Agricultural production
Adriaan Verhulst
Carolingian agriculture was, to an extent, practised by free independent peasants, though these had probably been more numerous in the preceding Merovingian period. The discussion this chapter will concentrate on big landownership because so little is known about peasants compared with what we know large estates. state, particularly its military organisation, was principle based upon existence of a class people, mainly peasants. Gifts landed property churches, especially eighth and ninth centuries, were often made people who ran peasant farm, sometimes help unfree servants (mancipia). Nearly nothing size farms, which can be supposed have diverse. Peasants might enjoyed rights woods, pastures other uncultivated land belonging community whose members they were. location composition problem, for relation population centre organised estate not at all clear. Often, farms located near or even midst royal ecclesiastical manors.
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