<P> During the last quarter of the 12th century , Muhammad of Ghor invaded the Indo - Gangetic plain , conquering in succession Ghazni , Multan , Sindh , Lahore , and Delhi . Qutb - ud - din Aybak , one of his generals proclaimed himself Sultan of Delhi . In the 13th century , Shamsuddīn Iltutmish ( 1211 -- 1236 ) , a former slave - warrior , established a Turkic kingdom in Delhi , which enabled future sultans to push in every direction ; within the next 100 years , the Delhi Sultanate extended its way east to Bengal and south to the Deccan , while the sultanate itself experienced repeated threats from the northwest and internal revolts from displeased , independent - minded nobles . The sultanate was in constant flux as five dynasties , all of either Turkic or Afghan origin , rose and fell : the Slave dynasty ( 1206 -- 90 ) , Khalji dynasty ( 1290 -- 1320 ) , Tughlaq dynasty ( 1320 -- 1413 ) , Sayyid dynasty ( 1414 -- 51 ) , and Lodi dynasty ( 1451 -- 1526 ) . The Khalji dynasty , under ' Alā'uddīn ( 1296 -- 1316 ) , succeeded in bringing most of South India under its control for a time , although conquered areas broke away quickly . Power in Delhi was often gained by violence -- nineteen of the thirty - five sultans were assassinated -- and was legitimized by reward for tribal loyalty . Factional rivalries and court intrigues were as numerous as they were treacherous ; territories controlled by the sultan expanded and shrank depending on his personality and fortunes . </P>
<P> During the last quarter of the 12th century , Muhammad of Ghor invaded the Indo - Gangetic plain , conquering in succession Ghazni , Multan , Sindh , Lahore , and Delhi . Qutb - ud - din Aybak , one of his generals proclaimed himself Sultan of Delhi . In the 13th century , Shamsuddīn Iltutmish ( 1211 -- 1236 ) , a former slave - warrior , established a Turkic kingdom in Delhi , which enabled future sultans to push in every direction ; within the next 100 years , the Delhi Sultanate extended its way east to Bengal and south to the Deccan , while the sultanate itself experienced repeated threats from the northwest and internal revolts from displeased , independent - minded nobles . The sultanate was in constant flux as five dynasties , all of either Turkic or Afghan origin , rose and fell : the Slave dynasty ( 1206 -- 90 ) , Khalji dynasty ( 1290 -- 1320 ) , Tughlaq dynasty ( 1320 -- 1413 ) , Sayyid dynasty ( 1414 -- 51 ) , and Lodi dynasty ( 1451 -- 1526 ) . The Khalji dynasty , under ' Alā'uddīn ( 1296 -- 1316 ) , succeeded in bringing most of South India under its control for a time , although conquered areas broke away quickly . Power in Delhi was often gained by violence -- nineteen of the thirty - five sultans were assassinated -- and was legitimized by reward for tribal loyalty . Factional rivalries and court intrigues were as numerous as they were treacherous ; territories controlled by the sultan expanded and shrank depending on his personality and fortunes . </P>
who was the first muslim king of india
who was the first muslim king of india
Qutb - ud - din Aybak
Qutb - ud - din Aybak