Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is relatively common among the elderly, and is characterized by multiple body aches with an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Even though the etiology of PMR remains unknown, a number of infectious agents have been suggested to cause PMR. Also, there are reports of PMR after influenza vaccination. The exact role of influenza vaccination on the development of PMR remains unknown, but may be associated with specific human leukocyte antigens (HLAs), such as HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1. Whether postvaccination PMR is caused by influenza virus antigen or adjuvants in the vaccine is another unanswered question. We herein report a case of an 85-year-old woman who developed PMR shortly after contracting influenza virus B. Even though infections are hypothesized to be one of the causes of PMR, this is the first-ever case of PMR following influenza virus infection. Further studies may elucidate the exact role of influenza virus infection on the etiology and pathogenesis of PMR.