PMC10332309_01
The diagnosis of Leishmania infection by metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS). (A) Mapping of Leishmania donovani reads on the genome. (B) Distribution of pathogenic microorganisms reads in the absence of human, others, and unclassified reads.
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F1
Finally, a number of 196123 special reads of L. donovani were detected, and the coverage of the genome and relative abundance of L. donovani was 39.43 and 97.9%, respectively (Figure 1), which was indicative of L. donovani infection.
Bone marrow cytology of this patient. Arrowheads show the Leishmania spp amastigotes in extracellular and phagocyte, which are oval and 2.9-5.7 x 1.8-4.0 mum in size (Wright's stain, x 1,000).
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F2
Sichuan province, which is known as an endemic leishmaniasis region. Subsequently, microscopy of the bone marrow showed a larger number of Leishmania spp amastigotes, while phagocytic phenomena of histiocytes were found in all smears (Figure 2).
The follow-up diagnosis of Leishmania infection after using pentavalent antimonials 10 days by mNGS. (A) Mapping of Leishmania donovani reads on the genome. (B) Distribution of pathogenic microorganisms reads in the absence of human, others, and unclassified reads.
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F3
Nevertheless, after 10 days of anti-leishmanial therapy, 356 special reads of L. donovani were detected in peripheral blood by mNGS (Figure 3), and Leishmania spp amastigotes were also observed in the bone marrow.