„Herrschaft“ in der karolingischen Welt: Erwartungen und Verwirklichung, Repräsentation und Symbolik
Hans−Werner Goetz
Resumen: El poder en el mundo carolingio: expectativas y realizaciones, representacion simbologia. Tras algunas observaciones preliminares acerca de la tradicion las investigaciones alemanas (sobre los conceptos estado) articulo presente, basandose recientes, esboza segun cuatro planteamientos situacion del reino carolingio conforme a epoca, como potencia mas importante entonces: «Estado carolingio» se caracteriza lo exterior tanto por sus vinculos dinasticos tension producto tendencias unificacion politica fragmentacion reino, cual paulatinamente resultaran reinos parciales. ejercicio interior esta determinado una red (indisociable) instituciones (oficios e «iglesia real») lazos personales, reyes «itinerantes» asi mediante «poder consensual» acuerdo con rey senores. Esto determina igualmente orden social, que, al contrario que proponen tradicionales, ni estaba conformado un «sistema» feudal asentado (como combinacion vasallaje «beneficio») disponia estructuras feudales uniformes, sino mostraba variedad personales formas senoriales. Las propuestas investigacion actuales (incluyendo autor) consideran parte imaginario politico contemporaneos, ofrecen imagen clara gracia Dios buen rey, quien excedia otros autoridad virtud, sobresalia defensa expansion salvaguardia paz justicia interior, respeto leyes social. No obstante, es ya tiempos carolingios organismo establecido (transpersonal), desligado persona rey. Por otra parte, foco interes aspectos simbologia poder, determinan acciones publicas cedulario, percepcion historiadores medievales o imagenes senalan representante mundo. En motivada teologicamente, pone manifiesto Estado su expresion significativa ilustrativa vez. Palabras clave: Reino franco, Estado, politica, poder. Abstract: Power in the Carolingian world: expectations and realizations, representations symbolism After some opening remarks on German tradition of research (the concept “Herrschaft” sovereignity “state”), it is intention this article to summarize specific conditions kingdom as most important power epoch, basis recent research, by pursuing four aspects: The state characterized externally dynastic bonds well between political unity divisions which resulted gradual formation independent kingdoms. Internally, practice (“Herrschaftspraxis”) was determined an (inseparable) network institutions (offices “imperial church”) personal bonds, itinerate kingship, decisions that were reached consensus king his influential followers (“konsensuale Herrschaft”). Such equally characterize social order which, contrary former opinions, neither “feudal system” (vassalage fiefs) nor uniform “feudal” structures, but variety seigneurial forms power. More (including my own), one hand, directed towards concepts contemporary people present distinct image (divine) ideal king, who surpassed others authority virtues stood out due defending expanding realm outwardly safeguarding peace justice also respecting law order. kingdom, however, had then already become fixed (transpersonal) factor could be detached from king’s person. On other modern focused representation public actions no less than form charters, perception historiographers or book illuminations showing God’s deputy earth. In power, conceived politically theologically, finds its significant at same time illustrative expression. Key words: Frankish order, expectations, symbology
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing