TRANSNATIONALISM AND EARLY EUROPEAN INTEGRATION: THE NOUVELLES EQUIPES INTERNATIONALES AND THE GENEVA CIRCLE 1947–1957
Michael Gehler|Wolfram Kaiser
Based on the analysis of primary sources from party archives and private papers politicians in six countries, this article evaluates influence Christian Democrat transnationalism European integration crucial formative period 1947 to 1957. It shows how Democrats' co-operation Nouvelles Equipes Internationales Geneva Circle shaped re-enforced their historical orientations, ideological preferences, common interests played an important role structuring concept reality a ‘core Europe’ continental countries. is include ‘soft’ factors such as growing transnational political networks history avoid monocausal explanation that focuses exclusively inter-state relations sees process solely product multilateral bargaining driven by national (economic) interests.
The Historical Journal