Gentile- und Reichsadel am östlichen Rand des Karolingischen Reiches
Abstract At the eastern border of Carolingian Empire two different groups elite emerged. When referred to, individuals in one were called either by personal names, or name area they governed; other group their people. Members first administered territorial units central former Avar Khaganate just like chief officials and royal vassals interior Empire. The members second (indirect) allies Avars had own tribal prince gentile nobles. administrative centres province Pannoniae developed synchrony with inner Empire, while power outside special settlement structures showing a conglomerate courts nobility.
Acta archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae (Print)|Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences)