PMC7906016_01
Magnetic resonance venography images of head in Case 1. The red arrow indicates the focal stenosis of cerebral venous sinus and venous collateral circulation.
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F1
Fundoscopy showed stage V papilledema measured by the Frisen scale (Supplementary Figure 1).
Non-contrast enhanced (A,C,E) and contrast-enhanced (B,D,F) black-blood thrombus images of the head in Case 1. The red arrow indicates the focal stenosis of the internal jugular vein and cerebral vein sinus.
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F2
MRI with black-blood thrombus image (MRBTI) of the brain (Figure 2) demonstrated subacute thrombosis in the superior sagittal sinus (SSS), straight sinus, right transverse sinus (TS), right sigmoid sinus (SS), and proximal part of right internal jugular vein (IJV). Moreover, no parenchymal lesion was found in MRBTI.
PMC7906016_02
(A) Magnetic resonance images of the head in Case 2. The red arrow indicates the focal ischemic infarction in left occipital lobe [(a) T1 sequence; (b-d) T1 sequence with contrast-enhancing; (e) T2 sequence; (f) T2 FLAIR sequence; (g) DWI sequence; (h) ADC sequence]. (B) Magnetic resonance images of the head in Case 2. The red arrow indicates the focal ischemic infarction in cerebellum [(a) T1 sequence; (b) T2 sequence; (c) T2 FLAIR sequence; (d) DWI sequence].
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F3
MRI indicated cerebral infarction in the left occipital lobe (Figure 3A) and both sides of the cerebellum (Figure 3B).
(A-D) Magnetic resonance arthrography images of the head in Case 2. The red arrow indicates partial filling defects.
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F4
Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) showed focal stenosis in the distal branches of the left posterior cerebral artery (PCA) and a partial filling defect in both sides of the superior cerebellar arteries (Figure 4).
Magnetic resonance venography images of the head (A-C) and neck (D-F) in Case 2.
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F5
CE-MRV excluded the possibility of CVT (Figure 5).
Flow diagram of the study selection process on drug-induced cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST).
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F6
We identified 322 publications related to drug-induced cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), of which 109 were selected for full-length review (Figure 6).
Flow diagram of the study selection process on cyclosporine-A (CsA)-induced thrombosis.
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F7
One hundred forty articles were identified, and full texts of 67 articles were screened (Figure 7).