when market equilibrium remains out of balance for a period of time prices can become overly depressed or inflated which can have real negative ramifications on markets and the broader economy market actors will be incentivized to try and restore equilibrium by buying and bidding up underprices goods or securities and selling or producing more of the overpriced ones 
disequilibrium is often caused by an imbalance in supply vs demand at times disequilibrium can spill over from one market to another for instance if there aren t enough transport companies or resources available to ship coffee internationally then the coffee supply for certain regions could be reduced affecting the equilibrium of coffee markets economists view many labor markets as being in disequilibrium due to how legislation and public policy protect people and their jobs or the amount they are compensated for their labor removing market frictions trade barriers certain regulations and improving market efficiency and information dissemination can all help maintain equilibrium 