what is six sigma 
six sigma is a set of techniques and tools used to improve business processes it was introduced in 1986 by engineer bill smith while working at motorola six sigma practitioners use statistics financial analysis and project management to identify and reduce defects and errors minimize variation and increase quality and efficiency the five phases of the six sigma method known as dmaic are defining measuring analyzing improving and controlling understanding six sigmasix sigma is based on the idea that all business processes can be measured and optimized the term six sigma originated in manufacturing as a means of quality control six sigma quality is achieved when long term defect levels are below 3 4 defects per million opportunities dpmo six sigma has since evolved into a more general business concept focusing on meeting customer requirements improving customer retention and improving and sustaining business products and services among its best known proponents was the longtime general electric ceo jack welch six sigma certification programs confer belt rankings similar to those in the martial arts ranging from white belt to black belt the 5 steps of six sigmathe six sigma method uses a step by step approach called dmaic an acronym that stands for define measure analyze improve and control according to six sigma adherents a business may solve any seemingly unsolvable problem by following these five steps a team of people led by a six sigma expert chooses a process to focus on and defines the problem it wishes to solve the team measures the initial performance of the process creating a benchmark and pinpoints a list of inputs that may be hindering performance next the team analyzes the process by isolating each input or potential reason for any failures and testing it as the possible root of the problem the team works from there to implement changes that will improve system performance the group adds controls to the process to ensure it does not regress and become ineffective once again 