PMC6699556_01
Multiple endometriosis nodule (yellow arrows) sized 1 to 1.5 cm were found in rectovaginal space closed to rectum and ureter.
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After performing cystectomy, the researchers found multiple endometriosis nodules sized 1 to 1.5 cm, located in rectovaginal space close to rectum and ureter (Fig. 1).
Identifying the ureter via transparam peritoneum layer (a). Opening posterior broad ligament trough retroperitoneal space (b). After identify the ureter, all of endometriosis should be excised (c).
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Therefore, the researchers excised the endometriosis nodule easily (Fig. 2).
Final view after ureter dissection and endometriosis nodule excision.
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The procedure was continued by opening posterior broad ligament to identify the ureter (Fig. 3).
Peritoneal surface of the rectum was excised, fat layer was still intact, countinue with endometriosis nodule excision.
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After the researchers dissected the ureter from posterior broad ligament, they excised the remaining endometriosis nodules safely (Fig. 4).