PMC9035919_01
Skin protrusion due to large seroma formation. Marked skin protrusion (arrows) was observed in the upper and outer quadrant of the left breast.
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F1
After discharge from the hospital with some symptom relief, i.e., at more than 3 months from the completion of radiotherapy, strong local tension due to large seroma formation made the patient request us to heal the long-lasting seroma (Fig. 1).
CT around the left axilla. a Coronal view of the CT showed an oval iso-intensity lesion encompassed by presumed thick fibrous capsule (arrows). b Axial view of the CT showed an encapsulated presumed seroma located from the axilla to deep into the breast parenchyma (arrows). CT, computed tomography.
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F2
Computed tomography showed a large seroma extending from the axilla to deep into the conserved breast parenchyma with presumed capsule formation (Fig. 2).
Pathological findings of the resected capsule. a The capsule was almost completely resected and was 110 x 45 mm in size. b The thickness of the resected capsule was relatively uniform, and its luminal surface was smooth. c Low magnified view of the resected capsule showed ring shape fibrous tissue, the overlying skin (arrow), and subcutaneous fat tissue with partial fat necrosis (asterisks). d Magnified view of the specimen showed massive collagen fiber with hyalinization and aggregation of foamy histiocytes (arrow).
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F3
The resected capsule was 110 x 45 mm in size and had smooth inner surface (Fig. 3a, b). In the superficial layer of the pseudocystic wall, aggregation of foamy histiocytes, infiltration of lymphocytes, and growth of capillary blood vessels were observed (Fig. 3c, d).