<Table> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Union of Soviet Socialist Republics </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Союз Советских Социалистических Республик Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1922 -- 1991 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Flag ( 1980 -- 1991 ) State Emblem </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Motto Workers of the world , unite ! Пролетарии всех стран , соединяйтесь ! ( Proletarii vsekh stran , soyedinyaytes ' ! Literally : Proletarians of all countries , unite ! ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Anthem The Internationale ( 1922 -- 1944 ) State Anthem of the Soviet Union ( 1944 -- 1956 ) State Anthem of the Soviet Union ( modified version ) ( 1977 -- 1991 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> The Soviet Union after World War II </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Capital </Td> <Td> Moscow </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Languages </Td> <Td> Russian ( de facto official ) Other languages ( show ) <Ul> <Li> <Ul> <Li> Ukrainian </Li> <Li> Belarusian </Li> <Li> Uzbek </Li> <Li> Kazakh </Li> <Li> Georgian </Li> <Li> Azerbaijani </Li> <Li> Lithuanian </Li> <Li> Moldovan </Li> <Li> Latvian </Li> <Li> Kyrgyz </Li> <Li> Tajik </Li> <Li> Armenian </Li> <Li> Turkmen </Li> <Li> Estonian </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Demonym </Td> <Td> Soviet , Russian </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Government </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Federal Marxist -- Leninist one - party socialist state ( 1922 -- 1990 ) </Li> <Li> Federal semi-presidential republic ( 1990 -- 1991 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> General Secretary </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1922 -- 1952 </Td> <Td> Joseph Stalin ( first ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1991 </Td> <Td> Vladimir Ivashko ( last ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Head of state </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1922 -- 1938 </Td> <Td> Mikhail Kalinin ( first ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1988 -- 1991 </Td> <Td> Mikhail Gorbachev ( last ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Head of government </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1922 -- 1924 </Td> <Td> Vladimir Lenin ( first ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1991 </Td> <Td> Ivan Silayev ( last ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Legislature </Td> <Td> Supreme Soviet </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Upper house </Td> <Td> Soviet of the Union </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Lower house </Td> <Td> Soviet of Nationalities </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Historical era </Td> <Td> 20th century </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Treaty of Creation </Td> <Td> 30 December 1922 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Admitted to the United Nations </Td> <Td> 25 October 1945 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Constitution adopted </Td> <Td> 9 October 1977 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Union dissolved </Td> <Td> 26 December 1991 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Area </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1991 </Td> <Td> 22,402,200 km ( 8,649,500 sq mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Population </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1991 est . </Td> <Td> 293,047,571 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Density </Td> <Td> 13 / km ( 34 / sq mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Currency </Td> <Td> Soviet ruble ( руб ) ( SUR ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Internet TLD </Td> <Td> . su </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Calling code </Td> <Td> + 7 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Preceded by </Td> <Td> Succeeded by </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Russian SFSR </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Transcaucasian SFSR </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Ukrainian SSR </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Byelorussian SSR </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Bukharan People 's Soviet Republic </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Khorezm People 's Soviet Republic </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Second Polish Republic </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Estonia </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Latvia </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Lithuania </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Kingdom of Romania </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Tuvan People 's Republic </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Russian Federation </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ukraine </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Belarus </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Armenia </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Azerbaijan </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Estonia </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Georgia </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kazakhstan </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kyrgyzstan </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Latvia </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Lithuania </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Moldova </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tajikistan </Td> <Td>
<Table> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Union of Soviet Socialist Republics </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Союз Советских Социалистических Республик Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1922 -- 1991 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Flag ( 1980 -- 1991 ) State Emblem </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Motto Workers of the world , unite ! Пролетарии всех стран , соединяйтесь ! ( Proletarii vsekh stran , soyedinyaytes ' ! Literally : Proletarians of all countries , unite ! ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Anthem The Internationale ( 1922 -- 1944 ) State Anthem of the Soviet Union ( 1944 -- 1956 ) State Anthem of the Soviet Union ( modified version ) ( 1977 -- 1991 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> The Soviet Union after World War II </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Capital </Td> <Td> Moscow </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Languages </Td> <Td> Russian ( de facto official ) Other languages ( show ) <Ul> <Li> <Ul> <Li> Ukrainian </Li> <Li> Belarusian </Li> <Li> Uzbek </Li> <Li> Kazakh </Li> <Li> Georgian </Li> <Li> Azerbaijani </Li> <Li> Lithuanian </Li> <Li> Moldovan </Li> <Li> Latvian </Li> <Li> Kyrgyz </Li> <Li> Tajik </Li> <Li> Armenian </Li> <Li> Turkmen </Li> <Li> Estonian </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Demonym </Td> <Td> Soviet , Russian </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Government </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Federal Marxist -- Leninist one - party socialist state ( 1922 -- 1990 ) </Li> <Li> Federal semi-presidential republic ( 1990 -- 1991 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> General Secretary </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1922 -- 1952 </Td> <Td> Joseph Stalin ( first ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1991 </Td> <Td> Vladimir Ivashko ( last ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Head of state </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1922 -- 1938 </Td> <Td> Mikhail Kalinin ( first ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1988 -- 1991 </Td> <Td> Mikhail Gorbachev ( last ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Head of government </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1922 -- 1924 </Td> <Td> Vladimir Lenin ( first ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1991 </Td> <Td> Ivan Silayev ( last ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Legislature </Td> <Td> Supreme Soviet </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Upper house </Td> <Td> Soviet of the Union </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Lower house </Td> <Td> Soviet of Nationalities </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Historical era </Td> <Td> 20th century </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Treaty of Creation </Td> <Td> 30 December 1922 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Admitted to the United Nations </Td> <Td> 25 October 1945 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Constitution adopted </Td> <Td> 9 October 1977 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Union dissolved </Td> <Td> 26 December 1991 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Area </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1991 </Td> <Td> 22,402,200 km ( 8,649,500 sq mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Population </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1991 est . </Td> <Td> 293,047,571 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Density </Td> <Td> 13 / km ( 34 / sq mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Currency </Td> <Td> Soviet ruble ( руб ) ( SUR ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Internet TLD </Td> <Td> . su </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Calling code </Td> <Td> + 7 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Preceded by </Td> <Td> Succeeded by </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Russian SFSR </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Transcaucasian SFSR </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Ukrainian SSR </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Byelorussian SSR </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Bukharan People 's Soviet Republic </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Khorezm People 's Soviet Republic </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Second Polish Republic </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Estonia </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Latvia </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Lithuania </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Kingdom of Romania </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Tuvan People 's Republic </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Russian Federation </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ukraine </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Belarus </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Armenia </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Azerbaijan </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Estonia </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Georgia </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kazakhstan </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kyrgyzstan </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Latvia </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Lithuania </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Moldova </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tajikistan </Td> <Td>
when did the soviet union change to russia
when did the soviet union change to russia
1991
1991