Background:
Although diaphragm paresis or paralysis is fairly common following cardiac procedures; it is a less common complication following liver transplantation. Unilateral diaphragm paresis, usually right sided, has been described following liver transplantation in adults and has been rarely described in children.
Purpose:
Diaphragmatic injury following LT is often unrecognized and is typically unilateral, involving the right hemidiaphragm. Bilateral diaphragm dysfunction following liver transplantation in children is a rare complication.
Methods:
This is a case report of bilateral diaphragm paresis in a young child following a repeat liver transplantation.
Conclusion:
Bilateral diaphragm paresis following liver transplantation in children is rare and spontaneous resolution is possible. A conservative approach with noninvasive ventilation as a first line treatment to allow the diaphragm to regain function should be considered.