Ranunculus arvensis (R. arvensis) is a member of the Ranunculaceae family and is often used by advanced age women living in rural areas for the topical treatment of arthralgia, myalgia, hemorrhoid, and warts. Protoanemonin is a substance found in the fresh leaves of the plants from the Ranunculaceae family and leads to contact dermatitis. In this report, we present three cases that developed phytocontact dermatitis caused by the topical use of R. arvensis as an alternative treatment method for arthralgia and palmoplantar psoriasis.