Measles is a rapidly growing disease in the world with 869,770 cases and 207,500 deaths recorded in 2019. Niger continues to record epidemic outbreaks despite the actions taken. This study aims to analyze the national database from 2010 to 2019 to characterize the epidemiology of measles in Niger. This is a descriptive retrospective study. Our sample is exhaustive of suspected and positive measles cases from the database of the department of surveillance and response to epidemics for 10 years. Data extraction and analysis was done using Epi Info 7.2.3.1 software. In our study we found n=11,784 suspected measles cases notified from 2010 to 2019 with 37.2% of positive cases (IgM+). All regions are concerned. The female/male sex ratio was 1.1. The 1-to-5-year age group was the most representative (44.44%); 28.3% received at least one dose of vaccine; 62.22% lived in urban areas. The number of deaths was 225 (1.9%). The proportion of samples received at the laboratory within 3 days is 70.38%. The baseline analysis allowed us to find that all regions recorded cases and deaths with a low vaccination rate of 28.3%. Improved response and immunization strategies are recommended.