Adult multiple xanthogranuloma (XG) is a rare late-onset variant of juvenile XG. It is characterized by the appearance of papules or nodules located preferably on the trunk. A case of a 54-year-old man with myelodysplastic syndrome is presented as a history of interest, who consulted due to the appearance of multiple brownish papules distributed mainly in the trunk. So far, there are only 22 cases of this clinical form reported in the literature, 9 of them associated with malignant hematological processes. We highlight the importance of this entity as a possible cutaneous marker of blood dyscrasias.