Medieval York
Stefania Merlo Perring
The medieval period in York spans from the end of Roman rule Britain 410 ce to early 16th century, when Reformation had a dramatic impact on religious and secular institutions urban space. fortress Eboracum was founded c. 71 strategic location at confluence two rivers. annexed civil settlement late 2nd century became provincial capital. emperors resided control northern border; Constantine proclaimed emperor there 313 Christianity established by 314 ce. After period, archaeological sources suggest that human activity site; however, is no clear evidence for continuity life. From 627 written indicate wooden church dedicated Saint Peter within walls bishop Paulinus, Gregorian missionary sent convert local pagan population. Archaeological shows, Anglian Eoforvic located rivers outside walls. By 866 ce, time Viking conquest, must have been prosperous town, with commercial cultural exchanges Carolingian world. Under rulers, Anglo-Scandinavian town Jorvik flourished. Churches, cemeteries, possibly centers power were walls, while densely populated residential areas developed along Trade exchange Northern Europe wider network. In 1066 Norman Conquest great York’s environment institutions. Changes occurred 11th shaped form life city influenced its development centuries come. cathedral, Minster, re-founded rebuilt; castles built style rivers; gates defenses enhanced; parish churches, monasteries, royal mansions, houses, bridges stone 13th grown economic importance; 1212 communality obtained charter civic government developed. 14th center wool trade wealthiest England; private public buildings extensively rebuilt rich culture flourishing. Despite 15th crisis, remained regional capital England until period.