PMC10389038_01
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of abdomen and pelvis. (A) Three-dimensional reconstruction; (B) The solid cystic mass was between IVC and phrenic foot (  IVC,   portal vein); (C) There was an arterial vessel that originated from the aorta (red circle) supplying blood directly to the tumor.
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The tumor was completely covered by IVC ( Supplementary Figure 1 ).
The three-dimensional printing for the tumor. (A) Front view; (B) Front view without liver; (C) Dorsal view. Yellow, tumor; Red, artery; Deep blue, IVC system; Light blue, portal vein system.
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To reproduce the tumor morphology more intuitively, our hospital carried out three dimensional (3D) printing based on imaging data ( Figure 2 ). Vessel loops were used for direction and traction of important large vessels, including IVC, left renal vein and portal vein, and the tumor was gradually exposed ( Supplementary Figures 2 ,  3 ).
Pathological photos. (A) HE staining (x100); (B) Immunohistochemistry of soluble protein-100 (+); (C) Immunohistochemistry of chromogranin A (+); (D) Immunohistochemistry of synaptophysin (+).
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Vessel loops were used for direction and traction of important large vessels, including IVC, left renal vein and portal vein, and the tumor was gradually exposed ( Supplementary Figures 2 ,  3 ). Immunohistochemical analyses were as follows: soluble protein-100 (+), synaptophysin (+), chromogranin A (+), cytokeratin [CK (AE1/AE3)] (-), Ki-67 (index 2%), melanoma antigen (-), alpha-inhibin (-), succinate dehydrogenase B (+), O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (-) ( Figure 3 ).