PMC3015628_01
Schematic of a Thoratec paracorporeal BiVAD demonstrating side-by-side VADs, each supporting one ventricle. Port sites for laparoscopic cholecystectomy are indicated (x).
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F1
Laparoscopic ports were placed in standard fashion with each of 2 right subcostal ports placed lateral to the RVAD pump (Figure 1).
Postoperative appearance of a patient with a Thoratec paracorporeal BiVAD. Transcutaneous cannulae exit the abdominal wall approximately midway between the sternotomy incision and umbilicus.
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F2
Due to progressive right heart failure, he subsequently required additional placement of a Thoratec VAD to support the right ventricle (RVAD) 48 hours later (Figure 2).