PMC8495131_01
Radiograph image (X-ray) of the lumbosacral region. The image was taken in the ventrodorsal projection using the Atomscope radiograph machine (model 100pr type B, Auckland, New Zealand), with a collimator-to-film distance of 70 cm, exposure of 80 ms, and penetration power of 80 kV.
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F1
That is why the animal was poorly positioned on the radiograph image (Figure 1), but nevertheless, an asymmetric lumbosacral transitional vertebra with ossification on the left side was clearly seen (indicated by an oblique arrow), as well as a reduced intervertebral space L7-S1 (indicated by a horizontal arrow).
Representative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the lumbosacral region. The T2-weighted sagittal (A) and transversal (B) images of the lumbosacral region are shown, and the intervertebral disc L7-S1 herniation is indicated by arrows.
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F2
On the sagittal MRI of the lumbosacral region (Figure 2A), the IVD L7-S1 was seen as protruded and hypointense compared with the bright signal from normally hydrated discs. The disc protrusion was also seen on the transversal MRI section (Figure 2B).
Timeline of the clinical course and effects of AT-MSC treatment on lameness of a dog at walk and trot during long-term follow-up. Bl, baseline; d, days; y, years. The numeric rating scale applied to evaluate clinical outcome in lameness at walk was as follows: 1, normal; 2, mild, sporadic; 3, persistent, weight bearing; 4, severe, occasionally weight bearing; 5, severe, non-weight bearing; 6, cannot walk without assistance; while for the lameness at trot was as follows: 1, normal; 2, mild, sporadic; 3, persistent, weight bearing; 4, severe, non-weight bearing; 5, cannot trot without stimulation; 6, cannot trot.
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F3
The evaluation was performed initially, upon admission of the patient (baseline) and at specified intervals after the treatment with AT-MSCs, supplemented with assessments of the owner (Figure 3).