An aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is an extremely rare congenital anomaly that forms during aortic arch development. Most reports of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) described an ARSA in the right aortic arch, but it is rare in the left aortic arch. We present the case of a 66-year-old man who underwent total arch replacement because of acute type A aortic dissection. An outpatient follow-up examination revealed that the aortic diameter enlargement exceeded 60 mm because of false lumen entry from the ARSA. Therefore, surgical intervention was planned. TEVAR, ARSA embolization, and bilateral axillary bypass surgery were successfully performed for a chronic dissecting aortic aneurysm for which the ARSA was the inflow route. He was discharged 12 days after surgery. Four years later, no enlargement of the aneurysm diameter was observed. TEVAR is a minimally invasive and useful treatment option for chronic type B dissections with an ARSA associated with the left aortic arch; however, patients with an ARSA have fragile blood vessels and require careful follow-up.