class_docstr: Implements the Mask2Former head.
  
  See `Masked-attention Mask Transformer for Universal Image
  Segmentation <https://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.01527>`_ for details.
  
  Args:
      in_channels (list[int]): Number of channels in the input feature map.
      feat_channels (int): Number of channels for features.
      out_channels (int): Number of channels for output.
      num_things_classes (int): Number of things.
      num_stuff_classes (int): Number of stuff.
      num_queries (int): Number of query in Transformer decoder.
      pixel_decoder (:obj:`ConfigDict` or dict): Config for pixel
          decoder. Defaults to None.
      enforce_decoder_input_project (bool, optional): Whether to add
          a layer to change the embed_dim of tranformer encoder in
          pixel decoder to the embed_dim of transformer decoder.
          Defaults to False.
      transformer_decoder (:obj:`ConfigDict` or dict): Config for
          transformer decoder. Defaults to None.
      positional_encoding (:obj:`ConfigDict` or dict): Config for
          transformer decoder position encoding. Defaults to
          dict(num_feats=128, normalize=True).
      loss_cls (:obj:`ConfigDict` or dict): Config of the classification
          loss. Defaults to None.
      loss_mask (:obj:`ConfigDict` or dict): Config of the mask loss.
          Defaults to None.
      loss_dice (:obj:`ConfigDict` or dict): Config of the dice loss.
          Defaults to None.
      train_cfg (:obj:`ConfigDict` or dict, optional): Training config of
          Mask2Former head.
      test_cfg (:obj:`ConfigDict` or dict, optional): Testing config of
          Mask2Former head.
      init_cfg (:obj:`ConfigDict` or dict or list[:obj:`ConfigDict` or             dict], optional): Initialization config dict. Defaults to None.
docstr: Loss function for outputs from a single decoder layer.
  
  Args:
      cls_scores (Tensor): Mask score logits from a single decoder layer
          for all images. Shape (batch_size, num_queries,
          cls_out_channels). Note `cls_out_channels` should includes
          background.
      mask_preds (Tensor): Mask logits for a pixel decoder for all
          images. Shape (batch_size, num_queries, h, w).
      batch_gt_instances (list[obj:`InstanceData`]): each contains
          ``labels`` and ``masks``.
      batch_img_metas (list[dict]): List of image meta information.
  
  Returns:
      tuple[Tensor]: Loss components for outputs from a single                 decoder layer.
docstr_tok: ["Loss","function","for","outputs","from","a","single","decoder","layer",".","Args",":","cls_scores","(","Tensor",")",":","Mask","score","logits","from","a","single","decoder","layer","for","all","images",".","Shape","(","batch_size",",","num_queries",",","cls_out_channels",")",".","Note","`","cls_out_channels","`","should","includes","background",".","mask_preds","(","Tensor",")",":","Mask","logits","for","a","pixel","decoder","for","all","images",".","Shape","(","batch_size",",","num_queries",",","h",",","w",")",".","batch_gt_instances","(","list","[","obj",":","`","InstanceData","`","]",")",":","each","contains","``","labels","``","and","``","masks","``",".","batch_img_metas","(","list","[","dict","]",")",":","List","of","image","meta","information",".","Returns",":","tuple","[","Tensor","]",":","Loss","components","for","outputs","from","a","single","decoder","layer","."]
code: def _loss_by_feat_single(
      self,
      cls_scores: Tensor,
      mask_preds: Tensor,
      batch_gt_instances: List[InstanceData],
      batch_img_metas: List[dict],
  ) -> Tuple[Tensor]:
      """Loss function for outputs from a single decoder layer.
  
          Args:
              cls_scores (Tensor): Mask score logits from a single decoder layer
                  for all images. Shape (batch_size, num_queries,
                  cls_out_channels). Note `cls_out_channels` should includes
                  background.
              mask_preds (Tensor): Mask logits for a pixel decoder for all
                  images. Shape (batch_size, num_queries, h, w).
              batch_gt_instances (list[obj:`InstanceData`]): each contains
                  ``labels`` and ``masks``.
              batch_img_metas (list[dict]): List of image meta information.
  
          Returns:
              tuple[Tensor]: Loss components for outputs from a single \
                  decoder layer.
          """
      num_imgs = cls_scores.size(0)
      cls_scores_list = [cls_scores[i] for i in range(num_imgs)]
      mask_preds_list = [mask_preds[i] for i in range(num_imgs)]
      (
          labels_list,
          label_weights_list,
          mask_targets_list,
          mask_weights_list,
          avg_factor,
      ) = self.get_targets(
          cls_scores_list,
          mask_preds_list,
          batch_gt_instances,
          batch_img_metas,
      )
      # shape (batch_size, num_queries)
      labels = torch.stack(labels_list, dim=0)
      # shape (batch_size, num_queries)
      label_weights = torch.stack(label_weights_list, dim=0)
      # shape (num_total_gts, h, w)
      mask_targets = torch.cat(mask_targets_list, dim=0)
      # shape (batch_size, num_queries)
      mask_weights = torch.stack(mask_weights_list, dim=0)
  
      # classfication loss
      # shape (batch_size * num_queries, )
      cls_scores = cls_scores.flatten(0, 1)
      labels = labels.flatten(0, 1)
      label_weights = label_weights.flatten(0, 1)
  
      class_weight = cls_scores.new_tensor(self.class_weight)
      loss_cls = self.loss_cls(
          cls_scores,
          labels,
          label_weights,
          avg_factor=class_weight[labels].sum(),
      )
  
      num_total_masks = reduce_mean(cls_scores.new_tensor([avg_factor]))
      num_total_masks = max(num_total_masks, 1)
  
      # extract positive ones
      # shape (batch_size, num_queries, h, w) -> (num_total_gts, h, w)
      mask_preds = mask_preds[mask_weights > 0]
  
      if mask_targets.shape[0] == 0:
          # zero match
          loss_dice = mask_preds.sum()
          loss_mask = mask_preds.sum()
          return loss_cls, loss_mask, loss_dice
  
      with torch.no_grad():
          points_coords = get_uncertain_point_coords_with_randomness(
              mask_preds.unsqueeze(1),
              None,
              self.num_points,
              self.oversample_ratio,
              self.importance_sample_ratio,
          )
          # shape (num_total_gts, h, w) -> (num_total_gts, num_points)
          mask_point_targets = point_sample(
              mask_targets.unsqueeze(1).float(), points_coords
          ).squeeze(1)
      # shape (num_queries, h, w) -> (num_queries, num_points)
      mask_point_preds = point_sample(
          mask_preds.unsqueeze(1), points_coords
      ).squeeze(1)
  
      # dice loss
      loss_dice = self.loss_dice(
          mask_point_preds,
          mask_point_targets,
          avg_factor=num_total_masks,
      )
  
      # mask loss
      # shape (num_queries, num_points) -> (num_queries * num_points, )
      mask_point_preds = mask_point_preds.reshape(-1)
      # shape (num_total_gts, num_points) -> (num_total_gts * num_points, )
      mask_point_targets = mask_point_targets.reshape(-1)
      loss_mask = self.loss_mask(
          mask_point_preds,
          mask_point_targets,
          avg_factor=num_total_masks * self.num_points,
      )
  
      return loss_cls, loss_mask, loss_dice
  
imports: import copy
  from typing import List, Tuple
  import torch
  import torch.nn
  import torch.nn.functional
  from mmcv.cnn import Conv2d
  from mmcv.ops import point_sample
  from mmengine.model import ModuleList, caffe2_xavier_init
  from mmengine.structures import InstanceData
  from torch import Tensor
  from mmdet.registry import MODELS, TASK_UTILS
  from mmdet.structures import SampleList
  from mmdet.utils import ConfigType, OptConfigType, OptMultiConfig, reduce_mean
  from ..layers import Mask2FormerTransformerDecoder, SinePositionalEncoding
  from ..utils import get_uncertain_point_coords_with_randomness
  from .anchor_free_head import AnchorFreeHead
  from .maskformer_head import MaskFormerHead
label_desc: Use image node_id 4 for calling the Mask2FormerHead obj's underlying member method code with example usage: obj._loss_by_feat_single(cls_scores, mask_preds, batch_gt_instances, batch_img_metas) and returns: loss_cls,  loss_mask,  loss_dice, loss_cls,  loss_mask,  loss_dice