두오다(Dhuoda)의 『리베르 마누알리스』(Liber Manualis)
김재현
In the absence of her husband, Bernard Septimania, Dhuoda played an important role -militarily, economically, and socially- in order to keep family realm. After two sons were captured by King Charles Bald, wrote a lengthy letter son, William, which was eventually known as Liber Manualis. This is educational, instructive, pious its form character. this letter, we have glimpse worldview religion Carolingian people ninth century through eyes woman. neither professional theologian nor nun. She, however, left exceptional sample writing from that period. Even though she quite traditional interpreting Scripture writings Fathers, letters unique. Her can be favorably compared dominant male theologians priests at time. Left isolated frontier between Spain France without believed had equal right accessibility Divine grace religious leaders. eat crums master’s table, convinced God’s equally belonged her. Manualis, taught William should put his father before royal master. serving masters lords, advised always follow own conscience proper counseling. As lay female leader, depth seven virtures eight blessings. secular spiritual realms go together, virture vice are mingled together daily life. very active practical applying Scriptural passages It not so easy find such practicality among theologians. sense, Dhuoda’s book provides useful lens perspective understand society. Although did articulate any systematic theology terminology, brought up routine issues society perspective. I would ascertain who offered fresh interpretation
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