PMC9909332_01
(A) *A large bulge on the left side of the abdominal wall. (B) A cystic organ is considered to be the rumen, and an organ is considered to be the spleen prolapse through the hernial hole. (C) Organs in the hernial sac and (D) their ultrasound images. Cr, Cranial; Cd, Caudal; Sp, spleen; Ru, rumen.
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F1
In dorsal and left lateral views, the calf's left lateral abdominal wall was markedly distended (Figures 1A, B). Tokyo, Japan), the spleen and dorsal ruminal sac protruded through the hernial ring into the hernial sac (Figures 1C, D). These organs could easily be pushed back manually into the abdominal cavity.
The fusion of the 9th, 10th, and 11th thoracic vertebrae (arrowheads) and loss of the left-sided rib, with the right-sided rib being partially erased (ventral view). (A) The 11 left-sided ribs, the last rib (12th and 13th ribs), and the maximum intercostal width of the hernial foramen reduce from 15.2 cm (B) before surgery to 11.3 cm (C) after surgery. Cr, Cranial; Cd, Caudal; T, Thoracic vertebra.
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F2
In addition, the 9th, 10th, and 11th thoracic vertebrae appeared completely fused and curving leftward (Figure 2A). The maximum intercostal width was 15.2 cm (Figure 2B). Immediately after surgery, control CT revealed that the maximum intercostal width between the 9th and 12th/13th ribs had decreased from 15.2 cm to 11.3 cm (Figure 2C).
(A) No musculature is observed under the skin of the hernia foramen, only white peritoneum; ventral two-thirds of the last rib and between the seventh and eighth ribs and ventral one-sixth of the last rib and the ventral end of the last rib is wired to the eighth and ninth rib to reduce the intercostal space as much as possible. (B) The hernia rings are covered with a large autogenous-free graft. Cr, Cranial; Cd, Caudal.
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F3
A surgical 18-gauge wire was used to narrow the fused last two ribs and the ninth rib to tighten the intercostal space as much as possible (Figure 3A). Additionally, a simple continuous suture was made using multifilament polyglycolic acid suture material (USP 3+4, Opepolyx, Alfresa Pharma, Osaka, Japan) (Figure 3B).
Eleven months postoperatively calf's age was 14 months. The dashed line area is the rib. The cranial dashed line indicates the 9th rib, and the caudal line indicates the last rib. (A) Left-sided and (B) dorsal areas.
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F4
The calf had developed similar to its herd mates on the farm, without evidence of symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders or complications at the surgical site (Figure 4).