PMC5440612_01
Dog 1. (A): Ventral three-dimensional volume-rendered CT angiography of portal system, caudal vena cava, heart and azygos vein showing a splenoazygos PSS (arrows) connecting splenic vein (sv) and azygos vein (az). (B) Dorsal and (C) transverse multiplanar reformatted contrast-enhanced CT images of abdomen. The liver (L) appears slightly reduced in volume, with irregular margins (arrowheads) and without macroscopic parenchymal abnormalities or attenuation changes. A large amount of fluid (ascites) is evident in the background (asterisks). The section of the splenoazygos PSS is evident adjacent to Aorta (a), on the right (C-arrow). (D): Oblique right lateral thick-slab multiplanar reformatted contrast-enhanced CT image of abdomen and thorax showing in detail the tortuous splenoazygos PSS (arrows) and its connection with azygos vein (az). H: heart; p: portal vein; cvc: caudal vena cava; pd: pancreaticoduodenal vein; RK: right kidney; crvc: cranial vena cava.
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F1
No compressions/thrombosis of the portal vein or caudal vena cava were present (Fig. 1).
PMC5440612_02
Dog 2. (A) Left dorso-lateral and (B) right ventro-lateral three-dimensional volume-rendered CT angiography of portal system and caudal vena cava showing a large left splenogonadal PSS (s) connecting splenic vein (sv) and left gonadic vein (g) and entering the left renal vein (lr). (C): Dorsal maximum intensity projection (MIP) reformatted contrast-enhanced CT image of abdomen at level of kidneys. Porto-caval varices (arrow) are visible medially to the left kidney (LK). The enlarged left gonadal vein (g), which constitutes part of the left splenogonadal PSS, is visible at level of left renal vein (lr). (D): Dorsal multiplanar reformatted contrast-enhanced CT image of abdomen. The liver (L) appears slightly reduced in volume without macroscopic structural parenchymal abnormalities. P: portal vein; cvc: caudal vena cava; lg: left gastric vein.
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F2
Imaging evaluation revealed microhepatia without macroscopic structural abnormalities of liver parenchyma, a large tortuous vessel connecting splenic vein and left gonadic vein and a network of small and tortuous vessels (varices) cranio-medially to the left kidney connecting left phrenicoabdominal vein and portal vein (Fig. 2).
PMC5440612_03
Cat 1. (A) Dorsal thick-slab multiplanar reformatted contrast-enhanced CT image of lumbar region showing two large irregularly marginated, inhomogeneous, hypervascularized cutaneous and subcutaneous neoplasms (arrowheads). (B) Dorsal multiplanar reformatted contrast-enhanced CT image of abdomen. Multiple, irregularly marginated, rounded hepatic masses, hypoattenuating to soft tissue, with irregular contrast-enhancement, compatible with primary or metastatic diffuse hepatic neoplasia, are evident (asterisks). (C) Dorsal thick-slab multiplanar reformatted contrast-enhanced CT image of abdomen showing a large left splenogonadal PSS (arrows) connecting the splenic vein (sv) with the left gonadic vein (g) and entering the left renal vein (lr). No ascitic fluid is evident in the background (B,C). P, portal vein; a, aorta; cvc, caudal vena cava; pd, pancreaticoduodenal vein; LK, left kidney; sp, spleen.
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F3
No free fluid in the abdomen was evident (Fig. 3).
PMC5440612_04
Cat 2. (A) Dorsal thick-slab multiplanar reformatted contrast-enhanced CT image of thoracic region showing a large, irregularly marginated, multilobulated, hypervascularized cutaneous mass isoattenuating to the soft tissue with inhomogeneous contrast-enhancement latero-caudal to the right scapula (arrowhead). (B) Ventral three-dimensional volume-rendered CT angiography of portal system and caudal vena cava showing a large left splenogonadal PSS (arrow) connecting splenic vein (sv) with left gonadic vein (g) and entering the left renal vein (lr). (C) Dorsal and (D) transverse multiplanar reformatted contrast-enhanced CT images of abdomen at level of liver (L) showing absence of hepatic macroscopic structural abnormalities or attenuation/volume changes. Also note absence of ascites in the background (C). P, portal vein; a, aorta; cvc, caudal vena cava; LK, left kidney; sv, splenic vein.
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F4
A large tortuous vessel connecting splenic vein and left gonadic vein was observed with no evidence of free fluid in the abdomen (Fig. 4).