<P> The benthic zone is the ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water such as an ocean or a lake , including the sediment surface and some sub-surface layers . Organisms living in this zone are called benthos , e.g. the benthic invertebrate community , including crustaceans and polychaetes . The organisms generally live in close relationship with the substrate bottom and many are permanently attached to the bottom . The superficial layer of the soil lining the given body of water , the benthic boundary layer , is an integral part of the benthic zone , as it greatly influences the biological activity that takes place there . Examples of contact soil layers include sand bottoms , rocky outcrops , coral , and bay mud . </P>
<P> The benthic zone is the ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water such as an ocean or a lake , including the sediment surface and some sub-surface layers . Organisms living in this zone are called benthos , e.g. the benthic invertebrate community , including crustaceans and polychaetes . The organisms generally live in close relationship with the substrate bottom and many are permanently attached to the bottom . The superficial layer of the soil lining the given body of water , the benthic boundary layer , is an integral part of the benthic zone , as it greatly influences the biological activity that takes place there . Examples of contact soil layers include sand bottoms , rocky outcrops , coral , and bay mud . </P>
where do benthic organisms live in aquatic ecosystems
where do benthic organisms live in aquatic ecosystems
at the lowest level of a body of water
at the lowest level of a body of water