query: Is obesity a disease?

positive: DDD's 30th debate: Physical Education SHOULD be a requirement in schools (INTRODUCTION) I would like to clarify that we mean GRADE SCHOOL! I am sorry for that miss, and I do hope you accept this definition. If not, please propose your own definition of the resolution, though remember there is NO ridiculos semantics. CONTENTION 1: OBESITY RATE IN CHILDRENChild obesity has been a problem around the world. What is obesity? “The condition of being grossly fat or overweight.” (taken from google, not sure where they get there definitions) Now how exactly is this bad for an obese person’s health? “Obese youth are more likely to have risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as high cholesterol or high blood pressure. In a population-based sample of 5- to 17-year-olds, 70% of obese youth had at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease.” {1} {2} “Obese adolescents are more likely to have prediabetes, a condition in which blood glucose levels indicate a high risk for development of diabetes. Children and adolescents who are obese are at greater risk for bone and joint problems, sleep apnea, and social and psychological problems such as stigmatization and poor self-esteem.” {1} {2} “Children and adolescents who are obese are likely to be obese as adults and are therefore more at risk for adult health problems such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, stroke, several types of cancer, and osteoarthritis. One study showed that children who became obese as early as age 2 were more likely to be obese as adults. Overweight and obesity are associated with increased risk for many types of cancer, including cancer of the breast, colon, endometrium, esophagus, kidney, pancreas, gall bladder, thyroid, ovary, cervix, and prostate, as well as multiple myeloma and Hodgkin’s lymphoma." {1} {2} Want to hear something shocking? Well, it turns out that out of all children, 20% (around) are obese. One in every five children are obese! {1} {2} So now that you know the health risks that obesity comes with, you now need to know how to combat it. With physical activity: “Healthy lifestyle habits, including healthy eating and physical activity”{1} {2} Obviously in gym you get physical activity, and if it is a requirement it will MAKE SURE that these obese children start getting healthier. If it was optional, most of these children would most likely not go to gym, and thus develop the obesity more. So now I ask anyone who is reading this, do you want ( I did the calculations based on the facts provided earlier) 14% of all children to have a major risk for cardiovascular disease? I don’t think so. To slowly lower this number, gym should be a requirement in all grade schools. CONTENTION 2: GYM HELPS YOU THINK In grade school academics, the goal is for you to get smarter, and learn. So what is an effective way to help your brain get working? Your first reaction is mostly ‘well you go to your classes and academic subjects’ but I have reason to believe your reaction could be ‘go to P.E.’ I will provide multiple studies showing why: “Look at the brain functioning after just 20 minutes of walking. Getting kids to move helps strengthen and stimulate their brains. This is why so many recent research studies are showing increased fitness = improved academics. Note: The blue color represents inactivity in the brain.” {3} To see the image go here (sorry my computer can’t post images so I have to give links to them): http://www.debate.org... From the same interesting website came this overwhelming evidence from a different study: They took 3 million children and compared the kids who had a higher fitness level to the corresponding academic level and kids who had a lower fitness level to the corresponding academic level and look what they found: http://www.debate.org... Shocking isn’t it? Here is some more studies: “The California Department of Education (CDE) looked for a correlation between fitness scores and test scores. They found that kids who were deemed fit (by a standard test of aerobic capacity, BMI, abdominal strength, trunk strength, upper body strength and overall flexibility) scored twice as well on academic tests as those that were unfit. In the second year of the study, socio-economic status was taken into account, to possibly eliminate that variable as an explanation. As expected, those in the upper-income brackets scored better overall on the academic tests, but within the lower-income set of students, the same results were observed — kids who were more fit performed better academically.” {4} Now, before I run out of space to finish this argument and argument 3, I would like to post one last study under this contention: “Charles Hillman, associate professor of kinesiology at the University of Illinois, was able to duplicate these findings with 259 third and fifth-grade Illinois students. His team also noticed that two of the tests, BMI and aerobic capacity, were significantly more influential to higher academic scores than the other four fitness factors. Digging deeper, he isolated two groups of 20 students, one fit and the other unfit. They were given cognitive tests of attention, working memory and processing speed while their brain's electrical activity was being measured by an electroencephalogram (EEG) test. The fit kids' brains showed more activity in the prefrontal cortex, known for its executive function and control” {4} So, just to clarify, if you make gym a REQUIREMENT then the test score of ALL the students will be very likely go up. But if it is optional or even non-existent, then obviously these kids who came to school would not be going to gym and thus not helping the brain enough. When they mean a correlation from fit kids to high academic scores, I want to point out that a major way for a kid to start getting fit starts with gym. Look at this: http://www.debate.org... Alright, on to the next point. CONTENTION 3: GYM REDUCES STRESS IN SCHOOL Stress sucks, it is nerve racking and just really is almost painful. Now let me show you just how much stress sucks. “Stress that continues without relief can lead to a condition called distress -- a negative stress reaction. Distress can lead to physical symptoms including headaches, upset stomach, elevated blood pressure, chest pain, and problems sleeping. Research suggests that stress also can bring on or worsen certain symptoms or diseases. Stress also becomes harmful when people use alcohol, tobacco, or drugs to try to relieve their stress. Unfortunately, instead of relieving the stress and returning the body to a relaxed state, these substances tend to keep the body in a stressed state and cause more problems. Consider the following: Forty-three percent of all adults suffer adverse health effects from stress. Seventy-five percent to 90% of all doctor's office visits are for stress-related ailments and complaints. Stress can play a part in problems such as headaches, high blood pressure, heart problems, diabetes, skin conditions, asthma, arthritis, depression, and anxiety. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) declared stress a hazard of the workplace. Stress costs American industry more than $300 billion annually. The lifetime prevalence of an emotional disorder is more than 50%, often due to chronic, untreated stress reactions.” {5} Let me break this down a bit. The facts provided are obvious reasons for why stress sucks Let me point out the Alcohol, Drugs, etc… makes it worse. Now, I know this sounds a bit abstract, but just how much do kids in grade school drink, use drugs, etc? “25% of youth aged 12 to 20 years drink alcohol” {6} So, wait, 1 IN 5 KIDS DRINK ALCOHOL? That is horrible! Ok so now how many kids take drugs or smoke? I am going to use marijuana as an example: “7.0 percent of 8th graders, 18.0 percent of 10th graders, and 22.7 percent of 12th graders used marijuana” {7} So a HIGH amount of kids drink and use drugs which, if you remember an earlier quote, make existing stress worse, then obviously we need to stop stress before it happens! Now what is an effective way to stop stress before normal kids and drinking and drug using kids get school/social stressed? GYM! “Physical education classes provide the opportunity to participate in sports, exercise and perform other activities that promote physical fitness. These activities release chemicals in your brain known as endorphins, which help produce feelings of calm and relaxation. A study done by the University of Georgia in 2008 showed that people who exercise just 20 minutes a day can decrease their fatigue by 65 percent. If you're feeling tired and stressed out, getting exercise will help refresh you.” {8} POINT. PROVEN. (CONCLUSION) Thank you, DDD (REFERENCES) {1} http://www.cdc.gov... {2} GO TO {1} AND GO TO REFERENCE 7, 5,6,10, 15, 12, 11, 14 {3} http://www.phitamerica.org... {4} http://www.livescience.com... {5} http://www.webmd.com... {6} http://www.cdc.gov... {7} http://www.drugabuse.gov... {8} http://classroom.synonym.com...

positive: Parents Should be Blamed for Their Child's Obesity I really disagree that parents should be blamed for their child's obesity. It's not like the parents are shoving the food down their child's throats. Kids are soley responsible for what they consume. Kids dont just eat at home. They can eat at school, with their friends at McDonalds, ect. So childrens parents arent the main influences in what thier children eat.

positive: Obesity It seems like fast food is almost a daily topic in the news. Whether it is because of their ingredients (such as trans fat), the negative health effects (like diabetes), or being linked to obesity, fast food dominates the headlines. This then begs the question, "Does fast food cause obesity?" The simple answer is no. Consuming more calories from food than the body can burn is what causes weight gain. This means that you could eat fast food on a regular basis and not become obese. In fact, you can even lose weight while eating fast food. This, however, requires knowledge of not only how many calories you are burning on a daily basis, but also the calories in the food that you are eating. What Does the Research Say? Fast food is not the cause of obesity in today's society. However, because fast food is typically high in calories and the portions are large, it does promote eating too many calories, which can lead to weight gain and obesity. Beside "fast food" there are another causes of obesity: Lack of Energy Balance A lack of energy balance most often causes overweight and obesity. Energy balance means that your energy IN equals your energy OUT. Energy IN is the amount of energy or calories you get from food and drinks. Energy OUT is the amount of energy your body uses for things like breathing, digesting, and being physically active. Overweight and obesity happen over time when you take in more calories than you use. An Inactive Lifestyle Many people aren't very physically active. One reason for this is that many people spend hours in front of TVs and computers doing work, schoolwork, and leisure activities. In fact, more than 2 hours a day of regular TV viewing time has been linked to overweight and obesity. Environment Our environment doesn't support healthy lifestyle habits; in fact, it encourages obesity. Some reasons include: •Lack of neighborhood sidewalks and safe places for recreation. Not having area parks, trails, sidewalks, and affordable gyms makes it hard for people to be physically active. •Oversized food portions. People are exposed to huge food portions in restaurants, fast food places, gas stations, movie theaters, supermarkets, and even at home. Some of these meals and snacks can feed two or more people. Eating large portions means too much energy IN. Over time, this will cause weight gain if it isn't balanced with physical activity. •Lack of access to healthy foods. Some people don't live in neighborhoods that have supermarkets that sell healthy foods, such as fresh fruits and vegetables. Or, for some people, these healthy foods are too costly. Genes and Family History Studies of identical twins who have been raised apart show that genes have a strong influence on a person's weight. Overweight and obesity tend to run in families. Your chances of being overweight are greater if one or both of your parents are overweight or obese. Your genes also may affect the amount of fat you store in your body and where on your body you carry the extra fat. Because families also share food and physical activity habits, a link exists between genes and the environment. Health Conditions Some hormone problems may cause overweight and obesity, such as underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), Cushing's syndrome, and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Underactive thyroid is a condition in which the thyroid gland doesn't make enough thyroid hormone. Lack of thyroid hormone will slow down your metabolism and cause weight gain. You'll also feel tired and weak. Cushing's syndrome is a condition in which the body's adrenal glands make too much of the hormone cortisol. Cushing's syndrome also can develop if a person takes high doses of certain medicines, such as prednisone, for long periods. People who have Cushing's syndrome gain weight, have upper-body obesity, a rounded face, fat Emotional Factors Some people eat more than usual when they're bored, angry, or stressed. Over time, overeating will lead to weight gain and may cause overweight or obesity. Smoking Some people gain weight when they stop smoking. One reason is that food often tastes and smells better after quitting smoking. Another reason is because nicotine raises the rate at which your body burns calories, so you burn fewer calories when you stop smoking. However, smoking is a serious health risk, and quitting is more important than possible weight gain. Lack of Sleep Research shows that lack of sleep increases the risk of obesity. For example, one study of teenagers showed that with each hour of sleep lost, the odds of becoming obese went up. Lack of sleep increases the risk of obesity in other age groups as well. People who sleep fewer hours also seem to prefer eating foods that are higher in calories and carbohydrates, which can lead to overeating, weight gain, and obesity. Sources: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov... http://weight-loss.emedtv.com...

positive: Fat causes severe medical problems. Diseases connected with being overweight such as high blood pres... The National Institute of Health (USA) spent several hundred million dollars trying to demonstrate a connection between eating fat and getting heart disease and it failed. Five major studies revealed no such link.

positive: More People Should Fat-Shame Women Outline I. IntroII. Main argumentIII. ConclusionIV. Links I. Intro I will not address any of my opponent's points this round. Instead, I will make my argument this round and address my opponent's in round three. First, lets establish that obesity is a major problem. Obesity is a risk factor for cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. Cancer "Obesity is associated with increased risks of the following cancer types, and possibly others as well: Esophagus Pancreas Colon and rectum Breast (after menopause) Endometrium (lining of the uterus) Kidney Thyroid Gallbladder"Diabetes "Obesity or being overweight. Research shows this is a top reason for type 2 diabetes. Because of the rise in obesity among U.S. children, this type is affecting more teenagers." [2]Heart disease "Coronary Heart DiseaseAs your body mass index rises, so does your risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). CHD is a condition in which a waxy substance called plaque (plak) builds up inside the coronary arteries. These arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to your heart." [3] The real question is does fat shaming work? I contend tat fat shaming in an ineffective method of reducing obesity. In fact, fat shaming have the opposite effect. I will also give an alternative to fat shaming. II. Main argument Fat shaming has been proven to be ineffective. Both through scientific and anecdotal evidence. I know plenty of obese people in my life that have been fat shamed. They are still obese. Here's some scientific evidence "CONCLUSIONS:Our results indicate that rather than encouraging people to lose weight, weight discrimination promotes weight gain and the onset of obesity. Implementing effective interventions to combat weight stigma and discrimination at the population level could reduce the burden of obesity." [4] Instead, people need to be educated on the causes of obesity. Overeating is one cause but there are many others. Also, there are dietary tricks like eating high fiber foods to help curve appetite. Fiber "It has been suggested that sufficient fiber in the diet will tend to prevent excessive food intake" [5] Sleep "Thus, rodent obesity models also support an association between sleep and obesity.Improving sleep quality may be a clinical tool to treat obese individuals." [6]. Exercise " Not exercising in a given week was associated with a 35% incidence of obesity. Exercising for 30 minutes, 1-2 days a week, was associated with a 28% incidence of obesityHowever, the survey also showed that those who exercised every day were slightly more likely to be obese (20%) than those who say they exercised five or six days (19%)." [7]III. Conclusion In lieu of fat shaming education needs to be provided to everyone. Not just obese people. This way no discrimination takes place. Furthermore, many people I know that were young and normal weight are now extremely overweight. By taking a preemptive strike against obesity via education for normal weight people we eliminate shame. IV. Links1. http://www.cancer.gov...2. http://www.webmd.com...3. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov...4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov...5. http://ajcn.nutrition.org...6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov...7. http://www.webmd.com...

positive: Obesity is a disease. Obesity is not a disease. Obesity is a lifestyle. People chose what to put into there bodies. No one drives you to McDonald's, forces you to buy a quarter ponder and consume it. These actions are choices. When you choose to eat burger containing 3x the amount of recommended calories, you should expect to gain weight. Not to mention the ones who wash down the burger with a coke and biggie size french fry. If you make these decisions you are not ill, you are negligent.

positive: Obesity is a disease. Majority of the population will loose weight if they eat healthy and exercise as i stated originally. There will always be people with issues such as imbalanced hormones that will cause different results. The hormone imbalance would be considered a disease leading to obesity. Obesity is not a disease. Obesity can cause illness and be a result of other conditions but being overweight in itself is not a disease. The genetics that cause diseases such as diabetes and heart disease is absolutely real. Being healthy and good lifestyle choices only helps reduce your risk of being subjected to these diseases. In many cases no matter what you do you will become diabetic because it is in your family but it will always help to be healthy when trying to fight a disease. Overall, eating fatty foods and lack of exercise will result in obesity. You decide what to put into your body and how active your life is. While there are genetic disease that can result in obesity, obesity in itself is not an illness but rather a choice.

positive: School should ban junk food Banning junk food in school would be an effective way to reduce the high rates of obesity in America. The health benefits of this act outweighs the any costs of limiting choices.

positive: Being Fat isn't Always Directly Linked to Being Unhealthy. You Can be FIT AND FAT at The Same Time. Dear con, you could have given your definitions in earlier rounds but since neither of us did that, I don't see any problem giving my definitions as soon as I could, in this case, in R3.You have been talking about me breaking the proper format rule so much. And I remind you once again, you are the one who started arguing in the wrong round. I mean, what are you even arguing against if the instigator, who is on the affirmative side, hasn't even said anything yet.Then you broke yet another rule of citing your sources at the end of last round in your R3.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"Being fat is a reflection of an unhealthy life style and suggests a lack of maintenance."No, being excessively fat, or obese is. "The best way to describe a fat person, is that they're the size of a car."The best way to describe an obese person, not a fat person. (Not in my opinion though, Lamborghini, for example makes some slick narrow super cars)I would like to bring to my opponent's knowledge that fat kills a person when it is in too much excess, that is, one is OBESE. If your abs aren't visible, you won't necessarily die due to a 'fat heart attack'. "This source tells us that one in 11 deaths are cause by excess fat. Being fat is an efficient way to die.http://www.dailymail.co.uk...;Oh, look! You have a source mentioned in the middle of R3! Anyways, I opened it and the first thing I see is the heading (obviously) - "Britain's obesity death rate" WHY DOESN'T MY OPPONENT GET I AM NOT SUPPORTING OBESITY! FAT AND OBESE ARE NOT SYNONYMS IN THE MEDICAL SENSE! The Google definition of obese is "GROSSLY FAT" i.e. "RIDICULOUSLY FAT". Yes, ridiculous amounts of fat kills people, Yes, it is a disease. Yes, people who are ridiculously fat should be given medical aid. BUT WHY ARE YOU EVEN TALKING ABOUT OBESITY IN THIS DEBATE?I still stand by my words. Being fat is okay. Being obese is wrong. You are speaking against obesity, I am against obesity as well! But don't falsely say that every fat person on this planet is also obese."This is detestable and you should be ashamed sir, ASHAMED"Sure, buddy. I should be ashamed of stating the real facts? Or should I be ashamed because you want me to, since you sense you are losing? I think, you should get the differences between basic English words like obese and fat cleared up. You are confused."Obesity is not a paradox"No, it is not, but 'obesity paradox' is a paradox. It has confused so many people in the medical field. You can't just deny its existence because you don't want it to exist! Although, I still don't support obesity, but I needed to show one case where fat people are fit, and look! There are enough cases to confuse a whole group of medical professionals around the world. My opponent further says that I am dangerous. Dear contender, I never did and never will support obesity, or tell obese people that its good to be obese. Don't try to change the thoughts of the readers of this debate and the voters. This attack was literally pointless.In my opinion, and hopefully that of a huge number of people, little knowledge is what is actually a very dangerous thing. I get it, you hate fat people for being fat, you want everyone to have glistening abs, but you shouldn't let your pre formed views come in the way of this debate."Certainly it can't be healthy to your mental health being fat, the realisation that you're less attractive to the opposite sex. The opposite sex have deemed you UNFIT through unconscious bias."Whoa, what kind of a cocoon is my opponent living in? He really thinks fat people don't get love? There are entire communities of people who admire fat people sexually and romantically! And they are not really invisible. I would be shocked if you haven't come across terms such as BBW (Big Beautiful Women), BHM (Big Handsome Men), etc. And the people belonging to these communities aren't less in number either."Heart deisease is the number one cause of death in America" (Use the spell check feature please. Using proper spelling is a rule as well {Con spelled disease as deisease}, not a big deal, but still.)America suffers from obesity, and so people die due to it. I still don't support obesity. I support being moderately fat (I don't even know how many times I will have to mention this)"Please donate to my charity in order to save a fat child today" I think you are trying to make a joke, but in case you don't know, that link is to a site whose aim is to "preserve and protect the ocean and its inhabitants". I would like the voters to consider con's providing of a link of a completely unrelated to the debate just for the sake of a silly joke.I would also like the voters to consider that con's argument was about how obesity is bad for people, even after I had stated that I do not support obesity in R3 (quoting myself from R3 - "I feel I have already cleared the fact that I am not supporting obesity") Apparently, con just chose to ignore me.Quote from source - "In a new study by U.S. and European researchers, published [PDF] in the European Heart Journal, overweight people were found to be at no greater risk of developing or dying from heart disease or cancer, compared with normal weight people, as long as they were metabolically fit despite their excess weight."Fat is a killer when in excess. Diseases such as a myriad of heart diseases don't depend only on weight.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I have successfully argued and made my points against the contender. I have proved through the arguments that more than one cases exist where fat people are fit. Doing that was the necessary and sufficient condition for proving myself correct to con and the voters. The con has not yet been able to prove that fat people are unfit in every case. He has only proved that obese people are unfit and even that is not 100% true, since the Obesity paradox exists. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I hope we reach a conclusion on common grounds. Sources will be mentioned at the end of R5 (BECAUSE THAT'S THE RULE) I await con's last round of argument before conclusion round. :)

positive: Sports and Obesity Sports will not help obesity because people want to be fat and eat food. This debate is just stupid. Vote for me or you"re a Jew.

positive: how do you think what suffering from is the worst : obesity or being thin? prove by arguments I do agree that some obese people have diseases, like many thin people have anorexia. However, I don't agree with you that an obese person doesn't eat a lot. He does. I myself was over 150 pounds when I was only ten. I didn't have any illness or problem in my digestive system, I just ate and didn't do enough exercise at the end of the day to burn the calories I needed to stay I good shape. That's how people get obese, at least the majority of them. Later on they might get a disease relating to their digestive system due to the fact that they have had a long history of over eating and surrounding their whole body in fat, which is never healthy. Of course this doesn't go to all people, some have illnesses, some don't. On the other hand, I also disagree with you when you say that obese people no matter how hard they work there is no outcome. I've seen it happen, read, and heard about it. Out of the top of my head these are a few people who went from obese to thin. You don't have to watch the whole video, or read the whole article, just either read the headline or parts of it to get an idea:http://www.youtube.com...http://www.youtube.com... These are two very inspirational people who have lost more than 400-650 pounds each naturally, with diet and dedication.It was a really nice debate :) If you have any other interesting debates in mind please do write my name in the opponent part ;)

positive: Obesity In America should we do something yes they have to do something but we have to urge them to do something no one will just get up and do it we the people have to help with obesity

positive: Obesity is not a disease, it's a choice. What is obesity? Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems http://en.wikipedia.org... Many people use the excuse that the reason why they are obese, is because they have a "disease" I will be arguing that obesity is in fact a choice, not a disease. Opponent in first round may state their argument. Good luck!

positive: Fast food should be banned in the U.S! Though my opponent stated that people in the United States are constantly moving and have no time to cook at home so they rely on fast food, I strongly disagree due to there being various ways to eat healthy such as meal prepping the day before or taking healthy snacks or lunch. Yes, fast food is quick and cheap but your life and health are more important than money. According to MD health, "Extra sugar and food dye is put into fast food to make it more appealing, particularly to younger viewers. Many believe that these addicting ingredients are contributing to the growing obesity epidemic' "Most of the food additives and preservatives have negative effects on the body. One of the harmful ingredients is carcinogenics that can even cause cancer". "Fast food is often filled with ingredients such as soya, salt, cheese or mayonnaise and is often deep fried, which adds a lot of extra calories without adding any additional nutrition. Given the high amount of calories, it will take a significant amount of exercise to burn off the calories you take in. For example, it would take 7 hours of exercise to burn off the calories in a large Coke, fries and a Big Mac from McDonalds. Consuming this high level of calories without burning them off can lead to additional health issues". "In addition to the medical disadvantages of fast food, the production and selling of junk food puts a significant negative impact on the environment. The amount of resources necessary to raise the meat for fast food products creates a shortage of resources around the world. For example, every pound of hamburger we consume takes 2500 gallons of water and 16 pounds of grain to produce, say nothing of the land needed to raise the cattle and the grains to feed them. The animals raised to make fast food meat products are often fed antibiotics and a poor diet that causes the animals to be underdeveloped. These antibiotics and growth hormones can be passed on to those who consume the meat afterward, leading to negative health effects. Some have reported growing extra breast tissue or developing damage to the immune system from eating fast food on a regular basis". According to an article published on May 05, 2018 by UCLA, "Food is like a pharmaceutical compound that affects the brain," said Fernando G"mez-Pinilla, a UCLA professor of neurosurgery and physiological science who has spent years studying the effects of food, exercise and sleep on the brain. "Diet, exercise and sleep have the potential to alter our brain health and mental function. This raises the exciting possibility that changes in diet are a viable strategy for enhancing cognitive abilities, protecting the brain from damage and counteracting the effects of aging. "Excess calories can reduce the flexibility of synapses and increase the vulnerability of cells to damage by causing the formation of free radicals. Moderate caloric restriction could protect the brain by reducing oxidative damage to cellular proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, G"mez-Pinilla said". According to MSN, In 2013, the Dr Oz Show in the US claimed that soda fountains are the dirtiest places in fast food joints. This was backed up by Dr Sean O"Keefe who agreed that bacteria, germs and mold grow in environments rich in sugar, ice and air. This makes hard-to-clean soda fountains veritable breeding grounds for food poisoning. According to Eat This ,Not That "The high calories in fast food are accompanied by low nutritional content. Too much of that, and your body will begin to lack the necessary nutrients it needs to function properly. "Your body is temporarily full with empty foods that don"t provide nourishment, so even though you may have eaten a lot of calories, you won"t be satisfied for long," says Amy Shapiro, MS, RD, CDN, founder of Real Nutrition NYC. According to an article published by Physcology Today, "We hold this truth to be self-evident: that Americans are seeing their waistlines expanding more than ever, with no known end to our increasing girth. The stereotype of the fat American has been reduced to a punch line the world over, disguising the dire statistics that this country leads regarding obesity and threat to national healthcare and overall quality of life. We are the fattest industrialized nation across the world, with 2/3 of Americans qualifying as overweight or obese. The obesity epidemic has spread to our nation"s youth, with 1 out of 3 children born in 2000 or after projected to develop type-2 diabetes across his or her lifetime". With this being said, People in the United States should be more aware of what fast food does to their body and their health. My opponent stated that society and their younger generations rely on fast food and that people should realize that others with busy schedules need to eat even if its NOT "HOME-MADE' but my opponent forgot to mention that its "NOT HEALTHY". YES, people with busy schedules need to eat due to it being a necessity of life but there are other options than Fast Food. Fast food has many disadvantages that causes major life threatening issues and with this being said FAST FOOD SHOULD BE BANNED IN THE U.S! http://www.md-health.com... http://newsroom.ucla.edu... https://www.eatthis.com... http://www.healthdata.org...- problem-among https://www.psychologytoday.com...

positive: Obesity is not a disease, it's a choice. My opponent con states that "Obesity is not being unhealthy, or having fat. Obesity is a medical condition. Obesity is not a choice, it is the result of a series of choices. The result is distinct from the choice."He is right. A person makes choices on a daily basis knowing the consequence, of eating unhealthy food, yet they still do it, knowing that their choice will effect their life in a negative way. My opponent also states that "Obesity is not being unhealthy, or having fat" his claim is also incorrect. So exactly why is con wrong? Well here is why Obesity is unhealthy: Obesity is the number one cause of type 2 diabetes. The chances of getting diabetes increases more than tenfold if your body weight is higher than normal. Diabetes do all the bad things to your body. It can give many problems to your eyes, kidneys, and heart. Source: http://www.obesity-info.com... Con has not made any of his points clear other than saying that it IS a disease but yet not backing it up with any facts. Cancer is a disease, people don't choose to have cancer. Obesity is not a disease, they choose to become obese by the food they consume. Vote PRO!! :)

positive: Curb childhood Obesity for USA I would like to start my debate off with some statistics from: "http://www.annecollins.com...; USA Obesity Rates Reach Epidemic Proportions >more than a third of American children, aged between six and nineteen are either overweight, or at risk of becoming obese >58 Million Overweight; 40 Million Obese; 3 Million morbidly Obese >Eight out of ten over 25 is Overweight >78% of American's not meeting basic activity level recommendations Obesity Related Diseases >80% of type II diabetes related to obesity >70% of Cardiovascular disease related to obesity >42% breast and colon cancer diagnosed among obese individuals >30% of gall bladder surgery related to obesity >26% of obese people having high blood pressure Childhood Obesity Running Out of Control >New study suggests one in four overweight children is already showing early signs of type II diabetes (impaired glucose intolerance) >Between 8% - 45% of newly diagnosed cases of childhood diabetes are type II, associated with obesity. >Of Children diagnosed with Type II diabetes, 85% are obese >60% already have one risk factor for heart disease -Wellness International Network Ltd. web.winltd.com The United States of America Is the fattest country in the world, and obesity is becoming a rising epidemic. Children need to be more involved in school activities. and need to eat right to stay healthy. Parents contribute to this rise in weight, they should control what their children eat, not vice versa. This increase in School activities would cost millions of dollars, but isn't it worth it for protecting our youth? Lunch programs are being paid by Farmers and big companies to provide their products in school. Also, companies are making millions by selling food to children that are high in saturated fats and trans fat which cause major health problems in children. therefore, be it resolved, >that the National School Lunch program should shift it's focus from aiding farmers to providing a nutritious lunch for students. therefore be it resolved. >That commercials should exlude characters (ex.Lucky Charm) that seem appealing to youngsters >That schools should include more activities and teach children that these foods are bad for them, and should be taken in small quantities.

negative: Obesity Before I turn the floor over to my opponent, I would like to state one statement:If I wanna be fluffy, LET ME BE FLUFFY.

negative: Almost everybody with a permanent tattoo wants to remove it at some point, causing even greater problems than the initial application did. Some people find scars intensely attractive. And scarring in itself is not a disease.

negative: Vegan/Animal Rights "we have made instruments (e.t.c. forks and knives) that help us with this." I thought you were arguing that eating meat is 100% natural... "You also mentioned that we use tools to help us kill these animals. This is another factor of evolution." You must not know what evolution is. What is your point?? "We were given thumbs and big brains for a reason. The survival of the fittest theory says that creatures evolve in certain ways because it benefits them and allows them to produce offspring." We were not "given" theses things. They were carried by our genes because they helped for survival. " If the consumption of meat if one of our evolutionary traits that benefits our race." It may have 5000 years ago. Not anymore. "Humans are neither herbivores or carnivores, they eat both meat and plants which makes them omnivores." We classify animals by the way they are built. We are built like herbivores. Most people believe humans are carnivorous/omnivorous creatures"atop the food chain"who have been eating meat, eggs and dairy since the beginning of time. I believe a few sharks, piranhas, hyenas, bears and lions would like to have a word with us about who's ahead of who in the food chain. Most large herbivores such as rhinos, hippos, elephants and gorillas could also kill a human easily, if provoked. These animals are also ahead of us in the food chain. Humans, historically and scientifically, have always been near the bottom of the food chain. Killing during a one-on-one confrontation without weapons, and the ability to consume bloody raw flesh right from the bone without having it cause disease later on in life, have always been the only true factors in determining physiology and placement in the food chain. All genuine carnivores and omnivores eat an animal's eyes, nose, face, toes, tail, anus, inner organs, blood, brain and fur UNCOOKED. Humans have to cook certain parts of the dismembered animal so we don't become violently ill. That unequivocally makes us fake carnivores/omnivores. Our human physiology is such that all the tools, weapons, hubris, deceit and technology have not magically transformed us into carnivorous/omnivorous creatures. Many anthropologists and medical experts attest to the fact that humans are completely herbivorous, plant-eating creatures. Dr. William Roberts, editor-in-chief of The American Journal of Cardiology and a professor at Baylor University, states, "Human beings are not natural carnivores. When we kill animals to eat them, they end up killing us because their flesh"which contains cholesterol and saturated fat"was never intended for human beings who are natural herbivores." Dr. Milton Mills wrote an indisputable essay about human physiology as well. In their book The Vegetarian Way, nutritionists Virginia and Mark Messina compiled an easy-to-understand chart comparing human bodies to those of herbivores, omnivores and carnivores. " I meant to say that by taking away the consummation of animals you would be denying millions of people access to a food they enjoy eating" You feel bad for taking away something that would kill people?? "it would also take a major export a way from a country already in a tremendous debt." You wanna talk about debt? It takes hundreds of gallons of water to make 1 pound of meat. Hundreds of pounds of corn, soy, and other grains. The meat industry is putting us in debt. "Also, to correct a few minor errors in your previous argument:" Do you see me cherry picking you arguments for grammar errors?? No. Sounds like you are just trying to win votes. "If it is possible, in your next argument could you try to bring up some new points instead of just picking fun and making snide comments about mine. Thank you." Sure... Let's compare the bodies of humans and herbivores to the bodies of carnivores and omnivores. First, the length of intestines in humans and other herbivores falls somewhere between 7 to 13 times the length of the trunk/torso section of the body (I am being generous compared to the research of Mills and the Messinas). In contrast, the length of intestines in carnivores/omnivores is only 3 to 6 times the length of the trunk/torso. (The length of the trunk/torso is used as the means of comparison rather than overall body length or height because humans are bipedal animals whereas most other animals are quadrupeds.) Moreover, the interior surface of human intestines is heavily fluted and striated, whereas the interior intestinal surfaces of carnivores/omnivores tend to be smooth in comparison. The relatively short intestinal length in carnivores/omnivores, along with the relatively smooth interior surface, allow rotting animal flesh, animal protein, casein, cholesterol, trans fatty acids and the excessive amount of fat found in all animal products to pass through quickly; that is why it's impossible for any real carnivore/omnivore to clog their arteries. Clogged arteries, however, affects more than 50% percent of all meat, dairy and egg-eaters in this day and age! In previous generations atherosclerosis affected around 35% of the meat, dairy and egg-eating population. The only surprising aspect of the aforementioned study was the scientists' refusal to blame animal products as the main cause of atherosclerosis. Scientists, however, like all meat- dairy and egg-eating addicts, succumb to the same idiocy and incoherency of addiction-related problem-solving, too. Fortunately, some medical professionals aren't addicts and are capable of explaining the truth. Dr. William Castelli, director of the Framingham Heart Study (the world's longest running heart study), supports the aforementioned findings with additional claims about cancer rates dropping 60 percent if people stopped eating meat, cheese, milk and eggs. Other dietary and non-dietary factors can affect heart health, too. Sugar, the excessive amount of fat found in oils, stress, a lack of sleep, the excessive amount of refined carbohydrates found in white rice, white bread, and pasta, smoking tobacco, and a lack of exercise can wreak havoc on the body. Therefore, it is essential to eat plant-based foods exclusively, and control the non-dietary factors to the best of your ability. Check out this 2014 University of Southern California study which clearly indicts animal protein as a deadly toxin. Veganism not only ensures a greater reduction of cruelty on this planet than any other measure you could take; it also prevents, treats or cures heart diseases, prostate, colon, breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancers, kidney disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, high blood pressure, obesity, asthma and impotence, just to name a few. According to a plethora of scientific articles, most meat, dairy and egg-eaters will get cancer, osteoporosis or diabetes, while more than 50 percent will have a non-genetically-induced heart attack or stroke. Concerning cancer, there's no doubt that sugar, the oil and fat in fried foods, artificial additives, human-made trans fatty acids found in junk food, and the excessive amount of refined carbohydrates found in white rice, white bread, and pasta cause health problems, while non-dietary factors harm us, too. Stress, a lack of sleep, smoking tobacco, chemical pollution, and a lack of exercise can wreak havoc on the body. However, since animal flesh and the things that come out of animals are always toxic, the main cause of cancer will always be animal protein, casein, the excessive amount of fat found in all animal products, and the 2-9 percent of naturally-occurring trans-fatty acids found in meat and dairy. Even though we're all born with cancer cells, the cells won't "activate" and turn deadly unless they are "expressed". So, preemptively amputating one's breasts (mastectomy), or taking some other drastic action, will NOT prevent cancer development if the cell "activators" are still present. Since cancer thrives in the acidic environment that animal protein creates, it is essential to eat plant-based foods exclusively, and control the non-dietary factors to the best of your ability. Check out this 2014 University of Southern California study which clearly indicts animal protein as a deadly toxin. cited: For purposes of this essay I will use the abbreviation "meat-eater" to refer to any human who eats not only meat, but also dairy products, eggs, and honey. 3. For although there are bodies more massive than Jupiter beyond the trans-Neptunian bodies, at that distance the sun's gravitation would be too weak to hold such a massive body within an orbit about the sun. 4. Henry S. Salt, Logic of the Larder. Excerpted from The Humanities of Diet (Manchester: The Vegetarian Society, 1914). In this context Salt is actually referring to yet another pathetic defense of meat-eating, which argues that animals should be grateful to the persons who eat them, since without a demand for these animals, they would never have existed! To be honest, I was sorely tempted to write another essay in this series, and call it The Insipid "But the Animals Wouldn't Exist if We Didn't Eat Them" Argument. However, no one can improve on what Salt has already had to say about it, so I gladly refer readers to his essay instead.

negative: Obesity is a public health issue . All around the world, obesity has become a serious threat to public health. And the problem starts early on. In the US, for example, 17% of youth are obese4. Obesity itself has many consequences; most obviously on health such as increasing the risk of numerous diseases like heart disease, there are however economic costs both for treatment of these diseases, lost working days and due to less obvious costs such safety on transport and its resulting fuel cost.[1] Tackling obesity is therefore well within the purview of government policy. A failure to act might seriously affect the economic productivity of the nation, and even bankrupt healthcare systems[2]. A measure like the toy ban would be a first step to tackling the problem at the root, preventing children from growing up into obese adults.   [1] Zahn, Theron, “Obesity epidemic forcing ferries to lighten their loads”, seattlepi, 20 December 2011, http://www.seattlepi.com/local/komo/article/Obesity-epidemic-forcing-fer... [2] “Obesity ‘could bankrupt the NHS’”. BBC. 15 December 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/6180991.stm

negative: Nutrition & Well-Being It is the position of the American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada that appropriately planned vegetarian diets are healthful, nutritionally adequate, and provide health benefits in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases and are appropriate for all stages of the life-cycle including during pregnancy, lactation, infancy, childhood, and adolescence.[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12826028]] Furthermore those who require "extreme performance" can find a comparable grade of protein quality from soya based products including soya "milk" shakes. All essential vitamins and nutrients can be acquired from vegan sources. Both the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the American Dietetic Association have endorsed vegetarian diets. Studies have shown that vegetarians have stronger immune systems than meat-eaters and that meat-eaters are almost twice as likely to die of heart disease, 60 percent more likely to die of cancer, and 30 percent more likely to die of other diseases. Consumption of meat and dairy products has been conclusively linked with diabetes, arthritis, osteoporosis, clogged arteries, obesity, asthma, and impotence. According to Dr T. Colin Campbell, nutritional researcher at Cornell University and director of the largest epidemiological study in history, "The vast majority of all cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and other forms of degenerative illness can be prevented simply by adopting a plant-based diet." (i.e. a pure vegetarian diet with no animal by-products). Plus just think about this for a moment: some of the world's largest and strongest animals are pure vegetarians e.g. The Elephant, Hippo, Giraffe, Rhino, Cattle, Horses, Gorilla etc. And they seem to be thriving very well living off vegetation and have done so for many hundreds of years. . . . So does this not at least show you that to grow up big and strong we as humans too can gain all of the nutrients and dietary requirements solely from plant sources alone? Of course it does - common sense confirms this statement plus there have been countless studies with much evidence to show that a pure vegetarian diet is one of the healthiest choices you can make for you, the animals and the planet. And about the augument that 'vegetarians don't get enough protein' Plant foods offer abundant protein. Vegetables are around 23% protein on average, beans 28%, grains 13%, and even fruit has 5.5%. For comparison, human breast milk is only 6% (designed for the time in our lives when our protein needs are as high as they'll ever be). Professional recommendations for adults range from 2.5% to 10%, and plant foods supply that easily.

negative: Compulsory Voting I would encourage people to vote on debates not on the topic. Please determine who stated their case better, not who you agree with. I'm not assuming I'm a better debater than my opponent, I just want it to be judged legitimately. Anyway, you state two points here. 1) You can't make people vote. In what way is it unconstitutional? If anything, compulsory voting is constitutionally warranted. Our leaders are supposed to be elected by majority. There haven't been many, if any, presidents who have had over half of the full voting population vote for them. In order to have a legitimate democracy, everyone's opinion should be heard. Also, I'm not making anyone do anything. Each person has the option to abstain. The primary reason people don't vote is pure apathy. This gives them an incentive. Instead of a fine, we could give them a small tax break if you want to flip it the other way. The principal point is to have some incentive for voting. 2) CV increases uninformed voters Who is to qualify a voters decision? If we were to use your logic we would have poll tests requiring you to demonstrate your knowledge before voting. The Supreme Court has already ruled this logic unconstitutional. Each person has their own reason for voting. No one can qualify that in any way. A college dean's vote isn't worth five points while a high-school dropout's vote is worth a half. It doesn't work that way. Also, CV would increase voter knowledge and interest. Since people are given an incentive to vote, voters will take their decision more seriously, learning about the candidates and making a MORE informed decision. The mentality, at the lowest level, would be, at least, "well, I am going to vote anyway, might as well learn something about the candidates." Finally, there are no cons to compulsory voting. The pros are a more invigorated democratic spirit and community along with a TRUE democracy. Had everyone's opinions been heard in past elections, we would have had different government in some circumstance. This fact is the most important to realize. How do we call ourselves a representative government when only 10% of our population voted for our president?

negative: The Slaughter of Animals for the Consumption of Meat Ought to Cease MORAL CONSISTENCYWhy do we value human life as much as we do? This is not a question we ask ourselves very often, because it just seems natural to value human life. If pressed however, we usually think about what a human life is. We think about the novelty of a person living a life besides our own, having their own thoughts, joys, loves, and trials. I could go on attempting to describe human life, but I think the point is made. We place a value on human life because of the high quality of existence that is human life; in other words, quality of life determines value of life. Take this concept over to animals. For the sake of argument, I would posit that animals experience life 1/1000th of the way we do in terms of complexity and intensity. I feel that this is a pretty low bar to set (I mean, can you imagine experiencing things on 1/1000th the level you are right now?), and I'm setting it here so my opponent and I can have a debate beyond trying to ballpark what the life of an animal is like compared to a human's.If an animal experiences life 1/1000th of the way we do, then, if we're being morally consistent, we ought to consider their lives to be valued as 1/1000th of a human's. If we're doing that, then we kill an equivalent of 10 million people per year in the US alone[1]. So if we're being morally consistent, and if I'm being generous to my opponent in terms of what an animal's life is like in comparison to ours, what we're doing is worse than the Holocaust. Far worse. That's the damage done to the animals, now let's talk about ourselves.FOODPlain and simple, eating meat is a wasteful process. Were we to stop eating meat, we could provide enough new food to meet the caloric needs of 8.7 billion people[2]. In a world where 1/8 of our constantly growing population are starving[3], it's not as if we can readily afford this wastefulness. If you'd like to read about why raising animals for food is incredibly inefficient compared to growing crops, follow this link[4].DISEASESAccording to the American Dietetic Association, "...vegetarian diets, including total vegetarian or vegan diets, are healthful, nutritionally adequate, and may provide health benefits in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases. Well-planned vegetarian diets are appropriate for individuals during all stages of the life cycle, including pregnancy, lactation, infancy, childhood, and adolescence, and for athletes......the results of an evidence-based review showed that a vegetarian diet is associated with a lower risk of death from ischemic heart disease. Vegetarians also appear to have lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, lower blood pressure, and lower rates of hypertension and type 2 diabetes than nonvegetarians. Furthermore, vegetarians tend to have a lower body mass index and lower overall cancer rates. Features of a vegetarian diet that may reduce risk of chronic disease include lower intakes of saturated fat and cholesterol and higher intakes of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, soy products, fiber, and phytochemicals."[5]Well that's pretty clear cut. Non-meat eaters are healthier than meat eaters, suffering from less horrible diseases like cancer. I'd like to add to the list: Alzheimer's. The more one consumes meat and the saturated fats within, the more likely one is to develop Alzheimer's[6].Simply put, it is in your interests to cease eating meat. THE TASTEPerhaps at this point some of the readers are thinking to themselves, "Whatever, it tastes good." While that would hardly be enough to overturn the fact that meat causes cancer, Alzheimer's, starvation, and the moral equivalency of 10 million human deaths, this point doesn't even have to get in the way; there are plenty of non-meat but meat-tasting alternatives[7], and you could imagine that as the number of non-meat eaters rises, so too will the demand for these alternatives, and therein, the appropriate market response to that.CONCLUSIONWell that wraps it up for me. The slaughter of animals for the consumption of meat causes the moral equivalency of 10 million human deaths, prevents nearly 9 billion people's worth of food, and causes diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's, and none of it is necessary to get that meat taste we all love.Sources:[1] http://farmusa.org...[2] http://www.peta.org...[3] http://www.google.com...[4] http://www.google.com...[5] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov...[6] http://www.peta.org...[7] http://grains-nuts-soy.wonderhowto.com...

negative: Christianity is a Disease I have decided that the layout for this debate is inefficient. I'm changing the layout, so from here on, I will simply ask my opponent to prove to me that the god of christianity exists.

negative: voting materials for U.S citizens should be provided in native languages The increase in the cost of voting ballots, would not be an issue, if those wishing to vote in their native language, were only allowed to do so on electronic ballot machines. A simple reprogram is all that would be needed. You said "We cant afford to give out ballots to someone that cant vote properly" In 1965, Lyndon B. Johnson, had the Voting Rights Act passed. This act allowed all american citizens the right to vote, ignoring any discrimination. To quote Lyndon B. Johnson, "Every American citizen must have an equal right to vote." This act already covers language disabilities, and there fore it is the government and states duty to provide voting supplies not based on any discrimination. If you deny the right to vote based on language you are discriminating against those that do not speak english. By doing this, you are simply creating another example of the 1960's, when African Americans were not allowed to vote. America does not need this kind of negative attention, when we are already getting enough from the war in Iraq.

negative: Obesity is a disease This rule is in place because the opponent will be arguing in the affirmative—and he who argues in the affirmative generally ought to initiate the debate. "What part of this didn't you understand, thebestdebate?

negative: Media should ban anorexic/eating disorder models Gwyneth paltrow is not anorexic

negative: Christianity is a Disease 1. Why are the laws of the universe unchanging? Why is mathematics consistent? My opponent said: The laws of the Universe are set in stone. It is by these laws that the Universe stays on course. Mathematics is man-made, the question has no point. - This does not answer the question. For the big bang theory to be true, all of the universe's laws must have come into existence instantly. In fact, gravity must have existed before the big bang. If it didn't, how could "all the matter in the universe be compressed into a dot..."? Mathematics is the study of quantity, structure, space, and change (Wikipedia). The actual force of mathematics is not man-made. On Monday can I take two apples and two oranges and wind up with four fruits, but on Tuesday take two apples and two oranges and have five fruits? No, mathematics is concrete and immaterial. 2. How could everything start from literally nothing? My opponent said: This is something we do not yet know. How did God come into existence? This is my point. If no one knows, why is the entire theory taught as a fact? Where did God come from? I could give you a long answer on how God is the first cause and therefore is self-existent, but when it comes down to it, I really don't know. But, this is the difference between you and I; I admit my belief is a religion. 3. If atheism is true, then our minds are reducible to physics. Since physics is fundamentally deterministic, we have no free will. Is this true? My opponent said: This is another thing that we simply have no answer for. That doesn't mean its not correct, it just means we don't know. Then why is this entire evolution theory taught as fact? This is a major problem. 4. If God doesn't exist because He's immaterial, does that mean love doesn't exist? What about thought? What is thought? My opponent said: We evolved these traits of love and thought to encourage survival. We love others, and that makes us protect them. We think so we can solve problems. You give a reason but no cause. Evolution is the changes over time in genetics. We know that things such as thought are not genetic; our supposed ancestors don't think like we do. They are designed to survive while we are designed to strive for truth. How can something immaterial be evolved when evolution is strictly materialistic? 5. If our IQ is a product of evolution and survival then why are humans the only ones with the higher intelligence? Why do people with higher IQ's not have longer life spans that others? My opponent said: We evolved this way. You're questions really show how dumb you are. If this were the wild, higher IQ people would survive longer because they can think better. You atheists always mock Christians for saying "God did it", yet you do the exact same thing. "We evolved this way". The burden of proof is on you. You claim that what you say is science, yet this is your best argument. Have you observed this? 6. Are there absolutes? Can something be absolutely proven/disproven? My opponent said: There are no absolutes. We cannot really be sure of anything. Are you absolutely sure there are absolutes? How do you know you can't know anything for sure? 7. Without God, how do you know right from wrong? My opponent said: You do what feels right. What if I want to kill you? Is what Hitler did alright? It felt right to him. 8. Is murder wrong? If so, is it wrong for everyone or just some people, why? My opponent said: Yes murder is wrong. And yes it is wrong for everyone. Why? Because no one has the right to kill. So there are no absolutes, and there are no real morals, yet it is absolutely immoral to kill? 9. If God is false, that implies a standard of truth, correct? What is truth? My opponent said: Truth is something that accords to reality. How did truth come to exist? It is immaterial after all. It isn't just some chemical.

negative: Anarchy is a disease plagiarism for the win...? As we can see my opponent has used a movie quote to try and negate my previous argument...

negative: Anarchy is a disease Quotation Marks "Quotation marks set off material that represents quoted or spoken language." http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu... Plagiarism "the process of copying another person's idea or written work and claiming it as original." http://www.bing.com... I appropriately put quotation marks around the quote, thereby denoting that it is not my own. I have made it clear that I am not 'claiming it as original.' I look forward to an actual argument next round.

negative: Anarchy is a disease My opponent takes offense with the fact that I quoted The Dark Knight. He clearly has not seen The Dark Knight. My argument clearly negates the resolution. PRO has made no rebuttal to speak of.

negative: Eating meat is good for your health My opponent did not find a way to escape fallacies and faulty science. 1. Meat provides innumerable health benefitsCon is wrong in saying that consumption of meat brings more negative than positive outcomes. In terms of what? He used weak studies to prove his point. That does not work. Beef liver is among the type of meat that contains more nutritions than many varieties of fruit. [1] Calf's liver contains incredible amounts of health benefits, among them cancer reduction. "Diets high in vitamin B12-rich foods, especially if they are low in fat, are also associated with a reduced risk of colon cancer. And, calf's liver is also an excellent source of zinc and a very good source of selenium. Selenium helps reduce the risk of colon cancer since it is needed for the proper function of glutathione peroxidase, an important internally produced antioxidant that not only protects the cells of the colon from free radicals and cancer-causing toxins, but has also been shown to reduce the severity of inflammatory conditions like asthma and rheumatoid arthritis." [2]"Studies consistently show red meat prevents iron and zinc deficiencies when requirements are high such as in babies, toddlers, teenage girls and young women." [3] It's obvious that meat in many forms comes with a plethora of health benefits. Fish alone can cover your Vitamin D needs.2. Right doses and preparation is necessary for all foodCon only attacks processed red meat and high consumption of it. Nowhere does the resolution refer to red meat only, nor does it specify the amount needed to make meat consumption unhealthy. He said, "Although this link was found at consumption levels above 300g per week (significantly less than general western average consumption; the report states that there is no safe level of consumption for processed meats." In the last round, he claimed that meat consumption should be compared to the alternative food sources.So how about vegetables, sir? "Lima beans have to be very well cooked before they are eaten because the raw beans contain a product called limarin. Just a handful can make someone violently ill so always ensure they have been cooked." [4] Obviously, everything can be harmful if not prepared well, and if produced in a wrong manner. Merely pointing out that processed meat and over 300g of it per weak means it is unhealthy per se is just rubbish. In contrast, lower doses of certain types of meat are very beneficial and often necessary. Lack of meat consumption has often been linked to a variety of diseases and nutrition deficiencies."Researchers have long known that a strict vegetarian diet -- one that excludes all animal products -- can lead to vitamin B-12 deficiency, and possibly heart disease. Now, new research suggests that even those who follow a more lenient vegetarian diet are also at risk." [5] "In a new study, researchers from the Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) have found that eating processed meat, such as bacon, sausage or processed deli meats, was associated with a 42% higher risk of heart disease and a 19% higher risk of type 2 diabetes. In contrast, the researchers did not find any higher risk of heart disease or diabetes among individuals eating unprocessed red meat, such as from beef, pork, or lamb." [6]Clearly, both meat and its alternatives (vegetables, fruits, etc.) can be unhealthy if consumed in too large doses, and if prepared poorly. This is not a good argument against their health effects whatsoever. CounterargumentsC1: There is no sufficient evidence that links meat consumption with cancer and increased heart diseaseCon's case relies heavily on the myth that meat consumption increases the risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease. Pay attention to these studies; - All of them literally rely on correlation-data, something that should never be taken seriously. It's a logical fallacy, too. To claim that because A and B happen to be correlated, therefore one must have caused the other, is illogical. It could be, in the case of meat consumption, that those who eat meat prepare it wrongly, consume it alongside very unhealthy food, live a negative lifestyle, etc. In fact, according to plenty of research, this happens to be the case."The aim of this research was to analyse certain lifestyle parameters and health condition indices among people with traditional and vegetarian models of eating. The research conducted shows that vegetarians present a higher level of caring about their health, which is expressed on a scale of pro-health behaviours, than people with traditional model of eating. A higher percentage of them take up physical activity in their free time (80% vs. 70%), additionally, they more seldom drink alcohol and smoke cigarettes. Alcohol abstinence is declared by 75% of vegans, 25% of lacto-ovo vegetarians and only 8% of people with traditional model of eating. Tobacco non-smoking is declared by 94% of vegans, 74% of lacto-ovo vegetarians and 67% of traditional eating people. It has also been shown that some psychosomatic health indices, especially concerning digestive duct/system, remain varied in regard to the model of eating followed. The research has proven that vegetarian model of eating influences other--non-eating--pro-health behaviours and in this way it shapes healthy lifestyle of research subjects." [7]For studies to be sound and complete, they must compare people who live approximately same lifestyles, with the exclusion or inclusion of meat consumption. It is nonsensical to point out that meat consumers have increased risk of cancer, because all evidence points to the fact that there are far more factors involved than mere meat consumption. As per the study above, it is obvious that vegetarians are not more healthy only because they refrain from eating meat. It is because when people decide to become vegetarians, they break a norm; They shift from meat to alternative sources, from smoking to non-smoking, from alcohol consumption to no alcohol consumption, et cetera.A comparative study of people in Asia, who followed strict religious diets, found that there were no overall health differences between vegetarians and omnivores. [8] In addition: "When a vegetarian's main diet change is avoiding animal flesh rather than emphasizing fresh produce and moving away from refined foods, the health outcomes aren’t much different than those of standard omnivores (except for the added burden of higher homocysteine)." [9]C2: Mutagens in meat can be reducedCon claims that "more than 24 types of mutagens have been identified as constituents of cooked meat products." This is no problem. "Microwave heating eliminates the majority of the precursors for the formation of HCAs, and reduces their mutagenic activity by 95 percent. Other studies have shown microwave cooking is associated with a decreased risk for some cancers. For the best of both worlds, gently cook your meat in the microwave, in a low conventional oven, or sous vide, and finish it on the grill for flavor." [10]Feel free to consume meat. It's enjoyable and healthy. Don't be frightened by the pseudo-science we observe in this debate. [1] http://chriskresser.com...[2] http://www.whfoods.com...[3] http://www.themainmeal.com.au...[4] http://www.environmentalgraffiti.com...[5] http://www.webmd.com...[6] http://www.hsph.harvard.edu...[7] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov...[8] http://rawfoodsos.com...[9] Ibid.[10] http://blog.zocdoc.com...

negative: High-carb diets are ideal for health. Outline I. Benefits of vegetables and fruits. II. Benefits of antioxidants and fiber III. Detrimental health affects of meat consumption. IV. Consequences of over-nutrition including cholesterol, fat, saturated fat, and animal protein. V. Rebuttal of Con VI. Links I. Benefits of fruits and vegetables. Its common knowledge that fruits and vegetables are good for you. Antioxidants, fiber, phytonutrients, vitamins, and minerals. Let's first make sure everyone knows the difference between a macro nutrients and micro nutrients. Macro are the ones that have calories, carbs, fats, and proteins. Micro are vitamin and minerals. "The major nutrients-protein, carbohydrate, and fat-provide the body with energy."[1] "Nutritionists call vitamins and minerals "micronutrients" to distinguish them from the macronutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats that make up the bulk of our food. "[2] "But when you eat or drink phytonutrients, they may help prevent disease and keep your body working properly."[3] Now if you search kale nutrition on the internet you will find kale has an amazing amount of micronutrients and kale's main macronutrient is carbohydrates. Kale's calories come from 72% carbohydrates. Nutritiondata gives kale a five star rating. [4] Collards are 68% carbohydrates and again has a five star rating. [5] Admittedly you could still have kale and collards and eat low-carb if the rest of your food was low-carb. Yet, some of the healthiest food on the planet is high carbohydrates. I haven't defined what constitutes a high carb diet. Since there are only three macronutrients, let's assume a range between 67% and 85% carbohydrates. II. Benefits of antioxidants and fiber Beta-carotene, an antioxidant is only found in fruits and vegetables. Fruits and vegetables are high in carbohydrates, which I've already proven with kale and collards. "Beta-carotene has been best studied since, in most countries it is the most common carotenoid in fruits and vegetables. "[6] " Epidemiologic studies have shown an inverse relationship between presence of various cancers and dietary carotenoids or blood carotenoid levels." [6] I have proven that beta-carotene is only found in vegetables and fruit and that beta-carotene is beneficial. "Individuals with high intakes of dietary fiber appear to be at significantly lower risk for developing coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and certain gastrointestinal diseases. Increasing fiber intake lowers blood pressure and serum cholesterol levels." [7] I have now proven that fiber is beneficial. Fiber is found in many high carbohydrate foods including fruits and vegetables. III. Detrimental health affects of meat consumption. Low carbohydrate foods like meat and dairy have no fiber. As you can see from the factsecret link whole milk has no fiber. [8] A beef sirloin steak has no fiber. [9] By eating meat and dairy which are high in fat and protein, while being low in carbs you are displacing high carb foods that contain high amounts of beta-carotene antioxidants, phytonutrients, vitamins. minerals and fiber. Not only that but low-carb foods like meat and dairy are high in fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol. Excess animal protein generates IGF-1. "For years we didn"t know why eating a plant-based diet appeared to so dramatically improve cancer defenses within just a matter of weeks. But researchers recently figured it out: eating healthy lowers the level of the cancer promoting growth hormone IGF-1. " [9] "Even vegans eating the same amount of protein as meateaters still had lower levels of the IGF-1, so it"s apparently not about excessive protein in general, but about animal protein in particular. "[9] "High cholesterol is one of the major controllable risk factors for coronary heart disease, heart attack and stroke. " [10] " Intramyocellular lipid content is lower with a low-fat diet than with high-fat diets" [11] "Insulin resistance has been associated with the accumulation of fat within skeletal muscle fibers as intramyocellular lipid" [12] "Limiting the amount of saturated fats you eat to less than 7 percent of your total daily calories. That means if you need about 2,000 calories a day, less than 140 calories (or 16 grams) should come from saturated fats." [12]. I have now proven that excess fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and animal protein are detrimental to health. Since these are found so often in low-carb foods, and low carb foods displace fiber, phytonutrients, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants I conclude that low-carb diets are unhealthy. V. Rebuttal of Con I'm pretty sure this was con's link. Authoritynutrition.com In your link "2. Consumption of Soda and Fruit Juice Has Increased Dramatically" [13] Yes, it has and neither is soda and fruit juice healthy for you as explained in this tedvideo by Christina Warinner. Soda and fruit juice are unhealthy because the food is not fresh and the calories are too tightly packed in. [14] Soda and fruit juice are unhealthy for reasons other than just simply containing carbohydrates. High-carbohydrates is a confounding factor. Just as criminals wearing shirts or eating bread doesn't mean all people who wear shirts or eat bread are criminals. As for Con's argument. The first paragraph is just one large bare assertion. No outside sources nor quotes. "This caused a reduction in meat consumption of about 30%. This was followed by an increase in carbohydrate consumption of 30% to replace the meat and fat." Con Let's assume this is true. The carbohydrates were most likely replaced with soda and fruit juice which I've shown above to have negative health effects for reasons other than containing carbohydrates. Based on the evidence I supplied about antioxidants, phytonutrients, and fiber that if the 30% carbohydrate consumption would have been whole fruit and vegetables health would have surely increased. "Since this was fist introduced there has been an increase in sugar diabetes of around 30%. " Con Meat also causes diabetes through excess fat. The excess fat is linked to higher IMCL (intramyocellular lipids). High IMCL content is linked with insulin resistance. As seen above in my argument. "The human gut and teeth are designed for an omnivorous diet of fruit, nuts, meat and vegetables." Con Bare assertion and Warinner disagrees. "She begins by stating: "human has no known anatomical, physiological, or genetic adaptations to meat consumption". " [15]. "Grains require a crop in the throat to properly digest them." Con There are primitive stone tools called a mortar and pestle to grind them. See the video [14]. "cause health problems such as obesity, sugar diabetes, allergies, colds, flu, arthritis, heart attack, stroke and many other problems which are too numerous to mention." Con Bare assertion. The only cases where I've seen a correlation between grain intake and disease is in the China Study. [16] This is due to a confounding factor that dietary vegetables are decreased. This data means that vegetables are healthier than grains. Not that grains cause disease. " "Higher wheat flour consumption, for example, is correlated, as univariate correlations, with lower green vegetable consumption (many of these people live in northern, arid regions where they often consume meat based diets with little no consumption of vegetables)." [16]. In conclusion, eat your fruit and veggies. :) The increase in beta-carotene antioxidants, fiber, phytonutrients, minerals, and vitamins while avoiding high levels of fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and animal protein will do your body wonders. Finally, wild animals caught in the paleolithic era were lean in sharp contrast with factory farm animals. ""human has no known anatomical, physiological, or genetic adaptations to meat consumption"." [15]. Thanks for the read. High-carb diets are ideal for health. Vote Pro. VI. Links http://www.webmd.com... http://www.webmd.com... http://www.webmd.com... http://nutritiondata.self.com... http://nutritiondata.self.com... http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... http://www.fatsecret.com... http://www.fatsecret.com... http://nutritionfacts.org... http://www.heart.org... http://ajcn.nutrition.org... http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... http://www.heart.org... http://authoritynutrition.com... http://tedxtalks.ted.com... http://www.paleostyle.com... http://www.vegsource.com...

negative: High-carb diets are ideal for health. 1. Processed sugar is bad for you. White sugar is the worse, brown sugar better, molasses better still and treacle best. Fruit is good for you until you juice it then it becomes too much for the digestive system and if the fibre has been removed it is bad. http://paleoleap.com... 2. Most herbivores have 4 stomachs. The point being, that there is a big difference between the average herbivore and a human. Humans and most carnivores have heaps of leisure time in comparison to herbivores which spend most of their waking hours grazing. My opponent was trying to make it seen that humans are closest to herbivores than they are to carnivores. This is untrue. Humans are closest to carnivores with similar sized intestines and stomachs. Eating meat is the fastest way to get a lot of leisure time. When you eat vegetables, it requires a lot of preparation and mucking around. You have to cook vegetables before you can eat them because the human gut can't digest cellulose. http://wellnessmama.com... 3. My opponent has avoided discussing the amount of disease which is caused by high carb diets. Why doesn't he talk about diabetes and obesity which has increased since the introduction of the food pyramid in the 1970's. No, he has avoided discusing this issue because he knows that high carb diets lead to many health problems and diseases. 4. List of most dangerous foods that humans can eat - 1. Artificial sweeteners: Aspartame (i.e. Nutrasweet) and Sucralose (i.e. Splenda), Saccharin (i.e. Equal)- neurotoxins that cause brain tumors and increased cravings for sweets leading to insulin resistance, diabetes, heart disease and obesity (yes, contrary to popular belief, "diet" or "sugar-free" foods make you fat). 2. Hydrogenated oils, partially hydrogenated oils " cause heart disease, cancer, diabetes and obesity. 3. Fried foods (this includes chips) " cause heart disease, cancer, diabetes and obesity. 4. MSG (monosodium glutamate - i.e. hydrolyzed yeast extract, hydolized protein, etc.) " MSG is a neuroexcitotoxin which hyperstimulates brain cells, causing them to burn out and die, leading to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer"s and Parkinson"s diseases. 5. Soda pop (Diet and/or Regular) " leads to insulin resistance, diabetes, heart disease and obesity; also, the phosphoric acid leads to calcium depletion, which leads to osteoporosis. Click here to read what happens to your body when you drink soda. 6. Wheat flour foods (breads, pasta, cakes, cookies, crackers, etc.) " grains cause insulin resistance, diabetes, heart disease and obesity. Gliadin, one of the two main protein components of gluten, is very pro-inflammatory. 7. Cured meats (bacon, sausages, and lunch meats " anything with nitrates, nitrites) " nitrates and nitrites cause cancer (especially leukemia in children). 8. Pasteurized and homogenized milk and milk products (butter, ice cream, yogurt, etc.) " cause heart disease, cancer, diabetes and obesity. Butter and heavy cream from organic pasture-fed cows is the exception. 9. Sugar " leads to insulin resistance, diabetes, heart disease, cancer and obesity. We must look at refined sugar as the poison it truly is. 10. High fructose corn syrup (found in many foods " too many to list; see "HFCS" article library at www.drkratka.com) " leads to insulin resistance, diabetes, heart disease, cancer and obesity. 11. Artificial Food Colorings " red, blue, and yellow dyes are used widely in many foods. Like MSG, they are neuroexcitotoxins and a contributory factor in attention-deficit disorder and hyperactivity. Note - Complex and Simple Carbohydrates take up positions 6,9 &10. - See more at: http://bonfirehealth.com...

negative: Society has created mental illness. In my opinion, The reason people have depression and anxiety is that of society. In society today it is so easy to bully people or make them feel bad about themselves and get away with it, Which results in people being depressed and usually killing themselves. Therefore society is to blame for mental illness.

negative: Schools should serve healthier lunches "One obvious reason is the fact that obesity is becoming quite common and school lunches are contributing a big part to that"You will see below that the current school food guideline (MyPlate) is very similar to the well known and accepted My Pyramid. Your claim is flawed. And if the student or parent is worried about obesity, why not just simply bring lunch from home?

negative: TTHW prohibit the sale of children’s toys as part of fast food meals Obesity is a public health issue .

negative: Oppositional defiance disorder is a fictional disorder created by statists who want to control peopl You are wrong. Homosexuality did used to be in the DSM, a long time ago. Just because something is inthe DSM, does not mean that it is an actual disorder. Fact: There is nothing wrong with liberty of thought. Liberty of thought is not a disorder.

negative: A vegetarian lifestyle is better than one of a meat eaters. A vegetarian diet is better than one of a meat eater's for various reasons, but in this argument I will stress on two.Animal Suffrage: Having a vegetarian lifestyle helps not only you as an individual, but also helps save millions of animals that get harmed and slaughtered yearly.It"s cruel and unethical to kill animals when vegetarian options are available.- Animals have emotions and social connections.- Scientific study shows cattle pigs and chickens and all warm-blooded experience stress, fear and pain- 35 million cows, 115 million pigs, and 9 billion birds killed for food each year.-; These animals should not have to die to satisfy an unnecessary dietary preference.-; Raising animals in confinement is cruel. -; 50% of meat produced in the United States comes from confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs) Where animals live in filthy, overcrowded spaces. -; In CAFOs pigs have their tails cut off, chickens have their toenails and beaks clipped off, and cows have their horns removed and tails cut off with no painkillers. - Pregnant pigs are kept in metal gestation crates barely bigger than they are. - Baby cows raised for veal are tied up and confined in tiny stalls their entire short lives (3-18 weeks). Animals raised for food in US not slaughtered humanely.-HMSA (Humane methods of slaughter act) necessitates that cows be unconscious before slaughter to readuce suffering - Birds and pigs have no rules of such- And slaughter houses still mostly ignore HMSAHealth and Nutrition: A vegetarian diet gives one a complete nutrition with additional health benefits that meat cannot provide.- According to the American Dietetic Association, a vegetarian diet is healthier than a meat eating diet because- Vegetarian diets meet protein requirements, provide all the essential amino-acids), and improve health. - It can also provide all the necessary vitamins, fats, and minerals, and can improve one"s health. - According to the USDA and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, meat is not an essential part of a healthy diet.A vegetarian diet provides a more healthful form of iron than a meat-based diet. - Studies have linked heme iron found in red meat with an increased risk of colon and rectal cancer. - Vegetarian sources of iron like leafy greens and beans contain non-heme iron. A vegetarian diet helps build healthy bones because vegetarians absorb more calcium than meat eaters. -Meat has high renal acid levels which the body must neutralize by leaching calcium from the bones, which is then passed into urine and lost.- There are many sources of healthy vegetarian calcium including tofu, dark leafy greens like kale, spinach, and collard greens, as well as fortified cereals. A vegetarian diet lowers the risk of heart disease.- According to a peer-reviewed 1999 study of 76,000 people, vegetarians had 24% lower mortality from heart disease than meat eaters. -A vegetarian diet also helps lower blood pressure, prevent hypertension, and thus reduce the risk of stroke. Eating meat increases the risk of getting type 2 diabetes.- A peer-reviewed 2004 study from Harvard researchers found that eating meat increases the risk of getting type 2 diabetes in women - 2002 study found that eating processed meat increases the risk in men.- A vegetarian diet rich in whole grains, legumes, nuts, and soy proteins helps to improve glycemic control in people who already have diabetes. Vegetarians live longer. - A Mar. 12, 2012 peer-reviewed study of 121,342 people found that eating red meat was associated with an increased risk of death from cancer and cardiovascular disease. - A peer-reviewed 2003 study found that adherence to vegetarian diets or diets very low in meat for 20 years or more can increase life expectancy by 3.6 years. - A peer-reviewed July 9, 2001 study of Seventh-Day Adventists who were vegetarian (or ate very little meat) showed longevity increases of 7.28 years for men and 4.42 years for women. - On June 3, 2013 a peer-reviewed study of 73,308 people found that a vegetarian diet is associated with a 12% reduction in all-cause mortalityA vegetarian diet promotes a healthy weight. - According to a peer-reviewed 2003 Oxford University study of 37,875 healthy men and women aged 20-97, 5.4% of meat eaters were obese compared to 3% of vegetarians.- Meat eaters had an average Body Mass Index (BMI) 8.3% higher than vegetarians.-Another 2006 meta-study that compiled data from 87 studies also found that vegetarian diets are associated with reduced body weight. [124] Studies show that vegetarians are up to 40% less likely to develop cancer than meat eaters. - According to a peer-reviewed 1994 study by Harvard researchers, consuming beef, pork, or lamb five or more times a week significantly increases the risk of colon cancer. - The World Cancer Research Fund found that eating processed meats such as bacon or sausage increases this risk even further. - A 2014 study found that diets high in animal protein were associated with a 4-fold increase in cancer death risk compared to high protein diets based on plant-derived protein sources. World Hunger: Eating Meat uses up many of the plant resources and causes most third world countries to not be able to grow enough food. A vegetarian diet can help alleviate world hunger. - Over 10 pounds of plant protein are used to produce one pound of beef protein.- If these grains were fed to humans instead of animals, more food would be available for the 925 million people in chronic hunger worldwide. Research from Cornell University found that the grain used to feed US livestock alone could feed 800 million people.

negative: Scientific Proof Carbohydrates Cause Disease Thank you again for accepting the challenge. Let's go through the evidence and see what is stated. "A diet high in carbohydrates may increase the risk of pancreatic cancer in sedentary and overweight women," BMJ 2002;325:566 That could be any carbohydrate. Soft drinks comes to mind. Just because one source of carbohydrates causes disease doesn't mean another does. It's common knowledge that fruits and vegetables are healthy and soda isn't. A condemnation of soda is not the same as a condemnation of fruits and vegetables. "Fasting DNL was measured after a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet in normoinsulinemic lean (n = 5) and hyperinsulinemic obese (n = 5) subjects." Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Jan;77(1):43-50. Again, high-carbohydrate diet could be an all soda diet. Yes, scientific peer reviewed sources are used, but carbohydrates may not be the culprit. "Diet is clearly implicated in the origin of colorectal cancer, with risk factors for the disease including reduced consumption of vegetables, fiber, and starch and increased consumption of red meat and animal fat. Nutr Cancer. 2000;37(1):19-26. This serves to help falsify the hypothesis rather than reinforce. Now lets look at the effects of detrimental health effects of soda. "We found clear associations of soft drink intake with increased energy intake and body weight." Am J Public Health. 2007 April; 97(4): 667"675. doi:" 10.2105/AJPH.2005.083782 "Meanwhile, the evidence continues to mount that sugar-sweetened drinks are a major contributor to obesity, heart disease and diabetes, and that exercise makes only a modest contribution to weight loss compared to ingesting fewer calories." nytimes.com Next, the health benefits of antioxidants, fiber, and vegetarian respectively. "It appears that carotenoids (including beta-carotene) can promote health when taken at dietary levels, but may have adverse effects when taken in high dose by subjects who smoke or who have been exposed to asbestos. " J Am Coll Nutr. 1999 Oct;18(5):426-33. "Suffering from diarrhea? Conventional wisdom says choose foods high in fiber. Constipated? Eat a high-fiber diet, experts suggest." Peter Jaret "Cytotoxic activity, which is expressed as lytic units, was significantly higher in vegetarians than in their omnivorous controls by a factor of 2." Nutr Cancer. 1989;12(3):271-8. It is clear to me the hypothesis that carbohydrates causes disease is false. Instead I argue that excess soda consumption causes disease. Also good luck finding beta-carotene in animals meats. Beta-carotene doesn't work so well when taken in supplement form. I added some extra references which help falsify the hypothesis that carbohydrates cause disease. In fact, I argue that a diet high in vegetables and fruit which tend to contain how amounts of carbohydrates, anti-oxidants, and fiber helps prevent disease. Mercola's references: http://www.bmj.com... http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... Soda references: http://www.nytimes.com... http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... Antioxidants references: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... Fiber references: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... http://www.webmd.com... http://ajcn.nutrition.org... http://ajcn.nutrition.org... Vegetarian references: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov...

negative: Homosexuality is a disease Running around naked protesting I would consider more of a mental disorder. People who are naked in public are either drunk or are mental, like homosexuals.

negative: soda is bad If you've been reading health magazines and websites for any length of time, you've read a litany of reasons why soda is bad for you. It's nothing but sugar water. It's devoid of any nutritional value. It leads to obesity and diabetes. But we've dug up nine other disturbing facts about what soda does to your body, whether it's the side effects of sucralose and other artificial sweeteners or ingredients that can lead to memory loss. Keep reading to find out all nine reasons you should kick soda to the curb. In the latest bad news for the soda industry, Danish researchers discovered that drinking non-diet soda leads to dramatic increases in fat buildup around your liver and your skeletal muscles, both of which can contribute to insulin resistance and diabetes. The study revealed that people who drank a regular soda every day for six months saw a 132 to 142 percent increase in liver fat, a 117 to 221 percent jump in skeletal fat, and about a 30 percent increase in both triglyceride blood fats and other organ fat. Their consumption also led to an 11 percent increase in cholesterol, compared with the people who drank other beverages such as water or milk. It's not surprising that drinking all the sugar in sodas would cause weight gain, but what is surprising is that even diet soda will pack on the pounds: Researchers from the University of Texas Health Science Center monitored 475 adults for 10 years, and found that those who drank diet soda had a 70 percent increase in waist circumference over the 10-year study, compared with those who didn't drink any soda. Those who drank more than two diet sodas per day saw a 500 percent waist expansion! A separate study the same researchers conducted on mice suggested that it was the aspartame, which raised blood glucose levels, that caused the weight gain; when your liver encounters too much glucose, the excess is converted to body fat. In 2011, the nonprofit Center for Science in the Public Interest petitioned the Food and Drug Administration to ban the artificial caramel coloring used to make Coke, Pepsi, and other colas brown. The reason: Two contaminants in the coloring, 2-methylimidazole and 4-methylimidazole, have been found to cause cancer in animals, a threat the group says is unnecessary, considering that the coloring is purely cosmetic. According to California's strict Proposition 65 list of chemicals known to cause cancer, just 16 micrograms per person per day of 4-methylimidazole is enough to pose a cancer threat, and most popular brown colas, both diet and regular, contain 200 micrograms per 20-ounce bottle. Diet or regular, all colas contain phosphates, or phosphoric acid, a weak acid that gives colas their tangy flavor and improves their shelf life. Although it exists in many whole foods, such as meat, dairy, and nuts, too much phosphoric acid can lead to heart and kidney problems, muscle loss, and osteoporosis, and one study suggests it could trigger accelerated aging. The study, published in a 2010 issue of the FASEB Journal, found that the excessive phosphate levels found in sodas caused lab rats to die a full five weeks earlier than the rats whose diets had more normal phosphate levels"a disturbing trend considering that soda manufacturers have been increasing the levels of phosphoric acid in their products over the past few decades. The artificial sweeteners used in diet sodas don't break down in our bodies, nor do wastewater-treatment plants catch them before they enter waterways, researchers have found. In 2009, Swiss scientists tested water samples from wastewater-treatment plants, rivers and lakes in Switzerland and detected levels of acesulfame K, sucralose, and saccharin, all of which are, or have been, used in diet sodas. A recent test of 19 municipal water supplies in the U.S. revealed the presence of sucralose in every one. It's not clear yet what these low levels are doing to people, but past research has found that sucralose in rivers and lakes interferes with some organisms' feeding habits. Dentists have a name for the condition they see in kids who drink too much Mountain Dew. They wind up with a "Mountain Dew Mouth," full of cavities caused by the drink's excessive sugar levels. "Mountain Dew Mind" may be the next medical condition that gets named after the stuff. An ingredient called brominated vegetable oil, or BVO, added to prevent the flavoring from separating from the drink, is an industrial chemical used as a flame retardant in plastics. Also found in other citrus-based soft drinks and sports drinks, the chemical has been known to cause memory loss and nerve disorders when consumed in large quantities. Researchers also suspect that, like brominated flame retardants used in furniture foam, the chemical builds up in body fat, possibly causing behavioral problems, infertility, and lesions on heart muscles over time. It's not just the soda that's causing all the problems. Nearly all aluminum soda cans are lined with an epoxy resin called bisphenol A (BPA), used to keep the acids in soda from reacting with the metal. BPA is known to interfere with hormones, and has been linked to everything from infertility to obesity and diabetes and some forms of reproductive cancers. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have pegged soda cans, along with restaurant, school, and fast-food meals, as a major source of exposure to the chemical. And while Pepsi and Coke are currently locked in a battle to see which company can be the first to develop a 100 percent plant-based-plastic bottle"which they're touting as "BPA free""neither company is willing to switch to BPA-free aluminum cans. Take a look at the ingredients list for any soda and chances are most of those ingredients are derived from corn. As much as 88 percent of the corn grown in the U.S. is genetically modified to resist toxic pesticides or engineered to create pesticides within the plant itself. Thanks to lax government safety regulations, and tight corporate control over who gets to test these proprietary seeds, there are no human studies that can prove or disprove whether these crops are safe. Independent scientists have found that, in animals, genetically modified crops, or GMOs, are linked to digestive tract damage, accelerated aging, and even infertility. Most recently, scientists in France found that rats fed GMO corn for their entire two-year lifespan developed mammary tumors and died earlier than rats that ate non-GMO corn their entire lives. Sugar sweetened beverage consumption has increased significantly over the past several decades. Recent National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data found that half of the U.S. population consumes at least one sugar sweetened beverage on any given day. Men consume on average 178 calories per day from sugar sweetened beverages and women consume 103 calories per day. Of particular concern in light of the current childhood obesity epidemic is the increased use in children, especially teens and young adults. Soda often displaces more healthful items in the diet and is a warning sign of a poor quality diet. The dangers of soda extend beyond the increase in calories, although this is likely an important contributor to weight gain and obesity. Calories consumed in liquid form do not satisfy hunger as effectively as calories consumed in solid food form, so people often consume more total calories, which can lead to weight gain. In addition, consuming large amounts of rapidly digested sugar and high fructose corn syrup causes a spike in blood sugar and insulin, which can lead to inflammation and insulin resistance, both of which may increase your risk of stroke, heart disease, diabetes, obesity and cancer. The large doses of fructose from both sucrose (table sugar) and high fructose corn syrup may be particularly detrimental to your health as they can cause the accumulation of metabolically toxic belly fat, cholesterol abnormalities -- including high triglycerides and reduced levels of HDL (good cholesterol) -- and nonalcoholic associated fatty liver disease. Soda is also associated with symptoms of gastro-esophageal reflux disease, when the contents of the stomach leak back up and cause a burning sensation in the esophagus. While drinking soda is not known to cause ulcers, it can cause symptoms to flare up. The American Heart Association recommends consuming no more than 450 calories from sugar sweetened beverages per week (the amount in three cans of cola). If you are overweight or obese, or at risk for heart disease or diabetes, you should limit your intake of sugar sweetened beverages as much as possible, including soda, energy drinks, sports drinks, juice drinks and sweetened water and/or tea. Scientists at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and the Columbia University Medical Center examined the risk of vascular events in relationship to consumption of both regular and diet soft drinks. Many people drink diet soft drinks because of the lack of sugar and calories, but in this study researchers determined diet soft drinks bring a much higher risk for stroke, heart attack, and other types of vascular-related death. The study included over 2,500 men who were tracked for a ten-year period. Participants who drank diet soft drinks on a daily basis were 43% more likely to experience a vascular event. People who drank only small amounts of diet soft drinks or who drank regular soft drinks were not likely to experience these heart troubles. In a separate study, from the University of Adelaide, scientists found a link between asthma and COPD and high levels of soft drink intake. In this study over 16,000 people were interviewed over a two-year period.

negative: Obesity In America should we do something Obesity In America is a big problem that's needs to be fixed. heart disease is a killer that is caused by diabetes that is cause by obesity argue if your against doing anything about it

negative: We should force-feed severe anorexia nervosa sufferers We should not force feed suffers with anorexia nervosa. AN is a psychological disease with physical symptoms. Force feeding would treat only the symptoms and not the disease itself.

negative: Is cheerleading a sport Is cheerleading a sport? This is a question that has been discussed for many years. The actual definition of a sport is an activity involving physical exertion and skill in which an individual or team competes against another or others for entertainment. Cheerleading meets all of those standards. In this essay I will prove how cheerleading is a sport. The first thing that it says is that it must involve physical exertion. In other words that means the activity of exerting your muscles.

negative: The U.N. should ban frankfurter. I will continue to refute Con's arguments. "There are three macro nutrients. and they are fat, protein and carbs." Con Correct. "The last is not actually good for you." Con Bare assertion. "Carbs are converted into glucose and are stored as adipose tissue (fat) on your body; the process requires insulin which is tissue damaging." Con No outside sources backing up your statement. "The simplest carbohydrate is glucose. Glucose, also called "blood sugar" and "dextrose," flows in the bloodstream so that it is available to every cell in your body. Your cells absorb glucose and convert it into energy to drive the cell. Specifically, a set of chemical reactions on glucose creates ATP (adenosine triphosphate), and a phosphate bond in ATP powers most of the machinery in any human cell." [1] "glucose is the essential energy source for your body" [1] Glucose is needed by the cells to create ATP energy. Glucose is essential to your body. As for fat, any excess amount of calories will be stored as fat. Whether the source of the calorie be protein, carbohydrates, or fat. "Your body converts energy not used immediately into triglycerides, which are the chemical form of fat that is stored in your body and in foods. Although dietary fats take the form of triglycerides in food and in your body, calories from carbohydrates and proteins are also converted to triglycerides for storage." [2] "When a person consumes more calories than the energy they use, the body stores the extra calories in fat cells (lipocytes)." [3] "Consuming extra calories results in an accumulation of stored body fat and weight gain. This is true whether the excess calories come from protein, fat, carbohydrate, or alcohol." [4]. I have proven that excess calories are stored as fat regardless of the macronutrient they come from. Therefore, excess fat and protein contribute to obesity just as much as excess carbohydrates. "The best thing to eat is fat and protein," Con Bare assertion. "and meat is both of these things. But it also contains vital micro nutrients, such as vitamins and minerals." Con Most foods contain micro nutrients. Vegetables and fruits contain lots of micro nutrients. Kale and collards have 5 star ratings on nutritiondata.com [5] and [6]. As you can see kale and collards are awesome foods to eat teeming with micronutrients. " Meat, especially that of herbivores, and when cooked lightly (blood rare steaks, for example) is a complete food." Con Bare assertion and non sequitur. I have no idea what you mean by complete food. "It has everything you need flourish. It is not only better than starvation, it is better than any other food available." Con By it I assume steak, again no outside sources. Argument is based upon previous arguments which fall short. "Fiber is not even good for you. Mark's daily apple has a particular cogent critique. You can't even digest it. Why exactly do I want to scrape up my insides? If I'm that desperate to take a dump, I'll drink a cup of coffee thanks." Con There are plenty of peer reviewed sources stating the health benefits of fiber. "Dietary fiber intake provides many health benefits. However, average fiber intakes for US children and adults are less than half of the recommended levels. Individuals with high intakes of dietary fiber appear to be at significantly lower risk for developing coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and certain gastrointestinal diseases. " [7]. "The health benefits of dietary fiber have long been appreciated. Higher intakes of dietary fiber are linked to less cardiovascular disease and fiber plays a role in gut health" [8]. I have provided two peer reviewed sources stating the health benefits of fiber. "As for 'beta-carotene' (the vegetable pre-cursor to vitamin a) I will see your beta-carotene, and raise you beef liver." Con I assume you are making the claim that beef liver is better for you than vegetables. Yet, there is nothing to back up this claim except a link. In the link there is this claim "First, vitamin A is only found in animal foods. It"s a myth that plant foods are high in this nutrient." [8]. Yet if you look at Kale there is plenty of vitamin A "10302IU 206%" [5]. "Because of these three important factors, we must get our vitamin A from animal sources to avoid the risk of low levels. The best sources are meats, including liver, beef, chicken and turkey, dairy, especially cheese and butter, and egg yolks. " [8]. The link does make the claim that liver and beef are better sources of vitamin A. Let's fact check this and see if vegan suffers from vitamin A deficiency. If you look at this fitday.com article you will see no mention of vitamin A deficiency. [9] Since the philmaffetone.com [8] website cites no sources, this seems like a falsehood. "The health benefits of anti-oxidants have been exaggerated." Con Bare assertion. "You are really going to regurgitate these whole 'war on fat' myths?" Con Bare assertion. "Then why has the war on fat and the high carb diets which accompanied it coincided with rapidly increasing obesity rates? It's just one big fat coincidence?" Con There are many confounding factors. For example its common knowledge that soda is both high in carbs and bad for your health. I wouldn't exactly call instant oatmeal a health food and it must be high in carbohydrates since oats are a grain. I wouldn't exactly call your average trans fat baked good as healthy. Between soda, convenience foods, and trans fat laced baked goods all high in carbohydrates yet unhealthy for other reasons its clear that carbohydrates are not the culprit. "An explorer named Vilhjalmur Stefansson lived with the inuit for a year. The tribe he was with ate a diet of rare, fatty, red meat. They all had perfect cardiovascular health." Con There are other confounding factors like exercise and lack of sedentary behavior compared to the average American in a tribe. Your link is 191 pages, so Con will have to quote the relevant parts. "Sedentary behavior may moderate the relationship between physical activity and overweight." [9]. "It is impossible to eat too much fat, if you eat more than your body can use it simply gets excreted. There is no mechanism for dietary fat to be stored as fat. " Con I proved earlier in this round that dietary fat is stored as fat just like the other two macro nutrients. As for too much fat your body also stores the fat as intramyocelluar lipds as I proved in round 3. "Insulin resistance has been associated with the accumulation of fat within skeletal muscle fibers as intramyocellular lipid (IMCL)." [4] "Intramyocellular lipid content is lower with a low-fat diet than with high-fat diets" [5] "our bodies are very well adapted to it." Con Dr. Christina Warinner states otherwise in her video [10]. ""human has no known anatomical, physiological, or genetic adaptations to meat consumption"." [11]. "What you have to watch out for are processed foods" Con Agreed, processed foods like soda, trans fat, dairy and meat found in the supermarket are the problem. Think about meat for example, it takes a lot of processing to turn a living chicken into a chicken nugget. There is so many differences between the two. Instead eat whole raw fruit and veggies. These are the least processed foods you can find. "Stick to fat and protein and you will lose weight, feel incredible and be healthy." Con Bare assertion. Summary Con seems to bent on demonizing carbohydrates. That somehow carbohydrates contribute to weight gain, but the other macro nutrients fat and protein don't. I have proven over and over again that high fat diets are dangerous. High animal protein diets are also dangerous. Finally, carbohydrates are necessary for survival. Ban Frankfurter and get rid of a high fat carcinogen. Young children are too young to understand every statement here and should not have the choice to eat such an unhealthy food. Tell your local school to ban hot dogs today. The U.N. should ban frankfurter. Vote pro. 1. http://science.howstuffworks.com... 2. http://www.livestrong.com... 3. http://umm.edu... 4. http://www.nutrition.gov... 5. http://nutritiondata.self.com... 6. http://nutritiondata.self.com... 7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... 8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... 9. http://philmaffetone.com... 10. http://www.fitday.com... 11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... 12. http://tedxtalks.ted.com... 13. http://www.paleostyle.com...

negative: Implement A Fat Tax An individual's BMI is no longer a purely personal matter

negative: Parents Should be Blamed for Their Child's Obesity YEAH IM KNEW TO THIS WHOLE DEBATE THING..... OKAY MY OPPONENT SAID that diseases were out of the debate but the fact that obesity IS a DISEASE so how can we leave disease out of the entire thing?!?!?!?! My opponent killed the main factor of why kids are obese in the first place. Dude in case you didn't know Obesity is a disease!!!!!!!! My opponents argument should be completely thrown out because as I have previously stated OBESITY IS A DISEASE MY OPPONENT FAILED TO RECOGNIZE THAT SO THE CASE IS MINE!!!!!!!!!!!! THANK YOU TO MY OPPONENT AND ALL VOTERS!!!!!!!!!