query: Kareem Abdul-Jabbar is not ranked 3rd all-time in blocks.

positive: Kareem Abdul-Jabbar Kareem Abdul-Jabbar ( born Ferdinand Lewis Alcindor Jr. ; April 16 , 1947 ) is an American retired professional basketball player who played 20 seasons in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) for the Milwaukee Bucks and the Los Angeles Lakers . During his career as a center , Abdul-Jabbar was a record six-time NBA Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) , a record 19-time NBA All-Star , a 15-time All-NBA selection , and an 11-time NBA All-Defensive Team member . A member of six NBA championship teams as a player and two as an assistant coach , Abdul-Jabbar twice was voted NBA Finals MVP . In 1996 , he was honored as one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History . NBA coach Pat Riley and players Isiah Thomas and Julius Erving have called him the greatest basketball player of all time .   After winning 71 consecutive basketball games on his high school team in New York City , Alcindor attended college at UCLA , where he played for coach John Wooden on three consecutive national championship basketball teams and was a record three-time MVP of the NCAA Tournament . Drafted by the one-season-old Bucks franchise in the 1969 NBA draft with the first overall pick , Alcindor spent six seasons in Milwaukee . After winning his first NBA championship in 1971 , he adopted the Muslim name Kareem Abdul-Jabbar at age 24 . Using his trademark `` skyhook '' shot , he established himself as one of the league 's top scorers . In 1975 , he was traded to the Lakers , with whom he played the last 14 seasons of his career and won five additional NBA championships . Abdul-Jabbar 's contributions were a key component in the `` Showtime '' era of Lakers basketball . Over his 20-year NBA career his team succeeded in making the playoffs 18 times and past the 1st round in 14 of them ; his team reached the NBA Finals 10 times .   At the time of his retirement in 1989 , Abdul-Jabbar was the NBA 's all-time leader in points scored ( 38,387 ) , games played ( 1,560 ) , minutes played ( 57,446 ) , field goals made ( 15,837 ) , field goal attempts ( 28,307 ) , blocked shots ( 3,189 ) , defensive rebounds ( 9,394 ) , career wins ( 1,074 ) , and personal fouls ( 4,657 ) . He remains the all-time leading scorer in the NBA , and player with most career wins . He is ranked 3rd all-time in both rebounds and blocks . In 2007 , ESPN voted him the greatest center of all time , in 2008 , they named him the `` greatest player in college basketball history '' , and in 2016 , they named him the second best player in NBA history ( behind Michael Jordan ) . Abdul-Jabbar has also been an actor , a basketball coach , and a best-selling author . In 2012 , he was selected by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton to be a U.S. global cultural ambassador . In 2016 , he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama .

negative: Syed Abdul Jabbar Shah Syed Abdul-Jabbar Shah Tirmizi , nephew of Syed Akbar Shah Tirmizi and great grand son of Pir Baba , was made ruler by a local Jirga and had trouble exercising power . Syed Abdul-Jabbar Shah Tirmizi become prime minister of State of Amb in late 1920 's .

negative: Parade All-America Boys Basketball Team The Parade All-America Boys Basketball Team was an annual selection by Parade that nationally honored the top high school boys basketball players in the United States . It was part of the Parade All-American series that originated with boys basketball before branching to other sports . Started by the Sunday magazine in 1957 , it had been the longest ongoing selection of high school basketball All-Americans in the country at the time of its final selections in 2015 . Many of the honorees went on to star as college and professional basketball players . As of March 2011 , there were 162 Parade All-Americans that were playing in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) .   At its onset , the selections were handled by a New York-based public relations firm , Publicity Enterprises , which was led by Haskell Cohen , who was a former sportswriter as well as the publicity director for the NBA at the time ( 1950 -- 1969 ) . The first All-America team in 1957 consisted of three five-player teams , and the first-team selections appeared on television on The Steve Allen Show . The following year , 20 players were selected and participated in the first annual Parade All-American high school game . The list later expanded to 40 of the nation 's top players , divided into four teams of 10 each . Kareem Abdul-Jabbar , known then as Lew Alcindor , became the first sophomore in 1963 to be named a Parade All-American . Earl Jones was the next to earn the distinction 15 years later as a sophomore , and subsequently joined Abdul-Jabbar as the first two players to be named to the first team on three occasions . `` It was a real thrill for me to make it on the Parade list early , when I was just a sophomore . The recognition is a great thing for kids to shoot for , '' said Abdul-Jabbar as part of the announcement for the 2000 team .   Starting in 2011 , the selections were compiled in conjunction with Sporting News and their writer , Brian McLaughlin . Candidates also began to be limited to players in their senior year . The selections went to a single-team format in 2012 , and the size was reduced from 40 to a 20-player first team in 2014 . McLaughlin described the selections as mostly Division I college-bound players that had a stellar senior year in high school . Additionally , Parade differentiated itself from most other All-American teams by not focusing solely on a player 's standing among college recruiters . For example , some selectors might choose top recruits that had been injured much of their senior year . Parade discontinued its boys basketball All-America selections after 2015 .

negative: Khan Abdul Bahram Khan Khan Abdul Bahram Khan was founder of major political family of Pakistan . Khan Abdul Bahram Khan 's sons Khan Abdul Jabbar Khan ( usually referred to as `` Dr. Khan Sahib '' ) and Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan were political leaders in Pakistan   Khan Abdul Bahram Khan was a land owner , farmer , and the chief of Pashtun tribe Mohammedzai in Charsadda , North-West Frontier Province , British India .

negative: 1991 NBA Finals The 1991 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1990 -- 91 NBA season . It was also the first NBA Finals broadcast by NBC after 17 years with CBS .   The documentary `` Learning to Fly , '' narrated by Jeff Kaye , recaps Chicago 's successful first championship season . The theme song is `` Learning to Fly '' by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers .   The Chicago Bulls of the Eastern Conference took on the Los Angeles Lakers of the Western Conference for the title , with Chicago having home court advantage . It was Michael Jordan 's first NBA Finals appearance , Magic Johnson 's last , and the last NBA Finals for the Lakers until 2000 . The Bulls would win the series , 4-1 . Jordan averaged 31.2 points on 56 % shooting , 11.4 assists , 6.6 rebounds , 2.8 steals and 1.4 blocks en route to his first NBA Finals MVP Award .   The series was not the first time that the Bulls and Lakers faced off in the playoffs . Prior to 1991 , they met for four postseason series ( 1968 , 1971 , 1972 and 1973 ) , all Lakers victories . Chicago was a member of the Western Conference at the time and moved into the East in 1981 . The 1991 Finals marked the first time the Bulls defeated the Lakers in a playoff series .   This series would mark the end of the Lakers Showtime era and the beginning of the Bulls ' dynasty . After winning five championships in eight finals appearances in the 1980s , the Lakers would struggle for the rest of the 1990s before winning five championships between the 1999-2000 and 2009-10 seasons .   The 1991 Lakers were led by Johnson , already in his thirties , playing in his last full year , as was fellow All-Star teammate James Worthy ; Kareem Abdul-Jabbar had retired two seasons earlier . The Bulls , led by NBA MVP Michael Jordan and superstar small forward Scottie Pippen , would win five more championships after 1991 in a seven-year span , cementing their status as a dynasty before struggling badly in a post-MJ era that saw them take several years to even become average .   When it was all said and done , Michael Jordan became only the third man in NBA history ( after George Mikan and Abdul-Jabbar ) to capture the scoring title and the NBA Finals Championship in the same season .   Until 2015 , the Bulls were the last team to win an NBA championship despite fielding a full roster lacking in championship or Finals experience . None of the Bulls players had logged even a minute of NBA Finals experience prior to this .

negative: Daily Awami Awaz Awami Awaz is a Sindhi daily newspaper and news TV channel in Pakistan . Its published form Karachi . Its Editors are Dr. Abdul Jabbar Khattak & Dr. Khair Mohammad Juno .   Power to Reach Sindh  عوامي حقن جي ترجمان ، ڪمپيوٽر تي پهرين مڪمل سنڌي اخبار  روزاني عوامي آواز ڪراچي

negative: Naeemi Naeemi is an Arabic surname . Notable people with the surname include :   Abdul Jabbar Naeemi , Afghan diplomat and politician  Sarfraz Ahmed Naeemi , Pakistani cleric   Category : Arabic-language surnames

negative: Shama Parveen Magsi Shama Parveen Magsi ( Urdu : -LSB- ) , ( born March 15 , 1950 ) is a politician from Balochistan , Pakistan . She was elected to Provincial Assembly of Balochistan and was appointed as Minister of Information Technology , Provincial Coordination on NGOs Program ( National / International ) and Universities . Shama Parveen Magsi is married to Nawab Zulfikar Ali Magsi former Chief Minister of Balochistan . Prince Abdul Karim Khan was her father . She earned her BA degree ( recently declared bogus and fake by the university ( Dawn News ) ) . Shama Parveen Magsi brother , Agha Irfan Kareem and his wife Rubina Irfan Kareem are also members of Provincial Assembly of Balochistan .

negative: Sana College of Information Science & Management Sana Educational Charitable Trust 's Sana College of Information Science & Management , Hubli , Karnataka State , India , began in 2003 under the guidance of Prof. Abdul Kareem and his team .   The Bachelor of Business Administration , Bachelor of Computer Applications , and Post Graduation Diploma in Computer Applications are affiliated to Karnataka University Dharwad .

negative: Bill Russell NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Award The Bill Russell NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Award ( formerly known as the NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Award ) is an annual National Basketball Association ( NBA ) award given since the 1969 NBA Finals . The award is decided by a panel of nine media members , who cast votes after the conclusion of the Finals . The person with the highest votes wins the award . In at least one NBA Finals , fans balloting on NBA.com accounted for the tenth vote . The award was originally a black trophy with a gold basketball-shaped sphere at the top , similar to the Larry O'Brien Trophy , until a new trophy was introduced in 2005 .   Since its inception , the award has been given to 30 different players . Michael Jordan is a record six-time award winner . Magic Johnson , Shaquille O'Neal , Tim Duncan and LeBron James won the award three times in their careers . Jordan and O'Neal are the only players to win the award in three consecutive seasons ( Jordan accomplished the feat on two separate occasions ) . Johnson is the only rookie ever to win the award , as well as the youngest at 20 years old . Andre Iguodala is the only winner to have not started every game in the series . Jerry West , the first ever awardee , is the only person to win the award while being on the losing team in the NBA Finals . Willis Reed , Kareem Abdul-Jabbar , Larry Bird , Hakeem Olajuwon and Kobe Bryant won the award twice . Olajuwon , Bryant , and James have won the award in two consecutive seasons . Abdul-Jabbar and James are the only players to win the award for two different teams . Olajuwon of Nigeria , who became a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1993 , Tony Parker of France , and Dirk Nowitzki of Germany are the only international players to win the award . Duncan is an American citizen , but is considered an `` international '' player by the NBA because he was not born in one of the fifty states or Washington , D.C. Parker and Nowitzki are the only winners to have been trained totally outside the U.S. ; Olajuwon played college basketball at Houston and Duncan at Wake Forest . Cedric Maxwell is the only Finals MVP winner eligible for the Hall of Fame who has not been voted in .   On February 14 , 2009 , during the 2009 NBA All-Star Weekend in Phoenix , then-NBA Commissioner David Stern announced that the award would be renamed the `` Bill Russell NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Award '' in honor of 11-time NBA champion Bill Russell .

negative: Tafsir Urwa-Tul-Wusqa Tafsir Urwa-Tul-Wusqa is a tafsir ( Islamic exegesis ) claiming to disprove the virgin birth of Jesus by reference to Quranic verses . This contradicts traditional Islamic views of Jesus and of Mary . The text was written in Urdu by Abdul Kareem Asri , and Ahl-i Hadith scholar from Gujrat City , Pakistan . It incorporates the ideology of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan with traditional Ahl-i Hadith thought .

negative: Din Mohammad Hajji Din Mohammad is a politician , writer and a Pashtun tribal leader in eastern Afghanistan who first served as the Governor of Nangarhar Province followed by Governor of Kabul Province . He comes from a distinguished Pashtun family `` Arsala '' which has served the Afghan nation for more than 150 years . `` Arsala '' family is part of the `` JabarKhel '' ( a subtribe of the land-owning Ahmadzai tribe ) . He is also the elder brother of late Hajji Abdul Qadir and Abdul Haq His great-grandfather , Wazir Arsala Khan , served as Foreign Minister of Afghanistan in 1869 . One of Arsala Khan 's descendents , Taj Mohammad Khan , was a general at the Battle of Maiwand . Another descendent , Abdul Jabbar Khan , was Afghanistan 's first Ambassador to Russia .

negative: Utmanzai, Charsadda Utmanzai is a town in Charsadda District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan . It is one of the eight main villages of Hashtnagar ( one of the two constituent parts of Charsadda District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ) . Utmanzai is the birthplace of famous Pakhtun leader and Frontier Gandhi , Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan ( famously known as Bacha Khan ) . Among other notable political figures , educationalists and thinkers who belong to this village are Khan Abdul Ghani Khan , Khan Abdul Wali Khan , Khan Abdul Ali Khan , Khan Abdul Jabbar Khan ( known as Doctor Khan Saib ) , Major General Akbar Khan , Nisar Muhammad Khan and Lieutenant General Imran Ullah Khan .  Utmanzai , is the centre of regional and national politics because it is the birthplace of Khudai Khidmatgar Tehreek , a movement which played a crucial role in the struggle against British Raj .  It is located at 34 ° 22 ' 24N 71 ° 45 ' 33E with an altitude of 390 metres ( 1282 feet ) and lies to the north of Charsadda city .

negative: Abdul Hadi Abdul Khattab Brigadier General ( R ) Datuk Abdul Hadi Abdul Khatab is a new politician Pakatan Rakyat . He is a retired high-ranking air force officer Royal Malaysian Air Force ( RMAF ) more 30 years .


query: Sky UK is a company.

positive: Sky UK Sky UK Limited ( formerly British Sky Broadcasting and BSkyB ) is a telecommunications company which serves the United Kingdom . Sky provides television and broadband internet services , fixed line and mobile telephone services to consumers and businesses in the United Kingdom . It is the UK 's largest  pay-TV broadcaster with 11 million customers as of 2015 . It was the UK 's most popular digital TV service until it was overtaken by Freeview in April 2007 . Its corporate headquarters are in Isleworth .   Formed in November 1990 by the equal merger of Sky Television and British Satellite Broadcasting , Sky became the UK 's largest digital subscription television company . Following Sky 's 2014 acquisition of Sky Italia and a majority 90.04 % interest in Sky Deutschland in November 2014 , its holding company British Sky Broadcasting Group plc changed its name to Sky plc. . The UK subsidiary 's name was changed from British Sky Broadcasting Limited to Sky UK Limited , and continues to trade as Sky .   Sky UK Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sky plc , with its current company directors being Andrew Griffith and Christopher Taylor . Griffith acts as the Chief Financial Officer ( CFO ) and the Managing Director for the commercial businesses division .

negative: Sky Television Sky Television may refer to :   Sky plc , a pan-European broadcasting company ( formerly British Sky Broadcasting ( BSkyB ) )  Sky UK , a television and radio platform run by Sky plc  Sky Ireland , a satellite television service in Ireland run by Sky plc  Sky Deutschland , a satellite television service in Germany run by Sky plc  Sky Italia , an Italian digital satellite television service run by Sky plc  Sky Television plc , a four-channel network launched by Rupert Murdoch in 1989 ; merged with British Satellite Broadcasting to form BSkyB  Sky Television ( New Zealand ) , a pay TV network in New Zealand  SKY Perfect JSAT Group  SKY PerfecTV ! , in Japan  Sky México , in Mexico  SKY Brasil , in Brazil  Sky Turk 360 , a Turkish television service  Sky ( cable company ) , a Philippines  iNews TV Palembang , an Indonesian television station formerly known as Sky News Palembang

negative: Sky Broadband Sky Broadband is broadband service offered by Sky UK in the United Kingdom . With the introduction of Sky Fibre , Sky Broadband now refers to ADSL broadband products .

negative: Sky and Space Global Sky and Space Global ( UK ) Ltd is a British public company planning a constellation of 200 nanosatellites in equatorial Low Earth orbit for narrowband communications that it expects will cost $ 160 million or less to complete in total . Satellites will feature inter-satellite links and the capability to autonomously monitor and manage satellite health and the in-orbit communications network . The company which is traded on the Australian Securities Exchange has branches in the United Kingdom , Israel and Poland .

negative: Acetrax Acetrax is a video on demand company which was founded in the UK and Switzerland and incorporated as a Swiss company in Zürich in 2006  and which was bought by Sky .  The company provides over-the-top ( OTT ) content in Europe , for connected TVs . They claim to have their contents on TVs in 282 million households , in 48 countries .  It is understood that Sky 's acquisition of Acetrax in May 2012 will provide the Sky customers who do not currently subscribe to pay TV - with films and music . The move seen as part of the satellite broadcaster 's move into the internet TV market .   The gross assets of Acetrax stood at # 2.3 million as of December 31 , 2011 , according to Sky .   Acetrax will cease operation as of June 21 , 2013 .

negative: Sky News Sky News is a 24-hour international multimedia news company based in the U.K. Originally a 24-hour television news channel , Sky News currently provides news on television , online , and on a range of mobile devices . Sky News emphasises breaking news . John Ryley is the Head of Sky News , a role he has held since June 2006 .   Other versions of Sky News are operated as joint-ventures . These include Sky News Australia ( no longer directly owned by Sky News as of December 2016 ) and Sky News Arabia . A channel called Sky News International , with the same news content but without British adverts , is available in Europe , Africa , Asia and the United States . Sky News Radio provides national and international news to commercial radio stations in the UK and to other English-language stations around the world . Sky News also provides content to Yahoo! News . The channel is available on Apple TV , Roku and YouTube .

negative: Sky Sports Sky Sports is a group of sports television channels operated by the satellite pay-TV company Sky plc. . Sky Sports is the dominant subscription television sports brand in the United Kingdom and Ireland . It has played a major role in the increased commercialisation of British sport since 1991 , sometimes playing a large role in inducing organisational changes in the sports it broadcasts , most notably when it encouraged the Premier League to break away from The Football League in 1992 .   Sky Sports 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 and 5 are available as a premium package on top of the basic Sky package . These channels are also available as premium on nearly every satellite , cable and IPTV broadcasting system in the UK and Ireland . Sky Sports News HQ and Sky Sports Mix are both provided as part of basic packages . The Sky Sports network is managed by Barney Francis .

negative: Sky Cinema Sky Cinema ( formerly Sky Movies ) is the collective name for the premium subscription television film channels operated in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland by Sky plc. . The UK and Ireland channels have over 5 million subscribers , via satellite , cable and IPTV . In addition to the television channels , it has an interactive ` red button ' service , a website ( sky.com/movies ) and in 2005 launched a 3G mobile service via Vodafone .   In 2016 , Sky plc rebranded its television film channel operations under one single Sky Cinema branding : on 8 July 2016 , the channels in the UK and Ireland were rebranded from Sky Movies to Sky Cinema ; on 22 September in Germany and Austria , the Sky Cinema brand ( originally used for the flagship channel ) was extended to other channels in the group formerly known as Sky Film ; the Italian Sky Cinema channels followed suit on 5 November by adopting the brand packages introduced in the UK and Ireland earlier .

negative: Sky News Radio Sky News Radio is the radio arm of the Sky News division of Sky UK . It has been operating since June 1999 , providing a news bulletin service for UK commercial radio stations operators across the UK and for a number of English-speaking radio stations across the world .

negative: Sky Betting & Gaming Sky Betting & Gaming is a British-based gambling company , owned by CVC Capital Partners and Sky plc , with headquarters in Leeds , West Yorkshire and offices in Sheffield , London , Guernsey and Rome . Sky Betting & Gaming consists of five core brands : Sky Bet , Sky Vegas , Sky Casino , Sky Poker and Sky Bingo . Also under its umbrella is leading online betting odds comparison site Oddschecker . Sky Betting & Gaming also operates popular , free-to-enter football prediction game Soccer Saturday Super 6 and Sky Sports Fantasy Football .   On 4 December 2014 , it was announced that Sky would sell a majority stake in the company to CVC Capital Partners , valued at # 800 million . The sale was completed on 19 March 2015 , with Sky retaining a 20 % stake in the company and agreeing a long-term licence of the Sky brand .

negative: Sky+ Sky + , or Sky Plus , is a personal video recorder ( PVR ) service for Sky in the UK . Launched in mid 2001 , it allows the user to record , pause and instantly rewind live TV . The system performs these functions using an internal hard drive inside the Sky + set top box . Its chief competitors in the UK market are the Freeview + , Freesat + , BT Vision , and Virgin Media 's V + .   In the Republic of Ireland , Sky + competes with Virgin Media Horizon TV and Saorview . As of 30 September 2009 , there were 5.9 million customers with Sky + .   The # 10 per month subscription fee was discontinued for subscribers from 1 July 2007 , but will continue for Freesat from Sky use .

negative: Sky Sports F1 Sky Sports F1 is a television channel created exclusively for Sky 's UK coverage of Formula One , with Sky having a package of UK rights from the 2012 season to the 2018 season . From 2019 to 2024 , Sky Sports F1 will have the exclusive rights to live Formula 1 , and will sub-licence the British Grand Prix plus highlights and qualifying sessions of all races on a free-to-air basis on a free to air channel , expected to be Sky Sports Mix . From 2017 , Sky Sports F1 will broadcast Formula 1 in UHD for the first time .

negative: Freesat from Sky Freesat from Sky is a British satellite television service from Sky UK . It offers over 240 free-to-air ( FTA ) channels in its EPG . This is a greater number than its competitors , Freesat , which has 180 + , and Freeview , which has 50 + .  It also has up to six HD channels and Sky Active interactive data service .   Despite the benefits , Sky does not actively promote Freesat from Sky ( FsfS ) . Sky also has a pay TV service which is heavily promoted and is the UK 's most popular pay TV service .

negative: Sky Italia Sky Italia is an Italian digital satellite television platform owned by Sky plc. . It is similar in many ways to Sky in the United Kingdom and Sky Ireland in Ireland , which is partly owned by 21st Century Fox , and like that network it is a major sports broadcaster .   Pay TV services on Sky Italia are encrypted in NDS VideoGuard . The VideoGuard set-top boxes that have been provided since July 2010 are identical to the Sky + HD boxes used in the UK . Pace , Amstrad ( itself owned by Sky ) and Thomson , all Digibox licensors , have been producing Sky Italia boxes ( Sky Box , Sky HD , My Sky and My Sky HD ) identical to their Sky Digital , Sky + and Sky + HD offerings , albeit with the potential removal of the second card slot and UHF modulator .

negative: Odeon Sky Filmworks Odeon Sky Filmworks is a joint venture between Odeon Cinemas and British Sky Broadcasting designed to bring film titles to UK audiences in cinemas and at home .   Called ` Odeon and Sky Filmworks ' ( FILMWORKS ) , the collaboration between SKY and ODEON will act as a UK-based film distributor , signing up titles directly from filmmakers . Filmworks plans initially to sign up to six films for release per year . Films will have a theatrical release at ODEON , as well as at other cinema chains , prior to DVD retail ( including ODEON foyer sales ) and DVD rental ( including ODEON Direct ) . Sky will retain all UK TV rights -- and will make the films available to Sky viewers across its download service -- Sky Movies By Broadband , as well as Sky Box Office , before their UK Television Premiere on Sky Movies .

negative: Sky Living Sky Living is a television channel in the United Kingdom and Ireland , owned and operated by Sky plc. .   The channel was launched as UK Living on 1 September 1993 . It was known as simply Living from 1997 to 2002 , as Living TV from 2002 to 2007 , and again as Living from 2007 to 2011 . British Sky Broadcasting took over the channel in 2010 , and rebranded it as Sky Living on 1 February 2011 .   The channel 's programming was originally aimed mainly at women and young adults . More recently , with shows such as CSI : Crime Scene Investigation , Boston Legal and The Blacklist , the channel has broadened its audience reach to a wider range of demographics , including men aged 18 -- 45 .

negative: Sky Cinema (disambiguation) Sky Cinema may refer to :  Sky Cinema , a group of film channels on Sky UK and Ireland , formerly Sky Movies  Sky Cinema , the previous name of two Sky Movies channels on Sky UK and Ireland from 1998 to 2007  Sky Cinema ( Germany ) , a group of German film channels on Sky Deutschland , formerly Sky Film  Sky Cinema , a flagship channel of Sky Cinema Germany , formerly Premiere 1 , 2 and 3  Sky Cinema ( Italy ) , a group of Italian film channels on Sky Italia

negative: Disney Cinemagic Disney Cinemagic is a pay cable movie channel owned by Walt Disney Company Limited ( UK ) operating primarily in European markets by Disney Channels Worldwide . Additionally , there are similar channels , run by Sky UK , Sky Cinema Disney , in the UK and Foxtel , Foxtel Movies Disney in Australia .

negative: SKY Brasil SKY Brasil is a company that operates a subscription television service in Brazil . It produces TV content , and owns several TV channels .

negative: Sky News Ireland Sky News Ireland was a regional version of Sky News broadcast in Ireland . The block was separate from Sky News UK and Sky News International . Sky News Ireland was broadcast from its studios in Dublin . The service was also available in the UK and around the world on Sky News Active service .

negative: Sky 1 Sky 1 is the British flagship channel operated and owned by Sky plc. . It is the general entertainment channel operated in the United Kingdom and Ireland .   Sky 1 launched across Europe on 26 April 1982 by founder Connor Baskey as Satellite Television and is the oldest non-terrestrial TV channel in the United Kingdom . In the UK , the channel is available via digital satellite on Sky , digital cable on Virgin Media , IPTV on TalkTalk TV and online via Sky Go . In Ireland , the channel is available via Sky Ireland , Virgin Media Ireland and eVision .   Sky 1 listings include some very popular broadcasts -- many imported from North America -- including 24 , Battlestar Galactica , Bones , Caprica , Fringe , Glee , House , Lie to Me , Lost , Prison Break , The Simpsons , Stargate ( SG-1 , Atlantis , and Universe ) , Touch , WWE Smackdown , and You , Me and the Apocalypse .

negative: Sky Ireland Sky Ireland Limited is a subsidiary of Sky plc and supplies television , internet and telephony services in Ireland .   Its corporate headquarters are in Dublin which were opened by Taoiseach Enda Kenny on 18 January 2013 . Sky 's broadband services have no cap and are unlimited .   Sky Ireland employs around 900 staff in Dublin .

negative: Sky Television plc Sky Television plc was a public limited company which operated a nine-channel satellite television service , launched by Rupert Murdoch 's News International on 5 February 1989 . Sky Television and its rival British Satellite Broadcasting suffered large financial losses and merged on 2 November 1990 to form British Sky Broadcasting ( BSkyB ) . Programming merger took effect on 1 December 1990 .

negative: Sky Deutschland Sky Deutschland AG , branded as Sky , is a German media company which operates a Direct Broadcast Satellite Pay TV platform in Germany , Austria and Switzerland ( through Teleclub ) offering a collection of basic and premium digital subscription television channels of different categories via satellite and cable television .   It was launched in 1991 as Premiere . The channel originally started as a single analogue channel on the Astra 1A satellite , showing films dubbed into German , as well as in original audio , live football matches from the German Bundesliga and Austrian Bundesliga ( and at one time the UEFA Cup ) , and documentaries and TV series . After the coming of the digital age , the service has since consisted of many channels with many new ones added over the years . On 4 July 2009 , the service and its channels were rebranded as `` Sky '' .   Sky Deutschland is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sky plc. . The programming service itself is provided by its subsidiary Sky Deutschland Fernsehen GmbH & Co. . KG ( formerly Premiere Fernsehen GmbH & Co. . KG ) . It topped 3,000,000 subscribers by the end of 2011 . As of Q2 2014 , Sky Deutschland has more than 4 million subscribers .

negative: Ocean Group International Ocean Group International is a private holding company founded in 2005 . Ocean Group 's activities include aviation , agriculture , corporate finance and fiduciary services , real estate , internet and mining . Geographically the company is active in Europe , the United States , and Russia . It focuses on the investment , creation and hands on operations of new businesses and the acquisition and restructuring of existing businesses in high growth sectors .   The business was set up by entrepreneurs Timur Sardarov and Oliver Ripley . Their companies included Ocean Sky UK , a jet air charter company in Europe . Ocean Sky sponsored the James Bond Movie Quantum of Solace , one of the largest film sponsorships in history . Ocean Sky UK was liquidated in 2012 .   The other companies inside Ocean Group include Natural Farming Ltd , a farming business operating arable and dairy operations in Southern Russia , and Black Ocean Group , a technology and internet holding company , active in operating and building companies in high growth markets , comprising sectors spanning video , e-commerce , social networking .

negative: Sky 2 Sky 2 is a British television channel originally launched in September 1996 and relaunched in December 2002 .

negative: Sky Media Group Sky Media Group is an Estonian company that owns and operates three Estonian-language and two Russian-language radio stations in Estonia . The company launched its first radio station , SKY Radio in 1995 . Three years later the company launched Estonia 's most successful commercial radio station Sky Plus .

negative: Sky Entertainment Sky Entertainment was a television channel owned by British Sky Broadcasting which was broadcast to the Scandinavian countries .   The channel was the result of an agreement between Telenor CTV and British Sky Broadcasting made in March 1997 , which meant Telenor would be able to broadcast two channels produced by BSkyB to their subscribers in Scandinavia .   Sky Entertainment was launched in September 1997 along with Sky News & Documentaries . It carried programming from several British channels , most notably those operated by Granada Sky Broadcasting . At launch , the channels carried were :   The channel shared its analogue transponder on Intelsat 707 with DR2 which was broadcasting between 5 p.m. and 1 a.m. , meaning the programmes of Granada Plus were n't available to analogue viewers .   The channels were broadcast on the 1 degree west frequency as a part of the CTV package .   After CMT Europe closed down in 1998 , it was replaced by Video Zone .

negative: Easynet Connect Easynet Connect was a UK-based Internet service provider . The Easynet Connect brand was founded on 7 January 2008 to focus on small-to-medium size companies with 11-249 employees . Easynet Connect 's core focus was as a business ISP , providing Internet access connectivity , colocation services and hybrid cloud computing services to small businesses and resellers in the UK . It was headquartered in London , with customer service and hosting centres in London and Somerset .   Easynet Connect was the sister company of Easynet Global Services , a network , hosting and cloud integration business servicing enterprises . Easynet ( including Easynet Connect ) was acquired by British Sky Broadcasting in 2006 .  On 21 July 2010 , British Sky Broadcasting reached an agreement over the proposed sale of Easynet Global Services , to Lloyds Development Capital ( LDC ) , a leading UK private equity company fully funded by the Lloyds Banking Group .   On 21 July 2010 , British Sky Broadcasting reached an agreement over the proposed sale of Easynet , to Lloyds Development Capital ( LDC ) , a leading UK private equity company fully funded by the Lloyds Banking Group .   In December 2013 the company was acquired by MDNX Group , one of the UK 's largest independent carrier integrators . Both Easynet Global Services and Easynet Connect were combined with MDNX existing brands to form a single organisation which now trades as Easynet . The acquisition was backed by Equistone Partners Europe Limited , one of Europe 's leading mid-market private equity managers , who hold a majority stake in the organisation . LDC has reinvested in the organisation to acquire a minority stake alongside the MDNX management .

negative: Sky Digital The Sky Digital brand is used in more than one country :  Sky UK - Digital television service for the United Kingdom operated by BSkyB and for the Republic of Ireland operated by Sky Ireland .  Sky Television ( New Zealand ) in New Zealand .

negative: Sky Active Sky Active is the brand name for interactive features on Sky Digital and is available in the UK and the Republic of Ireland . It enables a viewer to interact with TV content , respond to an advertisement or access internet-based services .   The service replaces Open ... . which helped launch Sky Digital 's interactive content , and launched many other features that viewers see today such as games , emailing and shopping via their TV .   It can be accessed by pressing the red button on a Sky Digital remote , while watching any Sky Digital Channel . Alternatively , there is an entry in the `` Interactive '' area of the EPG .

negative: Sky Living Loves Sky Living Loves was a British television channel owned by British Sky Broadcasting . It launched on 5 July 2010 and closed on 21 February 2012 . It was the sister channel of Sky Living and Sky Livingit .

negative: 365 Media Group 365 Media Group is sports media company employing over 100 people in Leeds , England and Cape Town , South Africa .   Between 2001 and October 2006 , the company was known as ukbetting plc and grew through the acquisition of a number of businesses including : ukbetting.com Ltd , PA Sporting Life Ltd , the UK assets of the Sportal and Sports.com , TEAMtalk Media Group plc and Rivals Digital Media Ltd. .   In January 2007 , 365 Media Group was itself acquired by British Sky Broadcasting and the company now operates as a division of Sky Sports . Later that year , in June 2007 , the company 's totalbet and ukbetting gaming brands were absorbed into Sky Bet , Sky 's own betting brand .   365 Media Group run a network of sports news and content websites , including TEAMtalk , PlanetF1.com , Football365 , sportinglife.com and Sportal . The company is also involved in content syndication to other media owners and mobile network operators .


query: Raja Hindustani was directed by Dharmesh Darshan in 1995.

positive: Raja Hindustani Raja Hindustani ( translation : Indian King ) is a 1996 Indian blockbuster Hindi-language drama romance film directed by Dharmesh Darshan . It tells the story of a cab driver hailing from a small town , who falls in love with a rich girl . Aamir Khan and Karisma Kapoor play the lead roles . Released on 15 November 1996 , it is a remake of the 1965 Hindi film Jab Jab Phool Khile starring Shashi Kapoor and Nanda . The film 's music is composed by Nadeem-Shravan with lyrics by Sameer . The film went on to win five Filmfare Awards including the awards for Best film and Best Actors , and seven Screen Awards .   Raja Hindustani was the third most commercially successful Hindi film of the 1990s . Made on a budget of 57.5 million , the film went on to gross 763.4 million worldwide , becoming the highest-grossing film of the year . The film 's music became popular and was successful especially in central and eastern states of India . Karisma Kapoor was complimented for her looks and performance as Aarti , a rich beautiful sensitive young girl full of dreams and desires . She won the Filmfare Best Actress Award for her role . The film was remade in Kannada as Naanu Naane in 2002 starring Upendra and Sakshi Shivanand in lead roles . The distribution rights are now owned by Red Chillies Entertainment .

negative: Dharmesh Darshan Dharmesh Darshan ( full name Dharmesh Darshan Sabharwal ) is an Indian filmmaker , film director and writer who works in Bollywood .

negative: Raja Muthirai Raja Muthirai is a 1995 Tamil language film directed by R. K. Selvamani . The film features Arun Pandian and Roja in lead roles whilst Raghuvaran , Napoleon and Silk Smitha play supporting roles .

negative: Raja Enga Raja Raja Enga Raja is a 1995 Tamil language drama film directed by T. Vijayasingaam . The film features Goundamani and Ramya Krishnan in lead roles . The film , had musical score by Ilaiyaraaja .

negative: Raja Simham Raja Simham is a 1995 Telugu action comedy film directed by K. Raghavendra Rao and produced by Ch.V . Appa Rao . The film stars Rajasekhar , Ramya Krishna and Soundarya in the lead roles . The music was composed by Raj-Koti .

negative: Ek Hindustani Ek Hindustani is an Indian action film which released on 1 October 2003 . The film was directed by Tinnu Anand . It starred Sunil Shetty and Raveena Tandon in lead roles .

negative: Pokiri Raja Pokiri Raja is a 1995 Tollywood action drama film directed by A. Kodandarami Reddy and produced by A.Venkat Rami Reddy on L V S Productions . Venkatesh , Roja , Pratibha Sinha and Ali played the lead roles and music composed by Raj-Koti . Venkatesh played a dual role in the film . It was a remake of the Hindi film Aankhen . The film was Average at the box office .

negative: Gharana Bullodu Gharana Bullodu is a 1995 Telugu film produced by K. Krishna Mohan Rao on RK Film Associates , directed by K. Raghavendra Rao . Starring Akkineni Nagarjuna , Ramya Krishna , Aamani played the lead roles and music composed by M.M. Keeravani . The film recorded as Super Hit at box-office . The movie was later dubbed in Hindi as Rangeela Raja and in Tamil as Killadi Raja .

negative: Mela (2000 film) Mela ( मेला meaning : Fair ) is a 2000 Indian action masala film directed by Dharmesh Darshan . It stars Aamir Khan , his real-life brother Faisal Khan , and Twinkle Khanna . It was one of the biggest box-office failures of the year 2000 .

negative: Dhadkan Dhadkan ( Heartbeat ) is a 2000 Indian romantic drama film , directed by Dharmesh Darshan . It features Suniel Shetty , Shilpa Shetty and Akshay Kumar in the lead roles , while Mahima Chaudhary makes an extended guest appearance . The film deals with the love triangle . The film was a critical as well as commercial success and was the fourth highest-grossing movie of the year . Sunil Shetty won a Filmfare Best Villain Award for his performance .

negative: Hero Hindustani Hero Hindustani is a 1998 Indian film directed by Aziz Sejawal . It stars Arshad Warsi and Namrata Shirodkar .

negative: Raja (1995 film) Raja is an Indian Bollywood movie released on 22 June 1995 , starring Madhuri Dixit , Sanjay Kapoor , Paresh Rawal , Mukesh Khanna and Dalip Tahil . The film was Sanjay Kapoor 's second film after his debut Prem with Tabu in Bollywood . Prem was a flop , but this film , though panned by critics to have many flaws did excellent business in Bollywood . Its success was attributed to Sanjay Kapoor 's delicious good looks and Madhuri Dixit because of her ardent fans . It was the fourth highest grosser of the year at the box office Madhuri Dixit received a Filmfare Best Actress Award nomination , and won the Star Screen Award Best Actress for the year .

negative: Bewafaa (2005 film) Bewafaa ( Unfaithful ) is a 2005 Indian musical romantic drama film starring Akshay kumar , Anil Kapoor , Kareena Kapoor , Manoj Bajpayee , Sushmita Sen , Shamita Shetty and Kabir Bedi . The film is directed by Dharmesh Darshan who had earlier directed films like Raja Hindustani ( 1996 ) and Dhadkan ( 2000 ) . Bewafaa tells the story of changing morals and values in a fast-changing world , with the tagline `` When cultures meet . '' Bewafaa was produced by Boney Kapoor , with music composed by Nadeem-Shravan . It borrows a lot of elements from the 1963 film Gumrah , and the Telugu hit Abhinandana . The movie was presented by Sahara Group .

negative: Lootere Lootere is a 1993 Bollywood action movie , written and directed by Dharmesh Darshan and produced by Suneel Darshan . The film featured Sunny Deol and Juhi Chawla in lead roles , along with Naseeruddin Shah , Anupam Kher and Chunky Pandey in supporting roles . The film was one of the highest-grossing films of the year .

negative: Ahankaar Ahankaar is a 1995 Hindi-language Indian feature film directed by Ashim Samanta , starring Mithun Chakraborty , Mamta Kulkarni , Mohnish Bahl , Prem Chopra and Gulshan Grover

negative: Jai Vikraanta Jai Vikraanta is a 1995 Bollywood Action film directed and produced by Sultan Ahmed . The film features Sanjay Dutt , Zeba Bakhtiyar and Amrish Puri as main characters .

negative: Hum Hindustani Hum Hindustani ( Translation We , the Indians ) is a 1960 Hindi movie produced by Sashadhar Mukherjee and directed by Ram Mukherjee . The film stars Sunil Dutt , Joy Mukherjee , Asha Parekh , Jagirdar , Helen , Leela Chitnis , Agha , Prem Chopra and Sanjeev Kumar in his debut . The film is a remake of 1952 Bengali movie Basu Paribar . The film about clash of Indian feudalism and modern youth during in the Nehruvian era , symbolished by the song , `` Chodo Kal Ki Baatein '' ( Let go old stories ) sung by Mukesh , with music by Usha Khanna and written by IPTA poet , Prem Dhawan .   The films music is by Usha Khanna . The film did `` above average '' business at the box office , Helen said in an interview that she was n't offered character roles after this film , until later in career and was typecast as a dancer .

negative: Chatrapati Singh Raja Chatrapati Singh ( 1919 -- 1998 ) was an Indian percussionist . He was famous for his virtuosity on Pakhavaj drums used in Hindustani Classical Music .

negative: Aap Ki Khatir Aap Ki Khatir is a term in Hindi meaning `` just for your sake '' . It is the title of three Hindi movies :   Aap Ki Khatir ( 1977 film ) , a Bollywood film directed by Sudhendu Roy  Aap Ki Khatir ( 1980 film ) , see Pakistani films of 1980  Aap Ki Khatir ( 2006 film ) , a Bollywood film directed by Dharmesh Darshan

negative: Raja Babu (film) Raja Babu is a 1994 Bollywood action drama movie directed by David Dhawan .   The film stars Karisma Kapoor , Govinda , Shakti Kapoor , Kadar Khan , Aruna Irani , Prem Chopra and Gulshan Grover , with music by Anand-Milind and lyrics by Sameer . It is a remake of K. Bhagyaraj 's Tamil comedy movie Raasukutti . The film is choreographed by B. H. Tarun Kumar .

negative: Hari Darshan Hari Darshan is a 1972 Bollywood religious film directed by Chandrakan . The film stars Dara Singh & other artists of Indian film Industry , who portray different characters during the time of Bhakt Prahlad .  The story revolves around the devotee Prahlad . It also show cases different Avtars ( incarnations ) of lord Shri Hari Vishnuji .

negative: 42nd Filmfare Awards The 42nd Filmfare Awards were held in 1997 , in Mumbai , India . Raja Hindustani was the biggest winner of the night . The film 's stars Aamir Khan and Karishma Kapoor won their first award for performance in a leading role .

negative: Aap Ki Khatir (2006 film) Aap Ki Khatir ( Hindi : आप की ख़ातिर , Urdu : , آپ کی خاطر , For Your Sake ) is a Bollywood romantic comedy film directed by Dharmesh Darshan , starring Akshaye Khanna and Priyanka Chopra in lead roles . It also stars Ameesha Patel , Dino Morea , Sunil Shetty and Anupam Kher . It is based on the hustler 2005 Hollywood movie The Wedding Date . It was released throughout India and internationally in late August 2006 .

negative: Policewala Gunda Policewala Gunda ( Hindi : पुलिसवाला गुण्डा ) is a 1995 Bollywood crime/action film which stars Dharmendra , Mukesh Khanna , Shikha Swaroop , Ranjeet , Ajit Vachani , etc. . The film released on 19 May 1995 .

negative: Ek Tha Raja Ek Tha Raja is a 1996 Indian Bollywood film directed by and produced by Ratan Jain . It stars Aditya Pancholi , Sunil Shetty , Saif Ali Khan and Neelam Kothari in pivotal roles .

negative: Naanu Naane Naanu Naane ( English : Me , Myself ) is a 2002 movie directed by D. Rajendra Babu starring Upendra and Sakshi Shivanand in leading roles . The movie is a remake of Hindi movie Raja Hindustani .

negative: Darshan Chohan Darshan Chohan ( born 4 November 1995 ) is an English cricketer . He played two first-class matches for Cambridge University Cricket Club between 2015 and 2016 .

negative: Karan Arjun Karan Arjun is a 1995 Indian action thriller drama film starring Salman Khan , Shah Rukh Khan , Raakhee , Mamta Kulkarni , Kajol , Amrish Puri , Aashif Sheikh and Ranjeet . The film was directed by Rakesh Roshan and written by Ravi Kapoor and Sachin Bhowmick . Karan Arjun is a mix of an upbeat Bollywood musical , religious overtones and an action movie . The film was the second highest grossing Hindi film of 1995 after Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge which also starred Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol .

negative: Hulchul (1995 film) Hulchul is a 1995 Bollywood action film directed and written by Anees Bazmee . It stars Vinod Khanna , Ajay Devgn and Kajol . The film premiered on 4 August 1995 in Mumbai . The role of Sharmili was originally offered to Divya Bharti but her sudden death called for Kajol to replace her .

negative: Matha (film) Matha is a 2012 Sri Lankan Tamil romantic war film directed by Boodee Keerthisena and co-produced by Ruwan Jayasingha , Sanath Ranaweera and Vijaya Rathnayake . It stars Darshan Dharmaraj and Yasodha Radhakrishnan in lead roles along with Thumindnu Dodantenna and Raja Ganeshan . Music composed by Lakshman Joseph De Saram . It is the 1244th Sri Lankan film in the Sinhala cinema .

negative: Coolie (1995 film) Coolie is a 1995 Tamil language film directed and written by P. Vasu . The film features Sarathkumar and Meena in lead roles while Radharavi , Raja and Kavitha Vijayakumar play supporting roles . The film opened in April 1995 but fared below critics ' expectations .

negative: Andolan Andolan may refer to :   Andolan ( music ) , in Hindustani music , a gentle oscillation around a note  Andolan ( 1995 film ) , a 1995 Bollywood film directed by Aziz Sejawal  Andolan ( 1975 film )  Andolan ( 1951 film )

negative: Ram Jaane Ram Jaane ( translation : `` Ram Knows '' ) is a 1995 Indian Hindi-language crime drama film directed by Rajiv Mehra about an unnamed kid ( portrayed by Shah Rukh Khan ) who grows up to become a gangster . He uses the name Ram Jaane after meeting with a priest who in response to the kid asking about his name said Ram Jaane ( God knows ) . It is the fourth time when Shah Rukh Khan played a negative role after Baazigar , Darr and Anjaam . The film clashed with Akele Hum Akele Tum starring Aamir Khan and became a clean `` Hit '' in the other hand Akele Hum Akele Tum became `` Disaster '' at the domestic box office . Shah Rukh Khan has bought the rights to this film under his banner , Red Chillies Entertainment .


query: The Siege of Fort Stanwix began.

positive: Siege of Fort Stanwix The Siege of Fort Stanwix ( also known at the time as Fort Schuyler ) began on August 2 , 1777 , and ended August 22 . Fort Stanwix , in the western part of the Mohawk River Valley , was then the primary defense point for the Continental Army against British and Indian forces aligned against them in the American Revolutionary War . The fort was occupied by Continental Army forces from New York and Massachusetts under the command of Colonel Peter Gansevoort . The besieging force was composed of British regulars , American Loyalists , Hessian soldiers from Hesse-Hanau , and Indians , under the command of British Brigadier General Barry St. Leger and the Iroquois leader Joseph Brant . St. Leger 's expedition was a diversion in support of General John Burgoyne 's campaign to gain control of the Hudson River Valley to the east .   One attempt at relief was thwarted early in the siege when a force of New York militia under Nicholas Herkimer was stopped in the August 6 Battle of Oriskany by a detachment of St. Leger 's forces . While that battle did not involve the fort 's garrison , some of its occupants sortied and raided the nearly empty Indian and Loyalist camps , which was a blow to the morale of St. Leger 's Indian support . They killed some Seneca . The siege was finally broken when American reinforcements under the command of Benedict Arnold neared , and Arnold used a ruse , with the assistance of Herkimer 's relative Hon Yost Schuyler , to convince the besiegers that a much larger force was arriving . This misinformation , combined with the departure of Indian fighters not interested in siege warfare and upset over their losses from the raids , led St. Leger to abandon the effort and retreat .   St. Leger 's failure to advance on Albany contributed to Burgoyne 's surrender following the Battles of Saratoga in October 1777 . Although St. Leger reached Fort Ticonderoga in late September , he was too late to aid Burgoyne .   The first official US flag was flown during battle on August 3 , 1777 , at Fort Schuyler . The Continental Congress adopted the following resolution on June 14 , 1777 : `` Resolved , that the flag of the United States be thirteen stripes , alternate red and white ; that the union be thirteen stars , white , on a blue field , representing a new constellation . '' There was a delay in displaying this flag . The resolution was not signed by the secretary of the Congress until September 3 , though it was previously printed in the newspapers . Massachusetts reinforcements to Fort Schuyler brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag . Soldiers cut up their shirts to make the white stripes ; scarlet material was secured from red flannel petticoats of officers ' wives , while material for the blue union was secured from Capt. Abraham Swartwout 's blue cloth coat . A voucher shows that Congress paid Capt. Swartwout for his coat for the flag .

negative: Siegburg Siegburg ( i.e. fort on the Sieg river ) is a city in the district of Rhein-Sieg-Kreis , in North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany . It is located on the banks of the rivers Sieg and Agger , 10 kilometres from the former seat of West German government Bonn and 26 kilometres from Cologne . The population of the city was 39,192 in the 2013 census .


query: The Catcher in the Rye is a written work.

positive: The Catcher in the Rye The Catcher in the Rye is a 1951 novel by J. D. Salinger . A controversial novel originally published for adults , it has since become popular with adolescent readers for its themes of teenage angst and alienation . It has been translated into almost all of the world 's major languages .  Around 1 million copies are sold each year with total sales of more than 65 million books . The novel 's protagonist Holden Caulfield has become an icon for teenage rebellion . The novel also deals with complex issues of innocence , identity , belonging , loss , and connection .   The novel was included on Times 2005 list of the 100 best English-language novels written since 1923 and it was named by Modern Library and its readers as one of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century . In 2003 , it was listed at # 15 on the BBC 's survey The Big Read .

negative: Catcher in the Rye (band) Catcher in the Rye ( 麦田守望者 Maitian shouwangzhe ) is considered to be one of China 's earliest punk rock bands , formed in 1994 . The band features Xiao Wei as lead vocalist , and the band 's first ( self-titled ) album was released in 1998 .

negative: The Catcher in the Rye in popular culture The 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger has had a lasting influence as it remains both a bestseller and a frequently challenged book . Numerous works in popular culture have referenced the novel .  Factors contributing to the novel 's mystique and impact include its portrayal of protagonist Holden Caulfield ; its tone of sincerity ; its themes of familial neglect , tension between teens and society , and rebellion ; its previous banned status ; and Salinger 's reclusiveness .   The Catcher in the Rye has inspired `` rewrites '' which have been said to form their own genre .  On the other hand , there are examples of similarities between the novel and other works that were not intended by their authors , which suggests that the novel is `` present , at least spiritually , in ... any story line that involves quirky young people struggling to find their places in a society prone to reward conformity and condemn individuality . ''   While the novel is linked to several murders and murder attempts , it has been claimed that the novel 's overall effect on society is `` far more positive than negative . ''   The novel also helped popularize the slang verb `` screw up '' .   In recent years there has been a discussion of depression as exhibited in Holden Caulfield .

negative: Slight Rebellion off Madison `` Slight Rebellion off Madison '' is a short story written by J. D. Salinger for the December 21 , 1946 issue of The New Yorker . It would become the basis for his famous novel The Catcher in the Rye , which contains a modified version of Slight Rebellion off Madison as chapter 17 . It includes a few early versions of characters from The Catcher in the Rye such as Carl Luce ( then portrayed as a fat , unattractive boy from Pencey ) and George Harrison of Andover , who later becomes a `` jerk in a dark gray flannel suit and checkered vest . Strictly Ivy League '' .

negative: The Ocean Full of Bowling Balls `` The Ocean Full of Bowling Balls '' is an unpublished work by J. D. Salinger . It is about the death of Kenneth Caulfield , who later became the character Allie in The Catcher in the Rye .

negative: Holden Caulfield Holden Caulfield is a fictional character in author J. D. Salinger 's 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye . Since the book 's publication , Holden has become an icon for teenage rebellion and angst , and now stands among the most important characters of 20th-century American literature . The name Holden Caulfield was used in an unpublished short story written in 1942 and first appeared in print in 1945 .   Although it has been conjectured that J. D. Salinger got the name for Holden Caulfield in The Catcher in the Rye when he saw a marquee for Dear Ruth ( 1947 ) , starring William Holden and Joan Caulfield , Salinger 's first Holden Caulfield story , `` I 'm Crazy , '' appeared in Collier 's on December 22 , 1945 , a year and a half before this movie was released .

negative: Holden Bowler Holden Bowler ( September 23 , 1912 - October 31 , 2001 ) was an American athlete , singer and businessman who served as the namesake for Holden Caulfield in J.D. Salinger 's novel The Catcher in the Rye and was the godfather of Judy Collins .

negative: I'm Crazy `` I 'm Crazy '' is a short story written by J. D. Salinger for the December 22 , 1945 issue of Collier 's magazine . Despite the story 's underlying melancholy , the magazine described it as `` the heart-warming story of a kid whose only fault lay in understanding people so well that most of them were baffled by him and only a very few would believe in him . ''   It is told in first-person narrative mode by Holden Caulfield . Salinger later reworked this short story to incorporate it into his classic novel , The Catcher in the Rye .

negative: The Rye `` The Rye '' is the 121st episode of the NBC sitcom Seinfeld . This was the 11th episode for the seventh season . It aired on January 4 , 1996 . It was written by American comedian Carol Leifer .

negative: John David California John David California was the pseudonym used by Swedish book publisher Fredrik Colting when on 7 May 2009 he published 60 Years Later : Coming Through the Rye in the United Kingdom .   The book was presented as a sequel to The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger , with Salinger 's antihero Holden Caulfield now a 76-year-old man on the run from a nursing home .   Salinger , who died in January 2010 , was in the process of suing Colting for copyright infringement , and had succeeded in getting a court order which indefinitely bans the publication , advertising or distribution of the book in the United States .   Before and during the UK launch , Colting claimed that J D California was a `` Swedish-American '' author , and presented the book as a sequel . However , when his lawyers submitted a `` defendants ' memorandum '' to a federal court in Manhattan on 15 June 2009 , this memorandum claimed that the novel is a legally protected commentary and parody of The Catcher in the Rye , and not an unauthorized sequel . An 18 June article presented Colting 's view that the book is a piece of literary criticism on Salinger and his Caulfield character .   In a review of the book , Richard Davies suggests that it `` comes across as fan fiction '' , calling it `` harmless nonsense '' with `` none of the edginess that still oozes from The Catcher in the Rye '' .

negative: Ham on Rye Ham on Rye is a 1982 semi-autobiographical novel by American author and poet Charles Bukowski . Written in the first person , the novel follows Henry Chinaski , Bukowski 's thinly veiled alter ego , during his early years . Written in Bukowski 's characteristically straightforward prose , the novel tells of his coming-of-age in Los Angeles during the Great Depression .

negative: Pocketful of Rye Pocketful of Rye may refer to the following literary works :  A Pocketful of Rye , by A. J. Cronin  A Pocket Full of Rye , by Agatha Christie  The children 's song , `` Sing a Song of Sixpence ''

negative: Leave Myself Behind Leave Myself Behind is the 2004 debut novel by American writer Bart Yates . The plot centers on a seventeen-year-old gay boy , Noah York , and the process through which he goes as he discovers his sexuality and grows without his father . Critics have compared Leave Myself Behind to J.D. Salinger 's Catcher in the Rye . The book was given an Alex Award by the American Library Association .

negative: The Sleeping Father The Sleeping Father is a novel by Matthew Sharpe first published in 2003 about an average middle-class American family struck by betrayal , Separation , and illness . In particular , it is about the coming of age of the two teenage members of the family despite , or rather through , the troubles that befall them .   Wisecracking his way through life until he has eventually reached adulthood , 17-year-old Chris Schwartz has provoked comparison with Holden Caulfield , the protagonist of Salinger 's novel The Catcher in the Rye .

negative: The Ballad of Peckham Rye The Ballad of Peckham Rye is a novel written in 1960 by the Scottish author Muriel Spark .   It tells the story of a devilish Scottish migrant , Dougal Douglas , who moves to Peckham in London and wreaks havoc amongst the lives of the inhabitants . The text draws upon the supernatural , as well as issues of Irish and Scottish migrancy and offers a critique of the sterile and unremarkable nature of the lives of the Peckham working class .

negative: J. D. Salinger Jerome David Salinger ( -LSB- ˈsælᵻndʒər -RSB- January 1 , 1919 January 27 , 2010 ) was an American writer who is known for his widely-read novel , The Catcher in the Rye . Following his early success publishing short stories and The Catcher in the Rye , Salinger led a very private life for more than a half-century . He published his final original work in 1965 and gave his last interview in 1980 .   Salinger was raised in Manhattan and began writing short stories while in secondary school . Several were published in Story magazine in the early 1940s before he began serving in World War II . In 1948 , his critically acclaimed story `` A Perfect Day for Bananafish '' appeared in The New Yorker magazine , which became home to much of his later work .   In 1951 , his novel The Catcher in the Rye was an immediate popular success . His depiction of adolescent alienation and loss of innocence in the protagonist Holden Caulfield was influential , especially among adolescent readers . The novel remains widely read and controversial , selling around 250,000 copies a year .   The success of The Catcher in the Rye led to public attention and scrutiny . Salinger became reclusive , publishing new work less frequently . He followed Catcher with a short story collection , Nine Stories ( 1953 ) ; a volume containing a novella and a short story , Franny and Zooey ( 1961 ) ; and a volume containing two novellas , Raise High the Roof Beam , Carpenters and Seymour : An Introduction ( 1963 ) . His last published work , a novella entitled `` Hapworth 16 , 1924 '' , appeared in The New Yorker on June 19 , 1965 .   Afterward , Salinger struggled with unwanted attention , including a legal battle in the 1980s with biographer Ian Hamilton and the release in the late 1990s of memoirs written by two people close to him : Joyce Maynard , an ex-lover ; and Margaret Salinger , his daughter . In 1996 , a small publisher announced a deal with Salinger to publish `` Hapworth 16 , 1924 '' in book form , but amid the ensuing publicity the release was indefinitely delayed . He made headlines around the globe in June 2009 when he filed a lawsuit against another writer for copyright infringement resulting from that writer 's use of one of the characters from The Catcher in the Rye . Salinger died of natural causes on January 27 , 2010 , at his home in Cornish , New Hampshire . In November 2013 , three unpublished stories by Salinger were briefly posted online . One of the stories , `` The Ocean Full of Bowling Balls '' , is said to be a prequel to The Catcher in the Rye .

negative: Coming Through the Rye (film) Coming Through the Rye is a 2015 American coming-of-age drama film written and directed by James Steven Sadwith . It stars Alex Wolff and Stefania LaVie Owen as two teenagers who set out to find author J.D. Salinger , played by Chris Cooper . The film is based on Sadwith 's own quest to find Salinger . It is Sadwith 's directorial debut .

negative: The Romany Rye (disambiguation) The Romany Rye is an 1857 novel by George Borrow .   The Romany Rye may also refer to :   The Romany Rye ( band ) , an American indie band  Romany Rye , a play by Wilson Barrett  The song `` Romano Rai '' ( or `` Romany Rye '' ) about a mixed blooded Romanichal ( a Didicoy )

negative: 1951 in literature This article presents lists of the literary events and publications in 1951 .   -- Opening line of The Catcher in the Rye

negative: Daniel Doron Daniel Doron ( born 1929 ) is an Israeli publicist and political activist . He is the founder and director of the Israel Center for Social and Economic Progress ( ICSEP ) . In this capacity , he has recommended economic changes to the Israeli government , some of which have successfully been implemented . He has written extensively on the advantages of free market economics in publications including the Wall Street Journal and the Jerusalem Post . For the latter , he serves as a regular columnist on economic matters . He has also translated into Hebrew texts about free market , as well as English prose - The Catcher in the Rye and A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and wrote work of literary criticism .

negative: Dear Wife Dear Wife is a 1949 comedy film starring Joan Caulfield and William Holden . It is the sequel to Dear Ruth , which was based on the Broadway play of the same name by Norman Krasna .   J. D. Salinger , the author of Catcher in the Rye , has stated that he conjured the name of the book 's protagonist , Holden Caulfield , when he saw a movie theatre marquee in his community displaying the names of the lead actors .

negative: The Romany Rye The Romany Rye is a novel by George Borrow , written in 1857 .   This was the play in progress when the Theatre Royal in Exeter burnt down in 1887

negative: Last Day of the Last Furlough `` Last Day of the Last Furlough '' is a short story written by American writer J. D. Salinger in 1944 and published in the July 15th issue of Saturday Evening Post . It covers the last days of furlough for Babe Gladwaller before he is shipped off to World War II .   Babe spends most of the time with his little sister , Mattie , until his fellow soldier Vincent Caulfield comes over to spend the evening with them before departing in the morning . In this story , Vincent announces his brother Holden has been reported Missing in Action . Babe and Mattie 's relationship mirrors the future relationship between Holden and Phoebe in The Catcher in the Rye .

negative: Billy Budd Billy Budd , Sailor is the final novel by American writer Herman Melville , first published posthumously in London in 1924 as edited by Raymond M. Weaver , a professor at Columbia University . Other versions were later published . Melville had begun writing the original work in November 1888 , but left it unfinished at his death in 1891 . Acclaimed by British critics as a masterpiece when published in London , it quickly took its place as a classic literary work in the United States .   The novella was discovered in manuscript form in 1919 by Weaver , who was studying Melville 's papers as his first biographer . Melville 's widow had begun to edit the manuscript , but had not been able to decide her husband 's intentions at several key points or even to see his intended title . Poor transcription and misinterpretation of Melville 's notes marred the first published versions of the text . After several years of study , Harrison Hayford and Merton M. Sealts , Jr. published what is now considered the best transcription and critical reading text in 1962 .   The novella was adapted as a stage play in 1951 and produced on Broadway , where it won the Donaldson Awards and Outer Critics Circle Awards for best play . Benjamin Britten adapted it as an opera by the same name , first performed in December 1951 .   The play was adapted into a film in 1962 , produced , directed , co-written , and starring Peter Ustinov with Terence Stamp receiving an Academy Award nomination in his film debut .

negative: The Tale of Scrotie McBoogerballs `` The Tale of Scrotie McBoogerballs '' is the second episode of the fourteenth season of the American animated television series South Park , and the 197th overall episode of the series . It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on March 24 , 2010 . In the episode , the South Park boys write a vulgar book with the sole intention of getting it banned . When Stan 's parents discover the manuscript , the boys accuse Butters of writing it , then are enraged when it becomes hailed as a literary masterpiece .   The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker , and was rated TV-MA L in the United States . It serves as a satire of pop culture criticism , and mocks people who find hidden messages in works which are ironically unnecessary . The episode includes other themes , including the lack of interest in reading among American youths , and even mocks the idea that a book alone can inspire someone into committing violent crimes .   The novel The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger plays a major part in the episode , as the South Park boys are inspired to write their own book when they feel Salinger 's book does not live up to its controversial reputation . The episode also mocks actress Sarah Jessica Parker and the Kardashian family from the reality series Keeping Up with the Kardashians .   `` The Tale of Scrotie McBoogerballs '' received generally positive reviews , with many commentators praising the episode 's themes of the over-analysis into works of culture , although some found the vomiting running gag to be too outdated and grew repetitive . According to Nielsen Media Research , the episode was seen by 3.24 million viewers . After the episode aired , Kim , Kourtney and Khloé Kardashian praised their portrayal and on-screen killoffs .

negative: Eugene Reynal Eugene Reynal was an American Publisher and in 1933 Founder of Blue Ribbon Books of Garden City , New York and Reynal and Hitchcock of New York , New York .   Louis Menand in the New Yorker writes of him that he ` achieved immortality the bad way ' by turning down the opportunity to publish Catcher in the Rye .

negative: A Boy in France `` A Boy in France '' is a short story by J. D. Salinger . It is the second part of a trio of stories following the character Babe Gladwaller . The first story is `` Last Day of the Last Furlough '' , and the third is `` The Stranger '' .   `` A Boy in France '' is one of the few Salinger war stories which deals directly with combat conditions . The setting is at the front , as Babe , hunkered down in a foxhole , tries to comfort himself by rereading a letter from his sister . The bond between Babe and Matilda anticipates the relationship between Holden Caulfield and his younger sister Phoebe in Salinger 's later novel The Catcher in the Rye .

negative: A Fable A Fable is a 1954 novel written by the American author William Faulkner . He spent more than a decade and tremendous effort on it , and aspired for it to be `` the best work of my life and maybe of my time '' .  It won the Pulitzer Prize and the National Book Award , but critical reviews were mixed and it is considered one of Faulkner 's lesser works . Historically , it can be seen as a precursor to Joseph Heller 's Catch-22 .

negative: A Confederacy of Dunces A Confederacy of Dunces is a picaresque novel by American novelist John Kennedy Toole which reached publication in 1980 , eleven years after Toole 's suicide . Published through the efforts of writer Walker Percy ( who also contributed a foreword ) and Toole 's mother , the book became first a cult classic , then a mainstream success ; it earned Toole a posthumous Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1981 , and is now considered a canonical work of modern literature of the Southern United States .   The book 's title refers to an epigram from Jonathan Swift 's essay , Thoughts on Various Subjects , Moral and Diverting : `` When a true genius appears in the world , you may know him by this sign , that the dunces are all in confederacy against him . '' Its central character , Ignatius J. Reilly , is an educated but slothful 30-year-old man living with his mother in the Uptown neighborhood of early-1960s New Orleans who , in his quest for employment , has various adventures with colorful French Quarter characters . Toole wrote the novel in 1963 during his last few months in Puerto Rico .

negative: Walter Rye Walter Rye ( 31 October 1843 -- 24 February 1929 ) was a British athlete and antiquary , who wrote over 80 works on Norfolk .

negative: Rebel in the Rye Rebel in the Rye is a 2017 American biographical drama film directed and written by Danny Strong . It is based on the book J. D. Salinger : A Life by Kenneth Slawenski , about the life of young writer J. D. Salinger during World War II . The film stars Nicholas Hoult , Zoey Deutch , Kevin Spacey , Sarah Paulson , Brian d'Arcy James , Victor Garber , Hope Davis , and Lucy Boynton . Principal photography on the film began on April 26 , 2016 in New York City . It premiered at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival on January 24 , 2017 .

negative: The Orchard Keeper The Orchard Keeper is the first novel by the American novelist Cormac McCarthy . It won the 1966 William Faulkner Foundation Award for notable first novel .

negative: Dark Rye Dark Rye is an award-winning online magazine from Whole Foods Market , based in Austin , Texas . The publication focuses on multimedia storytelling through video , infographics , photos , recipes , DIY projects , and written content . Dark Rye highlights people from across the globe who are doing original things , especially in the areas of food , health , sustainability , design , technology and social enterprise . The goal of the site is to encourage and inspire visitors by telling stories and sharing experiences .   Dark Rye launched in 2012 .