def test_invalid_scalar_index(adata, index):
    # https://github.com/theislab/anndata/issues/619
    with pytest.raises(IndexError, match=r".*index.* out of range\."):
        _ = adata[index]
def memoized(*args):
        try:
            return stored_results[args]
        except KeyError:
            result = stored_results[args] = fn(*args)
            return result