abstract: BACKGROUND: Free @entity26 radicals and insufficiency of antioxidant enzymes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity101 ( @entity101 ). Trace elements function as a co-factor in antioxidant enzymes. The antioxidant system and trace elements have been investigated in many different studies including @entity101 , but these subjects have not been investigated as a whole in these @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidative system and trace elements in @entity101 @entity1 given different antihypertensive therapy. METHODS: We examined @entity1234 and @entity224 dismutase activities together with @entity920 and @entity219 levels in plasma of 102 @entity1 with @entity101 and in 51 healthy controls. RESULTS: It was found that in @entity1 with @entity101 , plasma @entity1234 was significantly higher than those of controls, while plasma @entity224 dismutase activities were significantly lower in @entity1 with @entity101 . Plasma @entity219 levels were significantly higher than those of controls and plasma @entity920 levels were significantly lower in @entity1 with @entity101 . Plasma lipid levels and oxidative state were analyzed in five different treatment groups given antihypertensive drug therapy before and after a 3-month treatment period. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our clinical study shows that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers have notable effects on oxidative stress, and are an essential step in managing essential @entity101 by the way of improvement of @entity409 . Although it has been shown that @entity460 channel blockers, beta blockers and alpha receptor blockers have antioxidant effects in in vitro conditions, we did not demonstrate these effects in our clinical study.

title: Effects of antihypertensive agents, alpha receptor blockers, beta blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers and XXXX channel blockers, on oxidative stress.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['HD', 'hypertension disease', 'hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: The effects of different @entity1568 and @entity505 sources on cell growth, pH, and exopolysaccharide (EPS) and @entity13099 ( @entity13100 ) production by two strains of @entity16258 (M5N1 and Su47) are reported. Differences in the behavior of @entity413 - and @entity948 -grown cells were shown, in particular with the M5N1 strain. Growth in a @entity413 -containing medium was accompanied by acidification of the culture medium, which leads to cell death. On @entity948 , acidification was detected only in the medium with a mineral @entity1568 supply. A lag phase in EPS production was observed with cells grown with @entity413 , probably related to an initial extracellular conversion of the @entity1735 into an acid. No lag phase was observed in EPS production from @entity948 or in @entity13100 synthesis whatever the @entity505 source. A decrease in @entity13100 content was noticed for both strains under conditions where acidification of media occurred. The extent of production, emphasized by the use of a coproduction index, indicates that the M5N1 strain is a more promising organism than is the Su47 strain for polymer production. Such a strain, put in rich medium (containing @entity375 extract) supplemented with @entity948 , accumulated @entity13100 up to 85% of dry cell weight and excreted about 1.5 g of EPS per liter in the medium. Regulation of the coproduction of EPS and @entity13100 by these cells is suggested.

title: Exopolysaccharide and XXXX Coproduction in Two @entity16258 Strains.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity13099 :: ('MESH:C003182', 'Chemical') :: ['poly-(beta)-hydroxybutyrate']

entities_list: @entity948 :: ('MESH:D005632', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity16258 :: ('382', 'Species') :: ['Rhizobium meliloti']

answer: @entity13099 :: (MESH:C003182,Chemical) :: ['Poly-(beta)-Hydroxybutyrate']


abstract: AIMS: Right ventricular (RV) remodelling involves changes in size, function, and shape. Although three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) allows imaging of RV morphology, regional RV shape analysis has not been evaluated using 3DE. We developed a technique to quantify RV shape and tested its ability to differentiate normal from pressure overloaded right ventricles. Methods Transthoracic 3DE RV images were acquired in 54 subjects, including 39 @entity1 with @entity120 ( @entity120 ) and 15 normal controls (NL). 3D RV surfaces were reconstructed (TomTec) at end-diastole and @entity299 ( @entity299 , ES) and processed using custom software to calculate mean curvature of the inflow and outflow tracts (RVIT, RVOT), apex, and body (both divided into free wall and septum). METHODS AND RESULTS: Septal segments (apical and body) in NLs were characterized by concavity (curvature < 0) in @entity299 and slight convexity (curvature > 0) in ES. In @entity120 , however, the septum remained convex, bulging into the left ventricle throughout the cardiac cycle. In keeping with the 'bellows-like' action of RV contraction in the NL group, the body free wall transitioned from a convex surface at @entity299 to a more flattened surface at ES, while the apex free wall progressed from a less convex surface at @entity299 to a more convex surface at ES. In contrast, in @entity120 , both RV free-wall segments (apical and body) remained equally convex throughout the cardiac cycle. CONCLUSIONS: Curvature analysis using 3D echocardiography allows quantitative evaluation of RV remodelling, which could be used to track differential changes in regional RV shape, as a way to assess disease progression or regression.

title: Three-dimensional echocardiography-based analysis of right ventricular shape in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['PAH', 'pulmonary artery hypertension']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ED', 'end-systole']

answer: @entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['pulmonary arterial hypertension']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To develop a reactive @entity26 species (ROS) sensitive drug carrier, a chondroitin @entity597 (CS)- @entity4211 (ATC) based nanocomplex was developed. @entity632 ( @entity3105 ) was loaded in the CS-ATC nanocomplex (CS-ATC- @entity3105 ) via intermolecular stacking interaction. The nanocomplex was fabricated by a simple mixing method in the aqueous phase. The morphology and size of CS-ATC- @entity3105 were determined by ATC content. In the group with 1.5mg/ml of ATC loaded CS-ATC- @entity3105 (CS-ATC2- @entity3105 ), the drug content and loading efficiency were 8.5% and 99.1%, respectively. The ROS sensitive drug release of CS-ATC2- @entity3105 was confirmed under in vitro physiological conditions. The results demonstrated that 1.67 times higher @entity3105 release occurred in CS-ATC2- @entity3105 for 48h compared to CS- @entity3105 (ATC absent sample). Drug release and nanocomplex destruction were induced by ROS mediated ATC degradation. We determined that 66.7% of ROS was scavenged by CS-ATC2- @entity3105 . Additionally, an HCT-116 @entity5 bearing animal model was used to confirm ROS sensitive therapeutic effects of CS-ATC2- @entity3105 . The results indicate that @entity3105 was released from the intravenously injected CS-ATC2- @entity3105 in the @entity5 tissue. Thus, nuclei shrinkage and dead cells were observed in H_E staining and TUNEL assay, respectively. These data suggest that the @entity5 growth was effectively inhibited. This study means that CS-ATC2- @entity3105 has potential in improving @entity5 therapy.

title: Reactive @entity26 species responsive drug releasing nanoparticle based on chondroitin @entity597 - XXXX nanocomplex for efficient @entity5 therapy.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Doxorubicin hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity4211 :: ('MESH:D000872', 'Chemical') :: ['anthocyanin']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity4211 :: (MESH:D000872,Chemical) :: ['anthocyanin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate serum levels of @entity4483 ( @entity4483 ) and @entity3508 ( @entity3508 ) in @entity1 with @entity301 ( @entity301 ) after off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. METHODS: The PubMed (~2013) and the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) (1982   ~   2013) were searched without language restrictions. After extraction of relevant data from selected studies, meta-analyses were conducted using STATA software (Version 12.0, Stata Corporation, College Station, Texas USA). Possible sources of heterogeneity were examined through univariate and multivariate meta-regression analyses and verified by Monte Carlo Simulation. RESULTS: Eleven studies with a total of 411 @entity301 @entity1 met the inclusion criteria. Our meta-analysis showed no significant difference in serum @entity4483 and @entity3508 levels between the on-pump group and the off-pump group before surgery. In the on-pump group, there was a significant difference in serum @entity4483 levels of @entity301 @entity1 between before and after surgery, especially within the first 24  h after surgery. Furthermore, in the on-pump group, there was a significant difference in serum @entity3508 levels of @entity301 @entity1 between before and after surgery, particularly at 0  h after surgery. In the off-pump group, there was an obvious difference in serum @entity4483 levels between before and after surgery, especially within 24  h after surgery. Our results also demonstrated that serum @entity4483 and @entity3508 levels of @entity301 @entity1 in the on-pump group were significantly higher than those of @entity1 in the off-pump group, especially within 24  h after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide empirical evidence that off-pump and on-pump CABG surgeries may increase serum @entity4483 and @entity3508 levels in @entity301 @entity1 , which was most prominent within 24  h after on-pump CABG surgery.

title: Serum XXXX and @entity3508 levels after off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3508 :: ('2026', 'Gene') :: ['NSE', 'neuron specific enolase']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

answer: @entity4483 :: (6285,Gene) :: ['S-100b']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The influence of @entity3621 patterns in @entity1534 eradication rates has been poorly investigated. AIMS: To compare the efficacy of @entity1535 or proton pump inhibitors triple therapy for @entity1534 eradication in pangastritis. @entity1 AND METHODS: One hundred and eight @entity1 with pangastritis were assigned to either @entity10042 30 mg once a day (n=54) or @entity1535 240 mg bis in die (n=54) for 14 days combined, for the first week, with @entity115 1g plus @entity868 250 mg tris in die. Eradication was confirmed by @entity19018 breath test. RESULTS: With @entity1535 , successful eradication was observed in 75.9% (41/54) in the intention-to-treat analysis and 78.8% (41/52) in the per-protocol analysis. With @entity10042 , the eradication rates were respectively 46.3% (25/54) and 51.0% (25/49). @entity1535 had a significant higher efficacy according to both intention-to-treat analysis (p=0.0029) and per-protocol analysis (p=0.0038) with OR of 3.66 (95% CI: 1.61-8.32) and 3.58 (95% CI: 1.50-8.54) respectively. At regression analysis, the only independent variable affecting eradication was the type of regimen (p=0.026) with an OR of 3.31 (95% CI: 1.16-9.44). CONCLUSIONS: In pangastritis @entity1 , @entity1535 is more effective than @entity7371 in first-line eradication. For improving the overall eradication rates, an evaluation of @entity3621 extent might need to be considered.

title: High efficacy of bismuth subcitrate for XXXX eradication in pangastritis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity1535 :: ('MESH:D001729', 'Chemical') :: ['bismuth', 'Bismuth']

entities_list: @entity10042 :: ('MESH:C058687', 'Chemical') :: ['lansoprazole']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['gastritis']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

answer: @entity1534 :: (210,Species) :: ['Helicobacter pylori']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Coating biomaterials with a thin @entity692 (HA) was proven effective in enhancing bone compatibility. @entity79 are considered as the most difficult defect to repair in bone regeneration therapy. We developed submicron-thin HA-coated @entity702 fiber mesh scaffolds to reconstruct immediately loaded segmental mandibular defects and evaluated their bone compatibility in  vitro and in  vivo. @entity1 osteoblasts attachment, proliferation, and osteocalcin expression in non- and HA-coated scaffolds were evaluated. A 10-mm @entity79 in a @entity95 mandibular bone was reconstructed with non- or HA-coated scaffolds, which were removed at 9 and 21 weeks, to evaluate the mechanical strength of the bone-scaffold connection and the bone formation around the scaffold. Expression of osteocalcin was greater in HA-coated scaffolds. In  vivo bone formation in HA-coated scaffolds was greater than that in non-coated scaffolds at 21 weeks. Newly formed bone in HA-coated scaffolds mostly restored bone continuity. Scanning electron microscopy identified strong integration of the bone and HA-coated scaffolds. The mechanical strength of the bone-scaffold connection was 3-fold greater in HA-coated scaffolds than that in non-coated scaffolds. These results suggest that a thin HA-coated @entity702 fiber mesh scaffold is a bone-compatible mandibular reconstruction device in immediately loaded segmental defects.

title: Development of a biointegrated mandibular reconstruction device consisting of bone compatible XXXX fiber mesh scaffold.

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['long segmental bone defect', 'Segmental bone defects']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

answer: @entity702 :: (MESH:D014025,Chemical) :: ['titanium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity131 ( @entity131 ) is classified into mild, moderate and severe, based on the Glasgow @entity772 Score (GCS). However, @entity131 @entity1 are often influenced by @entity1068 , which in itself can attenuate the level of consciousness. This study investigated the effect of @entity1068 on the GCS group classification in @entity131 @entity1 . METHODS: The Oslo University Hospital trauma database was searched for all @entity1 admitted with a @entity542 where the blood @entity1068 concentration (BEC) had been measured (n   =   1004). The effect of BEC on GCS groups was analysed using multivariate ordinal logistic regression. RESULTS: This study identified 546, 142 and 316 @entity1 in the mild, moderate and severe groups, respectively. Increasing BEC by 1   g   kg(-1) and pre-hospital intubation had OR   =   1.34 and 16.34 for being in a more severe GCS group, respectively. Increasing head abbreviated injury scale (head-AIS) was significantly associated with being in a more severe GCS group. The modelled probability of detecting a head-AIS of 4 or 5 in a @entity1 with BEC of 2.0   g   kg(-1) was 20%, 38% and 65% in the mild, moderate and severe groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing BEC was associated with increasing odds of being in a more severe GCS group. However, because the modelled probability of significant @entity1545 was high in @entity1 with high levels of BEC, a reduced level of consciousness in intoxicated @entity1 mandates further radiological investigations.

title: The impact of blood @entity1068 concentration on the classification of XXXX severity in @entity131 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'Traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['head injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was designed to assess the epidemiology, characteristics, and outcome of @entity299 ( @entity299 ) in Finland. METHODS AND RESULTS: We identified in retrospect all adult (>18 years of age) @entity1 diagnosed with histologically confirmed @entity299 in Finland between 1988 and 2012. A total of 110 @entity1 (71 @entity1 ) 51  9 years of age (mean  SD) were found and followed up for outcome events to the end of 2013. The annual detection rate of @entity299 increased >20-fold during the 25-year period, reaching 0.31 in 1*10(5) adults between 2008 and 2012. The 2012 prevalence of @entity299 was 2.2 in 1*10(5). Nearly two thirds of @entity1 had clinically isolated @entity299 . Altogether, 102 of the 110 @entity1 received immunosuppressive therapy, and 56 received an intracardiac defibrillator. Left ventricular function was impaired (ejection fraction <50%) in 65 @entity1 (59%) at diagnosis and showed no overall change over 12 months of @entity479 therapy. During follow-up (median, 6.6 years), 10 @entity1 died of a cardiac cause, 11 @entity1 underwent transplantation, and another 11 @entity1 suffered an @entity1164 . The Kaplan-Meier estimates for 1-, 5-, and 10-year transplantation-free cardiac survival were 97%, 90%, and 83%, respectively. @entity712 at presentation predicted poor outcome (log-rank P=0.0001) with a 10-year transplantation-free cardiac survival of only 53%. CONCLUSIONS: The detection rate of @entity299 has increased markedly in Finland over the last 25 years. With current therapy, the prognosis of @entity299 appears better than generally considered, but @entity1 presenting with @entity712 still have poor long-term outcome.

title: XXXX : epidemiology, characteristics, and outcome over 25 years in a nationwide study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['aborted sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac sarcoidosis', 'CS']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['Cardiac sarcoidosis']


abstract: The interstitial nucleus of Cajal (INC) is thought to play an important role in torsional/vertical eye position and head posture, and disorders of the INC induce @entity1319 and head tilt. Our @entity1 with ocular tilt reactions simultaneously also had disturbances in ambulatory balance, yet no reports address the loss of balance control induced by disorders of the INC. We examined the ambulatory disturbances induced by INC lesion. We experienced three @entity1 with @entity1319 and abnormal head tilt due to @entity1188 . We performed ophthalmic examinations on and checked the balance of them. With funduscopy, abnormal cycloduction was seen in the unaffected side and normal cycloduction was observed in the affected side. Nevertheless, Hess charts showed distortions in the visual image of both eyes. They all had disorders of balance control. We tried to treat them using the Bobath approach for improving their ambulatory balance. With subsequent improvements in balance control it was possible for them to take short walks, but it was difficult to make any improvements in their ocular movement. The INC is related to balance control of ambulation and disorders of the INC induce ambulatory disturbances. Cycloduction was only observed in the unaffected side, but Hess charts showed distortions of the visual image in both eyes. Ambulation was briefly improved, but @entity892 persisted in these @entity1 .

title: Gait balance disorder by XXXX of interstitial nucleus of cajal.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['thalamic infarction']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal ocular movements', 'ocular movement disorders']

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['thalamic infarction with the disorder']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4965 ( @entity4966 ) is primarily used as an industrial degreasing agent and has been in use since the 1940s. @entity4966 is released into the soil, surface, and groundwater. From an environmental and regulatory standpoint, more than half of Superfund hazardous waste sites on the National Priority List are contaminated with @entity4966 . Occupational exposure to @entity4966 occurs primarily via inhalation, while environmental @entity4966 exposure also occurs through ingestion of contaminated drinking water. Current literature links @entity4966 exposure to various adverse health effects including @entity65 . Current studies aiming to address developmental @entity65 utilized rodent and avian models, with the majority of studies using relatively higher parts per million (mg/L) doses. In this study, to further investigate developmental @entity1370 of @entity4966 , @entity3392 embryos were treated with 0, 10, 100, or 500 parts per billion (ppb;  g/L) @entity4966 during embryogenesis and/or through early larval stages. After the appropriate exposure period, angiogenesis, F-actin, and mitochondrial function were assessed. A significant dose-response decrease in angiogenesis, F-actin, and mitochondrial function was observed. To further complement this data, a transcriptomic profile of @entity3392 larvae was completed to identify gene alterations associated with the 10 ppb @entity4966 exposure. Results from the transcriptomic data revealed that embryonic @entity4966 exposure caused significant changes in genes associated with @entity65 , @entity5 , and organismal @entity66 with a number of targets in the FAK signaling pathway. Overall, results from our study support @entity4966 as a developmental cardiovascular toxicant, provide molecular targets and pathways for investigation in future studies, and indicate a need for continued priority for environmental regulation.

title: Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Disruption of F-Actin Polymerization, and Transcriptomic Alterations in XXXX Larvae Exposed to @entity4965 .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['injury and abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity4965 :: ('MESH:D014241', 'Chemical') :: ['Trichloroethylene']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular toxicity', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

answer: @entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['Zebrafish']


abstract: @entity16593 ( @entity16593 ) is an infrequent disease with a poor prognosis. We present the clinical and biological features of 41 @entity1 . Median age was 67 years [42-89] and male-female sex ratio was 2.4. The immunophenotyping revealed B-cell phenotype, with a high level expression of surface IgM and/or IgD in all cases, FMC7+ in 76 % of cases and CD5+ in 67%. Marked spontaneous in-vitro apoptosis was observed in most cases tested (n = 12). The median overall survival time was 5 years and the event-free survival time was 37 months. As detected by univariate and multivariate analysis, the only variables associated with a poor prognosis were advanced age and @entity417 . No significant difference was observed between de novo @entity5731 (n = 27) and prolymphocytoid transformation of @entity1072 (n = 14). Two groups of @entity1 were individualized according to their clinical course: @entity1 who died within one year of diagnosis (n = 14) and @entity1 who had a prolonged survival (n = 23) without any treatment in some cases. The comparison between the 2 groups showed that they differed in age (p = 0.01) and @entity417 (p = 0.02). We also observed that the @entity1 with @entity876 mutations had a worse clinical outcome. Taken together these data confirm that @entity16593 should be regarded as a distinct form of @entity1071 and suggest the existence of two patterns of clinical evolution.

title: A multicentric study of 41 cases of XXXX : two evolutive forms.

entities_list: @entity16593 :: ('MESH:D054403', 'Disease') :: ['B-prolymphocytic leukemia', 'B-PLL']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lymphoproliferative disorder']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

answer: @entity16593 :: (MESH:D054403,Disease) :: ['B-prolymphocytic leukemia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The relationship between blood pressure (BP) and @entity65 has been extensively documented. However, the benefit of anti- @entity101 drugs differs according to the type of cardiovascular event. @entity2333 is tightly intertwined with BP and aorta cross-talk with small arteries. We endeavored to elucidate which BP component and type of vessel remodeling was predictive of the following outcomes: fatal @entity583 ( @entity583 ), @entity64 , renal -, coronary- or cerebrovascular-related @entity204 . Large vessel remodeling was estimated by an aortography-based @entity731 score (ATS) while small vessel disease was documented by the presence of a @entity101 @entity989 . We included 1031 subjects referred for @entity101 workup and assessed outcomes 30 years later. After adjustment for major risk factors, ATS and pulse pressure (PP) were predictive of coronary events while @entity551 ( @entity551 ) and @entity989 were not. On the contrary, @entity551 was predictive of cerebrovascular and renal related @entity204 while ATS and PP were not. @entity989 was only predictive of cerebrovascular related @entity204 . Lastly, the @entity731 phenotype and increased PP identified @entity1 prone to develop fatal @entity583 whereas the @entity989 phenotype and increased @entity551 identified @entity1 at higher risk of @entity64 . These results illustrate the particular feature of the resistive coronary circulation comparatively to the brain and kidneys' low-resistance circulation. Our results advocate for a rational preventive strategy based on the identification of distinct clinical phenotypes. Accordingly, decreasing @entity551 levels could help preventing @entity64 in @entity989 phenotypes whereas targeting PP is possibly more efficient in preventing @entity583 in @entity731 phenotypes.

title: Association of various blood pressure variables and vascular phenotypes with coronary, @entity64 and renal XXXX : Potential implications for prevention.

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'fatal stroke']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'aortic atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['Retinopathy', 'retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic stiffness']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['deaths']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine the demographic, anatomic, institutional, and surgical risk factors associated with outcomes after the Norwood operation. METHODS: A total of 710 of 985 neonates with critical @entity472 or @entity1146 enrolled in a prospective 29-institution study between 1994 and 2000 underwent the Norwood operation. Admission echocardiograms were independently reviewed for 64% of neonates. Competing risks analyses were constructed for outcomes after Norwood operation and after cavopulmonary shunt. Incremental risk factors for outcome events were sought. RESULTS: Overall survivals after the Norwood operation were 72%, 60%, and 54% at 1 month, 1 year, and 5 years, respectively. According to competing risks analysis, 97% of neonates reached a subsequent transition state by 18 months after Norwood operation, consisting of @entity204 (37%), cavopulmonary shunt (58%), or other state (2%, cardiac transplantation, biventricular repair, or Fontan operation). Risk factors for @entity204 occurring before subsequent transition included @entity1 -specific variables (lower birth weight, smaller ascending aorta, older age at Norwood operation), institutional variables (institutions enrolling < or =10 neonates, two institutions enrolling >/=40 neonates), and procedural variables (shunt originating from aorta, longer circulatory arrest time, and management of the ascending aorta). Of neonates undergoing cavopulmonary shunt, 91% had reached a subsequent transition state by 6 years after cavopulmonary shunt, consisting of Fontan operation (79%), @entity204 (9%), or cardiac transplantation (3%). Risk factors for @entity204 occurring before subsequent transition included younger age at cavopulmonary shunt and need for right @entity340 . CONCLUSIONS: Competing risks analysis defines the prevalence of the various outcomes after Norwood operation and predicts improved outcomes with successful modification of controllable risk factors.

title: Outcomes after the Norwood operation in neonates with critical XXXX or aortic valve atresia.

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular valve repair']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

answer: @entity472 :: (MESH:D001024,Disease) :: ['aortic stenosis']


abstract: The effect of dietary @entity4600 ( @entity4601 ) in the absence of @entity7784 ( @entity8393 ) has been studied infrequently in @entity1 under controlled conditions. This 120-d study followed healthy, adult male volunteers who lived in the metabolic research unit (MRU) of the Western @entity1 Nutrition Research Center for the entire study. The basal (low- @entity4601 ) diet consisted of natural foods (30 en% fat, 15 en% protein, and 55 en% @entity1735 ), containing < 50 mg/d of @entity4601 , and met the recommended daily intake for all essential nutrients. The high- @entity4601 (intervention) diet was similar except that 6 g/d of @entity4601 in the form of a @entity412 containing 40% @entity4601 replaced an equal amount of safflower oil in the basal diet. The subjects (ages 20 to 39) were within -10 to +20% of ideal body weight, nonsmoking, and not allowed @entity167 in the MRU. Their exercise level was constant, and their body weights were maintained within 2% of entry level. They were initially fed the low- @entity4601 diet for 30 d. On day 31, six subjects (intervention, group A) were placed on the high- @entity4601 diet; the other four subjects (controls, group B) remained on the low- @entity4601 diet. Platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma was determined using @entity857 , collagen, and @entity1426 . No statistical differences could be detected between the amount of agonist required to produce 50% aggregation of platelet-rich plasma before and after the subjects consumed the high- @entity4601 diet. The prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and the antithrombin-III levels in the subjects were determined, and, again, there were no statistically significant differences in these three parameters when their values were compared before and after the subjects consumed the high- @entity4601 diet. In addition, the in vivo bleeding times did not show any significant difference before and after the subjects consumed the high- @entity4601 diet (9.4 +/- 3.1 min before and 8.0 +/- 3.4 min after). Platelets from the volunteers exhibited more than a threefold increase in their @entity4601 content from 1.54 +/- 0.16 to 5.48 +/- 1.21 (wt%) during the @entity4601 feeding period. The @entity8393 content of the subjects' platelets increased from 0.34 +/- 0.12 to 2.67 +/- 0.91 (wt%) during the high- @entity4601 diet despite the absence of @entity8393 in the subjects' diets. The results from this study on blood clotting parameters and in vitro platelet aggregation suggest that adding 6 g/d of dietary @entity4601 for 90 d to a typical Western diet containing less than 50 mg/d of @entity4601 produces no observable physiological changes in @entity1003 , platelet function, or @entity715 tendencies in healthy, adult males.

title: The effect of dietary @entity4600 on platelet function, platelet fatty acid composition, and XXXX in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity7784 :: ('MESH:D015118', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosapentaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity4600 :: ('CHEBI:28125', 'Chemical') :: ['docosahexaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['blood coagulation']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

answer: @entity1003 :: (MESH:D001778,Disease) :: ['blood coagulation']


abstract: OBJECT: In this retrospective study the authors examined the aspect ratio (AR; the maximum dimension of the dome/width of the neck of an @entity439 ) and compared the distribution of this ratio in a group of @entity1756 . A similar comparison was performed in relation to the maximum dimension of the @entity439 alone. The authors sought to evaluate the utility of these measures for differentiating @entity1756 . METHODS: Measurements were made of 774 @entity439 in 532 @entity1 at three medical centers. One hundred twenty-seven @entity1 harbored only unruptured lesions, 290 only @entity75 , and 115 both @entity75 . Cases were included if angiograms were available for measurement and the status of the individual @entity1 's @entity439 (s) was known. The odds of a lesion falling in the ruptured @entity439 group increased with both the lesion's maximum size and the AR. The odds ratio for @entity397 rose progressively only for the AR. The distribution curves showed that @entity1756 were larger and had greater ARs. The mean size of @entity439 was 7 mm and that of ruptured ones was 8 mm; the corresponding mean ARs were 1.8 and 3.4, respectively. The odds of @entity397 were 20-fold greater when the AR was larger than 3.47 compared with an AR less than or equal to 1.38. Only 7% of @entity1756 had an AR less than 1.38 compared with 45% of unruptured lesions. CONCLUSIONS: The AR is probably a useful index to calculate. A high AR might reasonably influence the decision to treat actively an unruptured @entity439 independent of its maximum size. Prospective studies are warranted.

title: The aspect ratio (dome/neck) of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured and unruptured lesions', 'ruptured lesions']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm', 'unruptured aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured aneurysms', 'ruptured and unruptured aneurysms']

answer: @entity1756 :: (MESH:D017542,Disease) :: ['ruptured and unruptured aneurysms']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence and describe the clinical features and treatment of @entity1 with @entity281 after implant placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed. @entity86 were defined as the presence of purulent drainage and/or increasing @entity158 and swelling in the operated area before prosthetic loading. @entity1 -based infection prevalences and 95% confidence intervals for implant were determined. @entity1 who healed, were followed up to determine implant survival and success rates. RESULTS: Three hundred thirty-seven @entity1 (1273 implants) were included. Twenty-two @entity86 were recorded (6.5% of the @entity1 and 1.7% of the implants). These complications were usually diagnosed within the first month, and in 17 cases (77.3%) surgical treatment was performed because of antibiotic therapy failure. Twelve implants (54.6%) in 12 @entity1 (54.6%) failed before prosthetic loading. The survival and success rates of the infected loaded implants were 80% and 50%, respectively, with a mean follow-up of 42.9 months (SD of 10.2 months). CONCLUSION: Four to 10% of @entity1 receiving dental implants develop @entity86 . This complication is important because applied treatments are usually ineffective and two-thirds of the infected implants fail, most before prosthetic loading.

title: XXXX After Dental Implant Placement: Prevalence, Clinical Features, and Treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['early infections']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infections', 'Postoperative infections']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['Postoperative Infections']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of whole-body low-dose (LD) computed tomography (CT) for the detection of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt complications in pediatric @entity1 compared with radiographic @entity5033 ( @entity5033 ) in an ex vivo @entity95 animal model. METHODS: In the first step, 2 optimized LD-CT imaging protocols, with high pitch (pitch, 3.2), low tube voltages (70 kVp and 80 kVp), and using both filtered back projection and iterative reconstruction, were assessed on a 16-cm solid @entity4625 phantom regarding signal-to-noise ratio and radiation dose. Taking both radiation dose and signal-to-noise ratio into account, the LD-CT protocol (80 kVp; 4 mA; pitch, 3.2) was identified as most appropriate and therefore applied in this study.After identification of appropriate LD-CT protocol, 12 VP shunts were implanted in 6 @entity95 cadavers (mean weight, 5.1 kg). Twenty-four mechanical complications (extracranial and extraperitoneal malpositioning, breakages, and disconnections) were induced in half of the VP shunts. Low-dose CT and conventional @entity5033 were acquired in standard fashion. Dose-area products (DAPs) for @entity5033 and LD-CT were collected; effective radiation doses for both @entity5033 and LD-CT were estimated using CT-Expo (v. 2.3.1.) and age-specific effective dose (ED) estimates. Qualitative scoring of diagnostic confidence on a 5-point Likert scale (1, very low diagnostic confidence; 5, excellent diagnostic confidence) and blinded readings of both @entity5033 and LD-CTs were performed. RESULTS: Among the 24 VP shunt complications, LD-CT yielded excellent sensitivity and specificity for the detection of VP shunt complications (sensitivity, 0.98; specificity, 1; 95% confidence interval, 0.92-1) with excellent interobserver agreement (k = 0.90). Shunt series yielded good sensitivity and specificity (sensitivity, 0.75; specificity, 1; 95% confidence interval, 0.58-0.92) with moderate interobserver agreement (k = 0.56). No false-positive findings were registered. Compared with @entity5033 , LD-CT yielded significantly lower ED and DAPs (ED, 0.039 vs 0.062 @entity2073 ; @entity6136 , 20.5 vs 26.3; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In this experimental ex vivo pediatric @entity1 model, LD-CT yields excellent sensitivity for the detection of VP shunt complications at higher diagnostic confidence and lower radiation exposure compared with @entity5033 .

title: High-Pitch Low-Dose Whole-Body Computed Tomography for the Assessment of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts in a Pediatric XXXX Model: An Experimental Ex Vivo Study in @entity95 .

entities_list: @entity4625 :: ('MESH:D019904', 'Chemical') :: ['polymethylmethacrylate']

entities_list: @entity5033 :: ('MESH:C562451', 'Disease') :: ['SS', 'shunt series']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6800 ( @entity6800 ) is expressed in upper airways, however, little is known regarding whether @entity6800 ( @entity6800 ) signals exert a regulatory effect on the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with @entity480 (CRSwNP), especially on @entity32 . We sought to investigate the effect of Poly(IC), the ligand for @entity6800 , on cytokine production by dispersed nasal polyp cells (DNPCs). METHODS: DNPCs were pretreated with or without Poly(IC), and were then cultured in the presence or absence of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), following which the levels of @entity225 , @entity688 , @entity4047 , @entity4155 and @entity379 in the supernatant were measured. To determine the involvement of @entity688 and cyclooxygenase in Poly(IC)-mediated signaling, DNPCs were treated with anti- @entity688 monoclonal antibody and @entity3522 , the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, respectively. @entity14018 -induced @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) production was also determined. RESULTS: Exposure to @entity14018 induced a significant production of @entity688 , but not of @entity225 , @entity4047 , @entity4155 or @entity379 by DNPCs. Pretreatment with @entity14018 dose-dependently inhibited SEB-induced @entity225 , @entity4047 and @entity4155 , but not @entity379 production. Neutralization of @entity688 significantly abrogated the inhibitory effect of @entity14018 . Treatment with @entity3522 also abrogated the inhibitory effect of @entity14018 on SEB-induced @entity225 and @entity4047 production. However, unlike exposure of @entity3522 -treated DNPCs to lipopolysaccharide, the ligand for @entity2939 , exposure of these cells to @entity14018 did not enhance @entity225 or @entity4047 production. Poly(IC) did not significantly increase @entity1421 production by DNPCs. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity6800 signaling regulates @entity1712 -associated cytokine production in CRSwNP, at least in part, via @entity688 production.

title: Regulatory effect of @entity6800 signaling on staphylococcal enterotoxin-induced @entity225 , XXXX , @entity4155 and @entity379 production in chronic rhinosinusitis with @entity480 .

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE2', 'prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity480 :: ('MESH:D009298', 'Disease') :: ['nasal polyps']

answer: @entity4047 :: (3596,Gene) :: ['IL-13']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Meta-analyses point to a modest but significant effect of probiotics on symptoms in @entity1744 ( @entity1744 ). We aimed to assess the effect of the probiotic Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS) on symptoms and quality of life in @entity1744 @entity1 in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1744 @entity1 (Rome II) between 18 and 65 years of age were included. The study consisted of an 8-week intervention period in which the @entity1 received probiotic (LcS) or placebo twice daily, followed by an 8-week follow-up period. Symptom diaries and quality of life were scored at weeks 0, 8 and 16. The primary outcome parameter was a decrease of at least 30% in a composite @entity1109 ( @entity1109 ) at week 8 on the basis of an intention-to-treat analysis. RESULTS: Thirty-nine individuals (67% @entity1 ) were included in the probiotic group and 41 individuals (71% @entity1 ) were included in the placebo group. After the intervention period, the mean relative improvement did not reach 30% for @entity1109 or any individual symptom score. After follow-up (week 16), a mean improvement of at least 30% was achieved for @entity1109 in the probiotic group, but no significant difference was found between both treatment groups (mean  SD: 34  7%; 13  8%, P=0.06). CONCLUSION: After probiotic treatment with LcS, no improvement of 30% in @entity1109 was observed after 8 weeks.

title: Efficacy of Lactobacillus casei Shirota for @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['MSS', 'mean symptom score']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['irritable bowel syndrome', 'IBS']

answer: @entity1744 :: (MESH:D043183,Disease) :: ['irritable bowel syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Even though there are no satisfactory data available on the prevalence of @entity1118 in the elderly, it is certainly a common problem in Germany. The goal of this study is to provide information on the treatment of elderly @entity1 with @entity1118 in geriatric care and @entity158 therapy facilities in Germany. METHOD: Throughout Germany geriatric and @entity158 clinics were asked by email about their treatment practice of @entity1 with @entity1118 . The questions related to four types of @entity1 sharing the same @entity1118 characteristics and comorbidities but differing with respect to @entity73 . The questions were divided into the following areas: equipment, staff, @entity1 care, documentation, and cooperation. RESULTS: Replies from a total of 85  institutions were evaluated. The response rates were approximately 5   % for geriatric units and 10   % for @entity158 units. More @entity1 with @entity1118 are treated in geriatrics units than in @entity158 therapy facilities due to larger capacities. Although all four types of @entity1 are treated in both types of facilities, the functionally more competent @entity1 are more common in @entity158 therapy facilities. In geriatrics, the inverse relationship was found. Differences exist in the staff structure and qualification, frequency and refinement of individual and group therapies, assessments used, teamwork, documentation, and cooperation with outpatient care. CONCLUSION: Due to the differences between geriatric and @entity158 management departments shown in all investigated areas, an exchange between these two cross-sectional subjects could help to improve inpatient, outpatient and intersectoral treatment of elderly @entity1 with @entity1118 .

title: [Treatment of elderly with @entity1118 in geriatric care and XXXX therapy facilities in Germany : Survey results].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive and physical impairment']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: AIM AND OBJECTIVE:     To evaluate the effect of @entity546 vs caudal epidural on the quality of @entity1337 and surgical outcome following @entity2650 repair. BACKGROUND:     Intraoperative penile engorgement because of caudal epidural may result in tension on surgical sutures and alter surgical outcome. METHODS:     Fifty-four ASA I and II @entity1 were randomly allocated to group P ( @entity546 , 0.25% @entity1341 , 0.5   mg  kg(-1) ; n   =   27) and group C (caudal epidural, 0.25% @entity1341 , 0.5   ml  kg(-1) ; n   =   27), respectively. Quality of @entity1337 was assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) score recorded at 0, 0.5, 3, 6, 12, 24   h, and once a day for the next 4   days. Duration of @entity1337 was calculated from the institution of block to the first analgesic demand by @entity1 or VAS   >   5. Total @entity1286 consumption in the first 48   h and oral @entity1443 consumption till 5th day were recorded. @entity1 were regularly followed up in their respective outpatient clinic for early or late complications. RESULTS:     In group P, lower mean VAS scores were seen from 0.5   h after surgery till day 3 and @entity1337 lasted for significantly longer duration (82   min) when compared with caudal epidural, P   <   0.001. Incidence of @entity292 formation after @entity2650 repair was 19.2%, and all had received caudal epidural. An increase of 27% in penile volume from baseline value was observed 10   min after caudal epidural placement, P   <   0.05. CONCLUSION:     @entity546 provided better @entity1337 when compared with caudal epidural in @entity1 undergoing @entity2650 repair. Postoperative @entity292 formation was more likely in @entity1 who received caudal epidural.

title: Surgical outcome in @entity1 undergoing @entity2650 repair under caudal epidural vs XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2650 :: ('MESH:D007021', 'Disease') :: ['primary hypospadias', 'hypospadias']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['urethral fistula']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol']

entities_list: @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['Penile block', 'penile block']

answer: @entity546 :: (MESH:D004414,Disease) :: ['penile block']


abstract: Accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) activates signaling pathways to induce transcription of a number of genes encoding ER protein chaperones and-folding catalysts. In @entity375 this transcriptional induction is mediated by an increase in the synthesis of the transcription factor @entity69055 . The transmembrane receptor @entity69056 / @entity69056 containing a Ser/Thr protein kinase and endoribonuclease activity transmits the unfolded protein response (UPR) from the ER to the nucleus. Activation of @entity69056 kinase induces its endoribonuclease activity to cleave unspliced @entity69055 mRNA and generate exon fragments that are subsequently ligated by tRNA ligase ( @entity69057 ). Whereas unspliced @entity69055 mRNA is poorly translated, spliced @entity69055 mRNA is efficiently translated. Subunits of the @entity375 transcriptional co-activator complex SAGA also play a role in the UPR. Deletion of GCN5, @entity28771 , or @entity69058 reduces, and deletion of @entity49008 completely abolishes, the UPR. Although @entity69055 mRNA requires only @entity69056 and @entity69057 in vitro, we demonstrate that @entity49008 is required for the @entity69056 / @entity69057 -dependent splicing reaction of @entity69055 mRNA in vivo. In addition, @entity49008 interacts with @entity69056 . These results suggest that subcomponents of transcriptional co-activator complexes may be involved in RNA processing events.

title: The transcriptional co-activator XXXX is required for @entity69055 mRNA processing in vivo.

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

answer: @entity49008 :: (854017(Tax:4932),Gene) :: ['ADA5']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Severe @entity5011 ( @entity5011 ) causes ventilatory insufficiency and the need for prolonged artificial ventilation. Under circumstances where medical care for @entity1 with severe @entity5011 is required in a resource-limited institution, identifying initial clinical presentations in @entity5011 @entity1 that can predict @entity1576 and the need for prolonged mechanical ventilation (> 15 days) may be helpful for advanced care planning. METHODS: The medical records of @entity1 diagnosed with @entity5011 in a tertiary care and medical teaching hospital from January 2001 to December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. The demographic data and clinical presentations of the @entity1 were summarised using descriptive statistics. Clinical predictors of @entity1576 and the need for prolonged mechanical ventilation (> 15 days) were identified using univariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 55 @entity1 with @entity5011 were included in this study. Mechanical ventilation was needed in 28 (50.9%) @entity1 . Significant clinical predictors for @entity1576 were bulbar @entity425 (odds ratio [OR] 5.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.31-21.60, p = 0.007) and time to peak limb weakness  <= 5 days (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.62-0.91, p < 0.001). Bulbar @entity425 (p = 0.006) and time to peak limb weakness  <= 5 days (p < 0.001) were also found to be significantly associated with the need for prolonged mechanical ventilation (> 15 days). CONCLUSION: @entity425 and time to peak limb weakness  <= 5 days were able to predict @entity1576 and the need for prolonged mechanical ventilation in @entity1 with @entity5011 .

title: Clinical presentations as predictors of prolonged mechanical ventilation in XXXX in an institution with limited medical resources.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5011 :: ('MESH:D020275', 'Disease') :: ['GBS', 'Guillain-Barr   syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['Bulbar weakness', 'muscle weakness']

answer: @entity5011 :: (MESH:D020275,Disease) :: ['Guillain-Barr   syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity1875 and @entity6882 plus @entity1363 for sedation during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in @entity1 . METHODS: Data were collected prospectively and retrospectively from neurologically intact @entity1 (0.2-17.7 years of age) who underwent ambulatory diagnostic EGD during a 4-year period. Data were included from 155 consecutive @entity1 receiving @entity1875 with or without premedication with @entity1363 (PM group). One hundred five consecutive @entity1 who received sedation with a @entity1363 plus @entity6882 combination served as a comparison (MM group). Outcome variables were: time required for induction of sedation, length of procedure, time for recovery, need for additional supportive measures, and need for physical restraint. RESULTS: The onset of sedation was faster and the length of procedure and recovery were significantly shorter in the PM group as compared with the MM group (P < 0.01). @entity1 in the MM group required restraint more often than in the PM group. A higher dose of @entity6882 and @entity1363 was used in the prospective study. This led to deeper sedation but increased need for additional support. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1875 is safe and effective for facilitating EGD in @entity1 .

title: @entity1875 versus XXXX plus @entity6882 for sedation during ambulatory esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6882 :: ('MESH:D008614', 'Chemical') :: ['meperidine']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol', 'Propofol']

answer: @entity1363 :: (MESH:D008874,Chemical) :: ['midazolam']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the analgesic efficacy and the opioid-sparing effect of oral @entity13586 compared with intramuscular (IM) @entity7988 in tonsillectomy. METHODS: Seventy-seven adult @entity1 were randomized into 2 groups: group R (n = 39), which received a single oral preoperative dose of @entity13586 50 mg, and group K (n = 38), which received 2 IM doses of @entity7988 100 mg (before surgery and after 12 hours). In both groups, additional IM @entity6882 1 mg/kg was given. All @entity1 received general anesthesia. A @entity158 score (visual analog scale, 0 to 100) was assessed both at rest and during swallowing at 30 minutes and at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 hours after operation. If the @entity158 score exceeded 40, @entity1 were given @entity6882 as rescue analgesia. RESULTS: The @entity158 scores during rest and swallowing in group R were significantly lower (p < .05) than those of group K at 4, 8, and 12 hours after operation. @entity6882 was given as rescue medication in significantly more @entity1 of group K (76%) than of group R (38%; p < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Oral premedication with @entity13586 seems to be more effective than use of @entity7988 in decreasing @entity282 and the need for opioid rescue medication after elective tonsillectomy. Both drugs seem to be relatively safe as far as @entity86 is concerned.

title: Preoperative administration of @entity13586 versus @entity7988 for XXXX relief after tonsillectomy.

entities_list: @entity7988 :: ('MESH:D007660', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoprofen']

entities_list: @entity13586 :: ('MESH:C116926', 'Chemical') :: ['rofecoxib']

entities_list: @entity6882 :: ('MESH:D008614', 'Chemical') :: ['Meperidine', 'meperidine', 'meperidine hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The chemokine Stromal cell-derived factor 1a (SDF1a, @entity1570 ) is currently under investigation as a biomarker for various @entity299 . The correct interpretation of SDF1a levels is complicated by the occurrence of truncated forms that possess an altered biological activity. METHODOLOGY: We studied the immunoreactivities of SDF1a forms and evaluated the effect of adding a @entity5735 inhibitor in sampling tubes on measured SDF1a levels. Using optimized sampling, we measured @entity5735 activity and SDF1a levels in @entity1 with varying degrees of @entity712 . RESULTS: The immunoreactivities of SDF1a and its degradation products were determined with three immunoassays. A one hour incubation of SDF1a with @entity5735 at 37  C resulted in 2/3 loss of immunoreactivity in each of the assays. Incubation with serum gave a similar result. Using appropriate sampling, SDF1a levels were found to be significantly higher in those @entity712 @entity1 with a severe loss of left ventricular function. @entity5735 activity in serum was not altered in the @entity712 population. However, the @entity5735 activity was found to be significantly decreased in @entity1 with high SDF1a levels. CONCLUSIONS: We propose that all samples for SDF1a analysis should be collected in the presence of at least a @entity5735 inhibitor. In doing so, we found higher SDF1a levels in subgroups of @entity1 with @entity712 . Our work supports the need for further research on the clinical relevance of SDF1a levels in @entity299 .

title: Circulating Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1a Levels in XXXX : A Matter of Proper Sampling.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease', 'cardiac diseases']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Heart Failure']


abstract: Both @entity12787 and @entity1906 are rare disorders of unknown etiology, characterised by @entity32 leading to dense @entity82 . There have been several reports of @entity12787 with @entity1906 . @entity788 is frequently associated with various extrapancreatic lesions, their pathological similarities such as dense inflammatory @entity82 with lymphoplasmacytic infiltration strongly suggests a close relationship between autoimmune @entity788 and @entity12787 . Recently, autoimmune @entity788 including these systemic fibrosing disorders may be classified as IgG4-related @entity262 . However, the relationship between @entity4306 and IgG4-related @entity262 is still uncertain. We performed immunohistochemical examinations in autopsy specimens from a @entity1 with @entity4306 . Histological findings can be summarized as follows: sever interstitial @entity82 and diffuse inflammatory cells infiltration, presenting nonspecific inflammatory changes. Immunohistochemically, diffuse infiltrates in the dura consisted predominantly of @entity5855 positive T or L-26 positive B lymphocytes. Many IgG4 positive plasma cells were also infiltrated. To our knowledge, this may be the first report which showed IgG4 positive plasma cells infiltration in the dura in a @entity1 with @entity4306 . It is postulated that @entity4306 may be a dural lesion of IgG4-related @entity262 .

title: [Is @entity1906 a dural lesion of IgG4-related XXXX ?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'Autoimmune pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity1906 :: ('MESH:D014390', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic pachymeningitis']

entities_list: @entity12787 :: ('MESH:C537375', 'Disease') :: ['multifocal fibrosclerosis']

answer: @entity262 :: (MESH:D034721,Disease) :: ['systemic disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a major cause of secondary @entity101 , and is strongly associated with high morbidity and mortality of @entity65 . @entity1369 excess may influence mineral homeostasis through higher urinary @entity460 ( @entity9495 ) excretion, reduce @entity460 plasma levels, and lead to secondary increase of @entity461 ( @entity461 ). The purpose of the present study is to clarify the association of serum @entity461 and @entity9495 levels with PA in a meta-analysis. METHODS: We identified relevant studies by searching Pubmed, OVID and Sciencedirect (up to September 2014). Studies that met our predefined criteria were included. RESULTS: Six articles from 8 case-control studies were included, involving 748 subjects. Overall, the pooled analyses indicated that subjects with PA had significantly higher serum @entity461 concentrations and lower @entity9495 levels than controls with essential @entity101 (EH) ( @entity461 : SMD=1.146, 95% CI=[0.774,1.518]; @entity9495 : SMD=-0.698, 95% CI=[-1.102,-0.294]). Subgroup analysis stratified by type of @entity9495 measurement found a similar pattern by spectrophotometry (SMD=-1.078, 95% CI=[-1.532,-0.623]), but not by ion selective electrode (SMD=-0.248, 95%CI=[-0.810,0.315]). Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were not materially changed in the leave-one-out analyses by omitting one study in turn. No evidence of publication bias was observed. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis supports a significant association of @entity461 and @entity9495 concentration with PA. Metabolic and cardiovascular implications of such an association should be noted in the clinical practice. More mechanistic studies are needed to further explain the association between @entity461 and @entity9495 concentration and RA.

title: The association of serum @entity461 and XXXX levels with primary aldosteronism: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['Aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity461 :: ('5741', 'Gene') :: ['parathyriod hormone', 'PTH']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: A survey of Australian assisted reproduction technique (ART) units revealed many (> 50%) use @entity1671 of the follicle in addition to direct @entity1173 of the fluid during oocyte retrieval. The rationale is that @entity1671 offers an advantage to the @entity1 , with a larger number of oocytes being collected and thus a higher potential for pregnancy Following a complication in a @entity1 , the medical staff determined that @entity1671 might have been implicated. While this was later shown to be unfounded, the unit changed the method of oocyte collection, thus providing an opportunity historically to evaluate the differences between @entity1173 of follicular fluid alone or with additional @entity1671 of each follicle. Thus the aim of this analysis was to test the hypothesis that @entity1173 alone does not effect the outcomes of ART with respect to oocyte numbers collected, their quality and subsequent fertilisation, or ultimate pregnancy rate in a large @entity1 group (n = 2378). During the review period (1991-1993) the manufacturer of the @entity1173 needles; the pump and pressure used for @entity1173 ; the staff involved in all procedures; and the premises, equipment and media used for oocyte collection and culture remained constant. Similarly the two @entity1 groups did not differ in their demographics and physical characteristics. There was no difference (p > 0.5) in the number of oocytes collected, the number of embryos created or the pregnancy rate for that treatment cycle. There was also no significant difference between the two groups in fertilisation rates, irrespective of the type of treatment being used @entity52 ( @entity52 ), gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)). The data presented in this paper are not prospective. They use historical comparison and are confounded by minor changes in ovarian stimulation protocols, but the conclusions are still valid. These data suggest there is no difference in the outcome of ART (from oocyte collection through to pregnancy rate) whether or not @entity1173 of follicles is accompanied by @entity1671 . First principles of surgery advocate the shortest possible operating time, the simplest procedure and minimum amount of tissue handling as maxims for reducing complication. Therefore, as a routine, @entity1671 would seem superfluous in ART.

title: Follicular XXXX at oocyte retrieval: a reappraisal.

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['IVF', 'in vitro fertilisation']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration']

answer: @entity1671 :: (MESH:D005483,Disease) :: ['flushing']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Only few reports exist on @entity5 that require cardiopulmonary bypass during resection. We aimed to investigate the early and late clinical outcome of these @entity1 . METHODS: @entity1 with @entity5 that underwent surgery between 2002 and 2014 were analyzed. All @entity1 had cardiopulomonary bypass support during resection. Clinical and perioperative data was retrospectively reviewed for outcome and overall survival. RESULTS: Fifteen @entity1 (12 female, mean age of 55        15  years, range 24 to 80  years) were identified. Eleven (8 female) were diagnosed with primary @entity1514 and four with @entity3 . Three @entity1 died early postoperatively. @entity1 diagnosed with @entity242 had a significantly worse outcome than non- @entity242 @entity1 (83.3        15.2  % after 1  year, 31.3        24.5  % after 5  years vs. 83.3        15.2  % after 1  year, 0        0  % after 5  years, p   =   0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Malignancies with extension into cardiac structures or infiltration of great vessels can be resected with cardiopulmonary bypass support and tolerable risk. Carefully selected @entity1 can undergo advanced operative procedures with an acceptable 1-year-survival, but only few @entity1 achieved good long-term outcome.

title: Resection of XXXX infiltrating cardiac structures with use of cardiopulmonary bypass.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant thoracic neoplasms', 'thoracic malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1514 :: ('MESH:D013896', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic malignomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['thoracic malignancies']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Existing vital health statistics registries in India have been unable to provide reliable estimates of maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity, and region-specific health estimates are essential to the planning and monitoring of health interventions. This study was designed to assess baseline rates as the precursor to a community-based cluster randomized control trial (cRCT)-Community Level Interventions for @entity1468 (CLIP) Trial (NCT01911494; CTRI/2014/01/004352). The objective was to describe baseline demographics and health outcomes prior to initiation of the CLIP trial and to improve knowledge of population-level health, in particular of maternal and neonatal outcomes related to @entity101 disorders of pregnancy, in northern districts the state of Karnataka, India. The prospective population-based survey was conducted in eight clusters in Belgaum and Bagalkot districts in Karnataka State from 2013-2014. Data collection was undertaken by adapting the Maternal and Newborn Health registry platform, developed by the Global Network for @entity1 's and @entity1 Health Studies. Descriptive statistics were completed using SAS and R. During the period of 2013-2014, prospective data was collected on 5,469 pregnant @entity1 with an average age of 23.2 (+/-3.3) years. Delivery outcomes were collected from 5,448 completed pregnancies. A majority of the @entity1 reported institutional deliveries (96.0%), largely attended by skilled birth attendants. The maternal mortality ratio of 103 (per 100,000 livebirths) was observed during this study, neonatal mortality ratio was 25 per 1,000 livebirths, and perinatal mortality ratio was 50 per 1,000 livebirths. Despite a high number of institutional deliveries, rates of stillbirth were 2.86%. Early enrollment and close follow-up and monitoring procedures established by the Maternal and Newborn Health registry allowed for negligible lost to follow-up. This population-level study provides regional rates of maternal and newborn health in Belgaum and Bagalkot in Karnataka over 2013-14. The mortality ratios and morbidity information can be used in planning interventions and monitoring indicators of effectiveness to inform policy and practice. Comprehensive regional epidemiologic data, such as that provided here, is essential to gauge improvements and challenges in maternal health, as well as track disparities found in rural areas.

title: Maternal and Newborn Health in Karnataka State, India: The Community Level Interventions for XXXX (CLIP) Trial's Baseline Study Results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'women', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['Pre-eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['Pre-Eclampsia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Positive-strand RNA [(+) RNA] viruses remodel cellular membranes to facilitate virus replication and assembly. In the case of @entity68316 ), the viral membrane protein 6K2 plays an essential role in endomembrane alterations. Although 6K2-induced membrane dynamics have been widely studied by confocal microscopy, the ultrastructure of this remodeling has not been extensively examined. In this study, we investigated the formation of @entity68316 -induced membrane changes by chemical fixation and high-pressure freezing/freeze substitution (HPF/FS) for transmission electron microscopy at different times of @entity281 . We observed the formation of convoluted membranes connected to rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) early in the @entity281 process, followed by the production of single-membrane vesicle-like (SMVL) structures at mid stage of @entity281 . Both SMVL and double-membrane vesicle-like structures with electron-dense cores, as well as electron-dense bodies, were found late in the @entity281 process. Immunogold labeling results showed that the vesicle-like structures were 6K2 tagged, and suggested that only the SMVL structures were viral RNA replication sites. Electron tomography (ET) was used to regenerate a three-dimensional model of these vesicle-like structures, which showed they were in fact tubules. Late in @entity281 , we observed filamentous particle bundles associated with electron-dense bodies, which suggests that these are sites for viral particle assembly. In addition, @entity68316 particles were observed to accumulate in the central vacuole as membrane-associated linear arrays. Our work thus unravels the sequential appearance of distinct @entity68316 -induced membrane structures for viral RNA replication, viral particle assembly and accumulation. IMPORTANCE: Positive-strand RNA viruses remodel cellular membranes for different stages of the infectious process, such as protein translation and processing, viral RNA synthesis, particle assembly, and virus transmission. The ultrastructure of the @entity68316 -induced membrane remodeling was investigated over several days of @entity281 . The first change that was observed involved endoplasmic reticulum-connected convoluted membrane accumulation. This was followed by the formation of single-membrane tubules, which were shown to be viral RNA replication sites. Later in the @entity281 process, double-membrane tubular structures were observed and were associated with viral particle bundles. In addition, @entity68316 particles were observed to accumulate in the central vacuole as membrane-associated linear arrays. This work thus unravels the sequential appearance of distinct @entity68316 -induced membrane structures for viral RNA replication, viral particle assembly and accumulation.

title: Ultrastructural characterization of XXXX induced cellular rearrangements reveal membrane-bound viral particles accumulating in vacuoles.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity68316 :: ('12230', 'Species') :: ['Turnip mosaic virus', 'Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV', 'TuMV']

answer: @entity68316 :: (12230,Species) :: ['Turnip mosaic virus']


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is an uncommon manifestation of @entity5 . @entity1962 of the @entity1085 is a rare variation in @entity1086 ( @entity1086 ), associated with worse prognosis. We present the case of a 56-year-old @entity1 who presented with an inflamed lump on her abdominal wall. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a large mass from the @entity1085 invading the abdominal wall. She underwent liver resection with regional lymphadenectomy. Pathology analysis revealed a 12-cm pT3N0 @entity1086 . Hospital discharge occurred at post-operative Day 20. She recurred and died 10 months after surgery. Survival after the diagnosis of @entity3 is dismal. The present case was a diagnostic trap. First, the @entity1 's @entity272 presented as a cutaneous abscess and biopsy revealed a @entity1544 . A CT scan suggested a continuous mass involving the abdominal wall. @entity3 was only suspected during surgery when no continuity between the @entity5 and the abdominal wall was identified.

title: @entity1086 XXXX to the skin   .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1085 :: ('MESH:D005705', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['visceral malignancies', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesion']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['Cutaneous metastasis', 'CM']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['GBC', 'gallbladder carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1962 :: ('MESH:D018196', 'Disease') :: ['Adenosquamous carcinoma']

answer: @entity1962 :: (MESH:D018196,Disease) :: ['adenosquamous carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background Delirium is an acute change in mental status characterized by sudden onset, fluctuating course, inattention, disorganized thinking, and abnormal level of consciousness. The objective of the randomized controlled trial "A STrategy to Reduce the Incidence of @entity260 in Elderly @entity1 " (STRIDE) is to assess the effectiveness of light versus heavy sedation on @entity933 and other outcomes in elderly @entity1 undergoing @entity173 repair surgery. Our goal is to describe the design considerations and lessons learned in planning and implementing the STRIDE trial. Methods Discussed are challenges encountered including (1) how to ensure that we quickly identify, assess the eligibility of, and randomize traumatic @entity173 @entity1 ; (2) how to implement interventions that involve continuous monitoring and adjustment during the surgery; and (3) how to measure and ascertain the primary outcome, @entity933 . Results To address the first challenge, we monitored the operating room schedule more actively than anticipated. We constructed and organized eligibility assessment data collection forms by purpose and by source of information needed to complete them. We decided that randomization needs to take place in the operating room. To address the second challenge, we designed and implemented a treatment protocol and covered the bispectral index monitor to prevent the Anesthesiologist/Anesthetist from being influenced by the bispectral index reading while administering the intervention. Finally, clinical assessment of @entity933 consisted of standardized interviews of the @entity1 using validated instruments, interviews of those caring for the @entity1 , and review of the medical record. A consensus panel made the final determination of a @entity933 diagnosis. We note that STRIDE is a single-center trial. The decisions we took may have different implications for multi-center trials. Conclusions Lessons learned are likely to provide useful information to others designing trials in emergency and surgical setting and for those who are interested in unbiased assessment of @entity933 .

title: Design considerations of a randomized controlled trial of sedation level during @entity173 repair surgery: a strategy to reduce the incidence of XXXX in elderly @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fracture']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative Delirium']

answer: @entity260 :: (MESH:D011183,Disease) :: ['postoperative delirium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Traumatic events such as disasters, accidents, war, or criminal violence are often accompanied by the loss of loved ones, and may then give rise to traumatic grief. Traumatic grief refers to a clinical diagnosis of @entity74 ( @entity74 ) with comorbid (symptoms of) @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) and/or @entity308 ( @entity308 ) following confrontation with a @entity393 . @entity130 survivors, who are frequently from different cultural backgrounds, have often experienced multiple losses and ambiguous loss (missing family members or friends). Current evidence-based treatments for @entity1005 do not focus on traumatic grief. OBJECTIVE: To develop a treatment for traumatic grief combining treatment interventions for @entity1005 and @entity74 that may accommodate cultural aspects of grief. METHOD: To provide a rationale for treatment, we propose a cognitive stress model of traumatic grief. Based on this model and on existing evidence-based treatments for @entity1005 and complicated grief, we developed Brief Eclectic Psychotherapy for Traumatic Grief (BEP-TG) for the treatment of @entity1 with traumatic grief. The treatment is presented along with a case vignette. RESULTS: Processes contributing to traumatic grief include inadequately integrating the memory of the @entity393 , negative appraisal of the @entity393 , sensitivity to matching triggers and new stressors, and attempting to avoid distress. BEP-TG targets these processes. The BEP-TG protocol consists of five parts with proven effectiveness in the treatment of @entity74 , @entity1005 , and @entity308 : information and motivation, grief-focused exposure, memorabilia and writing assignments, finding meaning and activation, and a farewell ritual. CONCLUSION: Tailored to fit the needs of @entity130 survivors, BEP-TG can be used to address traumatic grief symptoms related to multiple losses and ambiguous loss, as well as cultural aspects of bereavement through its different components.

title: Brief Eclectic Psychotherapy for Traumatic Grief (BEP-TG): toward integrated treatment of symptoms related to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['MDD', 'major depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['persistent complex bereavement disorder', 'PCBD']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic loss']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity393 :: (MESH:D034381,Disease) :: ['traumatic loss']


abstract: BACKGROUND: No studies have assessed psychopathology among @entity345 ( @entity345 ) @entity1 . The General Health Questionnaire allows for distinguishing @entity1 suffering from @entity146 problems from those in good mental health. OBJECTIVE: To assess the @entity146 in Saudi @entity1 with @entity345 . METHODS: The study was cross-sectional in nature. Institutional ethics committee approval and individual informed consent from study @entity1 were obtained. Fifty @entity1 with @entity345 with unknown @entity146 were given the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) questionnaire to complete. RESULTS: Complete data were available for 50 @entity1 . Thirty @entity1 (60%) with @entity345 scored above the conventional threshold. Their subgroups were: somatic complaints 28%, @entity148 and @entity22 28%, social dysfunction 34%, and severe @entity308 10%. CONCLUSIONS: Greater attention needs to be paid to @entity345 @entity1 . Vulnerable female @entity1 may have high levels of @entity146 symptomatology that may benefit from assessment and intervention.

title: Comorbid XXXX conditions of @entity345 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric illness']

entities_list: @entity345 :: ('MESH:D065635', 'Disease') :: ['BPPV', 'benign paroxysmal positional vertigo']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: The high local failure rate in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity189 treated with standard radiation has spurred interest in radiosensitization. @entity900 is the most active single chemotherapeutic agent in squamous @entity189 , and is considered to be a radiosensitizer. Based on a previous single-institution study looking at continuous low-dose intra-arterial @entity900 given throughout planned radiation therapy in @entity1 with advanced @entity189 , the Gynecologic Oncology Group initiated a limited access pilot study to assess the feasibility of this treatment method for a group-wide study. @entity1 with locally advanced squamous @entity189 and surgically documented negative periaortic lymph nodes were eligible for the study. During surgical staging, the catheters of a totally implantable pump were placed in the internal iliac arteries. The pump was filled with @entity900 which was delivered at 4.5-6.5 mg day-1 continuously throughout both external radiation and brachytherapy. Drug distribution through the catheters was determined using radiolabelled macro-aggregated albumin particles. Three of nine evaluable @entity1 were free of disease at follow-up. Drug distribution was less than optimal through 4.6% of the pump catheters. Five @entity1 had premature discontinuation of the @entity900 for various reasons. These problems resulted in low accrual and subsequent closure of the study. This treatment method is not feasible for a phase III evaluation on a group-wide basis.

title: Continuous intra-arterial @entity900 combined with radiotherapy in locally advanced squamous XXXX : a Gynecologic Oncology Group pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the cervix']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the cervix']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dietary induction of @entity4059 ( @entity4059 ) can reduce @entity294 in @entity1 with @entity29 . @entity1 with @entity5 may suffer from @entity294 with a prominent secretory component. We studied if @entity4059 -therapy could affect this type of @entity294 . METHODS: Six @entity1 with the midgut @entity4303 and two with metastasizing @entity259 ( @entity259 ) participated. Effects of intake of @entity4059 , in the form of @entity4059 -rich egg powder ( @entity4059 -egg), and induction of endogenous @entity4059 -activity by intake of specially processed cereals (SPCs) were studied. In an initial open part of the study all @entity1 received @entity4059 -egg for 4 weeks, followed by a double-blind crossover period with SPC and control cereals (CCs) for 6 weeks each. Daily number of bowel movements at the end of each treatment period was registered. RESULTS: Treatment with @entity4059 -egg resulted in a @entity717 in seven @entity1 (P<0.01). Registrations of bowel movements from both SPC and CC diet periods were obtained from five @entity1 . The daily number of bowel movements was lower during the SPC-period compared to the period with CC (P<0.05). All @entity1 had low levels of @entity4059 -activity in serum at baseline. During treatment with @entity4059 -egg, the mean level increased slightly. @entity4059 -activity was higher (P<0.05) after SPC compared to the CC diet. CONCLUSIONS: In a group of @entity1 with endocrine @entity294 , @entity4059 -activity could be induced, and @entity4059 -therapy reduced the number of bowel movements.

title: Antisecretory factor counteracts secretory XXXX of endocrine origin.

entities_list: @entity4059 :: ('MESH:D007020', 'Disease') :: ['AF', 'antisecretory factor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrine tumours']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity4303 :: ('MESH:D002276', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoid syndrome']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['decrease of bowel movements']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['medullary thyroid carcinoma', 'MTC']

answer: @entity294 :: (MESH:D003967,Disease) :: ['diarrhoea']


abstract: AIM: To identify characteristics of neuropsychological function among elderly individuals with @entity73 ( @entity73 ) and evaluate domain-specific effects of T2DM on cognition. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Tianjin, China. MCI subjects (n=246) and controls were identified in elderly individuals with @entity6 , and groups were matched in a 1:1 ratio for sex, age and educational level. Cognitive function was assessed using WAIS-III (block design, digit span), @entity2205 Making Test A, @entity2205 Making Test B, @entity3297 -III (word list learning, logical memory), verbal fluency and MMSE. We used multivariable logistic regression to find @entity6 factors associated with MCI. RESULTS: The mean MMSE score was 22.73  2.32 in subjects with @entity73 , versus 26.71  2.43 in subjects cognitive normal (P<0.001). Executive and visuospatial functions were more impaired in individuals with @entity73 than in those without, as assessed using block design (P<0.001), digit span test (P<0.001), and Trails B (P<0.001). For memory, subjects with @entity73 did worse than those cognitive normal on the word learning list delayed recall (P=0.015). @entity6 -related factors such as longer duration of T2DM, higher HbA1c, insulin treatment was associated with a lower level of cognitive functioning using MMSE, block design, delayed recall and Trails B test. CONCLUSIONS: T2DM should be considered a risk factor for MCI. This risk may be associated with duration of @entity6 , use of @entity413 -lowering medications, degree of @entity413 control. To decrease risk of MCI, it is important to monitor @entity413 control and adjust medications appropriately in elderly @entity1 .

title: The characteristic of cognitive function in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Type 2 diabetes mellitus with mild cognitive impairment', 'T2DM-MCI']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Type 2 diabetes mellitus']


abstract: Qualitative abnormalities of spontaneous motor activity in newborns and young @entity1 are early predictive markers for later @entity306 . Aim of this research was to identify which motor patterns may be specific for later @entity306 . In a large, prospectively performed longitudinal study involving four European hospitals we identified twelve cases with the relatively rare condition of @entity306 and compared their early motor development with twelve @entity306 cases and twelve controls. From birth to the fifth month post-term, all @entity1 were repeatedly videoed and their spontaneous motor patterns, including general movements, were assessed. Until the second month post-term, the @entity1 that later became @entity910 displayed a poor repertoire of general movements, "arm movements in circles" and finger spreading. Abnormal arm and finger movements remained until at least five months and were then concurrent with a lack of arm and leg movements towards the midline. Later @entity910 @entity1 share with later spastic @entity1 the absence of fidgety movements, a spontaneous movement pattern that is normally present from three to five months. Qualitative assessment of spontaneous motor patterns enabled us to identify @entity1 at high risk for @entity306 early in life. Additionally, we were able to discriminate them from those @entity1 at high risk for later @entity306 . This is a matter of significant clinical relevance because the two types of @entity306 ask for different management and early intervention.

title: The early markers for later XXXX are different from those for @entity306 .

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinetic']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['spastic cerebral palsy', 'dyskinetic cerebral palsy', 'cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity306 :: (MESH:D002547,Disease) :: ['dyskinetic cerebral palsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The association between hygiene and prevalence of @entity792 has been attributed in part to @entity281 . A pilot study of experimental @entity281 with the hookworm @entity17447 was undertaken among a group of otherwise healthy @entity1 with celiac disease to test the potential of the helminth to suppress the immunopathology induced by gluten. METHODS: In a 21-week, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, we explored the effects of @entity17447 @entity281 in 20 healthy, helminth-na  ve adults with celiac disease well controlled by diet. Staged cutaneous inoculations with 10 and 5 infective 3(rd) stage hookworm larvae or placebo were performed at week-0 and -12 respectively. At week-20, a five day oral @entity3505 challenge equivalent to 16 grams of gluten per day was undertaken. Primary outcomes included duodenal Marsh score and quantification of the immunodominant a-gliadin peptide (QE65)-specific systemic interferon-y-producing cells by ELISpot pre- and post- @entity3505 challenge. RESULTS: Enteric colonisation with hookworm established in all 10 cases, resulting in transiently @entity158 in 5. @entity281 was asymptomatic, with no effect on hemoglobin levels. Although some duodenal @entity1712 was apparent, hookworm-infected mucosa retained a healthy appearance. In both groups, @entity3505 challenge caused deterioration in both primary and several secondary outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Experimental @entity17447 @entity281 proved to be safe and enabled testing its effect on a range of measures of the @entity1 autoimmune response. Infection imposed no obvious benefit on pathology. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00671138.

title: Effect of hookworm infection on XXXX challenge in celiac disease--a randomised double-blinded placebo controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['enteric helminth infection', 'infection', 'Chronic infection']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful enteritis']

entities_list: @entity17447 :: ('51031', 'Species') :: ['N. americanus', 'Necator americanus']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

answer: @entity3505 :: (4565,Species) :: ['wheat']


abstract: In model organisms both the nutrition of the mother and the young offspring could induce long-lasting transcriptional changes in tissues. In livestock, such changes could have important roles in determining nutrient use and meat quality. The main objective was to evaluate if plane of maternal nutrition during late-gestation and weaning age alter the offspring's Longissimus muscle (LM) transcriptome, animal performance, and metabolic hormones. Whole-transcriptome microarray analysis was performed on LM samples of early (EW) and normal weaned (NW) Angus * Simmental @entity291 born to grazing @entity291 receiving no supplement [low plane of nutrition (LPN)] or 2.3 kg high-grain mix/day [ @entity3147 ( @entity3147 )] during the last 105 days of gestation. Biopsies of LM were harvested at 78 (EW), 187 (NW) and 354 (before slaughter) days of age. Despite greater feed intake in @entity3147 offspring, blood insulin was greater in LPN offspring. Carcass @entity70156 content was greater in EW offspring. Bioinformatics analysis of the transcriptome highlighted a modest overall response to maternal plane of nutrition, resulting in only 35 differentially expressed genes (DEG). However, weaning age and a high-grain diet (EW) strongly impacted the transcriptome (DEG = 167), especially causing a lipogenic program activation. In addition, between 78 and 187 days of age, EW steers had an activation of the innate immune system due presumably to macrophage infiltration of @entity70156 . Between 187 and 354 days of age (the "finishing" phase), NW steers had an activation of the lipogenic transcriptome machinery, while EW steers had a clear inhibition through the epigenetic control of histone acetylases. Results underscored the need to conduct further studies to understand better the functional outcome of transcriptome changes induced in the offspring by pre- and post-natal nutrition. Additional knowledge on molecular and functional outcomes would help produce more efficient beef @entity291 .

title: Maternal Plane of Nutrition during Late Gestation and Weaning Age Alter Angus * Simmental Offspring Longissimus Muscle Transcriptome and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['cows', 'cattle', 'calves']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['medium plane of nutrition', 'MPN']

answer: @entity70156 :: (100885059,Gene) :: ['Intramuscular Fat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity775 ( @entity775 ) is a chronic @entity409 of unknown aetiology, which when left untreated can lead to liver @entity82 and @entity1578 . Current treatment strategies include long-term treatment with @entity288 and/or @entity500 . Most @entity1 respond well to immunosuppressive therapy and treatment usually results in an asymptomatic course of @entity775 in remission. Nevertheless, both drugs are associated with serious side effects that can sometimes be severe and may necessitate drug withdrawal. Whether or not treatment in @entity1 who are in longstanding remission can be discontinued is unknown. Key Messages: Available data rely on retrospective data sets and are not conclusive. Some studies indicate that a sustained remission after treatment withdrawal is feasible, whereas other studies have found relapse rates in up to 90% of @entity1 , even in @entity1 with established histological remission. @entity1 who relapse after drug withdrawal have a high probability for a re-relapse to occur. Life-long maintenance therapy should be strongly considered in these @entity1 , since @entity1 who have multiple relapses are more likely to progress to @entity82 , @entity409 . CONCLUSION: For a majority of @entity1 , @entity775 is a lifelong disease requiring permanent treatment. @entity1 in longstanding clinical remission on monotherapy, with complete normalisation of aminotransferases and IgG could be offered one attempt of drug withdrawal. The risk of disease progression after a single relapse appears low, while a @entity1 's realization that infinite maintenance therapy is mandatory may improve drug adherence.

title: Treatment Withdrawal in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory liver disorder', 'liver transplantation and death from liver failure']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity775 :: ('MESH:D019693', 'Disease') :: ['AIH', 'Autoimmune hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity775 :: (MESH:D019693,Disease) :: ['Autoimmune Hepatitis']