The great antecedent cracking
Michael Loriaux
The Greater Rhineland regional economy, which flourished against the backdrop of a Hundred Years War opposing dynastic monarchs France and England, fell victim, in seventeenth century, to hundred years war its own. erupted 1619 persisted with little respite until 1714, leaving region ruins economy durably depressed. Although towns Switzerland, at source Rhine, Netherlands, mouth negotiated their transition from urban league sovereign state, violence marginalized Flanders middle Rhineland, Freiburg Liege, Antwerp Frankfurt. Religious conflict subverted ontopology empire. Christianitas , as geographical term, awakened suspicion. “Europe” was redefined territorial home princes. frontier mythology reemerged, relegating Europe's core edges “nation-state” system that we still inhabit, European Union seeks reform or transcend. Reformation Hansa, fact if not by law, disaggregated fifteenth victim class struggle, dukes Burgundy, Dutch competition, new trade patterns arising maritime expansion. wars Burgundy left Cologne deeply debt. expansion (through inheritance marriage) duchy Cleves threatened Trier's autonomy. Mainz anxiously observed growing power Elector Count Palatine who ruled Heidelberg.
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