Cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis in children is uncommon in areas with a low tuberculosis burden. We present two cases in an 11-year old immunocompetent girl and an 8-year old immunocompromised boy. Both children were immigrants. No other cavitary tuberculosis cases have been observed in a population of 103,781 children in Crete, Greece for the past 25 years.
Conclusion:
Severe forms of tuberculosis may re-emerge and BCG vaccination should remain part of the immunisation programme in immigrant populations.