PMC2816349_01
(A) T1-weighted image shows a huge well-demarcated mass in the right frontal lobe. (B) Many cystic changes of different sizes are observed within the tumor on T2-weighted image. (C) The tumor shows an inhomogenous enhancement.
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F1
Within the tumor there were many cystic changes of different sizes (Fig. 1).
Well-developed perivascular pseudorosettes are seen throughout the tumor (H&E, x40).
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F2
Perivascular pseudorosettes became prominent in areas where the tumor cells were separated by artifacts (Fig. 2).
The tumor cells composing perivascular pseudorosettes display short and thick cytoplasmic processes with prominent blunt-ended footplates toward the vessel wall (H&E, x400).
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F3
Cytoplasmic processes were short and thick, of which blunt footplates were attached to the vessels (Fig. 3).
The fibrovascular stroma frequently shows prominent vascular sclerosis (H&E, x40).
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F4
Vascular hyalinization or sclerosis was observed in some areas, but no endothelial proliferation was found (Fig. 4).
The broad GFAP-positive glial processes surround blood vessels (x400).
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F5
Cytoplasmic processes of tumor cells composing perivascular pseudorosettes showed strong positive reaction for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) (Fig. 5).
The tumor cells are positive for S-100 protein (A), vimentin (B), and CAM 5.2 (C) (x200).
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F6
The tumor cells showed diffuse strong positivity for S-100 protein, vimentin and neuron specific enolase (NSE), and focal positivity for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and CAM 5.2 (Fig. 6).