Peripheral neuropathy is the most common reaction to toxic chemical substances in the nervous system. Toxic neuropathies are often misdiagnosed because there are no easily available specific or biologic tests for the diagnosis. Guillain-Barre syndrome is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis in children and adolescents. Clinical signs of the disease are often at the beginning of the distal symmetric weakness and areflexia progresses rapidly. Although capsaicin is widely used in the treatment of so many diseases, especially of neuropathic pain, cancer and osteoarthritis, it is known to be toxic in many systems such as the eye, skin, respiratory, and circulatory systems. Although there is inadequate information about its long-term effects, it has also been reported that in large quantities there is increased risk of toxicity and prolonged exposure can lead to death. In our case, we present acute polyneuropathy mimicking Guillain-Barre syndrome after exposure to pepper spray because it is noteworthy and interesting.