Background:
Spontaneous or fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB)-induced remission of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is an extremely rare and generally transient phenomenon.
Methods:
A 40-year-old woman with a history of recurrent kidney stones was diagnosed with PHPT (serum calcium, 14.2 mg/dL; parathyroid hormone [PTH], 380 pg/mL). Ultrasonography and scintigraphy findings were consistent with a left enlarged parathyroid. Ultrasound-guided-FNAB cytology of the lesion did not confirm a parathyroid nature. However, levels of PTH within the needle-washing fluid were elevated.
Results:
After few days, there was evidence of biochemical remission of the hypercalcemia (calcium, 8.1 mg/dL), and at subsequent follow-up visits, the enlarged parathyroid showed progressive shrinkage with eucalcemia and normalized PTH levels throughout 12 months of follow-up.
Conclusions:
Rarely, remission of PHPT may occur after ultrasound-guided-FNAB performed on a hyperfunctioning parathyroid lesion.