Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological complication frequently found during brain exploration for severe preeclampsia when it is associated with neurological signs. Being a newly discovered entity, its mechanism of genesis is still based on a hypothesis not yet confirmed. The clinical case that we report highlights an atypical PRES syndrome occurring in postpartum without any signs of preeclampsia. The patient had suffered a state of convulsive dysfunction after delivery without hypertension and the diagnosis of PRES syndrome was confirmed based on the results of the brain computed tomography (CT) scan, she showed signs of clinical improvement on the fifth day of postpartum. Our case report calls into question the association between PRES syndrome and preeclampsia that we find in literature and puts a big question mark on the causal link between the two in pregnant women.