Charlemagne’s Defeat in the Pyrenees
Xabier Irujo
The Battle of Errozabal (Rencesvals) is the one most significant historical events eighth century Vasconia and in all Western Europe. present monograph examines Charlemagne’s campaign from perspective military history but also as part a complex socio-political process that began after Muslim conquest Iberian Peninsula 711 culminated with creation Kingdom Pamplona 824. battle had major (and largely underappreciated) consequences for Carolingian Empire. It enjoyed remarkable legacy topic oldest European epic poems, La Chanson de Roland. took place Pyrenean pass on 15 August 778 defined development world, lie at heart early medieval contribution to later period.