PMC3798226_01
Dilated fundoscopic examination revealed bilateral optic disc temporal pallor.. Note: (A) right eye and (B) left eye.
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Dilated fundoscopic examination revealed bilateral optic disc temporal pallor (Figure 1).
Visual evoked potentials revealed delayed p100 latencies particularly observed in the smaller patterns in both eyes.. Abbreviations: N, notch; P, peak; VEP, visual evoked potentials.
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P100 latencies particularly observed in the smaller patterns in both eyes (Figure 2). Pupillary light reflex was normal in both eyes.
Scattered depressions with temporal preponderance in visual field test resembling incomplete bitemporal hemianopsia.. Note: The black squares mean absolute scotoma and the other symbols mean relative scotoma.
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Automated visual field testing (Humphrey Instruments Inc., San Leandro, CA, USA) demonstrated scattered depressions with temporal preponderance resembling incomplete bitemporal hemianopsia (Figure 3).
The presence of optic disc temporal atrophy, superior-nasal split bundles (arrow) and borderline inferior-nasal split bundles (arrow) in SD-OCT.. Abbreviations: I, inferior; INF, inferior; N, nasal; NAS, nasal; OD, right eye; OS, left eye; S, Superior; SD-OCT, spectral domain optical coherence tomography; SUP, superior; T, temporal; TMP, temporal.
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Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) map analyzed with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) confirmed the presence of optic disc temporal atrophy (Figure 4).
An abnormal vascularization is seen in the inferomedial portion of the posterior limb of the right internal capsule on computed tomography angiography (arrow).
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Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebral computed tomography angiography (CTA) revealed AVM, which was located adjacent to inferomedial portion of the posterior limb of the right internal capsule at the level of lateral ventricle (Figures 5 and 6).
The arteriovenous malformation is seen in the posterior limb of right internal capsule after intravenous gadolinium injection on axial (A), sagittal (B), and coronal (C) T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (arrow). Also, it is clearly seen that the optic chiasm and hypophysis are normal on coronal T1-weighted magnetic resonance after intravenous gadolinium injection (D).
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Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebral computed tomography angiography (CTA) revealed AVM, which was located adjacent to inferomedial portion of the posterior limb of the right internal capsule at the level of lateral ventricle (Figures 5 and 6).