function readUInt32BE(buf, offset) {
  return (buf[offset++] * 16777216)
         + (buf[offset++] * 65536)
         + (buf[offset++] * 256)
         + buf[offset];
}
The software constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component.