The phase of reflection of electromagnetic waves depends on the polarization of the incident wave. Given the larger refractive index of the ground (typically n=2) compared to air (n=1), the phase of horizontally polarized radiation is reversed upon reflection (a phase shift of  radians or 180°). On the other hand, the vertical component of the wave's electric field is reflected at grazing angles of incidence approximately in phase. These phase shifts apply as well to a ground modelled as a good electrical conductor.
The phase of reflection of electromagnetic waves depends on the polarization of the incident wave . Given the larger refractive index of the ground ( typically n=2 ) compared to air ( n=1 ) , the phase of horizontally polarized radiation is reversed upon reflection ( a phase shift of radians or 180 ° ) . On the other hand , the vertical component of the wave 's electric field is reflected at grazing angles of incidence approximately in phase . These phase shifts apply as well to a ground modelled as a good electrical conductor .
What is the refractive index of air?
What is the refractive index of air ?
n=1
n=1