PMC10086121_01
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma with liver metastases. The table shows the tests performed. The figure shows the radioscopic images of the catheter position (arrows) for selective venous sampling in the left venous angle (A), in the right atrium (B), and in the right hepatic vein (F), and for peripheral sampling in the right femoral vein (G). In the PET CT scan at staging (C, H), 5 months later (D, I) and 8 months later (E, L) the arrows indicate the liver metastases and the primary pancreatic cancer before treatment (C, H), the therapeutic response in the liver, where some lesions (arrows) remain (D, I), and the absence of uptake in the pancreas. At the end of chemotherapy there is still weak uptake in the liver metastases whereas the almost complete response in the pancreas continues (E, L).
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F1
Figure 1 shows the course of the investigations, the images relating to the selective sampling method and the PET CT finding of malignant disease.
PMC10086121_02
Prostate adenocarcinoma. The table shows the tests perfomed. The figures show the multiparametric MRI detecting the tumor (B, C), the PSMA with marginal positivity (D), and right transfemoral catheterization of the hypogastric veins for ctDNA sampling (E, F) with the veins opacified by injection of contrast medium. The two sides are connected by the pelvic venous plexus.
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F2
A 65-year-old man with a family history of a brother who underwent surgery for prostate cancer at the age of 63 years underwent urological examination, multiparametric MRI and PSMA (Figure 2) after a finding of raised PSA at 4.63 ng/mL. Figure 2 shows the course of the tests and radiological imaging.
PMC10086121_03
Thalamic tumor in a patient with previously resected pulmonary adenocarcinoma. High field MRI shows an enhancing mass (arrow) within the right thalamus (A, D). MR spectroscopy shows a high peak of Cho with inversion of Cho/NAA and high Cho/Cr ratios with a lipid peak, compatible with the suspicion of a glial tumor (B). Right jugular vein where sampling has been obtained detecting ALK mutation variant (E). High field MRI acquired 8 months later reveals the mass (arrow) has increased in size (C, F).
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F3
Figure 3 shows the imaging of the brain lesion and the selective sampling method involving retrograde catheterization of the right jugular vein.