Coin legends and epigraphy
Rory Naismith
Meaningful inscriptions on coins of the period covered by this volume consist predominantly names, typically those ruler who presided over issuing kingdom, moneyer responsible for production and mint-place at which he was based. It only in tenth eleventh centuries that all three these elements became standard, however; earlier times name and/or generally used, before mid-eighth century any meaningful inscription unusual. Details (ruler, mint moneyer) are arranged Indexes pp. 873–901. Other words, mostly religious formulations, also occur from time to time.