<P> Recombination results in a new arrangement of maternal and paternal alleles on the same chromosome . Although the same genes appear in the same order , some alleles are different . In this way , it is theoretically possible to have any combination of parental alleles in an offspring , and the fact that two alleles appear together in one offspring does not have any influence on the statistical probability that another offspring will have the same combination . This principle of `` independent assortment '' of genes is fundamental to genetic inheritance . However , the frequency of recombination is actually not the same for all gene combinations . This leads to the notion of `` genetic distance '' , which is a measure of recombination frequency averaged over a ( suitably large ) sample of pedigrees . Loosely speaking , one may say that this is because recombination is greatly influenced by the proximity of one gene to another . If two genes are located close together on a chromosome , the likelihood that a recombination event will separate these two genes is less than if they were farther apart . Genetic linkage describes the tendency of genes to be inherited together as a result of their location on the same chromosome . Linkage disequilibrium describes a situation in which some combinations of genes or genetic markers occur more or less frequently in a population than would be expected from their distances apart . This concept is applied when searching for a gene that may cause a particular disease . This is done by comparing the occurrence of a specific DNA sequence with the appearance of a disease . When a high correlation between the two is found , it is likely that the appropriate gene sequence is really closer . </P>
<P> Recombination results in a new arrangement of maternal and paternal alleles on the same chromosome . Although the same genes appear in the same order , some alleles are different . In this way , it is theoretically possible to have any combination of parental alleles in an offspring , and the fact that two alleles appear together in one offspring does not have any influence on the statistical probability that another offspring will have the same combination . This principle of `` independent assortment '' of genes is fundamental to genetic inheritance . However , the frequency of recombination is actually not the same for all gene combinations . This leads to the notion of `` genetic distance '' , which is a measure of recombination frequency averaged over a ( suitably large ) sample of pedigrees . Loosely speaking , one may say that this is because recombination is greatly influenced by the proximity of one gene to another . If two genes are located close together on a chromosome , the likelihood that a recombination event will separate these two genes is less than if they were farther apart . Genetic linkage describes the tendency of genes to be inherited together as a result of their location on the same chromosome . Linkage disequilibrium describes a situation in which some combinations of genes or genetic markers occur more or less frequently in a population than would be expected from their distances apart . This concept is applied when searching for a gene that may cause a particular disease . This is done by comparing the occurrence of a specific DNA sequence with the appearance of a disease . When a high correlation between the two is found , it is likely that the appropriate gene sequence is really closer . </P>
what is the importance of crossing over in human genetics
what is the importance of crossing over in human genetics
a new arrangement of maternal and paternal alleles on the same chromosome
a new arrangement of maternal and paternal alleles on the same chromosome