query: Which game was published first, Near and Far or King of Tokyo?

positive: Near and Far Near and Far is a board game for 2 to 4 players designed by Ryan Laukat and published by Red Raven Games in 2017. In this map based storytelling board game, players seek fame and fortune and the eventual discovery of a mysterious last ruin. The gameplay blends resource management with a storybook, with players controlling heroes that equip and provision themselves in a town, and then set out to explore the map, setting up camps and completing quests. The game is a sequel to Laukat's Above and Below, which is set in the same fictional universe.

positive: King of Tokyo King of Tokyo is a tabletop game using custom dice, cards, and boards, designed by Richard Garfield and released in 2011. A New York City-based edition, "King of New York", was published in 2014. A new version of the game was released in 2016, with all new artwork and characters, as well as mutant monsters, gigantic robots and other creatures.

negative: Tokyo Wars Tokyo Wars (トーキョーウォーズ , Tokyo Wōzu , "Tokyo Wars") is a 1996 first-person action video game developed and published by Namco for the arcade. The storyline provided by the game's promotional poster states that the game takes place in the 1990s.

negative: Tokyo Jungle Tokyo Jungle (トーキョー ジャングル ) is a survival action game developed by Crispy's and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3. The game takes place in a deserted, futuristic Tokyo, in which the city has transformed into a vicious wildlife wasteland.

negative: Ollie King Ollie King is arcade skateboard racing game developed by Amusement Vision and published by Sega for Sega Chihiro hardware in March 2004, following limited location tests in late 2003. The game was revealed at Tokyo's JAMMA Arcade Show in 2003. It was created by the same team that developed "Jet Set Radio".

negative: The King of Fighters XIV The King of Fighters XIV (ザ・キング・オブ・ファイターズ XIV ) is a fighting game in "The King of Fighters" ("KOF") video game series developed and published in Japan by SNK. It was developed for the PlayStation 4 and released in August 2016. Atlus USA and Deep Silver published the game in North America and Europe, respectively. It is notable as the first main-series "The King of Fighters" game rendered entirely in 3D, in contrast to previous installments which used 2D raster imagery.

negative: Tokyo Dark Tokyo Dark is an graphic adventure video game developed by the indie developer Cherrymochi and published by Square Enix for Microsoft Windows and macOS.

negative: The King of Rally The King of Rally (ザ・キング・オブ・ラリー パリ−モスクワ−北京 , "King of the Paris - Moscow - Beijing Rally") is a rally-type Super Famicom racing video game, set in a rally raid similar to that of the Paris-Dakar Rally. This scenario depicts an international race where the player has to drive an off-roader across a rally course in order to obtain the best time.

negative: Far Cry (video game) Far Cry is a first-person shooter video game developed by Crytek and published by Ubisoft. The game was released for Microsoft Windows on March 23, 2004. It is the first installment in the "Far Cry" series, followed by 2008's "Far Cry 2".

negative: Bliss (video game) Bliss - the Game for Lovers is a computer game created in 2005. It is the first and thus far the only game offered by independent software publisher Games for Loving.

negative: Far Cry 4 Far Cry 4 is an action-adventure first-person shooter video game developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, and Microsoft Windows. It is the successor to the 2012 video game "Far Cry 3", and the fourth main installment in the "Far Cry" series. The game was released on November 18, 2014.

negative: Ring King Ring King, known in the PAL regions as King of Boxer, and known in Japan as Family Boxing (ファミリーボクシング , Famirī Bokushingu ) , is an arcade boxing game published in 1985 by Data East in North America and by Woodplace, Inc. in the PAL regions.

negative: From Far Away From Far Away (彼方から , Kanata Kara ) is a fantasy shōjo manga by Kyoko Hikawa. It was published by Hakusensha in "LaLa" from 1993 to 2003 and collected in 14 tankōbon volumes. It is licensed in North America by Viz Media.

negative: King of the Hill (board game) King of the Hill is a race game, where players try to be the first to get their marbles from the start to the top of the mountain. It was originally published by Schaper Toys in 1960 and was recently re-released with slightly different rules by Winning Moves Games USA in 2006. The game is no longer in production.

negative: The King's Peace (novel) The King's Peace is a fantasy novel written by Jo Walton and published by Tor Books in October 2000. The first of Walton's published novels, it is also the first of three "Sulien" novels. It was followed in 2001 by a sequel, "The King's Name", and in 2002 by a prequel, "The Prize in the Game". The novels are a reinterpretation of the story of King Arthur.

negative: Tokyo Xtreme Racer 3 Tokyo Xtreme Racer 3 (known in Japan as Shutokou Battle 01 or Shutokou Battle 3) is a racing game for the PlayStation 2 and the follow-up to the 2001 game "". The game had a limited release in North America, and unlike the series' previous episodes, was not published in Europe. This is the last game in the series to take place on Tokyo's vast highway system. The later games for PlayStation 2 were (prequel) and (sequel). Each of these games took place in the mountains of Japan.

negative: NearGlobal NearGlobal is a London, UK, based software developer and publisher of Near, a 3D city browser platform and virtual world technology that delivers survey-accurate models of real-world cities that users can explore and interact with from their computer. The Near software was released in December 2009 with a public beta version incorporating the key shopping districts of London's West End.

negative: The King's Name The King's Name is a fantasy novel written by Jo Walton and published by Tor Books in October 2001. It was Walton's second novel and a sequel to her first, "The King's Peace". A prequel, "The Prize in the Game", was published in 2002.

negative: Little King's Story Little King's Story (王様物語 , Ōsama Monogatari ) lit. "King Story" is a real-time strategy life simulation role-playing video game co-developed by Cing and Town Factory for the Wii. The game was published by Rising Star Games in Australia on April 22, 2009 and Europe on April 24, 2009, by Xseed Games in North America on July 21, 2009, and by Marvelous Entertainment in Japan on September 3, 2009.

negative: To Court the King To Court the King is a dice-based board game designed by Tom Lehmann. It was published in German by Amigo Spiele and in English by Rio Grande Games in 2006. The basic mechanics of rolling and re-rolling dice have drawn comparisons to the game of Yahtzee.

negative: Fars (newspaper) Fars or Al-Montabaaho-fil-Fars (Persian:المنطبعه فی القارس) is an Iranian newspaper in Fars region. The concessionaire of this magazine was "Mirza Taghikhan Kashani" and it was published in Shiraz since 1872. This was the first modern newspaper which was published in southern Iran.

negative: Tokyo Tokyo Tokyo Tokyo (東京 東京 ) is a Japanese fast food restaurant chain in the Philippines.

negative: King's Knight King's Knight (キングスナイト , Kingusu Naito ) is a 1986 scrolling shooter video game developed by Square for the Nintendo Entertainment System and MSX. The game was released in Japan on September 18, 1986, and in North America in 1989. It was later re-released for the Wii's Virtual Console in Japan on November 27, 2007 and in North America on March 24, 2008. This would be followed by a release on the Virtual Console in Japan on February 4, 2015 for 3DS and July 6, 2016 for Wii U.

negative: King's Field IV King's Field IV, released in North America as King's Field: The Ancient City, is a medieval-themed first-person role-playing video game produced by FromSoftware for the PlayStation 2 in 2001 . It is the fourth game in the "King's Field" series. Agetec published the North America release in 2002 , while Metro 3D published the Europe release in 2003 .

negative: Haruka: Beyond the Stream of Time Harukanaru Toki no Naka de (遙かなる時空の中で , lit. "Within the Expanse of a Distant Time") is an otome adventure game developed by Ruby Party and published by Koei. It is a part of Ruby Party's Neoromance label.

negative: Kingu (magazine) Kingu (キング , meaning "King" in English) was a Japanese monthly general interest and entertainment magazine published in Tokyo, Japan. The magazine existed between 1925 and 1957. It was the first popular best-selling Japanese magazine. It was also one of two most significant magazines in mid-twentieth century Japan, the other one being "Ie no Hikari".

negative: Harukanaru Toki no Naka de 2 Harukanaru Toki no Naka de 2 (遙かなる時空の中で2 , In a Distant Time 2 ) is an otome adventure game developed by Ruby Party and published by Koei. It was originally released for PC, and has since been ported to PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable. "Harukanaru Toki no Naka de 2" is the second installment of the "" series, and it is a part of Ruby Party's Neoromance label.

negative: Tokyo Xanadu Tokyo Xanadu (東亰ザナドゥ , Tokyo Zanadu ) is an action role-playing video game for the PlayStation Vita. It was developed and published by Nihon Falcom, out of their desire to create a game of a different type and setting than their two other flagship video game series, "The Legend of Heroes" and "Ys", and has roots in the "Xanadu" series. The game was released on September 30, 2015 in Japan and on June 30, 2017 in North America and Europe. A PlayStation 4 version of the game, Tokyo Xanadu eX+, has also been released in Japan, and is also scheduled for release in English language regions sometime after the Vita release. The PS4 version will also be ported and released on Steam.

negative: Galactic Empire (1980 video game) Galactic Empire is a strategy video game. It is the first game in the "Galactic Saga" and the first game published by Brøderbund which was, in fact, created for the purpose of publishing the game.

negative: Warrior Kings: Battles Warrior Kings: Battles is a real-time strategy computer game developed by Black Cactus and published by Empire Interactive in Europe and co published with Strategy First in North America. It is a sequel to the 2002 game "Warrior Kings" and was released March 21, 2003 in Europe and September 30, 2003 in North America.

negative: Mickey no Tokyo Disneyland Daibōken Mickey no Tokyo Disneyland Daibōken (ミッキーの東京ディズニーランド大冒険 , Mikkī no Tōkyō Dizunīrando Daibōken , "Mickey's Great Adventure in Tokyo Disneyland") is a video game for the Super Famicom game console starring Mickey Mouse. It was published by Tomy on December 16, 1994 exclusively in Japan.

negative: Rise of Nightmares Rise of Nightmares (ライズ オブ ナイトメア) is a survival horror video game developed and published by Sega for the Xbox 360. The game was revealed at the 2010 Tokyo Game Show, and is designed specifically for Kinect. It is the first M-rated Kinect game released.

negative: Shaman King: Master of Spirits Shaman King: Master of Spirits is Metroidvania style platform-adventure video game developed by Konami Computer Entertainment Japan and published by Konami. This is the first Shaman King game that was developed for the Game Boy Advance in America. It was developed to accompany the English dub by 4kids Entertainment.

negative: King Salmon (video game) King Salmon (キングサーモン ) is a 1992 Sega Genesis/Mega Drive fishing video game that was developed by HOT・B/Sage's Creation and was released by Vic Tokai in North America.


query: What is the name of the man who was partners with the electrical engineer that was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in December 2000?

positive: Robert Noyce Robert Norton Noyce (December 12, 1927 – June 3, 1990), nicknamed "the Mayor of Silicon Valley," co-founded Fairchild Semiconductor in 1957 and Intel Corporation in 1968. He is also credited (along with Jack Kilby) with the realization of the first integrated circuit or microchip that fueled the personal computer revolution and gave Silicon Valley its name.

positive: Jack Kilby Jack St. Clair Kilby (November 8, 1923 – June 20, 2005) was an American electrical engineer who took part (along with Robert Noyce) in the realization of the first integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments (TI) in 1958. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics on December 10, 2000. To congratulate him, American President Bill Clinton wrote, "You can take pride in the knowledge that your work will help to improve lives for generations to come."

negative: Nobel Prize in Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i fysik" ) is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who conferred the most outstanding contributions for mankind in the field of physics. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901; the others being the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

negative: List of Nobel laureates in Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i fysik" ) is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of physics. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel (who died in 1896), awarded for outstanding contributions in physics. As dictated by Nobel's will, the award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and awarded by a committee that consists of five members elected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award prize that has varied throughout the years.

negative: List of female Nobel laureates The Nobel Prizes are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institute, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of Chemistry, Physics, Literature, Peace, Physiology or Medicine and Economics. All but the economics prize were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. The Nobel prize in Economics, or The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for outstanding contributions in the field of Economics. Each prize is awarded by a separate committee; the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, and Economics, the Swedish Academy awards the Prize in Literature, the Karolinska Institute awards the Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee awards the Prize in Peace. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a cash prize that has varied throughout the years.

negative: Chadwick Medal and Prize The Chadwick Medal and Prize is a biennial award presented by Institute of Physics (IOP) for distinguished research in particle physics. The medal is accompanied by a prize of £1000 and a certificate. It is named for Nobel Prize–winning physicist James Chadwick.

negative: List of Christian Nobel laureates The Nobel Prize is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. An associated prize in Economics has been awarded since 1969. Nobel Prizes have been awarded to 881 individuals.

negative: List of Arab Nobel laureates The Nobel Prize is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. An associated prize in Economics has been awarded since 1969. Nobel Prizes have been awarded to over 800 individuals.

negative: Mrinal Thakur Mrinal Thakur is a professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering of Auburn University in Alabama, USA. He holds a series of patents on electrically conductive polymers. Thakur claims that the 2000 Nobel Prize in chemistry to Alan J. Heeger, Alan MacDiarmid and Hideki Shirakawa was awarded for a scientific result he disproved in 1988: that only conjugated polymers could conduct electricity.

negative: Nobel Prize in Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i kemi" ) is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895, awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. This award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and awarded by Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on proposal of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry which consists of five members elected by Academy. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death.

negative: Nobel Prize controversies After his death in 1896, the will of Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel established the Nobel Prizes. Nobel's will specified that annual prizes are to be awarded for service to humanity in the fields of physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. Similarly, the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel is awarded along with the Nobel Prizes. Since the first award in 1901, the prizes have occasionally engendered criticism and controversy.

negative: List of Latino and Hispanic Nobel laureates The Nobel Prize is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. An associated prize in Economics has been awarded since 1969. Nobel Prizes have been awarded to over 800 individuals.

negative: Brian Josephson Brian David Josephson, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 4 January 1940), is a Welsh theoretical physicist and professor emeritus of physics at the University of Cambridge. Best known for his pioneering work on superconductivity and quantum tunnelling, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973 for his prediction of the Josephson effect, made in 1962 when he was a 22-year-old PhD student at Cambridge University. Josephson is the only Welshman to have won a Nobel Prize in Physics. He shared the prize with physicists Leo Esaki and Ivar Giaever, who jointly received half the award for their own work on quantum tunnelling.

negative: List of Nobel laureates in Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i litteratur") is awarded annually by the Swedish Academy to authors for outstanding contributions in the field of literature. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which are awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. As dictated by Nobel's will, the award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and awarded by a committee that consists of five members elected by the Swedish Academy. The first Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded in 1901 to Sully Prudhomme of France. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award prize that has varied throughout the years. In 1901, Prudhomme received 150,782 SEK, which is equivalent to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2007. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death.

negative: List of Indian Nobel laureates The Nobel Prize is a set of annual international awards bestowed on "those who conferred the greatest benefit on mankind" in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace and Economics. Instituted by Alfred Nobel's last will, which specified that his fortune be used to create a series of prizes, now known as the Nobel Prizes. They are widely recognized as one of the most prestigious honors awarded in the aforementioned fields.

negative: List of Asian Nobel laureates The Nobel Prize is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. An associated prize in Economics has been awarded since 1969. Nobel Prizes have been awarded to over 800 individuals.

negative: Nobel Prize in Literature Since 1901, the Nobel Prize in Literature (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i litteratur" ) has been awarded annually to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Alfred Nobel, produced "in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction" (original Swedish: "den som inom litteraturen har producerat det mest framstående verket i en idealisk riktning"). Though individual works are sometimes cited as being particularly noteworthy, here "work" refers to an author's work as a whole. The Swedish Academy decides who, if anyone, will receive the prize in any given year. The academy announces the name of the chosen laureate in early October. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895; the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

negative: Wolfgang Paul Wolfgang Paul (10 August 1913 – 7 December 1993) was a German physicist, who co-developed the non-magnetic quadrupole mass filter which laid the foundation for what is now called an ion trap. He shared one-half of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1989 for this work with Hans Georg Dehmelt; the other half of the Prize in that year was awarded to Norman Foster Ramsey, Jr.

negative: Daniel C. Tsui Daniel Chee Tsui (, born February 28, 1939, Henan Province, China) is a Chinese-born American physicist whose areas of research included electrical properties of thin films and microstructures of semiconductors and solid-state physics. He was previously the Arthur LeGrand Doty Professor of Electrical Engineering at Princeton University and adjunct senior research scientist in the Department of Physics at Columbia University, where he was a visiting professor from 2006 to 2008. Currently, he is a research professor at Boston University. In 1998, along with Horst L. Störmer of Columbia and Robert Laughlin of Stanford, Tsui was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his contributions to the discovery of the fractional quantum Hall effect.

negative: List of African Nobel laureates The Nobel Prize is an international prize awarded annually since 1901 for achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. An associated prize in Economic Sciences has been awarded since 1969. Nobel Prizes have been awarded to over 800 individuals.

negative: SPEAR SPEAR (originally Stanford Positron Electron Asymmetric Rings, now simply a name) was a collider at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. It began running in 1972, colliding electrons and positrons with an energy of . During the 1970s, experiments at the accelerator played a key role in particle physics research, including the discovery of the meson (awarded the 1976 Nobel Prize in physics), many charmonium states, and the discovery of the tau (awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in physics).

negative: Hannes Alfvén Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén (] ; 30 May 1908 – 2 April 1995) was a Swedish electrical engineer, plasma physicist and winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). He described the class of MHD waves now known as Alfvén waves. He was originally trained as an electrical power engineer and later moved to research and teaching in the fields of plasma physics and electrical engineering. Alfvén made many contributions to plasma physics, including theories describing the behavior of aurorae, the Van Allen radiation belts, the effect of magnetic storms on the Earth's magnetic field, the terrestrial magnetosphere, and the dynamics of plasmas in the Milky Way galaxy.

negative: List of Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin" ) is awarded annually by the Swedish Karolinska Institute to scientists and doctors in the various fields of physiology or medicine. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel (who died in 1896), awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. As dictated by Nobel's will, the award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and awarded by a committee that consists of five members and an executive secretary elected by the Karolinska Institute. While commonly referred to as the Nobel Prize in Medicine, Nobel specifically stated that the prize be awarded for "physiology or medicine" in his will. Because of this, the prize can be awarded in a broader range of fields. The first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded in 1901 to Emil Adolf von Behring, of Germany. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award that has varied throughout the years. In 1901, von Behring received 150,782 SEK, which is equal to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2008. In 2013, the prize was awarded to James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman and Thomas C. Südhof; they were recognised "after discovering how cells precisely transport material". The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death.

negative: Richtmyer Memorial Award The Richtmyer Memorial Award is an award for physics education, named for physicist Floyd K. Richtmyer and given annually by the American Association of Physics Teachers. Its recipients include over 15 Nobel Prize winners.

negative: List of Chinese Nobel laureates Since 1957, there have been eight Chinese (including Chinese born) winners of the Nobel Prize (Swedish: "Nobelpriset" ). The Nobel Prize is a Sweden-based international monetary prize. The award was established by the 1895 will and estate of Swedish chemist and inventor Alfred Nobel. It was first awarded in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace in 1901. An associated prize, The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was instituted by Sweden's central bank in 1968 and first awarded in 1969.

negative: List of black Nobel laureates The Nobel Prize is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. An associated prize in Economics has been awarded since 1969. Nobel Prizes have been awarded to 881 individuals, of whom 15 - 1.7% - were black recipients, although blacks comprise around 15% of the world's population.

negative: Charles K. Kao Sir Charles Kuen Kao, GBM, KBE, FRS, FREng (born 4 November 1933) is a Chinese-born Hong Kong, American and British electrical engineer and physicist who pioneered in the development and use of fiber optics in telecommunications. Kao, known as the ""Godfather of Broadband"", ""Father of Fiber Optics"" or ""Father of Fiber Optic Communications"", was jointly awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics for ""groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication"". Kao holds multiple citizenship of Hong Kong, the United Kingdom and the United States.

negative: List of Japanese Nobel laureates Since 1949, there have been twenty-five Japanese winners of the Nobel Prize (Swedish: "Nobelpriset" ). The Nobel Prize is a Sweden-based international monetary prize. The award was established by the 1895 will and estate of Swedish chemist and inventor Alfred Nobel. It was first awarded in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace in 1901. An associated prize, The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was instituted by Sweden's central bank in 1968 and first awarded in 1969.

negative: Manne Siegbahn Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn {'1': ", '2': ", '3': 'ForMemRS', '4': "} (3 December 1886 – 26 September 1978) was a Swedish physicist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1924 "for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy".

negative: Nobel Committee for Physics The Nobel Committee for Physics is the Nobel Committee responsible for proposing laureates for the Nobel Prize for Physics. The Nobel Committee for Physics is appointed by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. It usually consists of Swedish professors of physics who are members of the Academy, although the Academy in principle could appoint anyone to the Committee.

negative: Nobel Peace Prize The Nobel Peace Prize (Norwegian: " )" is one of the five Nobel Prizes created by the Swedish industrialist, inventor, and armaments manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine, and Literature. Since March 1901, it has been awarded annually (with some exceptions) to those who have "done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses".

negative: First Step to Nobel Prize in Physics The First Step to Nobel Prize in Physics is an annual international competition in research projects in physics. It originated and is based in Poland.

negative: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin" ), administered by the Nobel Foundation, is awarded once a year for outstanding discoveries in the fields of life sciences and medicine. It is one of five Nobel Prizes established in 1895 by Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, in his will. Nobel was personally interested in experimental physiology and wanted to establish a prize for progress through scientific discoveries in laboratories. The Nobel Prize is presented to the recipient(s) at an annual ceremony on 10 December, the anniversary of Nobel's death, along with a diploma and a certificate for the monetary award. The front side of the medal provides the same profile of Alfred Nobel as depicted on the medals for Physics, Chemistry, and Literature; its reverse side is unique to this medal.

negative: 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics The 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded in 2011. One half of it was awarded to Saul Perlmutter, head of the Supernova Cosmology Product at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and the other half was awarded to Brian P. Schmidt and Adam G. Riess, both leaders of the High-Z Supernova Team. Their prize was awarded "for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae."


query: What is Michael Nakasone job at the college prep school in Honolulu?

positive: Michael Nakasone Michael Nakasone is a band director, who was born in Hawaii, and was particularly noted for leading the Hawaii Youth Symphony, the Pearl City High School (Hawaii) Band, and the Royal Hawaiian Band. He currently teaches and conducts at Punahou School.

positive: Punahou School Punahou School (known as Oahu College until 1934) is a private, co-educational, college preparatory school located in Honolulu CDP, City and County of Honolulu in the U.S. State of Hawaii. 3,760 students attend the school from kindergarten through the twelfth grade.

negative: College Prep International College Prep International located in Montreal is an elementary and secondary level private school. The school was established in 1944 by Abraham Brodsky and Phillip Finkel as Prep School of Montreal and in 1993 changed its name to College Prep International.

negative: Pacific Buddhist Academy The Pacific Buddhist Academy is a private, co-educational college preparatory high school in Honolulu, Hawaii.

negative: University-preparatory school A university-preparatory school or college-preparatory school (shortened to preparatory school, prep school, or college prep) is a type of secondary school. The term can refer to public, private independent or parochial schools primarily designed to prepare students for higher education.

negative: Admiral Arthur W. Radford High School Admiral Arthur W. Radford High School, known as Radford High School, is a coeducational college preparatory public high school in the City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii.

negative: Hawaii Preparatory Academy Hawaii Preparatory Academy (also known as HPA) is a coeducational, boarding, independent school in Kamuela, Hawaiʻ i teaching kindergarten through the twelfth grade. Founded in 1949 by The Right Reverend Harry S. Kennedy, Episcopal Bishop of Honolulu, the school came of age under the leadership of James Monroe Taylor II, Headmaster from 1954-1974. Originally the school was located on the grounds of St. James Episcopal Church in Kamuela in buildings that were built as barracks for the United States Marines during World War II.

negative: Noble Street College Prep Noble Street College Prep (commonly known as the Original Campus) of the Noble Network of Charter Schools, is a public four-year charter high school located in the West Town in Chicago, Illinois. It is a part of the Noble Network of Charter Schools. Noble Street College Prep was founded by Michael and Tonya Milkie with the support of the Northwestern University Settlement Association in 1999 and is the original campus of Noble Network of Charter Schools. Noble Street College Prep serves grades nine through twelve

negative: St Michael's Prep School, Otford St Michael's Prep School is a coeducational preparatory school in Otford, located in a 90 acre site in the North Downs, Kent, England.

negative: Mark Nakashima Mark Nakashima (born March 27, 1963) is a Democratic member of the Hawaii House of Representatives. He was first elected in 2008, and represents the first district, including Hamakua, North Hilo, and South Hilo. After obtaining a bachelor's degree in education from the University of Hawaii at Manoa in 1988, he taught at Castle High School and Olomana School's Alder Street Detention Home before transferring back to his alma mater, Honokaa High & Intermediate School. From 1993 until his election to the state legislature, he worked for the Hawaii State Teachers Association, the state affiliate of the National Education Association.

negative: Hawaii Theological Seminary The Hawaii Theological Seminary (formerly known as the International College and Graduate School ) is a private, co-educational Christian college and seminary in Honolulu, Hawaii, United States.

negative: Loyola College Prep Loyola College Prep  is a private Catholic coeducational high school in Shreveport, Louisiana operated by the Diocese of Shreveport .

negative: Varsity International School Varsity International School is an independent, private co-educational high school in Honolulu, Hawaii. The school is nonsectarian.

negative: ʻIolani School ʻ Iolani School, located at 563 Kamoku Street in Honolulu, Hawaiʻ i, is a private coeducational college preparatory school serving over 1,800 students. Founded in 1863 by Father William R. Scott, it was the principal school of the former Anglican Church of Hawaiʻ i. It was patronized by Kamehameha IV and Queen Emma who gave the school its name in 1870. "ʻ Iolani" in the Hawaiian language means "heavenly hawk". Today, ʻ Iolani School is affiliated with the Episcopal Church in the United States. It is administered by a Board of Governors and is one of the largest independent schools in the United States.

negative: North Lawndale College Prep High School North Lawndale College Prep High School is a charter college preparatory high school in the North Lawndale community on the West Side of Chicago, Illinois.

negative: Tri-City College Prep High School Tri-City College Prep High School is a public charter high school in Prescott, Arizona.

negative: Hawaii Academy of Arts and Sciences The Hawaii Academy of Arts and Science (HAAS) is a charter school based in Pahoa, Hawaii. It was founded on June 21, 2001, and serves grades 7-12. The governing board chairperson is Michael Dodge, and the current principal is Steve Hirakami. The First day of classes was September 12, 2001; the original school day was scheduled for September Eleventh but was cancelled due to the September 11 attacks.

negative: Hawai'i Department of Education The Hawaiʻ i State Department of Education is the only statewide public education system in the United States. The school district can be thought of as analogous to the school districts of other cities and communities in the United States, but in some manners can also be thought of as analogous to the state education agencies of other states. As the official state education agency, the Hawaiʻ i State Department of Education oversees all 283 public schools and charter schools and over 13,000 teachers in the State of Hawaiʻ i. It serves approximately 185,000 students annually. The HIDOE is currently headed by Superintendent Kathryn Matayoshi (since 9/13/2010). The district is headquartered in the Queen Liliuokalani Building in Honolulu CDP, City and County of Honolulu on the island of Oahu.

negative: David Sole David Michael Barclay Sole (born 8 May 1962) is a former Scottish rugby union footballer. He was educated at Blairmore prep school and Glenalmond College, a private school in Perthshire.

negative: Honolulu Community College Honolulu Community College is a public, co-educational commuter college in Honolulu, Hawaiʻ i, United States.

negative: Cardinal Ritter College Prep High School Cardinal Ritter College Prep High School is a private, Roman Catholic high school in St. Louis, Missouri. It is located in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Louis.

negative: Bellarmine Prep Bellarmine Prep may refer to one of two Jesuit college preparatory schools:

negative: Roseland University Prep Roseland University Prep is a public college preparatory high school located in Santa Rosa, California, USA. It is a part of the Roseland Public Schools school district.

negative: Education Laboratory School Education Laboratory School is a charter school in Honolulu, Hawai‘i serving grades K-12. Prior to 2002, the school was known as the University Laboratory School (ULS) or University High School (when referring to grades 9 through 12) when it was a part of the College of Education at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. However, it is still known by its former name on its official website.

negative: Butler College Preparatory High School Butler College Prep (formerly known as Pullman College Prep) is a public four-year charter high school located in the Pullman neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois, USA. It is a part of the Noble Network of Charter Schools. It shares its campus with Corliss High School. Butler College Prep currently serves grades ninth through eleventh and will graduate its first class in 2017.

negative: Cohen College Prep High School Cohen College Prep High School is a New Orleans college prep high school serving 9th through 12th grade students in Uptown New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. It is named after Walter L. Cohen, a free man of color who became the Registrar of the U.S. Land Office.

negative: Lanakila Baptist High School Lanakila Baptist School, a ministry of Lanakila Baptist Church in Waipahu, Hawaii, is a college-preparatory private school located at 91-1219 Renton Road in 'Ewa Beach, Hawaii, 16 miles away from downtown Honolulu. It serves grades seven through twelve and has a current enrollment of about 70 students. The student population is ethnically diverse and includes Filipinos, Caucasians, part-Hawaiians, Japanese, Hispanics, Indo-Chinese, Chinese, Samoans, and African-Americans.

negative: 'Aiea High School Aiea High School is a public, co-educational college preparatory high school of the Hawaiʻ i State Department of Education and serves grades nine through twelve. Established in 1961, 'Aiea High School is located in the 'Aiea CDP in the City and County of Honolulu of the state of Hawaiʻ i. It is situated on a former sugar cane plantation overlooking Pearl Harbor at 98-1276 Ulune St. The campus boasts the sculpture "Early Spring" by Satoru Abe.

negative: St. Andrew's Priory School St. Andrew's Priory School is a private all-girls college preparatory school in Honolulu, Hawaii. Founded in 1867 by Queen Emma Kaleleonālani, wife of King Kamehameha IV, the school enrolls students in kindergarten through grade 12. The enrollment is 550, with a student-teacher ratio of 8 to 1. Today, the school is affiliated with the Episcopal Church (United States). It is administered by a Board of Trustees and is the oldest all-girls school in Hawai'i. More than half the faculty have advanced degrees and virtually 100% of graduates attend four-year colleges and universities across the country.

negative: Michael Kearney Michael Kevin Kearney (born January 18, 1984, in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA) is a former child prodigy known for setting several world records related to graduating at a young age, as well as teaching college while still a teenager. Additionally, as a game-show contestant, he has won over one million dollars.

negative: Hansberry College Prep Hansberry College Prep, formerly known as "Noble Auburn Gresham College Prep", is a public four-year charter high school located in the Auburn Gresham in Chicago, Illinois. It is a part of the Noble Network of Charter Schools. Hansberry College Prep opened its doors in 2012 as Noble Auburn Gresham College Prep in recognition of the neighborhood in which the school resides. In July 2013, the campus changed its name to Hansberry College Prep in honor of Lorraine Hansberry, an African-American writer and playwright who grew up on Chicago's south side and who worked to combat racial segregation in the 1950s and 1960s. Hansberry College Prep currently serves grades nine through twelve and will graduate its first class in 2016.

negative: Cathedral Preparatory School Cathedral Preparatory School (often referred to simply as Prep) is an all-male college prep school in Erie, Pennsylvania, run by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Erie and was established in 1921 by Archbishop John Mark Gannon. The school boasts a 98%-100% college acceptance rate among graduating classes.

negative: Southland College Preparatory Charter High School The Southland College Preparatory Charter High School (SCPHS; also known as Southland College Prep, Southland College Prep High School, or simply Southland) is a college-preparatory charter high school located at 4601 Sauk Trail, Richton Park, Illinois US.

negative: New Orleans College Prep New Orleans College Preparatory Academies or New Orleans College Prep (NOCP) is a charter school operator in New Orleans, Louisiana. It has its headquarters and its original campus in the former Sylvanie Williams Elementary School in Central City. The Cohen building is in Uptown.


query: Who is the film dedicated to that Paramount Classics and MTV Films co-purchased the rights to?

positive: Beneath (2007 film) Beneath is a straight-to-DVD thriller-horror film co-produced in a first time partnership between Paramount Classics (a Viacom subsidiary) and MTV Films (although both co-purchased the rights to "Hustle & Flow" in 2005). The film is directed by the newcomer Dagen Merrill, who co-wrote the script with Kevin Burke, and the list of producers include Sean Covel and Chris Wyatt ("Napoleon Dynamite", "Think Tank"), as well as Troy Craig Poon. In Paramount Classics's first horror movie, which marks the company's expansion from acquisitions into the production arena, the cast includes Nora Zehetner ("Brick", "May", "R.S.V.P.", "Everwood") and Matthew Settle ("U-571", "Band of Brothers"). Shooting started 2005 in Vancouver, the film was released on DVD August 7, 2007. It was the first direct-to-video title produced by MTV Films.

positive: Hustle & Flow Hustle & Flow is a 2005 American independent drama film written and directed by Craig Brewer and produced by John Singleton and Stephanie Allain. It was released on July 22, 2005. Terrence Howard stars as a Memphis hustler and pimp who faces his aspiration to become a rapper. The film is dedicated to Sun Records founder Sam Phillips.

negative: Hollywood (1923 film) Hollywood is a 1923 American silent comedy film directed by James Cruze, co-written by Frank Condon and Thomas J. Geraghty, and released by Paramount Pictures. The film is a lengthier feature follow-up to Paramount's own short film exposé of itself, "A Trip to Paramountown" from 1922.

negative: How She Move How She Move is a 2007 drama film directed by Ian Iqbal Rashid and starring Rutina Wesley, Clé Bennett and Romina D'Ugo. The film showcases the street culture of step dancing. The film is produced by Celluloid Dreams, Sienna Films, Paramount Vantage and MTV Films.

negative: Babylon (film) Babylon is a 1980 British film co-written by Martin Stellman (writer of "Quadrophenia") and Franco Rosso, who also directed it. Produced by Gavrik Losey and the National Film Finance Corporation, the film is regarded as a classic.

negative: Orange County (film) Orange County is a 2002 American comedy film starring Colin Hanks and Jack Black. It was released on January 11, 2002. The movie was distributed by Paramount Pictures and produced by MTV Films and Scott Rudin. The movie was directed by Jake Kasdan and written by Mike White.

negative: Paramount Film Exchange (Pittsburgh) Paramount Film Exchange is a building at 1727 Boulevard of the Allies in the Uptown or Bluff neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, designed in 1926 by R. E. Hall Co. architects from New York City. In 2010, the building was bought by arts-oriented local entrepreneurs who founded the Paramount Film Exchange (PFEX), Inc., to redevelop the then-abandoned building in a historically sensitive manner.

negative: Sunn Classic Pictures Sunn Classic Pictures, also known as Schick Sunn Classic Pictures is an independent U.S.-based film distributor, founded in 1971. The company was notable for family films and documentaries, and was purchased by Taft Broadcasting in 1980.

negative: The Valley of the Giants (1927 film) The Valley of the Giants is a 1927 silent film adventure directed by Charles Brabin and starring Milton Sills and Doris Kenyon who were real-life man and wife. It was based on a novel by Peter B. Kyne. First National produced and distributed the film having gained the screen rights to the story from Famous Players-Lasky and Paramount. Paramount had made a version of the novel in 1919 with Wallace Reid. A copy of this film survives at the UCLA Film and Television Archive. It is also listed as existing in an incomplete print at the Library of Congress.

negative: The Man I Love (1929 film) The Man I Love (1929) is a part-talking sound film from Paramount Pictures produced in parallel silent and sound versions. This film survives in a copy sold to television in the 1950s. The film stars Richard Arlen. Some sources refer to this as Arlen's first sound film, but he co-starred Nancy Carroll in Dorothy Arzner's "Manhattan Cocktail" (1928), another part-talking picture released by Paramount.

negative: Mutual Film Company Mutual Film Company is an American film production company based in Hollywood, California. The company was founded by film producers Mark Gordon and Gary Levinsohn in 1994 as Cloud Nine Entertainment. Mutual is a film financier that was involved in the co-production of feature films. Mutual notably co-produced and financed several feature films for Paramount Pictures and Universal Studios.

negative: College Humor (film) College Humor is a 1933 American pre-Code musical comedy film, directed by Wesley Ruggles, and starring Bing Crosby, Jack Oakie, Richard Arlen, Mary Kornman and Mary Carlisle. Based on a story by Dean Fales, the film is about a college professor and the school's star football player who become rivals for the same beautiful coed. Released by Paramount Pictures, the film co-stars George Burns and Gracie Allen.

negative: Artivist Film Festival & Awards The Artivist Film Festival & Awards is an international film festival and awards ceremony dedicated to recognizing activist efforts of filmmakers, specifically in the areas of human rights, child advocacy, environmental preservation, and animal rights.

negative: The Son of Captain Blood The Son of Captain Blood is a 1962 Italian/Spanish/US international co-production film. It is the first starring role in a film for Sean Flynn, the son of Errol Flynn, who played the title character in the 1935 film "Captain Blood". The film was released in Great Britain in 1963 by Warner-Pathe (in some regions on a double bill with Hammer's "The Scarlet Blade"). Paramount Pictures released the film in the US in 1964 on a double bill with the Jerry Lewis film "The Patsy".

negative: Educated Fish Educated Fish is a 1937 animated short film that was part of Paramount's Color Classics series. It was nominated for Best Animated Short at the 10th Academy Awards.

negative: Righting Wrongs Righting Wrongs (, aka Above the Law) is a 1986 Hong Kong action film directed by Corey Yuen, who also co-stars. The film stars Yuen Biao and Cynthia Rothrock. This is the one of Yuen Biao's better known films that he made without film industry compatriots Sammo Hung and Jackie Chan.

negative: By Right of Purchase By Right of Purchase is a 1918 American silent drama film starring Norma Talmadge in a story produced by her husband Joseph Schenck. The film was distributed by Lewis J. Selznick's Select Pictures Company. An up-and-coming actress and soon to be gossip columnist, Hedda Hopper, has a small role in this picture.

negative: Every Day's a Holiday (1937 film) Every Day's a Holiday (1937) is a comedy film starring and co-written by Mae West, directed by A. Edward Sutherland, and released by Paramount Pictures. The film, released on December 18, 1937, also starred Edmund Lowe, Charles Winninger, and Charles Butterworth. This was West's last film under her Paramount contract, after which she went on to make "My Little Chickadee" (1940) for Universal Pictures and "The Heat's On" (1943) for Columbia Pictures.

negative: The Family Jewels (film) The Family Jewels is a 1965 American comedy film. It was filmed from January 18-April 2, 1965 and was released by Paramount Pictures on July 1, 1965. The film was co-written, directed, and produced by Jerry Lewis who also played seven roles in the film. Lewis' co-star, Donna Butterworth, made only one other film, "Paradise, Hawaiian Style", with Elvis Presley. Gary Lewis & The Playboys have a cameo, singing their song "Little Miss Go-Go"; their hit song "This Diamond Ring" is also featured.

negative: Boots (film) Boots is a lost 1919 American silent comedy film directed by Elmer Clifton and starring Dorothy Gish. It was produced by D. W. Griffith, his New Art Film Co., and distributed through Famous Players-Lasky and Paramount Pictures.

negative: MTV Video Music Award Japan for Best Video from a Film MTV Video Music Award Japan for Best Video from a Film

negative: The Money Pit The Money Pit is a 1986 American comedy film directed by Richard Benjamin starring Tom Hanks and Shelley Long as a couple who attempt to renovate a recently purchased house. It was filmed in New York City and Lattingtown, New York, and was co-executive produced by Steven Spielberg.

negative: The Court Jester The Court Jester is a 1956 musical-comedy film starring Danny Kaye, Glynis Johns, Basil Rathbone, Angela Lansbury and Cecil Parker. The movie was co-written, co-directed, and co-produced by Melvin Frank and Norman Panama. The film was released by Paramount Pictures in Technicolor and in the VistaVision widescreen format.

negative: Asylum (2005 film) Asylum is a 2005 Anglo-Irish drama film directed by David Mackenzie and made by Mace Neufeld Productions, Samson Films, Seven Arts Productions, Zephyr Films Ltd and released by Paramount Classics. It is based on the novel "Asylum" by Patrick McGrath and was adapted for the screen by Patrick Marber and Chrysanthy Balis.

negative: The Right Direction The Right Direction is a 1916 American comedy silent film directed by E. Mason Hopper, written by Julia Crawford Ivers, and starring Vivian Martin, Colin Chase, Herbert Standing, Alfred Hollingsworth, Billy Mason and Baby Jack White. The film was released on December 21, 1916, by Paramount Pictures.

negative: Norbit Norbit is a 2007 American romantic comedy film directed by Brian Robbins, and co-written, co-produced, and starring Eddie Murphy. The film co-stars Charlie Murphy, Thandie Newton, Terry Crews, Eddie Griffin, Katt Williams, Marlon Wayans and Cuba Gooding Jr. It was released by DreamWorks and Paramount Pictures on February 9, 2007.

negative: Clean Films Clean Films was a company in the United States that edited the content of DVDs to remove profanity, nudity, violence, crude language, and other unwanted content. They purchased original copies of DVDs for every edited one they produced. They created a "co-operative rental club" so that others could joint-own the original copies of the DVDs the co-operative purchased.

negative: Flight to Tangier Flight to Tangier is a 1953 film noir action film, directed by Charles Marquis Warren. It was released by Paramount Pictures in Technicolor and 3-D. This film also appeared in "No Country for Old Men" (2007). Like "Flight to Tangier", it was distributed by Paramount Pictures's subsidiary Paramount Vantage (except in the United States, where it was distributed by Disney's subsidiary Miramax Films).

negative: David Guggenheim David Guggenheim is an American screenwriter, producer, and novelist, best known for writing the 2012 films "Safe House" and "Stolen", as well as creating and writing for the 2016 television series "Designated Survivor". In 2013, the film rights to a suspense novel published by Little, Brown and Company that Guggenheim co-wrote with Nicholas Mennuti entitled "Weaponized", were purchased by Bluegrass Films and Guggenheim was attached as screenwriter. He also worked on the screenplays for the upcoming films "Bad Boys for Life", "Uncharted," and "Narco Sub".

negative: Daughter of the Dragon Daughter of the Dragon is a 1931 American Pre-Code film directed by Lloyd Corrigan, released by Paramount Pictures, and starring Anna May Wong as Princess Ling Moy, Sessue Hayakawa as Ah Kee, and Warner Oland as Dr. Fu Manchu (for his third and final feature appearance in the role, excluding a gag cameo in "Paramount on Parade"). The film was made to capitalize on Sax Rohmer's then current book, "The Daughter of Fu Manchu", to which Paramount did not own the rights to adapt.

negative: Queer Duck: The Movie Queer Duck: The Movie, is a direct-to-DVD film based on the popular web series Queer Duck produced by Icebox.com for Mishmash Media, Inc. The film first aired on the gay-themed channel Logo in July 16, 2006, then it was released on DVD July 18, 2006. Paramount and Viacom now own the rights to the film. It was available for free to The Paramount Vault YouTube channel from April 3, 2015 to early 2017.

negative: Bangkok Dangerous (2008 film) Bangkok Dangerous is a 2008 crime thriller film written and directed by the Pang Brothers, and starring Nicolas Cage. It is a remake of the Pangs' 1999 debut "Bangkok Dangerous", a Thai film, for which Cage's production company, Saturn Films, purchased the remake rights.

negative: On a Tightrope On a Tightrope (2007) is an award-winning documentary film by Petr Lom, co-produced by Piraya Film and Lom Films, in cooperation with the Rafto Foundation for Human Rights.

negative: The Film Foundation The Film Foundation is a US-based non-profit organization dedicated to film preservation and the exhibition of restored and classic cinema. It was founded by director Martin Scorsese and several other leading filmmakers in 1990. The foundation raises funds and awareness for film preservation projects and creates educational programs about film.


query: What region of Italy was Giorgio Pini born in?

positive: Giorgio Pini Giorgio Pini (1 February 1899, in Bologna – 30 March 1987, in Rome) was an Italian politician and journalist.

positive: Bologna Bologna ( ; ] ; Emilian: "Bulåggna" , ] ; ) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna Region in Northern Italy. It is the seventh most populous city in Italy, located in the heart of a metropolitan area (officially recognised by the Italian government as a "città metropolitana") of about one million.

negative: Ermenegildo Pini Ermenegildo Pini (1739–1825) was an Italian clergyman, naturalist, mathematician, geologist and philosopher. He belonged to the Barnabite Order and worked mainly in northern Italy. He attempted to examine scientific ideas on geological phenomena and fossils and show them as being consistent with the framework of Biblical Genesis.

negative: San Giorgio Canavese San Giorgio Canavese is a town and "comune" in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the region of Piedmont, northern Italy.

negative: Napoleone Pini Napoleone Pini (1835, Milan - 22 March 1907, Milan) was an Italian zoologist and palaeontologist.

negative: Pino Torinese Pino Torinese is a "comune" (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 6 km southeast of Turin.

negative: Amphimallon pini Amphimallon pini is a species of beetle in the Melolonthinae subfamily that can be found in France Italy, and Spain.

negative: San Giorgio Albanese San Giorgio Albanese (Arbëresh language: "Mbuzat") is a town and "comune" in the province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy.

negative: Pinasca Pinasca is a "comune" (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 40 km southwest of Turin in the Val Chisone.

negative: Pino d'Asti Pino d'Asti is a "comune" (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 20 km east of Turin and about 25 km northwest of Asti.

negative: San Giorgio Ionico San Giorgio Ionico is a town and "comune" in the province of Taranto, in the northern Salento, part of the Apulia region of southeast Italy.

negative: Pino sulla Sponda del Lago Maggiore Pino sulla Sponda del Lago Maggiore is a village and "comune" (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 110 km northwest of Milan and about 70 km northwest of Varese, on the border with Switzerland.

negative: Carolina Pini Carolina Pini (born June 13, 1988 in Florence, Italy) is an Italian soccer player who most recently played as a midfielder for ASDCF Bardolino and the Italian national team.

negative: Pincara Pincara is a "comune" (municipality) in the Province of Rovigo in the Italian region Veneto, located about 70 km southwest of Venice and about 15 km southwest of Rovigo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,298 and an area of 17.8 km2 .

negative: Castel San Giorgio Castel San Giorgio is a town and "comune" in the province of Salerno in the Campania region of south-western Italy. In 2011, it had a population of 13,411.

negative: Pino Romualdi Giuseppe "Pino" Romualdi' (24 July 1913, Predappio – 21 May 1988, Rome) was an Italian right-wing politician who served both the "Partito Fascista Repubblicano" (PFR) and the "Movimento Sociale Italiano" (MSI). He was the subject of frequent rumours that he was the biological son of Benito Mussolini although no proof has been given. Romualdi himself, who was from the same village as Mussolini, encouraged the rumour.

negative: San Giorgio, Carpeneto San Giorgio is a Baroque-style Roman Catholic parish church in the town of Carpeneto, province of Alessandria, region of Piedmont, Italy.

negative: Domenico Pino Domenico ("Dominique") Pino (Milano, 8 September 1760 – Cernobbio, 29 March 1826) was an Italian soldier. He served as General of Division in the Kingdom of Italy and in Napoleon's Grande Armée.

negative: San Giorgio, Campobasso San Giorgio is an ancient, Romanesque architecture style, Roman Catholic church in the hill-town of Campobasso, in the province of the same name, Region of Molise, Italy.

negative: San Giorgio, Brescia San Giorgio is a Roman Catholic church located on the Piazza of the same name, just outside Porta Bruciata, in Brescia, region of Lombardy, Italy.

negative: Giorgio Nadali Giorgio Nadali (born March 15, 1962 in Milan, Italy) is an Italian writer and journalist.

negative: Pinzano al Tagliamento Pinzano al Tagliamento is a "comune" (municipality) in the Province of Pordenone in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 90 km northwest of Trieste and about 35 km northeast of Pordenone.

negative: Tiziana Pini Tiziana Pini (born 13 August 1958) is an Italian actress and television personality.

negative: Paolo Pino Paolo Pino (1534–1565) was an Italian painter and art writer. He was born in Venice. A student of Giovanni Gerolamo Savoldo, he wrote the "Dialogo di pittura" (1548), which affirmed the supremacy of the Venetian School over the Florentine School and anticipated some aspects of the Mannerist style.

negative: Carlo Maria Pintacuda Carlo Maria Pintacuda (18 September 1900 – 8 March 1971) was a motor-racing driver from Italy.

negative: Porto San Giorgio Porto San Giorgio is a "comune" (town or municipality) in the Province of Fermo, in the Marche region of Italy. It has approximately 16,500 inhabitants and it is located on the coast of the Adriatic Sea.

negative: San Giorgio al Palazzo San Giorgio al Palazzo is a baroque-style, Roman Catholic church in central Milan, region of Lombardy, Italy.

negative: Giorgio Schiavone Giorgio Schiavone, or Juraj Ćulinović (Skradin, 1433 or 1436 – Šibenik, 1504), was a Croatian born painter, active in Italy and Dalmatia.

negative: San Giorgio, Casalbuttano San Giorgio is a late-Renaissance-style, Roman Catholic parish church located in Casalbuttano, Province of Cremona, region of Lombardy, Italy.

negative: Pinzolo Pinzolo (German: "Pinzol" ) is a small town and "comune" situated in Val Rendena in Trentino in the northern Italian Alps at an elevation of 800 m . The Church of Saint Vigilius of Trent stands in the town.

negative: Pino, Haute-Corse Pino is a commune in the Haute-Corse department of France on the island of Corsica.

negative: Pino Zac Giuseppe Zaccaria (23 April 1930 – 25 August 1985), best known as Pino Zac, was an Italian illustrator, cartoonist and animator.

negative: Poli, Lazio Poli is a town and "comune" in Lazio, central Italy. It is located in the Monti Prenestini area. It is also the birthplace of Pope Innocent XIII and Cardinal Agostino Vallini.

negative: Giorgio Damilano Giorgio Damilano (born 6 April 1957 in Scarnafigi, Italy) is an Italian former race walker.


query: Which athlete was an American tennis player: Henri Kontinen or Melanie Oudin?

positive: Henri Kontinen Henri Kontinen (] ; born 19 June 1990) is a Finnish tennis player.

positive: Melanie Oudin Melanie Oudin (born September 23, 1991) is a former American tennis player and former world junior No. 2. She was a member of the American Fed Cup team from 2009 to 2011 and winner of the 2011 US Open mixed doubles title, with fellow American player Jack Sock.

negative: Micke Kontinen Micke Kontinen (born 18 December 1992) is a Finnish tennis player. He is the younger brother of Henri Kontinen who is also a tennis player.

negative: Melanie Skotnik Melanie Skotnik (formerly Melfort; born 8 November 1982 in Hersbruck, West Germany) is a French-German high jumper. She holds both German and French citizenship through her parentage and represented Germany until 2004. She retired in June 2016.

negative: Josselin Ouanna Josselin Ouanna (born April 14, 1986) is a retired French tennis player.

negative: 2013 Aegon Classic – Singles Melanie Oudin was the defending champion, but lost in the first round to Ajla Tomljanović.<br>

negative: Henri Cochet Henri Jean Cochet (] ; 14 December 1901 – 1 April 1987) was a French tennis player. He was a world No. 1 ranked player, and a member of the famous "Four Musketeers" from France who dominated tennis in the late 1920s and early 1930s.

negative: Iva Majoli Iva Majoli Marić (Iva Majoli) (born 12 August 1977) is a former professional tennis player from Croatia. She upset Martina Hingis to win the women's singles title at the French Open in 1997. Majoli also won seven other singles titles and one doubles title during her career. She reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 4 in February 1996.

negative: Melanie Klaffner Melanie Klaffner (born 22 May 1990 in Waidhofen an der Ybbs) is an Austrian tennis player.

negative: 2012 Aegon Classic The 2012 Aegon Classic was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the 31st edition of the event. It took place at the Edgbaston Priory Club in Birmingham, England, United Kingdom, scheduled between 11 and 17 June 2012. Melanie Oudin won the singles title.

negative: Melanie Stokke Melanie Stokke (born 1 October 1996) is a Norwegian tennis player.

negative: 2017 Aegon Surbiton Trophy – Women's Doubles Sanaz Marand and Melanie Oudin were the defending champions, but both players chose not to participate.

negative: Félix Poulin A. Félix Poulin (] ) was a French tennis player who was active during the beginning of the 20th century.

negative: Victoria Muntean Victoria Muntean (born 23 January 1997) is a French tennis player.

negative: Kildine Chevalier Kildine Chevalier (born 30 June 1980) is a retired French professional female tennis player.

negative: Athletic DNA Athletic DNA (ADNA) is an American sports apparel company. Founded in Seattle in 2007, ADNA began by training young tennis athletes, which evolved into sponsoring Select Junior Tennis players, and then expanded to manufacturing clothing for youth and adult tennis players. ADNA has since spread to professional tennis, and currently sponsors players on the ATP Tour & WTA Tour.

negative: 2014 Red Rock Pro Open – Singles Melanie Oudin was the defending champion, having won the event in 2013, but lost in the second round to Jennifer Brady.

negative: 2016 Stockton Challenger – Doubles Jamie Loeb and Sanaz Marand were the defending champions, but both players chose to compete with different partners. Loeb partnered Catherine Bellis, but lost in the first round. Marand partnered Melanie Oudin, but lost in the quarterfinals.

negative: Henriette Koulla Henriette Koulla (born (1992--)14 1992 ) is a Cameroonian female volleyball player. She is a member of the Cameroon women's national volleyball team and played for INJS Yaoundé in 2014. She was part of the Cameroonian national team at the 2014 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship in Italy.

negative: Iryna Brémond Iryna Brémond (née Kuryanovich) (Belarusian: Ірына Брэмон (Кур'яновіч) ; Russian: Ирина Бремон (Курьянович) ; born 5 October 1984) is a professional French tennis player.

negative: Marie Benoît Marie Benoît (born 16 March 1995) is a Belgian professional tennis player.

negative: Nicolas Thomann Nicolas Thomann (born 29 November 1972) is a former professional tennis player from France.

negative: Henri Laaksonen Henri Joona Julius Laaksonen (] , ] ; born 31 March 1992) is a Swiss-Finnish tennis player. His highest ranking is world No. 93, which he achieved in August 2017. He is coached by Olli Leppänen.

negative: Audrey Albié Audrey Albié (born 24 October 1994) is a French tennis player.

negative: 2014 Tampere Open – Men's Doubles Henri Kontinen and Goran Tošić were the defending champions, but both players chose not to defend their title.

negative: André Gobert André Henri Gobert (30 September 1890 – 6 December 1951) was a male tennis player from France. Gobert is a double Olympic tennis champion of 1912. At the Stockholm Games he won both the men's singles and doubles indoor Gold medals.

negative: 2013 Internationaux de Tennis de Vendée – Doubles Fabrice Martin and Hugo Nys won the title over Henri Kontinen and Adrián Menéndez-Maceiras 3-6, 6-3, [10-8]

negative: Henry Culley Henry M. Culley was an American tennis player active in the 1930s.

negative: Christopher Rungkat Christopher Benjamin Rungkat (born 14 January 1990) is an Indonesian tennis player. He is the grandson of "Famous" Benny Rungkat, former chairman of the Indonesian Air Carriers Association. Christopher's father, Michael Alexander Fritz Rungkat, is of Dutch and Indonesian descent and his mother, Elfia Mirlianti, is full Indonesian descent. In 2008, he won the final stage of French Open 2008 Boys' Doubles Juniors category with Finnish tennis player Henri Kontinen. He is the youngest ever Indonesian to be the All Indonesian Champion, and by the end of his junior career,he was awarded for Indonesian best promising athlete 2008.

negative: Maxime Huard Maxime Huard (born 25 January 1976) is a former professional tennis player from France.

negative: 2011 US Open – Mixed Doubles Liezel Huber and Bob Bryan were the defending champions, but they lost to teenage compatriots Melanie Oudin and Jack Sock in the second round.

negative: Manny Oudin Emmanuel "Manny" Oudin (born March 20, 1968 in France) is the former head soccer coach of the Lehigh University women's soccer team. Oudin finished his career at Lehigh after six seasons ending in 2009. He previously had an extensive playing and coaching career both at the collegiate and professional levels. He played as a defender both indoors and out, winning the 1995 National Professional Soccer League with the Cleveland Crunch. He also coached at the high school, college and professional levels before becoming head coach at Lehigh.

negative: Ody Koopman Henri Lodewijk George "Ody" Koopman (19 July 1902 – 1949) was a Dutch tennis player.

negative: Sylvie Jung Henrotin Sylvie Jung Henrotin ("née" Jung; ] ] ;10 July 1904 - 15 December 1970) was a French female tennis player who was active during the late 1920 and the 1930s. She had her best results in the doubles event, finishing runner-up in seven Grand Slam doubles and mixed doubles competitions.


query: which  Indian businessman and politician owns Mabula Game Reserve

positive: Mabula Game Reserve Mabula Game Reserve is a private game reserve situated in the Limpopo province of South Africa. It is about 12000 ha in area and is about 47 km from Bela Bela (Warmbaths). The current owner of Mabula Game Reserve is the Indian businessman and liquor baron Vijay Mallya.

positive: Vijay Mallya Vijay Vittal Mallya (born 18 December 1955) is an Indian businessman and politician who is the subject of an extradition effort to try to force his return from the U.K. to India to face charges of financial crimes. The son of businessman Vittal Mallya, he is the ex-chairman of United Spirits Ltd, the largest spirits company in India and continues to serve as Chairman of United Breweries Group, an Indian conglomerate with interests in beverage alcohol, aviation infrastructure, real estate and fertiliser among others. He has been the Chairman of Sanofi India (previously known as Hoechst AG and Aventis) as well as the Chairman of Bayer CropScience in India for over 20 years, in addition to being the Chairman of several other companies.

negative: Mama Natung Mama Natung is an Indian businessman and politician.

negative: Angeline Mabula Angeline Mabula (born 6 May 1962) is a Tanzanian politician belonging to the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party. She is the current Deputy Minister of lands and human settlement development. She is a Member of Parliament for Ilemela.

negative: Ambrose Fernando Ambrose Fernando (1912 – 11 January 1999) was an Indian businessman and politician.

negative: Njabulo Mabuza Njabulo Mabuza is a Swazi businessman and politician. He is the member of parliament for Khubuta inkhundla for the term from 2013 until 2018. He was the Minister for Health and Social Welfare and MP for Khubuta constituency for two terms before being replaced by Charles Myeza.

negative: Bulaimu Muwanga Kibirige Bulaimu Muwanga Kibirige, commonly known as BMK, is a Ugandan businessman, entrepreneur, and hotel owner. According to a 2012 published report, he was one of the wealthiest people in Uganda.

negative: Mukesh Shukla Mukesh Shukla, commonly referred to as Mukesh, is a businessman, entrepreneur, and politician in Uganda. He was reported in 2012 to be one of the wealthiest individuals in Uganda.

negative: Tukiya Kankasa-Mabula Tukiya Kankasa-Mabula, sometimes Tukiya Kankasa Mabula, is a Zambian lawyer, educator, administrator and gender issues advocate. She currently serves as the deputy governor, administration at the Bank of Zambia (BoZ), the country's central bank and national banking regulator. She was appointed to that position in 2007, by Levy Mwanawasa, the president of Zambia at that time, replacing Felix Mfula, who retired.

negative: R v Mabula R v Mabula is an important case in South African law. It was heard in the Appellate Division in Bloemfontein in October 1926. The judges were Innes CJ, De Villiers JA, Kotz JA, Wessels JA and Gardiner AJA.

negative: Vinod Patel Vinod Patel is a Fiji Indian businessman, soccer administrator and politician. He is the Chairman of Vinod Patel and Company Limited which owns a chain of hardware shops throughout Fiji.

negative: Limpopo-Lipadi Game and Wilderness Reserve The "'Limpopo-Lipadi Game and Wilderness Reserve'" is a large, privately owned game reserve in Botswana which sells shares of that reserve to the public.

negative: V. R. M. Letchumanan Chettiar V.Rm. Letchumanan Chettiar (1897–1950) was an Indian businessman and politician from Ceylon.

negative: Mattaponi The Mattaponi ( ) tribe is one of only two Virginia Indian tribes in the Commonwealth of Virginia that owns reservation land. The larger Mattaponi Indian Tribe lives in King William County on the reservation, which stretches along the borders of the Mattaponi River, near West Point, Virginia.

negative: Touchstone Game Reserve Touchstone Game Reserve is a privately owned 100,000 Hectare game farm that is situated in the north-western section of the Waterberg Biosphere Reserve in the Limpopo province of South Africa.

negative: William Mabane, 1st Baron Mabane William Mabane, 1st Baron Mabane (12 January 1895 – 16 November 1969), known as Sir William Mabane between 1954 and 1962, was a British businessman and Liberal/National Liberal politician.

negative: R v Jim R. v. Jim (1915) 26 C.C.C. 236, was a decision by the British Columbia Supreme Court on Aboriginal ("Indian") hunting and provincial game laws. The Court found that Aboriginal hunting on Indian reserves is primarily federal jurisdiction, relating to section 91(24) of the British North America Act, 1867 which assigns "Indians, and Lands reserved for the Indians" to the federal government.

negative: Isaac Mulindwa Isaac Mulindwa is a businessman and former politician in Uganda. He is the founder and owner of Makinawa Motors Limited, an automobile dealership based in the Kololo neighborhood in Uganda's capital, Kampala.

negative: Rowson's Reserve Rowson's Reserve is a brand of Indian whisky, owned by Diageo, and launched on 3 October 2011. It is a blend of Indian grain whisky and aged Scotch whisky.

negative: Umbabat Game Reserve Umbabat Game Reserve, Next door to the Kruger Park, and also bordered by the Timbavati Game Reserve, and the Klaserie Game Reserve. In turn several smaller game reserves make up the Umbabat, and together with the reserves that make up the Timbavati, the Klaserie and the Balule they collectively form the Associated Private Nature Reserves, (who collectively own 180.000 Ha of land, without fences).

negative: Santa Ysabel Casino Santa Ysabel Resort & Casino was an Indian owned and operated casino located on the Santa Ysabel Indian Reservation in Santa Ysabel, California. It was owned and operated by Santa Ysabel Band of Diegueño Indians.

negative: Ananda Millangoda Ananda Millangoda (Sinhalese: ආනන්ද මිල්ලන්ගොඩ ) is a famous elephant owner and a politician in Sri Lanka. He was born on 25 September 1952 at Millangoda Village in Kegalle District. He and his father owned the world famous tusker, Millangoda Raja together with many more elephants. Currently he is the chief organizer of Kegalle electorate of Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP). He is also serving as a member of provincial council of Sabaragamuwa.

negative: Khulubuse Zuma Clive Khulubuse Zuma is a South African businessman, and the nephew of the President, Jacob Zuma.

negative: Leo Fernando Sir Leo Fernando, CBE (18 November 1895 - 30 November 1954) was a Ceylonese businessman and politician. He was a Member of Parliament for the Buttala Electoral District.

negative: Tsinstikeptum Indian Reserve No. 10 Tsinstikeptum 10, usually referred to as Tsinstikeptum Indian Reserve No. 10, is one of two Indian Reserves of the Westbank First Nation located in West Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada. It and Tsinstikeptum Indian Reserve No. 9 are jointly normally referred to as the Westbank Indian Reserve. Tsinstikeptum Indian Reserve No. 10, which is 339 ha. in area, is located opposite the City of Kelowna proper, across Okanagan Lake.

negative: Tswalu Kalahari Reserve The Tswalu Kalahari Reserve is a privately owned game reserve in the Northern Cape, South Africa. It is South Africa’s largest private game reserve, covering an area of over 100,000 hectares.

negative: Amir Bhatia, Baron Bhatia Amirali Alibhai "Amir" Bhatia, Baron Bhatia, OBE (b. 18 March 1932) is a British businessman and politician.

negative: Geoffrey Bwalya Mwamba Geoffrey Bwalya Mwamba (born 15 March 1959) is a Zambian businessman and politician who is currently vice president of the United Party for National Development (UPND) and Member of Parliament for Kasama District in the Northern Province of Zambia. Under the Patriotic Front government of President Michael Sata, he served as Minister of Defence from 2011 to 2013.

negative: Muthappa Rai Nettala Muthappa Rai (known as Muthappa Rai) is an Indian businessman, philanthropist, and currently a social activist based in Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

negative: Sello Rasethaba Sello Mashao Rasethaba was born in Musina (then Messina) on 19 February 1958 in Limpopo) is a South African businessman and politician.

negative: Sanjeev Bikhchandani Sanjeev Bikhchandani (born 1963) is an Indian businessman, who is the founder and executive vice chairman of Info Edge (India) which owns Naukri.com, a job portal.

negative: Hlumelo Biko Hlumelo Biko (born January 1978, in King William's Town, Eastern Cape, South Africa) is a South African businessman and investment banker. He is the son of Steve Biko and Mamphela Ramphele.

negative: Semiahmoo Indian Reserve The Semiahmoo Indian Reserve ( ) is a 129.1-hectare Indian Reserve in the Lower Mainland, British Columbia, located on Semiahmoo Bay between the City of White Rock and Peace Arch Park, which sits astride the international boundary with Washington state.

negative: Mbuluzi Game Reserve Mbuluzi Game Reserve is a privately owned reserve in Swaziland, within the Lubombo Conservancy. There are 3 lodges privately situated on the Mlawula River, and a campsite, situated above some rapids in the Mbuluzi River.


query: Which was fought earlier in our nation's history, the Seven Days Battles or the Battle of Manila?

positive: Seven Days Battles The Seven Days Battles were a series of six major battles over the seven days from June 25 to July 1, 1862, near Richmond, Virginia, during the American Civil War. Confederate General Robert E. Lee drove the invading Union Army of the Potomac, commanded by Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, away from Richmond and into a retreat down the Virginia Peninsula. The series of battles is sometimes known erroneously as the Seven Days Campaign, but it was actually the culmination of the Peninsula Campaign, not a separate campaign in its own right.

positive: Battle of Manila (1945) The Battle of Manila (February 3, 1945 – March 3, 1945) was a major battle of the Philippine campaign of 1944-45, during the Second World War. It was fought by American and Filipino forces against Japanese troops in Manila, the capital city of the Philippines. The month-long battle, which resulted in the death of over 100,000 civilians and the complete devastation of the city, was the scene of the worst urban fighting in the Pacific theater. Japanese forces committed mass murder against Filipino civilians during the battle. Along with massive loss of life, the battle also destroyed architectural and cultural heritage dating back to the city's foundation. The battle ended the almost three years of Japanese military occupation in the Philippines (1942–1945). The city's capture was marked as General Douglas MacArthur's key to victory in the campaign of reconquest.

negative: Battle of Pasewalk The Battle of Pasewalk was a battle at Pasewalk of the Seven Years' War between Swedish and Prussian forces fought on October 3, 1760.

negative: Seven Days Union order of battle The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Seven Days Battles (from June 25 to July 1, 1862) of the American Civil War. Order of battle compiled from the army organization-return of casualties during the battle and the reports. The Confederate order of battle is listed separately.

negative: Battle of West Point The Battle of West Point was fought on April 16, 1865 in West Point, Georgia, during General James H. Wilson's raid in the South during the American Civil War. This battle was fought at Fort Tyler seven days after Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant and two days after the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln, making it one of the last battles of the Civil War east of the Mississippi River and making Fort Tyler the last Confederate fort captured by the Union. The same day, just 30 miles to the south, the Battle of Columbus, Georgia, was fought by another division of Wilson's raiders. News of the surrender of Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia reached the opposing forces in Georgia the day after the battle effectively ending the war east of the Mississippi River.

negative: Battle of Zhuolu The Battle of Zhuolu () was the second battle in the history of China as recorded in the "Records of the Grand Historian", fought between the Yanhuang tribes led by the legendary Yellow Emperor and the Jiuli tribes led by Chiyou. The battle was fought in Zhuolu, near the present-day border of Hebei and Liaoning.

negative: Spanish cruiser Velasco Velasco was a "Velasco"-class unprotected cruiser of the Spanish Navy which fought in the Battle of Manila Bay during the Spanish–American War.

negative: Battle of Signal Hill The Battle of Signal Hill was fought on September 15, 1762, and was the last battle of the North American theatre of the Seven Years' War. The British under Lieutenant Colonel William Amherst forced the French to surrender St. John's, which they had seized earlier that year in a surprise attack.

negative: Battle of Imus The Battle of Imus, or the Siege of Imus, was the first Major battle of the Philippine revolution against the Spanish colonial government in the province of Cavite. It was fought between September 1–3, 1896 at Imus, Cavite province in the Philippines, right after Bonifacio’s ill-fated attack on the gunpowder magazine at the Battle of San Juan del Monte in Manila.

negative: Spanish cruiser Isla de Luzón Isla de Luzón was an "Isla de Luzón"-class protected cruiser of the Spanish Navy which fought in the Battle of Manila Bay.

negative: Spanish cruiser Reina Cristina Reina Cristina was an "Alfonso XII"-class unprotected cruiser of the Spanish Navy which fought in the Battle of Manila Bay.

negative: Four Days' Battle The Four Days' Battle was a naval battle of the Second Anglo–Dutch War. Fought from 1 June to 4 June 1666 in the Julian or Old Style calendar then used in England (11 June to 14 June New Style) off the Flemish and English coast, it remains one of the longest naval engagements in history.

negative: Seven Pines Confederate order of battle The following Confederate States Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of Seven Pines of the American Civil War. The Union order of battle is shown separately.

negative: Battle of Moys The Battle of Moys was a battle fought on 7 September 1757 during the Third Silesian War (part of the Seven Years' War).

negative: Battle of Łódź In the history of warfare there were two battles fought in the vicinity of the city of Łódź:

negative: Philippines Campaign (1944–1945) The Philippines campaign, the Battle of the Philippines or the Liberation of the Philippines (Filipino: "Kampanya ng Pilipinas", "Labanan sa Pilipinas" & Liberasyon "sa Pilipinas"), (Operation Musketeer I, II, and III) (Filipino: Operasyon "Mosketero I", "II", "at" "III"), was the American and Filipino campaign to defeat and expel the Imperial Japanese forces occupying the Philippines during World War II. The Japanese Army overran all of the Philippines during the first half of 1942. The liberation of the Philippines commenced with amphibious landings on the eastern Philippine island of Leyte on October 20, 1944. United States and Philippine Commonwealth military forces were progressing in liberating territory and islands when the Japanese forces in the Philippines were ordered to surrender by Tokyo on August 15, 1945, after the dropping of the atomic bombs on mainland Japan and the Soviet invasion of Manchuria.

negative: Battle of Fehrbellin (1758) The Battle of Fehrbellin was a battle at Fehrbellin of the Seven Years' War between Swedish and Prussian forces fought on 28 September 1758.

negative: Battle of Manila (1500) The Battle of Manilla (1500s) was fought in Manila between forcess of the Kingdom of Tondo led by their Senapati, Lakan Sukwo, and the soldiers of the Sultanate of Brunei led by Sultan Bolkiah, the singing captain. The aftermath of the battle was the formation of an alliance between the newly established Kingdom of Maynila (Selurong) and the Sultanate of Brunei, to crush the power of the Kingdom of Tondo and the subsequent installation of the Pro-Islamic Rajah Sulaiman into power. Furthermore, Sultan Bolkiah's victory over Sulu and Seludong (modern day Manila), as well as his marriages to Laila Mecanai, the daughter of Sulu Sultan Amir Ul-Ombra (an uncle of Sharifa Mahandun married to Nakhoda Angging or Maharaja Anddin of Sulu), and to the daughter of Datu Kemin, widened Brunei's influence in the Philippines.

negative: Battle of Freiberg The Battle of Freiberg was fought on 29 October 1762 and was the last great battle of the Third Silesian War (and of the wider Seven Years' War).

negative: Manila, Kentucky Manila is an unincorporated community in Johnson County, Kentucky, United States. Manila's original post office opened on July 1, 1898 and was named in honor of the Battle of Manila Bay, which had occurred earlier that year. The community's ZIP code is 41238.

negative: Philippines Campaign (1941–42) The Philippines Campaign (Filipino: "Kampanya sa Pilipinas" or "Labanan sa Pilipinas") or the Battle of the Philippines, fought 8 December 1941 – 8 May 1942, was the invasion of the Philippines by Imperial Japan and the defense of the islands by United States and Filipino forces during the Second World War.

negative: Battle of Tornow The Battle of Tornow was fought between the forces of Prussia and Sweden on 26 September 1758 during the Seven Years' War, near modern-day Fürstenberg/Havel (then called Tornow, in the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz).

negative: Battle of the Visayas The Battle of the Visayas was fought by U.S. forces and Filipino guerrillas against the Japanese from 18 March – 30 July 1945, in a series of actions officially designated as Operations Victor I and II, and part of the campaign for the liberation of the Philippines during World War II. The battle was waged to complete the recapture of the central portions south of the archipelago and secure them from remaining Japanese forces.

negative: Battle of Ratan and Sävar The Battle of Sävar and Ratan is two battles fought a day apart. They are mentioned together as the same armies fought both battles and the later battle was essentially an extension of the first. The battle of Sävar and Ratan was the last battle on Swedish soil and the last between Swedish and Russian forces.

negative: Battle of Zapote River The Battle of Zapote River, also known as the Battle of Zapote Bridge, was fought on June 13, 1899 between 1,200 Americans and between 4,000~5,000 Filipinos. It was the second largest battle of the Philippine–American War after the Battle of Manila five months before in February 1899. Zapote River separates the town of Las Piñas in what was then Manila province from Bacoor in the province of Cavite. The ruins of Zapote Bridge still stands next to its replacement bridge on Aguinaldo Highway.

negative: Spanish gunboat Marques del Duero Marques del Duero was a "Fernando el Catolico"-class gunboat of the Spanish Navy which fought in the Battle of Manila Bay during the Spanish–American War.

negative: Battle of Lundy's Lane The Battle of Lundy's Lane (also known as the Battle of Niagara Falls) was a battle of the Anglo-American War of 1812, which took place on 25 July 1814, in present-day Niagara Falls, Ontario. It was one of the bloodiest battles of the war, and one of the deadliest battles ever fought in Canada.

negative: Battle of Binakayan-Dalahican The Battle of Binakayan-Dalahican was a simultaneous battle during the Philippine Revolution that was fought from November 9–11, 1896 that led to a decisive Filipino victory. The twin battle took place at the shores of Binakayan, in the town of Cavite Viejo (also called Cavite el Viejo, now Kawit); Dalahican and Dagatan in Noveleta; and, to minimal extent, in Imus and Bacoor towns in Cavite province, Philippines that lasted for two days before the Spanish army retreated demoralized and in disarray. The result of the battle was the first significant Filipino victory in the country's history.

negative: Seven Years' War The Seven Years' War was a global conflict fought between 1756 and 1763. It involved every European great power of the time and spanned five continents, affecting Europe, the Americas, West Africa, India, and the Philippines. The conflict split Europe into two coalitions, led by the Kingdom of Great Britain (including Prussia, Portugal, Hanover, and other small German states) on one side and the Kingdom of France (including the Austrian-led Holy Roman Empire, the Russian Empire, Bourbon Spain, and Sweden) on the other. Meanwhile, in India, the Mughal Empire, with the support of the French, tried to crush a British attempt to conquer Bengal.

negative: Battle of Luzon The Battle of Luzon, fought 9 January – 15 August 1945, was a land battle of the Pacific Theater of Operations of World War II by the Allied forces of the U.S., its colony the Philippines, and allies against forces of the Empire of Japan. The battle resulted in a U.S. and Filipino victory. The Allies had taken control of all strategically and economically important locations of Luzon by March 1945, although pockets of Japanese resistance held out in the mountains until the unconditional surrender of Japan. While not the highest in U.S. casualties, it is the highest net casualty battle U.S. forces fought in World War II, with 192,000 to 205,000 Japanese combatants dead (mostly from starvation and disease), 10,000 American combatants killed, and between 120,000 to 140,000 Filipino civilians and combatants killed.

negative: Battle of Averasborough The Battle of Averasborough or The Battle of Averasboro, fought March 16, 1865, in Harnett and Cumberland counties, North Carolina, as part of the Carolinas Campaign of the American Civil War, was a prelude to the climactic Battle of Bentonville, which began three days later.

negative: Battle of the Malalag River The Battle of the Malalag River was a battle fought between the Philippines and the United States during the Philippine-American War which resulted in the death of Datu Ali, who had eluded the Americans longer than any other Moro leader.

negative: Battle of Perez Dasmariñas The Battle of Perez Dasmariñas occurred during the Cavite Offensive of 1897, an all-out attack commanded by Maj. Gen. Jose de Lachambre to recapture Cavite in the Philippines since their loss at the twin battles of Binakayan and Dalahican and to crush the Katipunan insurrection, led by Emilio Aguinaldo in the province. Both the battle and the offensive was a success for the Spanish, and the retreat to Montalban occurred several weeks after the battle. The battle had been too much a hardship for both the Filipino revolutionaries and the Perez Dasmariñas town, because they each suffered destruction in the face of the massive Spanish assault.

negative: Battle of Nezib The Battle of Nezib or Battle of Nisib or Battle of Nizib (present-day Nizip) was fought on 24 June 1839 between Egypt and the Ottoman Empire.