[PAR] [TLE] Enigma machine [SEP] The Enigma machines were a series of electro-mechanical rotor cipher machines developed and used in the early- to mid-20th century to protect commercial, diplomatic and military communication.  Enigma was invented by the German engineer Arthur Scherbius at the end of World War I.  Early models were used commercially from the early 1920s, and adopted by military and government services of several countries, most notably Nazi Germany before and during World War II.  Several different Enigma models were produced, but the German military models, having a plugboard, were the most complex.  Japanese and Italian models were also in use. [PAR] [TLE] Eva Salier [SEP] Eva Salier, née Hellendag, (1923 – August 12, 2014).  A survivor of the Nazi Holocaust.  She has written a book about her experience during her enslavement by the Nazis: "The Survival of a Spirit", a summation of the hardships suffered by her s mall group of "girls" as they were forcibly moved from secret site to secret site where they worked on electronic gear, including sending tubes for the enigma coding machine and V-2 guidance systems.  As she tells the story, she worked in the first solid state transistors that would replace the tubes in the guidance system of the V-2.  But this has never seen the light of day.  The book was also translated into German as "Lebensweg einer Koblenzer Jüdin" and as "Ungebrochen durch die Hölle"
[PAR] [TLE] Enigma machine [ SEP ] The Enigma machines were a series of electro - mechanical rotor cipher machines developed and used in the early- to mid-20th century to protect commercial , diplomatic and military communication . Enigma was invented by the German engineer Arthur Scherbius at the end of World War I. Early models were used commercially from the early 1920s , and adopted by military and government services of several countries , most notably Nazi Germany before and during World War II . Several different Enigma models were produced , but the German military models , having a plugboard , were the most complex . Japanese and Italian models were also in use . [PAR] [TLE] Eva Salier [ SEP ] Eva Salier , née Hellendag , ( 1923 – August 12 , 2014 ) . A survivor of the Nazi Holocaust . She has written a book about her experience during her enslavement by the Nazis : " The Survival of a Spirit " , a summation of the hardships suffered by her s mall group of " girls " as they were forcibly moved from secret site to secret site where they worked on electronic gear , including sending tubes for the enigma coding machine and V-2 guidance systems . As she tells the story , she worked in the first solid state transistors that would replace the tubes in the guidance system of the V-2 . But this has never seen the light of day . The book was also translated into German as " Lebensweg einer Koblenzer Jüdin " and as " Ungebrochen durch die Hölle "
The coding machines Eva Salier worked on during the Holocaust were invented by whom?
The coding machines Eva Salier worked on during the Holocaust were invented by whom ?
Arthur Scherbius
Arthur Scherbius