<P> In 332 BC , Macedonian ruler Alexander the Great conquered Egypt as he toppled the Achaemenids and established the Hellenistic Ptolemaic Kingdom , whose first ruler was one of Alexander 's former generals , Ptolemy I Soter . The Ptolemies had to fight native rebellions and were involved in foreign and civil wars that led to the decline of the kingdom and its final annexation by Rome . The death of Cleopatra ended the nominal independence of Egypt resulting in Egypt becoming one of the provinces of the Roman Empire . </P>
<P> In 332 BC , Macedonian ruler Alexander the Great conquered Egypt as he toppled the Achaemenids and established the Hellenistic Ptolemaic Kingdom , whose first ruler was one of Alexander 's former generals , Ptolemy I Soter . The Ptolemies had to fight native rebellions and were involved in foreign and civil wars that led to the decline of the kingdom and its final annexation by Rome . The death of Cleopatra ended the nominal independence of Egypt resulting in Egypt becoming one of the provinces of the Roman Empire . </P>
in the 1st century bc egypt became a colony of
in the 1st century bc egypt became a colony of
the Roman Empire
the Roman Empire