PMC9441898_01
(A) The cervical abscess at admission. (B) STAT1 phosphorylation in THP-1 cells was inhibited when incubated with plasma sample from the patient at 1:1,620 dilution but remained consistent with samples from healthy donors. Representation of two independent experiments was shown. (C) Anti-IFN-gamma IgG were detected in the patient's plasma using ELISA at depicted dilutions. STAT1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1; IFN-gamma, interferon-gamma; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (D) The deterioration of cervical abscess during treatment.
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There were two masses on the left side of her neck with tenderness on palpation ( Figure 1A ). THP-1 cells ( Figures 1B, C ), and AOID was diagnosed. The details of the test can be found in the  Supplementary materials . However, her abscess deteriorated despite the ceftazidime treatment ( Figure 1D ).
(A, B) Rash that developed 18 days after the first administration of SMZ-TMP. SMZ-TMP, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim.
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Unexpectedly, 18 days from the start of SMZ-TMP treatment, she developed fever (39 C), prominent facial and palmoplantar edema, and polymorphous maculopapular eruption [>50% of body surface area (BSA)] ( Figures 2A, B ).
Summary of clinical course. The concentrations of half-maximum titers of AIGAs and circulating B-cell counts during the process of treatment. AIGA, anti-interferon-gamma autoantibodies; MP, methylprednisolone; Pred, prednisone; DRESS, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms; SMZ-TMP, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim; NTM, non-tuberculous mycobacteria; RTX, rituximab; IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin; PE, plasma exchange.
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AOID after informed consent. AIGA titer decreased to a lower level, and her abscess improved after these treatments ( Figure 3 ). The AIGA titers, B-cell counts, and respective treatments over time were summarized in  Figure 3 . No relapse of either abscesses or DRESS syndrome had been observed in more than 1 year, although the levels of CRP (33 mg/L), ESR (58 mm/h), and AIGA titer (18,046) silently rebounded ( Figure 3 ).