PMC10308012_01
COVID-19 CFR for female and male patients, and for younger vs older patients. (A) CFR in percent from FAERS COVID-19 data (all reports with COVID-19 as reaction and where patient sex is specified) for the US, in 20% vaccination coverage bins, with male patients shown in blue and female patients shown in green. (B) CFR in percent from FAERS COVID-19 data (all reports with COVID-19 as reaction and where patient age is specified) for the United States, in 20% vaccination coverage bins, with patients >=65 years shown in blue and patients <65 years old shown in green. Bins are indicated as (lower bound, upper bound], and the baseline period is defined as the period before the first vaccination was administered. Since a coverage of 80% had not yet been achieved at the time of data collection, we denote bins starting from 60% or higher coverage as "> x," indicating that these bins include all data from coverage levels higher than x. The 95% confidence intervals are estimated using bootstrap resampling, and asterisks mark data points where the CFR is significantly different from the CFR during the baseline period (p-value from resampling, Benjamini-Hochberg with an accepted FDR of 5% over all bins, sexes, and age groups). Abbreviations: CFR: Case Fatality Rate; FAERS: FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.
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CFR as that of patients >=65 years old (Figure 2B; Supplementary Table S10). Comparing the data from before and after vaccination campaign start, we did not find statistically significant differences in the mean age (67.56 years, 95%CI 66.49-68.61 years before campaign start; 67.88 years, 95%CI 67.31-68.42 years after campaign start) or the sex ratio in cases where sex is indicated (45.39% female, 95%CI 41.81%-48.75% before campaign start; 48.87%, 95%CI 47.15%-50.47% after) (Supplementary Table S7).
COVID-19 CFR for the anti-TNFalpha, JAK inhibitors, and thalidomide analogs treatment groups. (A) CFR for the anti-TNFalpha treatment group (shown in blue), United States only, in 20% vaccination coverage bins. (B) CFR for the JAK inhibitors treatment group (shown in blue), United States only, in 20% vaccination coverage bins. (C) CFR for the thalidomide analogs treatment group (shown in blue), United States only, in 20% vaccination coverage bins. All treatment groups are monotherapy only, and cases where COVID-19 is the only indication are excluded. Bins are indicated as (lower bound, upper bound], and the baseline period is defined as the period before the first vaccination was administered. Since a coverage of 80% had not yet been achieved at the time of data collection, we denote bins starting from 60% or higher coverage as "> x", indicating that these bins include all data from coverage levels higher than x. The 95% confidence intervals are estimated using bootstrap resampling, and asterisks mark data points where the CFR in a treatment group is significantly different from the CFR during the baseline period for this group (p-value from resampling, Benjamini-Hochberg with an accepted FDR of 5% over all bins and treatment groups. Data for the complete FAERS COVID-19 set are shown in green (note that significant data points are not annotated for better readability; see Figure 1A for FAERS details). The grey line shows the COVID-19 CFR from OWID data, with data points where the CFR is significantly lower than during the baseline period shown in a darker grey. Abbreviations: CFR: Case Fatality Rate; FAERS: FDA Adverse Event Reporting System; OWID: Our World In Data; sig.: Significant.
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