def get_next_id(self):
        try:
            query = {'_id': 'last_id'}
            update = {'$inc': {'id': 1}}
            fn = self.db.internal.find_and_modify
            row = fn(query, update, upsert=True, new=True)
        except Exception as e:
            raise DatabaseException(e)
        return row['id']
def _reset_exiter(cls, exiter: Optional[Exiter]) -> None:
        """Class state:

        - Overwrites `cls._exiter`.
        Python state:
        - Overwrites sys.excepthook.
        """
        logger.debug(f"overriding the global exiter with {exiter} (from {cls._exiter})")
        # NB: mutate the class variables! This is done before mutating the exception hook, because the
        # uncaught exception handler uses cls._exiter to exit.
        cls._exiter = exiter
        # NB: mutate process-global state!
        sys.excepthook = cls._log_unhandled_exception_and_exit