PMC5015603_01
Carotid-cavernous fistulas in the pediatric literature (0-10 year)
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T1
She presented again after 3 weeks with features of proptosis, chemosis, engorged veins in right eye (Figure 1 (Fig. 1)).
(a) showing dilated episcleral vessels and proptosis of the right eye and (b) showing abduction limitation of the right eye in right gaze.
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F1
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and orbits with contrast revealed fistulous communication of right cavernous sinus with enlarged right superior ophthalmic vein (SOV), enlarged right cavernous sinus with multiple flow voids, which were suggestive of carotid-cavernous fistula (Figure 2 (Fig. 2) and Figure 3 (Fig. 3)).
MRI showing carotid-cavernous fistula (arrow) and dilatation of right superior ophthalmic vein, with anterior venous drainage.
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F2
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and orbits with contrast revealed fistulous communication of right cavernous sinus with enlarged right superior ophthalmic vein (SOV), enlarged right cavernous sinus with multiple flow voids, which were suggestive of carotid-cavernous fistula (Figure 2 (Fig. 2) and Figure 3 (Fig. 3)).
MRI showing exophthalmos in right eye and dilatation of superior ophthalmic vein.
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F3
On follow up visit after two month she had complete resolution of esotropia, proptosis and chemosis (Figure 4 (Fig. 4)).