A NEW LOOK AT OLD ROMAN CHANT - II
KENNETH LEVY
I. THE MUSIC: GALL-TO-GREG-TO-ROMFor archaeologists of plainchant - those who deal with the music before there are notational records focus has been on repertories ROM-11 and GREG-8/10.Thanks to Susan Rankin David Ganz for many improvements. Abbreviations repertories: ROM = Old Roman; GREG Gregorian; GALL Gallican; MOZ Hispanic or Mozarabic. Numerals indicate a century range centuries: GREG-8/10 Gregorian recension, text witnesses late eighth century, as represented in R.-J. Hesbert, Antiphonale missarum sextuplex [hereafter AMS] (Brussels, 1935), first musical tenth Graduale triplex, ed. M.-C. Billecocq R. Fischer (Solesmes, 1979); ROM-8 Roman states century; ROM-9/11 ninth through eleventh centuries, that Die Gesänge des altrömischen Vat. Lat. 5319, B. Stäblein M. Landwehr-Melnicki (Monumenta monodica medii aevi, 2; Kassel, 1970). Each represents ‘Roman’ practice. appears handful manuscripts from region Rome, dating thirteenth centuries; liturgical usage is Urban. hundreds all over Europe, verbal texts reaching back neumatic notations ninth. In textual respects near twin ROM, yet it clear marks formulation Frankish north. respects, what most significant about they share certain amounts modal-melodic substance, differ markedly process, style detail. It major challenge define relationships determine mean earlier developments.D. Hiley, Western Plainchant: A Handbook (Oxford, 1993) summarises positions (pp. 561-2); recent book-length contributions include P. Bernard, Du chant romain au grégorien (Paris, 1996); Haas, Mündliche Überlieferung und altrömische Choral (Bern, 1997); T. Karp, Aspects Orality Formularity Chant (Evanston, 1998); J. W. McKinnon, The Advent Project: Later Seventh-Century Creation Mass Proper (Berkeley, 2000).
Early Music History