PMC9553841_01
Pretreatment facial and intraoral photographs.
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The contact between the permanent canines and roots of the lateral incisors caused labial inclination of the incisors (Figure 1). Cephalometric analysis revealed a skeletal Class I relationship (ANB angle 3.2 ) and normal inclination of the angle of the upper and lower central incisors (U1 to SN angle 114.9 /FMIA 59.7 ) (Figure 2 and Table 1).
Pretreatment lateral cephalometric radiograph and cephalometric tracing.
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Cephalometric analysis revealed a skeletal Class I relationship (ANB angle 3.2 ) and normal inclination of the angle of the upper and lower central incisors (U1 to SN angle 114.9 /FMIA 59.7 ) (Figure 2 and Table 1).
Pretreatment panoramic radiograph and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. (a) The impacted bilateral canines were mesially inclined. (b) The angle of inclination to the maxillary dental midline was 33  on the right side (alpha) and 43  on the left side (beta). (c) According to Ericson and Kurol's classification, tooth 13 had grade 4 impaction and tooth 23 had grade 5 impaction. (d) Both canines were located on the buccal side and the roots of the four incisors were resorbed (D1; three dimensional CBCT image, D-2; coronal view, D-3; sagittal view, D-4; axial view).
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Panoramic radiography revealed that the bilateral maxillary canines were mesially inclined (Figure 3(a)), and the angle between the tooth axis and the maxillary dental midline was 33  on the right side and 43  on the left side (Figure 3(b)). According to Ericson and Kurol's classification 3, the medial displacement of the crown of the canine in relation to the long axis of the incisors reflected grade 4 impaction of tooth 13 (Federation Dentaire Internationale tooth numbering system) and grade 5 impaction of tooth 23 (Figure 3(c)). Cone-beam computed tomography showed that the canine crowns with cystic changes were located on the buccal aspect, between the maxillary bilateral central incisors, and that the lateral incisor roots were resorbed (Figure 3(d)).