PMC9871398_01
(A) The results of the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) before heart transplantation, showing that the heart rate (HR) gradually increased with fluctuations during exercise, and peak HR occurred during peak exercise. The curve of HR was jagged and the average HR was normal (80 beats per min). (B) The results of CPX after heart transplantation, showing that the HR slowly increased without fluctuations during exercise, and peak HR was observed after peak exercise. The curve of HR was smooth and the average HR indicated tachycardia (100 beats per min).
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The results of CPX which was performed 1 year after the LVAD implantation showed the patient's heart rate (HR) gradually increased with fluctuations during exercise, and peak HR occurred during peak exercise (Figure 1A). The shape of the curve of HR was smooth and the average HR was 100 beats per minute (Figure 1B), indicative of tachycardia.