From Politeness1 to Politeness2: Tracking norms of im/politeness across time and space
Marina Terkourafi
Increasing attention to the distinction between first- and second-order im/politeness has led considerable soul-searching among theorists regarding which of two should form basis a theory im/politeness. In this article, I take an alternative path: build on norms Politeness1, as attested in influential texts laying out Politeness1 different parts world from antiquity day, extract them core elements Politeness2. By affording us with some glimpses into diachronic intertwining Politeness2, analysis helps explain why it been so difficult keep these notions apart previous research. At same time, suggests possible ways forward. Specifically, survey reveals overarching themes role politeness (and, by implication, impoliteness) cultures. The first concerns social regulatory norms, while second relationship underlying morality. propose that be placed at heart empirically grounded
Journal of politeness research