Synovial chondromatosis is a benign disease which most commonly appears in large joints and only rarely affects the temporomandibular joint. The diagnosis is quite difficult due to the fact that a large swelling in the preauricular area and the radiographic findings may be misdiagnosed as other benign or malignant diseases. We report an unusual case of intra- and extracapsular chondromatosis of 25 osteochondral loose bodies in the right temporomandibular joint.