[PAR] [TLE] David Souter [SEP] David Hackett Souter ( ; born September 17, 1939) is a retired Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.  He served from October 1990 until his retirement in June 2009.  Appointed by President George H. W. Bush to fill the seat vacated by William J. Brennan, Jr., Souter sat on both the Rehnquist and Roberts courts and came to vote reliably with the court's liberal members. [PAR] [TLE] Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly [SEP] Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544 (2007) , was a decision of the Supreme Court of the United States involving antitrust law and civil procedure.  Authored by Justice David Souter, it established that parallel conduct, absent evidence of agreement, is insufficient to sustain an antitrust action under § 1 of the Sherman Act.  It also heightened the pleading requirement for Federal civil cases, requiring that plaintiffs include enough facts in their complaint to make it plausible—not merely possible or conceivable—that they will be able to prove facts to support their claims.  This latter change in the law has been met with a great deal of controversy in legal circles, evidenced by the dissenting opinion from Justice John Paul Stevens.
[PAR] [TLE] David Souter [ SEP ] David Hackett Souter ( ; born September 17 , 1939 ) is a retired Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States . He served from October 1990 until his retirement in June 2009 . Appointed by President George H. W. Bush to fill the seat vacated by William J. Brennan , Jr. , Souter sat on both the Rehnquist and Roberts courts and came to vote reliably with the court 's liberal members . [PAR] [TLE] Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly [ SEP ] Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly , 550 U.S. 544 ( 2007 ) , was a decision of the Supreme Court of the United States involving antitrust law and civil procedure . Authored by Justice David Souter , it established that parallel conduct , absent evidence of agreement , is insufficient to sustain an antitrust action under § 1 of the Sherman Act . It also heightened the pleading requirement for Federal civil cases , requiring that plaintiffs include enough facts in their complaint to make it plausible — not merely possible or conceivable — that they will be able to prove facts to support their claims . This latter change in the law has been met with a great deal of controversy in legal circles , evidenced by the dissenting opinion from Justice John Paul Stevens .
When did the author of Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly start serving on the Supreme Court?
When did the author of Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly start serving on the Supreme Court ?
October 1990
October 1990