PMC8060101_01
Abdominal plain radiographs: (a) ventrodorsal projection showing the large structure with a liquid-like radiopacity occupying a large part of the middle and caudal abdomen; right dislocation of the middle and distal portions of the descending colon (S indicates the left side); (b) right lateral projection showing the large and convolute structure localized cranially and dorsally to the urinary bladder; lumbosacral transitional vertebra and spondylosis in L6, L7, and S1.
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fig1
These signs of spondylosis were evident in both lateral and ventral views (Figure 1).
Abdominal ultrasound, left lateral approach. Cranial end of the fluid-filled tubular structure identified as the left hydronephrotic/atrophic kidney. Some tracts of renal vascularization are still evident.
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fig2
To the cranial end of the structure, positioned where the left kidney usually lies, a dead-end, whose wall was characterized by a thin vascularized parenchyma, it was present (Figure 2).
Abdominal computed tomography (CT): (a) transverse scan showing the ectopic megalic ureter; (b) multiplanar reformat (MPR) reconstruction showing the tubular structure; (c) MPR reconstruction showing the left adrenal gland; (d) MPR reconstruction showing the hypertrophic prostate with a prostatic cyst; (e) MPR reconstruction showing the urinary bladder surrounded by the convolute saccular structure; (f) MPR reconstruction showing the lumbosacral transitional vertebra; (g) transverse scan showing the 4th lumbar vertebra with left lateral deviation of the dorsal spinal process.
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fig3
CT images confirmed the presence of lumbosacral transitional vertebra and spondylosis in L6 and L7 and in the sacrum, already highlighted with plain radiographs (Figure 3).
Stages of surgery: (a) ventral midline celiotomy and exploration of part of the large, fluctuating, convolute structure occupying a large portion of the abdomen; (b) dissection of peritoneal anchors to isolate the complex of megaureter, renal pelvis, residue of the kidney, vas deferens, and sketch of the genital annexes; (c) sealing of the vascular supply; (d) ligatures of the distal portion of the ectopic ureter and vas deferens in proximity to the prostate gland to fulfill the nephroureterectomy and deferentectomy.
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fig4
A double ligature and subsequent cutting of the distal portion of the ureter and vas deferens were performed closeness to the prostate gland to conclude the nephroureterectomy and deferentectomy (Figures 4 and 5).
Complex of megaureter, renal pelvis, dysplastic kidney, vas deferens, and sketch of the genital annexes after excision: (a) ventral aspect; (b) dorsal aspect; (c) detail of the dysplastic-small kidney after sectioning and emptying the megaureter.
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fig5
A double ligature and subsequent cutting of the distal portion of the ureter and vas deferens were performed closeness to the prostate gland to conclude the nephroureterectomy and deferentectomy (Figures 4 and 5).
Histological aspect of renal parenchyma of 8-year-old mixed-breed dog with ectopic ureter: note the characteristic dysplastic aspect of the kidney, with loss of corticomedullary differentiation, containing some well-developed glomeruli, admixed to small cysts and primordial glomeruli (big arrow) surrounded with a cubic-to-cylindrical epithelium. Some glomeruli are calcified (small arrow). H&E, scale bar = 300 mum.
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fig6
This dysplastic-small kidney (ranging in size between 3.5 and 4 cm) has loss of corticomedullary differentiation, containing some well-developed glomeruli, admixed in the peripheral portion of the parenchyma to small cysts surrounded with a cubic-to-cylindrical mono- or bilayered epithelium (Figure 6).
Histological aspect of the embryonal parenchyma of the left kidney: note that in the central portion of parenchyma, a well-developed Wolffian duct residue (arrow) is evolving, in the distal portion, into an epididymal-like structure. Insert: a Wolffian duct residue with a columnar epithelium and a lumen patent along its whole length is observed. H&E, scale bar = 600 mum. Insert, scale bar = 150 mum.
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fig7
Total testicular agenesis was histologically confirmed (Figure 7).