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General time line of intervention of 4 cases that received proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation.
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F1
Each case received 18 one-hour sessions (3 times a week for 6 weeks) of individualized treatment at an out-patient clinic from a licensed physical therapist who received specialized training in administering proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (Figure 1).
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation mat exercises consisting of: A) lower extremity flexion-adduction with knee flexion and B) pelvic bridging with resistance
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F2
Resisted mat exercises included pelvic and lower extremity patterns, pelvic bridging, rolling, and sitting (Figure 2 a-b).
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation gait exercises consisting of A) one leg stance with resistance B) stabilizing reversals and C) resisted backwards gait.
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F3
Balance exercises included stabilizing reversals with resistance at the pelvis or shoulders, and one-legged standing (Figure 3a-b). Resisted gait involved resistance at the anterior or posterior pelvis to facilitate forward or backward walking respectively (Figure 3c).