PMC6267498_01
The cervical anteroposterior and lateral radiographs after the first spinal cord stimulator trial.
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The lead of spinal neurostimulator was located at the midline of the C3 body (Figure 1).
The cervical anteroposterior and lateral radiographs after permanent spinal cord stimulator implantation.
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On POD 6, a surgery for permanent implantation was performed under local anesthesia (Figures 2 and 3).
The schematic diagram of relevant anatomical structures and spinal cord stimulator.. Notes: The SCG is connected with C4 spinal nerve through the lateral branch of the SCG (*). Active electrode is radiopaque and white on the radiograph. After the second trial, electrical stimulation was applied to the second (negative) and third (positive) electrodes.. Abbreviations: MCG, middle cervical ganglion; SCG, superior cervical ganglion.
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On POD 6, a surgery for permanent implantation was performed under local anesthesia (Figures 2 and 3). The stimulation lead was moved from the second and third to the third and fourth leads, respectively (Figure 3).
Eye photograph of the patient taken at postoperative day 7, after developing Horner's syndrome.
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On POD 7, the patient developed right-sided meiosis and ptosis (Figure 4).
Eye photograph of the patient taken at postoperative day 8 after the change of stimulation lead; Horner's syndrome was resolved.
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After stimulation lead change, Horner's syndrome disappeared in 24 hours (Figure 5).