[PAR] [TLE] Rosa Luxemburg [SEP]    (also "Rozalia Luxenburg"; Polish: "Róża Luksemburg" ; 5 March 1871 – 15 January 1919) was a German-Polish Marxist theorist, philosopher, economist, anti-war activist, and revolutionary socialist of Polish-Jewish descent who became a naturalized German citizen.  She was, successively, a member of the Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania (SDKPiL), the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), the Independent Social Democratic Party (USPD), and the Communist Party of Germany (KPD). [PAR] [TLE] Social Reform or Revolution [SEP] Social Reform or Revolution?  (German: "Sozialreform oder Revolution?" )  is an 1899 pamphlet by Polish-German Marxist theorist Rosa Luxemburg.  Luxemburg argues that trade unions, reformist political parties, and the expansion of social democracy, while important to the proletariat's development of class consciousness, cannot create a socialist society, as Eduard Bernstein, among others, argued.  Instead, she argues from a historical materialist perspective that capitalism is economically unsustainable and will eventually collapse, and that a revolution is necessary to transform capitalism into socialism.  The pamphlet was heavily influential in revolutionary socialist circles and, along with Luxemburg's other work, an important precursor to left communist theory.
[PAR] [TLE] Rosa Luxemburg [ SEP ] ( also " Rozalia Luxenburg " ; Polish : " Róża Luksemburg " ; 5 March 1871 – 15 January 1919 ) was a German - Polish Marxist theorist , philosopher , economist , anti - war activist , and revolutionary socialist of Polish - Jewish descent who became a naturalized German citizen . She was , successively , a member of the Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania ( SDKPiL ) , the Social Democratic Party of Germany ( SPD ) , the Independent Social Democratic Party ( USPD ) , and the Communist Party of Germany ( KPD ) . [PAR] [TLE] Social Reform or Revolution [ SEP ] Social Reform or Revolution ? ( German : " Sozialreform oder Revolution ? " ) is an 1899 pamphlet by Polish - German Marxist theorist Rosa Luxemburg . Luxemburg argues that trade unions , reformist political parties , and the expansion of social democracy , while important to the proletariat 's development of class consciousness , can not create a socialist society , as Eduard Bernstein , among others , argued . Instead , she argues from a historical materialist perspective that capitalism is economically unsustainable and will eventually collapse , and that a revolution is necessary to transform capitalism into socialism . The pamphlet was heavily influential in revolutionary socialist circles and , along with Luxemburg 's other work , an important precursor to left communist theory .
Social Reform or Revolution was written by the theorist who was of what descent?
Social Reform or Revolution was written by the theorist who was of what descent ?
Polish-Jewish
Polish-Jewish