PMC5805390_01
Early (A) and late (D) fluorescein angiography showing an ill-defined region of hyperfluorescence with late staining and leakage. En face spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiogram with inner retinal slab (B, purple in E) and outer retinal/retinal pigment epithelium slab (C, yellow in E) demonstrating large subfoveal choroidal neovascularisation (CNV). Combined cross-sectional OCT with OCT angiogram demonstrating type 1 CNV (yellow) (F).
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F1
On the day of OCTA testing, FVPED was present on FA (figure 1A, D). En face SD-OCT angiogram of inner retinal slab and outer retinal slab demonstrated CNV with well-defined boundaries (figure 1B, C, E) correlating to vague area staining and leakage with FA. The cross-sectional colour overlay demonstrated type 1 CNV (figure 1F).
PMC5805390_02
A fundus photo (A). Early (B) and late (C) fluorescein angiography showing a region of stippled hyperfluorescence that emerges over time, inferior and nasal to fovea. (D) 6x6 mm en face spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiogram of inner retina (purple) and choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) (yellow), clearly visible. (E) Choriocapillaris angiogram demonstrating a relatively confluent signal with a region of reduced signal (flow) identified both underneath and adjacent to the CNV tissue. (F) Cross-sectional, coloured OCT angiogram reveals CNV associated with two small pigment epithelial detachments and subretinal fluid. (G-I) Optical coherence tomographic angiography 1 month after treatment with reduced CNV size and increased signal in the central macular choriocapillaris.
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F2
Drusen, RPE changes and no haemorrhage were noted on clinical examination (figure 2A). Early and late FA images revealed a region of stippled hyper-fluorescence that emerges over time consistent with LLUS (figure 2B, C). En face SD-OCTA of 6x6 mm with colour coding of the inner retina and outer retina demonstrated CNV with a network of vessels extending inferior and nasal to the fovea (figure 2D) in the same region of LLUS on FA.
PMC5805390_03
A fundus photo (A) of serous pigment epithelial detachment (PED). Early (B) and late (C) fluorescein angiography (FA) of notched serous PED. En face optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiogram (D) demonstrating choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) in the region of 'notch' on FA. Cross-sectional OCT (E) with angiogram overlay demonstrating type 1 CNV with vessels extending to the margin of the serous PED.
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F3
Visual acuity was 20/25 in the left eye and a serous PED with SRF was noted on clinical examination (figure 3A). FA revealed a region of stippled hyperfluorescence adjacent to the serous PED (figure 3B, C). En face SD-OCTA demonstrated CNV adjacent to serous PED (figure 3D). The cross-sectional structural OCT with flow overlay demonstrated type 1 CNV with several branches extending into the base of the serous PED (figure 3E).