raw-posix: The SEEK_HOLE code is flawed, rewrite it

On systems where SEEK_HOLE in a trailing hole seeks to EOF (Solaris,
but not Linux), try_seek_hole() reports trailing data instead.

Additionally, unlikely lseek() failures are treated badly:

* When SEEK_HOLE fails, try_seek_hole() reports trailing data.  For
  -ENXIO, there's in fact a trailing hole.  Can happen only when
  something truncated the file since we opened it.

* When SEEK_HOLE succeeds, SEEK_DATA fails, and SEEK_END succeeds,
  then try_seek_hole() reports a trailing hole.  This is okay only
  when SEEK_DATA failed with -ENXIO (which means the non-trailing hole
  found by SEEK_HOLE has since become trailing somehow).  For other
  failures (unlikely), it's wrong.

* When SEEK_HOLE succeeds, SEEK_DATA fails, SEEK_END fails (unlikely),
  then try_seek_hole() reports bogus data [-1,start), which its caller
  raw_co_get_block_status() turns into zero sectors of data.  Could
  theoretically lead to infinite loops in code that attempts to scan
  data vs. hole forward.

Rewrite from scratch, with very careful comments.

Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>
