PMC3507315_01
Molecular structure of sirolimus extracted from KEGG database.
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fig8
Another widely used macrolide is rapamycin, also known as sirolimus (Figure 8).
mTOR signaling pathway extracted from KEGG database.
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fig9
After binding with tacrolimus binding protein (FK-BP) immunophilin, the rapamycin complex inhibits the stimulatory effect of mTOR on cell cycle protein translation, arresting the G1 to S transition (Figure 9).
Molecular structure of everolimus extracted from KEGG database.
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fig10
Everolimus (RAD001) is a rapamycin derivative (Figure 10) with potent immunosuppressive effects, antiproliferative properties, and anticancer effects in many preclinical and clinical studies.
Molecular structure of temsirolimus extracted from KEGG database.
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fig11
Temsirolimus (CCI-779, Torisel, Wyeth) is another rapamycin derivative (Figure 11) and has properties that are similar to everolimus.
Molecular structure of ridaforolimus extracted from KEGG database.
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fig12
Another newly developed molecule is ridaforolimus (also known as deforolimus, AP23473, MK-8669, Merck), a rapamycin analogue (Figure 12), which has broad inhibitory effects on the cell growth, proliferation, division, metabolism, and angiogenesis of a broad panel of cell lines.