PMC7508683_01
Peripheral Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Cannulation of the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava into the right internal jugular (a) and femoral vein (b) by Seldinger technique. Femoral artery cannula was established indirectly through a 8 mm Dacron graft.
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Superior vena cava and inferior vena cava cannulae were placed through the right internal jugular vein and femoral vein, respectively, using Seldinger technique under TEE guidance (Fig. 1).
Endoscopic port placement: (a) working port was for the main surgical instruments and prosthetic ring, (b) port for tissue forceps, (c) 3D endoscope, (d) Chitwood clamp, (e) left venting line.
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Mitral valve exposure by using the hanging sutures.
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Additional sutures could be used to fully expose the mitral valve (Fig. 3).
Annuloplasty with a semi-rigid ring.
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We measured the base and height of the anterior leaflet with small tapelines and then compared them with the ring sizer (Fig. 4).