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Bar graphs showing the efficacy of MD/VA stimulation.. (A) Y-BOCS. (B) BDI. (C) STAI-X1. (D) STAI-X2. Scores of cases 1, 2, 3 and 4 are shown at presurgical baseline (Baseline) and following lead implantation (1st follow up, 2nd follow up, 3rd follow up). Intervals between follow up visits can be obtained from Table 4.
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Interestingly, three years after lead placement, the OCD symptoms were found to be reduced (Fig 5A). In our study group none of the patients has reached that goal during the course of MD-DBS (Fig 5A). Depressive symptoms as assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (Fig 5B) dropped within the group receiving de novo lead implantation (case 3: -50%; case 4: -42%), whereas the rescue DBS group displayed symptom worsening (case 1: +31%; case 2: +16%) during MD-DBS. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Table 4), STAI-X1 for State anxiety (i.e. anxiety about an event) and STAI-X2 for Trait anxiety (i.e. anxiety as a personal characteristic). Scores improved in case 3 (STAI-X1: -34%; STAI-X2: -1%) and case 4 (STAI-X1: -17%; STAI-X2: -33%); in case 2, symptom severity remained unchanged, whereas case 1 displayed deterioration (STAI-X1: +17%; STAI-X2: +6%) at final follow-up evaluation (Fig 5C and 5D).