PMC10461803_01
Lynx showing a broad based stand of the front limbs and crossed hind limbs due to ataxia.
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Clinically, the lynx was atactic (see Supplementary Videos 1, 2), with a broad based stand of the front limbs and crossed hind limbs (Figure 1).
A computer tomographic (CT) scan of the brain revealed a dorsally broadened liquid-filled subarachnoid space as well as multifocal hypodense areas within the parenchyma. Additionally, a decreased ventricular diameter was suspected (>).
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Furthermore, a generalized edema leading to a decreased diameter of the cerebral ventricles was suspected (Figure 2).
(A) Meningoencephalitis in the cerebellum. Inflammatory cells were mainly composed of lymphocytes and macrophages (asterisk). HE, bar: 200 mum. (B) Dilation of myelin sheaths in the cerebellum. Multiple vacuoles (arrows) were visible within the white matter of the cerebellum. HE, bar: 500 mum. (C) Demyelination of the cerebellum was confirmed by luxol fast blue:cresyl violet staining (LFB/CV). A large area of tissue lacked the blue staining of myelin sheaths (arrows). LFB/CV, bar: 500 mum. (D) Detection of viral antigen within the cerebellum. Multiple cells showed an immunolabeling with the anti-CDV-nucleoprotein antibody within the gray and white matter (arrows). CDV nucleoprotein immunohistochemistry (Antibody: D110, Prof. Dr. Zurbriggen, University of Bern), bar: 200 mum.
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Histologically, a multifocal, perivascular, lymphohistiocytic meningoencephalitis was present in cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem (Figure 3A). In addition, a severe, multifocal dilation of myelin sheaths with multifocal spheroids and myelinophages as well as a mild, multifocal microgliosis was noticed in cerebellum and brain stem (Figure 3B). The demyelination was confirmed by LFB/CV staining (Figure 3C). CDV-nucleoprotein was detected intralesionally in the gray and white matter of cerebrum and cerebellum (Figure 3D).