PMC4353580_01
Neuroradiological, electrophysiological, and pathological images of the focal cortical dysplasia are illustrated. A) Sagittal T2 FLAIR MRI sections show right anterior cingulate gyrus dysplasia characterized by increased subcortical white matter signal and blurring between gray matter and white matter. B) Intraoperative electrocorticography recorded frequent spikes recorded by the electrodes placed over the lesion. C) Pathological specimen showed enlarged dysmorphic neurons with a huge nucleus and abnormal intracytoplasmic Nissl aggregates and balloon cells characteristic of focal cortical dysplasia type IIb.
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In agreement with the patient and his parents, the dysplastic right anterior cingulate gyrus was surgically removed; pathological diagnosis was of FCD with dysmorphic neurons and balloon cells (FCD type IIb) (Fig. 1).