PMC5850993_01
Postoperative anteroposterior (A) and lateral (B) plain radiographs of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The alpha angle, which is the medial angle between the anatomical axis of the femur and the tangent of the femoral component, was 101 . The beta angle, which is the medial angle between the anatomical axis of the tibia and the line parallel to the tibial tray, was 91 . The sagittal femoral gamma (gamma) angle, which is the proximal angle between a line drawn perpendicular to the distal cement interface of the femoral component and the femoral anatomical axis in the lateral radiograph, was 2 . The sagittal tibial delta (delta) angle, which is the posterior angle between a line drawn parallel to the tibial component and the anatomical tibia axis in the lateral radiograph was 85 .
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Postoperative radiographs demonstrated well-aligned implant position in the coronal and sagittal planes (Fig. 1).
Anteroposterior (A) and lateral (B) plain radiographs at the time of arthroscopic surgery. The alpha angle was 103 ; beta angle, 90 ; gamma angle, 2 ; and delta angle, 82 .
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Plain radiographs demonstrated very minimal sinking of the femoral component and minimal valgus tendency (Fig. 2).
a. The arthroscopic finding indicated that the soft tissue was observed on the surface of the femoral bone in the intercondylar fossa. b. Under arthroscopy, the soft tissue was removed. c. Microphotograph of the resected nodule (hematoxylin-eosin staining) demonstrating fibrous granulation and regenerating bone tissues.
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The arthroscopic findings indicated that the soft tissue existed on the surface of the femoral bone in the intercondylar fossa (Fig. 3). These phenomena disappeared after the soft tissue was removed (Fig. 3). The pathological finding indicated that the tissue was a fibrous granulation and regenerating bone tissue (Fig. 3).
Anteroposterior (A) and lateral (B) plain radiographs before the revision surgery. The alpha angle was 106 ; beta angle, 90 ; gamma angle, 2 ; and delta angle, 84 .
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Based on the plain radiographs and clinical course, loosening of the femoral component was diagnosed (Fig. 4).