PMC6393896_01
Ultrasound image of fetal blood swirling (arrows) into the amniotic fluid from the umbilical cord adjacent to a transverse view of the fetal abdomen/pelvis.
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Blood was observed in real-time swirling into the amniotic fluid from the umbilical cord (Figure 1).
Gross photograph of clamped segment of umbilical cord demonstrating segments of exposed spiraling umbilical arteries.
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The umbilical cord overall length was 29.5 cm and there were 13, 0.5- 1 cm exposed segments of the umbilical arteries spiraling along the length of the cord (Figure 2).
(a). Low power photomicrograph of section of umbilical cord showing superficial location of the umbilical artery (top) with absence of overlying Wharton's jelly, attenuated vascular media, and degeneration of the amnion. This is in contrast to the umbilical vein (lower left) and other umbilical artery (lower right) both of which were completely surrounded by Wharton's jelly and amnion (complete views not in the field). H &E, X 20. (b). High power photomicrograph of ulcerated umbilical artery demonstrating markedly thinned media, absent Wharton's jelly, and degeneration of the overlying amnion. H &E, X 200.
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Histopathologic examination of the cord showed absence of Wharton's jelly covering the umbilical artery, extreme attenuation of the media in the portion of the vessel exposed to the amniotic fluid, and degeneration of the overlying amnion (Figures 3(a) and 3(b)).