PMC9064656_01
Chest CT scans of the patients studied. Patient 1: in A, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral ground-glass opacities (GGO), consolidations, and parenchymal bands; in B, a scan after 15 months of follow-up showing subtle peripheral and posterior GGO. Patient 2: in C, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral and peripheral GGO; in D, a scan after 7 months of follow-up showing subtle GGO with subpleural curvilinear lines and small dilated bronchioles in the right lower lobe. Patient 3: in E, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO and crazy-paving pattern; in F, a scan after 6 months of follow-up showing subtle scattered GGO. Patient 4: a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral and peripheral GGO and consolidations; in H, a scan after 4 months of follow-up showing subtle bilateral and peripheral GGO. Patient 5: in I, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO; in J, a scan after 10 months of follow-up showing subtle GGO and mosaic attenuation in the lung parenchyma. Patient 6: in K, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO and consolidations; in L, a scan after 7 months of follow-up showing bilateral GGO with some dilated bronchioles.
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PMC9064656_06_1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf1.jpg
f1
Follow-up CT scanning demonstrated an improvement in comparison with that at hospital admission (Figures 1K and 1L, respectively), showing residual pulmonary lesions only.
Histopathological panel of transbronchial biopsy samples collected from the patients studied (H&E; low power field, x4, and high power field, x40). All of the patients showed hyaline peribronchial remodeling with septal extension. Patient 1: focal septal thickening by prominent extracellular matrix deposition (blue dashed ellipse in A) associated with architectural distortion of the bronchial smooth muscle layer (blue arrows in B). Patient 2: mild hyaline peribronchial remodeling with septal extension (red arrow in C). Note the focal septal thickening by prominent extracellular matrix deposition (red dashed ellipse in D). Patient 3: prominent peribronchial remodeling with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (double green arrow in E). The architectural distortion of the bronchial smooth muscle layer is highlighted (green arrow in F). Patient 4: the architectural distortion around hyaline peribronchial remodeling promoted focal simile-desquamative reaction (area enclosed by blue dashed line in G). Note the disarray and hypertrophy of the bronchial smooth muscle layer (double blue arrow in H). Patient 5: prominent peribronchial remodeling (red arrow in I) with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (double red arrow in J) and small calcification. Patient 6: prominent peribronchial remodeling (green arrow in K) with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (green arrow in L).
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PMC9064656_06_1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf2.jpg
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Pulmonary histopathological analysis was compatible with peribronchial remodeling with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (Figures 2K and 2L).
PMC9064656_02
Chest CT scans of the patients studied. Patient 1: in A, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral ground-glass opacities (GGO), consolidations, and parenchymal bands; in B, a scan after 15 months of follow-up showing subtle peripheral and posterior GGO. Patient 2: in C, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral and peripheral GGO; in D, a scan after 7 months of follow-up showing subtle GGO with subpleural curvilinear lines and small dilated bronchioles in the right lower lobe. Patient 3: in E, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO and crazy-paving pattern; in F, a scan after 6 months of follow-up showing subtle scattered GGO. Patient 4: a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral and peripheral GGO and consolidations; in H, a scan after 4 months of follow-up showing subtle bilateral and peripheral GGO. Patient 5: in I, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO; in J, a scan after 10 months of follow-up showing subtle GGO and mosaic attenuation in the lung parenchyma. Patient 6: in K, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO and consolidations; in L, a scan after 7 months of follow-up showing bilateral GGO with some dilated bronchioles.
1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf1.jpg
PMC9064656_06_1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf1.jpg
f1
Follow-up CT scanning demonstrated an improvement in comparison with that at hospital admission (Figures 1K and 1L, respectively), showing residual pulmonary lesions only.
Histopathological panel of transbronchial biopsy samples collected from the patients studied (H&E; low power field, x4, and high power field, x40). All of the patients showed hyaline peribronchial remodeling with septal extension. Patient 1: focal septal thickening by prominent extracellular matrix deposition (blue dashed ellipse in A) associated with architectural distortion of the bronchial smooth muscle layer (blue arrows in B). Patient 2: mild hyaline peribronchial remodeling with septal extension (red arrow in C). Note the focal septal thickening by prominent extracellular matrix deposition (red dashed ellipse in D). Patient 3: prominent peribronchial remodeling with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (double green arrow in E). The architectural distortion of the bronchial smooth muscle layer is highlighted (green arrow in F). Patient 4: the architectural distortion around hyaline peribronchial remodeling promoted focal simile-desquamative reaction (area enclosed by blue dashed line in G). Note the disarray and hypertrophy of the bronchial smooth muscle layer (double blue arrow in H). Patient 5: prominent peribronchial remodeling (red arrow in I) with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (double red arrow in J) and small calcification. Patient 6: prominent peribronchial remodeling (green arrow in K) with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (green arrow in L).
1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf2.jpg
PMC9064656_06_1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf2.jpg
f2
Pulmonary histopathological analysis was compatible with peribronchial remodeling with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (Figures 2K and 2L).
PMC9064656_03
Chest CT scans of the patients studied. Patient 1: in A, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral ground-glass opacities (GGO), consolidations, and parenchymal bands; in B, a scan after 15 months of follow-up showing subtle peripheral and posterior GGO. Patient 2: in C, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral and peripheral GGO; in D, a scan after 7 months of follow-up showing subtle GGO with subpleural curvilinear lines and small dilated bronchioles in the right lower lobe. Patient 3: in E, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO and crazy-paving pattern; in F, a scan after 6 months of follow-up showing subtle scattered GGO. Patient 4: a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral and peripheral GGO and consolidations; in H, a scan after 4 months of follow-up showing subtle bilateral and peripheral GGO. Patient 5: in I, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO; in J, a scan after 10 months of follow-up showing subtle GGO and mosaic attenuation in the lung parenchyma. Patient 6: in K, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO and consolidations; in L, a scan after 7 months of follow-up showing bilateral GGO with some dilated bronchioles.
1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf1.jpg
PMC9064656_06_1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf1.jpg
f1
Follow-up CT scanning demonstrated an improvement in comparison with that at hospital admission (Figures 1K and 1L, respectively), showing residual pulmonary lesions only.
Histopathological panel of transbronchial biopsy samples collected from the patients studied (H&E; low power field, x4, and high power field, x40). All of the patients showed hyaline peribronchial remodeling with septal extension. Patient 1: focal septal thickening by prominent extracellular matrix deposition (blue dashed ellipse in A) associated with architectural distortion of the bronchial smooth muscle layer (blue arrows in B). Patient 2: mild hyaline peribronchial remodeling with septal extension (red arrow in C). Note the focal septal thickening by prominent extracellular matrix deposition (red dashed ellipse in D). Patient 3: prominent peribronchial remodeling with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (double green arrow in E). The architectural distortion of the bronchial smooth muscle layer is highlighted (green arrow in F). Patient 4: the architectural distortion around hyaline peribronchial remodeling promoted focal simile-desquamative reaction (area enclosed by blue dashed line in G). Note the disarray and hypertrophy of the bronchial smooth muscle layer (double blue arrow in H). Patient 5: prominent peribronchial remodeling (red arrow in I) with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (double red arrow in J) and small calcification. Patient 6: prominent peribronchial remodeling (green arrow in K) with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (green arrow in L).
1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf2.jpg
PMC9064656_06_1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf2.jpg
f2
Pulmonary histopathological analysis was compatible with peribronchial remodeling with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (Figures 2K and 2L).
PMC9064656_04
Chest CT scans of the patients studied. Patient 1: in A, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral ground-glass opacities (GGO), consolidations, and parenchymal bands; in B, a scan after 15 months of follow-up showing subtle peripheral and posterior GGO. Patient 2: in C, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral and peripheral GGO; in D, a scan after 7 months of follow-up showing subtle GGO with subpleural curvilinear lines and small dilated bronchioles in the right lower lobe. Patient 3: in E, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO and crazy-paving pattern; in F, a scan after 6 months of follow-up showing subtle scattered GGO. Patient 4: a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral and peripheral GGO and consolidations; in H, a scan after 4 months of follow-up showing subtle bilateral and peripheral GGO. Patient 5: in I, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO; in J, a scan after 10 months of follow-up showing subtle GGO and mosaic attenuation in the lung parenchyma. Patient 6: in K, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO and consolidations; in L, a scan after 7 months of follow-up showing bilateral GGO with some dilated bronchioles.
1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf1.jpg
PMC9064656_06_1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf1.jpg
f1
Follow-up CT scanning demonstrated an improvement in comparison with that at hospital admission (Figures 1K and 1L, respectively), showing residual pulmonary lesions only.
Histopathological panel of transbronchial biopsy samples collected from the patients studied (H&E; low power field, x4, and high power field, x40). All of the patients showed hyaline peribronchial remodeling with septal extension. Patient 1: focal septal thickening by prominent extracellular matrix deposition (blue dashed ellipse in A) associated with architectural distortion of the bronchial smooth muscle layer (blue arrows in B). Patient 2: mild hyaline peribronchial remodeling with septal extension (red arrow in C). Note the focal septal thickening by prominent extracellular matrix deposition (red dashed ellipse in D). Patient 3: prominent peribronchial remodeling with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (double green arrow in E). The architectural distortion of the bronchial smooth muscle layer is highlighted (green arrow in F). Patient 4: the architectural distortion around hyaline peribronchial remodeling promoted focal simile-desquamative reaction (area enclosed by blue dashed line in G). Note the disarray and hypertrophy of the bronchial smooth muscle layer (double blue arrow in H). Patient 5: prominent peribronchial remodeling (red arrow in I) with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (double red arrow in J) and small calcification. Patient 6: prominent peribronchial remodeling (green arrow in K) with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (green arrow in L).
1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf2.jpg
PMC9064656_06_1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf2.jpg
f2
Pulmonary histopathological analysis was compatible with peribronchial remodeling with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (Figures 2K and 2L).
PMC9064656_05
Chest CT scans of the patients studied. Patient 1: in A, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral ground-glass opacities (GGO), consolidations, and parenchymal bands; in B, a scan after 15 months of follow-up showing subtle peripheral and posterior GGO. Patient 2: in C, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral and peripheral GGO; in D, a scan after 7 months of follow-up showing subtle GGO with subpleural curvilinear lines and small dilated bronchioles in the right lower lobe. Patient 3: in E, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO and crazy-paving pattern; in F, a scan after 6 months of follow-up showing subtle scattered GGO. Patient 4: a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral and peripheral GGO and consolidations; in H, a scan after 4 months of follow-up showing subtle bilateral and peripheral GGO. Patient 5: in I, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO; in J, a scan after 10 months of follow-up showing subtle GGO and mosaic attenuation in the lung parenchyma. Patient 6: in K, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO and consolidations; in L, a scan after 7 months of follow-up showing bilateral GGO with some dilated bronchioles.
1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf1.jpg
PMC9064656_06_1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf1.jpg
f1
Follow-up CT scanning demonstrated an improvement in comparison with that at hospital admission (Figures 1K and 1L, respectively), showing residual pulmonary lesions only.
Histopathological panel of transbronchial biopsy samples collected from the patients studied (H&E; low power field, x4, and high power field, x40). All of the patients showed hyaline peribronchial remodeling with septal extension. Patient 1: focal septal thickening by prominent extracellular matrix deposition (blue dashed ellipse in A) associated with architectural distortion of the bronchial smooth muscle layer (blue arrows in B). Patient 2: mild hyaline peribronchial remodeling with septal extension (red arrow in C). Note the focal septal thickening by prominent extracellular matrix deposition (red dashed ellipse in D). Patient 3: prominent peribronchial remodeling with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (double green arrow in E). The architectural distortion of the bronchial smooth muscle layer is highlighted (green arrow in F). Patient 4: the architectural distortion around hyaline peribronchial remodeling promoted focal simile-desquamative reaction (area enclosed by blue dashed line in G). Note the disarray and hypertrophy of the bronchial smooth muscle layer (double blue arrow in H). Patient 5: prominent peribronchial remodeling (red arrow in I) with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (double red arrow in J) and small calcification. Patient 6: prominent peribronchial remodeling (green arrow in K) with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (green arrow in L).
1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf2.jpg
PMC9064656_06_1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf2.jpg
f2
Pulmonary histopathological analysis was compatible with peribronchial remodeling with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (Figures 2K and 2L).
PMC9064656_06
Chest CT scans of the patients studied. Patient 1: in A, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral ground-glass opacities (GGO), consolidations, and parenchymal bands; in B, a scan after 15 months of follow-up showing subtle peripheral and posterior GGO. Patient 2: in C, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral and peripheral GGO; in D, a scan after 7 months of follow-up showing subtle GGO with subpleural curvilinear lines and small dilated bronchioles in the right lower lobe. Patient 3: in E, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO and crazy-paving pattern; in F, a scan after 6 months of follow-up showing subtle scattered GGO. Patient 4: a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral and peripheral GGO and consolidations; in H, a scan after 4 months of follow-up showing subtle bilateral and peripheral GGO. Patient 5: in I, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO; in J, a scan after 10 months of follow-up showing subtle GGO and mosaic attenuation in the lung parenchyma. Patient 6: in K, a scan during the acute phase showing bilateral GGO and consolidations; in L, a scan after 7 months of follow-up showing bilateral GGO with some dilated bronchioles.
1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf1.jpg
PMC9064656_06_1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf1.jpg
f1
Follow-up CT scanning demonstrated an improvement in comparison with that at hospital admission (Figures 1K and 1L, respectively), showing residual pulmonary lesions only.
Histopathological panel of transbronchial biopsy samples collected from the patients studied (H&E; low power field, x4, and high power field, x40). All of the patients showed hyaline peribronchial remodeling with septal extension. Patient 1: focal septal thickening by prominent extracellular matrix deposition (blue dashed ellipse in A) associated with architectural distortion of the bronchial smooth muscle layer (blue arrows in B). Patient 2: mild hyaline peribronchial remodeling with septal extension (red arrow in C). Note the focal septal thickening by prominent extracellular matrix deposition (red dashed ellipse in D). Patient 3: prominent peribronchial remodeling with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (double green arrow in E). The architectural distortion of the bronchial smooth muscle layer is highlighted (green arrow in F). Patient 4: the architectural distortion around hyaline peribronchial remodeling promoted focal simile-desquamative reaction (area enclosed by blue dashed line in G). Note the disarray and hypertrophy of the bronchial smooth muscle layer (double blue arrow in H). Patient 5: prominent peribronchial remodeling (red arrow in I) with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (double red arrow in J) and small calcification. Patient 6: prominent peribronchial remodeling (green arrow in K) with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (green arrow in L).
1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf2.jpg
PMC9064656_06_1806-3756-jbpneu-48-03-e20210438-gf2.jpg
f2
Pulmonary histopathological analysis was compatible with peribronchial remodeling with extensive extracellular matrix deposition (Figures 2K and 2L).