PMC8761820_01
PMC8761820_02
PMC8761820_03
PMC8761820_04
Changes in ammonia levels are shown for case 4. Large circadian variation is shown in the
same disease one day before and one day after hemodialysis, and the ammonia level decreases
after hemodialysis. Arrows in the figures indicate embolization. No apparent increases were
observed after embolization.
fmj-7-139-g001.jpg
PMC8761820_04_fmj-7-139-g001.jpg
F1
Changes in ammonia level for case 4 are shown in Figure 1. However, the ammonia level not only decreased, but also did not fluctuate after embolization (Figure 1).
Plain abdominal CT and 3D CT angiography for case 4. Abnormal vessels were found from the
splenic vein to the left renal vein in case 4.
fmj-7-139-g002.jpg
PMC8761820_04_fmj-7-139-g002.jpg
F2
Conservative treatment was somewhat successful in all patients, but a recurrence of symptoms was observed, and clear improvements were observed after embolization (Figure 2 and Figure 3).
Angiography before and after balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (B-RTO) in
case 4. The abnormal vessel recognized before the treatment was not depicted by the
embolization. Reprinted with permission of Ref. 4.
fmj-7-139-g003.jpg
PMC8761820_04_fmj-7-139-g003.jpg
F3
Conservative treatment was somewhat successful in all patients, but a recurrence of symptoms was observed, and clear improvements were observed after embolization (Figure 2 and Figure 3).