PMC8684531_01
Fundus photograph of the right eye (a) revealed normal fundus appearance. Montage fundus photograph of the left eye (b) revealed vitreous hemorrhage, moderately pale optic disc, macular hemorrhage, extensive peripheral retinal avascular area, sea fan neovascularization, and small fibrotic tissue in the temporal midperipheral retina.
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Funduscopic examination of the left eye revealed vitreous hemorrhage, moderately pale optic disc, macular hemorrhage, extensive peripheral retinal avascular area, sea fan neovascularization, and small fibrotic tissue in the temporal midperipheral retina (Figure 1).
Horizontal macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the right eye (a) revealed the normal macular structure and in the left eye (b) revealed inner retinal irregularity and thinning along with foveal splaying (saucerization of the foveal pit).
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Hemoglobin electrophoresis showed the presence of 57.6% hemoglobin A (HbA), 37.6% hemoglobin S, 2.4% hemoglobin A2, and 2.4% hemoglobin F, which was compatible with the diagnosis of sickle cell trait.
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Hemoglobin electrophoresis showed the presence of 57.6% hemoglobin A (HbA), 37.6% HbS, 2.4% HbA2, and 2.4% HbF, which was compatible with the diagnosis of sickle cell trait (Figure 3).
Montage fundus photograph of the left eye 6 months later revealed that vitreous and preretinal hemorrhages cleared, sea fan neovascularization partially regressed, and fibrotic membrane extended in the temporal midperipheral area.
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On examination, vitreous hemorrhage was cleared and sea fan neovascularization regressed clinically (Figure 4).
Montage midphase fluorescein angiography of the right eye (a) showed unremarkable findings but in the left eye (b) revealed residual peripheral avascular area, laser scars, and partially regressed neovascularizations corresponding to the leakage areas.
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Fluorescein angiography (Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany) showed normal foveal avascular zone size, residual peripheral avascular area, laser scars, and partially regressed neovascularization at the midperipheral retina (Figure 5).