ntfs: fix out-of-bounds read in ntfs_attr_find()

Kernel iterates over ATTR_RECORDs in mft record in ntfs_attr_find().  To
ensure access on these ATTR_RECORDs are within bounds, kernel will do some
checking during iteration.

The problem is that during checking whether ATTR_RECORD's name is within
bounds, kernel will dereferences the ATTR_RECORD name_offset field, before
checking this ATTR_RECORD strcture is within bounds.  This problem may
result out-of-bounds read in ntfs_attr_find(), reported by Syzkaller:

==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ntfs_attr_find+0xc02/0xce0 fs/ntfs/attrib.c:597
Read of size 2 at addr ffff88807e352009 by task syz-executor153/3607

[...]
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]
 dump_stack_lvl+0xcd/0x134 lib/dump_stack.c:106
 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:317 [inline]
 print_report.cold+0x2ba/0x719 mm/kasan/report.c:433
 kasan_report+0xb1/0x1e0 mm/kasan/report.c:495
 ntfs_attr_find+0xc02/0xce0 fs/ntfs/attrib.c:597
 ntfs_attr_lookup+0x1056/0x2070 fs/ntfs/attrib.c:1193
 ntfs_read_inode_mount+0x89a/0x2580 fs/ntfs/inode.c:1845
 ntfs_fill_super+0x1799/0x9320 fs/ntfs/super.c:2854
 mount_bdev+0x34d/0x410 fs/super.c:1400
 legacy_get_tree+0x105/0x220 fs/fs_context.c:610
 vfs_get_tree+0x89/0x2f0 fs/super.c:1530
 do_new_mount fs/namespace.c:3040 [inline]
 path_mount+0x1326/0x1e20 fs/namespace.c:3370
 do_mount fs/namespace.c:3383 [inline]
 __do_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:3591 [inline]
 __se_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:3568 [inline]
 __x64_sys_mount+0x27f/0x300 fs/namespace.c:3568
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x35/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
 [...]
 </TASK>

The buggy address belongs to the physical page:
page:ffffea0001f8d400 refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x7e350
head:ffffea0001f8d400 order:3 compound_mapcount:0 compound_pincount:0
flags: 0xfff00000010200(slab|head|node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000010200 0000000000000000 dead000000000122 ffff888011842140
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000040004 00000001ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected
Memory state around the buggy address:
 ffff88807e351f00: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
 ffff88807e351f80: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
>ffff88807e352000: fa fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
                      ^
 ffff88807e352080: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
 ffff88807e352100: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
==================================================================

This patch solves it by moving the ATTR_RECORD strcture's bounds checking
earlier, then checking whether ATTR_RECORD's name is within bounds. 
What's more, this patch also add some comments to improve its
maintainability.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220831160935.3409-3-yin31149@gmail.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/1636796c-c85e-7f47-e96f-e074fee3c7d3@huawei.com/
Link: https://groups.google.com/g/syzkaller-bugs/c/t_XdeKPGTR4/m/LECAuIGcBgAJ
Signed-off-by: chenxiaosong (A) <chenxiaosong2@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Hawkins Jiawei <yin31149@gmail.com>
Reported-by: syzbot+5f8dcabe4a3b2c51c607@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Tested-by: syzbot+5f8dcabe4a3b2c51c607@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Cc: Anton Altaparmakov <anton@tuxera.com>
Cc: syzkaller-bugs <syzkaller-bugs@googlegroups.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
