PMC8382793_01
Clinical and pathological evidence of disseminated toxoplasmosis from the cases presented. (A) Axial and coronal contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the brain from case 1 showing rim-enhancing lesions. (B) Representative slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE; left image) and Grocott's methenamine silver stain (right image) showing cysts containing Toxoplasma bradyzoites in the brain tissue from case 1. (C) Axial contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography from case 2 showing bilateral centrilobular nodules and ground glass opacities. (D) Representative slides stained with HE showing neutrophils containing Toxoplasma tachyzoites in peripheral blood from case 2.
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PMC8382793_02_fped-09-719679-g0001.jpg
F1
Due to fever and hypoxemia, a CT scan of the chest was obtained on day +55 and showed bilateral centrilobular nodules with right-sided predominance, as shown in Figure 1C. On the day of his death, T. gondii tachyzoites were noted on his peripheral blood smear (shown in Figure 1D), which were subsequently confirmed to be T. gondii by
Immune dysregulation and exposure to associated immunomodulatory therapies from the cases presented. (A) Timeline of C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin values from case 1 showing progressive immune dysregulation. This patient was exposed to methylprednisolone, anakinra, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and plasma exchange, as shown along the top of the panel. (B) Timeline of CRP and ferritin values from case 2 showing two distinct periods of immune dysregulation. This patient was exposed to methylprednisolone, tocilizumab, anakinra, etanercept, infliximab, and plasma exchange, as shown along the top of the panel.
fped-09-719679-g0002.jpg
PMC8382793_02_fped-09-719679-g0002.jpg
F2
A timeline of the immunomodulatory therapies is shown in Figure 2B.
PMC8382793_02
Clinical and pathological evidence of disseminated toxoplasmosis from the cases presented. (A) Axial and coronal contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the brain from case 1 showing rim-enhancing lesions. (B) Representative slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE; left image) and Grocott's methenamine silver stain (right image) showing cysts containing Toxoplasma bradyzoites in the brain tissue from case 1. (C) Axial contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography from case 2 showing bilateral centrilobular nodules and ground glass opacities. (D) Representative slides stained with HE showing neutrophils containing Toxoplasma tachyzoites in peripheral blood from case 2.
fped-09-719679-g0001.jpg
PMC8382793_02_fped-09-719679-g0001.jpg
F1
Due to fever and hypoxemia, a CT scan of the chest was obtained on day +55 and showed bilateral centrilobular nodules with right-sided predominance, as shown in Figure 1C. On the day of his death, T. gondii tachyzoites were noted on his peripheral blood smear (shown in Figure 1D), which were subsequently confirmed to be T. gondii by
Immune dysregulation and exposure to associated immunomodulatory therapies from the cases presented. (A) Timeline of C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin values from case 1 showing progressive immune dysregulation. This patient was exposed to methylprednisolone, anakinra, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and plasma exchange, as shown along the top of the panel. (B) Timeline of CRP and ferritin values from case 2 showing two distinct periods of immune dysregulation. This patient was exposed to methylprednisolone, tocilizumab, anakinra, etanercept, infliximab, and plasma exchange, as shown along the top of the panel.
fped-09-719679-g0002.jpg
PMC8382793_02_fped-09-719679-g0002.jpg
F2
A timeline of the immunomodulatory therapies is shown in Figure 2B.