<P> To obtain a search warrant , an officer must prove to a magistrate or judge that probable cause exists for the proposed search , based upon direct information ( i.e. , the officer 's personal observation ) or other reliable information . An application for a search warrant will often rely upon hearsay information , such as information obtained from a confidential informant , as long as probable cause exists based on the totality of the circumstances . Police can seize both property and persons under a search warrant . The rationale is that evidence police collect without a search warrant may not be sufficient to convict , but may be sufficient to suggest that a warrant would allow police to find enough evidence to convict . </P>
<P> To obtain a search warrant , an officer must prove to a magistrate or judge that probable cause exists for the proposed search , based upon direct information ( i.e. , the officer 's personal observation ) or other reliable information . An application for a search warrant will often rely upon hearsay information , such as information obtained from a confidential informant , as long as probable cause exists based on the totality of the circumstances . Police can seize both property and persons under a search warrant . The rationale is that evidence police collect without a search warrant may not be sufficient to convict , but may be sufficient to suggest that a warrant would allow police to find enough evidence to convict . </P>
who has the power to issue a search warrant or a warrant of arrest
who has the power to issue a search warrant or a warrant of arrest
magistrate judge
magistrate judge