Les chants liturgiques chrétiens en Occident, source nouvelle pour la connaissance de l'Antiquité tardive: une archéologie musicale au service de l'histoire
Philippe Bernard
In late Antiquity, there existed local and regional liturgical chants, centered on the Mediterranean world -the most important being Roman, Milanese, Beneventan, Gallican. Spanish chants. The history of these which precociously used Psalter in hymnody played only a secondary or paraliturgical role, went through several significant stages. All chants emergedfrom "cantillatio" Psalms, that is, melody taking form simple recitation unison, having modal chord ornamented with vocalizations key grammatical assages text, made it perfectly intelligible. This intoning Psalms first occurred without participation congregation, who listened silently to Psalm sung by one more soloists ; is stage, psalmody refrain (of second half 3rd century years 380-420). Toward beginning 41th century, when congregation henceforth were capable answering soloist short refrain, type was abandoned favor responsorial psalmody, prevailed until around 520. At time appeared Rome Schola cantorum, succeeded creating new thus bringing about diversity liturgies, renovating older inherited from chorus psalmody. These shortened few verses considerably embellished purely decorative function. With Roman schola, music no longer ancilla verbi. reached peak toward 8th : period formation had come an end, since each liturgy all needed. It at this moment took root Frankish Gaul, as result alliance between Papacy Carolingians, put themselves under unifying ecclesiological influence patronized Gregorian chant -derived fusion Gallican 743 840. [Author. Translated D. Parrish]
Antiquité tardive