PMC5133399_01
Case 1: 2-year-old male miniature poodle. (A,B): Dorsal and plantar view of the right pes showing the absence of all the digits and all digital pads. (C): Dorso-plantar radiographic projection of the right pes [* = lateral side] showing the absence of all second phalangeal bones (brachymesophalangy). (D,E): Dorsal and plantar view of the left pes showing the absence of all the digits and all digital pads. (F): Dorso-plantar radiographic projection of the left pes showing the absence of the first and second phalangeal bones of the II and V digits, whereas the two intermediate digits present just a sketch.
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F1
On radiographic examination, all of the digits had missing of some phalangeal bones: in the right foot, there was the absence of one row of phalangeal bones (II or III row) and the distal row was characterized by "V" shaped phalangeal bones; in the left foot, II and V digits presented a single "V" shaped phalangeal bone, whereas the III and IV digits presented just portion of the base, probably as consequence of the amputation (Fig. 1).
PMC5133399_02
Case 2: 3-month-old female English setter. (A,B): Dorsal and plantar view of the left manus showing an abnormal development and the evident shortening of the most lateral digits, however all the pads are present. (C): Dorso-plantar radiographic projection of the left manus [* = lateral side] showing short (or partially developed) IV and V metacarpal bones, hypoplastic phalanges of the V digit (just the III phalangeal bone was clearly identifiable, whereas the I phalangeal bone appeared as an isolated sketch, shorter and thinner than normal), synostosis between the I phalangeal bone of the IV digit and the II phalangeal bone of the V digit. (D,E,F): Dorsal and plantar view and dorso-plantar radiographic projection of the right manus showing a normal development.
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F2
Case 2: 3-month-old female English setter. (A): Lateral radiographic projection of the left shoulder joint. There is a severe deformity characterized by collapse and flattening of the proximal humeral epiphysis, as well as a more pronounced sigmoid-shape and shortness of the shaft of the humerus. Moreover, the infraglenoid tubercle and the caudal end of the glenoid cavity of the scapula were hypoplastic and sclerotic. (B): Lateral radiographic projection of the right shoulder joint. The anatomy is preserved and no abnormalities are detectable.
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F3
Moreover, the infraglenoid tubercle and the caudal end of the glenoid cavity of the scapula were hypoplastic and sclerotic (Fig. 3).
PMC5133399_03
Case 3: 3-year-old male Border collie. Dorsal (A,B) and palmar (C,D) macroscopic view of the right manus. Note the complete absence of the IV digit, visible in all the pictures, and the cutaneous syndactyly between the II and III digits, visible in pictures C and D.
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F4
Physical examination of the involved limb revealed a deformity of the paw characterized by the absence of the IV digit and the fusion of the II and the III digits which determined a "cleft hand aspect" (Fig. 4).
Case 3: 3-year-old male Border collie. (A): Dorso-palmar radiographic projection of the left manus [* = lateral side] showing a normal development of all the digits and a varus deviation of the last two phalangeal bones of the V digit. (B): Dorso-palmar radiographic projection of the right manus showing the absence of the IV digits with a residual sketch of the relative metacarpal on the right side, as well as varus deviation of the last two phalangeal bones of the III and V digits.
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F5
On the left side, the clinical unaffected paw, the radiographic examination revealed, as an incidental finding, a varus deviation of the last two phalangeal bones of the V digit (Fig. 5).