query: the most stable mineral at the earth's surface

positive: Sandstone Most sandstone is composed of quartz or feldspar because they are the most resistant minerals to weathering processes at the Earth's surface, as seen in Bowen's reaction series. Like uncemented sand, sandstone may be any color due to impurities within the minerals, but the most common colors are tan, brown, yellow, red, grey, pink, white, and black. Since sandstone beds often form highly visible cliffs and other topographic features, certain colors of sandstone have been strongly identified with certain regions.

negative: Surface mining "Strip mining" is the practice of mining a seam of mineral, by first removing a long strip of overlying soil and rock (the overburden). It is most commonly used to mine coal and lignite (brown coal). Strip mining is only practical when the ore body to be excavated is relatively near the surface. This type of mining uses some of the largest machines on earth, including bucket-wheel excavators which can move as much as 12,000 cubic meters of earth per hour.

negative: Metamorphic zone In geology, a metamorphic zone is an area where, as a result of metamorphism, the same combination of minerals occurs in the bedrock. These zones occur because most metamorphic minerals are only stable in certain intervals of temperature and pressure.[1]

negative:
Satellite temperature measurements Both the surface and atmospheric weights are dependent on the surface emissivity

e

S

{\displaystyle e_{S}}

, the absorption coefficient

κ
(
z
)

{\displaystyle \kappa (z)}

 and the earth incidence angle

θ

{\displaystyle \theta }

; the surface weight is the product of

e

S

{\displaystyle e_{S}}

 and an attenuation factor:

negative: Pendulum As first explained by Maximilian Schuler in a 1923 paper, a pendulum whose period exactly equals the orbital period of a hypothetical satellite orbiting just above the surface of the earth (about 84 minutes) will tend to remain pointing at the center of the earth when its support is suddenly displaced. This principle, called Schuler tuning, is used in inertial guidance systems in ships and aircraft that operate on the surface of the Earth. No physical pendulum is used, but the control system that keeps the inertial platform containing the gyroscopes stable is modified so the device acts as though it is attached to such a pendulum, keeping the platform always facing down as the vehicle moves on the curved surface of the Earth.

negative: Surface gravity Surface gravity is measured in units of acceleration, which, in the SI system, are meters per second squared. It may also be expressed as a multiple of the Earth's standard surface gravity, g = 9.80665 m/s².[1] In astrophysics, the surface gravity may be expressed as log g, which is obtained by first expressing the gravity in cgs units, where the unit of acceleration is centimeters per second squared, and then taking the base-10 logarithm.[2] Therefore, the surface gravity of Earth could be expressed in cgs units as 980.665 cm/s², with a base-10 logarithm (log g) of 2.992.

negative: Low Earth orbit The mean orbital velocity needed to maintain a stable low Earth orbit is about 7.8 km/s, but reduces with increased orbital altitude. Calculated for circular orbit of 200 km it is 7.79 km/s and for 1500 km it is 7.12 km/s.[3] The delta-v needed to achieve low Earth orbit starts around 9.4 km/s. Atmospheric and gravity drag associated with launch typically adds 1.3–1.8 km/s to the launch vehicle delta-v required to reach normal LEO orbital velocity of around 7.8 km/s (28,080 km/h).[4]

negative: Horizon Another relationship involves the distance s along the curved surface of the Earth to the horizon; with Î³ in radians,

negative: Geothermal heating Geothermal energy originates from the heat retained within the Earth since the original formation of the planet, from radioactive decay of minerals, and from solar energy absorbed at the surface.[2] Most high temperature geothermal heat is harvested in regions close to tectonic plate boundaries where volcanic activity rises close to the surface of the Earth. In these areas, ground and groundwater can be found with temperatures higher than the target temperature of the application. However, even cold ground contains heat, below 6 metres (20Â ft) the undisturbed ground temperature is consistently at the Mean Annual Air Temperature[3] and it may be extracted with a heat pump.

negative: Surface mining "Open-pit mining" refers to a method of extracting rock or minerals from the earth through their removal from an open pit or borrow. Although open-pit mining is sometimes mistakenly referred to as "strip mining", the two methods are different (see above).

negative: Circumstellar habitable zone With some theorising that life on Earth may have actually originated in stable, subsurface habitats,[154][155] it has been suggested that it may be common for wet subsurface extraterrestrial habitats such as these to 'teem with life'.[156] Indeed, on Earth itself living organisms may be found more than 6 kilometres below the surface.[157]

negative: Surface gravity The surface gravity of a white dwarf is very high, and of a neutron star even higher. The neutron star's compactness gives it a surface gravity of up to 7×1012 m/s² with typical values of order 1012 m/s² (that is more than 1011 times that of Earth). One measure of such immense gravity is that neutron stars have an escape velocity of around 100,000 km/s, about a third of the speed of light.

negative: Escape velocity The escape velocity relative to the surface of a rotating body depends on direction in which the escaping body travels. For example, as the Earth's rotational velocity is 465 m/s at the equator, a rocket launched tangentially from the Earth's equator to the east requires an initial velocity of about 10.735 km/s relative to Earth to escape whereas a rocket launched tangentially from the Earth's equator to the west requires an initial velocity of about 11.665 km/s relative to Earth. The surface velocity decreases with the cosine of the geographic latitude, so space launch facilities are often located as close to the equator as feasible, e.g. the American Cape Canaveral (latitude 28°28' N) and the French Guiana Space Centre (latitude 5°14' N).

negative: Seismic wave Seismic surface waves travel along the Earth's surface. They can be classified as a form of mechanical surface waves. They are called surface waves, as they diminish as they get further from the surface. They travel more slowly than seismic body waves (P and S). In large earthquakes, surface waves can have an amplitude of several centimeters.[4]

negative: Mineral processing The addition of flotation reagents also affects the operation of these processes. The most important chemical that is added is the collector. This chemical binds to the surface of the particles as it is a surfactant. The main considerations in this chemical is the nature of the head group and the size of the hydrocarbon chain. The hydrocarbon tail needs to be short to maximize the selectivity of the desired mineral and the headgroup dictates which minerals it attaches to.

negative: Rocket The required delta-v can also be calculated for a particular manoeuvre; for example the delta-v to launch from the surface of the Earth to Low earth orbit is about 9.7 km/s, which leaves the vehicle with a sideways speed of about 7.8 km/s at an altitude of around 200 km. In this manoeuvre about 1.9 km/s is lost in air drag, gravity drag and gaining altitude.

negative: Escape velocity In common usage, the initial point is on the surface of a planet or moon. On the surface of the Earth, the escape velocity is about 11.2 km/s, which is approximately 33 times the speed of sound (Mach 33) and several times the muzzle velocity of a rifle bullet (up to 1.7 km/s). However, at 9,000 km altitude in "space", it is slightly less than 7.1 km/s.

negative: Mineral rights Mineral estates are sometimes severed from the surface estate. Such severance is accomplished with a conveyance or reservation of these rights. This conveyance or reservation includes minerals or substances considered minerals. Although technically not minerals, which are naturally occurring crystalline "solids," legal regimes typically include hydrocarbon resources such as oil and natural gas under the term "mineral rights." Such a conveyance or reservation includes royalties, bonuses and rentals. In the absence of such a conveyance, the surface owner retains the rights.

negative: Natural History Museum, London The Earth Lab is a gallery that centres around geology, and contains specimens of fossils, minerals and rocks. The "Lab Area" is only open to reserved groups and allows an interactive approach to the gallery, allowing the use of microscopes. It is currently the only gallery in the red-zone without step free access. Earth's Treasury shows specimens of rocks, minerals and gemstones behind glass in a dimly lit gallery. Lasting Impressions is a small gallery containing specimens of rocks, plants and minerals, of which most can be touched.

negative: Metal Metals are often extracted from the Earth by means of mining ores that are rich sources of the requisite elements, such as bauxite. Ore is located by prospecting techniques, followed by the exploration and examination of deposits. Mineral sources are generally divided into surface mines, which are mined by excavation using heavy equipment, and subsurface mines.

negative: Hydroponics Mineral wool products can be engineered to hold large quantities of water and air that aid root growth and nutrient uptake in hydroponics; their fibrous nature also provides a good mechanical structure to hold the plant stable. The naturally high pH of mineral wool makes them initially unsuitable to plant growth and requires "conditioning" to produce a wool with an appropriate, stable pH.[36]

negative:
Le Sage's theory of gravitation Partially based on the calculations of Darwin, an important criticism was given by Henri Poincaré in 1908.[43] He concluded that the attraction is proportional to

S

ρ

v

{\displaystyle S{\sqrt {\rho }}v}

, where S is earth's molecular surface area, v is the velocity of the particles, and ρ is the density of the medium. Following Laplace, he argued that to maintain mass-proportionality the upper limit for S is at the most a ten-millionth of the Earth's surface. Now, drag (i.e. the resistance of the medium) is proportional to Sρv and therefore the ratio of drag to attraction is inversely proportional to Sv. To reduce drag, Poincaré calculated a lower limit for v = 24 · 1017 times the speed of light. So there are lower limits for Sv and v, and an upper limit for S and with those values one can calculate the produced heat, which is proportional to Sρv3. The calculation shows that earth's temperature would rise by 1026 degrees per second. Poincaré noticed, "that the earth could not long stand such a regime." Poincaré also analyzed some wave models (Tommasina and Lorentz), remarking that they suffered the same problems as the particle models. To reduce drag, superluminal wave velocities were necessary, and they would still be subject to the heating problem. After describing a similar re-radiation model like Thomson, he concluded: "Such are the complicated hypotheses to which we are led when we seek to make Le Sage's theory tenable".

negative: Vinegar White vinegar is often used as a household cleaning agent.[38] Because it is acidic, it can dissolve mineral deposits from glass, coffee makers, and other smooth surfaces.[39] For most uses, dilution with water is recommended for safety and to avoid damaging the surfaces being cleaned.

negative: Greenhouse effect Earth receives energy from the Sun in the form of ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared radiation. Of the total amount of solar energy available at the top of the atmosphere, about 26% is reflected to space by the atmosphere and clouds and 19% is absorbed by the atmosphere and clouds. Most of the remaining energy is absorbed at the surface of Earth. Because the Earth's surface is colder than the photosphere of the Sun, it radiates at wavelengths that are much longer than the wavelengths that were absorbed. Most of this thermal radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere, thereby warming it. In addition to the absorption of solar and thermal radiation, the atmosphere gains heat by sensible and latent heat fluxes from the surface. The atmosphere radiates energy both upwards and downwards; the part radiated downwards is absorbed by the surface of Earth. This leads to a higher equilibrium temperature than if the atmosphere were absent.

negative: Wind turbine Reliance on rare earth minerals for components has risked expense and price volatility as China has been main producer of rare earth minerals (96% in 2009) and had been reducing its export quotas of these materials.[55] In recent years, however, other producers have increased production of rare earth minerals and China has removed its reduced export quota on rare earths leading to an increased supply and decreased cost of rare earth minerals, increasing the viability of the implementation of variable speed generators in wind turbines on a large scale.[56]

negative: C-4 (explosive) C-4 is very stable and insensitive to most physical shocks. C-4 cannot be detonated by a gunshot or by dropping it onto a hard surface. It does not explode when set on fire or exposed to microwave radiation.[8] Detonation can only be initiated by a shockwave, such as when a detonator inserted into it is fired.[4] When detonated, C-4 rapidly decomposes to release nitrogen and carbon oxides as well as other gases.[4] The detonation proceeds at an explosive velocity of 8,092 m/s (26,550 ft/s).[9]

negative: World map A world map is a map of most or all of the surface of the Earth. World maps form a distinctive category of maps due to the problem of projection. Maps by necessity distort the presentation of the earth's surface. These distortions reach extremes in a world map. The many ways of projecting the earth reflect diverse technical and aesthetic goals for world maps.[3]

negative: Ocean surface topography Since the Earth's gravitational field is relatively stable on decadal to centennial timescales, ocean circulation plays a more significant role in the observed variation of SSH. Across the seasonal cycle changes in patterns of warming, cooling and surface wind forcing affect circulation and influence SSH. Variations in SSH can be measured by satellite altimetry (e.g. TOPEX/Poseidon) and used to calculate determine sea level rise and properties such as ocean heat storage.

negative: Mineral rights Ownership of mineral rights (more properly "mineral interest") is an estate in real property. Technically it is known as a mineral estate, although often referred to as mineral rights. It is the right of the owner to exploit, mine, and/or produce any or all of the minerals lying below the surface of the property.

negative: Figure of the Earth The actual topographic surface is most apparent with its variety of land forms and water areas. This is, in fact, the surface on which actual Earth measurements are made. However, it is not feasible for exact mathematical analysis, because the formulas which would be required to take the irregularities into account would necessitate a prohibitive amount of computation. The topographic surface is generally the concern of topographers and hydrographers.

negative: Mining Sub-surface mining consists of digging tunnels or shafts into the earth to reach buried ore deposits. Ore, for processing, and waste rock, for disposal, are brought to the surface through the tunnels and shafts. Sub-surface mining can be classified by the type of access shafts used, the extraction method or the technique used to reach the mineral deposit. Drift mining utilizes horizontal access tunnels, slope mining uses diagonally sloping access shafts, and shaft mining utilizes vertical access shafts. Mining in hard and soft rock formations require different techniques.


query: which animal is the carrier of the h1n1 virus

positive: Swine influenza Swine influenza is an infection caused by any one of several types of swine influenza viruses. Swine influenza virus (SIV) or swine-origin influenza virus (S-OIV) is any strain of the influenza family of viruses that is endemic in pigs.[2] As of 2009, the known SIV strains include influenza C and the subtypes of influenza A known as H1N1, H1N2, H2N1, H3N1, H3N2, and H2N3.

positive: Swine influenza The phylogenetic origin of the flu virus that caused the 2009 pandemics can be traced before 1918. Around 1918, the ancestral virus, of avian origin, crossed the species boundaries and infected humans as human H1N1. The same phenomenon took place soon after in America, where the human virus was infecting pigs; it led to the emergence of the H1N1 swine strain, which later became the classic[clarification needed] swine flu.

negative: 2009 flu pandemic On 22 June 2010, the CDC announced a new test called the "CDC Influenza 2009 A (H1N1)pdm Real-Time RT-PCR Panel (IVD)". It uses a molecular biology technique to detect influenza A viruses and specifically the 2009 H1N1 virus. The new test will replace the previous real-time RT-PCR diagnostic test used during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, which received an emergency use authorization from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in April 2009. Tests results are available in four hours and are 96% accurate.[59]

negative: World Health Organization In 2007, the WHO organized work on pandemic influenza vaccine development through clinical trials in collaboration with many experts and health officials.[128] A pandemic involving the H1N1 influenza virus was declared by the then Director-General Margaret Chan in April 2009.[129] Margret Chan declared in 2010 that the H1N1 has moved into the post-pandemic period.[130]

negative: 2000s (decade) The 2009 H1N1 (swine flu) flu pandemic is also considered a natural disaster. On October 25, 2009, U.S. President Barack Obama officially declared H1N1 a national emergency[82] Despite President Obama's concern, a Fairleigh Dickinson University PublicMind poll found in October 2009 that an overwhelming majority of New Jerseyans (74%) were not very worried or not at all worried about contracting the H1N1 flu virus.[83]

negative: 2009 flu pandemic An article published in JAMA in September 2010[51] challenged previous reports and stated that children infected in the 2009 flu pandemic were no more likely to be hospitalised with complications or get pneumonia than those who catch seasonal strains. Researchers found that about 1.5% of children with the H1N1 swine flu strain were hospitalised within 30 days, compared with 3.7% of those sick with a seasonal strain of H1N1 and 3.1% with an H3N2 virus.[28]

negative: 2009 flu pandemic On 12 April 2010, Keiji Fukuda, the WHO's top influenza expert, stated that the system leading to the declaration of a pandemic led to confusion about H1N1 circulating around the world, and he expressed concern that there was a failure to communicate in regard to uncertainties about the new virus, which turned out to be not as deadly as feared. WHO Director-General Margaret Chan has appointed 29 flu experts from outside the organization to conduct a review of WHO's handling of the H1N1 flu pandemic. She has told them, "We want a frank, critical, transparent, credible and independent review of our performance".[94]

negative: 2009 flu pandemic A Wisconsin study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in September 2010, reported that findings showed that the 2009 H1N1 flu was no more severe than the seasonal flu. "The risk of most serious complications was not elevated in adults or children", the study's authors wrote. "Children were disproportionately affected by 2009 H1N1 infection, but the perceived severity of symptoms and risk of serious outcomes were not increased." Children infected in the 2009 H1N1 flu pandemic were no more likely to be hospitalized with complications or get pneumonia than those who catch seasonal strains. About 1.5% of children with the H1N1 swine flu strain were hospitalized within 30 days, compared with 3.7% of those sick with a seasonal strain of H1N1 and 3.1% with an H3N2 virus.[171]

negative: Handshake In light of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, the dean of medicine at the University of Calgary, Tomas Feasby, suggested that fist bumps may be a "nice replacement of the handshake" in an effort to prevent transmission of the virus.[3]

negative: Virus Some viruses can cause lifelong or chronic infections, where the viruses continue to replicate in the body despite the host's defence mechanisms.[152] This is common in hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections. People chronically infected are known as carriers, as they serve as reservoirs of infectious virus.[153] In populations with a high proportion of carriers, the disease is said to be endemic.[154]

negative: Influenza vaccine Frontline healthcare workers are often recommended to get seasonal and any pandemic flu vaccination. For example, in the UK all healthcare workers involved in patient care are recommended to receive the seasonal flu vaccine, and were also recommended to be vaccinated against the H1N1/09 (later renamed A(H1N1)pdm09[103]) swine flu virus during the 2009 pandemic. However, uptake is often low.[78] During the 2009 pandemic, low uptake by healthcare workers was seen in countries including the UK,[78] Italy,[104] Greece,[105] and Hong Kong.[106]

negative: 2009 flu pandemic vaccine Another option proposed by the CDC was an "earlier rollout of seasonal vaccine," according to the CDC's Daniel Jernigan. He said the CDC would work with vaccine manufacturers and experts to see if that would be possible and desirable. Flu vaccination usually starts in September in the United States and peaks in November. Some vaccine experts agree it would be better to launch a second round of vaccinations against the new H1N1 strain instead of trying to add it to the seasonal flu vaccine or replacing one of its three components with the new H1N1 virus.[43]

negative: 2009 flu pandemic In February 2010, the CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices voted for "universal" flu vaccination in the U.S. to include all people over six months of age. The 2010â€“2011 vaccine will protect against the 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus and two other flu viruses.[81]

negative: The 5th Wave (novel) Third wave: Pestilence: The Others launch a scheme to infect as many remaining survivors as possible with a deadly virus. Using the Earth's birds as carriers (via falling excrement), the plague claims 97 percent of remaining survivors. The virus, which resembles an advanced form of Ebola, causes victims to slowly bleed to death until eventually "you've become a viral bomb. And when you explode, you blast everyone around you with the virus" (46).

negative: Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction Crossed by Garth Ennis is set in a post-apocalyptic world in which a bodily fluid-borne virus has destroyed civilization. Carriers of the virus develop a cross-shaped rash on their faces and act without inhibitions, raping, killing and torturing the few remaining uninfected humans.

negative: Guillain–Barré syndrome Some cases may be triggered by the influenza virus and potentially influenza vaccine. An increased incidence of Guillain–Barré syndrome followed influenza immunization that followed the 1976 swine flu outbreak (H1N1 A/NJ/76); 8.8 cases per million recipients developed the complication. Since then, close monitoring of cases attributable to vaccination has demonstrated that influenza itself can induce GBS. Small increases in incidence have been observed in subsequent vaccination campaigns, but not to the same extent.[15] The 2009 flu pandemic vaccine (against pandemic swine flu virus H1N1/PDM09) did not cause a significant increase in cases.[8] It is considered that the benefits of vaccination in preventing influenza outweigh the small risks of GBS after vaccination.[16] Even those who have previously experienced Guillain–Barré syndrome are considered safe to receive the vaccine in the future.[4] Other vaccines, such as those against poliomyelitis, tetanus or measles, have not been associated with a risk of GBS.[9]

negative: Rift Valley fever The disease is caused by the RVF virus, which is of the Phlebovirus type.[1] It is spread by either touching infected animal blood, breathing in the air around an infected animal being butchered, drinking raw milk from an infected animal, or the bite of infected mosquitoes.[1] Animals such as cows, sheep, goats, and camels may be affected.[1] In these animals it is spread mostly by mosquitoes.[1] It does not appear that one person can infect another person.[1] The disease is diagnosed by finding antibodies against the virus or the virus itself in the blood.[1]

negative: Virus Hepatitis C is caused by an RNA virus. In 80% of people infected, the disease is chronic, and without treatment, they are infected for the remainder of their lives. However, there is now an effective treatment that uses the nucleoside analogue drug ribavirin combined with interferon.[206] The treatment of chronic carriers of the hepatitis B virus by using a similar strategy using lamivudine has been developed.[207]

negative: Kangaroo Eye disease is rare but not new among kangaroos. The first official report of kangaroo blindness took place in 1994, in central New South Wales. The following year, reports of blind kangaroos appeared in Victoria and South Australia. By 1996, the disease had spread "across the desert to Western Australia".[citation needed] Australian authorities were concerned the disease could spread to other livestock and possibly humans. Researchers at the Australian Animal Health Laboratories in Geelong detected a virus called the Wallal virus in two species of midges, believed to have been the carriers.[43][44] Veterinarians also discovered fewer than 3% of kangaroos exposed to the virus developed blindness.[45]

negative: Virus classification Species names often take the form of [Disease] virus, particularly for higher plants and animals.

negative: 1775–82 North American smallpox epidemic Smallpox is a dangerous disease caused by the variola major virus. The most common type of smallpox, ordinary, historically has devastated populations with a 30% death rate. The smallpox virus is transmittable through bodily fluids and materials contaminated with infected materials. Generally, face-to-face contact is required for an individual to contract smallpox as a result of an interaction with another human. Unlike some viruses, humans are the only carriers of variola major. This limits the chances of the virus being unknowingly spread through contact with insect or other animal populations. Persons infected with smallpox are infectious to others for about 24 days of their infection time. However, there is a period of time in which individuals are contagious but have only begun to experience minor symptoms such as fever, headaches, body aches and sometimes vomiting.[1]

negative: The Hot Zone Finally, the author himself goes into Africa to explore Kitum Cave. On the way, he discusses the role of AIDS in the present, as the highway they were on, sometimes called the "AIDS Highway," or the "Kinshasa Highway" was where it first appeared. Equipped with a Hazmat suit, he enters the cave and finds a large number of animals, one of which might be the virus carrier. At the conclusion of the book, he travels to the quarantine facility in Reston. He finds the building abandoned and deteriorating. He concludes the book by claiming that Ebola will be back.

negative: Nasal administration The live attenuated influenza vaccine sold under the brand names FluMist (US) or Fluenz (Europe) is delivered intranasally. Flumist is a Quadrivalent Vaccine which contains four vaccine virus strains: an A/H1N1 strain, an A/H3N2 strain and two B strains. FluMist Quadrivalent contains B strains from both the B/Yamagata/14/88 and the B/Victoria/2/87 lineages. It has been approved by the CDC for vaccinating all eligible people between 2 and 49 years of age.

negative: Cocoa Krispies Kellogg's was criticized by health authorities in the United States and consumer experts in October 2009, when it unveiled a description on its boxes of Cocoa Krispies cereal that stated "now helps support your child's immunity".[8] Kellogg's responded that it didn't create the new copy to capitalize on the H1N1 virus concerns, but added "Kellogg developed this product in response to consumers expressing a need for more positive nutrition."

negative: Swine influenza In September 1988, a swine flu virus killed one woman and infected others. A 32-year-old woman, Barbara Ann Wieners, was eight months pregnant when she and her husband, Ed, became ill after visiting the hog barn at a county fair in Walworth County, Wisconsin. Barbara died eight days later, after developing pneumonia.[85] The only pathogen identified was an H1N1 strain of swine influenza virus.[86] Doctors were able to induce labor and deliver a healthy daughter before she died. Her husband recovered from his symptoms.

negative: Epstein–Barr virus infection EBV also establishes a lifelong dormant infection in some cells of the body's immune system. A late event in a very few carriers of this virus is the emergence of Burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, two rare cancers. EBV appears to play an important role in these malignancies, but is probably not the sole cause of disease.

negative: Arsenic Low-level exposure to arsenic at concentrations of 100 parts per billion (i.e., above the 10 parts per billion drinking water standard) compromises the initial immune response to H1N1 or swine flu infection according to NIEHS-supported scientists. The study, conducted in laboratory mice, suggests that people exposed to arsenic in their drinking water may be at increased risk for more serious illness or death from the virus.[107]

negative: Hepatitis B Individuals who remain HBsAg positive for at least six months are considered to be hepatitis B carriers.[60] Carriers of the virus may have chronic hepatitis B, which would be reflected by elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and inflammation of the liver, if they are in the immune clearance phase of chronic infection. Carriers who have seroconverted to HBeAg negative status, in particular those who acquired the infection as adults, have very little viral multiplication and hence may be at little risk of long-term complications or of transmitting infection to others.[61]

negative: Ebola virus disease Animals may become infected when they eat fruit partially eaten by bats carrying the virus.[74] Fruit production, animal behavior and other factors may trigger outbreaks among animal populations.[74]

negative: La Paz International carriers serving El Alto International Airport include American Airlines, Avianca, Avianca Ecuador, LAN Airlines, LAN Perú, Peruvian Airlines and Sky Airline, which offer direct flights from La Paz to cities such as Miami, Bogotá, Lima, Iquique, Santiago and Cusco. However, most international traffic, including flights to Europe, operates out of Viru Viru International Airport in Santa Cruz de la Sierra which is at a much lower altitude and is capable of handling larger aircraft.

negative: 1918 flu pandemic The 1918 flu pandemic (January 1918 – December 1920), also known as the Spanish flu, was an unusually deadly influenza pandemic, the first of the two pandemics involving H1N1 influenza virus.[1] It infected 500 million people around the world,[2] including people on remote Pacific islands and in the Arctic, and resulted in the deaths of 50 to 100 million (three to five percent of the world's population),[3] making it one of the deadliest natural disasters in human history.[4][5][6]

negative: Swine influenza There was another outbreak in India in 2017. The states of Maharashtra and Gujarat were the most affected states.[101] Gujarat high court has given Gujarat government instructions to control deaths by Swine Flu.[102] Actor Aamir Khan and wife Kiran Rao were among the latest to be afflicted by swine flu.[103] The couple spoke about their battle with the H1N1 virus via video conference at the Satyamev Jayate Water Cup event in Pune, which they had to skip due to ill-health. More than 1094 people died of Swine flu in India in year 2017 till 26 August 2017.[104]

negative: Guinea In 2014, there was an outbreak of the Ebola virus in Guinea. In response, the health ministry banned the sale and consumption of bats, thought to be carriers of the disease. Despite this measure, the virus eventually spread from rural areas to Conakry,[101] and by late June 2014 had spread to neighboring countries Sierra Leone and Liberia. In early August 2014 Guinea closed its borders to Sierra Leone and Liberia to help contain the spreading of the virus, as more new cases of the disease were being reported in those countries than in Guinea.

negative: Polio vaccine Interruption of person-to-person transmission of the virus by vaccination is important in the global polio eradication,[11] since  no long-term carrier state exists for poliovirus in individuals with normal immune function, polio viruses have no nonprimate reservoir in nature,[12] and survival of the virus in the environment for an extended period of time appears to be remote.


query: who sings baby it's cold outside original

positive: Baby, It's Cold Outside Loesser originally created it to sing with his wife, Lynn Garland, as a private performance for their friends. It was later recorded for the film Neptune's Daughter, it has been recorded by many artists since its original release, including Ray Charles, Dolly Parton and Michael Bublé.

positive: Baby, It's Cold Outside Loesser wrote the duet in 1944 and premiered the song with his wife, Lynn Garland, at their Navarro Hotel in New York housewarming party, and performed it toward the end of the evening, signifying to guests that it was nearly time to end the party. Loesser would introduce himself as the "Evil of Two Loessers", a play on the theme of the song, trying to keep the girl from leaving, and on the phrase "lesser of two evils". This was a period when the Hollywood elite's chief entertainment was throwing parties and inviting guests who were expected to perform. Garland wrote that after the first performance, "We become instant parlor room stars. We got invited to all the best parties for years on the basis of 'Baby.' It was our ticket to caviar and truffles. Parties were built around our being the closing act." Garland considered it their song and was furious when Loesser told her he was selling the song. Garland wrote, "I felt as betrayed as if I'd caught him in bed with another woman."[2]

negative: Baby, It's Cold Outside In at least one published version the tempo of the song is given as "Loesserando", a humorous reference to the composer's name.[6]

negative: Baby, It's Cold Outside The lyrics in this duet are designed to be heard as a conversation between two people, identified as "mouse" (usually female) and "wolf" (usually male) on the printed score; they are at the wolf's home and the mouse decides it is time to go home, but the wolf flirtatiously invites the mouse to stay as it is late and "it's cold outside." The mouse states that he/she has enjoyed the time and agrees at one point to another drink, but the mouse also says "the answer is no" and tries to return home, worried what family and neighbors will think.[3] Every line in the song features a statement from the mouse followed by a response from the wolf, which is musically known as a call and response song.

negative: Ray Charles and Betty Carter Ray Charles and Betty Carter is a 1961 album by Betty Carter and Ray Charles. The pair's recording of "Baby, It's Cold Outside" on the album topped the R&B charts.  A 1988 CD/LP re-issue included three bonus tracks and the 1998 Rhino Records re-issue combined, on a single CD, the original Ray Charles and Betty Carter with the complete Dedicated to You.

negative: Leon Redbone Redbone sang "Baby, It's Cold Outside" with Zooey Deschanel over the closing credits of the 2003 film Elf [13] and provided the voice for Leon the Snowman. On his 1987 album Christmas Island he performed "Frosty the Snowman" with Dr. John.[14] He performed the theme song for the TV shows Mr. Belvedere and Harry and the Hendersons.[1]

negative: Dave Frishberg Frishberg cites songwriter Frank Loesser as an influence,[8] and has said that Loesser's "Baby, It's Cold Outside", along with Willie Nelson's "Crazy", are songs he wished he had written. Like Loesser before him, Frishberg has also worked strictly as a lyricist on a number of occasions; his collaborators include Johnny Mandel, Alan Broadbent, Al Cohn, Blossom Dearie, David Shire, Julius Wechter, Dan Barrett, Bob Brookmeyer, Bob Dorough, Gerry Mulligan and Johnny Hodges.[4]

negative: List of My Little Pony (1986) characters Pegasus Ponies can fly using their featured wings, with the ability to carry considerable weight into the air with them. All of the Pegasus Ponies except North Star, Surprise, Locket, Twilight and babies (excluding Baby Lofty) have cameos in 'Baby, It's Cold Outside'.

negative: I Sing the Body Electric (short story collection) "The Cold Wind and the Warm" (originally published in Harperâ€™s Magazine, July 1964)

negative: Zooey Deschanel Deschanel made her on-screen singing debut in The New Guy (2002). In Elf (2003), she sings with Will Ferrell in the bathroom shower scene on "Baby, It's Cold Outside", and was also heard singing it on the soundtrack with Leon Redbone. Her piano composition "Bittersuite" was used thematically in the dark dramedy Winter Passing (2006), in which she co starred with Ferrell and Ed Harris, and also sings "My Bonnie Lies over the Ocean" in the film.[70]

negative: Tossin' and Turnin' On the original hit single version, the track begins with Lewis singing "I couldn't sleep at all last night," and it appears this way on most oldies compilations. However, on some releases the song has a prelude, where Lewis sings "Baby...Baby...you did something to me," followed by a musical cue into the first verse. Lewis usually includes this prelude when he performs the song live. The personnel on the original hit recording included Ritchie Adams and Eric Gale on guitar, Bob Bushnell on bass, King Curtis on a tenor sax mouthpiece, Frank Haywood Henry on baritone sax, Paul Griffin on Piano, and Sticks Evans on drums.

negative: Baby It's You The song was produced by Luther Dixon. When released as a single in 1961, the song became very popular, becoming a Top 10 smash on the Pop and R&B Charts, reaching number three on the R&B chart and peaking at number eight on Billboard's Hot 100 chart.[3] It later appeared on the album Baby It's You, named to capitalize upon the success of the single. The vocal arrangements on this version proved influential in subsequent versions, including that by the Beatles, who used the same one. One notable feature of the song is its minor-to-major key chord changes on the verses.

negative: The Ballad of Baby Doe Augusta retires for the evening, while Horace steps outside to smoke a cigar. He overhears two women speaking about the woman and learns that her name is Baby Doe, and that she has a husband in Central City. Horace hears Baby singing "The Willow Song" and applauds herâ€”much to her surprise since she did not know he was listening. He sings "Warm as the Autumn Light" to her. Augusta's comments from upstairs stop the scene.

negative: I'm on the Outside (Looking In) Cover versions were recorded by The Miracles, Johnny Mathis, Baby Washington, The Moments, and others. Gourdine, Wright, Collins, and Strain reunited in 2003 and performed the song 39 years after they originally recorded it on the PBS special: Soul Spectacular: 40 Years of R&B.

negative: Kurt Hummel In "Grilled Cheesus", when members of the glee club are singing songs about religion and spirituality, Kurt sings The Beatles' "I Want to Hold Your Hand", dedicating the song to his father, who is in a coma in the hospital. Murphy stated that it would have been easy to have Kurt, an atheist, sing an anti-religion song, but instead chose to have him sing about love.[56] Critics disagreed over the appropriateness of this song choice. Anthony Benigno of the Daily News said he "found it particularly jarring to hear Kurt singing 'I wanna be your man' about his father",[81] but Jessica Derschowitz of CBS News and MTV's Aly Semigran enjoyed that the performance of "I Want to Hold Your Hand" brought new meaning to the song, which Semigran named her favorite number of the episode.[82][83] In "Special Education", when given his first opportunity to audition for a Warblers solo, Kurt asks Rachel for advice on selecting a song and she recommends "Don't Cry for Me Argentina" from Evita; the episode cuts between the two as they each sing the song.[37] Both Colfer's and Michele's versions were released as singles, available for digital download, although neither appears on an album. Kurt and Blaine perform the duet "Baby, It's Cold Outside" during the Christmas-oriented episode "A Very Glee Christmas".[84] The number was released on Glee: The Music, The Christmas Album,[85] and although it was not also released as a single, it nevertheless reached number fifty-seven on the Billboard Hot 100.[86] As a Dalton Academy Warbler, Kurt sings the harmony line to Blaine's lead in "Animal" by Neon Trees in the episode "Sexy", and in "Original Song" he sings "Blackbird" by The Beatles. He also sings primary lead in a duet version of "Candles" by Hey Monday, with Blaine as the other lead. All three songs were included on the soundtrack Glee: The Music Presents the Warblers, released on April 19, 2011.[87]

negative: It's Not the End of the World? The video begins with a shot of a computer generated man with a guitar and sunglasses walking down a set of spiral stairs singing along with "It's Not the End of the World?'s" chorus. A baby is then shown playing with a toy tank before a man seen receiving his call up papers, having his head shaved by a barber then leaving on a steam train as people outside wave goodbye. The next shot features a battleshipâ€”the video then cuts to a small boy playing with a toy ship in the bath before joints of meat on hooks are seen moving from right to left through a tiled room spattered with blood. A shot of a military commander on horseback addressing his troops appears before the second chorus which again features a guitarist singing along as he walks down spiral stairs.

negative: Baby It's You "Baby It's You" is a song written by Burt Bacharach (music), Luther Dixon (credited as Barney Williams)[1] and Mack David (lyrics). It was recorded by the Shirelles and the Beatles, and became hits for both. The highest-charting version of "Baby It's You" was by the band Smith, who took the song to number five on the US charts in 1969.[2]

negative: Baby (You've Got What It Takes) Originally titled "You've Got What It Takes", the song was first recorded by Benton's sister,[1] Dorothy Pay, in 1958, as the B-side of her single "Strollin' with My Baby" on Mercury 71277.[2][3]  It was then recorded more successfully as a duet by Dinah Washington and Brook Benton, in their first collaboration.  The single was very successful on both the pop and R&B charts. "Baby (You've Got What It Takes)" reached #5 on the Billboard Hot 100 and #1 on the Hot R&B sides chart for ten weeks,[4] becoming one of the most successful R&B singles of the 1960s.  The single, with the song title styled "BABY (You've Got What It Takes)", included orchestra arranged and conducted by Belford Hendricks.

negative: (You're So Square) Baby I Don't Care "(You're So Square) Baby I Don't Care" is a song written in 1957 by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller for the film Jailhouse Rock starring singer and musician Elvis Presley. Presley's version, one of the only songs in which he plays the electric bass, was recorded on May 3, with the vocal track added on May 9, 1957 and  released on his Jailhouse Rock EP. It reached number fourteen on the R&B charts.[1]  It later become a minor pop standard, with notable versions being performed by Buddy Holly, who included the song on his self-titled second album, and his version made the British singles chart in 1961.

negative: Nashville (2012 TV series) Christmas With Nashville, an album featuring seasonal music performed by most of the main cast, was released on November 4, 2014.[83] Unlike the other albums, the music was not heard on the series (with the exception of "Baby, It's Cold Outside," performed by Britton and Will Chase).

negative: Where Love Is, God Is Martin later saw a young woman outside with a baby not properly dressed for the cold. He invited her in for some food and gave her warmer clothes and money. Martin also told her about Jesus and she thanked him and left. Then he saw a young boy stealing from an older lady. He went outside and settled their argument as he extended love and compassion towards the both of them.

negative: You Must Have Been a Beautiful Baby Originally, the song was recorded by Bing Crosby for the biggest-selling hit version,[1][2] while other contemporaneous hit versions included recordings by Tommy Dorsey (with vocal by Edythe Wright) and Russ Morgan.[1] It was also revived by Bobby Darin in 1961, reaching the charts again that year.[1] The song has been recorded by many other artists (see below for a partial list) and is considered a popular standard. It was used frequently in the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies cartoons, also produced by Warner Brothers, under the musical direction of Carl W. Stalling.[3]

negative: Baby, Please Don't Go The song became a hit and established Williams' recording career.[9] On December 12, 1941, he recorded a second version titled "Please Don't Go" in Chicago for Bluebird, with a more modern arrangement and lyrics.[10] Blues historian Gerard Herzhaft calls it "the most exciting version",[1] which Williams recorded using his trademark nine-string guitar. Accompanying him are Sonny Boy Williamson I on harmonica and Alfred Elkins on imitation bass (possibly a washtub bass).[11] Since both songs appeared before recording industry publications began tracking such releases, it is unknown which version was more popular. In 1947, he recorded it for Columbia Records with Williamson and Ransom Knowling on bass and Judge Riley on drums. This version did not reach the Billboard Race Records chart,[12] but represents a move toward a more urban blues treatment of the song.

negative: Baby It's You Smith's version appeared on their debut album, A Group Called Smith. The single was released on Dunhill 4206 in 1969. It was their first and most successful release. This version alters the traditional vocal arrangement as performed by the Shirelles and the Beatles in favor of a more belted, soulful vocal. The single hit #5 on the Billboard Hot 100. The Smith version was used in Quentin Tarantino's Death Proof.[16]

negative: Don't Worry Baby The song, as originally performed by the Beach Boys, is sung from the point of view of a teenager who reluctantly agrees to a challenge to race a rival after rashly bragging about his car, and is reassured by his girlfriend's plea to take her love with him when he races.

negative: Darius Rucker On September 15, 2014, it was announced that Rucker had completed his first Christmas album and that it would be released on October 27, 2014. Included is a collaboration with Sheryl Crow on "Baby, It's Cold Outside".[49] May 30, 2015 Rucker headlined Philadelphia's infamous XTU 31st Anniversary Show at the Susquehanna Bank Center.

negative: Baby's on Fire The album version of "Baby's on Fire" is 5 minutes 19 seconds long.[5] The song begins with a tense high-hat and bass line, along several different kinds of electronic sounds. Eno's vocals enter after this, being described as "nasal" and "slightly snotty."[6] Following this first section of lyrics there is a 3 minute guitar solo by Robert Fripp and Paul Rudolph with shifting drum beats as backing; Eno's vocal returns as the song ends.[6] The last line sung by Eno is, "The temperature's rising, and any idiot would know that." In the 801 Live version performed by 801, the last line says, "But any idiot could see that!"

negative: Duet Throughout the 20th century duets have been common in the popular music of the era. Some songs were written to be heard as conversations, such as "Baby, It's Cold Outside". Others were performed around a theme, for example New York in "Empire State of Mind". Occasionally duets are an improvisation between artists, such as "Under Pressure". David Bowie and Freddie Mercury reportedly composed the lyrics in a day by improvising together.[4]

negative: Baby, Please Don't Go Big Joe Williams various recordings inspired other blues musicians to record their interpretations of the song[13] and it became a blues standard.[1] Early examples include Papa Charlie McCoy as "Tampa Kid" (1936), Leonard "Baby Doo" Caston (1939), Lightnin' Hopkins (1947), John Lee Hooker (1949) and Big Bill Broonzy (1952).[14] By the early 1950s, the song was reworked in contemporary musical styles, with an early rhythm and blues/jump blues version by Billy Wright (1951),[1] a harmonized doo-wop version by the Orioles (a number eight R&B hit in 1952),[c] and a Afro-Cuban-influenced rendition by Rose Mitchell (1954).[1]

negative: Ectopic pregnancy In July 1999, Lori Dalton gave birth by caesarean section in Ogden, Utah, United States, to a healthy baby girl who had developed outside of the uterus. Previous ultrasounds had not discovered the problem. "[Sage Dalton]'s delivery was slated as a routine Caesarean birth at Ogden Regional Medical Center in Utah. When Dr. Naisbitt performed Lori's Caesarean, he was astonished to find Sage within the amniotic membrane outside the womb ... ."[48] "But what makes this case so rare is that not only did mother and baby surviveâ€”they're both in perfect health. John Dalton [(the father)] took home video inside the delivery room. Sage came out doing extremely well because even though she had been implanted outside the womb, a rich blood supply from a uterine fibroid along the outer uterus wall had nourished her with a rich source of blood."[49]

negative: Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow! First recorded for RCA Victor in 1945 by Vaughn Monroe,[2] it became a popular hit, reaching No. 1 on the Billboard Best Sellers music chart in late January and through February, 1946. Woody Herman's competing recording, featuring himself on vocals and a notable trumpet solo by Sonny Berman, peaked at No. 7 on the Billboard chart, while Connee Boswell reached No. 9 with her rendition.

negative: Baby, It's Cold Outside Although some critical analyses of the song have highlighted parts of the lyrics such as "What's in this drink?" and the wolf's unrelenting pressure to stay despite the mouse's repeated suggestions that she should go home,[4] others noted that cultural expectations of the time period were such that women were not socially permitted to spend the night with a boyfriend or fiancÃ©, and that the mouse states that she wants to stay, while "What's in this drink?" was a common idiom of the period used to rebuke social expectations by blaming one's actions on the influence of alcohol.[4][5]

negative: Where You Are (Jessica Simpson song) The song reached number 62 on the Billboard Hot 100, becoming Simpson's third Hot 100 chart entry. The single is most known for being the first single that Simpson professionally recorded with Lachey. (The couple recorded several other duets, including, "A Whole New World" and "Baby, It's Cold Outside".)

negative: (You're) Having My Baby Anka, whose last chart-topping hit had been 1959's "Lonely Boy", had written the song for his wife and their four daughters while appearing at Lake Tahoe.[2] The song was going to be a solo effort by Anka, but the unknown Coates, whom Anka had met while on tour, was at the studio during the recording session. Upon suggestion by United Artists recording executive Bob Skaff, the song became a duet.[2] Released in late June 1974, "(You're) Having My Baby" climbed the chart and became Anka's third No. 1 song. A follow-up single "One Man Woman/One Woman Man", reached the Top 10 in early 1975.


query: when does the second part of vikings season 4 start

positive: Vikings (season 4) The fourth season consists of a double order of twenty episodes, split into two parts of ten episodes;[1][2][3] the second half premiered on November 30, 2016. The season follows the battles between Ragnar and Rollo in Francia, Bjorn's raid into the Mediterranean, and the Viking invasion of England. It concluded in its entirety on February 1, 2017.[4]

negative: Vikings (season 4) The fourth season of the historical drama television series Vikings premiered on February 18, 2016 on History in Canada. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season of the series begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793.

negative: Vikings (season 2) The second season of the historical drama television series Vikings premiered on February 27, 2014 on History in Canada, and concluded on May 1, 2014, consisting of ten episodes. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season of the series begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793.

negative: Vikings (season 2) The second season follows Ragnar's struggles with rival Vikings and his rise from Earl to King. The Vikings raid further into England, and for the first time are offered land for settlement.

negative: Vikings (season 5) The fifth season of the historical drama television series Vikings premiered on November 29, 2017 on History in Canada.[1] The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season of the series begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793.

negative: Vikings (TV series) In Australia, the series premiered on August 8, 2013 on SBS One.[39] It was later moved to FX, which debuted the second season on February 4, 2015.[40] Season three of Vikings began broadcasting in Australia on SBS One on March 19, 2015.[41] Season four of Vikings began broadcasting in Australia on SBS One on February 24, 2016.[42]

negative: Vikings (season 2) â€”Trevor Morris on returning to Vikings for season 2[4]

negative: Vikings (2013 TV series) On April 5, 2013, History renewed Vikings for a ten-episode second season.[12] Jeff Woolnough[13] and Kari Skogland joined Ken Girotti and Ciaran Donnelly as directors of the second season.[14]

negative: Vikings (TV series) On April 5, 2013, History renewed Vikings for a ten-episode second season.[10]

negative: Vikings (season 5) The fifth season consists of a double order of twenty episodes, split into two parts of ten episodes; the second half will premiere in 2018.[2] The premise of the fifth season differs from the previous four after the departure of Travis Fimmel as Ragnar, and it now follows the adventures of his sons. Jonathan Rhys Meyers is introduced as a major character, after his initial appearance in the fourth season's finale.[3]

negative: List of Vikings episodes On March 17, 2016, History renewed Vikings for a fifth season of 20 episodes, premiered on November 29, 2017.[2][3] On September 12, 2017, ahead of its fifth-season premiere, the series was renewed for a sixth season, which will consist of 20 episodes.[4] As of  January 24, 2018,[update] 59 episodes of Vikings have aired, concluding the first half of the fifth season.

negative: Vikings (season 3) The third season of the historical drama television series Vikings premiered on February 19, 2015 on History in Canada, and concluded on April 23, 2015, consisting of ten episodes. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season of the series begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793.

negative: Vikings (TV series) In the UK, Vikings premiered on May 24, 2013 where it was exclusively available on the streaming video-on-demand service LoveFilm.[36] The second season premiered on March 24, 2015.[37] The third season began airing on February 20, 2015 on Amazon Video.[38]

negative: Adrian Peterson Entering Week 17, he needed 208 yards to break the NFL single-season record for the most rushing yards (2,105), set in 1984 by Eric Dickerson. That week, the Vikings played the Green Bay Packers needing a win to clinch a playoff berth. The game was tied at 34 in the fourth quarter when Peterson ran for 26 yards, setting the Vikings up for a game-winning field goal with three seconds left.[103] The Vikings chose the field goal, which sent them to the playoffs, but also left Peterson nine yards short of breaking the record. Peterson became the second player (Earl Campbell, 1980) to rush for 150 or more yards in seven games during an NFL season and had 1,019 yards after contact. He finished the 2012 season with 2,097 rushing yards,[104] the second-most ever for a running back in a single season. The Vikings improved from 3–13 in 2011 to 10–6, qualifying as the NFC's sixth seed in the playoffs. In the Wild Card round, with Vikings' starting quarterback Christian Ponder unable to start due to injury, the Vikings fell to the Green Bay Packers in a rematch by a score of 24–10.[105] The team's record, alongside Peterson's historic season, earned him the NFL Offensive Player of the Year and the NFL Most Valuable Player awards.[106] His comeback from an ACL tear the season before also earned him second place in NFL Comeback Player of the Year award voting, coming in second to Denver Broncos quarterback Peyton Manning. After the completion of the season, Peterson underwent surgery for a sports hernia. It became known that Peterson played through this injury starting in the last quarter of the season.[107]

negative: List of Minnesota Vikings starting quarterbacks The Vikings' starting quarterback for the first game of their inaugural season against the Chicago Bears was George Shaw.[3] However, he was replaced by Fran Tarkenton early on, who passed for four touchdowns in the game and rushed for one more. Tarkenton went on to start in 10 of the Vikings' 14 regular season matches that year.[4] He played for the Vikings until 1967, when he was traded to the New York Giants,[5] and Joe Kapp took his place as the Vikings' starting quarterback .[6] Kapp led the Vikings to their first playoff appearance in 1968,[7] but he was traded to the Boston Patriots in 1970 and Gary Cuozzo stepped up to replace him.[6][8] Cuozzo remained in the position for two seasons, moving to the St. Louis Cardinals in 1972.[8]

negative: Vikings (TV series) Vikings premiered on March 3, 2013 in Canada[30] and the United States.[6] Vikings was renewed for a fourth season in March 2015 with an extended order of 20 episodes, which premiered on February 18, 2016.[31][32][33] On March 17, 2016, History renewed Vikings for a fifth season of 20 episodes, which is set to premiere on November 29, 2017.[20][34] On September 12, 2017, ahead of its fifth season premiere, the series was renewed for a sixth season, which will consist of 20 episodes.[35]

negative: Minnesota Vikings Minnesota began the 2006 season 4–2 (with Childress becoming the first Vikings coach to start his career 2–0), but would finish the year at 6–10,[56] receiving the 7th pick in the NFL Draft; with it, the Vikings selected Adrian Peterson out of the University of Oklahoma.[57]

negative: Vikings (season 4) Vikings is an Irish-Canadian co-production presented by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The fourth season was developed and produced by Octagon Films for the first sixteen episodes, TM Productions for the last four episodes, and Take 5 Productions. Morgan O'Sullivan, Sheila Hockin, Sherry Marsh, Alan Gasmer, James Flynn, John Weber, and Michael Hirst are credited as executive producers. This season was produced by Keith Thompson for the first eight and for the last four episodes, and Sanne Wohlenberg for the ninth to sixteenth episodes. Bill Goddard and SÃ©amus McInerney act as co-producers.[9]

negative: 2016 Minnesota Vikings season Shaun Hill started at quarterback in the team's first game, as Sam Bradford was rested until the second game.

negative: Vikings (season 2) The soundtrack was released on June 13, 2014 by Sony Classical Records.[4]

negative: 1999 Minnesota Vikings season After going 15–1 in 1998 the Vikings began the 1999 season with high hopes of another great season. Randall Cunningham resumed duties again in 1999, but after a lukewarm 2–4 start, he was benched and Jeff George was given the starting job. He finished the season with an 8–2 record, and led the Vikings into the postseason once again, with an overall team record of 10–6. Minnesota beat Dallas in the Wild Card Game 27–10, and faced playoff newcomer Kurt Warner and the St. Louis Rams in the Divisional Round. The game was a shootout which Minnesota led 17–14 at halftime, but the Rams outscored Minnesota 35 to 20 in the second half to win 49–37. St. Louis would go on to win Super Bowl XXXIV.

negative: The Bridge (Scandinavian TV series) Series four consists of eight episodes. Each episode is 60 minutes in length. Broadcast started on 1 January 2018 in the Nordic countries, and on 1 March 2018 in Australia on SBS, with the third and fourth series made available on the SBS On Demand service in February 2018,[47] and was broadcast on BBC Two in the UK from 11 May 2018 with these final eight episodes shown over eight weeks rather than doubled-up in the BBC4 tradition.[48][49]. The size of the second episode audience was 19% of the first episode. [50]

negative: Vikings (season 4) The production team for this season includes casting directors Frank and Nuala Moiselle, costume designer Joan Bergin, visual effects supervisor Dominic Remane, stunt action designers Franklin Henson and Richard Ryan, composer Trevor Morris, production designer Mark Geraghty, editors Aaron Marshall for the first, fourth, seventh, fifteenth and eighteenth episodes, Christopher Donaldson for the second, fifth and eighth episodes, Tad Seaborn for the third, sixth, ninth, eleventh, thirteenth, sixteenth and nineteenth episodes, and Don Cassidy for the tenth, twelfth, fourteenth, seventeenth and twentieth episodes, and cinematographers Pj Dillon for the first eight and last four episodes, and Owen McPolin for the ninth to sixteenth episodes.[9]

negative: Minnesota Vikings During the 2003 season, the Vikings came close to getting into the playoffs. However, the Arizona Cardinals completed a game-winning touchdown on 4th-and-28 with 0:00 left, knocking the Vikings out of the playoffs. The moment of Arizona's touchdown was actually the first moment the entire season in which the Vikings hadn't led their division. The Vikings became the second team in football history to miss the playoffs after getting off to a 6â€“0 start, following the 1978 Washington Redskins.

negative: Matt Cassel On the same day he was released from the Chiefs, Cassel signed with the Minnesota Vikings.[82] On September 27, it was announced that Cassel would get his first start as a Viking in Week 4 against the Pittsburgh Steelers, due to a rib injury to starting quarterback Christian Ponder.[83] The Vikings won the game 34â€“27.[84] Due to another injury to Christian Ponder, Cassel received his third start of the season week 14 against the Baltimore Ravens. Despite a two touchdown, zero interception performance, the Vikings lost to the Ravens 29-26 during a heavy snow game.[85] He would remain the starting quarterback the rest of the season where the Vikings finished with a 5-10-1 record and Cassel either played the whole game or came in to rally the Vikings from behind in all five victories.[86]

negative: Vikings (2013 TV series) Michael Hirst announced plans for the fourth season before the third season had begun airing.[20] The fourth season began production around the Dublin area in April 2015.[21]

negative: 1998 Minnesota Vikings season Cunningham made his first start of the season and threw for 220 yards and a five-yard score to Randy Moss. The game was mostly a Gary Anderson field goal exhibition as he booted five field goals plus two PATs, the second on Leroy Hoard's 11-yard rushing touchdown in the Vikes' 29â€“6 win.

negative: Total Drama All-Stars and Pahkitew Island The entire season first premiered in the United States starting on September 10, 2013 on Cartoon Network for the first part,[6] with the second part premiering in the United States on July 7, 2014 for a two-week time period.[7] In Canada, the first part premiered on Teletoon during their "Can't Miss Thursdays" time slot starting January 9, 2014.[8][9] The second part of the season also premiered during their "Can't Miss Thursdays" time slot on Teletoon starting on September 4, 2014.[10][11][12] The second half of the season also premiered on the APTN network in 2015.[4]

negative: Fear the Walking Dead (season 4) The fourth season of Fear the Walking Dead, an American horror-drama television series on AMC, premiered on April 15, 2018, and comprises 16 episodes split into two eight-episode parts.[1] The second half of the season premiered on August 12, 2018, and concluded on September 30, 2018.[2] It is a companion series to The Walking Dead, and the season premiere contained the first crossover between the two series. The season features new showrunners Andrew Chambliss and Ian B. Goldberg, and the series also moved to a new filming location, Austin, Texas.

negative: Minnesota Vikings On March 2, 2005, Vikings wide receiver Randy Moss was traded to the Oakland Raiders for linebacker Napoleon Harris and the Raiders' first round draft pick. After struggling to a disappointing 2–5 start to the 2005 season, Vikings lost quarterback Daunte Culpepper to a season-ending knee injury. This injury was a very significant part to this Minnesota Vikings team due to the fact they also lost Moss. The dynamic duo from years earlier were now gone and a new leader would eventually emerge. The Vikings finished the 2005 season with a 9–7 record. However, this season would be more notable for off-the-field events. In October, 17 team members were part of a party of about 90 that went out on a pleasure cruise on local Lake Minnetonka. The incident erupted into scandal when media reported that a number of the players had performed sex acts and that prostitutes had been flown in. Four players were ultimately charged with misdemeanors related to the party.[54]

negative: List of Minnesota Vikings starting quarterbacks The Vikings have had 36 starting quarterbacks in the history of their franchise; they have never had more than three starting quarterbacks in one season.[a] The Vikings' past starting quarterbacks include Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees Fran Tarkenton, Brett Favre and Warren Moon.[2] The team's first starting quarterback was George Shaw; he was replaced by Tarkenton in the franchise's first game, and the future Hall of Famer retained the starting role for most of the remainder of the season. As of the 2018 season, Minnesota's starting quarterback is Kirk Cousins.

negative: Minnesota Vikings Another mascot associated with the Vikings was "Vikadontis Rex", a purple foam dinosaur.[129] Vikadontis was the official mascot of the Minnesota Vikings Children's Fund and took part in the 1995 Celebrity Mascot Olympics. Vikadontis was retired starting with the 2000 season. The team also had an NFL Huddles mascot in the mid-1980s, (somewhat similar to Viktor the Viking). Krazy George was also employed as a cheerleader from 1982 to 1985.[130]

negative: List of Minnesota Vikings starting quarterbacks Tarkenton returned for another seven-year spell as the Vikings' starting quarterback in 1972, continuing until his retirement in 1978,[5] at which point Tommy Kramer was promoted from the second string in his second season with the franchise.[9] Kramer was injured for most of the 1983 season, so Steve Dils served as the starting quarterback for most of the season,[10] before Kramer reclaimed the position in 1984.[9] For the 1987 season, Kramer shared quarterback duties with Wade Wilson, before Wilson took over on a permanent basis from 1988.[11] Wilson was replaced by the emerging Rich Gannon in 1990,[12] but Gannon was released after the 1992 season and veteran Jim McMahon took over for the 1993 season until the arrival of Warren Moon in 1994.[13]


query: does archie end up with betty or veronica in riverdale

positive: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty "Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty" is an American comic book story by writer Michael Uslan and artists Stan Goldberg and Bob Smith that was originally presented in Archie # 600–606. In issues # 600–602, the story features a futuristic look into the life of Riverdale teen Archie Andrews in the years that follow his college graduation when Archie makes his ultimate decision to marry Veronica Lodge instead of Betty Cooper. In Issues # 603–605, the story switches and Archie proposes marriage to Betty instead of to Veronica. Issue #606 serves as the epilogue to the story and ties the previous six issues together.

positive: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty Life with Archie: The Married Life was based on the Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty storyline, but was not a direct continuation on it. The series lasted from 2010 to 2014, ending with 37 issues. Issues 1-35 contained two stories each, the first story was Archie Marries Veronica and the second one was Archie Marries Betty. The last two issues, on the other hand, were structured differently. Instead of having two stories both issues had one, but were twice as long as the others. Also, neither issue made it clear whether Archie was married to Betty or Veronica. Together both issues make up The Death of Archie storyline.

negative: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty The wedding goes smoothly. Mr. and Mrs. Lodge walk Veronica down the aisle as all of Riverdale watches. Archie and Veronica become husband and wife as Betty looks on tearfully, but happily. At the reception, Archie and Veronica share their first dance to "Sugar, Sugar", speeches are made, the cake is cut, and the bouquet is tossed. Betty catches it and walks away trying to hide her tears. Veronica catches up to her to make sure she's okay. Archie and Veronica then depart on their honeymoon to a remote island in the Caribbean owned by the Lodges.

negative: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty Later that evening, Archie and Betty tell both their parents about the engagement. The Andrews are very pleased with their son's choice of “marrying for love, not money.” The Coopers are also very happy. Betty then tells them that they plan to have a small, inexpensive wedding at Pop Tate's. Meanwhile, Veronica cries on her father's shoulder, but he assures her that there are plenty of men out there and “things always work out for the best.” All of Riverdale is gossiping about the upcoming nuptials, and whether Veronica's fortune should be a factor. On the night of Archie's bachelor party at Pop Tate's, his groomsmen, Jughead, Reggie, Moose, Dilton, and Chuck express concern for Veronica and her place among Betty's bridesmaids. Meanwhile, Betty goes to the Lodge estate and asks Veronica to be her maid of honor, who promptly slams the door in her face. But after seeing her so upset, Veronica agrees and tells Betty "she won Archie fair and square".

negative: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty After the party, Archie is given a large sum of money by his parents. A few weeks later, he uses it for the down payment on an engagement ring for Veronica. He proposes to her in "Spiffany's" just as Betty and Jughead happen to walk by and witness. Veronica accepts and Betty runs weeping in an unknown direction. Jughead later chastises Archie for not telling him his plan. Eventually, Archie and Veronica tell Mr. Lodge, who accepts Archie as his future son-in-law as long as he works for Lodge Industries. Without any other jobs lined up, Archie goes along with it as his fiancee plans the biggest wedding Riverdale has ever seen.

negative: Archie Andrews The love triangle between Betty, Archie and Veronica became the hallmark of the Archie stories since the character was created more than 70 years ago. In Archie's debut, when he was nicknamed Chick, he was trying to impress Betty Cooper. When Veronica Lodge moves to Riverdale, however, he switched his attention to her, making Betty both angry and jealous. She began competing with Veronica for his affection.

negative: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty Time passes and Archie and Veronica move back to Riverdale and buy a minivan. Parenting is exhausting for both of them, but they lovingly raise their children past diapers and bottles. When the children are around three, the Andrews and the Lodges celebrate Christmas together. The children are sent to bed and Archie and Veronica discuss their happiness. Archie claims that he would be just as happy without the money. "All you need is love," he says.

negative: Archie Andrews Archie is a typical small-town teenager. His main crush is Betty Cooper, but is also fond of Veronica Lodge, forming the love triangle driving many of the comic's plot-lines. He has the best intentions, but often comes into conflict with Veronica's rich father, Hiram Lodge, and Riverdale High's principal, Waldo Weatherbee. As the lead singer of The Archies, Archie performs with Betty and Veronica, as well as his friend Reggie Mantle who battles him for Veronicaâ€™s heart, and his best friend Jughead Jones.

negative: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty "Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow" is the epilogue that ties together Part 1 through 6 of the Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty storyline that was originally presented in Archie #606. Archie is left in a vision of the future and struggles to explain it to his friends... and Betty and Veronica.

negative: Cheryl Blossom The character was reintroduced in the main continuity and back into Archie Andrews' life during the "Love Showdown" four-part series in 1994. During the series, Archie receives a letter from Cheryl which states she will be returning to Riverdale. Archie, infatuated with girls as always, decides to keep Cheryl's return a secret from Betty Cooper and Veronica Lodge. He merely acts in a typical Archie girl crush maneuver (looking dreamy, uttering nonsense). Unknown to Archie is that Betty and Veronica both think the other person did this to Archie, and they declare war on each other to win back Archie once and for all. Super Soakers, dirty dancing, and fraud are just some of the tactics that the girls use on each other. Cheryl returns to Riverdale, leaving readers wondering whom Archie will choose in the end.[3]

negative: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty After the gang cleans up their mess, Archie attempts to resume his conversation with Veronica, but she interrupts him again to tell him she's moving to Paris after her trip to run her father's fashion holdings. After this news, Archie has no need to continue his speech and asks Betty to share a malt with him while Veronica goes back to her bastion of beaux. Archie reminds Betty of how they first met and were always friends…sometimes more. He claims he can never fit into Veronica's high society world. Betty assumes he's going to ask her to “go steady,” but he claims that's not what he's thinking. Betty beats herself up and calls herself a jerk for assuming Archie wants to just date her. Archie laughs and calls her “the nicest, most loveable and beautiful jerk in Riverdale” and then pops the question. Betty, in shock for a moment, jumps for joy and answers yes. Archie and Betty kiss as Veronica watches in awe and disgust. Midge swoons at the romantic moment and prods her longtime boyfriend, Moose for a similar proposal, but he makes a joke instead. She slams his mortarboard over his head. Meanwhile, Reggie tries to make his move on Veronica, pretending to comfort her. She also breaks his mortarboard over his head. Veronica screams at Archie, claiming he missed his chance, but Archie defends his engagement to Betty in turn claiming that "she" was the one who missed her chance with him.

negative: List of Riverdale characters Archie is a student at Riverdale High School, a budding musician, and a football player for the Riverdale Bulldogs. His team number was number nine, given to him by Coach Clayton. This number was originally Jason Blossom's jersey, and so Archie took it upon himself to retire the jersey in Jason's honor and took the number seventeen in its place. Archie used to be the Captain of the football team but decided to defer his status as captain to Reggie Mantle after he felt more of an affinity with his music. Archie has been best friends with Jughead Jones and Betty Cooper since childhood. Betty develops feelings for Archie, in she ends up revealing to him. However, he doesn't reciprocate her feelings and decides to stay just friends with Betty, which causes minor temporary strain in their relationship. He instead is drawn to the new rich girl named Veronica who had just moved to Riverdale from New York following the arrest of her wealthy billionaire father Hiram Lodge after he committed fraud and embezzlement.

negative: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty "You May Kiss The Bride!" is Part 5 in the 6 issue story arc of Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty that was originally presented in Archie # 604.[7] The story features a futuristic look into the life of Archie Andrews and his wedding to Betty Cooper.

negative: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty They say goodbye to their families, friends and Riverdale, and set off for New York City. Betty impresses Cassie, her new boss on her very first day on the job. Archie's efforts to find a job continue to be unsuccessful until he has a chance encounter with a club owner who is looking for someone who can play the guitar and sing. Several months pass and the Andrews attend Betty's first corporate dinner with Cassie and her boss, Mr. Hugo. When they first meet him he makes a crack about Archie's clothes and talent. Archie tries to defend himself, but Betty tries to pass it off as a joke. He tries to insult Archie again, but Betty loses it and tells him she would punch him if she wasn't as classy as her husband, and quits her job on the spot. Betty apologizes to Archie for not standing up for him sooner, and Archie calls her his hero. They decide to move back to Riverdale. The next day while packing their bags, Cassie shows up at their apartment with flowers, asking them to stay and tells Betty she still has a great future with the company. Betty thanks her and says she already has a great future with Archie back in their hometown. Cassie tells them both how lucky they are and wishes them well.

negative: Betty Cooper In the late 90s, Betty started dating Adam Chisholm. It was thought by some people that Betty had chosen Adam over Archie. This event made Archie jealous and he concentrated his attention on Betty, ignoring Veronica, as he always does when he thinks someone else may take Betty away from him. Though in actuality, Adam has rarely been seen in the stories after that story arc, and Betty has continued to prefer Archie.

negative: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty Upon entering Pop's, Betty asks Archie for a dance, but he has Veronica on the brain and Betty points him in her direction. Veronica, surrounded by a group of handsome young men, is telling about a graduation trip around the world in 80 days. Archie asks to speak with her privately and starts to reminisce about the day she moved to Riverdale, but she keeps interrupting him. Reggie and Jughead spy from afar and are unclear if he's "proposing or letting her down easy." Before anything serious can be said, Moose demands that The Archies play a few songs. Even though the group hasn't played since high school, they entertain everyone with one of their hits, “Jingle Jangle”. Moose then starts a food fight that Jughead thoroughly enjoys.

negative: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty After his experiences walking up Memory Lane, Archie is left in a bewildered state. He tries talking about it to Betty and Veronica, but they are both too busy to talk to him. Needing to talk to someone about it he tells Reggie and Jughead about his strange visions. Reggie immediately thinks that he has gone nuts, but Jughead believes him.

negative: Riverdale (2017 TV series) The series features an ensemble cast based on the characters of Archie Comics, with KJ Apa in the role of Archie Andrews; Lili Reinhart as Betty Cooper, Camila Mendes as Veronica Lodge, and Cole Sprouse as Jughead Jones, the series' narrator. The cast also features Ashleigh Murray as Josie McCoy and Madelaine Petsch as Cheryl Blossom. Other characters in the series include Fred Andrews, Alice Cooper, FP Jones, and Hermione Lodge, the parents of Archie, Betty, Jughead, and Veronica respectively.

negative: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty The success of the Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty storyline led to the comic series, Life with Archie: The Married Life, and a similar storyline called "Archie Marries Valerie", depicting Archie marrying Valerie from Josie and the Pussycats, shown in Archie #631-634.

negative: Betty Cooper Contrary to the "dumb blonde"-stereotype, Betty actually has an above-average intelligence and is one of the smartest students at Riverdale High School, along with Dilton Doiley. In one story she won an award and was sent to compete in New York and has won numerous academic awards. At one point, she gained ESP when an encyclopedia accidentally fell on her head. This ability took away all hope for the future; Archie asked Veronica for a date, but Betty knew that Archie would dump Veronica for her. Betty lost her ESP power when a ball that Reggie kicked accidentally hit her; in her gratefulness, she gave him a thankful kiss.

negative: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty In May 2009, Archie Comics released plans for what they would call "The Archie Story Of The Century" and announced that Archie Andrews would ask Veronica Lodge to marry him in Archie Comics # 600,[1] the first issue of a six-part story arc detailing their engagement, marriage and life together. The publishers of Archie Comics did not expect the response they would get from readers and longtime fans telling them they made a mistake in Archie's choice. The New York Times would later reveal that the whole story is simply a fantasy and that the first half of the story would show Archie's life with Veronica, and the second half would show his life with Betty.[2]

negative: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty One year later, Archie is a big executive at Lodge Enterprises. Reggie shows up and asks for a job after he's been laid off and Archie gives him a job in sales. It's obvious that he's running himself ragged with work. When he comes home exhausted, Veronica reminds him of a dinner date they have with Ethel and her fiancÃ©. Archie is simply too tired and refuses to move, until Veronica announces that she's pregnant and he promptly faints.

negative: Veronica Lodge In the earliest Archie Comics, there were a few different 'Veronica origin' stories. In her debut story, in Pep #26, April 1942, Veronica was referred to as a 'sub-debutante', daughter of 'Money Bags' Lodge of Beacon Hill, who had just come to live in Riverdale. In Pep #31, September 1942, Veronica was revealed to have lived in Boston before coming to Riverdale. Her father Burton K. Lodge was introduced as a 'big shot Boston politician'. In Archie Comics #1, Winter 1942, we are shown another version of the history of Veronica's coming to live in Riverdale. In this story, Veronica was referred to as 'the elusive sub-deb' and 'that girl from New York'. Archie had never met this 'society dame', but kept daydreaming about her, and wrote letters to her he never sent. Archie wrote to her asking her to a dance in Riverdale, and the letter got sent accidentally; he really wanted to ask Betty Cooper, and was only daydreaming. Even after he realized he had sent the letter, he did not think she would really come. Veronica accepted the invitation, thinking that a dance would be fun. At the time she apparently lived in New York with her mother, and she begged Mrs Lodge to let her go to the Riverdale dance. Archie struggled trying to keep his dates with both girls, thus beginning their love triangle.

negative: Archie Andrews On May 15, 2009, Archie Comics announced that Archie would finally pick one of the girls to marry, in a story arc in Archie #600–606 (Aug. 2009 – Feb. 2010).[4] However, Archie Comics publicly revealed this to be a dream sequence[5] to show two possible futures: one where Archie marries Veronica (issues 600–602), and the other Betty (603–605). In both, he has twins: a boy also named Archie who looks like him, and a girl named after and resembling whichever girl he married. Issue 606 was an epilogue to Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty that returns to the comics' old format.

negative: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty The night before the gang's graduation from Riverdale High, The Archies play their final concert and mourn the oncoming changes. Archie comes home and after getting heat from his father about picking a college, he takes a walk down Memory Lane... literally. Archie realizes he's never walked up Memory Lane before and switches directions. After traveling through a yellow wood, Memory Lane splits into two dirt roads. He chooses the left one and "saves the right one for another day." Archie is then cast four years into the future on the eve of his college graduation. Archie soon makes it back to his house no longer wearing his high school lettermen's jacket but one that reads "State U" on the back. His mother exclaims how excited she is for her son's graduation and Fred states how he wishes Archie had majored in business instead of history and that he's still excited he's graduating from college. Archie dismisses this when Mary states that Veronica Lodge is waiting for him inside the house. He and Veronica discuss the changes in their lives, but both accept growing up.

negative: Archie Andrews The problem is that Archie reciprocates both girls' feelings for him. He and Betty date frequently, and he can always count on Betty to lift his ego by showering him with affection. Betty loves Archie, but he frequently takes her for granted. He often thinks of her more as a close friend and confidant; he likes it that he can use her as a back-up when he does not have a date with Veronica.

negative: Betty Cooper Betty's best friend is Veronica. Although the two are often involved in disputes over Archie or something else that evokes jealousy, they have remained the best of friends since their childhood. The two have commented that Jughead and Archie's friendship could not compare to theirs. In many stories, Betty and Veronica team up or help each other despite Veronica's jealousy and bitterness towards her. Betty's other female friends include Ethel Muggs, Midge Klump, and Nancy Woods, all of whom share common interests and group activities such as shopping and cheer-leading.

negative: Archie Andrews A third love interest is a wealthy red-headed girl named Cheryl Blossom. At first, she was deemed too sexual and a bit promiscuous and she was taken out of the series, but due to her popularity, she was brought back again in Love Showdown, a four-part mini-series in which Archie attempts to make a decision between Cheryl, Betty, and Veronica. Despite the efforts of both Cheryl and Veronica, he surprisingly chose Betty, much to her delight.

negative: List of Riverdale characters Betty is a student at Riverdale High School and longtime best friend of Archie Andrews, Jughead Jones, Kevin Keller and new girl Veronica Lodge. She is also a River Vixen at Riverdale High, as well as an editor for the school's newspaper, The Blue and Gold. Betty's family life was very tense, as her mother was extremely controlling, which led to her sister having a mental breakdown and being sent to live in a group home . Though her parents claimed this was caused by Polly's disastrous relationship with Jason Blossom, Betty knew better. As the only remaining daughter in the Cooper household, she was placed under immense pressure by her mother to be perfect in every way.

negative: Veronica Lodge Veronica Lodge is one of the main characters in the Archie Comics books series as well as CW's Riverdale.

negative: Jughead Jones Recently, Archie Comics trademarked the term 'Bughead', the name created by fans of the relationship between Betty and Jughead in both comics and the CW Riverdale. Betty and Jughead are canon, romantically, so far only in the 'Riverdale' universe, though Archie Comics has introduced their sleuthing relationship and subsequent ship name (#bughead) into their current run of Riverdale comics, implying that comic canon Bughead is soon to follow.

negative: List of Archie Comics characters Betty is the kind-hearted, caring, talented, and intelligent girl next door. She is romantically obsessed with Archie, but previously used to always end up playing second fiddle to Veronica Lodge. Recently, Archie has shown to prefer Betty over Veronica. She has a passion for writing and is a good student, athlete, cook, and auto mechanic. She cares deeply for the well-being of others and is always ready to help people with their problems. She has two siblings, Polly and Chic.[1]

negative: Betty Cooper At times, Betty is seen to have a close friendship with Cheryl Blossom, especially in Cheryl's own title. However, at other times, Betty and Veronica regard the seductive Cheryl as a threat because she tries to lure Archie away from them, and the two best friends unite against Cheryl to protect their interests. Jason Blossom, Cheryl's twin brother, is sometimes seen to have genuine interest towards Betty, which makes Archie jealous.

negative: Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty Later that night, Archie and Betty go for a walk. Archie has been sending out resumes, but is finding it difficult to find a job during the recession. He apologizes for not offering a better honeymoon than at the Blue Roof Inn in Centerville. Betty is entirely satisfied with it, however, and claims it's all part of “life with Archie.”