def read(*parts):
    """
    Build an absolute path from *parts* and and return the contents of the
    resulting file.  Assume UTF-8 encoding.
    """
    with codecs.open(os.path.join(HERE, *parts), "rb", "utf-8") as f:
        return f.read()
def _getProvenance(self, item, user, version=None, resource='item',
                       checkOk=True):
        params = {}
        if version is not None:
            params = {'version': version}
        resp = self.request(
            path='/%s/%s/provenance' % (resource, item['_id']),
            method='GET', user=user, type='application/json', params=params)
        if checkOk:
            self.assertStatusOk(resp)
        return resp