<P> Region of Palestine was conqueredby the Islamic Empire following the 636 CE Battle of Yarmouk during the Muslim conquest of Syria , and the Muslims gave relief from burdensome Roman taxes and religious persecution of Christian heretics . The country was incorporated into Bilad al - Sham Province as military districts of Urdunn and Filastin . In 661 CE , with the assassination of Ali , Muawiyah I became the uncontested Caliph of the Islamic World after being crowned in Jerusalem . In 691 , the Dome of the Rock became the world 's first great work of Islamic architecture . The Umayyads were replaced by the Abbasids in 750 . From 878 Palestine was ruled from Egypt by semi-autonomous rulers for almost a century , beginning with Ahmad ibn Tulun and ending with the Ikhshidid rulers who were both buried in Jerusalem . The Fatimids conquered the region in 969 . In 1073 , Palestine was captured by the Great Seljuq Empire , only to be recaptured by the Fatimids in 1098 , who then lost the region to the Crusaders in 1099 . Crusader control of Jerusalem and most of Palestine as the Kingdom of Jerusalem lasted almost a century until defeat by Saladin 's forces in 1187 , after which most of Palestine became controlled by the Ayyubids . A rump Crusader state in the northern coastal cities survived for another century , but despite seven further Crusades , the Crusaders were no longer a significant power in the region . The Mamluk Sultanate was indirectly created in Egypt as a result of the Seventh Crusade . The Mongol Empire reached Palestine for the first time in 1260 , beginning with the raids into the Levant under Nestorian Christian general Kitbuqa and reaching an apex at the pivotal Battle of Ain Jalut . In 1486 , hostilities broke out between the Mamluks and the Ottoman Turks and the Ottomans captured Mamluk Palestine and Syria in 1516 . </P>
<P> Region of Palestine was conqueredby the Islamic Empire following the 636 CE Battle of Yarmouk during the Muslim conquest of Syria , and the Muslims gave relief from burdensome Roman taxes and religious persecution of Christian heretics . The country was incorporated into Bilad al - Sham Province as military districts of Urdunn and Filastin . In 661 CE , with the assassination of Ali , Muawiyah I became the uncontested Caliph of the Islamic World after being crowned in Jerusalem . In 691 , the Dome of the Rock became the world 's first great work of Islamic architecture . The Umayyads were replaced by the Abbasids in 750 . From 878 Palestine was ruled from Egypt by semi-autonomous rulers for almost a century , beginning with Ahmad ibn Tulun and ending with the Ikhshidid rulers who were both buried in Jerusalem . The Fatimids conquered the region in 969 . In 1073 , Palestine was captured by the Great Seljuq Empire , only to be recaptured by the Fatimids in 1098 , who then lost the region to the Crusaders in 1099 . Crusader control of Jerusalem and most of Palestine as the Kingdom of Jerusalem lasted almost a century until defeat by Saladin 's forces in 1187 , after which most of Palestine became controlled by the Ayyubids . A rump Crusader state in the northern coastal cities survived for another century , but despite seven further Crusades , the Crusaders were no longer a significant power in the region . The Mamluk Sultanate was indirectly created in Egypt as a result of the Seventh Crusade . The Mongol Empire reached Palestine for the first time in 1260 , beginning with the raids into the Levant under Nestorian Christian general Kitbuqa and reaching an apex at the pivotal Battle of Ain Jalut . In 1486 , hostilities broke out between the Mamluks and the Ottoman Turks and the Ottomans captured Mamluk Palestine and Syria in 1516 . </P>
when did the ottoman empire take over palestine
when did the ottoman empire take over palestine
1516
1516