<P> Nicholas II or Nikolai II ( Russian : Николай II Алекса́ндрович , tr . Nikolai II Aleksandrovich ; 18 May ( O.S. 6 May ) 1868 -- 17 July 1918 ) , known as Saint Nicholas II of Russia in the Russian Orthodox Church , was the last Emperor of Russia , ruling from 1 November 1894 until his forced abdication on 15 March 1917 . His reign saw the fall of the Russian Empire from one of the foremost great powers of the world to economic and military collapse . He was given the nickname Nicholas the Bloody by his political adversaries due to the Khodynka Tragedy , anti-Semitic pogroms , Bloody Sunday , the violent suppression of the 1905 Russian Revolution , the executions of political opponents , and his perceived responsibility for the Russo - Japanese War . Soviet historians portray Nicholas as a weak and incompetent leader whose decisions led to military defeats and the deaths of millions of his subjects . </P>
<P> Nicholas II or Nikolai II ( Russian : Николай II Алекса́ндрович , tr . Nikolai II Aleksandrovich ; 18 May ( O.S. 6 May ) 1868 -- 17 July 1918 ) , known as Saint Nicholas II of Russia in the Russian Orthodox Church , was the last Emperor of Russia , ruling from 1 November 1894 until his forced abdication on 15 March 1917 . His reign saw the fall of the Russian Empire from one of the foremost great powers of the world to economic and military collapse . He was given the nickname Nicholas the Bloody by his political adversaries due to the Khodynka Tragedy , anti-Semitic pogroms , Bloody Sunday , the violent suppression of the 1905 Russian Revolution , the executions of political opponents , and his perceived responsibility for the Russo - Japanese War . Soviet historians portray Nicholas as a weak and incompetent leader whose decisions led to military defeats and the deaths of millions of his subjects . </P>
who was the last czar of russia before the russian revolution
who was the last czar of russia before the russian revolution
Nicholas II or Nikolai II ( Russian : Николай II Алекса́ндрович , tr . Nikolai II Aleksandrovich ; 18 May ( O.S. 6 May ) 1868 -- 17 July 1918 ) , known as Saint Nicholas II of Russia in the Russian Orthodox Church
Nicholas II or Nikolai II ( Russian : Николай II Алекса́ндрович , tr . Nikolai II Aleksandrovich ; 18 May ( O.S. 6 May ) 1868 -- 17 July 1918 ) , known as Saint Nicholas II of Russia in the Russian Orthodox Church