Study design:
Prospective case series.
Objective:
Investigate the association of testosterone and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels with depressive symptoms in women after spinal cord injury (SCI).
Setting:
Community SCI clinic.
Methods:
Twenty-seven participants were enrolled in this study. Total testosterone (Total T) and TSH levels as well as the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) survey and monthly sexual activity were obtained from only 20 participants. Pearson's correlations were used to assess the relationship between age, time from injury, Total T level, TSH level, and CES-D total score. Follow-up analyses investigating the role of monthly sexual activity was also explored.
Results:
Participants' average age and time from injury was 44.4 ± 12.7 years old and 11.7 ± 8.89 years, respectively. Low Total T was observed in four participants and one of those participant's presented with low TSH as well. Nine women were classified as "at risk for clinical depression" on the CES-D (total score >15). Pearson's correlations revealed a significant association between time from injury and TSH (r = .536, p = .015), as well as CES-D total score (r = -.547, p = .013). Total T was associated with CES-D total score (ρ = -.541, p = .02).
Conclusions:
This study provides preliminary results on abnormal hormone levels and depressive symptoms in women after SCI. Twenty percent of this sample presented with low Total T, which was associated with increased depressive symptoms after accounting for time from injury. Further research is needed to investigate the impact of SCI on hormone function and mental health in women post SCI.
Sponsorship:
Sally Rynne National Association of Women's Health Quality Award 2002.