PMC8599274_01
Pain scoring 2 h prior to, during, and after treatment with morphine via a C1-C2 epidural catheter in a horse. The vertical lines indicate the timing and dose of morphine administration. Each data point represents a pain score. Time zero is the time of C1-C2 catheter placement and first morphine dose.
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F1
The pain scores from just prior to epidural catheter placement until hospital discharge are depicted in detail in Figure 1.
Heart rate in beats per minute 2 h prior to, during, and after treatment with morphine via a C1-C2 epidural catheter in a horse. The vertical lines indicate the timing and dose of morphine administration. Each data point represents a heart rate. Time zero is the time of C1-C2 catheter placement and first morphine dose.
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F2
In response to epidural morphine, the heart rate decreased and remained within physiological limits for the remainder of his hospitalization (Figure 2).