PMC4531947_01
Venography of left lower extremity. Left iliac vein is obliterated and multiple collateral veins (arrow) are shown.
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Two years ago, bypass surgery was performed due to deep vein thrombosis of left lower extremity (Fig. 1, 2).
Venography of left lower extremity. Popliteal vein is abruptly obliterated (arrow) and superficial femoral vein is not opacified. Multiple collateral vessels are shown.
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Two years ago, bypass surgery was performed due to deep vein thrombosis of left lower extremity (Fig. 1, 2).
CT of chest. SVC and brachiocephalic veins are obliterated (arrow) and multiple collateral vessels are opacified at anterior chest wall and both axilla.
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Computed tomographic (CT) scan of the thorax (Fig. 3) demonstrated large amounts of bilateral pleural effusion and SVC occlusion with prominent collateral vessels at the chest wall, both axillary areas and within the mediastinum.
Abdominal CT. IVC is filled with low attenuate thrombus (arrow). Multiple collaterals are noted at the anterior abdominal wall, hepatogastric and hepatosplenic ligament area.
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Abdominal CT (Fig. 4) showed ascites and obliterated IVC, except for the short segment near the heart.