RADIOCARBON DATES FROM THE OXFORD AMS SYSTEM: <i>ARCHAEOMETRY </i>DATELIST 33
Christopher Bronk Ramsey|Thomas Higham|Fiona Brock|D. Baker|Peter Ditchfield
This is the thirty-third list of dates measured at Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit (ORAU). The presented here include those through NERC/AHRC-funded Dating Service (ORADS), funded by English Heritage, and submitted to laboratory on a commercial basis. All have been using procedures outlined in Law Hedges (1989), et al. (1989, 1992), Bronk Ramsey (Arch.List 30) (2004a,b,c). AMS determinations with OxA numbers greater than 6293 were either as graphite (if sufficiently large) (Dee 2000), or CO2 (Bronk 1997; 2004a). In accordance international radiocarbon convention all are expressed years before ad 1950 (years bp) half-life 5568 years. Errors quoted one standard deviation (1σ) based an assessment contributions error isotope ratio measurement. Natural fractionation carbon isotopes accounted for measuring δ13C values relative VPDB (with errors approximately 0.3‰). combining significance tests Ward Wilson (1978). Comments composed Laboratory basis information supplied submitters given without attribution. calendrical calibrated OxCal computer program (2001) atmospheric data from ‘INTCAL04’ (Reimer 2004), 95.4% probability. Previous Archaeometry datelists referred form: Arch.List 32. Details methods applied described detail our in-house documentation. regularly updated archived, so exact method used any sample always fully recorded. has ultrafiltration purification gelatin extracted bones since 2000 (Brown 1998, 30). late 2002 we discovered that more rigorous precleaning filters prior use traces humectant (glycerine) could remain affect ages significantly, particularly low-yielding collagen samples. effect relevant bone samples range OxA-9361 -11851 OxA-12214 -12236. initial problem was (2004b). Rigorous cleaning ultrafilters required order effectively remove small amounts glycerine, which during manufacturing keep them moist use. Subsequent research ORAU resulted changes methodology, reported recent paper (Brock 2007) detail. There no affected this Datelist. appendix, withdrawn OxAs 31 provided along results redates status remainder. Two different applied. First, obtained redated modified protocol Second, spare reultrafiltered cleaned according new protocol. OxA-X when there experimental pre-treatment applied, where analytical associated measurement out expected range. these latter cases, accuracy result ought be viewed caution. Usually, because low weights, less 10 mg <1wt% collagen. These minimum thresholds acceptability. We appreciate sincerely input archaeological environmental listed below providing comments their dates. Funding comes number sources, Environment Research Council (NERC), support very grateful for. Arts Humanities (AHRC) Heritage also contributed significant funding. entire staff ORAU, past present, greatly production published acknowledge gratefully careful work. Stanlow Samples human teeth 2004 salvage excavation site ploughed-out prehistoric burial mound Stanlow, Bradwell, Derbyshire (NGR SK 1691 7923). Sites Monuments Record Bronze Age barrow, but nature deposits artefacts recovered indicated primary assemblage might Neolithic date. Submitted Dr A. T. Chamberlain, Dept. Archaeol. Prehistory, Univ. Sheffield, Northgate House, S1 4ET. Wilson, Sandyway Cottage, Banktop Lane, Grindleford S32 2HN. OxA-16451 bone, Homo sapiens, Sample 1, =−20.0‰ 1338 ± 30 OxA-16453 2, =−20.3‰ 3668 35 OxA-16454 tooth, 3, =−21.0‰ 3639 34 Comment (A. W.): disarticulated remains two separate individuals: indistinguishable confirm monument originally burials Neolithic/early about bc. OxA-16451, complete skeleton, produced unexpected Anglian date indicating had re-used times. Such re-use monuments early medieval period relatively common (Williams 1998) other examples insertions into barrows known (Ozanne 1962–3; Collis 1983). Müstair, Kloster St. John taken skeleton found excavations Convent Müstair (Canton Grisons, Switzerland). C. Papageorgopoulou, Birmannsgasse 33, 4055 Basel, Switzerland. S. Osimitz, Director Museum & Butia, John, CH-7537 OxA-19366 grave 404, sapiens =−19.5‰ 1023 26 (S. O.): Along contained midget silver chalice inscription paten. location made us think Bishop Chur, whilst shape well point 10th 11th century ad. Only part inscription—...(R)TPERTUS—was preserved. Hartpertus (died 971 972) Nor(t)pertus 1088). goal analysis obtain scientific age determination enabled tell whether belongs ad, bishops buried Müstair. not entirely clear hoped for, it supports notion probably Hartpert, who died 972, laid rest near entrance church project scheduled 2009 (probably series ‘Müstair, Johann’). Baile Herculane (44:87:97N 22:41:25E), E. Trinkaus, Dept Anthropol., Campus Box 1114, Washington Univ., Louis, MO 63130-4899, USA. OxA-16327 Hot06-1, 5123 (E. T.): cranium Palaeolithic age, fact age. It adds growing well-dated middle Holocene Romania. San Nicolas Island, California (119:30:30E 33:14:30N) P. Martz, State KHC4068, 5151 University Drive, Los Angeles CA 90032, OxA-16576 #7105, =−11.0‰ 1593 27 OxA-16577 #7106, =−11.2‰ 1620 OxA-16578 #10250, =−12.1‰ 1013 OxA-16579 #10252, =−10.4‰ 840 OxA-16580 #7066, =−11.9‰ 641 25 OxA-16581 #7076, =−11.8‰ 826 (P. M.): evidence suggest southern Channel Islands occupied distinct cultural genetic populations. earliest brachycephalic group similar Chumash Indians who, time European contact, coast north northern Islands. A later dolicephalic Shoshonean (also Uto-Aztecan) speaking people territory included Orange County regions California. timing population replacement resolved. Island skulls bp (#7105) (#7106). (#10250) (#10252). presence brachycephalics consistent hypothesis they represent occupy island Clemente individual 1490 (UCLA-2592). However, burials, estimated 3000 ago. (840 (#10252) (#10250)) hypotheses population. Miguel (641 bp#7066) suggests social interaction between groups period. #7076 (brachycephalic) will helpful determining affiliation Islanders. Cova Clot de l’Hospital l’Hospital, Spain (40:46:10N 0:19:50E) Prof. J. M. Fullola i Pericot, Prehist. Historia Antiga Arqueol., S.E.R.P., Universitat Barcelona, E-08028 Spain. OxA-16421 Bovidae, CCH02/UBOX 34, 11 115 50 OxA-16572 Capra pyrenaica, CCH01/UBOX =−19.1‰ 045 45 (J. F-P.): coming cave fit lithic industries site. They atributed Late Upper Palaeolithic/Epipalaeolithic times, both closer Epipalaeolithic. means now better idea chronology site, area Catalonia, NE Moravia Neruda, Anthropos Inst., Moravian Museum, Zelny trh 6, 659 37, Brno, Czech Republic. Čertova Díra Cave, Northern Moravia, 49:58N 18:11E OxA-18568 Equus cabalus, CD2007-1, =−20.1‰ 42 400 550 N): Cave caves hill Kotouč Moravia. Recently completely destroyed modern limestone quarry. Excavation carried K. Maška end 19th century. He distinguished Middle layers hearths. first unstratified 14C dated Groningen burnt 29 430 (GrA-29904) must older reality. interesting stress correlated found. (OxA-18568) upper layer III (according Maška) related stone artefacts. (42 fits quite chronological position beginning EUP complex. Neanderthals same Šipka. Sipka 49:58:0.00N 18:11:59.99E P21170 SIPKA2007-1 FAILED due yield OxA-X-2256-42 SIPKA2007-2, =−20.8‰ > 41 100 Šipka most important located excavated concurrently Cave. major problems cave. concerns dating hearth Neanderthal lower jaw 1880. right spatial stratigraphical Laboratory. Due lack collagen, 39 940 40 000 bp. chosen comparison, failed yield. second question existence layers, noted IV. critical revision faunal did division. corridor Krápníková Chodba component accumulation remains, occupation approximate difficult compare III. being processed. Kůlna Karst, 49:39:59.99N 17:12:59.99E OxA-18567 animal, KULNA2007-1, 52 700 2300 complex contains penultimate glaciation (OIS 6) Weichselian glaciation. temporal relationship 7a 6a. Micoquian around kyr uncal TL method. Theoretical calibration therefore well. uppermost 6a radiocarbon. Within context intentional cut marks selected dating. defined sector supposed BP, confirmed. exceeds 7a, view younger. Both easily controlled differed colour. Now decide factors necessary solve problem. Balcarka 49:37N 17:15E OxA-18494 charcoal, 2007-1 S0701U2, =−23.3‰ 810 OxA-18495 2007-2 11, =−23.9‰ 28 360 140 P21385 2007-3 P4 (Moravia) Magdalenian, Epimagdalenian occupations documented. New adjustment inner system rescue Pleistocene sediments posterior hall. main reconstruct original stratigraphic sequence codification Magdalenian horizons. Unfortunately, only limited stratigraphy soil wall bank charcoal reindeer. level Magdalenian/Epimagdalenian horizon (Valoch Neruda 2005). (charcoal) layer. (28 surprising opens possible time. cannot correlate records. stressed modification half 20th uncovered (bone) According mentioned above can just estimate glacial. One probe situated left side describe front base residual volume slope valley. Lostice, 50:12N 17:32E OxA-18493 Alnus glutinosa/Carpinus, 2007-1, =−25.6‰ 4317 Loštice open-air Institute 2006 (Neruda Nerudová press). majority burins Lacan 40–60 cm under surface changed and/or macroscopically intact sediment botanic charcoals probable contamination material younger confirms Eneolithic demonstrated ceramic rests fragments. determined (e.g. TL) opening concentration 2 looks disturbed. Pestera Cioclovina, 45:35N 23:07E, Romania OxA-16328 Ursus spelaeus, Cio05-3, 600 helps secure remaining column Cioclovina. Muierii, 45:12N 23:46E, OxA-16380 Panthera spelaea, Mui05-8, 47 500 900 OxA-16381 Mui05-9, 950 450 OxA-16382 Mui05-10, =−20.2‰ OxA-16383 Mui05-11, =−20.7‰ relate Galeria Principala Baia Fier, Romania, sites Dog Hole Haverbrack Cumbria SD 486803) J.W. Jackson 1912. Further 1950s (Benson Bland 1963) ourselves 2003. Since 2003 excavations, renewed caving activity exposed bones. D. Wilkinson, Biological Earth Sciences, Liverpool Moores Byrom St, Liverpool, L3 3AF. OxA-15994 =−19.9‰ 1734 OxA-15995 Canis familiaris, 1890 (D. statistically previous (OxA-14173). shows least humans third dog (OxA-15995) collected disturbed activity. clearly come underlying 1950s. (while still Romano-British) somewhat earlier humans. An Corran, Skye pig within bioturbated shell midden Corran (NG4912 6850), 1993 Roger Miket others (Saville 2004). ACO627 (navicular, left), ACO632 (lumbar vertebrae), ACO458 (cervical ACO143 (rib), ACO132, ACO178 ACO713 cattle bone. kind permission Alan Saville National Scotland. Dates AHRB grant (B/RG/AN1717/APN14658). N. Milner, Archaeol., York. OxA-13549 ACO627, =−19.4‰ 4650 55 OxA-13550 ACO632, =−20.5‰ 4360 OxA-13551 ACO143, =−21.5‰ 7485 OxA-13552 ACO458, 4535 OxA-14751 Bos taurus, ACO132,C36, =−22.3‰ 7555 OxA-14752 ACO178,C36, =−22.0‰ 7595 OxA-14753 Taurus, ACO713, C34, =−21.6‰ 7525 (N. isotopic studies performed selection four thought human. much (i.e., Mesolithic) examined again László Bartosiewicz, Terry O’Connor Don Brothwell, whom confirmed pig. Mesolithic comparable midden: red deer bevel-ended tool 7590 90 (OxA-4994); ruminant long 6420 75 (AA-27746) broken fragment 6215 60 (AA-29316) (Ashmore another previously 4405 65 (AA-27744). occurrence middens west Isotopes analysed domesticated, size, thus likely auroch. work investigating palaeodiet Mesolithic–Neolithic transition. Broomend Critchie, Scotland Crichie, Aberdeen NJ 778 196), R. J Bradley, Reading. OxA-18251 Corylus, BRO 07 2017, S.185, =−27.0‰ 3327 OxA-18252 Betula, 2033, S.186, =−26.9‰ 3432 Comment: (R. B.): together, substantial timber circle built immediately outside well-known henge Crichie after earthwork constructed. wooden structure may phases cremation cemetery established inside henge. Wetzlar-Dalheim Wetzlar-Dalheim, B49 (50:33N 8:27E), Laubach-Freienseen (50:33:29N 9:04:42E) Mosbach-Quarry, Wiesbaden (50:02:18N 8:15:47E), Germany. Sabine Schade-Lindig, Landesamt fur Denkmalpflege Hessen, Abt. Archaologishche Denkmalpflege, Schloss Biebrich – Ostflugel, D-65203 Wiesbaden, Laubach-Freienseen, 50:33:29N 9:04:42E, Germany OxA-16545 053231, =−19.2‰ 975 OxA-16586 wood, 053234, =−29.1‰ 948 B49, 50:33N 8:27E, OxA-16556 leafwood, C3053, =−25.4‰ 1073 32 OxA-16557 C3054, 1260 OxA-16558 C3059, =−26.9 ‰ 1093 OxA-16587 C235, =−24.6‰ 1273 OxA-16588 C3051, =−24.3‰ 972 OxA-16589 C3052, =−26.1‰ OxA-16590 C3055, =−25.3‰ 1296 OxA-16591 Quercus sp., C3056, =−24.8‰ 1332 OxA-16592 C3057, 1758 OxA-16593 C3058, =−24.6 1278 OxA-16594 ashes, C4051, =−24.4‰ 921 OxA-16595 C4049, =−23.4‰ 1258 OxA-16596 C4047, 6203 OxA-16615 C234, =−19.3‰ 1367 OxA-16616 C4050, 1503 OxA-16646 C4048, =−26.5‰ 6135 50:02:18N 8:15:47E, OxA-16648 Marmota bobak, 150/93, 38 850 OxA-16649 55/03, =−19.7‰ S.-L. mostly helpful. generally identify areas times certain types belong periods. Also, show regular Carolingian activities took place alongside high iron smelting. comparison relevance surrounding features, appear slightly (50 years), unexpected, wood fuel course grew some its felling caused (OxA-16557/Sample C3054/feature 3016 OxA-16592/Sample C3057/feature 3030). exactly reverse expected. Finds deposit containing C3054 precisely On hand C3057 should medieval, none Early Medieval. Therefore, features (OxA-17095/ A305/ feature OxA-17096/ A3020/ accelerator are: OxA-17095 A305, 1712 OxA-17096 A3020, =−23.7‰ 1307 exchange mix-up somewhere line. Coma del Poll Poll, (41:54:42N 0:55:30E) OxA-16422 CP.N.II/UBOX 35, 3245 OxA-16423 CP.N.III/UBOX 36, 3282 OxA-16613 Ovis Capra?, CP.N.VI/UBOX =−19.6‰ 3140 (Alòs Balaguer, Lleida) coincide chronostratigraphical records, is, stages Age. geoarchaeological allows sedimentary pedologic processes. help palaeoenvironmental north-east Iberian Peninsula. Colomera 1 little expected, Neolithic, epicardial Neolithic. Because seed came top level, selection, derive level. excavation, however, pottery. stockpit EE, what epicampaniform pottery, transitional IIIrd IInd millenium cal Parco OxA-17730 UBOX 39-Parco 10, =−23.1‰ 13 095 070 synchronous shelter Montlleó OxA-X-2234-52 horse, 40-Montlleo 16 110 observed technological studies. Up (15 15 respectively) presumed old dates, examining geomorphology sure taphonomic influences concerned. Lab comment: (1120 yielded 5.6 gelatin), threshold (or 1wt% collagen). CN atomic ratio, 3.3, acceptable. OxA-X’ed reasons. Foradada OxA-17818 46-Foradada 304 23 (2200 1500 bc), consider correct. Maybe badly selected. Cuina Turcului tooth Turcului, Alexandru Dinu, 2107 Waunona Way, Madison, WI 53713, OxA-18354 Cervus elaphus, CT =−21.3‰ 6990 D.): suggested (Boric Dimitrijevic 2007
Archaeometry