[PAR] [TLE] I. A. Richards [SEP] Ivor Armstrong Richards (26 February 1893 – 7 September 1979), known as I. A. Richards, was an English educator, literary critic, and rhetorician whose work contributed to the foundations of the New Criticism, a formalist movement in literary theory, which emphasized the close reading of a literary text, especially poetry, in an effort to discover how a work of literature functions as a self-contained, self-referential æsthetic object. [PAR] [TLE] Triangle of reference [SEP] The triangle of reference (also known as the triangle of meaning and the semiotic triangle) is a model of how linguistic symbols are related to the objects they represent.  The triangle was published in "The Meaning of Meaning" (1923) by Ogden and Richards.  While often referred to as the "Ogden/Richards triangle" the idea is also expressed in 1810, by Bernard Bolzano, in his "Beiträge zu einer begründeteren Darstellung der Mathematik".  However, the triangle can be traced back to the 4th century BC, in Aristotle's "Peri Hermeneias" (often referred to in its Latin translation "De Interpretatione", second book of his "Organon").  The Triangle relates to the problem of universals, a philosophical debate which split ancient and medieval philosophers (mainly realists and nominalists).
[PAR] [TLE] I. A. Richards [ SEP ] Ivor Armstrong Richards ( 26 February 1893 – 7 September 1979 ) , known as I. A. Richards , was an English educator , literary critic , and rhetorician whose work contributed to the foundations of the New Criticism , a formalist movement in literary theory , which emphasized the close reading of a literary text , especially poetry , in an effort to discover how a work of literature functions as a self - contained , self - referential æsthetic object . [PAR] [TLE] Triangle of reference [ SEP ] The triangle of reference ( also known as the triangle of meaning and the semiotic triangle ) is a model of how linguistic symbols are related to the objects they represent . The triangle was published in " The Meaning of Meaning " ( 1923 ) by Ogden and Richards . While often referred to as the " Ogden / Richards triangle " the idea is also expressed in 1810 , by Bernard Bolzano , in his " Beiträge zu einer begründeteren Darstellung der Mathematik " . However , the triangle can be traced back to the 4th century BC , in Aristotle 's " Peri Hermeneias " ( often referred to in its Latin translation " De Interpretatione " , second book of his " Organon " ) . The Triangle relates to the problem of universals , a philosophical debate which split ancient and medieval philosophers ( mainly realists and nominalists ) .
The Triangle of reference was a book published by what was often referred to as what?
The Triangle of reference was a book published by what was often referred to as what ?
Ogden/Richards triangle
Ogden/Richards triangle