<Ul> <Li> 13 May 1787 -- The 11 ships of the First Fleet leave Portsmouth under the command of Captain Arthur Phillip . Different accounts give varying numbers of passengers but the fleet consisted of at least 1,350 persons of whom 780 were convicts and 570 were free men , women and children and the number included four companies of marines . About 20 % of the convicts were women and the oldest convict was 82 . About 50 % of the convicts had been tried in Middlesex and most of the rest were tried in the county assizes of Devon , Kent and Sussex </Li> <Li> 18 January 1788 -- The First Fleet arrived in Botany Bay but the landing party was not impressed with the site , and moved the fleet to Port Jackson , landing in Sydney Cove on 26 January 1788 ( now celebrated as Australia Day ) </Li> <Li> April 1789 -- A suspicious outbreak of smallpox decimates local tribes . Research by Michael J Bennett published in 2009 , corroborated independently by Christopher Warren in 2013 , demonstrates this outbreak was most likely deliberate . </Li> <Li> 1790 -- the Second Fleet of convicts arrives in Sydney Cove . </Li> <Li> 1791 -- Third Fleet of convicts arrives </Li> <Li> 1793 -- January : the first free settlers arrive in NSW . </Li> <Li> 1793 -- March -- April : visit of the expedition led by Alessandro Malaspina . </Li> <Li> 1825 - May : Founding of Brisbane </Li> <Li> 14 June 1825 -- the colony of Van Diemen 's Land is established in its own right ; its name is officially changed to Tasmania on 1 January 1856 . The first settlement was made at Risdon , Tasmania on 11 September 1803 when Lieut John Bowen landed with about 50 settlers , crew , soldiers and convicts . The site proved unsuitable and was abandoned in August 1804 . Lieut - Col David Collins finally established a successful settlement at Hobart in February 1804 with a party of about 260 people , including 178 convicts . ( Collins had previously attempted a settlement in Victoria . ) Convict ships were sent from England directly to the colony from 1812 to 1853 and over the 50 years from 1803 -- 1853 around 67,000 convicts were transported to Tasmania . About 14,492 were Irish but many of them had been sentenced in English and Scottish courts . Some were also tried locally in other Australian colonies . The Indefatigable brought the first convicts direct from England on 19 October 1812 and by 1820 there were about 2,500 convicts in the colony . By the end of 1833 the number had increased to 14,900 convicts of whom 1864 were females . About 1,448 held ticket of leave , 6,573 were assigned to settlers and 275 were recorded as `` absconded or missing '' . In 1835 there were over 800 convicts working in chain - gangs at the penal station at Port Arthur which operated from 1830 to 1877 . Convicts were transferred to Van Diemen 's Land from Sydney and , in later years , from 1841 to 1847 , from Melbourne . Between 1826 and 1840 , there were at least 19 ship loads of convicts sent from Van Diemen 's Land to Norfolk Island and at other times they were sent from Norfolk Island to Van Diemen 's Land . </Li> <Li> 21 January 1827 -- Western Australia was established when a small British settlement was established at King George 's Sound ( Albany ) by Major Edmund Lockyer who was to provide a deterrent to the French presence in the area . On 18 June 1829 the new Swan River Colony was officially proclaimed with Captain James Stirling as the first Governor . Except for the settlement at King George 's Sound , the colony was never really a part of NSW . King George 's Sound was handed over in 1831 . In 1849 the colony was proclaimed a British penal settlement and the first convicts arrived in 1850 . Rottnest Island , off the coast of Perth , became the colony 's convict settlement in 1838 and was used for local colonial offenders . Around 9,720 British convicts were sent directly to the colony in 43 ships between 1850 and 1868 . The convicts were sought by local settlers because of the shortage of labour needed to develop the region . On 9 January 1868 , Australia 's last convict ship , the Hougoumont brought its final cargo of 269 convicts . Convicts sent to Western Australia were sentenced to terms of 6 , 7 , 10 , 14 and 15 years and some reports suggest that their literacy rate
<Ul> <Li> 13 May 1787 -- The 11 ships of the First Fleet leave Portsmouth under the command of Captain Arthur Phillip . Different accounts give varying numbers of passengers but the fleet consisted of at least 1,350 persons of whom 780 were convicts and 570 were free men , women and children and the number included four companies of marines . About 20 % of the convicts were women and the oldest convict was 82 . About 50 % of the convicts had been tried in Middlesex and most of the rest were tried in the county assizes of Devon , Kent and Sussex </Li> <Li> 18 January 1788 -- The First Fleet arrived in Botany Bay but the landing party was not impressed with the site , and moved the fleet to Port Jackson , landing in Sydney Cove on 26 January 1788 ( now celebrated as Australia Day ) </Li> <Li> April 1789 -- A suspicious outbreak of smallpox decimates local tribes . Research by Michael J Bennett published in 2009 , corroborated independently by Christopher Warren in 2013 , demonstrates this outbreak was most likely deliberate . </Li> <Li> 1790 -- the Second Fleet of convicts arrives in Sydney Cove . </Li> <Li> 1791 -- Third Fleet of convicts arrives </Li> <Li> 1793 -- January : the first free settlers arrive in NSW . </Li> <Li> 1793 -- March -- April : visit of the expedition led by Alessandro Malaspina . </Li> <Li> 1825 - May : Founding of Brisbane </Li> <Li> 14 June 1825 -- the colony of Van Diemen 's Land is established in its own right ; its name is officially changed to Tasmania on 1 January 1856 . The first settlement was made at Risdon , Tasmania on 11 September 1803 when Lieut John Bowen landed with about 50 settlers , crew , soldiers and convicts . The site proved unsuitable and was abandoned in August 1804 . Lieut - Col David Collins finally established a successful settlement at Hobart in February 1804 with a party of about 260 people , including 178 convicts . ( Collins had previously attempted a settlement in Victoria . ) Convict ships were sent from England directly to the colony from 1812 to 1853 and over the 50 years from 1803 -- 1853 around 67,000 convicts were transported to Tasmania . About 14,492 were Irish but many of them had been sentenced in English and Scottish courts . Some were also tried locally in other Australian colonies . The Indefatigable brought the first convicts direct from England on 19 October 1812 and by 1820 there were about 2,500 convicts in the colony . By the end of 1833 the number had increased to 14,900 convicts of whom 1864 were females . About 1,448 held ticket of leave , 6,573 were assigned to settlers and 275 were recorded as `` absconded or missing '' . In 1835 there were over 800 convicts working in chain - gangs at the penal station at Port Arthur which operated from 1830 to 1877 . Convicts were transferred to Van Diemen 's Land from Sydney and , in later years , from 1841 to 1847 , from Melbourne . Between 1826 and 1840 , there were at least 19 ship loads of convicts sent from Van Diemen 's Land to Norfolk Island and at other times they were sent from Norfolk Island to Van Diemen 's Land . </Li> <Li> 21 January 1827 -- Western Australia was established when a small British settlement was established at King George 's Sound ( Albany ) by Major Edmund Lockyer who was to provide a deterrent to the French presence in the area . On 18 June 1829 the new Swan River Colony was officially proclaimed with Captain James Stirling as the first Governor . Except for the settlement at King George 's Sound , the colony was never really a part of NSW . King George 's Sound was handed over in 1831 . In 1849 the colony was proclaimed a British penal settlement and the first convicts arrived in 1850 . Rottnest Island , off the coast of Perth , became the colony 's convict settlement in 1838 and was used for local colonial offenders . Around 9,720 British convicts were sent directly to the colony in 43 ships between 1850 and 1868 . The convicts were sought by local settlers because of the shortage of labour needed to develop the region . On 9 January 1868 , Australia 's last convict ship , the Hougoumont brought its final cargo of 269 convicts . Convicts sent to Western Australia were sentenced to terms of 6 , 7 , 10 , 14 and 15 years and some reports suggest that their literacy rate
how long did it take to get to australia on the first fleet
how long did it take to get to australia on the first fleet
13 May 1787 18 January 1788
13 May 1787 18 January 1788