abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 with @entity161 have increased risk of @entity731 . It is already known that lifestyle-related disorders and the use of antipsychotics are closely related with the progression of @entity731 in @entity146 @entity1 . @entity64 as well as @entity301 play an important role in the cause of @entity204 in Asia and Japan. Thus, we studied the prevalence of @entity66 in @entity146 inpatients in Japan using brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHOD: This cross-sectional study was performed from January 2012 to December 2013. Study @entity1 were 152 hospitalized @entity1 (61 @entity1 and 91 @entity1 ) in the Department of Psychiatry at Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa City, Japan. Mean ages were 50.0 and 57.1 years old for @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively. The diagnoses (DSM-IV-TR criteria) of @entity1 were @entity161 (69.1%), @entity1316 (18.4%), and other @entity146 (12.5%). We checked physical status, metabolic status of @entity413 and lipid levels, and brain MRI within 1 week of admission. RESULTS: The study group showed a significantly high prevalence of @entity6 and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterolemia in both sexes (n = 61 in @entity1 , n = 91 in @entity1 , P < .05). In the study group, serum fasting plasma @entity413 and hemoglobin A1c levels were significantly high (n = 152, P < .05), but serum HDL @entity165 and total @entity165 were significantly low in both sexes (n = 61 in @entity1 , n = 90 in @entity1 , P < .05), and @entity1674 were low in @entity1 (n = 61, P < .05). Silent @entity4798 was recognized at a higher rate (n = 98, P < .05) compared with healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 in this study had an increased ratio of silent @entity4798 compared with Japanese healthy controls, accompanied with higher ratios of @entity6 and low HDL @entity165 .

title: Increased Silent Brain Infarction Accompanied With High Prevalence of @entity6 and Dyslipidemia in XXXX Inpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'men', 'women', 'Patients', 'participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4798 :: ('MESH:D020520', 'Disease') :: ['brain infarction']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'mental disorders']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorder']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic diseases', 'atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Psychiatric']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction. @entity75 ( @entity75 ) is a constellation of clinical and radiologic findings. Fluctuations in blood pressure, @entity410 , and reversible brain MRI findings mainly in posterior cerebral white matter are the main manifestations. @entity75 has been associated with multiple conditions such as @entity792 , pregnancy, organ transplant, and @entity9818 ( @entity9818 ). Case Presentation. A 22-year-old @entity1 with history of @entity1252 complicated with @entity740 secondary to @entity1988 class IV presented with recurrent @entity410 and uncontrolled @entity101 . She was found to have @entity810 and @entity882 . Repeat kidney biopsy showed diffuse endocapillary and extracapillary proliferative and membranous @entity1988 (ISN-RPS class IV-G+V) and endothelial swelling secondary to severe @entity101 but no evidence of @entity9818 . Brain MRI showed reversible @entity75 that resolved after controlling the blood pressure, making @entity75 the diagnosis. Conclusion. @entity75 is an important entity that must be recognized and treated early due to the potential reversibility in the early stages. Physicians must have high suspicion for these unusual presentations. We present a case where performing kidney biopsy clinched the diagnosis in our @entity1 with multiple confounding factors.

title: XXXX , Recurrent @entity410 , and @entity882 in a Young @entity1 with @entity1988 : A Diagnostic Dilemma.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity9818 :: ('MESH:D057049', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic microangiopathy', 'TMA']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['PRES', 'left frontal and parietal lesions', 'Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['Systemic Lupus Erythematous']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['lupus nephritis']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disorders']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['Acute Kidney Injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: @entity1 colic is a prevalent physiological event of healthy @entity1 under 3 months of age, which can disrupt the @entity1 's home environment. Despite its benign natural history, sometimes it requires a therapeutic approach. There is limited evidence supporting the use of complementary and alternative treatments. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a mixture of standardized extract of matricariae Chamomilla L., Melissa Officinalis L. and tyndallized @entity9206 (H122) compared with @entity6374 (DSM 17938) and with @entity21710 for the treatment of infantile colic. @entity1 AND METHODS: A multicenter prospective, randomized comparative study was conducted involving 133 @entity1 with colic, according to Rome III criteria, who were assigned at random to receive Chamomilla L., Melissa Officinalis L. and tyndallized @entity9206 (H122) (Group A; n=45), @entity6374 DSM 17938 (10 CFU) (Group B; n=45) or @entity21710 (GroupC; n=43). Treatment was given to subjects for 21 days and they were followed for 4 weeks. Treatment success was assessed at the end of study period. Daily crying and fussing times were recorded in a structured diary, and maternal questionnaires were completed to monitor changes in @entity1 colic symptoms and adverse events. RESULTS: Treatment success was observed in 30 out of 45 @entity1 (66.7%) of @entity1 in Group A, while it was seen in 31 out of 45 @entity1 (68.9%) of Group B and in 19 out of 43 (44.2%) of subjects of Group C (  : 6.8; p=0.03). Mean daily crying time was more significantly reduced (from 211.3  40 min/day to 69.6  59 min/day) in the Group A and in Group B (from 201.6  32.5 min/day to 58.1  48.9 min/day) when compared with Group C (from 199.5  32 min/day to 106  56.5 min/day) (p<0.01, p=0.006 respectively). No significant difference was observed comparing Group A and B (p=0.4). No adverse events were reported in any group. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that administration of Chamomilla L., Melissa Officinalis L. and tyndallized @entity9206 (H122) and @entity6374 DSM 17938 are significantly more effective than @entity21710 in improving colic symptoms. Therefore, the use of herbal supplements may represent a new therapeutic strategy in the management of colicky @entity1 .

title: PP-12 EFFICACY OF A STANDARDIZED EXTRACT OF MATRICARIAE CHAMOMILLA L., MELISSA OFFICINALIS L. AND TYNDALLIZED @entity9206 (H122) COMPARED WITH XXXX (DSM 17938) AND WITH @entity21710 FOR THE TREATMENT OF INFANTILE COLIC.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Infant', 'patients', 'infant', 'PATIENTS', 'infants', 'child']

entities_list: @entity21710 :: ('MESH:D012841', 'Chemical') :: ['simethicone']

entities_list: @entity9206 :: ('1579', 'Species') :: ['L. Acidophilus', 'Lactobacillus Acidophilus']

entities_list: @entity6374 :: ('1598', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus Reuteri', 'L reuteri']

answer: @entity6374 :: (1598,Species) :: ['LACTOBACILLUS REUTERI']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The relation between left ventricular (LV) remodeling and @entity943 after @entity583 is poorly documented. We investigated the relations between LV size, @entity1184 , and function and @entity943 in 263 @entity1 from the Survival and Ventricular Enlargement (SAVE) study, using quantitative 2D echocardiography and ambulatory ECG monitoring after @entity583 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Transthoracic 2D echocardiograms and @entity943 monitoring were performed at baseline (mean, 11 days) and 1 and 2 years after @entity1188 . LV size, short-axis muscle (mass) area (LVMA), and function were quantified from 2D echocardiograms. The prevalence of @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) and frequent @entity1540 ( @entity1540 [ @entity1540 ] >10/h) was assessed from ambulatory ECG. @entity1165 and @entity1540 >10/h occurred in 20% and 29% of @entity1 at baseline, in 22% and 35% at 1 year and 23% and 39% at 2 years, respectively. @entity1165 and @entity1540 >10/h at baseline and 1 and 2 years were significantly related to LV size, LVMA, and function. Furthermore, changes in LV size and function from baseline to 2 years predicted both @entity1165 and @entity1540 >10/h. The study was underpowered to detect treatment effect of ACE inhibitors and beta-adrenergic receptor blockers but did not alter the relations between @entity943 , LV size, and function. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative echocardiographic assessment of LV size, LVMA, and function and changes in these measurements over time predict @entity943 after @entity1188 . Altered LV architecture and function during postinfarction LV remodeling provide an important substrate for triggering high-grade @entity943 .

title: Left ventricular remodeling and @entity943 after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular ectopy', 'premature ventricular contractions', 'PVCs']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the rate of early (first trimester) and late (second and third trimester) fetal loss in @entity1 who are @entity5337 homozygous. METHODS: Between December 1995 and February 2007, consecutive, unrelated white @entity1 who were @entity5337 homozygous and who had been pregnant at least once were recruited from 10 French hemostasis units. For reasons of comparison, we included @entity1 who were @entity5337 heterozygous and a group of noncarriers. The frequency of early and late fetal loss was assessed retrospectively and compared among the three groups. The effect of concomitant @entity854 was evaluated. The overall pregnancy outcome was reported. RESULTS: We analyzed 240 thromboprophylaxis-free pregnancies in 95 @entity1 who were @entity5337 homozygous, 425 in 195 @entity1 who were @entity5337 heterozygous, and 182 in 73 @entity1 who were noncarriers. The risk of late fetal loss was higher in @entity1 who were homozygous (13/95, 13.7%) compared with those who were noncarriers (1/73, 1.4%, odds ratio 11.41, 95% confidence interval 1.46-89.46, P=.002), whereas it was similar in @entity1 who were heterozygous and in noncarriers (6/195, 3.1% compared with 1/73, 1.4%, P=.68). The percentage of @entity1 with early fetal loss was similar in the three groups (P=.81). The live-birth rate was 80%, 84%, and 85%, respectively, for @entity1 who where homozygous, heterozygous, and noncarriers (P=.88). CONCLUSION: The @entity5337 homozygous genotype increases the risk of late fetal loss. However, the overall likelihood of a positive outcome is high in our series of @entity1 who were homozygous. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.

title: XXXX homozygous genotype and pregnancy outcomes.

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophilic abnormalities']

answer: @entity5337 :: (2153,Gene) :: ['Factor v Leiden']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Dietary patterns with @entity65 have been recommended, but the relative contributions of individual foods and food components, alone or in combination, remain undefined. Male @entity6970 (-/-) @entity19 were fed either a purified AIN-93G control diet, a @entity8928 ( @entity8928 ), or a @entity8928 with 10% @entity523 powder (TP), 2% soy germ (SG), or the combination, for 4 wk (n = 10 per group). Plasma total @entity165 and @entity1674 were measured with enzymatic colorimetric kits, and @entity35616 ( @entity35616 ) was measured by ELISA. Liver lipids were extracted with @entity3636 : @entity1042 , and @entity1674 , free and esterified @entity165 measured with enzymatic colorimetric kits. Expression of @entity52501 , @entity38296 , @entity34737 , and @entity34738 in the liver was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Sections of the aortic root and aorta were cut and stained with @entity1710 and @entity1711 (H_E) to assess extent of @entity731 . @entity8928 -fed animals had greater liver and adipose weights, plasma @entity165 and @entity35616 , hepatic lipids, and @entity731 than AIN-93G animals. TP and SG did not decrease @entity731 as measured by H_E-stained sections of the aortic root, aortic arch, and descending aorta. The TP diets further increased plasma @entity165 , but also led to increased expression of the @entity34737 /8 transporters involved in @entity165 efflux. Addition of SG alone to the @entity8928 attenuated @entity8928 -induced increases in plasma @entity165 , liver lipids, and gonadal adipose weight. The results of this study do not support the use of either TP or SG for reduction of @entity731 , but suggest some beneficial effects of SG on lipid metabolism in this model of @entity65 .

title: Effects of XXXX and Soy Germ on Lipid Bioaccumulation and @entity731 in @entity6970 (-/-) @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity8928 :: ('MESH:D020241', 'Disease') :: ['Western diet', 'WD']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity3636 :: ('MESH:D002725', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroform']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic lesions', 'atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular benefits']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity523 :: (4081,Species) :: ['Tomato']


abstract: Recently, @entity328 serotypes 6C and 6D have been identified. It is thought that they emerged by the replacement of wciN(b) in the capsular loci of serotypes 6A and 6B, respectively. However, their evolution has not been unveiled yet. To investigate the evolution of four serotypes of @entity2260 serogroup 6, four genes of the @entity9998 ( @entity9998 ) locus, wchA, wciN, wciO, and wciP, of isolates of @entity2260 serotypes 6A, 6B, 6C, and 6D were sequenced. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed to investigate their genetic backgrounds. The wchA gene of serotype 6C and 6D isolates was distinct from that of serotype 6A and 6B isolates, which may suggest cotransfer of wchA with wciN(b). Otherwise, serotypes 6C and 6D displayed different genetic backgrounds from serotypes 6A and 6B, which was suggested by MLST analysis. In addition, serotype 6C isolates showed distinct wciP polymorphisms from other serotypes, which also indicated that serotype 6C had not recently originated from serotype 6A. Although serotype 6D shared the same @entity535 polymorphisms of wciO with serotype 6B, wciP of serotype 6D differed from that of serotype 6B. The data indicate the implausibility of the scenario of a recent emergence of the @entity9998 locus of serotype 6D by genetic recombination between serotypes 6B and 6C. In addition, five serotype 6A and 6B isolates (6X group) displayed @entity9998 loci distinct from those of other isolates. The @entity9998 locus homogeneity and similar sequence types in MLST analysis suggest that most of the 6X group of isolates originated from the same ancestor and that the entire @entity9998 locus might have recently been transferred from an unknown origin. Serotype 6B isolates showed two or more @entity9998 locus subtypes, indicating a recombination-mediated mosaic structure of the @entity9998 locus of serotype 6B. The collective data favor the emergence of @entity9998 loci of serotypes 6A, 6B, 6C, and 6D by complicated recombination.

title: Comparison of capsular genes of XXXX serotype 6A, 6B, 6C, and 6D isolates.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity9998 :: ('MESH:D017889', 'Disease') :: ['cps', 'capsular polysaccharide synthesis']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity328 :: (1313,Species) :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of @entity453 ( @entity453 ) is often delayed in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . Serum total @entity648 levels are inversely associated with @entity453 . However, no studies have examined whether this can be used as a biochemical marker for identifying asymptomatic @entity6 @entity1 at higher risk for having obstructive @entity453 . METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study of 460 consecutive asymptomatic @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . All @entity1 underwent coronary computed tomographic angiography, and their serum total @entity648 levels were measured. Obstructive @entity453 was defined as >= 50% diameter stenosis in at least one coronary artery. RESULTS: Serum total @entity648 tertiles showed an inverse association with the prevalence of obstructive @entity453 . In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for the highest versus the lowest tertile of total @entity648 was 0.227 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.130 to 0.398), and an increment of 1  mol/L in serum total @entity648 level was associated with a 14.6% decrease in obstructive @entity453 after adjustment for confounding variables. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) plus serum total @entity648 level was 0.712 (95% CI, 0.668 to 0.753), which is significantly greater than that of the FRS alone (P=0.0028). CONCLUSION: Serum total @entity648 level is inversely associated with obstructive @entity453 and provides additive risk information over the FRS. Serum total @entity648 may be helpful for identifying asymptomatic @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 who are at higher risk for obstructive @entity453 .

title: Serum Total @entity648 Levels Provide Additive Risk Information over the Framingham Risk Score for Identifying Asymptomatic @entity6 XXXX at Higher Risk for Coronary Artery Stenosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There remains a proportion of @entity1 with unfavorable outcomes after @entity510 , of particular relevance in those who present with a good clinical grade. A forewarning of those at risk provides an opportunity towards more intensive monitoring, investigation, and prophylactic treatment prior to the clinical manifestation of advancing @entity131 . OBJECTIVE: To assess whether biochemical markers sampled in the first days after the initial @entity548 can predict poor outcome. METHODS: All @entity1 recruited to the multicenter @entity3413 in @entity548 Trial (STASH) were included. Baseline biochemical profiles were taken between time of ictus and day 4 post ictus. The t-test compared outcomes, and a backwards stepwise binary logistic regression was used to determine the factors providing independent prediction of an unfavorable outcome. RESULTS: Baseline biochemical data were obtained in approximately 91% of cases from 803 @entity1 . On admission, 73% of @entity1 were good grade (World Federation of Neurological Surgeons grades 1 or 2); however, 84% had a Fisher grade 3 or 4 on computed tomographic scan. For @entity1 presenting with good grade on admission, higher levels of @entity1851 , @entity413 , and white blood cells and lower levels of hematocrit, albumin, and hemoglobin were associated with poor outcome at discharge. @entity1851 was found to be an independent predictor of outcome for @entity1 presenting in good grade. CONCLUSION: Early recording of @entity1851 may prove useful in detecting those good grade @entity1 who are at greater risk of clinical deterioration and poor outcome.

title: Elevated Baseline @entity1851 as a Predictor of Outcome After @entity510 : Data From the @entity3413 in XXXX (STASH) Trial.

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral injury']

entities_list: @entity3413 :: ('MESH:D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['Simvastatin']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Aneurysmal Hemorrhage', 'hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage']


abstract: PURPOSE: Mastectomy is necessary for 40% of the @entity513 in situ. If @entity0 ( @entity0 ) is systematically proposed, 81% of the @entity1 would choose immediate versus delayed breast reconstruction, but the actual @entity0 rate is only approximately 50% of them. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify objective characteristics that distinguish the @entity1 who actually underwent @entity0 from those who did not. METHODS: Several criteria of 248 @entity1 who have undergone mastectomy for @entity513 were analyzed. Factors studied were age, body mass index, @entity6 , @entity286 use, and weight of the specimen of resection. RESULTS: The rate of @entity0 was 43%. An increase in age and weight of the resection specimen, irrespective of the body mass index, was associated with a lower rate of @entity0 . Thus, an increase of 100  g in the weight of the breast induces a significant reduction of the @entity0 (33%). CONCLUSIONS: In our series, older @entity1 or @entity1 with larger breasts (irrespective of the body mass index) were less likely to undergo @entity0 . In order to be in line with the @entity1 's desire, the surgeons of our unit should broaden their indications of @entity0 . The lack of reconstruction of large breasts should certainly be compensated in part with the recent development of free tissue transfers in our unit. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

title: @entity1 age and breast resection weight affect immediate postmastectomy breast reconstruction in XXXX in situ.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['immediate breast reconstruction', 'IBR']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma']

answer: @entity513 :: (MESH:D044584,Disease) :: ['ductal carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To evaluate the @entity2840 ( @entity2840 ) and intraocular pressure (IOP) of premature @entity1 and to document correlation of them with gestational age, chronological age, and birth weight of @entity1 . Using a hand-held applanation tonometer and a portable pachymeter, IOP and @entity2840 of 170 premature @entity1 were measured just before initial @entity989 of @entity3465 screening examination and re-measured 4  weeks after the first visit. The @entity2840 and IOP were positively correlated during the first (r  =  0.616, p  <  0.001) and second (r  =  0.564, p  <  0.001) visits. The mean @entity2840 at first and second visits were 568.1      22.1 (527-628) and 561.6      21.4 (520-619)   m, consecutively (p  <  0.001). Gestational age, chronological age and birth weight of @entity1 were found to be negatively correlated with @entity2840 at first (r  =  -0.751, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.745, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.581, p  <  0.001, consecutively) and second (r  =  -0.729, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.729, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.555, p  <  0.001, consecutively) visits. The mean IOP at first and second visits were 14.1      1.9 (11-19) and 13.7      1.7 (11-18) mmHg, consecutively (p  <  0.001). Gestational age, chronological age, and birth weight of @entity1 were found to be negatively correlated with IOP at first (r  =  -0.724, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.715, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.558, p  <  0.001, consecutively) and second (r  =  -0.704, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.703, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.518, p  <  0.001, consecutively) visits. @entity2840 and IOP of the premature @entity1 with a smaller gestational age were found to be higher (p  <  0.001 for both). Premature @entity1 with smaller gestational age have higher @entity2840 and IOP values when compared to older @entity1 . These values tend to become lower 4  weeks after the first examination as @entity1 become older. The @entity2840 and IOP were positively correlated with each other and both were negatively correlated with gestational age, chronological age, and birth weight during first and second visits.

title: Central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure in premature XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2840 :: ('MESH:C563262', 'Disease') :: ['central corneal thickness', 'CCT']

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['prematurity']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: @entity1010 as determined by quantitative MRI can be used to characterize disease progression in @entity15 . Many studies have addressed white matter (WM) alterations leading to @entity194 , while changes of the cerebral cortex have been studied to a lesser extent. In vivo, the cerebral cortex has been difficult to study due to its complex structure and regional variability. Measurement of cerebral cortex thickness at different disease stages may provide new insights into grey matter (GM) pathology. In the present investigation, we evaluated in vivo cortical thickness and its relationship to disability, disease duration, WM T2 hyper-intense and T1 hypo-intense lesion volumes. High-resolution MRI brain scans were obtained in 20 @entity1 with clinically definite @entity15 and 15 age-matched normal subjects. A novel method of automated surface reconstruction yielded measurements of the cortical thickness for each subject's entire brain and computed cross-subject statistics based on the cortical anatomy. Statistical thickness difference maps were generated by performing t-tests between @entity1 and control groups and individual thickness measures were submitted to analyses of variance to investigate the relationship between cortical thickness and clinical variables. The mean overall thickness of the cortical ribbon was reduced in @entity15 @entity1 compared with controls [2.30 mm (SD 0.14) versus 2.48 mm (SD 0.11)], showing a significant main effect of group (controls versus @entity1 ). In @entity1 , we found significant main effects for disability, disease duration, T2 and T1 lesion volumes. The visualization of statistical difference maps of the cortical GM thickness on inflated brains across the cortical surface revealed a distinct distribution of significant focal thinning of the cerebral cortex in addition to the diffuse cortical @entity194 . Focal cortical thinning in frontal [2.37 mm (SD 0.17) versus 2.73 mm (SD 0.25)] and in temporal [2.65 mm (SD 0.15) versus 2.95 mm (SD 0.11)] brain regions was observed, even early in the course of the disease or in @entity1 with mild disability. @entity1 with longstanding disease or severe disability, however, presented additionally with focal thinning of the motor cortex area [2.35 mm (SD 0.19) versus 2.74 mm (SD 0.15)]. We conclude that in vivo measurement of cortical thickness is feasible in @entity1 suffering from @entity15 . The data provide new insight into the cortical pathology in @entity15 @entity1 , revealing focal cortical thinning beside an overall reduction of the cortical thickness with disease progression.

title: Focal thinning of the cerebral cortex in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1010 :: ('MESH:C566985', 'Disease') :: ['Brain atrophy']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: to investigate an outbreak of community-associated @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 (CA- @entity794 ) USA300 in a hospital setting, and the effect of infection control measures. DESIGN: outbreak investigation and retrospective chart review. SETTING: local inpatient and outpatient clinic. @entity1 : all @entity1 with a history of skin and soft tissue infections with culture-confirmed @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 USA 300 infection from September, 2014, through June, 2015. INTERVENTIONS: an outbreak investigation with a "search and destroy" policy was carried out. A review of infection control practices was conducted. Chart reviews were conducted to study the management and outcomes of the @entity1 . Infection control measures included education and cultures of skin colonization sites (anterior nares, pharynx, perineum). Specific decontamination schemes for uncomplicated and complicated carriers were enforced. Separate decontamination schemes for neonates and @entity1 under 5  years of age were implemented. RESULTS: between September 2014 and June 2015, 12 clinical cases and six carriers were identified. Of the twelve clinical presentations with positive cultures, eight were @entity1 . Of the four @entity1 who had a relapse, three were @entity1 (75%). After outbreak investigation and infection control measures have been implemented, three persistent carriers remained. A policy of periodic screening, consultation, and watchful waiting for @entity272 was instituted for these @entity1 . No new cases linked to the CA- @entity794 outbreak have since been reported. CONCLUSION: we report the first Belgian outbreak of CA- @entity794 USA300 in this article. A strict search and destroy strategy and continued surveillance are required in the management of CA- @entity794 USA300.

title: USA300, A strain of community-associated @entity3256 -resistant XXXX , crossing Belgium's borders: outbreak of skin and soft tissue infections in a hospital in Belgium.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'MRSA']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin infections']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: A mild and controlled acute inflammatory reaction in hamster cheek pouch was created without any exogenous, but rather by locally activated and liberated, mediators. A pressure of 60 mm Hg was applied to part of the everted cheek pouch eight times with a 10-min recovery period in between. The microvascular response was followed by intravital microscopy and the permeability changes were monitored with intravital fluoroscopy and intravenous @entity2823 dextran (mol wt 150,000). The number of extravasated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) was calculated by a new, whole tissue, histological technique. In three experimental groups (-)- @entity4183 ( @entity2263 -receptor agonist) 0.05 mg/100 g body wt., @entity4183 0.05 mg/100 g body wt., and @entity3352 2 mg/100 g body wt. was given intravenously before pressure was applied. A fourth group, with no drug given, served as control. There was a rapid increase in the number of @entity2823 dextran leakages and extravasated PMNLs in the control group. @entity3352 almost completely inhibited @entity2823 dextran permeability and extravasation of PMNLs. The @entity2263 agonist markedly diminished the number of @entity2823 dextran leakages for 75 min. The number of extravasated PMNLs was also reduced. Treatment with @entity4183 , which is supposed to have no @entity2263 -receptor effect, gave a slight reduction in number of @entity2823 dextran leakages and almost a complete inhibition of PMNL extravasation. Thus we conclude that @entity3352 is a very potent antiinflammatory agent even in the early phase of @entity32 . @entity4183 diminished the inflammatory response, probably by preventing endothelial gap formation. @entity4183 prevented PMNL extravasation either by interaction with the PMNL itself or with the endothelium.

title: @entity3352 , XXXX ( @entity2263 agonist), and @entity4183 in acute @entity32 induced by repeated ischemia in hamster cheek pouch.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin', 'Indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity4183 :: ('MESH:D013726', 'Chemical') :: ['terbutaline', '(+)-Terbutaline', '(+)-terbutaline', '(-)-Terbutaline']

answer: @entity4183 :: (MESH:D013726,Chemical) :: ['(-)-terbutaline']


abstract: Daily patterns of animal behavior are potentially of vast functional importance. Fitness benefits have been identified in nature by the association between individual timing and survival or by the fate of individuals after experimental deletion of their circadian pacemaker. The recent advances in unraveling the molecular basis of circadian timing enable new approaches to natural selection on timing. The investigators report on the effect and fate of the mutant @entity17989 (Brdm1) allele in 4 replicate populations of house @entity19 in a seminatural outside environment over 2 years. This allele is known to compromise circadian organization and entrainment and to cause multiple physiological disturbances. @entity19 (N=250) bred from @entity17989 (Brdm1) heterozygotes were implanted subcutaneously with transponders and released in approximately Mendelian ratios in four 400 m(2) pens. An electronic system stored the times of all visits to feeders of each individual. The study first demonstrates that @entity19 are not explicitly nocturnal in this natural environment. Feeding activity was predominantly and sometimes exclusively diurnal and spread nearly equally over day and night under the protective snow cover in winter. The effect of @entity17989 (Brdm1) on activity timing is negligible compared to seasonal changes in all genotypes. Second, the @entity17989 (Brdm1) allele did not have persistent negative effects on fitness. In the first year, the allele gradually became less frequent by reducing survival. New cohorts captured had the same @entity17989 (Brdm1) frequency as the survivors from previous cohorts, consistent with an absence of an effect on reproduction. In the second year, the allele recovered to about its initial frequency (0.54). These changes in selective advantage were primarily due to female @entity19 , as females lived longer and the sex ratio dropped to about 25% males in the population. While it is unknown which selective advantage led to the recovery, the results caution against inferences from laboratory experiments on fitness consequences in the natural environment. It also demonstrates that the activity of @entity19 , while strictly nocturnal in the laboratory, may be partially or completely diurnal in the field. The new method allows assessment of natural selection on specific alleles on a day-today basis.

title: Lab XXXX in the field: unorthodox daily activity and effects of a dysfunctional circadian clock allele.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between @entity8 and @entity2167 , and to determine the clinical spectrum of @entity393 in such @entity1 . METHODS: Seventy-five @entity1 with @entity8 underwent auditory examinations. The subjects comprised 35 males and 40 females. Fourteen females had @entity854 . Another 75 schoolchildren with the same gender profile were selected for audiometric testing as a control group. @entity1 with sonographically evident urogenital system abnormalities were excluded from the control group. RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity2167 in @entity1 with @entity8 (4/75) (5.3%) was higher than in the control group (0%). The prevalence in @entity1 with @entity790 was significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity8 than in the normal population (28.5%). Audiometric results showed that four of the 75 @entity1 manifested ipsilateral @entity1274 , particularly in the high-frequency range. All were females with coexisting @entity790 . Two were diagnosed with mild @entity1274 while the other two had moderate @entity393 . CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study suggest that @entity393 was found to be associated with @entity8 . Further audiometric follow-up of @entity1 with @entity8 seems worthwhile.

title: @entity2167 associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal agenesis', 'unilateral renal agenesis']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['auditory abnormality', 'auditory abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['mullerian abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing impairment']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss', 'hearing impairment', 'neurosensory hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity790 :: ('MESH:D014564', 'Disease') :: ['urogenital anomalies', 'genital abnormalities']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['unilateral renal agenesis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preclinical studies suggest that @entity9894 receptors are expressed by airway vagal afferent nerves and contribute to the hypersensitisation of sensory neurons. @entity9894 receptors could mediate sensitisation of the cough reflex, leading to chronic cough. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of a first-in-class oral @entity9894 antagonist, @entity68596 , to reduce cough frequency in @entity1 with refractory chronic cough. METHODS: We did a double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-period, crossover study at one UK centre. With a computer-generated sequence, we randomly assigned @entity1 with refractory chronic cough to @entity68596 , 600 mg twice a day, or to placebo (1:1), and then, after a 2 week washout, assigned @entity1 to receive the other treatment. @entity1 , health-care providers, and investigators were masked to sequence assignment. We assessed daytime cough frequency (primary endpoint) at baseline and after 2 weeks of treatment using 24 h ambulatory cough recordings. The primary analysis used a mixed effects model with the intention-to-treat population. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01432730. FINDINGS: Of 34 individuals assessed between Sept 22, 2011, and Nov 29, 2012, we randomly assigned 24 @entity1 (mean age 54  5 years; SD 11  1). In the observed case analysis, cough frequency was reduced by 75% when @entity1 were allocated to @entity68596 compared when allocated to placebo (p=0  0003). Daytime cough frequency fell from a mean 37 coughs per h (SD 32) to 11 (8) coughs per h after @entity68596 treatment versus 65 (163) coughs per h to 44 (51) coughs per h after placebo. Six @entity1 withdrew before the end of the study because of taste disturbances, which were reported by all @entity1 taking @entity68596 . INTERPRETATION: @entity9894 receptors seem to have a key role in mediation of cough @entity528 . Antagonists of @entity9894 receptors such as @entity68596 are a promising new group of antitussives. FUNDING: Afferent Pharmaceuticals.

title: XXXX receptor antagonist ( @entity68596 ) in refractory chronic cough: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal hypersensitivity']

answer: @entity9894 :: (5024,Gene) :: ['P2X3']


abstract: In order to observe the expression of Fas, @entity12 and @entity588 and apoptosis of bone marrow @entity2280 (+) cells in @entity1 with @entity2590 ( @entity2590 ), and to explore the relation between the expression of these antigens and apoptosis, the expression of Fas, @entity12 and @entity588 and apoptosis of bone marrow @entity2280 (+) cell were evaluated by flow cytometry in 26 @entity1 with @entity2590 including 9 cases of @entity417 ( @entity417 ), 1 case of @entity417 with ringed sideroblasts (RAS), 9 cases of @entity417 ( @entity417 ) and 7 cases of @entity417 ( @entity417 ), 10 @entity1 with @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) and 6 control @entity1 with normal bone marrow. The results showed that the expression of Fas and @entity12 of @entity2280 (+) cells significantly increased in all types of @entity2590 @entity1 compared with control group (P < 0.01). The expression of @entity588 on @entity2280 (+) cells in @entity417 and @entity417 @entity1 was much higher as compared with that in control group (P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference between @entity417 /RAS @entity1 and control group (P > 0.05). The expression rates of Fas on @entity2280 (+) cells were almost identical in all kinds of @entity2590 , but there was significant difference on the expression of @entity588 ( @entity417 /RAS < @entity417 < @entity417 ). Apoptosis of @entity2280 (+) cells significantly increased in @entity417 /RAS and @entity417 @entity1 compared with control group (P < 0.01), but there was no difference between @entity417 and control group. Moreover, apoptosis of @entity2280 (+) cells in control much higher than that in @entity3052 group (P < 0.01). There was no correlation between the expression of Fas or @entity12 and apoptosis on @entity2280 (+) cell of @entity2590 @entity1 . Nevertheless, there was a negative correlation between the expression of @entity588 and apoptosis. It is concluded that apoptosis of @entity2280 (+) cells was affected by a lot of factors in @entity2590 , in which @entity588 is an important factor of depressing apoptosis. During the progress from @entity2590 to @entity3052 , apoptosis changes from overgoing to deficiency in @entity2280 (+) cell.

title: [Expression of Fas, XXXX and @entity588 and apoptosis of bone marrow @entity2280 + cells in @entity1 with @entity2590 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['refactory anemia', 'RAEB-t', 'RA with excess blasts', 'RAEB in transformation', 'RAEB', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndrome', 'MDS']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

answer: @entity12 :: (356,Gene) :: ['FasL']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The presence in serum of antibodies to viral antigens is generally considered a well-defined marker of past @entity281 or vaccination. However, analyses of serological data that use a cut-off value to classify individuals as seropositive are prone to misclassification bias, in particular when studying infections with a weak serological response, such as the sexually transmitted @entity1082 ). METHODS: We analyzed the serological concentrations of HPV @entity1799 (HPV16) antibodies in the general Dutch population in 2006-2007, before the introduction of mass vaccination against HPV. We used a 2-component mixture model to represent @entity1 who were seronegative or seropositive for @entity1799 . Component densities were assumed to be log-normally distributed, with parameters possibly dependent on sex. The age-dependent mixing proportions were smoothed using penalized splines to obtain a flexible seroprevalence profile. RESULTS: Our results suggest that @entity1799 seropositivity is associated with higher antibody concentrations in @entity1 as compared with @entity1 . Seroprevalence shows an increase starting from adolescence in @entity1 and @entity1 alike, coinciding with the age of sexual debut. Seroprevalence stabilizes in @entity1 around age 40, whereas it has a decreasing trend from age 50 onwards in @entity1 . Analyses that rely on a cut-off value to classify @entity1 as seropositive yield substantially different seroprevalence profiles, leading to a qualitatively different interpretation of @entity1799 @entity281 dynamics. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide a benchmark for examining the effect of @entity1799 vaccination in future serological surveys. Our method may prove useful for estimating seroprevalence of other infections with a weak serological response.

title: Estimating Seroprevalence of XXXX Using a Mixture Model with Smoothed Age-dependent Mixing Proportions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity1799 :: (333760,Species) :: ['Human Papillomavirus Type 16']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this survey was to determine the range of surgical objectives, strategies, and outcomes of primary cytoreductive operations performed by gynecologic oncologists. METHODS: A survey addressing the definition of "optimal" cytoreduction, the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, disease sites precluding optimal cytoreduction, reasons optimal cytoreduction or cytoreduction to a visibly disease-free outcome is or is not accomplished, the use of 15 specific operative procedures, and attitude toward postfellowship training in the surgical management of advanced @entity43 was mailed to candidate and full members of the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists. Analysis of discrete and binomial data utilized the chi(2) and independent samples t tests. Logistic regression confirmed relationships between responses and both the definition of optimal cytoreduction and the attitudes toward postfellowship training. RESULTS: Three hundred ninety-three (61.4%) of 640 physicians provided utilizable data. A median of 95% of @entity1 were reported to be operated on primarily and 5% were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P < 0.0001). A median of 9 (range 0-15) of the surveyed procedures were utilized. Forty-seven (12.0%) respondents defined optimal cytoreduction as no @entity66 , 54 (13.7%) used a 5-mm threshold, 239 (60.8%) used a 1-cm threshold, and 48 (12.6%) utilized a 1.5- to 2.0-cm threshold. Small dimensions of @entity66 (0-5 mm versus 1-2 cm) defined optimal cytoreduction for physicians indicating that fewer disease sites precluded optimal cytoreduction (P = 0.02), using a larger number of the surveyed procedures (P = 0.04), and in practice longer (P = 0.001). Three hundred seventeen (83.9%) of 378 respondents favored development of postfellowship training in cytoreductive surgery. Physicians against postfellowship training used fewer of the surveyed procedures because of concerns about efficacy (P = 0.01). More recent fellowship graduates favored postfellowship training (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: A range of surgical objectives, strategies, procedures used, and outcomes exists among gynecologic oncologists. Confirmation of the efficacy of cytoreductive surgery may cultivate a consensus about the most appropriate therapeutic objective and strategy for advanced @entity43 . Cooperative efforts should be undertaken to offer postfellowship training.

title: What are the current surgical objectives, strategies, and technical capabilities of gynecologic oncologists treating XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'stage epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['advanced epithelial ovarian cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The precise etiology of border zone @entity1188 is controversial. @entity73 due to @entity432 (ICA) is suggested as a cause of border zone @entity1188 . OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in prevalence and volume of @entity63 border zone lesions over time in @entity1 with occlusive disease of the ICA after 1 year of follow-up. DESIGN: Follow-up study. SETTING: Referral center. @entity1 : Fifty-eight @entity1 with an occlusion of the ICA were included. At baseline, @entity2806 were classified on magnetic resonance imaging, and vasomotor reactivity was assessed with transcranial Doppler ultrasonography with @entity544 challenge. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes in prevalence and volume of @entity2806 were monitored and were correlated with @entity544 reactivity at baseline. RESULTS: No significant changes in the prevalence of any @entity1188 types were observed after 1 year of follow-up in the hemispheres ipsilateral or contralateral to the @entity432 . However, in hemispheres ipsilateral to an occluded ICA, we found an increase in mean volume of internal border zone @entity1188 (P =.002). In hemispheres with a low @entity544 reactivity, we found an increase in mean volume of internal border zone lesions after 1 year ( @entity544 reactivity, <or=18%, P =.02 and 19%-35%, P =.02). These changes were not observed for external border zone lesions. CONCLUSION: The association between impaired vasomotor reactivity and an increase in @entity63 lesion volume in the internal border zone suggests a hemodynamic component.

title: Prevalence and volume of internal border zone lesions in XXXX with impaired cerebral @entity544 vasomotor reactivity: a follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic lesions']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Hemodynamic impairment']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct', 'infarcts']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive disease of the internal carotid artery', 'ICA occlusion']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Temporary @entity34038 or pseudotattoos have become increasingly widespread among @entity1 and adolescent. A generalized skin reaction, type @entity9374 is unusual, and rarely reported. We describe the case of a 7-year-old @entity1 who reported erythematous papular bull's-eye shaped lesions and consolidated @entity4 primarily in the upper and lower extremities. These lesions were compatibles with @entity9374 . He also showed an @entity75 on his leg, shaped like a dolphin. In this area, a temporary henna tattoo was painted 1-month earlier. Patch test was positive for @entity7227 ( @entity10155 ). Skin reactions due to henna are rare. Most of the reactions are due to additives, especially @entity10155 , an @entity9308 derivative, which is added to speed up the process of skin dyeing and to give a darker brown to black color ("black" henna). As @entity34038 are becoming increasingly popular, prevention requires the annual provision of information to consumers, especially young @entity1 and their parents.

title: XXXX -like Secondary to @entity7227 Due to Henna Tattoo Plus Residual Hypopigmentation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'boy', 'people']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['erythematous-eczematous lesion']

entities_list: @entity7227 :: ('MESH:C029728', 'Chemical') :: ['paraphenylenediamine']

entities_list: @entity34038 :: ('MESH:C567128', 'Disease') :: ['henna tattoos']

entities_list: @entity9374 :: ('MESH:D004892', 'Disease') :: ['erythema multiforme-like reaction']

answer: @entity9374 :: (MESH:D004892,Disease) :: ['Erythema Multiforme']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Silent @entity63 episodes rate is 4-5% among over fifty aged @entity1 . @entity1 affected by @entity101 have higher @entity453 rate than @entity1 with normal blood pressure. An increased mortality is present among @entity1 affected by essential @entity101 , especially if affected by silent @entity63 and /or @entity943 . In all previous study about @entity101 , the inclusion criterion was a diastolic blood pressure >95 mmHg, that is a low selective one. The aim of study is to evaluate @entity943 rate, in @entity101 @entity1 , without pharmacological therapy, and diagnosed by 24 hours ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), so using a more selective criterion than WHO rules. METHODS: 128 consecutive @entity1 with @entity101 diagnosis by WHO rules, were screened for 24 hours ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM); 85 of them (66.4%) had 24 hours mean blood pressure >135/85 mmHg. These 85 @entity1 were screened for M-mode, B-mode echocardiography and 24 hours electrocardiogram monitoring by Holter. RESULTS: Sixty @entity1 (70.6%) were affected by @entity4346 , 25 were free (29.4%) According to the Lown and Wolf classification for @entity943 20 @entity1 (23.5%) had a Grade I @entity943 , 5 (5.9%) had a Grade II, 4 (4.7%) had a Grade III, 9 (10.6%) had a Grade IV A, 20 (23.5%) had a Grade IV B, 12 (14.2%) had a Grade V and 15 @entity1 (17.6%) were free from @entity1540 . 40 @entity1 (47%) had one or more ST @entity308 episodes longer than 60 . The range of episodes number is 1-22, mean 6.8; their duration range is 1-16 minutes, mean 7.6 minutes. In our study, @entity4346 correlate significantly with @entity943 Lown score, r=0.552 for p<0.0001 and also with silent @entity63 as ST @entity308 r=0.51, p<0.004. The correlation, between @entity943 score and ST @entity308 , r=0.042, p<0.021 is not highly significant. CONCLUSIONS: The conclusion is drawn that using a more selective criterion for the diagnosis of @entity101 , it is possible to identify @entity1 affected by a more severe stage of disease, and detect them for primary prevention of coronary events.

title: [Silent @entity63 and XXXX in essential @entity101 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['premature ventricular complexes']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']


abstract: In @entity35 , axons of external urethral sphincter (EUS) motoneurons travel through the anastomotic branch of the @entity3815 (ABPD) and anastomotic branch of the lumbosacral trunk (ABLT) and converge in the motor branch of the sacral plexus ( @entity12221 ). The aim of the present study was to determine in female @entity35 the contribution of these somatomotor pathways and urethral sensory innervation from the dorsal nerve of the clitoris on urinary continence and voiding. EUS electromyographic (EMG) activity during cystometry, leak point pressure (LPP), and voiding efficiency (VE) were assessed in anesthetized virgin Sprague-Dawley female @entity35 before and after transection of the above nerve branches. Transection of the @entity12221 eliminated EUS EMG, decreased LPP by 50%, and significantly reduced @entity1494 duration, peak pressure, intercontraction interval, and VE. Transection of the ABPD or ABLT decreased EUS EMG discharge and LPP by 25% but did not affect VE. Transection of the dorsal nerve of the clitoris did not affect LPP but reduced contraction duration, peak pressure, intercontraction interval, and VE. We conclude that somatomotor control of micturition is provided by the @entity12221 with axons travelling through the ABPD and ABLT. Partial somatomotor urethral denervation induces mild @entity322 , whereas partial afferent denervation induces @entity409 . ABPD and ABLT pathways could represent a safeguard ensuring innervation to the EUS in case of @entity16 . Detailed knowledge of neuroanatomy and functional innervation of the urethra will enable more accurate animal models of neural development, disease, and dysfunction in the future.

title: Somatomotor and sensory urethral control of micturition in female XXXX .

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder contraction']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['upper nerve damage']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['voiding dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3815 :: ('MESH:D060545', 'Disease') :: ['pudendal nerve']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe the visual recovery after intravitreal injections of the antivascular endothelial growth factor, bevacizumab, in a case of vaso obliteration from idiopathic @entity4816 , @entity439 , and @entity2479 (IRVAN). The name IRVAN was given to the condition to highlight the key findings present in the disease. IRVAN is a severe, sight threatening condition that can lead to peripheral capillary non-perfusion and vision loss from the ischemic sequelae of @entity432 . Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) is the current standard of care for IRVAN but visual outcome is poor if PRP is initiated after @entity2295 develops. Intravitreal bevacizumab has success at treating @entity2295 from other @entity63 and inflammatory retinal conditions that have similar characteristics to IRVAN. CASE REPORT: This case report describes a @entity1 with @entity227 in the @entity3012 . The @entity1 presented with best-corrected visual acuity of 20/20 in the @entity5771 and count fingers at 4 ft in the @entity3012 . Evaluation revealed findings consistent with an advanced stage of IRVAN. Anterior and posterior @entity2295 had developed from extensive capillary non-perfusion in both retinas. A dense vitreous @entity548 @entity3012 . Bilateral intravitreal injections of bevacizumab and extensive PRP were given in the area of @entity2479 for treatment. After 4 months, the @entity1 's vision had improved from count fingers in the @entity3012 to 20/40. CONCLUSIONS: IRVAN has favorable outcomes when treated with a combination of PRP and intravitreal injections of antivascular endothelial growth factor. This case demonstrates the effectiveness of this combination treatment in a case of IRVAN with both posterior and anterior @entity2295 .

title: Visual acuity recovery in a case of idiopathic XXXX and @entity2479 .

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['decreased vision']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage blocked vision']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['neuroretinitis', 'retinal ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic retinopathies']

entities_list: @entity2295 :: ('MESH:D015861', 'Disease') :: ['neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['vascular occlusion']

entities_list: @entity4816 :: ('MESH:D031300', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vasculitis']

answer: @entity4816 :: (MESH:D031300,Disease) :: ['retinal vasculitis aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To correlate the abnormalities on computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and bone scan with fluorinated @entity897 positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in @entity1 with progressive @entity263 , using a lesion-by-lesion analysis, and to preliminarily explore post-treatment changes in standard uptake value (SUV) with changes in @entity1486 . METHODS: A lesional analysis compared abnormalities on FDG-PET with those on CT/MRI or bone scan. @entity1 had rising @entity1486 levels and progressive disease according to the imaging findings. Changes in the SUV were compared with the @entity1486 changes in @entity1 who had serial scans after treatment. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-seven lesions in 17 @entity1 were examined; 134 osseous lesions were evident on PET and/or bone scan, 95 lesions (71%) were evident on both, 31 (23%) were seen only on bone scan, and 8 (6%) were seen only on PET (adjusted McNemar's chi-square = 8.32, P = 0.004). All but one of the lesions seen only on bone scan were "stable" compared with the previous bone scans. All lesions seen only on PET proved to be active disease on subsequent bone scans. Twenty-three soft-tissue lesions were present on CT/MRI or PET, or both; 9 (39%) lesions were evident on both and 14 (61%) were evident only on one imaging modality. In 9 (75%) of 12 cases in which serial PET scans were available, the SUV changed in parallel with the @entity1486 level. CONCLUSIONS: FDG-PET can discriminate active osseous disease from scintigraphically quiescent lesions in @entity1 with progressive @entity263 , but it is limited in detecting soft-tissue metastases. Post-treatment changes in the SUV tend to correlate with changes in @entity1486 .

title: Fluorinated XXXX positron emission tomography imaging in progressive @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen (PSA)', 'PSA']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity897 :: ('MESH:D003847', 'Chemical') :: ['deoxyglucose']

answer: @entity897 :: (MESH:D003847,Chemical) :: ['deoxyglucose']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity461 ( @entity461 ) increases both bone formation ( @entity1555 ) and bone resorption, whereas @entity561 reduces bone resorption. It is possible that the combination therapy will enhance their effects on @entity1555 . Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of the combination therapy in @entity170 . METHODS: A comprehensive literature search of Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted to identify relative studies. The outcomes included the mean percent increases in @entity1555 of lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip, and distal radius. A fixed-effects model or random-effects was used to pool the estimates according to the heterogeneity. RESULTS: Six RCTs with a total number of 833 @entity1 were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled estimates showed that, the combination therapy resulted in a higher mean percent change of increased @entity1555 in distal radius (WMD = 2.45, 95%CI: 1.58, 3.31; 0.000), but not in lumbar spine (WMD = -0.83, 95%CI: -3.48, 1.81; p = .538), femoral neck (WMD = -0.99, 95%CI: -2.04, 0.07; p = .068), and total hip (WMD = -0.06, 95%CI: -0.93, 0.81; p = .892). Subgroup analysis revealed that among the @entity1 in the combination therapy group, greater increases in the spine @entity1555 were observed when the @entity461 was administered with a dosage of 20   g (WMD = 2.33, 95%CI: 1.24, 3.43; p = .000), or the treatment duration lasted more than 12 months (WMD = 2.23, 95%CI: 1.00, 3.47; p = .000), or the combination therapy was used in @entity170 @entity1 (WMD = 1.58, 95%CI: 0.63, 2.53; p = .001). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that combination therapy in the treatment of @entity170 , reduced the ability of @entity461 therapy to increase the @entity1555 at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip.

title: XXXX Plus @entity561 in @entity170 : A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity561 :: ('MESH:D019386', 'Chemical') :: ['alendronate']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity461 :: ('5741', 'Gene') :: ['PTH', 'Parathyroid hormone']

answer: @entity461 :: (5741,Gene) :: ['Parathyroid Hormone']


abstract: Stress is a strong modulator of memory function. However, memory is not a unitary process and stress seems to exert different effects depending on the memory type under study. Here, we explored the impact of social stress on different aspects of @entity1 memory, including tests for explicit memory and working memory (for neutral materials), as well as implicit memory (perceptual priming, contextual priming and classical conditioning for emotional stimuli). A total of 35 young adult male students were randomly assigned to either the stress or the control group, with stress being induced by the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Salivary @entity701 levels were assessed repeatedly throughout the experiment to validate stress effects. The results support previous evidence indicating complex effects of stress on different types of memory: A pronounced working @entity2414 was associated with exposure to stress. No performance differences between groups of stressed and unstressed subjects were observed in verbal explicit memory (but note that learning and recall took place within 1 h and immediately following stress) or in implicit memory for neutral stimuli. Stress enhanced classical conditioning for negative but not positive stimuli. In addition, stress improved spatial explicit memory. These results reinforce the view that acute stress can be highly disruptive for working memory processing. They provide new evidence for the facilitating effects of stress on implicit memory for negative emotional materials. Our findings are discussed with respect to their potential relevance for @entity146 , such as post traumatic @entity66 .

title: Stress effects on working memory, explicit memory, and implicit memory for neutral and emotional stimuli in healthy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['stress disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory deficit']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: Direction selectivity and orientation selectivity were examined in the direction-selective (DS) and @entity4536 ( @entity4536 ) ganglion cells in the @entity95 retina. Spike activities were recorded in vivo using @entity5335 -in-glass electrodes. Three types of visual stimuli ( @entity11170 slit, moving edges behind a slit, and whole-field drifting gratings) were used to distinguish these attributes. Fourier analysis was performed on data obtained using drifting gratings as proposed by Worgotter and Eysel (1987). Results from both angular and Fourier (polar angle frequency) domains were consistent. DS cells had strong directional components and varying strength of orientational components; they also had intact inhibitory surrounds. The phase of the biased orientation did not have a consistent relationship with the preferred direction. @entity4536 cells had predominant orientational components and very weak directional components. We conclude that the orientation bias does not contribute to the generation of direction selectivity, and that the mechanism of this bias of DS cells is rather different from the mechanism that generates orientation selectivity in @entity95 @entity4536 cells. There are indications that it is similar to the mechanism shown to cause orientation bias in cat concentric cells.

title: Distinguishing direction selectivity from orientation selectivity in the XXXX retina.

entities_list: @entity5335 :: ('MESH:D014414', 'Chemical') :: ['tungsten']

entities_list: @entity4536 :: ('MESH:D016773', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'orientation-selective']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of anti- @entity310 on the @entity1198 and Th2 cytokines in @entity1 with @entity5145 ( @entity5145 ). METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from 20 @entity1 with active @entity5145 treated with infliximab (5 mg/kg). For comparison, PBMC were also obtained from 15 healthy controls and 19 @entity1 with active @entity309 ( @entity309 ). After stimulation with @entity4515 / @entity1360 , the intracellular cytokines interleukin (IL)2, @entity3646 , @entity688 , and interferon ( @entity379 were determined in CD3+ T cells and in CD3+/CD56+ natural killer (NK) T cells by flow cytometry. RESULTS: At baseline the percentage of T cells positive for @entity379 (p=0.020) and @entity1199 (p=0.046) was decreased in @entity1 with @entity5145 compared with healthy controls, while @entity688 (p=0.001) was increased. This cytokine profile, confirmed by the mean fluorescence intensities (MFI), was more pronounced in CD3+/CD8- cells and contrasted with higher @entity1199 production in @entity309 . NK T cells, characterised by high @entity3646 and @entity688 numbers, were also increased in @entity1 with @entity5145 (p=0.017). Treatment with infliximab induced a significant and persistent increase in @entity379 and @entity1199 in @entity1 with @entity5145 . Moreover, there was a transient decrease in @entity688 and NK T cells in @entity1 with high baseline values, resulting in values comparable with those of healthy controls. This switch in cytokine profile was seen in both the CD3+/CD8- and CD3+/CD8+ subsets. CONCLUSIONS: Before treatment @entity1 with @entity5145 had an impaired @entity1198 cytokine profile compared with healthy controls and @entity1 with @entity309 . @entity310 blockade induced restoration of the @entity1198 cytokines, resulting in a normal cytokine balance. These data confirm the effect of anti- @entity310 on the immune changes in @entity5145 , and provide insights into the mechanisms involved in @entity310 blockade.

title: Impaired @entity1198 cytokine production in XXXX is restored by anti- @entity310 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1360 :: ('MESH:D015759', 'Chemical') :: ['ionomycin']

entities_list: @entity5145 :: ('MESH:D025242', 'Disease') :: ['spondyloarthropathy', 'SpA']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity5145 :: (MESH:D025242,Disease) :: ['spondyloarthropathy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity281 are a serious problem in neonatal intensive care units, increasing morbidity and mortality in low birth weight @entity1 in addition to escalating health-care costs. Studies exploring the epidemiology of @entity7553 in developing country hospitals are rare. This retrospective case-control study aimed to evaluate epidemiology and risk factors associated with @entity7553 in a neonatal intensive care unit in Karachi, Pakistan. METHODOLOGY: Cases (neonates (age < 28 days, (n = 45) with NICU discharge diagnosis of @entity295 or @entity4963 between January 1996 and December 2006 were matched with controls (newborns with discharge diagnoses other than the above during the same study period) for gender, gestational age, and admission within 72 hours of admission of an index case. Risk factors were identified and clinical course and outcomes (discharge disposition) described. P-value and match-adjusted odds ratios were calculated. RESULTS: A frequency of 0.9% @entity4963 was documented in the NICU. The incidence was highest (46%) in VLBW (< 1500 gm). @entity5132 was the leading causative organism (55%), and neonatal risk factors identified were mechanical ventilation (> 7 days), positive bacterial culture, and duration of hospitalization of > 7 days. CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged ventilation, positive bacterial blood culture, and prolonged duration of NICU stay were the major risk factors associated with newborn @entity364 in our center. Presence of antenatal care was a significant protective factor in our subset of neonatal population.

title: Clinical spectrum and outcomes of XXXX in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['candidal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity4963 :: ('MESH:D058387', 'Disease') :: ['candidemia']

entities_list: @entity7553 :: ('MESH:D002177', 'Disease') :: ['candidiasis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Candidal infections']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal sepsis']

answer: @entity7553 :: (MESH:D002177,Disease) :: ['neonatal candidiasis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We present an in situ cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) study of mixed @entity3880 ( @entity3880 )/ @entity852 (PS) brush-grafted 67 nm @entity3440 nanoparticles in organic and aqueous solvents. These organic-inorganic nanoparticles are predicted to be environmentally responsive and adopt distinct brush layer morphologies in different solvent environments. Although the self-assembled morphology of mixed @entity3880 /PS brush-grafted particles has been studied previously in a dried state, no direct visualization of microphase separation was achieved in the solvent environment. CryoEM allows the sample to be imaged in situ, that is, in a frozen solvated state, at the resolution of a transmission electron microscope. Cryo-electron tomograms (cryoET) were generated for mixed @entity3880 /PS brush-grafted nanoparticles in both @entity6442 ( @entity9104 , a nonselective good solvent) and water (a selective solvent for @entity3880 ). Different nanostructures for the mixed brushes were observed in these two solvents. Overall, the brush layer is more compact in water, with a thickness of 18 nm, as compared with an extended layer of 27 nm in @entity9104 . In @entity9104 , mixed @entity3880 /PS brushes are observed to form laterally separated microdomains with a ripple wavelength of 13.8 nm. Because of its lower grafting density than that of @entity3880 , PS domains form more or less cylindrical or truncated cone-shaped domains in the @entity3880 matrix. In water, @entity3880 chains are found to form a more complete shell around the nanoparticle to maximize their interaction with water, whereas PS chains collapse into the core of surface-tethered micelles near the @entity3440 core. The cryoET results presented here confirm the predicted environmentally responsive nature of @entity3880 /PS mixed brush-grafted nanoparticles. This experimental approach may be useful for the design of future mixed brush-grafted nanoparticles for nano- and biotechnology applications.

title: In Situ Characterization of Binary Mixed Polymer Brush-Grafted XXXX Nanoparticles in Aqueous and Organic Solvents by Cryo-Electron Tomography.

entities_list: @entity852 :: ('MESH:D011137', 'Chemical') :: ['polystyrene']

entities_list: @entity3880 :: ('CHEBI:51133', 'Chemical') :: ['PAA', 'poly(acrylic acid)']

entities_list: @entity6442 :: ('MESH:D004126', 'Chemical') :: ['N,N-dimethylformamide']

answer: @entity3440 :: (MESH:D012822,Chemical) :: ['Silica']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: During the pregnancy the placenta and hypothalamus produce trophic hormones for @entity774 ( @entity774 ), i.e. @entity6192 ( @entity6192 ) and @entity3317 (ACTH). The @entity2270 of pregnant @entity1 is differentially modulated in comparison to non-pregnant ones. Beside @entity230 , the influence on @entity6192 release may be modulated by cytokines, especially @entity1192 and @entity650 ( @entity650 ). DESIGN: To evaluate the effects of @entity1192 and @entity650 on modulation of @entity2270 in pregnancy, we have examined the group of @entity1 with spontaneous delivery, and second group consists of @entity1 delivered after intravenous @entity398 infusion. All @entity1 were at term and in the same pregnancy age. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Blood was sampled from a maternal peripheral vein days before labour, during the second stage of labour and on the second postnatal day, the levels of @entity1192 , @entity650 , @entity6192 , ACTH and @entity701 were measured. The concentrations of hormones were measured using RIA method. RESULTS: The level of @entity1192 before the delivery was significantly higher in the group with @entity398 -induction. @entity6192 concentration before the labour was much higher in the group with spontaneous contractions. The levels of @entity1192 and @entity6192 in both groups decreased during the labour and were lowest after the delivery. Concentration of @entity650 did not changed dependently of group and time of blood sampling. Changes in @entity6192 in time concentration did not correlate with changes in ACTH levels. ACTH concentrations were similar in both groups, low before delivery raised during the delivery and low again after labour. @entity701 concentration in spontaneous labour was much lower before delivery in comparison with second examined group, then lowered during and after the delivery. In group with @entity398 induction, @entity701 levels raised during the delivery and maintained almost the same level after the labour. The time-changes in @entity1192 concentration and ACTH and @entity701 levels were similar in shape in group with spontaneous delivery. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity650 is not involved in modulation of @entity2270 in pregnancy at term. @entity1192 may modulate mother's @entity2270 , influencing the release of ACTH and @entity701 , probably via stimulation of hypothalamic @entity6192 .

title: [Influence of @entity1192 and @entity650 on modulation of @entity774 in pregnancy at term and in spontaneous and XXXX -induced delivery].

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity398 :: ('MESH:D010121', 'Chemical') :: ['oxytocin']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol', 'cortisol']

entities_list: @entity3317 :: ('MESH:D000324', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenocorticotropin']

entities_list: @entity6192 :: ('1392', 'Gene') :: ['corticotropin releasing hormone', 'CRH']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['HPA', 'hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis']

answer: @entity398 :: (MESH:D010121,Chemical) :: ['oxytocin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1963 is a common cause of neonatal @entity1321 . A variety of operations have been used to treat this neurogenic form of @entity1744 . This report describes an experience with a 1-stage abdominal and transanal pull-through operation in 15 @entity1 with @entity9916 . METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 with @entity1963 included 11 @entity1 and 4 @entity1 . Median age at diagnosis was 3 days, and median age of operation was 30 days. Diagnosis was confirmed by rectal biopsy. Biopsies to confirm the transition zone were performed intraabdominally through a left lower quadrant incision. A Swenson pull-through was performed via transanal dissection. RESULTS: There were no instances of @entity834 , wound @entity86 . All @entity1 survived. Two had @entity86 . Twelve of 15 @entity1 did well and had 2-3 bowel motions per day. One with @entity1467 had @entity1964 and required a colostomy. Two were lost to follow up. CONCLUSIONS: A one-stage transanal pull-through procedure in infancy is a safe alternative to staged procedures for @entity1963 .

title: Swenson revisited: a one-stage, transanal pull-through procedure for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leaks']

entities_list: @entity9916 :: ('MESH:D011350', 'Disease') :: ['rectosigmoid disease']

entities_list: @entity1963 :: ('MESH:D006627', 'Disease') :: ["Hirschsprung's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ["Down's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['infections or postoperative bowel obstructions', 'postoperative enterocolitis']

entities_list: @entity1964 :: ('MESH:D004760', 'Disease') :: ['enterocolitis']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['bowel obstruction']

answer: @entity1963 :: (MESH:D006627,Disease) :: ['Hirschsprung's disease']


abstract: The incidence of non-thermophilic @entity5363 species was assessed in an unselected population-based study in a mixed urban and rural community in North Jutland, Denmark. In a 2-year study period, 11,314 faecal samples from 8302 @entity1 with @entity1902 were cultured with supplement of the filter method. We recovered a high incidence of @entity11654 (annual incidence 35/100,000 inhabitants), almost as high as the common @entity5363 /coli. In contrast, there was a very low incidence of other non-thermophilic @entity5363 species, such as @entity5363 upsaliensis. @entity11654 was, unlike @entity5363 /coli, found more frequently among small @entity1 (<1 year) and the elderly (>=  65 years). Around 10% of the @entity1 with C. consisus had @entity325 dominated by @entity2718 and @entity11621 , whereas @entity325 occurred in about 5% of @entity5363 /coli @entity1 . We observed a seasonal variation in @entity5363 /coli with a peak incidence in late summer months and autumn, whereas there was an almost constant monthly prevalence of @entity11654 . Among @entity1 participating in a questionnaire sub-study, there was a higher degree of close contacts with animals, especially @entity235 , as well as a higher travel exposure among @entity5363 /coli @entity1 compared with @entity11654 @entity1 . We did not culture any @entity11654 in stool samples from a small cohort of healthy individuals. Future studies have to focus on the clinical follow-up and the long-term risk of @entity29 in @entity11654 -positive @entity1 . We conclude that there is a high incidence of @entity11654 in Denmark.

title: High incidence of XXXX in @entity1902 in North Jutland, Denmark: a population-based study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity11654 :: ('199', 'Species') :: ['C. concisus', 'Campylobacter concisus']

entities_list: @entity1902 :: ('MESH:D005759', 'Disease') :: ['gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel diseases']

entities_list: @entity11621 :: ('28901', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella enterica']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['co-infections']

entities_list: @entity2718 :: ('1496', 'Species') :: ['Clostridium difficile']

entities_list: @entity5363 :: ('197', 'Species') :: ['Campylobacter jejuni', 'Campylobacter', 'C. jejuni']

answer: @entity11654 :: (199,Species) :: ['Campylobacter concisus']


abstract: @entity56 ( @entity56 ) subjects are more sensitive to nasal irritants than nonrhinitic (NR) subjects; however, the mechanism underlying this difference is unclear. This study sought to determine whether irritant-induced nasal congestion involves mast cell degranulation. Eight @entity56 and eight NR subjects were exposed to both 1.0 parts per million @entity3878 and filtered air in separate visits; exposures were via nasal mask and lasted 15 min. Rhinomanometry was performed before, immediately after and 15 min after exposure. Following > or = 2 weeks, exposures and symptom reporting were repeated with nasal lavage, rather than rhinomanometry, pre- and postexposure. A separate substudy using rye grass antigen provided a positive control. Mast cell tryptase was measured in nasal lavage fluid from both substudies using an automated fluoroenzyme immunoassay. @entity3878 provocation significantly increased nasal airway resistance in @entity56 but not NR subjects. Conversely, tryptase levels in nasal lavage fluid were unaffected. Nasal allergen challenge significantly increased both nasal obstruction and nasal lavage tryptase in @entity56 subjects. Irritant-induced nasal congestion is more pronounced among seasonal allergic rhinitic than nonrhinitic subjects. However, unlike nasal allergen challenge, the mechanism of response to @entity3878 does not appear to involve mast cell degranulation.

title: XXXX inhalation produces nasal congestion in allergic rhinitics without mast cell degranulation.

entities_list: @entity3878 :: ('MESH:D002713', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorine', 'Chlorine']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['Seasonal allergic rhinitic', 'SAR']

answer: @entity3878 :: (MESH:D002713,Chemical) :: ['Chlorine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The United States Food and Drug Administration has changed its policy regarding product labeling of @entity565 MDIs. All @entity565 MDIs propelled by CFCs should be discarded at the discard point labeled on the canister and box. This policy is in transition with inconsistent product information given to @entity1 and physicians. Previously, @entity1 had been educated to replace the canister by observing its floating pattern in water. Now FDA labeling asks users to count the number of actuations. OBJECTIVE: To compare the discard point of sample and prescription-size Serevent (6.5 g and 13 g) and @entity2715 84 DS (5.4 g and 12.2 g) canisters to their floating pattern and total number of actuations in the canisters. DESIGN: Seven canisters each of Serevent 6.5 g and 13 g as well as @entity2715 84 DS 5.4 g and 12.2 g were shaken vigorously prior to actuation. One minute separated each actuation. The floating pattern was observed beginning at 80 percent of the discard point. This was repeated to the last actuation of the canister. RESULTS: The floating pattern (tilt point) indicative to replace the Serevent 6.5 g and 13 g canisters as well as @entity2715 84 DS 5.4 g canister occurred after the discard point was reached. CONCLUSION: Floating patterns of the 6.5 g and 13 g Serevent inhaler as well as the 5.4 g @entity2715 84 DS do not assist the @entity748 @entity1 in determining when to replace their canister. Because canisters have excess product and propellant beyond the labeled discard point, it may be possible for pharmaceutical companies to correlate the product's floating pattern to the drug concentration and particle size distribution up to and beyond the discard point. Through careful testing, floating patterns of MDIs may still be able to assist the @entity748 @entity1 in determining when to discard the canister.

title: When should your XXXX @entity1 refill their MDI propelled with chlorofluorocarbons?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity2715 :: ('MESH:D001507', 'Chemical') :: ['Vanceril']

answer: @entity748 :: (MESH:D013224,Disease) :: ['asthmatic']


abstract: The aim of this work was to correlate @entity3641 ( @entity3641 ) patterns and thyroid histology in @entity2743 ( @entity2743 ) @entity1 . Sixteen @entity1 with relapsed @entity2743 were studied. Before starting a new cycle of medical therapy with @entity3937 in decreasing doses for 3 to 6 months (baseline study), the @entity1 underwent functional, autoimmune, and @entity3641 studies. The same studies were carried out again just before surgery (presurgical study) after medical therapy had produced a normalization of thyroid hormone serum levels. The thyroid glands were histologically examined and their patterns were compared with @entity3641 patterns. Thirty-three normal subjects were used as a control group. At baseline, 6 @entity1 (group I) had intraparenchymal homogeneous vascular color spots or diffusely distributed over the parenchyma lobe or in areas alternating with avascular zones ( @entity3641 -A pattern). In 8 @entity1 (group II) the thyroid had vascular bands with avascular or poorly vascularized parenchymal areas ( @entity3641 -B pattern). In 2 @entity1 , the 2 patterns were present in the same thyroid (A-B pattern or mixed pattern). In these 2 @entity1 the histological aspects were more similar to the @entity3641 -B pattern than the @entity3641 -A pattern. The 2 groups of @entity1 differed in the velocity of systolic peak (VP) that was significantly higher in group I than in group II. In the presurgical study, no changes relative to @entity3641 patterns were observed in @entity1 groups I and II. The VP did not show any appreciable modifications in either group of @entity1 . The thyrotropin-stimulating antibodies (TRAb) returned to normal levels in group II, but not in group I. The 2 @entity3641 patterns, observed in the baseline study, were histologically characterized either by a richly vascularized parenchyma with @entity1373 ( @entity5651 , @entity3641 -A) or by fibrotic septation with prevalent @entity455 ( @entity3641 -B). In conclusion, this @entity3641 study in @entity2743 @entity1 showed 2 distinct vascular patterns. The thyroid glands were histologically characterized by either a richly capillary vascularized parenchyma ( @entity5651 , @entity3641 -A aspect) or by fibrotic septation with prevalent @entity1373 ( @entity5651 , @entity3641 -B aspect). Such differences may be secondary to a different duration of @entity1378 and/or intensity of TRAb thyroid stimulation.

title: Color Doppler sonography patterns related to histological findings in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular intimal hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity3937 :: ('MESH:D008713', 'Chemical') :: ['methimazole']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["hyperthyroid Graves' disease", 'GD']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['prevalent endothelial hyperplasia', 'intraseptal arteriolar-like hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity5651 :: ('MESH:D006042', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous goiter', 'parenchymatous goiter']

entities_list: @entity3641 :: ('MESH:D003117', 'Disease') :: ['color duplex sonography', 'CDS']

answer: @entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['Graves' disease']


abstract: The present study investigates the receptor and mechanisms involved in @entity855 -stimulated @entity1810 ( @entity1810 ) mRNA expression of a type-2 astrocyte cell line, RBA-2. RT-PCR analysis revealed that RBA-2 type-2 astrocytes possess abundant @entity22753 and @entity23621 (7) receptors. @entity855 and @entity23621 (7) receptor-sensitive agonist, @entity22657 , both stimulated @entity1810 mRNA expression in a time and dose-dependent manner. The stimulation required a minimum of 500 muM @entity855 ; @entity22657 was much more potent that @entity855 , and @entity23621 (7)-selective antagonist, @entity64554 , inhibited the effects. In addition, @entity855 metabolites @entity857 , @entity860 and @entity859 were ineffective in stimulation of @entity1810 mRNA expression. Thus, the effect of @entity855 was mediated through the P2X(7) receptors. To investigate further the mechanisms by which the P2X(7) receptor mediated the @entity1810 mRNA expression, the cells were treated with inhibitors for mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) or @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ), @entity4286 or @entity11009 , respectively. Both @entity4286 and @entity11009 inhibited the @entity855 -stimulated @entity1810 mRNA expression. Furthermore, @entity855 and @entity22657 stimulated @entity2508 activation and the activation was inhibited by @entity7131 inhibitors, @entity11009 and G  6976. In conclusion, activation of P2X(7) receptors enhanced @entity1810 mRNA expression and the effect involved @entity7131 /MAPK signalling pathway in RBA-2 type-2 astrocytes.

title: Activation of P2X7 purinoceptor-stimulated XXXX mRNA expression involves @entity7131 /MAPK signalling pathway in a rat brain-derived type-2 astrocyte cell line, RBA-2.

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity23621 :: ('p|SUB|P|2|X', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['P2X']

entities_list: @entity7131 :: ('MESH:D020151', 'Disease') :: ['protein kinase C', 'PKC']

entities_list: @entity1810 :: ('59086(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-beta 1', 'transforming growth factor-beta 1']

answer: @entity1810 :: (59086(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['TGF-beta 1']


abstract: Seventy-three @entity1 were treated with either intrafocal pinning (Kapandji technique) alone or in combination with external fixation between 1988 and 1993 for extra-articular @entity174 of the distal radius (with or without a nondisplaced extension into the radiocarpal articular surface) with inadequate alignment after initial closed reduction. Sixty-one @entity1 were available for follow-up examination at an average of 34 months (range, 24-71 months). The average age was 52 years (range, 16-84 years). Thirty-three of the @entity1 were female. The @entity1 all had dorsally displaced extra-articular @entity174 , although 56% had a nondisplaced extension of the @entity174 into the radiocarpal joint and 46% had a nondisplaced @entity174 extending into the distal radioulnar joint. The @entity1 were separated into groups based on age, degree of comminution, and whether external fixation was also used. In the older @entity1 , range of motion, grip strength, and @entity158 relief were significantly better when external fixation was used, even when only 1 cortex of the radius demonstrated comminution. In the younger @entity1 , good results in terms of range of motion, grip strength, and @entity158 relief were obtained when percutaneous intrafocal pins were used alone in @entity1 with comminution of only 1 surface of the radius (<50% of the metaphyseal diameter). When > or = 2 sides of the radial metaphysis were comminuted, the @entity1 with external fixation had better results than those without external fixation. Although the correction of palmar tilt and radial tilt did result in better functional results, the restoration of radial length had the most significant effect on range of motion and grip strength.

title: Intrafocal (Kapandji) pinning of distal radius XXXX with and without external fixation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: After a brief review of the anatomic and physiological features of the microcirculatory system, the Authors describe a new interpretation of skin @entity4 in acute diffuse infantile @entity631 , in Henoch-Sch  nlein's purpura, in @entity20436 and in @entity573 . They attribute the cellular swelling typical of elastic @entity4 of these diseases to @entity1576 due to reduced tissue perfusion following insufficient circulation in real capillaries. The ensuring drop in energy is rapidly resolved by use of very small doses of a @entity460 antagonist, @entity18117 , which also affects hemorheology. The Authors refer to works which regard the microcirculatory hypothesis in encephalic pathology (similar to that arising in subjects who live at high altitudes where @entity26 is scarce), in cranial @entity130 and in @entity308 . The Authors describe the surprising find, following a fortuitous observation, that in certain forms of hepato-splenomegaly--among which a case of @entity381 and initial @entity82 --three hours after the administration of doses of @entity18117 ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 mg/kg, the liver and spleen considerably reduced in volume, followed by the @entity1 ' ensuing excellent general conditions and functionality of their organs. The article then references many other Authors who in the course of time have acknowledged the fact that @entity519 stimulates proliferation, even of osteoblasts. Mention is made of the fact that many medications and therapeutic measures may cause vasoconstriction at microcirculatory system level, similarly to several antineoplastic drugs, X-rays, hyperbaric @entity26 treatment, as well as @entity130 , low environmental temperatures and surgical operations. For this reason, in order to contrast vasoconstriction in many pathological conditions and in certain therapies, the Authors suggest the addition of the use of @entity460 antagonists to usual therapy. This conclusion is reached in consideration of the fundamental fact that the @entity7493 arising in the hypoperfused tissue areas allow an accumulation of @entity1522 , mainly deriving from protein disgregation, used with a low consumption of energy to synthesize a great number of simplified proteins. Final reference is made to the concept expressed on @entity519 and simplified structural proliferation in an article published in "Medical Hypotheses" of 1995 referring to neoplastic promotion.

title: [Compromised tissue perfusion for defective microcirculation in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity7493 :: ('MESH:D011502', 'Disease') :: ['energy deficiency']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['psychic depression']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity573 :: ('MESH:C537014', 'Disease') :: ["Kawasaki's disease"]

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema', 'edema']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity18117 :: ('CHEBI:3647', 'Chemical') :: ['chloropromazine']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly with hepato-megaly']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory deficiency']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumas', 'trauma']

entities_list: @entity20436 :: ('MESH:D009107', 'Disease') :: ['epidemic parotitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']