiod-dependent male sterility. The 7B-1 mutant also has some pleiotropic effects including reduced light-induced inhibition, i.e. de-etiolation, of the hypocotyl in long days (LD), increased seed size and weight, and reduced transpiration rate. These traits led us to investigate the sensitivity of 7B-1 to exogenous hormones and the interaction of these responses with daylength. In LD, but not in short days (SD), 7B-1 was more sensitive than wild-type (WT) to exogenous @entity2271 ( @entity2272 ) for inhibition of seed germination, root elongation and transpiration rate. 7B-1 mutant also exhibited reduced responses to exogenous @entity15150 (GA(3)) for hypocotyl elongation, and to inhibitors of GA biosynthesis for seed germination and root and hypocotyl elongation. 7B-1 hypocotyls contained a higher level of endogenous @entity2272 than WT in both photoperiods, although @entity2272 levels were higher in LD than in SD. In contrast, growth-active GAs, i.e. GA(1), GA(3) and GA(4), and IAA were low in the mutant hypocotyls. The 7B-1 mutant appears to be an @entity2272 -overproducer, and the photoperiod-regulated @entity2272 levels may be responsible for the @entity56 of the mutant to exogenous @entity2272 .

title: Reduced de-etiolation of hypocotyl growth in a @entity523 mutant is associated with @entity56 to, and high endogenous levels of, XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2271 :: ('MESH:D000040', 'Chemical') :: ['abscisic acid']

entities_list: @entity15150 :: ('CHEBI:28833', 'Chemical') :: ['gibberellin']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

answer: @entity2271 :: (MESH:D000040,Chemical) :: ['abscisic acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in neonates has been introduced as a non-invasive method for studying sensorimotor processing in the developing brain. However, previous neonatal studies have delivered conflicting results regarding localization, lateralization, and directionality of @entity1503 ( @entity1503 ) responses in sensorimotor cortex (SMC). Amongst the confounding factors in interpreting neonatal fMRI studies include the use of standard adult MR-coils providing insufficient signal to noise, and liberal statistical thresholds, compromising clinical interpretation at the single subject level. @entity1 / METHODS: Here, we employed a custom-designed neonatal MR-coil adapted and optimized to the head size of a newborn in order to improve robustness, reliability and validity of neonatal sensorimotor fMRI. Thirteen preterm @entity1 with a median gestational age of 26 weeks were scanned at term-corrected age using a prototype 8-channel neonatal head coil at 3T (Achieva, Philips, Best, NL). Sensorimotor stimulation was elicited by passive extension/flexion of the elbow at 1 Hz in a block design. Analysis of temporal signal to noise ratio (tSNR) was performed on the whole brain and the SMC, and was compared to data acquired with an 'adult' 8 channel head coil published previously. Task-evoked activation was determined by single-subject SPM8 analyses, thresholded at p < 0.05, whole-brain FWE-corrected. RESULTS: Using a custom-designed neonatal MR-coil, we found significant positive @entity1503 responses in contralateral SMC after unilateral passive sensorimotor stimulation in all neonates (analyses restricted to artifact-free data sets = 8/13). Improved imaging characteristics of the neonatal MR-coil were evidenced by additional phantom and in vivo tSNR measurements: phantom studies revealed a 240% global increase in tSNR; in vivo studies revealed a 73% global and a 55% local (SMC) increase in tSNR, as compared to the 'adult' MR-coil. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings strengthen the importance of using optimized coil settings for neonatal fMRI, yielding robust and reproducible SMC activation at the single subject level. We conclude that functional lateralization of SMC activation, as found in @entity1 and adults, is already present in the newborn period.

title: Functional Laterality of Task-Evoked Activation in Sensorimotor Cortex of Preterm XXXX : An Optimized 3 T fMRI Study Employing a Customized Neonatal Head Coil.

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['BOLD', 'blood oxygenation level dependent']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'PATIENTS', 'infants']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Infants']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Early @entity75 are thought to be the initial findings of fibrogenesis in @entity16058 , but little is known about their properties. Type IV collagen comprises six gene products, a1-a6, and although it is known as a major basement membrane component, its abnormal deposition is seen in @entity75 of certain organs. We studied the expression of type I and III collagen and all a chains of type IV collagen in lung specimens from @entity1 with @entity2416 ( @entity2416 ) or @entity3616 ( @entity3616 ) via immunohistochemistry. With cultured lung fibroblasts, we analyzed the expression and function of all a chains of type IV collagen via immunohistochemistry, western blotting, real-time quantitative PCR, and a Boyden chamber migration assay after the knockdown of a1 and a2 chains. Although we observed @entity1413 in early @entity75 of both @entity2416 and @entity3616 , we found type IV collagen, especially a1 and a2 chains, in early @entity75 of @entity2416 but not @entity3616 . Fibroblasts enhanced the expression of a1 and a2 chains of type IV collagen after transforming growth factor-b1 stimulation. Small interfering RNA against a1 and a2 chains increased fibroblast migration, with upregulated phosphorylation of @entity3818 ( @entity3818 ), and adding medium containing fibroblast-produced a1 and a2 chains reduced the increased levels of fibroblast migration and phosphorylation of @entity3818 . Fibroblasts in @entity3616 were positive for phosphorylated @entity3818 but fibroblasts in @entity2416 were not. These results suggest that fibroblasts in @entity2416 with type IV collagen deposition, especially a1 and a2 chains, have less ability to migrate from early @entity75 than fibroblasts in @entity3616 without type IV collagen deposition. Thus, type IV collagen deposition in early @entity75 of @entity2416 may be implicated in refractory pathophysiology including @entity75 fibroblasts via a @entity3818 pathway.Laboratory Investigation advance online publication, 25 May 2015; doi:10.1038/labinvest.2015.66.

title: Role of a1 and a2 chains of type IV collagen in early XXXX of @entity16058 and migration of lung fibroblasts.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity16058 :: ('MESH:D054988', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic interstitial pneumonias']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['migration of lesion', 'fibrotic lesions']

entities_list: @entity3616 :: ('MESH:D018549', 'Disease') :: ['organizing pneumonia', 'OP']

entities_list: @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['UIP', 'usual interstitial pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity3818 :: ('5747', 'Gene') :: ['FAK', 'focal adhesion kinase']

entities_list: @entity1413 :: ('MESH:D003095', 'Disease') :: ['type I and III collagens']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['fibrotic lesions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the summating potential and action potential ratio (SP:AP) in @entity1 with @entity9303 before and after various surgical and medical treatments as an indication of change in endolymphatic hydrops to study the progression of @entity9303 . STUDY DESIGN: The study design was a retrospective case review. SETTING: The study was conducted at an otology-neurotology referral center. @entity1 : Eighty-eight ears of 84 @entity1 with @entity9303 received medical treatment in 18 ears and surgical treatments including endolymphatic shunt in 12 ears, streptomycin perfusion of the lateral semicircular canal in 9 ears, @entity3639 perfusion of the middle ear in 33 ears, and @entity619 perfusion of the middle ear in 16 ears. INTERVENTION: Transtympanic electrocochleography (ECoG) was performed in all @entity1 before treatment and 1-57 months after treatment (mean, 13.5 months) with a 2-year interval in 28 @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: An enlarged SP:AP ratio (> or = 0.40) was used as the diagnostic criterion for endolymphatic hydrops. RESULTS: Overall, an enlarged SP:AP ratio was found in 75% of ears before treatment and 78% after treatment. The SP:AP ratio, when enlarged, remained enlarged in 91% of ears. A nonenlarged SP:AP ratio before treatment became enlarged after treatment in 41% of ears. In American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery stage 1 @entity9303 (pure-tone threshold average < or = 25 dB), an enlarged SP:AP was found in 58% of ears before treatment and 79% after. Twenty-five (89%) of 28 @entity1 followed for 2 years were free of @entity4237 after treatment, and in 22 @entity1 (79%), the SP:AP remained enlarged. The distribution of an enlarged SP:AP ratio was associated with the duration of disease (chi-square = 33.5552, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The development of endolymphatic hydrops, as indicated by an enlarged SP:AP, is part of the progression of @entity9303 . The longer the duration of the disease, the more likely the SP:AP ratio will be enlarged. These findings indicate that endolymphatic hydrops as detected by ECoG was not reversed in this study by the treatments used. Despite the absence of definitive spells of vertigo in most @entity1 , endolymphatic hydrops as evidenced by an enlarged SP:AP ratio persisted.

title: Summating potential and action potential ratio in XXXX before and after treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity9303 :: ('MESH:D008575', 'Disease') :: ["Meniere's disease"]

entities_list: @entity3639 :: ('MESH:D013307', 'Chemical') :: ['streptomycin']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity4237 :: ('MESH:D000160', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular symptoms']

answer: @entity9303 :: (MESH:D008575,Disease) :: ['Meniere's disease']


abstract: To evaluate prospectively the effect on mortality of wine drinking in Eastern France, we conducted an analysis on 34,014 consecutive middle-aged @entity1 coming for a comprehensive health appraisal between 1978 and 1983. We evaluated education, physical activity, smoking, and drinking habits by a questionnaire. Electrocardiogram, blood pressure, serum total @entity165 , and gamma-glutamyltransferase level were routinely measured. Seventy-seven per cent of the subjects drank wine; there was little difference between social classes in this proportion. We evaluated mortality over 10-15 years of follow-up. We estimated the relative risk (RR) of @entity204 by Cox proportional hazard models using nondrinkers as the reference and adjusting for six covariables. For an intake of 22-32 and 33-54 gm of @entity167 per day, the RR of all-cause @entity204 was 0.70 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.59-0.82] and 0.76 (95% CI = 0.66-0.87), respectively. The lower mortality resulted from fewer deaths from @entity65 and @entity5 . Above 128 gm per day of @entity167 consumption, the RR was 1.37 (95% CI = 1.16-1.61). A moderate intake of wine (2-5 glasses per day) was associated with a 24-31% reduction in all-cause mortality, a proportion that was similar for smokers, ex-smokers, and nonsmokers.

title: XXXX and mortality in middle-aged @entity1 from eastern France.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['Alcohol']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the 10-year results of surgery for @entity3065 and identify factors associated with excellent outcomes and recurrence.    DESIGN: Retrospective, interventional case series.    METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 319 @entity1 who underwent surgical correction at a tertiary medical center for @entity3065 . The main outcome measures were postoperative surgical outcomes and recurrence rates. Excellent lid height was assessed as a @entity3067 ( @entity3067 ) greater than 3 mm. Recurrence was defined as a lid height less than 50% of the initial postoperative lid height. RESULTS: The overall surgical success rate was 97.2%. On multivariate analysis, 3 factors were significantly associated with a greater probability of achieving excellent lid height: treatment using levator muscle resection (LMR) (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.76; P = .04), better preoperative @entity3067 (adjusted OR, 2.21; P < .001), and absence of @entity2300 (jaw-winking) syndrome (adjusted OR, 0.12; P = .01). For recurrence, 7 significant risk factors were identified: @entity1 less than 1 year old (adjusted OR, 4.92; P = .02), poorer preoperative @entity3067 (adjusted OR, 0.64; P = .04), poorer postoperative @entity3067 (adjusted OR, 0.32; P < .001), treatment with frontalis suspension (FS) (adjusted OR, 5.86; P < .001), wound @entity281 (adjusted OR, 9.45; P = .02), postoperative entropion (adjusted OR, 11.25; P = .003), and conjunctival prolapse (adjusted OR, 7.10; P = .03). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the 1-, 5-, and 10-year recurrence-free rates were 97.3    1.2%, 80.5    4.4%, and 76.7    5.6%, respectively, for the LMR group and 90.9    3.1%, 42.9    8.1%, and 20.8    10.1%, respectively, for the FS group (P < .001, log-rank test).    CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of @entity3065 had high success rate. Identifying the risk factors and taking appropriate measures may result in better surgical outcomes and less recurrence. Our retrospective study showed that the likelihood of achieving excellent outcomes with less recurrent rates was higher with LMR than with FS. However, a prospective randomized study is necessary to clarify their efficacy.

title: Factors Associated with Surgical Outcomes in XXXX : A 10-Year Study of 319 Cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3065 :: ('MESH:C566737', 'Disease') :: ['congenital ptosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3067 :: ('MESH:C531609', 'Disease') :: ['marginal reflex distance', 'MRD']

entities_list: @entity2300 :: ('MESH:D011681', 'Disease') :: ['Marcus Gunn']

answer: @entity3065 :: (MESH:C566737,Disease) :: ['Congenital Ptosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity293 ( @entity293 ) are common in the female population and, over a lifetime, about half of @entity1 have at least one episode of UTI requiring antibiotic therapy. The aim of the current study was to compare two different strategies for preventing recurrent @entity2335 : intravesical instillation of hyaluronic acid (HA) plus @entity12006 (CS), and antibiotic prophylaxis with @entity207 plus @entity206 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective review of two different cohorts of @entity1 affected by recurrent @entity2335 . Cases (experimental group) were @entity1 who received intravesical instillations of a sterile solution of high concentration of HA  +  CS in 50  mL water with @entity12374 every week during the 1(st) month and then once monthly for 4 months. The control group included @entity1 who received traditional therapy for recurrent @entity2335 based on daily antibiotic prophylaxis using @entity207 200  mg plus @entity206 40  mg for 6 weeks. RESULTS: Ninety-eight and 76 @entity1 were treated with experimental and control treatments, respectively. At 12 months after treatment, 69 and 109 @entity293 were detected in the experimental and control groups, respectively. The proportion of @entity1 free from @entity293 was significantly higher in the experimental than in the control group (36.7% vs. 21.0%; p  =  0.03). Experimental treatment was well tolerated and none of the @entity1 stopped it. CONCLUSION: The intravesical instillation of HA  +  CS is more effective than long-term antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing recurrent @entity2335 .

title: Is intravesical instillation of hyaluronic acid and XXXX useful in preventing recurrent @entity2335 ? A multicenter case control analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity12006 :: ('MESH:D002809', 'Chemical') :: ['chondroitin sulfate']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity12374 :: ('MESH:D002122', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium chloride']

entities_list: @entity2335 :: ('MESH:D003556', 'Disease') :: ['cystitis', 'bacterial cystitis']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['Urinary tract infections', 'UTIs']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

answer: @entity12006 :: (MESH:D002809,Chemical) :: ['chondroitin sulfate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Allograft rejection is still an important cause of morbidity and mortality after heart transplantation (HTx). Many techniques in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) were investigated to diagnose acute cellular rejection (ACR). However, there is not enough information about late @entity2287 enhancement (LGE) in the myocardium and ACR. METHODS: We prospectively analyzed our consecutive 41 heart transplant recipients who were admitted for routine endomyocardial biopsies. CMR was performed maximum 6 h before the scheduled endomyocardial biopsy. Correlation between LGE in the myocardium and ACR was investigated. RESULTS: Twenty-seven @entity1 showed no rejection, and nine of them had LGE in the myocardium. Fourteen @entity1 had LGE in the left ventricle (LV), and two @entity1 had LGE also in the right ventricle (RV). There was no correlation between LGE and ACR (p=0.879). There was no difference in the @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ), right ventricular fractional area change (RVFAC), and cardiac ischemic time between the groups (p=0.825, p=0.370, and p=0.419, respectively). LGE in the myocardium could be due to previous rejection episodes; therefore, all @entity1 were retrospectively searched for previous rejection grades and number of episodes. Thirty-eight of the 41 @entity1 had a history of one ACR episode, but none of them had a statistically significant correlation with LGE (for grade 1R, p=0.964 and grade 3R, p=1) There was also no correlation between number of rejection episodes history and LGE. CONCLUSION: LGE is not suitable to detect ACR in heart transplant @entity1 . LGE and the history of ACR have no correlation.

title: Diagnostic performance of late XXXX enhancement in the assessment of acute cellular rejection after heart transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular ejection fraction', 'LVEF']

answer: @entity2287 :: (MESH:D005682,Chemical) :: ['gadolinium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The authors analyse the prevalence of subthreshold @entity146 in primary care and their association with the @entity1 's health perception, disability in daily activities and @entity458 . METHODS: Five-hundred and fifty-four primary care @entity1 who completed a two-phase study were administered the Composite International Interview for Primary Health Care (CIDI-PHC) and other self-report measures. Unweighted and weighted prevalence estimates were obtained for @entity1479 and @entity74 defined by specific operational criteria. The impact of @entity74 on health perception, disability in daily activities and @entity458 was analysed by using multiple regression models. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity74 exceeded that of @entity1479 . Subjects with @entity74 reported levels of @entity458 , disability in daily activities and perceived health comparable to those of @entity1 with full-fledged @entity1479 . When we analysed the associated health characteristics of individual @entity74 , we found that each @entity74 was characterized by poorer health perception, after adjusting for comorbidity with defined disorders and @entity221 , age and gender. Disability in daily activities was increased in individuals with subthreshold @entity308 and @entity8396 . LIMITATIONS: The number of cases with subthreshold @entity4697 is very small and does not allow one to draw any definite conclusions on their associated characteristics. To reduce non-response bias related to sampling design and refusals, adjusted sampling weights were computed. Since the study design in Bologna and Verona was different and Bologna @entity1 scoring <4 on the General Health Questionnaire were not interviewed, individuals with minimal distress come from the Verona sample alone. CONCLUSIONS: Because of the prevalence and associated characteristics of @entity74 , primary care physicians should attach adequate importance to the @entity1 's perceived poor health, distress and inability to fulfil daily tasks. The clinical relevance of @entity74 has also potential implications for ongoing revisions of classification systems.

title: Subthreshold XXXX in primary care: prevalence and associated characteristics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1479 :: ('OMIM:252500', 'Disease') :: ['ICD-10 formal disorders', 'ICD-10 disorders']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['panic and somatization']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity8396 :: ('MESH:D000379', 'Disease') :: ['agoraphobia']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['subthreshold disorder', 'subthreshold disorders']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['physical illness']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric disorders']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: African Americans have a greater incidence of @entity2 than whites and have been underrepresented in clinical trials. In the PointBreak trial (pemetrexed- @entity3003 -bevacizumab and maintenance pemetrexed-bevacizumab [PemCBev] vs. @entity1311 - @entity3003 -bevacizumab and maintenance bevacizumab [PacCBev]), 10% of the @entity1 were African American. PointBreak had negative findings; PemCBev did not demonstrate superior @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: PointBreak subgroup efficacy and safety data were retrospectively analyzed: African Americans versus whites for PemCBev; PemCBev versus PacCBev in African Americans; and @entity4207 versus community settings for African Americans. Hazard ratios (HRs) and P values were derived from a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model after adjusting for covariates. RESULTS: Of 939 intent-to-treat (ITT) @entity1 , 94 were African American and 805 were white. African-American enrollment was uniform across the study sites (median, 1 African American per site). In the PemCBev arm, @entity1349 (HR, 1.125; P  = .525), progression-free survival (PFS) (HR, 1.229; P  = .251), response (P  = .607), and @entity137 profiles were similar in African Americans versus whites. For African Americans, @entity1349 (HR, 1.375; P  = .209), PFS (HR, 0.902; P  = .670), response (P  = 1.000), and @entity137 profiles were similar in the PemCBev versus PacCBev arm. For African Americans, no significant differences were seen in @entity1349 (HR, 0.661; P  = .191) or PFS (HR, 0.969; P  = .915) in @entity4207 versus community practice settings. CONCLUSION: In the PemCBev arm, this exploratory analysis showed no significant differences between African Americans and whites for the efficacy outcomes or @entity137 profiles. Consistent with the ITT population negative trial result, for African Americans, the median @entity1349 was not superior for either arm. For African Americans, PFS and @entity1349 were similar in the  @entity4207 and community settings. Additional outcomes data for African Americans should be collected in @entity2 studies.

title: Exploratory Subset Analysis of African Americans From the PointBreak Study: Pemetrexed- @entity3003 -Bevacizumab Followed by Maintenance Pemetrexed-Bevacizumab Versus @entity1311 - XXXX -Bevacizumab Followed by  Maintenance Bevacizumab in @entity1 With Stage IIIB/IV Nonsquamous Non-Small-Cell @entity2 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['Carboplatin']


abstract: Subcutaneously implanted, in vitro engineered tissue is generally affected by the immune system of the host even in autogenous transplantation. The aim of this study was to investigate immunomodulation of subcutaneously implanted tissue-engineered cartilage transplants by intramuscular @entity1667 application. Transplants consisted of auricular @entity95 chondrocytes, @entity1989 - @entity6886 co-polymer fleeces and species-specific fibrin or agarose. The transplants were subcutaneously implanted in the ridge. Thereafter, animals were separated into two groups, one with and one without @entity1667 treatment. The specimens were histologically investigated after 6 and 12 weeks. Fleece fiber degradation was complete after 12 weeks, and all transplants showed areas of @entity730 . The @entity228 -treated group presented pronounced trabecular bone generation without @entity17790 . The untreated group showed sporadic islets of @entity730 without coherent bone formation, and adjacent fibrous tissue had infiltrated the transplants. Native controls and corticoid-treated transplants did not exhibit bone generation or signs of @entity17790 . This study found that immunomodulation by intramuscular @entity1667 application protects tissue-engineered autogenous chondrocyte transplants from @entity17790 and induces trabecular bone formation.

title: Immunomodulation of tissue-engineered transplants: in vivo bone generation from XXXX -stimulated chondrocytes.

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity1989 :: ('CHEBI:60159', 'Chemical') :: ['polylactide']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity6886 :: ('CHEBI:53492', 'Chemical') :: ['polyglycolide']

entities_list: @entity17790 :: ('MESH:D018218', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous tissue infiltration']

answer: @entity1667 :: (MESH:D008775,Chemical) :: ['methylprednisolone']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe the course of @entity1643 and sciatica and to identify clinically important prognostic factors for these conditions. DESIGN: Systematic review. DATA SOURCES: Searches of Medline, Embase, Cinahl, and Science Citation Index and iterative searches of bibliographies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity158 , disability, and return to work. RESULTS: 15 studies of variable methodological quality were included. Rapid improvements in @entity158 (mean reduction 58% of initial scores), disability (58%), and return to work (82% of those initially off work) occurred in one month. Further improvement was apparent until about three months. Thereafter levels for @entity158 , disability, and return to work remained almost constant. 73% of @entity1 had at least one recurrence within 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity1643 and associated disability usually improve rapidly within weeks. None the less, @entity158 and disability are typically ongoing, and recurrences are common.

title: Acute XXXX : systematic review of its prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'People']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['acute low back pain']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['low back pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Ewing's @entity242 , @entity421 , and @entity980 are significantly more responsive to chemotherapy than other @entity242 . Adjuvant chemotherapy is used routinely based on data from randomized trials. Although a percentage of @entity1 with locally advanced or @entity3 remain curable, few data exist regarding the @entity5 's natural history or response and survival in adults. METHODS: This Phase II study evaluated @entity632 , @entity2699 , @entity1260 , and mesna (MAID) in adults with inoperable or metastatic @entity2828 , @entity980 , or @entity421 . RESULTS: Between 1987-1991, 81 @entity1 were entered; 69 @entity1 were eligible. One @entity1 died of @entity281 . Ten @entity1 (14%) responded completely and 34 @entity1 (49%) had a complete or partial response. Response rates were significantly higher for @entity1 with @entity2828 and @entity980 than for those with @entity421 (77%, 64%, and 26%, respectively; P < 0.005). Although there were no significant differences in progression free survival by histology, survival for @entity1 with @entity2828 was significantly longer than for @entity1 with @entity421 (P = 0.004.) At the time of last follow-up, 7 @entity1 (10%) were alive without progression: 3 with @entity2828 , 1 with @entity421 , and 3 with @entity980 . CONCLUSIONS: MAID chemotherapy is an active regimen in adults with advanced or metastatic @entity2828 and @entity980 . Although there was no direct comparison with a @entity632 and @entity900 -based regimen, the response rate and survival in @entity1 with @entity421 suggest that @entity632 and @entity900 -based chemotherapy would remain the accepted initial chemotherapy regimen. For @entity1 with @entity980 and @entity2828 , 10-20% of @entity1 remained disease free at 5 years.

title: A Southwest Oncology Group and @entity5 and Leukemia Group B phase II study of @entity632 , XXXX , @entity1260 , and mesna in adults with advanced @entity421 , @entity2828 , and @entity980 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ["Ewing's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity2699 :: ('MESH:D003606', 'Chemical') :: ['dacarbazine']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic infection']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcomas', 'osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma', 'rhabdomyosarcomas']

answer: @entity2699 :: (MESH:D003606,Chemical) :: ['dacarbazine']


abstract: PURPOSE: The combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is emerging as the new standard modality for the treatment of locally advanced @entity135 , due to the inherent functional and cosmetic sequelae associated with its surgical management. Combination chemotherapy with @entity1487 and @entity900 (FP) is one of the most active regimens for the @entity135 . Furthermore, both agents are known to act as radiosensitizer. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy, feasibility, and the @entity137 of concurrent FP chemotherapy with radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 with histologically proven locally advanced @entity135 (T3-4 or node positive) were enrolled in the study. @entity1 received @entity1487 , 1,000 mg/m2/day, continuously for 4 days, and @entity900 , 75 mg/m2, on day 1. This regimen was given every four weeks. The radiotherapy (45 Gy) was started on day 1 of the first cycle, and administered in 25 fractions. Following a three-week interval, the radiotherapy was resumed on day 1 of the third cycle of chemotherapy, and administered in 15 fractions (27 Gy). RESULTS: Of the 31 eligible @entity1 included, 28 were able to be evaluated for the @entity5 response. The response rate for the 28 @entity1 was 93% (16 complete responses, 10 partial responses). Disease free survival for the 16 complete responders was 37 months (median, 1 ~41 months), with a median follow-up time of 31 months. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were 82%, 69%, and 63%, respectively. Regarding the feasibility of this treatments, only nineteen @entity1 (61%) received the complete courses of scheduled treatments. The median duration of admission for all @entity1 was 39 days. Grade 3 or 4 @entity3136 were observed in 25 @entity1 (83%) and appeared as the dose limiting @entity137 of this regimen. CONCLUSION: Although FP chemotherapy with concurrent radiotherapy is toxic, it is an effective and relatively feasible treatment for locally advanced @entity135 . The majority of @entity1 experienced severe @entity3136 , which appeared as the dose limiting @entity137 of this regimen.

title: @entity1487 and XXXX (FP) with Concurrent Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced @entity135 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['stomatitis']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['Cisplatin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the results of petrosal bone imaging and audiometric long-term follow-up of two @entity1 with @entity5807 and relate them to the clinical features, including caloric responses. STUDY DESIGN: Longitudinal case study. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. @entity1 : A father and son with the @entity5807 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Both @entity1 underwent imaging studies to detect and evaluate @entity389 . Longitudinal audiometric analysis of the hearing threshold data over the previous 23 years was performed. Caloric tests were performed at various ages. RESULTS: The son had a short, wide internal acoustic canal, a hypoplastic cochlea, a plump vestibule, and a wide vestibular aqueduct on both sides; the semicircular canals and endolymphatic sac were of normal size. He showed @entity1274 . Caloric tests disclosed @entity427 on the left side. The father had a plump internal acoustic canal and hypoplastic cochlea on both sides. The left vestibule was hypoplastic, and the @entity8468 was marginally enlarged. He showed severe @entity393 , without substantial progression or fluctuation, and caloric areflexia on the left side. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest a correlation between @entity1274 with @entity1887 and the presence of an @entity15902 in the @entity5807 . Additional longitudinal case studies are needed to further evaluate such a correlation.

title: Progressive fluctuant @entity393 , @entity15902 , and cochlear hypoplasia in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5807 :: ('MESH:D019280', 'Disease') :: ['branchio-oto-renal (BOR) syndrome', 'BOR syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['caloric hypofunction']

entities_list: @entity8468 :: ('OMIM:600791', 'Disease') :: ['left vestibular aqueduct']

entities_list: @entity15902 :: ('MESH:C566366', 'Disease') :: ['enlarged vestibular aqueduct']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['progressive fluctuant sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity389 :: ('MESH:D007759', 'Disease') :: ['inner ear anomalies']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing impairment']

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['hyporeflexia']

answer: @entity5807 :: (MESH:D019280,Disease) :: ['branchio-oto-renal syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Modern-day stenting procedures leverage advances in pharmacotherapy and device innovation. @entity1 treated with contemporary antiplatelet agents, peri-procedural @entity5582 therapy and new-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) have excellent outcomes over the short to medium term. Indeed, coupled with the reducing costs of these devices in most countries there remain very few indications where @entity1 should be denied treatment with standard-of-care DES therapy. The two major causes of stent failure are stent @entity715 (ST) and in-stent @entity256 (ISR). The incidence of both has reduced considerably in recent years. Current clinical registries and randomized trials with broad inclusion criteria show rates of ST at or <1% after 1 year and    0.2-0.4% per year thereafter; rates of clinical ISR are 5% respectively. Angiographic surveillance studies in large cohorts show rates of angiographic ISR of    10% with new-generation DES. The advent of high-resolution intracoronary imaging has shown that in many cases of late stent failure neoatherosclerotic change within the stented segment represents a final common pathway for both @entity715 and restenotic events. In future, a better understanding of the pathogenesis of this process may translate into improved late outcomes. Moreover, the predominance of non-stent-related disease as a cause of subsequent @entity583 during follow-up highlights the importance of lifestyle and pharmacological interventions targeted at modification of the underlying disease process. Finally, although recent developments focus on strategies which circumvent the need for chronically indwelling stents-such as @entity8038 or fully bioresorbable stents-more data are needed before the wider use of these therapies can be advocated.

title: Stent XXXX and @entity256 : what have we learned and where are we going? The Andreas Gr  ntzig Lecture ESC 2014.

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity8038 :: ('MESH:D058456', 'Disease') :: ['drug-coated balloons']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'thrombotic']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombosis']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the @entity26 desaturation index (ODI) generated by two different sleep software systems. METHODS: @entity1 undergoing diagnostic polysomnography for suspected @entity27 underwent simultaneous oximetry recording using the ResMedApneaLink Plus device ( @entity1582 ) and Compumedics Profusion @entity13556 system (Comp). The ODI was calculated by the algorithms in the respective software of each system. To determine if differences were due to algorithm or recording devices, the Comp software was also used to generate ODI values using oximetry data from the @entity1582 . RESULTS: In 106 @entity1 , there was good correlation but poor agreement in the ODI generated by the two systems. @entity1582 ODI values tended to be higher than Comp ODI values, but with significant variability. For ODI4%, bias was 4.4 events/h (95% limits of agreement -5.8 to 14.6 events/h). There was excellent correlation and agreement when the same oximetry raw data was analyzed by both systems. For ODI4%, bias was 0.03 events/h (95% limits of agreement -2.7 to 2.8 events/h). Similar results were evident when the ODI3% was used. CONCLUSIONS: There is a clinically significant difference in ODI values generated by the two systems, likely due to device signal processing, rather than difference in ODI calculation algorithms.

title: XXXX Desaturation Index Differs Significantly Between Types of Sleep Software.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['Oxygen']


abstract: Food adhesion is an important attribute that could have both positive and negative ramifications depending on the application. Yet, its quantification remains cumbersome and as a consequence adhesion models are scarce. The effect of surface roughness, free energy, and @entity1787 treatment on adhesion of rough low linear density @entity691 films was investigated. Adhesion was measured by a 180 degrees peel strength test. The plastic films were roughened (surface roughness ratio, r, ranged from 1.00 to 1.15). Exposing the film to @entity1787 treatment (0 to 300 s) modified its surface free energy, gamma(s) (32.4 to 37.9 mJ/m(2), respectively), and its polar component of the surface free energy, gamma(p)(s) (3.0 to 8.3 mJ/m(2), respectively). The films were coated with @entity2636 capable of forming @entity3884 bonds. Adhesion was found to be a function of the apparent contact angle of water, theta(ap[water]), surface roughness ratio, and surface free energy. The linear relationship between the apparent contact angle of water, theta(ap[water]), and gamma(p)(s) was incorporated in building an empirical model that quantifies peel strength as function of r and gamma(p)(s). The model showed good agreement with experimental data, especially for longer @entity1787 exposures and rougher surfaces. The empirical model provides insight into the relationships between surface roughness, surface energy, and adhesion. Quantifying these effects could facilitate reducing biofilm forming on food equipment, antisticking treatments, or easy peel packages, or reducing food residues adhering to the food packages and consequently minimize oxidation, off flavors, and waste.

title: Adhesion modeling on rough low linear density XXXX .

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity2636 :: ('MESH:D011140', 'Chemical') :: ['polyurethane']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

answer: @entity691 :: (MESH:D020959,Chemical) :: ['polyethylene']


abstract: Studies have shown that metallothionein (MT) is overexpressed in some @entity1 @entity150 and that overexpression can predict treatment response to neoadjuvant @entity900 , @entity1499 , and @entity5713 chemotherapy. In the present study the UROtsa cell line, a model of normal @entity1 urothelium, was used to determine the expression of the @entity1 @entity69240 genes and MT protein following exposure to @entity10278 or @entity15827 at lethal and sublethal levels. Acute exposure was modeled by treating confluent cultures with 100 microM @entity15827 or 53.4 microM @entity10278 for 4 h followed by a 48-h recovery period. Extended exposure was modeled by treating confluent cells with 1, 4, and 8 microM @entity13303 or 1, 5, and 9 microM @entity3280 for 16 d, with the highest concentrations producing cell lethality. The expression of MT mRNAs and protein were determined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunoblot analysis. Cell viability was determined by the @entity98 assay. It was shown that acute exposure to either @entity13303 or @entity3280 increased the levels of mRNAs for the @entity21035 , @entity40174 , and @entity13498 genes, whereas extended exposure only increased these mRNAs following exposure to @entity3280 . It was shown that both acute and extended exposure to either @entity13303 or @entity3280 increased the levels of MT protein, reaching a maximal value of 8 ng MT protein/microg total protein for acute exposure to @entity3280 . This is in contrast to previous studies using cultured @entity1 proximal tubule cells, where similar extended treatment with @entity3280 resulted in over 20-fold higher MT protein levels. These studies demonstrate that @entity1 urothelial cells accumulate only modest amounts of MT protein when exposed to either @entity3280 or @entity69241 for a 16-d time period.

title: Metallothionein isoform 1 and 2 gene expression in a @entity1 urothelial cell line (UROtsa) exposed to @entity10278 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancers']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity15827 :: (CHEBI:29678,Chemical) :: ['NaAsO2']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) improve the metabolic function of co-cultured hepatocytes. The present study aimed to further enhance the trophic effects of co-culture with hepatocytes using @entity519 preconditioning (HPc) of the MSCs and also to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. METHODS: @entity1 adipose tissue-derived MSCs were subjected to @entity519 (2 % O2; HPc) or normoxia (20 % O2) for 24 h and then co-cultured with isolated @entity1 hepatocytes. Assays of metabolic function and apoptosis were performed to investigate the hepatotrophic and anti-apoptotic effects of co-culture. Indirect co-cultures and co-culture with MSC-conditioned medium investigated the role of paracrine factors in the hepatotrophic effects of co-culture. Reactive @entity26 species (ROS) activity was antagonised with @entity898 to investigate whether HPc potentiated the effects of MSCs by intracellular ROS-dependent mechanisms. Tumour @entity39 factor ( @entity310 , transforming growth factor (TGF)-b1, and extracellular collagen production was determined and @entity8187 and @entity589 / @entity588 signalling pathways analysed to investigate the role of soluble factors, extracellular matrix deposition, and apoptosis-associated gene signalling in the effects of co-culture. RESULTS: HPc potentiated the hepatotrophic and anti-apoptotic effects of co-culture by ROS-dependent mechanisms. There was increased MSC @entity2533 production, and enhanced MSC deposition of extracellular collagen, with reduced synthesis of @entity310 , as well as a downregulation of the expression of pro-apoptotic @entity8187 , @entity589 , @entity5353 and @entity39159 genes and upregulated expression of anti-apoptotic @entity588 in hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS: HPc potentiated the trophic and anti-apoptotic effects of MSCs on hepatocytes via mechanisms including intracellular ROS, autocrine TGF-b, extracellular collagen and caspase and @entity589 / @entity588 signalling pathways.

title: XXXX preconditioning potentiates the trophic effects of mesenchymal stem cells on co-cultured @entity1 primary hepatocytes.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity898 :: ('MESH:D000111', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylcysteine']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['Hypoxic']


abstract: AIMS: Percutaneous coronary interventions for bifurcation lesions are often complex and associated with an unsatisfactory result. The aim of this first-in- @entity1 , observational study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of a @entity1311 -eluting balloon in these lesions. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-eight @entity1 presenting significant coronary bifurcational lesions of the left coronary artery were studied. The main branch (MB) and the side branch (SB) were dilated with a drug-eluting balloon ( @entity16905 ; SeQuent Please balloon catheter , 3   g @entity1311 /mm2 balloon surface). An open-cell bare-metal stent (BMS; Coroflex) was then deployed in the MB. Only if the SB had a TIMI flow <III and/or a residual stenosis of >=  50%, a BMS was implanted in the SB. The procedure was successful in all @entity1 . At nine months, the late lumen loss (LLL) in the MB was 0.38    0.46 mm and 0.21    0.48 mm in the SB resulting in an @entity8431 of 2.2    0.60 mm in the MB and 1.7    0.44 mm in the SB. Three @entity1 had angiographic restenosis and in one a @entity75 revascularisation (TLR) was performed. Two @entity1 experienced a late stent @entity715 at six and eight months. No @entity1 died. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous treatment of bifurcation lesions with a drug-eluting balloon resulted in a procedural success of 100%. Follow-up angiography at nine months showed DES-like results in MB and SB. However, when the @entity16905 was used in combination with a BMS (MB), the possibility of late stent @entity715 cannot be ruled out.

title: Treatment of bifurcation lesions with a drug-eluting balloon: the PEPCAD V ( XXXX Eluting PTCA Balloon in Coronary Artery Disease) trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['target lesion']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['Paclitaxel']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity28772 ( @entity28772 ) is a rare condition leading to grotesque disfigurement. Complete removal is almost impossible and recurrences inevitable. The objective of this study was to evaluate powered-assisted liposuction (PAL) for the treatment of @entity28772 . METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed before and after surgery for quality assessment. To exclude @entity5 incisional biopsies were taken before surgery. Outcome measures included aspiration volumes, duration of surgery, early morbidity, recurrence rates, and overall @entity1 satisfaction. RESULTS: Seven male @entity1 aged between 43 and 70 years were identified. The mean liposuction volume equaled 2948  1566 mL, the mean surgery time 74  28 minutes. One @entity1410 was observed, whereas 1 recurrence rate was noticed after a mean follow-up of 14 months. Malignancy was excluded by histology in 5 @entity1 . Preoperative MRI confirmed the diagnosis with no signs for @entity5 and showed an efficient @entity75 . After a mean follow-up of 18 months, a high @entity1 satisfaction was achieved. CONCLUSION: PAL can serve as an efficient method for the treatment of @entity28772 . It has a significant effect on tightening of the skin, leading to a high @entity1 satisfaction.

title: Power-assisted liposuction (PAL) of XXXX ( @entity28772 )-a longitudinal study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity28772 :: ('MESH:D008069', 'Disease') :: ['MSL', 'Multiple symmetric lipomatosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['removal of the lesions']

answer: @entity28772 :: (MESH:D008069,Disease) :: ['multiple symmetric lipomatosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: The pharmacokinetics of @entity16229 , @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) and @entity5537 were investigated in order to built a population pharmacokinetic model for the anticancer drug UFT, administered with @entity4181 and @entity1206 . METHODS: A total of 31 @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 were treated with escalating oral doses of UFT (300 to 500 mg per day) plus @entity4181 (90 mg per day) in combination with intravenous @entity1206 (15 to 25 mg/m(2)). Concentration-time data were obtained on days 1, 8, 15 and 21 of cycle 1. RESULTS: Of the 31 @entity1 treated, 30 were available for the pharmacokinetic analysis. Ftorafur, 5FU and @entity5537 appeared rapidly in plasma and showed large interpatient variations. Ftorafur concentrations were higher than those of 5FU and @entity5537 . AUC significantly increased between day 1, and days 8, 15 and 21. Ftorafur C(max) and AUC values were proportional to UFT dose, whereas C(max) and AUC values of 5FU and @entity5537 were not linearly related to UFT dose. The pharmacokinetics of ftorafur were ascribed to a two-compartment open model in which 5FU was produced from the central compartment. The absorption and exponential distribution rate constants were assumed equal. The effect of @entity5537 on 5FU elimination was straightforward, since no reasonable curve-fitting could be obtained for 5FU data when this covariate was not taken into account. The @entity5537 concentration inducing a 50% reduction in 5FU elimination was 2.67 micro mol.l(-1). This result confirms the important role played by @entity5537 as a competitive inhibitor of 5FU catabolism. CONCLUSION: A pharmacokinetic model for ftorafur and 5FU was developed and should be useful to further study drug interactions and establish dosing guidelines.

title: Modelling of ftorafur and @entity1487 pharmacokinetics following oral UFT administration. A population study in 30 @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5FU', '5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['advanced breast cancer']


abstract: Despite the increasing popularity of total lumbar disc replacement (TDR) in predominantly young and active @entity1 , no previous study has addressed possibilities, limitations and potential risks regarding @entity2587 performance following TDR. Mechanical concerns remain and the implant's resilience as regards its load-bearing capacity during sporting activities is unknown. Thirty-nine @entity2587 @entity1 fulfilled the inclusion criteria for this study. These @entity1 participated in a large variety of different types of sport. Significant and lasting @entity158 was attained following TDR with a mean follow-up of 26.3 months (range 9-50.7 months; FU rate 97.4%). Sporting activity was resumed within the first 3 months (38.5%) to 6 months (30.7%) with peak performance being reached after 5.2 months. Thirty-seven @entity1 (94.9%) achieved resumption of sporting activity. Athletic performance improved significantly in 33 @entity1 (84.6%). Minor subsidence was observed in 13 @entity1 (30%) within the first 3 months with no further implant migration thereafter in 12 @entity1 . Participation in all types of sport recorded in this study was accessible for a high rate of @entity1 up to the level of professional athletes as well as those participating in extreme sports. Preoperative participation in sport proved to be a strong positive predictor for highly satisfactory postoperative outcome following TDR. In a selected group of @entity1 , however, preoperative inability to participate in sporting activities did not impair postoperative physical activity. Due to the young age of the @entity1 and significant load increase exerted during @entity2587 activities, persisting concerns regarding the future behaviour of the implant remain and will require longer follow-up, modified investigation techniques and larger @entity1 cohorts.

title: Total lumbar disc replacement in athletes: clinical results, return to sport and XXXX performance.

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain-relief']

answer: @entity2587 :: (MESH:D001265,Disease) :: ['athletic']


abstract: Recent reports have indicated that endothelin-induced vasoconstriction in isolated @entity455 may be mediated by the production of @entity224 anion. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of @entity224 anion in mediating the chronic renal and @entity101 actions of endothelin. @entity1827 (5 pmol/kg per minute) was chronically infused into the jugular vein by use of mini-osmotic pump for 9 days in male @entity35 and in @entity35 treated with the @entity224 anion scavenger @entity11933 (30 mg/kg per day). Mean arterial pressure in the @entity1827 -treated @entity35 was 141+/-3 mm Hg, compared with 125+/-2 mm Hg in control @entity35 . @entity1827 increased renal vascular resistance (15.3+/-2.5 versus 10+/-1.3 mm Hg/mL per minute) and decreased renal plasma flow (6.5+/-0.9 versus 8.7+/-0.7 mL/min) in control @entity35 . @entity1827 also significantly increased TBARS in the kidney and urinary @entity7707 excretion. The increase in arterial pressure in response to @entity1827 was completely abolished by @entity11933 (127+/-4 versus 127+/-4 mm Hg). @entity11933 also markedly attenuated the renal plasma flow and renal vascular resistance response to @entity1827 . @entity11933 also significantly decreased the level of @entity7707 in the @entity1827 -treated @entity35 . @entity11933 had no effect on arterial pressure or renal hemodynamics in control @entity35 . These data indicate that formation of reactive @entity26 species may play an important role in mediating @entity101 induced by chronic elevations in endothelin.

title: Role of reactive @entity26 species in endothelin-induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity11933 :: ('MESH:C001803', 'Chemical') :: ['tempol', 'Tempol']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['aortic vascular rings']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity7707 :: ('MESH:C075750', 'Chemical') :: ['8-isoprostaglandin F2alpha']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3562 has been identified as a risk factor for @entity453 ( @entity453 ). South Asians appear to have a high incidence of @entity453 , while East Asians have a very low incidence. HYPOTHESIS: The present study was undertaken because the relative association of plasma @entity1255 levels (PH) with @entity453 in South Asians (SA = Indian, Pakistani, @entity3595 Lankan) and East Asians (EA = Chinese, Japanese) is not known. METHODS: Fasting PH were drawn on all @entity1 with @entity453 of SA (age 62.4+/-1.1 years, 72 @entity1 , 14 @entity1 ) and EA (age 61.8+/-3.0 years, 13 @entity1 , 4 @entity1 ) descent. These were compared with PH available from Caucasian (CA) @entity1 (age 61.1+/-1.1 years, 89 @entity1 , 17 @entity1 ) with @entity453 . RESULTS: The PH in SA, EA, and CA @entity1 were 11.0+/-0.5, 7.6+/-0.5, and 10.8+/-0.6 micromol/l, respectively (p<0.001 between EA and SA/CA). Percentages of SA, EA, and CA with elevated PH (> 12.0 micromol/l) were 33.7, 5.9, and 28.2%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the lipid subfractions between the SA and EA group. History of smoking was significantly higher in the EA (52.9 vs. 26.2%), while @entity101 and @entity6 had similar prevalences. CONCLUSION: Significant differences in PH of SA versus EA @entity1 with @entity453 exist. The relative contribution of @entity1255 in the development of @entity453 appears to be less in EA immigrants. In contrast, the association between @entity453 and PH in SA immigrants appears to be similar to that of Caucasians.

title: Possible ethnic differences in plasma XXXX levels associated with @entity453 between south Asian and east Asian immigrants.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity3562 :: ('MESH:D020138', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperhomocysteinemia']

answer: @entity1255 :: (MESH:D006710,Chemical) :: ['homocysteine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To compare the safety and efficacy of @entity3748 ophthalmic ointment 0.5% (LE ointment), a new topical ointment formulation, with vehicle for the treatment of @entity32 and @entity158 following @entity231 surgery. METHODS: Two randomized, multicenter, double-masked, parallel-group, vehicle-controlled studies were conducted. @entity1 aged >= 18 years with a combined postoperative anterior chamber cells and flare (ACI) >=  Grade 3 following uncomplicated @entity231 surgery participated in seven study visits. @entity1 self-administered either topical LE ointment or vehicle four times daily for 14 days. Efficacy outcomes included the proportion of @entity1 with complete resolution of ACI and the proportion of @entity1 with no (Grade 0) @entity158 at postoperative day 8. Safety outcomes included the incidence of adverse events, ocular symptoms, changes in intraocular pressure and visual acuity, and biomicroscopy and funduscopy findings. RESULTS: Data from the two studies were combined. The integrated intent-to-treat population consisted of 805 @entity1 (mean [standard deviation] age 69.0 [9.2] years; 58.0% female and 89.7% white). Significantly more LE ointment-treated @entity1 than vehicle-treated @entity1 had complete resolution of ACI (27.7% versus 12.5%) and no @entity158 (75.5% versus 43.1%) at day 8 (P < 0.0001 for both). Fewer LE ointment-treated @entity1 required rescue medication (27.7% versus 63.8%), and fewer had an ocular adverse event (47.2% versus 78.0%, P < 0.0001) while on study treatment. The most common ocular adverse events with LE ointment were @entity32 , photophobia, @entity3279 , @entity3169 , @entity3856 , and @entity5890 . Mean intraocular pressure decreased in both treatment groups. Four @entity1 had increased intraocular pressure >= 10 mmHg (three LE ointment and one vehicle) prior to rescue medication. Visual acuity and dilated funduscopy results were similar between the treatment groups, with the exception of visual acuity at visits 5 and 6, which favored LE ointment. CONCLUSION: LE ointment was efficacious and well tolerated in the treatment of @entity32 and @entity158 following @entity231 surgery.

title: Safety and efficacy of @entity3748 ophthalmic ointment 0.5% for the treatment of @entity32 and XXXX following @entity231 surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'ocular inflammation', 'anterior chamber inflammation']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity3169 :: ('MESH:D003229', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity3748 :: ('MESH:C063378', 'Chemical') :: ['loteprednol etabonate']

entities_list: @entity3279 :: ('MESH:D015715', 'Disease') :: ['corneal edema']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: During the recent period, dermoscopy has yielded improvement in the early disclosure of various @entity5 ( @entity5 ) of the skin. Beyond this clinical procedure, @entity5 histopathology remains mandatory for establishing their precise diagnosis. Of note, panels of experts in @entity5 merely report moderate agreement in various puzzling cases. Divergences in opinion and misdiagnosis are likely increased when histopathological criteria are not fine-tuned and when facing a diversity of @entity5 types. Furthermore, some @entity5 have been differently named in the literature including atypical @entity5 , metastasizing @entity5 , borderline and intermediate @entity5 , malignant @entity27897 , @entity2118 or @entity320 . Some acronyms have been further suggested such as MELTUMP (after @entity5 of uncertain malignant potential) and STUMP (after @entity5 of uncertain malignant potential). In this review, such @entity5 at the exclusion of @entity320 ( @entity320 ) variants, are grouped under the tentative @entity272 . Such set of @entity5 frequently follows an indolent course, although they exhibit atypical and sometimes worrisome patterns or cytological atypia. Rare cases of skin melanocytomas progress to loco regional clusters of lesions (agminate melanocytomas), and even to regional lymph nodes. At times, the distinction between a skin melanocytoma and @entity320 remains puzzling. However, multipronged immunohistochemistry and emerging molecular biology help profiling any @entity5 risk if present.

title: Simulants of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['AMN', 'Spitzoid melanocytic tumor', 'Spitz tumor', 'melanocytic tumor', 'malignancy', 'atypical melanocytic neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity2118 :: ('MESH:D010859', 'Disease') :: ['pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['broad heading skin melanocytoma']

entities_list: @entity27897 :: ('MESH:D018332', 'Disease') :: ['Spitz nevus']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['MM', 'cutaneous malignant melanoma', 'animal-type melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['Malignant Melanoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We aimed to quantify the ACE I/D and @entity31202 @entity40967 ( @entity69978 ) genetic variants in elite rugby athletes (rugby union and league), compare genotype frequencies to controls and between playing positions. The rugby athlete cohort consisted of 507 Caucasian @entity1 , including 431 rugby union athletes that for some analyses were divided into backs and forwards and into specific positional groups: front five, back row, half backs, centers and back three. Controls were 710 Caucasian @entity1 and @entity1 . Real-time PCR of genomic DNA was used to determine genotypes using TaqMan probes and groups were compared using Chi-square and odds ratio (OR) statistics. Correction of p-values for multiple comparisons was according to Benjamini-Hochberg. There was no difference in ACE I/D genotype between groups. @entity31202 XX genotype tended to be underrepresented in rugby union backs (15.7%) compared to forwards (24.8%; P=0.06). Interestingly, the 69 back three players (wings and full backs) in rugby union included only six XX genotype individuals (8.7%), with the R allele more common in the back three (68.8%) than controls (58.0%;   (2)=6.672, P=0.04; OR=1.60) and forwards (47.5%;   (2)=11.768, P=0.01; OR=2.00). Association of @entity31202 @entity40967 with playing position in elite rugby union athletes suggests inherited @entity1295 resistance is more prevalent in forwards while inherited sprint ability is more prevalent in backs, especially wings and full backs. These results also demonstrate the advantage of focusing genetic studies on a large cohort within a single sport, especially when intra-sport positional differences exist, instead of combining several sports with varied demands and athlete characteristics.

title: Association of XXXX @entity40967 but not ACE I/D gene variants with elite rugby union player status and playing position.

answer: @entity31202 :: (89,Gene) :: ['ACTN3']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine whether the volume of a @entity1 's breast is correlated with reliable daily setup in treatment of @entity0 with a helical tomotherapy treatment unit. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirty-six consecutive @entity1 with @entity0 were treated on a helical tomotherapy unit. During simulation, kilovoltage CT images were obtained for treatment planning. These were fused with daily megavoltage CT scans, and after setup based on skin marks and laser alignment the necessary shifts were carried out. The magnitude of daily shifts (in millimeters) was retrospectively obtained from the daily image fusions, and the breast volume was obtained from the treatment plan. A total of 873 fusion scans were reviewed. Random error for absolute and directional daily shifts was evaluated for correlation to volume. Variation over time was also evaluated. RESULTS: Mean (SD) random shift for all @entity1 in the lateral, longitudinal, and vertical directions was 2.7 (2.0), 3.1 (1.5), and 3.2 (2.6) mm, respectively. Mean (SD) absolute distance shifted was 6.0 (3.5) mm. There was no significant correlation between mean absolute or mean directional daily shift and breast volume (0.08, 0.08, 0.22, and 0.07, respectively). There was no correlation between setup variation and time. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort, there was no correlation between breast volume and degree of daily shift. There was no correlation between time course and setup variation. Therefore, setup variation does not improve or degrade with repeated treatment setups.

title: Effect of breast volume on treatment reproducibility on a tomotherapy unit in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Our objective was to test the hypothesis that aberrantly modified forms of @entity224 dismutase ( @entity1367 ) influence the disease course for @entity4572 ( @entity4572 ). We probed for anti- @entity1367 antibodies (IgM and IgG) against both the normal and aberrantly oxidized- @entity1367 (SODox) antigens in sera from @entity1 with @entity4572 , subjects diagnosed with other @entity16 and healthy individuals, and correlated the levels of these antibodies to disease duration and/or severity. Anti- @entity1367 antibodies were detected in all cohorts; however, a subset of    5-10% of @entity4572 cases exhibited elevated levels of anti- @entity1367 antibodies. Those @entity4572 cases with relatively high levels of IgM antibodies against SODox exhibit a longer survival of 6.4 years, compared to subjects lacking these antibodies. By contrast, @entity4572 subjects expressing higher levels of IgG antibodies reactive for the normal WT- @entity1367 antigen exhibit a shorter survival of 4.1 years. Anti- @entity1367 antibody levels did not correlate with disease severity in either the @entity191 cohorts. In conclusion, the association of longer survival with elevated levels of anti-SODox antibodies suggests that these antibodies may be protective. By extension, these data implicate aberrantly modified forms of WT- @entity1367 (e.g. oxidized @entity1367 ) in @entity4572 pathogenesis. In contrast, an immune response against the normal WT- @entity1367 appears to be disadvantageous in @entity4572 , possibly because the anti-oxidizing activity of normal WT- @entity1367 is beneficial to @entity4572 individuals.

title: Anti- XXXX dismutase antibodies are associated with survival in @entity1 with @entity4572 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4572 :: ('MESH:C566291', 'Disease') :: ['sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis', 'SALS']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorders']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity224 :: (MESH:D013481,Chemical) :: ['superoxide']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In vivo, initial platelet activation is likely caused by platelet contacts with collagen in the subendothelium or from the small amounts of @entity556 formed by the tissue factor/factor VIIa complex. Our aim was to study the coagulative role of @entity857 released by the platelets after activation with strong stimuli such as collagen and/or @entity556 , and the relative importance of the platelet @entity857 receptors @entity15094 and @entity3075 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used 10 Hz free oscillation rheometry to measure clotting time, clot elasticity and fibrinolysis resistance of non-anticoagulated whole blood. The platelets were activated with a collagen-related peptide (CRP), with the @entity8781 @entity556 receptor activating peptide TRAP-6 or by @entity556 , the latter generated by small amounts of thromboplastin. To inhibit the platelet @entity857 receptors, we used the @entity15094 antagonist @entity24001 and the @entity3075 antagonist @entity37502 . RESULTS: Both antagonists significantly retarded the clotting induced by CRP. The effects were most pronounced with @entity37502 . For TRAP-6, the same trend was seen, but the retardation was only significant with @entity37502 . Clotting induced by small amounts of thromboplastin was not affected by any @entity857 -receptor antagonist. Addition of both antagonists did not change the results as compared to samples with @entity37502 alone. Nor did the antagonists, one at a time or in concert, effect fibrinolysis or the elastic properties of the clot. CONCLUSION: We conclude that @entity857 -receptor inhibition prolongs the clotting time for whole blood activated by CRP, but that it does not affect the properties of the subsequently formed coagulum.

title: Effects of inhibition of XXXX and @entity3075 on whole blood clotting, coagulum elasticity and fibrinolysis resistance studied with free oscillation rheometry.

answer: @entity15094 :: (5028,Gene) :: ['P2Y(1)']


abstract: 40 @entity1 (39 @entity1 and 1 @entity1 ) aged 13-66 years (mean 35.9 years) with solitary benign non-toxic thyroid nodule confirmed by clinical and hormonal examination, ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration biopsy, were treated with intranodular percutaneous 96% @entity1068 injection, performed under ultrasound guidance. There were 34 @entity1 with solid nodule (including 4 @entity1 ) with solitary nodule in recurrent goitre after thyroidectomy) and 6 @entity1 with cyst. The nodules were 7-60 mm (mean 31 mm) in diameter. 1 ml of @entity1068 was instilled per 1 cm3 of nodule tissue. 1-5 (mean 2.6) sessions were conducted at one month intervals. The early follow-up evaluation of the results (the evaluation of nodule size by means of clinical and ultrasound examination) was performed after 6 months, and the long-term one after 2 years since the last injection. A morphological evaluation was conducted according to the following scale: 1--nodule disappearance, 2--cicatricial nodule (solid structure in the ultrasonography and less than 0.5 cm in diameter), 3--nodule smaller by [symbol: see text] 50% of initial dimensions, 4--nodule smaller by < 50% of initial dimensions. A final follow-up evaluation revealed: nodule disappearance in 15 (37.5%) @entity1 (Group 1), cicatricial nodule in 10 (25%) @entity1 (Group 2), nodules smaller by [symbol: see text] 50% of initial dimensions in 7 (17.5%) @entity1 (Group 3) and nodules smaller by < 50% of initial dimensions in 8 (20%) @entity1 (Group 4). The results in Group 1 and 2 were defined as good (25 @entity1 --62.5%), in Group 3 as satisfactory (17.5%) and in Group 4 as @entity1835 . The results of treatment of cysts and nodules in recurrent goitre were good or satisfactory. The following complications were observed: 1) @entity158 during and after the injection in 29 (72.5%) @entity1 , 2) subfebrile body temperature ap to 38 degrees C in 4 (10%) @entity1 and fever up to 39 degrees C on the 1-st day after the injection in 2 (5%) @entity1 , 3) ecchymosis in 1 (2.5%) @entity1 , 4) temporary @entity7364 in 2 (5%) @entity1 , 6) temporary unilateral vocal @entity912 and @entity4820 in 1 (2.5%) @entity1 . It seems that percutaneous @entity1068 injection can be useful treatment method of solitary benign non-toxic thyroid nodules, both cysts and solid nodules, in @entity1 who do not consent to surgical treatment or with contraindications to an operation.

title: [The treatment of solitary thyroid nodules in non-toxic goiter with 96% XXXX injections].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity7364 :: ('MESH:D055154', 'Disease') :: ['dysphonia']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['cord paralysis']

entities_list: @entity4820 :: ('MESH:D006732', 'Disease') :: ['temporary Horner syndrome']

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['ethanol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of topical administration of a 2% solution of @entity205 (CsA) for treatment of @entity235 with @entity9849 sicca (KCS) and to correlate results with histopathologic characteristics and local cellular immunity of the gland of the third eyelid. ANIMALS: 24 @entity235 with bilateral KCS. PROCEDURE: Lacrimal secretion was measured, using Schirmer tear test (STT) strips. Leukocyte and T-lymphocyte subsets were determined in blood samples. Histopathologic changes as well as @entity32832 +, CD8+, and @entity18617 esterase-positive (ANAE+) lymphocytes were evaluated. RESULTS: Clinical signs resolved at the end of 1 month in conjunction with significantly increased STT values, compared with baseline values. Fifteen and 30 days after discontinuation of CsA treatment, a decrease was observed in STT values in both eyes; however, only values for the right eye were significantly different. There was a significant decrease in the number of lymphocytes and ANAE+ lymphocytes 15 and 30 days after discontinuation of CsA treatment, compared with baseline values. Differences were not observed in number of @entity32832 + lymphocytes among treatment groups. However, there was a significant decrease in number of CD8+ lymphocytes with reversal of the @entity32832 +:CD8+ in both eyes after CsA treatment for 30 days, compared with the control group. Increased secretory activity and @entity2617 were characteristic histopathologic findings. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Topical administration of a 2% solution of @entity870 was effective for the treatment of @entity235 with KCS. Strict follow-up monitoring is required after the cessation of treatment because of the possibility of recurrence of KCS.

title: Histologic characteristics and local cellular immunity of the gland of the third eyelid after topical ophthalmic administration of 2% @entity205 for treatment of @entity235 with XXXX sicca.

entities_list: @entity18617 :: ('MESH:C027876', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-naphthyl-acetate']

entities_list: @entity9849 :: ('MESH:D007637', 'Disease') :: ['keratoconjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity2617 :: ('MESH:D017254', 'Disease') :: ['decreased lymphocyte infiltration']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

answer: @entity9849 :: (MESH:D007637,Disease) :: ['keratoconjunctivitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The anti-programmed death-1 (anti-PD-1) therapy nivolumab has significant clinical activity in @entity1 with @entity320 . However, little is known about the safety and outcomes in patients receiving anti-PD-1 therapy and stereotactic radiation for the treatment of brain metastases (BMs). @entity1 AND METHODS: Data were analyzed retrospectively from two prospective nivolumab protocols enrolling 160 @entity1 with advanced resected and unresectable @entity320 at a single institution. @entity1 were included if BMs were diagnosed and treated with stereotactic radiation within 6 months of receiving nivolumab. The primary end point of this study was @entity2359 ; secondary end points included BM control and survival. RESULTS: Twenty-six @entity1 with a total of 73 BMs treated over 30 sessions were identified. Radiation was administered before, during and after nivolumab in 33 lesions (45%), 5 lesions (7%), and 35 lesions (48%), respectively. All BMs were treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in a single session except 12 BMs treated with fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy, nine of which were in the postoperative setting. One @entity1 experienced grade 2 @entity10 following SRS with symptomatic relief with @entity479 treatment. No other treatment-related neurologic @entity137 or scalp reactions were reported. Eight (11%) local BM failures with a >= 20% increase in volume were noted. Of these lesions, @entity548 was noted in 4, and @entity4 was noted in 7. Kaplan-Meier estimates for local BM control following radiation at 6 and 12 months were 91% and 85%, respectively. Median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) from the date of stereotactic radiation and nivolumab initiation was 11.8 and 12.0 months, respectively, in @entity1 receiving nivolumab for unresected disease (median @entity1349 was not reached in @entity1 treated in the resected setting). CONCLUSIONS: In our series, stereotactic radiation to @entity320 BMs is well tolerated in @entity1 who received nivolumab. BM control and @entity1349 appear prolonged compared with standard current treatment. Prospective evaluation is warranted.

title: Clinical outcomes of XXXX brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiation and anti-PD-1 therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'metastatic melanoma']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity246 is common in @entity1 but is rare in the elderly. It often presents with a constellation of signs and symptoms similar to routine @entity169 . We present the case of an elderly @entity1 with @entity246 containing a @entity8302 and provide clinical insights. PRESENTATION OF CASE: An-84-year old @entity1 was admitted with an incarcerated @entity547 . Both testes were absent on palpation of the scrotum. After reduction of the @entity547 , computed tomography scan revealed a round lesion in the @entity547 , which was suspected to be the ectopic @entity1062 . Laparoscopic exploration was performed in combination with an open anterior approach. The @entity547 orifice was the right internal inguinal ring, and the inguinal canal was obliterated by adhesions because the spermatic cord did not pass through it. The ectopic @entity1062 was resected with the @entity547 repaired with a KUGEL    patch (Bard, USA). DISCUSSION: Laparoscopic exploration was useful to delineate the anatomy of this unusual inguinal @entity547 . The open anterior approach was necessary to dissect the @entity547 . Pathological findings revealed @entity5 cells with clear cytoplasm in the resected @entity1062 , diagnosed as a @entity8302 . CONCLUSION: The combination of laparoscopic and anterior approaches facilitated the surgical treatment of an unusual @entity246 . The resected ectopic @entity1062 should undergo thorough histopathologic examination.

title: An XXXX with a @entity8302 in an elderly @entity1 : A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'man']

entities_list: @entity246 :: ('MESH:D003456', 'Disease') :: ['cryptorchidism', 'inguinal hernia with cryptorchidism', 'Cryptorchidism']

entities_list: @entity8302 :: ('MESH:D007984', 'Disease') :: ['Leydig cell tumor']

entities_list: @entity547 :: ('MESH:D006547', 'Disease') :: ['right lower quadrant hernia', 'hernia', 'hernia sac, and the hernia', 'ectopic testis and the hernia sac', 'hernia sac']

entities_list: @entity169 :: ('MESH:D006552', 'Disease') :: ['inguinal hernias']

answer: @entity246 :: (MESH:D003456,Disease) :: ['inguinal hernia with cryptorchidism']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe provider practice patterns in the diagnosis and treatment of Nursing Home-Acquired @entity55 (NHAP) and to document associations with cure, mortality, and transfer. DESIGN: A retrospective cohort. SETTING: Six nursing homes in Seattle, Washington. @entity1 : A total of 94 @entity1 , 65 years of age or older (mean 83 +/- SD 9), in whom the diagnosis of @entity55 was documented in the nursing home medical record between July 1, 1994, and June 6, 1995. MEASUREMENTS: Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between descriptive, diagnostic, or therapeutic measures and three outcomes, cure, 30-day mortality, and hospital transfer. RESULTS: Ninety-four episodes of @entity55 were identified. Allowing for more than one outcome per @entity1 , there were 71 (75.5%) cures, 16 (17%) deaths, and nine (9.6%) transfers. Eighty-five percent of @entity1 identified as having NHAP by their providers had chest X-rays (CXRs), and 69% had physical examinations. Sputum examination was ordered in 5%, blood cultures in 6%, and white blood cell counts in 33% of @entity1 . In multivariate analysis, @entity1 with functional decline were more likely to die (Odds Ratio (OR) 36.5 (95% CI 6.1, 220)). @entity73 was a risk factor for mortality (OR 6.8 l (CI 1.8, 26)) and transfer (OR 7.5 (CI 1.2, 46)). Those @entity1 receiving only oral antibiotics (OR 3.2 (CI 1.1, 9.7)) were more likely to be cured. Length of therapy >1 week was also associated with cure (OR 2.9 (CI 1.0, 8.6)). Providers with Certificate of Added Qualifications (CAQ) in Geriatric Medicine were more likely to achieve cure (OR 3.1 (CI 1.0, 9.0)). CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity1 with NHAP had diagnostic CXRs and physical examinations. In multivariate analysis, @entity204 was more likely to occur in @entity1 with @entity73 . Cure was associated with the use of oral antibiotics alone and with care by providers with CAQ in Geriatric Medicine.

title: Provider practice patterns in nursing home-acquired XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive or functional decline', 'Cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia', 'Pneumonia']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pneumonia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity731 is an @entity32 . As an inflammatory molecule, @entity40109 ( @entity40109 ) plays a direct role in atherogenesis. It is known that the elevated plasma @entity1255 ( @entity5784 ) level is an independent risk factor for @entity731 . We previously reported that @entity5784 produces a pro-inflammatory effect by inducing @entity40109 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In the present study, we observed effect of @entity33997 on @entity5784 -induced @entity40109 expression in @entity35 VSMCs and molecular mechanisms. The in vitro results showed that pretreatment of VSMCs with @entity33997 inhibited @entity5784 -induced mRNA and protein expression of @entity40109 in a concentration-dependent manner. The in vivo experiments displayed that @entity33997 not only inhibited @entity40109 expression in the vessel walls in mRNA and protein levels, but also reduced the circulating @entity40109 level in hyperhomocysteinemic @entity35 . Further study revealed that @entity33997 diminished @entity5784 -stimulated generation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS), attenuated @entity5784 -activated phosphorylation of @entity2508 and @entity12220 , and upregulated @entity5784 -inhibited expression of @entity9781 (PPARy) in VSMCs. These demonstrate that @entity33997 is able to inhibit @entity5784 -induced @entity40109 generation in VSMCs, which is related to interfering with ROS- @entity2508 / @entity12220 signal pathway and upregulating PPARy expression. The present study provides new evidence for the anti-inflammatory and anti- @entity731 effects of @entity33997 .

title: @entity33997 Inhibits @entity1255 -Induced @entity40109 Generation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Regulating PPARy Expression and ROS- @entity2508 / XXXX Signal Pathway.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory disease']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity9781 :: ('25664(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'atherosclerosis', 'Atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity12220 :: (81649(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['p38']


abstract: Recurrence of @entity4254 ( @entity4254 ) or hemifacial @entity2473 (HFS) after microvascular decompression (MVD) is not rare. The prosthesis material eventually adheres to the @entity531 and again transmits arterial pulsation to the nerve. A @entity24332 ligature technique using a Gore-Tex tape can be used for the transposition of the offending artery. No prosthesis is necessary once the transposition is complete. This technique requires introduction of either Gore-Tex tape or thread around the artery and suture over the petrous dura, so an adequate working space as if operating in a shallow basin is essential. Therefore, the osteoplastic craniotomy is a little larger than usual with the scalp flap entirely reflected using a semicircular skin incision. The Gore-Tex tape can be directly snared around the artery and sutured over the petrous dura. If this procedure is difficult, a thread can be attached to both ends of the Gore-Tex tape to pass the tape around the vessel. Seven @entity1 with @entity4254 and 13 @entity1 with HFS have undergone this surgery. Although the follow-up period is not yet long enough, there has been no case of recurrence. The present technique for MVD can provide complete and permanent transposition of the offending artery.

title: XXXX technique of vascular transposition for microvascular decompression--technical note.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4254 :: ('MESH:D014277', 'Disease') :: ['TN', 'trigeminal neuralgia']

entities_list: @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular structures']

answer: @entity24332 :: (100170220,Gene) :: ['Snare']