code: def test_to_numpy_returns_pdna_default(dtype):
      arr = pd.array(["a", pd.NA, "b"], dtype=dtype)
      result = np.array(arr)
      expected = np.array(["a", na_val(dtype), "b"], dtype=object)
      tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(result, expected)
  
imports: import operator
  import numpy
  import pytest
  from pandas.compat.pyarrow import pa_version_under12p0
  from pandas.core.dtypes.common import is_dtype_equal
  import pandas
  import pandas._testing
  from pandas.core.arrays.string_arrow import ArrowStringArray, ArrowStringArrayNumpySemantics
label_desc: Use image node_id 39 for calling a global function with example usage: test_to_numpy_returns_pdna_default(dtype) without return types