<P> In plants , ATP synthase is also present in chloroplasts ( CF F - ATP synthase ) . The enzyme is integrated into thylakoid membrane ; the CF - part sticks into stroma , where dark reactions of photosynthesis ( also called the light - independent reactions or the Calvin cycle ) and ATP synthesis take place . The overall structure and the catalytic mechanism of the chloroplast ATP synthase are almost the same as those of the mitochondrial enzyme . However , in chloroplasts , the proton motive force is generated not by respiratory electron transport chain but by primary photosynthetic proteins . </P>
<P> In plants , ATP synthase is also present in chloroplasts ( CF F - ATP synthase ) . The enzyme is integrated into thylakoid membrane ; the CF - part sticks into stroma , where dark reactions of photosynthesis ( also called the light - independent reactions or the Calvin cycle ) and ATP synthesis take place . The overall structure and the catalytic mechanism of the chloroplast ATP synthase are almost the same as those of the mitochondrial enzyme . However , in chloroplasts , the proton motive force is generated not by respiratory electron transport chain but by primary photosynthetic proteins . </P>
where are atp synthase complexes located in plant cells
where are atp synthase complexes located in plant cells
in chloroplasts
in chloroplasts