<P> After Quang Trung 's death , the Tây Sơn dynasty became unstable as the remaining brothers fought against each other and against the people who were loyal to Nguyễn Huệ 's infant son . Nguyễn Ánh sailed north in 1799 , capturing Tây Sơn 's stronghold Qui Nhơn . In 1801 , his force took Phú Xuân , the Tây Sơn capital . Nguyễn Ánh finally won the war in 1802 , when he sieged Thăng Long ( Hanoi ) and executed Nguyễn Huệ 's son , Nguyễn Quang Toản , along with many Tây Sơn generals and officials . Nguyễn Ánh ascended the throne and called himself Emperor Gia Long . Gia is for Gia Định , the old name of Saigon ; Long is for Thăng Long , the old name of Hanoi . Hence Gia Long implied the unification of the country . The Nguyễn dynasty lasted until Bảo Đại 's abdication in 1945 . As China for centuries had referred to Đại Việt as Annam , Gia Long asked the Manchu Qing emperor to rename the country , from Annam to Nam Việt . To prevent any confusion of Gia Long 's kingdom with Triệu Đà 's ancient kingdom , the Manchu emperor reversed the order of the two words to Việt Nam . The name Vietnam is thus known to be used since Emperor Gia Long 's reign . Recently historians have found that this name had existed in older books in which Vietnamese referred to their country as Vietnam . </P>
<P> After Quang Trung 's death , the Tây Sơn dynasty became unstable as the remaining brothers fought against each other and against the people who were loyal to Nguyễn Huệ 's infant son . Nguyễn Ánh sailed north in 1799 , capturing Tây Sơn 's stronghold Qui Nhơn . In 1801 , his force took Phú Xuân , the Tây Sơn capital . Nguyễn Ánh finally won the war in 1802 , when he sieged Thăng Long ( Hanoi ) and executed Nguyễn Huệ 's son , Nguyễn Quang Toản , along with many Tây Sơn generals and officials . Nguyễn Ánh ascended the throne and called himself Emperor Gia Long . Gia is for Gia Định , the old name of Saigon ; Long is for Thăng Long , the old name of Hanoi . Hence Gia Long implied the unification of the country . The Nguyễn dynasty lasted until Bảo Đại 's abdication in 1945 . As China for centuries had referred to Đại Việt as Annam , Gia Long asked the Manchu Qing emperor to rename the country , from Annam to Nam Việt . To prevent any confusion of Gia Long 's kingdom with Triệu Đà 's ancient kingdom , the Manchu emperor reversed the order of the two words to Việt Nam . The name Vietnam is thus known to be used since Emperor Gia Long 's reign . Recently historians have found that this name had existed in older books in which Vietnamese referred to their country as Vietnam . </P>
who controlled vietnam during the late 1800s to 1954
who controlled vietnam during the late 1800s to 1954
The Nguyễn dynasty
The Nguyễn dynasty