PMC3710997_01
Changes in the renal function, MMSE, and HDR-S scores over time in case 1. The dose was increased to 5 mg/day 4 months after the start of DPZ administration because no apparent effects were observed with 3 mg/day. An improvement in the MMSE and HDR-S scores was observed after 4 months of DPZ 5 mg/day. When the renal function declined 1 year after the start of treatment, the MMSE score decreased slightly, while the HDR-S remained unchanged. BUN = Blood urea nitrogen.
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F1
Figure 1 shows changes in the renal function, Mini-Mental Health State Examination (MMSE), and Hasegawa Dementia Rating Scale (HDR-S) of case 1 over time.
Change in the plasma concentration of DPZ administered at 3 and 5 mg/day in case 1. The trough level (11.7 ng/ml) with the 3-mg daily dose was the same as the trough level (10-15 ng/ml) in healthy male adults with a 5-mg daily dose (according to the DI). No peak of the plasma concentration was prominent and there was only a slight increase in the overall plasma concentrations. With the 5-mg daily dose, the Cmax was 44.2 ng/ml, which was considerably higher than that in the healthy volunteers (according to the DI).
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F2
Figure 2 shows the change in the plasma concentration of DPZ administered at 3 and 5 mg/day in case 1.
PMC3710997_02
Changes in the renal function, MMSE, and HDR-S scores over time in case 2. Overall, MMSE and HDR-S scores remained almost unchanged 7 months after the start of the DPZ administration. BUN = Blood urea nitrogen.
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F3
Figure 3 shows changes in the renal function, MMSE, and HDR-S over time.
Change in the plasma concentration of DPZ administered at 10 mg/week in case 2. The plasma concentration was measured just before the construction of an internal shunt for dialysis. The trough level (9.1 ng/ml) was the same as or slightly lower than the trough level in healthy male adults receiving the 5-mg daily dose (10-15 ng/ml). The change in the plasma concentration in the initial 24 h was similar to that in the healthy male adults with the 5-mg daily dose. However, since the patient received DPZ twice a week, it was not reasonable to compare the Cmax in this patient with the Cmax in the DI according to which volunteers received daily administration.
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F4
The plasma concentration was measured at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after the administration of 5 mg of DPZ following about 4 months of treatment with DPZ (fig. 4).