Glass import and production in Hispania during the early medieval period: The glass from Ciudad de Vascos (Toledo)
Jorge de Juan Ares|Nadine Schibille
One hundred and forty-one glass fragments from medieval Ciudad de Vascos (Toledo, Spain) were analysed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The glasses fall into three types according to the fluxing agents used: mineral natron, soda-rich plant ash, a combination of soda ash lead. natron can be assigned various established primary production groups eastern Mediterranean provenance. Different indicate differences in silica source as well component, reflecting changing supply mechanisms. While earlier related Islamic Near East, both terms typology composition, chemical signature later samples appear specific Iberian Peninsula. This has important implications for our understanding emerging industry Spain distribution patterns raw materials. that was used is rich with low levels potash, similar produced Mediterranean. It could therefore possible Levantine imported period workshops Spain. Unlike central northern Europe where an independent based on potassium-rich wood developed during Carolingian period, prevalence lead Peninsula indicates its commercial technological interconnection east. Our study thus traces several stages leading development specifically Spanish glassmaking industry.
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