PMC5433131_01
Central retinal artery occlusion. (a) Fundus picture showing retinal whitening in the posterior pole with cherry red spot suggestive of central retinal artery occlusion, (b) fundus fluorescein angiography taken on the next day showing normal arm retinal time with delayed arterio-venous time suggestive of reperfusion, (c) optical coherence tomography shows hyperreflective inner retinal layers with thickening and an intact outer retina suggestive of central retinal artery occlusion. Inner retinal layers are edematous and fused due to an acute ischemic event
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F1
CRAO [Figure 1a]. Clinically, there was no evidence of retrobulbar hemorrhage or globe perforation. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) was performed to confirm the diagnosis [Figure 1c]. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) was done on the next day to assess the retinal perfusion [Figure 1b].
PMC5433131_02
Combined occlusion of central retinal artery and vein. (a) Fundus image (montage) shows pale disc, sclerosed vessels, and intraretinal hemorrhages in all quadrants suggestive of combined occlusion, (b) fundus fluorescein angiography shows occluded artery (arrow head) and occluded vein (arrow), (c) optical coherence tomography shows thin and atrophic retinal layers suggestive of a long-standing vascular occlusion
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F2
Fundus revealed pale disc, sclerosed arteries, and veins with superficial hemorrhages, suggestive of a long-standing combined occlusion of central retinal artery and vein [Figure 2a]. FFA confirmed the diagnosis [Figure 2b]. SD OCT showed thinning and atrophy of inner retinal layers, suggestive of a long-standing arterial occlusion [Figure 2c].