PMC10230030_01
(A) Interscapular vesicles and ulcers. (B) Ulcers surrounded by shaved skin.
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Analgesia with oral phenylbutazone was administered at a dose of 8 mg/kg once daily for 5 days; however, on the same day, the mother began licking the lesions, thus rupturing the vesicles and ulcerating the skin (Figure 1).
(A) Pustules surrounded by alopecic, swollen, and erythematous areas in the caudal region of the right thoracic limb. (B) Dried pustules with crusts surrounded by erythema and persistent alopecia in the caudal region of the right thoracic limb.
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A few days later, pustules surrounded by areas of alopecia, erythema, and swelling appeared in the submandibular and lumbar regions, the dorsal aspect of both thoracic limbs, and the caudal abdominal and inguinal areas (Figures 2A).
Cracked skin with peeling and detachment in the tapir's dorsum.
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This flaking worsened during the following days, spreading to all of the tapir's dorsum, from its rump to its head (Figure 3), but the ulcerated areas showed a decrease in hyperalgesia and erythema and signs of wound healing.
Histological sections stained with hematoxylin-eosin showing: (A) widespread epidermal necrosis with flattened cells, dermal detachment, necrotic connective tissue, and diffuse interstitial inflammatory infiltrate in the lower two-thirds of the reticular dermis (40X), (B) necrotic hair follicle surrounded with lymphocytic and neutrophilic mural folliculitis, leukocytic interface dermatitis, and mild diffuse interstitial inflammatory infiltrate (40X), (C) edema and apoptosis of epidermal keratinocytes embedded in necrotic epidermis with lymphocytic and neutrophilic satellitosis and basal layer hyperpigmentation (100X), and (D) reticular dermis with predominantly neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate (100X).
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Cell apoptosis caused detachment of the dermis where necrosis was present in most of the connective tissue, including the blood vessel walls and the hair follicles with lymphocytic and neutrophilic mural folliculitis forming small nodules surrounding the destroyed hair follicles and leaving free hair shafts; the lower two-thirds of the reticular layer showed diffuse interstitial inflammatory infiltrate (Figure 4).