PMC4818290_01
Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography (3D-CTA) showing two left renal veins. The cranial one retroaortically draining into the inferior vena cava (A), and the caudal one between the inferior mesenteric artery and the left common iliac artery and draining into the left common iliac vein (B).
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Laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy was planned, and 3D-CTA was performed, revealing two left renal veins (Fig. 1).
Laparoscopic view of retroperitoneal tissue after separating the sigmoid colon mesenterium. The caudal left renal vein, as predicted by 3D-CTA.
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The procedure was performed safely by carefully avoiding any injury to the left renal vein located posterior to the IMA (Fig. 2).