PMC8257955_01
Timeline of intervention.
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F1
We assessed the cross-sectional area (CSA) and muscle thickness (MT) of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle, functional performance and quality of life {The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaires [WHOQOL-bref (The WHOQOL Group,) and WHOQOL-OLD (Power et al.,)] and The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Questionnaire (Bellamy et al.,) [WOMAC]}, before (Pre) the training period and after 12 (Mid) and 24 (Post) training sessions (Figure 1).
(A) Positioning and (B) skin markings for ultrasound image acquisition of vastus lateralis cross-sectional area and (C) muscle thickness (with ultrasound probe oriented longitudinally to the muscular belly). Timed Up and Go Test (D) instructions and (E) execution.
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F2
The skin was marked at the point corresponding to 50% of the total length of the right femur (SENIAM,); from this point, successive markings were made transversely, both medially and laterally, at 2 cm intervals, to guide the displacement of the probe in the sagittal plane (Figure 2). The participant's wheelchair was positioned-and secured-so that his feet were placed on the platform (Figure 2).
(A,B) Unilateral free-weight knee extension exercise with blood flow partially restricted by a blood pressure cuff (175 x 94 mm) fixed in the proximal region of the thigh.
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F3
The RT-BFR consisted of a unilateral free-weight knee extension exercise (Figure 3).