#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#pragma GCC target("avx2")
#pragma GCC optimization("unroll-loops")
#pragma GCC optimize("O2")
constexpr int dx[] = {-1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, -1, -1};
constexpr int dy[] = {0, -1, 0, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1};
constexpr long long INF = 1999999999999999997;
constexpr int inf = INT_MAX;
constexpr int MAXSIZE = int(1e6) + 5;
constexpr auto PI = 3.14159265358979323846L;
constexpr auto oo = numeric_limits<int>::max() / 2 - 2;
constexpr auto eps = 1e-6;
constexpr auto mod = 1000000007;
constexpr auto MOD = 1000000007;
constexpr auto MOD9 = 1000000009;
constexpr auto maxn = 100006;
void fastio() {
  ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
  cin.tie(NULL);
}
int h[100001];
int cnt[100001];
int main() {
  fastio();
  int n;
  cin >> n;
  cnt[0] = 1;
  for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
    int a;
    cin >> a;
    h[i] = h[a] + 1;
    cnt[h[i]]++;
  }
  int ans = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) ans += (cnt[i] & 1);
  cout << ans;
}
