PMC4406011_01
Standing whole spine radiographs. Standing radiographs show scoliosis of 65  at T2-7 and 75  at T7-12 (a), and kyphosis of 61  at T5-l2 (b).
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Fig2
Radiographs showed scoliosis of 65  at T2-7 and 75  at T7-L1, and kyphosis of 60.8  at T5-12 (Figure  2).
Postoperative whole spine radiographs. Scoliosis was corrected to 19  and 15 , with correction rates of 71% and 80% after surgery.
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Fig3
A chest X-ray taken at that time showed a massive opacification in the left thorax (Figure  3), and a contrasted chest CT revealed a massive hemothorax on the left side.
Postoperative chest radiograph. A chest radiograph taken 18 hours after surgery shows a massive hemothorax in the left lung.
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Fig4
T3 and T4 intercostal areas (Figure  4) and a penetration of the pleura between the left 4th and 5th intercostal areas from which active bleeding had already stopped. These complications were consistent with injuries caused by the tip of the Gelpi retractor used to expose the surgical field during surgery.