<P> From an astronomical view , the equinoxes and solstices would be the middle of the respective seasons , but sometimes astronomical summer is defined as starting at the solstice , the time of maximal insolation , or on the traditional date of June 21 . A variable seasonal lag means that the meteorological center of the season , which is based on average temperature patterns , occurs several weeks after the time of maximal insolation . The meteorological convention is to define summer as comprising the months of June , July , and August in the northern hemisphere and the months of December , January , and February in the southern hemisphere . Under meteorological definitions , all seasons are arbitrarily set to start at the beginning of a calendar month and end at the end of a month . This meteorological definition of summer also aligns with the commonly viewed notion of summer as the season with the longest ( and warmest ) days of the year , in which daylight predominates . The meteorological reckoning of seasons is used in Australia , Austria , Denmark , the former Soviet Union and Japan . It is also used by many in the United Kingdom . In Ireland , the summer months according to the national meteorological service , Met Éireann , are June , July and August . However , according to the Irish Calendar , summer begins on 1 May and ends on 1 August . School textbooks in Ireland follow the cultural norm of summer commencing on 1 May rather than the meteorological definition of 1 June . </P>
<P> From an astronomical view , the equinoxes and solstices would be the middle of the respective seasons , but sometimes astronomical summer is defined as starting at the solstice , the time of maximal insolation , or on the traditional date of June 21 . A variable seasonal lag means that the meteorological center of the season , which is based on average temperature patterns , occurs several weeks after the time of maximal insolation . The meteorological convention is to define summer as comprising the months of June , July , and August in the northern hemisphere and the months of December , January , and February in the southern hemisphere . Under meteorological definitions , all seasons are arbitrarily set to start at the beginning of a calendar month and end at the end of a month . This meteorological definition of summer also aligns with the commonly viewed notion of summer as the season with the longest ( and warmest ) days of the year , in which daylight predominates . The meteorological reckoning of seasons is used in Australia , Austria , Denmark , the former Soviet Union and Japan . It is also used by many in the United Kingdom . In Ireland , the summer months according to the national meteorological service , Met Éireann , are June , July and August . However , according to the Irish Calendar , summer begins on 1 May and ends on 1 August . School textbooks in Ireland follow the cultural norm of summer commencing on 1 May rather than the meteorological definition of 1 June . </P>
what months are summer in the southern hemisphere
what months are summer in the southern hemisphere
June , July and August . However , according to the Irish Calendar , summer begins on 1 May and ends on 1 August .
June , July and August . However , according to the Irish Calendar , summer begins on 1 May and ends on 1 August .