query: Films directed by Akira Kurosawa

positive: Akira Kurosawa Akira Kurosawa (Japanese: 黒澤 明, Hepburn: Kurosawa Akira, March 23, 1910 – September 6, 1998) was a Japanese filmmaker. Regarded as one of the most important and influential filmmakers in the history of cinema, Kurosawa directed 30 films in a career spanning 57 years.Kurosawa entered the Japanese film industry in 1936, following a brief stint as a painter.

positive: Dersu Uzala (1975 film) Dersu Uzala (Russian: Дерсу Узала, Japanese: デルス·ウザーラ; alternate U.S. title: Dersu Uzala: The Hunter) is a 1975 Soviet-Japanese co-production film directed by Akira Kurosawa, his first non-Japanese-language film and his first and only 70mm film. The film won the Golden Prize and the Prix FIPRESCI at the 9th Moscow International Film Festival and the 1976 Oscar for Best Foreign Language Film.

positive: Dodes'ka-den Dodes'ka-den (どですかでん, Dodesukaden, literally, "Clickety-clack") is a 1970 Japanese film directed by Akira Kurosawa and based on the Shūgorō Yamamoto book Kisetsu no nai machi ("The Town Without Seasons").

positive: Dreams (1990 film) Dreams (夢, Yume, aka Akira Kurosawa's Dreams) is a 1990 magical realism film based on actual dreams the film's director, Akira Kurosawa, claimed to have had repeatedly. It was the first film where he was the sole author of the script. It was made five years after Ran, with assistance from George Lucas, Francis Ford Coppola, and Steven Spielberg, and funded by Warner Brothers.The film was screened out of competition at the 1990 Cannes Film Festival.

positive: Drunken Angel Drunken Angel (酔いどれ天使, Yoidore tenshi) is a 1948 Japanese yakuza film directed by Akira Kurosawa. It is notable for being the first of sixteen film collaborations between director Kurosawa and actor Toshiro Mifune.

positive: High and Low (1963 film) High and Low (天国と地獄, Tengoku to Jigoku, literally "Heaven and Hell") is a 1963 police procedural crime drama film directed by Akira Kurosawa, starring Toshiro Mifune, Tatsuya Nakadai and Kyōko Kagawa. The film is loosely based on King's Ransom (1959), by Ed McBain.

positive: I Live in Fear I Live In Fear (生きものの記録, Ikimono no kiroku, aka Record of a Living Being or What the Birds Knew) is a 1955 Japanese film written and directed by Akira Kurosawa. It was co-written by Shinobu Hashimoto, Fumio Hayasaka, and Hideo Oguni. The story concerned an elderly factory owner (Toshiro Mifune) so terrified of the prospect of a nuclear attack that he becomes determined to move his entire extended family (both legal and extra-marital) to what he imagines is the safety of a farm in Brazil.

positive: Ikiru Ikiru (生きる, "To Live") is a 1952 Japanese film directed and co-written by Akira Kurosawa. The film examines the struggles of a minor Tokyo bureaucrat and his final quest for meaning. The script was partly inspired by Leo Tolstoy's 1886 novella The Death of Ivan Ilyich, although the plots are not similar beyond the common theme of a bureaucrat struggling with a terminal illness. It stars Takashi Shimura as Kanji Watanabe.

positive: Kagemusha Kagemusha (影武者, Shadow Warrior) is a 1980 film by Akira Kurosawa. In Japanese, kagemusha is a term used to denote a political decoy. It is set in the Sengoku period of Japanese history and tells the story of a lower-class criminal who is taught to impersonate a dying warlord in order to dissuade opposing lords from attacking the newly vulnerable clan. The warlord whom the kagemusha impersonates is based on daimyo Takeda Shingen, and the film ends with the climactic 1575 Battle of Nagashino.

positive: Madadayo Madadayo (まあだだよ, Mādadayo, literally, "Not Yet") is a 1993 Japanese comedy-drama film. It is the thirtieth and final film to be completed by Akira Kurosawa. It was screened out of competition at the 1993 Cannes Film Festival. The film was selected as the Japanese entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 66th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.

positive: No Regrets for Our Youth No Regrets for Our Youth (わが青春に悔なし, Waga seishun ni kuinashi, aka No Regrets for My Youth) is a 1946 film written and directed by Akira Kurosawa. It is based on the Takigawa incident of 1933.The film stars Setsuko Hara, Susumu Fujita, Takashi Shimura and Denjirō Ōkōchi. Fujita's character was inspired by the real-life Hotsumi Ozaki, who assisted the famous Soviet spy Richard Sorge and so became the only Japanese citizen to suffer the death penalty for treason during World War Two.

positive: One Wonderful Sunday One Wonderful Sunday (素晴らしき日曜日, Subarashiki Nichiyōbi) is a 1947 Japanese film co-written and directed by Akira Kurosawa. It is in black-and-white and runs 108 minutes.Yuzo and his fiancée, Masako, spend a Sunday together in Tokyo. Between them they have 35 yen and are determined to make it last.  The film was made during the Occupation and shows some of the challenges facing post-war Tokyo. It is notable in the Kurosawa canon because Masako breaks the fourth wall near the end of the film.

positive: Ran (film) Ran (乱?, Chinese and Japanese for "chaos", "rebellion", or "revolt", or to mean "disturbed" or "confused") is a 1985 Japanese-French jidaigeki epic film directed and co-written by Akira Kurosawa. The film stars Tatsuya Nakadai as Hidetora Ichimonji, an aging Sengoku-era warlord who decides to abdicate as ruler in favor of his three sons. The story is based on legends of the daimyo Mōri Motonari, as well as on the Shakespearean tragedy King Lear.Ran was Kurosawa's last epic.

positive: Rashomon Rashomon (羅生門, Rashōmon) is a 1950 Japanese period drama film directed by Akira Kurosawa, working in close collaboration with cinematographer Kazuo Miyagawa. It stars Toshiro Mifune, Machiko Kyō, Masayuki Mori and Takashi Shimura.

positive: Red Beard Red Beard (赤ひげ, Akahige) is a 1965 Japanese film directed by Akira Kurosawa about the relationship between a town doctor and his new trainee. The film was based on Shūgorō Yamamoto's short story collection, Akahige shinryōtan (赤ひげ診療譚). Fyodor Dostoevsky's novel Humiliated and Insulted provided the source for a subplot about a young girl, Otoyo (Terumi Niki), who is rescued from a brothel.

positive: Rhapsody in August Rhapsody in August (八月の狂詩曲, Hachigatsu no rapusodī (Hachigatsu no kyōshikyoku)) is a 1991 Japanese film by Akira Kurosawa. The story centers on an elderly hibakusha, who lost her husband in the 1945 atomic bombing of Nagasaki, caring for her four grandchildren over the summer. She learns of a long-lost brother, Suzujiro, living in Hawaii who wants her to visit him before he dies. American film star Richard Gere appears as Suzujiro's son Clark.

positive: Sanjuro Sanjuro (椿三十郎, Tsubaki Sanjūrō) is a 1962 black-and-white Japanese samurai film directed by Akira Kurosawa and starring Toshiro Mifune. It is a sequel to Kurosawa's 1961 Yojimbo.Originally an adaptation of the Shūgorō Yamamoto novel Hibi Heian, the script was altered with the success of Kurosawa's 1961 Yojimbo to incorporate the lead character of that film.

positive: Sanshiro Sugata Sanshiro Sugata (姿三四郎, Sugata Sanshirō, aka Judo Saga) is the directorial debut of the Japanese film director Akira Kurosawa. First released in Japan on 25 March 1943 by Toho film studios, the film was eventually released in the United States on 28 April 1974. The film is based on the novel of the same name written by Tsuneo Tomita, the son of prominent judoka Tsunejirō Tomita. It follows the story of Sanshiro, a strong stubborn youth, who travels into the city in order to learn Jujutsu.

positive: Sanshiro Sugata Part II Sanshiro Sugata Part II (續姿三四郎, Zoku Sugata Sanshirō, aka Judo Saga II) is a 1945 film written and directed by Akira Kurosawa. It is based on the novel by Tsuneo Tomita. It was filmed in early 1945 in Japan towards the end of World War II. Unlike the original Sugata Sanshiro, the sequel is considered a propaganda film.

positive: Scandal (1950 film) Scandal (醜聞(スキャンダル), Sukyandaru, aka Shūbun) is a 1950 film written and directed by Akira Kurosawa.  The film stars Toshirō Mifune, Takashi Shimura and Shirley Yamaguchi.

positive: Seven Samurai Seven Samurai (七人の侍, Shichinin no Samurai) is a 1954 Japanese Jidaigeki adventure film co-written, edited, and directed by Akira Kurosawa. The story takes place in 1586 during the Warring States Period of Japan.

positive: Snow Trail Snow Trail (銀嶺の果て Ginrei no hate) is a 1947 black-and-white Japanese film directed by Senkichi Taniguchi  from Akira Kurosawa's screenplay. It was the first film role for Toshirō Mifune, later to become one of Japan's most famous actors. Mifune and the other main actor in the film Takashi Shimura, later became long-term collaborators of film director Akira Kurosawa.

positive: Stray Dog (film) Stray Dog (野良犬, Nora Inu) is a 1949 Japanese police procedural film noir directed by Akira Kurosawa and starring Toshiro Mifune and Takashi Shimura. The film is considered a precursor to the contemporary police procedural and buddy cop film genres.

positive: The Bad Sleep Well The Bad Sleep Well (悪い奴ほどよく眠る, Warui yatsu hodo yoku nemuru) is a 1960 film directed by the Japanese director Akira Kurosawa. It was the first film to be produced under Kurosawa's own independent production company. It was entered into the 11th Berlin International Film Festival.The film stars Toshiro Mifune as a young man who gets a prominent position in a corrupt postwar Japanese company in order to expose the men responsible for his father's death. It has its roots in Shakespeare's Hamlet.

positive: The Hidden Fortress The Hidden Fortress (隠し砦の三悪人, Kakushi toride no san akunin, literally, "The Three Villains of the Hidden Fortress") is a 1958 jidaigeki film directed by Akira Kurosawa and starring Toshiro Mifune as General Makabe Rokurōta (真壁 六郎太) and Misa Uehara as Princess Yuki.

positive: The Idiot (1951 film) The Idiot (白痴, Hakuchi) is a 1951 Japanese film directed by Akira Kurosawa. It is based on the novel The Idiot by Fyodor Dostoevsky.

positive: The Lower Depths (1957 film) The Lower Depths (どん底, Donzoko) is a 1957 Japanese film directed by Akira Kurosawa, based on the play The Lower Depths by Maxim Gorky. The film's setting was changed to Edo-period Japan.

positive: The Men Who Tread on the Tiger's Tail The Men Who Tread on the Tiger's Tail (虎の尾を踏む男達, Tora no O o Fumu Otokotachi, aka They Who Step on the Tiger's Tail) is a 1945 Japanese period drama film, written and directed by Akira Kurosawa. It is based on the kabuki play Kanjinchō, which is in turn based on the Noh play Ataka.The film was initially banned by the occupying Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (SCAP) due to its portrayal of feudal values.  It was later released after the signing of the Treaty of San Francisco in 1952.

positive: The Most Beautiful The Most Beautiful (一番美しく, Ichiban utsukushiku, aka Most Beautifully) is a 1944 Japanese propaganda drama film written and directed by Akira Kurosawa.The film is set in an optics factory during the Second World War.

positive: The Quiet Duel The Quiet Duel (静かなる決闘, Shizukanaru Kettō) is a 1949 Japanese film directed by Akira Kurosawa. It was the second of sixteen film collaborations between director Kurosawa and actor Toshiro Mifune.

positive: Those Who Make Tomorrow Those Who Make Tomorrow (明日を作る人々, Asu o tsukuru hitobito) is a 1946 film written by Yusaku Yamagata and Kajiro Yamamoto and directed by Akira Kurosawa, Hideo Sekigawa and Kajiro Yamamoto. Kurosawa would later leave the film out of his credits.

positive: Throne of Blood Throne of Blood (蜘蛛巣城, Kumonosu-jō, literally, "Spider Web Castle") is a 1957 Japanese film directed by Akira Kurosawa. The film transposes the plot of William Shakespeare's play Macbeth to feudal Japan, with stylistic elements drawn from Noh drama.

positive: Yojimbo (film) Yojimbo (用心棒, Yōjinbō) is a 1961 jidaigeki film directed by Akira Kurosawa. It tells the story of a rōnin, portrayed by Toshiro Mifune, who arrives in a small town where competing crime lords vie for supremacy. The two bosses each try to hire the newcomer as a bodyguard.Based on the success of Yojimbo, Kurosawa's next film, Sanjuro (1962), was altered to incorporate the lead character of this film.

negative: A.K. (film) A.K. is a 1985 French documentary film directed by Chris Marker about the Japanese director Akira Kurosawa. Though it was filmed while Kurosawa was working on Ran, the film focuses more on Kurosawa's remote but polite personality than on the making of the film. The film is sometimes seen as being reflective of Marker's fascination with Japanese culture, which he also drew on for one of his best-known films, Sans Soleil.

negative: Dora-heita Dora-heita (どら平太) (English:Alley Cat) is a 2000 Japanese film by Director Kon Ichikawa. It was the 74th film made by Ichikawa.

negative: Horse (1941 film) Uma (馬, also known as Horse) is a 1941 black-and-white Japanese film directed by Kajiro Yamamoto and starring Hideko Takamine, whom Yamamoto had directed in his film Composition Class (Tsuzurikata Kyōshitsu) three years before. Uma was actually completed by assistant director Akira Kurosawa. It follows the story of Ine Onoda, the eldest daughter of a poor family of farmers, who raises a colt from birth and comes to love the horse dearly.

negative: Kakushi Toride no San-Akunin: The Last Princess Kakushi Toride no San-Akunin: The Last Princess (隠し砦の三悪人 THE LAST PRINCESS, Kakushi Toride no San Akunin Za Rasuto Purinsesu, lit. The Three Villains of the Hidden Fortress: The Last Princess) is a Japanese film directed by Shinji Higuchi released May 10, 2008. It is a remake of Akira Kurosawa's The Hidden Fortress.

negative: Sword for Hire Sword for Hire (戦国無頼, Sengoku burai), literal English title: Vagabonds in a Country at War, is a 1952 black-and-white Japanese film directed by Hiroshi Inagaki.

negative: The Magnificent Seven The Magnificent Seven (1960) is an American western film directed by John Sturges and starring Yul Brynner, Eli Wallach and Steve McQueen. The picture is an Old West-style remake of Akira Kurosawa's Japanese-language film Seven Samurai (1954). The supporting cast features Charles Bronson, Robert Vaughn, James Coburn, Brad Dexter, and Horst Buchholz.

negative: Tsubasa no gaika Tsubasa no gaika (翼の凱歌) (English title - A Triumph of Wings) is a 1942 black-and-white Japanese film directed by Satsuo Yamamoto made for Toho Film (Eiga) Co. Ltd. It was co-written by Akira Kurosawa. The film's full title is The Triumphant Song of the Wings (lit: Winged Victory).

negative: Vendetta for a Samurai Vendetta of a Samurai (荒木又右衛門 決闘鍵屋の辻, Araki Mataemon: Kettō kagiya no tsuji) is a 1952 black-and-white Japanese film directed by Kazuo Mori made for Toho and starring Toshiro Mifune and Takashi Shimura. The script was written by Akira Kurosawa.

negative: Kurosawa's Way Kurosawa's Way (French: Kurosawa, la voie) is a 2011 French documentary directed and written by Catherine Cadou. The film features 11 major filmmakers from Asia, America and Europe as they discuss how the films of Japanese director Akira Kurosawa influenced them.

negative: List of awards and honors given to Akira Kurosawa The following table is a selected list of awards and honors given to the Japanese film director Akira Kurosawa.

negative: Kurosawa Film Studio The Kurosawa Film Studio consists of 3 studios that were founded by the movie director Akira Kurosawa and are located in Japan. Yokohama Studio Tomei Kawasaki Studio Yokohama Kizai CenterThe Yokohama Studio is located in Midori ward of Yokohama city in the Kirigaoka suburb.  It was completed on November 1, 1983.  One of the films produced in the studio is Akira Kurosawa's Dreams.

negative: Criticism of Akira Kurosawa Despite the extraordinary acclaim that Akira Kurosawa's work has received both in Japan and abroad, his films, as well as Kurosawa as an individual, have also been subject to considerable criticism, much of it harsh. The majority of these negative judgments fall into one or more of the categories shown below.

negative: Akira Kurosawa Memorial Short Film Competition The Akira Kurosawa Memorial Short Film Competition is a major international short film awards ceremony, run by the Akira Kurosawa Foundation.  Since the inaugural 2004-2005 competition, the Grand Prix and numerous other prizes have been awarded on an annual basis.

negative: Akira (actor) Ryōhei Kurosawa (黒沢 良平, Kurosawa Ryōhei, born 23 August 1981), known by the stage name Akira, is a Japanese actor and dancer. He is also a member of the all-male J-Pop group Exile.

negative: Kajirō Yamamoto Kajirō Yamamoto (山本 嘉次郎, Yamamoto Kajirō, 15 March 1902 – 21 September 1974) was a Japanese film director, screenwriter, and actor who was known for his war films and comedies and as the mentor of Akira Kurosawa.

negative: Ryūzō Kikushima Ryuzo Kikushima (菊島 隆三, Kikushima Ryūzō, 1 March 1914 –  18 March 1989) is a Japanese writer and film producer who is best known for co-writing the screenplays for several Akira Kurosawa movies, including Throne of Blood, The Hidden Fortress, Yojimbo and High and Low.  He also produced several of Kurosawa's early 1960s films.

negative: Kazuko Kurosawa Kazuko Kurosawa (黒澤 和子, Kurosawa Kazuko, born April 29, 1954) is a costume designer. She won the 2008 Genie Award for Best Achievement in Costume Design. She is the daughter of famous filmmaker Akira Kurosawa. Kurosawa has one grandson, actor Takayuki Kato.

negative: Kiyoshi Kurosawa Kiyoshi Kurosawa (黒沢 清, Kurosawa Kiyoshi, born July 19, 1955) is a Japanese film director, screenwriter, film critic and a professor at Tokyo University of the Arts. He is best known for his many contributions to the Japanese horror genre.

negative: Remakes of films by Akira Kurosawa A number of Akira Kurosawa's films have been remade. The following table shows the remakes that have been released as of July 2010.

negative: Akira Kurosawa bibliography A list of books and essays about Akira Kurosawa:

negative: Hiroshima (film) Hiroshima is a 1995 Japanese / Canadian film directed by Koreyoshi Kurahara and Roger Spottiswoode about the decision-making processes that led to the dropping of the atomic bombs by the United States on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki toward the end of World War II.

negative: Machiko Kyō Machiko Kyō (京 マチ子, Kyō Machiko, born March 25, 1924) is a Japanese actress whose film work occurred primarily during the 1950s. She starred in two of the greatest Japanese films of the 20th century, Akira Kurosawa's Rashomon and Kenji Mizoguchi's Ugetsu.Machiko trained to be a dancer before entering the film industry in 1949. The following year, she achieved international fame as the female lead in Akira Kurosawa's classic film Rashomon.

negative: Takashi Shimura Takashi Shimura (志村 喬, Shimura Takashi, March 12, 1905 – February 11, 1982) was a Japanese actor who appeared in over 200 films between 1934 and 1981. He is particularly noted for his appearances in 21 of Akira Kurosawa's 30 films, including as a lead actor in Drunken Angel (1948),  Ikiru (1952) and Seven Samurai (1954).

negative: Sōjirō Motoki Sōjirō Motoki (本木 荘二郎, Motoki Sōjirō) was a Japanese filmmaker who served primarily as a film producer, but also as a writer and director.  He was most famous for producing several films for Akira Kurosawa, including Seven Samurai, Ikiru and Throne of Blood.  He also produced films for other directors, including Mikio Naruse, for whom he produced Spring Awakens and Battle of Roses, and Kazuo Mori, for whom he produced Vendetta for a Samurai.

negative: Nobuo Nakamura Nobuo Nakamura (中村伸郎,  Nakamura Nobuo,  September 14, 1908 – July 5, 1991) was a Japanese actor, who made notable appearances in the films of Akira Kurosawa and Yasujiro Ozu in the 1950s and 1960s. Perhaps his most famous roles were those of the callous deputy mayor in Kurosawa's Ikiru (1952), and the hairdresser's henpecked husband in Ozu's Tokyo Story (1953).Nakamura was also famous for many notable contributions to Japanese modern theatre.

negative: Hideo Oguni Hideo Oguni (小国 英雄, Oguni Hideo, 9 July 1904 – 5 February 1996) was a Japanese writer who wrote over 100 screenplays.  He is best known for co-writing screenplays for a number of films directed by Akira Kurosawa, including Ikiru, The Seven Samurai, Throne of Blood and The Hidden Fortress.  His first film with Kurosawa was Ikiru, and according to film professor Catherine Russell, it was Oguni who devised that film's two-part structure.

negative: Kō Nishimura Kō Nishimura (西村 晃, Nishimura Kō, 25 January 1923 – 29 April 1997) was a Japanese actor who appeared in supporting roles in such films as Akira Kurosawa's The Bad Sleep Well and Yojimbo, Kihachi Okamoto's Sword of Doom, Yoshitaro Nomura's Zero Focus, and Kon Ichikawa's The Burmese Harp (where he was credited as Akira Nishimura).

negative: Hisashi Igawa Hisashi Igawa (井川比佐志 born 17 November 1936) is a Japanese actor who has appeared in such films as Akira Kurosawa's Dodesukaden, Ran and Madadayo. He starred in Abe Kōbō's production of The Man Who Turned Into A Stick, a surrealist play, in 1969.

negative: Akira Takarada Akira Takarada (宝田 明, Takarada Akira, April 29, 1934 -) is a Japanese film actor who is most known in the west for his roles in the Godzilla film series.

negative: 1990 Cannes Film Festival The 43rd Cannes Film Festival was held on May 10-21, 1990. The Palme d'Or went to the Wild at Heart by David Lynch.The festival opened with Dreams, directed by Akira Kurosawa and closed with The Comfort of Strangers, directed by Paul Schrader.

negative: Kuro (film) Kuro (はなればなれに, Hanarebanareni) is a 2012 Japanese film written and directed by Daisuke Shimote and presented at the 25th Tokyo International Film Festival. It was Shimote's directorial debut.

negative: List of Samurai 7 episodes This is a list of Samurai 7 episodes, an anime series based on Akira Kurosawa's Seven Samurai, but with a steampunk setting. The 26-episode series was directed by Toshifumi Takizawa.


query: harry potter

positive: Albus Dumbledore Professor Albus Percival Wulfric Brian Dumbledore  is a fictional character in J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter series. For most of the series, he is the headmaster of the wizarding school Hogwarts.

positive: Bonnie Wright Bonnie Francesca Wright (born 17 February 1991) is an English actress, model, screenwriter, director, and producer. She is best known for playing the role of Ginny Weasley in the Harry Potter film series, based on the Harry Potter novel series by British author J. K. Rowling.In 2014, she took part in the third series of The Great Sport/Comic Relief Bake Off: she won the first episode, being named the "Star Baker".

positive: Draco Malfoy Draco Lucius Malfoy  is a character in J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter series. He is a student in Harry Potter's year belonging in the Slytherin house. He is frequently accompanied by his two cronies, Vincent Crabbe and Gregory Goyle, who act as henchmen. Draco is characterised as a cowardly bully who manipulates and hurts people to get what he wants; nevertheless, he is a cunning user of magic. He was played by Tom Felton in the Harry Potter film series.

positive: Dumbledore's Army Dumbledore's Army (or D.A. for short) is a fictional student organisation in J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter series that is founded by the main characters, Harry Potter, Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger, to stand up against the regime of Hogwarts High Inquisitor Dolores Umbridge, as well as to learn practical Defence Against the Dark Arts.

positive: Fictional universe of Harry Potter The fictional universe of J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter series of fantasy novels comprises two distinct societies: the wizarding world and the Muggle world. The Muggle World is the series' name for the world inhabited by the non-magical majority, with which the wizarding world exists coextensively, but mostly remains hidden from the non-magical \Muggles\"."

positive: Harry Potter: Quidditch World Cup Harry Potter: Quidditch World Cup is a sports action video game released in November 2003, that features the fictional sport of Quidditch from the Harry Potter franchise. The user plays in the Hogwarts Quidditch Cup competition.

positive: Harry Potter Harry Potter is a series of seven fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling. The series chronicles the adventures of a young wizard, Harry Potter, the titular character, and his friends Ronald Weasley and Hermione Granger, all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.

positive: Harry Potter (character) Harry James Potter  is the title character of J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter series. The majority of the books' plot covers seven years in the life of the orphan Potter, who, on his eleventh birthday, learns he is a wizard. Thus, he attends Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry to practice magic under the guidance of the kindly headmaster Albus Dumbledore and other school professors.

positive: Harry Potter (film series) Harry Potter is a film series based on the Harry Potter novels by author J. K. Rowling. The series is distributed by Warner Bros. and consists of eight fantasy films beginning with Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001) and culminating with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (2011). It is the  second highest-grossing film series in inflation unadjusted dollars behind the Marvel Cinematic Universe films, with $7.7 billion in worldwide receipts.

positive: Harry Potter Alliance The Harry Potter Alliance (also known as the HPA) is a nonprofit organisation run primarily by Harry Potter fans. It was founded by Andrew Slack in 2005 to draw attention to human rights violations in Sudan. Since then, the organisation's campaigns have focused on topics such as literacy, United States immigration reform, economic justice, gay rights, sexism, labor rights, mental health, body image, and climate change.

positive: Harry Potter The Exhibition Harry Potter: The Exhibition is an international traveling exhibition, created by Global Experience Specialists, featuring hundreds of authentic props, costumes, artifacts and set dressings from the Harry Potter feature films.

positive: Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets is the second novel in the Harry Potter series, written by J. K. Rowling. The plot follows Harry's second year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, during which a series of messages on the walls of the school's corridors warn that the "Chamber of Secrets" has been opened and that the "heir of Slytherin" would kill all pupils who do not come from all-magical families.

positive: Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (film) Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets is a 2002 fantasy film directed by Chris Columbus and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is based on the novel of the same name by J. K. Rowling. The film, which is the second instalment in the Harry Potter film series, was written by Steve Kloves and produced by David Heyman.

positive: Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (video game) Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets is a 2002 action-adventure game published by Electronic Arts based on J.K. Rowling's novel Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets and the film of the same name. It was developed by both EA's internal development team and Eurocom for the PlayStation 2, Xbox, GameCube and Game Boy Advance systems. It was simultaneously co-developed by Amaze Entertainment for Windows, Mac and the Game Boy Color systems.

positive: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows is the seventh and final novel of the Harry Potter series, written by British author J. K. Rowling. The book was released on 21 July 2007 by Bloomsbury Publishing in the United Kingdom, in the United States by Scholastic, and in Canada by Raincoast Books, ending the series that began in 1997 with the publication of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone.

positive: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 is a 2010 fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is the first of two cinematic parts based on the novel by J. K. Rowling. The film, which is the seventh instalment in the Harry Potter film series, was written by Steve Kloves and produced by David Heyman, David Barron, and Rowling.

positive: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 (video game) Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 is the first part of a two-part action-adventure video game developed by EA Bright Light and published by Electronic Arts. It was released on 16 November 2010 in the United States, 18 November in Australia and on 19 November 2010 in Europe and India and is based on the film of the same name. Part 2 was released to coincide with the second film.

positive: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 is a 2011 fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is the second of two cinematic parts based on the novel Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows by J. K. Rowling. The film, which is the eighth and final instalment in the Harry Potter film series, was written by Steve Kloves and produced by David Heyman, David Barron, and Rowling.

positive: Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire is the fourth novel in the Harry Potter series, written by British author J. K. Rowling.

positive: Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (film) Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire is a 2005 fantasy film directed by Mike Newell and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is based on the novel of the same name by J. K. Rowling. The film, which is the fourth instalment in the Harry Potter film series, was written by Steve Kloves and produced by David Heyman. The story follows Harry Potter's fourth year at Hogwarts as he is chosen by the Goblet of Fire to compete in the Triwizard Tournament.

positive: Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (video game) Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire is a 2005 video game based on the film Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire. The movie is based on J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, the fourth novel in the Harry Potter series.The game follows the three main characters of the film — namely Harry Potter, Hermione Granger, and Ron Weasley — and there is an entirely new spell-casting system that allows for collaborative spells.

positive: Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince is the sixth and penultimate novel in the Harry Potter series, written by British author J. K. Rowling.

positive: Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film) Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince is a 2009 fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is based on the novel of the same name by J. K. Rowling. The film, which is the sixth instalment in the Harry Potter film series, was written by Steve Kloves and produced by David Heyman and David Barron.

positive: Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (video game) Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince is a video game, developed by EA's Bright Light Studio and published by Electronic Arts. The game was released on June 30, 2009 and is based on the film of the same name. The game was released on the, Microsoft Windows, Nintendo DS, Wii, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation Portable, Xbox 360, and Mobile platforms. This is the last Harry Potter game for the PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable.

positive: Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix is the fifth novel in the Harry Potter series, written by J. K. Rowling. It follows Harry Potter's struggles through his fifth year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, including the surreptitious return of the antagonist Lord Voldemort, O.W.L. exams, and an obstructive Ministry of Magic. The novel was published on 21 June 2003 by Bloomsbury in the United Kingdom, Scholastic in the United States, and Raincoast in Canada.

positive: Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film) Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix is a 2007 fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is based on the novel of the same name by J. K. Rowling. The film, which is the fifth instalment in the Harry Potter film series, was written by Michael Goldenberg (making this the only film in the series not to be scripted by Steve Kloves) and produced by David Heyman and David Barron.

positive: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone is the first novel in the Harry Potter series and J. K. Rowling's debut novel. The plot follows Harry Potter, a young wizard who discovers his magical heritage as he makes close friends and a few enemies in his first year at the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.

positive: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (film) Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (released in some territories with the alternative subtitle the Sorcerer's Stone) is a 2001 fantasy film directed by Chris Columbus and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is based on the novel of the same name by J. K. Rowling. The film, which is the first instalment in the Harry Potter film series, was written by Steve Kloves and produced by David Heyman.

positive: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (soundtrack) The soundtrack to Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (or Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone in the United States, India, and Pakistan) was released on 30 October 2001. The film's score was composed and conducted by John Williams.  The soundtrack was nominated for Best Original Score at the 74th Academy Awards.

positive: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (video game) Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (known as Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone in the United States) is an Electronic Arts multi-platform action-adventure with heavy platformer elements video game developed by KnowWonder, Warthog, Griptonite, Argonaut, Eurocom and Westlake Interactive. It is based on J.K Rowling's novel of the same name and the film adaptation.

positive: Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban is the third novel in the Harry Potter series, written by J. K. Rowling. The book follows Harry Potter, a young wizard, in his third year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.

positive: Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (film) Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban is a 2004 fantasy film directed by Alfonso Cuarón and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is based on the novel of the same name by J. K. Rowling. The film, which is the third instalment in the Harry Potter film series, was written by Steve Kloves and produced by Chris Columbus (director of the first two instalments), David Heyman, and Mark Radcliffe.

positive: Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (video game) Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban is a 2004 action-adventure platformer video game that was released concurrently with the film release of Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. The game was based on the film of the same name and on J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, the third novel in the Harry Potter series.

positive: Harry Potter fandom "Harry Potter fandom" refers to the community of fans of the Harry Potter books and movies who participate in entertainment activities that revolve around the series, such as reading and writing fan fiction, creating and soliciting fan art, engaging in role-playing games, socializing on Harry Potter-based forums, and more.

positive: Harry Potter in Calcutta Harry Potter in Calcutta is a work by Uttam Ghosh in which Harry Potter meets figures from Bengali literature. J.K. Rowling and her lawyers sued for the novel to be removed from the market, citing intellectual property concerns, and subsequently they were removed from sales.

positive: Harry Potter prequel The Harry Potter prequel is an 800-word, untitled short story written by J. K. Rowling in 2008 as part of a charity auction event, for which it fetched £25,000. The story recounts an adventure experienced by Sirius Black and James Potter, taking place before the events of the Harry Potter series.

positive: Hermione Granger Hermione Jean Granger  (/hərˈmaɪ.əni ˈdʒiːn ˈɡreɪndʒər/) is a fictional character in J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter series. She initially appears in the first novel, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, as a new student on her way to Hogwarts. After Harry and Ron save her from a mountain troll in the girls' toilets, she becomes close friends with them and often uses her quick wit, deft recall, and encyclopaedic knowledge to help them.

positive: J. K. Rowling Joanne  "Jo" Rowling, OBE FRSL (/ˈroʊlɪŋ/; born 31 July 1965), pen names J. K. Rowling and Robert Galbraith, is a British novelist best known as the author of the Harry Potter fantasy series. The books have gained worldwide attention, won multiple awards, and sold more than 400 million copies. They have become the best-selling book series in history and been the basis for a series of films which is the second highest-grossing film series in history.

positive: Legal disputes over the Harry Potter series Since first coming to wide notice in the late 1990s, the Harry Potter book series by J. K. Rowling has engendered a number of legal disputes. Rowling, her various publishers and Time Warner, the owner of the rights to the Harry Potter films, have taken numerous legal actions to protect their copyrights, and also have fielded accusations of copyright theft themselves.

positive: Lego Creator: Harry Potter Lego Creator: Harry Potter is a series of computer games based on the Harry Potter story series and the Lego brand of building blocks. It was developed by Superscape and published by Electronic Arts. In the game, the player can build Harry Potter-themed worlds and complete challenges.Lego Creator was first introduced in 1998, then came Lego Creator: Knights' Kingdom in 2000, and then Lego Creator: Harry Potter in 2001.

positive: Lego Harry Potter Lego Harry Potter is a Lego theme based on the films of the Harry Potter series. Lego models of important scenes, vehicles and characters were made for the first six films and all the books released. The first sets appeared in 2001, to coincide with the release of the first film Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone in the United States). Subsequent sets were released alongside the new films, up until Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix.

positive: List of Harry Potter-related topics Harry Potter is a series of fantasy novels by J. K. Rowling.Harry Potter related topics include:

positive: List of Harry Potter characters This is a list of characters in the Harry Potter series. They are all fictional characters who have appeared in a Harry Potter-related book by J. K. Rowling.

positive: List of spells in Harry Potter Spells in Harry Potter occur in the fictional wizarding world of the series of books by author J. K. Rowling. Magic spells are used by many of the characters to achieve useful effects without the benefit of modern technology. The main depiction of a "spell" in the Harry Potter books consists of a gesture made with the character's wand, combined with a spoken or mental incantation.

positive: List of supporting Harry Potter characters The following are supporting characters in the Harry Potter series written by J. K. Rowling. For members of the Order of the Phoenix, Dumbledore's Army, or the Hogwarts staff, and for Death Eaters, see the respective articles.

positive: Magic in Harry Potter In the Harry Potter series created by J. K. Rowling, magic is depicted as a supernatural force that can be used to override the usual laws of nature. Many fictional magical creatures exist in the series, while ordinary creatures sometimes exhibit new magical properties in the novels' world. Objects, too, can be enhanced or imbued with magical property.

positive: Magical creatures in Harry Potter Magical creatures are a colourful aspect of the fictional "wizarding world" contained in the Harry Potter series by J. K. Rowling. Throughout the seven books of the series, Harry and his friends come across many of these creatures on their adventures, as well as in the Care of Magical Creatures class at Hogwarts. Rowling has also written Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, a guide to the magical beasts found in the series.

positive: Muggle In the Harry Potter book series, a Muggle is a person who lacks any sort of magical ability and was not born into the magical world. Muggles also do not have any magical blood. It differs from the term Squib, which refers to a person with one or more magical parents yet without any magical ability, and from the term Muggle-born (or the derogatory and offensive mudblood), which refers to a person with magical abilities but without magical parents.

positive: Music of the Harry Potter films The music of the Harry Potter film series was recorded and released in conjunction with the post-production and releases of each of the eight corresponding films. The scores were composed by John Williams, Patrick Doyle, Nicholas Hooper, and Alexandre Desplat. Musicians credited with writing source music include Jarvis Cocker, The Ordinary Boys and Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. Jeremy Soule and James Hannigan wrote the music for the Harry Potter video games.

positive: Parodies of Harry Potter The immense popularity and wide recognition of J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter fantasy series has led to its being extensively parodied, in works spanning nearly every medium. The franchise holds the record for the most fan fiction parodies, at over 500,000. Some self-described parodies have been targeted by Rowling and her publishers as plagiarism, while others have sold hundreds of thousands of copies without any threat of legal sanction.

positive: Places in Harry Potter J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter universe contains numerous settings for the events in her fantasy novels. These locations are categorised as a dwelling, school, shopping district, or government-affiliated locale.

positive: Potions in Harry Potter This is a list of potions used in the Harry Potter series. Many are mentioned in Potions class at Hogwarts, which is taught by Severus Snape in books one to five and Horace Slughorn in books six and seven.

positive: Rubeus Hagrid Rubeus Hagrid is a fictional character in the Harry Potter book series written by J. K. Rowling. Hagrid is introduced in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone as a half-giant and half-human who is the gamekeeper and Keeper of Keys and Grounds of Hogwarts, the primary setting for the first six novels. In the third novel Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, Hagrid is promoted to Care of Magical Creatures teacher, and is later revealed to be a member of the Order of the Phoenix.

positive: The Harry Potter Lexicon The Harry Potter Lexicon is a fan-created online encyclopedia of the Harry Potter series.

positive: The Wizarding World of Harry Potter The Wizarding World of Harry Potter  is a themed area based on the Harry Potter series, currently at three Universal Parks & Resorts theme parks and under construction in a fourth.

positive: The Wizarding World of Harry Potter (Universal Orlando Resort) The Wizarding World of Harry Potter is a themed area spanning two theme parks – Islands of Adventure and Universal Studios Florida –  at the Universal Orlando Resort in Orlando, Florida, USA.The first phase was officially announced for Islands of Adventure on May 31, 2007, and after a two-and-a-half-year construction period, the area officially opened to the public on June 18, 2010.

negative: Order of the Phoenix (fictional organisation) The Order of the Phoenix is a secret organisation in the Harry Potter series of fiction books written by J. K. Rowling. Founded by Albus Dumbledore to fight Lord Voldemort and his followers, the Death Eaters, the Order lends its name to the fifth book of the series, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix.

negative: The Magical Worlds of Harry Potter The Magical Worlds of Harry Potter: A Treasury of Myths, Legends, and Fascinating Facts is a guide to the fictional Harry Potter universe, written by David Colbert. It explores the references to history, legends, and literature in J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter novels. Colbert conceived the idea for The Magical Worlds of Harry Potter while quizzing his nephew and nieces about the mythological references in the novels.

negative: Magical objects in Harry Potter The following is a list of magical objects used in the Harry Potter series.

negative: Harry and the Potters and the Power of Love Harry and the Potters and the Power of Love, or Power of Love, is the third studio album by indie rock band Harry and the Potters, released on July 4, 2006. The album was primarily inspired by the sixth novel in the Harry Potter book series.

negative: Lego Harry Potter: Years 1–4 Lego Harry Potter: Years 1–4 is a 2010 video game in the Lego video game franchise, developed by Traveller's Tales and published by Warner Bros. The game is based on the Lego Harry Potter line and its storyline covers the first four films in the Harry Potter series: Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, and Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire.

negative: Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (video game) Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix is a video game that is based on the fifth installment of the popular Harry Potter series by J. K. Rowling and the film of the same name, for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, PSP, Nintendo DS, Wii, Game Boy Advance and Mac OS X.

negative: A Very Potter Musical A Very Potter Musical (originally titled Harry Potter: The Musical and often shortened to AVPM) is a musical with music and lyrics by Darren Criss and A. J. Holmes and a book by Matt Lang, Nick Lang and Brian Holden. The story is a parody based on several of the Harry Potter novels, particularly Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows by J. K.

negative: Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them is a 2001 book written by British author J. K. Rowling (under the pseudonym of the ficticious author Newt Scamander) about the magical creatures in the Harry Potter universe. It purports to be Harry Potter's copy of the textbook of the same name mentioned in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (published as Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone in the US), the first novel of the Harry Potter series.

negative: Harry and the Potters (album) Harry and the Potters is the eponymous debut studio album by indie rock band Harry and the Potters, released in June 2003. The album was inspired by the first four novels in the Harry Potter book series.

negative: Harry Potter Fan Zone Harry Potter Fan Zone is an Australian Harry Potter fansite created in 2003 by Australian teenager Andy McCray. Harry Potter author J. K. Rowling awarded the website a "Fan Site Award," stating that "[it] is a great Australian site with an impressively young staff who have produced some really insightful editorials."

negative: Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey is a motion based dark ride located in The Wizarding World of Harry Potter themed areas of Islands of Adventure in Orlando, Florida, and Universal Studios Japan in Osaka, Japan. The ride takes guests through scenes and environments in and around Hogwarts Castle from the Harry Potter series of books and films.

negative: Harry Potter Trading Card Game The Harry Potter Trading Card Game is a strategy and collectible card game based in the magical world of J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter novels. Created by Wizards of the Coast in August 2001, the game was designed to compete with the Yu-Gi-Oh!, Pokémon and Magic: The Gathering card games. Its release was timed to coincide with the theatrical premiere of the first film in the series. The game was praised for the way it immersed children in the Harry Potter universe.

negative: A Very Potter Sequel A Very Potter Sequel is a musical with music and lyrics by Darren Criss and a book by Matt Lang, Nick Lang, and Brian Holden. The story is a parody based on several of the Harry Potter novels, particularly Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, and Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, by J. K. Rowling as well as their film counterparts.A Very Potter Sequel picks up where A Very Potter Musical left off with Lord Voldemort destroyed.

negative: Politics of Harry Potter There are many published theories about politics in the Harry Potter books by J. K. Rowling, which range from them containing criticism of racism to anti-government sentiments. According to Inside Higher Ed, doctoral theses have been devoted to the Harry Potter books.

negative: HPANA The Harry Potter Automatic News Aggregator, or HPANA, as it is better known, was a Harry Potter fansite created in 2002 to monitor news on the Internet about J. K. Rowling's series of novels about the eponymous wizard.

negative: Death Eater Death Eaters are fictional characters in the Harry Potter series of novels and films. They are a group of wizards and witches, led by the dark wizard Lord Voldemort, who seek to purify the Wizarding community by eliminating the Muggle-borns (wizards or witches born to non-magical parents) and half-bloods, which are created when a muggle and wizard or witch mate.

negative: Harry Potter (journalist) Harry Potter (1941 – 8 May 2014) was an Australian journalist, television reporter and presenter. A veteran police and crime reporter whose career spanned more than fifty years, Potter first joined Ten Eyewitness News, a nightly news show on Network Ten, in 1978. In 2013, Harry Potter became the first recipient of the Kennedy Lifetime Achievement Award.Potter was diagnosed with cancer in the early 2000s. He died from cancer on 8 May 2014, at the age of 72.

negative: Lord Voldemort Lord Voldemort (/ˈvoʊldəmɔr/) (born Tom Marvolo Riddle) is a fictional character in J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter series. Voldemort first appeared in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, which was released in 1997.

negative: Harry and the Potters discography Harry and the Potters are an American wizard rock and indie rock band formed in Norwood, Massachusetts in 2002 by brothers Joe and Paul DeGeorge. They have released three studio albums, six extended plays and one compilation album on Eskimo Laboratories.Their eponymous debut studio album, Harry and the Potters, was released in 2003 followed by a short EP titled Mail Songs #1. They released their second studio album, Voldemort Can't Stop the Rock!, in 2004.

negative: Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (soundtrack) Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince is the soundtrack to the 2009 film of the same name, written and composed by Nicholas Hooper. The score was conducted by Hooper alongside Alastair King. It is the second Harry Potter film to be scored by Hooper, who also composed the score for the previous film in the series, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix.

negative: The Wizarding World of Harry Potter (Universal Studios Japan) The Wizarding World of Harry Potter is a themed area based on the Harry Potter series built at Universal Parks & Resorts' Universal Studios Japan theme park in Osaka, Japan. It opened to the public on July 15, 2014. It contains the Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey attraction and Flight of the Hippogriff roller coaster that debuted at the Orlando Wizarding World in 2010. The village of Hogsmeade is also recreated.

negative: Pottermore Pottermore is a website focusing on the unknown parts of the Harry Potter series and re-telling the story in an interactive way. The author, J.K. Rowling, partnered with Sony to develop the site. The site features Rowling's thoughts, several pages of unpublished text, and a sales resource for e-book and audiobook versions of the seven Harry Potter novels.On 31 July 2011, registration for the limited beta release began.

negative: Harry and the Potters Harry and the Potters are an American rock band known for spawning the genre of wizard rock. Founded in Norwood, Massachusetts in 2002, the group is primarily composed of Joe and Paul DeGeorge, who both perform under the persona of the title character from the Harry Potter book series.

negative: Lego Harry Potter: Years 5–7 Lego Harry Potter: Years 5–7 is a 2011 video game in the Lego video game franchise, developed by Traveller's Tales and published by Warner Bros.

negative: Harry Potter in amusement parks This article details the appearance of Harry Potter theming in amusement parks. In the late 1990s, Universal Parks and Resorts began discussing the possibility of purchasing the license for Harry Potter to create and theme amusement park rides. As Time Warner owns the license, a small walkthrough attraction was constructed at Warner Bros. Movie World called the Harry Potter Movie Magic Experience in 2001. This attraction was removed two years later.

negative: Hogwarts staff The following fictional characters are staff members and denizens of Hogwarts in the Harry Potter books written by J. K. Rowling.

negative: Harry, A History Harry, A History: The True Story of a Boy Wizard, His Fans, and Life Inside the Harry Potter Phenomenon is a 2008 book by writer and webmistress of The Leaky Cauldron, Melissa Anelli. The book describes the Harry Potter phenomenon in detail. The book was published on November 4, 2008, by Pocket Books, and debuted at #18 on The New York Times paperback bestseller list. Notably, the book features exclusive interview material and insights from Harry Potter author J.K.

negative: Harper Marshall Harper Page Marshall is an English actress. She is known for her role as Hermione Granger in the video games of Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire and Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix. She also provided the voice for Malice: A Kat's Tale.

negative: Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (soundtrack) The Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets original motion picture soundtrack  was released on 12 November 2002.

negative: Production of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows is the 2010/2011 two-part finale of the Harry Potter film series. Both Part 1 and Part 2 were directed by David Yates, written by Steve Kloves, and form the screen adaptation of the novel of the same name by J. K. Rowling. The adaptation was produced by Rowling along with David Heyman and David Barron.

negative: Harry Potter Movie Magic Experience The Harry Potter Movie Magic Experience at Warner Bros. Movie World was a walk-through attraction which featured several recreations of sets from the Harry Potter movies. The original attraction opened on 26 December 2001, themed to the first movie while a second version opened one year later to coincide with the second movie. The Harry Potter Movie Magic Experience closed in 2003 and was replaced by The Official Matrix Exhibit.

negative: Ron Weasley Ronald Bilius "Ron" Weasley is a fictional character in J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter series. His first appearance was in the first book of the series, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone as the best friend of Harry Potter and Hermione Granger. He is a member of the Weasley family, a pure blood family, who reside in "The Burrow" outside Ottery St. Catchpole. Along with Harry and Hermione, he is a member of the Gryffindor house. Ron is present in most of the action throughout the series.


query: digital music notation formats

positive: ABC notation ABC notation  is a shorthand form of musical notation. In basic form it uses the letters A through G to represent the given notes, with other elements used to place added value on these - sharp, flat, the length of the note, key, ornamentation.  Later, with computers becoming a major means of communication, others saw the possibilities of using this form of notation as an ASCII code that could facilitate the sharing of music online, also adding a new and simple language for software developers.

positive: Accidental (music) In music, an accidental is a note whose pitch (or pitch class) is not a member of the scale or mode indicated by the most recently applied key signature. In musical notation, the sharp (♯), flat (♭), and natural (♮) symbols, among others, are used to mark such notes, and those symbols may themselves be called accidentals.

positive: Band-in-a-Box Band-in-a-Box is a MIDI music arranger software package for Windows and Mac OS produced by PG Music Incorporated. It was first introduced in 1990 for PC computers and also the Atari ST.The software allows a solo musician to play along to a computer-generated accompaniment with adjustable tempo, adjustable key, and a choice of musical styles. Original accompaniment with custom chord progressions and melody lines can also be created.

positive: Braille music Braille music is a Braille code that allows music to be notated using Braille cells so that music can be read by visually impaired musicians.  The Braille music system was originally developed by Louis Braille.Braille music uses the same six-position Braille cell as literary braille.

positive: Capella (notation program) capella is a musical notation program or scorewriter developed by the German company Capella Software AG (formerly WHC), running on Microsoft Windows or corresponding emulators in other operating systems, like Wine on Linux and others on Apple Macintosh. Capella requires to be activated after a trial period of 30 days. The publisher writes the name in lower case letters only. The program was initially created by Hartmut Ring, and is now maintained and developed by Bernd Jungmann.

positive: Colored music notation Colored music notation is a technique used to facilitate enhanced learning in young music students by adding visual color to written musical notation.  It is based upon the concept that color can affect the observer in various ways, and combines this with standard learning of basic notation.

positive: Creative Music File The Creative Music File (CMF) is a synthesised music file format, similar to MIDI, designed by Creative Labs for use with their Sound Blaster cards.  The format actually stores its song data in MIDI format but it differs in that while General MIDI instruments are standardised, CMF instruments' data are stored in the file itself, much like MOD files.

positive: DLS format DLS (from Downloadable Sounds), is standardized file formats for digital musical instrument sound banks (collections of virtual musical instrument programs).  The DLS standards also include detailed specifications for how MIDI protocol-controlled music synthesizers should render the instruments in a DLS file.

positive: GUIDO music notation GUIDO Music Notation is a computer music notation format designed to logically represent all aspects of music in a manner that is both computer-readable and easily readable by human beings. It was named after Guido of Arezzo, who pioneered today's conventional musical notation 1 000 years ago.GUIDO was first designed by Holger H. Hoos (then at Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany, now at University of British Columbia, Canada) and Keith Hamel (University of British Columbia, Canada).

positive: General MIDI General MIDI or GM is a standardized specification for music synthesizers that respond to MIDI messages.  GM was developed by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA) and the Japan MIDI Standards Committee (JMSC) and first published in 1991.

positive: Guitar chord file format The Guitar chord file format is a simple ASCII file format for transcribing songs with guitar chords and lyrics.Although this format is legible as it is, there are many popular programs for displaying, transposing and printing..crd is the normal filename extension.

positive: IMF (file format) IMF is an audio file format created by id Software for the AdLib sound card for use in their video games. The default filename extension is also "imf". The abbreviation stands for "id music file" or "id's music format".The format is similar to MIDI, in that it defines musical notes, and does not support sampled digital audio for sound effects. IMF files store the actual bytes sent to the AdLib's OPL2 chip, which uses FM synthesis to produce audio output.

positive: JAM notation JAM is both the software and file format for representing music as human-readable and human-writable text.Unlike the ABC notation, another text-based music format, that is best suitable for one-voice tunes,JAM is mainly focused on chords.Here is an example of jam notation:### LULLABY OF BIRDLANDDm7 Bm7-5 | E7   A7   | Dm7 /  | Gm7   C7F+7 F7    | Bb+7 Bbm7 | F+7 /  | Em7-5 A7Dm7 Bm7-5 | E7   A7   | Dm7 /  | Gm7   C7F+7 F7    | Bb+7 Bbm7 | F+7 C7 | F+7   /Am7-5 D7    | Gm7  /    | Gm7-5 C7 | F+7 /Am7-5 D7    | Gm7  /    | Gm7-5 C7 | F+7 A7Dm7   Bm7-5 | E7   A7   | Dm7   /  | Gm7 C7F+7   F7    | Bb+7 Bbm7 | F+7   C7 | F+7The software is proprietary, windows-only freeware.

positive: MIDI MIDI (/ˈmɪdi/; short for Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a technical standard that describes a protocol, digital interface and connectors and allows a wide variety of electronic musical instruments, computers and other related devices to connect and communicate with one another.

positive: MIDI Tuning Standard MIDI Tuning Standard (MTS) is a specification of precise musical pitch agreed to by the MIDI Manufacturers Association in the MIDI protocol. MTS allows for both a bulk tuning dump message, giving a tuning for each of 128 notes, and a tuning message for individual notes as they are played.

positive: Master Tracks Pro Master Tracks Pro (MTP) is music-sequencer software for Windows or Mac OS, to author and/or edit MIDI data. David Kusek and Don Williams et al. at Passport Designs originally created it, continuation of marketing and  development by GVOX, and, as of Aug. 8, 2013, by Passport Music Software, LLC.

positive: Music Macro Language Music Macro Language (MML) is a music description language used in sequencing music on computer and video game systems.MML is sometimes known as Music Markup Language, by conflation with the XML musical notation markup language of that name. For instance, what the video game Mabinogi refers to as "Music Markup Language" is actually a typical implementation of Music Macro Language.

positive: Music Markup Language Music Markup Language (MML) is an XML application to describe music objects and events, using different modules and markup. MML can be delivered in different formats, such as text, block bars or piano roll, Common Western Notation or MIDI-devices. Since MML can be employed in such simple and accessible formats, it's possible to sequence music without resorting to expensive software.

positive: Music OCR Music OCR or optical music recognition (OMR) is the application of optical character recognition to interpret sheet music or printed scores into editable or playable form. Once captured digitally, the music can be saved in commonly used file formats, e.g. MIDI (for playback) and MusicXML (for page layout).

positive: Music Works Music Works, also Music Works Personal, was a music notation sequencing program for Windows 9x that used midi protocol technology. It was developed by Brisbane, Australia based Middle Earth Software in the late 1990s, which then changed its name to Tierra Media (which means "Middle Earth"). Its native file format was .MWW, but it could also import and export .mid. It had a font-based interface, and formatting up to the look of professional notation.

positive: Music engraving Music engraving is the art of drawing music notation at high quality for the purpose of mechanical reproduction. The term music copying is almost equivalent—though music engraving implies a higher degree of skill and quality, usually for publication. The name of the process originates in plate engraving, a widely used technique dating from the late sixteenth century. The term engraving is now used to refer to any high-quality method of drawing music notation, particularly on a computer ("computer engraving" or "computer setting") or by hand ("hand engraving").

positive: Musical notation Music notation or musical notation is any system used to visually represent aurally perceived music through the use of written symbols, including ancient or modern musical symbols. Types and methods of notation have varied between cultures and throughout history, and much information about ancient music notation is fragmentary.Although many ancient cultures used symbols to represent melodies, none of them is nearly as comprehensive as written language, limiting our modern understanding.

positive: Notation Interchange File Format Notation Interchange File Format (NIFF) is a music notation file format used primarily for transferring music notation between different scorewriters. The NIFF project was started in February 1994 to create an open format that would allow exchange of music between various scanning / Music OCR, editing and typesetting programs.

positive: Open Sound Control Open Sound Control (OSC) is a protocol for networking sound synthesizers, computers, and other multimedia devices for purposes such as musical performance or Show control. Bringing the benefits of modern networking technology to the world of electronic musical instruments, OSC's advantages include interoperability, accuracy, flexibility, and enhanced organization and documentation.

positive: Overture (software) Overture is a music notation (scorewriter) program for Windows and Macintosh platforms, written by Don Williams. Visually, the Overture interface resembles Encore, another notation program originally by the same author. However, Overture is the first scorewriter program to feature full Virtual Studio Technology (VST) hosting; the software also plays MIDI files.

positive: Progression (software) PROGRESSION is a music creation and performance computer program created by NOTION Music. Created for use on Microsoft Windows and Mac OS laptops or desktops, PROGRESSION focuses on composition for guitar, but can also be used to compose for keyboards (piano, electric piano, and clavinet), bass (electric and upright), and drums (standard drum set).

positive: Rich Music Format Rich Music Format (also known as RMF) is a music file format defined by Beatnik. It is a wrapper for audio formats including .wav, .au, .aiff, .mp3 and MIDI. RMF's purpose is to encrypt the data, and to store MIDI together with instrument sounds. RMF is not widely used as of 2009, but is noteworthy from the fact that the reference implementation of the Java Media Framework and JavaSound can play RMF files.

positive: Synthetic music mobile application format Synthetic-music mobile application format, abbreviated SMAF, is a music data format specified by Yamaha for portable electronic devices, such as cell phones and PDAs. The file extension for SMAF is .MMF and is common as ringtones for mobile phones with one of five sound chips.SMAF resembles MIDI, but also supports graphics and PCM sound playback.

positive: Tablature Tablature (or tabulature, or tab for short) is a form of musical notation indicating instrument fingering rather than musical pitches.Tablature is common for fretted stringed instruments such as the lute, vihuela, or guitar, as well as many free reed aerophones such as the harmonica.

positive: XMF XMF (Extensible Music Format) is a tree-based digital container format used to bundle music-oriented content, such as a MIDI file and optionally the sounds it uses, liner notes or other content grouped by language-codes.The first XMF definitions were to allow the bundling of a musical performance with the musical sounds used. For instance, a MIDI file could be stored together with a Downloadable Sounds file, and both files would travel together inside one XMF file.

negative: 2000s in the music industry In the first decade of the 21st century, the rise of computers as the primary means to record, distribute, store, and play music caused widespread economic changes in the music industry, fundamentally changing the relationships between artists, record companies, promoters, retail music stores, the technology industry, and consumers. The rise of digital music consumption options contributed to a few fundamental changes in consumption. First the decline of album sales.

negative: ASCII ASCII (/ˈæski/ ASS-kee), abbreviated from American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character-encoding scheme (the IANA prefers the name US-ASCII).  ASCII codes represent text in computers, communications equipment, and other devices that use text. Most modern character-encoding schemes are based on ASCII, though they support many additional characters.

negative: ASCII tab ASCII tab is a text file format used for writing guitar, bass guitar and drum tabulatures (a form of musical notation) that uses plain ASCII numbers, letters and symbols. It is the only widespread file format for representing tabulature, and is extensively used for disseminating tabulature via the Internet.ASCII tab is intended to be a human-readable format rather than machine-readable, and hence is not strictly defined.

negative: Ableton Live Ableton Live is a software music sequencer and digital audio workstation for OS X and Windows. The latest major release of Live, Version 9, was released on March 5, 2013. In contrast to many other software sequencers, Live is designed to be an instrument for live performances as well as a tool for composing, recording, arranging, mixing and mastering.

negative: Abstract Syntax Notation One Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) is a standard and notation that describes rules and structures for representing, encoding, transmitting, and decoding data in telecommunications and computer networking.  The formal rules enable representation of objects that are independent of machine-specific encoding techniques. Formal notation makes it possible to automate the task of validating whether a specific instance of data representation abides by the specifications.

negative: Air de cour The Air de cour was a popular type of secular vocal music in France in the late Renaissance and early Baroque period, from about 1570 until around 1650.  From approximately 1610 to 1635, during the reign of Louis XIII, this was the predominant form of secular vocal composition in France, especially in the royal court.

negative: Amarok (software) Amarok /ˈæmərɒk/ is a cross-platform free and open source music player. Although Amarok is part of the KDE project, it is released independently of the central KDE Software Compilation release cycle. Amarok is released under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2.

negative: Audio file format An audio file format is a file format for storing digital audio data on a computer system. The bit layout of the audio data (excluding metadata) is called the audio coding format and can be uncompressed, or compressed to reduce the file size, often using lossy compression. The data can be a raw bitstream in an audio coding format, but it is usually embedded in a container format or an audio data format with defined storage layer.

negative: Audiveris Audiveris is an open source tool for optical music recognition (OMR).It allows a user to import scanned music scores and export them to MusicXML format for use in other applications, e.g. music notation programs or page turning software for digital sheet music.Audiveris is written in Java and published as free software under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL).

negative: BMP file format The BMP file format, also known as bitmap image file or device independent bitmap (DIB) file format or simply a bitmap, is a raster graphics image file format used to store bitmap digital images, independently of the display device (such as a graphics adapter), especially on Microsoft Windows and OS/2 operating systems.The BMP file format is capable of storing two-dimensional digital images of arbitrary width, height, and resolution, both monochrome and color, in various color depths, and optionally with data compression, alpha channels, and color profiles.

negative: BT Digital Music Awards The BT Digital Music Awards (DMA) was a British music award ceremony held annually for 10 years from 2002 to 2011 (with no ceremony in 2009). Music industry professionals nominated artists, venues and hardware into the Judge's Choice award categories. The rest of the awards were made up of People's Choice Awards, voted for by the public. The final awards were held at the Camden Roundhouse on 29 September 2011.

negative: Cakewalk (company) Cakewalk, Inc. is a music production software company. Based in Boston, Massachusetts, the company is best known product is their professional-level digital audio workstation (DAW) software, SONAR. SONAR integrates multi-track recording and editing of digital audio and MIDI.

negative: Choral Public Domain Library The Choral Public Domain Library (CPDL) is a sheet music archive which focuses on choral and vocal music in the public domain or otherwise freely available for printing and performing (such as via permission from the copyright holder).

negative: Chris Gorog William Christopher “Chris” Gorog is an entertainment and technology executive that has served in senior leadership positions in Hollywood and Silicon Valley, including as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Napster, a top digital music brand, and Roxio.Gorog played a central role in efforts to monetize digital music downloads and streams. He oversaw Roxio's conversion to a digital music subscription and download service through the acquisitions of Pressplay and Napster.

negative: Chris Huggett Chris Huggett is a British  engineer and designer who co-founded Electronic Dream Plant (EDP), founded Oxford Synthesizer Company and who is currently design consultant for Novation Digital Music Systems, all manufacturers of audio synthesizers.

negative: Common Music Notation Common Music Notation (CMN) is open-source musical notation software.  It is written in Common Lisp and runs on a variety of operating systems and Common Lisp implementations.CMN provides a package of functions to hierarchically describe a musical score.  When evaluated, the musical score is rendered to an image.  An example score expression and the image resulting from its evaluation is shown.The output file format of CMN is Encapsulated PostScript.

negative: Computational musicology Computational musicology is defined as the study of music with computational modelling and simulation. It saw its beginning in the 1950s and originally did not use computers, but more of statistical and mathematical methods. Nowadays computational musicology depends mostly on complex algorithms to either go through vast amounts of information or produce music using given parameters.

negative: Content format A content format is an encoded format for converting a specific type of data to displayable information. Content formats are used in recording and transmission to prepare data for observation or interpretation. This includes both analog and digitized content. Content formats may be recorded and read by either natural or manufactured tools and mechanisms.In addition to converting data to information, a content format may include the encryption and/or scrambling of that information.

negative: Cowbell Digital Music Cowbell Digital Music (also referred to as Cowbell or Cowbell Music) is an independent record label based in Queensland, Australia.

negative: D-Block & S-te-Fan D-Block & S-te-Fan (Diederik Bakker and Stefan den Daas) are two hardstyle and electro house DJs/producers from The Netherlands. Having met each other in 2004, Bakker and den Daas had their first release as D-Block & S-te-Fan in 2005. D-Block & S-te-Fan had a string of releases on various labels before signing for Scantraxx and launching their own sub label, Scantraxx Evolutionz, on which they continue to release as of 2014.

negative: Date format by country This page gives an overview of date formats by country, for the Gregorian calendar (see other calendars in use).  (For time as well, see Date and time representation by country.)

negative: Digital audio Digital audio is technology that can be used to record, store, generate, manipulate, and reproduce sound using audio signals encoded in digital form.

negative: Digital data Digital data, in information theory and information systems, are discrete, discontinuous representations of information or works, as contrasted with continuous, or analog signals which behave in a continuous manner, or represent information using a continuous function.Although digital representations are the subject matter of discrete mathematics, the information represented can be either discrete, such as numbers and letters, or it can be continuous, such as sounds, images, and other measurements.The word digital comes from the same source as the words digit and digitus (the Latin word for finger), as fingers are often used for discrete counting.

negative: Digital sheet music Digital sheet music : Technological innovations as driver for sheet music digitization.In the late 20th and into the 21st century, significant interest has developed in representing sheet music in a computer-readable format as well as in downloadable files. With the emergence of several technological innovations, sheet music evolved in several stages into what was to be termed digital sheet music.

negative: File format A file format is a standard way that information is encoded for storage in a computer file. It specifies how bits are used to encode information in a digital storage medium. File formats may be either proprietary or free and may be either unpublished or open.Some file formats are designed for very particular types of data: PNG files, for example, store bitmapped images using lossless data compression.

negative: Finale (software) Finale is the flagship program of a series of proprietary  scorewriters created by MakeMusic for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X. Finale is regarded as one of the industry standards for notation software.MakeMusic also offers several less expensive versions of Finale, with subsets of the main program's features. These include SongWriter and PrintMusic, as well as a freeware program, Finale Notepad, which allows only rudimentary editing.

negative: Forsyth–Edwards Notation Forsyth–Edwards Notation (FEN) is a standard notation for describing a particular board position of a chess game. The purpose of FEN is to provide all the necessary information to restart a game from a particular position.FEN is based on a system developed by the Scottish newspaper journalist, David Forsyth.  Forsyth's system became popular in the 19th century; Steven J. Edwards extended it to support use by computers.

negative: GarageBand GarageBand is a software application for OS X and iOS that allows users to create music or podcasts. It is developed and sold by Apple Inc. on OS X (formerly part of the iLife software suite). GarageBand's music and podcast creation system enables users to create multiple tracks with pre-made MIDI keyboards, pre-made loops, voice recordings, and an array of various instrumental effects.GarageBand can support any sound format except those that are at 8-bits or lower.

negative: Gemini (rapper) Gemini, also known as "Big Geminii", is a rapper and recording artist, born in Dallas, Texas. After the song "Hypnotized" was released, he began to earn international fame. A remix of the song was released in 2008 featuring Flo Rida and Lil' Rob. In past times, Gemini has worked with artists such as NB Ridaz, MC Magic, Russel Lee, Frankie J, and Jady. He also made an album in a Supergroup with Playa Rae & Fade Dogg called Texikali.

negative: Hexadecimal In mathematics and computing, hexadecimal (also base 16, or hex) is a positional numeral system with a radix, or base, of 16. It uses sixteen distinct symbols, most often the symbols 0–9 to represent values zero to nine, and A, B, C, D, E, F (or alternatively a, b, c, d, e, f) to represent values ten to fifteen.  Hexadecimal numerals are widely used by computer systems designers and programmers.

negative: Impro-Visor Impro-Visor is an educational tool for creating and playing a lead sheet, with a particular orientation toward representing jazz solos.

negative: International Computer Music Conference The International Computer Music Conference (ICMC) is a yearly international conference for computer music researchers and composers.  It is the annual conference of the International Computer Music Association (ICMA).

negative: Ivy Queen discography The discography of Ivy Queen consists of nine studio albums, three compilation albums, six EPs, one live album, fifty singles, and thirty-one music videos.  Originally a part of a reggaeton group that would perform songs produced by DJ Negro at a local restaurant in San Juan, Puerto Rico called "The Noise", Ivy Queen would write and record her first song "Somos Raperos Pero No Delincuentes"  alongside DJ Negro.

negative: JSON JSON, (canonically pronounced /ˈdʒeɪsən/ JAY-sən; sometimes JavaScript Object Notation), is an open standard format that uses human-readable text to transmit data objects consisting of attribute–value pairs. It is the primary data format used for asynchronous  browser/server communication (AJAJ), largely replacing XML (used by AJAX).Although originally derived from the JavaScript scripting language, JSON is a  language-independent data format.

negative: Joe Satriani discography This is the discography for Joe Satriani, an Italian American multi-instrumentalist, known primarily for his work as an instrumental rock guitarist, with multiple Grammy Award nominations.

negative: Katy Garbi discography This page includes the discography of Greek singer Katy Garbi. Starting in 1989 with her first album, Garbi has released 19 albums in total along with several compilations and CD singles. Garbi has sold over 1.000.000 copies and she is among the most succeeded singerw in Greece since 1960. In 1990s decade Garbi was the first in the list of the sales of female singers in Greece. Her albums Arhizo Polemo and Evaisthisies have sold only in Greece 200.000 and 160.000 copies respectively.

negative: Liber Usualis The Liber Usualis is a book of commonly used Gregorian chants in the Catholic tradition, compiled by the monks of the Abbey of Solesmes in France.This 1,900-page book contains most versions of the ordinary chants for the Mass (Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei), as well as the common chants for the Divine Office (daily prayers of the Church) and for every commonly celebrated feast of the Church Year (including more than two hundred pages for Holy Week alone).

negative: LilyPond LilyPond is a computer program and file format for music engraving. One of LilyPond's major goals is to produce scores that are engraved with traditional layout rules, reflecting the era when scores were engraved by hand.LilyPond is cross-platform, and is available for several common operating systems; released under the terms of the GNU General Public License, LilyPond is free software.

negative: Line notation Line notation is a typographical notation system using ASCII characters, most often used for chemical nomenclature.Line notation is a word and symbol description of an electrochemical cell widely used in chemistry.

negative: List of Online Digital Musical Document Libraries This is a list of online digital musical document libraries. Each source listed below offers access to collections of digitized music documents (typically originating from printed or manuscript musical sources), and containing music notation of some kind, stored as an image file.

negative: List of UPnP AV media servers and clients This is a list of UPnP AV media servers and client application or hard appliances.

negative: List of file formats This is a list of file formats used by computers, organized by type. Filename extensions are usually noted in parentheses if they differ from the format name or abbreviation. Many operating systems do not limit filenames to a single extension shorter than 4 characters, as was common with some operating systems that supported the FAT file system.  Examples of operating systems that do not impose this limit include Unix-like systems.

negative: List of music software This is a list of notable software for creating, performing, learning, analyzing, researching, broadcasting and editing music. This article only includes software, not services. For streaming services such as iHeartRadio, Pandora, Prime Music, and Spotify, see Comparison of on-demand streaming music services. For storage, uploading, downloading and streaming of music via the cloud, see Comparison of online music lockers.

negative: List of musical symbols Musical symbols are the marks and symbols, used since about the 13th century in the musical notation of musical scores, styles, and instruments, in order to describe pitch, rhythm, tempo – and, to some degree, its articulation (e.g., a composition in its fundamentals).

negative: MIDI 1.0 Note: Some of the information in this section diverges from the official MIDI  Manufacturers Association/AMEI MIDI specifications in terminology and in technical detail. Developers interested in maximizing interoperability are encouraged to work directly from the official MMA/AMEI specifications.There are two sides to MIDI 1.0: the hardware transport specification describing the electrical and mechanical connection, and the message format specification.

negative: Mark of the Unicorn Mark of the Unicorn (MOTU) is a music-related computer software and hardware supplier. It is based in Cambridge, Massachusetts and has created music software since 1984.Products by MOTU include:Digital PerformerAudioDeskBPMMachFiveMX4UnisynPast notable products: MINCE and SCRIBBLE, an Emacs-like editor and Scribe-like text formatter for CP/M machines FinalWord word processor (sold and became Sprint).

negative: Matt Hires Matt Hires (born August 5, 1985) is an American singer-songwriter from Tampa, Florida. Drawing inspiration from influences as disparate as The Band, Sufjan Stevens, Wilco and Ryan Adams, Matt became the first artist to sign with F-Stop Music, an imprint of Atlantic Records.

negative: MusicXML MusicXML is an XML-based file format for representing Western musical notation. The format is proprietary, but fully and openly documented, and can be freely used under a Public License.

negative: Music Encoding Initiative The Music Encoding Initiative (MEI) is an open-source effort to create a system for representation musical documents in a machine-readable structure. MEI closely mirrors work done by text scholars in the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) and while the two encoding initiatives are not formally related, they share many common characteristics and development practices. MEI, like TEI, describes the governing organization and the markup language.

negative: Music download A music download is the digital transfer of music via the Internet into a device capable of decoding and playing it, such as a home computer, MP3 player or Smart Phone. This term encompasses both legal downloads and downloads of copyright material without permission or legal payment. According to a Nielsen report, downloadable music accounted for 55.9% of all music sales in the US in 2012.

negative: Music informatics Music Informatics (MI) is an emerging interdisciplinary research area dealing with the production, distribution, consumption, and analysis of music through technology (especially in digital formats).MI research topics include music technologies such as iPods, peer-to-peer application, digital audio editors, online music search engines and Music Information Retrieval (MIR); cognitive, social, and economic issues in music; as well as improvisation and music performance.

negative: Music tracker Music trackers (usually referred to simply as trackers) are a type of music sequencer software used to create music. They represent music tracks as an arrangement of discrete musical notes positioned in one of several channels, at discrete chronological positions on a timeline.

negative: Music workstation A music workstation is an electronic musical instrument providing the facilities of:a sound module,a music sequencer and(usually) a musical keyboard.It enables a musician to compose electronic music using just one piece of equipment.

negative: New media art preservation New media art preservation, a form of Art conservation, is the study and practice of techniques for sustaining artworks created using digital, biological, performative, and other variable media.Artists' increased use of multi-media, digital, and internet media since the 1960s has called into question the conventional strategies by which society preserves, cares for, and redisplays cultural artifacts created with or on ephemera media formats.

negative: Offset binary Offset binary, also referred to as excess-K, is a digital coding scheme where all-zero corresponds to the minimal negative value and all-one to the maximal positive value. There is no standard for offset binary, but most often the offset K for an n-bit binary word is K=2^(n-1).

negative: Open Music Model The Open Music Model is an economic and technological framework for the recording industry based on research conducted at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It predicts that the playback of prerecorded music will be regarded as a service rather than as individually sold products, and that the only system for the digital distribution of music that will be viable against piracy is a subscription-based system supporting file sharing and free of digital rights management.

negative: Portable Game Notation Portable Game Notation (PGN) is a plain text computer-processible format for recording chess games (both the moves and related data), supported by many chess programs.

negative: PostScript PostScript (PS) is a computer language for creating vector graphics.  It is a dynamically typed, concatenative programming language and was created by John Warnock, Charles Geschke, Doug Brotz, Ed Taft and Bill Paxton in 1982. It is used as a page description language in the electronic and desktop publishing areas.

negative: Ripe Digital Entertainment Ripe Digital Entertainment (RDE) was an on-demand digital entertainment company with video on demand components on several platforms.  RDE was founded by CEO Ryan Magnussen.

negative: Scorecloud ScoreCloud is a software service concerning music notation created by DoReMIR for Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows, iPhone and iPad. It is furthermore a web application for sheet music storing and sharing. The core functionality of the service is the automatic creation of music notation directly from music performance or recordings. E.g.

negative: Scorewriter A scorewriter, or notation software or music notation processor, is software used for creating sheet music. A scorewriter is to music notation what a word processor is to text, in that they both allow fast corrections (undo), flexible editing, easy sharing (via the internet or compact storage media), and clean, uniform layout.

negative: Sheet music Sheet music is a handwritten or printed form of music notation that uses modern musical symbols. Like its analogs – books, pamphlets, etc. – the medium of sheet music typically is paper (or, in earlier times, parchment), although the access to musical notation in recent years also includes presentation on computer screens.

negative: Sibelius (software) Sibelius is a scorewriter program, created by Sibelius Software (now part of Avid Technology) for Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and historically RISC OS. It is used by composers, arrangers, performers, music publishers, teachers and students, particularly for writing classical, jazz, band, vocal, film and television music.

negative: Simplified music notation Simplified music notation  is an alternative form of music notation designed to make sight-reading easier. It was proposed by Peter Hayes George (1927-2012).  It is based on classical staff notation, but sharps and flats are incorporated into the shape of the note heads.  Notes such as double sharps and double flats are written at the pitch at which they are actually played, but preceded by symbols called "history signs" to show that they have been transposed.

negative:
Surround sound Surround sound is a technique for enriching the sound reproduction quality of an audio source with additional audio channels from speakers that surround the listener (surround channels), providing sound from a 360° radius in the horizontal plane (2D) as opposed to "screen channels" (centre, [front] left, and [front] right) originating only from the listener's forward arc.Surround sound is characterized by a listener location or sweet spot where the audio effects work best, and presents a fixed or forward perspective of the sound field to the listener at this location. @en <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surround_sound?oldid=676013673> .
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Washing> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> Washing is a method of cleaning, usually with water and often some kind of soap or detergent.  Washing both body and clothing is an essential part of good hygiene and health.Often people use soaps and detergents to assist in the emulsification of oils and dirt particles so they can be washed away. The soap can be applied directly, or with the aid of a washcloth.People wash themselves, or bathe periodically.

negative: Tongan music notation The Tuʻungafasi or Tongan music notation is a subset of the standard music notation, originally developed by the missionary James Egan Moulton in the 19th century for singing church hymns in Tonga.

negative: Transcription (music) This article is about music. For other uses, see Transcription (disambiguation)In music, transcription can mean notating a piece or a sound which was previously unnotated, as, for example, an improvised jazz solo. When a musician is tasked with creating sheet music from a recording and they write down the notes that make up the song in music notation, it is said that they created a musical transcription of that recording.

negative: Vanity Kills (Codeine Velvet Club song) Vanity Kills is the debut single by Scottish rock band Codeine Velvet Club taken from their debut album Codeine Velvet Club. The song was released digitally on November 2, 2009 and on "\ Vinyl on November 23, 2009. It was re-released on April 5, 2010 with a brand new track "Midnight Love Song".