PMC5556601_01
(a) (Top) LAD lesions (arrows indicate the proximal, mid, and distal lesions) and (bottom) corresponding percent diameter stenosis used for diagnostic FFRangio quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) calculation. (b) Invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements (left) of the middle (top) and distal (bottom) lesions and the corresponding values calculated by the FFRangio system (right).
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fig1
Diagnostic angiography revealed three consecutive discrete stenoses located in the proximal, middle, and distal segments of the LAD without evidence of diffuse disease (Figure 1(a)), and the patient was included as part of a 53-patient single-center study examining the accuracy of FFRangio when used on-line during the procedure. Invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements were 0.75 and 0.69, respectively (Figure 1(b)). FFRangio values at the exact locations of the invasive measurements (e.g., using a pressure wire) were 0.78 and 0.62 for the middle and distal lesions, respectively. Figure 1(b) presents the 3D QCA analysis as well as the invasive FFR and corresponding computed values obtained by the FFRangio measurements for the middle and distal stenoses.
Posttreatment FFR (a) and FFRangio (b) assessments at the distal LAD segment following stenting of the middle and distal lesions.
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fig2
Image-based FFRangio values at the distal LAD were calculated once again by using the posttreatment angiography, yielding a value of 0.71, and compared to the invasive FFR value (Figure 2).