PMC4350829_01
Photograph showing the time of implantation of the diaphragmatic pacemaker intraoperatively.
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The extent of dissection was kept as minimal as possible so that the electrode could "embrace" the nerve without causing excessive traction or compression (Figure 2).
Photograph showing the positioning of the receivers and antenna intraoperatively.
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At this point, the system was connected, and DP stimulation was tested in vivo to confirm diaphragm contraction (Figure 3). Residual pneumothorax was evacuated by performing Valsalva maneuvers, without the need for pleural cavity drainage (Figure 3).