PMC6357285_01
(A) Pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; T1-weighted sequence after gadolinium enhancement) showing a large mass with regular borders and surrounding edema, exerting a mass effect on the adjacent frontal lobe and a 12-mm left-to-right midline shift. (B) Post-operative MRI (T1-weighted sequence after gadolinium enhancement) demonstrating complete tumor removal.
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F1
Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium enhancement showed a large mass with regular borders and surrounding edema, exerting a mass effect on the adjacent frontal lobe (Figure 1A). Surgery was suggested and successfully performed, with complete resection, as indicated in the postoperative MRI (Figure 1B).
(A) Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; T1-weighted sequence after gadolinium enhancement) showing the fusiform thickening of the localized dura mater in the left frontal-temporal lobe, which is vividly enhanced with contrast; (B) Brain MRI (T1-weighted sequence) showing the fusiform thickening of the localized dura mater in the left frontal-temporal lobe. (C,D) Brain MRI (T1- and T2-weighted sequence) showing a large area of softening lesion and glial hyperplasia in the left frontal-temporal lobe.
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F2
A few days prior to the visit (in December 2017), he had undergone a brain MRI, which showed a softening lesion, glial hyperplasia, and localized thickening and enhancement of the dura (Figure 2A) in the left frontal-temporal lobe. In March 2018, the MRI of the eyes demonstrated a stronger signal of the cerebral dura (Figure 2B), a large area of the softening lesion, and glial hyperplasia (Figures 2C,D) in the left frontal-temporal lobe, as observed previously.
(A,B)
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography revealing low glucose metabolism in the left frontal-temporal lobe.
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F3
However, no signs of tumor were indicated on the 18F-FDG PET scan performed in February 2018 (Figures 3A,B).