The Susanna Crystal of Lothar II: Chastity, the Church, and Royal Justice
Genevra Kornbluth
The meaning of the ninth-century Susanna Crystal has never been satisfactorily explained. Lauer's 1908 hypothesis connects gem with attempted divorce Lothar II. Carolingian polemic literature and commentaries on Daniel 13 suggest three broader interpretations: herself is Ecclesia, or she an example Chastity, entire episode illustration just judgment. last these most fully supported by object. cycle crystal includes compositionally emphasizes summoning (not normally illustrated), carefully differentiates between interrogation condemnation. A judge public viewers are added to biblical narrative. All features stress proper functioning legal resembles a king, prominent inscription (LOTHARIVS REX FRANCORVM ME FIERI IVSSIT) draws attention patronage II (855-869). unusual wording this stresses Lothar's position, his role as patron, link him people. Just judgment frequently cited in theoretical works one important characteristics ideal king. may claim royal virtue for
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