PMC3971557_01
Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography. (a) Mural thrombus extensively adhered to the vessel wall in the infrarenal inferior vena cava (IVC). (b) Anticoagulant therapy with unfractionated heparin and antithrombin was administered, but the IVC thrombus continued to increase in size, five days later. (c) After switching to warfarin and fondaparinux sodium anticoagulant therapy, the IVC thrombosis significantly shrank within one month.
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fig1
Contrast-enhanced abdominal CT demonstrated the presence of a mural thrombus adhered to the vessel wall in the infrarenal IVC (Figure 1(a)); interruption or hypoplasia of the IVC was not observed. However, the IVC thrombus was found to increase in size, five days later (Figure 1(b)). Thus, we switched to an anticoagulant therapy involving warfarin and fondaparinux sodium, and the IVC thrombosis shrank significantly during the following month of treatment (Figure 1(c)); the patient was then discharged.
PMC3971557_02
Contrast-enhanced abdominal ((a) and (b)) and chest (c) computed tomography. A massive, floating thrombus (approximately 18 x 20 mm) extended from the right common iliac vein to the infrarenal inferior vena cava; an intra-arterial thrombus occluded a right lower lobe pulmonary artery.
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fig2
Contrast-enhanced CT demonstrated a massive, floating thrombus, approximately 18 x 20 mm in size, extending from the right common iliac vein to the infrarenal IVC (Figures 2(a) and 2(b)); an intra-arterial thrombus occluding a right lower lobe pulmonary artery was also noted (Figure 2(c)).
PMC3971557_03
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (a) and catheter-based venography (b). A small, polyp-like thrombus was observed at the infrarenal inferior vena cava.
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fig3
Contrast-enhanced CT and catheter-based venography demonstrated a small, polyp-like thrombus at the site of the infrarenal IVC (Figure 3), in absence of any IVC malformation.