PMC3583439_01
Imaging of the mastoid processes, demonstrating left otomastoiditis: (A) preoperative temporal bone computed tomography (CT) performed on January 13, 2010, and showing left-sided otomastoiditis with opacification (arrow indicates inflamed mastoid air cells); (B) preoperative temporal bone CT performed on January 13, 2010, and showing normal right-sided mastoid air cells without opacification (arrow indicates comparable area that shows the normal appearance of mastoid air cells); (C) postoperative temporal bone CT performed on February 19, 2010, and showing postoperative and postantibiotic resolution of left-sided otomastoiditis (arrow indicates the original area). Note: Some parts of the mastoid process were removed intraoperatively.
hiv-5-061f1.jpg
PMC3583439_01_hiv-5-061f1.jpg
f1-hiv-5-061
A sagittal cut of the left mastoid from the preoperative CT, the right mastoid from the preoperative CT, and the post operative CT scan showing the appearance of the left mastoid process after surgery are shown for comparison in Figure 1.
Imaging of the central nervous system post seizure showing posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome versus Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare cerebritis/meningitis versus immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. (A) Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium performed on January 16, 2010, and showing bilateral occipital lobe and left temporal lobe edema. The appearance is diagnostic of cerebral edema and could be suggestive of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (arrow indicates gyri with obliterated sulci, suggestive of cerebral edema). (B) Brain MRI with and without gadolinium performed on February 22, 2010, and showing resolution of the cerebral edema after a long course of treatment for Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (arrow indicates a comparable area showing gyri with distinct sulci, suggesting resolution of cerebral edema).
hiv-5-061f2.jpg
PMC3583439_01_hiv-5-061f2.jpg
f2-hiv-5-061
The first brain MRI (Figure 2A) showed left-sided cerebral edema of the occipital and temporal lobes and a radiographic appearance consistent with PRES. The follow-up MRI performed after the patient's discharge from hospital showed resolution of the cerebral edema and the cerebritis/meningitis (Figure 2B).
Imaging of the chest showing lymphadenopathy as of January 12, 2010: (A-C) multiple cuts of a computed tomography scan of the chest with intravenous contrast, showing multiple areas of perihilar lymphadenopathy and with the largest lymph node measuring 4.5 x 3.0 cm (arrows indicate lymphadenopathy).
hiv-5-061f3.jpg
PMC3583439_01_hiv-5-061f3.jpg
f3-hiv-5-061
The most demonstrative chest CT images are shown in Figure 3.