PMC2734933_01
(a) T2-weighted MRI showing marked hydrocephalus, T1-weighted contrast enhanced MRI reveals a small lesion tumor at the cranial end of the aqueduct in axial (b) and sagittal view (c) and TRUFI sequences (sagittal thin T2-weighted images, (d)).
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed obstructive hydrocephalus (Figure 1) caused by a small tumor at the cranial entry of the aqueduct (Figure 2(a)). 
T2-weighted sagittal MRI (left) before and (right) after endoscopic tumor removal with restoration of the aqueduct. The tumor is marked by arrows.
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed obstructive hydrocephalus (Figure 1) caused by a small tumor at the cranial entry of the aqueduct (Figure 2(a)).  Intraoperative high-field MRI revealed a free CSF passage of the aqueduct (Figure 2(b)).
Intraoperative endoscopic images of the tumor at the entrance of the aqueduct before (a), within (b), and after tumor resection (c).
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Intraoperatively, the tumor was found to be smooth and moderately vascularized (Figure 3(a)). The lesion was coagulated with bipolar coagulation and than removed using forceps (Figures 3(b) and 3(c)).
Papillary ependymoma: HE (a) S-100 protein (b) GFAP (c), Elastica-van-Giessen staining (d).
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Mitoses were absent (Figure 4(a)). Immunohistochemically the tumor cells were positive for S-100 Protein (Figure 4(b)) but negative for GFAP (Figure 4(c)). Elastica-van-Giesson staining showed reticulin fibers (Figure 4(d)).