<P> Sumer ( / ˈsuːmər / ) is the earliest known civilization in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia , modern - day southern Iraq , during the Chalcolithic and Early Bronze ages , and arguably the first civilization in the world with Ancient Egypt and the Indus Valley . Living along the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates , Sumerian farmers were able to grow an abundance of grain and other crops , the surplus of which enabled them to settle in one place . Proto - writing in the prehistory dates back to c. 3000 BC . The earliest texts come from the cities of Uruk and Jemdet Nasr and date back to 3300 BC ; early cuneiform script writing emerged in 3000 BC . </P>
<P> Sumer ( / ˈsuːmər / ) is the earliest known civilization in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia , modern - day southern Iraq , during the Chalcolithic and Early Bronze ages , and arguably the first civilization in the world with Ancient Egypt and the Indus Valley . Living along the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates , Sumerian farmers were able to grow an abundance of grain and other crops , the surplus of which enabled them to settle in one place . Proto - writing in the prehistory dates back to c. 3000 BC . The earliest texts come from the cities of Uruk and Jemdet Nasr and date back to 3300 BC ; early cuneiform script writing emerged in 3000 BC . </P>
where did most sumerians live after about 3000 bc
where did most sumerians live after about 3000 bc
Sumer
Sumer