<Table> Abundance of chemical elements in Earth 's crust , from various sources <Tr> <Th> Rank </Th> <Th colspan="3"> Z , element & symbol </Th> <Th colspan="5"> Abundance in crust ( ppm ) by source </Th> <Th> Annual production </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> Darling </Th> <Th> Barbalace </Th> <Th> WebElements </Th> <Th> Israel Science and Technology </Th> <Th> Jefferson Lab </Th> <Th> ( 2016 , tonnes ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 8 </Td> <Td> oxygen </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 466,000 </Td> <Td> 474,000 </Td> <Td> 460,000 </Td> <Td> 467,100 </Td> <Td> 461,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 14 </Td> <Td> silicon </Td> <Td> Si </Td> <Td> 277,200 </Td> <Td> 277,100 </Td> <Td> 270,000 </Td> <Td> 276,900 </Td> <Td> 282,000 </Td> <Td> 7,200,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> aluminium </Td> <Td> Al </Td> <Td> 81,300 </Td> <Td> 82,000 </Td> <Td> 82,000 </Td> <Td> 80,700 </Td> <Td> 82,300 </Td> <Td> 57,600,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 26 </Td> <Td> iron </Td> <Td> Fe </Td> <Td> 50,000 </Td> <Td> 41,000 </Td> <Td> 63,000 </Td> <Td> 50,500 </Td> <Td> 56,300 </Td> <Td> 1,150,000,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> 20 </Td> <Td> calcium </Td> <Td> Ca </Td> <Td> 36,300 </Td> <Td> 41,000 </Td> <Td> 50,000 </Td> <Td> 36,500 </Td> <Td> 41,500 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 </Td> <Td> 11 </Td> <Td> sodium </Td> <Td> Na </Td> <Td> 28,300 </Td> <Td> 23,000 </Td> <Td> 23,000 </Td> <Td> 27,500 </Td> <Td> 23,600 </Td> <Td> 255,000,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 </Td> <Td> 19 </Td> <Td> potassium </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 25,900 </Td> <Td> 21,000 </Td> <Td> 15,000 </Td> <Td> 25,800 </Td> <Td> 20,900 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 </Td> <Td> 12 </Td> <Td> magnesium </Td> <Td> Mg </Td> <Td> 20,900 </Td> <Td> 23,000 </Td> <Td> 29,000 </Td> <Td> 20,800 </Td> <Td> 23,300 </Td> <Td> 1,010,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 </Td> <Td> 22 </Td> <Td> titanium </Td> <Td> Ti </Td> <Td> 4,400 </Td> <Td> 5,600 </Td> <Td> 6,600 </Td> <Td> 6,200 </Td> <Td> 5,600 </Td> <Td> 6,600,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> hydrogen </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1,400 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1,500 </Td> <Td> 1,400 </Td> <Td> 1,400 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 </Td> <Td> 15 </Td> <Td> phosphorus </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1,200 </Td> <Td> 1,000 </Td> <Td> 1,000 </Td> <Td> 1,300 </Td> <Td> 1,050 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 </Td> <Td> 25 </Td> <Td> manganese </Td> <Td> Mn </Td> <Td> 1,000 </Td> <Td> 950 </Td> <Td> 1,100 </Td> <Td> 900 </Td> <Td> 950 </Td> <Td> 16,000,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> 9 </Td> <Td> fluorine </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 800 </Td> <Td> 950 </Td> <Td> 540 </Td> <Td> 290 </Td> <Td> 585 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 14 </Td> <Td> 56 </Td> <Td> barium </Td> <Td> Ba </Td> <Td> 500 </Td> <Td> 340 </Td> <Td> 340 </Td> <Td> 500 </Td> <Td> 425 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 </Td> <Td> 6 </Td> <Td> carbon </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 300 </Td> <Td> 480 </Td> <Td> 1,800 </Td> <Td> 940 </Td> <Td> 200 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 </Td> <Td> 38 </Td> <Td> strontium </Td> <Td> Sr </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 370 </Td> <Td> 360 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 370 </Td> <Td> 350,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 </Td> <Td> 16 </Td> <Td> sulfur </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 500 </Td> <Td> 260 </Td> <Td> 420 </Td> <Td> 520 </Td> <Td> 350 </Td> <Td> 69,300,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 18 </Td> <Td> 40 </Td> <Td> zirconium </Td> <Td> Zr </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 190 </Td> <Td> 130 </Td> <Td> 250 </Td> <Td> 165 </Td> <Td> 1,460,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 19 </Td> <Td> 74 </Td> <Td> tungsten </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 160.6 </Td> <Td> 1.1 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1.25 </Td> <Td> 86,400 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 20 </Td> <Td> 23 </Td> <Td> vanadium </Td> <Td> V </Td> <Td> 100 </Td> <Td> 160 </Td> <Td> 190 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 120 </Td> <Td> 76,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 21 </Td> <Td> 17 </Td> <Td> chlorine </Td> <Td> Cl </Td> <Td> 500 </Td> <Td> 130 </Td> <Td> 170 </Td> <Td> 450 </Td> <Td> 145 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 22 </Td> <Td> 24 </Td> <Td> chromium </Td> <Td> Cr </Td> <Td> 100 </Td> <Td> 100 </Td> <Td> 140 </Td> <Td> 350 </Td> <Td> 102 </Td> <Td> 26,000,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 23 </Td> <Td> 37 </Td> <Td> rubidium </Td> <Td> Rb </Td> <Td> 300 </Td> <Td> 90 </Td> <Td> 60 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 90 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 24 </Td> <Td> 28 </Td> <Td> nickel </Td> <Td> Ni </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 80 </Td>
<Table> Abundance of chemical elements in Earth 's crust , from various sources <Tr> <Th> Rank </Th> <Th colspan="3"> Z , element & symbol </Th> <Th colspan="5"> Abundance in crust ( ppm ) by source </Th> <Th> Annual production </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> Darling </Th> <Th> Barbalace </Th> <Th> WebElements </Th> <Th> Israel Science and Technology </Th> <Th> Jefferson Lab </Th> <Th> ( 2016 , tonnes ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 8 </Td> <Td> oxygen </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 466,000 </Td> <Td> 474,000 </Td> <Td> 460,000 </Td> <Td> 467,100 </Td> <Td> 461,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 14 </Td> <Td> silicon </Td> <Td> Si </Td> <Td> 277,200 </Td> <Td> 277,100 </Td> <Td> 270,000 </Td> <Td> 276,900 </Td> <Td> 282,000 </Td> <Td> 7,200,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> aluminium </Td> <Td> Al </Td> <Td> 81,300 </Td> <Td> 82,000 </Td> <Td> 82,000 </Td> <Td> 80,700 </Td> <Td> 82,300 </Td> <Td> 57,600,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 26 </Td> <Td> iron </Td> <Td> Fe </Td> <Td> 50,000 </Td> <Td> 41,000 </Td> <Td> 63,000 </Td> <Td> 50,500 </Td> <Td> 56,300 </Td> <Td> 1,150,000,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> 20 </Td> <Td> calcium </Td> <Td> Ca </Td> <Td> 36,300 </Td> <Td> 41,000 </Td> <Td> 50,000 </Td> <Td> 36,500 </Td> <Td> 41,500 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 </Td> <Td> 11 </Td> <Td> sodium </Td> <Td> Na </Td> <Td> 28,300 </Td> <Td> 23,000 </Td> <Td> 23,000 </Td> <Td> 27,500 </Td> <Td> 23,600 </Td> <Td> 255,000,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 </Td> <Td> 19 </Td> <Td> potassium </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 25,900 </Td> <Td> 21,000 </Td> <Td> 15,000 </Td> <Td> 25,800 </Td> <Td> 20,900 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 </Td> <Td> 12 </Td> <Td> magnesium </Td> <Td> Mg </Td> <Td> 20,900 </Td> <Td> 23,000 </Td> <Td> 29,000 </Td> <Td> 20,800 </Td> <Td> 23,300 </Td> <Td> 1,010,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 </Td> <Td> 22 </Td> <Td> titanium </Td> <Td> Ti </Td> <Td> 4,400 </Td> <Td> 5,600 </Td> <Td> 6,600 </Td> <Td> 6,200 </Td> <Td> 5,600 </Td> <Td> 6,600,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> hydrogen </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1,400 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1,500 </Td> <Td> 1,400 </Td> <Td> 1,400 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 </Td> <Td> 15 </Td> <Td> phosphorus </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1,200 </Td> <Td> 1,000 </Td> <Td> 1,000 </Td> <Td> 1,300 </Td> <Td> 1,050 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 </Td> <Td> 25 </Td> <Td> manganese </Td> <Td> Mn </Td> <Td> 1,000 </Td> <Td> 950 </Td> <Td> 1,100 </Td> <Td> 900 </Td> <Td> 950 </Td> <Td> 16,000,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> 9 </Td> <Td> fluorine </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 800 </Td> <Td> 950 </Td> <Td> 540 </Td> <Td> 290 </Td> <Td> 585 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 14 </Td> <Td> 56 </Td> <Td> barium </Td> <Td> Ba </Td> <Td> 500 </Td> <Td> 340 </Td> <Td> 340 </Td> <Td> 500 </Td> <Td> 425 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 </Td> <Td> 6 </Td> <Td> carbon </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 300 </Td> <Td> 480 </Td> <Td> 1,800 </Td> <Td> 940 </Td> <Td> 200 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 </Td> <Td> 38 </Td> <Td> strontium </Td> <Td> Sr </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 370 </Td> <Td> 360 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 370 </Td> <Td> 350,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 </Td> <Td> 16 </Td> <Td> sulfur </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 500 </Td> <Td> 260 </Td> <Td> 420 </Td> <Td> 520 </Td> <Td> 350 </Td> <Td> 69,300,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 18 </Td> <Td> 40 </Td> <Td> zirconium </Td> <Td> Zr </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 190 </Td> <Td> 130 </Td> <Td> 250 </Td> <Td> 165 </Td> <Td> 1,460,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 19 </Td> <Td> 74 </Td> <Td> tungsten </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 160.6 </Td> <Td> 1.1 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1.25 </Td> <Td> 86,400 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 20 </Td> <Td> 23 </Td> <Td> vanadium </Td> <Td> V </Td> <Td> 100 </Td> <Td> 160 </Td> <Td> 190 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 120 </Td> <Td> 76,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 21 </Td> <Td> 17 </Td> <Td> chlorine </Td> <Td> Cl </Td> <Td> 500 </Td> <Td> 130 </Td> <Td> 170 </Td> <Td> 450 </Td> <Td> 145 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 22 </Td> <Td> 24 </Td> <Td> chromium </Td> <Td> Cr </Td> <Td> 100 </Td> <Td> 100 </Td> <Td> 140 </Td> <Td> 350 </Td> <Td> 102 </Td> <Td> 26,000,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 23 </Td> <Td> 37 </Td> <Td> rubidium </Td> <Td> Rb </Td> <Td> 300 </Td> <Td> 90 </Td> <Td> 60 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 90 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 24 </Td> <Td> 28 </Td> <Td> nickel </Td> <Td> Ni </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 80 </Td>
the second most abundant metal available on this earth crust is
the second most abundant metal available on this earth crust is
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