PMC4174221_01
Visualization of venous drainage including beyond the venous anastomosis. A, Immediately after injection of the dye the artery fluoresces. B, A few seconds later the flap fluoresces and the vein is illuminated.
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F1
After anastomosis of vessels with the recipient site, imaging using the immediate technique revealed visualization of the arterial inflow followed by illumination of the tissue flap indicating arterial sufficiency (Fig. 1). Finally, the venous vasculature began to fluoresce and flow beyond the venous anastomosis could be verified by direct observation (Fig. 1) (See Video 1, Supplemental Digital Content 1, which displays the immediate assessment technique, http://links.lww.com/PRSGO/A22).
Visualization of right reconstructed breast demonstrating appropriate perfusion (A) and quantitative analysis of fluorescence values (B). Visualization of right reconstructed breast 25 min later demonstrating complete venous outflow (C) and quantitative analysis of fluorescence values (D).
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F2
Intraoperative delayed assessment of the flap's fluorescence pattern after inset demonstrated complete extrication of the dye, thereby indicating appropriate venous drainage (Fig. 2). Quantitative analysis revealed that numeric values were significantly lower than the values obtained immediately following injection (Fig. 2).