Franks, Greeks, and Saracens: violence, empire, and religion in early medieval southern Italy
Sarah Whitten
This paper examines the violence between Carolingians, Saracens, and Byzantines in southern Italy during second half of ninth century. Traditionally these conflicts have been viewed as Muslims Christians. argues that contemporary Italians did not perceive this to be religiously motivated, because they understand Saracens Muslims. Instead, tensions were about local foreign claims political authority control territory.
Early Medieval Europe