Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an immune-mediated thrombocytopenia. ITP is the result of accelerated platelet destruction by the reticuloendothelial system, primarily the spleen. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and the effect of its eradication were monitored in an ITP patient over a period of 12 months. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori led to the increased platelet count and provides a new insight for a non-immunosuppressive treatment in selective ITP patients.