In search of the perfect wilderness. Anchoritism in Cistercian art and spirituality
Dariusz Tabor
The anchoretic trend in Cistercian spirituality has always been the subject of many studies. anchoritism analysed by researchers such as George Duby, Terryl Kinder, Janet Burton and Julie Krery, Mette Bruun Emilia Jamroziak. Exordium parvum Vita Sancti Bernardi are basic sources containing key information on origins order. They describe departure Robert Molesme his group a journey to wilderness (ad eremum) order find better conditions for practising rule St. Benedict following forefathers – Egyptian monks. Clairvaux II, Pontigny Fontenay first Burgundian churches Cistercians took form three-nave basilica with transept (1130–1160). temples were supposed provide best setting contemplation. so-called “Bernardine plan” was applied second generation churches, e.g. Fossanova, San Galgano, Casamari, Arabona, Haina (1148–1180). However, plan not only architectural solution concerning churches. There also presbytery culminated straight wall, surrounded an ambulatory: Morimond, Ebrach, Ridaghshausen, Lubiąż; apsidal enclosure: Altzella, Sittich/Stiĉna,Valbuena, Huerta, Floran, Faleri or multi-sided cathedral ambulatory circle chapels: Ourscamp, Veruela, Poblet period from 1140 1180, Alcobaça, Vaucelle, Longpont, Royaumont, Varhem Altenberg 1180 1240. Kinder Megan Cassidy noticed factor shaping significance church space light. An important aspect is lectio divina, which monk finds himself kind spiritual desert, facing Word own. A consequence attitude warfare expressed number miniatures depicting human struggle threatening beast codexes Commantarii Danielem Hieronymus (Dijon, Bibliothèque Municipale 132), Moralia In Iob Gregory Great Municipale, 168), 173). exceptional message found initial A(d te levavi) gradual Kamieniec (Wrocław University Library, IF 411), presenting biblical figure David playing music kneeling arms raised.
Folia Historica Cracoviensia|DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)|Folia Historica Cracoviensia (Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie)