<P> Vegetable oils and animal fats are the traditional materials that are saponified . These greasy materials , triesters called triglycerides , are mixtures derived from diverse fatty acids . Triglycerides can be converted to soap in either a one - or a two - step process . In the traditional one - step process , the triglyceride is treated with a strong base ( e.g. , lye ) , which cleaves the ester bond , releasing fatty acid salts ( soaps ) and glycerol . This process is also the main industrial method for producing glycerol . In some soap - making , the glycerol is left in the soap . If necessary , soaps may be precipitated by salting it out with sodium chloride . </P>
<P> Vegetable oils and animal fats are the traditional materials that are saponified . These greasy materials , triesters called triglycerides , are mixtures derived from diverse fatty acids . Triglycerides can be converted to soap in either a one - or a two - step process . In the traditional one - step process , the triglyceride is treated with a strong base ( e.g. , lye ) , which cleaves the ester bond , releasing fatty acid salts ( soaps ) and glycerol . This process is also the main industrial method for producing glycerol . In some soap - making , the glycerol is left in the soap . If necessary , soaps may be precipitated by salting it out with sodium chloride . </P>
by product of saponification of fats and oils
by product of saponification of fats and oils
soap
soap