def secure_filename(filename):
    r"""Borrowed from :mod:`werkzeug.utils`, under the BSD 3-clause license.

    Pass it a filename and it will return a secure version of it.  This
    filename can then safely be stored on a regular file system and passed
    to :func:`os.path.join`.  The filename returned is an ASCII only string
    for maximum portability.

    On windows systems the function also makes sure that the file is not
    named after one of the special device files.

    >>> secure_filename("My cool movie.mov")
    'My_cool_movie.mov'
    >>> secure_filename("../../../etc/passwd")
    'etc_passwd'
    >>> secure_filename(u'i contain cool \xfcml\xe4uts.txt')
    'i_contain_cool_umlauts.txt'

    The function might return an empty filename.  It's your responsibility
    to ensure that the filename is unique and that you generate random
    filename if the function returned an empty one.

    :param filename: the filename to secure
    """
    _filename_ascii_strip_re = re.compile(r'[^A-Za-z0-9_.-]')
    _windows_device_files = ('CON', 'AUX', 'COM1', 'COM2', 'COM3', 'COM4',
                             'LPT1', 'LPT2', 'LPT3', 'PRN', 'NUL')
    if isinstance(filename, text_type):
        from unicodedata import normalize
        filename = normalize('NFKD', filename).encode('ascii', 'ignore')
        if not PY2:
            filename = filename.decode('ascii')
    for sep in os.path.sep, os.path.altsep:
        if sep:
            filename = filename.replace(sep, ' ')
    filename = str(_filename_ascii_strip_re.sub('', '_'.join(
                   filename.split()))).strip('._')

    # on nt a couple of special files are present in each folder.  We
    # have to ensure that the target file is not such a filename.  In
    # this case we prepend an underline
    if os.name == 'nt' and filename and \
       filename.split('.')[0].upper() in _windows_device_files:
        filename = '_' + filename

    return filename
def deny(self,
             error_msg,
             error_code="",
             reviewing_user=None,
             reviewing_service=""):
        """
        Deny this attempt.

        Valid attempt statuses when calling this method:
            `submitted`, `approved`, `denied`

        Status after method completes: `denied`

        Other fields that will be set by this method:
            `reviewed_by_user_id`, `reviewed_by_service`, `error_msg`,
            `error_code`

        State Transitions:

        `submitted` → `denied`
            This is the usual flow, whether initiated by a staff user or an
            external validation service.
        `approved` → `denied`
            This might happen if a staff member wants to override a decision
            made by an external service or another staff member, or just correct
            a mistake made during the approval process. In this case, the
            previous values of `reviewed_by_user_id` and `reviewed_by_service`
            will be changed to whoever is doing the denying. The only record
            that this record was ever approved would be in our logs. This should
            be a relatively rare occurence.
        `denied` → `denied`
            Update the error message and reviewing_user/reviewing_service. Just
            lets you amend the error message in case there were additional
            details to be made.
        """
        log.info(u"Verification for user '{user_id}' denied by '{reviewer}'.".format(
            user_id=self.user, reviewer=reviewing_user
        ))
        self.error_msg = error_msg
        self.error_code = error_code
        self.reviewing_user = reviewing_user
        self.reviewing_service = reviewing_service
        self.status = "denied"
        self.save()