[PAR] [TLE] Anti-intellectualism in American Life [SEP] Anti-intellectualism in American Life is a book by Richard Hofstadter published in 1963 that won the 1964 Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction.  In this book, Hofstadter set out to trace the social movements that altered the role of intellect in American society.  In so doing, he explored questions regarding the purpose of education and whether the democratization of education altered that purpose and reshaped its form.  In considering the historic tension between access to education and excellence in education, Hofstadter argued that both anti-intellectualism and utilitarianism were consequences, in part, of the democratization of knowledge.  Moreover, he saw these themes as historically embedded in America's national fabric, an outcome of its colonial European and evangelical Protestant heritage.  Anti-intellectualism and utilitarianism were functions of American cultural heritage, not necessarily of democracy. [PAR] [TLE] Tradition [SEP] A tradition is a belief or behavior passed down within a group or society with symbolic meaning or special significance with origins in the past.  Common examples include holidays or impractical but socially meaningful clothes (like lawyers' wigs or military officers' spurs), but the idea has also been applied to social norms such as greetings.  Traditions can persist and evolve for thousands of years—the word "tradition" itself derives from the Latin "tradere" literally meaning to transmit, to hand over, to give for safekeeping.  While it is commonly assumed that traditions have ancient history, many traditions have been invented on purpose, whether that be political or cultural, over short periods of time.  Various academic disciplines also use the word in a variety of ways.
[PAR] [TLE] Anti - intellectualism in American Life [ SEP ] Anti - intellectualism in American Life is a book by Richard Hofstadter published in 1963 that won the 1964 Pulitzer Prize for General Non - Fiction . In this book , Hofstadter set out to trace the social movements that altered the role of intellect in American society . In so doing , he explored questions regarding the purpose of education and whether the democratization of education altered that purpose and reshaped its form . In considering the historic tension between access to education and excellence in education , Hofstadter argued that both anti - intellectualism and utilitarianism were consequences , in part , of the democratization of knowledge . Moreover , he saw these themes as historically embedded in America 's national fabric , an outcome of its colonial European and evangelical Protestant heritage . Anti - intellectualism and utilitarianism were functions of American cultural heritage , not necessarily of democracy . [PAR] [TLE] Tradition [ SEP ] A tradition is a belief or behavior passed down within a group or society with symbolic meaning or special significance with origins in the past . Common examples include holidays or impractical but socially meaningful clothes ( like lawyers ' wigs or military officers ' spurs ) , but the idea has also been applied to social norms such as greetings . Traditions can persist and evolve for thousands of years — the word " tradition " itself derives from the Latin " tradere " literally meaning to transmit , to hand over , to give for safekeeping . While it is commonly assumed that traditions have ancient history , many traditions have been invented on purpose , whether that be political or cultural , over short periods of time . Various academic disciplines also use the word in a variety of ways .
Who was the author of Anti-intellectualism in American life, who argued that American tradition were based on it colonial European and Evangelical Protestant heritage?
Who was the author of Anti - intellectualism in American life , who argued that American tradition were based on it colonial European and Evangelical Protestant heritage ?
Richard Hofstadter
Richard Hofstadter