abstract: UNASSIGNED: 189 Background: @entity5 treatment negatively affects @entity413 control and puts @entity1 at risk for hospital admissions. A one year medical record review at Lehigh Valley Hospital revealed that 75.4% of @entity6 @entity1 receiving treatment in the @entity5 center had at least one emergency department (ED) and/or inpatient (IP) admission-13.2% had a @entity6 code present among the top 3 discharge diagnoses. We implemented a program in which a certified @entity6 educator (CDE) and nurse practitioner worked with oncologists and primary care providers (PCP) to coordinate care for these @entity1 . METHODS: @entity5 @entity1 with @entity6 or treatment related @entity4854 were referred to the @entity6 Oncology Program for care management (CM). CM included @entity1 assessment, education, care plan development, collaboration with PCP, and follow-up during treatment. A clinical practice guideline was developed for infusion nurses to treat @entity4854 . @entity6 medications were modified during @entity5 treatment in collaboration with the PCP. CM ended at the conclusion of the course of treatment or with end of life care. Program evaluation consisted of @entity1 and provider surveys, and analysis of ED/IP admissions. RESULTS: In a preliminary analysis of 98 @entity1 that received CM, 74 ED/IP admissions occurred between the first appointment with the CDE and the end of CM; 11 admissions (14.8%) were for @entity6 or @entity4854 related diagnosis. At baseline, @entity1 mean FACT-G scores were slightly lower than published normative data for @entity5 @entity1 . Significant improvements from baseline to 2 months post program enrollment were found among @entity1 in @entity6 empowerment and satisfaction with @entity6 treatment scores. Provider survey responses at baseline found that PCPs are more satisfied with oncologist communication than oncologists are with PCP communication. Final results of the @entity1 and provider surveys and program impact on ED/IP admissions will be presented. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 empowerment and satisfaction with treatment may be improved by focused @entity6 care management. Final data analyses will indicate if this improvement is achieved along with reductions in ED/IP admissions for @entity6 related diagnoses among @entity5 @entity1 .

title: XXXX care management during @entity5 treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'participant', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: We report a rare case of @entity602 caused by compression of the upper cervical cord by the bilateral anomalous vertebral arteries. A 49-year-old @entity1 had dragged his right foot for 4 years. He also complained of a tingling sensation in his right arm and occipitalgia. Neurological examination disclosed @entity1269 , hypalgesia in the right half of the body and @entity4372 of the lower extremities. MRIs showed a flow void area which compressed and distorted the spinal cord bilaterally at the level of the atlas. A vertebral angiogram showed that the bilateral vertebral arteries had pierced the dura matter under the posterior arch of the atlas, turned upward and laterally in the vertebral canal, making vascular loops at the level of the atlas. 3D CT angiography showed the loops convex medially in the anterior part of the vertebral canal. With these findings, we diagnosed the @entity1 as suffering compression of the cervical cord by the bilateral anomalous vertebral arteries. Suboccipital craniectomy and C1 laminectomy were performed. When the dura mater was opened, the dorsolateral aspect of the spinal cord was found to be compressed and indented markedly by the vertebral arteries. To decompress the spinal cord, the vertebral arteries were retracted dorsolaterally by means of Gore-tex tape and anchored to the spinous process of the @entity2270 . Postoperatively, his neurological symptoms improved. Postoperative MRIs showed that the spinal cord was decompressed and had recovered its contour. A review of the literature revealed that only 3 such cases as this one have been reported. The clinical features of these rare cases are nonspecific @entity602 and concomitant occipitalgia or @entity4048 . The main cause of this rare entity seemed to be the compression of the vertebral artery through its course when it enters the vertebral canal between the atlas and the @entity2270 .

title: [Cervical XXXX caused by bilateral vertebral artery compression].

entities_list: @entity4372 :: ('MESH:D009122', 'Disease') :: ['hypertonicity']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['right hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

answer: @entity602 :: (MESH:D013118,Disease) :: ['myelopathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The effects of @entity3363 on plasma @entity414 levels are a subject of controversy. We determined the individual and combined effects of @entity1735 quality (the glycemic index) and quantity (the proportion of total daily energy [percentage of @entity3363 ]) on @entity414 levels. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, crossover trial of 4 different diets in overweight or @entity28 adults without @entity65 (n   =   163). @entity1 consumed each of 4 diets over a 5-week period, each of which was separated by a 2-week washout period. Body weight was kept constant. The 4 diets were high glycemic index (>= 65) with high percentage of @entity3363 (58% kcal), low glycemic index ( <=45) with low percentage of @entity3363 (40% kcal), low glycemic index with high percentage of @entity3363 , and high glycemic index with low percentage of @entity3363 . Plasma @entity414 levels were measured at baseline and after completion of each 5-week period for comparison between the 4 diets. RESULTS: Of the 163 study @entity1 , 52% were @entity1 and 50% were non-Hispanic African American subjects; their mean age was 52.6 years, and their mean        SD @entity414 level was 4.7        1.2 mg/dl. Reducing the glycemic index lowered @entity414 levels when the percentage of @entity3363 was low (-0.24 mg/dl; P < 0.001) or high (-0.17 mg/dl; P < 0.001). Reducing the percentage of @entity3363 marginally increased the @entity414 level only when the glycemic index was high (P   =   0.05). The combined effect of lowering the glycemic index and increasing the percentage of @entity3363 was -0.27 mg/dl (P < 0.001). This effect was observed even after adjustment for concurrent @entity8 , @entity2690 sensitivity, and products of glycolysis. CONCLUSION: Reducing the glycemic index lowers @entity414 levels. Future studies should examine whether reducing the glycemic index can prevent gout onset or flares.

title: Effects of Lowering Glycemic Index of Dietary @entity1735 on Plasma XXXX Levels: The OmniCarb Randomized Clinical Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['changes in kidney function']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity414 :: (MESH:D014527,Chemical) :: ['Uric Acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The stromal-epithelial-cell interactions that are responsible for directing normal breast-tissue development and maintenance play a central role in the progression of @entity0 . In the present study, we continued our development of three-dimensional (3-D) cell co-cultures used to study cancerous mammary cell responses to fractionated radiotherapy. In particular, we focused on the role of the reactive stroma in determining the therapeutic ratio for post-surgical treatment. METHODS: Cancerous @entity1 mammary epithelial cells (MRC-7) were cultured in a 3-D collagen matrix with @entity1 fibroblasts (MRC-5) stimulated by various concentrations of @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ). These culture samples were designed to model the post-lumpectomy mammary stroma in the presence of @entity5 cells. We tracked over time the changes in medium stiffness, fibroblast-cell activation (MRC-5 converted to @entity5 activated fibroblasts (CAFs)), and proliferation of both cell types under a variety of fractionated radiotherapy protocols. Samples were exposed to 6 MV X-rays from a linear accelerator in daily fraction sizes of 90, 180 and 360  cGy over five days in a manner consistent with irradiation exposure during radiotherapy. RESULTS: We found in fractionation studies with MRC-5 fibroblasts and CAFs that higher doses per fraction may be more effective early on in deactivating @entity5 -harboring cellular environments. Higher-dose fraction schemes inhibit contractility in CAFs and prevent differentiation of fibroblasts, thereby metabolically uncoupling @entity5 cells from their surrounding stroma. However, higher dose fraction appears to increase ECM stiffening. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that dose escalation to the region with residual disease can deactivate the reactive stroma, thus minimizing the @entity5 promoting features of the cellular environment. Large-fraction irradiation may be used to sterilize @entity41 cells and inhibit activation of intracellular transduction pathways that are promoted during the post-surgical wound-healing period. The higher dose fractions may slow wound healing and increase ECM stiffening that could stimulate proliferation of surviving @entity5 cells.

title: Stromal-epithelial responses to fractionated radiotherapy in a XXXX microenvironment.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'residual cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-b1', 'transforming growth factor beta 1']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Colony-stimulating factors (CSF) have been widely used to prevent @entity1398 associated with chemotherapy. Due to the high intensity of chemotherapy in @entity981 ( @entity981 ), CSF as a crucial component of supportive care has played a significant role in the therapy. However, the effectiveness of CSF in treatment has not been identified by large clinical trials until now. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of CSF on the long-term outcome of @entity981 @entity1 . A comprehensive search strategy has been conducted, which covered the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed and Web of Science. The result includes seven randomized controlled trials containing a total of 753 @entity1 . The administration of CSF significantly reduced the mortality at the end of the follow-up (RR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75-0.95), the mortality at day 30 (RR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.23-0.74) and the number of @entity1 with @entity281 or severe @entity281 (RR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.7-0.9 and RR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.3-0.75). The addition of CSF also marginally increased the number of @entity1 achieving CR (RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05-1.23). The use of CSF also shortened the duration of @entity1398 (median days, 8-17 to 12.5-24). In conclusion, CSFs can be administered to @entity981 @entity1 during myelosuppressive chemotherapy, particularly in the induction phase.

title: Colony-stimulating factors for chemotherapy-related XXXX are associated with improved prognosis in adult @entity981 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['adult ALL', 'ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

answer: @entity1398 :: (MESH:D009503,Disease) :: ['febrile neutropenia']


abstract: While amyloid infiltration of articular structures is rare, the 'shoulder-pad' sign resulting from periarticular soft tissue amyloid deposition is essentially pathognomonic for immunogloblin (Ig) ( @entity1582 ) @entity2783 . We report the characterization of an amyloid protein (GRA) which produced @entity527 and the shoulder-pad sign. Amyloid fibrils were isolated from soft tissue shoulder mass of a @entity1 with @entity1582 . The fibrils were solubilized in @entity2097 HCl and proteins separated by Sepharose chromatography. @entity535 sequence of fractionated protein was determined after tryptic digestion. Sequence analysis of the major amyloid protein yielded a kappa III Ig light chain structure. The entire variable region (VL) plus the constant region (CL) to residue 207 was identified; but lesser amounts of CL than VL were present. A number of @entity535 residues previously not observed in kappa III VL proteins, plus a two @entity535 insert (95A, 95B), were identified. Kappa III VL amyloid proteins are rare and may show an increased predilection for soft tissue deposition. While several unique @entity535 residues that were identified in protein GRA may contribute to soft tissue amyloid deposition, no definite pattern is obvious from comparison with other reported kappa III amyloid proteins.

title: Shoulder-pad sign of XXXX : structure of an Ig kappa III protein.

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['articular amyloid deposits']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid', 'Amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['systemic AL amyloidosis', 'AL']

entities_list: @entity2097 :: ('MESH:D019791', 'Chemical') :: ['guanidine']

answer: @entity2783 :: (MESH:D000686,Disease) :: ['amyloidosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lung transplantation (LTx) is a therapeutic option for @entity1 with life-threatening @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) that is refractory to conventional therapies. The survival benefit of LTx for @entity1030 is difficult to assess. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Swedish series of LTx performed to treat @entity1030 and to identify differences in outcome between @entity1030 related to severe @entity8693 ( @entity8693 ) and @entity1030 with normal alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) levels. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 342 @entity1 (128 @entity8693 and 214 non- @entity8693 ) receiving lung transplants for end stage @entity1030 from 1990 through  2012. RESULTS: The majority (71%) of @entity1 received a single lung transplant. The median survival time after LTx for all @entity1030 @entity1 was 9 years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8 to 10). Non- @entity8693 recipients had a shorter survival time than @entity8693 recipients, 6 years (95% CI: 5.0 to 8.8) versus 12 years (95% CI: 9.6 to 13.5, p  = 0.000). Mortality was higher among non- @entity8693 recipients after adjusting for age, pack-years of smoking, body mass index, @entity26 therapy use, exercise capacity, donor age, cytomegalovirus mismatch, and transplant type (hazard ratio 1.70, 95% CI: 1.02 to 2.82). The 5-year and 10-year survival rates for the @entity8693 recipients were 75% and 59%, respectively, compared with 60% and 31% for the non- @entity8693 recipients. Early deaths were mainly due to cardio/cerebrovascular accidents and @entity295 , and late deaths to @entity4154 and @entity358 . CONCLUSIONS: Survival after LTx is significantly better for @entity1 with severe @entity8693 and end stage @entity1030 than for the @entity1 with @entity1030 related to cigarette smoking.

title: Survival benefit of lung transplantation for XXXX in sweden.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity8693 :: ('MESH:D019896', 'Disease') :: ['alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency', 'AATD']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infections']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity4154 :: ('MESH:D001989', 'Disease') :: ['bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Aberrant Notch activation confers a proliferative advantage to many @entity1 @entity5 , including @entity320 . This phase 2 trial assessed the antitumor activity of @entity1134 , a gamma-secretase inhibitor of Notch signaling, with respect to the progression-free and overall survival of @entity1 with advanced @entity320 . METHODS: Chemotherapy-naive @entity1 with @entity320 of cutaneous or unknown origin were treated orally with @entity1134 at a dose of 20 mg daily 3 consecutive days per week. A 2-step accrual design was used with an interim analysis of the first 32 @entity1 and with continuation of enrollment if 4 or more of the 32 @entity1 responded. RESULTS: Thirty-six @entity1 from 23 institutions were enrolled; 32 @entity1 were evaluable. @entity1134 was well tolerated, and most @entity137 were grade 1 or 2. The most common @entity137 were @entity390 (53%), @entity1295 (41%), and @entity417 (22%). There was 1 confirmed partial response lasting 7 months, and there were 8 @entity1 with stable disease lasting at least through week 12, with 1 of these continuing for 31 months. The 6-month progression-free survival rate was 9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2%-22%), and the 1-year overall survival rate was 50% (95% CI, 32%-66%). Peripheral blood T-cell assays showed no significant inhibition of the production of @entity1199 , a surrogate pharmacodynamic marker of Notch inhibition, and this suggested that the drug levels were insufficient to achieve Notch target inhibition. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1134 showed minimal clinical activity against @entity320 in this phase 2 trial, possibly because of inadequate exposure to therapeutic drug levels. Although Notch inhibition remains a compelling target in @entity320 , the results do not support further investigation of @entity1134 with this dose and schedule. @entity5 2014.    2014 American @entity5 Society.

title: Phase 2 study of XXXX , a gamma-secretase inhibitor, in @entity320 : SWOG 0933.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'metastatic melanoma']

answer: @entity1134 :: (MESH:C545185,Chemical) :: ['RO4929097']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Remote @entity63 perconditioning (RIPerC) and remote @entity63 postconditioning (RIPostC) have been previously demonstrated to protect the myocardium against @entity63 /reperfusion (IR) injury. However, their combined effects remain to be fully elucidated. In order to investigate this, the present study used an in  vivo @entity35 model to assess whether synergistic effects are produced when RIPerC is combined with RIPostC. The @entity35 were randomly assigned to the following groups: Sham, IR, RIPerC, RIPostC and RIPerC  +  RIPostC groups. The IR model was established by performing 40  min of @entity1563 , followed by 2  h of reperfusion. RIPerC and RIPostC were induced via four cycles of 5  min occlusion and 5  min reperfusion of the hindlimbs, either during or subsequent to @entity741 . On measurement of @entity1188 sizes, compared with the IR group (49.45  6.59%), the @entity1188 sizes were significantly reduced in the RIPerC (34.36  5.87%) and RIPostC (36.04  6.16%) groups (P<0.05). However, no further reduction in @entity1188 size was observed in the RIPerC  +  RIPostC group (31.43  5.43%; P>0.05), compared with the groups treated with either RIPerC or RIPostC alone. Activation of the reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) Akt, extracellular signal  -regulated kinase  1/2 and glycogen synthase kinase  -3b, and survivor activating factor enhancement (SAFE) signal transducer and activator of transcription  -3 pathways were enhanced in the RIPerC, RIPostC and the RIPerC  +  RIPostC groups, compared with the IR group, with no difference among the three groups. Therefore, whereas RIPerC and RIPostC were equally effective in providing protection against @entity741 , the combination of RIPerC and RIPostC failed to provide further protection than treatment with either alone. The cardioprotective effects were found to be associated with increased activation of the RISK and SAFE pathways.

title: Combination of remote @entity63 perconditioning  and remote XXXX postconditioning fails to increase protection against @entity741 /reperfusion injury, compared with either alone.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['left coronary artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial IR injury', 'myocardial ischemia']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity738 are occasionally detected on biopsy specimen of the ileal pouch and their clinical implications are not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical implications of noncaseating @entity738 on histology in @entity1 with @entity4628 . METHODS: All eligible @entity1 with confirmed noncaseating @entity738 on histology of the biopsy specimens of the pouch body, afferent limb, or cuff in our prospectively maintained Pouch Registry between 2002 and 2014 were evaluated. Demographic and clinical factors were analyzed. The disease course of those @entity1 was evaluated. RESULTS: Of 1564 @entity1 in the Registry, 42 met the criteria and were included. The median duration from the pouch construction to the last visit was 9 years (range, 2-28 yr). Twenty-eight @entity1 (66.7%) developed clinical @entity30 ( @entity30 ) of the pouch, whereas 14 (33.3%) were classified as having histologic @entity30 of the pouch. Six @entity1 (21.4%) in the clinical @entity30 of the pouch group and 4 (28.6%) in the histologic @entity30 of the pouch group had @entity738 on more than 1 endoscopy. Postoperative biological therapy was administered more in the clinical @entity30 group than in the histologic @entity30 group (39.3% versus 0%, P = 0.007). Pouch-related fistulae and presacral sinus were verified more in clinical @entity30 group than the histologic @entity30 group. However, Kaplan-Meier plot showed comparable pouch survival between clinical @entity30 and histologic @entity30 groups. CONCLUSIONS: In our current study, one-third of the @entity1 with noncaseating pouch @entity738 did not develop clinical @entity30 of the pouch. With proper medical therapy, long-term pouch outcomes appeared to be similar in those @entity1 with clinical @entity30 or histologic @entity30 of the pouch.

title: Clinical Implications of Noncaseating @entity738 on Histology in XXXX with @entity4628 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['Granulomas', 'granulomas', 'granuloma']

entities_list: @entity4628 :: ('MESH:D007077', 'Disease') :: ['ileal pouches']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the capability of a configured @entity702 mesh (CTM) to serve as a mechanical and biologic device for restoring a vertically defected/resorbed alveolar ridge. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised 10 severely resorbed sites in 10 @entity1 . Pre- and post-operative ridge measurements were taken with reference to the neighboring teeth and supporting screw head base of the CTM. @entity291 bone mineral served as the augmentation filler material. The metal mesh was removed after 9 months. Subsequently, root-form, screw-type implants were placed. During the implant placement phase, cylindric bone samples were retrieved from the augmented area for histopathologic and histochemical examination. RESULTS: Upon soft tissue reflection and before augmentation, defect height, as recorded by a periodontal probe along the main threads exposed on the support screw, was between 5 and 8 mm (average 6.4 mm; SD +/- 1.17). At 9 months after augmentation, during the implant placement phase, the defect height was between 0 and 2 mm (average 1.2 mm; SD +/- 0.63). Differences were statistically significant (P < .001). Bone height gain was between 4 and 6 mm (average 5.2 mm, SD +/- 0.79), which gave an average bone fill of 81.2% (SD +/- 7.98). Polarizing microscopic examination of sections stained with Picrosirius red showed a gradual increase in new lamellar bone from coronal to apical cuts, reaching the highest area percentage in the deep apical zone. DISCUSSION: At 9 months postaugmentation using the CTM surgical technique, the quality and quantity of the newly established hard tissue appeared to be different in the coronal versus apical areas of the @entity133 . CONCLUSION: Although at 9 months postoperatively, the @entity133 had different bone content, clinicohistochemical results demonstrated that this surgical technique could be a successful and predictable procedure for rebuilding a resorbed/defected ridge to accommodate endosseous implants.

title: Vertical ridge augmentation using xenogenic material supported by a configured XXXX mesh: clinicohistopathologic and histochemical study.

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['augmented alveolar ridge', 'restored alveolar ridge']

answer: @entity702 :: (MESH:D014025,Chemical) :: ['titanium']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity38741 multiplex (SM) is an uncommon disorder, characterized by numerous skin  -colored subcutaneous cysts. A number of SM pedigrees have been identified with mutations in the @entity9531 ( @entity9531 ) gene. The present study examined a four  -generation Chinese pedigree with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance and examined its genetic basis. A review of the literature on @entity9531 gene mutations in the SM pedigree was also performed to investigate the @entity9531 gene mutation and genotype  -phenotype correlation. Exon  1 of the KRTl7 gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from genomic DNA obtained, which was obtained from 25  family members in the selected Chinese pedigree and from 100  unrelated control individuals. The DNA was then subjected to automatic DNA sequencing. Genealogical investigations demonstrated an autosomal dominant pattern, and direct sequencing of the PCR product revealed a heterozygous mutation, @entity70056 ( @entity70057 ), which was located in exon  1 of the @entity9531 gene in all 10  affected family members. The mutation was not identified in the 15  unaffected family members or in the 100  unrelated control individuals. Therefore, the present study identified a causative mutation in the @entity9531 gene in a large Chinese SM pedigree, exhibiting autosomal dominance. A review of the literature suggested that, in addition to the mutation factor, other modifying factors contribute to the phenotype of familial SM.

title: @entity38741 multiplex is associated with the XXXX mutation in the KRTl7 gene.

entities_list: @entity38741 :: ('MESH:D062685', 'Disease') :: ['Steatocystoma']

entities_list: @entity70057 :: ('p|SUB|R|94|C', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['R94C']

answer: @entity70057 :: (p|SUB|R|94|C,ProteinMutation) :: ['R94C']


abstract: PURPOSE: We examined the wound-healing effect of @entity6247 (VApal) on @entity19453 gene and protein expressions in a @entity35 @entity936 model based on lacrimal gland (LG) resection after injury. METHODS: The @entity35 @entity936 model was prepared by surgical resection of the main LG in male Long-Evans @entity35 . After alkaline injury of the central part of the lower palpebral conjunctiva bilaterally, VApal eye drops at 1,500   IU/mL in one eye and a vehicle in the fellow eye were both administered 6 times a day for 7 days. The expression of @entity19453 gene and protein was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the @entity267 and conjunctiva of @entity41055 , @entity30816 , @entity68811 , and @entity7941 after 1, 3, (5), and 7 days of treatment with VApal. RESULTS: Significant decreases in @entity941 -stained areas and rose bengal scores were observed in @entity936 compared with vehicle-treated @entity936 at both 3 (P   <   0.05) and 7 days (P   <   0.01). Significant increases in corneal @entity30816 and conjunctival rMuc5AC after 1 day (P   <   0.01) and conjunctival @entity68811 gene expression after 3 days were observed with VApal treatment (P   <   0.05). Furthermore, conjunctival @entity68811 expression significantly increased after 3 days of VApal treatment (P   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: VApal promoted corneal @entity30816 , conjunctival rMuc5AC, and conjunctival @entity68811 gene expression in a @entity35 @entity936 model after injury. VApal also promoted conjunctival @entity68811 expression. These results indicate that VApal has efficacy in improving keratoconjunctival epithelial damage associated with decreased tear production.

title: Effect of Retinol Palmitate on Corneal and Conjunctival @entity19453 Gene Expression in a XXXX Dry Eye Model After Injury.

entities_list: @entity6247 :: ('MESH:C014794', 'Chemical') :: ['retinol palmitate']

entities_list: @entity936 :: ('MESH:D015352', 'Disease') :: ['dry eye', 'dry eyes', 'VApal-treated dry eyes']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rat']


abstract: Objective. The objective is to assess the prevalence of @entity8599 among the university students and to check its association with their khat chewing habit. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional descriptive study is designed using cluster random sampling. Pretested questionnaire was administered by a trained interviewer to assess awake @entity8599 and the use of variables like khat, coffee, @entity286 , and stress. Chi-square test at 5% significance was used for assessing the association. Logistic regression was also performed after adjusting for covariates. Results. A high response rate (95%) was obtained as the distribution and collection of questionnaire was within an hour interval. 85% (63%, males; 22%, females) experienced an episode of @entity8599 at least one time in the past six months. Regression analysis revealed an association of stress (P = 0.00; OR = 5.902, 95% CI 2.614-13.325) and khat use (P = 0.05; OR = 1.629, 95% CI 0.360-7.368) with @entity8599 . Interestingly, it is observed that the one who chew khat experienced 3.56 times (95% CI; 2.62-11.22) less @entity158 when compared to the nonusers. Conclusion. This study is the first of its kind to assess the association of @entity8599 with khat chewing. High amount of stress and khat use can be considered as important risk indicators for awake @entity8599 .

title: Association of Awake Bruxism with Khat, Coffee, XXXX , and Stress among Jazan University Students.

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['Tobacco']


abstract: In this study, we focused on evaluating the occurrence of extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL)-producing @entity526 in fecal samples of healthy @entity4186 and environmental samples from a @entity4186 farm in South China. @entity4186 cloacal swabs and pond water samples were cultivated on MacConkey agar plates supplemented with ceftiofur. Individual colonies were examined for ESBL production. Bacteria identified as @entity526 were screened for the presence of ESBL and plasmid-borne AmpC genes. The genetic relatedness, plasmid replicon type, and genetic background were determined. Of 245 samples analyzed, 123 had @entity526 isolates with ceftiofur MICs higher than 8  g/ml (116 [50.4%] from 230 @entity4186 samples and 7 [46.7%] from 15 water samples). bla( @entity3525 -M), bla(SHV-12), bla(CMY-2), and bla( @entity4601 -1) were identified in 108, 5, 9, and 1 isolates, respectively. The most common bla( @entity3525 -M) genes were bla( @entity3525 -M-27) (n = 34), bla( @entity3525 -M-55) (n = 27), bla( @entity3525 -M-24e) (n = 22), and bla( @entity3525 -M-105) (n = 20), followed by bla( @entity3525 -M-14a), bla( @entity3525 -M-14b), bla( @entity3525 -M-24a), and bla( @entity3525 -M-24b). Although most of the @entity3525 -M producers had distinct pulsotypes, clonal transmission between @entity4186 and water isolates was observed. bla( @entity3525 -M) genes were carried by transferable IncN, IncF, and untypeable plasmids. The novel @entity3525 -M gene bla( @entity3525 -M-105) was flanked by two hypothetical protein sequences, partial ISEcp1 upstream and truncated IS903D, @entity68 , orf1, and a Tn1721-like element downstream. It is suggested that the horizontal transfer of bla( @entity3525 -M) genes mediated by mobile elements and the clonal spread of @entity3525 -M-producing @entity526 isolates contributed to the dissemination of bla( @entity3525 -M) in the @entity4186 farm. Our findings highlight the importance of @entity4186 for the dissemination of transferable antibiotic resistance genes into the environment.

title: Characterization of extended-spectrum b-lactamase genes found among XXXX isolates from @entity4186 and environmental samples obtained on a @entity4186 farm.

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: The expression of the maltose system in @entity526 is regulated at both transcriptional and translational levels by the pH of the growth medium (pHo). With @entity653 as the @entity505 source, transcription of malT, encoding the transcriptional activator of the maltose regulon, is weaker in acidic medium than in alkaline medium. malT transcription became high, regardless of the pHo, when @entity7685 or @entity4588 was used as the @entity505 source. Conversely, malT expression was low, regardless of the pHo, when @entity7969 was used as the @entity505 source. The increase in malT transcription, associated with the pHo, requires the presence of @entity653 in the growth medium and the expression of the @entity653 kinase (GlpK). Changes in the level of glpK transcription had a great effect on malT transcription. Indeed, a glpFKX promoter-down mutation has been isolated, and in the presence of this mutation, malT expression was increased. When glpK was expressed from a high-copy-number plasmid, the glpK-dependent reduced expression of the maltose system became effective regardless of the pHo. Analysis of this repression showed that a malTp1 malTp10 promoter, which is independent of the @entity1919 ( @entity268 )- @entity268 receptor protein (CRP) complex, was no longer repressed by glpFKX amplification. Thus, GlpK-dependent repression of the maltose system requires the @entity268 -CRP complex. We propose that the pHo may affect a complex interplay between GlpK, the phosphotransferase-mediated uptake of @entity413 , and the adenylate cyclase.

title: External-pH-dependent expression of the maltose regulon and ompF gene in XXXX is affected by the level of @entity653 kinase, encoded by glpK.

entities_list: @entity4588 :: ('MESH:D019802', 'Chemical') :: ['succinate']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity7685 :: ('MESH:C029620', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol-3-phosphate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Major joints of the lower limbs are commonly affected by @entity309 ( @entity309 ), with consequent @entity158 , loss of function, and progressive disability. Knee replacement represents a useful solution, but a highly constrained implant design is often needed in order to face the severe anatomical @entity85 and the gross instability that the surgeon may encounter in the rheumatoid knee. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this work was to evaluate the @entity30284 -Model(  ) rotating hinge knee prosthesis implanted in @entity1 affected by @entity309 and severely damaged knees. @entity1 AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated a series of 38  @entity1 with @entity309 implanted with the @entity30284 -Model(  ) rotating hinge knee prosthesis for primary or revision surgery (mean follow-up 6.1  years; mean age at surgery 71.5  years). At the time of surgery, the mean duration of @entity309 was 13.2  years. @entity1 were evaluated clinically and radiographically and the Knee Society Score (KSS) was used. RESULTS: Implant survival at most recent follow-up was 91.7   %. Mean final knee flexion was 102.7     . The mean KSS was 93.5 (excellent) and 67.1 (good) for clinical and functional score, respectively. Mild @entity158 was present in 10  @entity1 . No sign of @entity893 or residual instability was found. No evidence of loosening or implant failure was observed in x-rays. CONCLUSION: The @entity30284 -Model(  ) rotating hinge knee prosthesis provides excellent @entity158 relief, functional recovery, and intrinsic knee stability both in complex primary and in revision knee arthroplasty in the majority of @entity1 with severely affected @entity309 .

title: The XXXX -Model(  ) rotating hinge for @entity309 : Functional results in primary and revision surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid knees', 'rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformities']

entities_list: @entity893 :: ('MESH:D017760', 'Disease') :: ['malalignment']

answer: @entity30284 :: (79694,Gene) :: ['Endo']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of applying lung autotransplantation technique in the treatment of @entity2 of the @entity1315 . METHODS: Two @entity1 underwent @entity14485 upper and middle bilobectomy. Because the length of resected bronchus or pulmonary artery involved by @entity5 was too long to perform tension-free @entity254 , we had to transplant the lower lobar vein into the proximal stump of the upper lobar vein. Another two @entity1 underwent pneumonectomy firstly, because we could not perform sleeve lobectomy in suit as the @entity5 extended through the oblique fissure to the margin of the lower lobe. Subsequently, we resected the @entity5 parts at a separate table, and replanted the preservable part of the lung into the chest. RESULTS: Being followed up to December 1999, the @entity1 1, 3 and 4 had been alive with @entity5 free for 31, 18 and 13 months. The @entity1 1 and 3 had a good living quality but the @entity1 4 had a very poor activity. The @entity1 4 received resection of the replanted lung for pulmonary artery bronchus @entity456 on the 42nd day after operation. The second @entity1 died of tension pneumothorax associated with @entity292 on the 19th day after operation. CONCLUSION: Lung autotransplantation is an alternative technique for pulmonary preservation in @entity1 with @entity5 of the @entity1315 whose cardiopulmonary function is too poor to undergo pneumonectomy.

title: Lung autotransplantation technique for treating XXXX of @entity1315 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'stage III central lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['central lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity14485 :: ('MESH:D005671', 'Disease') :: ['double-sleeve right']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['upper lobe']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopleural fistula']

entities_list: @entity456 :: ('MESH:D010995', 'Disease') :: ['pleural fistula']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['central lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Ultrasound is a widespread noninvasive method of prenatal diagnosis. The detection of fetal abnormalities can provoke @entity148 , which needs coping. The coping process of pregnant @entity1 with different risk conditions for fetal abnormality were studied in a longitudinal design and compared with a nonrisk control group of @entity1 with healthy uncomplicated pregnancies. METHODS: The coping strategies of @entity1 (n=664) during the second trimester were assessed with a questionnaire [Heim E, Augustiny KF, Blaser A, Schaffner L. Berner Bew  ltigungsformen (BEFO) Handbuch. Bern: Huber, 1991]. Data were collected at three points in time: immediately before the ultrasound scanning for @entity2241 , at 5-6 and 10-12 weeks after the prenatal ultrasound examination. Questionnaires were also used to collect information about sociodemographic data, @entity148 , pregnancy data and personality. RESULTS: The analysis of the coping strategies of @entity1 with high-risk pregnancies (n=497) and as well of these with no-risk conditions in the control group (n=167) revealed three different factors of coping: Factor I: positive emotional attitude/distance, Factor II: negative emotional attitude/disapproval and Factor III: active coping. At all three points in time, Factor I correlated significantly with @entity148 decrease, Factor II with increase and Factor III did not correlate with @entity148 at all. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with risk-pregnancies used coping strategies similar to those @entity1 in the control-group. Different spectrums of coping strategies corresponded significantly to increasing or decreasing @entity148 . These @entity1 with high levels of @entity148 , especially, should be offered sensitive care or psychotherapeutic counseling, as their coping processes did not lead to successful coping in the form of a reduction in @entity148 .

title: Coping styles of pregnant XXXX after prenatal ultrasound screening for @entity2241 .

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['fetal malformation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4616 Background: @entity3004 ( @entity3004 ) are known to have a phenomenon called "benign ethnic neutropenia ( @entity1398 )." This is well described in both the hematology and oncology literature and has been implicated as a source of disparity in @entity5 outcomes among AAs. Since @entity3004 are more likely to have pathological subtypes of @entity263 , this investigation sought to determine if absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and therefore @entity1398 is associated with adverse pathologic findings following radical prostatectomy (RP) within a cohort of @entity3004 @entity1 . METHODS: The IRB-approved Columbia University urologic oncology database was retrospectively reviewed for all @entity1 undergoing a RP who met inclusion criteria: @entity3004 race, pre-operative CBC with differential, and known final RP pathology. @entity1398 was defined as ANC level <= 1.5x10(9)/L (1.5). Clinical and pathological variables were characterized within the @entity3004 cohort and linear regression analysis was performed. The primary outcome was adverse @entity5 grade, defined as Gleason score 8-10. RESULTS: From 1994 to 2010, a total of 331 @entity1 were identified. In this cohort, 18 (5.5%) @entity1 with an ANC <= 1.5 were identified; the mean age was 59.9    7.5 years and mean follow-up time was 48.9    43.1 months. There were 273 (82.48%) @entity1 with pathological Gleason score 2-7 and 58 (17.52%) @entity1 with Gleason score 8-10 (p=0.045). Between the @entity1398 and non- @entity1398 cohorts, there was no significant difference in age, race, preoperative PSA, gleason score, node status, or @entity5 margins (p>0.05). The two groups differed with respect to pathologic gleason score: a higher percentage of @entity1398 @entity1 had Gleason score >= 8 than non- @entity1398 @entity1 (38.9% vs 16.3%; p=0.045). Univariable regression analysis showed that ANC <= 1.5 was associated with adverse @entity5 grade (HR 1.25, CI 1.05-1.50; p=0.014). Multivariable regression analysis showed that ANC <= 1.5 was an independent predictor of adverse @entity5 grade (HR 1.24, CI 1.02-1.51; p=0.030). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1398 in AAs predicts adverse @entity5 grade at prostatectomy. Further studies are necessary to better understand the pathogenesis of @entity263 , particularly as it relates to the African American population.

title: Does absolute neutrophil count predict adverse @entity5 grade in African American XXXX with @entity263 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['Neutropenia', 'BEN', 'neutropenic']

entities_list: @entity3004 :: ('MESH:C537904', 'Disease') :: ['AA', 'African Americans']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: @entity1904 (PCT) is one of the precursors in the synthesis of @entity175 in thyroidal C-cells and other neuroendocrine cells. PCT, among other @entity175 precursors, is elevated in the serum of many conditions associated with a systemic @entity32 , even in the absence of the thyroid gland. The aim of our study was to identify PCT-producing extrathyroidal tissues in primate @entity295 . In order to induce PCT production, we treated four @entity3474 ( @entity3474 ) with the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from @entity2491 . We found an increase in serum PCT 3 to 5 hours after LPS injection to levels of 0.2 ng/ml, attaining a peak above 4 ng/ml PCT at 10 hours. In contrast, the untreated @entity3474 had no detectable circulating PCT in the serum. In one animal, additional LPS boosting after 24 hours did not increase serum PCT further. Soluble proteins were extracted from different organs, fractionated by C18 extraction, and PCT was measured in an immunoluminometric assay (ILMA), which was specifically developed for this study. PCT concentrations above 0.2 ng/g of wet tissue were found in a variety of organs in LPS treated @entity6599 , but not in the control @entity3474 . Organs and tissues with the highest PCT concentration included liver, kidney, aorta, fat, ovaries, bladder and adrenal gland. RT-PCR confirmed an extrathyroidal origin of PCT. Importantly, CT-mRNA expression was found in liver, lung, kidney, adrenal, colon, skin, spleen, brain and pancreas. In conclusion, our data confirm previous findings in hamsters, indicating an extrathyroidal origin for PCT in @entity295 . Our primate model offers a valuable tool for further investigation of PCT's pathophysiological role and its immunoneutralization as a therapy for @entity295 .

title: Production of XXXX (PCT) in non-thyroidal tissue after LPS injection.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory response syndrome']

entities_list: @entity175 :: ('MESH:D002116', 'Chemical') :: ['calcitonin']

entities_list: @entity1904 :: ('MESH:C029100', 'Chemical') :: ['Procalcitonin']

entities_list: @entity3474 :: ('9555', 'Species') :: ['olive baboons', 'baboon', 'papio cynocephalus anubis']

answer: @entity1904 :: (MESH:C029100,Chemical) :: ['procalcitonin']


abstract: Radiotherapy is an important treatment option for many @entity1 @entity5 . Current research is investigating the use of molecular targeted drugs in order to improve responses to radiotherapy in various @entity5 . The cellular response to irradiation is driven by both direct DNA damage in the targeted cell and intercellular signalling leading to a broad range of bystander effects. This study aims to elucidate radiation-induced DNA damage response signalling in bystander cells and to identify potential molecular targets to modulate the radiation induced bystander response in a therapeutic setting. Stalled replication forks in T98G bystander cells were visualised via @entity1603 ( @entity1603 ) nuclear foci detection at sites of single stranded DNA. yH2AX co-localised with these @entity1603 foci. @entity5345 and @entity24749 foci formed in T98G bystander cells. Using @entity15126 mutant F02-98 hTERT and ATM deficient GM05849 fibroblasts it could be shown that @entity15126 but not ATM was required for the recruitment of @entity24749 to sites of replication associated DNA damage in bystander cells whereas @entity5345 bystander foci were ATM-dependent. Phospho- @entity23902 foci formation was observed in T98G bystander cells. Clonogenic survival assays showed moderate radiosensitisation of directly irradiated cells by the @entity23902 inhibitor @entity42840 but increased radioresistance of bystander cells. This study identifies @entity5345 , @entity24749 and @entity23902 as potential targets for the modulation of radiation response in bystander cells. It adds to our understanding of the key molecular events propagating out-of-field effects of radiation and provides a rationale for the development of novel molecular targeted drugs for radiotherapy optimisation.

title: XXXX , @entity24749 and @entity23902 are potential molecular targets for the modulation of a radiation-induced DNA damage response in bystander cells.

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BrdU', 'bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

answer: @entity5345 :: (672,Gene) :: ['BRCA1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Elevated plasma @entity112 levels are considered to play a part in the pathophysiology of hemodialysis-related @entity111 . However, antihistaminic therapy often fails to provide sufficient relief. Elevated @entity750 levels in @entity1 on dialysis therapy have also been described but the effects of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists on hemodialysis-related @entity111 remain controversial. METHODS: we conducted a study to determine plasma @entity112 and @entity750 levels before and after treatment with 5-HT3 receptor antagonists (tropisetron 5 mg and @entity3974 8 mg) and an @entity16206 ( @entity14746 10 mg). Eleven hemodialysis @entity1 with a history of @entity111 participated in this study,10 healthy volunteers served as control group. RESULTS: @entity112 and @entity750 values were normal in @entity1 and controls. Treatment with @entity14746 did not significantly reduce @entity112 levels in @entity1 or in controls. Tropisetron and ondansetron likewise did not alter @entity750 levels in @entity1 . Tropisetron treatment did not significantly change @entity750 levels in controls. CONCLUSION: @entity112 and @entity750 are no major mediators of @entity111 in hemodialysis @entity1 . Elevated @entity112 levels are occassionally seen and may be due to the increased mast cell number found in a subgroup of hemodialysis @entity1 . Our findings explain the only marginal relief of antihistamines and the controversial antipruritic effect of @entity750 receptor antagonists in hemodialysis-related @entity111 .

title: Plasma XXXX and @entity112 levels in hemodialysis-related @entity111 are not significantly influenced by 5-HT3 receptor blocker and antihistaminic therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity16206 :: ('CHEBI:37956', 'Chemical') :: ['antihistamine']

entities_list: @entity3974 :: ('MESH:D017294', 'Chemical') :: ['ondansetron']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity14746 :: ('MESH:D017332', 'Chemical') :: ['cetirizine']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['Histamine', 'histamine']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['serotonin']


abstract: This study was carried out for three years from 1968 to 1970. Three coastal villages and four remote islets of Che Ju Island were surveyed and 90% of all inhabitants were blood smeared. These study areas were grouped into five according to its characteristic for evaluation of mass treatment with @entity6566 (Hetrazan U.S.P.) and insecticide spray in control of @entity1 @entity6565 . To set baseline up for control group, placebo was administered. Followings are the results obtained: 1. 81.1% of all mf positives accepted and completed the mass chemotherapy; main reason for refusal was side reactions told by neighboring villagers who experienced them. 2. 6 mg of @entity6566 /kg B.W. X12 doses given every day turned mf postives to mf negative in 92.1%. The @entity1 who had high mf density remained mf positive in 16.5% whereas only 2.1% for low mf density. 3. 73.8% of mf positives after the treatment showed marked decrease in mf density. Most of them to less than 15n mg/20 mm(3) of blood that can not infect mosquito effectively. 4. Mosquito infection rates were also dropped markedly in areas where mf positive were mass treated. 5. Side reaction induced by @entity6566 was frequent(64%-90%) and various. The most frequent symptom was @entity10 and @entity221 . 6. DDT spray did not influence @entity1 mf rate and mosquito infection rate.

title: Efficacy Of Mass Treatment For Control Of XXXX Filariasis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6565 :: ('MESH:D005368', 'Disease') :: ['filariasis']

entities_list: @entity6566 :: ('MESH:D004049', 'Chemical') :: ['diethylcarbamazine', 'diethylcarbamazine citrate', 'hetrazan']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Presence of numerous diet responsive comorbidities and high @entity731 among adults with @entity613 demands attention is given to diet in an effort to delay progression of @entity3657 . The aim of this study was to compare diet of adults with @entity613 : (a) against dietary recommendations; (b) following 12  weeks of supervised exercise training; and (c) against @entity3657 controls. METHODS: Diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire pre and post supervised exercise training. Pre-exercise diet was compared against Suggested Dietary Targets and against @entity3657 controls matched for gender, age and body weight. Pre-exercise diet was also compared against post-exercise diet. RESULTS: Pre-exercise 25/31 @entity1 , 5/31 @entity1 , 16/31 @entity1 and 4/31 @entity1 achieved recommendations for protein, @entity1735 , total fat and saturated fat respectively. Few achieved recommended intakes for fibre (3/31 @entity1 ), @entity165 (8/31 @entity1 ), @entity1501 (11/31 @entity1 ), @entity972 (1/31 @entity1 ), @entity1372 (4/31 @entity1 ), @entity904 equivalents (1/31 @entity1 ) and @entity620 (3/31 @entity1 ). There were no differences observed between @entity1 compared to controls in achievement of recommendations. Post-exercise, marginally more @entity1 were able to achieve targets for @entity165 , @entity1372 and @entity620 but not for any other nutrients. CONCLUSIONS: Despite evidence to support benefits of dietary modification in risk reduction of @entity3657 , adults with @entity613 continue to consume poor diets. Research is required to determine whether dietary changes can be achieved with greater attention to nutrition counselling and the impact assessed in terms of delayed disease progression and long term health outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01871779.

title: Change in dietary intake of adults with XXXX undergoing a supervised exercise program and compared to matched controls.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral artery disease', 'non-peripheral artery disease']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin C']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['retinol']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['intermittent claudication']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic burden']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity613 :: (MESH:D007383,Disease) :: ['intermittent claudication']


abstract: Ninety-four @entity1 with classical @entity814 are reviewed. Early treatment with a low @entity815 diet usually results in normal or near-normal I.Q. Twenty-seven of the 38 @entity1 diagnosed before 2 months of age have an I.Q. in the normal range. Of the other 11, six are dull normal, four are borderline and one is @entity1032 . Adequate reasons are given for the less than optimal results in these 11 early-treated @entity1 . Twenty-one of the 28 @entity1 presenting with abnormal electroencephalograms showed normal tracings soon after initiation of diet and four of the other seven improved. Nine of 12 on continuous anticonvulsant medication at the time of presentation were able to discontinue this soon after institution of dietary measures. Eighteen of the 19 sibling pair comparisons revealed a better ultimate I.Q. in the early-treated sib. A plea for early diagnosis by continuation of newborn screening programs and for centralization of diagnostic confirmation and treatment is made.

title: The efficacy of dietary therapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['frankly retarded']

entities_list: @entity815 :: ('CHEBI:28044', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylalanine']

entities_list: @entity814 :: ('MESH:D010661', 'Disease') :: ['phenylketonuria']

answer: @entity814 :: (MESH:D010661,Disease) :: ['phenylketonuria']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Organized acute @entity64 treatment reduces mortality, functional deficits, and the need of institutionalization after @entity64 . It is largely unknown whether the effects of treatment are due to early or subacute efforts. The aim of this randomized, controlled study was to test the hypothesis that rehabilitation of @entity64 @entity1 in the subacute phase in a hospital rehabilitation unit is beneficial in reducing @entity204 and dependency and increasing health-related quality of life. METHODS: 251 @entity1 initially treated in the hospital were randomized to subacute rehabilitation in a hospital rehabilitation unit (n = 127) or to the health services in the municipality (n = 124) and were followed up for 7 months. RESULTS: The combined outcome of @entity1 being dead or dependent (Barthel Index score of < 75) was 23% in the hospital group and 38% in the municipality group (P=.01). Seven-month survival rates were 90.6% and 83.9% (P=.11), respectively. Dependency in activities of daily living was 12.6% in the hospital group and 25.0% in the municipality group (P=.07). @entity1 with a BI score of < 50 before rehabilitation had significantly better outcome in the hospital rehabilitation unit, with fewer @entity1 becoming dependent (P=.005) and @entity1 having higher Scandinavian @entity64 Scale (P=.026) and BI scores (P=.005). No significant differences in health-related quality of life were found. Many @entity1 treated in the municipalities (30%) did not receive any organized rehabilitation in this study. CONCLUSIONS: Subacute rehabilitation of @entity64 @entity1 in a hospital-based rehabilitation unit improves outcome. @entity1 with moderate or severe @entity64 appear to benefit most.

title: Outcome of subacute XXXX rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: AIM: In this study, it was aimed to investigate which method was superior by applying selective head cooling or whole body cooling therapy in newborns diagnosed with moderate or severe @entity519 ischemic @entity75 . MATERIALS AND METHOD: Newborns above the 35th gestational age diagnosed with moderate or severe @entity519 ischemic @entity75 were included in the study and selective head cooling or whole body cooling therapy was performed randomly. The newborns who were treated by both methods were compared in terms of adverse effects in the early stage and in terms of short-term results. Ethics committee approval was obtained for the study (06.01.2010/35). RESULTS: Fifty three babies diagnosed with @entity519 ischemic @entity75 were studied. Selective head cooling was applied to 17 babies and whole body cooling was applied to 12 babies. There was no significant difference in terms of adverse effects related to cooling therapy between the two groups. When the short-term results were examined, it was found that the hospitalization time was 34 (7-65) days in the selective head cooling group and 18 (7-57) days in the whole body cooling group and there was no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.097). Four @entity1 in the selective head cooling group and two @entity1 in the whole body cooling group were discharged with tracheostomy because of the need for prolonged mechanical ventilation and there was no difference between the groups in terms of discharge with tracheostomy (p=0.528). Five @entity1 in the selective head cooling group and three @entity1 in the whole body cooling group were discharged with a @entity5274 because they could not be fed orally and there was no difference between the groups in terms of discharge with a @entity5274 (p=0.586). One @entity1 who was applied selective head cooling and one @entity1 who was applied whole body cooling died during hospitalization and there was no difference between the groups in terms of mortality (p=0.665). CONCLUSIONS: There is no difference between the methods of selective head cooling and whole body cooling in terms of adverse effects and short-term results.

title: Comparison of selective head cooling therapy and whole body cooling therapy in newborns with XXXX ischemic @entity75 : short term results.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['gastrostomy tube']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxic']


abstract: AIMS: We performed a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in @entity1 with @entity298 to compare the impact of proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 @entity563 protease ( @entity756 ) inhibitors with placebo and @entity3709 on lipid levels and outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS: MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for RCTs assessing @entity756 inhibitors vs. other therapies in @entity1 with @entity298 . Network meta-analysis with both a frequentist approach and a Bayesian framework was performed to directly and indirectly compare @entity756 inhibition on lipid levels with @entity3709 and placebo. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (OR [95% CIs]) were generated with random-effects models to compare outcomes. Our meta-analysis included 17 RCTs with 13 083 @entity1 that were randomized to @entity756 inhibitors (n = 8250), placebo (n = 3957), @entity3709 (n = 846), or @entity756 inhibitors and @entity3709 (n = 30). The mean age was 59    10, 52% were male, 34% had @entity453 , 51% had @entity101 , 19% had @entity6 , baseline LDL of 122    36 mg/dL, total @entity165 of 199    39 mg/dL, and HDL of 51    14 mg/dL. inhibitors significantly reduced LDL @entity165 by 57% relative to placebo (P < 0.001) and 36.1% relative to @entity3709 (P < 0.001). Proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 @entity563 protease inhibitors reduced the incidence of all-cause mortality [OR 0.43 (95% CI 0.22-0.82), P = 0.01] but was associated with an increased incidence of neurocognitive adverse events [OR 2.34 (95% CI 1.11-4.93), I(2) = 4%, P = 0.02] when compared with placebo. CONCLUSION: Proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 @entity563 protease inhibition significantly improved lipid profiles and reduced the incidence of all-cause mortality compared with placebo but had a higher rate of neurocognitive adverse events. Thus, @entity756 inhibitor therapy may serve as an alternative for @entity1 with statin intolerance and for those who do not respond to other lipid reduction therapy.

title: The impact of proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 XXXX protease inhibitors on lipid levels and outcomes in @entity1 with @entity298 : a network meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity3709 :: ('MESH:C108606', 'Chemical') :: ['ezetimibe']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['primary hypercholesterolaemia']

answer: @entity563 :: (CHEBI:17822,Chemical) :: ['serine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4558 red pulp small @entity1892 (SDRPL) is considered an indolent @entity5 and its pathogenesis is not well known. We investigated the molecular characteristics of 19 SDRPL @entity1 , 5 of them with progressive disease. IGHV genes were mutated in 9/13 (69%). Cytogenetic and molecular studies identified complex karyotypes in 2 cases, and @entity7513 rearrangements in 3, with @entity5953 and potentially @entity13663 as partners in each one of them. Copy number arrays showed aberrations in 69% of the @entity5 , including recurrent losses of 10q23, 14q31-q32, and 17p13 in 3, and 9p21 in 2 cases. Deletion of 7q31.3-q32.3 was present in only 1 case and no trisomies 3 or 18 were detected. @entity125 and @entity12363 were mutated in 2 cases each, whereas @entity817 , @entity876 , and @entity19982 were mutated each in single cases. No mutations were found in @entity126 or @entity4100 . Four of the 5 @entity1 with @entity146 had mutations in @entity125 (2 cases), @entity876 (1 case), and @entity12363 (1 case). The progression-free survival of @entity1 with mutated genes was significantly shorter than in the unmutated (P=0.011). These findings show that SDRPL share some mutated genes but not chromosomal alterations, with other @entity706 , that may confer a more @entity146 .

title: @entity125 , @entity876 , and XXXX Mutations in Splenic Diffuse Red Pulp @entity1892 Are Associated With Progressive Disease.

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['splenic lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive behavior', 'aggressive disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity4558 :: ('MESH:D013158', 'Disease') :: ['Splenic diffuse']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma']

answer: @entity12363 :: (5604,Gene) :: ['MAP2K1']


abstract: Antibodies were raised to @entity121 ( @entity121 ) enriched fractions obtained from brains of individuals with @entity195 by extraction with ionic detergent followed by @entity969 gradient centrifugation. Electron microscopic examination showed that the fractions were enriched in @entity195 but contained also lipofuscin, amyloid, granular material and membranous elements. Analysis of these fractions with @entity214 -PAGE stained with Coomassie blue showed only a faint band at approximately 60 kDa while most of the material was excluded from the stacking gel. BALB/c @entity19 were injected weekly with 100 or 200 micrograms of these fractions or corresponding fractions from age-matched control brains. The 3 @entity19 injected with Alzheimer brain, but not the 5 @entity19 injected with control brain fractions, produced antibodies that reacted with central and peripheral nervous system axons, @entity3072 in intact tissue as well as with isolated, @entity214 -treated paired helical filaments. In gel strips antibodies from all 3 @entity19 injected with Alzheimer brain fractions reacted with the 200-kDa and 168-kDa but not the 68-kDa neurofilament subunits. The 3 antisera reacted also with some forms of the @entity32328 . Adsorptions with the insoluble fraction from Alzheimer but not from control brains blocked staining of axons and NFT by all 3 antisera. Adsorption with highly purified neurofilament proteins or with a preparation containing the 200-kDa and 168-kDa neurofilament subunits blocked axon and NFT immunostaining only in one antiserum. Adsorptions with microtubule protein, heat-stable microtubule-associated protein, or a preparation of tau did not completely block immunostaining by any of the 3 antisera. These results demonstrate that fractions enriched with @entity195 helical filaments contain insoluble neurofilament, tau and other yet unidentified antigens.

title: Antibodies to the neuronal cytoskeleton are elicited by Alzheimer XXXX fractions.

entities_list: @entity3072 :: ('MESH:C536599', 'Disease') :: ['Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity32328 :: ('17762(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['microtubule-associated protein tau']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['Alzheimer PHF', 'Alzheimer disease', 'Alzheimer paired']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['PHF', 'paired helical filament']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['paired helical filament']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Oncocytes are epithelial cells characterized by their abundant eosinophilic and finely granular cytoplasm.   Their histologic appearance is due to excessive amounts of cytoplasmic mitochondria. Oncocytes generally occur in the setting of @entity5 . @entity1637 , or @entity5 composed primarily of oncocytes, are typically found in the kidneys. Other common sites include the salivary, thyroid, and parathyroid glands. @entity42779 has only been rarely reported in various cutaneous @entity5 .   We report a case of an elderly male presenting with a 5 millimeter erythematous papule on his left scalp, who underwent a shave biopsy showing a nodular, dermal-based @entity5 with prominent ductal differentiation, composed of multiple small, well-formed lumina surrounded by enlarged, bland-appearing epithelioid cells. @entity5822 , EMA, and mCEA immunohistochemical stains were positive, consistent with adnexal differentiation. PTAH and LFB stains highlighted the cytoplasmic granules, consistent with mitochondria.   The overall findings were consistent with oncocytic nodular @entity13152 . Oncocytic @entity13152 is a very rare entity, with only 1 previously reported case in the literature.

title: A Rare Case of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity42779 :: ('MESH:C535584', 'Disease') :: ['Oncocytic metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity1637 :: ('MESH:D018249', 'Disease') :: ['Oncocytomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['adnexal tumor', 'benign neoplasms', 'neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity13152 :: ('MESH:D018250', 'Disease') :: ['hidradenoma']

answer: @entity13152 :: (MESH:D018250,Disease) :: ['Cutaneous Oncocytic Hidradenoma']


abstract: Micelacking both @entity36216 and both @entity47154 K+ channel alleles display severe @entity51 such as @entity400 , @entity2045 , and @entity2055 . Micelacking one to three alleles at the @entity36216 and Kv3.3 loci exhibit in an allele dose-dependent manner a modest degree of @entity2055 . Cerebellar granule cells coexpress @entity36216 and Kv3.3 K+ channels and are therefore candidate neurons that might be involved in these @entity146 . Hence, we investigated the synaptic mechanisms of transmission in the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell system. Action potentials of parallel fibers were broader in @entity19 lacking both @entity36216 and both @entity47154 alleles and in @entity19 lacking both @entity36216 and a single @entity47154 allele compared with those of wild-type @entity19 . The transmission of high-frequency trains of action potentials was only impaired at 200 Hz but not at 100 Hz in @entity19 lacking both @entity36216 and Kv3.3 genes. However, paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) at parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses was dramatically reduced in a gene dose-dependent manner in @entity19 lacking @entity36216 or @entity47154 alleles. Normal PPF could be restored by reducing the extracellular @entity141 concentration indicating that increased activity-dependent presynaptic @entity141 influx, at least in part caused the altered @entity2848 in mutant @entity19 . Induction of metabotropic @entity2227 receptor-mediated EPSCs was facilitated, whereas longterm @entity308 was not impaired but rather facilitated in @entity36216 / @entity47154 double-knockout @entity19 . These results demonstrate the importance of Kv3 @entity972 channels in regulating the dynamics of synaptic transmission at the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapse and suggest a correlation between short-term plasticity at the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapse and motor performance.

title: Motor dysfunction and altered synaptic transmission at the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapse in XXXX lacking @entity972 channels Kv3.1 and Kv3.3.

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral deficits']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonus']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['motor deficits']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['ataxic gait', 'ataxia']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe the operative procedure and report the clinical outcomes of articular surface reconstruction for various @entity2720 using autologous osteochondral grafts from the knee. METHODS: Ten @entity1 underwent articular surface reconstruction for @entity2720 with autologous osteochondral grafts from the patellofemoral joint. Mean @entity1 age was 35 years (range, 15-52 y). The @entity1 were followed for an average of 48 months (range, 16-89 mo). Arthroplasty was performed on the metacarpophalangeal joint in 4 cases, and on the proximal interphalangeal joint in 6 cases. The @entity1 ' clinical outcomes were evaluated with joint range of motion, visual analog scale (0-10 points), and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score. Histological examination was performed in 3 cases after surgery. RESULTS: Graft union was confirmed in all cases without radiographic evidence of resorption or @entity39 . Follow-up radiographic examinations showed good graft incorporation without signs of @entity571 such as joint space narrowing. The finger flexion-extension arc improved significantly from an average of 21   to 61  . The mean visual analog scale also improved significantly from 7.0 to 1.5. The mean total active motion showed a significant improvement from 151   before surgery to 201   after surgery, and the mean DASH score improved significantly from 33 to 12. There were no significant differences for the arc of finger motion and DASH score between metacarpophalangeal and proximal @entity2720 or between hemiarthroplasty and @entity2720 . Histological examination revealed viable chondrocytes in the implanted cartilage. CONCLUSIONS: Autologous osteochondral grafting from the patellofemoral joint provided satisfactory outcomes and may be a useful option for joint surface reconstruction of traumatic or @entity179 . TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic IV.

title: Joint Arthroplasty With Osteochondral Grafting From the Knee for Posttraumatic or XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative hand joint disorders']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['total joint arthroplasty', 'hand joint disorders', 'interphalangeal joint disorders']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['Degenerative Hand Joint Disorders']


abstract: @entity4553 can not always be done immediately because of long waiting lists. In this study, 209 consecutive @entity1 (mean age 48 years, 93% female) with a @entity158 were randomized into 3 groups: immediate operation or 1 year waiting with or without foot orthoses. The follow-up period was 2 years. The main outcome measurement was the intensity of @entity158 during walking. During the first year, 64/71, 0/69 and 4/69 @entity1 were operated on in the surgery, orthosis and no orthosis groups, respectively, and during the 2-year follow-up, 66, 43 and 48, respectively. At the 1-year follow-up, the @entity158 was least intense in the surgery group. At the 2-year follow-up, the intensity of @entity158 was similar in all groups. The satisfaction with treatment was best in the surgery and orthosis groups. The total costs of care were similar in all groups. We conclude that immediate operation is superior to delayed operation or foot orthoses. However, if this is not possible because of limited possibilities for surgery, waiting for 1 year, with or without an orthosis, does not jeopardize the final outcome.

title: @entity4553 : immediate operation versus 1 year of waiting with or without orthoses: a randomized controlled trial of 209 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4553 :: ('MESH:D006215', 'Disease') :: ['Hallux valgus operations']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful hallux valgus']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: One-hundred-fourteen consecutive cases of venography after primary uncemented total hip replacement were performed in a randomized trial to identify the natural incidence of @entity1150 , the effectiveness of prophylactic regimens such as 1.2 grams of @entity117 daily and low-molecular-weight dextran for 3 days, and other relative factors for the development of @entity49 . In addition, intraoperative venography was conducted in 10 @entity1 to study the speed of the flow of contrast media in the femoral vein and the development of @entity1150 and the extent of the twisting of the femoral vein during hip joint manipulation. The incidence of @entity49 in the control, @entity117 , and dextran prophylaxis groups were 20%, 11.5%, and 5.2% respectively. The incidence in the @entity117 group was reduced, but this was statistically insignificant. The dextran group showed a marked decrease in incidence, and the difference with the control group was statistically significant. With regard to the development site of @entity49 , it was prevalent in iliofemoral, lower femoral, and major @entity291 vein in the control group, while the popliteal and major @entity291 vein were the major site of @entity715 development in the @entity117 and dextran groups. The risk factors affecting the incidence of the @entity49 are confirmed to be @entity28 and long-term administration of @entity230 . Hematologic analysis was meaningless in investigating the development of @entity49 . The reliable clinical sign and symptom suggestive of the development of @entity49 was the severe swelling on the entire portion of affected lower extremity. In the intraoperative venogram, no correlation was found between the venous blood flow speed and the development of @entity1211 . A remarkable change in the blood flow of the femoral vein was noticed when the hip joint was flexed an average of 40.4 degrees, adducted at 11.5 degrees, and internally rotated at 81.5 degrees. Especially, when the joint was internally rotated, severe kinking of the vein could be observed. Thus it seems desirable to reduce the duration of internal rotation of the hip joint as much as possible to prevent @entity49 .

title: XXXX after uncemented total hip replacement.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombi']

answer: @entity1150 :: (MESH:D020246,Disease) :: ['Deep vein thrombosis']


abstract: Background: To support cancer therapy, development of low cost library preparation techniques for targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) is needed. In this study we designed and tested a PCR-based library preparation panel with limited target area for sequencing the top 12 somatic mutation hot spots in @entity14 on the GS Junior instrument. Materials and Methods: A multiplex PCR panel was designed to amplify regions of mutation hot spots in 12 selected genes ( @entity1412 , @entity817 , @entity3546 , @entity470 , @entity26562 , @entity984 , @entity8497 , @entity4638 , @entity10160 , @entity2536 , @entity1594 , @entity876 ). Amplicons were sequenced on a GS Junior instrument using ligated and barcoded adaptors. Eight samples were sequenced in a single run. Colonic DNA samples (8 normal mucosa; 33 @entity652 ; 17 @entity420 ) as well as HT-29 and Caco-2 cell lines with known mutation profiles were analyzed. Variants found by the panel on @entity1412 , @entity817 , @entity984 and @entity8497 genes were validated by conventional sequencing. Results: In total, 34 kinds of mutations were detected including two novel mutations ( @entity26562 c.1740:C>G and @entity1594 @entity69434 ) that have not been recorded in mutation databases, and one potential germline mutation ( @entity1412 ). The most frequently mutated genes were @entity1412 , @entity876 and @entity984 with 30%, 15% and 21% frequencies in @entity652 and 29%, 53% and 29% frequencies in @entity189 , respectively. In cell lines, all the expected mutations were detected except for one located in a homopolymer region. According to re-sequencing results sensitivity and specificity was 100% and 92% respectively. Conclusions: Our NGS-based screening panel denotes a promising step towards low cost @entity14 genotyping on the GS Junior instrument. Despite the relatively low coverage, we discovered two novel mutations and obtained mutation frequencies comparable to literature data. Additionally, as an advantage, this panel requires less template DNA than sequence capture @entity694 panels currently available for the GS Junior instrument.

title: Construction of a multiplex mutation hot spot PCR panel: the first step towards XXXX genotyping on the GS Junior platform.

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Traditional survival analytical tools do not reveal the ability of significant prognostic factors to predict (that is, explain variation in) survival. We used survival data in @entity1 with @entity263 to illustrate how the association of factors with survival diverges from their ability to explain @entity150 was included as a point of general comparison. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used the 1973 to 1990 records of the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results program. Multivariate proportional hazards models were used to identify factors that significantly associated with survival. The proportion of variation explained by these factors was estimated with the Schemper method. RESULTS: The dataset included 10,636 @entity1 with @entity263 and 1,070 with @entity150 . Median survival was significantly longer in prostate than @entity150 ; other characteristics were similarly distributed. Age, stage and marital status were associated with survival in both @entity5 (p value range 0.0001 to 0.0009). The total proportion of variation explained was 7.1% and 32.1% for prostate and @entity150 , respectively. In @entity263 , age, stage and marital status explained 0.6, 5.5 and 0.4%, of the adjusted proportion of variation explained, respectively, and in @entity150 , they explained 14.7, 8.9 and 0.6%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Proportional hazards models identified but did not reveal the ability of significant prognostic factors to explain variations in survival. The proportion of variation explained analyses illustrate why predicting survival is so difficult, especially in @entity263 . The prognostic factors used do not possess the ability to explain variation in survival; new prognostic factors must be identified.

title: Variation in XXXX survival explained by significant prognostic factors.

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer', 'variation in survival; bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To identify key genes related to the effect of @entity172 on @entity43 . METHODS: Microarray data (GSE22600) were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. Eight @entity172 and seven placebo treatment samples were obtained using a 2  *  2 factorial designs, which contained 2 cell lines (PEO4 and 2008) and 2 treatments ( @entity172 and placebo). Differentially expressed genes were identified by Bayesian methods, and the genes with P  <  0.05 and  log2FC (fold change)   >= 0.5 were chosen as cut-off criterion. Differentially co-expressed genes (DCGs) and differentially regulated genes (DRGs) were, respectively, identified by DCe function and DRsort function in DCGL package. Topological structure analysis was performed on the important transcriptional factors (TFs) and genes in transcriptional regulatory network using tYNA. Functional enrichment analysis was, respectively, performed for @entity17161 and the important genes using Gene Ontology and KEGG databases. RESULTS: In total, 465 @entity17161 were identified. Functional enrichment analysis of @entity17161 indicated that @entity29088 , @entity2535 , @entity12017 and MYC involved in TGF-beta signaling pathway. The 2285 DCG pairs and 357 DRGs were identified. Topological structure analysis showed that 52 important TFs and 65 important genes were identified. Functional enrichment analysis of the important genes showed that @entity876 and @entity6756 participated in DNA damage response and the genes ( @entity29088 , @entity2535 , @entity12017 and MYC) involved in TGF-beta signaling pathway. CONCLUSION: @entity876 , @entity6756 , @entity29088 , @entity2535 and @entity12017 might participate in the pathogenesis of @entity43 .

title: Identification of key genes associated with the effect of XXXX on @entity43 using microarray analysis.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: [Purpose] To investigate the effects of Phase II cardiac exercise therapy (CET) on exercise capacity and changes in coronary risk factors (CRFs) of @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ). [Subjects] Thirty male subjects with @entity583 were divided into an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG). Another 30 age-matched subjects with patent coronary arteries served as a normal-control group (NCG). [Methods] Subjects in EG (n=20) trained using a stationary bicycle for 30   min at their target heart rate twice a week for 8 weeks. Exercise capacity was defined as the maximal @entity209 ( @entity209 ) that subjects reached during the symptom-limited maximal exercise test. HR, BP and RPP were recorded. Subjects in EG and CG received exercise tests and screening for CRFs at the beginning of, end of, and 3 months after Phase II CET, while subjects in NCG participated only in the 1st test. [Results] @entity209 of CG did not improve until the 3rd test, while RPP at the 2nd test showed a significant increase. However, EG showed increased @entity209 at the 2nd test without increase of RPP, and increased their high density lipoprotein @entity165 (HDL-C) during the follow-up period between the 2nd and 3rd tests. [Conclusion] Phase II CET shortens the recovery time of exercise capacity, helps to maintain the gained exercise capacity and increases HDL-C in phase III.

title: Supervised Phase II Cardiac Exercise Therapy Shortens the Recovery of Exercise Capacity in XXXX with Acute @entity583 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic equivalents', 'METs']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: AIM: To investigated the performance of the tissue resonance interaction method (TRIM) for the non-invasive detection of @entity1049 . METHODS: We performed a prospective single-center blinded pilot study of consecutive adults undergoing colonoscopy at the University Hospital in Sassari, Italy. Before @entity1 underwent colonoscopy, they were examined by the TRIMprobe which detects differences in electromagnetic properties between pathological and normal tissues. All @entity1 had completed the @entity968 -containing bowel prep for the colonoscopy procedure before being screened. During the procedure the subjects remained fully dressed. A hand-held probe was moved over the abdomen and variations in electromagnetic signals were recorded for 3 spectral lines (462-465 MHz, 930 MHz, and 1395 MHz). A single investigator, blind to any clinical information, performed the test using the TRIMprob system. Abnormal signals were identified and recorded as malignant or benign ( @entity652 or @entity1127 ). Findings were compared with those from colonoscopy with histologic confirmation. Statistical analysis was performed by   (2) test. RESULTS: A total of 305 consecutive @entity1 fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled over a period of 12 months. The most frequent indication for colonoscopy was @entity490 (33%). The TRIMprob was well accepted by all @entity1 ; none spontaneously complained about the procedure, and no adverse effects were observed. TRIM proved inaccurate for polyp detection in @entity1 with @entity29 ( @entity29 ) and they were excluded leaving 281 subjects (mean age 59    13 years; 107 males). The TRIM detected and accurately characterized all 12 @entity420 and 135/137 @entity1127 (98.5%) including 64 adenomatous (100%) found. The method identified @entity5 and @entity1127 with 98.7% sensitivity, 96.2% specificity, and 97.5% diagnostic accuracy, compared to colonoscopy and histology analyses. The positive predictive value was 96.7% and the negative predictive value 98.4%. Among the 281 non- @entity29 subjects, there were 7 cases with discordant results (2.5%) between TRIMprob and the reference standard including 5 false positive results (1.8%) and 2 false negative (0.7%) results. The main limitation of the TRIMprob system is the need for trained operators. CONCLUSION: The study confirmed that TRIM provides rapid, accurate, convenient and noninvasive means to identify individuals most likely to benefit from colonoscopy.

title: Tissue resonance interaction accurately detects XXXX : A double-blind pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['polyps', 'hyperplastic polyps']

entities_list: @entity1049 :: ('MESH:D003108', 'Disease') :: ['colon lesions']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity1049 :: (MESH:D003108,Disease) :: ['colon lesions']


abstract: PURPOSE: To explore the relation between @entity410 -related variables and @entity73 in @entity1 with severe intractable @entity302 . METHODS: A retrospective analysis of data from 136 @entity1 who had undergone a cognitive assessment on two occasions at an interval of > or =10 years. Cognitive measures included tests of memory and executive skills in addition to intelligence quotients (IQ). Details were available regarding @entity410 type and frequency in the intertest interval. RESULTS: @entity73 was severe and occurred across a wide range of cognitive functions. The frequency of generalised @entity410 was the strongest predictor of decline. Complex partial @entity410 frequency was associated with a decline in memory and executive skills but not in IQ. @entity410 -related @entity542 and advancing age carried a poor cognitive prognosis, whereas periods of remission were associated with a better cognitive outcome. Early age at onset was not implicated, and duration of @entity302 was a much less potent predictor of @entity73 than has been reported in cross-sectional studies. No evidence indicated that a higher level of cognitive function protected against @entity73 . CONCLUSIONS: Our findings, together with those from animal studies and surgically treated @entity1 , suggest that @entity410 can have a direct adverse effect on cognition and that good @entity410 control even after years of intractability can have a beneficial impact on cognitive prognosis. This study was based on individuals who merited two cognitive assessments > or =10 years apart and hence is biased in favor of those with the most severe forms of @entity302 and those with decline.

title: @entity73 in severe intractable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'Seizure', 'tonic-clonic seizures']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive change', 'cognitive decline', 'Cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injuries']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['refractory epilepsy', 'epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 5087 Background: There is no current standard of salvage chemotherapy in recurrent @entity43 . @entity901 is an effective third generation @entity902 compound which has no complete cross-resistance with @entity3003 or @entity900 in @entity43 . The purpose of our study was to assess efficacy and tolerability of combination of @entity901 and @entity632 in second-line chemotherapy of @entity43 . METHODS: In case of disease progression following first-line chemotherapy pts received second-line chemotherapy with @entity901 130 mg/m(2) and @entity632 50 mg/m(2) q3w. @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ) was chosen as the primary end-point. Three investigator centers participated in the study. RESULTS: Totally 29 pts were included in this study. @entity5 were @entity902 -sensitive (PFI>12 m) in 5 (17.2%), partially @entity902 -sensitive (PFI>6 m) in 12 (41.4%), @entity902 -resistant (PFI<6 m) in 11 (38.0%) cases, in 1 (3.4%) case sensitivity of @entity5 to @entity902 was not known. Objective response rate was 55.1% (24.1% complete remissions and 31.0% partial remissions). The median @entity1054 was 10.7 m. With the median f.-up of 14.8 m the median overall survival was not reached. 1-year overall survival was 89%. There were no statistically significant differences in response rate and @entity1054 between @entity902 -sensitive and @entity902 -resistant @entity5 (p>0.05). The median number of cycles was 5 (range 2-6). @entity137 grade 3-4 per cycle included @entity1398 14.6%, @entity1398 0.7%, @entity882 5.1%. @entity16 grade 1-2 and 3 was observed in 8 (27.6%) and 2 (1.4%) cases respectively. There were 5 cases of @entity901 dose reductions and 10 cases of @entity632 dose reductions; 10 cycles of chemotherapy were delayed due to @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity901 and @entity632 showed promising efficacy in either @entity902 -sensitive or @entity902 -resistant recurrent @entity43 . Tolerability of this regimen was acceptable.

title: The phase II study of efficacy and safety of XXXX with @entity632 in recurrent @entity43 ( @entity43 ).

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin', 'Oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Sensory neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'Time to progression']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity901 :: (MESH:C030110,Chemical) :: ['oxaliplatin']