#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int mod = (int)1e9 + 7;
const int MOD = (int)998244353;
const int INF = (int)1e18;
bool cmp(const pair<int, int>& a, const pair<int, int>& b) {
  return a.second - a.first < b.second - b.first;
}
void solve() {
  long long n, m;
  cin >> n >> m;
  if (m < n)
    cout << m * (m + 1) / 2 << endl;
  else
    cout << (n - 1) * n / 2 + 1 << endl;
}
int main() {
  ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0);
  cin.tie(0);
  cout.tie(0);
  long long t = 1;
  cin >> t;
  clock_t timest = clock();
  cerr << "[Executes in " << (double)(clock() - timest) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << "s]"
       << endl;
  while (t--) {
    solve();
  }
}
