def test_view_of_view(matrix_type, subset_func, subset_func2):
    adata = gen_adata((30, 15), X_type=matrix_type)
    adata.raw = adata
    if subset_func is single_subset:
        pytest.xfail("Other subset generating functions have trouble with this")
    var_s1 = subset_func(adata.var_names, min_size=4)
    var_view1 = adata[:, var_s1]
    var_s2 = subset_func2(var_view1.var_names)
    var_view2 = var_view1[:, var_s2]
    assert var_view2._adata_ref is adata
    obs_s1 = subset_func(adata.obs_names, min_size=4)
    obs_view1 = adata[obs_s1, :]
    obs_s2 = subset_func2(obs_view1.obs_names)
    assert adata[obs_s1, :][:, var_s1][obs_s2, :]._adata_ref is adata

    view_of_actual_copy = adata[:, var_s1].copy()[obs_s1, :].copy()[:, var_s2].copy()

    view_of_view_copy = adata[:, var_s1][obs_s1, :][:, var_s2].copy()

    assert_equal(view_of_actual_copy, view_of_view_copy, exact=True)
def aggregate(cls, dataset, dimensions, function, **kwargs):
        data = dataset.data
        cols = [d.name for d in dataset.kdims if d in dimensions]
        vdims = dataset.dimensions('value', label='name')
        reindexed = data[cols+vdims]
        agg = function.__name__
        if len(dimensions):
            agg_map = {'amin': 'min', 'amax': 'max'}
            agg = agg_map.get(agg, agg)
            grouped = reindexed.groupby(cols, sort=False)
            if not hasattr(grouped, agg):
                raise ValueError('%s aggregation is not supported on cudf DataFrame.' % agg)
            df = getattr(grouped, agg)().reset_index()
        else:
            agg_map = {'amin': 'min', 'amax': 'max', 'size': 'count'}
            agg = agg_map.get(agg, agg)
            if not hasattr(reindexed, agg):
                raise ValueError('%s aggregation is not supported on cudf DataFrame.' % agg)
            agg = getattr(reindexed, agg)()
            data = dict(((col, [v]) for col, v in zip(agg.index.values_host, agg.to_array())))
            df = util.pd.DataFrame(data, columns=list(agg.index.values_host))

        dropped = []
        for vd in vdims:
            if vd not in df.columns:
                dropped.append(vd)
        return df, dropped