PMC3253394_01
Angiographies of both bronchial arteries and coronary-to-bronchial artery fistula in 70-year-old male, case 1.. A, B. Both bronchial arteries are enlarged and embolized on initial embolization treatments. C. Coronary to bronchial artery fistula (arrow, proximal left circumflex arterial branch) to left upper lung with severe pulmonary artery shunt (not shown) is noted on left coronary angiography.
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F1
The CBF was embolized after superselection across the CBF to prevent embolization of the coronary artery (Fig. 1).
PMC3253394_02
Chest CT and angiography of right coronary artery in 57-year-old male, case 2.. Chest CT images prior to first (A) and second (B) embolization treatments. Right lung lesions were improving but left lung lesions changed into cavitary lesions. Right coronary angiography (C, D) shows coronary to bronchial artery fistula with spastic change from proximal right coronary artery running along superior and inferior walls of left main bronchus (arrows).
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F2
Both coronary angiographies showed a CBF (sinoatrial nodal artery) from the right coronary artery coursing along the left main bronchus (Fig. 2).
PMC3253394_03
Chest CT and angiographies of both coronary arteries in 68-year-old female, case 3.. A, B. Chest CT images prior to embolization treatment. Small tortuous coronary to bronchial artery fistula is suspected to be traversing right main pulmonary artery (thin arrows, A), and enlarged left and circumflex coronary arteries are seen (thin arrow, B). C, D. Early and late phases of right coronary angiography show enlarged coronary to bronchial artery fistula from proximal right coronary artery and massive pulmonary artery shunt (thick arrows). E. Left coronary angiography shows another enlarged coronary to bronchial artery fistula (thick arrow) that showed severe pulmonary artery shunt at left lower lung (not shown).
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F3
The coronary angiography revealed two CBFs from both coronary arteries (sinoatrial nodal artery from right coronary artery and distal left circumflex arterial branch) to the left upper and lower lung as well as a massive pulmonary artery shunt (Fig. 3).