PMC4131002_01
Tumors from long-distance runners had decreased labeling for macrophages and vascular endothelial cells compared to short-distance runners. (a) and (b) Reddish brown stains show greatly reduced F4/80 positive macrophages in tumor tissue from a long-distance runner, but increased cell numbers in tumor tissue from a short-distance runner, respectively. (c) and (d) Reddish brown stain shows greatly reduced CD34 positive vascular endothelial cells in tumor tissue from a long-distance runner, but an extensive increase in these cells in tumor tissue from a short-distance runner, respectively.
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It can be seen that macrophages are much less frequent in a tumor from a long-distance runner (Fig. 1a) compared to a tumor from a short-distance runner (Fig. 1b). The decrease in CD34 labeling in a long-distance runner (Fig. 1c) compared to a short-distance runner (Fig. 1d) suggests that increased running distance was also associated with decreased vascularization.