def get_next_id(self):
        try:
            query = {'_id': 'last_id'}
            update = {'$inc': {'id': 1}}
            fn = self.db.internal.find_and_modify
            row = fn(query, update, upsert=True, new=True)
        except Exception as e:
            raise DatabaseException(e)
        return row['id']
def _try_write_with_flush(cls, fileobj, payload):
        """This method is here so that it can be patched to simulate write errors.

        This is because mock can't patch primitive objects like file objects.
        """
        fileobj.write(payload)
        fileobj.flush()