abstract: The incidence of @entity5 decreased in Finland over a 30-year period because of an effective screening program, but in the beginning of the 1990s it began to increase. Reasons for such an increase are variable: changes in sexual habits, shortcomings in attendance for screening and possibly variation in laboratory quality. We evaluated the impact of 3 laboratories in the greater Helsinki area on screening performance and on the incidence of @entity3 and preinvasive @entity75 in the target population. We studied time trends, geographic differences in attendance and detection rates from screening and the incidence of @entity3 in the greater Helsinki area (population about 1 million) during the 1990s, when screening was reorganized from the @entity5 Society of Finland laboratory to the municipal one (Helsinki) and to a private laboratory (Espoo), while in Vantaa screening remained with the same @entity5 Society laboratory. The attendance rate for screening increased during the study period in all 3 cities. The numbers of cytologically suspected and histologically confirmed @entity1613 found, including severe lesions, decreased significantly with the change of laboratory in Espoo; but in Helsinki and Vantaa, they increased. The overall incidence of @entity3 increased in all cities in the age groups screened but mostly in Espoo. The rather rapid changes and variation in trends in the number of screening findings cannot be explained by changes in etiologic factors or attendance. They may be related more to the quality of the laboratory performance and perhaps to the criteria used in cytology and colposcopy. A well-organized auditing system is proposed to maintain high quality in screening.

title: Effect of type of screening laboratory on population-based occurrence of XXXX in Finland.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['precancerous lesions']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cervical lesions']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cancer', 'invasive cervical cancer']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['cervical lesions']


abstract: AIMS: @entity20649 initially emerged as a gut-brain hormone controlling food intake, meal initiation and appetite mainly via hypothalamic circuits in both rodents and @entity1 . The findings that @entity20649 receptors (GHS-R1A) are expressed in reward-related areas, including the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and ventral tegmental area (VTA), suggest that @entity20649 is a novel reward regulator. Indeed, @entity20649 signalling mediates the rewarding and motivational properties of addictive drugs. In addition, daily co-administration of a GHS-R1A antagonist and various addictive drugs prevents the drug-induced locomotor sensitization in @entity35 . METHODS: The present series of experiment were designed to evaluate the effect of repeated pharmacological GHS-R1A suppression on drug-induced locomotor stimulation in more detail. RESULTS: We showed that sub-chronic pre-treatment of the GHS-R1A antagonist, @entity32818 , attenuated the ability of acute administration of @entity285 as well as of @entity4944 to stimulate locomotion. However, there was no effect of sub-chronic @entity32818 treatment on locomotor activity per se or on the expression of the GHS-R1A gene ( @entity27953 ) in the VTA or the NAc compared with vehicle treatment. In addition, sub-chronic @entity20649 treatment caused a locomotor sensitization. CONCLUSIONS: While previous research has pinpointed @entity20649 as an appetite regulator the present study together with previous studies suggest that @entity20649 signalling modulates various reward-mediated behaviours in rodents. Collectively, this suggests that the GHS-R1A could be a key target for novel treatment strategies for addiction.

title: Sub-chronic @entity27953 Blockade Attenuates @entity285 - and XXXX -Induced Locomotor Stimulation in Mice.

entities_list: @entity4944 :: ('MESH:D000661', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamine']

answer: @entity4944 :: (MESH:D000661,Chemical) :: ['Amphetamine']


abstract: @entity146 , especially @entity1316 in @entity1 and adolescent are serious problem of all over the world in the field of @entity1 and adolescent psychiatry. In the recent years @entity1316 occur in the earlier age. The prevalence of @entity308 ( @entity308 ) is about 1-2% in preadolescent @entity1 and 3-8% in adolescents. When the @entity308 is not treated there is a big risk of worsening of symptoms, risk of suicide and development of @entity74 . The quality of life of the @entity1 and its family is decreasing in the whole view. The molecular basis of @entity308 is not well known. The main pathomechanism of @entity308 is in noradrenergic, serotonergic and dopaminergic pathway dysregulation, nutition factors, which can influence structure and metabolism of lipids. It was found decreased level of omega 3 fatty aids (FA), increased ratio of omega 6/omega 3 FA in the serum and in erythrocyte membrane. It is supposed that the oxidative neuronal injury can be prevented by dietary supplementation of antioxidants and that membrane phospholipids can be repaired by dietary supplementation of @entity1718 . @entity9539 may also participate in modulation of membrane fluidity, which influences the transmission of neurotransmitters. The membrane fluidity is affected by the ratio of phospholipids to free @entity165 . In addition, activation of the inflammatory response was found in @entity308 @entity1 through increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines ( @entity1356 , @entity650 , @entity379 , @entity310 ) and @entity1813 ( @entity1421 ) in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. This results in increased lipid peroxidation and degradation of @entity1474 , which may result in increased oxidative stress. @entity9539 also stimulate anti-inflammatory cytokines ( @entity688 ) or inhibit the cyclooxygenase, platelet aggregation and formation of @entity1813 . The potential molecular mechanisms will be discussed.

title: XXXX and @entity9539 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'child', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['major depression', 'MD', 'depressive']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['interferon gamma']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['comorbid disorders']

entities_list: @entity9539 :: ('MESH:D015525', 'Chemical') :: ['Omega-3 fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity1813 :: ('MESH:D015777', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosanoids']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Psychiatric disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity affects lung function and respiratory muscle strength. The aim of the present study was to assess lung function and respiratory muscle strength in @entity1 with @entity28 and determine the influence of body composition on these variables. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 75 @entity1 (40 with @entity28 and 35 within the ideal weight range) aged 6 - 10 years. Body mass index, z score, waist circumference, body composition (tetrapolar bioimpedance), respiratory muscle strength and lung function (spirometry) were evaluated. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity28 exhibited larger quantities of both lean and fat mass in comparison to those in the ideal weight range. No significant differences were found between groups regarding the respective reference values for respiratory muscle strength. Male @entity1 with @entity28 demonstrated significantly lower lung function values (forced expiratory volume in the first second % (FEV1%) and FEV1/forced vital capacity % (FVC%) : 93.76    9.78 and 92.29    3.8, respectively) in comparison to males in the ideal weight range (99.87    9.72 and 96.31    4.82, respectively). The regression models demonstrated that the spirometric variables were influenced by all body composition variables. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity28 demonstrated a reduction in lung volume and capacity. Thus, anthropometric and body composition characteristics may be predictive factors for altered lung function.

title: Influence of Body Composition on Lung Function and Respiratory Muscle Strength in XXXX With Obesity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: The incidence rate of @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ) has increased over the past decades, but the pathogenesis remains unclear. @entity6992 , located in pre-miR-146a, has been studied in PTCs with different ethnicity, but the results were inconsistent. Here we evaluate the association between @entity6992 polymorphism and @entity3557 and investigate the effect of this polymorphism on @entity1 ' clinicopathological characteristics. 1238 @entity3557 @entity1 and 1275 controls, all Han population, from Northern China, were included in our study. @entity6992 was genotyped using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Analysis of inheritance model was performed using the SNPStats program. Strength of association was assessed by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Overall, no statistical difference in @entity6992 genotype distribution and allelic frequencies between cases and controls was found, and @entity1 with different genotypes had similar clinicopathological characteristics in terms of stage, location, concurrent of @entity5 , and @entity1374 , while, as the number of G alleles increased, proportion of @entity1 aged >= 45 years and those without @entity3 increased (P trend < 0.001 and P trend = 0.003, resp.). However, no association remained significant after Bonferroni correction under any model of inheritance. Our results suggest no association between @entity6992 polymorphism with @entity3557 and @entity1 ' clinicopathological characteristics.

title: Association of Pre-miR-146a XXXX Polymorphism with @entity3557 .

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['PTC', 'papillary thyroid cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['benign thyroid tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroiditis']

answer: @entity6992 :: (rs2910164,SNP) :: ['rs2910164']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine the influence of age, education, admission in nursing homes and @entity102 ( @entity101 , @entity6 , hyperlipidaemia, @entity148 and @entity308 ) on the cognitive state of the population over 65 years of age. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A study was made of a geriatric outpatient population ( @entity1 living at home or institutionalised) with @entity102 , who showed @entity73 and @entity308 . The cognitive mini-exam (CME) and the geriatric @entity308 scale (Yesavage) were administered. RESULTS: One hundred and forty-seven @entity1 participated, with an average age of 71.4 years and a similar proportion of @entity1 (74; 50.3%) and @entity1 (73; 49.7%). Thirty-four subjects (23.1%) were living in nursing homes. The most @entity66 were @entity101 (50%), @entity148 (30%), @entity6 (22%), @entity4040 (22%), @entity308 (13%) and hypercholesterolaemia (12%). Half of the @entity1 (79; 53.7%) were following treatment with more than three medicines; 60 (40.6%) with between two and three medicines, and only 8 (5.5%) were taking no medication. The percentage of subjects living in an institution increased with age. The consumption of medicines was also higher amongst the more elderly. The scores on the cognitive scale (CME) decrease with age and were also lower amongst subjects who live in institutions (above all if they suffer from @entity308 ). The @entity1 who took psychotropics had lower scores on the CME. Although performances on the CME are lower amongst subjects with a low level of education, the differences do not reach statistical significance. The presence of hyperlipidaemia also decreased the results of the CME. CONCLUSIONS: The socio-health factors that altered performance negatively in the cognitive mini-exam are advanced age and institutionalisation. These results are also significantly influenced by @entity308 , hyperlipidaemia and the consumption of medicines that affect the cognitive state.

title: [Influence of socio-health variables on the cognitive state of mind of the geriatric XXXX of a health centre].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression', 'depressive disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'arterial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['prevalent diseases']

entities_list: @entity4040 :: ('MESH:C537208', 'Disease') :: ['arthrosis']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deterioration']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety', 'anxiety-insomnia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Prophylactic laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be performed in solid organ transplant @entity1 with asymptomatic @entity2963 . Modeled, decision analytic techniques were used to evaluate the different management strategies for asymptomatic @entity2963 in @entity8 . The clinical outcomes of expectant management, pretransplantation prophylactic cholecystectomy, and posttransplantation prophylactic cholecystectomy were analyzed for each population. The probabilities and outcomes were derived form a pooled analysis of published studies. One- and two-way sensitivity and cost analyses were performed. Prophylactic posttransplantation cholecystectomy is favored for cardiac transplant recipients with asymptomatic @entity2963 , resulting in 5:1000 @entity204 versus 80:1000 for pretransplantation cholecystectomy and 44:1000 for expectant management. In distinction, expectant management for asymptomatic @entity2963 is favored in pancreas/renal transplant @entity1 , resulting in 2:1000 @entity204 compared with 5:1000 for prophylactic cholecystectomy. After heart transplantation, a strategy of routine, prophylactic cholecystectomy is anticipated to result in a cost savings of  17,779 per quality-adjusted life-year. Prophylactic posttransplantation cholecystectomy is the preferred management strategy for cardiac transplant @entity1 with incidental @entity5990 , resulting in decreased mortality and significant cost savings per quality-adjusted life-year. Expectant management is the preferred strategy for @entity8 transplant recipients with asymptomatic @entity2963 .

title: Prophylactic cholecystectomy in transplant XXXX : a decision analysis.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac and pancreas/renal transplant recipients', 'pancreas and/or kidney']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['gallstones']

entities_list: @entity2963 :: ('MESH:D002769', 'Disease') :: ['cholelithiasis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The hepatic @entity754 ( @entity754 ) pathway is essential for clearing circulating LDL and is an important therapeutic target for treating @entity65 . Abundance of the @entity754 is subject to both transcriptional and nontranscriptional control. Here, we highlight a new post-transcriptional mechanism for controlling @entity754 function via ubiquitination of the receptor by the E3-ubiquitin ligase inducible degrader of the @entity754 ( @entity696 ). RECENT FINDINGS: @entity696 is a recently identified transcriptional target of the liver X receptors. Acting as an E3-ubiquitin ligase @entity696 promotes ubiquitination of the @entity754 , thereby marking it for lysosomal degradation. The determinants required for degradation of the @entity754 by @entity696 have been largely identified. @entity696 also targets two related lipoprotein receptors, the very @entity754 and apolipoprotein E receptor 2. Despite several similarities, the @entity696 , and @entity756 pathways for controlling @entity754 abundance seem independent of each other. Genome-wide association studies have recently identified @entity696 as a locus influencing variability in circulating levels of LDL, thereby highlighting the possible role of @entity696 in @entity1 lipoprotein metabolism. SUMMARY: Transcriptional induction of @entity696 by liver X receptor defines a new post-transcriptional pathway for controlling @entity754 abundance and LDL uptake independent of @entity5068 regulatory element binding proteins. Targeting @entity696 activity may offer a novel therapeutic approach complementary to statins for treating @entity65 .

title: Post-transcriptional regulation of lipoprotein receptors by the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity754 :: ('3949', 'Gene') :: ['low-density lipoprotein receptor', 'LDLR']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity696 :: (29116,Gene) :: ['E3-ubiquitin ligase inducible degrader of the low-density lipoprotein receptor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endovascular coiling (EVC) has been shown to yield superior clinical outcomes to surgical clipping (SC) in the treatment of @entity1756 . The reasons for these differences remain obscure. We aimed to assess outcomes of EVC and SC relative to baseline physiological derangement. METHODS: This was an exploratory analysis of prospectively collected trial data. Physiological derangement was assessed using the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scoring system. Other contributory variables such as age, World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade, and development of complications, including @entity1276 and @entity2553 , were included in the analysis. Clinical outcome was independently assessed at 90   days using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Hospital stay, ventilated days, and total @entity1063 dose were also used as secondary outcomes. Multivariate analysis was performed using binary logistic regression. RESULTS: EVC was performed in 69 @entity1 and SC in 66 @entity1 . More profound physiological derangement (APACHE II score >15) was the strongest predictor of poor outcome in the overall cohort (OR 17.80, 95% CI 4.78 to 66.21, p<0.0001). For those with more deranged physiology (APACHE II score>15; 59 @entity1 ), WFNS grade >= 4 (OR 6.74, 1.43 to 31.75) and SC (OR 6.33, 1.27 to 31.38) were significant predictors of poor outcome (p<0.05). Favorable outcome (mRS 0-2) was seen in 11% of SC @entity1 compared with 38% of EVC @entity1 in this subgroup. SC @entity1 had significantly increased total @entity1063 dose, ventilated days, and hospital stay (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: More profound physiological derangement at baseline is a strong predictor of eventual poor outcome, and outcomes for @entity1 with more profound baseline physiological derangement may be improved if undergoing a coiling procedure.

title: Short term outcomes following clipping and coiling of XXXX : does some of the benefit of coiling stem from less procedural impact on deranged physiology at presentation?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured cerebral aneurysms']

answer: @entity1756 :: (MESH:D017542,Disease) :: ['ruptured intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity121 ( @entity121 ) is increased in subjects with @entity5710 or newly diagnosed @entity6 . However, no previous studies have evaluated the relationship between the severity of @entity2998 , assessed by the presence of carotid plaques or @entity850 , and the glycemic status, assessed either by fasting @entity413 , an oral @entity413 tolerance test (OGTT) or @entity3916 levels. METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis of 1475 subjects (mean age 62 years, 44% males), randomly selected from the population. A fasting blood sample was obtained to determine @entity413 , lipids, and @entity3916 levels. An OGTT was performed in non- @entity6 subjects. Carotid @entity731 was evaluated by echo-doppler. RESULTS: A 10.5% of the population had a previous diagnosis of @entity6 . Of the 1320 non- @entity6 @entity1 , 349 (26.4%) had normal fasting @entity413 , normal @entity413 tolerance and @entity3916  <  5.7%, and were considered controls. @entity5710 was diagnosed in 850 subjects (64.4%), and @entity6 was newly diagnosed in 121 (9.2%). The prevalence of @entity1 with carotid plaques was 34.2% in controls, 45.1% in prediabetics, 64.2% in newly diagnosed @entity6 , and 72.9% in established @entity6 @entity1 . These numbers were 0.3%, 1.1%, 5.0% and 7.7% for @entity543 , respectively. In multivariate analysis, glycemic status remained significantly associated with the prevalence of carotid plaques after adjusting for age, sex, statin treatment, and cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Glycemic status is associated with all grades of @entity2998 , from early signs, as demonstrated by the @entity121 , to intermediate degrees, as demonstrated by the presence of carotid plaques, to advance @entity731 , as established by the presence of @entity543 .

title: Carotid XXXX severity in relation to glycemic status: A cross-sectional population study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5710 :: ('MESH:D011236', 'Disease') :: ['prediabetes', 'Prediabetes']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'Intima-media thickness']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerosis']


abstract: This report concerns an autopsy case of rapidly progressive @entity2026 and @entity4681 . The @entity1 was a Japanese @entity1 who was 75 years old at the time of @entity204 . The family history did not reveal hereditary burden. She developed language disturbances and difficulty in swallowing at age 74. Neurological examination 1 month after the disease onset revealed @entity5785 without @entity303 and bulbar sign, followed by @entity425 of the four extremities. Neuroradiological examination revealed progressive @entity194 of the anterior part of the left temporal lobe. She died of respiratory difficulty 10 months after the disease onset. Macroscopically, neuropathological examination showed circumscribed @entity194 of the left perisylvian region and, histologically, @entity528 in the cerebral cortex, including the primary motor area, substantia nigra, brain stem motor nuclei, and anterior horns of the spinal cord, in addition to obvious degeneration of the pyramidal tracts and presence of Bunina bodies. Ubiquitin-immunoreactive neuronal inclusions were present in the hippocampal dentate granular cells and frontotemporal cortical layer II neurons. Based on these clinicopathological findings and a review of the literature, we concluded that our case is the first reported case of @entity746 with @entity303 that clinically showed rapidly progressive @entity2026 .

title: Rapidly progressive @entity2026 and @entity4681 : a clinical, radiological, and pathological study of an autopsy case with circumscribed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity5785 :: ('MESH:D001039', 'Disease') :: ['motor aphasia']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity4681 :: ('MESH:D016472', 'Disease') :: ['motor neuron disease']

entities_list: @entity746 :: ('MESH:D000690', 'Disease') :: ['amyotrophic lateral sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal loss']

answer: @entity194 :: (MESH:D001284,Disease) :: ['lobar atrophy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Lesions of the heart valves are the commonest acquired @entity299 seen in pediatric age group. In India, the underlying cause for most @entity340 is chronic @entity6331 ( @entity6331 ). The aim of evaluation of @entity1 with @entity340 is not only to make a diagnosis, but also to decide the management plan. The pediatrician or physician is usually the first health care provider to whom such @entity1 (or their parents) report. It is therefore imperative that the general physician and pediatricians are well versed with @entity340 . @entity340 produce characteristic murmurs and a bedside diagnosis is possible in majority. However, further investigations such as X ray of the chest and an ECG are useful tools to refine the diagnosis. Echocardiography is now widely available to most of the @entity1 in India and is very useful for assessing the severity of @entity340 and to identify the underlying etiology. Serial echocardiography is instrumental in deciding the timing of intervention. Mitral valve is most commonly affected followed by aortic; in some @entity1 both valves may be affected. The valve may not close properly, resulting in regurgitation of blood flow in reverse direction or does not open fully ( @entity850 ). In @entity339 ( @entity339 ), the blood flows in the reverse direction. @entity339 can occur secondary to several causes, but in India, the commonest cause is @entity6331 . @entity1 may remain asymptpmatic for a long period of time. Symptoms include @entity1295 , palpitations and later exertional breathlessness. @entity339 typically produces a pansystolic murmur at apex, which may radiate to @entity1002 . Surgical intervention is reserved for all symptomatic @entity1 with severe @entity339 . Valve repair is preferred over prosthetic valve replacement. @entity4794 ( @entity4794 ) is almost always due to @entity6331 . Severe @entity4794 results in @entity120 , @entity67 and @entity997 . @entity1 are often symptomatic with @entity1353 . Hemoptysis may occur. A typical rumbling mid diastolic murmur is the hallmark of @entity4794 . Balloon mitral valvotomy, performed in the catheterization lab, is recommended for severe @entity4794 .

title: Evaluation of Acquired XXXX by the Pediatrician: When to Follow, When to Refer for Intervention? Part I.

entities_list: @entity6331 :: ('MESH:D012214', 'Disease') :: ['RHD', 'rheumatic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'Patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['MR', 'mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['right ventricular failure']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity997 :: ('MESH:D014262', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity4794 :: ('MESH:D008946', 'Disease') :: ['Mitral stenosis', 'MS']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valve lesion', 'valvular heart disease', 'Valvular abnormalities', 'valvular diseases', 'valvular heart diseases']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left axilla']

answer: @entity340 :: (MESH:D006349,Disease) :: ['Valvular Heart Disease']


abstract: @entity545 is a @entity81 of the tunica albuginea, characterized by development of a plaque consisting primarily of collagen. It has been suggested that @entity130 to the erect penis is the inciting event. More recent research has focused on the cellular events leading to the dysregulated wound healing and plaque formation. Previous work has shown chromosomal aneusomies and this combined with an increased S-phase in plaque derived cell cultures suggests a perturbation in the cell cycle in this condition. The @entity876 protein has been shown to be an important cell cycle regulator and pro-apoptotic factor. Aberrant @entity876 function leading to cell immortalization and proliferation has been implicated in several @entity1 @entity5 . We hypothesized that abnormal @entity876 function may explain the high proliferative ability of fibroblasts derived from @entity545 . This study was undertaken to study the presence and function of @entity876 and its downstream elements ( @entity3544 , @entity7465 ) in @entity545 cell cultures. Plaque-derived fibroblasts have been established in culture and characterized. These cells and control neonatal foreskin fibroblasts were subjected to 5 Gy of gamma radiation to induce DNA damage. After fixation, antibodies to @entity876 and its transcriptional elements were used to stain irradiated and non-irradiated cells and levels of @entity876 , @entity3544 and @entity7465 were quantified using combined immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Non-irradiated plaque fibroblasts demonstrated the presence of @entity876 , @entity3544 and @entity7465 at baseline. In control foreskin fibroblasts no @entity876 or @entity7465 were detectable at baseline. In irradiated foreskin-derived cells significant changes in all elements were demonstrated indicating a fully functional @entity876 pathway and cell cycle checkpoint system in these cells. In contrast, plaque-derived cells showed no such alterations in levels of cell cycle regulators following irradiation. This is highly suggestive of an aberration of the @entity876 pathway in plaque-derived fibroblasts. Peyronie's plaque-derived fibroblasts demonstrated stabilization and defunctionalization of @entity876 protein combined with appropriate responses of its transcriptional elements. These findings may explain the high cell proliferation rates in these cells and suggests a role for perturbation of the @entity876 pathway in the pathogenesis of @entity545 .

title: Perturbation of cell cycle regulators in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity545 :: ('MESH:D010411', 'Disease') :: ["Peyronie's plaques", "Peyronie's disease"]

entities_list: @entity81 :: ('MESH:D005350', 'Disease') :: ['fibromatosis']

answer: @entity545 :: (MESH:D010411,Disease) :: ['Peyronie's disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity977 comprise a quarter of the @entity1313 and the @entity652 represent the highest percentage of them. They are benign, but they can be invasive and they have an impact in morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical features of @entity977 , and create a computerized registry to improve strategies for diagnosis and monitoring of these @entity1 . METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive analysis of 102 medical records of a total of 191 @entity1 who attended the endocrinology service from 2003 to 2014 .The variables were analyzed by the corresponding descriptive statistics. The SPSS 11.5 was used. RESULTS: 63% were @entity1 , and (74.4%) had age from 25-60 years. 54% were nonfunctioning @entity652 , 28% to @entity2013 , 11.8% and 6.2% @entity10759 corticotropinomas. In all types the female group was predominant, except nonfunctioning. Of the nonfunctioning @entity652 79% were macroadenomas, @entity2013 52% were microadenomas and surgery was performed in 37% of them. The @entity10759 , 80% were macroadenomas, 80% of @entity1 and 40% radiotherapy was operated. In corticotropinomas, both micro and macroadenomas were submitted by the same percentage (50%) and all of them underwent surgery. CONCLUSION: The findings are consistent with the literature in terms of frequency and age of onset of @entity652 . We suggest the development of a registry to optimize the monitoring and treatment of @entity1 , research and scientific publication.

title: [ XXXX : 10 years of experience].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2013 :: ('MESH:D015175', 'Disease') :: ['prolactinomas']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['Pituitary tumors', 'pituitary adenomas tumors']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity10759 :: ('MESH:D049912', 'Disease') :: ['somatotropinomas']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['Pituitary tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The nutritional value of rapeseed meal may be variable due to the variation of its chemical composition. And a precise understanding of the nutritional value of an ingredient is beneficial for the accurate diet formulation and reduction of feed costs. This study was conducted to determine the chemical composition, digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) content, and @entity4628 ( @entity4628 ) and @entity4628 ( @entity4628 ) of @entity1522 (AA) for growing @entity1707 . Thirteen solvent-extracted double-low rapeseed meal (DLRSM) samples were obtained from the main double-low rapeseed producing areas in China. METHODS: The DE and ME contents of the 13 DLRSM samples were measured in growing @entity1707 (six @entity1707 per DLRSM sample, average initial body weight (BW)   =   48.3  kg). The @entity4628 and @entity4628 of AA of 10 DLRSM samples were determined in 12 crossbred barrows (average initial BW   =   35.3  kg) by using two 6   *   6 Latin square designs. Each Latin square comprised one N-free diet and 5 DLRSM test diets. RESULTS: The chemical composition of DLRSM varied among samples, and the coefficient of variation was greater than 10  % for ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), @entity460 ( @entity9495 ), and total @entity24150 . The AA content of DLRSM varied among samples especially for @entity376 ( @entity9108 ) and @entity1853 ( @entity4508 ). On a @entity62 ( @entity62 ) basis, the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE), the DE and ME and the ME:DE ratio of DLRSM averaged 62.39  %, 2862  kcal/kg and 2723  kcal/kg, and 94.95  %, respectively. The mean value of @entity4628 of @entity9108 was 70.52  % which varied from 66.54-76.54  %. The @entity4628 of crude protein (CP), @entity4508 , and @entity1889 ( @entity27653 ) averaged 72.81  %, 82.41  %, and 69.76  %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: There was great variability in chemical composition especially in the concentration of EE, NDF and ADF, but no significant differences in energy content of the DLRSM samples were observed. In addition, the @entity4628 and @entity4628 of all AA were relatively similar among DLRSM samples except for that of @entity9108 .

title: Chemical composition, energy and amino acid digestibility in double-low rapeseed meal fed to growing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity4628 :: ('MESH:D007077', 'Disease') :: ['AID', 'SID', 'standardized ileal digestibility', 'apparent ileal digestibility']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity24150 :: ('MESH:D005961', 'Chemical') :: ['glucosinolates']

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'dry matter']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: PURPOSE: Although @entity5 resection is the mainstay of treatment for @entity521 , there are no established guidelines indicating which @entity1 should be operated on immediately and which should undergo surgery after @entity5 reduction with chemotherapy. In an effort to develop such guidelines, the LNESG1 study defined @entity4059 ( @entity4059 ) based on the imaging characteristics. @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 905 @entity1 with suspected @entity521 were registered by 10 European countries between January 1995 and October 1999; 811 of 905 @entity1 were eligible for this analysis. RESULTS: Information on @entity4059 was obtained for 719 of 811 @entity1 ; 367 without and 352 with @entity4059 . Of these 719 @entity1 , 201 @entity1 (four without and 197 with @entity4059 ) underwent biopsy only. An attempt at @entity5 excision was made in 518 @entity1 : 363 of 367 @entity1 without and 155 of 352 @entity1 with @entity4059 (98.9% v 44.0%). Complete excision was achieved in 271 of 363 @entity1 without and in 72 of 155 @entity1 with @entity2855 (74.6% v 46.4%), near-complete excision was achieved in 81 and 61 @entity1 (22.3% v 39.3%), and incomplete excision was achieved in 11 and 22 @entity1 (3.0% v 14.2%), respectively. There were two surgery-related @entity204 . Nonfatal surgery-related complications occurred in 45 of 518 @entity1 (8.7%) and were less frequent in @entity1 without @entity4059 (5.0% v 17.4%). Associated surgical procedures were also less frequent in @entity1 without @entity4059 (1.6% v 9.7%). CONCLUSION: The adoption of @entity4059 as predictors of adverse surgical outcome was validated because their presence was associated with lower complete resection rate and greater risk of surgery-related complications. Additional studies aiming to better define the surgical approach to @entity521 are warranted.

title: Surgical risk factors in primary surgery for @entity521 : the LNESG1 study of the European International Society of XXXX Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4059 :: ('MESH:D007020', 'Disease') :: ['SRFs', 'surgical risk factors']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['localized neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity521 :: (MESH:D009447,Disease) :: ['Pediatric Oncology Neuroblastoma']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity2462 is a mild self-limiting disease all over the world; nevertheless, it is of significant public health importance due to its teratogenic effect of @entity13526 . @entity2462 vaccine is currently not included in the national immunization program in India. @entity2462 -specific IgG in the unvaccinated population is a marker of previous @entity281 . @entity2462 IgG estimation in @entity1 will provide data for initiation and necessary modification to the immunization strategy. AIMS: In this background, this study was conducted with an aim to know the age-specific susceptibility of acquiring @entity281 and future risk of @entity13526 ( @entity13526 ) among @entity1 . SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a community-based, observational study. @entity1 AND METHODS: The study was conducted at a randomly selected rural area Mavoor Panchayath of Kozhikode District, Kerala, among adolescent @entity1 . The estimation of @entity2462 -specific IgG antibody was done by quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. IgG titer value of >15 IU was taken positive, 8-15 IU as equivocal, and <8 IU as negative. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical program for Social science version 16 for Windows. Chi-square test was applied to find out significant difference and @entity16043 's exact test wherever applicable. RESULTS: The data and blood sample collection was done from 250 @entity1 . The mean IgG titer was 151.93    128.78 IU, and as per the criteria, 68.3% were positive, 28.5% were negative, and 3.2% were equivocal. At this age, majority (68.3%) of the @entity1 get protection by natural @entity281 without any vaccine. Some @entity1 (32%) may remain susceptible to @entity281 during adulthood and pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: @entity281 was widely prevalent among @entity1 population and at this age. An immunization policy recommending @entity2462 -containing vaccine is highly desirable to prevent @entity2462 and @entity13526 .

title: Prevalence of XXXX -specific IgG antibodies in unimmunized young female population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girls', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'child']

entities_list: @entity13526 :: ('MESH:D012410', 'Disease') :: ['congenital rubella syndrome', 'CRS']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['rubella infections', 'infection', 'Natural rubella infection', 'rubella infection']

entities_list: @entity2462 :: ('MESH:D012409', 'Disease') :: ['Rubella', 'rubella']

answer: @entity2462 :: (MESH:D012409,Disease) :: ['rubella']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1499 ( @entity6822 ) is the first choice in the treatment of @entity309 ( @entity309 ), but the doses and regimens vary significantly. For this purpose, we conducted an observational study on the use of @entity6822 for @entity309 in Italy (MARI study). METHODS: The MARI study included 1,327 @entity309 @entity1 on @entity6822 treatment for at least 12 months, at 60 Italian rheumatology units. Concomitant medications with corticosteroids, other DMARDs or biological therapies were recorded. The clinical assessment included the Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) and the serological positivity for the rheumatoid factor or for the anti-citrullinated protein antibodies. RESULTS: The included @entity1 were treated with either oral (n=288) or parenteral (n=1039) @entity6822 . Only 15.5% of the total number of the @entity1 was on adequate @entity6822 dose (i.e. >= 15 mg for the oral route of administration and >12 mg for the parenteral one). The initially established @entity6822 dose was modified in 37.1% of the @entity1 , for intolerance or clinical criteria. A DAS28 remission (DAS28 <2.6) was observed only in 58.5% of the cases, while 52.9% of the @entity1 still presenting an active form of the disease were on suboptimal doses of @entity6822 . CONCLUSIONS: The weekly dose of @entity6822 prescribed for the treatment of @entity309 is often suboptimal, even in conditions of inadequate control of the disease activity. The recommendations for the use of @entity6822 in @entity309 @entity1 should take into account the efficacy and tolerability data derived from its use in real clinical practice.

title: Suboptimal @entity1499 use in @entity309 XXXX in Italy: the MARI study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['Methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 2008 Background: Expression of key enzymes in chemotherapy drug pathways correlates with @entity14 response following treatment. No prior research has simultaneously described the patterns of expression in @entity14 for @entity1487 , @entity2600 and @entity901 pathways. Characterizing relative expression levels of these enzymes is a first step towards definitively predicting @entity5 responsiveness to chemotherapy. METHODS: Twelve genes known to influence @entity5 response to chemotherapy were selected from the pharmacogenetic pathways of @entity1487 , @entity2600 and @entity902 agents. Genes included intracellular targets, DNA repair enzymes, drug transporters and metabolizers. Gene expression was examined in primary @entity14 and adjacent normal mucosa in 51 @entity1 with stage III or IV disease using TaqMan RT-PCR. Relative expression levels were calculated with b-actin as control using a method to account for differing polymerase amplification efficiencies. RESULTS: @entity16981 , @entity11833 _ 2, @entity4191 , TOP1, and @entity6912 were significantly over-expressed in @entity5 cells relative to normal mucosa, while @entity2602 , @entity24265 and @entity10430 were under-expressed (p < 0.05, Wilcoxon matched pairs test). Expression of @entity1262 , @entity1015 and @entity5322 did not differ significantly between @entity5 and normal tissues. Expression of enzymes regulating @entity902 -agent metabolism and DNA repair were co-regulated. Using differential expression relative to normal mucosa as a marker for @entity5 resistance, predicted @entity5 response rates were calculated. 19.6% of @entity5 were predicted responsive to single-agent @entity2600 , 7.8% to @entity1487 , and 15.7% to @entity901 . Two-thirds were predicted resistant to all three drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences in gene expression were found between @entity14 and normal mucosa. Distinct sensitivity subgroups existed among the 51 @entity1 with pathologically homogenous disease. These preliminary observations allow further research to correlate multivariate gene expression with clinical outcomes in order to develop a model for predicting response to chemotherapy, eventually resulting in @entity1 -specific treatment. [Table: see text].

title: Modeling the response of XXXX ( @entity14 ) to common chemotherapy using multivariate gene expression.

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity65 ( @entity65 ) caused by @entity731 remains a worldwide burden. @entity3957 is a promising new therapeutic avenue for the treatment of @entity65 , however reports show exogenous @entity3958 has both vasodilator and vasoconstrictor effects depending on organ examined, and in vitro studies in animal models which are not resistant to developing @entity731 are limited. We sought to determine if @entity95 arteries constricted or dilated to @entity3957 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The aorta, carotid, renal and iliac arteries were harvested from New Zealand White @entity95 (n=4) and subjected to a concentration response curve to the fast @entity3958 releaser @entity8835 . In addition, a bolus dose of @entity8835 was used to determine if further dilation was achievable after maximum dilation to @entity934 similar to @entity842 donors. Further, @entity8835 was used to determine if @entity3958 could impair @entity1255 induced @entity409 . RESULTS: Blood vessels relaxed poorly to @entity8835 and contracted at higher doses. A bolus dose of @entity8835 relaxed then contracted the aorta, however a bolus dose of @entity8835 after maximal relaxation to @entity934 caused marked contraction. @entity8835 did not prevent @entity1255 induced @entity455 . CONCLUSION: @entity8835 at low doses caused minor relaxation of @entity95 blood vessels, indicating a possible therapeutic benefit for low dose @entity3958 in the cellular milieu.

title: @entity3958 causes contraction and relaxation of major arteries of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity3957 :: ('MESH:D006862', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen sulfide', 'Hydrogen sulfide']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular disease', 'CVD']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: Acute @entity5442 with severe subcutaneous @entity4 is extremely rare and has been reported in only a handful of cases. We describe two similar @entity1 presenting with this disorder and generalized @entity1910 . Unlike the five previously reported cases, the clinical and histologic features of our two @entity1 are more suggestive of @entity6017 than @entity6558 . Nevertheless, scrutinizing all seven reported @entity1 , a number of specific characteristics could be defined. All @entity1 were adult males. @entity1282 was present in four. In six @entity1 , acute @entity5442 was @entity5 was present in one. Two @entity1 died despite intensive therapy, three improved on corticosteroid treatment, and two recovered spontaneously. In all @entity1 , limb involvement with marked subcutaneous @entity4 was present, clinically mimicking @entity1150 in both our @entity1 . The presence of severe subcutaneous @entity4 may be a hallmark of a distinctive variant of acute @entity5442 . More cases are needed to discern subtypes of this general entity and to establish guidelines for treatment and prognosis.

title: Acute @entity5442 with severe subcutaneous XXXX , a new variant? Report of two cases and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6017 :: ('MESH:D003882', 'Disease') :: ['dermatomyositis']

entities_list: @entity5442 :: ('MESH:D009220', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory myopathy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic while malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['Dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity6558 :: ('MESH:D017285', 'Disease') :: ['polymyositis']

answer: @entity4 :: (MESH:D004487,Disease) :: ['edema']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We previously showed that mitochondrial respiratory function is abnormal in @entity235 with chronic @entity712 ( @entity712 ). Mitochondrial permeability transition pores ( @entity5212 ) can affect mitochondrial inner membrane potential (DeltaPsim) and mitochondrial function in normal cardiomyocytes. The potential impact of @entity5212 on DeltaPsim and mitochondrial respiratory function in @entity712 has not yet been determined. We tested the hypothesis that @entity205 , a potent blocker of the @entity5212 , can improve mitochondrial function in @entity712 . METHODS: Cardiomyocytes were isolated from the left ventricular myocardium of 7 @entity235 with @entity712 produced by intracoronary microembolizations and from 7 normal @entity235 . Cardiomyocytes were treated for 24 hours with @entity205 . DeltaPsim, cytochrome c oxidase protein expression, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase-dependent respiration (CDOR) and @entity855 synthesis were measured. RESULTS: DeltaPsim, protein expression of cytochrome c oxidase, CDOR and the rate of @entity855 synthesis were decreased in @entity712 compared to normal controls. Inhibition of @entity5212 in failing cardiomyocytes with low dose of @entity205 (0.2 microM) increased DeltaPsim, preserved expression of cytochrome c oxidase, improved CDOR and the rate of @entity855 synthesis. CONCLUSION: @entity5212 opening contributes to the loss of mitochondrial function observed in the failing heart. Inhibition of @entity5212 opening represents a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of @entity712 .

title: Inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pores by @entity205 improves cytochrome C oxidase function and increases rate of XXXX synthesis in failing cardiomyocytes.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine A']

answer: @entity855 :: (MESH:D000255,Chemical) :: ['ATP']


abstract: Impairment of @entity842 (NO) production, @entity8452 receptor (RyR) @entity460 channel function and adrenoceptor activation have been found to prevent the formation of the long-term memory stage in young chicks trained on a single-trial discrimination avoidance task. The current study investigated whether these three activities were linked, and if so, the sequence of activation. Young chicks were trained using either a strongly or weakly reinforced variant of the single-trial discrimination avoidance task, yielding either a persistent or labile memory trace, respectively. Following strongly reinforced training, @entity6112 induced by a RyR inhibitor was prevented by a NO donor or @entity1063 (NA). A RyR agonist also prevented @entity6112 induced by either NO synthase or b1+2-adrenoceptor inhibition. These findings were interpreted to reflect the capacity of NO, RyR-dependent @entity460 release and NA to modulate memory by preventing @entity6112 . A second set of studies used weakly reinforced training. Although the administration of a RyR agonist promoted long-term memory formation, this facilitation was compromised in the presence of a b1+2-adrenoceptor antagonist, but not a NO synthase inhibitor. Similarly, the inhibition of RyRs interfered with the facilitation of retention induced by a NO donor, but not NA. These differential findings with weakly reinforced training suggest that NO facilitates memory formation through mechanisms involving RyR-dependent @entity460 release. The findings also indicate that RyRs may promote memory formation through noradrenergic activation of b2-adrenoceptors. This study demonstrates an intricate role for RyRs underlying memory formation.

title: Pharmacobehavioural evidence for XXXX and @entity1063 interactions with @entity8452 receptors during memory formation in the young chick.

entities_list: @entity6112 :: ('MESH:D016055', 'Disease') :: ['retention loss']

entities_list: @entity8452 :: ('MESH:D012433', 'Chemical') :: ['ryanodine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of the @entity3503 beam coagulator (ABC) in achieving optimal (< or =1 cm) disease status and facilitating the conversion of optimal but visible disease (0.1-1.0 cm) to microscopic @entity66 (complete cytoreduction) among @entity1 with advanced @entity43 . METHODS: All @entity1 undergoing their primary attempt at surgical cytoreduction for Stage IIIB-IV @entity43 between October 1, 1997 and June 30, 2000 were identified from the @entity5 registry database. Data were abstracted retrospectively and included: the size/location of precytoreduction disease, surgical procedures performed, the anatomic regions in which the ABC was used for cytoreduction, the size/location of @entity41 , and the date of last follow-up and disease status. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and statistical comparisons were performed using the chi(2) test, Fisher's exact test, log rank test, and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Forty-five @entity1 were identified (FIGO Stage IIIB = 8, Stage IIIC = 29, Stage IV = 8). Overall, optimal cytoreduction was achieved in 84.4% of @entity1 ; 60.0% had only microscopic residual and 24.4% had @entity66 0.1-1.0 cm. The ABC was used to facilitate cytoreduction in 31 @entity1 . Optimal disease status was achieved in 93.6% of cases in which the ABC was used compared with 64.3% for non-ABC cases (P < 0.023). ABC use was also associated with a higher rate of complete cytoreduction (74.2%) compared with non-ABC cases (28.6%, P < 0.004). Among @entity1 left with @entity66 (< or =1 cm), conversion to only microscopic residual was achieved in 79.3% of cases using the ABC and 44.4% of cases without ABC use (P < 0.044). The ABC was associated with a statistically significantly higher rate of complete cytoreduction for disease located in the lesser sac/gastrocolic ligament (90.9% vs 14.3%), abdominal peritoneum (95.5% vs 50.0%), bowel mesentery (80.0% vs 0), and pelvis (89.3% vs 50.0%). Multivariate analysis revealed that use of the ABC (P = 0.006) and disease in three or fewer anatomic regions (P = 0.014) were independent predictors of a microscopic residual surgical outcome. Complete cytoreduction was associated with a significant advantage in median progression-free survival (22.2 months) compared with @entity1 with optimal but visible (0.1-1.0 cm) @entity66 (12.3 months) and those with suboptimal (>1.0 cm) @entity66 (6.3 months, P < 0.001). Among ABC cases, the mean estimated @entity190 was 527 ml, and major @entity260 occurred in 9.7% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The ABC is a useful adjunct to conventional @entity5 reductive techniques and appears to significantly increase the feasibility of achieving both @entity66 status and complete cytoreduction of all visible @entity5 in @entity1 with macroscopic metastatic @entity43 .

title: Complete surgical cytoreduction of advanced XXXX using the @entity3503 beam coagulator.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma', 'epithelial ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease', 'optimal disease']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The main purpose of this study was to determine whether any clinical or demographic characteristics could identify adult female @entity1 presenting to the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) with a history of @entity734 . A second objective was to describe the frequency, types, and severity of this abuse. METHODS: This study was a crosssectional survey of 611 @entity1 conducted in an academically-affiliated, urban @entity341 . @entity734 was described as "recent" (within the preceding 12 months) or "lifetime" (recent or past). This included emotional, physical, and @entity458 . RESULTS: Recent (7.9%, n = 48) and lifetime (38%, n = 232) @entity734 was reported. For recently abused @entity1 , violence had been severe (87.5%, n = 42) and was associated with 1) @entity130 (OR 5.4, 95% CI = 2.6 to 11.6), 2) obstetrical and gynecological syndromes (OR 5.6, 95% CI = 2.4 to 13.2), and 3) @entity146 symptoms and substance use (OR 7.3, 95% CI = 2.4 to 22.0). The sensitivities and positive predictive values of these risk factors individually (<27.1% and <25.0%, respectively) and in aggregate (56.3% and 20.9%, respectively) were low. These indicators predicted only 27 (56.3%) of recently abused @entity1 . Lifetime domestic violence was more likely in homeless @entity1 (OR 5.8, 95% CI = 2.2 to 15.0), although less likely in immigrants (OR 0.4, 95% CI = 0.3 to 0.7). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical presentations and demographic characteristics of @entity1 presenting to the @entity341 may not be sensitive or predictive indicators of @entity734 . In the absence of typical clinical or demographic findings, asking all @entity1 in the @entity341 about @entity734 remains a necessary priority.

title: XXXX in the @entity341 : can a risk profile be defined?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual abuse']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['domestic abuse', 'Domestic abuse']

answer: @entity734 :: (MESH:D019966,Disease) :: ['Domestic abuse']


abstract: Urine drug testing (UDT) is an emerging standard of care in the evaluation and treatment of chronic non- @entity5 @entity158 @entity1 with opioid analgesics. UDT may be used both to verify adherence with the opioid analgesic regimen and to monitor abstinence from non-prescribed or illicit controlled substances. In the former scenario, it is vital to determine whether the drug is present in the urine, even at low concentrations, because failure to detect the drug may lead to accusations of @entity4784 or diversion. Opiate immunoassays typically are developed to detect @entity1286 and are most sensitive to @entity1286 and @entity10425 . Although many opiate immunoassays also detect @entity1287 (HC) and/or @entity10748 (HM), sensitivities for these analytes are often much lower, increasing the possibility of negative screening results when the drug is present in the urine. We selected 112 urine specimens from @entity1 who had been prescribed HC or @entity10748 but were presumptive negative by the Roche Online DAT Opiate II    urine drug screening assay, which is calibrated to 300 ng/mL @entity1286 . Using a GC/MS confirmatory method with a detection limit of 50 ng/mL both for HC and for HM, one or both of these opiates were detected in 81 (72.3%) of the urine specimens. Examination of the raw data from these presumptive negative opiate screens revealed that, in many cases, the turbidity signal was greater than the signal obtained for the negative control, but less than the signal for the 300 ng/mL ( @entity1286 ) threshold calibrator. A receiver operating characteristic curve generated for the reciprocal of the ratio of turbidity measurements in the @entity1 specimens and negative (drug-free) controls, against the presence or absence of HC and/or HM by confirmatory analyses, produced an area under the curve of 0.910. We conclude that this opiate immunoassay has sufficient sensitivity to detect HC and/or HM in some urine specimens that screen presumptive negative for these commonly prescribed opiates at the established threshold.

title: Sensitivity of an Opiate Immunoassay for Detecting XXXX and @entity10748 in Urine from a Clinical Population: Analysis of Subthreshold Results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['opioid abuse']

entities_list: @entity1287 :: ('MESH:D006853', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocodone']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity10748 :: ('MESH:D004091', 'Chemical') :: ['hydromorphone']

answer: @entity1287 :: (MESH:D006853,Chemical) :: ['Hydrocodone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity69610 is an intermediate in the manufacture of @entity24740 dyes. In a National Toxicology Program stop-exposure study, @entity69610 induced @entity1373 , @entity1185 , and @entity1377 in the urinary bladder of Fischer 344/ @entity35 . @entity69610 was investigated since occupational or environmental exposure to @entity9308 and @entity24740 dyes is a risk factor for @entity150 in @entity1 . The current study describes the morphology of @entity150 seen in @entity35 with respect to those observed in @entity1 . This study also evaluated immunohistochemical expression of the cell cycle-related proteins @entity12003 and @entity10740 and the differentiation markers @entity61118 and uroplakin III in @entity5072 (n = 11) and neoplastic (n = 6 @entity1185 , n = 11 @entity189 ) lesions of the urinary bladder epithelium from @entity35 treated with @entity69610 and in normal (n = 6) urinary bladders from untreated @entity35 . The @entity5 observed were more similar to the papillary type rather than the muscle-invasive type of @entity150 in @entity1 . The preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions observed suggest progression from @entity1373 to @entity1185 to @entity1377 . With @entity5 ( @entity1373 to @entity189 ), @entity12003 immunoreactivity progressively increased in intensity, percentage of cells staining, and distribution. Overexpression of @entity10740 was not found. @entity61118 staining decreased in superficial cells, while uroplakin III staining increased in intermediate and basal cells with progression from @entity1373 to @entity189 . The results are consistent with increased cell cycle dysregulation or proliferation ( @entity12003 ), decreased differentiation ( @entity61118 ), and abnormal differentiation (uroplakin III) as lesions progress toward @entity5 .

title: Immunohistochemical Expression of XXXX , @entity61118 , and Uroplakin III in Proliferative Urinary Bladder Lesions Induced by @entity69610 in Fischer 344/ @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary carcinomas', 'papillary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'neoplastic progression', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity1185 :: ('MESH:D010212', 'Disease') :: ['papillomas', 'papilloma']

entities_list: @entity5072 :: ('MESH:D000796', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplastic']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'carcinoma', 'papilloma to carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['urinary bladder cancer', 'urinary bladder neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity69610 :: ('MESH:C005328', 'Chemical') :: ['o-Nitroanisole', 'o-nitroanisole']

answer: @entity12003 :: (58919(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['Cyclin D1']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare urinary, bowel, and sexual health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) changes due to @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) brachytherapy, low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy, or intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) monotherapy for @entity263 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between January 2002 and September 2013, 413 low-risk or favorable intermediate-risk @entity263 @entity1 were treated with @entity1168 brachytherapy monotherapy to 2700-2800  cGy in two fractions (n  = 85), @entity1496 -125 LDR brachytherapy monotherapy to 14,500  cGy in one fraction (n  = 249), or IMRT monotherapy to 7400-8100  cGy in 37-45 fractions (n  = 79) without pelvic lymph node irradiation. No @entity342 deprivation therapy was given. @entity1 used an international prostate symptoms score questionnaire, an expanded @entity263 index composite-26 bowel questionnaire, and a sexual health inventory for @entity1 questionnaire to assess their urinary, bowel, and sexual HRQOL, respectively, pretreatment and at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18  months posttreatment. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 32  months. @entity1168 brachytherapy and IMRT @entity1 had significantly less deterioration in their urinary HRQOL than LDR brachytherapy @entity1 at 1 and 3  months after irradiation. The only significant decrease in bowel HRQOL between the groups was seen 18  months after treatment, at which point IMRT @entity1 had a slight, but significant, @entity1744 compared with @entity1168 and LDR brachytherapy @entity1 . @entity1168 brachytherapy @entity1 had worse sexual HRQOL than both LDR brachytherapy and IMRT @entity1 after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: IMRT and @entity1168 brachytherapy cause less severe acute worsening of urinary HRQOL than LDR brachytherapy. However, IMRT causes a slight, but significant, @entity1744 compared with @entity1168 and LDR brachytherapy.

title: Health-related quality-of-life changes due to @entity1168 brachytherapy, low-dose-rate brachytherapy, or intensity-modulated radiation therapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['worsening of  bowel HRQOL', 'deterioration in their bowel HRQOL']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['HDR', 'high-dose-rate']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has recently been shown that t (12;21) (p13;q 22) is the most common molecular @entity74 in childhood @entity981 ( @entity981 ). We have analyzed this translocation in an attempt to evaluate its incidence and to monitor @entity41 ( @entity41 ) with t (12; 21) rearrangement by detection of @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcript in @entity1 with @entity981 . PROCEDURE: All cryopreserved bone marrow samples were analyzed using a nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcripts were searched for in 34 @entity981 @entity1 , including six in relapse consecutively diagnosed at our institution between 1991 and 1997. RESULTS: @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcripts were found in five (19%) of 27 @entity1 with B precursor @entity981 . The @entity1 with @entity1861 , chromosome 11q23 rearrangement and @entity981 @entity1 did not express @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcripts. Moreover, @entity41 in five @entity1 with @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcripts were analyzed in serial samples. Although @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcripts disappeared soon after the beginning of chemotherapy in three of the five @entity1 , one @entity1 continued to express them for up to 21 months without recurrence and remained in continuous complete remission for seven years after the cessation of chemotherapy. The remaining @entity1 was admitted to our hospital after the second relapse but died following a failure to induce complete remission. CONCLUSION: For most @entity1 , the presence of @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcripts suggests excellent chemosensitivity and a favorable prognosis, but some @entity1 with these transcripts have a different outcome. The present study suggests the possibility that a persistence of @entity41 is not necessarily related to a relapse of @entity981 with @entity9604 - @entity5316 fusion. The prognostic significance of @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcript remains controversial. Further studies are needed to evaluate the relation between the @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcript and prognosis.

title: Persistence of @entity9604 - @entity5316 transcript in XXXX in long-term remission.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['childhood ALL', 'T-ALL', 'ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['MRD', 'minimal residual disease']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic abnormality']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']


abstract: The purpose of the study was to assess the efficacy and tolerance of the beta1-selective beta-adrenoceptor-blocking agent @entity2179 in @entity1 with @entity5749 . A total of 236 outpatients (158 male and 78 female) over 21 years of age (mean age of 57 years and 60 years for @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively) were included in an open trial of 4 weeks duration. A total of 32.5% of the @entity1 were smokers. After a washout period of at least 1 week, @entity1 were initially treated with 10 mg of @entity2179 o.d. for 2 weeks, after which the dose could be adjusted to 5, 15, or 20 mg in accordance with clinical criteria (efficacy, tolerance). Eighty-eight percent of the @entity1 were maintained on 10 mg of @entity2179 . The frequency of @entity951 was reduced in 89% of all @entity1 : 56% became free of @entity951 . There were no differences in response as related to age and smoking habits. @entity2179 was well tolerated. Beta-blocker-specific side effects were observed in 12 @entity1 (5.1%). In conclusion, @entity2179 administered once daily appears to be an effective and safe antianginal agent.

title: @entity2179 in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina attacks']

entities_list: @entity5749 :: ('MESH:D060050', 'Disease') :: ['chronic stable angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity2179 :: ('MESH:D017298', 'Chemical') :: ['bisoprolol', 'Bisoprolol']

answer: @entity5749 :: (MESH:D060050,Disease) :: ['chronic stable angina pectoris']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Cardiac @entity3 of @entity189 is a very rare but clinically important complication. Most cardiac metastases are asymptomatic; symptoms from cardiac @entity3 were seen in advanced stage and many of these cases were reported to have a poor prognosis. So it is important to find asymptomatic cardiac @entity3 and to start chemotherapy early in order to improve the @entity1 's prognosis. CASE PRESENTATION: A 73-year-old Asian @entity1 was referred to our hospital because of a right @entity2504 . He had a history of left @entity1698 9 years ago. In screening echocardiography for paroxysmal @entity955 , a low echogenic @entity5 was detected in his right ventricular apex, and characteristic ST segment elevation was detected in electrocardiography. An @entity419 positron emission tomography revealed abnormal uptake in his right ventricular apex @entity5 and prostate, and a biopsy of the @entity263 showed @entity189 cells. He received systemic @entity136 , @entity1311 and @entity900 chemotherapy for the @entity189 , and the @entity4617 size was reduced temporarily. Finally, he died of @entity881 16 months after his first admission, but his survival period was relatively longer than previous reports. CONCLUSIONS: We experienced a case of a metastatic @entity4617 from @entity189 . We found asymptomatic cardiac @entity3 by screening echocardiography and electrocardiography. Our @entity1 received systemic chemotherapy and his survival period was relatively longer than previous reports. Electrocardiography and echocardiography may be useful to find asymptomatic cardiac @entity3 of @entity5 .

title: Metastatic @entity4617 from XXXX detected by transthoracic echocardiography: a case report.

entities_list: @entity2504 :: ('MESH:D002551', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tumor']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic tumor']

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4617 :: ('MESH:D006338', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tumor']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ failure']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1698 :: ('MESH:D014516', 'Disease') :: ['ureteral cancer']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['urothelial carcinoma']


abstract: The resistance to @entity10855 (APC-resistance) based on the presence of @entity5337 (F V Leiden) is the most frequent @entity558 in the white race population. It contributes to the origin of @entity715 especially in the venous part of blood vessels. Significant geographic differences have been detected within Europe. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the frequency in the occurrence of F V Leiden: 1. in healthy (asymptomatic) Slovak population, 2. in their consanguineously unrelated members with @entity715 and 3. in @entity1 with @entity583 (IM) without or with other known risk factors of this disease ( @entity346 , @entity28 , @entity101 , @entity2299 , @entity6 ), respectively. The detection of FV Leiden was made by molecular biology methods. The occurrence in a group of 152 healthy individuals was four % (6 @entity1 ) and this frequency corresponds to the geographic localization of the Slovak Republic in Europe. In a group of 349 @entity1 with @entity715 in anamnesis, FV Leiden was detected in 103 @entity1 (29.5%). The occurrence was higher than the usually reported incidence in these @entity1 (20%). Likewise, in a group of 35 @entity1 with IM without risk factors in anamnesis, the occurrence of FV Leiden (8.6%) was significantly higher in comparison with healthy population and the incidence further increased significantly in a group of 41 @entity1 with IM and the presence of at least one risk factor (14.6%). The authors therefore suppose an active role of the Leiden mutation of FV gene in the pathogenesis of this disease.

title: [ XXXX and the Slovak population].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophilic condition']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipoproteinemia']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity10855 :: ('MESH:D020016', 'Disease') :: ['activated protein C']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['nicotinism']

answer: @entity5337 :: (2153,Gene) :: ['Factor V Leiden']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity440 -induced endometrial changes in postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity0 are well-known. Due to the popularity of postoperative chemotherapy for @entity0 , chemotherapy-induced @entity7793 in @entity1 with @entity0 on @entity440 treatment needs more attention, because these @entity1 have higher risk for @entity1204 than premenopausal @entity1 . SUBJECT: From May 1995 to May 1997, three premenopausal @entity1 aged 46, 43, and 39 with @entity0 were treated in our center. All @entity1 received standard surgery for their @entity0 followed by six courses of adjuvant chemotherapy and 5-year @entity440 treatment. All @entity1 were regularly followed-up at the @entity0 Center and evaluated annually at the gynecological clinics including pelvic examination, @entity975 smear and transvaginal sonography. RESULTS: All @entity1 became menopausal after six courses of chemotherapy ranging from three months to 14 months. The @entity1204 occurred at 36 months, 28 months, and 33 months, respectively, after initial treatment for the @entity0 . Their last gynecologic examinations performed at six months, eight months and five months before the diagnosis of @entity1204 showed nothing remarkable. Only one @entity1 complained of vaginal spotting before diagnosis and the other two @entity1 only complained of increasing purulent vaginal discharge. All @entity1 received standard treatment for @entity1204 and none of them died of their disease but one @entity1 died of recurrent @entity0 52 months later. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity0 on @entity440 treatment need more attention and frequent evaluation of their reproductive organs, especially postmenopausal (either spontaneous or chemotherapy induced) @entity1 , although the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) comments that no more than annual pelvic exams with @entity975 smears are needed in asymptomatic @entity1 .

title: @entity440 -induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer', 'endometrial cancers']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast Cancer', 'breast carcinoma', 'breast cancers', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen', 'Tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity7793 :: ('MESH:D008594', 'Disease') :: ['early menopause']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial cancer']


abstract: Acute @entity788 was observed in 492 @entity1 . Fourteen (2.8%) developed an arterial erosion revealed by a @entity548 either in the digestive lumen, in the peritoneum or via previously placed drainage. The eroded artery was the splenic artery in six @entity1 , a @entity432 in five @entity1 . An initial haemostasis was attempted by: a) embolization in four @entity1 : one died; the three others had @entity548 recurrence. b) splenocorporeal pancreatectomy in four @entity1 , three had @entity548 recurrence. c) arterial ligature in four @entity1 : three had @entity548 recurrence. Secondary haemostatic procedures were performed in ten @entity1 but a durable haemostasis was achieved in only five @entity1 : two had a pancreatic resection and three were treated by a redo-binding. It is noteworthy that durable haemostasis could not be obtained neither by embolization nor by ligature in necrotic tissues. This could explain the difference in the results of arterial erosion treatments in chronic and in acute @entity788 . Therefore, it is suggested that haemostatic procedures should be performed away from necrotic tissues, or eventually done after their removal.

title: @entity432 in acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatico-duodenal artery']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'haemorrhage']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: @entity1897 ( @entity1897 ) is a common side effect of @entity5 treatment. It is the most frequent cause of dose reduction or treatment discontinuation in @entity1 treated for @entity5 with commonly used drugs including @entity6023 and @entity902 -based compounds. No FDA-approved treatments for @entity1897 are available. In rodents, @entity1897 is represented by peripheral mechanical @entity1931 in association with retraction of intraepidermal nerve fibers. The mechanism of chemotherapy-induced @entity2359 is unclear, but it has been established that @entity2383 is an important component of the dysregulation in peripheral sensory neurons. We have shown earlier that inhibition of mitochondrial @entity899 accumulation with the small compound @entity12559 -  ( @entity15795 - ) prevents cerebral @entity528 in a rodent model of @entity75 . We now explore whether @entity15795  is capable of preventing @entity528 and @entity1897 in @entity19 . We demonstrate for the first time that @entity15795  prevents both @entity1311 - and @entity900 -induced mechanical @entity1931 . Electron microscopic analysis of peripheral sensory nerves revealed that @entity15795  secured mitochondrial integrity in @entity1311 -treated @entity19 . In addition, @entity15795  administration protects against chemotherapy-induced loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers in the paw. To determine whether neuroprotective treatment with @entity15795  would interfere with the antitumor effects of chemotherapy, @entity43 cells were cultured in vitro with @entity15795  and @entity1311 . @entity12559 -  does not inhibit @entity5 cell death but even enhances @entity1311 -induced @entity5 cell death. These data are the first to identify @entity15795 -  as a potential therapeutic strategy for prevention of @entity1897 to combat one of the most devastating side effects of chemotherapy.

title: Prevention of chemotherapy-induced XXXX by the small-molecule inhibitor @entity12559 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian tumor']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['allodynia']

entities_list: @entity12559 :: ('MESH:C121565', 'Chemical') :: ['Pifithrin', 'pifithrin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-ischemic brain damage']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy', 'CIPN']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal death', 'neuronal mitochondrial damage']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial dysfunction']

answer: @entity1897 :: (MESH:D010523,Disease) :: ['peripheral neuropathy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Footwear and offloading techniques are commonly used in clinical practice for preventing and healing of foot ulcers in @entity1 with @entity6 . The goal of this systematic review is to assess the medical scientific literature on this topic to better inform clinical practice about effective treatment. We searched the medical scientific literature indexed in PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane database for original research studies published since May 1st 2006 related to four groups of interventions: 1) casting; 2) footwear; 3) surgical offloading; and, 4) other offloading interventions. Primary outcomes were @entity1066 prevention, @entity1066 , and pressure reduction. We reviewed both controlled and non-controlled studies. Controlled studies were assessed for methodological quality, and extracted key data was presented in evidence and risk of bias tables. Uncontrolled studies were assessed and summarized on a narrative basis. Outcomes are presented and discussed in conjunction with data from our previous systematic review covering the literature from before May 1(st) 2006. We included two systematic reviews and meta-analyses, 32 randomized controlled trials, 15 other controlled studies, and another 127 non-controlled studies. Several randomized controlled trials with low risk of bias show the efficacy of therapeutic footwear that demonstrates to @entity551 and is worn by the @entity1 , in the prevention of plantar foot @entity1066 recurrence. Two meta-analyses show non-removable offloading to be more effective than removable offloading for @entity1411 . Due to the limited number of controlled studies, clear evidence on the efficacy of surgical offloading and felted foam is not yet available. Interestingly, surgical offloading seems more effective in preventing than in healing ulcers. A number of controlled and uncontrolled studies show that plantar pressure can be reduced by several conservative and surgical approaches. Sufficient evidence of good quality supports the use of non-removable offloading to @entity1411 and therapeutic footwear with demonstrated pressure relief that is worn by the @entity1 to prevent plantar foot @entity1066 recurrence. The evidence base to support the use of other offloading interventions is still limited and of variable quality. The evidence for the use of interventions to prevent a first foot @entity1066 or heal ischemic, infected, non-plantar, or proximal foot ulcers is practically non-existent. High-quality controlled studies are needed in these areas. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Footwear and offloading interventions to prevent and heal foot ulcers and @entity551 in @entity1 with XXXX : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulcer healing']

entities_list: @entity1411 :: ('MESH:D016523', 'Disease') :: ['healing plantar neuropathic forefoot ulcers', 'heal plantar neuropathic forefoot ulcers']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['relief plantar pressure']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We present the case report of a 19-year-old @entity1 with @entity740 due to chronic @entity631 , in hemodialysis (HD) by central catheter, with the incidental finding of a mass of 28x16 mm in @entity13678 ( @entity13678 ). The diagnosis of @entity715 , @entity884 or @entity3291 were considered. Given the context of immunosuppression and difficult access vascular therapeutic practice has proved complex. Although Doppler echocardiography suggested @entity715 in @entity13678 , nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated for the diagnosis of @entity3291 in @entity13678 . In both conditions, the proposed surgical approach was limited by intense immunosuppression history and the risk of @entity166 . Throughout the treatment, the general state of K.M.F. remained satisfactory and revealed no signs or symptoms related to @entity409 . The absence of fever and negative blood cultures excluded @entity884 . Prior echocardiogram report without masses in the @entity13678 decreased the chance of @entity299 . The therapeutic response to anticoagulation confirmed the diagnosis of @entity715 . After 180 days of anticoagulation, there was significant reduction in mass. The @entity1 developed asymptomatic. The diagnosis of mass in @entity13678 can be a challenge and only the evolution of the case was able to guide the appropriate conduit. While MRI has high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of @entity299 , the interpretation of images can be subjective. Controversial point is the removal of the catheter in such cases, which is subject discussed throughout the report.

title: XXXX in chronic hemodialysis with right atrial mass: @entity715 , fungal endocarditis or atrial myxoma?

entities_list: @entity13678 :: ('MESH:D064752', 'Disease') :: ['RA', 'right atrium']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['atrial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac myxoma']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus', 'thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious complications']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['infective endocarditis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: @entity1259 is an agent with a lower incidence of @entity1370 and myelotoxicity compared with @entity632 ; and it is active in @entity1 with @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ). Our aim was to define the therapeutic efficacy and @entity137 of dose-intensified @entity1259 in combination with @entity786 , @entity1891 , and @entity229 (CEOP) in @entity1 with diffuse large-cell @entity1893 . Previously untreated @entity1 aged between 15 and 75 years, with at least one measurable lesion, adequate liver, renal, cardiac functions, and no central nervous system involvement were included in the study. The planned chemotherapy regimen CEOP consisted of @entity786 750 mg/m2, @entity1259 100 mg/m2, and @entity1891 1.4 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1 and 100 mg @entity229 taken orally on days 1 to 5. Courses were repeated every 21 days. @entity1 with stage I and II received four cycles of chemotherapy followed by involved-field radiotherapy, and @entity1 with stage III and IV received six cycles of chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy to bulky lymph node sites. Seventy-five @entity1 were enrolled in the study. The complete response rate was 83.8%, and 72 @entity1 were assessable for @entity137 . The most common @entity137 was myelosuppression; 13.9% of the @entity1 had grade III-IV @entity1398 . Severe @entity33 , @entity294 , and @entity391 were uncommon (<10%). At a median follow-up period of 41 months, the 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 63.5% and 65.3%, respectively. Increasing the dose intensity of @entity1259 can yield a similar complete response rate compared with the regimens used in @entity1893 without significantly increasing the @entity137 rate associated with chemotherapy. The role of dose-intensive @entity1259 should be investigated further in future randomized trials.

title: Treatment of aggressive @entity1893 with dose-intensified @entity1259 in combination of XXXX , @entity1891 , and @entity229 (CEOP-100): a phase II study.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin', 'Epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

answer: @entity786 :: (MESH:D003520,Chemical) :: ['cyclophosphamide']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: The maternal postpartum period is characterized by @entity1949 , which is associated with @entity73 , @entity146 , and changes in @entity2493 patterns. In addition to @entity1949 , @entity1 undergo a complex set of physiological and environmental changes upon entering the postpartum period, confounding our understanding of effects of postpartum @entity25 . The primary study aim was to understand the basic impact of a single night of postpartum-like @entity1949 on @entity25 , nocturnal @entity2493 levels, mood, @entity25 , and neurobehavioral performance. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: For one week prior to entry into the laboratory, eleven healthy nulliparous @entity1 kept a stable sleep-wake schedule (verified via actigraphy). @entity1 contributed three consecutive nights of laboratory overnight polysomnography: (1) a habituation/ @entity25 screening night; (2) a baseline night; and (3) a @entity1949 night, when @entity1 were awakened three times for ~30min each. Self-reported sleep quality and mood (Profile of Mood States survey) both decreased significantly after @entity1949 compared to baseline measurements. Unexpectedly, @entity25 (Multiple Sleep Latency Test) decreased significantly after @entity1949 . @entity1949 had no significant effect on time spent in nocturnal sleep stages, urinary @entity12604 concentration, or psychomotor vigilance test performance. @entity1 continued to provide actigraphy data, and daily PVTs and self-reported sleep quality assessments at home for one week following @entity1949 ; these assessments did not differ from baseline values. CONCLUSIONS: While there were no changes in measured physiological components of a single night of postpartum-like experimental @entity1949 , there were decreases in self-reported measures of mood and sleep quality. Future research should examine the effects of multiple nights of modeling postpartum-like @entity1949 on objective measures of sleep and daytime functioning.

title: Effects of a single night of postpartum sleep on childless XXXX 's daytime functioning.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['Experimental fragmentation', 'sleep fragmentation']

entities_list: @entity12604 :: ('MESH:C054513', 'Chemical') :: ['6-sulfatoxymelatonin']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental health disturbances']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['daytime impairment']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['daytime sleepiness', 'sleep disturbance', 'sleep architecture', 'sleep disorder']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']