Introduction. To report a case of anterior sclera staphyloma and vitreous hemorrhage occurring over 38 years after bilateral cataract surgery. Methods. A 58-year-old man presented with anterior sclera staphyloma and vitreous hemorrhage in the right eye, after bilateral cataract surgery, over 38 years ago. We performed combined anterior sclera staphylectomy and vitrectomy of right eye for anterior sclera staphyloma and vitreous hemorrhage. Results. Forty-eight months after the combined surgery, best-corrected visual acuity was 0.3 (+10.00/-4.50 × 60) with eutopic stitches of the corneoscleral junction on the superior nasal quadrant and a stable ocular surface. Conclusions. This is the first reported case of anterior sclera staphyloma with vitreous hemorrhage successfully managed by combined surgery.