The Third Wave: Islamization of Europe, or Europanization of Islam?
Maurits Berger
Abstract To understand the concerns and issues related to Muslims Islam in Europe, this article makes use of a framework that qualifies ‘Islam’ as two manifestations ‘physical’ ‘virtual’ ‘Europe’ discourses defined political-legal cultural-religious discourse. The resulting matrix these four dimensions will be applied several main interaction between Europe: numerical presence Muslims, their visibility, legacy centuries European-Islamic interaction, (in)compatibility Islamic European values. Based on examples, author observes regarding mostly relate virtual are dominated by therefore questions often-heard two-choice question ‘Europanization Islam’ or ‘Islamization Europe’, arguing real choice made Europe is whether it adhere its values, such liberalism, equalit human rights, prefer
Journal of Muslims in Europe