PMC8371666_01
Retinography and fluorescein angiography evidencing (a) active venous vasculitis with perivascular hemorrhages and retinal ischemia in the nasal quadrants OD in patient 1and (b) after medical treatment and scatter laser photocoagulation.
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fig1
PMC8371666_02
Retinography and fluorescein angiography evidencing (a) active venous vasculitis with perivascular hemorrhages and retinal ischemia in the nasal quadrants OD in patient 1and (b) after medical treatment and scatter laser photocoagulation.
CRIOPM2021-1056659.001.jpg
PMC8371666_02_CRIOPM2021-1056659.001.jpg
fig1
Image of ocular fundus showing (a) active venous vasculitis with hemorrhages in all retinal quadrants in both eyes in patient 2 and (b) after treatment, including scatter laser photocoagulation and intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy.
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fig2
Dilated ocular fundus examination showed vitritis, vitreous haemorrhage, and extensive retinal venous vasculitis with haemorrhages in all retinal quadrants and macular edema (Figure 2).
Fluorescein angiography showing (a) retinal venous vasculitis, perivascular hemorrhages, and severe retinal ischemia in both eyes in patient 2 and (b) after treatment, including scatter laser photocoagulation.
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fig3
Fluorescein angiography showed bilateral severe occlusive venous vasculitis associated with paramacular, midperipheral, and peripheral retinal ischemia (Figure 3), and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) revealed cystoid macular edema (CME) in both eyes (Table 1).
PMC8371666_03
Fluorescein angiography showing significant occlusive vasculitis associated with peripheral ischemia, hemorrhages, and neovascularization in both eyes in patient 3.
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fig4
Fluorescein angiography showed retinal venous vasculitis with peripheral ischemia and neovascularization in both eyes, with no suggestive appearance of diabetic retinopathy (Figure 4).