PMC10316177_01
Computed tomography scan (a-d) and magnetic resonance imaging (e: T1, f: T2, g: Short tau inversion recovery, and h: Gadolinium-enhanced) of the occipitocervical spine.
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F1
The angiogram showed the vertebral artery (VA) was encased bilaterally at the C2 level [Figures 1 and 2].
Vertebral artery subtraction angiogram (a: Right, b: Left), showing no anatomic variations.
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F2
The angiogram showed the vertebral artery (VA) was encased bilaterally at the C2 level [Figures 1 and 2].
Immediate postoperative lateral craniocervical X-ray (a) and computed tomography scan (b: Coronal, c: Right parasagittal, and d: Left parasagittal).
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F3
They were then gradually expanded under microscopic/fluoroscopic visualization until proper fixation (i.e., good bone-cage approximation) was achieved. The bilateral occiput to C4 rods was then permanently affixed and tightened [Figure 3].