PMC6349975_01
Testosterone values measured prior to each injection (trough values) returned to the normal range right after the first treatment and remained at that level onward.
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Right after the first injection, testosterone returned to the normal range and remained at that level throughout the observation time (Figure 1).
(a) Significant overweight at baseline was reduced to nearly normal weight within the first 4 years of TTh and weight reduction then maintained onward; (b) a BMI of originally 28.4 kg/m2 was reduced to 25 kg/m2 within the first 4 years of TTh.
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TTh, the patient constantly lost weight (-10 kg) and waist circumference was reduced by 8 cm, resulting in a BMI of 25 kg/m2 (Figure 2(a) and (b)). The weight loss was sustained throughout the observation time, that is, the patient did not regain weight during the following years.
HbA1c decreased from 7.2% (baseline) to below 6.5% from month 21 onward; fasting blood glucose decreased from 6.6 to 6.0 mmol/L after month 3 and remained below this value onward; HOMA-IR decreased from 8.5 to 2.5 at month 66 (last measurement).
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Under TTh blood glucose level and lipid profile normalized progressively, HbA1c remained below 6.5% from month 21 onward and below 5.7% from month 36 onward; fasting blood glucose decreased to 6.0 mmol/L after 3 months, to below 5.7 mmol/L after 12 months, and then remained permanently below this value; insulin resistance constantly improved (HOMA-IR: 3.9 at month 24; Figure 3); serum lipid levels dropped back to normal (LDL/HDL ratio < 3 and triglycerides <= 2.5 mmol/L from month 30 onward; Figure 4(a) and (b)).
(a) The LDL/HDL ratio decreased from 5.4 (baseline) to below 3 from month 30 onward; (b) triglycerides decreased from 3.0 mmol/L (baseline) to below 2.5 mmol/L from month 42 onward.
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Under TTh blood glucose level and lipid profile normalized progressively, HbA1c remained below 6.5% from month 21 onward and below 5.7% from month 36 onward; fasting blood glucose decreased to 6.0 mmol/L after 3 months, to below 5.7 mmol/L after 12 months, and then remained permanently below this value; insulin resistance constantly improved (HOMA-IR: 3.9 at month 24; Figure 3); serum lipid levels dropped back to normal (LDL/HDL ratio < 3 and triglycerides <= 2.5 mmol/L from month 30 onward; Figure 4(a) and (b)).
Blood pressure of 176/118 mmHg at baseline normalized to 137/84 mm Hg at month 30.
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A high blood pressure of originally 176/118 mmHg despite prescription of anti-hypertensive drugs decreased to 137/84 mmHg at month 30 (Figure 5).