abstract: INTRODUCTION: Based on randomised controlled trials, evidence exists that early supported discharge (ESD) from the hospital with continued rehabilitation at home has beneficial effects after @entity64 ; however, the effects of ESD service in regular clinical practice have not been investigated. The purpose of the current study was to compare ESD service with conventional rehabilitation in terms of @entity1 outcomes, caregiver burden at 3 and 12 months and the use and costs of healthcare during the first year after @entity64 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was a subgroup analysis of a longitudinal observational study of @entity1 who received care in the @entity64 unit at Karolinska University Hospital in Sweden. @entity1 who met the inclusion criteria for ESD in previous experimental studies were included. The @entity1 were referred to available rehabilitation services at discharge, and comparisons between those who received ESD service (the ESD group, n = 40) and those who received conventional rehabilitation (the NoESD group, n = 110) were performed with regard to independence in activities of daily living (ADL), the frequency of social activities, life satisfaction, and caregiver burden and the use and costs of healthcare during the first year after @entity64 . RESULTS: At 3 and 12 months, no differences were observed with regard to @entity1 outcomes; however, ESD was associated with a lower caregiver burden (p = 0.01) at 12 months. The initial length of stay (LOS) at the hospital was 8 days for the ESD group and 15 days for the NoESD group (p = 0.02). The median number of outpatient rehabilitation contacts was 20.5 for the ESD group (81% constituting ESD service) and 3 for the NoESD group (p<0.001). There was no difference between the groups with regard to overall healthcare costs. CONCLUSIONS: ESD service in usual clinical practice renders similar health benefits as conventional rehabilitation but a different pattern of resource use and with released capacity in @entity64 .

title: Usual Clinical Practice for Early Supported Discharge after XXXX with Continued Rehabilitation at Home: An Observational Comparative Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['acute stroke care', 'stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: This is a report on 60 consecutive @entity1 with @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) who received an allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) in this Unit. Donors were HLA-identical siblings (SIB) (n = 36) or unrelated donors (MUD) (n = 24) matched by serology for @entity2149 and by molecular biology for HLA DR. All @entity1 were prepared with @entity786 120 mg/kg and fractionated total body irradiation 10-12 Gy. GVHD prophylaxis consisted of @entity205 (CsA) starting on day -7 and short-course methotrexate. Bone marrow was unmanipulated in all cases. @entity2803 prophylaxis consisted of @entity1033 for SIBs and foscarnet for @entity46139 . When compared to SIB transplants, MUD @entity1 were younger (29 vs 36 years; P = 0.002), had younger donors (31 vs 39; P = 0.001), had a longer interval between diagnosis and BMT (1459 vs 263 days; P < 0.001) and received a smaller number of nucleated cells at transplant (3.3 vs 4.4 x 10(8)/kg; P = 0.003). More @entity46139 had advanced disease (50 vs 17%, P = 0.005). The median day to 0.5 x 10(9)/l neutrophils was similar in both groups (18 days for SIBs vs 17 days for @entity46139 ; P = 0.06); the median platelet count on days +30, +50, +100 was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in SIB than in MUD @entity1 (122 vs 38, 113 vs 50 and 97 vs 45 x 10(9)/l, respectively). Acute GVHD was scored as absent-mild, moderate, or severe, in 36, 58 and 6% of SIBs vs 25, 42 and 33% in MUD @entity1 (P = 0.01). @entity102 was comparable (P = 0.1). The actuarial risk of CMV antigenemia at 1 year was 60% in both groups. There were six @entity204 in SIB @entity1 (two @entity1778 , two @entity281 , one GVHD, one @entity55 ) and four @entity204 in MUD @entity1 (three acute GVHD and one @entity281 ). Fifty @entity1 survive with a median follow-up of 656 days for SIBs and 485 for @entity46139 . The actuarial 3-year transplant-related mortality is 12% in SIBs and 17% in @entity46139 (P = 0.5); the actuarial relapse is 18% in SIBs vs 6% in @entity46139 (P = 0.4) and 3-year survival 78% in SIBs vs 82% in @entity46139 (P = 0.7). This study suggests that survival of @entity1860 @entity1 after marrow transplantation from unrelated or sibling donors is currently similar, provided the former are well matched. The increased incidence of GVHD in MUD @entity1 is possibly compensated by a lower risk of relapse.

title: Bone marrow transplantation for XXXX ( @entity1860 ) from unrelated and sibling donors: single center experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2803 :: ('MESH:D003586', 'Disease') :: ['Cytomegalovirus']

entities_list: @entity1033 :: ('MESH:D000212', 'Chemical') :: ['acyclovir']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic GVHD']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin A']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'chronic myeloid leukemia']

answer: @entity1860 :: (MESH:D015464,Disease) :: ['chronic myeloid leukemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the epidemiology of microbiologically documented @entity2348 and the resistance pattern, among @entity5 @entity1 undergoing treatment at RGCIRC, Delhi. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective observational study in which culture reports obtained over 1 year in 2013, were analyzed. RESULTS: 13329 cultures were obtained over 1 year in 2013 and were analyzed. 23.6 % samples showed positive culture with majority being gram negative isolates (67.9 %). @entity526 was the commonest gram negative isolate (49.4%) followed by klebsella (29.7%) and Staph. aureus was the commonest gram positive isolate. There was high incidence of ESBL in blood and urine (87.2% _ 88.5%) and BLBLI were also high (78% _ 83.9%). @entity2893 resistance was comparatively low (10%) and @entity3273 sensitivity was quiet high (> 95%). CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of @entity794 and VRE in our institute is very less, whereas prevalence of ESBLs and BLBLI isolates amongst gram negative infections is around 80%. Gram negative isolates had poor sensitivity to @entity2886 and @entity2887 .

title: Epidemiology and resistance pattern of bacterial isolates among @entity5 XXXX in a Tertiary Care Oncology Centre in North India.

entities_list: @entity3273 :: ('MESH:D003091', 'Chemical') :: ['colistin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity2886 :: ('MESH:D002511', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporins']

entities_list: @entity2887 :: ('MESH:D024841', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoroquinolones']

entities_list: @entity2893 :: ('CHEBI:46765', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbapenem']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In @entity1 with @entity1544 metastatic disease in lymph nodes still remains the single most important negative predicting factor and when detected, it reduces overall 5-year survival by 50%. The aim of the study was to evaluate contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) with computed tomography perfusion ( @entity93 ) examination in order to differentiate malignant from non-malignant cervical lymph nodes in @entity1 with @entity1544 and larynx. MATERIAL/METHODS: This was a prospective three-center study. From November 2007 until March 2010 33 consecutive @entity1 with @entity1544 and 27 @entity1 with @entity5 underwent computed tomography (CT) examination followed by @entity93 . During first part of examination 80 ml of contrast was administered, with flow rate 1 ml/s and 100 s delay; standard head and neck examination was performed. Next, perfusion images were acquired with the coverage of 8 cm and different groups of lymph nodes were evaluated - groups II, III, IV and V. Perfusion maps for basic parameters (blood flow [BF], blood volume [BV], mean transit time [ @entity98 ] and permeability surface [PS]) were reconstructed for all @entity1 using dedicated software. The long and short axis diameters, the density of the node before and after contrast medium administration and average values of each perfusion parameter were calculated for every node separately. Results were compared with histologic analysis of resected nodes. RESULTS: Out of the total number of 293 nodes evaluated on CECT and @entity93 it was possible to correlate 208 resected nodes with histologic findings. 125 of them were proven to be malignant and 83 were benign. Malignant nodes showed remarkably higher density and hyperperfusion, comparing to benign ones. The average density values in Hounsfield units (HU) for cervical nodes were: 91.9HU for metastatic comparing to 72.3 HU for non-metastatic, but this difference did not show statistical significance. The average value of BF in malignant nodes was 136.4 ml/100g/min, BV was 7.7 ml/100g, @entity98 was 4.4s and PS was 19.4 ml/100g/min. The average values for benign nodes were: BF was 80.7 ml/100g/min, BV was 4.7 ml/100g, @entity98 was 5.6s and PS was 12.8 ml/100g/min. Comparing to non-malignant nodes, malignant ones showed significantly higher BF, BV and PS values (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although CECT findings may draw our attention, pointing at abnormal morphology of the node, @entity93 seems to provide additional functional information regarding its possible @entity5 . @entity93 may be useful in differentiation between malignant and benign lymph nodes, based on evaluation of the value of BF, BV and PS.

title: XXXX and larynx - evaluation of metastatic nodal disease based on computed tomography perfusion studies.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell cancer of hypopharynx', 'squamous cell cancer of the hypopharynx', 'squamous cell cancer']

answer: @entity1544 :: (MESH:D018307,Disease) :: ['Squamous cell cancer of hypopharynx']


abstract: Purpose: To evaluate @entity51045 ( @entity51045 ) dilation by computed tomography (CT) in @entity1 with intact gallbladders and diameter change over time in remote and interval cholecystectomy @entity1 , frequency of visualization of the @entity51045 , and its relationship to age. Methods: This IRB-approved retrospective study evaluated baseline @entity51045 diameter, intrahepatic @entity384 , and interval duct diameter change in @entity1 with CTs  >=   2  years apart (n  =  324), in block-randomized order by two blinded board-certified radiologists. 272 @entity1 were divided into three groups: (1) prior cholecystectomy before the first CT, (2) cholecystectomy between the first and last CTs, and (3) no cholecystectomy. A subset of 191 nonoperated @entity1 was evaluated for age-related dilation. Results: Group 1 ducts were significantly larger than the other groups at both baseline and follow-up CTs (p  <  0.001). Group 2 showed a greater increase in duct size than the other groups at follow-up (p  <  0.001). The @entity51045 was measurable in 89% of the CT studies. In nonoperated @entity1 , there was a statistically significant correlation between @entity51045 size and increasing age (p  <  0.001), although the @entity51045 size remained within normal size limits. Conclusion: Remote cholecystectomy @entity1 have larger @entity51045 diameters than the nonoperated and interval cholecystectomy groups. Greater increase in ductal diameter occurred between studies in the interval cholecystectomy @entity1 , suggesting that dilation occurs after cholecystectomy. Also, the @entity51045 dilates slightly with age in nonoperated @entity1 .

title: CT evaluation of XXXX dilation after cholecystectomy and with advancing age.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['biliary dilation']

answer: @entity51045 :: (MESH:D003137,Disease) :: ['common duct']


abstract: Clinically mild @entity198 / @entity75 with a reversible @entity75 ( @entity7822 ) has been recently proposed as a clinical-radiological syndrome. Several causes of @entity7822 have been reported including @entity166 . We present herein on a case of @entity7822 induced by @entity779 in a Japanese traveler. A 48-year-old male returning from Thailand and Cambodia was admitted for an unknown @entity221 . Following admission, the dengue virus was diagnosed with a positive RT-PCR result. On day 5 of the illness, regardless of reduced @entity221 , @entity425 suddenly developed in both upper limbs. A cerebral MRI showed hyperintensities in the splenium of the corpus callosum on T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted images. The symptoms resolved completely within two days of onset. The @entity1 was diagnosed as having @entity7822 due to the MRI features and the mild clinical course. Although only a few cases of @entity7822 caused by @entity779 have been reported, the condition is possibly underdiagnosed. It is hypothesized that @entity779 can induce @entity7822 as @entity779 can cause increased endothelium permeability and hypo- @entity1372 which have been proposed in the pathogenesis of @entity7822 . However, there is currently limited evidence for this. Further research is recommended to demonstrate a causal association between @entity779 and @entity7822 .

title: [A Case of Clinically Mild @entity198 / XXXX with a Reversible @entity75 due to @entity779 ].

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['splenial lesion', 'encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity779 :: ('MESH:D003715', 'Disease') :: ['dengue fever']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['encephalopathy']


abstract: AIMS: To determine pathological features that predict survival in @entity1 having repeat craniotomy within 6 months of radiotherapy for high-grade @entity11 (HGG). MATERIALS AND METHODS: HGG @entity1 (World Health Organization grade 3/4) managed with repeat craniotomy within 6 months of completing radiotherapy between 2008 and 2012 were included. Based on the presence of @entity5 cells, the pathology was reported as pathological progression or pathological pseudoprogression. The proliferation index (Ki67) was reported and compared with initial pathology as a percentage change. Tumour @entity39 was estimated as a percentage of the specimen. Overall survival was calculated in months. RESULTS: Of 327 @entity1 managed with HGG, 27 @entity1 underwent repeat craniotomy within 6 months of radiotherapy. The median survival after reoperation was 11 months (95% confidence interval 1-22). Ki67 at reoperation of 0%, 1-9% and >10% was associated with survival with a median survival of 13, 13 and 3 months, respectively (P  =  0.007). Change in Ki67 was also associated with median survival, with <50% reduction median survival 3 months, 50-80% median survival 7 months and >80% reduction median survival 13 months, P  =  0.02. Widespread treatment-related @entity39 improved outcome, with >80% @entity39 having a median survival of 13 months versus 3 months in those with <80% @entity39 (P  =  0.003). CONCLUSION: The presence of @entity5 at repeat craniotomy within 6 months of radiotherapy is not an independent indicator of prognosis. @entity1 with @entity5 that had a low Ki67 had a similar median survival as those with only treatment @entity39 . Reduced proliferation of @entity5 cells and widespread @entity39 may be more important indicators for future outcome.

title: Proliferation Index Predicts Survival after Second Craniotomy within 6 Months of Adjuvant Radiotherapy for High-grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumour']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['Glioma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE:     To evaluate the extent to which different types of @entity3232 influence the development of affective/romantic relationships among young adults of both sexes. MATERIALS AND METHODS:     A cross-sectional study was conducted with 360 @entity1 and @entity1 ranging in age from 18 years to 25 years. Criteria for exclusion from the sample were the following: @entity1 could not be married, @entity227 , or students of a higher education course in the area of health. In this study, images of young adult @entity1 and @entity1 in the same age range as that of the evaluators were used. These images were manipulated to create different types of @entity3232 : @entity14773 , open bite, crowding, gingival (or gummy) smile, little exposure of teeth. Six groups of images containing six images each were formed and consisted of two experimental images (digitally manipulated) and four control images. These images were provided to the @entity1 , who evaluated them by means of a questionnaire and a visual analog scale. The Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, chi-square, and Fisher exact tests were used for data analysis. RESULTS:     All @entity3232 had a negative impact on acceptance by the evaluators for the purposes of affective/romantic relationships, with crowding being the type of @entity3232 that led to the highest level of rejection (P < .01). CONCLUSION:     Malocclusions have a negative influence on the development of affective/romantic relationships among young adults. Individuals with @entity432 are seen in a more positive light, from the perspective of affective life.

title: Impact of XXXX on affective/romantic relationships among young adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visually impaired']

entities_list: @entity3232 :: ('MESH:D008310', 'Disease') :: ['malocclusions', 'malocclusion']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['good occlusion']

answer: @entity3232 :: (MESH:D008310,Disease) :: ['malocclusion']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Approximately 10  % of the population worldwide suffers from @entity393 ( @entity393 ) and about 60  % of @entity1 with early onset @entity393 have hereditary @entity393 due to genetic mutations. Highly efficient mutagenesis in @entity19 with the chemical mutagen, @entity330 ( @entity331 ), associated with relevant phenotypic tools represents a powerful approach in producing @entity19 models for @entity393 . A benefit of this strategy is to generate alleles to form a series revealing the full spectrum of gene function in vivo. It can also mimic the range of @entity1 mutations and polymorphisms for @entity393 . In the course of a genome @entity331 mutagenesis program, we selected a new @entity19 model for @entity393 based on a dysmorphological screen. We identified by gene mapping the mutation responsible for this phenotype and characterized it at the histological level of the inner ear and evaluated the vestibule by following the recommendations of the standard operating procedures, IMPReSS. We have identified and characterized a new recessive allele of the @entity69613 gene, @entity69613 (vbd/vbd) , due to a homozygous one base pair substitution at the splice donor site of intron 29. This mutation leads to a frame-shift and a premature stop codon. We observed a decrease in the amount of sensory cells in the maculae of @entity69613 (vbd/vbd) @entity19 as well as an apparent drastically decreased density to almost absence of the otoconial membrane. Compared to @entity69613 (tm1Prs) and twister, the two other existing @entity69613 alleles, the detailed analysis of @entity69613 (vbd/vbd) revealed that these @entity19 share some common behavioural characteristics either with @entity69613 (tm1Prs) or twister whereas the fine vestibular phenotype and the @entity393 are different. Our results emphasize the importance of detecting and characterizing a new allele of a gene in order to get comprehensive information about the gene function.

title: A new @entity69613 XXXX @entity19 model for autosomal-recessive nonsyndromic moderate hearing impairment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity330 :: ('MESH:D005038', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylnitrosourea']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['HL', 'hearing loss', 'hearing defect', 'hearing impairment']

answer: @entity331 :: (CHEBI:23995,Chemical) :: ['ENU']


abstract: @entity1091 is a specific inhibitor of @entity9459 , and hence, an activator of the Wnt/ @entity3546 pathway, whereas the @entity4179 ( @entity4179 ) has been linked to @entity5 cells. Both pathways are aberrantly activated in most @entity14 ( @entity14 ). However, the relationship between them in modulating events related to the progression of this @entity5 to be defined. In this study, we investigated whether the Wnt/ @entity3546 and @entity470 pathways converge to modulate the malignant potential of @entity14 . We used Caco-2 cells, a well-established model used to study @entity14 , and treatments with @entity13557 , as a modulator of the Wnt/ @entity3546 pathway, and with @entity4179 as an inducer of @entity470 signaling. We found that both agents altered the subcellular distribution of @entity3670 and @entity3546 , two important proteins of the apical junctional complex, but not their abundance in the cell. Nuclear stabilization of @entity3546 , a marker of Wnt pathway activation, was observed after treatment with both compounds. However, @entity1091 , but not @entity4179 , inhibited @entity9459 , indicating that these agents modulate this enzyme in a differential fashion. Furthermore, @entity4179 treatment increased the proliferative and migratory capacity but did not alter the colony formation potential of these cells. Surprisingly, @entity1091 , known to activate the Wnt/ @entity3546 pathway, inhibited the increased proliferation by arresting cells in the G2/M phase as well as the cell migration promoted by @entity4179 , as demonstrated by the combined treatment with these agents. @entity1091 treatment alone reduced the cell colony formation. Thus, our findings suggest that @entity1091 plays an important role in regulating cellular events related to @entity5 progression in @entity14 .

title: @entity1091 reduces tumorigenic potential in response to XXXX signaling in human @entity14 cells.

entities_list: @entity13557 :: ('MESH:D018021', 'Chemical') :: ['lithium chloride']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant transformation in epithelial cancer', 'cancer type remains']

entities_list: @entity4179 :: ('1950', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor', 'EGF']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'CRC', 'CRCs']

entities_list: @entity1091 :: ('MESH:D008094', 'Chemical') :: ['Lithium', 'lithium']

answer: @entity4179 :: (1950,Gene) :: ['EGF']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3957 ( @entity3958 ) is the last gaseous transmitter identified in mammals, and previous studies have reported disparate conclusions regarding the implication of @entity3958 in @entity5 progression. In the present study, we hypothesized that @entity8835 ( @entity8835 ), a fast @entity3958 -releasing donor, might interfere with the mitochondrial respiratory chain of @entity5 cells, increase @entity5 oxygenation, and potentiate the response to irradiation. Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) oximetry, we found a rapid increase in @entity5 @entity4095 after @entity8835 administration (0.1 mmol/kg) in two @entity1 @entity5 models ( @entity0 ), an effect that was due to a decreased @entity26 consumption and an increased @entity5 perfusion. @entity5 irradiated 15 minutes after a single @entity8835 administration were more sensitive to irradiation compared with those that received irradiation alone (increase in growth delay by 50%). This radiosensitization was due to the @entity26 effect, as the @entity851 was abolished when temporarily clamped @entity5 were irradiated. In contrast, daily @entity8835 injection (0.1 mmol/kg/day for 14 days) did not provide any effect on @entity5 growth in vivo. To understand these paradoxical data, we analyzed the impact of external factors on the cellular response to @entity8835 . We found that extracellular pH had a dramatic effect on the cell response to @entity8835 , as the proliferation rate (measured in vitro by @entity1603 incorporation) was increased at pH = 7.4, but decreased at pH = 6.5. Overall, our study highlights the complex role of environmental components in the response of @entity5 cells to @entity3958 and suggests a new approach for the use of @entity3958 donors in combination with radiotherapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(1); 1-8.   2015 AACR.

title: A Fast XXXX -Releasing Donor Increases the Tumor Response to Radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['increased growth delay']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast MDA-MB-231 and cervix SiHa']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity8835 :: ('MESH:C025451', 'Chemical') :: ['NaHS', 'sodium hydrosulfide']

entities_list: @entity3957 :: ('MESH:D006862', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydrogen sulfide']

answer: @entity3957 :: (MESH:D006862,Chemical) :: ['Hydrogen Sulfide']


abstract: PURPOSE: Applying current diagnostic methods, overt CNS involvement is a rare event in childhood @entity981 ( @entity981 ). In contrast, CNS-directed therapy is essential for all @entity1 with @entity981 because without it, the majority of @entity1 eventually will experience relapse. To approach this discrepancy and to explore potential distinct biologic properties of leukemic cells that migrate into the CNS, we compared gene expression profiles of childhood @entity981 @entity1 with initial CNS involvement with the profiles of CNS-negative @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We evaluated leukemic gene expression profiles from the bone marrow of 17 CNS-positive @entity1 and 26 CNS-negative @entity1 who were frequency matched for risk factors associated with CNS involvement. Results were confirmed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and validated using independent @entity1 samples. RESULTS: @entity8252 ( @entity8252 ) expression was consistently upregulated in leukemic cells of CNS-positive @entity1 compared with CNS-negative @entity1 . In multivariate analysis, @entity8252 expression levels greater than the median were associated with CNS involvement compared with expression equal to or less than the median (odds ratio [OR] = 10.70; 95% CI, 2.95 to 38.81). Diagnostic likelihood ratios for CNS positivity were 0.09 (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.65) for the first and 6.93 (95% CI, 2.55 to 18.83) for the fourth @entity8252 expression quartiles. In @entity1 who were CNS negative at diagnosis, @entity8252 levels greater than the median were associated with subsequent CNS relapse compared with expression equal to or less than the median (OR = 13.80; 95% CI, 3.38 to 56.31). CONCLUSION: Quantification of leukemic @entity8252 expression at diagnosis predicts CNS status and could be a new tool to further tailor CNS-directed therapy in childhood @entity981 .

title: High @entity8252 expression characterizes childhood XXXX with involvement of the CNS.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To clarify the incidence and background of clinical relapse (escape phenomenon) during low-dose @entity1499 therapy for @entity309 . METHODS: Seventy one @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ) were analyzed. They were started on therapy with @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) between April 1, 1991 and May 30, 1995. Among them, 60 @entity1 showed clinical improvement within 6 months after the start of the therapy and were subjected to the analysis for clinical relapse (escape phenomenon). RESULTS: Twelve @entity1 showed an initial improvement followed by a relapse with increased serum CRP and number of @entity158 joints despite the @entity1500 therapy was continued. Two types of the relapses were seen; (1) early, escape (relapse after an initial brief improvement) in 7 @entity1 , and (2) late escape (relapse after a long-term improvement with @entity1500 therapy) in 5 @entity1 . The early escape was seen at 9.0 +/- 0.7 months after the start of therapy while the late escape was seen at 23.3 +/- 4.8 months. @entity1 with both types of escape phenomenon had the longer duration of the disease and more advanced stage. There was no relationship between clinical relapse and age, baseline @entity309 activity, @entity1500 dose, or concurrent use of corticosteroids and other disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. The efficacy of @entity1500 for @entity309 was restored by increasing dose of @entity1500 in 11 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: These results suggest that clinical relapse is not rare in @entity309 @entity1 during low-dose @entity1499 therapy, but could be improved by increasing dose.

title: [Clinical relapse of XXXX (escape phenomenon) during low-dose @entity1499 therapy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a specific instrument to measure lifestyle of @entity6 ( @entity4989 ) @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A longitudinal, observational, prospective study was conducted between March 2001 and April 2002 at family medicine healthcare units of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (Mexican Institute of Social Security (MISS)) in Mexico State's East District. A self-administered instrument (instrument to measure @entity6 lifestyles, IMEVID) was designed to measure the lifestyles of @entity6 @entity1 . It was submitted for review by a multidisciplinary group of experts who assessed its logical and content validity to measure the lifestyle in @entity4989 @entity1 . The instrument was administered on two different days to 412 adult subjects with @entity4989 . Some items were excluded on the basis of the frequency with which their answer choices were selected, as well as the item-total correlation, and the item's significant loads in several domains in factorial analysis. RESULTS: The sample population consisted of 389 (94.7% response) subjects who completed the study. Intraclass correlation coefficients for logical and content validity were 0.91 and 0.95 respectively. After depuration of items, the instrument had 25 closed items grouped in 7 domains: nutrition, physical activity, @entity286 consumption, @entity167 consumption, information on @entity6 , and therapeutic adherence. The global rating of the questionnaire had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.81 and a test-retest correlation coefficient of 0.84. CONCLUSIONS: The specific questionnaire IMEVID is the first to measure the lifestyle in subjects with @entity4989 . It has logical validity, content validity, and a good level of consistency.

title: [Development and initial validation of an instrument to measure the lifestyles of @entity6 XXXX 2].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes, emotions', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimal means of achieving therapeutic oral anticoagulation in the outpatient setting has not been determined. OBJECTIVE: To compare a 10-mg dosing nomogram with a 5-mg nomogram that has been suggested to be sufficient for @entity1229 initiation. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled clinical trial. SETTING: Outpatient @entity1211 services of four tertiary care hospitals. @entity1 : 201 of 210 consecutive @entity1 with objectively confirmed diagnoses of @entity1211 . INTERVENTION: All @entity1 were treated with subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin for a minimum of 5 days until a therapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) was achieved. @entity1 were randomly assigned to initially receive a 10-mg or 5-mg dose of @entity1229 . MEASUREMENTS: The primary end point was time in days to therapeutic INR. Secondary end points were the proportion of @entity1 who had achieved a therapeutic INR by day 5, the total number of INR assessments, the number of INR measurements greater than 5.0, incidence of recurrent @entity1211 and @entity548 , and survival. RESULTS: 210 consecutive @entity1 met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 9 were excluded and 201 were randomly assigned to study groups (104 to the 10-mg group and 97 to the 5-mg group). Demographic characteristics of both groups were similar. @entity1 in the 10-mg group achieved therapeutic INR 1.4 days earlier than @entity1 in the 5-mg group (P < 0.001). Eighty-three percent of @entity1 in the 10-mg group achieved a therapeutic INR by day 5 versus 46% in the 5-mg group (P < 0.001). Fewer INR assessments were performed in the 10-mg group than in the 5-mg group (8.1 vs. 9.1; P = 0.04). There were no significant differences between the two groups in recurrent events, @entity548 , survival, and number of INR measurements greater than 5.0. CONCLUSION: The 10-mg @entity1229 initiation nomogram is superior to the 5-mg nomogram because it allows more rapid achievement of a therapeutic INR.

title: Comparison of 10-mg and 5-mg @entity1229 initiation nomograms together with low-molecular-weight heparin for outpatient treatment of XXXX . A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['acute venous thromboembolism', 'venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['major bleeding']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['acute venous thromboembolism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity453 ( @entity453 ) is the leading cause of @entity1 morbidity and mortality worldwide, underscoring the need to improve diagnostic strategies. Platelets play a major role, not only in the process of acute @entity715 during @entity397 , but also in the formation of @entity731 itself. MicroRNAs are endogenous small non-coding RNAs that control gene expression and are expressed in a tissue and disease-specific manner. Therefore they have been proposed to be useful biomarkers. It remains unknown whether differences in miRNA expression levels in platelets can be found between @entity1 with premature @entity453 and healthy controls. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In this case-control study we measured relative expression levels of platelet miRNAs using microarrays from 12 @entity1 with premature @entity453 and 12 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Six platelet microRNAs were significantly upregulated ( @entity9068 *, @entity15851 , @entity24629 *, @entity59697 :9.1. @entity69481 -5p and @entity69482 *) and one miRNA (miR1280) was significantly downregulated in @entity1 with @entity453 as compared to healthy controls. To validate these results, we measured the expression levels of these candidate miRNAs by qRT-PCR in platelets of individuals from two independent cohorts; validation cohort I consisted of 40 @entity1 with premature @entity453 and 40 healthy controls and validation cohort II consisted of 27 @entity1 with @entity455 and 40 healthy relatives. @entity9068 * and @entity69482 * were confirmed to be upregulated in @entity1 with @entity453 as compared to healthy controls in both validation cohorts. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Two miRNAs in platelets are significantly upregulated in @entity1 with @entity453 as compared to healthy controls. Whether the two identified miRNAs can be used as biomarkers and whether they are cause or consequence of the disease remains to be elucidated in a larger prospective study.

title: Platelets in @entity1 with premature coronary XXXX exhibit upregulation of miRNA340* and miRNA624*.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['artery disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['plaque rupture']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary artery disease', 'CAD']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['artery disease']


abstract: The purpose of the present investigation was to elucidate the influence and mechanism of the action of substance @entity10133 ) upon intraluminal pressure in proximal porcine colon. In 9 @entity1707 , SP was infused intra-arterially in varying doses from 0.5 to 160 ng/kg/min. Mean baseline colonic pressure was 8.9 mm Hg increasing in a dose-dependent manner to 34.6 mm Hg at an SP dose of 40 ng/kg/min. Hereafter, the colonic pressure remained constant. In other series, SP infusion (5-80 ng/kg) was preceded by infusion of @entity4033 (0.5 mg/kg/min, continuous i.v.; n = 7), @entity3897 (0.01 mg/kg/30 min, i.v.; n = 6), by @entity1510 (0.01 mg/kg/15 min, i.a.; n = 5) or @entity1022 (1 microgram/kg/h, i.a.; n = 7). @entity3897 significantly inhibited the effect of SP on colonic pressure, whereas the other blockers were without influence on the SP-induced colonic pressure. It is concluded that SP has a potent dose-dependent stimulatory effect upon right colonic intraluminal activity of the @entity1707 , mediated partly by @entity3897 -sensitive receptors.

title: Effect of substance P on right colonic pressure: a dose response study in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4033 :: ('MESH:D018738', 'Chemical') :: ['hexamethonium']

entities_list: @entity1022 :: ('MESH:D013779', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrodotoxin']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['Atropine', 'atropine']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: Cognitive models have suggested that @entity2167 occur when internal mental events, such as inner speech or auditory verbal imagery (AVI), are misattributed to an external source. This has been supported by numerous studies indicating that individuals who experience @entity1833 tend to perform in a biased manner on tasks that require them to distinguish self-generated from non-self-generated perceptions. However, these tasks have typically been of limited relevance to inner speech models of @entity1833 , because they have not manipulated the AVI that @entity1 used during the task. Here, a new paradigm was employed to investigate the interaction between imagery and perception, in which a healthy, non-clinical sample of @entity1 were instructed to use AVI whilst completing an auditory signal detection task. It was hypothesized that AVI-usage would cause @entity1 to perform in a biased manner, therefore falsely detecting more voices in bursts of noise. In Experiment 1, when cued to generate AVI, highly @entity1833 -prone @entity1 showed a lower response bias than when performing a standard signal detection task, being more willing to report the presence of a voice in the noise. @entity1 not prone to @entity1833 performed no differently between the two conditions. In Experiment 2, @entity1 were not specifically instructed to use AVI, but retrospectively reported how often they engaged in AVI during the task. @entity1833 -prone @entity1 who retrospectively reported using imagery showed a lower response bias than did @entity1 with lower proneness who also reported using AVI. Results are discussed in relation to prominent inner speech models of @entity1833 .

title: The effect of auditory verbal imagery on signal detection in XXXX -prone individuals.

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucination', 'Highly hallucination', 'hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['auditory hallucinations']

answer: @entity1833 :: (MESH:D006212,Disease) :: ['hallucination']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Members of the @entity68394 ( @entity68394 ) family function as cell adhesion molecules and cell surface receptors. The @entity3392 genome contains six different @entity68394 genes, and @entity68395 and @entity68396 were shown to be essential for myoblast fusion during skeletal muscle development. However, little is known about @entity68394 -b2 expression and function. RESULTS: We isolated the cDNA of @entity3392 @entity68397 . @entity68394 -b2 is expressed specifically in extraocular muscles (EOMs), jaw muscles, and pectoral fins in @entity3392 larvae, but not in trunk muscles. The identified @entity68397 expression pattern is supported by the analysis of a @entity3392 Gal4-enhancer trap line, in which the coding sequence of the transcriptional activator KalTA4 together with a Gal4-dependent UAS-mCherry expression cassette was inserted into the @entity68397 locus. Intercrosses with an UAS:EGFP strain proves the possibility for targeting transgene expression to EOMs, jaw muscles and fins. Finally, we characterized the concerted contraction pattern of EOMs in larvae performing an optokinetic response. CONCLUSIONS: The expression pattern of @entity68394 -b2 suggests that it may contribute different properties to EOMs, jaw muscles, and pectoral fins. The @entity68394 -b2:KalTA4-UAS-mCherry transgenic strain serves a dual role as both a reporter for these muscles and as a valuable genetic tool for targeting transgene expression to EOMs. Developmental Dynamics, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: @entity3392 XXXX 2 Gal4-enhancer trap line recapitulates endogenous @entity68397 expression in extraocular muscles.

entities_list: @entity68394 :: ('323696(Tax:7955)', 'Gene') :: ['junctional adhesion molecule', 'JAM', 'jam']

answer: @entity68395 :: (100005261(Tax:7955),Gene) :: ['jam-b']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Animal models provide opportunity to study neurobiological aspects of @entity1 @entity988 . Changes in gene expression have been implicated in mediating brain functions, including reward system and addiction. The current study aimed to identify genes that may underlie differential @entity1068 preference in Warsaw High Preferring (WHP) and @entity258 ( @entity258 ) @entity35 . METHODS: Microarray analysis comparing gene expression in nucleus accumbens (NAc), hippocampus (HP) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) was performed in male WHP and @entity258 @entity35 bred for differences in @entity1068 preference. RESULTS: Differential and stable between biological repeats expression of 345, 254 and 129 transcripts in NAc, HP and mPFC was detected. Identified genes and processes included known mediators of @entity1068 response ( @entity68835 , @entity68836 , @entity15304 , @entity68837 , @entity1809 , LTP/LTD, renin-angiotensin signaling pathway), @entity137 ( @entity54026 , @entity68838 , inflammatory response), as well as genes involved in regulation of important addiction-related brain systems such as @entity935 , @entity4756 or @entity934 ( @entity68839 , @entity68840 , @entity68841 ). CONCLUSIONS: The identified candidate genes may underlie differential @entity1068 preference in an animal model of @entity988 . COMMENT: Names of genes are written in italics, while names of proteins are written in standard font. Names of @entity1 genes/proteins are written in all capital letters. Names of rodent genes/proteins are written in capital letter followed by small letters.

title: Novel candidate genes for XXXX - transcriptomic analysis of prefrontal medial cortex, hippocampus and nucleus accumbens of Warsaw alcohol-preferring and non-preferring @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholism']

entities_list: @entity4756 :: ('MESH:D015320', 'Chemical') :: ['tachykinin']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['WLP', 'Warsaw Low Preferring']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity988 :: (MESH:D000437,Disease) :: ['alcoholism']


abstract: The developing heart increases its mass predominantly by increasing the number of contained cells through proliferation. We hypothesized that addition of fibroblast growth factor-2, a factor previously shown to stimulate division of the embryonic myocytes, to the left ventricular myocardium in an experimental model of @entity1699 created in the @entity1573 would attenuate phenotypic severity by increasing cellular proliferation. We have established an effective mode of delivery of fibroblast growth factor-2 to the @entity1573 embryonic left ventricular myocardium by using adenovirus vectors, which was more efficient and better tolerated than direct injection of recombinant fibroblast growth factor-2 protein. Injection of control adenovirus expressing green fluorescent protein did not result in significant alterations in myocytic proliferation or cell death compared with intact, uninjected, controls. Co-injection of adenoviruses expressing green fluorescent protein and fibroblast growth factor-2 was used for verification of positive injection, and induction of proliferation, respectively. Treatment of both normal and hypoplastic left ventricles with fibroblast growth factor-2 expressing adenovirus resulted in to 2 to 3-fold overexpression of fibroblast growth factor-2, as verified by immunostaining. An increase by 45% in myocytic proliferation was observed following injection of normal hearts, and an increase of 39% was observed in hypoplastic hearts. There was a significant increase in anti- @entity35374 immunostaining in the hypoplastic, but not the normal hearts. We have shown, therefore, that expression of exogenous fibroblast growth factor-2 in the late embryonic heart can exert direct effects on cardiac myocytes, inducing both their proliferation and differentiation. These data suggest potential for a novel therapeutic option in selected cases of @entity299 , such as @entity1699 .

title: Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 regulates proliferation of cardiac myocytes in normal and hypoplastic left ventricles in the developing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1699 :: ('MESH:D018636', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplastic left heart syndrome', 'left heart hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital cardiac disease']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chick']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early prediction of disease severity in @entity656 ( @entity656 ) is crucial. The aim of this study was to investigate the body-mass index (BMI), plasma @entity1243 , @entity29869 and ghrelin levels as potential markers predicting @entity39 and severity in @entity656 . METHODS: In the study period, 97 consecutive @entity1 with @entity656 were prospectively analysed. Severe @entity656 was defined according to the Atlanta Criteria. BMI was also calculated. To measure plasma @entity1243 , @entity29869 and Ghrelin concentrations, the blood samples were obtained from @entity1 within 24 hours of admission. RESULTS: Out of 97 @entity1 , 92(70 females, 22 males) were considered eligible for analysis. Of the 92 @entity1 , 30 @entity1 (32.6%) were assessed as severe @entity788 . BMI and @entity1243 levels were significantly higher in @entity1 with severe @entity788 . The pooled sensitivity and specificity of BMI as a predictor for the development of @entity39 were 0.90(95%CI  =  0.56-0.99) and 0.70(95%CI  =  0.58-0.79), respectively; with an overall area under curve value of 0.78.The pooled sensitivity and specificity of @entity1243 levels as a predictor for development of @entity39 were 1(95%CI  =  0.69-1) and 0.73(95%CI  =  0.62-0.82),respectively; with an overall area under curve value of 0.82. @entity29869 and ghrelin levels showed no significant difference in @entity1 with mild @entity788 (6.97      0.84  ng/ml and 2.3(1.0-9.9);respectively) and severe @entity788 (6.74      0.65  ng/ml and 2.0(1.9-9.9); respectively) (p  =  0.1923 and 0.8531;respectively). CONCLUSION: BMI and plasma @entity1243 levels both were correlated with the severity of @entity788 . @entity1243 levels showed better area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity values compared to BMI in prediction of @entity39 . @entity29869 and ghrelin levels were not found to be predictors of the severity of disease.

title: The potential role of BMI, plasma @entity1243 , @entity29869 and ghrelin levels in the early detection of XXXX and severe @entity656 : a prospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['AP', 'acute pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic necrosis', 'peripancreatic necrosis']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['pancreatic necrosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is circumstantial evidence that @entity1 sperm count may have declined during past decades. The purpose of this study was to identify the association between semen quality and year of birth. METHODS: The study comprised 8608 @entity1 consulting four Danish medical centres from 1968 to 1992 because of @entity249 . Data on semen quality and @entity790 were obtained from medical records while lifestyle data were collected from a subset of the population by a postal questionnaire (response 80%). Semen characteristics were analysed as a linear function of year of birth, centre, season and calendar year at time of semen examination, sexual abstinence and lifestyle factors. Effects of age were accounted for by restriction and stratified analysis. RESULTS: The sperm count declined with increasing year of birth at two of the four centres, but this association disappeared when confounders were adjusted for. Within the subset of @entity1 born 1950-1970 we revealed a decrease in the average sperm count by 1.9 mill/ml (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.45, 2.27) per one advancing year of birth. This finding was consistent across centres even after adjustment for effects of covariates. The proportion of morphologically normal sperm cells changed in parallel with the sperm count, while semen volume did not decline in any time periods. CONCLUSIONS: We found a birth cohort effect on sperm count and morphology among Danish infertile @entity1 born after 1950 but not in @entity1 born in the first part of the century. The findings are compatible with an environmental impact during prenatal life but the evidence is far from unequivocal.

title: Is semen quality related to the year of birth among Danish XXXX clients?

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity790 :: ('MESH:D014564', 'Disease') :: ['urogenital disorders']

answer: @entity249 :: (MESH:D007246,Disease) :: ['infertility']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report on @entity2791 presenting as @entity712 . DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: Tertiary referral centre. @entity1 : Nine @entity101 subjects (five male, four female) seen in the blood pressure unit, St George's Hospital, between 1991 and 1997 with clinical signs and symptoms of @entity712 but without overt @entity301 . Mean (SEM) age was 67 (3) years. Eight @entity1 had renal artery revascularisation with percutaneous angioplasty and one had surgery. RESULTS: Renal revascularisation was followed by a large fall in blood pressure from 191/94 (7/3) to 150/75 (8/5) mm Hg two days after intervention (p < 0.01). There was also a large natriuresis and @entity353 . One week after revascularisation there was a mean loss in weight of 3.8 (0.6) kg. The largest fall in weight was seen in those @entity1 with @entity850 in a single functioning kidney. Furthermore, plasma atrial natriuretic factor fell from 120 (28) to 48 (9) pg/ml (p < 0.05; n = 6; normal value = 8.6 (0.8) pg/ml), and serum @entity1011 fell from 200 (37) to 140 (11) micromol/l (p < 0. 025). The clinical signs and symptoms of @entity712 resolved and the diuretics were then withdrawn in all @entity1 . On long term follow up, @entity1 remained free from symptoms and signs of @entity712 and the blood pressure was better controlled. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity101 @entity1 with symptoms and signs of @entity712 who do not have obvious @entity299 , @entity2791 should be considered as a possible underlying cause. Relief of the @entity850 can result in resolution of the apparent @entity712 .

title: "Apparent" @entity712 : a syndrome caused by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'congestive cardiac failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight reduction']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary or valvar heart disease']

entities_list: @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['renal artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic or valvar heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity2791 :: (MESH:D012078,Disease) :: ['renal artery stenoses']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: To determine the pathogenesis of liver nodules, and lesions similar to obliterative portal venopathy, observed after portosystemic shunts or portal vein @entity715 in @entity1 . METHODS: We conducted an experimental study comparing portacaval shunt (PCS), total portal vein ligation (PVL), and sham (S) operated @entity35 . Each group were either sacrificed at 6 weeks (early) or 6 months (late). Arterial liver perfusion was studied in vivo using CT, and histopathological changes were noted. Liver mRNA levels were quantified by RT-QPCR for markers of @entity32 ( @entity13358 , @entity1505 ), proliferation ( @entity69774 , @entity69775 , @entity15794 , @entity49715 ), angiogenesis: ( @entity6667 , @entity69776 ; @entity18664 ), oxidative stress ( @entity1506 , and 3, @entity16705 ), and @entity82 ( @entity1810 ). PCS and PVL were compared to the S group. RESULTS: Periportal @entity82 and arterial proliferation was observed in late PCS and PVL groups. CT imaging demonstrated increased arterial liver perfusion in the PCS group. RT-QPCR showed increased inflammatory markers in PCS and PVL early groups. @entity1505 and @entity13358 were increased in PCS and PVL late groups respectively. All proliferative markers increased in the PCS, and @entity49715 in the PVL early groups. @entity69775 and @entity49715 were increased in the PCS late group. @entity2824 was increased in the early and late PCS groups, and @entity16705 was decreased in the PVL groups. Markers of angiogenesis were all increased in the early PCS group, and @entity18449 and @entity18664 in the late PCS group. Only @entity18449 was increased in the PVL groups. Tgf was increased in the PCS groups. CONCLUSIONS: Portal deprivation in @entity35 induces a sustained increase in intrahepatic markers of @entity32 , angiogenesis, proliferation, and @entity82 .

title: Hepatic proliferation and angiogenesis markers are increased after portal deprivation in XXXX : a study of molecular, histological and radiological changes.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3620 ( @entity3620 ) is an aggressive @entity5 with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. @entity2615 are characterized by more aggressive behaviour and a poorer prognosis compared with the epithelioid subtype. To date prognostic and tailored therapeutic biomarkers are lacking. The present study analyzed the expression levels of @entity7465 and @entity7738 in different histologic subtypes from chemonaive @entity3620 @entity1 . Diagnostic biopsies of @entity3620 @entity1 from four Italian @entity5 centers were centrally collected and analyzed. @entity7465 and @entity7738 expression levels were investigated through immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR. Pathological assessment of @entity39 , @entity32 and proliferation index was also performed. Molecular markers, pathological features and clinical characteristics were correlated to overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). Sixty @entity3620 @entity1 were included in the study (32 epithelioid and 28 non-epithelioid). Higher levels of @entity7465 (p < 0.001), @entity7738 (p = 0.013), @entity39 (p = 0.013) and proliferation index (p < 0.001) were seen mainly in sarcomatoid/biphasic subtypes. Higher levels of @entity32 were significantly associated with epithelioid subtype (p = 0.044). @entity7465 expression levels were correlated with @entity7738 levels (p = 0.0001), @entity39 (p = 0.008) and proliferation index (p = 0.009). Univariate analysis showed a significant correlation of non-epithelioid histology (p = 0.04), high levels of @entity39 (p = 0.037) and proliferation index (p = 0.0002) with shorter PFS. Sarcomatoid/biphasic and epithelioid mesotheliomas showed different @entity7465 and @entity7738 expression levels and were characterized by different levels of @entity39 , proliferation and @entity32 . Further studies are warranted to confirm a prognostic and predictive role of such markers and features.

title: @entity7465 and @entity7738 expression levels in different histologic subtypes of XXXX : correlation with pathological and clinical data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['Sarcomatoid/biphasic mesotheliomas']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['MPM', 'Malignant pleural mesothelioma']

answer: @entity3620 :: (MESH:C562839,Disease) :: ['malignant pleural mesothelioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The precise etiology of border zone @entity1188 is controversial. @entity73 due to @entity432 (ICA) is suggested as a cause of border zone @entity1188 . OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in prevalence and volume of @entity63 border zone lesions over time in @entity1 with occlusive disease of the ICA after 1 year of follow-up. DESIGN: Follow-up study. SETTING: Referral center. @entity1 : Fifty-eight @entity1 with an occlusion of the ICA were included. At baseline, @entity2806 were classified on magnetic resonance imaging, and vasomotor reactivity was assessed with transcranial Doppler ultrasonography with @entity544 challenge. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes in prevalence and volume of @entity2806 were monitored and were correlated with @entity544 reactivity at baseline. RESULTS: No significant changes in the prevalence of any @entity1188 types were observed after 1 year of follow-up in the hemispheres ipsilateral or contralateral to the @entity432 . However, in hemispheres ipsilateral to an occluded ICA, we found an increase in mean volume of internal border zone @entity1188 (P =.002). In hemispheres with a low @entity544 reactivity, we found an increase in mean volume of internal border zone lesions after 1 year ( @entity544 reactivity, <or=18%, P =.02 and 19%-35%, P =.02). These changes were not observed for external border zone lesions. CONCLUSION: The association between impaired vasomotor reactivity and an increase in @entity63 lesion volume in the internal border zone suggests a hemodynamic component.

title: Prevalence and volume of internal border zone lesions in @entity1 with impaired cerebral XXXX vasomotor reactivity: a follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic lesions']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Hemodynamic impairment']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct', 'infarcts']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive disease of the internal carotid artery', 'ICA occlusion']

answer: @entity544 :: (MESH:D002245,Chemical) :: ['carbon dioxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the contribution of @entity4653 ( @entity4653 ) to the initial   valuation of @entity764 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We carried out a two-year prospective study in all the @entity764 @entity1 admitted to ICU. They underwent both Chest X-ray (CXR) and @entity4653 within 24 jours of admission. CXR and @entity4653 images were read by achieving a consensus between two radiologists who were unaware of the results of the other investigation. Then we compared these findings with the treatment received by the @entity1 in the ICU. RESULTS: From July 1, 1991 through July 1, 1993, 56 @entity1 were included (21 with conventional @entity4653 and 35 with helicoidal @entity4653 ). @entity4653 demonstrated a significant number of pleural (p < 0.001), parenchymatous (p < 0.001), and mediastinal (p < 0.01) lesions that escaped detection on CXR ( @entity4653 +/CXR- lesions). Thoracic drainage was done in 16 @entity1 because of abnormalities @entity4653 +/CXR- (p < 0.01); six @entity1 with @entity4653 +/CXR- pulmonary contusions received Pressure Positive Ventilation (p < 0.01); and four @entity4653 +/CXR- lesions were treated surgically (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity4653 adds significantly to the evaluation of @entity764 by allowing prompt, accurate assessment of lesions. In this study, over 50% of these lesions required specific treatment during the ICU stay.

title: [Initial evaluation of XXXX . Comparison of pulmonary radiography and x-ray computed tomography].

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['chest trauma']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['CTS', 'computed tomography scan']

answer: @entity764 :: (MESH:D013898,Disease) :: ['thoracic injuries']


abstract: RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate the value of dual-energy spectral computed tomography (DESCT) in the quantitative differentiation between pulmonary malignant masses and inflammatory masses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was an institutional review board-approved study, and written informed consent was obtained from all @entity1 . Sixty @entity1 with 35 @entity2 and 25 inflammatory masses underwent DESCT scan during arterial phase (AP) and @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ). CT numbers of net enhancement in 70  keV monochromatic images in central and peripheral regions of masses and their differences (dCT) were measured. @entity1496 concentrations in the two regions were measured and normalized to the aorta as normalized @entity1496 concentrations (NICs). The slopes of spectral attenuation curves (  HU) in the two regions were also calculated. The two-sample t test was used to compare quantitative parameters. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to calculate sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: CT numbers of net enhancement and NICs in central regions, and   HU values both in the central and peripheral region of @entity2 were significantly lower than those of inflammatory masses during AP and @entity1211 . On the other hand, the dCT values of @entity2 were higher than that of inflammatory masses. NIC value in the central regions in @entity1211 had the highest sensitivity (86%) and specificity (100%) in differentiating malignant masses from inflammatory masses. CONCLUSIONS: DESCT imaging with quantitative parameters such as CT numbers of 70  keV monochromatic images, NIC, and   HU may be a new method for differentiating @entity2 from inflammatory masses.

title: Differentiation of XXXX From Inflammatory Masses with Dual-Energy Spectral CT Imaging.

entities_list: @entity1496 :: ('MESH:D007455', 'Chemical') :: ['iodine', 'Iodine']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancers']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous phase', 'VP']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Lung Cancers']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the published literature assessing the efficacy and safety of lacrimal drainage system plug insertion for @entity936 in adults. METHODS: Literature searches of the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were last conducted on @entity20684 , 2015, without date restrictions and were limited to English language abstracts. The searches retrieved 309 unique citations. The primary authors reviewed the titles and abstracts. Inclusion criteria specified reports that provided original data on plugs for the treatment of @entity936 in at least 25 @entity1 . Fifty-three studies of potential relevance were assigned to full-text review. The 27 studies that met the inclusion criteria underwent data abstraction by the panels. Abstracted data included study characteristics, @entity1 characteristics, plug type, insertion technique, treatment response, and safety information. All studies were observational and rated by a methodologist as level II or III evidence. RESULTS: The plugs included punctal, intracanalicular, and dissolving types. Fifteen studies reported metrics of improvement in @entity936 , ocular-surface status, artificial tear use, contact lens comfort, and tear break-up time. Twenty-five studies included safety data. Plug placement resulted in >= 50% improvement of symptoms, improvement in ocular-surface health, reduction in artificial tear use, and improved contact lens comfort in @entity1 with @entity936 . Serious complications from plugs were infrequent. Plug loss was the most commonly reported problem with punctal plugs, occurring on average in 40% of @entity1 . Overall, among all plug types, approximately 9% of @entity1 experienced @entity9467 and 10% required removal because of irritation from the plugs. @entity6134 was the most commonly reported problem for intracanalicular plugs and occurred in approximately 8% of @entity1 . Other complications were reported in less than 4% of @entity1 on average and included tearing, discomfort, @entity2276 , and @entity4578 . CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of level II and III evidence in these studies, plugs improve the signs and symptoms of moderate @entity936 that are not improved with topical lubrication, and they are well tolerated. There are no level I studies that describe the efficacy or safety of lacrimal drainage system plugs.

title: Safety and Efficacy of Lacrimal Drainage System Plugs for XXXX : A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6134 :: ('MESH:C538406', 'Disease') :: ['Canaliculitis']

entities_list: @entity936 :: ('MESH:D015352', 'Disease') :: ['dry eye', 'dry eyes', 'dry eye symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2276 :: ('MESH:D017789', 'Disease') :: ['pyogenic granuloma']

entities_list: @entity4578 :: ('MESH:D003607', 'Disease') :: ['dacryocystitis']

answer: @entity936 :: (MESH:D015352,Disease) :: ['Dry Eye Syndrome']


abstract: Twelve newborn @entity35 were fed by mothers maintained on a protein-deficient diet (12% casein, M) during lactation, and 12 @entity35 fed by mothers maintained on a diet containing 25% casein were used as controls (C). After weaning, all animals were fed standard lab ration. Half of each group was housed individually (MI and CI), while the other half was allowed to live in pairs ( @entity2468 and @entity2723 ). When adult, all animals were trained to avoid footshocks by jumping onto a platform. Training sessions consisted of 40 trials starting with a 20 sec light stimulus (CS) and followed by a 2 sec, 0.6 mA shock (US) with an average intertrial interval of 54 sec. When all animals displayed consistent avoidance behavior, the extinction phase was initiated. The procedure was the same as for the training sessions except that the shock generator was disconnected. Extinction continued until each animal showed a 50% reduction in avoidance performance. During acquisition, MI learned faster than CI and CI showed greater avoidance performance than @entity2723 , but no differences were observed between @entity2468 and @entity2723 . During extinction, group M responded more persistently than group C. The present acquisition results may explain the contradictory data reported in the literature with respect to the effects of @entity3147 on avoidance performance, since environmental stimulation was shown to reduce the effects of early @entity3147 . Individually housed animals showed greater avoidance performance during both phases.

title: Effects of @entity3147 and environment on the acquisition and extinction of avoidance behavior in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Guidelines have recommended aortic valve surgery in asymptomatic @entity1 with severe @entity472 and a large aortic valve @entity460 burden. The purpose of this study was to determine whether visual assessment of aortic valve @entity460 and @entity850 severity are reliable based on 2-dimensional echocardiography alone. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 68 @entity1 with @entity472 and compared them with 30 control @entity1 without @entity472 . All had aortic valve @entity460 score assessment by computed tomography. In a random order, 2-dimensional images without hemodynamic data were independently reviewed by 2 level 3-trained echocardiographers, who then classified these @entity1 into categories based on aortic valve @entity460 and @entity850 severity. RESULTS: The 68 @entity1 (mean age    SD, 74    10 years) were classified as having mild (n = 28), moderate (n = 22), and severe (n = 18) @entity472 . When the observers were asked to grade the degree of @entity7874 , the agreement between them was poor (k = 0.33-0.39). The visual ability to determine @entity850 severity compared with Doppler echocardiography had high specificity (81% and 88% for observers 1 and 2). However, sensitivity was unacceptably low (56%-67%), and the positive predictive value was poor (44%-50%). Agreement was fair (k = 0.58-0.69) between the observers for determining severe @entity850 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that visual assessment of aortic valve @entity460 has high interobserver variability; the visual ability to determine severe @entity472 has low sensitivity but high specificity. Our results may have important implications for treatment of @entity1 with @entity472 and guiding the use of handheld echocardiography. Further research with larger cohorts is needed to validate the variability, sensitivity, and specificity reported in our study.

title: Visual Estimation of the Severity of @entity472 and the XXXX Burden by 2-Dimensional Echocardiography: Is It Reliable?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity7874 :: ('MESH:C562942', 'Disease') :: ['valve calcification']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study sought to evaluate the hemodynamic changes of and to analyze the effects of @entity453 ( @entity453 ) as well as its risk factors on hemodynamic parameters during the @entity5721 ( @entity5721 ) in adult living donor liver transplantation (ALDLT). @entity1 AND METHODS: This single-center retrospective study evaluated 154 adult @entity1 being assessed from January 2001 to December 2013 for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The @entity1 were divided into separate groups according to the presence or absence of @entity453 and its risk factors, including @entity6 , @entity101 , @entity2299 , @entity9927 , sex, and age. The hemodynamic parameters were noted during the @entity5721 with respect to the @entity1 files. The comparison of the groups and the effects of cardiovascular problems on hemodynamic parameters were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: A decrease of more than 20% in systolic arterial pressure was seen in 16 (16.7%), 7 (43.8%), and 17 (40.5%) @entity1 without @entity453 , with @entity453 , and with its high risk factors (>2), respectively (P  < .05). Moreover, diastolic @entity551 was seen in 59 (38.3%) @entity1 during @entity5721 ; of those, 10 (62.5%) had @entity453 and 19 (45.2%) had @entity453 high-risk factors. The decline in both systolic and diastolic arterial pressure was significantly correlated with the increased number of risk factors (P  < .05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity5721 in ALDLT remains an issue not only for the surgeons but also for the anesthesiologists. Clinicians should be aware of @entity453 and its risk factors before OLT and successful management of such problems are mandatory for hemodynamic stability during this formidable process.

title: The evaluation of hemodynamic changes during the XXXX in adult living donor liver transplantations: the role of cardiovascular problems.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5721 :: ('MESH:D015427', 'Disease') :: ['RP', 'reperfusion phase']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity5721 :: (MESH:D015427,Disease) :: ['reperfusion phase']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A strong antimicrobial synergism between @entity1216 (CHX) and @entity273 ( @entity274 ) has been reported, but there is not enough data on the @entity137 of this combination. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the @entity137 of CHX- @entity274 combination in different concentrations and secondary aim is to assess the influence of @entity274 on @entity137 of CHX on cultured @entity1 periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PDL cells were cultured from healthy @entity1 third molar teeth and were exposed to six prepared solutions (0.2% and 2% CHX separately and in combination with 1% and 3% @entity274 ). The @entity98 assay was applied to assess their effects on the viability of the PDL cells. Two-way analysis of variance approach and subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate the differences in mean cell viability values. A level of P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: All tested solutions were toxic to PDL cells. There was a significant interaction effect between CHX and @entity274 . The 2% CHX combined with 3% @entity274 was the most and 0.2% CHX was the least cytotoxic solutions. The 2% CHX was significantly more toxic than 0.2% CHX and @entity274 combinations. The @entity137 of 0.2% CHX and @entity274 combinations did not significantly rise by increasing the concentration of @entity274 from 1% to 3%. CONCLUSION: @entity274 affected the @entity137 of CHX in a variable concentration-dependent manner. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that 2% CHX alone and in combination with either 1 or 3% @entity274 are significantly more toxic than 0.2% CHX alone and in combination with 1 and 3% @entity274 . Therefore, to benefit from the synergistic antimicrobial effect between CHX and @entity274 , with a minimal @entity137 , it is recommended to use 0.2% concentration of CHX combined with 3% @entity274 .

title: @entity137 of @entity1216 - @entity273 combination in different concentrations on cultured XXXX periodontal ligament fibroblasts.

entities_list: @entity1216 :: ('MESH:D002710', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorhexidine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT There is currently no consensus on the safety of sports participation for @entity1 with @entity1645 ( @entity1645 ). The authors' goal was to define the risk of sports participation for @entity1 with the imaging finding of @entity1645 . METHODS A prospective survey was administered to 503 @entity1645 @entity1 at 2 sites over a 46-month period. Data were gathered on imaging characteristics, treatment, sports participation, and any sport-related injuries. Additionally, 81 @entity1 completed at least 1 subsequent survey following their initial entry into the registry and were included in a prospective group, with a mean prospective follow-up period of 11 months. RESULTS Of the 503 @entity1645 @entity1 , 328 participated in sports for a cumulative duration of 4641 seasons; 205 of these @entity1 participated in contact sports. There were no serious or catastrophic @entity16 . One @entity1 had temporary extremity paresthesias that resolved within hours, and this was not definitely considered to be related to the @entity1645 . In the prospective cohort, there were no permanent @entity16 . CONCLUSIONS No permanent or catastrophic @entity16 were observed in @entity1645 @entity1 participating in athletic activities. The authors believe that the risk of such injuries is low and that, in most cases, sports participation by @entity1 with @entity1645 is safe.

title: Sports participation with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1645 :: ('MESH:D001139', 'Disease') :: ['CM-I', 'Chiari I malformation']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological injuries']

answer: @entity1645 :: (MESH:D001139,Disease) :: ['Chiari I malformation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the potential of grating-based phase-contrast computed tomography (gb-PCCT) for the detection and characterization of @entity1 @entity453 in an experimental ex vivo validation study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was approved by the institutional review board, and informed consent was obtained from all @entity1 . Specimens were examined using a conventional low-coherence x-ray tube (40 kV) and a Talbot-Lau grating interferometer. Histopathologic assessment was used as the standard of reference. Signal characteristics of calcified, fibrous (FIB), and @entity3794 ( @entity3794 ) tissue were visually and quantitatively assessed by phase-contrast Hounsfield units (HU). Conventional absorption-based HU values were also measured. Conservative measurements of diagnostic accuracy for the detection and differentiation of plaque components as well as quantitative measurements of vessel dimensions were obtained, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for plaque differentiation was performed. RESULTS: A total of 15 coronary arteries from 5 subjects were available for analysis (386 sections). Calcified, FIB, and @entity3794 displayed distinct gb-PCCT signal criteria. The diagnostic accuracy of gb-PCCT was high with sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive values of 0.89 or greater for all plaque components with good interrater agreement (   >=  0.88). In addition, quantitative measurements of vessel dimensions in gb-PCCT were strongly correlated with measurements obtained from histopathology (Pearson R >=  0.86). Finally, phase-contrast Hounsfield units were superior to conventional HU in differentiating FIB and @entity3794 (receiver operating characteristic analysis, 0.86 vs. 0.77, respectively; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In an ex vivo setting, gb-PCCT provides improved differentiation and quantification of @entity453 and may thus serve as a tool for nondestructive histopathology.

title: X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography of XXXX coronary arteries.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary atherosclerotic plaque', 'coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: More accurate phenotyping of @entity1030 is of great interest since it may have prognostic and therapeutic consequences. We attempted to explore the possible relationship between the extent of @entity2415 , as assessed by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), and @entity1030 severity. We also included some study variables involving exercise tolerance evaluation and @entity121 ( @entity121 ) measurement. METHODS: Sixty-four @entity1 with @entity1030 (mean age 64    7 years) were enrolled in a prospective observational cross-sectional study. All @entity1 underwent clinical and functional evaluations: assessment of @entity1353 , body mass index (BMI), health status assessment, spirometry testing, and arterial blood gas analysis. The extent of @entity2415 was graded using HRCT. Functional capacity was evaluated by a cardiopulmonary maximal exercise testing (CPET), the shuttle walking test, and by estimation of @entity121 . RESULTS: Half of the study @entity1 had an @entity13404 phenotype. There was a significant correlation between the score derived from analysis of HRCT images and BMI and respiratory functional parameters, as well as VO(2) max (maximal @entity26 uptake) and chest pull 1RM (1 rep max). Compared with subjects with a non- @entity13404 phenotype, those with an @entity13404 phenotype showed a lower BMI, a reduced @entity121 , and displayed a lower power at CPET. Significant differences in lung function tests were found for diffusing capacity and hyperinflation. No significant differences in quality of life were observed between the two study groups. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with subjects with a non- @entity13404 phenotype, subjects with an @entity13404 phenotype has a different profile in terms of BMI, lung function, @entity121 , and exercise capacity.

title: Components of physical capacity in @entity1 with XXXX : relationship with phenotypic expression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity13404 :: ('MESH:D041882', 'Disease') :: ['emphysematous']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['PMS', 'peripheral muscle strength']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']


abstract: Volatile anesthetics may be used to treat @entity159 when conventional drugs are ineffective. We studied 30 @entity468 to compare the inhibitory effects of @entity2614 , @entity5161 , and @entity1508 on @entity114 -induced @entity159 . Anesthesia was induced and maintained with one of the three volatile anesthetics in @entity26 . @entity3397 was injected into the cisterna magna, and the volatile anesthetic discontinued. Once @entity159 was induced ( @entity410 period), the animal was reanesthetized with 0.6 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) of the volatile anesthetic for 30 min, then with 1.5 MAC for the next 30 min. Electroencephalogram and multiunit activity in the midbrain reticular formation were recorded. At 0.6 MAC, all anesthetics showed anticonvulsant effects. @entity5161 and @entity1508 each abolished the repetitive spike phase in one cat; @entity5161 reduced the occupancy of the repetitive spike phase (to 27%+/-22% of the @entity410 period (mean +/- SD) significantly more than @entity2614 (60%+/-29%; P < 0.05) and @entity1508 (61%+/-24%; P < 0.05), and the increase of midbrain reticular formation with repetitive spikes was reduced by all volatile anesthetics. The repetitive spikes were abolished by 1.5 MAC of the anesthetics: in 9 of 10 @entity468 by @entity2614 , in 9 of 9 @entity468 by @entity5161 , and in 9 of 11 @entity468 by @entity1508 . In conclusion, @entity5161 , @entity2614 , and @entity1508 inhibited @entity114 -induced @entity159 , but @entity5161 was the most potent. IMPLICATIONS: @entity159 is an emergency state and requires immediate suppression of clinical and electrical seizures, but conventional drugs may be ineffective. In such cases, general anesthesia may be effective. In the present study, we suggest that @entity5161 is preferable to @entity1508 and @entity2614 to suppress sustained @entity410 .

title: The anticonvulsant effects of volatile anesthetics on @entity114 -induced @entity159 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsive', 'seizure']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity3397 :: ('MESH:D010400', 'Chemical') :: ['Penicillin G']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['Isoflurane', 'isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus', 'Convulsive status epilepticus']

answer: @entity468 :: (9685,Species) :: ['cats']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study examines the relationship between expression of @entity9859 , @entity2247 , and @entity7 ( @entity7 ), and their association with clinicopathological features in @entity5 and metastatic lymph node specimens from @entity5 @entity1 . The relationship between @entity2247 expression and @entity1082 ) positivity was also examined. METHODS: The following samples were analyzed: 97 @entity982 -embedded specimens from @entity1 with @entity5 (Ib-IIb), including 49 @entity5 specimens without lymph node @entity3 and 24 primary specimens with lymph node @entity3 and their metastatic lymph nodes. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed with antibodies to @entity9859 , @entity2247 , and @entity7 . HPV viratype was identified by PCR and HPVDNAChip. RESULTS: @entity7 expression was strongly correlated with expression of @entity9859 (P = 0.03) and not @entity2247 (P = 0.12) in @entity5 and metastatic lymph nodes. @entity2247 expression correlated with lymph node @entity3 (P = 0.001), but not with any other clinicopathological features. The parametrial invasion showed borderline significance with @entity2247 expression (P = 0.058). @entity9859 or @entity7 expression did not correlate with any clinicopathological features. In addition, @entity2247 expression was not associated with HPV positivity. @entity9859 expression is associated with @entity7 expression in @entity5 tissue and at sites of @entity3 to lymph nodes. CONCLUSION: @entity2247 expression is associated with lymph node @entity3 and possibly parametrial invasion, but expression of @entity9859 and @entity7 is not associated with clinicopathological features. @entity2247 expression is not associated with HPV positivity.

title: Expression of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 associated with expression of @entity7 in XXXX and at metastatic lymph nodes.

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary cervical cancer', 'primary tumor', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['primary cervical cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Potential associations between dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) with @entity74 remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the relations of dietary GI and GL with @entity458 , @entity148 , and @entity308 . DESIGN: A total of 3363 nonacademic members of the staff of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences were included in this cross-sectional study. GI and GL were assessed by using a validated, self-administered, dish-based, semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. @entity148 and @entity308 Scale and General Health Questionnaire-12 were used to assess @entity148 , @entity308 , and @entity458 . RESULTS: After control for potential confounders, individuals in the top tertile of GI had greater odds of @entity308 (OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.02; P-trend = 0.03) and a trend for greater odds of @entity148 (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 0.97, 2.38; P trend = 0.06) compared with those in the first tertile. Higher GL values were linked to lower odds for @entity146 (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.90; P-trend = 0.009), @entity308 (OR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.51, 0.93; P-trend = 0.02), and @entity458 (OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.48, 0.92; P-trend = 0.01). Significant interactions were observed between GI and sex for @entity308 (P = 0.01) and @entity458 (P = 0.046) in the crude model. In stratified analyses by sex, after control for potential confounders, a greater GI was linked to a higher odds of @entity308 (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.94; P-trend = 0.001) and @entity458 (OR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.28, 2.14; P-trend = 0.001) in @entity1 but not in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Our findings support a direct link between the odds of @entity308 and dietary GI but inverse associations between GL and @entity146 , @entity308 , and @entity458 . This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02362113.

title: Glycemic index, glycemic load, and common XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety', 'Validated Iranian versions of the Hospital Anxiety']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['psychological disorders']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['psychological disorders']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: @entity12203 is an @entity66 in which laryngeal tone is weak, resulting in dynamic prolapse of tissue into the larynx. Sensorimotor integrative function of the brainstem and peripheral reflexes are responsible for laryngeal tone and airway patency. The goal of this study was to elucidate the etiology of decreased laryngeal tone through evaluating the sensorimotor integrative function of the larynx. The secondary goal was to evaluate factors and medical comorbidities that contribute to the wide spectrum of symptoms and outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective and retrospective collection of evaluative data on @entity1 with @entity12203 at two tertiary care pediatric referral centers. METHODS: Two hundred one @entity1 with @entity12203 were divided into three groups on the basis of disease severity (mild, moderate, severe). @entity1 were followed prospectively every 8 to 12 weeks until symptom resolution or loss to follow-up. Sensorimotor integrative function of the larynx was evaluated in 134 @entity1 by laryngopharyngeal sensory testing (LPST) of the laryngeal adductor reflex (LAR) by delivering a duration- (50 ms) and intensity- (2.5-10 mm Hg) controlled air pulse to the aryepiglottic fold to induce the LAR. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for medical comorbidities. RESULTS: The initial LPST was higher (P < .001) in @entity1 with moderate (6.8 mm Hg) and severe disease (7.4 mm Hg) compared with those with mild disease (4.1 mm Hg). At 1, 3, and 6 months, @entity1 with moderate and severe disease continued to have a higher LPST compared with those with mild disease. At 9 months, the LPST decreased in all subjects (3.1-3.5 mm Hg, P = .14), which also correlated with symptom resolution. Neurologic, genetic, and @entity299 were more common in @entity1 with severe disease (P < .001). @entity354 ( @entity354 ) and feeding problems more common in those with moderate and severe disease (P < .001). Apgar scores were lower in those with severe disease (P < .001). Most symptoms resolved within 12 months of presentation. Those with @entity354 benefited from treatment. Supraglottoplasty resulted in few complications. Multiple comorbidities (>3) influenced the need for tracheotomy. CONCLUSIONS: Laryngeal tone and sensorimotor integrative function of the larynx is altered. The degree of alteration correlated with disease severity, indicating that factors that alter the peripheral and central reflexes of the LAR have a role in the etiology of signs and symptoms of @entity12203 . @entity354 , @entity16 , and low Apgar scores influenced disease severity and clinical course, explaining the spectrum of disease symptoms and outcomes. Sensorimotor integrative function improved as symptoms resolved.

title: Abnormal sensorimotor integrative function of the larynx in XXXX : a new theory of etiology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['enigmatic disease']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic disease']

entities_list: @entity12203 :: ('MESH:D055092', 'Disease') :: ['laryngomalacia', 'Laryngomalacia', 'congenital laryngomalacia']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['Gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac diseases']

answer: @entity12203 :: (MESH:D055092,Disease) :: ['congenital laryngomalacia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Involvement of the peripheral nervous system in @entity1 with primary @entity244 ( @entity244 ) has been reported, but its prevalence in neurologically asymptomatic @entity1 is not well known. OBJECTIVE: To assess clinical and neurophysiological features of the peripheral nervous system in @entity1 with primary @entity244 . @entity1 AND METHODS: 39 (38 female) consecutive @entity1 with primary @entity244 , aged 20-81 years (mean 50), with a disease duration of 1-30 years (mean 8) were studied. The peripheral nervous system was evaluated by a questionnaire, physical examination, quantified sensory neurological examination, and neurophysiological measurements (nerve conduction studies). To assess autonomic cardiovascular function an orthostatic challenge test, a Valsalva manoeuvre, a forced respiration test, and pupillography were done. RESULTS: Abnormalities as indicated in the questionnaire were found in 8/39 (21%) @entity1 , while an abnormal neurological examination was found in 7/39 (18%) @entity1 . Abnormalities in quantified sensory neurological examination were found in 22/38 (58%) @entity1 . In 9/39 (23%) @entity1 , neurophysiological signs compatible with a sensory @entity305 were found. No differences were found in the autonomic test results, disease duration, serological parameters, or erythrocyte sedimentation rate between the @entity1 with primary @entity244 with and those without evidence of peripheral nervous involvement. CONCLUSION: Subclinical @entity1897 may occur in @entity1 with primary @entity244 selected from a department of rheumatology, but clinically relevant involvement of the peripheral nervous system in this @entity1 group is rare.

title: Involvement of the peripheral nervous system in primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities of the peripheral nervous system']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Sj  gren's syndrome", 'SS']

answer: @entity244 :: (MESH:D014899,Disease) :: ['Sj  gren's syndrome']