PMC4703874_01
PMC4703874_02
Dog 1. Longitudinal (a) and transversal (b) ultrasound scans of the left submandibular gland - ventral approach. There is enlargement of the gland with a hinomogeneous, hypo echoic parenchyma and small hyperechoic calcific foci (arrows).
OpenVetJ-5-173-g001.jpg
PMC4703874_02_OpenVetJ-5-173-g001.jpg
F1
Presence of the following ultrasonographic abnormalities were recorded: left submandibular gland enlargement with increased sphericity index, well-circumscribed, hypoechoic, inhomogeneous parenchymal echogenicity with several small mineral foci and tortuous vessels (Fig. 1).
Dog 1. Unenhanced (a) and contrast-enhanced (b) transverse comptuted tomography images of the neoplastic left mandibular gland. Oblique Dorsal multiplanar reformatted CT images at level of mandibular glands (c) and medial retropharyngeal lymphnodes (d). The affected gland appeared enlarged compared to the contralateral one (c) with parenchimal mineralizations (black arrows) and small hypoattenuating areas suggestive of necrosis (b, arrowhead). The left medial retropharyngeal lymph node (b, single arrow) was enlarged compared with its contralateral (d, triple arrows). Rmg: right mandibular gland; lmg: left mandibular gland
OpenVetJ-5-173-g002.jpg
PMC4703874_02_OpenVetJ-5-173-g002.jpg
F2
Dog 2. Transverse ultrasound scans of the right submandibular gland, before (a) and after (b) ultrasound guided drainage - ventral approach. The gland is enlarged with anhecoic fluid filled cavity (a, asterisk). The solid component shows heterogeneous echogenicity with small hyperechoic calcific foci (arrows). Residual intraparenchimal fluid (asterisk) and calcific foci (arrow) are seen after drainage of the fluid component (b).
OpenVetJ-5-173-g003.jpg
PMC4703874_02_OpenVetJ-5-173-g003.jpg
F3
The mass was suspected to originate from thyroid gland, but after ultrasound-guided drainage of the fluid component, the empty mass appeared caudal to the more hypoecocic digastricus muscle, landmark of mandibular salivary glands (Fig. 3).
Dog 2. Volume rendered computed tomography images of the left (a) and right (b) mandibular region. Unenhanced (c) and contrast-enhanced (d) transverse comptuted tomography images of the neoplastic right mandibular gland. The affected gland (rm) appeared as a cavitated mass with omogeneous hypoattenuating fluid content and focal mineralization (arrows). The enhancement of peripheral parenchymal component was poor. Volume rendered image of the right mandibular region (b) clarified the relationships between the neoplastic gland and surrounding structures especially if compared with the normal anatomy of the left side (a). The mass displaced dorsally the parotid gland (p) and compressed the retromandibular vein (rv), facial vein (fv) and mandibular lymph nodes (lf). No sign of muscular or bone infiltration were evident. g: jugular vein; lm: left mandibular gland; dm: digastric muscle.
OpenVetJ-5-173-g004.jpg
PMC4703874_02_OpenVetJ-5-173-g004.jpg
F4
No significant enhancement of the neoformation was noted after intravenous contrast medium administration (Fig. 4).
Dog 2. (a) Oblique dorsal multiplanar reformatted contrast-enhanced CT image at level of medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes. Transverse contrast-enhanced CT image at the level of cranial lobe (b), middle part (c) and caudal lobe of the left lung. Right medial retropharyngeal lymph node (rrl) was enlarged compared to its contralateral (lrl). In different parts of the left lung multiple round nodular lesions isoattenuating to soft tissue, were present, compatible with pulmonary metastasis. mg: right mandibular gland - dorsal margin; rlm: right longus capitis muscle; llm: left longus capitis muscle; e: esophagus.
OpenVetJ-5-173-g005.jpg
PMC4703874_02_OpenVetJ-5-173-g005.jpg
F5
Within the left lung multiple homogeneous nodular lesions isoattenuating to the soft tissue were seen diffuse in the cranial and caudal lobes (Fig 5).