The Islamic Monetary Standard: The Dinar and Dirham
Adam Abdullah
The Shari’ah not only considers the Islamic monetary standard as a medium of exchange, unit account, store value and deferred payment, but functions money also determine legal injunctions concerning zakat (poor tax), jizya (poll kharaj (tax on conquered territory), diyyat (blood-money), sariqa (theft), mahar (dowry) sarf (exchange). This study seeks to clarify weight dinar dirham, since they impart justice part law. Through library research content analysis literature from hadith, scholars, mint-masters writers, different regions had weights coin standards, which might imply differing opinions what constitutes dirham. However, narrations have clarified relationships between Byzantine mithqal Persia, Makkah, Syria, Egypt Iraq. Combined with additional numismatic metrological surviving coins glass weights, we discover that each mithqal, daniq, qirat, habbah khardal are defined differently, reflect same Prophet (s.a.w.s.) was later externalized minting first dinars dirhams by Caliph cAbd al-Malik ibn Marwan, involving modern equivalents 4.25g 2.975g.
Uluslararası İslam ekonomisi ve finansı araştırmaları dergisi