PMC3808791_01
a Contrast-enhanced abdominal CT. Early filling of a dilated renal vein in the arterial phase, which is consistent with AVF. b Color-coded Doppler sonography showing AVF. Increased color saturation toward blue can be seen on the surface of the kidney.
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F1
Since an enlarged left renal pelvis was newly recognized on ultrasonography, enhanced computed tomography (CT) was performed and she was diagnosed with an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in the lower pole of her left kidney (fig. 1a). Since repeated ultrasonography showed an increased dilatation of the left renal vein (fig. 1b), she decided to undergo treatment with percutaneous intervention.
a Left renal arteriography confirmed an AVF with aneurysmal dilatation and an enlarged draining vein. b Superselective catheterization before embolization. c Occlusion of an AVF and aneurysmal dilatation after embolization. d Confirmation of no additional detection of perfusion after the procedure.
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F2
An arteriogram confirmed an AVF with an enlarged draining vein and aneurysmal dilatation (fig. 2a, b). Selective embolization of the feeding arterial branch closed the AVF with 8 detachable coils (fig. 2c, d).
Follow-up MRI taken 3 months after the intervention. No abnormalities, including the dilatation of the renal vein, can be seen.
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F3
Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed 3 months after the intervention did not show any abnormalities, including the dilatation of the renal vein (fig. 3).