Carolingian Arms and Armor in the Ninth Century
Simon Coupland
Arms and Armor in the Ninth Century. Unlike most previous studies, present article considers armament carried by Frankish troops ninth century, after period of Carolingian expansion. To this end it examines documentary, archeological, art-historical evidence, reaching conclusion that many contemporary ivories manuscript illuminations reproduced current conditions, rather than merely copying antique models as has often been believed. A clear distinction emerges between owned wealthy few, who could afford to be mounted, mass common soldiers. Only rich purchase metal helmets or body armor, which probably took form a Romanic cuirass. Swords were likewise costly items, particularly improvements manufacturing technology place under Charlemagne. But virtually all wooden shield lance, standard weapon for infantry cavalry alike. Although archery was ...
Viator