query: Military deception is a form of disinformation.

positive: Military deception Military deception refers to attempts to mislead enemy forces during warfare . This is usually achieved by creating or amplifying an artificial fog of war via psychological operations , information warfare , visual deception and other methods . As a form of strategic use of information ( disinformation ) , it overlaps with psychological warfare . To the degree that any enemy that falls for the deception will lose confidence when it is revealed , he may hesitate when confronted with the truth .   Deception in warfare dates back to early history . The Art of War , an ancient Chinese military treatise , puts great emphasis on the tactic . In modern times military deception has developed as a fully fledged doctrine . Misinformation and visual deception were employed during World War I and came into even greater prominence during World War II . In the buildup to the 1944 invasion of Normandy the Allies executed one of the largest deceptions in military history , Operation Bodyguard , helping them achieve full tactical surprise .

negative: Russian military deception Russian military deception , sometimes known as maskirovka , is a military doctrine developed from the start of the twentieth century . The doctrine covers a broad range of measures for military deception , ranging from camouflage to denial and deception .   Deceptive measures include concealment , imitation with decoys and dummies , manoeuvres intended to deceive , denial , and disinformation . The 1944 Soviet Military Encyclopedia refers to `` means of securing combat operations and the daily activities of forces ; a complexity of measures , directed to mislead the enemy regarding the presence and disposition of forces ... '' Later versions of the doctrine also include strategic , political , and diplomatic means including manipulation of `` the facts '' , situation and perceptions to affect the media and opinion around the world , so as to achieve or facilitate tactical , strategic , national and international goals .   Deception contributed to major Soviet victories including the Battle of Stalingrad , the Battle of Kursk , and Operation Bagration ( in Belarus ) : in these cases , surprise was achieved despite very large concentrations of force , both in attack and in defence . The doctrine has also been put into practice in peacetime , with denial and deception operations in events such as the Cuban Missile Crisis , the Prague Spring , and the annexation of Crimea .

negative: Disinformation Disinformation is intentionally false or misleading information that is spread in a calculated way to deceive target audiences . The English word , which did not appear in dictionaries until the late-1980s , is a translation of the Russian дезинформация , transliterated as dezinformatsiya . Disinformation is different from misinformation , which is information that is unintentionally false . Misinformation can be used to define disinformation -- where disinformation is misinformation that is purposefully and intentionally disseminated in order to deceive .   Historically the word `` disinformation '' has been reserved for a body of false information propagated at the state and state secret services level but in recent times it has a looser meaning in English relating to propaganda , fake news or a body of lies by any organisation and possibly any individual .

negative: Disinformation (disambiguation) Disinformation is the deliberate dissemination of false information .   Disinformation may also refer to :   Disinformation ( album ) , a 1999 album by Tin Huey  Disinformation ( TV series ) , a Channel 4 television series  Disinformation ( company ) , an American publishing company  Disinformation , a 2013 book by Ronald Rychlak and Ion Mihai Pacepa  Disinformation ( Sinplus album ) , 2012

negative: Deception Deception , beguilement , deceit , bluff , mystification , ruse , or subterfuge is the act of propagating beliefs in things that are not true , or not the whole truth ( as in half-truths or omission ) . Deception can involve dissimulation , propaganda , and sleight of hand , as well as distraction , camouflage , or concealment . There is also self-deception , as in bad faith .   Deception is a major relational transgression that often leads to feelings of betrayal and distrust between relational partners . Deception violates relational rules and is considered to be a negative violation of expectations . Most people expect friends , relational partners , and even strangers to be truthful most of the time . If people expected most conversations to be untruthful , talking and communicating with others would require distraction and misdirection to acquire reliable information . A significant amount of deception occurs between some romantic and relational partners .   Deceit and dishonesty can also form grounds for civil litigation in tort , or contract law ( where it is known as misrepresentation or fraudulent misrepresentation if deliberate ) , or give rise to criminal prosecution for fraud . It also forms a vital part of psychological warfare in denial and deception .

negative: Military dummy Dummies and decoys are fake military equipment that are intended to deceive the enemy . Dummies and decoys are only one aspect of military deception .

negative: Mimicking operations Mimicking operations is a tactical concept , developed under Terrorist Tactics , Techniques , and Procedures , to explain a form of deception , commonly used by terrorists in their attacks . The concept is commonly used in military tactical modelling and scientific simulation ; and is connected to the idea of shielding friendly forces ( as well as foes ) from detection and deception .

negative: Deception (disambiguation) Deception is the hiding or distorting of the truth . See also Deception ( criminal law ) , a legal term .   Deception or The Deception may also refer to :

negative: Fear, uncertainty and doubt Fear , uncertainty and doubt ( often shortened to FUD ) is a disinformation strategy used in sales , marketing , public relations , talk radio , politics , religious organizations , and propaganda . FUD is generally a strategy to influence perception by disseminating negative and dubious or false information and a manifestation of the appeal to fear .   While the phrase dates to at least the early 20th century , the present common usage of disinformation related to software , hardware and technology industries generally appeared in the 1970s to describe disinformation in the computer hardware industry , and has since been used more broadly .

negative: The Deceivers: Allied Military Deception in the Second World War The Deceivers : Allied Military Deception in the Second World War , by Thaddeus Holt , is a 2004 historical account of Allied military deception during the Second World War . The book focuses primarily on the work of Dudley Clarke in the Middle East , John Bevan in London , Newman Smith in Washington , and Peter Fleming in the Far East , detailing their work in creating strategic and tactical deceptions for the Allied forces .   The book was generally well received by critics , with historian Max Hastings calling it a `` worthy celebration '' of British deception during the war . Some reviewers , however , criticised the extensive detail and considerable length of Holt 's work .

negative: Electronic deception In telecommunication , the term electronic deception means the deliberate radiation , reradiation , alteration , suppression , absorption , denial , enhancement , or reflection of electromagnetic energy in a manner intended to convey misleading information and to deny valid information to an enemy or to enemy electronics-dependent weapons .   Among the types of electronic deception are :  Manipulative electronic deception -- Actions to eliminate revealing or convey misleading , telltale indicators that may be used by hostile forces  Simulative electronic deception -- Actions to represent friendly notional or actual capabilities to mislead hostile forces  Imitative electronic deception -- The introduction of electromagnetic energy into enemy systems that imitates enemy emissions .

negative: Military camouflage Military camouflage is the use of camouflage by a military force to protect personnel and equipment from observation by enemy forces . In practice , this means applying colour and materials to military equipment of all kinds , including vehicles , ships , aircraft , gun positions and battledress , either to conceal it from observation ( crypsis ) , or to make it appear as something else ( mimicry ) . The French slang word camouflage came into common English usage during World War I when the concept of visual deception developed into an essential part of modern military tactics . In that war , long-range artillery and observation from the air combined to expand the field of fire , and camouflage was widely used to decrease the danger of being targeted or to enable surprise . As such , military camouflage is a form of military deception .   Camouflage was first practiced in simple form in the mid 18th century by jäger - or rifle units . Their tasks required them to be inconspicuous , and they were issued green and later other drab colour uniforms . With the advent of longer range and more accurate weapons , especially the repeating rifle , camouflage was adopted for the uniforms of all armies , spreading to most forms of military equipment including ships and aircraft . Many modern camouflage textiles address visibility not only to visible light but also near infrared , for concealment from night vision devices . Camouflage is not only visual ; heat , sound , magnetism and even smell can be used to target weapons , and may be intentionally concealed . Some forms of camouflage have elements of scale invariance , designed to disrupt outlines at different distances , typically digital camouflage patterns made of pixels .   Camouflage for equipment and positions was extensively developed for military use by the French in 1915 , soon followed by other World War I armies . In both world wars , artists were recruited as camouflage officers . Ship camouflage developed via conspicuous dazzle camouflage schemes during WWI , but since the development of radar , ship camouflage has received less attention . Aircraft , especially in World War II , were often painted with different schemes above and below , to camouflage them against the ground and sky respectively .   Military camouflage patterns have been popular in fashion and art from as early as 1915 . Camouflage patterns have appeared in the work of artists such as Andy Warhol and Ian Hamilton Finlay , sometimes with an anti-war message . In fashion , many major designers have exploited camouflage 's style and symbolism , and military clothing or imitations of it have been used both as street wear and as a symbol of political protest .

negative: The Deceiver (novel) The Deceiver is a novel by Frederick Forsyth , about a retiring agent of the British SIS named Sam McCready . He is the head of Deception , Disinformation and Psychological Operations , and his maverick but brilliant successes have led to his nickname `` The Deceiver . '' The four stories were filmed as a miniseries for British television in 1989 and 1990 . McCready was played by Alan Howard .

negative: Operation Quicksilver (deception plan) Operation Quicksilver was a Second World War military deception . Undertaken by the Allies in 1944 , the operation threatened an invasion of France in the Pas de Calais region through the simulation of a large Field Army in South East England . Quicksilver formed part of the Operation Fortitude deception , itself part of the strategic Operation Bodyguard plan . The key element of Quicksilver was the creation in German minds that `` First United States Army Group '' ( FUSAG ) commanded by General George Patton supposedly would land in the Pas-de-Calais for the major invasion of Europe , after the landings in Normandy had lured the German defenders to that front . ( FUSAG was a genuine army group headquarters which later became Omar Bradley 's 12th Army Group , but was given a fictitious role and many non-existent divisions for purposes of deception . )   Juan Pujol García , known by the British code name Garbo and the German code name Arabel , was a double agent loyal to the Allies who played a crucial role in the deception by supplying Germany with detailed information from a network of non-existent sub-agents supporting the idea that the main invasion was to be in the Pas-de-Calais .

negative: Forgery as covert operation Forgery is used by some governments and non-state actors as a tool of covert operation , disinformation and black propaganda . Letters , currency , speeches , documents , and literature are all falsified as a means to subvert a government 's political , military or economic assets . Forgeries are designed to attribute a false intention and aspirations on the intended target . They force the targeted government to spend a large amount of resources to refute the forgery . Forgeries are an effective tool because of their ability to hold influence even after being proven false .

negative: Ops (B) Ops ( B ) was an Allied military deception planning department , based in the United Kingdom , during the Second World War . It was set up under Colonel Jervis-Read in April 1943 as a department of Chief of Staff to the Supreme Allied Commander ( COSSAC ) , an operational planning department with a focus on western Europe . That year , Allied high command had decided that the main Allied thrust would be in southern Europe , and Ops ( B ) was tasked with tying down German forces on the west coast in general , and drawing out the Luftwaffe in particular .   The department 's first operation was a three-pronged plan called Operation Cockade , an elaborate ploy to threaten invasions in France and Norway . Cockade was not much of a success . The main portion of the operation , a deceptive thrust against the Boulogne region named Operation Starkey , intended to draw out the German air arm , failed to elicit a response . The plan was undermined by the fact that any Allied push towards France that year was obviously unlikely .   In January 1944 , COSSAC was absorbed into SHAEF and Ops ( B ) survived the transition , expanding in the process . Colonel Wild took over from Jervis-Read ( who became his deputy ) and reorganised the department into two sections : Operations and Intelligence . The refreshed department was given control over double agents and other avenues of disinformation . Ops ( B ) was tasked with operational planning for the main portion of Operation Bodyguard , a deception plan to cover the 1944 Normandy landings , named Operation Fortitude . In early 1944 David Strangeways joined the 21st Army ( the invasion force ) ; Strangeways clashed with Wild , and ended up rewriting major portions of Fortitude . Ops ( B ) was eventually relegated to the role of managing the information flowing out through disinformation channels .

negative: Military imposter A military imposter is a person who makes false claims about his or her military service in civilian life . This includes claims by people that have never been in the military as well as lies or embellishments by genuine veterans . Some individuals who do this also wear privately obtained uniforms or medals which were never officially issued to them .   In British military slang , such imposters are called `` Walts '' , based on James Thurber 's fictional character , Walter Mitty , who daydreamed of being a war hero . In the United States since the early 2000s , the term `` stolen valor '' has become popular slang for this kind of behavior , so named for the 1998 book of that name . Other terms include `` fake warriors '' , `` military phonies '' , and `` medal cheats '' .   Lying about military service or wearing a uniform or medals that were not earned is criminalized in some circumstances , especially if done with the goal of obtaining money or any other kind of tangible benefit , though laws vary by country .

negative: Mirror of Deception Mirror of Deception is German doom metal band , formed in 1990 .

negative: Ruse A ruse is a deception , an action or plan which is intended to deceive someone , for example a ruse of war .

negative: Operation Ferdinand Operation Ferdinand was a military deception employed by the Allies during the Second World War . It formed part of Operation Bodyguard , a major strategic deception intended to misdirect and confuse German high command about Allied invasion plans during 1944 . Ferdinand consisted of strategic and tactical deceptions intended to draw attention away from the Operation Dragoon landing areas in southern France by threatening an invasion of Genoa in Italy . Planned by Eugene Sweeney in June and July 1944 and operated until early September , it has been described as `` quite the most successful of ` A ' Force 's strategic deceptions '' . It helped the Allies achieve complete tactical surprise in their landings and pinned down German troops in the Genoa region until late July .

negative: List of camouflage methods Camouflage is the concealment of animals or objects of military interest by any combination of methods that helps them to remain unnoticed . This includes the use of high-contrast disruptive patterns as used on military uniforms , but anything that delays recognition can be used as camouflage . Camouflage involves deception , whether by looking like the background or by resembling something else , which may be plainly visible to observers . This article lists methods used by animals and the military to escape notice .

negative: Paradummy The paradummy is a military deception device first used in World War II , intended to imitate a drop of paratroop attackers . This can cause the enemy to shift forces or fires unnecessarily , or lure enemy troops into staged ambushes .   The devices were called Rupert dolls by British Troops and Oscar by American .

negative: False flag The contemporary term false flag describes covert operations that are designed to deceive in such a way that activities appear as though they are being carried out by entities , groups , or nations other than those who actually planned and executed them .   Historically , the term `` false flag '' has its origins in naval warfare where the use of a flag other than the belligerent 's true battle flag before ( but not while ) engaging the enemy has long been accepted as a permissible ruse de guerre ; by contrast , flying a false flag while engaging the enemy constitutes perfidy .   Operations carried out during peace-time by civilian organizations , as well as covert government agencies , can ( by extension ) also be called false flag operations if they seek to hide the real organization behind an operation .

negative: Fabricator (intelligence) A fabricator is an intelligence agent or officer that generates disinformation , falsehoods or bogus information , often without access to authentic resources . Fabricators often provide forged documents in order to substantiate their falsehoods . It is normal intelligence practice to place identified fabricators on a black list or to issue a burn notice on them and to recall intelligence sourced from them .   A fabricator is often cited as a reliable source behind black propaganda or atrocity propaganda involving disinformation or information that has not been properly vetted but suits the agenda of the disseminating organization . Multiple fabricators are usually used to justify a Big Lie . The process of vetting to weed out fabricators and double agents is also referred to as source validation . Recent examples of this include the case of the Niger uranium forgeries and the mobile weapons laboratory in Iraq . There are numerous cases in which it is alleged that the Soviet Union and its satellite states employed fabricators to pass disinformation to discredit activist emigres in the United States .

negative: Disinformation (album) Disinformation is an experimental rock and new wave album released by Tin Huey in 1999 through Future Fossil Records .

negative: 1995 CIA disinformation controversy The 1995 CIA disinformation controversy arose when the Central Intelligence Agency revealed that between 1986 and 1994 , it had delivered intelligence reports to the U.S. government based on agent reporting from confirmed or suspected Soviet operatives . From 1985 to his arrest in February 1994 , CIA agent and KGB mole Aldrich Ames compromised Agency sources and operations in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe , leading to the arrest of many CIA agents and the execution of at least ten of them . This allowed the KGB to replace the CIA agents with its own operatives or to force them to cooperate , and the double agents then funneled a mixture of disinformation and true material to U.S. intelligence . Although the CIA 's Soviet-East European ( SE ) and Central Eurasian Divisions knew or suspected the sources to be Soviet double agents , they nevertheless disseminated this `` feed '' material within the government . Some of these intelligence reports even reached Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush , as well as President-elect Bill Clinton .   The disclosure of the deception in 1995 , following investigations into the Ames case , led to a media stir and heavy congressional criticism . The Agency 's Inspector General , Frederick Hitz , identified 12 CIA personnel he deemed responsible for the lapse , including three former directors ; CIA Director John M. Deutch criticized seven of these employees , calling the affair `` a major intelligence failure '' . A damage assessment determined that the disinformation altered intelligence analyses of the Soviet ( and later Russian ) military towards the end of the Cold War , creating a false impression of Soviet strength ; however , initial charges that the faulty reports led to billions of dollars ' worth of Pentagon spending proved to be exaggerated . Regardless , the revelation further undermined the CIA 's credibility in the wake of the Ames case .

negative: Conventional warfare Conventional warfare is a form of warfare conducted by using conventional weapons and battlefield tactics between two or more states in open confrontation . The forces on each side are well-defined , and fight using weapons that primarily target the opponent 's military . It is normally fought using conventional weapons , and not with chemical , biological , or nuclear weapons .   The general purpose of conventional warfare is to weaken or destroy the opponent 's military , thereby negating its ability to engage in conventional warfare . In forcing capitulation , however , one or both sides may eventually resort to unconventional warfare tactics .

negative: Misinformation Misinformation is false or incorrect information , that is spread intentionally or unintentionally ( without realizing it is untrue ) .

negative: Perfidy In the context of war , perfidy is a form of deception in which one side promises to act in good faith ( such as by raising a flag of truce ) with the intention of breaking that promise once the enemy is exposed ( such as by coming out of cover to attack the enemy coming to take the `` surrendering '' prisoners into custody ) . Perfidy constitutes a breach of the laws of war and so is a war crime , as it degrades the protections and mutual restraints developed in the interest of all parties , combatants , and civilians .   In practice , combatants find it difficult to respect protected persons and objects if experience causes them to believe or suspect that their adversaries are abusing a claim to protection under international law to gain a military advantage .

negative: Lie A lie is a statement used intentionally for the purpose of deception . The practice of communicating lies is called lying , and a person who communicates a lie may be termed a liar . Lies may be employed to serve a variety of instrumental , interpersonal , or psychological functions for the individuals who use them . Generally , the term `` lie '' carries a negative connotation , and depending on the context a person who communicates a lie may be subject to social , legal , religious , or criminal sanctions .   In certain situations , however , lying is permitted , expected , or even encouraged . Believing and acting on false information can have serious consequences . Therefore , scientists and others have attempted to develop reliable methods for distinguishing lies from true statements .

negative: British deception formations in World War II During World War II the British Army made extensive use of fictional army formations , as part of strategic or tactical military deceptions . Their use was pioneered by Dudley Clarke during the North African campaign . Clarke eventually formulated an elaborate order of battle deception ( Operation Cascade ) to mislead the Axis high command as to the strength of Allied forces in the region . Based on these successes the London Controlling Section made extensive use of notional formations during Operation Bodyguard - a deception operation ahead of the June 1944 Normandy Landings .

negative: Military intelligence Military intelligence is a military discipline that uses information collection and analysis approaches to provide guidance and direction to commanders in support of their decisions . This is achieved by providing an assessment of data from a range of sources , directed towards the commanders ' mission requirements or responding to questions as part of operational or campaign planning . In order to provide an analysis , the commander 's information requirements are first identified . These information requirements are then incorporated into intelligence collection , analysis , and dissemination .   Areas of study may include the operational environment , hostile , friendly and neutral forces , the civilian population in an area of combat operations , and other broader areas of interest . Intelligence activities are conducted at all levels , from tactical to strategic , in peacetime , the period of transition to war , and during a war itself .   Most governments maintain a military intelligence capability to provide analytical and information collection personnel in both specialist units and from other arms and services . The military intelligence capabilities interact with civilian intelligence capabilities to inform the spectrum of political and military activities .   Personnel selected for intelligence duties may be selected for their analytical abilities and personal intelligence before receiving formal training .

negative: Operation Titanic Operation Titanic was a series of military deceptions carried out by the Allied Nations during the Second World War . The operation formed part of Operation Bodyguard , the cover plan for the Normandy landings in 1944 . Titanic was carried out on 5 -- 6 June 1944 by the Royal Air Force and the Special Air Service . The objective of the operation was to drop 500 dummy parachutists in places other than the real Normandy drop zones , to deceive the German defenders into believing that a large force had landed , drawing their troops away from the beachheads .   Titanic was one of several deception operations involving the Royal Air Force on D-Day ; others were Operations Glimmer and Taxable , executed by No. 218 Squadron and No. 617 Squadron , and radar deceptions by No. 101 and No. 214 squadrons .


query: SummerSlam had no pre-show, but contested ten matches.

positive: SummerSlam (2015) SummerSlam ( 2015 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by WWE . It took place on August 23 , 2015 , at Barclays Center in Brooklyn , New York . The twenty-eighth event under the SummerSlam chronology , this was the first since 2008 to be held outside of Los Angeles as Staples Center was the exclusive home for SummerSlam from 2009 to 2014 , and the eighth SummerSlam to be held in the New York metropolitan area . The Izod Center was originally supposed to host SummerSlam , but due to its closure in April 2015 , the event was moved to Barclays Center . The event was the first in the SummerSlam chronology to be four hours in length , a length previously reserved only for WrestleMania .   The event was the second night of what was billed as a `` triple-header '' at Barclays Center , with NXT TakeOver : Brooklyn having taken place the previous night , and Raw the following night . Ten matches were contested at the event , with no pre-show . In the main event , The Undertaker defeated Brock Lesnar in controversial fashion ; Lesnar put Undertaker in his Kimura lock and the timekeeper rang the bell after seeing the Undertaker supposedly indicating submission , but since the referee had n't seen a submission and never stopped the match , the match continued . The confusion allowed Undertaker to surprise Lesnar with a low blow before trapping him in the Hell 's Gate submission hold , during which Lesnar passed out to give Undertaker the win .

negative: SummerSlam (2007) SummerSlam ( 2007 ) was the twentieth annual SummerSlam professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It was presented by THQ 's Stuntman Ignition . It took place on August 26 , 2007 , at the Continental Airlines Arena in East Rutherford , New Jersey and featured talent from each of WWE 's three brands : Raw , SmackDown ! , and ECW . Tickets for SummerSlam went on sale December 30 and sold out in forty minutes .   The main feud , a staged rivalry between wrestlers , heading into the event from the Raw brand was between John Cena and Randy Orton . On the July 23 episode of Raw , Jonathan Coachman announced Orton as the number one contender to the WWE Championship . Over the proceeding weeks , Orton provoked Cena by interfering and attacking him during his matches . From SmackDown , the predominant feud was between The Great Khali and Batista . After Khali defeated Batista and Kane in a Triple Threat match , a match between three wrestlers contested under standard rules , Theodore Long booked Khali to defend the World Heavyweight Championship against Batista at SummerSlam . The primary feud from ECW was between John Morrison and CM Punk . By defeating Morrison in a 15 Minutes of Fame match , Punk became the number one contender to the ECW Championship at SummerSlam .   Several of the existing feuds carried on after the event . Notably , CM Punk continued to face John Morrison , defeating him for the ECW Championship the following month on ECW on Sci Fi '' . The day after SummerSlam , Orton , as part of the scripted events , interfered in a match between Cena and King Booker and intensified the feud by attacking Cena 's father . Khali and Batista faced each other at Unforgiven , the following pay-per-view , as part of a Triple Threat match ; Batista was victorious in this match and won the World Heavyweight Championship .

negative: SummerSlam (2006) SummerSlam ( 2006 ) was the nineteenth annual SummerSlam professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It took place on August 20 , 2006 , at the TD Banknorth Garden in Boston , Massachusetts , and involved performers from the Raw , SmackDown ! , and ECW brands . This marked the first inter-brand pay-per-view including the ECW brand .   The main match on the Raw brand pitted Edge against John Cena for the WWE Championship , which Edge won by pinfall after hitting Cena in the back of the head with a pair of brass knuckles . The main match on the SmackDown brand pitted King Booker against Batista for the World Heavyweight Championship , which Batista won by disqualification following interference from Queen Sharmell . The primary match on the ECW brand pitted The Big Show against Sabu in an Extreme rules match for the ECW World Championship . Big Show won the match and retained the title after pinning Sabu following a chokeslam through a table . The undercard included D-Generation X ( Triple H and Shawn Michaels ) against Vince and Shane McMahon ) as well as Hulk Hogan against Randy Orton , which is Hogan 's last match in the WWE .   Several of the existing feuds carried on after the event . D-Generation X continued feuding with The McMahons , defeating them and The Big Show in a Hell in a Cell match the following month . The feud between Batista and King Booker also continued , with the two facing off as part of a Fatal Four-Way match at No Mercy , which Booker won . The following month , at Unforgiven , John Cena defeated Edge in a Tables , Ladders , and Chairs match to win the WWE Championship and conclude their storyline .

negative: SummerSlam (2002) SummerSlam ( 2002 ) was the fifteenth annual SummerSlam professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It was presented by Foot Locker . It took place on August 25 , 2002 , at the Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum in Uniondale , New York . With this event , SummerSlam became the first pay-per-view to have events in the three major indoor venues in the New York metropolitan area . Madison Square Garden hosted the event in 1988 , 1991 , and 1998 . The Izod Center in East Rutherford , New Jersey hosted the event in 1989 , 1997 , and later in 2007 .   The main match on the SmackDown ! brand was for the WWE Undisputed Championship between The Rock and Brock Lesnar . Lesnar won the match and the championship after pinning Rock following an F-5 . The main match on the Raw brand featured an Unsanctioned Street Fight between the returning Shawn Michaels and Triple H , which Michaels won after pinning Triple H by reversing Triple H 's Pedigree attempt into a jackknife roll-up . There was also an interpromotional match for the Intercontinental Championship between Rob Van Dam from Raw and Chris Benoit from SmackDown ! , which Van Dam won by pinfall after performing a Five-Star Frog Splash . The other matches on the undercard included The Undertaker versus Test and Kurt Angle versus Rey Mysterio .

negative: Hell in a Cell (2015) Hell in a Cell ( 2015 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by WWE . It took place on October 25 , 2015 , at Staples Center in Los Angeles , California . It was the seventh event under the Hell in a Cell chronology . This is also the first WWE pay-per-view , other than SummerSlam , to be held in the city of Los Angeles since 2007 's No Way Out .   Eight matches were contested at the event , with one match on the pre-show . In the main event , Brock Lesnar defeated The Undertaker in a Hell in a Cell match , their second such match , the first one being at the 2002 No Mercy event . Also on the show , Alberto Del Rio returned to the WWE to answer John Cena 's open challenge and defeat him to win the WWE United States Championship .

negative: Craft Corner Deathmatch Craft Corner Deathmatch was a television show aired on the Style Network in 2005 .   Two contestants are challenged by host Jason Jones to make things such as notebooks and handbags out of various objects . After ten minutes , the contestants show their projects to a panel of judges who then rate it on a scale from one to ten . After two rounds , the winner faces the Craft Lady of Steel for a bonus prize .   Craft Corner Death Match had a wide range of celeb judges from Betsy Johnson to Michael Kors . The show aired about 20 episodes and then due to bad ratings , was taken off the air .

negative: Elimination Chamber (2015) Elimination Chamber ( 2015 ) ( known as No Escape ( 2015 ) in GermanyFor Germany , it was feared that the name `` Elimination Chamber '' may remind people of the gas chambers used during the Holocaust . ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by WWE . It took place on May 31 , 2015 , at the American Bank Center in Corpus Christi , Texas . The sixth Elimination Chamber event , it was the first and only to be held in May ; previous incarnations had taken place in February . Although advertised as being exclusive to the WWE Network , the event ultimately aired via traditional pay-per-view outlets in various territories .   Seven matches were contested at the event , including one match on the pre-show . The event was the first to include a tag-team Chamber match . In the main event , Dean Ambrose defeated WWE World Heavyweight Champion Seth Rollins by disqualification . Also , Kevin Owens defeated John Cena in his debut match at the event .

negative: Fastlane (2015) Fastlane ( 2015 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by WWE . It took place on February 22 , 2015 , at the FedExForum in Memphis , Tennessee . It was the first Fastlane event , replacing Elimination Chamber .   Seven matches were contested on the main card with no match on the pre-show . In the main event , Roman Reigns defeated Daniel Bryan to retain his WWE World Heavyweight Championship shot against Brock Lesnar at WrestleMania 31 . Also at the event Triple H had a `` face-to-face '' confrontation with Sting .   The event received 46,000 buys ( excluding WWE Network views ) , down from the Elimination Chamber 2014 figure of 183,000 buys , which predated the launch of the WWE Network .

negative: Extreme Rules (2015) Extreme Rules ( 2015 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by WWE . It took place on April 26 , 2015 , at the Allstate Arena in Rosemont , Illinois . It was the seventh event under the Extreme Rules chronology .   Eight matches were contested at the event ( including with one match on the pre-show ) . In the main event , Seth Rollins defeated Randy Orton in a Steel Cage match to successfully defend the WWE World Heavyweight Championship .   The event was available on the WWE Network in over 140 countries and on pay-per-view had 56,000 buys ( excluding WWE Network views ) , down from the previous year 's 108,000 buys .

negative: 2010 FA Trophy Final The 2010 FA Trophy Final was the 40th final of the Football Association 's cup competition for levels 5 -- 8 of the English football league system . The match was contested by Stevenage Borough who won the competition in 2007 and 2009 , and Barrow who won the competition in 1990 . Although Stevenage Borough , who had won the Football Conference were pre-match favourites ahead of Barrow who had finished 15th , Barrow won 2 -- 1 in extra time , after the match had ended in a 1 -- 1 draw .

negative: Extreme Rules (2013) Extreme Rules ( 2013 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by WWE . It took place on May 19 , 2013 at the Scottrade Center in St. Louis , Missouri . It was the fifth event under the Extreme Rules chronology , with the event having originated in 2009 . Eight matches took place on the event 's card and one pre-show match was streamed on YouTube . The theme of the event was that most matches are contested under hardcore wrestling regulations .  The event received 231,000 buys , down from last year 's event of 263,000 .

negative: WrestleMania XV WrestleMania XV was the fifteenth annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) , which took place on March 28 , 1999 , at the First Union Center in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania .   Ten professional wrestling matches were scheduled on the event 's card . The main event saw the challenger Stone Cold Steve Austin face The Rock in a No Disqualification match for the WWF Championship . The penultimate match saw The Undertaker wrestle Big Boss Man in a Hell in a Cell match . Lower on the card , six of the seven active championships were defended , including the first WrestleMania defense of the Hardcore Championship . Also on the undercard was a Brawl for All match , an unscripted type of shootfight between wrestler Bart Gunn and boxer/mixed martial artist Butterbean . This event also marks the final WWF appearance for Gorilla Monsoon , who would pass away in October of that year .   The ticket sales of 20,276 drew a gross of $ 1,437,050 .

negative: WrestleMania XXVI WrestleMania XXVI was the twenty-sixth annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) , which took place on March 28 , 2010 , at the University of Phoenix Stadium in the Phoenix suburb of Glendale , Arizona . This was the first WrestleMania since WrestleMania XI with a non-title match as a main event , the first WrestleMania to be held in the state of Arizona and the third to be held in an open-air venue , after WrestleMania IX and WrestleMania XXIV .   WrestleMania XXVI was a joint-promotion event , with performers both from the Raw and SmackDown brands . The event 's card consisted of eight matches , including three main matches . The first of these matches was a no disqualification , no countout match , in which The Undertaker defeated Shawn Michaels to improve his undefeated WrestleMania streak to 18 -- 0 . Per the pre-match stipulation , Michaels was forced to retire . The second was a singles match for the WWE Championship that saw John Cena defeat Batista to win the championship . The third saw World Heavyweight Champion Chris Jericho defeat the 2010 Royal Rumble winner Edge to retain the title . The undercard also included a No Holds Barred match between Bret Hart and Mr. McMahon and the sixth annual Money in the Bank ladder match .   Tickets for the event commenced sale to the public on November 7 , 2009 . WrestleMania XXVI generated approximately 885,000 PPV buys , grossing US$ 49 million in revenue . With an attendance of 72,219 , the event grossed $ 5.8 million in ticket sales , making the event the highest grossing and attended entertainment event held at the University of Phoenix Stadium .

negative: Vengeance (2004) Vengeance ( 2004 ) was the fourth annual Vengeance professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by American promotion , World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It was presented by AT&T and took place on July 11 , 2004 , from the Hartford Civic Center in Hartford , Connecticut and featured talent from the Raw brand .   The main event was Chris Benoit versus Triple H for the World Heavyweight Championship , which Benoit won by pinning Triple H with a roll-up . The predominant match on the card was Randy Orton versus Edge for the WWE Intercontinental Championship , which Edge won by pinfall after executing a Spear . The primary matches on the undercard included Matt Hardy versus Kane in a No Disqualification match , which Hardy won after he hit Kane with a steel chair to get the pin , and Batista versus Chris Jericho , which Batista won by pinfall after executing a Batista Bomb .   The event grossed US$ 370,000 with 7,000 ticket sales and had a 0.43 buyrate . Following the event , Benoit began a feud with Randy Orton over the World Heavyweight Championship . The two would have a match at SummerSlam , where Orton would win the World Heavyweight Championship , and become the youngest World 's Heavyweight Champion in WWE history . Edge went on to defend the Intercontinental Championship against Batista and Chris Jericho in a Triple Threat match at SummerSlam . Kane and Matt Hardy continued their feud at SummerSlam in a `` Till Death Do Us Part '' match , where the winner would get to marry Lita . Kane was the victor , and as a result , Lita had to marry Kane .

negative: Battleground (2016) Battleground ( 2016 ) ( also known as Battlefield in Germany ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event and WWE Network event produced by WWE . It took place on July 24 , 2016 at the Verizon Center in Washington , D.C. . It was the fourth event under the Battleground chronology , and the final event before the newly reinstated WWE brand extension went into full effect .   Nine matches were contested at the event , with one match contested on the pre-show . In the main event , Dean Ambrose successfully retained the WWE Championship in a triple threat match against his former Shield teammates , Seth Rollins and Roman Reigns , thus keeping the championship at the SmackDown brand . The show is also notable for Randy Orton 's first appearance after a nine-month injury and former NXT Women 's Champion Bayley 's main roster debut .

negative: TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs (2012) TLC : Tables , Ladders & Chairs ( 2012 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by WWE , which took place on December 16 , 2012 , at Barclays Center in Brooklyn , New York . It was the fourth annual TLC : Tables , Ladders & Chairs event , the first professional wrestling event to be held at the Barclays Center , and WWE 's first event held in Brooklyn .   Ten matches were contested at the event , including two on the pre-show . In the main event , Dolph Ziggler defeated John Cena in a Ladder match for the Money in the Bank contract with assistance from AJ Lee . Also , The Shield made their in-ring debut by defeating Ryback and Team Hell No in the first ever Six-Man Tag Team Tables , Ladders and Chairs match won by either pinfall or submission , and Big Show defeated Sheamus in a Chairs match to retain the World Heavyweight Championship . The event also featured Team Rhodes Scholars defeating Rey Mysterio and Sin Cara in a Tag Team Tables match to become the No. 1 Contenders to the WWE Tag Team Championship . This event was the only TLC event to not feature a WWE Championship Match as the current champion , CM Punk , was injured .   This event had an attendance of 15,748 , and was the highest-attended TLC PPV in the history of WWE .

negative: 1990 Supercoppa Italiana The 1990 Supercoppa Italiana was a pre-season football match contested by the 1989 -- 90 Serie A winners Napoli and the 1989 -- 90 Coppa Italia winners Juventus .   The match resulted in a 5 -- 1 win for Napoli .

negative: WWE Elimination Chamber Elimination Chamber is a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event , produced by WWE , a professional wrestling promotion based in Connecticut . The event was created in 2010 , with its inaugural event taking place on February 21 , 2010 , replacing No Way Out . Elimination Chamber is a pay-per-view ( PPV ) event consisting of a main event and undercard that features championship matches and other various matches . The concept of the show was that the two main event matches were contested inside the Elimination Chamber ; one of these matches typically featured the WWE Championship being defended , while the other was usually contested for the World Heavyweight Championship ( the two titles were unified in December 2013 ) . The first Elimination Chamber event took place on February 21 , 2010 and aired live on PPV . The event 's name was selected after WWE allowed fans to provide input via a survey on their official website and was chosen over Heavy Metal , Battle Chamber , Chamber of Conflict , and the original No Way Out name . Since its origin , each event has been held in an indoor arena , with all five taking place in the United States . In 2015 , the event was replaced by Fastlane in the February pay-per-view slot . However , the 2015 event was later announced to be streamed exclusively on the WWE Network in the United States on May 31 and was also available on PPV elsewhere . WWE also confirmed that the newly vacant WWE Intercontinental Championship was being decided inside the Elimination Chamber . The event did not occur in 2016 , but returned in 2017 as a SmackDown branded event .   Elimination Chamber is known in Germany as No Escape ( Kein Entkommen ) , to avoid any reminder of the gas chambers used during the Holocaust .

negative: WrestleMania XXX WrestleMania XXX ( also written as WrestleMania 30 ) was the thirtieth annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by WWE . It took place on April 6 , 2014 , at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans , Louisiana . It was the first WWE event simultaneously broadcast live on pay-per-view television and WWE 's new streaming media service , the WWE Network . Seven professional wrestling matches were scheduled on the event 's card and one pre-show match was streamed on the WWE Network .   Daniel Bryan defeated Triple H in the first match on the main show to qualify for the triple threat main event match , where he defeated Batista and defending champion Randy Orton to become the new WWE World Heavyweight Champion . The event was also notable for The Undertaker 's 21 -- 0 undefeated streak at WrestleMania coming to an end with a loss to Brock Lesnar . The WWE Divas Championship was the other title defended on the main show , its only defense at WrestleMania , while the WWE Tag Team Championship was defended on the pre-show .   WWE claimed $ 10.9 million in ticket revenue for WrestleMania XXX and estimated a $ 142.2 million economic impact on New Orleans . The event has received highly positive reviews . SLAM ! Wrestling rated the show a 4.5 out of 5 , while the Pro Wrestling Torch rated the event 8.75 out of 10 and The Times-Picayune described it as `` spectacular '' .

negative: A Shot at Love with Tila Tequila A Shot at Love with Tila Tequila is an American reality television dating game show similar to the TV show The Bachelor . It premiered on October 9 , 2007 on MTV starring Tila Tequila . The series is a bisexual-themed reality dating show where 16 hetero male and 16 lesbian-identified female contestants live in Tequila 's house and compete for her attention and affection . The contestants were not aware of Tequila 's bisexuality until the end of the first episode , after ten contestants had been eliminated . The remaining contestants , both male and female , then shared the same home for the remainder of the series . The ten episode series is produced by 495 Productions and MTV . A Shot at Love II premiered on April 22 , 2008 .

negative: The Chaser's Media Circus The Chaser 's Media Circus is an Australian television comedy quiz show broadcast on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation ( ABC ) television station ABC . The series is produced by the Australian satirical group , The Chaser , consisting of Chris Taylor , Julian Morrow , Craig Reucassel , Andrew Hansen and Chas Licciardello .   The show is a panel-like game and quiz show , with contestants using their knowledge about current media events to win . It is hosted by Craig Reucassel and features Chas Licciardello interjecting occasionally with ` fact-checks ' . The Chaser team members Chris Taylor , Julian Morrow and Andrew Hansen appear as contestants . It also features pre-recorded satirical segments about news events and media coverage between live segments .   In June 2015 it was announced that the show had been renewed for a second season which will consist of eight to ten episodes , airing in the second half of 2015

negative: WrestleMania X WrestleMania X was the tenth annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) . It took place at Madison Square Garden in New York , New York on March 20 , 1994 . The central focus of the pay-per-view was the WWF World Heavyweight Championship , which was defended in two matches . Lex Luger challenged champion Yokozuna first but was disqualified for pushing the referee . Bret Hart faced Yokozuna later in the evening and won the championship by pinning Yokozuna . This led to a lengthy worked feud between Bret and his brother Owen , who had defeated Bret in the opening match of the pay-per-view .   Several other major feuds were also highlighted at this event . Razor Ramon defeated Shawn Michaels in a Ladder match to resolve an angle in which the two had argued over the rightful holder of the WWF Intercontinental Championship . Bam Bam Bigelow gained revenge against Doink the Clown , with whom he had been feuding , by teaming with Luna Vachon to defeat Doink and his partner Dink . Randy Savage also settled his feud with Crush by defeating him in a Falls Count Anywhere match .   WrestleMania X was the first edition of the event not to include Hulk Hogan , who had been seen as the public face of the WWF ; following Hogan 's 1993 departure , that role had shifted to Bret Hart . The card also marked Randy Savage 's last televised match for the company . This was the first of two Wrestlemania 's not to include The Undertaker ( the other being WrestleMania 16 ) , as he was out recovering from injuries sustained at the Royal Rumble and would not return until SummerSlam . This event also marked the WrestleMania debut of Jerry `` The King '' Lawler who was one of the commentators for the event . Future WWE wrestler Zack Ryder was in attendance at the event .

negative: TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs (2015) TLC : Tables , Ladders & Chairs ( 2015 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event , which was produced by WWE . It took place on December 13 , 2015 , at the TD Garden in the Boston , Massachusetts . This was the seventh event under the TLC : Tables , Ladders & Chairs chronology .   Eight matches were contested at the event ( including with one match on the pre-show ) . In the main event , Sheamus defeated Roman Reigns in a Tables , Ladders , and Chairs match to retain the WWE World Heavyweight Championship . During the post-match , Reigns viciously attacked Triple H , which sent him to the hospital .

negative: SuperBrawl SuperBrawl was an annual professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event in World Championship Wrestling ( WCW ) during the month of February ( and in May in 1991 ) from 1991 through 2001 . Along with Starrcade , Bash at the Beach , The Great American Bash , and Halloween Havoc , SuperBrawl was booked to be one of WCW 's flagship pay-per-views . The first SuperBrawl was in May , but it switched to its annual month of February in 1992 as it made more sense since the event name SuperBrawl is a pun on the Super Bowl , which usually took place around that time . It was the next to last WCW PPV , and the rights are owned by the WWE after it bought the promotion 's intellectual properties in March 2001 . Sting holds the record for most appearances at the pay-per-view with eight SuperBrawls . In 2015 , all WCW pay-per-views were made available on the WWE Network .

negative: Fall Brawl (2000) Fall Brawl ( 2000 ) was the eighth Fall Brawl professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Championship Wrestling ( WCW ) . The event took place on September 17 , 2000 from the HSBC Arena in Buffalo , New York . It would be the final Fall Brawl event before the company folded and was purchased by rival promotion World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) in March of 2001 .   The main event was a Caged Heat match , in which Kevin Nash defended the title against Booker T. Booker defeated Nash to win the title . Notable matches on the undercard were Scott Steiner versus Goldberg in a no disqualification match , Mike Awesome versus Jeff Jarrett in a Bunkhouse Brawl and Sting versus The Great Muta and Vampiro in a Triangle match and a ten-person elimination match between Filthy Animals and Natural Born Thrillers , which was stopped when Animals ' teammate Paul Orndorff was injured during the match . The next night on Nitro , the match was resumed with the remaining competitors .

negative: In Your House 5 In Your House 5 ( retroactively titled In Your House 5 : Seasons Beatings ) was the fifth In Your House professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) , which took place on December 17 , 1995 , at the Hersheypark Arena in Hershey , Pennsylvania . Six matches aired as part of the PPV broadcast and three additional matches were held only seen by the people in attendance on the night . With the launch of the WWE Network in 2014 this show became available on demand , but does not include the three dark matches held before and after the main show . The main event was a rematch from the 1992 SummerSlam show as WWF World Heavyweight Champion Bret Hart defended the championship against his brother-in-law The British Bulldog . On the undercard the Undertaker faced off against King Mabel in a Casket match . Another match on the show could only end when either Hunter Hearst Helmsley or Henry O. Godwinn was thrown into a hog pen that was erected in the arena .

negative: WWE Raw WWE Raw , also known as Monday Night Raw or simply Raw , is a professional wrestling television program that currently airs live on Monday evenings at 8 pm EST on the USA Network in the United States . The show 's name is also used to refer to the Raw brand , in which WWE employees are assigned to work and perform on that program ; the other programs and brands currently being SmackDown and NXT . The show debuted on January 11 , 1993 and has since been considered as the flagship program of WWE .   Raw moved from the USA Network to TNN in September 2000 , which was rebranded to Spike in August 2003 . On October 3 , 2005 , Raw returned to the USA Network , where it remains today . As of December 9 , 2016 , all episodes of the show are now available on demand on the WWE Network .   Since its first episode , Raw has broadcast live from 208 different arenas in 171 cities and towns in eleven different nations ( the United States , Canada , the United Kingdom , Afghanistan in 2005 , Iraq in 2006 and 2007 , South Africa , Germany , Japan , Italy , and Mexico ) .   Following the 1000th episode on July 23 , 2012 , Raw became a three-hour broadcast from two hours , a format that had previously been reserved for special episodes .

negative: WarGames match The WarGames match was a gimmick match used originally in the National Wrestling Alliance ( NWA ) and later held annually in World Championship Wrestling ( WCW ) , usually at their Fall Brawl pay-per-view event in September . The match usually involved two teams of either four , five , or more wrestlers locked inside a steel cage that encompassed two rings , but other different variations were made .

negative: Money in the Bank (2015) Money in the Bank ( 2015 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by WWE . It took place on June 14 , 2015 , at the Nationwide Arena in Columbus , Ohio . It was the sixth event in the Money in the Bank chronology . It was also the first WWE pay-per-view event that was held in Columbus since 2004 's Bad Blood . Money in the Bank was available for free to new subscribers on WWE 's monthly subscription service of the WWE Network in over 140 countries .   Six matches were contested at the event ( including with one match on the pre-show ) . The titular ladder match for the Money in the Bank contract was won by Sheamus . In the main event , Seth Rollins retained the WWE World Heavyweight Championship in a ladder match against Dean Ambrose . The event had 57,000 buys ( excluding WWE Network views ) , down from the previous year 's 122,000 buys .

negative: Hell in a Cell (2014) Hell in a Cell ( 2014 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by WWE . It took place on October 26 , 2014 at the American Airlines Center in Dallas , Texas . It was the sixth annual Hell in a Cell event .   Eight matches were contested on the main card while one match took place on the pre-show which was streamed live on the WWE Network . The card featured two Hell in a Cell matches , where John Cena defeated Randy Orton to secure a future WWE World Heavyweight Championship match , and , in the main event , Seth Rollins defeated Dean Ambrose .   The event had 83,000 buys ( excluding WWE Network views ) , down from the previous year 's 228,000 buys .

negative: Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1990 Sweden entered the Eurovision Song Contest 1990 , held in Zagreb , Yugoslavia .   Swedish broadcaster Sveriges Television used their tried-and-tested pre-selection Melodifestivalen to select their entry for the 29th time . Melodifestivalen 1990 was held on 9 March , where ten artists competed .   Edin-Ådahl won the contest , beating 1983 representative Carola Häggkvist to second place . Their song , written by Mikael Wendt , was `` Som en vind '' ( Like A Wind ) .   At the contest Sweden performed 18th , following Republic of Ireland and preceding Italy . At the close of the voting they had received 24 points , being placed 16th of 22 countries competing .

negative: WrestleMania XXV WrestleMania XXV ( also marketed as `` The 25th Anniversary of WrestleMania '' ) was the twenty-fifth annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It was presented by the National Guard and took place on April 5 , 2009 , at Reliant Stadium in Houston , Texas . The event featured talent from all three WWE brands : Raw , SmackDown , and ECW . It was the second WrestleMania to be held in Houston , with the first being WrestleMania X-Seven at the Reliant Astrodome , which was held in 2001 .   Eight matches were held on the event 's card , which featured a supercard , a scheduling of more than one main bout . The first of these matches was a singles match for the WWE Championship that featured the champion , Triple H , defeating Randy Orton to retain the title . The second was a Triple Threat match for the World Heavyweight Championship , which saw John Cena defeat the champion , Edge , and the third participant in the match , The Big Show , to win the championship . The third main event was The Undertaker versus Shawn Michaels . Featured matches on the undercard included Jeff Hardy versus Matt Hardy in an Extreme Rules match , Chris Jericho versus the team of Roddy Piper , Ricky Steamboat and Jimmy Snuka , and the annual Money in the Bank ladder match .   Tickets for the event commenced sale to the public on November 8 , 2008 . For the third consecutive year , WrestleMania broke the record for the highest-grossing pay-per-view in WWE history , grossing US$ 6.9 million in ticket sales , which included fans from all 50 U.S. states , 24 countries , and seven Canadian provinces . WrestleMania XXV generated approximately 960,000 pay-per-view buys , grossing $ 21.0 million in revenue . The event pumped an estimated $ 49.8 million into the local economy and generated $ 5.7 million in local tax revenue , equating to 600 full-time jobs for the area . With an attendance of 72,744 , it is the 8th largest attendance in WrestleMania history .

negative: In Your House 10: Mind Games In Your House 10 : Mind Games was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) , which took place on September 22 , 1996 , at the CoreStates Center in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . It was the tenth pay-per-view of the In Your House series . The main event of the show saw Shawn Michaels defend the WWF World Heavyweight Championship against Mankind . Also on the show the WWF Tag Team Champions The Smoking Gunns ( Billy and Bart Gunn ) defended the championship against Owen Hart and The British Bulldog . On the undercard former Olympic Athlete Mark Henry made his professional wrestling debut . In total the PPV portion of the show featured six matches , the Free For All pre-show featured one match and the WWF held three `` dark matches '' before the cameras were turned on . With the launch of the WWE Network in 2014 this show became available on demand , but did not include the three dark matches nor the Free for All match .


query: David Lloyd George has yet to be the subject of any vote.

positive: David Lloyd George David Lloyd George , 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor , ( 17 January 1863 -- 26 March 1945 ) was a British Liberal politician and statesman of Welsh parentage and upbringing .   As Chancellor of the Exchequer ( 1908 -- 1915 ) , Lloyd George was a key figure in the introduction of many reforms which laid the foundations of the modern welfare state . His most important role came as the highly energetic Prime Minister of the Wartime Coalition Government ( 1916 -- 22 ) , during and immediately after the First World War . He was a major player at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 that reordered Europe after the defeat of the Central Powers .   Historian Martin Pugh in The Oxford Companion to British History argues that :  He made a greater impact on British public life than any other 20th-century leader , thanks to his pre-war introduction of Britain 's social welfare system ( especially medical insurance , unemployment insurance , and old-age pensions , largely paid for by taxes on high incomes and on the land ) . Furthermore , in foreign affairs he played a leading role in winning the First World War , redrawing the map of Europe at the peace conference , and partitioning Ireland .   As Prime Minister , Lloyd George favoured the Conservatives in his coalition in the 1918 elections , leaving the Liberal Party a minority . He became leader of the Liberal Party in the late 1920s , but it grew even smaller and more divided . By the 1930s he was a marginalised and widely mistrusted figure . He gave weak support to the Second World War amidst fears that he was favourable toward Germany .   He was voted the third greatest British prime minister of the 20th century in a poll of 139 academics organised by MORI , and in 2002 he was named among the 100 Greatest Britons following a UK-wide vote .

negative: Lloyd George Museum The Lloyd George Museum is dedicated to the life and times of David Lloyd George , the Welshman who was prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1916 to 1922 . It is located in Lloyd George 's home village of Llanystumdwy , Wales , and is run by Gwynedd Council .   The Museum includes Highgate , the boyhood home of Lloyd George , which has been recreated to appear as it was in the late 19th Century .

negative: Statue of David Lloyd George, Parliament Square The statue of David Lloyd George is an outdoor bronze sculpture of former British Prime Minister David Lloyd George by Glynn Williams , located at Parliament Square in London , United Kingdom .   This statue , which stands 8 ft tall , was unveiled in October 2007 and was funded by the David Lloyd George Statue Appeal , a charitable trust supported in part by HRH The Prince of Wales .

negative: The Life and Times of David Lloyd George The Life and Times of David Lloyd George is a BBC Wales drama serial broadcast in 1981 on the BBC1 network and which stars Philip Madoc , Lisabeth Miles , Kika Markham and David Markham .   It featured music by Ennio Morricone , including the theme music ( `` Chi Mai '' ) , which was a surprise hit in the UK charts , reaching number 2 . The opening titles showed an elderly David Lloyd George walking through the Welsh countryside near Criccieth remembering his Uncle Lloyd baptising the young David George ( later Lloyd George ) in a mountain stream .   The series is in 9 hourly parts covering most of the major events of Lloyd George 's life from his birth in Manchester in January 1863 until his death in 1945 in Llanystumdwy . The major events of Lloyd George 's life are covered in the production including his personal life , specifically the running of two families . The duration of Lloyd George 's political career , of over 54 years , combined with the length of the series means that certain periods of history have been skirted over . This is particularly the case with the various Liberal Party splits from 1918 onwards . The historical consultant for the series was the historian A. J. P. Taylor .

negative: David George David George may refer to :  David George ( Baptist ) ( 1740 or 1742 -- 1810 ) , African American , Baptist preacher , and a founding father of Sierra Leone  David George ( cyclist ) ( born 1976 ) , South African cyclist  David George ( Manitoba politician )  David Lloyd George ( 1863 -- 1945 ) , 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor and former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom  A pseudonym of Leo Dorfman  A pen-name of writer David Voenitz

negative: Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor is a title in the peerage of the United Kingdom . It was created in 1945 for the celebrated Liberal parliamentarian David Lloyd George who served as Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1908 to 1915 and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1916 to 1922 . He was created Viscount Gwynedd , of Dwyfor in the County of Caernarvon , also in the peerage of the United Kingdom , at the same time .   Lloyd George 's family name is not hyphenated , although it was required to appear as such in his title , as in other cases such as Andrew Lloyd Webber , Baron Lloyd-Webber .   Both the territorial designations Dwyfor and Gwynedd are ancient Welsh placenames . They were subsequently revived , in 1974 , for a local government district and county respectively .   The family titles are currently held by his great-grandson , the 4th Earl , who succeeded his father in 2010 .   Two of David Lloyd George 's children also earned distinction in public life . His second son the Hon. Gwilym Lloyd George was Home Secretary from 1954 to 1957 before being created Viscount Tenby in 1957 ; and , his daughter Lady Megan Lloyd George CH MP represented Anglesey and Carmarthen in the House of Commons .   The family seat is Ffynone , near Boncath , Pembrokeshire .

negative: Gwilym Lloyd George, 1st Viscount Tenby Major Gwilym Lloyd-George , 1st Viscount Tenby , ( 4 December 1894 -- 14 February 1967 ) was a British politician and cabinet minister . A younger son of Prime Minister David Lloyd George , he served as Home Secretary from 1954 to 1957 .

negative: Lloyd George ministry The Lloyd George ministry , was a coalition government led by Liberal David Lloyd George , which came to power in the United Kingdom in December 1916 . It replaced the earlier wartime coalition under H. H. Asquith , which had been held responsible for losses during the Great War . Those Liberals who continued to support Asquith served as the Official Opposition . The government continued in power after the end of the war in 1918 , though Lloyd George was increasingly reliant on the Conservatives for support . After several scandals including allegations of the sale of honours , the Conservatives withdrew their support after a meeting at the Carlton Club in 1922 , and Bonar Law formed a government .

negative: Margaret Lloyd George Dame Margaret Lloyd George , GBE ( née Owen ; 4 November 1864 -- 20 January 1941 ) was the first wife of British Prime Minister David Lloyd George from 1888 until her death in 1941 .

negative: Honours (Prevention of Abuses) Act 1925 The Honours ( Prevention of Abuses ) Act 1925 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom , that makes the sale of peerages or any other honours illegal . It was brought in after the Coalition government of David Lloyd George was severely embarrassed by the sale of honours , for the personal financial gain of the Prime Minister . The practice was legal and dated back several decades , Lloyd George made the practice more systematic and more brazen , charging # 10,000 for a knighthood , # 30,000 for baronetcy , and # 50,000 upwards for a peerage . Prime Minister Lloyd George in mid-1922 was fast losing his political support , and his sales were denounced in the House of Lords as an abuse of the Prime Minister 's powers of patronage .   Only one person has ever been convicted under the Act -- Maundy Gregory , Lloyd George 's `` honours broker '' , in 1933 -- whose same behaviour in 1918 was the main cause of the Act in the first place . Gregory 's 1933 conviction was secured over his attempts to broker the selling of Vatican knighthoods in the UK . To this date , the Act has never been successfully used to convict anyone involved in the sale of UK honours .

negative: Owen Lloyd George, 3rd Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor Owen Lloyd George , 3rd Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor , DL ( 28 April 1924 -- 29 July 2010 ) was a British Peer . He sat as a crossbencher in the House of Lords .

negative: Viscount Tenby Viscount Tenby , of Bulford in the County of Pembroke , is an hereditary title in the peerage of the United Kingdom , created in 1957 for former Home Secretary , the Hon. Gwilym Lloyd George , second son of Prime Minister David Lloyd George , 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor ( see Earl Lloyd George of Dwyfor for earlier history of the family ) .   the title is held by his younger son , the third Viscount , who succeeded his elder brother in 1983 . Lord Tenby was one of the ninety elected hereditary peers to remain in the House of Lords after the House of Lords Act 1999 , sitting as a Crossbencher until he stood down from parliament in 2014 ( being replaced by the Lord Mountevans now Lord Mayor of London ) .   As a grandson of the first Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor , he is also in remainder to this peerage and its subsidiary titles .

negative: Richard Lloyd George, 2nd Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor Richard Lloyd George , 2nd Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor ( 15 February 1889 -- 1 May 1968 ) was a British soldier and peer in the peerage of the United Kingdom , a member of the House of Lords from 1945 until his death .   The son of the Liberal prime minister David Lloyd George by his first wife , Margaret Owen , Lloyd George was educated at Portmadoc School and Christ 's College , Cambridge , graduating BA in 1910 . During the First World War he was commissioned into the Royal Engineers and rose to the rank of Major . He became an associate member of the Institution of Civil Engineers and served in the British Army again during the Second World War .   On 7 April 1917 Lloyd George married Roberta McAlpine ( 1898 -- 1966 ) , a daughter of Sir Robert McAlpine , 1st Baronet . They had two children , Valerie Davidia ( 1918 -- 2000 ) and Owen ( 1924 -- 2010 ) , before being divorced in 1933 . In 1935 Lloyd George married secondly Winifred Emily Peedle , a daughter of Thomas W. Peedle .   On 1 January 1945 his father was created Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor , and he gained the courtesy title of Viscount Gwynedd . Less than three months later , on 26 March 1945 , his father died of cancer and he inherited his peerage , unusually becoming the first member of the family to sit in the House of Lords , as David Lloyd George had been too ill to do so .   He wrote a biography of his mother , `` Dame Margaret '' .

negative: George Lloyd, 1st Baron Lloyd George Ambrose Lloyd , 1st Baron Lloyd ( 19 September 1879 -- 4 February 1941 ) was a British Conservative politician strongly associated with the `` Diehard '' wing of the party .

negative: 1922 Dissolution Honours The 1922 Dissolution Honours List was issued on 19 October 1922 at the advice of outgoing Prime Minister David Lloyd George .

negative: Norman Page Norman Page ( born in Nottingham , Nottinghamshiredied 4 July 1935 in London ) was a British actor . He is best known for his portrayal of David Lloyd George , Prime Minister during the First World War , in the 1918 film The Life Story of David Lloyd George which is believed to be the first ever feature length political biopic .

negative: National Liberal Party (UK, 1922) The National Liberal Party , was a liberal political party in the United Kingdom from 1922 to 1923 . It was created as a formal party organisation for those Liberals , led by Prime Minister David Lloyd George , who supported the Coalition Government ( 1918-22 ) and subsequently a revival of the Coalition , after it ceased holding office . It was a formal breakaway from the Liberal Party . It was wound up in 1923 when Lloyd George agreed a merger with the Liberal Party .

negative: Newport by-election, 1922 The Newport by-election , 1922 was by-election held in the parliamentary constituency of Newport on 18 October 1922 . The by-election attracted especial attention , both at the time and since , as it was seen as a crucial electoral test of the viability of the Lloyd George Coalition Government , formed of followers of David Lloyd George with the Conservative Party , the latter of which contained an increasing number of members who wished to leave the coalition and regain the party 's independence .

negative: Independent Liberals (UK, 1931) At the 1931 general election , a small group of official Liberal candidates led by former Liberal Party leader , David Lloyd George , and mostly related to him , stood on a platform of opposition to the National Government and were sometimes referred to as Independent Liberals .

negative: George Lloyd George Lloyd may refer to :  George Lloyd , 1st Baron Lloyd ( 1879 -- 1941 ) , British politician  George Lloyd ( politician ) ( 1815 -- 1897 ) , member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly  George Lloyd ( bishop of Chester ) ( 1561 -- 1615 ) , Bishop of Sodor and Man and Bishop of Chester , 1605 -- 1614  George Lloyd ( bishop of Saskatchewan ) ( 1861 -- 1940 ) , Bishop of Saskatchewan , 1922 -- 1931  George Lloyd ( actor ) ( 1892 -- 1967 ) , American actor  George Lloyd ( composer ) ( 1913 -- 1998 ) , British composer  George Butler Lloyd , British Member of Parliament for Shrewsbury , 1913 -- 1922  George Lloyd ( aviator ) ( 1892 -- 1955 ) , World War I flying ace  George Lloyd ( footballer ) ( fl . 1901 -- 1908 ) , English association football player  George Lloyd ( scholar ) ( 1708 -- 1783 ) , English Fellow of the Royal Society  Peter Lloyd ( aviator ) ( George Alfred Lloyd , born 1920 ) , Australian sports aviator  George Lloyd ( archaeologist ) ( 1820 -- 1885 ) , English Anglican curate and archaeologist

negative: Albert James Sylvester Albert James Sylvester ( 24 November 1889 -- 27 October 1989 ) served as Principal Private Secretary to British politician David Lloyd George from 1923 until Lloyd George 's death in March 1945 .   A native of Harlaston , Staffordshire , Sylvester served as private secretary to the Secretary to the Committee of Imperial Defence , 1914 -- 1921 , to the Secretary of the War Cabinet and the Cabinet , 1916 -- 1921 , to the Secretary of the Imperial War Cabinet , 1917 , to the British Secretary of the Peace Conference , 1919 , and to three successive Prime Ministers , 1921-3 : Lloyd George , Bonar Law and Stanley Baldwin . He ran Lloyd George 's private office in London .   After Lloyd George 's death , A. J. Sylvester earned his living as a member of Lord Beaverbrook 's staff from 1945 until 1948 , and spent a further year as unpaid assistant to Liberal Party leader , Clement Davies .   In 1947 , he published The Real Lloyd George , based on his diaries . In 1949 , he retired from political life , and moved to a farm at Corsham , Wiltshire , England , where he served as JP . His ambition to publish a full-scale autobiography , upon which he was actively engaged in extreme old age , never came to fruition . His papers provide an insight into the life of Lloyd George after his fall from power in 1922 .

negative: The Maurice Debate The Maurice Debate was a debate in the British House of Commons which took place on 9 May 1918 , during the First World War . A senior British Army officer , Major-General Sir Frederick Maurice , made public the spectacular allegation that the War Cabinet had deliberately held British soldiers back from the Western Front , and had lied to Parliament about it . The leader of the Liberal Party , H. H. Asquith , took up the allegations and attacked Prime Minister David Lloyd George , also a Liberal . It ripped apart the Liberal Party . While Asquith 's attack was ineffective , Lloyd George vigorously defended his position , treating the debate like a vote of confidence . He won over the House with a powerful , if misleading , speech , refuting all of Maurice 's allegations . The debate did not cause the profound split in the Liberal Party , but did make it more visible and harder to heal . The main results were to strengthen Lloyd George , weaken Asquith , end public criticism of overall strategy , and strengthen civilian control of the military .

negative: David Lloyd (Welsh politician) David Rees `` Dai '' Lloyd ( born 2 December 1956 in Tywyn , Gwynedd ) is a Welsh politician . He has a wife Catherine , and they have 3 children . He was the Plaid Cymru National Assembly for Wales Member for South Wales West from 1999 to 2011 . and was returned as Plaid Cymru National Assembly for Wales Member for South Wales West in the National Assembly for Wales election , 2016 .   Dr Lloyd is currently Plaid Cymru 's Shadow Secretary for Culture and Infrastructure , as well as being Chair of the Plaid Cymru Assembly Group and Chair of the National Assembly for Wales ' Health , Social Care , and Sport Committee .

negative: Russell George Russell Ian George ( born 1974 ) is a Conservative Party politician and was elected as the Montgomeryshire Assembly Member in the National Assembly for Wales at the May 2011 election .

negative: William Lloyd George, 3rd Viscount Tenby William Lloyd George , 3rd Viscount Tenby , JP ( born 7 November 1927 ) is a British peer and former Army officer .   Lord Tenby was elected one of the initial ninety hereditary peers to remain in the House of Lords after the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999 until his retirement in 2015 .

negative: Lloyd George's Beer Song Lloyd George 's Beer Song is a World War I era song written and composed by R.P. Weston and Bert Lee . The song is a response , or rather a good-natured complaint , against David Lloyd George 's actions to reduce alcohol consumption during wartime .

negative: Alan Williams (Swansea West MP) Alan John Williams ( 14 October 1930 -- 21 December 2014 ) was a British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Swansea West from 1964 to 2010 . He was the longest serving MP for a Welsh constituency since David Lloyd George and built a reputation for his detailed scrutiny of the ways in which public money was spent .

negative: Margaret Owen Margaret Owen may refer to :  Margaret Owen ( actress ) , American burlesque actress and decoy  Margaret Lloyd George ( née Owen , 1864 -- 1941 ) , wife of David Lloyd George  Margaret Ursula Jones ( née Owen , 1916 -- 2001 ) , British archaeologist

negative: Margaret George (disambiguation) Margaret George may refer to :   Margaret George ( born 1943 ) , historical novelist  Margaret George Shello ( 1941 -- 1969 ) , Assyrian guerrilla fighter  Margaret H. George ( born 1928 ) , American author and former politician  Margaret Lloyd George ( 1866 -- 1941 ) , first wife of British Prime Minister David Lloyd George

negative: Merchant Shipping Act 1906 Introduced in 1906 by David Lloyd George , then President of the Board of Trade , the Merchant Shipping Act established regulations covering the standards of food and accommodation on British registered ships . It was part of a number of acts introduced by David Lloyd George , and later Winston Churchill , as President of the Board of Trade , to improve conditions for workers .

negative: Montgomeryshire (UK Parliament constituency) Montgomeryshire ( Sir Drefaldwyn ) is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . Created in 1542 , it elects one Member of Parliament ( MP ) , traditionally known as the knight of the shire , by the first-past-the-post system of election .   The Montgomeryshire Welsh Assembly constituency was created with the same boundaries in 1999 .   It is the only constituency in Wales never to have elected a Labour MP .

negative: Lloyd George Knew My Father (song) `` Lloyd George Knew My Father '' is a 20th-century English schoolboy folk song . The simple lyrics consist of the phrase `` Lloyd George knew my father/Father knew Lloyd George '' sung to the tune `` Onward , Christian Soldiers '' . In the schoolboy song , the two lines referring to Lloyd George are repeated incessantly , typically by groups of schoolboys on a bus or similar setting , until boredom sets in . There are no lyrics other than those two lines . The song gains much of its notoriety from the irony inevitable in the clash between the song 's flippant lyrics and Sabine Baring-Gould 's classic hymn from which Arthur Sullivan 's tune is inextricable . It is also commonly sung to the tune of `` Land of Hope and Glory '' .   The origin of the song is not known but there are several theories , one that it began as a music hall song making an oblique reference to David Lloyd George 's supposed womanizing proclivities ( with the right timing and intonation and a well-placed wink , `` father '' could be taken to mean that the singer was the product of a liaison between his mother and Lloyd George ) . The Oxford Dictionary of Political Quotations attributes the song to Tommy Rhys Roberts QC , the son of a former law partner of Lloyd George . According to David Owen , it was a World War I marching song .

negative: David Cameron David William Donald Cameron ( -LSB- ˈkæmrən , _ - mərən -RSB- born 9 October 1966 ) is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2010 to 2016 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 2005 to 2016 . He was Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Witney from 2001 to 2016 . Cameron identifies as a One-Nation Conservative , and has been associated with both economically liberal and socially liberal policies .   Born in London to wealthy upper middle-class parents , Cameron was educated at Heatherdown School , Eton College , and Brasenose College , Oxford . From 1988 to 1993 he worked at the Conservative Research Department , assisting the Conservative Prime Minister John Major , before leaving politics to work for Carlton Communications in 1994 . Becoming an MP in 2001 , he served in the opposition shadow cabinet under Conservative leader Michael Howard , succeeding Howard in 2005 . Cameron sought to rebrand the Conservatives , embracing an increasingly socially liberal position . The 2010 general election led to Cameron becoming Prime Minister as the head of a coalition government with the Liberal Democrats . His premiership was marked by the ongoing effects of the late-2000s financial crisis ; these involved a large deficit in government finances that his government sought to reduce through austerity measures . His administration introduced large-scale changes to welfare , immigration policy , education , and healthcare . It privatised the Royal Mail and some other state assets , and legalised same-sex marriage .   Internationally , his government militarily intervened in the Libyan Civil War and later authorised the bombing of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant ; domestically , his government oversaw the referendum on voting reform and Scottish independence referendum , both of which confirmed Cameron 's favoured outcome . When the Conservatives secured an unexpected majority in the 2015 general election he remained as Prime Minister , this time leading a Conservative-only government . To fulfil a manifesto pledge , he introduced a referendum on the UK 's continuing membership of the EU . Cameron supported continued membership ; following the success of the Leave vote , he resigned to make way for a new Prime Minister and was succeeded by Theresa May .   Cameron has been praised for modernising the Conservative Party and for decreasing the United Kingdom 's national deficit . Conversely , he has been criticised by figures on both the left and right , and has been accused of political opportunism and elitism .