UnicodeString DecimalQuantity::toScientificString() const {
    U_ASSERT(!isApproximate);
    UnicodeString result;
    if (isNegative()) {
        result.append(u'-');
    }
    if (precision == 0) {
        result.append(u"0E+0", -1);
        return result;
    }
    // NOTE: It is not safe to add to lOptPos (aka maxInt) or subtract from
    // rOptPos (aka -maxFrac) due to overflow.
    int32_t upperPos = std::min(precision + scale, lOptPos) - scale - 1;
    int32_t lowerPos = std::max(scale, rOptPos) - scale;
    int32_t p = upperPos;
    result.append(u'0' + getDigitPos(p));
    if ((--p) >= lowerPos) {
        result.append(u'.');
        for (; p >= lowerPos; p--) {
            result.append(u'0' + getDigitPos(p));
        }
    }
    result.append(u'E');
    int32_t _scale = upperPos + scale;
    if (_scale < 0) {
        _scale *= -1;
        result.append(u'-');
    } else {
        result.append(u'+');
    }
    if (_scale == 0) {
        result.append(u'0');
    }
    int32_t insertIndex = result.length();
    while (_scale > 0) {
        std::div_t res = std::div(_scale, 10);
        result.insert(insertIndex, u'0' + res.rem);
        _scale = res.quot;
    }
    return result;
}
The software performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound, when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This can introduce other weaknesses when the calculation is used for resource management or execution control.