query: There is a brand named Yves Saint Laurent.

positive: Yves Saint Laurent (brand) Yves Saint Laurent YSL ( -LSB- iv sɜ̃n lɔ.ʁɑ̃ -RSB- ; also known as Saint Laurent Paris ) is a French luxury fashion house founded by Yves Saint Laurent and his partner , Pierre Bergé . Saint Laurent Paris revived its haute couture collection in 2015 under creative director Hedi Slimane . The new collection , `` Yves Saint Laurent Couture '' or `` Saint Laurent Paris 24 , Rue de L'Université '' is the French house 's first couture collection ever since the retirement of its legendary founder in 2002 .   Founded in 1961 it has been considered one of the world 's most prominent fashion houses and known for its modern and iconic pieces , such as its tuxedo jackets for women . Today Saint Laurent Paris markets a broad range of women 's and men 's ready-to-wear products , leather goods , shoes , and jewellery . Yves Saint Laurent Beauté also has a notable presence in the luxury beauty market , although this is run independently through L'Oreal Paris that licenses the name .   Its current creative director is Anthony Vaccarello .

negative: Saint Laurent Saint Laurent may refer to :  Yves Saint Laurent ( brand ) - a fashion brand named after Yves Saint Laurent  Saint Laurent ( cruise ship ) - a small French cruise ship that blocked the St Lawrence Seaway , following a collision with a canal lock  Church of Saint-Laurent - a church in Paris  Saint-Laurent , Quebec - a borough in Montreal , Quebec  Saint Laurent ( film ) - a 2014 French biographical film about Yves Saint Laurent

negative: YSL YSL may refer to :   A brand of cigarette sold by Japan Tobacco  Yarrow Shipbuilders Limited , a former British shipbuilding firm  Yves Saint Laurent ( designer ) ( 1936 -- 2008 ) , an Algerian-born French fashion designer  Yves Saint Laurent ( brand ) , a luxury fashion house founded by the above designer  The International Air Transport Association airport code of the Saint-Léonard Aerodrome in St. Leonard , New Brunswick , Canada  Young Socialist League , a British political youth group active between 1911 and 1921  Young Socialist League , the name of the American Socialist Youth League ( United States ) from 1954

negative: Parisienne (perfume) Parisienne is a perfume for women produced by French Fashion house Yves Saint Laurent . It was released in 2009 . Its brand ambassador is Kate Moss .

negative: Yves Saint Laurent (designer) Yves Saint Laurent ( -LSB- iv sɛ̃ lɔʁɑ̃ -RSB- ; 1 August 1936 -- 1 June 2008 ) was a French fashion designer and is regarded as being among the foremost fashion designers in the twentieth century . In 1985 , Caroline Rennolds Milbank wrote , `` The most consistently celebrated and influential designer of the past twenty-five years , Yves Saint Laurent can be credited with both spurring the couture 's rise from its sixties ashes and with finally rendering ready-to-wear reputable . '' He was able to adapt his style to accommodate the changes in fashion during that period . He approached fashion in a different perspective by wanting women to look comfortable yet elegant at the same time . He is also credited with having introduced the tuxedo suit for women and was known for his use of non-European cultural references , and non-white models .

negative: Rive Gauche (perfume) Rive Gauche is a women 's perfume launched by Yves Saint Laurent in 1971 .   The fragrance was composed in 1969 by perfumers Jacques Polge and Michael Hy at Roure . It was reformulated by Daniela Andrier and Jacques Hy at Givaudan in 2003 . The all-aluminium silver and cobalt blue striped bottle was designed by Pierre Dinnand .  The perfume was named after Yves Saint Laurent 's newly opened boutique in Saint-Germain-des-Prés , the first ready-to-wear store opened by a couturier .   Perfume critic Luca Turin considered Rive Gauche as the `` best floral aldehydic of all time '' . It is a classic aldehyde with a floral heart and woody base notes .

negative: The Mondrian collection of Yves Saint Laurent The Mondrian Collection was designed by French fashion designer Yves Saint Laurent ( 1 August 1936 -- 1 June 2008 ) in 1965 . This collection was a homage to the work of several modernistic artists . Part of this collection were six cocktail dresses that were inspired by the paintings of Mondrian ( 1872 -- 1944 ) . Because these six dresses played a major role in this collection the collection is called the Mondrian Collection . In academic literature it has been questioned whether this name fully covers the aim of the collection , since there are other artists who inspired Saint Laurent such as Poliakoff and Malevich . However , Mondrian seemed to play a leading role in this collection .

negative: Pierre Bergé Pierre Bergé ( -LSB- pjɛːʁ bɛʁʒe -RSB- ) ( born 14 November 1930 ) is a French industrialist and patron . He is the co-founder of Yves Saint Laurent Couture House and onetime life partner and longtime business partner of the late fashion designer Yves Saint Laurent .

negative: Jazz (perfume) Jazz is a perfume for men by Yves Saint Laurent introduced in 1988 . The black and white packaging and flacon were designed to resemble piano keys .  A flanker Live Jazz was introduced in 1998 .

negative: Anthony Vaccarello Anthony Vaccarello is an Italian-Belgian fashion designer and currently creative director at Yves Saint Laurent . Prior to this he held the position of creative director at Versus Versace , as well as designing his own eponymous line .

negative: Pilati Pilati is a surname .   People with this surname include :   Stefano Pilati ( born 1965 ) , Head of Design for Yves Saint Laurent ( brand )  Mario Pilati ( 1903-1938 ) , Italian composer

negative: Yves Rocher (company) Yves Rocher is a worldwide cosmetics and beauty brand , founded in 1959 by the French entrepreneur Yves Rocher ( 1930 -- 2009 ) in La Gacilly . The company is present in 88 countries on five continents and employs 13,500 personnel , excluding more than 215,000 through additional indirect jobs .   The Yves Rocher group achieved a turnover of 2.012 billion euros in 2004 . The group also manages the brands Daniel Jouvance , Dr Pierre Ricaud , Isabel Derroisné , Petit Bateau , Kiotis , Stanhome and Galérie Noémie .   The company maintains a botanical garden , the Jardin botanique Yves Rocher de La Gacilly , at its industrial site in La Gacilly . It is open to the public without charge .   Headquarters is located in Rennes ( Britanny , France ) .

negative: Opium (perfume) Opium is an Oriental-spicy perfume created for fashion brand Yves Saint Laurent ( YSL ) by perfumer Jean Amic and Jean-Louis Sieuzac of Roure , first marketed in 1977 . Its top notes are a mixture of fruit and spices , with mandarin orange , plum , clove , coriander and pepper , as well as bay leaf . Its floral middle notes consist predominantly jasmine , rose and Lily of the Valley , in addition to carnation , cinnamon , peach and orris root . It is underlined by the sweet woody base note containing sandalwood , cedarwood , myrrh , opopanax , labdanum , benzoin and castoreum , in addition to amber , incense , musk , patchouli , tolu and vetiver .

negative: Sephora Sephora is a French chain of cosmetics stores founded in 1969 . Featuring nearly 300 brands , along with its own private label , Sephora offers beauty products including makeup , skincare , body , fragrance , nail color , and haircare . Sephora is owned by luxury conglomerate LVMH as of 1997 . The Sephora logo is a white `` S '' - shaped flame against a black background . The name comes from the Greek spelling of Zipporah ( Σεπφώρα , Sepphōra ) , the most beautiful wife of Moses .

negative: Christian Dior SE Christian Dior SE ( -LSB- kʁis.tjɑ̃ djɔːʁ -RSB- ) , commonly known as Dior , is a French luxury goods company controlled and chaired by French businessman Bernard Arnault , who also heads LVMH -- the world 's largest luxury group . Dior itself holds 42.36 % shares of and 59.01 % voting rights within LVMH .   Founded in 1946 by the eponymous designer Christian Dior , today the company designs and retails ready-to-wear , leather goods , fashion accessories , footwear , jewelry , timepieces , fragrance , make-up , and skincare products while also maintaining its tradition as a creator of recognized haute-couture ( under the Christian Dior Couture division ) . While the Christian Dior label remains largely for women 's offerings , the company also operates the Dior Homme division for men and the baby Dior label for children 's wear . Products are sold throughout its portfolio of retail stores worldwide , as well as through its online store .

negative: Yves Castaldi Yves Castaldi ( born April 10 , 1952 ) is a French fashion designer and entrepreneur . He held his first fashion show of Yves Castaldi in Paris in 2000 . He launched a line of high end women 's and men 's clothing , shoes , handbags , and perfumes in 2002 .

negative: Hedi Slimane Hedi Slimane ( -LSB- eˈdi sliˈman -RSB- ; born July 5 , 1968 ) is a French photographer and fashion designer . From 2000 to 2007 , he held the position of creative director for Dior Homme ( the menswear line of Christian Dior ) . From 2012 to 2016 , he was the creative director for Yves Saint Laurent . He left the brand on March 31 , 2016 .

negative: Gabrielle Geppert Gabrielle Geppert is an expert specialized in the fashion vintage . She owns a vintage shop in Palais Royal , Paris since 2003 . Brands such as Hermès , Chanel , Yves Saint Laurent , or Christian Dior are present .

negative: Givenchy Givenchy ( -LSB- ʒivɑ̃ʃi -RSB- ) is a French luxury fashion and perfume house . It hosts the brand of haute couture clothing , accessories and Parfums Givenchy , perfumes and cosmetics . The house of Givenchy was founded in 1952 by designer Hubert de Givenchy and is a member of Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture et du Pret-a-Porter . It is owned by luxury group LVMH and in 1993 achieved a total sales worth of $ 176 million , making it the second largest apparel division of LVMH after Dior .

negative: LVMH LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton SE , better known as LVMH , is a French multinational luxury goods conglomerate , native of France and headquartered in Paris . The company was formed in 1987 under the merger of fashion house Louis Vuitton with Moet Hennessy , a company formed after the 1971 merger between the champagne producer Moët & Chandon and Hennessy , the cognac manufacturer . It controls around 60 subsidiaries that each manage a small number of prestigious brands . The subsidiaries are often managed independently . The oldest of the LVMH brands is wine producer Château d'Yquem , which dates its origins back to 1593 .   Christian Dior , the luxury goods group , is the main holding company of LVMH , owning 40.9 % of its shares , and 59.01 % of its voting rights . Bernard Arnault , majority shareholder of Dior , is Chairman of both companies and CEO of LVMH .   Arnault 's successful integration of various famous aspirational brands into a single group has inspired other luxury companies into doing the same . Thus , the French conglomerate Kering ( formerly named PPR ) and the Swiss-based Richemont have also created extended portfolios of luxury brands . The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index .

negative: Laure Hériard-Dubreuil Laure Heriard Dubreuil is a French entrepreneur and the CEO and founder of The Webster , a luxury fashion boutique based in Miami , Florida . She is also the brand ambassador for Eres . Prior to founding The Webster , Heriard Dubreuil worked in merchandising for both Balenciaga and Yves Saint Laurent .

negative: Ogilvy (department store) La Maison Ogilvy , or Ogilvy in English and French , is a prominent retail establishment located in downtown Montreal , Quebec , Canada . Founded in 1866 , the store , at 1307 Saint Catherine Street West , is considered a retail landmark . It began as a dry goods store , and today hosts an array of luxury goods shops , brands and boutiques . Much of its retail space is devoted to designer brand shops including Louis Vuitton , Michael Kors , Burberry , and Hugo Boss , in addition to other well known labels such as Canada Goose . Ogilvy is the only one of Montreal 's four major west-end retailers still operating under its original name and is also known as the `` Grande dame of St. Catherine Street '' . In July 2011 , the store was purchased by the Selfridges Group Ltd. , a subsidiary of Wittington Investments and the owner of the Selfridges and Holt Renfrew retail chains .

negative: Nina Brosh Nina Brosh ( נינה ברוש , also known as Vic ; born November 12 , 1975 ) is an Israeli fashion model .   During the 1990s , she led campaigns for brands such as Givenchy , Yves Saint Laurent , Dolce & Gabbana , Chanel , Dior , DKNY , Bebe and Miu Miu . In the 1990s , she appeared on the covers of magazines such as Vogue and Elle .

negative: Eliana Tranchesi Eliana Maria Tranchesi Piva de Albuquerque ( November 24 , 1955 - February 24 , 2012 ) was a Brazilian entrepreneur and owner of Daslu , a fashion house , located in São Paulo that specializes in international brands . She brought to Brazilian stores the brands of Dolce & Gabbana , Giorgio Armani , Louis Vuitton , Christian Dior , Prada , Chanel , Burberry , Salvatore Ferragamo , Gucci , Fendi , Chloe , Cacharel , Yves Saint Laurent , Goyard , Tom Ford and Tod 's .

negative: Laura Mercier Cosmetics Laura Mercier Cosmetics is a cosmetics line that was founded by Janet Gurwitch . Gurwitch licensed Laura Mercier 's name . The brand 's cosmetics are produced and marketed by Gurwitch Products .   From the outset , Laura Mercier Cosmetic 's goal was to offer `` high-quality , natural-looking makeup products for all skin tones and types '' , according to the Wall Street Journal . The brand became known for its focus on products to create what it calls the `` flawless face '' , a concept derived from Mercier 's reputation for promoting naturalistic makeup . In 2012 , it became the official cosmetics brand of Project Runway All Stars Second Season . The company was sold to Alticor , the parent company of Amway in 2006 .

negative: Burberry Burberry Group , Inc. , is a British luxury fashion house headquartered in London , England . Its main fashion house focuses on and distributes trench coats , ready-to-wear outerwear , fashion accessories , fragrances , sunglasses , and cosmetics .   Established in 1856 by Thomas Burberry , originally focusing on the development of outdoor attire , the fashion house has moved on to the high fashion market developing and creation of the first of its kind fabric called Gabardine , which is completely breathable and waterproof , exclusively made for the brand . Developing 45 degrees unique pattern-based scarves , trench coats , and other fashion accessories . The first shop opened up in the Haymarket , London , in 1891 . Burberry was an independent family-controlled company until 1955 , when it was reincorporated . The fashion house has dressed notable actors , world leaders , musicians , and athletes .   Its distinctive check pattern has become one of its most widely copied trademarks . Burberry is most famous for its trench coat . Burberry has branded stores and franchises around the world and sells through concessions in third-party stores . Its coats were worn in the trenches of World War I by British soldiers , and for decades thereafter Burberry became so much a part of British culture that Queen Elizabeth II and the Prince of Wales have granted the company Royal Warrants .   Christopher Bailey has been the CEO and Chief Creative Officer since 2014 . The company is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index . In 2015 , Burberry ranked 73rd in Interbrand 's Best Global Brands report , ahead of Ralph Lauren and Hugo Boss . Burberry has more than 500 stores in over 50 countries .   It took over 100 years for the Burberry trench coats to be made in more than two different colours : khaki ( dust-coloured ) and black . Since 2015 trench coats for men as well as women have started to become available in new colours red , white and honey worldwide .

negative: Yves Saint Laurent (film) Yves Saint Laurent is a 2014 French biographical drama film directed by Jalil Lespert and co-written with Jacques Fieschi , Jérémie Guez and Marie-Pierre Huster . The film is based on the life of Yves Saint Laurent from 1958 . The film stars Pierre Niney , Guillaume Gallienne , Charlotte Le Bon , Laura Smet , Marie de Villepin , Xavier Lafitte and Nikolai Kinski . The film opened the Panorama Special section of the 64th Berlin International Film Festival at the renovated Zoo Palast , with director , cast and Pierre Bergé in attendance . The film received seven nominations at the 40th César Awards , winning Best Actor for Pierre Niney .

negative: Yves Rocher Yves Rocher ( 7 April 1930 -- 26 December 2009 ) was a French businessman and founder of the cosmetics company that bears his name . He was a pioneer of the modern use of natural ingredients in cosmetics .

negative: Céline (brand) Céline is a French ready-to-wear and leather luxury goods brand that has been owned by LVMH group since 1996 . It was founded in 1945 by Céline Vipiana . Since November 2015 , the headquarters are located at 16 rue Vivienne in the 2nd arrondissement of Paris at the Hôtel Colbert de Torcy , which has French Historic Monument classification . Marco Gobbetti is the president and the chief executive officer , and the creative director is Phoebe Philo .

negative: Nina Ricci (brand) Nina Ricci is a fashion house founded by Maria `` Nina '' Ricci and her son Robert in Paris in 1932 , and owned by the Spanish beauty and fashion group Puig since 1998 .

negative: Lacoste Lacoste ( -LSB- laˈkɔst -RSB- ) is a French clothing company , founded in 1933 by tennis player René Lacoste and André Gillier . It sells high-end clothing , footwear , perfume , leather goods , watches , eyewear , and most famously polo shirts . In recent years , Lacoste has introduced a home line of sheeting and towels . The company can be recognized by its green crocodile logo . René Lacoste , the company 's founder , was nicknamed `` the Crocodile '' by fans because of his tenacity on the tennis court . In November 2012 Lacoste was bought outright by Swiss family-held group Maus Frères .

negative: Hugo Boss Hugo Boss AG , often styled as BOSS , is a German luxury fashion house . It was founded in 1924 by Hugo Boss and is headquartered in Metzingen , Germany . Originally focusing on uniforms , it was a supplier for Nazi Party organizations both before and during World War II . After the war and the founder 's death in 1948 , Hugo Boss started to turn its focus from uniforms to men 's suits . The company went public in 1985 and introduced a fragrance line that same year , added mens and womenswear diffusion lines in 1997 , a full women 's collection in 2000 as well as children 's clothing in 2008/2009 , and has since evolved into a major global fashion house with more than 1,100 company-owned retail stores worldwide ( 2016 ) .

negative: Betty Catroux Betty Catroux ( born Betty Saint in 1945 ) is a former Chanel model , and fashion icon . She has been cited as a muse by both Yves Saint Laurent and Tom Ford .


query: Stephen King wrote 7 novels under a pen name.

positive: Stephen King Stephen Edwin King ( born September 21 , 1947 ) is an American author of horror , supernatural fiction , suspense , science fiction , and fantasy . His books have sold more than 350 million copies , many of which have been adapted into feature films , miniseries , television shows , and comic books . King has published 54 novels , including seven under the pen name Richard Bachman , and six non-fiction books . He has written nearly 200 short stories , most of which have been collected in book collections . Many of his stories are set in his home state of Maine . His novella Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption was the basis for the movie The Shawshank Redemption which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time .   King has received Bram Stoker Awards , World Fantasy Awards , and British Fantasy Society Awards . His novella The Way Station ( 1980 ) was a Nebula Award novelette nominee . In 2003 , the National Book Foundation awarded him the Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters . His short story `` The Man in the Black Suit '' ( 1994 ) received the O. Henry Award . He has also received awards for his contribution to literature for his entire oeuvre , such as the World Fantasy Award for Life Achievement ( 2004 ) , the Canadian Booksellers Association Lifetime Achievement Award ( 2007 ) , and the Grand Master Award from the Mystery Writers of America ( 2007 ) . In 2015 , King was awarded with a National Medal of Arts from the United States National Endowment for the Arts for his contributions to literature .

negative: Richard Bachman Richard Bachman is a pen name used by horror fiction author Stephen King .

negative: The Long Walk The Long Walk is a dystopian novel by Stephen King published under the pseudonym Richard Bachman in 1979 as a paperback original . It was collected in 1985 in the hardcover omnibus The Bachman Books , and has seen several reprints since , as both paperback and hardback . Set in a dystopian present following an alternate history in which Germany appears to have won WW2 , the plot revolves around the contestants of a grueling walking contest , held annually by a totalitarian version of the United States of America . In 2000 , the American Library Association listed The Long Walk as one of the 100 best books for teenage readers published between 1966 and 2000 . According to Stephen King , it is the first novel he wrote , begun eight years before his novel Carrie was published in 1974 , when he was a freshman at the University of Maine in 1966 -- 1967 .

negative: Castle Rock (Stephen King) Castle Rock is part of Stephen King 's fictional Maine topography and provides the setting for a number of his novels , novellas , and short stories . Castle Rock first appeared in King 's 1979 novel The Dead Zone , and has reappeared as late as his 2013 novel Doctor Sleep and 2014 novel Revival ( see list below ) . The name is taken from the fictional mountain fort of the same name in William Golding 's 1954 novel Lord of the Flies .   King , a native of Durham , Maine , created a trinity of fictional Maine towns -- Castle Rock , Derry and Jerusalem 's Lot as central settings in more than one work .

negative: The Dark Half The Dark Half is a horror novel by Stephen King , published in 1989 . Publishers Weekly listed The Dark Half as the second best-selling book of 1989 behind Tom Clancy 's Clear and Present Danger . The novel was adapted into a feature film of the same name in 1993 .   Stephen King wrote several books under a pseudonym , Richard Bachman , during the 1970s and 1980s . Most of the Bachman novels were darker and more cynical in nature , featuring a far more visceral sense of horror than the psychological , gothic style common to many of King 's most famous works . When King was identified as Bachman , he wrote The Dark Half -- about an author with a sinister parasitic twin -- in response to his outing .

negative: Unfinished Portrait (novel) Unfinished Portrait is a semi-autobiographical novel written by Agatha Christie and first published in the UK by Collins in March 1934 and in the US by Doubleday later in the same year . The British edition retailed for seven shillings and sixpence ( 7/6 ) and the US edition at $ 2.00 . It is the second of six novels Christie wrote under the pen name Mary Westmacott .

negative: Stephen King short fiction bibliography This is a list of short fiction by Stephen King ( b. 1947 ) . This includes short stories , novelettes , and novellas , as well as poems . It is arranged chronologically by first publication . Major revisions of previously published pieces are also noted . Stephen King is sometimes erroneously credited with `` nearly 400 short stories '' ( or a similarly large number ) . However , all the known published pieces of short fiction are tabulated below . In all , 199 works are listed . Most of these pieces have been collected in King 's six short story collections : Night Shift ( 1978 ) , Skeleton Crew ( 1985 ) , Nightmares & Dreamscapes ( 1993 ) , Everything 's Eventual ( 2002 ) , Just After Sunset ( 2008 ) , and The Bazaar of Bad Dreams ( 2015 ) ; and in King 's four novella collections : Different Seasons ( 1982 ) , Four Past Midnight ( 1990 ) , Hearts in Atlantis ( 1999 ) , and Full Dark , No Stars ( 2010 ) . Some of these pieces , however , remain uncollected .

negative: The Fifth Quarter (short story) `` The Fifth Quarter '' is a short story by American author Stephen King , originally published in the April 1972 issue of Cavalier ( under the pen name John Swithen ) and later collected in King 's 1993 collection Nightmares & Dreamscapes . It was filmed as an episode of the TNT miniseries Nightmares & Dreamscapes : From the Stories of Stephen King .   In the notes for this story , King remarks `` Bachman again or maybe George Stark '' , a reference to his pseudonym Richard Bachman whose `` relationship '' with him was the basis of the character George Stark for the novel The Dark Half .

negative: John Stevenson (writer) John `` Steve '' Stevenson ( born 1930 ) is a British writer who , under the pen name Marcus van Heller , wrote erotic fiction for the Traveller 's Companion series of Olympia Press publisher ( 1955-1961 ) . Later he also wrote under the pen name Stephen John .

negative: The Bachman Books The Bachman Books is a collection of short novels by Stephen King published under the pseudonym Richard Bachman between 1977 and 1982 . It made The New York Times Best Seller List upon its release in 1985 .

negative: List of The Dark Tower characters The Dark Tower is a series of eight novels written by American author Stephen King , which incorporate multiple genres including fantasy , science fantasy , horror and western . Below are The Dark Tower characters that come into play as the series progresses .

negative: Keshavasuta Krishnaji Keshav Damle ( March 15 , 1866 - November 7 , 1905 ) was a Marathi poet from Maharashtra , India , who wrote poetry under the pen name Keshavasuta or Keshavsut .

negative: Everything's Eventual Everything 's Eventual is a collection of 14 short stories written by Stephen King and published in 2002 .

negative: Janet Flanner Janet Flanner ( March 13 , 1892 -- November 7 , 1978 ) was an American writer and journalist who served as the Paris correspondent of The New Yorker magazine from 1925 until she retired in 1975 . She wrote under the pen name `` Genêt '' . She also published a single novel , The Cubical City , set in New York City .

negative: Lewis Page Mercier Reverend Lewis Page Mercier ( 9 January 1820 -- 2 November 1875 ) is known today as the translator , along with Eleanor Elizabeth King , of two of the best known novels of Jules Verne : Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Seas and From the Earth to the Moon , and a Trip Around It . To avoid a conflict of interest with his position as chaplain , Mercier wrote under the pen names of Louis Mercier , MA ( Oxon ) and Mercier Lewis .

negative: The Dark Tower (series) The Dark Tower is a series of eight books written by American author Stephen King that incorporates themes from multiple genres , including dark fantasy , science fantasy , horror , and Western . It describes a `` gunslinger '' and his quest toward a tower , the nature of which is both physical and metaphorical . The series , and its use of the Dark Tower , expands upon Stephen King 's multiverse and in doing so , links together many of his other novels . King has described the series as his magnum opus . In addition to the eight novels of the series proper that comprise 4,250 pages , many of King 's other books relate to the story , introducing concepts and characters that come into play as the series progresses .   The series was chiefly inspired by the poem `` Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came '' by Robert Browning , whose full text was included in the final volume 's appendix . In the preface to the revised 2003 edition of The Gunslinger , King also identifies The Lord of the Rings , Arthurian Legend , and The Good , the Bad and the Ugly as inspirations . He identifies Clint Eastwood 's `` Man with No Name '' character as one of the major inspirations for the protagonist , Roland Deschain . King 's style of location names in the series , such as Mid-World , and his development of a unique language abstract to our own ( High Speech ) , are also influenced by J. R. R. Tolkien 's work .   A film , serving as a sequel to the events of The Dark Tower VII : The Dark Tower is currently scheduled for release in August 2017 with Idris Elba as the lead character ; due to the nature of the ending of The Dark Tower VII : The Dark Tower , it will adapt moments from The Gunslinger .   Stephen King saw the Dark Tower series as a first draft . He planned to rewrite it to eliminate continuity errors and possibly remove himself from the later books , but after revising The Gunslinger , he decided a rewrite for the entire series was no longer necessary .

negative: The Tommyknockers The Tommyknockers is a 1987 science fiction novel by Stephen King . While maintaining a horror style , the novel is more of an excursion into the realm of science fiction for King , as the residents of the Maine town of Haven gradually fall under the influence of a mysterious object buried in the woods .   King would later look back on the novel unfavorably , describing it as `` an awful book . ''

negative: Ellery Queen (house name) Ellery Queen was the pen name for two cousins , Frederic Dannay and Manfred Bennington Lee , who wrote novels and short stories about a fictional detective character named Ellery Queen . At various points in their history , the cousins allowed the name of Ellery Queen to be used as a house name ; novels written by other writers were published under that name . The cousins also wrote four novels that were published under the name `` Barnaby Ross '' and they later allowed that name to be used as a house name . Several of the main series novels were also ghost-written , but those were controlled and edited by the cousins .

negative: Charles Franklin (author) Charles Franklin , the pen-name of Frank Hugh Usher , ( 22 October October 1909 - 1976 ) born in Leicester , Leicestershire , a British author of mystery novels and spy novels . He also wrote under the pen-names Frank Usher , and Frank Lester .   Category : British detective writers  Category : Pseudonymous writers  Category :20 th-century British writers  Category :1909 births  Category :1976 deaths

negative: Blaze (novel) Blaze is a novel by Stephen King , published under the pseudonym of Richard Bachman . King announced on his website that he `` found it '' in an attic . In fact it was written before Carrie and King offered the original draft of the novel to his Doubleday publishers at the same time as ` Salem 's Lot . They chose the latter to be his second novel and Blaze became a `` trunk novel . '' King rewrote the manuscript , editing out much of what he perceived as over-sentimentality in the original text , and offered the book for publication in 2007 . The book also contains `` Memory , '' a short story that was first published in 2006 and which King has since worked into Duma Key .

negative: Katei Watanabe Watanabe Katei ( 渡辺 霞亭 ; 18 December 1884 - 7 April 1926 ) was a Japanese writer who wrote many popular novels under the pen names Hekirurien , Kuroboshi , Ryokuensho , among others . His extensive collection of Japanese fiction from the Edo period is now housed at University of Tokyo Library .

negative: Storm of the Century Storm of the Century , alternatively known as Stephen King 's Storm of the Century , is a 1999 horror TV miniseries written by Stephen King and directed by Craig R. Baxley . Unlike many other King mini-series , Storm of the Century was not based upon a Stephen King novel -- King wrote it as a screenplay from the beginning . The screenplay was published in February 1999 .

negative: The Dark Tower: The Gunslinger `   The Gunslinger is a novel by American author Stephen King and is the first volume in the Dark Tower series , of which King wrote in 1982 that he considers his magnum opus . Initially a fix-up novel that strung together five short stories published between 1978 and 1981 , it was first published in book form in 1982 . King substantially revised the novel in 2003 , which is the version in print today . The story centers upon Roland Deschain , the last gunslinger , who has been chasing after his adversary , `` the man in black '' , for many years . The novel follows Roland 's trek through a vast desert and beyond in search of the man in black . Roland meets several people along his journey , including a boy named Jake Chambers who travels with him part of the way .

negative: Candace Camp Candace Pauline Hopcus née Camp ( May 23 , 1949 in Amarillo , Texas ) is a best-selling American writer of romance novels . She has also published under the pen names Lisa Gregory , Sharon Stephens , Kristin James and under her maiden name Candace Camp . She is mother of the also writer Anastasia Hopcus .

negative: The Shining (novel) The Shining is a horror novel by American author Stephen King . Published in 1977 , it is King 's third published novel and first hardback bestseller : the success of the book firmly established King as a preeminent author in the horror genre . The setting and characters are influenced by King 's personal experiences , including both his visit to The Stanley Hotel in 1974 and his recovery from alcoholism . The novel was followed by a sequel , Doctor Sleep , published in 2013 .   The Shining centers on the life of Jack Torrance , an aspiring writer and recovering alcoholic who accepts a position as the off-season caretaker of the historic Overlook Hotel in the Colorado Rockies . His family accompanies him on this job , including his young son Danny Torrance , who possesses `` the shining '' , an array of psychic abilities that allow Danny to see the hotel 's horrific past . Soon , after a winter storm leaves them snowbound , the supernatural forces inhabiting the hotel influence Jack 's sanity , leaving his wife and son in incredible danger .   The novel was adapted into a 1980 feature film of the same name directed by Stanley Kubrick and co-written with Diane Johnson . Although King himself remains disappointed with the adaptation , having criticized its handling of the book 's themes and of Wendy 's character , it is regarded as one of the greatest horror films ever made . A television mini-series later premiered in 1997 , with the making closely monitored by King to ensure it had followed the novel 's narrative . King wrote the series himself and was reportedly unable to criticize the Kubrick version due to his contract .

negative: The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant is a series of ten high fantasy novels written by American author Stephen R. Donaldson . The series began as a trilogy , entitled The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant , the Unbeliever . This was followed by another trilogy , The Second Chronicles of Thomas Covenant , and finally a tetralogy , The Last Chronicles of Thomas Covenant .   Thomas Covenant , an embittered and cynical writer , afflicted with leprosy and shunned by society , is fated to become the heroic savior of The Land , an alternate world . In six novels published between 1977 and 1983 , he struggles against Lord Foul , `` The Despiser '' , who intends to escape the bondage of the physical universe and wreak revenge upon his arch-enemy , `` The Creator '' .

negative: Bhubanmohan Baruah Bhubanmohan Baruah ( -LSB- : as : ভূৱন মোহন বৰুৱা , ভূবনমোহন বৰুৱা -RSB- 1914 - 1998 ) was a novelist , short story writer from Assam . He wrote many novels under the pen-name of Kanchan Baruah .

negative: Joe Hill (writer) Joseph Hillstrom King ( born June 4 , 1972 ) , better known by the pen name Joe Hill , is an American author and comic book writer . He has published four novels -- Heart-Shaped Box , Horns , NOS4A2 and The Fireman -- and a collection of short stories titled 20th Century Ghosts . He is also the author of the comic book series Locke & Key . He is the son of authors Stephen and Tabitha King .

negative: R. L. Stine Robert Lawrence Stine ( born October 8 , 1943 ) , better known by his pen name R. L. Stine and sometimes known as Jovial Bob Stine and Eric Affabee , is an American novelist , short story writer , television producer , screenwriter , and executive editor . He has been referred to as the `` Stephen King of children 's literature '' and is the author of hundreds of horror fiction novels , including the books in the Fear Street , Goosebumps , Rotten School , Mostly Ghostly , and The Nightmare Room series . Some of his other works include a Space Cadets trilogy , two Hark gamebooks , and dozens of joke books . As of 2008 , Stine 's books have sold over 400 million copies .

negative: King and Maxwell (book series) The King and Maxwell book series is a crime novel book series created by David Baldacci . There are currently six books in the series featuring two former Secret Service agents Sean King and Michelle Maxwell .

negative: From a Buick 8 From a Buick 8 is a horror novel by American writer Stephen King . Published on September 24 , 2002 , this is the second novel by King to feature a supernatural car ( the first one being Christine , which like this novel is set in Western Pennsylvania ) . According to the book sleeve : `` From a Buick 8 is a novel about our fascination with deadly things , about our insistence on answers when there are none , about terror and courage in the face of the unknowable . '' The title comes from Bob Dylan 's song `` From a Buick 6 '' .

negative: Morton Freedgood Morton Freedgood ( 1913 -- April 16 , 2006 ) was an American author who wrote The Taking of Pelham One Two Three and many other detective and mystery novels under the pen name John Godey .

negative: The Wall-to-Wall Trap The Wall-to-Wall Trap ( published in 1957 ) is a novel by Morton Freedgood . Unlike his crime novels penned under the name John Godey , Morton Freedgood wrote this novel under his own name having worked for years in the publicity departments at several movie companies .   The novel 's name has a double meaning . It is a play on wall-to-wall carpeting , signifying one of the many modern luxuries enjoyed by the main character , a high-paid publicity executive , who feels trapped in his position at a movie production company .


query: Aestheticism is a movement.

positive: Aestheticism Aestheticism ( also the Aesthetic Movement ) is an intellectual and art movement supporting the emphasis of aesthetic values more than social-political themes for literature , fine art , music and other arts . This meant that Art from this particular movement focused more on being beautiful rather than having a deeper meaning - ` Art for Art 's sake ' . It was particularly prominent in Europe during the 19th century , supported by notable figures such as Oscar Wilde , but contemporary critics are also associated with the movement , such as Harold Bloom , who has recently argued against projecting social and political ideology onto literary works , which he believes has been a growing problem in humanities departments over the last century .   In the 19th century , it was related to other movements such as symbolism or decadence represented in France , or decadentismo represented in Italy , and may be considered the British version of the same style .

negative: Aestheticization of politics The aestheticization of politics was an idea first coined by Walter Benjamin as being a key ingredient to Fascist regimes . In this theory , life and the affairs of living are conceived of as innately artistic , and related to as such politically . Politics are in turn viewed as artistic , and structured like an art form which reciprocates the artistic conception of life being seen as art .   This has also been noted as being connected to the Italian Futurist movement and postulated as its main motivation for getting involved in the Fascist regime of Italy . Alternately , the term `` the politicization of aesthetics '' has been used as a term for an ideologically opposing synthesis , sometimes associated with the Soviet Union , wherein art is ultimately subordinate to political life and thus a result of it , separate from it , but which is attempted to be incorporated for political use as theory relating to the consequential political nature of art . The author Emilio Gentile has stressed that these two ideas are not mutually exclusive , and both regimes had a large degree of the other . In Benjamin 's original formulation , however , the politicization of aesthetics was treated conceptually as the polar opposite of the aestheticization of politics , the former treated as a kind of revolutionary praxis , redeeming force , or ` antidote ' to the corrupting fascistic influence of the latter .

negative: Modernismo Modernismo is a literary movement that primarily took place during the end of Nineteenth - and early Twentieth-century in Spanish-America , best exemplified by Rubén Darío . Other notable exponents are Leopoldo Lugones , Julio Herrera y Reissig , Julián del Casal , Manuel González Prada , Aurora Cáceres , Delmira Agustini , Manuel Díaz Rodríguez and José Martí . It is a recapitulation and blending of three European currents : Romanticism , Symbolism and especially Parnassianism . Inner passions , visions , harmonies and rhythms are expressed in a rich , highly stylized verbal music . This movement was of great influence in the whole Hispanic world ( including the Philippines ) , finding a temporary vogue also among the Generation of '98 in Spain , which posited various reactions to its perceived aestheticism .

negative: Aestheticization of violence The aestheticization of violence in high culture art or mass media has been the subject of considerable controversy and debate for centuries . In Western art , graphic depictions of the Passion of Christ have long been portrayed , as have a wide range of depictions of warfare by later painters and graphic artists . Theater and , in modern times , cinema have often featured battles and violent crimes , while images and descriptions of violence have always been a part of literature . Margaret Bruder states that the aestheticization of violence in film is the depiction of violence in a `` stylistically excessive '' , `` significant and sustained way '' in which audience members are able to connect references from the `` play of images and signs '' to artworks , genre conventions , cultural symbols , or concepts .

negative: Laughing All the While Laughing All the While is the second studio album by Echo Orbiter . It was released on Looking Glass Workshop in 2000 . Receiving positive reviews , the album has been described as chaotic and orchestral brand of pop reflecting the band 's growing creative confidence , and `` a wondrous , melody-packed celebration of unfettered creativity . '' The band has described the process and product as L'art pour l'art in the style of Aestheticism and the Decadent Movement . Following a litany of production and logistical difficulties with creating and releasing the album , along with its lyrical themes , the album was viewed as a reflection of the ills of insanity .

negative: Bouzingo The Bouzingo were a group of eccentric poets , novelists , and artists in France during the 1830s that practiced an extreme form of romanticism whose influence helped determine the course of culture in the 20th century including such movements as Bohemianism , Parnassianism , Symbolism , Decadence , Aestheticism , Dadaism , Surrealism , the Lost Generation the Beat Generation , Hippies , Punk rock , etc. .

negative: Aesthetics Aesthetics ( -LSB- ɛsˈθɛtɪks -RSB- or -LSB- i : sˈθɛtɪks -RSB- also spelled æsthetics and esthetics also known in Greek as Αισθητική , or `` Aisthētiké '' ) is a branch of philosophy that explores the nature of art , beauty , and taste , with the creation and appreciation of beauty .   In its more technically epistemological perspective , it is defined as the study of subjective and sensori-emotional values , sometimes called judgements of sentiment and taste . More broadly , scholars in the field define aesthetics as `` critical reflection on art , culture and nature '' . In modern English , the term aesthetic can also refer to a set of principles underlying the works of a particular art movement or theory : one speaks , for example , of the Cubist aesthetic .

negative: Aesthetic emotions Aesthetic emotions are emotions that are felt during aesthetic activity or appreciation . These emotions may be of the everyday variety ( such as fear , wonder or sympathy ) or may be specific to aesthetic contexts . Examples of the latter include the sublime , the beautiful , and the kitsch . In each of these respects , the emotion usually constitutes only a part of the overall aesthetic experience , but may play a more or less definitive function for that state .

negative: Gérard de Lacaze-Duthiers Gérard de Lacaze-Duthiers ( 26 January 1876 -- 3 May 1958 ) was a French writer , art critic , pacifist and anarchist .   Lacaze-Duthiers , an art critic for the Symbolist review journal La Plume , was influenced by Oscar Wilde , Nietzsche and Max Stirner . His ( 1906 ) L'Ideal Humain de l'Art helped found the ` Artistocracy ' movement - a movement advocating life in the service of art . His ideal was an anti-elitist aestheticism : `` All men should be artists '' . Together with André Colomer and Manuel Devaldes , he founded L'Action d'Art , an anarchist literary journal , in 1913 .   He was a contributor to the Anarchist Encyclopedia . After World War II he contributed to the journal L'Unique .

negative: Applied aesthetics Applied aesthetics is the application of the branch of philosophy of aesthetics to cultural constructs .

negative: The New Aesthetics The New Aesthetics is an art movement that stresses the material and physical processes in the making of visual art . It is unrelated to `` The New Aesthetic '' as coined by James Bridle .

negative: Art movement An art movement is a tendency or style in art with a specific common philosophy or goal , followed by a group of artists during a restricted period of time , ( usually a few months , years or decades ) or , at least , with the heyday of the movement defined within a number of years . Art movements were especially important in modern art , when each consecutive movement was considered as a new avant-garde .

negative: Decadent movement The Decadent Movement was a late 19th-century artistic and literary movement , centered in Western Europe , that followed an aesthetic ideology of excess and artificiality . The visual artist Félicien Rops 's body of work and Joris-Karl Huysmans 's novel Against Nature ( 1884 ) are considered the prime examples of the decadent movement . It first flourished in France and then spread throughout Europe and to the United States . The movement was characterized by self-disgust , sickness at the world , general skepticism , delighting in perversion , and employing crude humor and a belief in the superiority of human creativity over logic and the natural world .

negative: Yuly Aykhenvald Yuly Isayevich Aykhenvald , Aikhenvald , or Eichenwald ( Ю́лий Иса́евич Айхенва́льд 24 January 1872 -- 17 December 1928 ) was a Russian Jewish literary critic who developed a native brand of Aestheticism and went down in history as `` a Russian version of Walter Pater '' ( Vladimir Nabokov 's assessment ) .

negative: Everyday Aesthetics Everyday Aesthetics is a recent subfield of philosophical aesthetics focusing on everyday events , settings and activities in which the faculty of sensibility is saliently at stake . Alexander Baumgarten established Aesthetics as a discipline and defined it as scientia cognitionis sensitivae , the science of sensory knowledge , in his foundational work Aesthetica ( 1750 ) . This field has been dedicated since then to the clarification of fine arts , beauty and taste only marginally referring to the aesthetics in design , crafts , urban environments and social practice until the emergence of everyday aesthetics during the ` 90s . As other subfields like environmental aesthetics or the aesthetics of nature , everyday aesthetics also attempts to countervail aesthetics ' almost exclusive focus on the philosophy of art .

negative: Ruins photography Ruins photography , sometimes called ruin porn , is a recent movement in photography that takes the decline of the built-environment ( cities , buildings , infrastructure ) as its subject . While `` ruins '' may be broadly defined as the remnants , or residue of human achievement from the temples of ancient Sumeria to Machu Picchu , ruins photography refers specifically to the capture of urban decay and decline in the post-industrial zones of the world . Ruins photography aestheticizes the abandonment and decline of the city most of all , and has sparked conversations about the role of art in various revitalization and restoration projects from Detroit to Berlin .

negative: Romanticism Romanticism ( also the Romantic era or the Romantic period ) was an artistic , literary , musical and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850 . Romanticism was characterized by its emphasis on emotion and individualism as well as glorification of all the past and nature , preferring the medieval rather than the classical . It was partly a reaction to the Industrial Revolution , the aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment , and the scientific rationalization of nature -- all components of modernity . It was embodied most strongly in the visual arts , music , and literature , but had a major impact on historiography , education , and the natural sciences . It had a significant and complex effect on politics , and while for much of the Romantic period it was associated with liberalism and radicalism , its long-term effect on the growth of nationalism was perhaps more significant .   The movement emphasized intense emotion as an authentic source of aesthetic experience , placing new emphasis on such emotions as apprehension , horror and terror , and awe -- especially that experienced in confronting the new aesthetic categories of the sublimity and beauty of nature . It elevated folk art and ancient custom to something noble , but also spontaneity as a desirable characteristic ( as in the musical impromptu ) . In contrast to the Rationalism and Classicism of the Enlightenment , Romanticism revived medievalism and elements of art and narrative perceived as authentically medieval in an attempt to escape population growth , early urban sprawl , and industrialism .   Although the movement was rooted in the German Sturm und Drang movement , which preferred intuition and emotion to the rationalism of the Enlightenment , the events and ideologies of the French Revolution were also proximate factors . Romanticism assigned a high value to the achievements of `` heroic '' individualists and artists , whose examples , it maintained , would raise the quality of society . It also promoted the individual imagination as a critical authority allowed of freedom from classical notions of form in art . There was a strong recourse to historical and natural inevitability , a Zeitgeist , in the representation of its ideas . In the second half of the 19th century , Realism was offered as a polar opposite to Romanticism . The decline of Romanticism during this time was associated with multiple processes , including social and political changes and the spread of nationalism .

negative: Walt Cassidy (artist) Walt Cassidy , born in Los Alamitos California , is a New York City-based artist , notable for his contemporary art and participation in the New York City Club Kids culture . His explorative art emphasizes narrative abstraction , aestheticism , and conceptualism .

negative: Theo Marzials Théophile-Jules-Henri `` Theo '' Marzials ( 20 December 1850 -- 2 February 1920 ) was a British composer , singer and poet . Marzials was described in 1894 as a `` poet and eccentric '' by parodist Max Beerbohm , and , after writing and performing several popular songs , vanished into obscurity . His poetry is seen as an example of 19th-century aestheticism .

negative: Aesthetica Aesthetica is an international art and culture magazine , founded in 2002 . The magazine is published bi-monthly and covers contemporary art from around the world , featuring photography , visual art , design , film , music and theatre . The magazine offers a respected opinion on visual art and culture . It has a print and digital readership of over 311,000 and national and international distribution . Cherie Federico , Managing Director and Editor of Aesthetica was appointed a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts in 2008 .

negative: Theological aesthetics Theological aesthetics is the interdisciplinary study of theology and aesthetics , and has been defined as being `` concerned with questions about God and issues in theology in the light of and perceived through sense knowledge ( sensation , feeling , imagination ) , through beauty , and the arts '' . This field of study is broad and includes not only a theology of beauty , but also the dialogue between theology and the arts , such as dance , drama , film , literature , music , poetry , and the visual arts .   Notable theologians and philosophers that have dealt with this subject include Augustine of Hippo , Thomas Aquinas , Martin Luther , Jonathan Edwards , Søren Kierkegaard , Karl Barth , and Hans Urs von Balthasar , among others .   Theological aesthetics has recently seen rapid growth as a subject for discussions , publications , and advanced academic studies .

negative: Expressionism Expressionism was a modernist movement , initially in poetry and painting , originating in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century . Its typical trait is to present the world solely from a subjective perspective , distorting it radically for emotional effect in order to evoke moods or ideas . Expressionist artists sought to express the meaning of emotional experience rather than physical reality .   Expressionism was developed as an avant-garde style before the First World War . It remained popular during the Weimar Republic , particularly in Berlin . The style extended to a wide range of the arts , including expressionist architecture , painting , literature , theatre , dance , film and music .   The term is sometimes suggestive of angst . In a general sense , painters such as Matthias Grünewald and El Greco are sometimes termed expressionist , though in practice the term is applied mainly to 20th-century works . The Expressionist emphasis on individual perspective has been characterized as a reaction to positivism and other artistic styles such as Naturalism and Impressionism .

negative: Another Beauty Another Beauty ( W cudzym pięknie ) is a 1998 memoir by the Polish poet Adam Zagajewski . It focuses on Zagajewski 's student years and early time as a poet in Kraków in the 1960s and 1970s , and his involvement with the artist group `` Now '' , leaving aestheticism behind to focus on contemporary politics and clash with communist authorities .

negative: Émaux et Camées Émaux et Camées ( `` Enamels and Cameos '' ) is a collection of poetry by French poet Théophile Gautier . Originally published in 1852 with 18 poems , Émaux et camées grew to include 37 poems in later editions . Whereas Gautier 's earlier work was more concerned with romantic aestheticism , the formalism of this last collection is a point of reference for the arrival of Parnassianism .

negative: Aesthetics of nature Aesthetics of nature is a sub-field of philosophical ethics , and refers to the study of natural objects from their aesthetical perspective .

negative: Pictorialism Pictorialism is the name given to an international style and aesthetic movement that dominated photography during the later 19th and early 20th centuries . There is no standard definition of the term , but in general it refers to a style in which the photographer has somehow manipulated what would otherwise be a straightforward photograph as a means of `` creating '' an image rather than simply recording it . Typically , a pictorial photograph appears to lack a sharp focus ( Some more so than others ) , is printed in one or more colors other than black-and-white ( ranging from warm brown to deep blue ) and may have visible brush strokes or other manipulation of the surface . For the pictorialist , a photograph , like a painting , drawing or engraving , was a way of projecting an emotional intent into the viewer 's realm of imagination .   Pictorialism as a movement thrived from about 1885 to 1915 , although it was still being promoted by some as late as the 1940s . It began in response to claims that a photograph was nothing more than a simple record of reality , and transformed into an international movement to advance the status of all photography as a true art form . For more than three decades painters , photographers and art critics debated opposing artistic philosophies , ultimately culminating in the acquisition of photographs by several major art museums .   Pictorialism gradually declined in popularity after 1920 , although it did not fade out of popularity until the end of World War II . During this period the new style of photographic Modernism came into vogue , and the public 's interest shifted to more sharply focused images . Several important 20th-century photographers began their careers in a pictorialist style but transitioned into sharply focused photography by the 1930s .

negative: Aesthetic Realism Aesthetic Realism is the philosophy founded by poet and critic Eli Siegel ( 1902 -- 1978 ) in 1941 . It is based on three core principles . First , the deepest desire of every person is to like the world on an honest or accurate basis . Second , the greatest danger for a person is to have contempt for the world and what is in it -- contempt defined as the false importance or glory from the lessening of things not oneself . Third , the study of what makes for beauty in art is a guide for a good life : `` All beauty is a making one of opposites , and the making one of opposites is what we are going after in ourselves . ''   The philosophy is principally taught at the Aesthetic Realism Foundation , a nonprofit educational foundation based in SoHo , New York City , through a variety of lectures , classes in poetry , anthropology , art , music , and individual consultations .   The Foundation faced controversy for its assertion that men changed from homosexuality through study of this philosophy . In 1990 , it stopped presentations and consultations on this subject , explaining that it did not want to be involved in the atmosphere of anger surrounding the issue , and saying that `` we do not want this matter , which is certainly not fundamental to Aesthetic Realism , to be used to obscure what Aesthetic Realism truly is : education of the largest , most cultural kind . ''

negative: American Society for Aesthetics American Society for Aesthetics ( ASA ) is a philosophical organization founded in 1942 to promote the study of aesthetics . philosophy The ASA sponsors national and regional conferences , and publishes the Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism , the American Society for Aesthetics Graduate Ejournal , and the ASA Newsletter . The organization also funds various projects .

negative: Visionists The Visionists were an informal social club based in Boston , Massachusetts in the late 19th century , focused on the members ' shared interests in artists , writers , and cultural movements . Participants included :  Writer/architect Ralph Adams Cram  Publisher/photographer F. Holland Day  Poet Louise Imogen Guiney  Designer/architect Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue  Poet Bliss Carman  Poet Richard Hovey  Writer Alice Brown  Musician/composer Frederic Field Bullard  Editor/Publisher/Entrepreneur Herbert Small ( also co-founder of the world 's first public relations firm )  Publisher Herbert Copeland  Publisher/photographer Francis Watts Lee  Illustrator/painter Thomas Buford Meteyard  Playwright/actor John C. `` Jack '' Abbott  Writer Jonathan Thayer Lincoln  According to Cram 's autobiography , the Visionists were a `` social-controversial-inspiration group '' that never numbered more than twenty , made up of the `` madder and more fantastic members '' of a similar but larger group called `` The Pewter Mugs '' . They held periodic meetings in their `` hideout '' on Boston 's Province Court , as well as gatherings in suburban locations such as Day 's house in Norwood , Massachusetts .   The members ' shared interests included medieval art and architecture , Aestheticism , the Decadent movement , Christian Socialism , the Arts and Crafts Movement , the Pre-Raphaelites , and Theosophy . Favorite writers and artists included Oscar Wilde , William Morris , John Ruskin , and Dante Gabriel Rossetti . From 1892-1893 the group edited a literary journal titled The Knight Errant , published by Francis Watts Lee .

negative: Die Welt ist schön Die Welt ist schön ( The World is Beautiful ) is a 1928 book of photography by German photographer Albert Renger-Patzsch . A popular work at the time , Die Welt ist schön is generally considered one of the most important books of photography published in the Weimar Republic , and as an iconic example of the photography of New Objectivity . Renger-Patzsch 's book provoked emphatic reactions upon release : while contemporaries such as Ernst Toller and Thomas Mann praised Die Welt ist schön , it was sharply criticized by figures like Walter Benjamin and Bertolt Brecht , who felt that Renger-Patzsch 's work was too beholden to a naive idea of photographic realism and ended up aestheticizing everything , thus obscuring social realities .

negative: Daniel Cottier Daniel Cottier ( 1838 -- 1891 ) was an artist and designer born in Anderston , Glasgow , Scotland . His work was said to be influenced by the writing of John Ruskin , the paintings of the Dante Gabriel Rossetti and the work of William Morris . He painted allegorical figures in the Pre-Raphaelite style of Rossetti and Sir Edward Burne-Jones . Cottier is considered to be an important influence on Louis Comfort Tiffany and also is credited with introducing the Aesthetic movement to America and Australia .   Cottier was interested in glass , furniture , ceramic manufacture , and interior design . His art furnishing business opened branches in Edinburgh , Glasgow and London between 1864 and 1869 , and then in 1873 he opened more branches in New York , Sydney and Melbourne . In the United States he is seen as a ` harbinger of aestheticism ... . and a profound influence on American decoration ' . And the same can be said of Scotland where he also exported the Aesthetic Movement to Scotland via his many professional and business contacts which he had made during his training and early career in Glasgow , Edinburgh and Aberdeen . So , by the time he moved to London in 1869 , Cottier was already part of an influential and avart-garde group of designers -- many of them also expatriate Scots -- who were to establish the Aesthetic Movement in England .

negative: Select Conversations with an Uncle Select Conversations with an Uncle , published in 1895 , was H.G. Wells 's first literary publication in book form . It consists of reports of twelve conversations between a fictional witty uncle who has returned to London from South Africa with `` a certain affluence , '' as well as two other conversations ( one on aestheticism that takes place in a train , titled `` A Misunderstood Artist , '' and another on physiognomy , titled `` The Man with a Nose '' ) .

negative: Yuliy Yuliy is a given name . Notable people with the name include :   Yuliy Aykhenval 'd or Yuly Aykhenvald ( 1872 -- 1928 ) , Russian Jewish literary critic who developed a native brand of Aestheticism  Yuliy Daniel or Yuli Daniel ( 1925 -- 1988 ) , Soviet dissident writer , poet , translator , and political prisoner  Yuliy Dmitrievich Engel ( 1868 -- 1927 ) , music critic , composer and one of the leading figures in the Jewish art music movement  Yuliy Ganf ( 1898 -- 1973 ) , Soviet Russian graphic artist , People 's Artist of the USSR  Yuliy Kim ( born 1936 ) , one of Russia 's foremost bards and playwrights  Yuliy Meitus ( 1903 -- 1997 ) , distinguished Ukrainian composer , famous for his operas  Yuliy Mikhailovich Vorontsov ( 1929 -- 2007 ) , Russian diplomat , President of International Centre of the Roerichs ( Moscow )  Yuliy Osipovich Tsederbaum ( 1873 -- 1923 ) , leader of the Mensheviks in early twentieth century Russia


query: Kareem Abdul-Jabbar is not ranked 3rd all-time in rebounds.

positive: Kareem Abdul-Jabbar Kareem Abdul-Jabbar ( born Ferdinand Lewis Alcindor Jr. ; April 16 , 1947 ) is an American retired professional basketball player who played 20 seasons in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) for the Milwaukee Bucks and the Los Angeles Lakers . During his career as a center , Abdul-Jabbar was a record six-time NBA Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) , a record 19-time NBA All-Star , a 15-time All-NBA selection , and an 11-time NBA All-Defensive Team member . A member of six NBA championship teams as a player and two as an assistant coach , Abdul-Jabbar twice was voted NBA Finals MVP . In 1996 , he was honored as one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History . NBA coach Pat Riley and players Isiah Thomas and Julius Erving have called him the greatest basketball player of all time .   After winning 71 consecutive basketball games on his high school team in New York City , Alcindor attended college at UCLA , where he played for coach John Wooden on three consecutive national championship basketball teams and was a record three-time MVP of the NCAA Tournament . Drafted by the one-season-old Bucks franchise in the 1969 NBA draft with the first overall pick , Alcindor spent six seasons in Milwaukee . After winning his first NBA championship in 1971 , he adopted the Muslim name Kareem Abdul-Jabbar at age 24 . Using his trademark `` skyhook '' shot , he established himself as one of the league 's top scorers . In 1975 , he was traded to the Lakers , with whom he played the last 14 seasons of his career and won five additional NBA championships . Abdul-Jabbar 's contributions were a key component in the `` Showtime '' era of Lakers basketball . Over his 20-year NBA career his team succeeded in making the playoffs 18 times and past the 1st round in 14 of them ; his team reached the NBA Finals 10 times .   At the time of his retirement in 1989 , Abdul-Jabbar was the NBA 's all-time leader in points scored ( 38,387 ) , games played ( 1,560 ) , minutes played ( 57,446 ) , field goals made ( 15,837 ) , field goal attempts ( 28,307 ) , blocked shots ( 3,189 ) , defensive rebounds ( 9,394 ) , career wins ( 1,074 ) , and personal fouls ( 4,657 ) . He remains the all-time leading scorer in the NBA , and player with most career wins . He is ranked 3rd all-time in both rebounds and blocks . In 2007 , ESPN voted him the greatest center of all time , in 2008 , they named him the `` greatest player in college basketball history '' , and in 2016 , they named him the second best player in NBA history ( behind Michael Jordan ) . Abdul-Jabbar has also been an actor , a basketball coach , and a best-selling author . In 2012 , he was selected by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton to be a U.S. global cultural ambassador . In 2016 , he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama .

negative: Syed Abdul Jabbar Shah Syed Abdul-Jabbar Shah Tirmizi , nephew of Syed Akbar Shah Tirmizi and great grand son of Pir Baba , was made ruler by a local Jirga and had trouble exercising power . Syed Abdul-Jabbar Shah Tirmizi become prime minister of State of Amb in late 1920 's .

negative: Parade All-America Boys Basketball Team The Parade All-America Boys Basketball Team was an annual selection by Parade that nationally honored the top high school boys basketball players in the United States . It was part of the Parade All-American series that originated with boys basketball before branching to other sports . Started by the Sunday magazine in 1957 , it had been the longest ongoing selection of high school basketball All-Americans in the country at the time of its final selections in 2015 . Many of the honorees went on to star as college and professional basketball players . As of March 2011 , there were 162 Parade All-Americans that were playing in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) .   At its onset , the selections were handled by a New York-based public relations firm , Publicity Enterprises , which was led by Haskell Cohen , who was a former sportswriter as well as the publicity director for the NBA at the time ( 1950 -- 1969 ) . The first All-America team in 1957 consisted of three five-player teams , and the first-team selections appeared on television on The Steve Allen Show . The following year , 20 players were selected and participated in the first annual Parade All-American high school game . The list later expanded to 40 of the nation 's top players , divided into four teams of 10 each . Kareem Abdul-Jabbar , known then as Lew Alcindor , became the first sophomore in 1963 to be named a Parade All-American . Earl Jones was the next to earn the distinction 15 years later as a sophomore , and subsequently joined Abdul-Jabbar as the first two players to be named to the first team on three occasions . `` It was a real thrill for me to make it on the Parade list early , when I was just a sophomore . The recognition is a great thing for kids to shoot for , '' said Abdul-Jabbar as part of the announcement for the 2000 team .   Starting in 2011 , the selections were compiled in conjunction with Sporting News and their writer , Brian McLaughlin . Candidates also began to be limited to players in their senior year . The selections went to a single-team format in 2012 , and the size was reduced from 40 to a 20-player first team in 2014 . McLaughlin described the selections as mostly Division I college-bound players that had a stellar senior year in high school . Additionally , Parade differentiated itself from most other All-American teams by not focusing solely on a player 's standing among college recruiters . For example , some selectors might choose top recruits that had been injured much of their senior year . Parade discontinued its boys basketball All-America selections after 2015 .

negative: 1980 NBA Finals The 1980 NBA World Championship Series was the championship round of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) 's 1979 -- 80 season , and the conclusion of the season 's playoffs . The Western Conference champion Los Angeles Lakers defeated the Eastern Conference champion Philadelphia 76ers 4 games to 2 .   Kareem Abdul-Jabbar was the league 's MVP , but midway through Game 5 , the Lakers center suffered a severely sprained ankle . He managed to come back in the game in the fourth quarter to lead the Lakers to victory and a 3-2 lead in the best-of-seven series . But the Lakers still had to travel to Philadelphia for Game 6 . Abdul-Jabbar was listed as out of Game 6 , although 76ers coach Billy Cunningham was quoted as saying `` I wo n't believe he 's not playing until their plane lands and he 's not on it . '' As it turned out , Kareem did not make the trip and was listed as doubtful if Game 7 had been needed .   In Game 6 , Magic Johnson played what may have been the greatest game of his career . Playing on the road , Johnson ( a 6 ' 9 '' rookie point guard ) started the game at center and eventually played all five positions in a dominating performance . Scoring a game-high 42 points and grabbing a game-high 15 rebounds -- and handing out seven assists -- Johnson led the Lakers to the NBA crown . The Lakers also received strong performances from Jamaal Wilkes with 37 points and 10 rebounds , and Norm Nixon . Jim Chones played strong defense on 76ers center Darryl Dawkins , while Mark Landsberger provided rebounding off the bench , and little used Brad Holland chipped in eight key points .   Magic Johnson 's performance in Game 6 and the series earned him the 1980 NBA Finals Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) . What made Johnson 's performance even more remarkable was that he was an NBA rookie -- and , indeed , one who had left college after only two years , and was only 20 years old . `` Jamaal Wilkes had an unbelievable game '' , said Johnson in 2011 . `` Everybody talked about my 42 -LSB- points -RSB- , but it was also his -LSB- 37-point effort -RSB- . ''   On a side note , here , in Game 4 of the 1980 Finals , Julius Erving executed the legendary Baseline Move , an incredible , behind-the-board reverse layup that seemed to defy gravity . Play-by-play announcer Brent Musburger has noted that Erving made such moves almost routinely in his ABA days -- but the ABA had no national TV contract in those days . This Game 4 move , played to a national audience in a title game , has probably become Julius Erving 's most famous move .   This was also the first NBA Finals to make use of the three-point line , which debuted that season .

negative: Khan Abdul Bahram Khan Khan Abdul Bahram Khan was founder of major political family of Pakistan . Khan Abdul Bahram Khan 's sons Khan Abdul Jabbar Khan ( usually referred to as `` Dr. Khan Sahib '' ) and Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan were political leaders in Pakistan   Khan Abdul Bahram Khan was a land owner , farmer , and the chief of Pashtun tribe Mohammedzai in Charsadda , North-West Frontier Province , British India .

negative: 1991 NBA Finals The 1991 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1990 -- 91 NBA season . It was also the first NBA Finals broadcast by NBC after 17 years with CBS .   The documentary `` Learning to Fly , '' narrated by Jeff Kaye , recaps Chicago 's successful first championship season . The theme song is `` Learning to Fly '' by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers .   The Chicago Bulls of the Eastern Conference took on the Los Angeles Lakers of the Western Conference for the title , with Chicago having home court advantage . It was Michael Jordan 's first NBA Finals appearance , Magic Johnson 's last , and the last NBA Finals for the Lakers until 2000 . The Bulls would win the series , 4-1 . Jordan averaged 31.2 points on 56 % shooting , 11.4 assists , 6.6 rebounds , 2.8 steals and 1.4 blocks en route to his first NBA Finals MVP Award .   The series was not the first time that the Bulls and Lakers faced off in the playoffs . Prior to 1991 , they met for four postseason series ( 1968 , 1971 , 1972 and 1973 ) , all Lakers victories . Chicago was a member of the Western Conference at the time and moved into the East in 1981 . The 1991 Finals marked the first time the Bulls defeated the Lakers in a playoff series .   This series would mark the end of the Lakers Showtime era and the beginning of the Bulls ' dynasty . After winning five championships in eight finals appearances in the 1980s , the Lakers would struggle for the rest of the 1990s before winning five championships between the 1999-2000 and 2009-10 seasons .   The 1991 Lakers were led by Johnson , already in his thirties , playing in his last full year , as was fellow All-Star teammate James Worthy ; Kareem Abdul-Jabbar had retired two seasons earlier . The Bulls , led by NBA MVP Michael Jordan and superstar small forward Scottie Pippen , would win five more championships after 1991 in a seven-year span , cementing their status as a dynasty before struggling badly in a post-MJ era that saw them take several years to even become average .   When it was all said and done , Michael Jordan became only the third man in NBA history ( after George Mikan and Abdul-Jabbar ) to capture the scoring title and the NBA Finals Championship in the same season .   Until 2015 , the Bulls were the last team to win an NBA championship despite fielding a full roster lacking in championship or Finals experience . None of the Bulls players had logged even a minute of NBA Finals experience prior to this .

negative: Lisa Willis Lisa Camille Willis ( born June 13 , 1984 ) was an American professional women 's basketball player with the Los Angeles Sparks and New York Liberty of the Women 's National Basketball Association . She entered the WNBA in 2006 as the overall fifth draft pick to the Los Angeles Sparks immediately following her college career at University of California , Los Angeles . While Willis played for the Los Angeles Sparks for her first two seasons , she was playing for the New York Liberty her last two seasons where she led the WNBA in three pointers in 2008 .   Willis enjoyed a successful college career at UCLA where she had an amazing presence offensively and defensively . In 2006 as a senior , Willis was named prior to the season by Nancy Lieberman of ESPN as the nation 's best defender , named Honorable mention AP All American , selected Third Team All American selection by Women 's Basketball News Service , named as a Pre Season Naismith Award Nominee , nominated for the Bayer Advantage Senior Class Award , was UCLA 's All time 3point shot leader ( second on All Time PAC10 list ) , ranked ninth on the All Time UCLA Scoring List , ranked fifth at UCLA in all time games played , ranked 13th on all time school rebounding list , ranked 10th in all time school scoring list , ranked 8th in all time school free throw percentage , ranked second in all time school steal list and listed as the first player in history to record three straight seasons with 100 or more steals .   In 2005 as a junior , Willis was deemed as UCLA 's all time 3point shot leader , was selected first team All PAC10 , was ranked sixth in nation in steals , became first Bruin to record back to back 100 steals seasons , tied her own school record for made 3point shots , recorded 26 double figure scoring games and tallied nine double figure rebounding games . She was also selected to the 2005 USA Team and won a gold medal in Izmir , Turkey .   In 2004 as a sophomore , Willis tallied a total of 100 steals ( which was the most ever by a UCLA sophomore ) , was ranked third in NCAA in steals per game , was ranked ninth for sophomores scoring at UCLA , ranked first in PAC10 in steals , ranked first in PAC10 in 3point shots made , ranked seventh in PAC10 in defensive rebounding , 15th in overall rebounding , and ranked tenth in PAC10 in scoring .   In 2003 as a freshman , Willis Finished the regular season seventh in PAC10 3pointers made and ranked second on UCLA 's all-time single season frosh list for 3pointer .

negative: Naeemi Naeemi is an Arabic surname . Notable people with the surname include :   Abdul Jabbar Naeemi , Afghan diplomat and politician  Sarfraz Ahmed Naeemi , Pakistani cleric   Category : Arabic-language surnames

negative: Daily Awami Awaz Awami Awaz is a Sindhi daily newspaper and news TV channel in Pakistan . Its published form Karachi . Its Editors are Dr. Abdul Jabbar Khattak & Dr. Khair Mohammad Juno .   Power to Reach Sindh  عوامي حقن جي ترجمان ، ڪمپيوٽر تي پهرين مڪمل سنڌي اخبار  روزاني عوامي آواز ڪراچي

negative: Shama Parveen Magsi Shama Parveen Magsi ( Urdu : -LSB- ) , ( born March 15 , 1950 ) is a politician from Balochistan , Pakistan . She was elected to Provincial Assembly of Balochistan and was appointed as Minister of Information Technology , Provincial Coordination on NGOs Program ( National / International ) and Universities . Shama Parveen Magsi is married to Nawab Zulfikar Ali Magsi former Chief Minister of Balochistan . Prince Abdul Karim Khan was her father . She earned her BA degree ( recently declared bogus and fake by the university ( Dawn News ) ) . Shama Parveen Magsi brother , Agha Irfan Kareem and his wife Rubina Irfan Kareem are also members of Provincial Assembly of Balochistan .

negative: Sana College of Information Science & Management Sana Educational Charitable Trust 's Sana College of Information Science & Management , Hubli , Karnataka State , India , began in 2003 under the guidance of Prof. Abdul Kareem and his team .   The Bachelor of Business Administration , Bachelor of Computer Applications , and Post Graduation Diploma in Computer Applications are affiliated to Karnataka University Dharwad .