<P> The observer - expectancy effect ( also called the experimenter - expectancy effect , expectancy bias , observer effect , or experimenter effect ) is a form of reactivity in which a researcher 's cognitive bias causes them to subconsciously influence the participants of an experiment . Confirmation bias can lead to the experimenter interpreting results incorrectly because of the tendency to look for information that conforms to their hypothesis , and overlook information that argues against it . It is a significant threat to a study 's internal validity , and is therefore typically controlled using a double - blind experimental design . </P>
<P> The observer - expectancy effect ( also called the experimenter - expectancy effect , expectancy bias , observer effect , or experimenter effect ) is a form of reactivity in which a researcher 's cognitive bias causes them to subconsciously influence the participants of an experiment . Confirmation bias can lead to the experimenter interpreting results incorrectly because of the tendency to look for information that conforms to their hypothesis , and overlook information that argues against it . It is a significant threat to a study 's internal validity , and is therefore typically controlled using a double - blind experimental design . </P>
what is it called when the results are influenced by expectations of the researcher
what is it called when the results are influenced by expectations of the researcher
observer - expectancy effect experimenter - expectancy effect expectancy bias observer effect experimenter effect
observer - expectancy effect experimenter - expectancy effect expectancy bias observer effect experimenter effect