PMC9364927_01
Fetal brain MRI at two fetuses of the pregnant woman. Fetus 1 (A-D), scanning at 27 + 1 weeks of gestation with bilateral subependymal heterotopia (SEH). Axial (1A, 1B) and coronal (1C) fetal MRI images show that bilateral ventricles are not dilated, ependyma is irregular, and multiple abnormal signal nodules can be seen. The T2-weighted sequence shows nodules in the ventricular wall similar to gray matter signals (black arrows). Fetal sonogram (D) Axial image, obtained at 26 weeks of gestation through the cerebellar level, shows the widened posterior cranial fossa (yellow measurement arrow); Fetus 2 (a-d), scanning at 25 + 2 weeks of gestation with bilateral SEH. Axial (1a, 1b) and coronal (1c) T2-weighted sequences at the level of the lateral ventricles show nodules in the ventricular wall similar to gray matter signals (black arrows). Fetal sonogram (1d) Axial image, obtained at 24 weeks of gestation through the double top diameter layer, shows the narrowing of the transparent compartment cavity (yellow measurement arrow).
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F1
FUS suggested a widened posterior cranial fossa (Figure 1D), and maternal serum TORCH screening was negative. T1-starvibe, and diffusion-weighted images (DWI) were acquired in planes that were approximately sagittal, coronal, and axial to the head of the fetus. The supine position, feet first, has been used throughout the examination to minimize fetal movements. The fetal had a widened posterior fossa cistern; irregular ependyma of bilateral lateral ventricles, and multiple ependymal multiple gray matter signal nodules (Figures 1A-C). FUS showed a narrowing cavum septum pellucidum of the fetus (Figure 1d). Fetal MRI was performed at 25 + 2 gestational weeks using the same protocol as the first fetus and found multiple ependymal multiple gray matter signal nodules again (Figures 1a-c).
Adult brain MRI images of the pregnant woman and her mother. The pregnant woman (A,B): T2-weighted sequence performed at the age of 35 years showed multiple foci of heterotopic gray matter outlining the walls of both lateral ventricles; this is consistent with the diagnosis of subependymal gray matter heterotopia (black arrows); The pregnant woman's mother (a,b): T2-weighted sequence performed at 67 years of age showing multiple foci of heterotopic gray matter outlining both lateral ventricles walls (black arrows).
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F2
MRI results suggested the pregnant woman and her mother had a mild expansion of the lateral ventricle, multiple ependymal multiple gray matter signal nodules, and a large occipital cistern (Figures 2A,B,a,b).