An empire of memory. The legend of Charlemagne, the Franks, and Jerusalem before the First Crusade. By Matthew Gabriele. Pp. xii+202 incl. 8 ills. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011. £55. 978 0 19 959144 2 - Emperor of the west. Charlemagne and the Carolingian empire. By Hywel Williams. Pp. xx+460 incl. 3 maps+8 colour plates. London: Quercus, 2010. £25. 978 1 84916 190 9
Christian Harding
The Journal of Ecclesiastical History