literally thousands of computers around the world and they're being used from everything from business and accounting to scientific experiments and who knows what they're going to be used for. so more more computers and coming down in price coming down size a computer used to be the size of this entire hall and now they've shrunk to really tiny proportions so is this this time a really rapid change in the field of computing so I thought to be interested have a look ahead a little bit to the future programming and think about given what we know now what programming might be like say forty years from now so what I'm going to talk about today there's been some really interesting research has been done just the last ten years or so and i think is have implications for what program he might be like in the future so there is 4 big ideas kind of 4 big topics that I want to talk about um that come out of her recent research but before I get to those for big ideas I want to talk about the nature of adopting ideas in the first place so basically what we've we notice is that technology just quickly people's minds change slowly so it easier to adopt new technologies it can be hard to adopt new ways of thinking so technology wise Gordon Moore 