PMC1797165_01
Extraoral lateral view of the patient before treatment.
1746-160X-3-7-1.jpg
PMC1797165_01_1746-160X-3-7-1.jpg
F1
Mesial tipping of right and left third molars was observed due to missing of the adjacent teeth (Figure 1, 2, and 3).
Extraoral front view of the patient before treatment.
1746-160X-3-7-2.jpg
PMC1797165_01_1746-160X-3-7-2.jpg
F2
Mesial tipping of right and left third molars was observed due to missing of the adjacent teeth (Figure 1, 2, and 3).
Intraoral view of the patient before treatment.
1746-160X-3-7-3.jpg
PMC1797165_01_1746-160X-3-7-3.jpg
F3
Mesial tipping of right and left third molars was observed due to missing of the adjacent teeth (Figure 1, 2, and 3).
Cephalometric superimposition on total face before (A) and after treatment (B).
1746-160X-3-7-4.jpg
PMC1797165_01_1746-160X-3-7-4.jpg
F4
The cephalometric landmarks used in our report are demonstrated in Figures 4, and 5 and the pre and post treatment measurements of the cephalograms are presented in Table 1.
Cephalometric landmarks (numeric) and planes (capital letter) used for posterior airway evaluation. 1) S: sella turcica; 2) Se: sphenoethmoidal junction; 3) N: nasion; 4) Ba: basion; 5) Ptm: pterygomaxillary fissure; 6) PNS: posterior nasal spine; 7) A: A-point, subspinale; 8) P: ate, the most inferior tip of the soft palate; 9) Mo: posterior contact point of the molar; 10) PreM: contact point of the premolar;11) Tt: tip of the tongue; 12) B: B-point, supramentale;13) Go: gonion; 14) Gn: gnathion; 15) Me: menton; 16) H: hyoidale; 17) Eb: base of the epiglottis; 18) PhwS: superior posterior pharyngeal wall; 19) Psp: posterior-superior palate, the most posterior-superior point of the soft palate; 20) PhwN: posterior pharyngeal wall at narrowest point; 21) STBn: most anterior point in the airway on the soft palate; 22) PhwI: inferior posterior pharyngeal wall; 23) STBi: most anterior point in the airway on the tongue; A) VAL = PNS to Eb; B) TL = Eb to Tt; C) S-PAS = PhwS to Psp; D) N-PAS = PhwN to STBn; E) I-PAS = PhwI to STBi; F) H-MP: H to mandibular plane; G) PM: extends down from SE point through the inferior point of PTM; H) NOA: neutral occlusal axis, perpendicular to PM through the posterior-inferior-most contact point of the last fully erupted maxillary molar; I) FOP: functional occlusal plane.
1746-160X-3-7-5.jpg
PMC1797165_01_1746-160X-3-7-5.jpg
F5
The cephalometric landmarks used in our report are demonstrated in Figures 4, and 5 and the pre and post treatment measurements of the cephalograms are presented in Table 1.