code: def stack(arrays, axis=0):
      # this code is basically copied from numpy/core/shape_base.py's stack
      # we need it here because we want to re-implement stack in terms of the
      # primitives defined in this file
  
      arrays = [array(arr) for arr in arrays]
      if not arrays:
          raise ValueError("need at least one array to stack")
  
      shapes = set(arr.shape for arr in arrays)
      if len(shapes) != 1:
          raise ValueError("all input arrays must have the same shape")
  
      result_ndim = arrays[0].ndim + 1
      if not -result_ndim <= axis < result_ndim:
          raise IndexError(
              "axis {0} out of bounds [-{1}, {1})".format(
                  axis, result_ndim
              )
          )
      if axis < 0:
          axis += result_ndim
  
      sl = (slice(None),) * axis + (None,)
      return concatenate([arr[sl] for arr in arrays], axis=axis)
  
imports: from __future__ import absolute_import
  import types
  import warnings
  from autograd.extend import primitive, notrace_primitive
  import numpy
  import autograd.builtins
  from numpy.core.einsumfunc import _parse_einsum_input
label_desc: Use image node_id 11 for calling a global function with example usage: stack(arrays, axis) and returns: concatenate