PMC8383637_01
The ultrasonography findings of a hyper-coiled umbilical cord in case 1.
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F1
However, a hyper-coiled cord was revealed based on the antenatal coiling index which was 0.84 (1/length of one cycle (cm)) (Fig. 1).
PMC8383637_02
The ultrasonography findings of hyper-coiled umbilical cord in case 2.
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F2
On ultrasound assessment at 20 + 1 weeks' gestation in our hospital, the estimated fetal weight was 210 g, which was - 2.0 standard deviation (SD) based on the Japanese standard, a hyper-coiled cord was detected by the coiling index of 0.6, and marginal cord insertion of the placenta was revealed (Fig. 2).
(a) The reversed wave of ductus venosus before the admission of case 2. (b) The umbilical venous pulsation before the admission of case 2.
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F3
Ultrasound Doppler assessment revealed the reversed wave of ductus venosus and the pulsation of umbilical venous blood flow (Fig. 3a, b).
(a) The reversed wave of ductus venosus after the admission of case 2. (b) The umbilical venous pulsation after the admission of case 2.
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F4
The Doppler assessment of both the ductus venosus and umbilical venous flow also improved (Fig. 4a, b).