code: def affine_v2w():
      # utility function
      incs = CoordinateSystem("ijk", "voxels")
      outcs = CoordinateSystem("xyz", "world")
      aff = np.diag([1, 2, 4, 1])
      aff[:3, 3] = [11, 12, 13]
      """array([[ 1,  0,  0, 11],
         [ 0,  2,  0, 12],
         [ 0,  0,  4, 13],
         [ 0,  0,  0,  1]])
      """
      return incs, outcs, aff
  
imports: from copy import copy
  from types import SimpleNamespace
  import numpy
  from ..coordinate_map import AffineTransform, AxisError, CoordinateMap, CoordMapMaker, CoordMapMakerError, _as_coordinate_map, _fix0, append_io_dim, axmap, compose, drop_io_dim, equivalent, input_axis_index, io_axis_indices, orth_axes, product, shifted_domain_origin, shifted_range_origin
  from ..coordinate_system import CoordinateSystem, CoordinateSystemError, CoordSysMaker
  import pytest
  from numpy.testing import assert_almost_equal, assert_array_equal
label_desc: Use image node_id 17 for calling a global function with example usage: affine_v2w() and returns: incs,  outcs,  aff