[PAR] [TLE] Italian city-states [SEP] The Italian city-states were a political phenomenon of small independent states mostly in the central and northern Italian peninsula between the 9th and 15th centuries. [PAR] [TLE] Guelphs and Ghibellines [SEP] The Guelphs and Ghibellines ( ; , also , ; Italian: "guelfi e ghibellini" ] ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of central and northern Italy.  During the 12th and 13th centuries, rivalry between these two parties formed a particularly important aspect of the internal politics of medieval Italy.  The struggle for power between the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire had arisen with the Investiture Controversy, which began in 1075 and ended with the Concordat of Worms in 1122.  The division between the Guelphs and Ghibellines in Italy, however, persisted until the 15th century.
[PAR] [TLE] Italian city - states [ SEP ] The Italian city - states were a political phenomenon of small independent states mostly in the central and northern Italian peninsula between the 9th and 15th centuries . [PAR] [TLE] Guelphs and Ghibellines [ SEP ] The Guelphs and Ghibellines ( ; , also , ; Italian : " guelfi e ghibellini " ] ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor , respectively , in the Italian city - states of central and northern Italy . During the 12th and 13th centuries , rivalry between these two parties formed a particularly important aspect of the internal politics of medieval Italy . The struggle for power between the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire had arisen with the Investiture Controversy , which began in 1075 and ended with the Concordat of Worms in 1122 . The division between the Guelphs and Ghibellines in Italy , however , persisted until the 15th century .
Guelphs and Ghibellines supported the Pope during which time frame?
Guelphs and Ghibellines supported the Pope during which time frame ?
9th and 15th centuries
9th and 15th centuries