abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1140 ( @entity11636 ) and @entity6051 mofetil ( @entity2098 ) are currently approved immunosuppressants for prevention of rejection in liver transplantation (LTx). They have different modes of action and @entity137 profiles, but the efficacy and safety of @entity2098 in primary liver transplantation with @entity11636 has not been determined. METHODS: An Institutional Review Board-approved, open-label, single-center, prospective randomized trial was initiated to study the efficacy and @entity137 of @entity11636 and @entity230 (double-drug therapy (D)) versus @entity11636 , @entity230 , and @entity2098 (triple-drug therapy (T)) in primary adult LTx recipients. Both groups of @entity1 were started on the same doses of @entity11636 and @entity230 . @entity1 randomized to T also received 1 gm @entity2098 twice a day. RESULTS: Between August 1995 and May 1998, 350 @entity1 were enrolled at a single center-175 in the D and 175 in the T groups. All @entity1 were followed until May 1998, with a mean follow-up of 33.8+/-9.1 months. Using an intention-to-treat analysis, the 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-year @entity1 survival was 85.1%, 81.6%, 78.6%, and 75.8%, respectively, for D and 87.4%, 85.4%, 81.3%, and 79.9%, respectively, for T. The 4-year graft survival was 70% for D and 72.1% for T. Although the rate of acute rejection in the first 3 months was significantly lower for T than for D (28% for triple vs. 38.9% for double, P=0.03), the overall rate of rejection for T at the end of 1 year was not significantly lower than for the D (38.9% triple vs. 45.2% double). The median time to the first episode of rejection was 14 days for D versus 24 days for T (P=0.008). During the study period, 38 of 175 @entity1 in D received @entity2098 to control ongoing acute rejection, nephrotoxicity, and/or @entity2359 . On the other hand, 103 @entity1 in the T discontinued @entity2098 for infection, @entity344 . The need for corticosteroids was less after 6 months for T and the perioperative need for dialysis was lower with use of @entity2098 . CONCLUSION: This final report confirms similar @entity1 survival and graft survival up to 4 years with a trend towards fewer episodes of rejection, lower need for @entity230 , and better perioperative renal function. However, the complex nature of LTx @entity1 and their posttransplantation course prevents the routine application of @entity2098 .

title: A prospective randomized trial of XXXX and prednisone versus @entity1140 , prednisone and mycophenolate mofetil in primary adult liver transplantation: a single center report.

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['myelosuppression, and/or gastrointestinal disturbances']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['Tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity6051 :: ('CHEBI:168396', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['tacrolimus']


abstract: Importance: Blood transfusion can be a lifesaving treatment for the surgical @entity1 , yet transfusion-related immunomodulation may underlie the association of allogeneic transfusion with increased perioperative morbidity and possibly poorer long-term oncologic outcomes. Objective: To evaluate trends in transfusion rates for major abdominal oncologic resections to assess changes in recent clinical practice (given the accumulating evidence of the deleterious effects of blood transfusion). Design, Setting, and @entity1 : Retrospective review of a population-based registry of all hospitals participating in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (2005-2013 @entity1 Use Data Files), which was queried for @entity1 who underwent major resection of a pancreatic, hepatic, or gastric @entity5 . Data analysis was performed from July to August 2015. Main Outcome and Measures: The primary outcome was the transfusion of any quantity of packed red blood cells. Transfusion rates were calculated for the perioperative period, which was defined as the time from the start of surgery to 72 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes included @entity2737 , @entity583 , and @entity177 , and the rates of these complications were calculated as well. Trend analysis was performed for each year of data to evaluate for changes over the study period. Results: A total of 19   680 @entity1 (median age, 65.0 years [interquartile range, 57.0-73.0 years]) were identified, of whom 5900 (30.0%) received a blood transfusion (of 13   657 @entity1 who underwent a pancreatic resection, 4074 required transfusion [29.8%]; of 1605 @entity1 who underwent a gastric resection, 378 required transfusion [23.6%]; and of 4418 @entity1 who underwent a hepatic resection, 1448 required transfusion [32.8%]). There was a significant trend toward decreasing rates of transfusion during the study period (z   =   -7.89, P   <   .001), which corresponded to an absolute 6.1% decrease in the rate of transfusion of packed red blood cells from 2005 to 2013 (ie, from 32.8% to 26.7%). There was no significant change in the rates of @entity6081 or @entity177 during this time period, but there was an increased rate of perioperative @entity583 during the study period (0.33% absolute increase; z   =   3.15, P   =   .002). Conclusions and Relevance: Over 9 years of contemporary practice, a trend of less perioperative blood transfusions for oncologic abdominal surgery was observed. Further studies are needed to assess whether these trends reflect changes in operative techniques, hospital cohorts, or transfusion thresholds.

title: Blood Transfusion in Major Abdominal Surgery for XXXX : A Trend Analysis Using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Participant', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity6081 :: ('MESH:D013530', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative wound infection']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumor']

entities_list: @entity2737 :: ('MESH:D014946', 'Disease') :: ['wound infection']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Malignant Tumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In up to 30  % of @entity1 with @entity10915 , no germline mutation in the known genes @entity1412 , causing @entity1412 , @entity20701 , causing @entity20701 -associated @entity1412 , and POLE or @entity14824 , causing Polymerase-Proofreading-associated @entity1412 can be identified, although a hereditary etiology is likely. To uncover new causative genes, exome sequencing was performed using DNA from leukocytes and a total of 12 @entity2513 from seven unrelated @entity1 with unexplained sporadic @entity1412 . For data analysis and variant filtering, an established bioinformatics pipeline including in-house tools was applied. Variants were filtered for rare truncating point mutations and copy-number variants assuming a dominant, recessive, or @entity5 suppressor model of inheritance. Subsequently, targeted sequence analysis of the most promising candidate genes was performed in a validation cohort of 191 unrelated @entity1 . All relevant variants were validated by Sanger sequencing. The analysis of exome sequencing data resulted in the identification of rare loss-of-function germline mutations in three promising candidate genes ( @entity17920 , @entity64908 , @entity70094 ). In the validation cohort, further variants predicted to be pathogenic were identified in @entity17920 and @entity64908 . According to the somatic mutation spectra, the @entity652 in this @entity1 cohort follow the classical pathways of colorectal tumorigenesis. The present study identified three candidate genes which might represent rare causes for a predisposition to @entity2513 formation. Especially @entity64908 ( @entity64908 ) and @entity70094 ( @entity70094 ) warrant further exploration. To evaluate the clinical relevance of these genes, investigation of larger @entity1 cohorts and functional studies are required.

title: Exome sequencing identifies potential novel candidate genes in @entity1 with unexplained XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity10915 :: ('MESH:C563924', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal adenomatous polyposis']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['familial adenomatous polyposis', 'polyposis', 'adenomatous polyposis', 'APC']

entities_list: @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal adenomas', 'colorectal adenoma']

answer: @entity10915 :: (MESH:C563924,Disease) :: ['colorectal adenomatous polyposis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current strategies for management of acute @entity583 ( @entity583 ) include thrombolysis, angioplasty, and coronary bypass surgery singly or in combination. This study was designed to identify contemporary risk factors for coronary bypass surgery among @entity1 in this high-risk group. METHODS: Between June 1992 and December 1995, 1181 consecutive @entity1 underwent isolated coronary bypass surgery. Of these, 316 underwent coronary bypass surgery within 21 days of @entity583 . Mean age was 65 years (range, 33 to 87 years), and 73% were male. There were 166 @entity1 with @entity5749 (group 1), 107 @entity1 with @entity1459 requiring intravenous @entity1242 for a control of @entity63 (group 2), 20 @entity1 with angina requiring @entity661 for stabilization (group 3), and 23 @entity1 with severe postinfarction @entity63 complicated by @entity1455 (group 4). RESULTS: The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 5.1% (16 of 316), which was higher (p < 0.05) than the 2.5% (22 of 865) among @entity1 undergoing coronary bypass surgery without recent @entity583 . Mortality increased with severity of clinical preoperative status and was 1.2% in group 1, 3.7% in group 2, 20.0% in group 3, and 26% in group 4. Serious postoperative morbidity occurred in 7.3% of @entity1 . Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified preoperative @entity661 , left @entity67 , and @entity177 as the only independent correlates of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Coronary bypass surgery can be safely performed in stable @entity1 at any time after acute @entity583 , with an operative mortality similar to elective surgery. Thus, in this era of medical cost containment, there is no apparent indication for prolonged stabilization attempts that delay surgery.

title: Risk analysis of coronary bypass surgery after acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroglycerin']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity5749 :: ('MESH:D060050', 'Disease') :: ['stable angina']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['intraaortic balloon counterpulsation']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that minimally invasive radical prostatectomy (MRP) and open radical prostatectomy (ORP) have similar short-term clinical and functional outcomes. MRP with robotic assistance is generally more expensive than ORP, but it is not clear whether subsequent costs of care vary by approach. METHODS: In the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) @entity5 registry linked with Medicare claims, @entity1 aged 66 years or older who received MRP or ORP in 2003 through 2006 for @entity263 were identified. Total cost of care was estimated as the sum of Medicare payments from all claims for hospital care, outpatient care, physician services, home health and hospice care, and durable medical equipment in the first year from the date of surgical admission. The impact of surgical approach on costs was estimated, controlling for @entity1 and disease characteristics. RESULTS: Of 5445 surgically treated @entity263 @entity1 , 4454 (82%) had ORP and 991 (18%) had MRP. Mean total first-year costs were more than  1200 greater for MRP compared with ORP ( 16,919 vs  15,692; P = .08). Controlling for @entity1 and disease characteristics, MRP was associated with 2% greater mean total payments, but this difference was not statistically significant. First-year costs were greater for @entity1 who were older, black, lived in the Northeast, had lymph node involvement, more @entity5 stage, or greater comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS: In this population-based cohort of older @entity1 , MRP and ORP had similar economic outcomes. From a payer's perspective, any benefits associated with MRP may not translate to net savings compared with ORP in the first year after surgery.

title: Costs of medical care after open or minimally invasive XXXX surgery: a population-based analysis.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['advanced tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The management of @entity8479 ( @entity8479 ) has been included as a standard of care in our therapeutic algorithm after diagnosis of @entity63 ( @entity63 ), following cardiac surgery. This report is an updated review of our results compared to previous experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, observational, cohort study on a series of 26 @entity1 (20 males, 6 females, mean age 75.2 years, min 64, max 83) who developed @entity63 , out of 7.719 @entity1 undergoing cardiac operations (january 2005 - December 2014). The initial treatment consisted of laparotomy with abdominal decompression and temporary abdominal closure, performing visceral resections just in case of gangrenous tracts and providing for a "secondlook" during the variable period of resuscitation and vacuum assisted dressing. RESULTS: A non-occlusive mesentheric @entity63 with diffuse visceral underperfusion was confirmed in every case. Temporary abdominal closure was applied to treat @entity8479 in every case, 13 @entity1 required associated resection of gangrenous tracts (50%). Seventeen @entity1 died following first operation as a consequence of @entity881 (65.4%). Nine @entity1 survived (34.6%) and underwent re-establishment of intestinal continuity and definitive closure of abdominal wall within 30 DAYS. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: @entity63 occuring after cardiac surgery is associated with an increase of intra-abdominal pressure and subsequent @entity8479 . Basing on this case series, an early @entity8479 treatment using open abdomen techniques may be results in a better outcome of critically injured cardiac @entity1 . These results compared favourably with literature experiences (mortality rate > 85%). KEY WORDS: @entity8479 , @entity63 , Cardiac surgery.

title: Acute mesenteric ischemia after cardiac surgery. Role of the XXXX treatment.

entities_list: @entity8479 :: ('MESH:D059325', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal compartment syndrome', 'Abdominal compartment syndrome', 'ACS']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ failure']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['acute mesentheric ischemia', 'AMI', 'Acute mesentheric ischemia', 'ischemia']

answer: @entity8479 :: (MESH:D059325,Disease) :: ['abdominal compartment syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: High-throughput sequencing (HTS) analysis of microbial communities from the respiratory airways has heavily relied on the 16S rRNA gene. Given the intrinsic limitations of this approach, airway microbiome research has focused on assessing bacterial composition during health and disease, and its variation in relation to clinical and environmental factors, or other microbiomes. Consequently, very little effort has been dedicated to describing the functional characteristics of the airway microbiota and even less to explore the microbe-host interactions. Here we present a simultaneous assessment of microbiome and host functional diversity and host-microbe interactions from the same RNA-seq experiment, while accounting for variation in clinical metadata. METHODS: Transcriptomic (host) and metatranscriptomic (microbiota) sequences from the nasal epithelium of 8 @entity748 and 6 healthy controls were separated in silico and mapped to available @entity1 and NCBI-NR protein reference databases. @entity1 genes differentially expressed in @entity748 and controls were then used to infer upstream regulators involved in immune and inflammatory responses. Concomitantly, microbial genes were mapped to metabolic databases (COG, SEED, and KEGG) to infer microbial functions differentially expressed in @entity748 and controls. Finally, multivariate analysis was applied to find associations between microbiome characteristics and host upstream regulators while accounting for clinical variation. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Our study showed significant differences in the metabolism of microbiomes from asthmatic and non-asthmatic @entity1 for up to 25% of the functional properties tested. Enrichment analysis of 499 differentially expressed host genes for inflammatory and immune responses revealed 43 upstream regulators differentially activated in @entity565 . Microbial adhesion (virulence) and Proteobacteria abundance were significantly associated with variation in the expression of the upstream regulator @entity1192 ; suggesting that microbiome characteristics modulate host inflammatory and immune systems during @entity565 .

title: Dual Transcriptomic Profiling of Host and Microbiota during Health and Disease in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatics']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human', 'Human']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['Pediatric Asthma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several inflammatory cytokines play a key part in the induction of @entity170 . Until now, involvement of the Th2 cytokine @entity22597 ( @entity22597 ) in @entity170 hadn't yet been studied. @entity22597 is a proinflammatory cytokine mediating multiple immune functions, whose involvement in a wide range of diseases, such as @entity483 , @entity29 and @entity706 , is now emerging. Given the important role of @entity22597 in @entity32 , we measured its serum levels in postmenopausal @entity3604 @entity1 . METHODS AND RESULTS: In fifty-six postmenopausal females with @entity170 and 26 healthy controls, bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were performed by using calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) technique, confirmed at the lumbar spine and hip by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Both @entity1 and controls were divided according to age (less or more than 65  years) and disease severity (T-score levels and presence of @entity174 ). Serum @entity22597 levels were measured by ELISA technique. @entity3604 @entity1 exhibited elevated levels of serum @entity22597 compared with healthy controls (43.12        6.97 vs 29.58        6.09  pg/ml; p   <   0.049). @entity22597 expression was higher in over 65  years old @entity1 compared to age-matched controls (45        11.05 vs. 17.92        5.92; p   <   0.01), whereas in younger subjects no statistically significant differences were detected between @entity1 and controls (37.91        6.9 vs 32.08        8.2). No statistically significant differences were found between @entity22597 levels in @entity1 affected by mild (T-score   >   -3) compared to severe (T-score   <   -3) @entity170 (59.17        9.22 vs 37.91        10.52), neither between @entity174 and @entity3604 @entity1 (33.75        9.16 vs 51.25        8.9). CONCLUSIONS: We showed for the first time an increase of @entity22597 serum levels in postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity79 . Although they did not reflect the severity of @entity170 and/or the presence of @entity174 , they clearly correlated with age, as reflected by the higher levels of this cytokine in aged @entity1 .

title: Increased levels of @entity22597 ( @entity22597 ) in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['unfractured osteoporotic', 'Osteoporotic', 'osteoporotic']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fractured']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel diseases']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['decreased BMD']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['osteoporosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to evaluate changes in proteomic salivary profile of @entity1 with @entity3136 after @entity5 treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples were collected from @entity1 after @entity5 therapies, and were analyzed by means of SELDI/ @entity215 . @entity1 were separated in two groups: @entity1 affected by @entity33 ( @entity33 ) and @entity1 without @entity33 (NO @entity33 ). All @entity1 were divided in function of the anticancer treatment: @entity1 who had radiotherapy ( @entity33 RADIO), had not radiotherapy ( @entity33 NO RADIO), had chemotherapy ( @entity33 CHEMO) and those who had not chemotherapy ( @entity33 NO CHEMO). Statistical evaluation PCA (Principal Component Analysis), was conducted with the software BIO-RAD Data Manager (   ) (Version 3.5). RESULTS: We found the increased peaks of 3443, 3487, 4135 m/z in @entity33 group, while 6237 m/z was reduced. The same peaks would the same modifications in @entity33 RADIO, while in @entity33 CHEMIO are increased 3443 and 6237 m/z but 3487, 4135 m/z are reduced. These data were confirmed by the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). CONCLUSION: Anticancer therapy influenced the level expression of many salivary biomarkers in @entity33 with a good significance. Therefore 3443, 3487, 4135 and 6237 m/z are good biomarker candidates of @entity3136 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Expression of salivary biomarkers in @entity1 with XXXX : evaluation by SELDI- @entity215 /MS.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['oral mucositis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['adjuvant cancer']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['MUCOSITIS', 'mucositis']

answer: @entity3136 :: (MESH:D013280,Disease) :: ['Oral Mucositis']


abstract: Influence of excessive intake of @entity620 (AA) on @entity167 induced @entity407 was investigated. In the present study four groups of male @entity840 were maintained for 30 days as follows: (1) Control group (1 mg AA/100 g body wt). (2) @entity1068 group (I mg AA + 9 g @entity1068 /100 g body wt). (3) AA group (25 mg AA/100 g body wt). (4) AA + @entity1068 group (25 mg AA/100 g body wt + 9 g @entity1068 100 g body wt). It was shown that tissue @entity620 concentration increased with the intake of mega dose of AA. @entity167 administration depleted tissue @entity620 content. But coadministration of AA and @entity167 enhanced AA levels in comparison with the @entity1068 group. @entity167 induced @entity407 was reduced in almost all the tissues by the intake of @entity620 . This was observed to be due to increased hepatic catabolism of @entity165 to @entity3645 . However cholesterogenesis was enhanced as evidenced by the increased HMG CoA activity. Thus the results indicate that the mega dose of AA ingestion is beneficial in reducing @entity167 induced @entity407 and @entity26177 .

title: Interaction of @entity1068 and @entity620 on lipid metabolism in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity26177 :: ('MESH:D001206', 'Disease') :: ['AA deficiency']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['ascorbic acid']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol', 'Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity3645 :: ('MESH:D001647', 'Chemical') :: ['bile acids']

entities_list: @entity1068 :: ('MESH:D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethanol', 'ethanol']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea pigs']


abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are @entity219 dependent endopeptidases implicated in @entity5 invasion and @entity3 . Gelatin zymography was performed on 84 @entity1 @entity0 and seven normal breast tissues. The precursor form of @entity1476 (72 kDa) was found in 11 (12%) samples, while its two activated forms, i.e. 62 kDa and 59 kDa, were found in three (6%) and 34 (40%) samples respectively. In contrast to @entity1476 , most of the samples (52%) contained @entity1495 in its precursor form. Using ELISA, @entity3334 levels were found in 12% of the samples while @entity1549 levels were found in only 2% of the samples. Levels of @entity1476 correlated inversely with numbers of nodal metastases. Neither @entity5379 levels were significantly related to @entity1 outcome. However, @entity1 with high levels of a 50-kDa gelatinase band after zymography had a significantly better survival than @entity1 with low levels. This species was never observed in normal breast tissue.

title: Assay of matrix metalloproteinases types 1, 2, 3 and 9 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: A recessive single gene mutant, 7B-1, in @entity523 was originally selected for its photoperiod-dependent male sterility. The 7B-1 mutant also has some pleiotropic effects including reduced light-induced inhibition, i.e. de-etiolation, of the hypocotyl in long days (LD), increased seed size and weight, and reduced transpiration rate. These traits led us to investigate the sensitivity of 7B-1 to exogenous hormones and the interaction of these responses with daylength. In LD, but not in short days (SD), 7B-1 was more sensitive than wild-type (WT) to exogenous @entity2271 ( @entity2272 ) for inhibition of seed germination, root elongation and transpiration rate. 7B-1 mutant also exhibited reduced responses to exogenous @entity15150 (GA(3)) for hypocotyl elongation, and to inhibitors of GA biosynthesis for seed germination and root and hypocotyl elongation. 7B-1 hypocotyls contained a higher level of endogenous @entity2272 than WT in both photoperiods, although @entity2272 levels were higher in LD than in SD. In contrast, growth-active GAs, i.e. GA(1), GA(3) and GA(4), and IAA were low in the mutant hypocotyls. The 7B-1 mutant appears to be an @entity2272 -overproducer, and the photoperiod-regulated @entity2272 levels may be responsible for the @entity56 of the mutant to exogenous @entity2272 .

title: Reduced de-etiolation of hypocotyl growth in a @entity523 mutant is associated with XXXX to, and high endogenous levels of, @entity2271 .

entities_list: @entity2271 :: ('MESH:D000040', 'Chemical') :: ['abscisic acid']

entities_list: @entity15150 :: ('CHEBI:28833', 'Chemical') :: ['gibberellin']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['hypersensitivity']


abstract: We report a case of @entity7555 in a 20-year-old @entity1 diagnosed after visiting an eye clinic with a chief complaint of reduced visual acuity. A male university student aged 20 years was referred to our department complaining of blurred @entity227 that had persisted for 1 month. He also noted @entity10 , @entity390 , and @entity809 in the lower extremities around the same time. The visual acuity of his right and left eye was 20/40 and 20/20, respectively. @entity3171 and @entity1713 were present. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed no @entity1504 , while elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressure, reduced nerve conduction velocity in both lower extremities, @entity828 , M proteinemia, high blood @entity7 levels, osteoblastic and osteolytic changes in the spine, and atypical plasma cells in @entity79 were noted. From the above findings, the @entity1 was diagnosed with @entity7555 . He received high-dose @entity619 , @entity2816 , and radiotherapy on the sacral mass, followed by high-dose melphalan with autologous stem-cell support, and showed subsequent systemic and ophthalmologic improvement. Here, we report the youngest case ever of @entity7555 with @entity52469 . If @entity1 have @entity3171 in both eyes with no intracranial space-occupying lesion, @entity7555 should be considered in differential diagnosis, regardless of age.

title: POEMS Syndrome in a 20-year-old XXXX Diagnosed Following a Complaint of Reduced Visual Acuity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['vision in both eyes']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['serous retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['paresthesia']

entities_list: @entity2816 :: ('MESH:D013792', 'Chemical') :: ['thalidomide']

entities_list: @entity52469 :: ('MESH:D005132', 'Disease') :: ['ocular manifestation']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity828 :: ('MESH:C535727', 'Disease') :: ['hepatosplenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone lesions']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity7555 :: ('MESH:D016878', 'Disease') :: ['POEMS syndrome']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity3171 :: ('MESH:C531767', 'Disease') :: ['Optic disc edema', 'optic disc edema']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Weight assessment is a critical aid in @entity1 care. It is particularly important in monitoring progression of pregnancies, @entity712 status, and when adjusting medications. Although weight is generally determined using a scale, few studies have evaluated the precision of non-household scales. The objective of this study was to assess scale precision across a variety of settings. METHODS: An evaluation of scales from randomly selected primary care clinics (n=30), diabetology/endocrinology clinics (n=7), @entity353 facilities (n=25), and @entity410 centers (n=30) was performed. Assessments were completed on a total of 223 scales: 94 from primary care clinics, 32 from diabetology/endocrinology clinics, 39 from @entity353 centers, and 58 from @entity410 centers. Scales were assessed for condition, location in facility, resting surface, commercial designation, and calibration history. Scale precision was validated using 100 lb. (45.5 kg), 150 lb. (68.3 kg), 200 lb. (90.9 kg), and 250 lb. (113.6 kg) certified weights. RESULTS: Overall, scales demonstrated decreased precision with increased weight. At higher weights, more than 15% of scales were off by more than 6 lbs. (2.3 kg), approximately 1 Body Mass Index (BMI) unit. While facility type was not significant, condition, location in facility, resting surface, commercial designation, and calibration history were significant. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that many scales used to measure body weight are imprecise and that scales in health care settings are no more precise than those in other facilities. Clinical decisions based on scales that are imprecise have the potential to cause iatrogenic complications in @entity1 care.

title: Precision in weighing: a comparison of scales found in physician offices, XXXX centers, and @entity353 centers.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['fitness']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the fact that new drugs have emerged from clinical research in @entity5 during the last decade, the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity1442 remains poor with a median survival of 12 to 14 months. We designed a feasibility study of @entity136 and @entity901 (GO) in @entity1 with advanced @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Twenty @entity1 received bimonthly cycles of @entity136 1500 mg/m2 and @entity901 85 mg/m2. The cycles were given at 2-week intervals without @entity1261 support. Thirteen @entity1 were treated with the GO combination as first-line chemotherapy because of a poor performance status or a @entity1011 clearance < 1 ml/s. RESULTS: The median number of cycles of GO was 5 (1-7). The median number of days between cycles was 14 throughout the treatment. Seven (8%) out of 87 cycles had to be delayed because of @entity1398 or @entity1395 . A 25% dose reduction in the doses of cytotoxic drugs was necessary in 2 @entity1 . Chemotherapy was stopped before the sixth cycle because of an early death related to a @entity583 in 1 @entity1 , a grade 3 @entity16 in 1 @entity1 and a progressive disease in 9 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Using these doses and schedules, the GO regimen appears a safe therapy for @entity1 with advanced @entity5 . Phase II studies are required to assess the possible role of this combination in advanced @entity5 .

title: XXXX and @entity901 in advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium: a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial cancer']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['Gemcitabine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Pharmacological treatments for @entity2146 and @entity146 in @entity1 with @entity195 have shown limited efficacy. The authors assessed the heterogeneity of response to @entity837 in the @entity837 for Agitation in @entity195 (CitAD) study to identify individuals who may be helped or harmed. METHOD: In this double-blind parallel-group multicenter trial of 186 @entity1 with @entity195 and clinically significant @entity2146 , @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive @entity837 or placebo for 9 weeks, with the dosage titrated to 30 mg/day over the first 3 weeks. Five planned potential predictors of treatment outcome were assessed, along with six additional predictors. The authors then used a two-stage multivariate method to select the most likely predictors; grouped @entity1 into 10 subgroups by their index scores; and estimated the @entity837 treatment effect for each. RESULTS: Five covariates were likely predictors, and treatment effect was heterogeneous across the subgroups. @entity1 for whom @entity837 was more effective were more likely to be outpatients, have the least @entity73 , have moderate @entity2146 , and be within the middle age range (76-82 years). @entity1 for whom placebo was more effective were more likely to be in long-term care, have more severe @entity73 , have more severe @entity2146 , and be treated with @entity2934 . CONCLUSIONS: Considering several covariates together allowed the identification of responders. Those with moderate @entity2146 and with lower levels of @entity73 were more likely to benefit from @entity837 , and those with more severe @entity2146 and greater @entity73 were at greater risk for adverse responses. Considering the dosages used and the association of @entity837 with @entity1162 , use of this agent to treat @entity2146 may be limited to a subgroup of @entity1 with @entity303 .

title: Heterogeneity of Treatment Response to XXXX for @entity1 With @entity195 With Aggression or Agitation: The CitAD Randomized Clinical Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity837 :: ('MESH:D015283', 'Chemical') :: ['citalopram', 'Citalopram']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['Alzheimer Disease', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac QT prolongation']

entities_list: @entity2934 :: ('MESH:D008140', 'Chemical') :: ['lorazepam']

answer: @entity837 :: (MESH:D015283,Chemical) :: ['Citalopram']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The lateral line found in some amphibians and fishes has two distinctive classes of sensory organs: mechanoreceptors (neuromasts) and electroreceptors (ampullary organs). Hair cells in neuromasts can be damaged by @entity5292 antibiotics and they will regenerate rapidly afterward. @entity5292 sensitivity and the capacity for regeneration have not been investigated in ampullary organs. We treated @entity30721 ( @entity30721 ) larvae with @entity5154 and observed loss and regeneration of sensory hair cells in both organs by labeling with DASPEI and @entity4653 ( @entity4653 ). The numbers of sensory hair cells in both organs were reduced to the lowest levels at 6 hours post-treatment (hpt). New sensory hair cells began to appear at 12 hpt and were regenerated completely in 7 days. To reveal the possible mechanism for ampullary hair cell regeneration, we analyzed cell proliferation and the expression of neural placodal gene eya1 during regeneration. Both cell proliferation and eya1 expression were concentrated in peripheral mantle cells and both increased to the highest level at 12 hpt, which is consistent with the time course for regeneration of the ampullary hair cells. Furthermore, we used Texas Red-conjugated @entity801 in an uptake assay following pre-treatment with a cation channel blocker ( @entity6478 ) and found that entry of the antibiotic was suppressed in both organs. Together, our results indicate that ampullary hair cells in @entity30721 larvae can be damaged by @entity5154 exposure and they can regenerate rapidly. We suggest that the mechanisms for @entity5292 uptake and hair cell regeneration are conserved for mechanoreceptors and electroreceptors. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: @entity5154 Damage and Regeneration of Hair Cells in Both Mechanoreceptor and Electroreceptor Lateral Line Organs of the Larval @entity30721 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity6478 :: ('MESH:D000584', 'Chemical') :: ['amiloride']

entities_list: @entity5292 :: ('D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['Aminoglycoside', 'aminoglycoside']

entities_list: @entity5154 :: ('MESH:D009355', 'Chemical') :: ['neomycin']

entities_list: @entity30721 :: ('27689', 'Species') :: ['Acipenser baerii', 'Siberian sturgeon']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['SEM', 'scanning electron microscopy']

answer: @entity30721 :: (27689,Species) :: ['Acipenser baerii']


abstract: @entity1832 ( @entity1832 ) accounts for 15-20% of all autopsy confirmed @entity303 in old age. Characteristic histopathological changes are intracellular @entity1832 and Lewy neurites, with abundant senile plaques but sparse neurofibrillary tangles. Core clinical features are fluctuating @entity73 , persistent @entity1833 and @entity21 ( @entity304 ). One of these core features has to be present for a diagnosis of possible @entity1832 , and two for probable @entity1832 . Supportive features are repeated falls, @entity1163 , transient @entity909 , @entity3326 , delusions and @entity1833 in other modalities. @entity1832 is clinically under-diagnosed and frequently misclassified as systemic @entity933 or @entity303 due to @entity195 or @entity66 . Therapeutic approaches to @entity1832 can pose difficult dilemmas in pharmacological management. Neuroleptic medication is relatively contraindicated because some @entity1 show severe @entity3326 , which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Antiparkinsonian medication has the potential to exacerbate @entity716 symptoms and may be relatively ineffective at relieving @entity21 . Recently there is converging evidence that treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors can offer a safe alternative for the symptomatic treatment of cognitive and neuropsychiatric features in @entity1832 . This review will focus on the clinical characteristics of @entity1832 , its differential diagnosis and on possible management strategies.

title: XXXX with lewy bodies--diagnosis and treatment.

entities_list: @entity3326 :: ('MESH:D009459', 'Disease') :: ['neuroleptic sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementias', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['visual hallucinations', 'hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity1832 :: ('MESH:D020961', 'Disease') :: ['Lewy bodies', 'DLB', 'Dementia with Lewy bodies']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['extrapyramidal motor symptoms']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['Dementia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to evaluate changes in proteomic salivary profile of @entity1 with @entity3136 after @entity5 treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples were collected from @entity1 after @entity5 therapies, and were analyzed by means of SELDI/ @entity215 . @entity1 were separated in two groups: @entity1 affected by @entity33 ( @entity33 ) and @entity1 without @entity33 (NO @entity33 ). All @entity1 were divided in function of the anticancer treatment: @entity1 who had radiotherapy ( @entity33 RADIO), had not radiotherapy ( @entity33 NO RADIO), had chemotherapy ( @entity33 CHEMO) and those who had not chemotherapy ( @entity33 NO CHEMO). Statistical evaluation PCA (Principal Component Analysis), was conducted with the software BIO-RAD Data Manager (   ) (Version 3.5). RESULTS: We found the increased peaks of 3443, 3487, 4135 m/z in @entity33 group, while 6237 m/z was reduced. The same peaks would the same modifications in @entity33 RADIO, while in @entity33 CHEMIO are increased 3443 and 6237 m/z but 3487, 4135 m/z are reduced. These data were confirmed by the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). CONCLUSION: Anticancer therapy influenced the level expression of many salivary biomarkers in @entity33 with a good significance. Therefore 3443, 3487, 4135 and 6237 m/z are good biomarker candidates of @entity3136 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Expression of salivary biomarkers in XXXX with @entity3136 : evaluation by SELDI- @entity215 /MS.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['oral mucositis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['adjuvant cancer']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['MUCOSITIS', 'mucositis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bloodstream infections in @entity3124 @entity1 are associated with mortality as high as 60% and a prolonged hospital stay. We evaluated the impact of @entity8307 ( @entity8307 ) in a @entity3124 . METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated adults with intensive care unit admission greater than 72  hours and @entity2259 . Two groups were evaluated: appropriate antibiotic therapy (AAT) vs @entity8307 . RESULTS: In 72 episodes of @entity2259 , 57 (79%) AAT and 15 (21%) @entity8307 , mean age was 54    17  years and APACHE II of 17    8. Time to appropriate antibiotics was longer for @entity8307 (3    5 @entity8307 vs 1    1 AAT days, P = .003). @entity8307 was seen primarily with Acinetobacter spp (33% @entity8307 vs 9% AAT, P = .01) and @entity6375 (26% @entity8307 vs 7% AAT, P = .03). If 2 or more @entity2749 occurred, Acinetobacter spp. was more likely, 32% vs 2%, P = .001. CONCLUSIONS: AAT selection is imperative in critically @entity1 with @entity2259 to reduce the significant impact of inappropriate selection. Repeated episodes of @entity2259 should receive special attention.

title: Impact of inappropriate initial antibiotics in @entity3124 surgical XXXX with @entity2259 .

entities_list: @entity2749 :: ('MESH:C580065', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremic episodes']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill surgical cohort with bacteremia', 'critically ill']

entities_list: @entity8307 :: ('MESH:D004761', 'Disease') :: ['IAAT', 'inappropriate antibiotic therapy']

entities_list: @entity6375 :: ('1352', 'Species') :: ['Enterococcus faecium']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity6196 ( @entity6196 ) of the pancreas is extremely rare. Although the diagnosis of @entity6196 is suggested by the light microscopic appearance of the @entity5 , it should be confirmed by the immunohistochemical evaluation of the @entity517 expression and if possible, further determination of the particular chromosome translocation, t(11;22)(q24,q12). In this report, we present a male @entity1 with pancreatic @entity10476 who had been followed up for 50 months. The related literature is also reviewed. In our case, the pathologic diagnosis was based on the positive immunoreactivity for @entity3778 in many of the @entity5 cells. The complementary cytogenetic studies were not possible in the private setting of the @entity1 's treatment. The @entity1 was 31 years old when first operated. Within 4 months of the first operation he had local recurrence. In the third year of his follow-up he had been discovered to have pulmonary metastases and another @entity3 in his lung was diagnosed the year after. The metastatic foci were primarily treated by surgical resections. He had chemotherapy after each resection of pulmonary metastatic foci. After 50 months of the initial surgical intervention, he succumbed to widespread thoracic and bone metastases. Because of the extreme rarity of @entity10476 in the pancreas, and its rather protracted course, we think our case may further contribute to the ever expanding database for this particular entity.

title: XXXX . A case report of an extremely rare @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity6196 :: ('MESH:D018242', 'Disease') :: ['PNET', 'Primitive neuroectodermal tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumor']

answer: @entity6196 :: (MESH:D018242,Disease) :: ['Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the pancreas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Few studies have examined the clinical characteristics of @entity1 with lesions in the deep parietal operculum facing the sylvian fissure, the region recognized as the secondary somatosensory area (SII). Moreover, surgical approaches in this region are challenging. In this paper the authors report on a @entity1 presenting with @entity302 with a @entity5 in the left deep parietal operculum. The @entity1 was a 24-year-old @entity1 who suffered daily partial @entity410 with extremely uncomfortable @entity809 and/or occasional @entity158 on his right side. MRI revealed a @entity5 in the medial aspect of the anterior transverse parietal gyrus, surrounding the posterior insular point. Long-term video electroencephalography monitoring with scalp electrodes failed to show relevant changes to @entity410 . Resection with cortical and subcortical mapping under awake conditions was performed. A negative response to stimulation was observed at the subcentral gyrus during language and somatosensory tasks; thus, the transcortical approach (specifically, a transsubcentral gyral approach) was used through this region. Subcortical stimulation at the medial aspect of the anterior parietal gyrus and the posterior insula around the posterior insular point elicited strong @entity809 and @entity158 in his right side, similar to manifestation of his @entity410 . The @entity5 was completely removed and pathologically diagnosed as @entity1893 . His @entity302 disappeared without @entity16 postoperatively. In this case study, 3 points are clinically significant. First, the clinical manifestation of this case was quite rare, although still representative of @entity302 . Second, the location of the lesion made surgical removal challenging, and the transsubcentral gyral approach was useful when intraoperative mapping was performed during awake surgery. Third, intraoperative mapping demonstrated that the @entity1 experienced @entity158 with electrical stimulation around the posterior insular point. Thus, this report demonstrated the safe and effective use of the transsubcentral gyral approach during awake surgery to resect deep parietal @entity75 , clarified electrophysiological characteristics in the SII area, and achieved successful @entity5 resection with good control of @entity302 .

title: A case of secondary @entity302 with a left deep parietal opercular lesion: successful XXXX resection using a transsubcentral gyral approach during awake surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['opercular lesions']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['dysesthesia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deterioration']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy', 'SII epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Strains of the @entity6329 @entity6329 group have been extensively studied because some are used as probiotics in foods. Conversely, their phages have received much less attention. Here we analyze the complete genome sequence of five @entity6983 temperate phages, CL1, CL2, iLp84, iLp1308 and iA2. Only phage iA2 could not replicate in an indicator strain. Genome length varied from 34,155 bp (iA2) to 39,474 bp (CL1). Phages iA2 and iLp1308 (34,176 bp) possess the smallest genomes reported, so far, for phages of the @entity6329 group. The GC content of the five ranged from 44.8% to 45.6%. As observed with many other phages, their genome was organized as follows: genes coding for DNA packaging - morphogenesis - lysis - lysogeny - replication. Phages CL1, CL2 and iLp1308 are highly related to each other. Phage iLp84 was also related to these three phages but the similarities were limited to gene products involved in DNA packaging and structural proteins. Genomic fragments of phages CL1, CL2, iLp1308 and iLp84 were found in several genomes of @entity6329 strains. Prophage iA2 is unrelated to these four phages but almost all of its genome was found in at least four @entity6329 strains. Overall, these phages are distinct from previously characterized @entity6329 phages. Our results highlight the diversity of @entity6329 phages and indicate frequent DNA exchanges between phages and their hosts.

title: Genomic diversity of phages infecting probiotic strains of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6329 :: ('1582', 'Species') :: ['L. casei', 'Lactobacillus', 'casei']

answer: @entity6983 :: (1597,Species) :: ['Lactobacillus paracasei']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1092 ( @entity3262 ) is a neurotherapeutic drug prescribed for @entity410 , @entity162 and @entity2704 , including @entity1 of reproductive age. @entity3262 is a well-known teratogen that produces @entity600 in many organs including the nervous system, as well as @entity245 , including @entity1032 and @entity2438 . In developing brain, few studies have examined @entity3262 effects on glial cells, particularly astrocytes. To investigate effects on primary glial precursors, we developed new cell culture and in vivo models using frontal cerebral cortex of postnatal day (P2) @entity35 . In vitro, @entity3262 exposure elicited dose-dependent, biphasic effects on DNA synthesis and proliferation. In vivo @entity3262 (300 mg/kg) exposure from P2 to P4 increased both DNA synthesis and cell proliferation, affecting primarily astrocyte precursors, as >75% of mitotic cells expressed brain lipid-binding protein. Significantly, the consequence of early @entity3262 exposure was increased astrocytes, as both @entity21078 + cells and glial fibrillary acidic protein were increased in adolescent brain. Molecularly, @entity3262 served as an HDAC inhibitor in vitro and in vivo, as enhanced proliferation was accompanied by increased histone acetylation whereas it elicited changes in culture in cell-cycle regulators, including @entity68959 , and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, @entity7504 and @entity5447 . Collectively, these data suggest clinically relevant @entity3262 exposures stimulate glial precursor proliferation, though at higher doses can elicit inhibition through differential regulation of CDK inhibitors. Because changes in glial cell functions are proposed as mechanisms contributing to @entity146 , these observations suggest @entity3262 teratogenic actions may be mediated through changes in astrocyte generation during development. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: @entity1092 stimulates proliferation of glial precursors during cortical gliogenesis in developing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['Valproic acid']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['later neurodevelopmental disorders']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital malformations']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: AIM: Despite the reported occurrence of @entity4500 of @entity3384 , little is known about their prevalence in @entity1 from Northern Finland with @entity3384 . The aim was to investigate the prevalence of @entity4500 among @entity1 with different types of clefts in Northern Finland. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Design and Statistics: @entity1 records of 139 subjects aged three years and older (with clefts treated in Oulu University Hospital, Finland during the period 1996-2010 (total n. 183) were analysed for @entity4500 including the number of teeth, morphological @entity600 and their association with the cleft type. The analyses were carried out using Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Differences between the groups were considered statistically significant at p values < 0.05. RESULTS: More than half of the @entity1 had clefts of the hard palate, 18% of the lip and palate, and 13% of the lip. At least one @entity4500 was detected in 47% of the study population. Almost one in three (26.6%) subjects had at @entity154 and 17.9% had two or three anomalies. The most common @entity154 in permanent teeth were missing teeth followed by supernumerary teeth. Supernumerary teeth were significantly more apparent when the lip was involved in the cleft compared with palatal clefts. Missing teeth were less prevalent among those 5 years or younger. The prevalence of different anomalies was significantly associated with the cleft type in both age groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4500 are more prevalent among cleft @entity1 than in the general population in Finland. The most @entity154 associated with cleft were missing and supernumerary teeth.

title: @entity4500 associated with XXXX in Northern Finland.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['type of anomaly', 'least one anomaly', 'prevalent anomalies']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['and developmental anomalies']

entities_list: @entity4500 :: ('MESH:D014071', 'Disease') :: ['dental anomalies', 'dental anomaly', 'Dental anomalies']

entities_list: @entity3384 :: ('MESH:D002971', 'Disease') :: ['cleft lip and palate']

answer: @entity3384 :: (MESH:D002971,Disease) :: ['cleft lip and palate']


abstract: The objective of this study was to describe the exposure to non-corticosteroid treatments in adult primary @entity3039 ( @entity3039 ) @entity1 before the chronic phase at a nationwide level. Study population is derived from the 2009-2011 cohort of the French Adult Immune @entity882 : a French pHarmacoepidemiological study (FAITH, no. ENCEPP 4574). The FAITH cohort includes all incident and persistent or chronic adult primary @entity3039 @entity1 treated in France. It was built through the nationwide French health insurance database, called SNIIRAM. For the present study, we included FAITH @entity1 who were followed by at least 12months and who had at least one exposure to a non-corticosteroid treatment before the @entity3039 chronic phase. Exposure to non-corticosteroid treatments was searched through in- and out-hospital dispensing. Predictors of the choice among first-line non-corticosteroid treatments (rituximab, splenectomy or other drugs) were studied using a multinomial regression. The study population included 443 @entity1 . Non-corticosteroid treatments used in more than 10% of the @entity1 at any time before the chronic phase were: rituximab (57.8%), splenectomy (22.1%), TPO-RAs (16.8%), repeated intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) courses (15.0%), danazol (14.4%) and dapsone (10.8%). Rituximab was the most used first-line non-corticosteroid treatment (45.4%). TPO-RAs and dapsone were more frequently used after 65years of age (respectively, 24.8% versus 12.8%, p=0.01 and 17.6% versus 7.2%, p=0.0008), unlike splenectomy (16.4% versus 25.2%, p=0.03). Age over 65years was the sole independent predictor of first-line non-corticosteroid treatment choice. In conclusion, rituximab was the leading non-corticosteroid treatment used before the chronic phase. TPO-RAs were mainly used in accordance with their labeling. IVIgs were consistently used as a chronic non-corticosteroid treatment.

title: Exposure to non-corticosteroid treatments in adult primary XXXX before the chronic phase in the era of thrombopoietin receptor agonists in France. A nationwide population-based study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['ITP', 'immune thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombocytopenia']

answer: @entity3039 :: (MESH:D016553,Disease) :: ['immune thrombocytopenia']


abstract: The aim of the present work was to study @entity148 among school age students suffering from @entity565 . The study was conducted on a total number of 146 @entity748 preparatory school students, attending the @entity565 clinic in Sporting Students' Hospital in Alexandria Governorate. The study was performed during the period from June to September 1997. A matching control of 223 non- @entity748 students from the preparatory school in the East educational zone in Alexandria Governorate were also included in the study. The study was carried out through a cross-sectional approach. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data about, the general characteristics of the sample, interpersonal and inter-parental relationships, school performance and the attitude and behavior of mothers towards their @entity748 @entity1 . The Arabic version of State-Trait @entity148 Inventory (STAI) was used to identify @entity1 with @entity148 state. The present result revealed that 24.7% of the @entity748 students were anxious, with a higher preponderance among @entity1 than @entity1 (26.6%, 21.2%, respectively). Bad interpersonal and inter-parental relationships had increased the risk of occurrence of @entity148 state among @entity748 @entity1 . Also, poor scholastic achievement was more encountered among @entity748 who had @entity148 . The development of @entity565 education programs to increase parents', @entity1 's and teachers' awareness of @entity565 symptoms and @entity565 trigger events was recommended.

title: @entity148 among school age @entity1 suffering from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic', 'asthmatics']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A collateral circulation which supplies a myocardial territory, subtended by a chronic total occlusion (CTO), may be observed at invasive coronary angiography. The prognostic and protective role of such collateralisation is well demonstrated suggesting that a good collateral circulation may be a predictor of @entity296 , but current evidence is discrepant. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between collateralisation from the @entity296 by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). METHOD: Consecutive @entity1 with CTO having had both CMR and invasive coronary angiography were retrospectively identified. The collateral circulation was graded with the Cohen and Rentrop classification. CMR images were graded per segment for wall motion (1: normal/ @entity71 , 2: hypokinetic, 3: @entity2845 , or 4: dyskinetic) and wall motion score index (WMSI) was calculated. The segmental transmurality of late @entity2287 enhancement was scored as 1 (0%), 2 (1-25%), 3 (26-50%), 4 (51-75%) and 5 (76-100%). RESULTS: A good collateral circulation was more likely to supply viable myocardium (p=0.01). There was no relationship between collateral circulation supply and wall motion score index (WMSI), however, increasing transmurality of LGE was significantly associated with higher mean WMSI representing increasing dysfunctional myocardium (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The presence of collateral coronary circulation at angiography predicts the presence of @entity65 , with a gradation of greater viability associated with improving Rentrop grade. A collateral circulation at angiography should, therefore, prompt more formal assessment of viability and consideration of revascularisation in order for the @entity1 to obtain the associated functional and prognostic improvement.

title: The relationship between the contralateral collateral supply and XXXX on cardiovascular magnetic resonance: Can the angiogram predict functional recovery?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['contralateral epicardial vessels and myocardial viability', 'myocardial viability']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkinetic']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['viability on cardiovascular MRI']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['myocardial viability']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We sought to assess the impact of @entity535 (18)F-fluoro-ethyl-tyrosine (FET) positron emission tomography (PET) on the volumetric target definition for radiation therapy of high-grade @entity11 versus the current standard using MRI alone. Specifically, we investigated the influence of @entity5 grade, MR-defined @entity5 volume, and the extent of surgical resection on PET positivity. METHODS: Fifty-four consecutive high-grade @entity11 @entity1 (World Health Organization grades III-IV) with confirmed histology were scanned using FET-PET/CT and T1 and T2/fluid attenuated inversion recovery MRI. Gross @entity5 volume and clinical target volumes (CTVs) were defined in a blinded fashion based on MRI and subsequently PET, and volumetric analysis was performed. The extent of the surgical resection was reviewed using postoperative MRI. RESULTS: Overall, for    90% of the @entity1 , the PET-positive volumes were encompassed by T1 MRI with contrast-defined @entity5 plus a 20-mm margin. The @entity5 volume defined by PET was larger for @entity11 grade IV (P < .001) and smaller for @entity1 with more extensive surgical resection (P = .004). The margin required to be added to the MRI-defined @entity5 in order to fully encompass the FET-PET positive volume tended to be larger for grade IV @entity5 (P = .018). CONCLUSION: With an unchanged CTV margin and by including FET-PET for gross @entity5 volume definition, the CTV will increase moderately for most @entity1 , and quite substantially for a minority of @entity1 . @entity1 with grade IV @entity11 were found to be the primary candidates for PET-guided radiation therapy planning.

title: Impact of [18F]-fluoro-ethyl-tyrosine PET imaging on target definition for radiation therapy of high-grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino-acid']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['glioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anaesthetic drugs act at sites within the brain that undergo profound changes during typical ageing. We postulated that anaesthesia-induced brain dynamics observed in the EEG change with age. METHODS: We analysed the EEG in 155 @entity1 aged 18-90 yr who received @entity1875 (n=60) or @entity2614 (n=95) as the primary anaesthetic. The EEG spectrum and coherence were estimated throughout a 2 min period of stable anaesthetic maintenance. Age-related effects were characterized by analysing power and coherence as a function of age using linear regression and by comparing the power spectrum and coherence in young (18- to 38-yr-old) and elderly (70- to 90-yr-old) @entity1 . RESULTS: Power across all frequency bands decreased significantly with age for both @entity1875 and @entity2614 ; elderly @entity1 showed EEG oscillations    2- to 3-fold smaller in amplitude than younger adults. The qualitative form of the EEG appeared similar regardless of age, showing prominent alpha (8-12 Hz) and slow (0.1-1 Hz) oscillations. However, alpha band dynamics showed specific age-related changes. In elderly compared with young @entity1 , alpha power decreased more than slow power, and alpha coherence and peak frequency were significantly lower. Older @entity1 were more likely to experience burst suppression. CONCLUSIONS: These profound age-related changes in the EEG are consistent with known neurobiological and neuroanatomical changes that occur during typical ageing. Commercial EEG-based depth-of-anaesthesia indices do not account for age and are therefore likely to be inaccurate in elderly @entity1 . In contrast, monitoring the unprocessed EEG and its spectrogram can account for age and individual @entity1 characteristics.

title: The Ageing Brain: Age-dependent changes in the electroencephalogram during XXXX and @entity2614 general anaesthesia.

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane']

answer: @entity1875 :: (MESH:D015742,Chemical) :: ['propofol']


abstract: PURPOSE: Traditional Kasai portoenterostomy and porto-appendiceal duodenostomy have been utilized for @entity2876 . Differences in outcome between @entity1 who underwent either Kasai portoenterostomy or porto-appendiceal duodenostomy were compared. METHODS: A review of all @entity1 who underwent a drainage procedure for @entity2876 from 1986 to 2000 (n = 30) was performed. Age at drainage procedure, subsequent liver transplantation, and outcomes were evaluated. Outcome variables included success rates (total @entity648 < 2.0 mg/dL) and survival rate. Statistical analysis was done with chi2 and Student's t test. RESULTS: Long-term follow-up was available on 28 of 30 @entity1 . Age at biliary drainage was insignificant. Success rates between porto-appendiceal duodenostomy (31%) and Kasai portoenterostomy (82%) were statistically significant. Survival rate for @entity1 who underwent a Kasai portoenterostomy was 10 of 11 @entity1 . Survival rate for @entity1 who underwent porto-appendiceal duodenostomy was 14 of 16 @entity1 . Overall survival rate was comparable between porto-appendiceal duodenostomy (88%) and Kasai portoenterostomy (91%). CONCLUSIONS: Although overall survival rate was comparable, @entity1 who underwent porto-appendiceal duodenostomy were less successful in alleviating @entity3638 compared with Kasai portoenterostomy. This is shown further by the greater incidence of subsequent liver transplantation in @entity1 with prior porto-appendiceal duodenostomy. Although the appendix may serve as an alternative biliary conduit, traditional Kasai portoenterostomy appears to achieve better biliary drainage.

title: Comparison of drainage techniques for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity3638 :: ('MESH:D006932', 'Disease') :: ['hyperbilirubinemia']

entities_list: @entity2876 :: ('MESH:D001656', 'Disease') :: ['biliary atresia']

answer: @entity2876 :: (MESH:D001656,Disease) :: ['biliary atresia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity174 are not common and carry different clinical features when compared with adults. To clarify the differences of aetiology and patterns of @entity174 in paediatric @entity1 , a clinical retrospective analysis was performed. @entity1 : One hundred seventy-four paediatric @entity1 younger than 16 years of age treated in the First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka University Dental Hospital during a 15-year period were analysed. STUDY DESIGN: Age, sex, @entity174 patterns, incidence, common locations of the mandibular @entity174 and treatment were studied according to the @entity1 ' charts and radiographs. RESULTS: The ratio of @entity1 to @entity1 was 2:1 and the largest age subgroup was 15-years old. The most common cause of injury was bicycle accidents (26%), followed by falls (25%). The distribution of causes and ages revealed that the incidence of the fall-related @entity130 decreased in @entity1 older than 10 years, and assaults became a common cause in @entity1 older than 12 years. The yearly distribution showed a decrease of the group between 6 and 10 years and of bicycle-related accidents in the last 5-year period (1992-1996). @entity174 were most common (56%), followed by @entity174 (31%). Condylar @entity174 was common in @entity1 younger than 14 years, especially in those below 6 years. @entity174 of the mandibular angle were the most common in those above 13 years. CONCLUSION: These results document that the aetiological characters and patterns of paediatric maxillofacial @entity174 gradually shifted towards those found in adolescents.

title: XXXX : their aetiological characters and @entity174 patterns.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fractures of the alveolar process', 'Mandibular fractures', 'Paediatric maxillofacial fractures', 'Fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Paediatric maxillofacial fractures']


abstract: AIM: The application of @entity1026 (S) is limited due to its @entity137 ; @entity68483 ( @entity17265 ) is a derivative of @entity1026 . The aim was to employ @entity3392 embryos to investigate and compare the developmental @entity137 induced by S and @entity17265 . METHODS: The @entity137 of S and @entity17265 was examined through the hatching rate and survival rate. Morphological changes of the @entity3392 were observed with a dissecting microscope. Apoptosis was detected through @entity9186 (AO) staining and flow cytometry. Apoptotic genes were measured by RT-PCR. RESULTS: Embryo @entity600 was observed in the embryos exposed to S at 200  mol  L(-1). When @entity17265 concentration was increased to 1 mmol  L(-1), scoliolosis, and pericardial @entity4 could be seen in some embryos. Results from fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analysis showed that S at 200  mol  L(-1) induced apoptosis, whereas the apoptotic rate in the @entity17265 -treated group (200  mol  L(-1)) was much lower than that in the S group. RT-PCR analysis showed that @entity5096 mRNA expression and the ratio of @entity68484 / @entity68485 in the S group were significantly altered compared with the control group ((*)P < 0.05). Moreover, @entity68484 mRNA expression in both S and @entity17265 group were significantly different from that in the control group ((**)P <0.01). CONCLUSION: These results lead to the conclusion that @entity17265 has significantly lower @entity137 than S in @entity3392 embryos.

title: Toxic effects of @entity1026 and XXXX on @entity3392 embryos.

entities_list: @entity1026 :: ('MESH:D013331', 'Chemical') :: ['strychnine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformation']

entities_list: @entity68483 :: ('MESH:C083068', 'Chemical') :: ['strychnine N-oxide']

entities_list: @entity9186 :: ('MESH:D000165', 'Chemical') :: ['acridine orange']

answer: @entity68483 :: (MESH:C083068,Chemical) :: ['strychnine N-oxide']


abstract: AIMS: In vitro studies have demonstrated that formation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS) contributes to the effect of bactericidal antibiotics. The formation of ROS is not restricted to bacteria, but also occurs in @entity1 cells. Oxidative stress is linked to several diseases. This study investigates whether antibiotic drugs induce oxidative stress in healthy @entity1 as a possible mechanism for adverse reactions to the antibiotic drugs. METHODS: This study contains information from two randomised, controlled trials. @entity1 underwent one-week treatment with @entity4581 , @entity206 , @entity11121 ( @entity11121 ), or placebo. Oxidative modifications were measured as 24-hour urinary excretion of @entity20821 ( @entity20821 ), @entity47433 ( @entity47433 ), and plasma levels of @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) before and after treatment as a measurement of DNA oxidation, RNA oxidation, and lipid peroxidation, respectively. RESULTS: @entity4581 significantly increased urinary excretion of @entity20821 by 22.0 % (95% CI: 3.6-40.4 %) and @entity47433 by 14.9 % (95% CI: 3.7-26.1 %), which could be a possible mechanism to some of its adverse reactions. Further, we demonstrated that @entity206 significantly lowered urinary excretion of @entity20821 by 21.7 % (95% CI: 5.8-37.6 %), but did not influence urinary excretion of @entity47433 . @entity114 V did not influence urinary excretion of @entity20821 or @entity47433 . None of the antibiotic drugs influenced plasma levels of @entity1865 . CONCLUSION: @entity4581 significantly increases oxidative nucleic acid modifications. Increased oxidative modifications might explain some of @entity4581 's known adverse reactions. @entity206 significantly lowers DNA oxidation but not RNA oxidation. @entity11121 had no effect on oxidative nucleic acid modifications.

title: @entity4581 , XXXX , and @entity114 and oxidative nucleic acid modifications in @entity1 : randomised, controlled trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'humans', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity20821 :: ('MESH:C067134', 'Chemical') :: ["8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine", '8-oxodG']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['Penicillin']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity4581 :: ('MESH:D017291', 'Chemical') :: ['Clarithromycin', 'clarithromycin']

entities_list: @entity47433 :: ('MESH:C046215', 'Chemical') :: ['8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine', '8-oxoGuo']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity11121 :: ('MESH:D010404', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin V', 'phenoxymethylpenicillin', 'Penicillin V']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['Trimethoprim', 'trimethoprim']

answer: @entity206 :: (MESH:D014295,Chemical) :: ['trimethoprim']


abstract: This report describes a case of @entity1756 into the bladder after repair of an @entity1028 . Aortic repair consisted of resection of the @entity439 followed by prosthetic interposition to reestablish arterial continuity. During the postoperative period, the @entity1 had @entity63 of left colon, which was successfully treated by the Hartmann procedure. A right internal @entity1029 measuring 50 mm in diameter was demonstrated by an abdominal CT scan during the initial hospitalization but was considered stable, since ultrasonography showed no change in diameter at 3 months and 1 year. The @entity1 was lost from follow-up until 3 years later when he was hospitalized after @entity397 of the right @entity1029 , then measuring 120 mm in diameter, into the bladder. Surgical repair was undertaken. The procedure involved aortobifemoral bypass with suture of the @entity1494 and branches of the internal iliac artery by the endoaneurysmal route. Postoperative recovery was uneventful. Upon reexamination 1 month after discharge from the hospital, the @entity1 was asymptomatic. This rare case confirms the gravity of internal @entity1029 and the importance of therapeutic management to prevent @entity397 .

title: Rupture of internal @entity1029 into the bladder following aortic XXXX repair.

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder defect']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1029 :: ('MESH:D017543', 'Disease') :: ['iliac artery aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured internal iliac artery aneurysm']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysm']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity2553 has been associated with @entity726 , but its mechanisms have not been elucidated. The present study was designed to evaluate the role of @entity2232 , a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor, in the genesis of @entity2553 in @entity726 . METHODS: Our sample contained @entity1 with @entity1538 (n = 43) and subjects with normal @entity735 and without acral @entity2553 (n = 27). After the eligibility visit, all subjects underwent a provocative cooling test, consisting of wearing for 30 minutes a head-vest cooling garment containing coolant fluid. Blood was collected before and after cooling, and plasma @entity2232 was determined by immunoassay. In addition, visual fields and retinal blood flow, measured with a confocal scanning laser and Doppler flowmeter, were measured before and after cooling. Peripheral finger flow, skin temperature, and blood pressure were monitored during the experiment. A recovery visit was performed within 1 month, when visual field and retinal blood flow measurements were repeated. RESULTS: Baseline plasma @entity2232 levels were similar between @entity1 with @entity726 and control subjects (mean +/- SD: 2.81 +/- 1.29 and 2.56 +/- 1.36 pg/mL, respectively, P = 0.465). @entity1 with @entity726 , however, had a significant increase in plasma @entity2232 after cooling (mean +/- SD increase of 34% +/- 52%, P = 0.001), not observed in control subjects (mean +/- SD increase of 7% +/- 43%, P = 0.750). No significant @entity227 was observed after cooling in either group. @entity1 with @entity726 who had evidence of acral @entity2553 , however, were more likely to show @entity227 after cooling than @entity1 without acral @entity2553 (P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity726 have an abnormal increase in plasma @entity2232 after the body cools. It is possible that at least in some @entity1 , increased levels of @entity2232 in response to vasospastic stimuli may be involved in the pathogenesis of @entity16 .

title: Effects of cold-induced XXXX in @entity726 : the role of @entity2232 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['change in visual fields or retinal blood flow', 'deterioration in visual fields']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open-angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous damage']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['nonglaucomatous eyes']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['Vasospasm', 'vasospasm']

answer: @entity2553 :: (MESH:D020301,Disease) :: ['vasospasm']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: ABSTRACT Background: Recurrence of @entity6087 ( @entity6087 ) after surgical drainage is a significant problem with rates up to 20%. This study focuses on determining factors predictive of haematoma recurrence and presents a scoring system stratifying recurrence risk for individual @entity1 . Methods : Between the years 2005 and 2009, 331 consecutive @entity1 with @entity6087 treated with surgery were included in this study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed searching for risk factors of increased post-operative haematoma volume and haematoma recurrence requiring repeat drainage. Results: We found a 12% reoperation rate. CSDH septation (seen on computed tomogram scan) was found to be an independent risk factor for recurrence requiring reoperation (p=0.04). Larger post-operative subdural haematoma volume was also significantly associated with requiring a second drainage procedure (p<0.001). Independent risk factors of larger post-operative haematoma volume included septations within a CSDH (p<0.01), increased pre-operative haematoma volume (p<0.01), and a greater amount of parenchymal atrophy (p=0.04). A simple scoring system for quantifying recurrence risk was created and validated based on @entity1 age (< or >= 80 years), haematoma volume (< or >= 160cc), and presence of septations within the subdural collection (yes or no). Conclusion: Septations within @entity6087 are associated with larger post-operative residual haematoma collections requiring repeat drainage. When septations are clearly visible within a CSDH, craniotomy might be more suitable as a primary procedure as it allows greater access to a septated subdural collection. Our proposed scoring system combining haematoma volume, age, and presence of septations might be useful in identifying @entity1 at higher risk for recurrence.

title: Predicting Recurrence after XXXX Drainage.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6087 :: ('MESH:D020200', 'Disease') :: ['CSDHs', 'chronic subdural haematomas']

answer: @entity6087 :: (MESH:D020200,Disease) :: ['Chronic Subdural Haematoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Spinal fusion is a common orthopedic surgery in @entity1 and adolescents and is associated with high @entity158 levels postoperatively. If the @entity158 is not well managed, negative outcomes may ensue. To our knowledge, there is no measure in English that assesses @entity1 's satisfaction with postoperative @entity158 following idiopathic @entity1635 surgery. The aim of the present study was to assess the psychometric properties of the satisfaction subscale of the English version of the Satisfaction of Adolescents with @entity282 management - idiopathic @entity1635 ( @entity28215 ) scale. METHODS: Eighty-two @entity1 aged 10-18 years, who had undergone spinal fusion surgery, fully completed the @entity28215 scale at 10-14 days postdischarge. Construct validity was assessed through a principal component analysis using varimax rotation. RESULTS: Principal component analysis indicated a three-factor structure of the 13-item satisfaction subscale of the @entity28215 scale. Factors referred to satisfaction regarding current medication received (Factor 1), actions taken by nurses and doctors to manage @entity158 ( @entity8876 ) and information received after surgery (Factor 3). Cronbach's alpha was 0.91, showing very good internal consistency. Data on satisfaction and clinical outcomes were also reported. CONCLUSION: The @entity28215 is a valid and reliable measure of satisfaction with postoperative @entity158 that can be used in both research and clinical settings to improve @entity158 practices. Although it was developed and validated with adolescents who had undergone spinal fusion surgery, it can be used, with further validation, to assess adolescents' satisfaction with @entity158 in other postoperative contexts.

title: Validation of the scale on Satisfaction of Adolescents with XXXX management - idiopathic @entity1635 ( @entity28215 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['Scoliosis', 'scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain management', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative pain']

answer: @entity282 :: (MESH:D010149,Disease) :: ['Postoperative pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: With advancing age, the degree of dependency and occurrence of great @entity751 ( @entity751 ), also referred to as @entity2967 , grow substantially. DESIGN: The prospective cohort study was aimed at conducting an analysis and @entity751 ( @entity2967 ) among different age groups at admission to the acute geriatric department. SETTING, @entity1 : Between 1995 and 2012, we had altogether 12,210 elderly @entity1 at an average age of 80.5    7.0 y (range 65-103 y) hospitalised at the Department of Geriatrics. We divided the @entity1 set into three different age subgroups (65-74 y; 75-84 y and >=  85 y; e.g. 21.4 %; 47.9 % and 30.7 %) and compared the results among them. RESULTS: 3,787 @entity1 (31.0 %) were without any @entity751 . The growing tendency of the occurrence of all @entity751 in combinations with increased age (p < 0.001) is obvious. Their occurrence in the above mentioned different age sets was examined in relation to individual @entity751 and sex (female and male), namely falls 22.0 %, 27.8 %, 39.9 % and 20.5 %, 27.0 %, 36.1 %; immobility 26.4 %, 29.3 %, 42.5 % and 30.3 %, 30.1 % and 39.2 %; @entity322 38.4 %, 50.6 %, 69.5 % and 38.2 %, 47.4 %, 61.8 %; @entity303 and @entity73 13.4 %, 23.4 %, 38.1 % and 15.8 %, 24.3 %, 33.2 % respectively. Age cut-off for @entity751 occurrence based on ROC analysis is 83.5-84.5 y for females and 78.5-82.5 y for males. CONCLUSION: The occurrence of @entity2967 increasing with age and female gender is of crucial importance not only for individuals and families but also for demands on costs of health and social care in oncoming decades (Tab. 6, Fig. 3, Ref. 52).

title: Geriatric giants - contemporary occurrence in 12,210 in- XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity2967 :: ('MESH:D005870', 'Disease') :: ['geriatric giants']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['GS', 'comparison of geriatric syndromes', 'geriatric syndromes']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity15 ( @entity15 ) causes not only somatic, but also @entity73 regardless of the @entity1 *  age or the course of the disease. The Brief International Cognitive Assessment for @entity15 (BICAMS) test, published in 2011, is a short cognitive questionnaire: a fast, reliable, sensitive and specific tool for the evaluation of the @entity1 *  cognitive state. OBJECTIVES: Our primary objective was to assess the validity of the Hungarian version of the BICAMS test. Our secondary objective was to evaluate the impact of the @entity73 on the @entity1 * s quality of life and @entity1295 * s impact on the @entity1 *  cognitive state. METHODS: 65 RR- @entity15 @entity1 and 65 age, sex and education matched healthy control (HC) subjects completed the test and were retested after 3 weeks. The @entity1 also completed the @entity15 Quality of Life 54 (MSQoL54) and the Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS) assessments. Group differences were calculated by paired sample T-tests. The test-retest reliability was measured by intraclass correlation coefficients. To analyze the difference between the test-retest performances of the two groups we used two-way repeated measures ANOVA where the BICAMS battery was the single composite outcome and one-way repeated measures ANOVA. To assess the impact of the @entity73 on the @entity1 *  quality of life and @entity1295 * s impact on the cognitive state, we examined the correlations between results in the BICAMS and the MSQoL54 and FIS. RESULTS: We found significant difference (p <=0.001, p=0.017 in the first CVLT-II assessment) between @entity15 @entity1 and members of the HC group in all four evaluated parameters of BICAMS test in both sessions. The correlation coefficients were very strong between the tests and retests (r>0.8; p<0.001; r=0.678, p<0.001 between the CVLT-II assessments). We found that the HC group performed significantly (p=0.020) better in the retest sessions as compared to their original performance than the @entity1 did and this difference is solely due to the difference between the CVLT-II performances. We have found significant negative correlation between the @entity1 *  cognitive function and the @entity1295 score (r<-0.3, p<0.05). Seven of the MSQoL-54 subscales correlated with the BICAMS performance (r>0.3; p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The Hungarian version of the BICAMS test is a valid and reliable method for the evaluation of @entity15 @entity1 *  cognitive function. It seems that because of the short retest period, the members of the HC group remembered the CVLT-II words thus performed better than the @entity1 did. Also apparently @entity1295 can have a negative impact on the @entity1 *  cognitive state, and @entity73 could worsen the @entity1 *  quality of life.

title: The Hungarian validation of the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for XXXX (BICAMS) battery and the correlation of @entity73 with @entity1295 and quality of life.

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'Multiple Sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['Multiple Sclerosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Fasting and postprandial plasma @entity413 (FPG, @entity2017 ) control are both necessary to achieve glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) regulation goals. Liraglutide, based on its @entity5445 ( @entity5445 )-mediated pharmacology and pharmacokinetics may reduce HbA(1c) through both FPG and @entity2017 levels. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of once-daily liraglutide (0.6, 1.2, and 1.8 mg) at steady state on FPG, @entity2017 , postprandial insulin, and gastric emptying. METHODS: Eighteen subjects with type 2 @entity6 , aged 18-70 years, with a body mass index of 18.5-40 kg/m(2) and HbA(1c) of 7.0%-9.5% were included in this single-centre, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, two-period, cross over trial. @entity1 were randomized into two groups (A or B). Group A received oncedaily liraglutide for 3 weeks, followed by a 3-4-week washout period and 3 weeks of oncedaily placebo. Group B was treated as for Group A, but treatment periods were reversed (ie, placebo followed by liraglutide). A meal test was performed at steady-state liraglutide/placebo doses of 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8 mg/day. Plasma @entity413 , insulin, and @entity1443 ( @entity1443 ) concentrations (to assess gastric emptying) were measured pre- and postmeal. RESULTS: @entity2017 levels significantly decreased (P<0.001) after all three liraglutide doses when compared with placebo. This decrease was also apparent when corrected for baseline (incremental excursions), with the exception of average incremental increase calculated as area under the concentration curve (AUC) over the fasting value from time zero to 5 hours (iAUC (0-5 h)/5 hours) after liraglutide 0.6 mg, where there was a trend to decrease (P=0.082). In addition, FPG levels significantly decreased at all three liraglutide dose levels when compared to placebo (P<0.001). Fasting and postprandial insulin levels significantly increased with liraglutide versus placebo at all doses studied (P<0.001). A significant delay in gastric emptying during the first hour postmeal was observed at the two highest liraglutide doses versus placebo. CONCLUSION: In addition to lowering FPG levels, liraglutide improves @entity2017 levels (absolute and incremental) possibly by both stimulating postprandial insulin secretion and delaying gastric emptying.

title: The once-daily @entity1 @entity5445 ( @entity5445 ) analog liraglutide improves postprandial XXXX levels in type 2 @entity6 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol', 'acetaminophen']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity5445 :: ('2641', 'Gene') :: ['glucagon-like peptide 1', 'GLP-1']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity543 is a common manifestation of systemic @entity731 . Apart from traditional risk factors, genetic determinants, such as polymorphisms of the @entity916 angiotensin system (RAS), may be relevant in modulating the @entity731 process leading to @entity543 . In this study, we investigated the role of @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) I/D and @entity26699 , @entity2178 ( @entity2178 ) @entity7742 , and angiotensin type 1 receptor ( @entity7743 ) @entity7744 polymorphisms in modulating the susceptibility to the disease. METHODS: Eight hundred twenty-one consecutive @entity1 with severe @entity543 (>= 70%) and 847 control subjects were investigated. RESULTS: A significant difference in genotype distribution (P < .0001) and allele frequency (P < .0001) between @entity1 and controls for the @entity1289 I/D polymorphism, but not for the other single-nucleotide polymorphisms investigated, was observed. The @entity1289 D allele frequency was significantly higher in @entity1 without traditional risk factors in comparison with that observed in those with at least one risk factor (0.71 vs 0.61; P = .04). The @entity1289 D allele significantly influenced @entity543 under dominant, recessive, and additive model of inheritance at both univariate (P < .0001) and multivariate analysis (P < .0001). When the combined effect of RAS unfavorable alleles was considered, @entity1 carrying less than three alleles had a lower risk of @entity543 (odds ratio [OR], 0.79 [0.63-0.99]; P = .05), while carriers of more than four unfavorable alleles had an increased risk (OR, 1.44 [1.12-1.84]; P = .004), in comparison with subjects carrying three or four unfavorable alleles. @entity1289 D allele frequency was similar in @entity1 with and without additional @entity731 localizations (0.61 vs 0.62, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings evidence a role for @entity1289 I/D polymorphism in influencing the susceptibility to @entity543 , even in the absence of traditional risk factors. Interestingly, our findings provided further information concerning the role of this polymorphism in modulating the @entity731 process apart from its different localizations.

title: Association between polymorphisms of the XXXX angiotensin system and @entity543 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['ACE', 'angiotensin-converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['AGT', 'angiotensinogen']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis', 'Carotid stenosis']

answer: @entity916 :: (5972,Gene) :: ['renin']