<P> In December 1960 , Ali Javan and his associates William Bennett and Donald Heriot successfully operated the first gas laser , the first continuous - light laser , operating at an unprecedented accuracy and color purity . Also in 1960 , Dawon Kahng and Martin Atalla invented the metal oxide semiconductor field - effect transistor ( MOSFET ) ; the MOSFET has achieved electronic hegemony and sustains the large - scale integrated circuits ( LSIs ) underlying today 's information society . In 1962 , the electret microphone was invented by Gerhard M. Sessler and James Edward Maceo West . Also in 1962 , John R. Pierce 's vision of communications satellites was realized by the launch of Telstar . In 1964 , the Carbon dioxide laser was invented by Kumar Patel . In 1965 , Penzias and Wilson discovered the cosmic microwave background , for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1978 . Frank W. Sinden , Edward E. Zajac , Kenneth C. Knowlton , and A. Michael Noll made computer - animated movies during the early to mid-1960s . Ken C. Knowlton invented the computer animation language BEFLIX . The first digital computer art was created in 1962 by Noll . In 1966 , Orthogonal frequency - division multiplexing ( OFDM ) , a key technology in wireless services , was developed and patented by R.W. Chang . In 1968 , Molecular beam epitaxy was developed by J.R. Arthur and A.Y. Cho ; molecular beam epitaxy allows semiconductor chips and laser matrices to be manufactured one atomic layer at a time . In 1969 , Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson created the computer operating system UNIX for the support of telecommunication switching systems as well as general purpose computing . From 1969 to 1971 , Aaron Marcus , the first graphic designer involved with computer graphics , researched , designed , and programmed a prototype interactive page - layout system for the Picturephone . In 1969 , the charge - coupled device ( CCD ) was invented by Willard Boyle and George E. Smith , for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2009 . In the 1960s , the New York City site was sold and became the Westbeth Artists Community complex . </P>
<P> In December 1960 , Ali Javan and his associates William Bennett and Donald Heriot successfully operated the first gas laser , the first continuous - light laser , operating at an unprecedented accuracy and color purity . Also in 1960 , Dawon Kahng and Martin Atalla invented the metal oxide semiconductor field - effect transistor ( MOSFET ) ; the MOSFET has achieved electronic hegemony and sustains the large - scale integrated circuits ( LSIs ) underlying today 's information society . In 1962 , the electret microphone was invented by Gerhard M. Sessler and James Edward Maceo West . Also in 1962 , John R. Pierce 's vision of communications satellites was realized by the launch of Telstar . In 1964 , the Carbon dioxide laser was invented by Kumar Patel . In 1965 , Penzias and Wilson discovered the cosmic microwave background , for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1978 . Frank W. Sinden , Edward E. Zajac , Kenneth C. Knowlton , and A. Michael Noll made computer - animated movies during the early to mid-1960s . Ken C. Knowlton invented the computer animation language BEFLIX . The first digital computer art was created in 1962 by Noll . In 1966 , Orthogonal frequency - division multiplexing ( OFDM ) , a key technology in wireless services , was developed and patented by R.W. Chang . In 1968 , Molecular beam epitaxy was developed by J.R. Arthur and A.Y. Cho ; molecular beam epitaxy allows semiconductor chips and laser matrices to be manufactured one atomic layer at a time . In 1969 , Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson created the computer operating system UNIX for the support of telecommunication switching systems as well as general purpose computing . From 1969 to 1971 , Aaron Marcus , the first graphic designer involved with computer graphics , researched , designed , and programmed a prototype interactive page - layout system for the Picturephone . In 1969 , the charge - coupled device ( CCD ) was invented by Willard Boyle and George E. Smith , for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2009 . In the 1960s , the New York City site was sold and became the Westbeth Artists Community complex . </P>
operating system developed in 1969 at at&t 's bell laboratories
operating system developed in 1969 at at&t 's bell laboratories
UNIX
UNIX