PMC5059562_01
Case 1 radiography: before treatment 2004 (a), before rebonding, ST in 4.5-4.6 region, 2006 (b), 5 years after debonding 2011 (c), and after the extraction of the ST 2013 (d).
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The pretreatment radiography showed the presence of all the permanent teeth with also the presence of the wisdom teeth (Figure 1(a)). The radiography showed a bicuspid crown with a dental follicle (Figure 1(b)). In this case the OPG (Figure 1(b)) revealed that the tooth was still developing, only the crown being formed, and that the tooth did not have any contact with the contiguous teeth. After 5 years the tooth was still not completely formed but an initial repositioning of the root of 4.5 was present (Figure 1(c)). In 2013, when the tooth achieved a more accessible position it was extracted upon the request of the patient (Figure 1(d)).
PMC5059562_02
Case 2 radiography: before treatment 2006 (a), before rebonding, ST in regions 3.4-3.5, 4.4-4.5, and 2.5-2.6, 2009 (b), 3 years after debonding 2012 (c), 4 years after debonding 2013 (d), and after the extractions of ST in regions 4.4-4.5 and 2.5-2.6, 2015 (e).
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The pretreatment radiography showed the presence of all the permanent teeth with also the presence of the wisdom teeth and the upper canine in eruption phase (Figure 2(a)). In the final stage of the orthodontic treatment in the panoramic radiograph, requested to assess the root parallelism, three supernumerary premolars, two in the lower jaw and one in the upper jaw, were identified (Figure 2(b)). The patient was subjected to follow-up, but his participation was not very regular, and in 2012 the OPG showed the formation of the three teeth (Figure 2(c)); in 2013 two out of the three teeth erupted and due to the more accessible position it was decided to extract these two teeth (Figure 2(d)). In 2015 the patient has still the supernumerary in 3.4-3.5 region (Figure 2(e)).
PMC5059562_03
Case 3 intraoral image: lingual bulge in 4.4-4.5 region.
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At the clinical examination, the patient presented a little bulge in the 4.4-4.5 region (Figure 3) and at the panoramic radiography the presence of a supplemental tooth in this region was discovered (Figure 4(a)).
Case 3 radiography: ST in 4.4-4.5 region 2015 (a) and after extraction 2015 (b).
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At the clinical examination, the patient presented a little bulge in the 4.4-4.5 region (Figure 3) and at the panoramic radiography the presence of a supplemental tooth in this region was discovered (Figure 4(a)). After the extraction a periapical radiograph of the extraction site was done (Figure 4(b)); then the patient started the orthodontic treatment.
Case 3 CBCT: no continuity between the ST's root and the alveolar nerve (a, b) and root resorption of contiguous teeth, indicated by the white arrows (c-e).
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Examining the CBCT ascertained that there was no contiguity between the tooth and the nerve (Figures 5(a) and 5(b)) and that the roots of 4.4 and 4.5 were damaged (Figures 5(c)-5(e)).
PMC5059562_04
Case 4 radiography: before treatment 2011 (a), after treatment, ST in regions 3.4-3.5 and 4.4-4.5, 2014 (b), and after extraction of ST 2014 (c).
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II malocclusion, with greatly increased overjet, atypical swallowing with tongue thrust, and anterior open bite. Initial OPG revealed all the permanent elements including gems of wisdom teeth with the absence of any number or shape of dental anomalies (Figure 6(a)). In the final OPG in March 2014, two supernumerary teeth in 3.4-3.5 and 4.4-4.5 area were found (Figure 6(b)).
Case 4 CBCT: root resorption of contiguous teeth, indicated by the white arrows ((a) 4.3-4.4 and (b) 3.4-3.5).
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From the CBCT, the root displacement of 3.4 and 4.4 and the root resorption of 4.4 were clear (Figures 7(a) and 7(b)).