        function isDirective(node) {
            return (
                node.type === "ExpressionStatement" &&
                node.expression.type === "Literal" &&
                typeof node.expression.value === "string"
            );
        }
The software constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component.