PMC5388306_01
(A) Sagittal T2-weighted MR image in a 30-year-old woman shows a high and abrupt termination of the spinal cord with a blunt-ending conus medullaris (smaller arrow), and double-bundle arrangement of the nerve roots (larger arrow). (B) Sagittal T2-weighted MR image in a 30-year-old woman shows absent S3-5 and coccygeal segments with dysplastic S1 and S2 (arrow).
poljradiol-82-188-g001.jpg
PMC5388306_01_poljradiol-82-188-g001.jpg
f1-poljradiol-82-188
Cauda equina nerve roots had a double-bundle arrangement (Figure 1A). Sacrococcygeal hypoplasia, including the absent S3-5 and coccygeal segments with dysplastic S1 and S2, was also noted (Figure 1B).
PMC5388306_02
MRI of the lumbar vertebral column in a 10-month-old male infant revealed sacrococcygeal hypoplasia with a blunt-ending, club-shaped conus medullaris (larger arrow) with double-bundle arrangement of the nerve roots (smaller arrows)
poljradiol-82-188-g002.jpg
PMC5388306_02_poljradiol-82-188-g002.jpg
f2-poljradiol-82-188
MRI of the vertebral column (Figure 2) revealed sacrococcygeal hypoplasia with a blunt-ending, club-shaped conus medullaris terminating at the L1 vertebral level.
PMC5388306_03
(A) Radiograph of the LS vertebral column of a 4-year-old boy revealed hypoplastic sacrococcygeal elements. (B) MRI of the LS vertebral column - (B, D) - T1W Sagittal and T2W coronal images showing a round conus with an abrupt and high termination (arrowhead). (C) The nerve roots can be followed caudally as a dual-bundle pattern (arrows). Note the hypoplasia of sacrum. (E) Chest radiograph showing dextrocardia with right-sided gastric air-fluid level (arrow) suggestive of situs inversus totalis. (F) Micturating cystourethrogram showing bilateral grade V VUR.
poljradiol-82-188-g003.jpg
PMC5388306_03_poljradiol-82-188-g003.jpg
f3-poljradiol-82-188
A plain radiograph of the lumbosacral spine revealed hypoplastic sacrococcygeal elements (Figure 3A). MRI of the lumbosacral vertebral column revealed an abruptly and high-ending conus suggestive of caudal regression syndrome (Figure 3B-3D). The associated anomalies included bilateral grade V vesicoureteric reflux and situs inversus totalis (Figure 3E, 3F).
PMC5388306_04
Fetal MRI of a 26-year-old primigravid woman with gestational diabetes shows sacral agenesis (smaller arrow) and a blunt-ending, club-shaped conus (larger arrow).
poljradiol-82-188-g004.jpg
PMC5388306_04_poljradiol-82-188-g004.jpg
f4-poljradiol-82-188
A 26-year-old primigravid woman with gestational diabetes, first seen at 21 weeks of gestation, underwent an ultrasound examination which showed a singleton fetus with sacral agenesis and blunt-ending, club-shaped conus (Figure 4).