how multi asset classes work
multi asset class investments increase the diversification of an overall portfolio by distributing investments throughout several classes this reduces risk volatility compared to holding one class of assets but might also hinder potential returns for example a multi asset class investor might hold bonds stocks cash and real property whereas a single class investor might only hold stocks one asset class might outperform during a particular period of time but historically no asset class will outperform during every period risk tolerance fundsmany mutual fund companies offer asset allocation funds that are designed to perform according to an investor s tolerance for risk the funds can range from aggressive to conservative an aggressive style fund would have a much higher allocation to equities with maybe as much as 100 the fidelity asset manager 85 fund famrx is an example of an aggressive fund the fund is designed to keep 85 of the fund s allocation in equities and 15 between fixed income and cash for conservative investors a fund s allocation would have significantly more concentration in fixed income the fidelity asset manager 20 fund fasix has 20 in stocks 50 in fixed income and 30 in short term money market funds target date fundstarget date funds are multi asset funds that change the allocation according to the investor s time horizon investors would select the fund that would closely mirror their time horizon for example an investor not retiring for over 30 years should select one of the 2045 or later target funds the later the date on the fund the more aggressive the fund is due to the longer time horizon a 2050 target date fund has over 85 to 90 in equities and the remaining in fixed income or money market an investor whose time horizon is significantly shorter would select one of the more recent maturing funds someone retiring in five years would have a target date fund with a higher level of fixed income to reduce the overall risk and focus on capital preservation target date funds are beneficial for investors who do not want to be involved in choosing an appropriate asset allocation as the investor ages and the time horizon lessens so does the risk level of the target date fund over time the fund gradually moves from equities to fixed income and money market automatically benefits of multi asset class fundsunlike balanced funds which typically focus on meeting or beating a benchmark multi asset class funds are composed to achieve a certain investment outcome such as exceeding inflation their broad options for investing ranging across securities sectors real estate and other types of securities give them enormous flexibility to meet their goals this type of fund also offers more diversification than most balanced funds which may combine mainly fixed income and equities many are actively managed meaning a person or group of people make decisions based on the dynamics of the market to maximize returns and limit risk 