The Church as a Governance Actor in a Period of Post-Imperial Transition: Delegation of Fiscal Rights and Legal Change in 10th-century Churraetia
Stefan Esders
Taking the Alpine region of Churraetia as a case study, this paper investigates processes fiscal delegation, their preconditions, legal construction, and consequences. As maintained many features Roman provincial administration statehood well into Carolingian period, articleâs first part traces how revenues rights came to be delegated episcopal church Chur via royal privilege from mid-9th century until 960. The delegation usually happened in special situations when kings grantees agreed on closer cooperation future. In course process, which eventually turned former province an ecclesiastical principality, became governance actor that would play crucial rule exercising public functions such tax collection, jurisdiction military recruitment. Ecclesiastical property (often deriving munificence) income indispensable means for performing these functions. second focuses situation 912 newly elected East Frankish king Conrad I, ruler non-Carolingian stock, conferred two privileges Chur: Conradâs grant right conduct inquisition procedure by compulsory witness order protect effectively meant procedural law typical Â»public sphereÂ« now hands bishop Chur. stipulation, thirty-year period proscription should not applied against interest Chur, has seen background pluralism region, several traditions were conflict: while allowed slave rid himself his master after thirty years, Aleman forbade this, just idea was regarded inalienable spoke application thirty-years detriment church. Responding networks supporting rule, thus had prescription branded Â»bad customÂ« (mala consuetudo). is finally argued more general perspective, historical political transition change could lead new qualification what formerly been positive terms Â»customÂ«.
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