query: Valley fever fungal infection San Joaquin

positive: Coccidioides Coccidioides is a genus of dimorphic ascomycetes in the family Onygenaceae. Member species are the cause of coccidioidomycosis, also known as San Joaquin Valley fever, an infectious fungal disease largely confined to the Western Hemisphere and endemic in the Southwestern United States. The host acquires the disease by respiratory inhalation of spores disseminated in their natural habitat. The causative agents of coccidioidomycosis are Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii. Both C.

positive: List of infectious diseases Infectious diseases arranged by name.There are 216 entries in this list, though some entries such as 'Common cold' include a number of distinct pathogens.

positive: San Joaquin Valley The San Joaquin Valley /ˌsæn hwɑːˈkiːn/ is the area of the Central Valley of the U.S. state of California that lies south of the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta and is drained by the San Joaquin River.

negative: Altamont Corridor Express The Altamont Corridor Express (reporting mark HTSX; formerly the Altamont Commuter Express) also known as  ACE, pronounced "ace") is a commuter rail service in California connecting Stockton and San Jose.It is named for the Altamont Pass, through which it runs.  The service began October 19, 1998, with two trains each way, weekdays only. In November 2009 three trains a day each way began, and four trains a day in September 2012.

negative: Alternaria Alternaria is a genus of ascomycete fungi. Alternaria species are known as major plant pathogens. They are also common allergens in humans, growing indoors and causing hay fever or hypersensitivity reactions that sometimes lead to asthma. They readily cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised people such as AIDS patients.There are 299 species in the genus; they are ubiquitous in the environment and are a natural part of fungal flora almost everywhere.

negative: Amphotericin B Amphotericin B (Fungilin, Fungizone, Abelcet, AmBisome, Fungisome, Amphocil, Amphotec) is an antifungal drug often used intravenously for systemic fungal infections. It is the only effective treatment for some fungal infections.Common side effects may include: a reaction which may include fever, headaches and low blood pressure among other symptoms rapidly after it is given, and kidney problems.

negative: Arbovirus Arbovirus is a term used to refer to a group of viruses that are transmitted by arthropod vectors. The word arbovirus is an acronym (ARthropod-BOrne virus). Symptoms of arbovirus infection generally occur 3–15 days after exposure to the virus and last 3 or 4 days. The most common clinical features of infection are fever, headache, and malaise, but encephalitis and hemorrhagic fever may also occur.

negative: Arthroconidium Arthroconidia are a type of fungal spore typically produced by segmentation of pre-existing fungal hyphae.These spores are asexual and are generally not as durable and environmentally persistent as, for instance, bacterial endospores or chlamydospores.  Some medically significant pathogens, such as Coccidioides immitis, and Coccidioides posadasii, both causative agents of coccidioidomycosis (also known as San Joaquin Valley fever), are transmitted through airborne arthroconidia.

negative: Aspergillosis Aspergillosis is the name given to a wide variety of diseases caused by infection by fungi of the genus Aspergillus. The majority of cases occur in people with underlying illnesses such as tuberculosis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but with otherwise healthy immune systems. Most commonly, aspergillosis occurs in the form of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA), aspergilloma or allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).

negative: Blastomycosis The term "South American blastomycosis" is sometimes used to describe an infection with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, though the term Paracoccidioidomycosis is more frequently used to describe this condition.Blastomycosis (also known as "North American blastomycosis", "Blastomycetic dermatitis", and "Gilchrist's disease") is a fungal infection of humans and other animals, notably dogs and occasionally cats, caused by the organism Blastomyces dermatitidis.

negative: Buena Vista Slough Buena Vista Slough was the joint outlet of an overflowing Buena Vista Lake and a distributary of the Kern River into Tulare Lake. It is now diverted into a system of canals by the Outlet Canal of the Central Valley Project.

negative: Candidiasis Candidiasis is a fungal infection due to any type of Candida (a type of yeast). When it affects the mouth, it is commonly called thrush. Signs and symptoms include white patches on the tongue or other areas of the mouth and throat. Other symptoms may include soreness and problems swallowing. When it affects the vagina, it is commonly called a yeast infection. Signs and symptoms include genital itching, burning, and sometimes a white "cottage cheese-like" discharge from the vagina.

negative: Central Valley (California) California's Central Valley is a large, flat valley that dominates the geographical center of the U.S. state of California. It is 40 to 60 miles (60 to 100 km) wide and stretches approximately 450 miles (720 km) from north-northwest to south-southeast, inland from and parallel to the Pacific Ocean coast.

negative: Central Valley Project The Central Valley Project (CVP) is a federal water management project in the U.S. state of California under the supervision of the United States Bureau of Reclamation.

negative: Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis Aspergillosis is an infection caused by the fungus Aspergillus. Aspergillosis describes a large number of diseases involving both infection and growth of fungus as well as allergic responses. Aspergillosis can occur in a variety of organs, both in humans and animals.The most common sites of infection are the respiratory apparatus (lungs, sinuses) and these infections can be:Invasive (e.g.  - IPA)Non-invasive (e.g. Allergic Pulmonary Aspergillosis - ABPA)Chronic pulmonary and aspergilloma (e.g.

negative: Coalinga Tigers The Coalinga Tigers (a.k.a. Savages) were a minor league baseball team in the Class D San Joaquin Valley League in 1910 and 1911.

negative: Coccidioides posadasii Coccidioides posadasii is a pathogenic fungus that, along with Coccidioides immitis, is the causative agent of coccidioidomycosis, or valley fever in humans. It resides in the soil in certain parts of the Southwestern United States, northern Mexico, and some other areas in the Americas, but its evolution was connected to its animal hosts.C. posadasii and C. immitis are morphologically identical, but genetically and epidemiologically distinct. C.

negative: Coccidioidomycosis Coccidioidomycosis (/kɒkˌsɪdiɔɪdoʊmaɪˈkoʊsɪs/, kok-sid-ee-oy-doh-my-KOH-sis), commonly known as cocci, "valley fever", as well as "California fever", "desert rheumatism", and "San Joaquin Valley fever", is a mammalian fungal disease caused by Coccidioides immitis or Coccidioides posadasii. It is endemic in certain parts of Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Utah, and northern Mexico.C.

negative: Connecting Slough Connecting Slough, the former slough between Kern Lake and Buena Vista Lake in the southeastern San Joaquin Valley, in Kern County, California.It was part of the Tulare Lake Basin and Kern River system, before agricultural diversions by the Central Valley Project. It was a tributary of the San Joaquin River until the latter 19th century.

negative: Dengue fever Dengue fever, also known as breakbone fever, is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash that is similar to measles.

negative: Dermatophyte Dermatophytes (derived from Greek "δέρματος" (dermatos), from "δέρμα", which means "skin" and -"phyte", from "phutón", meaning "plant" ) are a common label for a group of three types of fungus that commonly causes skin disease in animals and humans. These anamorphic (asexual or imperfect fungi) genera are: Microsporum, Epidermophyton and Trichophyton. There are about 40 species in these three genera.

negative: Dermatophytosis Dermatophytosis is a clinical condition caused by fungal infection of the skin in humans, pets such as cats, and domesticated animals such as sheep and cattle. The term "ringworm", commonly used to refer to such infections, is a misnomer, since the condition is caused by fungi of several different species and not by parasitic worms. The fungi that cause parasitic infection (dermatophytes) feed on keratin, the material found in the outer layer of skin, hair, and nails.

negative: Dogtown, San Joaquin County, California Dogtown is a census-designated place in San Joaquin County, California. Dogtown sits at an elevation of 115 feet (35 m). The 2010 United States census reported Dogtown's population was 2,506.

negative: Episcopal Diocese of San Joaquin The Episcopal Diocese of San Joaquin (EDSJ) is a diocese of the Episcopal Church (TEC), located in central California with its headquarters in Modesto.  It can trace its roots back to the earliest days of American settlement in California.

negative: Eschar An eschar (/ˈɛskɑr/; Greek: eschara) is a slough or piece of dead tissue that is cast off from the surface of the skin, particularly after a burn injury, but also seen in gangrene, ulcer, fungal infections, necrotizing spider bite wounds, and exposure to cutaneous anthrax.

negative: Extriplex joaquinana Extriplex joaquinana is a species known by the common name San Joaquin saltbush. It was formerly included in genus Atriplex.

negative: Fever Fever, also known as pyrexia and febrile response, is defined as having a temperature above the normal range due to an increase in the body's temperature set-point. There is not a single agreed upon upper limit for normal temperature with sources using values between 37.5 and 38.3 °C (99.5 and 100.9 °F). The increase in set-point triggers increased muscle contraction and causes a feeling of cold. This results in greater heat production and efforts to conserve heat.

negative: Fluconazole Fluconazole is an antifungal medication that is administered orally or intravenously.  It is used to treat a variety of fungal infections, especially Candida infections of the vagina "\yeast infections'), mouth, throat, and bloodstream.  It is also used to prevent infections in people with weak immune systems, including those with neutropenia due to cancer chemotherapy, transplant patients, and premature babies.

negative: Fungal meningitis Fungal meningitis refers to meningitis caused by a fungal infection.One form of fungal meningitis is cryptococcal meningitis.   Patients treated for cancer or chronic illnesses where treatments and/or the disease itself compromise the patient's immune system are particularly vulnerable.  Most common in AIDS patients, cryptococcal fungal meningitis cases have increased globally during the past decade.

negative: Fungal pneumonia Fungal pneumonia is an infection of the lungs by fungi. It can be caused by either endemic or opportunistic fungi or a combination of both. Case mortality in fungal pneumonias can be as high as 90% in immunocompromised patients, though immunocompetent patients generally respond well to anti-fungal therapy.

negative: Fungus A fungus (/ˈfʌŋɡəs/; plural: fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes unicellular microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as multicellular fungi that produce familiar fruiting forms known as mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, Fungi, which is separate from the other life kingdoms of plants, animals, protists, and bacteria.

negative: Fusarium Fusarium is a large genus of filamentous fungi, part of a group often referred to as hyphomycetes, widely distributed in soil and associated with plants. Most species are harmless saprobes, and are relatively abundant members of the soil microbial community. Some species produce mycotoxins in cereal crops that can affect human and animal health if they enter the food chain.

negative: Great Bakersfield Dust Storm of 1977 The Great Bakersfield Dust Storm of 1977 (also known as the Southern San Joaquin Valley Dust Storm) was a severe dust storm in the Southern San Joaquin Valley, California. It started in the late evening on December 19, 1977 and ended in the afternoon of December 21. It resulted in 3 deaths and $40 million in damages (does not include subsequent agricultural losses).

negative: Histoplasmosis Histoplasmosis   (also known as "cave disease," "Darling's disease," "Ohio valley disease," "reticuloendotheliosis," "spelunker’s lung" and "caver's disease") is a disease caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum'. Symptoms of this infection vary greatly, but the disease affects primarily the lungs.

negative: Horizontal disease transmission Horizontal disease transmission is the transmission of an infectious agent, such as bacterial, fungal, or viral infection, between members of the same species that are not in a parent-child relationship.Horizontal transmission tends to evolve virulence.  It is therefore a critical concept for evolutionary medicine.In addition to sexually transmitted infections, horizontal transmission modes include, but are not limited to, anterior station and posterior station.

negative: Hospital Creek Hospital Creek, originally Arroyo de Ospital, or Arroyo del Osnital   is a tributary of the San Joaquin River draining eastern slopes of a part of the Diablo Range within San Joaquin County.  The creek is approximately 18 miles (29 km) long,

negative: ICD-10 Chapter I: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) is a coding of diseases and signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or diseases, as classified by the World Health Organization (WHO). This page contains ICD-10 Chapter I: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases.

negative: Ingram Creek Ingram Creek, originally Arroyo de la Suerte, is a 14-mile-long (23 km) tributary of the San Joaquin River in Stanislaus County, in the San Joaquin Valley of California.Its headwaters are in the Diablo Range.  It is a western tributary of the San Joaquin River.

negative: Kern River Slough Kern River Slough was the distributary of the Kern River running south from the vicinity of Bakersfield to Kern Lake near Arvin, in Kern County, California.  This former body of water of the Tulare Lake Basin in the San Joaquin Valley, is now dry from agricultural diversion of its waters.

negative: List of MeSH codes (C01) For other categories, see List of MeSH codes.The following is a list of the "C" codes for MeSH. It is a product of the United States National Library of Medicine.Source for content is here. (File "2006 MeSH Trees".)

negative: Meningitis Meningitis (from Greek μῆνιγξ méninx, "membrane" and the medical suffix -itis, "inflammation") is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. The inflammation may be caused by infection with viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms, and less commonly by certain drugs.

negative: Miconazole Miconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent, developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica, commonly applied topically to the skin or to mucous membranes to cure fungal infections.  It works by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.  It can also be used against certain species of Leishmania protozoa which are a type of unicellular parasites that also contain ergosterol in their cell membranes.

negative: Monsters Inside Me Monsters Inside Me is a television documentary series about parasites that live on or, in many cases, inside the human body. It is filmed in the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and the Royal Liverpool University Hospital.

negative: Mucormycosis Mucormycosis is any fungal infection caused by fungi in the order Mucorales. Generally, species in the Mucor, Rhizopus, Absidia, and Cunninghamella genera are most often implicated.  This disease is often characterized by hyphae growing in and around blood "essels.\Mucormycosis" and "zygomycosis" are sometimes used interchangeably.

negative: Mycosis Mycosis (plural: mycoses) is a fungal infection of animals, including humans. Mycoses are common and a variety of environmental and physiological conditions can contribute to the development of fungal diseases. Inhalation of fungal spores or localized colonization of the skin may initiate persistent infections; therefore, mycoses often start in the lungs or on the skin.Fungal infections of the skin was the 4th most common disease in 2010 affecting 984 million people.

negative: Paracoccidioidomycosis Paracoccidioidomycosis (also known as "Brazilian blastomycosis," "South American blastomycosis,","Lutz-Splendore-de Almeida disease" and "paracoccidioidal granuloma") is a fungal infection caused by the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Sometimes called South American blastomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis is caused by a different fungus than that which causes blastomycosis.

negative: Pathogenic bacteria Pathogenic bacteria are bacteria that can cause infection. This article deals with human pathogenic bacteria.Although most bacteria are harmless or often beneficial, several are pathogenic. One of the bacterial diseases with the highest disease burden is tuberculosis, caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which kills about 2 million people a year, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa.

negative: Penicilliosis Penicilliosis (or penicillosis) is an infection caused by Penicillium marneffei.It is a dimorphic fungus.

negative: Pharyngitis Pharyngitis /færɨnˈdʒaɪtɨs/ is the inflammation of the pharynx, a region in the back of the throat. In most cases it is quite painful, and it is the most common cause of a sore throat.Like many types of inflammation, pharyngitis can be chronic or acute (quickly developing and temporary). Pharyngitis can result in very large tonsils, which cause trouble swallowing and breathing.

negative: Pneumocystis pneumonia Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a form of pneumonia, caused by the yeast-like fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii.Pneumocystis pneumonia is not commonly found in the lungs of healthy people, but, being a source of opportunistic infection, it can cause a lung infection in people with a weak immune system. Pneumocystis pneumonia is especially seen in people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, HIV/AIDS, and the use of medications that suppress the immune system.

negative: Puerperal infections Puerperal infections, also known as postpartum infections, puerperal fever or childbed fever, is any bacterial infection of the female reproductive tract following childbirth or miscarriage. Signs and symptoms usually include a fever greater than 38.0 °C (100.4 °F), chills, lower abdominal pain, and possibly bad-smelling vaginal discharge.

negative: Rheumatic fever Rheumatic fever, also known as acute rheumatic fever (ARF), is an inflammatory disease that can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain. The disease typically develops two to four weeks after a throat infection. Signs and symptoms include fever, multiple painful joints, involuntary muscle movements, and a characteristic but uncommon non itchy rash known as erythema marginatum. The heart is involved in about half of cases.

negative: Rift Valley fever Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a viral disease that can cause mild to severe symptoms. The mild symptoms may include: fever, muscle pains, and headaches which often last for up to a week. The severe symptoms may include: loss of the ability to see beginning three weeks after the infection, infections of the brain causes severe headaches and confusion, and bleeding together with liver problems which may occur within the first few days.

negative: Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta The Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta, or California Delta, is an expansive inland river delta and estuary in Northern California in the United States. The Delta is formed at the western edge of the Central Valley by the confluence of the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers and lies just east of where the rivers enter Suisun Bay. The Delta is recognized for protection by the California Bays and Estuaries Policy.

negative: San Joaquin (soil) San Joaquin is an officially designated state insignia, the state soil of the U.S. state of California.The California Central Valley has more than 500,000 acres (2,000 km²) of San Joaquin soils, named for the south end of that valley. This series is the oldest continuously recognized soil series within the State.

negative: San Joaquin (train) The San Joaquin (sometimes referred to as San Joaquins) is a passenger train operated by Amtrak, with funding from the California Department of Transportation as part of the Amtrak California network in California's Central Valley. Twelve trains a day run between its southern terminus at Bakersfield and Stockton, where the route splits to Oakland (four trains each way per day) or Sacramento (two trains each way per day).

negative: San Joaquin City, California San Joaquin City, a former settlement in San Joaquin County, California during the California Gold Rush.  The site of San Joaquin City, was located on the west bank of the San Joaquin River just below the point where Airport Way (formerly Durham Ferry Road) crosses the river today.  It was an important settlement along the old River Road (now Kasson Road in San Joaquin County) between Banta and Grayson's Ferry (now the community of Grayson in Stanislaus County.

negative: San Joaquin County, California San Joaquin County /ˈsæn wɑːˈkiːn/ is a county in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 685,306. The county seat is Stockton.San Joaquin County comprises the Stockton-Lodi, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area.

negative: San Joaquin Delta College San Joaquin Delta College is a community college in Stockton, California. It is the successor of the Stockton Junior College which was formed in 1935.

negative: San Joaquin Experimental Range The San Joaquin Experimental Range is an ecosystem research experimental area in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada.  The range is located in O'Neals, California, outside of the Sierra National Forest about 32 kilometres (20 mi) north of Fresno, California.The San Joaquin Experimental Range was established after a statement on the need for an experimental area in the San Joaquin Valley foothills was prepared in 1934.

negative: San Joaquin Fault The San Joaquin Fault is a seismically active geological structure in the California Central Valley.  East of the San Joaquin fault there is a flow pattern of alluvium that has been reported to be a mud flow.  This flow pattern was deposited in the early Holocene or the late Pleistocene age.

negative: San Joaquin Formation The San Joaquin Formation is a  Pliocene epoch geologic formation in the lower half of the San Joaquin Valley in central California.

negative: San Joaquin Light and Power Corporation The San Joaquin Light and Power Corporation was a utility company that provided electricity to seven counties in the San Joaquin Valley of California.  The company initially opened as the San Joaquin Electric Company on April 1, 1895 with a powerhouse 37 miles from Fresno.  The company became the San Joaquin Power Company in 1905 and then the San Joaquin Light and Power Corporation in 1910.  By 1920, the company had 11 powerhouses.

negative: San Joaquin River The San Joaquin River /ˈsæn wɑːˈkiːn/ is the largest river of Central California in the United States. The 366-mile (589 km) long river starts in the high Sierra Nevada, and flows through the rich agricultural region of the northern San Joaquin Valley before reaching Suisun Bay, San Francisco Bay, and the Pacific Ocean.

negative: San Joaquin River National Wildlife Refuge The San Joaquin River National Wildlife Refuge is a protected area of  along the San Joaquin River in the northern San Joaquin Valley, California.  It is within San Joaquin County and Stanislaus CountyIt protects more than 7,000 acres (28 km2) of riparian woodlands, wetlands, and grasslands and hosts a diversity of native wildlife.

negative: San Joaquin Valley League The San Joaquin Valley League was a minor league baseball league that operated from 1910 through 1911.  The league operated primarily in the San Joaquin Valley in California.  The league disbanded on July 18, 1911.

negative: San Joaquin Valley Library System The San Joaquin Valley Library System is an organization composed of several other groups of libraries. The San Joaquin Valley Library System (SJVLS) is composed of 114 individual libraries including: the Fresno County Librarythe Kern County Librarythe Kings County Library.the Merced County Library - which joined in 2009The San Joaquin Valley Library System-SJVLS does not provide direct support to the public, a staff member for one of the Counties the SJVLS serves must refer a question.

negative: San Joaquin Valley National Cemetery San Joaquin Valley National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located at 32053 West McCabe Road, Santa Nella, in Merced County, California.  This cemetery has space available to accommodate casketed and cremated remains over 322 acres (130 ha) of land.  The number of interments through fiscal year 2008 is 30,054.

negative: San Joaquin Valley Railroad The San Joaquin Valley Railroad (reporting mark SJVR) is one of several short line railroad companies and is part of the Pacific Region Division of Genesee & Wyoming Inc. It operates about 408 miles (657 km) of track primarily on several lines in California's Central Valley/San Joaquin Valley outside of Fresno, California and Bakersfield, California.  The SJVR has trackage rights over Union Pacific (formerly Southern Pacific) from Fresno - Goshen Jct - Famoso - Bakersfield - Algoso.

negative: San Joaquin antelope squirrel The San Joaquin antelope squirrel or Nelson's antelope squirrel (Ammospermophilus nelsoni), is a species of antelope squirrel, in the San Joaquin Valley of the U.S. state of California.

negative: San Luis National Wildlife Refuge Complex The San Luis National Wildlife Refuge Complex is managed by the U.S Fish & Wildlife Service and is composed of the San Luis National Wildlife Refuge, Merced National Wildlife Refuge, San Joaquin River National Wildlife Refuge and the Grasslands Wildlife Management Area which consists of nearly 45,000 acres (180 km2) of wetlands, grasslands and riparian habitats, as well as over 90,000 acres (360 km2) of conservation easements on private lands for the protection and benefit of wildlife.

negative: Sinusitis Sinusitis, also known as a sinus infection or rhinosinusitis, is inflammation of the sinuses resulting in symptoms. Common signs and symptoms include thick nasal mucous, a plugged nose, and pain in the face. Other signs and symptoms may include fever, headaches, poor sense of smell, sore throat, and cough. The cough is often worse at night. Serious complications are rare.

negative: Stanislaus River The Stanislaus River (Spanish: Río Estanislao) in the U.S. state of California is one of the largest tributaries of the San Joaquin River. The river is 95.9 miles (154.3 km) long and has north, middle and south forks. It drains a long, narrow area of the western Sierra Nevada and the northern part of the San Joaquin Valley.

negative: Stockton, California Stockton is the county seat of San Joaquin County in north−central California. It was founded by Captain Charles Maria Weber in 1849 after he acquired Rancho Campo de los Franceses. The city is located on the San Joaquin River in northern San Joaquin Valley and has an estimated population of 300,899 people as of 2014. It is the 13th largest city in California and the 63rd largest city in the United States.

negative: Throat culture A throat culture is a laboratory diagnostic test that evaluates for the presence of a bacterial or fungal infection in the throat. A sample from the throat is collected by swabbing the throat and placing the sample into a special cup (culture) that allows infections to grow. If an organism grows, the culture is positive and the presence of an infection is confirmed. The type of infection is found using a microscope, chemical tests, or both. If no infection grows, the culture is negative.

negative: Tulare Formation The Tulare Formation is a  Pliocene to Holocene epoch geologic formation in the central and southern San Joaquin Valley of central California.

negative: Turlock Basin The Turlock Basin is a sub-basin of the San Joaquin Valley groundwater basin which occupies approximately 13,700 total square miles, making it the largest groundwater basin in California.  This aquifer is located within the Central Valley.  Groundwater in the San Joaquin Valley occurs mostly in younger alluvial material.  The Turlock Basin lies to the east of the city of Turlock.  Groundwater in the Turlock Basin occurs in older alluvial deposits.

negative: Viral hemorrhagic fever The viral hemorrhagic (or haemorrhagic) fevers (VHFs) are a diverse group of animal and human illnesses in which fever and hemorrhage are caused by a viral infection. VHFs may be caused by five distinct families of RNA viruses: the families Arenaviridae, Filoviridae, Bunyaviridae, Flaviviridae, and Rhabdoviridae. All types of VHF are characterized by fever and bleeding disorders and all can progress to high fever, shock and death in many cases.


query: mario bros

positive: Bowser (character) Bowser (/ˈbaʊzər/; known in Japan as Koopa (クッパ, Kuppa)), is a video game character and the main antagonist of Nintendo's Mario franchise. In Japan, the character bears the title of Daimaō (大魔王, lit. "Great Demon King"). In the United States, the character was first referred to as "Bowser, King of the Koopa" and "The sorcerer king" in the Super Mario Bros. instruction manual.

positive: List of Mario LCD games Nintendo has released several Mario and Donkey Kong LCD video games for the Game & Watch series.

positive: List of Mario franchise characters The Mario franchise is a series of video games developed and published by Nintendo. The franchise features an extensive cast of characters.For the main characters that appear under the franchises of spinoff series Donkey Kong and Wario, please refer to list of Donkey Kong characters and list of Wario characters.All supporting characters and antagonists are listed in alphabetical order.

positive: List of Mario television series Several television series were produced that were based on the Mario series of video games, developed by Nintendo.

positive: List of recurring Mario franchise enemies This is a list of common enemies in the Mario franchise. The enemies on the list are in alphabetical order, and are most commonly found in Super Mario games, in which Bowser commands his minions to block and act as obstacles to Mario, who is normally attempting to rescue Princess Peach.Most of these enemies are identical in look and are classified as species.

positive: List of video games featuring Mario Mario, who serves as Nintendo's mascot, is a fictional character created by game designer Shigeru Miyamoto and voiced by Charles Martinet. This is a list of video games where the character Mario plays a part, either as the protagonist, antagonist, supporting character, as part of an ensemble cast, as a cameo, or in a game within a game.

positive: Luigi Luigi (Japanese: ルイージ, Hepburn: Ruīji, [ɽɯ.iː.dʑi]) (English /luːˈiːdʒi/; Italian: [luˈiːdʒi]) is a fictional character featured in video games and related media released by Nintendo. Created by prominent game designer Shigeru Miyamoto, Luigi is portrayed as the slightly younger but taller fraternal twin brother of Nintendo's mascot Mario, and appears in many games throughout the Mario franchise, often as a sidekick to his brother.Luigi first appeared in the 1983 arcade game Mario Bros.

positive: Mario Mario (Japanese: マリオ, Hepburn: Mario, [ma.ɽi.o]) (English /ˈmɑːrioʊ/; Italian: [ˈmaːrjo]) is a fictional character in the Mario video game franchise, created by Nintendo's Japanese video game designer, Shigeru Miyamoto. Serving as the company's mascot and the eponymous protagonist of the series, Mario has appeared in over 200 video games since his creation.

positive: Mario (franchise) The Mario franchise is a media franchise consisting of video games published and produced by Nintendo starring the fictional character Mario.  The franchise's other forms of media include several television series and a feature film. It was originally created by game designer Shigeru Miyamoto with the arcade Donkey Kong, released on July 9, 1981. The games have been developed by a variety of developers including Nintendo, Hudson Soft, and AlphaDream.

positive: Mario Bros. This article is about the original arcade game. For the Famicom and NES game, see Super Mario Bros. For the Game & Watch game, see Mario Bros. (Game & Watch). For the eponymous characters, see Mario and Luigi.Mario Bros. (マリオブラザーズ, Mario Burazāzu) is a platform game published and developed for arcades by Nintendo in 1983. It was created by Shigeru Miyamoto. It has been featured as a minigame in the Super Mario Advance series and numerous other games. Mario Bros.

positive: Mario Bros. II Mario Bros. II is a 1987 computer game for Commodore 64, inspired by Mario Bros. Game & Watch.  It is unrelated to Nintendo and its Nintendo Entertainment System video game Super Mario Bros. 2 (released as Super Mario USA in Japan) or Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels. It is unofficially presented as an amateur fan art sequel to the arcade hit, Mario Bros.

positive: New Super Mario Bros. New Super Mario Bros. (New スーパーマリオブラザーズ, Nyū Sūpā Mario Burazāzu) is a 2006  side-scrolling platform video game published and developed by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS handheld game console. The game was released in North America and Japan in May 2006 and in Australia and Europe in June 2006.

positive: New Super Mario Bros. 2 New Super Mario Bros. 2 (Japanese: New スーパーマリオブラザーズ 2, Hepburn: Nyū Sūpā Mario Burazāzu Tsū) is a side-scrolling platformer video game in the Super Mario series developed by Nintendo for the Nintendo 3DS handheld console. The game is a direct sequel to New Super Mario Bros., released in 2006 for the Nintendo DS and is the third New Super Mario Bros. side-scroller.

positive: New Super Mario Bros. U New Super Mario Bros. U (ニュー・スーパーマリオブラザーズ・U, Nyū Sūpā Mario Burazāzu Yū) is a side-scrolling platform video game in the Super Mario franchise developed by Nintendo for the Wii U. It is the fourth title in the New Super Mario Bros. series of Mario games. It was released as a launch title in North America on November 18, 2012, in Europe and Australia on November 30, 2012, and in Japan on December 8, 2012.

positive: New Super Mario Bros. Wii New Super Mario Bros. Wii (New スーパーマリオブラザーズ Wii, Nyū Sūpā Mario Burazāzu U~ī) is a 2009 side-scrolling platform video game published and developed by Nintendo for the Wii video game console. The game was released on November 11, 2009, in Australia, November 15, 2009, in North America, November 20, 2009, in Europe and December 3, 2009, in Japan. It is the  first game in the Mario main series since Mario Bros.

positive: SMB2 SMB2 can refer to: The US and European game Super Mario Bros. 2, later released in Japan as Super Mario USA Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels, known in Japan as Super Mario Bros. 2 Super Monkey Ball 2 In computing, the network protocol Server Message Block version 2__DISAMBIG__

positive: Super Mario Super Mario (Japanese: スーパーマリオ, Hepburn: Sūpā Mario) is a series of platform video games created by Nintendo featuring their mascot, Mario. Alternatively called the Super Mario Bros. (スーパーマリオブラザーズ, Sūpā Mario Burazāzu) series or simply the Mario (マリオ) series, it is the central series of the greater Mario franchise.

positive: Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3 Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros 3 (スーパーマリオアドバンス4, Sūpā Mario Adobansu fō, lit. "Super Mario Advance 4") is a platform video game that was developed and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy Advance handheld game console. It was first released in Japan, and then later released in Europe, North America, and Australia. It is an enhanced remake of the Family Computer/NES video game Super Mario Bros.

positive: Super Mario All-Stars Super Mario All-Stars (Japanese: スーパーマリオコレクション, Hepburn: Sūpā Mario Korekushon, "Super Mario Collection") is a collection of Super Mario platforming video games that was developed and published by Nintendo for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 1993. The game contains enhanced remakes of Super Mario Bros., Super Mario Bros. 2, Super Mario Bros. 3, and Super Mario Bros. The Lost Levels, the latter of which was the original Japanese version of Super Mario Bros.

positive: Super Mario Bros.: Peach-Hime Kyushutsu Dai Sakusen! Super Mario Bros.: The Great Mission to Rescue Princess Peach! (Japanese: スーパーマリオブラザーズ ピーチ姫救出大作戦!, Hepburn: Sūpā Mario Burazāzu: Pīchi-hime Kyūshutsu Dai Sakusen!) is a 1986 anime film based on the Super Mario Bros. video game. Directed by Masami Hata and produced by Masakatsu Suzuki and Tsunemasa Hatano, the plot centers on Mario and Luigi, who get stuck in a Family Computer video game and must save Princess Peach from Bowser.

positive: Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels is a 1986 side-scrolling, platformer action game developed and published by Nintendo as the sequel to the 1985 Super Mario Bros. The games are similar in style and gameplay apart from a large increase in difficulty. Like the original, Mario or Luigi venture to rescue the Princess from Bowser. Unlike the original, the game has no two-player option and Luigi is differentiated from his twin plumber brother by having less ground friction and higher jump height.

positive: Super Mario Bros. Super Mario Bros. (Japanese: スーパーマリオブラザーズ, Hepburn: Sūpā Mario Burazāzu) is a 1985 platform video game internally developed by Nintendo R&D4 and published by Nintendo as a pseudo-sequel to the 1983 game Mario Bros. It was originally released in Japan for the Family Computer on September 13, 1985, and later that year for the Nintendo Entertainment System in North America and Europe on May 15, 1987, and Australia later in 1987. It is the first of the Super Mario series of games.

positive: Super Mario Bros. (film) Super Mario Bros. is a 1993 American science fiction fantasy adventure action comedy film directed by Rocky Morton and Annabel Jankel. A loose live-action adaptation of the 1985 Nintendo video game of the same name, the film stars Bob Hoskins as Mario, John Leguizamo as Luigi, Dennis Hopper as King Koopa, and Samantha Mathis as Princess Daisy.

positive: Super Mario Bros. 2 Super Mario Bros. 2, released in Japan as Super Mario USA (Japanese: スーパーマリオUSA, Sūpā Mario USA), is a 1988 platform game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System as the North American/European sequel to the 1985 game Super Mario Bros. The game was first released in North America on October 9, 1988. Super Mario Bros. 2 has been remade or re-released for several video game consoles.The game that became Super Mario Bros.

positive: Super Mario Bros. 3 Super Mario Bros. 3 (Japanese: スーパーマリオブラザーズ3, Hepburn: Sūpā Mario Burazāzu Surī) is a 1988 platform video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) video game console. It is the fourth overall installment in the Super Mario Bros. series. It was first released in Japan on October 23, 1988 and later in North America on February 12, 1990. The game was developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis and Development, led by Shigeru Miyamoto and Takashi Tezuka.

positive: Super Mario Bros. Crossover Super Mario Bros. Crossover is a fan-made crossover platform Flash video game launched on Newgrounds on April 27, 2010 by Exploding Rabbit. It is based mostly on the gameplay of Nintendo's Super Mario Bros. for the NES. The only major difference is the ability to control characters that debuted in other Nintendo Entertainment System games unrelated to the Mario series, plus the ability to use "skins" of levels and characters from other games and platforms.

positive: Super Mario Bros. theme The "Super Mario Bros. theme", officially known as the "Ground Theme" (地上BGM, Chijō BGM, lit. "Aboveground BGM"), is a musical theme originally heard in the first stage of the Nintendo Entertainment System video game Super Mario Bros. It was one of six themes composed for Super Mario Bros. by acclaimed Mario and The Legend of Zelda series composer Koji Kondo, who found it to be the game's most difficult track to compose.

positive: Super Mario Galaxy Super Mario Galaxy (Japanese: スーパーマリオギャラクシー, Hepburn: Sūpā Mario Gyarakushī) is a 3D platform game developed by Nintendo EAD Tokyo and published by Nintendo for the Wii. It was released in most regions in November 2007, and is the third 3D original platformer in the Super Mario series after Super Mario 64 and Super Mario Sunshine. The game follows the protagonist, Mario, on a quest to rescue Princess Peach and save the universe from the game's primary antagonist, Bowser.

positive: The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 is an American animated television series based on the video game Super Mario Bros. 3. It aired on NBC with Captain N: The Game Master in a programming block titled Captain N & The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 from September 8, 1990 through December 1, 1990. It is the second of the three TV shows based on the video game, with the others being The Super Mario Bros.

positive: The Super Mario Bros. Super Show! The Super Mario Bros. Super Show! is an American television series based upon Nintendo's Super Mario Bros. and Super Mario Bros. 2 video games. It is the first of three TV shows based on the video game series, with the other being The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 and Super Mario World. It was originally broadcast via first-run syndication from September 4, 1989, to December 1, 1989, with reruns continuing until September 6, 1991.

positive: Toad (Mario) Toad, known in Japan as Kinopio (キノピオ), is a fictional character who primarily appears in Nintendo's Mario franchise. Created by Japanese video game designer Shigeru Miyamoto, he is portrayed as a citizen of the Mushroom Kingdom and is one of Princess Peach's most loyal attendants; constantly working on her behalf.

negative: Charles Martinet Charles Martinet (born September 17, 1955) (English /mɑrtɪˈneɪ/; French: [maʁtinɛ]) is an American actor and voice actor best known for voicing Mario in the Super Mario video game series. He has voiced Mario, the titular character in Nintendo's flagship video game franchise since 1995. He also voices Luigi, Wario, Waluigi, Toadsworth, Baby Mario, Baby Luigi, and others.

negative: Hammer Bro. Hammer Bro., also known as Hammer Brothers or Hammer Bros. (Japanese: ハンマーブロス, Hepburn: Hanmā Burosu) is a recurring enemy in the Mario series of video games. Created by Japanese video game designer Shigeru Miyamoto, it is a subspecies of Koopa Troopa that walks upright and attacks by throwing hammer projectiles at the player character. Different variations of the Hammer Bro., named after the type of projectile they throw, include Boomerang Bro., Fire Bro., Sledge Bro., and Sumo Bro.

negative: Lakitu Lakitu (/ləˈkiːtuː/ or /ˈlækɪtuː/), known in Japan as Jugem (ジュゲム, Jugemu, [dʑu͍.ɡe.mu͍]), is a fictional character in the Mario franchise. Created by Shigeru Miyamoto, it first appeared in the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) video game Super Mario Bros., where it dropped enemies called Spinies on the stage. It has a striped green shell, wears aviator goggles, and rides around in a smiling cloud.

negative: Nintendo Comics System The Nintendo Comics System was a series of comic books published by Valiant Comics in 1990 and 1991. It was part of a licensing deal with Nintendo, featuring characters from their video games and the cartoons based on them.

negative: Nintendo e-Reader The e-Reader (カードeリーダー, Kādo-Ī-Rīdā, Card-e-Reader) is a discontinued device made by Nintendo for its Game Boy Advance portable video game system. It was first released in Japan in December 2001, with a North American release following in September 2002.

negative: Princess Peach Princess Peach (Japanese: ピーチ姫, Hepburn: Pīchi-hime, [piː.tɕi̥ çi̥.me]) is a character in Nintendo's Mario franchise. Originally created by Shigeru Miyamoto, Peach is the princess of the fictional Mushroom Kingdom, which is constantly under attack by Bowser. She often plays the damsel in distress role within the series and is the lead female.

negative: Super Mario Maker Super Mario Maker (スーパーマリオメーカー, Sūpā Mario Mēkā) is a side-scroller platformer and game creation video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Wii U video game console, released worldwide in September 2015. In the game, players create and play their own custom levels based on Super Mario Bros., Super Mario Bros. 3, Super Mario World, and New Super Mario Bros. U and share them online. New editing tools are given to players as they progress through the game.

negative: Lists of Nintendo characters Nintendo has created many video game series and franchises throughout its history. Their first established series was Donkey Kong, established in 1981. They followed with the Mario series, starting with the arcade game Mario Bros. and the Super Mario Bros. games on the Nintendo Entertainment System.

negative: Goomba Goombas /ˈɡuːmbɑː/, known in Japan as Kuribo (クリボー, Kuribō, [ku͍.ɽi.boː]), are a species of sentient mushrooms from Nintendo's Mario franchise. They first appeared in the NES video game Super Mario Bros. as the first enemy players encounter. They have appeared outside of video games, including in film, television, and other media. They are usually brown and are most commonly seen walking around aimlessly, often as an obstacle, in video games.

negative: Mario Clash Mario Clash (マリオクラッシュ, Mario Kurasshu) is a game produced by Nintendo in 1995 for the Virtual Boy. It is the first stereoscopic 3D Mario game, and a 3D reimagining of Mario Bros.. Reception for the game was mixed. Reviewers felt that, while the Virtual Boy hardware itself held the game back, it had its positive traits as well.

negative: Boo (character) Boos, known in Japan as Teresa (テレサ), are  ghosts from the Mario and Yoshi series of video games. They first appeared as a common enemy in 1988's Super Mario Bros. 3, in which they were called Boo Diddleys (a reference to the American blues singer Bo Diddley). Since then, they have been a mainstay in the series, usually appearing as enemies, but occasionally appearing as playable characters in the Mario spin-off games, or even as allies of Mario.

negative: Super Mario Land Super Mario Land is a 1989 side-scrolling platform video game, the fourth in the Super Mario series, developed and published by Nintendo as a launch title for their Game Boy handheld game console. In gameplay similar to that of the 1985 Super Mario Bros., but resized for the smaller device's screen, the player advances Mario to the end of 12 levels by moving to the right and jumping across platforms to avoid enemies and pitfalls.

negative: SMB3 SMB3 can refer to: the video game Super Mario Bros. 3 In computing, the network protocol Server Message Block version 3__DISAMBIG__

negative: BS Super Mario USA Power Challenge BS Super Mario USA Power Challenge (ＢＳスーパーマリオＵＳＡ パワーチャレンジ) is an ura- or gaiden-version of Super Mario Bros. 2 for the Satellaview system featuring graphical enhancements similar to its Super Mario All-Stars version. It was released in March–April 1996 by Nintendo in collaboration with the St.GIGA satellite radio station. Like all Satellaview titles it was released episodically in a number of weekly volumes.

negative: Super Mario World (TV series) Super Mario World is an American animated musical comedy television series loosely based on the Super NES video game of the same name. It is the last of three TV shows based on the video game series, with the other two being The Super Mario Bros Super Show and The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3. Unlike its two predecessors, this series does not feature Toad (though voice actor John Stocker voices a character in this show) and takes place in dinosaur world. It instead features Yoshi.

negative: Mario & Luigi: Dream Team Mario & Luigi: Dream Team, known in Europe and Australia as Mario & Luigi: Dream Team Bros. and in Japan as Mario & Luigi RPG 4: Dream Adventure (マリオ&ルイージRPG4 ドリームアドベンチャー, Mario ando Ruīji Aru Pī Jī Fō: Dorīmu Adobenchā), is a role-playing video game developed by AlphaDream for the Nintendo 3DS. Revealed on February 14, 2013 on Nintendo Direct, it is the fourth entry in the Mario & Luigi series of Mario role-playing games.

negative: Mario vs. Donkey Kong The Mario vs. Donkey Kong (Japanese: マリオVSドンキーコング, Hepburn: Mario tai Donkī Kongu)  (known as Mario and Donkey Kong (マリオ＆ドンキーコング, Mario & Donkī Kongu) in Mario and Donkey Kong: Minis on the Move) is a sub-series of the Mario and the Donkey Kong series, based on puzzle video game making the return of Donkey Kong, Pauline and the former's rivalry with Mario.Mario vs.

negative: Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam, known in Europe and Australia as Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam Bros. and in Japan as Mario & Luigi RPG Paper Mario Mix (マリオ＆ルイージRPG ペーパーマリオMIX), is an upcoming role-playing video game developed by AlphaDream and published by Nintendo. The game is the fifth title in the Mario & Luigi series, crossing over with elements and style of characters from the Paper Mario series. It is scheduled for release on the Nintendo 3DS in Japan in December 2015, and worldwide in Q2 2016.

negative: Tuper Tario Tros. Tuper Tario Tros. is a flash game first released on Newgrounds on December 24, 2009 by the developer SwingSwing. It is a combination of Super Mario Bros. and Tetris, using mechanics from both games. The title of this game is a play on Super Mario Bros., replacing the first letter of each word with the "T" from Tetris. This game features only Super Mario level 1-1.

negative: Mario Hoops 3-on-3 Mario Hoops 3-on-3, known in Europe as Mario Slam Basketball and in Japan as Mario Basketball 3on3 (マリオバスケ 3on3, Mario Basuke 3on3), is a sports game developed by Square Enix and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS in 2006.This game is the first in which Mario and Final Fantasy characters appear together as playable characters, and the second Mario game developed by Square Enix, the first one being Super Mario RPG.

negative: Mario Super Sluggers Mario Super Sluggers, known in Japan as Super Mario Stadium Family Baseball (スーパーマリオスタジアム ファミリーベースボール, Sūpā Mario Sutajiamu Famirī Bēsubōru), is a sports video game for the Wii developed by Namco Bandai Games and NOW Production, and published by Nintendo. It was previously known by the working title Super Mario Stadium Baseball. It is part of the Mario sports series, and the sequel to Mario Superstar Baseball for the Nintendo GameCube.

negative: List of Mario television episodes DIC Entertainment produced three Super Mario cartoon series. The three shows consist of The Super Mario Bros. Super Show! (1989), The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 (1990), and Super Mario World (1991). Altogether, there are 91 animated episodes from the three Mario cartoon series. The series first aired on September 4, 1989, and finished on January 11, 1992.The lists on this page are ordered by airdate.

negative: Mario Brown Mario Brown (abt 1951 - Oct 5, 2002), known as "Bro' Rap", was the first African-American men's basketball player at Texas A&M University.

negative: Bowser Jr. Bowser Jr. (known as Koopa Jr. (Japanese: クッパＪｒ., Hepburn: Kuppa Junia) in Japan), or sometimes simply Jr., is a video game character who appears in Nintendo's Mario franchise as a recurring major antagonist. As his name implies, he is the son of the series' main antagonist, Bowser. Since his debut in Super Mario Sunshine, Bowser Jr.

negative: Syobon Action Syobon Action (しょぼんのアクション, Shobon no Akushon, commonly known as Cat Mario) is a 2D Japanese platform freeware indie video game released in February 2007 that is known for its levels designed to cause extreme frustration due to innocuous-looking objects that suddenly kill the character. The game contains elements that resemble and parody Super Mario Bros. for the Nintendo Entertainment System.

negative: Kaizo Mario World Kaizo Mario World (改造マリオワールド, Kaizō Mario Wārudo, lit. Remodeling Mario World), also known as Asshole Mario, is a series of three ROM hacks of the 1990 Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES) video game Super Mario World, created by T. Takemoto. Kaizo Mario World completely reworks the Super Mario World level designs to make them extremely difficult.

negative: Koopa Troopa Koopa Troopas, or just simply Koopas, known in Japan as Nokonoko (ノコノコ), are a fictional race of turtle or tortoise-like creatures from the Mario series, as well as its sister Yoshi series. Although the term 'Koopa' is a blanket term for the entire species of anthropomorphic turtles in the series, to which creatures such as Lakitu, Hammer Bros. and even Bowser belong, the term is often used to refer colloquially to this particular enemy.

negative: Mario Paint Mario Paint (Japanese: マリオペイント, Hepburn: Mario Peinto) is a video game released in 1992 by Nintendo for use with the Super Famicom/SNES. It is packaged with the Super Famicom/SNES Mouse peripheral device and mouse pad.

negative: Sei Young Animation Co., Ltd. Sei Young Animation (Hangul: 세영동화(주); hanja: 世映動畵(株)) was an animation studio based in South Korea, known best for working overseas for North America animated TV shows, such as The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!, The Legend of Zelda, and The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3. And for Japan, Final Yamato and Video Senshi Laserion.

negative: List of developers that have created levels in Super Mario Maker Super Mario Maker is a platform game creation video game, developed and published by Nintendo. Released on September 11, 2015, it allows a player to build levels in the style of games in the Super Mario Bros. series. This is a list of notable developers and designers of video games that have created levels within Super Mario Maker and includes details on said levels.

negative: Mario vs. Donkey Kong (video game) Mario vs. Donkey Kong (マリオVSドンキーコング, Mario tai Donkī Kongu) is a 2004 puzzle-platform game developed by Nintendo Software Technology and released for the Game Boy Advance. The game is the spiritual successor to Donkey Kong, which was released in 1994 for the Game Boy. The game's first sequel, Mario vs.

negative: Mario Kart: Double Dash‼ Mario Kart: Double Dash!! (マリオカートダブルダッシュ!!, Mario Kāto: Daburu Dasshu!!) is a racing game developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis and Development and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo GameCube in 2003. The game is the fourth installment in the Mario Kart series and the third for home consoles after Mario Kart 64.


query: Who wrote the book The pillars of the Earth?

positive: Ken Follett Kenneth Martin "Ken" Follett (born 5 June 1949) is a Welsh author of thrillers and historical novels who has sold more than 150 million copies of his works. Many of his books have reached number 1 on the New York Times Best Seller list, including Edge of Eternity, Fall of Giants, The Key to Rebecca, Lie Down with Lions, Triple, Winter of the World, and World Without End.

positive: The Pillars of the Earth The Pillars of the Earth is a historical novel by Ken Follett published in 1989 about the building of a cathedral in the fictional town of Kingsbridge, England. It is set in the middle of the 12th century, primarily during the Anarchy, between the time of the sinking of the White Ship and the murder of Thomas Becket.

positive: The Pillars of the Earth (miniseries) The Pillars of the Earth is an eight-part 2010 TV miniseries, adapted from Ken Follett's novel of the same name. It debuted in the U.S. on Starz and in Canada on The Movie Network/Movie Central on July 23, 2010. Its UK premiere was on Channel 4 in October 2010 at 9pm. In 2011, the series was nominated for 3 Golden Globes, including Best Mini-Series or Motion Picture Made for Television, Ian McShane for Best Actor and Hayley Atwell for Best Actress at the 68th Annual Golden Globe Awards.

negative: 26th Gemini Awards The 26th Gemini Awards was held on September 7, 2011 to honour achievements in Canadian television. The ceremony was broadcast live from the Canadian Broadcasting Centre in Toronto, and aired on CBC Television. The show was hosted by Russell Peters. Nominations were announced on August 3.

negative: Aaron Selig ben Moses of Zolkiev Aaron Selig ben Moses of Zolkiev was a Polish Jewish author who flourished in the seventeenth century. He wrote "'Amude Sheba'" (Seven Pillars) containing: (1) Commentaries and glosses on the old and the new Zohar, explaining the foreign words therein; (2) treatises not included in the old Zohar; (3) references where commentaries on the treatises of the old and the new Zohar can be found; (4) similar indications of the book "Tiḳḳunim"; (5) remarks on the style of the Zohar.

negative: Above (Pillar album) Above is the major label debut album of Christian rock band Pillar, released on September 26, 2000.  The song "Open Your Eyes" won a Dove Award in 2001 for Hard Music Song of the Year.  Most of the tracks had been previously released on their independent album Original Superman. In 2006, Pillar stopped performing any songs from "Above" during live shows.

negative: Alison Pill Alison Pill (born November 27, 1985) is a Canadian actress. A former child actress, Pill began her career at age twelve, appearing in numerous films and television series. She transitioned to adult roles and her breakthrough came with the television series The Book of Daniel (2006).

negative: Alma Bridwell White Alma Bridwell White (June 16, 1862 – June 26, 1946) was the founder and a bishop of the Pillar of Fire Church. In 1918, she became the first female bishop in the United States. She was noted for her association with the Ku Klux Klan and her feminism, anti-Catholicism, antisemitism, anti-Pentecostalism, racism, and hostility to immigrants. By the time of her death at age 84, she had expanded the sect to "4,000 followers, 61 churches, seven schools, ten periodicals and two broadcasting stations."

negative: America in the King Years America in the King Years is a three-volume history of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Civil Rights Movement by Taylor Branch, which he wrote between 1982 and 2006.

negative: Anatole Taubman Anatole Taubman (born 23 December 1970) is a Swiss actor, who has appeared in many films, such as a henchman in the James Bond movie Quantum of Solace, Stanislav Turgin in the film The Transporter: Refueled, and as the monk Remigius in the TV miniseries The Pillars of the Earth, but also in Swiss productions as Marmorera (2007). In 2012, he played also a bigger role in Fünf Freunde an adaptation of one of the famous books of Enid Blyton's Famous Five.

negative: Arlene White Lawrence Arlene Hart White Lawrence (November 11, 1916 – November 10, 1990) was a Bishop and the third President and General Superintendent of the Pillar of Fire Church, a Protestant denomination which in 1966 operated church congregations, missionary homes, radio stations, publishing operations, farms, schools and colleges from fifty-four properties around the world.  The denomination was founded in Denver, Colorado by her grandmother, Alma Bridwell White, the first woman Bishop in the US.

negative: Arnold Sundgaard Arnold Olaf Sundgaard (October 31, 1909 – October 22, 2006) was an American playwright, librettist, and lyricist.Sundgard was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota, and was of Norwegian descent. He attended Johnson Senior High School in Saint Paul, where he played football with Warren E. Burger. He then attended the University of Wisconsin, graduating with a bachelor's degree in English in 1935; he also studied at the Yale Drama School.

negative: Arthur Kent White Arthur Kent White (March 15, 1889 – September 16, 1981) was a bishop, and the general superintendent of the Pillar of Fire Church in Zarephath, New Jersey and the president of Belleview College. The church was started by his mother, Alma Bridwell White, in Denver, Colorado.

negative: At the Villa of Reduced Circumstances At the Villa of Reduced Circumstances is a book by Scottish author and academic Alexander McCall Smith, relating further matters in the life of the main character, Professor Dr Moritz-Maria von Igelfeld.The Professor is a troubled German academic whose life's achievement is the (fictional) book, Portuguese Irregular Verbs.

negative: Axis mundi The axis mundi (also cosmic axis, world axis, world pillar, center of the world, world tree), in certain beliefs and philosophies, is the world center, or the connection between Heaven and Earth. As the celestial pole and geographic pole, it expresses a point of connection between sky and earth where the four compass directions meet. At this point travel and correspondence is made between higher and lower realms.

negative: Branford Clarke Branford Edward Clarke (March 18, 1885 – July 7, 1947) was an Evangelical preacher, poet and artist who promoted the Ku Klux Klan through his art which was drawn for the Pillar of Fire Church and their publications.

negative: Capellen Music Production Capellen Music Production (CMP) is a music production company. It specializes in film and pop symphony recordings, live concerts and other symphony related services (i.e. music preparation, orchestration, symphonic arrangements, etc.).Since 2006, CMP uses its specific studio formations, Capellen Orchestra and Capellen Choir.To date, CMP has produced music for many film and record companies (e.g.

negative: Confessions (Pillar album) Confessions is the sixth album, from the Christian band Pillar.  The album was released on September 22, 2009, by Essential Records.

negative: Cultural depictions of Stephen of England King Stephen of England (c. 1092/6 – 25 October 1154) was a grandson of William the Conqueror, and has been depicted in various cultural works. He was King of England from 1135 to his death, and also the Count of Boulogne jure uxoris. His reign was marked by civil war with his cousin and rival the Empress Matilda, often called the Anarchy. He was succeeded by Matilda's son, Henry II, the first of the Angevin kings.

negative: Cultural depictions of the Empress Matilda The 12th-century ruler Empress Matilda has been depicted in various cultural media.

negative: DAW Books DAW Books is an American science fiction and fantasy publisher, founded by Donald A. Wollheim following his departure from Ace Books in 1971.

negative: David A. Rosemont Emmy Award winning Producer, David A. Rosemont has been nominated for five Emmy Awards and four Golden Globes.

negative: David W. Zucker David W. Zucker is President of Television for Scott Free, and Executive Producer of the Emmy and Golden Globe-nominated, Peabody-acclaimed drama, The Good Wife, now in its 6th season on CBS, as well as NUMB3RS, which ran for six successful seasons on the same network.  2014 productions include Halo:Nightfall, a feature-length digital series for Xbox/Microsoft, Killing Jesus, the third in the acclaimed ‘Killing’ telefilms for National Geographic,  and a pilot adaptation of Philip K.

negative: Dhives Akuru Divehi Akuru or Dhives Akuru (island letters) is a script formerly used to write the Maldivian language. This script was called "Dives Akuru" by H. C. P. Bell who studied Maldive epigraphy when he retired from the British government service in Colombo and wrote an extensive monography on the archaeology, history and epigraphy of the Maldive islands.The Divehi Akuru developed from the Grantha script.

negative: Dreamfall Chapters: The Longest Journey Dreamfall Chapters: The Longest Journey (Norwegian: Drømmefall Kapitler: Den lengste reisen) is an ongoing episodic 3D adventure game with emphasis on character interaction, exploration of the game world, and puzzle solving. It is a sequel to the adventure games The Longest Journey and Dreamfall: The Longest Journey.

negative: Dutton Penguin Dutton is an American book publisher, established in 1986 when its precursor E.P. Dutton was split by its owner the Penguin Group into Dutton and Dutton Children's Books.

negative: Eric Jones (climber) Eric Jones (born 1935) is a Welsh solo climber, skydiver and BASE jumper.He is most well known for the first British solo ascent of the north face of the Eiger in 1981, and for his climbs on the Matterhorn and South Col on Everest.  In 1969, Eric Jones ascended the Bonatti Pillar on the Dru solo, and in 1971, he was the first person to climb the Central Pillar of Brouillard on the south ridge of Mont Blanc.

negative: Esgaroth Esgaroth, or Lake-town, is a fictitious community of Men upon the Long Lake which appears in the 1937 novel The Hobbit by J. R. R. Tolkien. Constructed entirely of wood and standing upon wooden pillars sunk into the lake-bed, the town is south of the Lonely Mountain and east of Mirkwood.

negative: Fireproof (Pillar album) Fireproof is Christian band Pillar's second full length album and their most successful, having sold over 300,000 copies. It was released in at least three different versions including a Remixed version and a limited Special Edition that came with Pillar's All Day Every Day DVD and a slipcase.

negative: Five Pillars of Islam The Five Pillars of Islam (arkān al-Islām أركان الإسلام; also arkān al-dīn أركان الدين "pillars of the religion") are five basic acts in Islam, considered mandatory by believers and are the foundation of Muslim life.

negative: For the Love of the Game (album) For the Love of the Game is the fifth studio album from Christian metal group Pillar, which was released on February 26, 2008. According to their website, Pillar defines the title as: "For the love of" = the passion of, and "The game" = the pursuit of Christ.This is the last album to include longtime drummer, Lester Estelle, and bass player and founding member, Kalel. During live performances of "Smiling Down", Rob Beckley plays acoustic guitar. The album debuted at No.

negative: Four Pillars of Destiny The Four Pillars of Destiny is a Chinese, Japanese and Korean conceptual term describing the four components that supposedly create a person's destiny or fate.  The four components within the moment of birth are year, month, day, and hour. The four pillars (a translation of the Chinese dynastic phrase Shēng Chén Bā Zì) are used alongside fortune-telling practices such as Zǐ wēi dòu shù within the realm of Chinese astrology. Comparisons have been made between Western astrology and Ba Zi.

negative: Freddie Boath Freddie Boath (born 6 May 1991) is an English actor best known for his role as Alex O'Connell in The Mummy Returns.Boath was born in London. His father is a banker and his mother is a producer. He has an older brother, Jack and a younger sister, Millie. Boath attended the Catholic prep school St Phillip's. He has attended drama classes with his siblings for several years.

negative: George Millar (writer) George Reid Millar DSO MC (19 September 1910 – 15 January 2005) was a Scottish journalist, soldier, author and farmer.Millar was awarded the Military Cross (MC) in early 1944 for escaping from Germany while a prisoner of war and making it back to England, which he wrote about in his 1946 book Horned Pigeon.  He was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO) and the French Légion d'Honneur and the Croix de Guerre avec Palmes for his service as an SOE officer in France in 1944.

negative: Gondolin Gondolin is a fictional city in J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium inhabited by Elves.

negative: Gordon Pinsent Gordon Edward Pinsent, CC, FRSC (born July 12, 1930) is an iconic and award-winning Canadian actor, screenwriter, director and playwright. In a successful and prolific career spanning over 60 years in theatre, radio, television and film, he is best known for his roles in Away from Her, The Rowdyman, John and the Missus, A Gift to Last, Due South, The Red Green Show and Quentin Durgens, M.P.

negative: Guardians of Liberty Guardians of Liberty is a three volume set of books published in 1943 by Bishop Alma Bridwell White, author of over 35 books and founder of the Pillar of Fire Church. Guardians of Liberty is primarily devoted to summarizing White’s vehement anti-Catholicism under the guise of patriotism. White also defends her historical support of and association with the Ku Klux Klan while significantly but not completely distancing herself from the Klan.

negative: Hayley Atwell Hayley Elizabeth Atwell (born 5 April 1982) is a British-American actress. She is known for her work in stage productions such as A View from the Bridge, and in films such as Cassandra's Dream (2007), The Duchess (2008), The Pillars of the Earth (2010), and for her portrayal of Peggy Carter in various Marvel Cinematic Universe films and TV series.

negative: Heroes of the Fiery Cross Heroes of the Fiery Cross is a book in praise of the Ku Klux Klan, published in 1928 by Protestant Bishop Alma Bridwell White, in which she "sounds the alarm about imagined threats to Protestant Americans from Catholics and Jews", according to author Peter Knight.

negative: High fantasy High fantasy is a subgenre of fantasy, defined either by its setting in an imaginary world or by the epic stature of its characters, themes and plot. The term "high fantasy" was coined by Lloyd Alexander in a 1971 essay, "High Fantasy and Heroic Romance".

negative: Ian McShane Ian David McShane (born 29 September 1942) is an English actor, director, producer and voice artist.Despite appearing in numerous films, McShane is best known for his television roles, particularly BBC's Lovejoy (1986–94) and HBO's drama series Deadwood (2004–06).  McShane starred as King Silas Benjamin in the NBC series Kings, Bishop Waleran in The Pillars of the Earth, Tai Lung in Kung Fu Panda, and as Blackbeard in Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides.

negative: Isaac Asimov Isaac Asimov (/ˈaɪzɨk ˈæzɨmɒv/; born Isaak Yudovich Ozimov; circa January 2, 1920 – April 6, 1992) was an  American author and professor of biochemistry at Boston University, best known for his works of science fiction and for his popular science books. Asimov was prolific and wrote or edited more than 500 books and an estimated 90,000 letters and postcards.

negative: J. Michael Straczynski Joseph Michael Straczynski (/strəˈzɪn.ski/; born July 17, 1954), known professionally as J. Michael Straczynski and informally as Joe Straczynski or jms, is an American writer and producer. He works in films, television series, novels, short stories, comic books, radio dramas and other media. Straczynski is a playwright, former journalist, and author of The Complete Book of Scriptwriting.

negative: Jagat Sundar Malla Jagat Sundar Malla (1882 - 1952) (Devanagari: जगत सुन्दर मल्ल) was a Nepalese teacher and writer who dedicated his life to the education of the common people.Malla opened a school in his home defying government repression as the Rana regime disapproved of any move to spread modern education. He stressed the importance of learning English, and he wrote and published textbooks in Nepalese languages as he believed that children learn faster if they are taught in their mother tongue.

negative: John Pielmeier John Pielmeier (born February 23, 1949) is an American playwright and screenwriter.

negative: Julian Barnes Julian Patrick Barnes (born 19 January 1946) is an English writer. Barnes won the Man Booker Prize for his book The Sense of an Ending (2011), and three of his earlier books had been shortlisted for the Booker Prize: Flaubert's Parrot (1984), England, England (1998), and Arthur & George (2005). He has also written crime fiction under the pseudonym Dan Kavanagh.

negative: Kathleen Merrell White Kathleen Merell White (November 25, 1889 - April 1, 1973) was a minister, author, and senior leader in the Pillar of Fire Church, a Protestant denomination founded in 1901 by Bishop Alma White, Kathleen's mother-in-law.  At its peak, the Pillar of Fire had several dozen congregations and operated three radio stations, two colleges, a dozen elementary and secondary schools, and a significant printing operation.  The church published at least ten periodicals and nearly 100 different book titles.

negative: Klansmen: Guardians of Liberty Klansmen:  Guardians of Liberty was a book published by the Pillar of Fire Church in 1926 by Bishop Alma Bridwell White and illustrated by Reverend Branford Clarke. She claims that the Founding Fathers of the United States were members of the Ku Klux Klan, and that Paul Revere made his legendary ride in Klan hood and robes. She said: "Jews are everywhere a separate and distinct people, living apart from the great Gentile masses ...

negative: Liam Garrigan Liam Garrigan (born 17 October 1981 in Kingston upon Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, England, UK) is an English theatre and television actor. As a youth he attended classes at Kingston upon Hull's Northern Stage Company and was a student at Wyke College, Kingston upon Hull.Garrigan trained as a professional actor at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in the City of London.  He has appeared in BBC TV dramas Holby City, Doctors, The Chase and ITV1's Agatha Christie's Marple.

negative: List of Winx Club episodes Winx Club is an Italian animated series which premiered on January 28, 2004 in Italy on Rai 2. The series involves Bloom, who is an ordinary girl from Earth, who learns she's not so ordinary and, in fact, a powerful fairy.

negative: László Egyed László Egyed (12 February 1914 – 11 July 1970) was a Hungarian geophysicist who published over 100 scientific articles. In 1956 he wrote the book Physics of the solid earth, which was reworked and republished in 1969.Like Ott Christoph Hilgenberg, Samuel Warren Carey and Pascual Jordan, Egyed was a supporter of the Expanding Earth theory, an alternative to plate tectonics.

negative: Macrobians The Macrobians (Μακροβίοι), meaning long-lived, were a legendary tribe of Aethiopia and kingdom positioned in the land towards the western sunset at the ends of the earth in ancient Libya (Africa). According to Herodotus they dwelt geographically along the sea south of Libya on the Atlantic opposite of the Erythraean sea to the east of them. This Libya was south of the Pillars of Hercules and Atlas Mountains along the Atlantic coast, while the northern Libyan coast was the Mediterranean Sea.

negative: Matthew Sleeth (Christian environmentalist) Matthew Sleeth, MD is an author, speaker, and advocate of creation care. A former emergency room physician, Sleeth wrote his first book, Serve God, Save the Planet (Zondervan), in May 2006. Since then, he has spoken more than 900 times in churches, schools and to media outlets about the biblical mandate to care for the Earth.In 2008, Sleeth wrote the introduction to The Green Bible (HarperOne) and in 2010 wrote The Gospel According to the Earth: Why the Good Book is a Green Book (HarperOne).

negative: Michael Wittig Kalel redirects here. For the comic book character, see Clark KentMichael Richard Wittig (b. August 21, 1976) is an American Christian musician who is best known as "Kalel", the former bass player for the Dove Awards winning and Grammy nominated Christian hard rock band Pillar. After ten years of playing with Pillar, Wittig left the band in September 2008. He was a member of pop rock band Stars Go Dim, with Joey Avalos, Lester Estelle Jr.

negative: Middle-earth Middle-earth is the setting of much of  J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium.The term is equivalent to the term Midgard of Norse mythology, describing the human-inhabited world,  i.e.

negative: Minhaj al-karamah Minhaj al-karamah fi macrifat al-imamah, also known as Minhâjû’l-Istikâmah fî Isbâtû’l-Imamah is a theological and religious book written by Allame Helli. Allameh Hilli wrote this book for the sake of defending the Imamah, and is one of the most important pillars of Shia Islam.

negative: Muse Entertainment Founded in 1998, Muse Entertainment is a Canadian producer of films and television programs.  Muse Entertainment produces dramatic series, television films, mini-series and family programs.

negative: Natalia Wörner Natalia Wörner (born 7 September 1967 in Stuttgart, West Germany) is a German actress.

negative: Nathaniel G. Moore Nathaniel G. Moore is a Canadian novelist and journalist.In spring 2007, Moore released Let’s Pretend We Never Met with Toronto’s Pedlar Press. The book’s central theme was the interactions between the dead Latin poet Catullus and the author himself.

negative: Noah Henson Noah Henson I (born April 18, 1981) is the lead guitarist for the Christian rock band Pillar.  Henson joined after Travis Jenkins left in 2001 and has been recorded in all of Pillar's major albums except their first, Above.  Originally from Cary, North Carolina, Henson now lives in Broken Arrow, Oklahoma with his wife, Lindsey Henson, and two children, Hannah and Noah II.

negative: Nothing Comes for Free Nothing Comes for Free is an EP released by the Christian rock band Pillar. It features 3 new songs (including a different mix of "Everything") and 4 live tracks recorded at Blue Cats in Knoxville, Tennessee. The other 2 new songs, "Our Escape" and "Dangerous" are not available on The Reckoning. The EP was only available at live shows and at their webstore.  A limited number of 10,000 copies were created.

negative: Oprah's Book Club Oprah's Book Club was a book discussion club segment of the American talk show The Oprah Winfrey Show, highlighting books chosen by host Oprah Winfrey. Winfrey started the book club in 1996, selecting a new book, usually a novel, for viewers to read and discuss each month. The Club ended its 15-year run, along with the Oprah Winfrey Show, on May 25, 2011.

negative: Pillar (car) Pillars are the vertical or near vertical supports of a car's window area or greenhouse—designated respectively as the A, B, C or D-pillar, moving from the front to rear, in profile view. The consistent alphabetical designation of a car's pillars provides a common reference for design discussion and critical communication.

negative: Pillar of Cloud A pillar of cloud (Hebrew: עמוד ענן) was one of the manifestations of the presence of the God of Israel in the Torah, the five books of Moses which appear at the beginning of the Old Testament Bible. According to Exodus, the pillar of cloud guided the Israelites by day during the Exodus from Egypt (circa the 18th Dynasty; see dating of the Exodus). The pillar of cloud is traditionally paired with the manifestation of the divine presence by night as the pillar of fire, which provided light.

negative: Pillar of Fire (theophany) A Pillar of Fire was one of the manifestations of the presence of the God of Israel in the Torah, the five books of Moses which appear at the beginning of the Old Testament Bible. According to Exodus, the pillar of fire provided light so that the Israelites could travel by night during the Exodus from Egypt (claimed to be the 18th Dynasty; see dating of the Exodus). The pillar of fire is traditionally paired with the manifestation of the divine presence by day as the Pillar of Cloud.

negative: Pillar of Fire International The Pillar of Fire International is a Christian organization founded in Denver, Colorado in 1901 by Alma White with headquarters in Zarephath, New Jersey.  The Pillar of Fire was originally incorporated as the Pentecostal Union, but changed its name to distance itself from Pentecostalism in 1915.  While the Pillar of Fire is Methodist in doctrine, Alma White and her followers believed that the Methodist Church had become corrupt.

negative: Pillars of Creation "Pillars of Creation" is a photograph taken by the Hubble Space Telescope of elephant trunks of interstellar gas and dust in the Eagle Nebula, some 7,000 light years from Earth. They are so named because the gas and dust are in the process of creating new stars, while also being eroded by the light from nearby stars that have recently formed. Taken on April 1, 1995, it was named one of the top ten photographs from Hubble by Space.com.

negative: Pillars of Hercules, Soho The Pillars of Hercules is a pub in Greek Street, Soho, London. Most of what exists now was built around 1910, but the pub dates back to 1733. Dickens referred to it in A Tale Of Two Cities, and the road at the side of the pub through the arch is named Manette Street, after Dr Manette, one of the characters from that book.More recently, the pub has been favoured by many figures from the London literary scene, including Martin Amis, Ian Hamilton, Julian Barnes and Ian McEwan.

negative: Pillars of Hercules The Pillars of Hercules (Latin: Columnae Herculis, Greek: Ἡράκλειοι Στῆλαι, Arabic: أعمدة هرقل, Spanish: Columnas de Hércules) was the phrase that was applied in Antiquity to the promontories that flank the entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar. The northern Pillar is the Rock of Gibraltar (now part of the British overseas territory of Gibraltar).

negative: Portuguese Irregular Verbs Portuguese Irregular Verbs is a short comic novel by Alexander McCall Smith, and the first of McCall Smith's Professor Dr von Igelfeld novels. It was first published in 1997.The protagonist is a bitter German professor, Moritz-Maria von Igelfeld, who feels that he is not accorded the scholarly recognition and veneration he deserves. Von Igelfeld is an extremely tall philologist at the Institute of Romance Philology in Regensburg, Germany.

negative: Premillennialism Premillennialism, in Christian eschatology, is the belief that Jesus will physically return to the earth before the Millennium, a literal thousand-year golden age of peace. This return is referred to as the Second Coming. The doctrine is called "premillennialism" because it holds that Jesus' physical return to earth will occur prior to the inauguration of the Millennium.

negative: Principles of Geology Principles of Geology: being an attempt to explain the former changes of the Earth's surface, by reference to causes now in operation is a book by the Scottish geologist Charles Lyell, first published in 3 volumes in 1830–1833.Lyell used geology throughout as a basis to strengthen his argument for Uniformitarianism. He used geological proof to determine that the Earth was older than 6,000 years, as had been previously contested.

negative: Producers Guild of America Awards 2010 The 22nd Producers Guild of America Awards, given on January 22, 2011, honouring the best film and television producers of 2010.

negative: Publishers Weekly Publishers Weekly (PW) is an American weekly trade news magazine targeted at publishers, librarians, booksellers and literary agents. Published continuously since 1872, it has carried the tagline, "The International News Magazine of Book Publishing and Bookselling".

negative: Ray Bridwell White Ray Bridwell White (August 1892 – November 5, 1946) was the son of Alma White, the leader of the Pillar of Fire Church in Zarephath, New Jersey.  He was nominated to be a Bishop shortly after his mother died in 1946, but was too ill to attend the ordination ceremony and died shortly thereafter.

negative: Residence on Earth Residence on Earth (Spanish: Residencia En La Tierra) is book of poetry by Chilean poet Pablo Neruda. Residence on Earth came out in three volumes, in 1933, 1935, and 1947.

negative: Ridley Scott Sir Ridley Scott, KBE (born 30 November 1937) is an English film director and producer.

negative: Robert Bathurst Robert Guy Bathurst (born 22 February 1957) is an English actor. Bathurst was born in the Gold Coast in 1957, where his father was working as a management consultant. His family moved to Dublin, Ireland, in 1959 and Bathurst was enrolled at an Anglican boarding school. In 1966, the family moved to England, and Bathurst transferred to Worth School in Sussex, where he took up amateur dramatics. At the age of 18, he read law at the University of Cambridge and joined the Cambridge Footlights group.

negative: Rufus Sewell Rufus Frederik Sewell (/ˈsuːəl/; born 29 October 1967) is an English actor. In film, he has appeared in The Woodlanders, Dangerous Beauty, Dark City, A Knight's Tale, The Illusionist, Tristan and Isolde, and Martha, Meet Frank, Daniel and Laurence. On television, he starred as an Italian detective in the BBC's television series Zen (2011) and also appeared in the mini-series The Pillars of the Earth (2010).

negative: Salisbury Cathedral Salisbury Cathedral, formally known as the Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, is an Anglican cathedral in Salisbury, England, and one of the leading examples of Early English architecture. The main body of the cathedral was completed in only 38 years, from 1220 to 1258.The cathedral has the tallest church spire in the United Kingdom (123m/404 ft). Visitors can take the "Tower Tour" where the interior of the hollow spire, with its ancient wood scaffolding, can be viewed.

negative: Samuel Rowbotham Samuel Birley Rowbotham (1816–1884) was an English inventor and writer who wrote Zetetic Astronomy: Earth Not a Globe under the pseudonym "Parallax". His work was based on his decade-long studies of the earth and was originally published as a 16-page pamphlet (1849), which he later expanded into a 430-page book (1881).

negative: Sarah Parish Sarah Parish (born 7 June 1968) is an English actress. She is known for her work on TV series including: The Pillars of the Earth, Peak Practice, Hearts and Bones, Cutting It, Doctor Who, Mistresses, Merlin, the BBC TV series Atlantis and the ITV medical drama, Monroe.

negative: Seven Pillars of Wisdom Seven Pillars of Wisdom is the autobiographical account of the experiences of British soldier T. E. Lawrence "\Lawrence of Arabia"), while serving as a liaison officer with rebel forces during the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Turks of 1916 to 1918.

negative: Skye Bennett Skye Deva Bennett (born 2 May 1995) is an English American actress, best known for her role as Sarah in the 2008 film Dark Floors, as well as for her role as Martha in The Pillars of the Earth.

negative: Skye Lourie Skye Lourie (born 1990) is a New Zealand-British actress.Born in New Zealand and raised in Tuscany, Lourie attended Tring Park School for the Performing Arts and Hurtwood House. Skye Lourie is best known for portraying Elizabeth of Weymouth in the TV-miniseries The Pillars of the Earth (2010). Other film credits are The Holding and Guinea Pigs. She guest starred in the TV series Hustle in the episode Curiosity Caught the Kat (2012).

negative: Stone of Jacob The Stone of Jacob appears in the Book of Genesis as the stone used as a pillow by the Israelite patriarch Jacob at the place later called Bet-El. As Jacob had a vision in his sleep, he then consecrated the stone to God. More recently, the stone has been claimed by Scottish folklore and British Israelism.

negative: Sustainability In ecology, sustainability is the capacity to endure; it is how biological systems  remain diverse and productive indefinitely. Long-lived and healthy wetlands and forests are examples of sustainable biological systems. In more general terms, sustainability is the endurance of systems and processes. The organizing principle for sustainability is sustainable development, which includes the four interconnected domains: ecology, economics, politics and culture.

negative: Tandem Communications Tandem Communications is a Munich-based company which produces TV movies, miniseries, television series and film series.It was founded in 1999 by Emmy-nominated producers Rola Bauer and Tim Halkin.

negative: The 2½ Pillars of Wisdom The 2½ Pillars Of Wisdom is the collected name for three novels by Alexander McCall Smith.All three novels centre on the exploits of Moritz-Maria von Igelfeld.

negative: The Big Read The Big Read was a survey on books carried out by the BBC in the United Kingdom in 2003, where over three quarters of a million votes were received from the British public to find the nation's best-loved novel of all time. The year-long survey was the biggest single test of public reading taste to date, and culminated with several programmes hosted by celebrities, advocating their favourite books.

negative: The Finer Points of Sausage Dogs The Finer Points of Sausage Dogs is a novel by Scottish author and academic Alexander McCall Smith. The book relates further matters in the life of the main character, Professor Dr Moritz-Maria von Igelfeld, following on from the first book of the series, Portuguese Irregular Verbs.The Professor is a troubled German academic whose life's achievement is the (fictional) book, Portuguese Irregular Verbs.

negative: The Good Citizen The Good Citizen was a sixteen-page monthly political periodical edited by Bishop Alma White and illustrated by Reverend Branford Clarke. The Good Citizen was published from 1913 until 1933 by the Pillar of Fire Church at their headquarters in Zarephath, New Jersey in the United States.

negative: The Ku Klux Klan In Prophecy The Ku Klux Klan In Prophecy is a 144-page book written by Bishop Alma Bridwell White in 1925 and illustrated by Reverend Branford Clarke. In the book she uses scripture to rationalize that the Klan is sanctioned by God "through divine illumination and prophetic vision". She also believed that the Apostles and the Good Samaritan were members of the Klan. The book was published by the Pillar of Fire Church, which she founded, at their press in Zarephath, New Jersey.

negative: The Lady Tasting Tea The Lady Tasting Tea: How Statistics Revolutionized Science in the Twentieth Century (ISBN 0-8050-7134-2) is a book by David Salsburg about the history of modern statistics and the role it played in the development of science and industry.The title comes from the "lady tasting tea", an example from the famous book, The Design of Experiments, by Ronald A. Fisher.

negative: The Lays of Beleriand The Lays of Beleriand, published in 1985, is the third volume of Christopher Tolkien's 12-volume book series, The History of Middle-earth, in which he analyzes the unpublished manuscripts of his father J. R. R. Tolkien.The book contains the long "lays" or poems Tolkien wrote: these are The Lay of the Children of Húrin about the saga of Túrin Turambar, and The Lay of Leithian (also called Release from Bondage) about Beren and Lúthien.

negative: The Pillars of Creation The Pillars of Creation is the seventh book in Terry Goodkind's epic fantasy series The Sword of Truth. It is the first book in the series not to feature Richard Rahl as the protagonist, although he does appear.

negative: The Reckoning (Pillar album) The Reckoning is the fourth album from Christian rock group Pillar.  It was released on October 3, 2006. Included on the new release are displays of the softer side of Pillar (with songs like "Angel In Disguise" and "Wherever the Wind Blows"), the pop side ("Sometimes") and the much heavier/screaming side ("Crossfire" and "Tragedy"). The album debuted at No. 70 on the Billboard 200.The Reckoning received a Grammy Award nomination December 6, 2007 for Best Rock or Rap Gospel Album.

negative: The Tale of Beren and Lúthien The Tale of Beren and Lúthien is the story of the love and adventures of the mortal Man Beren and the immortal Elf-maiden Lúthien, as told in several works of J. R. R. Tolkien. It takes place during the First Age of Middle-earth, about 6500 years before the events of his most famous book, The Lord of the Rings. Tolkien wrote several versions of their story, the latest written in The Silmarillion. Beren and Lúthien are also mentioned in The Lord of the Rings.

negative: Themes of The Lord of the Rings Since the publication of The Lord of the Rings by J. R. R. Tolkien, a wealth of secondary literature has been published discussing the literary themes and archetypes present in the story. Tolkien also wrote about the themes of his book in letters to friends, family and fans, and also in the book itself.

negative: Tony Curran Anthony "Tony" Curran (born 13 December 1969) is a Scottish actor.

negative: Tor Books Tor Books is the primary imprint of Tom Doherty Associates LLC publishing company, based in New York City, US. It is noted for its science fiction and fantasy titles, and publishes the online science fiction magazine Tor.com.

negative: Trevor Morris (musician) Trevor Morris (born 25 May 1970) is a Canadian orchestral composer, music producer, and creator of electronic music. He is probably best known for the creating the soundtracks for the television shows The Tudors,  The Pillars of the Earth, The Borgias, Vikings and the film Olympus Has Fallen.

negative: WAKW WAKW (93.3 FM) is a contemporary Christian music radio station located in Cincinnati, Ohio. It is a listener-supported radio station owned by the Pillar of Fire International. The Class B, 50,000-watt signal reaches the greater Cincinnati area, including Northern Kentucky and Eastern Indiana.The station plays a Christian adult contemporary format. It broadcasts with an effective radiated power of 50,000 watts.

negative: WAWZ WAWZ (99.1 FM, Star 99.1) is a contemporary Christian music radio station located in Zarephath, New Jersey. It is a listener supported/commercial radio station owned by the Pillar of Fire International. The station's target demographic is a 25-34 year olds.

negative: Westminster Castle The Westminster Castle, also locally known as "The Big Red Castle" or "The Pillar of Fire" is a historic landmark located in Westminster, Colorado, northwest of Denver near the intersection of 83rd and Federal.  It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Westminster University.

negative: White Ship The White Ship (French: la Blanche-Nef) was a vessel that sank in the English Channel near the Normandy coast off Barfleur, on 25 November 1120. Only two of those aboard survived. Those who drowned included William Adelin, the only surviving legitimate son and heir of King Henry I of England.  William Adelin's death led to a succession crisis and a period of civil war in England known as the Anarchy.

negative: World Without End (Follett novel) World Without End is a best-selling 2007 novel by Ken Follett and the sequel to 1989's The Pillars of the Earth.World Without End takes place in the same fictional town as Pillars of the Earth — Kingsbridge — and features the descendants of some Pillars characters 157 years later. The plot incorporates two major historical events, the start of the Hundred Years' War and the Black Death.

negative: World Without End (miniseries) World Without End is an eight-episode 2012 television miniseries based on the novel of the same name by Ken Follett. It is a sequel to the 2010 miniseries The Pillars of the Earth, also based on a Follett novel. World Without End is set 150 years after The Pillars of the Earth and chronicles the experiences of the fictional English town of Kingsbridge during the start of the Hundred Years' War and the outbreak of the Black Death.

negative: Writers Guild of America Awards 2010 The 63rd Writers Guild of America Awards honored the best film, television, and videogame writers of 2010. Winners were announced on February 5, 2011.

negative: Zarephath, New Jersey Zarephath (pronounced ZARRA-fath) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) and located in Franklin Township, in Somerset County, New Jersey, United States, about 15 mi (24 km) north of Princeton.