PMC8358145_01
Inflammatory biomarkers. Data represent C.A.'s inflammatory biomarkers prior to starting a ketogenic diet and at two time points, 2019 and 2020, after commencing the diet. Green dotted line represent the threshold of normal range for each biomarker. All markers improved on a ketogenic diet.
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F1
In 2019, 2 years into his KD, blood concentrations decreased to 3.4 (TNF-alpha), 0.6 (IL-1beta), 4.2 (IL-6), 2.7 (IL-8), and 21.6 pg/mL (GM-CSF), and CRP was 1 - 2 mg/L (Figure 1). In conjunction with the improvement in inflammatory blood biomarkers (Figure 1), C.A.'s FEV1 improved to 1.24 (35% predicted) and 1.25L in 2019 and in 2020, respectively, representing an improvement in FEV1 of 38% relative to pre-KD measurements (Figure 2).
Forced expiratory volume in 1 s. Data represent C.A.'s FEV1 at four time points prior to starting a ketogenic diet and at two time points, 2019 and 2020, after commencing the diet.
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F2
In conjunction with the improvement in inflammatory blood biomarkers (Figure 1), C.A.'s FEV1 improved to 1.24 (35% predicted) and 1.25L in 2019 and in 2020, respectively, representing an improvement in FEV1 of 38% relative to pre-KD measurements (Figure 2).