lets factor that ' x ' out but wait.. lets get little more greedy and factor 1/2 too we are factoring 1/2 out only to have p(x) look more likable to us!! so our first term inside the braces gets magically transformed as x cube .. (no fraction) second term is plus 2x square since we factored a 1/2 out we need to multiply by 2 third term is minus 4x since we factored a 1/2 out we need to multiply by 2 and lastly our fourth term is minus 8 since we factored a 1/2 out we need to multiply by 2 