<P> Long - term endurance training induces many physiological adaptations both centrally and peripherally mediated . Central cardiovascular adaptations include decreased heart rate , increased stroke volume of the heart , increased blood plasma , without any major changes in red blood cell count , which reduces blood viscosity and increased cardiac output as well as total mitochondrial volume in the muscle fibers used in the training ( i.e. the thigh muscles in runners will have more mitochondria than the thigh muscles of swimmers ) . Mitochondria increase in both number and size and there are similar increases in myoglobin and oxidative enzymes . Adaptations of the peripheral include capillarization , that is an increase in the surface area that both the venous and arterial capillaries supply . This also allows for increased heat dissipation during strenuous exercise . The muscles heighten their glycogen and fat storing capabilities in endurance athletes in order to increase the length in time in which they can perform work . Endurance training primarily work the slow twitch ( type 1 ) fibers and develop such fibers in their efficiency and resistance to fatigue . Catabolism also improves increasing the athletes capacity to use fat and glycogen stores as an energy source . These metabolic processes are known as glycogenolysis , glycolysis and lipolysis . There is higher efficiency in oxygen transport and distribution . In recent years it has been recognized that oxidative enzymes such as succinate dehydrogenase ( SDH ) that enable mitochondria to break down nutrients to form ATP increase by 2.5 times in well trained endurance athletes In addition to SDH , myoglobin increases by 75 - 80 % in well trained endurance athletes . </P>
<P> Long - term endurance training induces many physiological adaptations both centrally and peripherally mediated . Central cardiovascular adaptations include decreased heart rate , increased stroke volume of the heart , increased blood plasma , without any major changes in red blood cell count , which reduces blood viscosity and increased cardiac output as well as total mitochondrial volume in the muscle fibers used in the training ( i.e. the thigh muscles in runners will have more mitochondria than the thigh muscles of swimmers ) . Mitochondria increase in both number and size and there are similar increases in myoglobin and oxidative enzymes . Adaptations of the peripheral include capillarization , that is an increase in the surface area that both the venous and arterial capillaries supply . This also allows for increased heat dissipation during strenuous exercise . The muscles heighten their glycogen and fat storing capabilities in endurance athletes in order to increase the length in time in which they can perform work . Endurance training primarily work the slow twitch ( type 1 ) fibers and develop such fibers in their efficiency and resistance to fatigue . Catabolism also improves increasing the athletes capacity to use fat and glycogen stores as an energy source . These metabolic processes are known as glycogenolysis , glycolysis and lipolysis . There is higher efficiency in oxygen transport and distribution . In recent years it has been recognized that oxidative enzymes such as succinate dehydrogenase ( SDH ) that enable mitochondria to break down nutrients to form ATP increase by 2.5 times in well trained endurance athletes In addition to SDH , myoglobin increases by 75 - 80 % in well trained endurance athletes . </P>
what effect will endurance training have on oxidative enzymes
what effect will endurance training have on oxidative enzymes
increase
increase