The French Revolution, Napoleon, and Nationalism in Europe
Michael Rowe
The outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789 resulted from a longer-term transformation political culture. Central to this was emergence self-conscious public opinion that viewed itself as national and sovereign. failure monarchy adapt development culminated its removal. nation now sovereign, hence able set aside all existing laws privileges. In terms France’s relationship with rest World, initially heralded new era fraternity. This proved ephemeral war engulfed Europe 1792 1815. France, encouraged solidarity entire country mobilized. As persisted broke down chasm developed between civilians soldiers. latter were increasingly motivated by cult honour found ultimate expression Napoleon Bonaparte. He seized control France 1799, then built up an empire which element diluted each conquest. Napoleonic imperialism turn triggered reactions other parts where opposition exploitation manifested amongst ordinary people. Intellectuals some politicians sought harness popular sentiment preaching hatred, extent assisted massive mobilization effort necessary defeat Napoleon. However, following victory Europe’s rulers quickly suppressed rhetoric liberation, they recognized danger it posed their own position.
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