:From Paradise to Paradigm: A Study of Twelfth‐Century Humanism.(Brill's Studies in Intellectual History, number 127.)
Constance B. Bouchard
The term “humanism” has a number of very different meanings, perfectly intelligible to the scholars who work on time periods for which it is used as an analytic framework even though its meaning these noncongruent. For twenty-first century, humanism secularism opposed religiosity; Italian Renaissance, study classical literature and culture; those studying twelfth period's assumption that humanity physical world, with their relationship God, were human understanding. Richard W. Southern first gave this medieval intellectual history, here adopted by Dutch scholar Willemien Otten. Otten, following Southern, resists tendency some modern draw artificial distinction between twelfth-century scholasticism, former was practiced only in monasteries, latter schools. Otten does, however, concentrate philosophy rather than regularization theology canon law emerging universities. thinkers whom he focuses, especially Peter Abelard, Alan Lille, William Conches, among most influential philosophers. He uses concept address broad range topics, all suggests discussed context optimistic rationalism.
The American Historical Review