abstract: OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the functional and radiologic results of surgical treatment in @entity1 with displaced @entity174 . METHODS: The study included 21 @entity1 (13 males, 8 females; mean age 35 years; range 21 to 63 years). Before surgery, all the @entity1 were evaluated with anteroposterior, iliac, and obturator oblique views and computed tomography scans. According to the Letournel-Judet classification, the @entity174 were simple in 10 @entity1 and complex in 11 @entity1 . Twelve @entity1 had posterior wall and/or the posterior column @entity174 . Four @entity1 underwent closed reduction under emergency settings for accompanying @entity3029 . The mean time to surgery was 4.8 days (range 1 to 13 days). Surgery was performed by the Kocher-Langenbeck approach (n=12), a triradiate approach (n=5), and a modified extended iliofemoral approach (n=4). Functional results were assessed by the D'Aubigne-Postel's knee scoring system and radiologic results using anteroposterior, iliac, and obturator oblique views. The mean follow-up was 31 months (range 19 to 64 months). RESULTS: Functional results were excellent in eight @entity1 (38.1%), good in seven (33.3%), satisfactory in four (19.1%), and poor in two @entity1 (9.5%). Radiologic examination showed posttraumatic @entity4040 in four @entity1 (19.1%), @entity2736 in three @entity1 (14.3%), and @entity2530 in two @entity1 (9.5%). Radiologic results were excellent and good in 16 @entity1 (76.2%), satisfactory in three @entity1 (14.3%), and poor in two @entity1 (9.5%). CONCLUSION: Clinical and radiologic results showed concordance. The presence of dislocations and inadequate reduction were associated with poor functional results.

title: [Clinical and radiologic results of surgically-treated XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['avascular necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4040 :: ('MESH:C537208', 'Disease') :: ['arthrosis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['acetabular fractures', 'fractures']

entities_list: @entity2736 :: ('MESH:D009999', 'Disease') :: ['heterotopic ossification']

entities_list: @entity3029 :: ('MESH:D004204', 'Disease') :: ['posterior dislocations']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['acetabular fractures']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 8184 Background: @entity10425 (C) or @entity1287 (HC) are commonly used to manage acute @entity158 crises in @entity1 with @entity3458 ( @entity3458 ). However, these medications often fail to provide adequate @entity158 relief, resulting in the need for alternative analgesics. Therefore, this study examined the characteristics associated with inadequate analgesic response to C and HC in @entity1 with @entity3458 . METHODS: Medical records were reviewed for 61 @entity1 with @entity3458 and a SS genotype who were prescribed either C- or HC-containing medications to manage an acute @entity158 crisis and had no evidence of severe @entity8 . Demographics, clinical characteristics and the number of ER visits/hospital admissions for an acute @entity158 crisis in which alternative analgesic therapy was administered, were recorded for the previous 12 months. RESULTS: There was substantial interpatient variability in the number of visits/admissions for an acute @entity158 crisis in the past year: mean (stdev) = 3.7    11. We found no significant differences in demographics or clinical characteristics between @entity1 who were above (n=11) and below (n=50) the mean number of visits/admissions, as shown in the table. However, there was a trend toward increased @entity1862 use among @entity1 above the mean number of visits/admissions (p=0.07). [Figure: see text] Conclusions: We found substantial interpatient variability in analgesic response to C and HC in @entity1 with @entity3458 , which could not be explained by demographic or clinical characteristics. These data suggest that other factors, such as @entity68819 or mu opioid receptor genotype, may contribute to the interpatient variability in C and HC response in @entity1 with @entity3458 . We are currently conducting a prospective study to determine the correlation between analgesic response, @entity68819 genotype, and @entity1286 concentrations following @entity10425 administration. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Interpatient variability in analgesic response to @entity10425 and XXXX in @entity3458 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal or hepatic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1862 :: ('MESH:D006918', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyurea']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['SCD', 'sickle cell disease']

entities_list: @entity1287 :: ('MESH:D006853', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocodone']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity10425 :: ('MESH:D003061', 'Chemical') :: ['codeine', 'Codeine']

answer: @entity1287 :: (MESH:D006853,Chemical) :: ['hydrocodone']


abstract: T cells play a pivotal role in initiating and orchestrating allergic responses in @entity565 . The goal of this work was to learn whether ragweed challenge in the lungs alters the T-cell repertoire expressed in the blood and lungs of @entity1097 . Analyses of cell numbers, differentials, and T-cell subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids showed that ragweed challenge was associated with preferential recruitment of @entity404 + T cells into the lungs. A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify T-cell receptor (TCR) gene transcripts from unfractionated, @entity404 +, and @entity405 + T cells in blood and BAL fluids. As judged by RT-PCR, the usage of TCR Valpha and Vbeta gene families in BAL fluids was similar to that in blood. Ragweed challenge did not change the levels of expression of these V gene families. The clonality of T cells was estimated by analyzing the diversity of TCR V-(D)-J junctional region @entity377 lengths associated with each Valpha and Vbeta gene family, using sequencing gel electrophoresis. Most V gene families in blood and BAL fluids were associated with multiple junctional region lengths before and after ragweed challenge, indicating polyclonal expression. Some V gene families were expressed in an oligoclonal manner in unfractionated, @entity404 +, and @entity405 + T cells in BAL fluids before ragweed challenge, as indicated by a few predominant junctional region lengths. The majority of these V gene families became polyclonal after challenge, compatible with polyclonal T-cell influx during @entity32 immediately after ragweed challenge. However, some V gene families became oligoclonal or developed a new oligoclonal pattern of junctional region lengths in BAL T cells after ragweed challenge. Surprisingly, this occurred in both @entity404 + and @entity405 + T cells. In one of these instances, DNA sequencing of Vbeta21 junctional regions in @entity405 + T cells confirmed a change from polyclonal to oligoclonal expression after ragweed challenge. These findings show that ragweed challenge is associated with polyclonal influx and oligoclonal activation of both @entity404 + and @entity405 + T cells in the lungs.

title: T-Cell repertoire in the blood and lungs of XXXX before and after ragweed challenge.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1097 :: ('MESH:C566404', 'Disease') :: ['atopic asthmatics']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity1097 :: (MESH:C566404,Disease) :: ['atopic asthmatics']


abstract: It is important to develop methods to prevent or reverse the @entity249 caused by chemotherapy or radiation therapy for @entity5 in @entity1 . Radiation and some chemotherapeutic agents kill spermatogonial stem cells, but we have shown that these cells survive in @entity35 , although they are unable to differentiate. There is evidence that this phenomenon also occurs in @entity1 . The block to spermatogonial differentiation in @entity35 is caused by some unknown change, either in the spermatogonia or the somatic elements of the testis, such that @entity251 inhibits spermatogonial differentiation. In the @entity35 , the spermatogenesis and fertility lost following treatment with radiation or some chemotherapeutic agents can be restored by suppressing @entity251 with @entity7438 ( @entity7438 ) agonists or antagonists, either before or after the cytotoxic insult. The applicability of this procedure to @entity1 is still unknown. Some anticancer regimens may kill all the stem cells, in which case the only option would be spermatogonial transplantation. However, in some cases stem cells survive and there is one report of stimulation of recovery of spermatogenesis with hormonal treatment. Clinical trials should focus on treating @entity1 with hormones during or soon after anticancer treatment. The hormone regimen should involve suppression of @entity251 production with minimum @entity342 supplementation used to improve the diminished libido.

title: Suppression of @entity251 stimulates recovery of spermatogenesis after XXXX treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity7438 :: ('25194(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['GnRH', 'gonadotropin releasing hormone']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to describe the effect of a @entity1534 eradication strategy on health care costs among a cohort of health maintenance organization (HMO) members with @entity10189 ( @entity10189 ). METHODS: @entity1 were identified from an outpatient diagnosis database and verified at chart review to have new-onset @entity10189 by @entity1729 or upper gastrointestinal radiographic series. Health plan registration and accounting databases were used to track costs over 12 months after initial diagnosis. Costs were analyzed separately for an initial 2-month interval and a 10-month follow-up period. Inpatient and pharmacy costs are those directly attributable to @entity10189 (either a @entity10189 -related discharge diagnosis or an antiulcer medication prescription). Outpatient costs are total costs. All cost differences were adjusted for age and gender. RESULTS: Twenty-seven of 93 @entity1 meeting selection criteria received @entity1534 treatment. During the 2-month treatment window, adjusted @entity10189 -related inpatient costs were higher for the @entity1534 treated group (difference,  234.00/ @entity1 ), whereas total outpatient costs and @entity10189 -related pharmacy costs were similar. During the 10-month follow-up period, @entity10189 -related inpatient and pharmacy adjusted costs were similar, but adjusted outpatient costs in the @entity1534 treated group were lower than in the untreated group (difference,  508.00/ @entity1 ). Total adjusted follow-up period costs were  555.00/ @entity1 less in the @entity1534 treated group (p = 0.05). Total 12-month costs in the @entity1534 treated group were  285.00/per @entity1 less than in untreated @entity1 , (p > 0.2); 30% of @entity1534 treated @entity1 were still receiving antisecretory therapy 1 yr after diagnosis, compared to 41.9% of untreated @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1534 treatment is associated with a decreased cost of follow-up care for @entity1 with @entity10189 , primarily due to decreased outpatient utilization.

title: A cost analysis of a XXXX eradication strategy in a large health maintenance organization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity10189 :: ('MESH:D010437', 'Disease') :: ['peptic ulcer disease', 'PUD']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['upper endoscopy']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

answer: @entity1534 :: (210,Species) :: ['Helicobacter pylori']


abstract: @entity320 has a poor prognosis and chemotherapy provides little benefit for most @entity1 . This may be related to heterogeneity of chemosensitivity as well as frequent constitutive resistance to individual cytotoxic drugs. We have therefore examined the heterogeneity of chemosensitivity in metastatic @entity320 specimens using an ex vivo @entity855 -based chemosensitivity assay ( @entity855 - @entity2974 ). @entity320 (n=55) in skin or lymph node were tested using the @entity855 - @entity2974 , performed in three separate laboratories. Analysis of the data collected (based on an arbitrary sensitivity index < 300) shows considerable heterogeneity of chemosensitivity. The most active single cytotoxic agents in the assay were identified as @entity900 , @entity21193 , @entity1311 , @entity5713 , @entity136 and @entity2664 . There was also a limited direct inhibition of @entity320 cell growth by @entity4020 , although this agent is known to have a number of indirect biological antitumor effects. Exposure of @entity5 cells to combinations of drugs at the concentrations tested as single agents showed the most active combinations to be @entity21193 + @entity136 , @entity900 + @entity1311 and @entity5713 + @entity1311 . There was considerable heterogeneity of chemosensitivity: some @entity5 responded well to one agent or combination, while others showed no response to this and instead responded to one of the alternatives tested. Occasional highly resistant @entity5 showed no response to any of the single agents or combinations tested. The degree of heterogeneity observed suggests that the @entity855 - @entity2974 could be used to select @entity1 who might benefit from specific chemotherapeutic agents alone or in combination. This provides the rationale for future randomized controlled trials of @entity855 - @entity2974 -directed chemotherapy versus physician's choice to determine whether assay-directed chemotherapy can improve @entity1 response and survival.

title: Heterogeneity of chemosensitivity of metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity21193 :: ('MESH:C018404', 'Chemical') :: ['treosulfan']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity2664 :: ('MESH:D008942', 'Chemical') :: ['mitoxantrone']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

entities_list: @entity4020 :: ('3440', 'Gene') :: ['interferon-alpha2b']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'cutaneous melanoma', 'Melanoma deposits', 'Advanced melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['cutaneous melanoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1526 , @entity1526 is caused by @entity1527 . Between 10% and 30% of infected @entity1 develop the chronic form, with predominance of the cardiac and gastrointestinal forms. @entity296 leads to @entity712 , @entity943 and @entity1031 phenomena, and may cause @entity64 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We report two @entity1 , a 57 year old @entity1 and a 52 year old @entity1 , carriers of the chronic cardiac form of @entity1526 , with @entity64 . In both @entity1 , serology was positive for @entity1526 (indirect hemagglutination and indirect immunofluorescence). The causes of @entity64 were ruled out on carotid and transcranial Doppler studies. RESULTS: The @entity1 had previously had an @entity1188 of the left middle cerebral artery. She was admitted with a @entity64 involving the vertebrobasilar territory. On Holter studies there was second degree @entity713 and the electrocardiogram showed severe dilated @entity296 . On magnetic resonance studies there was an old left temporoparietal @entity1188 and recent ischaemia of the pons and cerebral peduncle. She was anticoagulated and a pacemaker implanted. The @entity1 had a right @entity2500 . His electrocardiogram showed @entity955 and left anterosuperior block. The echocardiogram showed @entity1002 and concentric @entity123 . CONCLUSIONS: The chronic cardiac form of @entity1526 should be included in the differential diagnosis of @entity64 of cardioembolic origin both in endemic areas and in countries to which @entity1 exposed to infection during the early years of life emigrate.

title: [ XXXX of cardioembolic origin in @entity1526 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['man', 'persons', 'woman', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardiopathy', 'Chagas myocardiopathy']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'cardioembolic strokes', 'atherothrombotic stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity1527 :: ('5693', 'Species') :: ['Trypanosoma cruzi']

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular block']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery infarct']

entities_list: @entity1526 :: ('MESH:D014355', 'Disease') :: ['American trypanosomiasis', 'Chagas disease']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity123 :: ('MESH:D024741', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['dysrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Investigation into the effect of cumulative subconcussive head impacts has yielded various results in the literature, with many supporting a link to @entity51 . @entity306 has been conducted on @entity1 's lacrosse and associated @entity51 from head impacts. HYPOTHESES: (1) Athletes will commit more errors on the postseason Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) test. (2) There will be a positive correlation to change in BESS scores and head impact exposure data. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 3. METHODS: Thirty-four Division I @entity1 's lacrosse players (age, 19.59    1.42 years) wore helmets instrumented with a sensor to collect head impact exposure data over the course of a competitive season. Players completed a BESS test at the start and end of the competitive season. RESULTS: The number of errors from pre- to postseason increased during the double-leg stance on foam ( P < 0.001), tandem stance on foam ( P = 0.009), total number of errors on a firm surface ( P = 0.042), and total number of errors on a foam surface ( P = 0.007). There were significant correlations only between the total errors on a foam surface and linear acceleration ( P = 0.038, r = 0.36), @entity542 criteria ( P = 0.024, r = 0.39), and Gadd Severity Index scores ( P = 0.031, r = 0.37). CONCLUSION: Changes in the total number of errors on a foam surface may be considered a sensitive measure to detect @entity51 associated with cumulative subconcussive head impacts sustained over the course of 1 lacrosse season, as measured by average linear acceleration, @entity542 criteria, and Gadd Severity Index scores. If there is microtrauma to the vestibular system due to repetitive subconcussive impacts, only an assessment that highly stresses the vestibular system may be able to detect these changes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Cumulative subconcussive impacts may result in @entity149 , including @entity51 , which are associated with an increased risk for injury. The development of a strategy to reduce total number of head impacts may curb the associated sequelae. Incorporation of a modified BESS test, firm surface only, may not be recommended as it may not detect changes due to repetitive impacts over the course of a competitive season.

title: Correlation of Head Impacts to Change in Balance Error Scoring System Scores in Division I XXXX 's Lacrosse Players.

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['neurocognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits', 'balance deficits']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['Little research']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Men']


abstract: To evaluate recovery function of and effects of hyperventilation (HV) on high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) of median nerve somatosensory evoked potential (SEP), we recorded SEPs in 8 @entity191 ( @entity191 ) @entity1 with enlarged HFOs, 4 @entity3148 ( @entity3148 ) @entity1 and 10 healthy volunteers (N). SEP was recorded from the hand sensory area contralateral to the median nerve stimulated at the wrist. Responses were amplified with filters set at 0.5 and 3000 Hz. HFOs were obtained by digitally filtering raw SEPs from 500 to 1000 Hz. We measured amplitudes of the N20 onset-peak (N20o-p), N20 peak- @entity4667 peak (N20p- @entity4667 ), @entity4667 peak- @entity30649 peak ( @entity4667 - @entity30649 ), the early (1st-2nd) and late (3rd) HFOs. For the recovery function study, paired-pulse stimuli at various interstimulus intervals (20, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 300 ms) were given. To investigate effects of HV, amplitudes of several components of SEPs recorded after HV were compared with those before HV. In @entity191 and @entity3148 , the N20o-p recovery curve showed significantly less suppression as compared with those of N. The @entity4667 - @entity30649 recovery curve of @entity3148 showed longer suppression than those of N and @entity191 . There were no significant differences in the early or late HFOs recovery curves among three groups. At the dysinhibited state after HV, the late HFO was reduced in association with a significant enlargement of the N20p- @entity4667 amplitude in normal subjects. This suggests that the late HFOs should reflect bursts of inhibitory interneurons. In the @entity3148 @entity1 , the early HFOs significantly decreased by HV. The pattern in @entity3148 @entity1 may be explained by a kind of compensation for already enhanced SEPs (giant SEP) in the dysinhibited situation. We conclude that (1) Giant HFOs are normally regulated by inhibitory neuronal systems involving in paired stimulation SEP. (2) The late HFOs must reflect bursts of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons.

title: Recovery function of and effects of hyperventilation on somatosensory evoked high-frequency oscillation in XXXX and @entity3148 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity3148 :: ('MESH:D004831', 'Disease') :: ['ME', 'myoclonus epilepsy']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4091 Background: To evaluate the feasibility of @entity416 and @entity901 combination therapy (CapOx) in unresectable or metastatic @entity420 of the biliary system. @entity1 AND METHODS: 56 pts (25M, 31F) were included (median age, 63 yrs). Major eligibility: histologic proven, measurable disease, age 18-75 yrs, ECOG PS 0-2. A total number of 250 cycles (median: 5; range 1-16) of @entity901 (130 mg/m2, d1) plus @entity416 (2000 mg/m2, d 1-14) were administered 3 weekly for @entity1086 ( @entity1086 ) (20 pts), extrahepatic (20 pts), and intrahepatic (16 pts) @entity201 ( @entity201 ). Pts were assessed for response according to WHO standard criteria. Clinical outcome was determined separately for pts with either @entity1086 /extrahepatic @entity201 or intrahepatic @entity201 (mass-forming type), because these two distinct presentations have been supposed to differ substantially from each other according to clinical behaviour. RESULTS: Grade 4 @entity137 (WHO) were @entity294 in 1 pt (1% of cycles), @entity882 in 1 pt (1%), @entity1431 in 1 pt (1%), and fever in 2 pts (1%); grade 3 @entity137 were: @entity294 in 2 pts (1%), @entity882 in 3 pts (2%), and fever in 1 pt (1%). Grade 3/4 @entity1897 (L  vis scale) was found in 10 pts (15%). Two pts were removed from study due to @entity901 -related @entity56 . One @entity1 harboring intrahepatic @entity201 died with @entity326 after the first treatment cycle. On 31 evaluable pts with @entity1086 or extrahepatic @entity201 the response-rate was as follows: complete response (CR), 2 pts (6% of the pts); partial response (PR), 7 pts (23%); stable disease (NC) 15 pts (48%). Thus, the overall disease control rate (CR + PR + NC) was 77%, whereas 7 pts (23%) had @entity74 ( @entity74 ). In contrast, in 16 evaluable pts with intrahepatic mass-forming @entity201 no CR or PR was observed, but 4 pts (25%) were found to have NC, and in 12 pts (75%) @entity74 was encountered. CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary data suggest the CapOx regimen to be well tolerable and highly active for advanced @entity1086 and extrahepatic @entity201 (disease-control rate: 77%), whereas outcome might be poorer in intrahepatic @entity201 . Survival data will be presented at the meeting. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A multicenter phase II study of XXXX plus @entity901 (CapOx) in advanced biliary system @entity420 .

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral sensory neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma', 'CCC']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reactions']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'progressive disease']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['GBC', 'gallbladder carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity416 :: (MESH:C110904,Chemical) :: ['capecitabine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prevention of IgE-binding to cellular IgE-receptors by anti-IgE (Omalizumab) is clinically effective in @entity56 , but limited by IgE threshold-levels. To overcome this limitation, we developed a single-use IgE immunoadsorber column (IgEnio). IgEnio is based on a recombinant, IgE-specific antibody fragment and can be used for the specific extracorporeal desorption of IgE. OBJECTIVE: To study safety and efficacy of IgEnio regarding the selective depletion of IgE in a randomized, open-label, controlled pilot trial in @entity1 with @entity56 and to investigate if IgEnio can bind @entity13093 immune complexes. METHODS: Fifteen subjects were enrolled and randomly assigned to the treatment group (n=10) or to the control group (n=5). Immunoadsorption was done by veno-venous approach, processing the twofold calculated plasma volume during each treatment. A minimum average IgE-depletion of 50% after the last cycle in the intention-to-treat population was defined as primary endpoint. Safety of the treatment was studied as secondary endpoint. In addition, possible changes in allergen-specific sensitivity were investigated, as well as clinical effects by peak flow measurement and symptom-recording. The depletion of @entity13093 immune complexes was studied in vitro. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02096237) and conducted from December 2013 to July 2014. RESULTS: IgE immunoadsorption with IgEnio selectively depleted 86.2% (  5.1% SD) of IgE until the end of the last cycle (p<0.0001). Removal of pollen allergen-specific IgE was associated with a reduction of allergen-specific basophil-sensitivity and prevented increases of allergen-specific skin-sensitivity and clinical symptoms during pollen seasons. IgEnio also depleted @entity13093 immune complexes in vitro. The therapy under investigation was safe and well-tolerated. During a total of 81 aphereses, 2 severe adverse events (SAE) were recorded, one of which, an episode of acute @entity1353 , possibly was related to the treatment and resolved after administration of @entity8610 and @entity288 . CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study indicates that IgE immunoadsorption with IgEnio may be used to treat @entity1 with pollen-induced @entity56 . Furthermore, the treatment could render @entity56 @entity1 with highly elevated IgE-levels eligible for the administration of Omalizumab and facilitate the desorption of @entity13093 complexes. This study was funded by Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH, Bad Homburg, Germany.

title: Extracorporeal IgE Immunoadsorption in XXXX : Safety and Efficacy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity13093 :: ('MESH:C535745', 'Disease') :: ['IgE-Omalizumab']

entities_list: @entity8610 :: ('MESH:D006633', 'Chemical') :: ['antihistamines']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic asthma', 'allergic']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['Allergic Asthma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Retrospective analysis of the results of rt-PA thrombolysis in the treatment of acute @entity1031 occlusion of the upper limb. METHODS: Of 55 @entity1 with demonstrated @entity432 , rt-PA thrombolysis was performed on 40 occlusions in 38 @entity1 (23 @entity1 with a mean age of 62 years, range 32-85 years; 15 @entity1 with a mean age of 65 years, range 32-92 years) according to the following design: 6 mg rt-PA/hr for 30 min, 3 mg rt-PA/hr for the next 30 min, 1 mg rt-PA/hr for 7 hr, and 0.4 mg rt-PA/hr until the end of lysis. Onset of symptoms varied from 1 to 14 days. Included were three isolated @entity432 , nine combined brachial and forearm occlusions, and 28 forearm and hand @entity432 . RESULTS: The overall success rate was 55%. The lysis results for isolated upper arm, combined brachial and forearm occlusions, and forearm and hand @entity432 were 100%, 66%, and 46%, respectively. In eight @entity1 surgical embolectomy had to be performed after failed thrombolysis. No amputation was required in the follow-up period. No lethal complications occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Interventional rt-PA treatment of proximal @entity432 may be performed with comparable success rates to surgical @entity532 . For distal occlusions the results are inferior to the success rates obtained with surgery.

title: rt-PA thrombolysis in acute XXXX @entity432 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['embolectomy and without severe complications']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['acute embolic arterial occlusion', 'artery occlusions', 'upper-arm occlusions', 'upper-extremity arterial occlusions']

answer: @entity1031 :: (MESH:D013923,Disease) :: ['thromboembolic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A combination of @entity8545 plus an @entity5292 is the most frequently used regimen for febrile episodes in @entity5 @entity1 . However, @entity5292 -related @entity137 occasionally makes this regimen difficult to use as the first-line drug therapy. In the present study, we chose @entity5646 as the alternative to @entity5292 in combination with @entity3400 for @entity221 in @entity4806 @entity1 and we evaluated its effectiveness. METHODS: A total of 31 febrile episodes in 16 @entity1 with @entity5 were evaluted. @entity3400 (200 mg/kg per day) plus @entity5646 (150 mg/kg per day) were administered intravenously following a routine fever work-up. RESULTS: The overall response rate was 67%. The response rate when neutrophil count was less than 100/mm3 was 63%. The side effects were mild and rare. In three @entity1 , all of the microbiologically documented infections were caused by alpha-streptococcus, which required a change in the regimen. CONCLUSIONS: A combination of @entity3400 and @entity5646 provides an effective and non-toxic regimen for first-line therapy in febrile @entity1 with @entity1398 . In contrast, the results of the present study suggest the need for caution with regard to alpha-streptococcus infections.

title: @entity3400 plus @entity5646 for treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic cancer', 'malignant neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity4806 :: ('MESH:D063766', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric']

entities_list: @entity5292 :: ('D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity3400 :: ('MESH:D010878', 'Chemical') :: ['Piperacillin', 'piperacillin']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic fever']

entities_list: @entity5646 :: ('MESH:D001398', 'Chemical') :: ['aztreonam']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['neutropenic fever']


abstract: Cartap is a widely used insecticide which belongs to a member of @entity70260 derivatives and acts on nicotinic @entity934 receptor site. Its effects on aquatic species are of grave concern. To explore the potential developmental @entity137 of cartap, @entity3392 embryos were continually exposed, from 0.5 to 144h post-fertilization, to a range of concentrations of 25-1000microg/l. Results of the experiment indicated that cartap concentrations of 100microg/l and above negatively affected embryo survival and hatching success. Morphological analysis uncovered a large suite of abnormalities such as less melanin pigmentation, wavy notochord, crooked trunk, fuzzy somites, neurogenesis defects and @entity154 . The most sensitive organ was proved to be the notochord which displayed defects at concentrations as low as 25microg/l. Both sensitivity towards exposure and localization of the defect were stage specific. To elucidate mechanisms concerning notochord, pigmentation, and hatching defects, enzyme assay, RT Q-PCR, and different exposure strategies were performed. For embryos with hatching failure, chorion was verified not to be digested, while removing cartap from exposure at early pre-hatching stage could significantly increase the hatching success. However, cartap was proved, via vitro assay, to have no effect on proteolytic activity of hatching enzyme. These findings implied that the secretion of hatching enzyme might be blocked. We also revealed that cartap inhibited the activity of melanogenic enzyme @entity60042 and matrix enzyme @entity12553 oxidase and induced expression of their genes. These suggested that cartap could impaired melanin pigmentation of @entity3392 embryos through inhibiting @entity60042 activity, while inhibition of @entity12553 oxidase activity was responsible for notochord undulation, which subsequently caused somite defect, and at least partially responsible for defects in vasculature and neurogenesis.

title: Developmental @entity137 of cartap on XXXX embryos.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['vasculature defects']

entities_list: @entity70260 :: ('MESH:C025633', 'Chemical') :: ['nereistoxin']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['zebrafish']


abstract: @entity1118 from @entity1689 remains a difficult clinical problem. We present the results of surgical attempts to control this @entity158 . For the past 3 years, all @entity1 with @entity1689 and @entity158 requiring high-dose narcotics or hospitalization for @entity158 control were evaluated by the following algorithm. Any anatomic pathology causing ductal dilatation was surgically addressed first (Puestow's procedure, @entity9007 , or sphincteroplasty). If there was no evidence of ductal dilatation, or if @entity158 recurred postoperatively, denervation procedures were performed (splenopancreatic flap, thorascopic sympathectomy, or resection). @entity158 recurrence was defined as the need for further hospitalization or reoperation. Data were analyzed by comparison of two proportions. Follow-up averaged 26 months. Thirty-seven @entity1 underwent 44 operations solely in an attempt to control @entity158 ; 62 per cent were male, and 70 per cent had chronic @entity8883 . Our results show that surgical management provides relief in 68 per cent of @entity1 , and no one procedure is clearly superior to others.

title: Surgical management of @entity1118 from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1689 :: ('MESH:D050500', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity8883 :: ('MESH:D019512', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholic pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity9007 :: ('MESH:D010192', 'Disease') :: ['pseudocyst drainage']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic pain']

answer: @entity1689 :: (MESH:D050500,Disease) :: ['chronic pancreatitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate two questions in a community based population of @entity1 with chronic @entity158 . Firstly, does @entity1118 lead to impaired @entity458 over time? Secondly, how does restriction of daily activity influence @entity158 perception and @entity458 ? METHODS: Two postal surveys, two years apart, were carried out to identify a group of subjects with chronic @entity158 . The first survey was sent to a random sample of adults (n=40026) registered with a primary care practice, and included a @entity158 manikin, demographic information, and the Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 scale (HAD). The second survey was sent to those subjects who reported unilateral shoulder region @entity158 in the first survey and it included a shoulder-specific disability scale, @entity158 severity score, and the HAD. RESULTS: 2606 (65.1%) @entity1 responded to the initial survey. Of these, 304 (11.7%) reported unilateral shoulder region @entity158 at baseline. In the subsequent survey, there were 234 responders (83.3% adjusted response): 142 of these reported @entity158 and formed our study group of "subjects with chronic @entity158 ". Within this group there was no significant change in @entity458 scores between baseline and follow up. Both the disability score and @entity458 scores correlated significantly with @entity158 severity (disability v @entity158 r=0.536, p<0.001; @entity458 v @entity158 r=0.269, p=0.002). When the correlation between disability and @entity158 severity was corrected for possible confounders, it remained significant (r=0.490, p<0.001). This was not the case for the correlation between @entity458 and @entity158 (p>0.05). Disability was significantly correlated with @entity458 on univariate (r=0.445, p<0.001) and multivariate analysis (r=0.341, p=0.002). CONCLUSION: In those with chronic @entity158 the relation between @entity158 and @entity458 seems to be linked to disability. Psychological distress was not explained by persistent @entity158 itself.

title: XXXX in the community: a syndrome of disability or distress?

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress', 'psychological health']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'shoulder pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['Chronic shoulder pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity262 ( @entity262 ) is a diagnosis made using clinical, laboratory, and histologic parameters. Aberrant @entity3138 and/or @entity2902 expression on mast cells provides one minor criterion for a diagnosis of @entity262 . To validate a tube ( @entity1195 / @entity2467 / @entity3138 / @entity2902 ) for mast cell evaluation, we performed flow cytometry (FC) on residual material from marrow aspirates samples submitted to the hematopathology laboratory. METHODS: Samples evaluated (n=98) had no clinical or morphologic suspicion for @entity262 . Samples were excluded if there was history of a myeloid stem cell @entity5 . Ten documented cases of @entity262 were evaluated for comparison. RESULTS: Among cases without history of @entity262 , 17.3% (n=17) showed expression of @entity3138 and/or @entity2902 on >= 10% of the mast cell population ( @entity2902 alone in 14 cases, @entity3138 alone in 2 cases, both in one case), while 82.6% (n=81) showed no expression of these antigens. The percentage of mast cells showing aberrant @entity3138 and/or @entity2902 expression respectively ranged from 12.1%-98.8% and 22.2%-95.7% Interestingly, all of the cases with evidence of aberrant antigen expression on mast cells were collected post-therapy while 22.1% of the negative samples were collected pre-therapy. A cut-off of 60% @entity2902 expression on mast cells identified all cases of @entity262 while minimizing false positives. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that aberrant expression of @entity3138 and/or @entity2902 may be seen on mast cells outside of the setting of @entity262 . The data suggests that this phenomenon may be seen more commonly following chemotherapy and that FC of mast cells should be interpreted with caution in the post-chemotherapy setting. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Expression of XXXX and @entity2902 on mast cell populations can be seen outside the setting of systemic mastocytosis.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['SM', 'Systemic mastocytosis']

answer: @entity3138 :: (914,Gene) :: ['CD2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity6124 ( @entity6124 ) breath test has had positive results in 84% of @entity1 with @entity1744 vs 20% of controls. We hypothesized that @entity6124 would be more prevalent in @entity1 with symptoms consistent with @entity1744 who have undergone previous abdominal surgery. OBJECTIVE: To identify causative factors for @entity6124 . DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: Tertiary colorectal surgery clinic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Result of @entity6124 breath test. RESULTS: We identified 77 @entity1 whose differential diagnosis included @entity6124 from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2007; 18 were excluded because of noncompliance with testing and 2 because of a decision to treat @entity6124 without formal testing. Symptoms were chronic @entity490 in 30 @entity1 (53%), bloating in 25 (44%), @entity1142 in 37 (65%), and @entity294 in 7 (12%). Mean (SD) symptom duration was 45 (22) months. Of the 57 @entity1 enrolled in this study, 45 (79%) tested positive for @entity6124 and 37 (82%) of those had a history of surgery, whereas 12 (21%) tested negative for @entity6124 and 9 (75%) of those had a history of surgery. Of the 36 @entity6124 -positive @entity1 with a history of abdominal surgery (mean number of procedures, 2), the surgery locations were as follows: female reproductive organs, 23 (64%); hindgut, 15 (42%); foregut, 8 (22%); and midgut, 6 (17%). Open surgery alone was performed in 32 @entity1 (56%) vs laparoscopic surgery in 7 (12%). Both open and laparoscopic procedures had been performed in 6 @entity1 (11%). Four @entity1 (7%) had a history of small intestinal obstruction. The mean age of @entity6124 -positive @entity1 was higher than that of @entity6124 -negative @entity1 (57 vs 44 years; P < .01). Analysis did not reveal any clinically significant independent factor associated with @entity6124 . CONCLUSION: Physicians should consider @entity6124 in the differential diagnosis of @entity1 with normal anatomic findings and chronic @entity344 .

title: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in XXXX with @entity344 and a history of previous abdominal surgery.

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['lower gastrointestinal complaints']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity6124 :: ('MESH:D001765', 'Disease') :: ['SIBO', 'small intestinal bacterial overgrowth']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['irritable bowel syndrome']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest that female gender is associated with a lower prevalence and a more benign prognosis of @entity712 . In the current population-based study, it was our objective to evaluate the implications of gender on the association between impaired left ventricular (LV) function and mass as well as neurohumoral activation. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 1883 subjects (992 female, 891 male) of two MONICA surveys in Augsburg, Germany, were analyzed. @entity1 of one of these surveys were additionally characterized with respect to neurohormonal activation. As compared to @entity1 , @entity1 were characterized by a slightly higher LV @entity9568 ( @entity9568 , Teichholz-Method, 65.4 +/- 0.3% vs. 63.4 +/- 0.3, P<0.01) and a markedly lower LV mass index (LVMI 81 +/- 1 g/m(2) vs. 96 +/- 1, P<0.01). As compared to @entity1 with normal LV function, those with @entity1002 ( @entity9568 below mean minus two standard deviations, S.D.) were characterized by significantly increased LV mass (LVMI +48%, P<0.01), plasma @entity3876 (+373%, P<0.01) and ANP (+57%, P<0.01), while no significant changes were observed in @entity1 (LVMI +3%, @entity3876 +48%, ANP +27%, all P=n.s). Only a small subgroup of @entity1 with severe LVD ( @entity9568 below mean - 3 S.D.) was characterized by significantly increased LV mass (LVMI +23%, P<0.05 vs. control and LVD), however, this increase was less pronounced as compared to @entity1 with severe LVD (LVMI +46%, P<0.01 vs. control). Gender-specific differences between LV function and structure were also confirmed by multivariate analysis. While LVMI was independently and significantly correlated with @entity9568 in male subjects in addition to systolic blood pressure, age, and body mass index (all P<0.01), these parameters displaced @entity9568 as a predictor of LVMI in female subjects. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with moderate or severe @entity1002 are characterized by an increase in both LV mass and cardiac natriuretic peptide plasma concentrations. In contrast, LV mass and natriuretic peptide concentrations increase to a lesser extent and only with severe @entity1002 in @entity1 . These observational data suggest gender-specific control of myocardial adaptations to hemodynamic overload and a more rapid induction of @entity4346 during @entity296 in male subjects.

title: Gender-specific differences of cardiac remodeling in subjects with XXXX : a population-based study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Participants', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity9568 :: ('MESH:D054160', 'Disease') :: ['ejection fraction', 'EF']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['LV hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LV dysfunction']

answer: @entity1002 :: (MESH:D018487,Disease) :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of rim and segmental MRI enhancement of hepatic @entity3 of @entity14 after administration of @entity42626 ( @entity42626 ). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Sixty-one @entity1 with a potentially resectable hepatic @entity3 of @entity14 consecutively underwent breath-hold T1-weighted MRI in the axial and coronal planes 30 minutes and 24 hours after administration of @entity42626 . For each lesion, the presence or absence of rim enhancement and segmental enhancement 30 minutes and 24 hours after contrast administration was recorded. These features were evaluated separately for lesions 10 mm in diameter or larger and lesions smaller than 10 mm. The nature of each lesion was determined at histopathologic examination (n = 29) and on follow-up imaging (n = 32). RESULTS: Two hundred thirty lesions were identified at MRI: 210 lesions were metastatic, and 20 were benign. Rim enhancement was observed around 22 of 210 (10%) of the metastatic lesions at 30 minutes and 199 of 210 (95%) of metastatic lesions at 24 hours. Rim enhancement at 24 hours had 94.8% (95% CI, 91.8-97.8%) sensitivity, 90.0% (68.3-98.8%) specificity, 99.0% (97.6-100%) positive predictive value, 62.1% (42.3-79.3%) negative predictive value, and 94.3% (91.4-97.3%) diagnostic accuracy for @entity3 . Segmental enhancement was infrequently seen (34/210; 16%) at 24 hours but had 100% (89.7-100%) positive predictive value for @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Rim and segmental enhancement at MRI 24 hours after @entity42626 administration enabled accurate characterization of hepatic colorectal @entity3 . These features may aid in preoperative mapping of @entity99 burden and disease distribution in @entity1 with @entity14 .

title: Diagnostic accuracy of rim and segmental MRI enhancement of XXXX after administration of @entity42626 trisodium.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic tumor']

entities_list: @entity42626 :: ('MESH:C060076', 'Chemical') :: ['MnDPDP', 'mangafodipir trisodium']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['colorectal hepatic metastasis']


abstract: OBJECT: The authors' aim was to assess the ability of @entity1541 ( @entity1541 ) ratios in distinguishing @entity867 from @entity39 . METHODS: Fifty-three @entity1 with rim-enhancing masses in the brain observed on T1-weighted MR images were included: 26 had abscesses (14 bacterial, six nonbacterial, and six of unknown origin), 11 had @entity463 multiforme, and 16 had rim-enhancing @entity3 . The @entity1541 values, derived from diffusion-weighted imaging, were measured in the most homogeneous portion of the cystic component of the mass. The @entity1541 ratios were calculated by dividing the @entity1541 values from the nonenhancing cystic portion of the mass by the @entity1541 values from contralateral normal-appearing white matter. Lesions were further differentiated based on presence, absence, or incompleteness of a T2 hypointensity rim. The mean (+/- standard deviation) @entity1541 ratios were significantly higher in @entity5 than in abscesses (2.45 +/- 0.91 compared with 1.12 +/- 0:53, p < 0.01). The accuracy of @entity1541 ratios in discriminating @entity5 , determined by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (Az), was high: 0.91 +/- 0.04 (mean +/- @entity2246 [ @entity2246 ]). The threshold of 1.7 was associated with highest efficiency (87%) in discriminating @entity5 . If only bacterial abscesses were analyzed compared with @entity5 , the Az increased to 0.96 +/- 0.03 ( @entity2246 ). Using @entity1541 ratios and T1 rim characteristics, 50 of 53 lesions were correctly classified (efficiency 94.3%). CONCLUSIONS: The accuracy of @entity1541 ratios in discriminating @entity867 from @entity39 is very high and can be further improved using T2 rim characteristics.

title: Discrimination of capsular stage XXXX from necrotic or cystic @entity5 using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['cystic or necrotic neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['abscesses from neoplasms', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1541 :: ('MESH:C536023', 'Disease') :: ['apparent diffusion coefficient', 'ADC']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity867 :: ('MESH:D001922', 'Disease') :: ['brain abscesses']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['SEM', 'standard error of the mean']

answer: @entity867 :: (MESH:D001922,Disease) :: ['brain abscesses']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare and analyze the clinical efficacy of laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy, and laparoscopy combined with duodenoscopy, for @entity2963 and @entity2877 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 105 @entity1 with @entity2963 and @entity2877 from our hospital, from January 2014 to January 2015, were enrolled in this study. All @entity1 weren given primary treatment. After obtaining consent from our hospital Ethics Committee and the @entity1 , all 10529 cases were divided into two groups according to their time of admission. The observation group consisted of 59 cases and the control group consisted of 46 cases. The control group were treated by laparoscopy combined with duodenoscopy (cholecystectomy +ERCP+calculi extraction with an endoscope) and the observation group were treated by laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy. We then compared the clinical efficacy between the two groups of @entity1 . RESULTS: The success rate of the first surgery in the observation group, was higher than that in the control group. The time of surgery and intra-operative @entity190 of the observation group were less than the control group. The differences had statistical significance p < 0.05). When compared the post-operative fasting and evacuation time, average hospital stay and hospitalization expenses for the observation group were less than those of the control group. The difference had statistical significance (p < 0.05). The prevalence of @entity532 and recurrence rate in the observation group were statistically significantly (p < 0.05) less than the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy was effective and safe for treating @entity2963 and @entity2877 . Its treatment outcomes might be superior to laparoscopy combined with duodenoscopy.

title: The clinical efficacy of laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy for @entity2963 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['post-operative complications']

entities_list: @entity2963 :: ('MESH:D002769', 'Disease') :: ['cholelithiasis']

entities_list: @entity2877 :: ('MESH:D042883', 'Disease') :: ['choledocholithiasis']

answer: @entity2877 :: (MESH:D042883,Disease) :: ['choledocholithiasis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: There is considerable controversy regarding the safety of ovarian preservation in @entity420 . The aim of this review is to determine the incidence of @entity43 in @entity1 with @entity420 (particularly in early-stage disease), identify risk factors for @entity43 and evaluate the outcome of @entity1 with ovarian preservation. METHODS: Relevant articles were identified from MEDLINE and EMBASE. Included studies were prospective or retrospective cohort and cross-sectional studies analyzing the incidence of @entity43 in @entity420 and studies evaluating the outcome of @entity1 with ovarian preservation. RESULTS: Ten articles including 1204 @entity1 evaluated the frequency of @entity43 . The incidence considering all FIGO stages was 3.7% (range: 0%-12.9%) and the incidence in FIGO stage IB was 2% (range: 0.8%-3.2%). Six articles evaluated the outcome of @entity1 with ovarian preservation. With more than 100 @entity1 with @entity420 stage (CIS-IIA), none developed an ovarian relapse with a mean follow-up time of 56months. Six articles including 31 @entity1 with ovarian spread were analyzed. At least one of the following risk factor was present in 30/31 (96.7%) of the @entity1 : age >45, FIGO stage >IB, positive lymph nodes, deep stromal invasion, lympho-vascular space invasion, corpus invasion, parametrial invasion or @entity5 size >4cm. CONCLUSION: Ovarian preservation in young @entity1 with early-stage @entity420 is safe. Herein, we propose a set of selection criteria to properly identify candidates for ovarian preservation.

title: Should ovaries be removed or not in (early-stage) XXXX : a review.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix', 'adenocarcinoma of the cervix', 'adenocarcinoma of the cervix FIGO']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix']


abstract: Electrophysiologic studies were prospectively performed in 91 consecutive @entity1 referred for evaluation of sustained @entity1165 or @entity1164 . Fifty-two @entity1 had a history of sustained @entity1165 and 39 @entity1 had a history of @entity1164 . The identical stimulation protocol was used in all @entity1 . The stepwise protocol involved @entity955 , burst ventricular pacing, single, double, and triple extrastimuli during ventricular pacing. Stimulation was performed at the right ventricular apex at two and five times diastolic threshold. Using this protocol, @entity1165 was inducible in 48 (92%) of the 52 @entity1 with a history of sustained @entity1165 and in 28 (72%) of 39 @entity1 with a history of @entity1164 (p less than 0.02). The use of a third extrastimulus increased the yield of inducible @entity1165 by 37% in @entity1 with a history of sustained @entity1165 and by 25% in @entity1 with a history of @entity1164 . Stimulation at five times diastolic threshold and stimulation from the right ventricular outflow tract added a 15% increment in overall yield of inducible @entity1165 in @entity1 with a history of sustained @entity1165 , and a 26% increment in yield in @entity1 with a history of @entity1164 . Forty-four (92%) of the 48 inducible @entity1 in the sustained @entity1165 group had inducible monomorphic @entity1165 as compared to 19 (68%) of 28 @entity1 in the @entity1164 group (p less than 0.02).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Mode of stimulation versus response: validation of a protocol for induction of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial pacing']

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardia']


abstract: Tick @entity281 is considered a cause of major concern as it is a vector for some disease transmission. The use of chemicals to control @entity281 is increasing in farm systems. The efficacy of three chemicals was studied on the tick Boophilus annulatus. In vitro and in vivo studies were done. The active ticks were collected from naturally infected @entity291 for in vitro study. They were incubated with the three chemicals which are commercially used. An in vitro study recorded that the highest effect of the three chemicals was 100  % at 3  h postexposure (p.e.) time for @entity316 and 6  h for @entity19861 and ivermectin on the adult ticks. Egg batches were less affected. In vivo results showed more plain efficacy. The efficacy of @entity316 was increased gradually until complete cessation of ticks showed within 3rd   day posttreatment (d.p.t.), 100  % efficacy. But the tick population begins to reappear gradually within 7  d.p.t., while @entity19861 showed 100  % efficacy at 7  d.p.t. and the ticks reappear again within 14  d.p.t. The most preferred results were obtained with @entity3070 which showed 100  % efficacy at 7  d.p.t., and the @entity291 was still free from @entity281 until 21  d.p.t. only. Ticks begin to reappear within 28  d.p.t. in slight few numbers. This concluded that the powerful and safe chemical which is commercially used was ivermectin. Even so, it is used also as an anthelmintic drug.

title: Efficacy of XXXX , @entity19861 , and ivermectin on Boophilus annulatus ticks (in vitro and in vivo study).

entities_list: @entity3070 :: ('MESH:D007559', 'Chemical') :: ['ivermectin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'tick infection']

entities_list: @entity316 :: ('MESH:C017180', 'Chemical') :: ['deltamethrin']

answer: @entity316 :: (MESH:C017180,Chemical) :: ['deltamethrin']


abstract: Abstract In a number of different experimental paradigms of @entity158 , there is evidence for a vagally mediated antinociceptive system. This pathway probably involves opioid mechanisms. However, whether this pathway is activated in @entity3825 or if it involves subdiaphragmatic vagal afferents is unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine whether subdiaphragmatic vagal afferents mediate antinociception in response to a visceral stimulus and whether this involves an opioid pathway. @entity14 was performed in fasted, conscious male @entity35 using a balloon catheter connected to an electronic distension device. The number of abdominal contractions (visceromotor response) in response to a @entity14 (60 mmHg for 10 min) was recorded. Experiments were performed in sham or subdiaphragmatically vagotomized, perineural vehicle- or @entity2951 -treated @entity35 (to functionally denervate vagal afferents) before and after administration of @entity1510 (25 mg kg(-1) bodyweight intraperitoneally). Vagotomy, @entity2951 and @entity1510 pretreatments all significantly enhanced the visceromotor response to @entity14 . The effect of @entity1510 in @entity2951 -treated @entity35 did not appear to be additive. These results suggest that activation of subdiaphragmatic afferents, which can be blocked by @entity2951 , may play a role in opioid-dependent antinociceptive pathways activated by a noxious visceral stimulus.

title: Subdiaphragmatic vagal afferent innervation in activation of an opioidergic antinociceptive system in response to XXXX in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity2951 :: ('MESH:D002211', 'Chemical') :: ['capsaicin']

entities_list: @entity3825 :: ('MESH:D059265', 'Disease') :: ['visceral pain']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal distension', 'tonic colorectal distension', 'colorectal distension']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['somatic pain']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal distension']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity9816 achieves excellent systemic control in @entity706 kinase-rearranged ( @entity7041 +) @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ); however, central nervous system (CNS) @entity3 frequently occur as an early event. Whole brain irradiation, the standard treatment, results in @entity149 . We present a case series of three @entity7041 + @entity1149 @entity1 with progressing CNS @entity3 who were treated with pulse-dose @entity9816 followed by @entity67022 . Three @entity7041 + @entity1149 @entity1 treated between 2011 and 2014 (two males, two never smokers, age range 20-54years, all @entity16242 / @entity7041 rearrangement), were diagnosed with progressing @entity75 while receiving @entity9816 . Clinico-pathological characteristics, treatments, and outcomes were analyzed. In two @entity1 the progression was limited to the CNS, and radiological evidence of leptomeningeal spread was present in one @entity1 . Sequential use of @entity9816 500mg administered once daily (pulse-dose) followed by @entity67022 on progression achieved control of the disease in the CNS for over 18 months and over 7 months in @entity1 1 and @entity1 2, respectively. This strategy provided durable CNS control after whole-brain radiotherapy failure in @entity1 1, and allowed the whole-brain radiotherapy to be deferred in @entity1 2. Limited CNS progression was documented in @entity1 3 while he was on standard-dose/pulse-dose @entity9816 for 15months; durable (over 7 months) complete remission was achieved with stereotactic radiotherapy and @entity67022 . Manipulating the @entity9816 schedule in @entity7041 + @entity1149 @entity1 with CNS @entity3 and using a novel @entity7041 -inhibitor at the time of further progression may provide durable CNS control and allow brain radiotherapy to be deferred.

title: Durable brain response with pulse-dose @entity9816 and @entity67022 in XXXX -positive @entity1149 compared with brain radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral disease']

entities_list: @entity9816 :: ('MESH:C551994', 'Chemical') :: ['crizotinib', 'Crizotinib']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['neurocognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity67022 :: ('MESH:C586847', 'Chemical') :: ['ceritinib']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity16242 :: ('27436', 'Gene') :: ['echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4']

answer: @entity7041 :: (238,Gene) :: ['ALK']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 5096 Background: To evaluate efficacy and safety of rAd- @entity876 in combination with radiotherapy in treatment of unresectable @entity5 . METHODS: @entity1 with primary unresectable @entity957 of FIGO late-stage IIband IIIb were intratumorally injected with rAd- @entity876 of 1 ' 10(12) virus particles (vp) once a week for 6 weeks in combination with concurrently pelvic RT plus brachytherapy at point A at a total dose of 73.9 SD 3.8 Gy. RESULTS: From March 2002 to May 2010, 31 @entity1 , 14 @entity1 in IIb and 17 @entity1 in IIIb of locally advanced @entity957 , were enrolled into this phase II study. All @entity1 experienced complete response (CR) immediately after treatment. No local and pelvic recurrence was found during follow-up period. Distant @entity3 occurred in 2 cased (6.5%). The median survival time was 96 months (95% CI, 79 to 112 months). Five-years of survival rate was 85.7%, which is 30.0% higher than 55.3% of survival rate from a study including 140,000 cases with @entity5 treated using radiotherapy alone. No dose-limiting @entity137 or serious adverse events appeared, except for transient @entity221 after rAd- @entity876 administration. CONCLUSIONS: RAd- @entity876 in combination with radiotherapy was safe and effective in treatment of unresectable @entity5 .

title: Recombinant adenovirus- XXXX (rAd- @entity876 ) in combination with radiotherapy for treating @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage I-IV of cervical cancer', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Despite the great effectiveness of antibiotics, no principle is more important in the care of @entity4422 than @entity146 irrigation and debridement. Fixation of @entity4422 has a number of beneficial effects, including even the reduction of the risk of @entity281 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study of the treatment of 116 @entity4422 of the lower limb offered us the possibility to determine the ways to prevent the @entity281 . All the @entity1 were studied prospectively and the type of treatment and the rate of @entity281 were evaluated. RESULTS: In the course of the treatment, 96 wounds were closed by primary closure (82.8%) and 2 wounds were closed by secondary closure on the 5(th) postoperative day (1.7%). There were 14 skin grafts (12.1%), 2 muscle flap closures (1.7%) and 2 healings by granulation (1.7%). The antibiotics used were @entity2756 + @entity801 for type I, II @entity174 ; @entity868 was added for @entity174 . The duration of the antibiotic therapy was 7-10 days, according to the severity of the @entity174 . The @entity281 rate was 0% for type I, 0% for type II and 5.17% for @entity174 (6/116). CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of @entity4422 by intensive debridement of the wound and immediate fixation, as well as by primary closure of the wound with prolonged use of antibiotics, led to a dramatic @entity1168 .

title: Ways to prevent @entity281 after open XXXX of the lower limb.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamycin']

entities_list: @entity2756 :: ('MESH:D002443', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftriaxone']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity4422 :: ('MESH:D005597', 'Disease') :: ['open fractures']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'type III fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['decrease of the rate of infections']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Since the course of @entity0 is often unpredictable, we wished to develop a model using characteristics of the primary @entity5 alone to predict prognosis. METHODS: Several @entity5 features were determined, and after a median follow-up duration of 65 months, multivariate analysis identified @entity5 size and grade, @entity2931 receptor concentration, axillary lymph node @entity3 and @entity5 cell proliferation fraction ( @entity1758 count) as being independently associated with increases in risk for both relapse and @entity204 from @entity0 . A prognostic model was constructed using @entity5 size and grade, @entity2931 receptor concentration and @entity1758 count only. A score of 1 for each was given to @entity5 size > 20 mm, @entity5 grade 2 or 3, @entity2931 receptor concentration < 10 fmol/mg cytosol protein and @entity1758 count > 9%. Five groups established by assigning a combined score of 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 for each @entity1 were analysed for their associations with disease-free and overall survivals. RESULTS: This preliminary model predicted 5-year survival rates of 97, 91, 85, 68 and 50% for the five groups. The model was further simplified by excluding @entity5 grade from the analysis. The revised model identified four risk groups with predicted 5-year survival rates of 91, 86, 66 and 52%. This model, the Adelaide prognostic index, was also able to identify four risk groups in both node-negative and node-positive @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The Adelaide prognostic index can be used to predict prognosis even in the absence of axillary lymph node information.

title: A simple index to predict prognosis independent of axillary node information in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An important role of @entity842 (NO) in neuroinflammation has been suggested. It is also suggested that NO has a critical role in learning and memory. @entity32 induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been reported that deteriorates learning and memory. The effect of @entity8561 (LA) as a precursor of NO on LPS-induced @entity73 was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The animals were grouped into: (1) Control, (2) LPS, (3) LA-LPS, and (4) LA. The @entity35 received intraperitoneally LPS (1 mg/kg) 2 h before experiments and LA (200 mg/kg) 30 min before LPS. The animals were examined in Morris water maze (MWM). Long-term potentiation (LTP) from @entity1249 area of the hippocampus was also assessed by 100 Hz stimulation in the ipsilateral Schaffer collateral pathway. RESULTS: In MWM, time latency and traveled path were higher in LPS group than the control group (P < 0.001) whereas in LA-LPS group they were shorter than LPS group (P < 0.001). The amplitude and slope of field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) decreased in LPS group compared to control group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01) whereas, there was not any significant difference in these parameters between LPS and LA-LPS groups. CONCLUSION: Administration of @entity2414 and synaptic plasticity. Although LA ameliorated deleterious effects of LPS on learning of spatial tasks, it could not restore LPS-induced @entity73 .

title: The effects of XXXX on spatial memory and synaptic plasticity impairments induced by lipopolysaccharide.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Neuro-inflammation']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['spatial learning and memory and neuronal plasticity impairment', 'LTP impairment']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['LPS impaired spatial memory']

answer: @entity8561 :: (D001120,Chemical) :: ['L-arginine']


abstract: This present review explores the mechanisms for DNA damage induced @entity57734 arrest in @entity1 cells. The complexity of the @entity876 pathway is attested to by the variety of genes regulated by @entity876 , many of which require further investigation to bring their importance into focus. One gene intensely studied, @entity994 , has been linked to the G1 arrest mechanism and may, like @entity876 , be involved in some aspect of DNA repair. The outcome of @entity876 activation for cell survival is equally complex and relies much upon cellular context and the type of DNA damaging agent employed. Although @entity876 may participate in sensing DNA damage, additional components are likely to be required. Much of the focus on defining the mechanism of G2 arrest in @entity1 cells has concentrated on the @entity8189 / @entity10610 kinase. Activation of this kinase is suppressed by DNA damage, and this may result from the imposition of inhibitory phosphorylations on the @entity10610 kinase as well as downregulation of @entity8189 levels. The logical point where the G2 checkpoint interacts with the @entity10610 - @entity10609 autocatalytic loop to prevent @entity10610 activation remains to be defined and could involve inhibition of @entity10609 - @entity10610 interaction. It is hoped that moving upstream of @entity10610 towards the point where DNA damage is sensed by the cell will uncover homologues of @entity375 components implicated in G2 checkpoint control. The finding that certain G2 checkpoint abrogators preferentially synergize with DNA damaging agents in cells with defective @entity876 provides a potential pharmacological route through which @entity876 defective cells might be targeted for destruction. Further exploration of this vulnerability might prove useful for future anti- @entity5 drug discovery efforts.

title: @entity1 XXXX phase checkpoints.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity57734 :: (5544;7916,Gene) :: ['G1 and G2']


abstract: This study aimed to explore the correlation between clinical symptoms, including @entity1910 and @entity221 , and serum antibody reaction to enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection in @entity1 hospitalized due to @entity5825 ( @entity5825 ). From May 2014 to July 2014, a total of 547 @entity1 hospitalized due to @entity5825 in @entity1 's Hospital of Fudan University were enrolled retrospectively. RNA levels of EV71 and CA16 in fecal, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid specimens were measured using quantitative real-time RT-PCR, and EV71-IgM antibody in the serum was detected using immune colloidal gold assays. Of the 547 fecal specimens, 296 were EV71 RNA positive, 109 were CA16 RNA positive, and 8 were positive for both EV71 RNA and CA16 RNA. The total positive rate for either EV71 or CA16 in feces was 72.58% (397/547). Additionally, 544 serum specimens were collected, and 409 were EV71-IgM positive (75.18%). The duration of @entity1910 and @entity221 was found to be correlated to the positive rate of serum EV71-IgM, and the positive rate of serum EV71-IgM plus EV71 RNA in feces. The positive rates of serum EV71-IgM and serum EV71-IgM plus EV71 RNA in fecal collected at day 3 of @entity221 were 79.7% and 52.8%, respectively. In conclusion, EV71 and CA16 were found to be the major pathogens responsible for the epidemics of @entity5825 in @entity1 during May to July 2014 in Shanghai, China. There is a close relationship between the positive rate of serum EV71-IgM and the duration of @entity221 and @entity1910 .

title: Relationship between serologic response and clinical symptoms in @entity1 with enterovirus 71- XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity5825 :: ('MESH:D006232', 'Disease') :: ['HFMD', 'hand-foot-mouth disease']

answer: @entity5825 :: (MESH:D006232,Disease) :: ['infected hand-foot-mouth disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of posterior subtenon's @entity2713 injections versus grid laser photocoagulation (GLP) combined with posterior subtenon's @entity2713 injection in eyes with @entity1103 ( @entity1103 ). METHODS: In this prospective clinical study, 42 eyes with @entity1103 that showed a decrease in visual acuity (VA) were included. The first group consisted of 22 eyes that received a posterior subtenon's injection of 40   mg of @entity2995 under topical anesthesia. The second group of 20 eyes received macular GLP applied 1 month after subtenon's @entity2995 (STTA) injection. All @entity1 were evaluated at baseline and 1 day; 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks; and 3 and 6 months after injection. In some @entity1 , injections were repeated after 3 months. The main outcome measures were VA, @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ), intraocular pressure, @entity231 progression, and frequency of complications. RESULTS: The mean baseline @entity1020 for Group I was 456.85  56.90    m. The mean baseline @entity1020 for Group II was 455.66  57    m. In the first group, mean CMTs for second week, 8th week, 12th week, and 6th month were 258.15, 276.50, 280.05, and 433.30    m, respectively. In the second group, mean CMTs for second week, 8th week, 12th week, and 6th month were 261.42, 272.76, 284.71, and 291.76    m, respectively. Before treatment, in the first group, the mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measured using a Snellen chart was 0.19, while the first week, third, and sixth month BCVA means were 0.59, 0.57, and 0.41, respectively. Before treatment, BCVA in the second group was 0.17, while the first week, third, and sixth month means were 0.61, 0.64, and 0.60, respectively. Treatment complications included @entity231 in 4 eyes and @entity726 in 1 eye. CONCLUSION: There is a temporary therapeutic effect of posterior subtenon's @entity2713 injection without laser photocoagulation. GLP improves VA and reduces the risk of recurrent @entity1103 after posterior STTA injection.

title: Posterior Subtenon's Capsule @entity2995 Injection for the Treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2995 :: ('MESH:D014222', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataracts', 'cataract']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['macular edema', 'DME', 'diabetic macular edema']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['CMT', 'central macular thickness']

entities_list: @entity2713 :: ('MESH:D014221', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone']

answer: @entity1103 :: (MESH:D008269,Disease) :: ['Diabetic Macular Edema']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: In our earlier studies, we reported high concentrations of intra- and extracellular @entity460 ions ( @entity141 ) in the deeper epidermis of @entity1 with @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and associated @entity111 . To determine the cause of this phenomenon, we measured total @entity460 (TCa) concentrations in the deeper epidermis and performed immunostaining of epidermal albumin, which binds to @entity141 . METHODS: This study included 45 @entity1 with @entity740 -stage 5, which was defined as severely reduced kidney function (i.e., estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 15 mL/min or on dialysis). Subjects were divided into the @entity111 group, consisting of @entity1 with mild, moderate, or severe @entity1381 , and the non- @entity111 group, consisting of @entity1 with no or slight @entity111 . The particle-induced X- @entity16039 emission method was used to measure elements including TCa. Furthermore, we have immunostained epidermal albumin using anti-albumin antibodies and compared the results in the @entity111 and non- @entity111 groups. RESULTS: The TCa concentration in the spinous layer of @entity1 with @entity740 with @entity740 -associated @entity111 was lower than in @entity1 with @entity740 without @entity111 (median [range], 395 [235-1,063] vs. 476 [342-1,243]  g/g). The intensity of epidermal albumin expression in the spinous layer was weaker in @entity1 with @entity740 with @entity740 -associated @entity111 than in those without. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity740 with @entity740 -associated @entity111 demonstrated higher @entity141 concentrations but lower TCa concentrations than @entity1 without @entity740 -associated @entity111 . This could be in part due to low concentrations of epidermal albumin, which binds to @entity141 , in those with @entity740 -associated @entity111 . These results clarify the pathophysiology of @entity740 -associated @entity111 , providing a valuable foundation for the future development of treatments for this condition.

title: Total XXXX and Albumin Are Decreased in the Deeper Epidermis of @entity1 with @entity740 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1381 :: ('MESH:D006463', 'Disease') :: ['uremic pruritus']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Abstract Primary objective: To use breath-hold functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to localize the brain regions with @entity73 (CVR) in a female @entity1 diagnosed with mild @entity131 (mTBI). The extent of impaired CVR was evaluated 2 months after concussion. Follow-up scan was performed 1 year post-mTBI using the same breath-hold fMRI technique. Research design: Case report. Methods and procedures: fMRI blood oxygenation dependent level (BOLD) signals were measured under breath-hold challenge in a female mTBI @entity1 2 months after concussion followed by a second fMRI with breath-hold challenge 1 year later. CVR was expressed as the percentage change of BOLD signals per unit time of breath-hold. Main outcomes: In comparison with CVR measurement of normal control subjects, statistical maps of CVR revealed @entity531 and hemispheric asymmetry within grey and white matter in the initial breath-hold fMRI scan. Follow-up breath-hold fMRI performed 1 year post-mTBI demonstrated normalization of CVR accompanied with symptomatic recovery. Conclusions: CVR may serve as an imaging biomarker to detect subtle @entity62 for individual diagnosis of mTBI. The findings encourage further investigation of hypercapnic fMRI as a diagnostic tool for mTBI.

title: A case study of magnetic resonance imaging of cerebrovascular reactivity: A powerful imaging marker for mild XXXX .

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired cerebrovascular reactivity']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['deficits in both grey and white matter']

entities_list: @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['substantial neurovascular deficits']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: @entity3957 ( @entity3958 ) is an important brain, lung, and nose toxicant. Inhibition of cytochrome oxidase is the primary biochemical effect associated with lethal @entity3958 exposure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the concentration of @entity3287 and cytochrome oxidase activity in target tissues following acute exposure to sublethal concentrations of inhaled @entity3958 . Hindbrain, lung, liver, and nasal (olfactory and respiratory epithelial) cytochrome oxidase activity and @entity3287 concentrations were determined in adult male CD @entity35 immediately after a 3-h exposure to @entity3958 (10, 30, 80, 200, and 400 ppm). We also determined lung @entity3287 and @entity3287 metabolite concentrations at 0, 1.5, 3, 3.25, 3.5, 4, 5, and 7 h after the start of a 3-h @entity3958 exposure to 400 ppm. Lung @entity3287 concentrations increased during @entity3958 exposure and rapidly returned to endogenous levels within 15 min after the cessation of the 400-ppm exposure. Lung @entity3287 metabolite concentrations were transiently increased immediately after the end of the 3-h @entity3958 exposure. Decreased cytochrome oxidase activity was observed in the olfactory epithelium following exposure to > or = 30 ppm @entity3958 . Increased olfactory epithelial @entity3287 concentrations were observed following exposure to 400 ppm @entity3958 . Hindbrain and nasal respiratory epithelial @entity3287 concentrations were unaffected by acute @entity3958 exposure. Nasal respiratory epithelial cytochrome oxidase activity was reduced following acute exposure to > or = 30 ppm @entity3958 . Liver @entity3287 concentrations were increased following exposure to > or = 200 ppm @entity3958 and cytochrome oxidase activity was increased following inhalation exposure to > or = 10 ppm @entity3958 . Our results suggest that cytochrome oxidase inhibition is a sensitive biomarker of @entity3958 exposure in target tissues, and @entity3287 concentrations are unlikely to increase postexposure in the brain, lung, or nose following a single 3-h exposure to < or = 30 ppm @entity3958 .

title: Cytochrome oxidase inhibition induced by acute XXXX inhalation: correlation with tissue @entity3287 concentrations in the @entity35 brain, liver, lung, and nasal epithelium.

entities_list: @entity3957 :: ('MESH:D006862', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydrogen sulfide']

entities_list: @entity3287 :: ('CHEBI:26822', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfide']

answer: @entity3957 :: (MESH:D006862,Chemical) :: ['hydrogen sulfide']


abstract: This study aimed to gain insight into the gatekeeper role of surgeons and gastroenterologists (including residents) during a first consultation at a tertiary gastro-intestinal centre regarding referral for genetic counselling, and to test the feasibility of a checklist for indications for referral. Consecutive @entity1 were invited before and after introduction of a checklist, to complete a questionnaire assessing their perception of discussing @entity5 . Initial consultations were audiotaped to assess the quality of this discussion by gastroenterologists and surgeons. Data on completeness of the checklist and referral were collected from medical files. No significant differences were found between the Before and After group regarding @entity1 ' reports of discussing @entity5 in the family (77  %, n  =  34 vs 89  %, n  =  33, p  =  0.16). In 28  % (n  =  10) of the audiotaped consultations family history was adequately discussed, in 58  % (n  =  21) it was considered inadequate and in 14  % (n  =  5) of consultations it was not discussed at all. A checklist was present in 53  % (n  =  27) of the medical files. Of these, 5 (19  %) were incomplete. Gastroenterologists and surgeons (in training) have difficulty in fulfilling their gatekeeper role of recognizing @entity1 at familial risk for @entity14 . Although they often discuss @entity5 during the initial consultation, their exploration seems insufficient to reveal indications for referral for genetic counselling. Therefore, healthcare professionals should not only understand genetics and the importance of @entity5 family history, but also be effective in the communication of this subject to enable more adequate referral of @entity1 for genetic counselling.

title: Gatekeeper role of gastroenterologists and surgeons in recognising and discussing familial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'familial cancer', 'cancer genetic topics']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A polymorphism ( @entity14643 ) in @entity14644 ( @entity14644 ) gene alters intracellular signal transduction, which may cause motor or sensory abnormalities in the gastrointestinal tract. @entity30248 ( @entity30248 ) gene @entity14552 polymorphism is associated with a defective splicing of the primary transcript of @entity30248 mRNA, which may modulate satiety signal and delay gastric emptying. Therefore, we evaluated the role of these polymorphisms in @entity1 with @entity2210 ( @entity2210 ) as compared with @entity23 ( @entity23 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 237 consecutive @entity1 with @entity2210 (Rome III) and 250 @entity23 were genotyped for @entity14644 @entity14643 and @entity30248 T/C polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity2210 [173 (73%) @entity1 , age: 38  12 years] were comparable with @entity23 [195 (78%) @entity1 , age: 37  12 years] with respect to age and sex. Out of 237 @entity1 , 26 (11%) had @entity158 ( @entity158 ), 55 (23.2%) had @entity4053 ( @entity4053 ), and 156 (65.8%) had @entity158 - @entity4053 overlap. Among 237 @entity1 with @entity2210 , TT genotype (associated with increased intracellular signal transduction) of @entity14644 @entity14643 polymorphism was more common among @entity1 than among @entity23 [26 (11%) vs. 12 (4.8%), P=0.014; odds ratio (OR): 2.47, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-5.1]. CC (variant) genotype of @entity30248 @entity14552 polymorphism was infrequent among @entity1 than among @entity23 [19 (8%) vs. 46 (18.4%), P=0.001; OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.19-0.66]. However, these polymorphisms were comparable among @entity1 with different subtypes of @entity2210 (P=0.80 and 0.44). CONCLUSION: TT genotype of @entity14644 @entity14643 is more common among @entity1 with @entity2210 than among @entity23 , suggesting that increased signal transduction associated with this genotype may be important in its pathophysiology. However, @entity30248 polymorphism is protective against @entity2210 .

title: Functional @entity2210 is associated with @entity14644 @entity14643 and @entity30248 XXXX polymorphism.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity30248 :: ('886', 'Gene') :: ['Cholecystokinin-A receptor', 'CCK-AR']

entities_list: @entity14644 :: ('2784', 'Gene') :: ['G-protein b polypeptide-3', 'GNb3']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['PDS', 'postprandial distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['healthy controls', 'HC']

entities_list: @entity2210 :: ('MESH:D004415', 'Disease') :: ['functional dyspepsia', 'FD']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['epigastric pain syndrome', 'EPS']

answer: @entity14552 :: (c|SUB|T||C,DNAMutation) :: ['T/C']


abstract: @entity1 @entity35632 has been implicated in antitumorigenic and antiangiogenic activities, independent of its ribonuclease capacities. We constructed a truncated version of @entity1 @entity35632 , starting at E50 ( @entity42596 -50) and devoid of ribonuclease activity. @entity42596 -50 maintained its ability to bind actin and to inhibit angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. @entity42596 -50 binds to cell surface actin and formed a complex with actin in vitro. The antiangiogenic effect of this protein was demonstrated in @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by its ability to arrest tube formation on Matrigel, induced by angiogenic factors. Immunofluorescence staining of HUVECs showed nuclear and cytosolic @entity35632 protein that was no longer detectable inside the cell following @entity42596 -50 treatment. This effect was associated with disruption of the intracellular actin network. @entity42596 -50 co-localized with angiogenin, suggesting that both molecules bind (or compete) for similar cellular epitopes. Moreover, @entity42596 -50 led to a significant @entity5 development. Histological analysis demonstrated abundant necrotic tissue and a substantial loss of endothelial structure in @entity42596 -50-treated @entity5 . Collectively, the present results indicate that @entity42596 -50, a molecule engineered to be deficient of its catalytic activity, still maintained its actin binding and anticancer-related biological activities. We therefore suggest that @entity42596 -50 may serve as a potential @entity5 therapeutic agent.

title: XXXX recombinant truncated @entity35632 , devoid of RNase activity; A potential @entity5 therapeutic agent.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'inhibition of tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: Sixty-one @entity1 with clinical low-stage (Jackson Stage I) and 22 @entity1 with clinical high-stage (Jackson Stage II or III or T3-4N0-1M0) @entity189 who were seen between 1952 and 1979 and followed for at least 3 years or until death were reviewed. The majority of @entity1 with @entity5 were treated with partial penectomy, either with or without ilioinguinal lymphadenectomy. The remainder of @entity1 with these early small lesions were treated with local excision or circumcision. Forty-one of the @entity1 with this early @entity5 (Jackson Stage I or Tcis, T1N0M0 or T2N0M0) survived at least 3 years and were considered cured. The other 20 @entity1 died of @entity5 (12 cases) or unrelated disease (8 cases). If the @entity1 who died of other diseases are excluded, the corrected 5-year survival rate was 77%. Treatment failure was primarily due to metachronous inguinal metastases after initial treatment of the primary @entity5 and failure of response of metastatic disease to salvage treatment. Four factors probably were associated with a poor prognosis: large primary @entity5 , moderately to poorly differentiated @entity5 , younger age at onset, and inadequate initial treatment. In advanced (Jackson Stages II and III) disease, treatment by partial or total penectomy alone or in combination with radiation to inguinal nodes after penectomy produced 3-year or longer survival in only 2 of 9 @entity1 , whereas treatment by early extended excision of both the @entity75 and the ilioinguinal lymph nodes produced 3-year or longer survival in 11 of 13 @entity1 . The results suggest that local excision is appropriate only for @entity189 in situ. Partial penectomy and monthly follow-up for at least 1 year is appropriate for @entity1 with small, well-differentiated @entity5 . @entity1 who have large or moderately to poorly differentiated @entity5 probably should undergo partial or total penectomy and immediate ilioinguinal lymphadenectomy.

title: XXXX . Prognosis and treatment plans.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Stage I cancer', 'tumor', 'penile cancer', 'primary tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma', 'carcinoma of the penis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer of the penis']