PMC9424688_01
Case 1. (A) Xanthelasmas of the bilateral eyelids. (B) Xanthoma at the buttocks. (C) Partial shrinkage of tumor in the bilateral knee joints after lipid-lowering therapy. (D) One year after resection of xanthoma at the left elbow. (E) One year after resection of xanthoma at the right elbow. (F) The section of xanthoma at the time of resection. (G) Half a year after resection of xanthoma at the bilateral buttocks.
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F1
Xanthelasmas of the bilateral upper eyelids was present (Figure 1A). There were 7 x 8 and 8 x 8 cm round masses present in the bilateral buttocks, respectively (Figure 1B); these which protruded to the body surface without ulceration. Partial shrinkage of the mass at the knee joint after drug treatment was present (Figure 1C). A surgical excision biopsy had been conducted previously at the bilateral elbow joints, with postoperative scars (Figures 1D,E). The mass was brownish-yellow nodule-like, mostly distributed in the joints of the limbs and parts that were susceptible to pressure and friction, with clear boundaries, soft texture, and no tenderness; the mass was incised at 0.5 cm along the boundary of the mass and peeled off with an electric knife, and it was found that the mass was located at the superficial fascia, without obvious capsule, is pale yellow on the cut surface and tough in texture (see Figure 1F). Lipid-lowering and anticoagulation therapy was continued after discharge, and no recurrence was observed during the 6-month follow-up (Figure 1G).
The ECG of Case 1. The ECG showed sinus arrhythmia and frequent premature atrial contractions.
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F2
ECG showed sinus arrhythmia and frequent premature atrial contractions (Figure 2).
Case 2. (A) Xanthoma in the bilateral elbow before the resection. (B-D) Three months after the resection of xanthoma at the bilateral elbows.
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There was no swelling or pain in the joints as well as no movement restriction (Figure 3A). The patient was followed up with for 3 months post-operation; the incision healed well (Figures 3B-D).
The ECG of Case 2. The ECG showed sinus arrhythmia.
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TC = 7.01 mmol/L, HDL-C = 1.65 mmol/L, LDL-C = 3.94 mmol/L, HDL-C/LDL-C ratio = 0.42, serum Apo A1 = 1.42 g/L, and serum Apo B = 1.57 g/L. The ECG showed sinus arrhythmia (Figure 4). The results of the color Doppler ultrasonography revealed that the inner diameters of the bilateral common carotid arteries, internal carotid arteries, and external carotid arteries were normal, and that the left and right carotid arteries were irregularly thickened, with a thicknesses of 1.5 mm and 1.2 mm at the thickest parts, respectively.