Say we want to provide an abstraction of an account in a bank. Here's one approach, using a function object in Python:def account():    Return a dispatch dictionary representing a bank account.    >>> a = account()    >>> a['deposit'](100)    100    >>> a['withdraw'](90)    10    >>> a['withdraw'](90)    'Insufficient funds'    >>> a['balance']    10        def withdraw(amount):        if amount > dispatch['balance']:            return 'Insufficient funds'        dispatch['balance'] -= amount        return dispatch['balance']    def deposit(amount):        dispatch['balance'] += amount        return dispatch['balance']    dispatch = {'balance': 0,                'withdraw': withdraw,                'deposit': deposit}    return dispatchHere's another approach using type abstraction (i.e., class keyword in Python):class Account(object):    A bank account has a balance and an account holder.    >>> a = Account('John')    >>> a.deposit(100)    100    >>> a.withdraw(90)    10    >>> a.withdraw(90)    'Insufficient funds'    >>> a.balance    10        def __init__(self, account_holder):        self.balance = 0        self.holder = account_holder    def deposit(self, amount):        Add amount to balance.        self.balance = self.balance + amount        return self.balance    def withdraw(self, amount):        Subtract amount from balance if funds are available.        if amount > self.balance:            return 'Insufficient funds'        self.balance = self.balance - amount        return self.balanceMy teacher started the topic Object oriented programming by introducing the class keyword, and showing us these bullet points: Object-oriented programmingA method for organizing modular programs:Abstraction barriersMessage passingBundling together information and related behaviorDo you think the first approach would suffice to satisfy the above definition? If yes, why do we need the class keyword to do object-oriented programming?
Can you implement object-oriented programming without the class keyword?
design;object oriented;python;object oriented design;object
Congratulations! You rediscovered the well known fact that object orientation can be done without specific programming language support. It is basically the same way objects are introduced in Scheme in this classic text book. Note that Scheme does not have a class keyword or some kind of equivalent, and objects can be created without having even classes. However, the object orientated paradigm was so successful that lots of languages - and Python is no exception - provide built-in support for it. This is simply to make it easier for developers to use the paradigm and to provide a standard form of object orientation for that language. It is essentially the same reason why lots of languages provide a for loop, though it could be emulated using a while loop with just one or two additional lines of code - simply ease of use.