This case reports the usage of human amniotic membrane combined with a costochondral graft as an interpositional material in temporomandibular joint reconstruction for the first time in humans. Because of the favorable outcome 20 months postoperatively, it has to be considered as an approach bringing to light the antiadhesive potential of amniotic membrane. This case report must be regarded as initial spadework and should motivate other institutions to intensify their clinical research in this field. Because of the fact that currently used interpositional materials do not prevent the recurrence of temporomandibular joint ankylosis sufficiently, it is of great interest to establish a proper therapeutic intervention fulfilling these demands. Furthermore, the demonstrated antiadhesive properties of amniotic membrane highlight its multifaceted field of application. Nevertheless, further studies have to prove the findings reported in our case.