<P> In humans , the kidneys are located high in the abdominal cavity , one on each side of the spine , and lie in a retroperitoneal position at a slightly oblique angle . The asymmetry within the abdominal cavity , caused by the position of the liver , typically results in the right kidney being slightly lower and smaller than the left , and being placed slightly more to the middle than the left kidney . The left kidney is approximately at the vertebral level T12 to L3 , and the right is slightly lower . The right kidney sits just below the diaphragm and posterior to the liver . The left sits below the diaphragm and posterior to the spleen . On top of each kidney is an adrenal gland . The upper parts of the kidneys are partially protected by the 11th and 12th ribs . Each kidney , with its adrenal gland is surrounded by two layers of fat : the perinephric fat present between renal fascia and renal capsule and paranephric fat superior to the renal fascia . </P>
<P> In humans , the kidneys are located high in the abdominal cavity , one on each side of the spine , and lie in a retroperitoneal position at a slightly oblique angle . The asymmetry within the abdominal cavity , caused by the position of the liver , typically results in the right kidney being slightly lower and smaller than the left , and being placed slightly more to the middle than the left kidney . The left kidney is approximately at the vertebral level T12 to L3 , and the right is slightly lower . The right kidney sits just below the diaphragm and posterior to the liver . The left sits below the diaphragm and posterior to the spleen . On top of each kidney is an adrenal gland . The upper parts of the kidneys are partially protected by the 11th and 12th ribs . Each kidney , with its adrenal gland is surrounded by two layers of fat : the perinephric fat present between renal fascia and renal capsule and paranephric fat superior to the renal fascia . </P>
where are the kidneys on a human body
where are the kidneys on a human body
high in the abdominal cavity , one on each side of the spine ,
high in the abdominal cavity , one on each side of the spine ,