PMC3104556_01
Extrafoveal multifocal vitreoretinal traction and pseudophakic macular edema as detected by the spectral-domain OCT (Pt. 1). A + B. The clinical picture and macular map (the right circle map below the fundus picture) illustrate macular edema located centrally and inferonasally to the fovea (purple color). The yellow squares in A and B delineate the scanned area (6 x 6 mm). C + D. The B-mode presents two extrafoveal vitreoretinal traction membranes, marked by arrowhead in C and by an arrow in D. The manually marked vertical yellow lines indicate the traction sites; the OCT software automatically marks the anatomical locations in blue crosses, in A & B. Each of the underlying retinal edema sites (asterix) is in continuum with the central macula (seen in the map in A & B). E. 3-D image reconstruction reveals a relatively thick connection between the two vitreoretinal traction membranes associated with diffuse macular edema (asterix); the purple vertical line marks the foveal site. The arrowhead shows the inferior membrane (shown at C) and the arrow shows the superior one (shown in D). F. 3-D image reconstruction (area of 8.2 mm X 3 mm) includes the macula (the fovea is marked by the purple line), the superior traction site (arrow) and the optic nerve head (ONH; star). Multifocal vitreous membranes are associated with the ONH.
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F1
Both the B-mode video clips of the SD-OCT and their 3-D image reconstructions enabled fast and unambiguous detection of extrafoveal traction membranes in eyes No. 1 & 2 (Figs. 1, 2). This observation could be depicted from the macular maps and the 3-D image reconstructions of the SD-OCT (Fig. 1 and supplementary video clip 1).
Extrafoveal multifocal vitreoretinal traction associated with pseudophakic CME as detected by the SD-OCT (Pt. 2). A + B. The clinical picture and the accompanying small false-color map (below the fundus picture), as detected by 8.2mm X 3 mm scan area (the colored rectangle) illustrate macular edema (red and yellow colors). The blue crosses, one in A and one in B, demonstrate two extrafoveal vitreoretinal traction sites. One retinal edema site (in B) is shown by the false-color map to be in continuum with the central macula. C + D. The B-mode (C) and the 3-D image reconstruction (D) reveal two sites under traction by one continuous vitreous membrane (arrow). Each traction site is manually marked by a vertical white line, and its retinal location is shown automatically by yellow crosses in A & B. The optic nerve (ON) is seen in D.
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F2
Both the B-mode video clips of the SD-OCT and their 3-D image reconstructions enabled fast and unambiguous detection of extrafoveal traction membranes in eyes No. 1 & 2 (Figs. 1, 2). The retinal edema that underlined one of the two detectable traction sites was in continuum with the central macular edema in that eye (Fig. 2).
Extrafoveal multifocal vitreoretinal traction associated with pseudophakic CME as detected by a time-domain OCT (Pt. 3). (A) Vitreous traction membrane (asterix) located at the papillomacular bundle area, in proximity to the ONH (not shown). An underlying localized subretinal fluid (star) and a diffuse macular edema are associated with the traction membrane. (B) A second vitreoretinal traction membrane (arrowhead) is located temporo-superiorly to the fovea; a retinal edema underlies it. (C) The 6-mm false-color and quantitative thickness macular maps disclose diffuse macular edema associated with two different tractions sites (marked by arrowhead and asterix). The central sub-field thickness is 370 microm. (D) The quantitative macular map of the normal controls (n = 12).
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F3
This observation could be depicted from the OCT B-mode and the macular map (Fig. 3C, D).