PMC5829694_01
Showing high bifurcation of the brachial artery into radial and ulnar arteries and an abnormal course of the median nerve in the arm. MN = median nerve; RA = radial artery; UA = ulnar artery; BA = brachial artery; BiB = biceps brachii muscle; TM = teres major muscle.
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The brachial artery bifurcated into the radial artery medially and the ulnar artery laterally at 21 cm cranial of the cubital fossa (Figure 1), whereas normally it divides at the cubital fossa itself with a different disposition. The radial artery remained medial to the median nerve in the arm (Figure 1). The lateral root crossed the axillary artery anteriorly and fused with the medial root to form the median nerve on the medial aspect (Figure 1).
Showing tortuous course of the radial artery in the arm and forearm. MN = median nerve; RA = radial artery; UA = ulnar artery; BA = brachial artery; TM = teres major muscle.
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At the elbow, the radial artery continued along the medial aspect and then crossed to the lateral side at the level of the upper third of the forearm, superficial to the flexor muscles (Figure 2).