PMC5295796_01
Brain MRI of Case no 1.. Notes: (A) Axial FLAIR and (B) sagittal T2 images show confluent T2 hyperintensity in the periventricular cerebral white matter with mild generalized brain volume loss.. Abbreviations: MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; FLAIR, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery.
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PMC5295796_02
Brain MRI of Case no 14.. Notes: (A) Axial FLAIR image shows a low lesion load. Lesions are shown in periventricular (arrow) and juxtacortical locations (block arrow). (B) Sagittal T2 image shows lesions along the callososeptal interface (arrows). (C) Axial T2 image shows infratentorial lesions in the left hemipons.. Abbreviations: MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; FLAIR, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery.
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He received a diagnosis of an RIS with a medical plan to be reviewed again in neurology outpatient clinic in a further 6 months (Figure 2).
PMC5295796_03
Brain MRI of Case no 7.. Notes: (A) Axial T2 and (B) coronal FLAIR images show confluent lesions in the anterior temporal white matter bilaterally (arrows). Some right hippocampal volume loss is also noted (block arrow). (C) Axial T2 image shows periventricular (arrows) and juxtacortical lesions (block arrows) with some volume loss.. Abbreviations: MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; FLAIR, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery.
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An MRI brain scan performed at this time showed "multiple WMHs of both cerebral hemispheres, predominantly in the periventricular and juxtacortical regions" as well as "severe corpus callosum involvement and thinning, moderate diffuse volume loss and mild-to-moderate asymmetric right medial temporal lobe volume loss" (Figure 3).