checkasm: Use a self-balancing tree

Tested functions are internally kept in a binary search tree for efficient
lookups. The downside of the current implementation is that the tree quickly
becomes unbalanced which causes an unneccessary amount of comparisons between
nodes. Improve this by changing the tree into a self-balancing left-leaning
red-black tree with a worst case lookup/insertion time complexity of O(log n).

Significantly reduces the recursion depth and makes the tests run around 10%
faster overall. The relative performance improvement compared to the existing
non-balanced tree will also most likely increase as more tests are added.

Signed-off-by: Anton Khirnov <anton@khirnov.net>
