query: circus mammals

positive: Asian elephant The Asian or Asiatic elephant (Elephas maximus) is the only living species of the genus Elephas and is distributed in Southeast Asia from India in the west to Borneo in the east. Three subspecies are recognised—Elephas maximus maximus from Sri Lanka, the Indian elephant or E. m. indicus from mainland Asia, and E. m. sumatranus from the island of Sumatra. Asian elephants are the largest living land animals in Asia.Since 1986, E.

positive: Asiatic lion The Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica), also known as the Indian lion or Persian lion, is a lion subspecies that exists as a single population in India's Gujarat state.

positive: Barbary lion The Barbary lion (Panthera leo leo), sometimes referred to as the Atlas lion, North African lion or Numidian lion, was an African lion population native to North Africa, including the Atlas Mountains, that is now considered extinct in the wild.It is believed that the last wild Barbary lions died out or were killed in the 1950s and early 1960s.

positive: Bear Bears are mammals of the family Ursidae. Bears are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans, with the pinnipeds being their closest living relatives. Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Northern Hemisphere and partially in the Southern Hemisphere.

positive: Brown bear The brown bear (Ursus arctos) is a large bear distributed across much of northern Eurasia and North America and (with the polar bear) is the largest land-based predator on earth. There are several recognized subspecies within the brown bear species.While the brown bear's range has shrunk and it has faced local extinctions, it remains listed as a least concern species by the IUCN with a total population of approximately 200,000.

positive: California sea lion The California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) is a coastal eared seal native to western North America. It is one of five species of sea lion. Its natural habitat ranges from southeast Alaska to central Mexico, including the Gulf of California. Sea lions are sexually dimorphic, males are larger than females, and have a thicker neck and protruding crest. They mainly haul-out on sandy or rocky beaches, but they also frequent manmade environments such as marinas and wharves.

positive: Chimpanzee Chimpanzees (sometimes called chimps) are one of the two species of the genus Pan, the other being the bonobo. Together with gorillas, they are the only exclusively African species of great ape that are currently extant. Native to sub-Saharan Africa, both chimpanzees and bonobos are currently found in the Congo jungle.

positive: Elephant Elephants are large mammals of the family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea. Two species are traditionally recognised, the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) and the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), although some evidence suggests that African bush elephants and African forest elephants are separate species (L. africana and L. cyclotis respectively). Elephants are scattered throughout sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia.

positive: Lion The lion (Panthera leo) is one of the five big cats in the genus Panthera and a member of the family Felidae. The commonly used term African lion collectively denotes the several subspecies found in Africa.  With some males exceeding 250 kg (550 lb) in weight, it is the second-largest living cat after the tiger.

positive: Monkey Monkeys are haplorhine "\dry-nosed") primates, a paraphyletic group generally possessing tails and consisting of approximately 260 known living species. Many monkey species are tree-dwelling (arboreal), although there are species that live primarily on the ground, such as baboons. Most species are also active during the day (diurnal).

positive: Sea lion Sea lions are sea mammals characterized by external ear flaps, long foreflippers, the ability to walk on all fours, and short, thick hair. Together with the fur seals, they comprise the family Otariidae, eared seals, which contains six extant and one extinct species (the Japanese sea lion) in five genera. Their range extends from the subarctic to tropical waters of the global ocean in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, with the notable exception of the northern Atlantic Ocean.

positive: White tiger The white tiger is a pigmentation variant of the Bengal tiger, which is reported in the wild from time to time in the Indian states of Assam, Bengal, Bihar, Sunderbans and especially in the former State of Rewa.

negative: African marsh harrier The African marsh harrier (Circus ranivorus) is a bird of prey belonging to the harrier genus Circus. It is found in southern, central and eastern Africa from South Africa north to South Sudan with a vagrant record from Nigeria. It is particularly common in the Okavango Delta in Botswana (Simmons 1997).

negative: American Circus Corporation The American Circus Corporation consisted of the Sells-Floto Circus, the Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus, the John Robinson Circus, the Sparks Circus, and the Al G. Barnes Circus. It was owned by Jerry Mugivan, Bert Bowers and Ed Ballard. They sold the company in 1929 to John Nicholas Ringling for $1.7 million ($23.3 million today).  With that acquisition, Ringling owned virtually every traveling circus in America.

negative: Arne Arnardo Arne Arnardo (12 October 1912 – 4 May 1995), born Arne Otto Lorang Andersen, was a Norwegian circus performer and -owner, generally referred to as the "circus king" of Norway. He escaped with the circus at an early age, took the stage name "Arnardo", and developed proficiency in several different acts. In 1949, he opened his own circus, under the name of Cirkus Arnardo.

negative: Asian black bear The Asian black bear (Ursus thibetanus, previously known as Selenarctos thibetanus) is also known as moon bear and white-chested bear. It is a medium-sized bear species and largely adapted to arboreal life. It is found in the Himalayas, in the northern parts of the Indian subcontinent, Korea, northeastern China, the Russian Far East, the Honshū and Shikoku islands of Japan, and Taiwan.

negative: Barnum's Kaleidoscape Barnum's Kaleidoscape was an American circus staged by Feld Entertainment, the owners of Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, at a start-up cost of $10 million. It ran for one season, 1999-2000.Inspired by both European traditions and the contemporary circus movement, it was the first Ringling show to be held under a tent since 1956 and also its first one-ring presentation in more than a century.

negative: Beaman (cryptid) Tales about the existence of the Beaman Monster in Kansas City have been around for more than a century. There is no proof, however, that such a creature exists. The common tale goes that in 1904, a circus train derailed. During the crash its animals escaped, but were quickly retrieved. Unfortunately, one of the biggest and most-feared animals, a "12-foot-tall gorilla" had eluded capture. The tales claim that the Beaman Monster was the offspring of the circus animal escapee.

negative: Bushbuck The bushbuck is the most widespread antelope in Sub-Saharan Africa, and is found in rain forests, montane forests, forest-savanna mosaics and bush savannaforest and woodland. Recently, genetic studies have shown that the bushbuck is, in fact, a complex of two geographically and phenotypically distinct species.

negative: Camel A camel is an even-toed ungulate within the genus Camelus, bearing distinctive fatty deposits known as "humps" on its back. The two surviving species of camel are the dromedary, or one-humped camel (C. dromedarius), which inhabits the Middle East and the Horn of Africa; and the bactrian, or two-humped camel (C. bactrianus), which inhabits Central Asia.

negative: Carl Hagenbeck Carl Hagenbeck (June 10, 1844 – April 14, 1913) was a German merchant of wild animals who supplied many European zoos, as well as P. T. Barnum.  He created the modern zoo with animal enclosures without bars that were closer to their natural habitat. The transformation of the zoo architecture initiated by him is known as the Hagenbeck revolution.

negative: Cat The domestic cat (Felis catus or Felis silvestris catus) is a small, usually furry, domesticated, and carnivorous mammal. They are often called housecats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.

negative: Charles Edward Ringling Charles Edward Ringling (December 2, 1863 – December 3, 1926) was one of the Ringling brothers, who owned the Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Circus. He was in charge of production and greatly admired by the employees, who called him "Mr. Charlie" and sought his advice and help even for personal problems.

negative: Ciniselli Circus Circus Ciniselli (Russian: Цирк Чинизелли) was the first brick-built circus in Russia; it is situated beside the Fontanka in Saint Petersburg.The building, which still stands, was opened on 26 December 1877, with a large stage (13 meters in diameter) and stables (housing 150 horses). The architect was Vasily Kenel.The Italian circus performer Gaetano Ciniselli (1815-1881) first visited Saint Petersburg in 1847, as part of the troupe of Alessandro Guerra.

negative: Circomedia Circomedia is a school for contemporary circus and physical theatre based in Bristol, England. The school offers a variety of training courses and workshops that teach circus skills in the context of physical theatre, performance and creativity.It was founded in 1993 by Bim Mason and Helen Crocker, rising out of the ashes of Fooltime, Britain’s first circus school. It is financially supported by Arts Council South West and a range of other funding.Since 2004, Circomedia has been based in St.

negative: Circus A circus is a company of performers that may include clowns, acrobats, trained animals, trapeze acts, musicians, hoopers, tightrope walkers, jugglers, unicyclists and other object manipulation and stunt-oriented artists. The term 'circus' also describes the performance which has followed various formats through its 150-year modern history. Philip Astley is credited with being the 'father' of the modern circus when he opened the first circus in 1768 in England.

negative: Circus (building) The Roman circus (from Latin, "circle") was a large open-air venue used for public events in the ancient Roman Empire. The circuses were similar to the ancient Greek hippodromes, although circuses served varying purposes and differed in design and construction. Along with theatres and amphitheatres, Circuses were one of the main entertainment sites of the time.

negative: Circus (song) "Circus" is a song recorded by American singer Britney Spears for her sixth studio album of the same name (2008). It was released on December 2, 2008, by Jive Records as the second single from the album. Written by Dr. Luke, Claude Kelly and Benny Blanco, "Circus" is a metaphor for the public's perception of Spears' life. After she listened to the track for the first time, she felt inspired to create an album and a tour with a circus theme.

negative: Circus Circus Las Vegas Circus Circus Las Vegas is a hotel and 123,928 sq ft (11,513.3 m2) casino located on the Las Vegas Strip in Winchester, Nevada. It is owned and operated by MGM Resorts International. Circus Circus features circus acts and carnival type games daily on the Midway.Circus Circus is the largest permanent big top in the world.

negative: Circus Circus Reno Circus Circus Reno is a hotel and casino located in Reno, Nevada. It is owned and operated by MGM Resorts International (sale to Eldorado Resorts pending).

negative: Circus Hall of Fame Wallace Circus and American Circus Corporation Winter Quarters, also known as Peru Circus Farm or Valley Farms, is located in Peru, Indiana. It was associated with the Wallace Circus. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1987.The site is now the home of the International Circus Hall of Fame, which honors important figures in circus history.  The museum exhibits posters, wagons and models, including a miniature replica of the 1934 Hagenbeck Wallace Circus.

negative: Circus Juventas Circus Juventas (formerly Circus of the Star) is a youth performing arts circus school located in Saint Paul, Minnesota, serving youth throughout the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area. The organization was founded in 1994 by Dan and Betty Butler, and offers circus arts training to young people ranging from 3 to 21 years old.Emulating the style of Cirque du Soleil, Circus Juventas's first show was at Saint Paul's Highland Fest in 1995.

negative: Circus Maximus The Circus Maximus (Latin for greatest or largest circus, in Italian Circo Massimo) is an ancient Roman chariot racing stadium and mass entertainment venue located in Rome, Italy. Situated in the valley between the Aventine and Palatine hills, it was the first and largest stadium in ancient Rome and its later Empire. It measured 621 m (2,037 ft) in length and 118 m (387 ft) in width, and could accommodate over 150,000 spectators.

negative: Circus Smirkus Circus Smirkus is a non-profit, award-winning, international youth circus founded in 1987 by Rob Mermin. Based in Greensboro, Vermont, the mission of Circus Smirkus is to promote the skills, culture and traditions of the traveling circus and to inspire youth to engage in the circus arts.

negative: Circus Time Circus Time was a variety program presented in the United States by television network ABC as part of its 1956-57 season.Circus Time was not an actual circus broadcast but rather a circus-themed program, in which both traditional circus acts and more traditional mainstream forms of entertainment were presented.  The host, or "ringmaster" in the show's parlance, was ventriloquist Paul Winchell, who was "assisted" by his dummies Jerry Mahoney and Knucklehead Smiff.

negative: Circus World Museum The Circus World Museum is a large museum complex in Baraboo, Wisconsin, devoted to circus-related history. The museum, which features not only circus artifacts and exhibits, but also hosts daily live circus performances throughout the summer, is owned by the Wisconsin Historical Society and operated by the non-profit Circus World Museum Foundation. The museum was the major participant in the Great Circus Parade held from 1963 to 2009.

negative: Circus music Circus music (also known as carnival music) is any sort of music that is played to accompany a circus, and also music written that emulates its general style. The most common type of circus music is the circus march, or screamer, which are marches played at very fast tempos.

negative: Circus of the Stars Circus of the Stars was an annual television special, broadcast by the CBS network in the United States, in which celebrities performed circus-type acts. There were 19 shows in total, the first being broadcast in 1977 and the last in 1994. Over the years the series featured many leading movie and television stars. Towards the end of its life the program title was changed slightly.

negative: Circus school Circus schools are institutions that offer professional and sometimes degree-level training in various circus skills such as acrobatics, aerial arts, object manipulation, and other specialized physical skills.  The rise of the circus school as a venue for the transmission of traditional circus arts and the formalized research of new acts is a relatively recent phenomenon in the history of the circus.

negative: Circus train A circus train is a modern method of conveyance for circus troupes. One of the larger users of circus trains is the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus (RBBX), a famous American circus formed when the Ringling Brothers Circus purchased the Barnum and Bailey Circus in 1907.In 1872 the P.T. Barnum Circus had grown so large that it was decided that they would only play at large venues, and that they would travel by train. P.T.

negative: Cirkidz Cirkidz is a youth circus school based in Bowden in the South Australian capital of Adelaide. It was originally founded by Tony Hannan and Michael Lester in 1985 as a workshop project to provide alternative opportunities for recreation for disadvantaged young people in Adelaide’s industrial inner-western suburbs.  An initial 6-month project was so successful it was continued, to the point where in 2015, Cirkidz celebrates its 30th birthday.

negative: Cladotaenia circi Cladotaenia circi is a tapeworm of the genus Cladotaenia that has birds of prey as its definitive host, such as the western marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus), hen harrier (Circus cyaeneus), and peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) in Europe. It has been found at low frequences in small mammals, such as the bank vole (Myodes glareolus) and common vole (Microtus arvalis) in Hungary and the marsh rice rat (Oryzomys palustris) in Florida.

negative: Clyde Beatty Clyde Beatty (June 10, 1903 - July 19, 1965) joined the circus as a cage cleaner as a teen and became famous as a lion tamer and animal trainer. He also became a circus impresario who owned his own show that later merged with the Cole Bros. Circus to form the Clyde Beatty-Cole Bros. Circus.

negative: Comedy Circus Comedy Circus is an Indian reality-based comedy show that aired on Sony Entertainment Television.

negative: Contemporary circus Contemporary circus, or nouveau cirque (as it was originally known in French-speaking countries), is a genre of performing art developed in the later 20th century in which a story or a theme is conveyed through traditional circus skills. Animals are rarely used in this type of circus, and traditional circus skills are blended with a more character-driven approach.

negative: Continental Circus Berlin The Continental Circus Berlin is a touring circus featured in the UK and presented by the European Entertainment Corporation during the summertime.The Continental Circus Berlin also goes under the shortened name of Circus Berlin.The Circus usually consists of 20-30 cast members, which include clowns, acrobats, tightrope walkers, and other circus artists.The Circus is operated by the same organization that presents the Moscow State Circus.

negative: Cyr wheel A Cyr wheel is a large metal ring that rotates gyroscopically as person 'spins' it. It acts in a similar way to a coin/penny, but every movement and motion is caused by the person inside it.The Cyr wheel (also known as the roue Cyr, mono wheel, or simple wheel) is an acrobatic device popularized in the early 21st century.

negative: Dingo The dingo (Canis lupus dingo) is a free-ranging dog found mainly in Australia. Its exact ancestry is debated, but dingoes are generally believed to be descended from semi-domesticated dogs from East or South Asia, which returned to a wild lifestyle when introduced to Australia. As such, it is currently classified as a subspecies of the grey wolf, Canis lupus. The Australian name has therefore sometimes been applied to similar dogs in Southeast Asia or America believed to be close relatives.

negative: Dog The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is a domesticated canid which has been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.Although initially thought to have originated as a manmade variant of an extant canid species (variously supposed as being the dhole, golden jackal, or gray wolf), extensive genetic studies undertaken during the 2010s indicate that dogs diverged from other wolf-like canids in Eurasia 40,000 years ago.

negative: Dolly Jacobs Dolly Jacobs (born c. 1957 in Sarasota, Florida) is an American circus aerialist. She is the daughter of famed circus clown Lou Jacobs and former New York fashion model turned circus performer Jean Rockwell Jacobs. She began her circus career in 1975 and has been working ever since. She was a featured performer with Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus. She and her husband, fellow circus performer Pedro Reis, founded Circus Sarasota in 1997.

negative: Eyles' harrier Eyles' harrier is an extinct bird of prey which lived in New Zealand. This species was named for Jim Eyles, paeleontologist and former director of the Nelson Provincial Museum and the West Coast Museum. It was presumably very similar to the living swamp harrier.It was an example of island gigantism, as an adult female weighed around 2.5 to 3 kg (5.5 to 6.6 lb), over twice as much as a swamp harrier.

negative: Ezekiel Ox Ezekiel Ox (born Alan James Davies, Colac, Victoria) is an Australian entertainer, singer/songwriter, film maker, actor and political activist. He is currently the a vocalist and songwriter for Over-Reactor, Ox & Marze, Sekht and The Steven Smith Experience. He was previously the singer of Mammal. He was a founding member of the committee for Musicians Against Police Violence (MAPV) in Melbourne.

negative: Flocke Flocke (German pronunciation: [ˈflɔkə]) is a female polar bear who was born in captivity at the Nuremberg Zoo in Nuremberg, Germany on 11 December 2007.  A few weeks after her birth, she was removed from her mother's care after concerns were raised for her safety.  Although the zoo had established a strict non-interference policy with its animals, officials chose to raise the cub by hand.

negative: Frank Buck (animal collector) Frank Howard Buck (March 17, 1884 – March 25, 1950) was a hunter and collector of wild animals, as well as a movie actor, director, writer and producer. He is known for his book Bring 'Em Back Alive and his 1930s and 1940s jungle adventure movies including: Wild Cargo, Jungle Cavalcade, Jacare, Killer of the Amazon, many of which included staged "fights to the death" between formidable beasts.

negative: Full Scale (band) Full Scale (formerly known as Full Scale Deflection) was an Australian alternative metal band that formed in Perth, Western Australia in 1998. The band relocated to Melbourne, Victoria in 2001.Full Scale released two Extended Plays; Black Arrows and White Arrows both in 2003 on Popstar Records. They also released a self-titled studio album issued in 2005 on Columbia Records called Full Scale.

negative: Giraffe The giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) is an African even-toed ungulate mammal, the tallest living terrestrial animal and the largest ruminant. Its species name refers to its camel-like shape and its leopard-like colouring. Its chief distinguishing characteristics are its extremely long neck and legs, its horn-like ossicones, and its distinctive coat patterns. It is classified under the family Giraffidae, along with its closest extant relative, the okapi.

negative: Goat The domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) is a subspecies of goat domesticated from the wild goat of southwest Asia and Eastern Europe.The goat is a member of the family Bovidae and is closely related to the sheep as both are in the goat-antelope subfamily Caprinae. There are over 300 distinct breeds of goat. Goats are one of the oldest domesticated species, and have been used for their milk, meat, hair, and skins over much of the world.

negative: Grévy's zebra The Grévy's zebra (Equus grevyi), also known as the imperial zebra, is the largest extant wild equid and the largest and most endangered of the three species of zebra, the other two being the plains zebra and the mountain zebra. Named after Jules Grévy, it is the sole extant member of the subgenus Dolichohippus. The Grévy's zebra is found in Kenya and Ethiopia.

negative: Hachaliah Bailey Hachaliah Bailey (pronounced heck-a-LIE-uh) (Jul 31, 1775 – Sep 2, 1845) is the eponym of Bailey's Crossroads, Virginia and a relative to several famous individuals involved in early American circuses. In 1808, he purchased an elephant which he named "Old Bet" that became the first circus elephant in the United States.

negative: Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus The Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus was a circus that traveled across America in the early part of the 20th century.  At its peak, it was the second-largest circus in America next to Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus.  It was based in Peru, Indiana.

negative: Harrier (bird) A harrier is any of the several species of diurnal hawks forming the Circinae sub-family of the Accipitridae family of birds of prey.  Harriers characteristically hunt by flying low over open ground, feeding on small mammals, reptiles, or birds.  The young of the species are sometimes referred to as ring-tail harriers.

negative: Harry Lewiston Harry Lewiston (April 2, 1900 – June 1, 1965; legal name Israel Harry Jaffe) was an American showman, freak show director, and barker. He wrote his memoirs under his stage name, published posthumously in 1968 as Freak Show Man: the Autobiography of Harry Lewiston, as told to Jerry Holtman.

negative: Hedgehog A  hedgehog  is any of the spiny mammals of the subfamily Erinaceinae, in the order Erinaceomorpha. There are seventeen species of hedgehog in five genera, found through parts of Europe, Asia, Africa and New Zealand (by introduction). There are no hedgehogs native to Australia, and no living species native to the Americas. Hedgehogs share distant ancestry with shrews (family Soricidae), with gymnures possibly being the intermediate link, and have changed little over the last 15 million years.

negative: Hen harrier The hen harrier (Circus cyaneus) or northern harrier (in the Americas) is a bird of prey. It breeds throughout the northern parts of the northern hemisphere in Canada and the northernmost USA, and in northern Eurasia. This species is polytypic, with two subspecies. Marsh hawk is a historical name for the American form.It migrates to more southerly areas in winter.

negative: Henry Ringling North Henry Ringling North (12 November 1909 – 2 October 1993) was the vice president, treasurer, director and operations chief, while his brother, John Ringling North, was the president and chairman of the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus.

negative: Horse The horse (Equus ferus caballus) is one of two extant subspecies of Equus ferus. It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, Hyracotherium, into the large, single-toed animal of today. Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC.

negative: Indian elephant The Indian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus) is one of three recognized subspecies of the Asian elephant and native to mainland Asia. Since 1986, Elephas maximus has been listed as Endangered by IUCN as the population has declined by at least 50% over the last 1 to -1 years or three generations. Asian elephants are threatened by habitat loss, degradation and fragmentation.

negative: Irvin Feld Irvin Feld (May 9, 1918 – September 6, 1984) was an American businessman. He was the head of Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus and founder of Feld Entertainment. He was a music promoter who is credited with discovering Paul Anka.

negative: James Anthony Bailey James Anthony Bailey (July 4, 1847 – April 11, 1906), born James Anthony McGinnis, was an American circus ringmaster.

negative: Jean Baptiste Casmiere Breschard Jean Baptiste Casmiere Breschard (John B. Breschard) was a circus owner and equestrian performer in the Circus of Pepin and Breschard.Frenchman Breschard reintroduced the circus clown to the United States in 1807. Mme. Breschard, wife of Jean Baptiste, was a premier equestrienne and is described in numerous sources as being one of the early businesswomen in the USA.  Mme. Breschard is arguably the first nationally recognized professional sportswoman in the United States.

negative: John Bill Ricketts John Bill Ricketts (died 1799) was an Englishman who brought the first modern circus to the United States.

negative: List of circus fires Fire disasters in circuses include:Hartford circus fire, July 6, 1944 in ConnecticutNiterói circus fire, December 17, 1961 in Brazil1981 Bangalore circus fire

negative: List of circus skills Circus skills are a group of pursuits that have been performed as entertainment in circus, sideshow, busking or variety/vaudeville/music hall shows. Most circus skills are still being performed today. Many are also practiced by non-performers as a hobby.Circus schools and instructors use various systems of categorization to group circus skills by type.

negative: List of circuses and circus owners There have been many famous modern circuses since the first modern circus was staged by Philip Astley in London on January 9, 1768.  Some of them are better known by the name of their principal owner.  The following is an alphabetical list of both circuses and owners.  For more information on circuses in general see Circus, or for information regarding the ancient Roman circus, see Circus Maximus.

negative: List of individual elephants This is a list of historical elephants by name.

negative: Lists of mammals by region The following are the regional mammal lists by continent. Some are full species lists, others, particularly continental lists, have just the families.

negative: MGM Distribution MGM Distribution (Metropolitan Groove Merchants) is the largest independent distributor of Australian music and music related merchandise and was established in April 1998 by Sebastian Chase.MGM Distribution was specifically set up as a distribution hub to service independent labels and artists. MGM Distribution is totally focused on a specific agenda - dealing with retail, promoting its releases to retail, ensuring that orders are filled correctly and dispatched expediently.

negative: Mammal (band) Mammal were an Australian band that formed in March 2006. Mammal rose up the ranks of the Australian music scene very quickly. Their first self-titled EP was recorded soon after the band came together. Their debut live album "Vol:1 The Aural Underground" was recorded just 4 months after the band started touring at a sold out show at The Evelyn Hotel on 2 February 2007. Mammal also released a single titled "Slaves/Nagasaki in Flames" AA side, featuring 3 songs.

negative: Moscow Circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard Moscow Circus on Tsvetnoi Boulevard, or Nikulin's Circus, is located on Tsvetnoi Boulevard in the Tverskoy District of central Moscow.  It was the only circus in the city between 1926 and 1971, and still remains the most popular one.The circus building was opened as the Solomonsky Circus on 20 October 1880. The circus is one of the oldest circuses in Russia.

negative: Moscow State Circus The title Moscow State Circus is used for a variety of circuses.

negative: Nathans Circus Nathans Circus, also known as Welch & Nathans' Circus was a series of circuses operated by the Nathans family in the 1850s. His acts included the Colonel Routh Goshen.

negative: National Circus Project National Circus Project is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit educational organization in the United States. The organization was founded in 1984 by JeanPaul Jenack and  Meryl Schaffer to teach circus skills in school, as a way to combine physical movement and the arts.Program specialists are recruited from the professional circus world, variety arts and educational organizations, such as physical education colleges and the Academy of Circus Arts in the UK.

negative: Next in Line (Dead Letter Circus song) "Next in Line" is the third single by Australian progressive/alternative rock band Dead Letter Circus. It was preceded by the singles "Reaction" (also featured as a B-side to "Next in Line") and "Disconnect and Apply". It was released on the first of November, 2008, and was distributed, like the Dead Letter Circus EP, through MGM Distribution. Like the band's EP, the whole of "Next in Line" was available for purchase through the iTunes Store.

negative: Olmen Zoo Olmen Zoo is a zoo in the Belgian village Olmen which is part of the town of Balen.The zoo was opened in 1976 by Louis Roothooft, a former captain. He used to live near Antwerp where he had a private collection of foreign animals. He bought some land in Olmen and moved his animals to the new location. The Olmen Zoo was founded. As Roothooft loved the circus a big circus tent was soon placed. Each day the animal carers did performance acts with the animals.

negative: Oribi Oribi (Ourebia ourebi, known as oorbietjie in Afrikaans) are graceful slender-legged, long-necked small antelope found in grassland almost throughout sub-Saharan Africa.

negative: Pablo Fanque Pablo Fanque (born William Darby 28 February 1796 in Norwich, England; died 4 May 1871 in Stockport, England) was an English circus proprietor and equestrian performer who became the first non-white British circus owner in Britain.

negative: Pallid harrier The pale or pallid harrier (Circus macrourus) is a migratory bird of prey of the harrier family.  It breeds in southern parts of eastern Europe and central Asia (such as Iran) and winters mainly in India and southeast Asia. It is a very rare vagrant to Great Britain and western Europe, although remarkably a juvenile wintered in Norfolk in the winter of 2002/2003.This medium-sized raptor breeds on open plains, bogs and heathland. In winter it is a bird of open country.

negative: Papuan harrier The Papuan harrier (Circus spilothorax) is a bird of prey native to New Guinea which belongs to the harrier genus Circus. It is commonly classified as a subspecies of the eastern marsh harrier (Circus spilonotus) of eastern Asia. However it may be a separate species or alternatively a subspecies of the swamp harrier (Circus approximans) of Australasia. It is thinly scattered across the whole of New Guinea except for the Vogelkop peninsula in the west.

negative: Phantom kangaroo Periodically, reports of kangaroos, wallabies, or their accompanying footprints have been made in places where one would not expect them—specifically, areas where there is no native  population. Some explanations put forth are escaped zoo or circus animals (as in the UK), or publicity stunts by local businesses using photographs from Australia. Others suggest outbreaks of such sightings are a form of mass hysteria.

negative: Piccadilly Circus Piccadilly Circus is a road junction and public space of London's West End in the City of Westminster, built in 1819 to connect Regent Street with Piccadilly. In this context, a circus, from the Latin word meaning "circle", is a round open space at a street junction.Piccadilly now links directly to the theatres on Shaftesbury Avenue, as well as the Haymarket, Coventry Street (onwards to Leicester Square), and Glasshouse Street.

negative: Pinniped Pinnipeds (/ˈpɪnəˌpɛdz/), (from Latin pinna fin and pes, pedis foot) commonly known as seals, are a widely distributed and diverse clade of carnivorous, fin-footed, semiaquatic marine mammals. They comprise the extant families Odobenidae (whose only living member is the walrus), Otariidae (the eared seals: sea lions and fur seals), and Phocidae (the earless seals, or true seals). There are 33 extant species of pinnipeds, and more than 50 extinct species have been described from fossils.

negative: Pinnipeds in popular culture Pinnipeds (from Latin pinna, wing or fin, and ped-, foot) or fin-footed mammals are a widely distributed and diverse group of semi-aquatic marine mammals. Seals, sea lions, and walruses are popular pinnipeds in the media. They are often portrayed balancing beach balls on their noses and clapping with their flippers.  At least three professional sports teams in the San Francisco, California area have been known as "the Seals".

negative: Proconsul (primate) Proconsul is an extinct genus of primates that existed from 23 to 25 million years ago during the Miocene epoch. Fossil remains are present in Eastern Africa including Kenya and Uganda. Four species have been classified to date: P. africanus, P. gitongai , P. major and P. meswae. The four species differ mainly in body size.

negative: Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus is an American circus company billed as The Greatest Show on Earth. The company was started in 1919 when the circus created by James Anthony Bailey and P. T. Barnum was merged with the Ringling Brothers Circus. The Ringling brothers purchased the Barnum & Bailey Circus in 1907, but ran the circuses separately until they were finally merged in 1919.

negative: Ringling Brothers Circus The Ringling Brothers Circus was a circus founded in the United States in 1884 by five of the seven Ringling Brothers: Albert, August, Otto, Alfred T., Charles, John), and Henry.  In 1907 it acquired the Barnum & Bailey Circus, merging them in 1919 to become Ringling Brothers Barnum and Bailey Circus, promoted as The Greatest Show on Earth.

negative: Ringling brothers The Ringling brothers were seven siblings who transformed their small touring company of performers into one of America's largest circuses in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Born in McGregor, Iowa and raised in Baraboo, Wisconsin, they were the children of Heinrich Friedrich August Ringling (1826–1898), of Hanover, Germany, and Marie Salome Juliar (1833–1907), of Ostheim, France.

negative: Sells Floto Circus The Sells Floto Circus was a combination of the Floto Dog & Pony Show and the Sells Brothers Circus that toured with sideshow acts in the United States during the early 1900s.

negative: Serge (llama) Serge the llama (born 29 June 2005, Saint-Nazaire) is a llama in the circus Cirque Franco-Italien of John Beautour and internet meme. Serge was named after the French singer Serge Lama, who described the choice of name as "genius".During the night of 30 to 31 October, while the circus was performing in Bordeaux, the llama was taken from its cage by a group of five youngsters returning from a disco. They took the llama out for a walk, posted some pictures on social media, and took it on a tram.

negative: Slippery the Sea Lion Slippery the Sea Lion was a California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) who in June 1958 escaped from a marine mammal park in London, Ontario, Canada. The animal swam down the Thames to Lake St. Clair, and down the Detroit River to Lake Erie, finally being caught near Sandusky, Ohio by employees of the Toledo Zoo. The escape and subsequent sightings generated a considerable media frenzy, which was exploited by the owners of Storybook Gardens, the sea lion's home.

negative: Spotted hyena The spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta), also known as the laughing hyena, is a species of hyena, currently classed as the sole member of the genus Crocuta, native to Sub-Saharan Africa. It is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN on account of its widespread range and large numbers estimated between 27,000 and 47,000 individuals. The species is however experiencing declines outside of protected areas due to habitat loss and poaching.

negative: Stoat The stoat (Mustela erminea), also known as the short-tailed weasel, is a species of Mustelidae native to Eurasia and North America, distinguished from the least weasel by its larger size and longer tail with a prominent black tip. The name ermine is often, but not always, used for the animal in its pure white winter coat, or the fur thereof. In the late 19th century, stoats were introduced into New Zealand to control rabbits.

negative: Sydonia Sydonia is an alternative rock/metal band formed in 1997 in Melbourne, Victoria. The band consists of Dana Roskvist, Adam Murray, Sean Bailey and Sam Haycroft. The band was famed for their use of plungers as melee weapons.The band has released 4 EPs (Sojourn, I'd Say No, Subordinate, (Man)ipulate) as well as the full-length album Given To Destroyers through MGM. Several singles have had airplay on Triple J, Triple M and Channel V.

negative: The Flying Fruit Fly Circus The Flying Fruit Fly Circus is Australia's national youth circus and the only full-time circus school in Australia. It is on the Murray River in the twin cities of Albury-Wodonga right on the Victoria/New South Wales border.

negative: The Greatest Show on Earth The Greatest Show on Earth is a 1952 American drama film produced and directed by Cecil B. DeMille, shot in Technicolor, and released by Paramount Pictures. Set in the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, the film stars Betty Hutton and Cornel Wilde as trapeze artists competing for the center ring, and Charlton Heston as the circus manager running the show.

negative: The Invisible Circus (circus troupe) The Invisible Circus is a group of circus performers from Bristol and London in the United Kingdom.

negative: Thomson's gazelle The Thomson's gazelle (Eudorcas thomsonii) is one of the best-known gazelles. It is named after explorer Joseph Thomson and is sometimes referred to as a "tommie". It is considered by some to be a subspecies of the red-fronted gazelle and was formerly considered a member of the genus Gazella within the subgenus Eudorcas, before Eudorcas was elevated to genus status.

negative: Tiger The tiger (Panthera tigris) is the largest cat species, reaching a total body length of up to 3.38 m (11.1 ft) over curves and exceptionally weighing up to 388.7 kg (857 lb) in the wild. Its most recognisable feature is a pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur with a lighter underside. The species is classified in the genus Panthera with the lion, leopard, jaguar and snow leopard. Tigers are apex predators, primarily preying on ungulates such as deer and bovids.

negative: Triton Troupers Circus Triton Troupers Circus is both a professional quality circus show performed every year since 1972, and a college affiliated Circus Arts continuing education program.

negative: Unicorn The unicorn is a legendary animal that has been described since antiquity as a beast with a large, pointed, spiraling horn projecting from its forehead. The unicorn was depicted in ancient seals of the Indus Valley Civilization and was mentioned by the ancient Greeks in accounts of natural history by various writers, including Ctesias, Strabo, Pliny the Younger, and Aelian.

negative: Valentin Gneushev Valentin Gneushev (born December 20, 1951) is a Russian circus director and choreographer.Gneushev was born in the city of Nizhny Tagil in the Serdlovsk region.He studied to be a clown at the Moscow State Circus School and later graduated from the Russian Academy of Theatrical Arts as an artistic director.The first circus act he worked on, the aerial group performance “Cranes” (1985), was an instant success. It was on tour in many countries and received various awards.

negative: Victor Pépin Victor Adolphus Pépin (March 8, 1780 – 1845) was an American circus performer and circus owner most famous for being a partner in the Circus of Pépin and Breschard.  The Circus of Pépin and Breschard can thus be considered the first American circus and Pépin the first American circus impresario.

negative: Vulcana Women's Circus Vulcana Women's Circus is an Australian circus, created with the aim of training women and girls in the circus arts.  The company was founded in 1995 at West End in Brisbane, by Antonella Casella in Brisbane, Australia, the company was named after the famous British strongwoman Vulcana.The company has three main activities, which often overlap. "Vulcademy" - an in-house circus school open to women over the age of 18.

negative: William Batty William Batty (1801–1868) was an equestrian performer, circus proprietor, and longtime operator of Astley's Amphitheatre in London.  Batty was one of the most successful circus proprietors in Victorian England, and helped launch the careers of a number of leading Victorian circus personalities, such as Pablo Fanque, the versatile performer and later circus proprietor (best known today from his mention in The Beatles song "Being for the Benefit of Mr. Kite!"), and W.F.

negative: William Washington Cole William Washington Cole (1847 – March 10, 1915), was part owner of the Barnum & Bailey Circus.


query: Who painted The Storm on the Sea of Galilee?

positive: Rembrandt Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (/ˈrɛmbrænt, -brɑːnt/; Dutch: [ˈrɛmbrɑnt ˈɦɑrmə(n)soːn vɑn ˈrɛin]; 15 July 1606 – 4 October 1669) was a Dutch painter and etcher. He is generally considered one of the greatest painters and printmakers in European art and the most important in Dutch history.

positive: Sea of Galilee The Sea of Galilee, also  Kinneret, Lake of Gennesaret, or Lake Tiberias (Hebrew: יָם כִּנֶּרֶת, Judeo-Aramaic: יַמּא דטבריא, Arabic: بحيرة طبريا), is the largest freshwater lake in Israel, and it is approximately 53 km (33 mi) in circumference, about 21 km (13 mi) long, and 13 km (8.1 mi) wide. The lake has a total area of 166.7 km2 (64.4 sq mi) at its fullest, and a maximum depth of approximately 43 m (141 feet).

positive: The Storm at Sea Storm at Sea is an oil-on-panel by Flemish renaissance artist Pieter Bruegel the Elder, painted in c. 1569. It is currently held and exhibited at the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna.

positive: The Storm on the Sea of Galilee The Storm on the Sea of Galilee is a painting from 1633 by the Dutch Golden Age painter Rembrandt van Rijn that was in the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum of Boston, Massachusetts, United States, prior to being stolen in 1990. The painting depicts the miracle of Jesus calming the storm on the Sea of Galilee, as depicted in the fourth chapter of the Gospel of Mark in the New Testament of the Christian Bible.  It is Rembrandt's only seascape.

negative: 1633 in art Events from the year 1633 in art.

negative: 1950 Snow in Israel The year 1950 saw the most widespread snow in Israel's history since the beginning of the meteorological measurements in 1870. During the event, it was snowing in most of Israel, from north to south.

negative: Amirim Amirim (Hebrew: אֲמִירִים, lit. Treetops) is a moshav in the Galilee established by vegetarians. Today 150 families live on the moshav. Amirim is located 650 m. above sea level on a hill overlooking  the Sea of Galilee. It is 15 km. from Safed.

negative: Aqil Agha Aqil Agha al-Hasi (given name also spelled Aqil, Aqila, Akil or Akili; surname sometimes spelled Aga) (died 1870) was the semi-autonomous local ruler of northern Palestine in the mid-19th century, during Ottoman rule.

negative: Art theft Art theft is usually for the purpose of resale or for ransom (sometimes called artnapping). Stolen art is sometimes used by criminals as collateral to secure loans. Only a small percentage of stolen art is recovered—estimates range from 5 to 10%. This means that little is known about the scope and characteristics of art theft.

negative: Calming the storm Calming the storm is one of the miracles of Jesus in the Gospels, namely in Mark 4:35-41, Luke 8:22-25 and Matthew 8:23-27. This episode is distinct from Jesus' walk on water which also involves a boat on the lake and appears later in the narrative, in chapter 14 of Matthew.According to the Gospels, one evening Jesus and his disciples were crossing the Sea of Galilee in a boat, when a furious storm came up, with the waves breaking over the boat, so that it was nearly swamped.

negative: Dead Sea Transform The Dead Sea Transform (DST) fault system, also sometimes referred to as the Dead Sea Rift, is a series of faults that run from the Maras Triple Junction (a junction with the East Anatolian Fault in southeastern Turkey) to the northern end of the Red Sea Rift (just offshore of the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula).  The fault system forms the transform boundary between the African Plate to the west and the Arabian Plate to the east.

negative: Elinard de Bures Elinard de Bures was a French noble of Bures-sur-Yvette, Île-de-France in the service of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. He was the Prince of Galilee, a title which he inherited from his uncle, William I of Bures.

negative: Eternal Father, Strong to Save "Eternal Father, Strong to Save" is a hymn traditionally associated with seafarers, particularly in the maritime armed services. Written in 1860, its author William Whiting was inspired by the dangers of the sea described in Psalm 107. It was popularized by the Royal Navy and the United States Navy in the late 19th century, and variations of it were soon adopted by many branches of the armed services in the United Kingdom and the United States.

negative: Galilee, Rhode Island Galilee is a fishing village on Point Judith within the town of Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA, and is notable for being home to the largest fishing fleet in Rhode Island and for being the site of the Block Island Ferry. The village is directly across the harbor from Jerusalem, Rhode Island. Galilee, Rhode Island is named after the Biblical Galilee, which was the original home region of Jesus Christ, who grew up in Nazareth, a village in the Galilee region of Israel on the Sea of Galilee.

negative: Galilee Galilee (Hebrew: הגליל, transliteration HaGalil; Arabic: الجليل, translit. al-Jalīl) is a region in northern Israel which overlaps with much of the administrative Northern District and Haifa District of the country.

negative: Galilee earthquake of 1837 The Galilee earthquake of 1837, often called the Safed earthquake, shook the Galilee on January 1 and is one of a number of moderate to large events that have occurred along the Dead Sea Transform (DST) fault system that marks the boundary of two tectonic plates; the African Plate on the west and the Arabian Plate on the east.

negative: Galilee earthquake of 363 The Galilee earthquake of 363 was a pair of severe earthquakes that shook the Galilee and nearby regions on May 18 and 19. The maximum perceived intensity for the events was estimated to be VII (Very strong) on the Medvedev-Sponheuer-Karnik scale. The earthquakes occurred on the portion of the Dead Sea Transform (DST) fault system between the Dead Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba.

negative: Gamla Gamla (Hebrew: גמלא) was an ancient Jewish city on the Golan Heights, believed to have been founded as a Seleucid fort during the Syrian Wars. The site of a Roman siege during the Great Revolt of the 1st century CE, Gamla is a symbol of heroism for the modern state of Israel and an important historical and archaeological site. It lies within the current Gamla nature reserve and is a prominent tourist attraction.

negative: Geography of Israel The geography of Israel is very diverse, with desert conditions in the south, and snow-capped mountains in the north. Israel is located at 31°30′N 34°45′E at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea in western Asia. It is bounded to the north by Lebanon, the northeast by Syria, the east by Jordan and the West Bank, and to the southwest by Egypt. To the west of Israel is the Mediterranean Sea, which makes up the majority of Israel's 273 km (170 mi) coastline and the Gaza Strip.

negative: Gerrit Braamcamp Gerrit Braamcamp (18 November 1699, Amsterdam - 17 June 1771, Amsterdam) was a successful Roman Catholic distiller, timber merchant and art collector from the Netherlands. One of the most important merchants in Amsterdam, he built a timber yard and shipyard at one end of the Hoogte Kadijk, opposite the Dutch East India Company's own shipyard.Over thirty years he created a major collection of Dutch and Flemish art, totally around 380 works, though only a few of these are now in Dutch museums.

negative: Gervaise of Bazoches Gervaise of Bazoches (died May 1108), Prince of Galilee and Lord of Tiberias, was a crusader on the First Crusade.Before the crusade, he was the advocate of Mont-Notre-Dame and brother of Hugh, lord of Bazoches-sur-Vesles. In the Holy Land, he was an officer of Baldwin I of Jerusalem, who conferred Galilee on him after the death of Hugh of Saint Omer.

negative: Ginosar Ginosar (Hebrew: גִּנּוֹסַר), (Latin: Gennesaret), is a kibbutz on the western banks of the Sea of Galilee in Israel. Located north of Tiberias on Highway 90, it falls under the jurisdiction of Emek HaYarden Regional Council. In 2006 it had a population of 472.

negative: Hippos "Sussita" redirects here. For the automobile, see Autocars Co.Hippos (Ancient Greek: Ἵππος, "horse") is an archaeological site in Israel, located on a hill overlooking the Sea of Galilee. Between the 3rd century BC and the 7th century AD, Hippos was the site of a Greco-Roman city, which then declined under Muslim rule and was abandoned after an earthquake in 749. Besides the fortified city itself, Hippos controlled two port facilities on the lake and an area of the surrounding countryside.

negative: Hugh of Saint Omer Hugh of Saint Omer (also Hugh of Falkenberg or Hugh of Fauquembergues, died 1106) was the Prince of Galilee and Lord of Tiberias from 1101 to his death. Fauquembergues and Saint Omer are both situated near each other. Hugh was lord of the former and his family, which was to gain fame in subsequent Crusades, hailed from the latter.Born in Thérouanne, Hugh accompanied Baldwin of Boulogne on the First Crusade and into Mesopotamia in 1098, where he carved out the County of Edessa.

negative: Hula Valley The Hula Valley (Hebrew: עמק החולה, translit. Emek HaHula; also transliterated as Huleh Valley) is an agricultural region in northern Israel with abundant fresh water. It is a major stopover for birds migrating along the Syrian-African Rift Valley between Africa, Europe, and Asia. The marshland around Lake Hula, a breeding ground for mosquitoes carrying malaria, was drained in the 1950s. A small section of the valley was later reflooded in an attempt to revive a nearly extinct ecosystem.

negative: Ingøy Church Ingøy Church (Norwegian: Ingøy kirke) is a parish church in Måsøy Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway.  It is located in the village of Ingøy on the island of Ingøya.  The church is part of the Måsøy parish in the Hammerfest deanery in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland.  Like most other churches in Finnmark, Ingøy church was burned down by the Germans during the evacuation of Finnmark in 1944.

negative: Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum The Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum (ISGM) or Fenway Court, as the museum was known during Isabella Stewart Gardner's lifetime, is a museum in the Fenway-Kenmore neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, located within walking distance of the Museum of Fine Arts (although the Museum of Fine Arts's Huntington Avenue location was constructed after Fenway Court) and near the Back Bay Fens.

negative: Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum theft The Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum theft was an art theft that occurred in the early hours of March 18, 1990, at the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston, Massachusetts. A pair of thieves disguised as Boston police officers tricked the museum security guards into granting them access to the building. The thieves proceeded to tie up the guards and steal thirteen works of art. The event lasted 81 minutes, which happened as the city was preoccupied with Saint Patrick's Day celebrations.

negative: Jacob J. Hinlopen Jacob J. Hinlopen (1582 – 1629 in Amsterdam) lived in a house with Hinlopen in the gable, now at 155 Nieuwendijk. He traded in cloth and Indian wares. In 1602 he was co-founder of the Dutch East India Company in Enkhuizen, his descendants inherited very old stocks. He also was the first person of Flemish origin, that in 1617 obtained a seat in the City Council.

negative: Jacques Specx Jacques Specx (Dutch: [ˈʒɑk ˈspɛks]; 1585 – 22 July 1652) was a Dutch merchant, who founded the trade on Japan and Korea in 1609. Jacques Specx received the support of William Adams to obtain extensive trading rights from the Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu on August 24, 1609, which allowed him to establish a trading factory in Hirado on September 20, 1609. He was the interim governor in Batavia between 1629 - 1632.  There his daughter Saartje Specx was involved in a scandal.

negative: Jesus Trail The Jesus Trail is a 65 km (40 mi) hiking and pilgrimage route in the Galilee region of Israel that traces the route Jesus may have walked, connecting many sites from his life and ministry.  The main part of the trail begins in Nazareth and passes through Tzippori, Cana (Kafr Kanna), the Horns of Hattin, Mount Arbel Cliffs, the Sea of Galilee, Capernaum, Tabgha, and the Mount of Beatitudes. An alternate return route passes by Tiberias, the Jordan River, Mount Tabor, and Mount Precipice.

negative: Jesus walking on water Jesus walking on water is one of the miracles attributed to Jesus in the New Testament. There are accounts of this in three of the Gospels.This story, following the miracle of the feeding of the five thousand, tells how Jesus sent the disciples by ship back to the other side of the Sea of Galilee while he remained behind, alone, to pray. Night fell and the sea arose as the ship became caught in a wind storm.

negative: Kinneret College The Kinneret College on the Sea of Galilee (Hebrew: המכללה האקדמית כנרת בעמק הירדן), or simply Kinneret College, is a college located on the southern shores of the Sea of Galilee in northern Israel.The College was established in 1965 by the regional council of the kibbutzim in the area. The students in the College come from all parts of Israel but especially from the Galilee.

negative: Life of Jesus in the New Testament The four canonical gospels of the New Testament are the primary sources of information for the narrative of the life of Jesus. However, other parts of the New Testament, such as the Pauline epistles which were likely written decades before them, also include references to key episodes in his life such as the Last Supper.

negative: List of paintings by Rembrandt The following is a list of paintings by Rembrandt that are generally accepted as autograph by the Rembrandt Research Project.

negative: List of seas The word sea can, aside from referring to the World Ocean, also mean a specific, much smaller body of water, such as the North Sea or the Red Sea. There is no sharp distinction between a sea in this sense and an ocean, though seas are generally smaller, and are often partly (as marginal seas) or wholly (as inland seas) bordered by land. However, the Sargasso Sea has no coastline and lies within a circular current, the North Atlantic Gyre.

negative: List of stolen paintings List of famous stolen paintings are valuable paintings that have been stolen and gained publicity. The paintings listed are from masters of Western art which are valued in millions of dollars. For a list of most expensive paintings, see List of most expensive paintings.

negative: Lost artworks For lost literary works, see Lost work.

negative: Lower Galilee The Lower Galilee (Hebrew: הגליל התחתון, translit. HaGalil HaTaḥton), is a region within the North District of Israel. The Lower Galilee reaches from Jezreel Valley in the south to the Upper Galilee (Beit HaKerem Valley) in the north. Its eastern border is the Jordan River and the Sea of Galilee. Its western border is the Zvulun Valley and Acre.The Lower Galilee is the southern part of the Galilee. It's called "Lower" since it is less mountainous than the Upper Galilee.

negative: Lower Galilee Regional Council The Lower Galilee Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית הגליל התחתון, Mo'atza Azorit HaGalil HaTahton) is a regional council in northern Israel that encompasses most of the settlements in the Lower Galilee.

negative: Marine art Marine art or maritime art is any form of figurative art (that is, painting, drawing, printmaking and sculpture) that portrays or draws its main inspiration from the sea.  Maritime painting is a genre that depicts ships and the sea—a genre particularly strong from the 17th to 19th centuries.

negative: Marjorie Holmes Marjorie Holmes (1910—2002) was an American columnist and best-selling Christian author of 134 books, 32 of which were best sellers.  Holmes is known best for her biblical trilogy which began with the novel Two From Galilee, a love story about Mary and Joseph, published by Fleming H. Revell.

negative: Mark 4 Mark 4 is the fourth chapter of the Gospel of Mark in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It contains the Parable of the Sower, with its explanation, and the parable of The Mustard Seed. Both of these parables are paralleled in Matthew and Luke, but this chapter also has a parable unique to Mark, the Seed Growing Secretly.

negative: Matthew 4:14–15 Matthew 4:14–15 are the fourteenth and fifteenth verse of the fourth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. In the previous verses Jesus returned to Galilee after hearing of the arrest of John the Baptist and then left Nazareth for Capernaum.

negative: Meron, Israel Meron (Hebrew: מֵירוֹן, Meron) is a moshav (cooperative village) on the slopes of Mount Meron, in the Upper Galilee in northern Israel near Safed, and within municipal jurisdiction of the Merom HaGalil Regional Council. Meron is most famous for the tomb of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai, and is the site of annual mass public commemoration of Lag Ba'omer.The association of Meron with the ancient Canaanite city of Merom or Maroma is generally accepted by Archeologists.

negative: Ministry of Jesus In the Christian gospels, the ministry of Jesus begins with his baptism in the countryside of Roman Judea and Transjordan, near the river Jordan, and ends in Jerusalem, following the Last Supper with his disciples. The Gospel of Luke (3:23) states that Jesus was "about 30 years of age" at the start of his ministry.

negative: Miracles of Jesus The miracles of Jesus are the supernatural deeds attributed to Jesus in Christian and Islamic texts. The majority are faith healing, exorcisms, resurrection of the dead and control over nature.In the Synoptic Gospels (Mark, Matthew, and Luke), Jesus refuses to give a miraculous sign to prove his authority.

negative: Nahal Amud The Nahal Amud (Hebrew: נחל עמוד), also known as the Wadi Amud, is a stream in the Upper Galilee that spills into the Sea of Galilee. The stream's source, Ramat Dalton, is located 800 meters above sea level. Its drainage basin includes the peaks of Mount Canaan (955 meters) and Mount Meron (1,204 meters) and flows south through eastern Galilee to the northwest part of the Sea of Galilee – a height of less than 200 meters below sea level.

negative: Night in paintings (Western art) The depiction of night in paintings is common in Western art. Paintings that feature a night scene as the theme are mostly portraits and landscapes. Some artworks involve religious or fantasy topics using the quality of dim night light to create mysterious atmospheres. They tend to illustrate the illuminating effect of the light reflection on the subjects under either moonlight or artificial light sources.

negative: Odo of Montbéliard Odo of Montbéliard (also known as Eudes) was a leading baron of the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem in the early 13th century. He often held the highest offices in the kingdom including bailli (viceroy) and constable (commander of the army).Odo was the son or nephew of Walter of Montbéliard who was a regent of the kingdoms of Jerusalem and Cyprus.

negative: Oil painting Oil painting is the process of painting with pigments that are binded with a medium of drying oil. Commonly used drying oils include linseed oil, poppy seed oil, walnut oil, and safflower oil. Different oils confer various properties to the oil paint, such as less yellowing or different drying times. Certain differences are also visible in the sheen of the paints depending on the oil.

negative: Operation Olive Leaves Operation Olive Leaves (Hebrew: מבצע עלי זית Alei Zayit) also known as Operation Kinneret (the Israeli name for the Sea of Galilee) was an Israeli reprisal operation undertaken on December 10–11, 1955, against fortified Syrian emplacements near the north-eastern shores of the Sea of Galilee. The raid was prompted by repeated Syrian attacks on Israeli fishing in the Sea of Galilee. The successful operation resulted in the destruction of the Syrian emplacements.

negative: Principality of Galilee The Principality of Galilee was one of the four major seigneuries of the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, according to 13th-century commentator John of Ibelin. The direct holdings of the principality were around Tiberias, in Galilee proper, but with all its vassals, the lordship covered all Galilee and southern Phoenicia (today Lebanon). The lordship of Galilee had a disproportionate number of sub-vassals. The independent Sidon was located between Galilee's holdings.

negative: Raymond III, Count of Tripoli Raymond III of Tripoli (1140 – September/October 1187) was Count of Tripoli from 1152 to 1187 and Prince of Galilee and Tiberias in right of his wife Eschiva.

negative: Red Sea–Dead Sea Canal The Red Sea–Dead Sea Conduit (Canal), sometimes called the Two Seas Canal, is a proposed conduit (pipes and brine canal) which would run from the Red Sea to the Dead Sea. It will provide potable water to Jordan, Israel and the Palestinian territories, bring sea water to stabilise the Dead Sea water level and generate electricity to support the energy needs of the project.

negative: Scenes from the Passion of Christ Scenes from the Passion of Christ is an oil painting on a panel of Baltic oak, painted c.1470 by German-born Early Netherlandish painter Hans Memling.  The painting shows 23 vignettes of the Life of Christ combined in one narrative composition without a central dominating scene: 19 episodes from the Passion of Christ, the Resurrection, and 3 later appearances of the risen Christ (to Mary Magdalene, on the road to Emmaus, and at the Sea of Galilee).

negative: Sea A sea is a large body of salt water that is surrounded in whole or in part by land.  More broadly, the sea (with the definite article) is the interconnected system of Earth's salty, oceanic waters—considered as one global ocean or as several principal oceanic divisions. The sea moderates Earth's climate and has important roles in the water cycle, carbon cycle, and nitrogen cycle.

negative: Sea of Galilee Boat The Sea of Galilee Boat, also known as the Jesus Boat, was an ancient fishing boat from the 1st century CE (the time of Jesus), discovered in 1986 on the north-west shore of the Sea of Galilee in Israel. The remains of the boat, 27 feet (8.27 meters) long, 7.5 feet (2.3 meters) wide and with a maximum preserved height of 4.3 feet (1.3 meters), first appeared during a drought, when the waters of the Sea (actually a great fresh-water lake) receded.

negative: Seascape A seascape is a photograph, painting, or other work of art which depicts the sea, in other words an example of marine art.  By a backwards development, the word has also come to mean the view of the sea itself, and be applied in planning contexts to geographical locations possessing a good view of the sea.

negative: Sepphoris Sepphoris (Ancient Greek: Σέπφωρις), also known as Tzipori (Hebrew: צִפּוֹרִי), Diocaesaraea (Ancient Greek: Διοκαισάρεια), Saffuriya (Arabic: صفورية, also transliterated Safurriya and Suffurriye), and in Crusader times as La Sephorie, is a village and an archeological site located in the central Galilee region of Israel, 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) north-northwest of Nazareth. It lies 286 m above sea level and overlooks the Beit Netofa Valley.

negative: Star of the Sea Painted Church The Star of the Sea Painted Church in Kalapana, Hawai'i was built in 1927-1928 under the direction of the Belgian Catholic missionary priest Father Evarist Gielen, who painted the upper section of the church interior.In 1990, the church was moved to its present location just ahead of an advancing lava flow.  It is located on Highway 130 between mile marker 19 and 20, and is open to the public without charge seven days a week from 9:00 AM to 4:00 PM.

negative: Storm A storm is any disturbed state of an environment or astronomical body's atmosphere especially affecting its surface, and strongly implying severe weather.

negative: Storm tides of the North Sea A storm tide is a tide with a high flood period caused by a storm. Storm tides can be a severe danger to the coast and the people living along the coast.  The water level can rise to more than 5 metres (17 ft) above the normal tide.The North Sea, especially the Netherlands, northern Germany and Denmark is particularly susceptible to storm tides. The coastline of the German Bight forms an L-shape facing northwest.

negative: Tel Kabri Tel Kabri (Hebrew: תֵל כַבְרִי; Arabic: تَلْ ألْقَهوَة, Tell al-Qahweh, "the mound of coffee") is an archaeological site, home to one of the largest Middle Bronze (MB) Age (2,100–1,550 BC) Canaanite palaces in ancient Israel, and the largest such palace excavated as of 2014.

negative: The Concert (Vermeer) The Concert (c. 1664) is a painting by Dutch painter Johannes Vermeer. The 69-centimeter-high by 63-centimeter-wide picture depicts a man and two women playing music. It belongs to the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston, but was stolen in 1990 and remains missing. It is thought to be the most valuable unrecovered stolen painting, with a value estimated at over $200,000,000.

negative: The Land of the Silver Apples The Land of the Silver Apples is a fantasy novel for children, written by Nancy Farmer and published by Atheneum in 2007. It is a sequel to The Sea of Trolls, second in a series of three (as of 2013) known as the Sea of Trolls series.The title refers to the "silver apples of the moon" associated with the land of faerie in W. B. Yeats' poem "The Song of Wandering Angus". The book received the Emperor Norton Award (2007).

negative: The Struggle (Tenth Avenue North album) The Struggle is the third studio album from the American contemporary Christian music band Tenth Avenue North. It was released on August 21, 2012 and reached No. 1 on Billboard's Christian and rock charts. It has received significant critical acclaim.

negative: Tiberias Tiberias (/taɪˈbɪəriəs/; Hebrew: טְבֶרְיָה, Tveria, Tiveria About this sound (audio) ; Arabic: طبرية, Ṭabariyyah; Greek: Τιβεριάς Tiberiás, Modern Greek: Τιβεριάδα Tiveriáda) is an Israeli city on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee (called "the Kinneret" in Hebrew), Lower Galilee, Israel.

negative: Tour de Israel The Tour de Israel was a four-day cycling competition held in Israel and modeled on the Tour de France.The race was held over a 622-kilometer (386 mi) route beginning in Nahariya in northern Israel, and ending in the resort city of Eilat on the Red Sea.The event was sponsored by the Israeli Tourism Ministry and was a two-person team competition, featuring nine separate categories based on gender and age: Men; Women; Mixed Gender; Adults, Masters and Grand Masters.

negative: Upper Galilee The Upper Galilee (Hebrew: הגליל העליון, HaGalil Ha'Elion) is a geographical-political term in use since the end of the Second Temple period, originally referring to a mountainous area overlapping the present northern Israel and southern Lebanon, its borders being the Litani river in the north, the Mediterranean Sea in the west, the Beit HaKerem valley and Lower Galilee in the south and the Jordan river and Hula Valley in the east.In present-day Israeli terminology, the term is mainly used in reference to the northern part of the Galilee, that is under Israeli sovereignty.

negative: Walter of Saint Omer Walter of Saint Omer (French: Gautier de Saint-Omer; about 1110 – 1174), also known as Walter of Fauquembergues or Walter of Tiberias, was the son of William II of Saint Omer and Melisinde of Picquigny, and Prince of Galilee and Tiberias.In 1130 Walter married Echiva de Bures, Princess of Galilee and Tiberias, daughter of Prince Godfrey de Bures.

negative: Wildlife of Israel The wildlife of Israel includes the flora and fauna of Israel, which is extremely diverse due to the country's location between the temperate and the tropical zones, bordering the Mediterranean Sea in the west and the desert in the east. Species such as the Syrian Brown Bear and the Arabian ostrich have become extinct in Israel due to hunting and loss of habitat. As of May 2007, 190 nature reserves have been established in Israel.

negative: William, Lord of Tiberias William was the Lord of Tiberias and titular Prince of Galilee from 1187 until his death at an unknown date. He supported Guy of Lusignan over Conrad of Montferrat for the Kingdom of Jerusalem and joined Guy in besieging Acre in April 1189. He was the second son of Eschiva of Bures (1118–1187) and Walter of Saint-Omer (1110–1174), he was possible a favorite of his stepfather Raymond III of Tripoli. He was one of the nobles to escape from the battle of Hattin, he died before 1204.

negative: William II of Bures William II of Bures (died 1158) was a Crusader lord of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. He was Prince of Galilee from 1148 to his death as successor of his brother Elinard.William is a poorly known figure. It is known that he was a nephew of William I of Bures and as this William is only known to have one brother, Godfrey, it is presumed that William and his three known brothers and one sister were children of his.William was succeeded in Galilee by his sister Eschiva.

negative: William I of Bures William of Bures (died 1142) was a French crusader from Bures-sur-Yvette, Ile-de-France.He arrived in the Kingdom of Jerusalem before 1115, with his brother Geoffrey. They were vassals of Joscelin I of Edessa.In 1119 they took part in a raid into Turkish territory over the Jordan River, and Geoffrey was killed.

negative: Woes to the unrepentant cities Woes to the unrepentant cities are preached by Jesus in Matthew and Luke against three cities of Galilee.Matthew says:The three cities mentioned lay just north of the Sea of Galilee. Chorazin is not otherwise mentioned in the Gospels. Bethsaida is where Philip, Andrew, and Peter were from, and where Jesus healed a blind man.

negative: Wär Gott nicht mit uns diese Zeit, BWV 14 Wär Gott nicht mit uns diese Zeit (Were God not with us at this time), BWV 14, is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed the chorale cantata in Leipzig in 1735 for the fourth Sunday after Epiphany and first performed it on 30 January 1735. The text is based on the hymn by Martin Luther, published in 1524.