A 37-year-old man developed abdominal pain and the frequency of severe abdominal pain steadily increased to once a month. He was therefore admitted to our hospital. Abdominal CT showed bowel obstruction. It revealed transient stenosis in the small intestine. There were no symptoms such as fever or weight loss, it seemed unlikely that the patient had inflammatory bowel disease. Considering the history of recurrent abdominal pain, Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) was considered. As a result, a genetic analysis revealed mutations in exons 3 and 8 of the MEFV gene. We herein report the first known case of FMF with transient small bowel stenosis in Japan.