[PAR] [TLE] Constantine Samuel Rafinesque [SEP] Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz, as he is known in Europe (October 22, 1783 – September 18, 1840), was a nineteenth-century polymath born near Constantinople in the Ottoman Empire and self-educated in France.  He traveled as a young man in the United States, ultimately settling in Ohio in 1815, where he made notable contributions to botany, zoology, and the study of prehistoric earthworks in North America.  He also contributed to the study of ancient Mesoamerican linguistics, in addition to work he had already completed in Europe. [PAR] [TLE] Walam Olum [SEP] The Walam Olum or Walum Olum, usually translated as "Red Record" or "Red Score," is purportedly a historical narrative of the Lenape (Delaware) Native American tribe.  The document has provoked controversy as to its authenticity since its publication in the 1830s by botanist and antiquarian Constantine Samuel Rafinesque.  Ethnographic studies in the 1980s and analysis in the 1990s of Rafinesque's manuscripts have produced significant evidence that the document is a hoax.  Some Delaware people, however, believe Rafinesque based his writing on actual Lenape stories.
[PAR] [TLE] Constantine Samuel Rafinesque [ SEP ] Constantine Samuel Rafinesque - Schmaltz , as he is known in Europe ( October 22 , 1783 – September 18 , 1840 ) , was a nineteenth - century polymath born near Constantinople in the Ottoman Empire and self - educated in France . He traveled as a young man in the United States , ultimately settling in Ohio in 1815 , where he made notable contributions to botany , zoology , and the study of prehistoric earthworks in North America . He also contributed to the study of ancient Mesoamerican linguistics , in addition to work he had already completed in Europe . [PAR] [TLE] Walam Olum [ SEP ] The Walam Olum or Walum Olum , usually translated as " Red Record " or " Red Score , " is purportedly a historical narrative of the Lenape ( Delaware ) Native American tribe . The document has provoked controversy as to its authenticity since its publication in the 1830s by botanist and antiquarian Constantine Samuel Rafinesque . Ethnographic studies in the 1980s and analysis in the 1990s of Rafinesque 's manuscripts have produced significant evidence that the document is a hoax . Some Delaware people , however , believe Rafinesque based his writing on actual Lenape stories .
The Walam Olum document has provoked controversy as to its authenticity since its publication by a  botanist and antiquarian who settled in Ohio in what year?
The Walam Olum document has provoked controversy as to its authenticity since its publication by a botanist and antiquarian who settled in Ohio in what year ?
1815
1815