def test_view_mixin_copies_data(adata, array_type: type, attr):
    N = 100
    adata = ad.AnnData(
        obs=pd.DataFrame(index=np.arange(N)), var=pd.DataFrame(index=np.arange(N))
    )

    X = array_type(sparse.eye(N, N).multiply(np.arange(1, N + 1)))
    if attr == "X":
        adata.X = X
    else:
        getattr(adata, attr)["arr"] = X

    view = adata[:50]

    if attr == "X":
        arr_view = view.X
    else:
        arr_view = getattr(view, attr)["arr"]

    arr_view_copy = arr_view.copy()

    if sparse.issparse(X):
        assert not np.shares_memory(arr_view.indices, arr_view_copy.indices)
        assert not np.shares_memory(arr_view.indptr, arr_view_copy.indptr)
        assert not np.shares_memory(arr_view.data, arr_view_copy.data)

        arr_view_copy.data[0] = -5
        assert not np.array_equal(arr_view_copy.data, arr_view.data)
    else:
        assert not np.shares_memory(arr_view, arr_view_copy)

        arr_view_copy[0, 0] = -5
        assert not np.array_equal(arr_view_copy, arr_view)
def install_secret_key(app, filename='secret_key'):
    """Configure the SECRET_KEY from a file
    in the instance directory.

    If the file does not exist, print instructions
    to create it from a shell with a random key,
    then exit.
    """
    filename = os.path.join(app.instance_path, filename)

    try:
        app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = open(filename, 'rb').read()
    except IOError:
        print('Error: No secret key. Create it with:')
        full_path = os.path.dirname(filename)
        if not os.path.isdir(full_path):
            print('mkdir -p {filename}'.format(filename=full_path))
        print('head -c 24 /dev/urandom > {filename}'.format(filename=filename))
        sys.exit(1)