PMC3109400_01
The absence of the pectoralis muscles and nipple hypoplasia on the left side. Also note the hypoplasia of the left serratus anterior muscle.
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Upon physical examination, the left nipple and areola were observed to be hypoplastic and lightly pigmented (Fig. 1).
The scapula is displaced medially and superiorly during a push-up motion against a wall. This displacement represents the loss of serratus anterior muscle function.
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In addition, thoracic vertebral scoliosis and an elevated scapula were observed (Fig. 2).
A three-dimensional thoracic CT scan reveals a sternal rotational abnormality (black arrow), thoracic scoliosis, and an elevated left scapula.
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Three-dimensional thoracic (3-D) computed tomography (CT) revealed a sternal rotational anomaly, thoracic scoliosis, and an elevated scapula (Fig. 3).
An axial thracic CT scan reveals a defect in major and minor muscles of left pectoralis (white arrow).
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An axial sequence in the thoracic CT revealed the absence of the left pectoralis major and minor muscles (Fig. 4).