PMC4877283_01
Ferumoxytol-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for kidney transplant evaluation. (A) 3D reconstruction of venous circulation in the patient described in the text, a 27-year-old woman with thrombosis of the inferior vena cava (IVC) during infancy. Cavernization of collateral veins including the gonadal veins and paralumbar veins is present to compensate for a thrombosed IVC ( ). Left iliac vein (*) is atretic with reduced venous blood flow in the left paralumbar vein. Right kidney shows no venous outflow, with all kidney function provided by the left kidney. (B) Axial cross section at the level of L5 (gray planar slice in panel A) with confirmation of patency of the right external iliac vein and right internal iliac vein.
nihms748262f1.jpg
PMC4877283_01_nihms748262f1.jpg
F1
Images were acquired while the patient remained supine in the 3T electromagnetic coil for 45 minutes (Figure 1).