code: def test_invalid_terms(tmp_path, setup_path):
      with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
          df = DataFrame(
              np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((10, 4)),
              columns=Index(list("ABCD"), dtype=object),
              index=date_range("2000-01-01", periods=10, freq="B"),
          )
          df["string"] = "foo"
          df.loc[df.index[0:4], "string"] = "bar"
  
          store.put("df", df, format="table")
  
          # some invalid terms
          msg = re.escape(
              "__init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'where'"
          )
          with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
              Term()
  
          # more invalid
          msg = re.escape(
              "cannot process expression [df.index[3]], "
              "[2000-01-06 00:00:00] is not a valid condition"
          )
          with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
              store.select("df", "df.index[3]")
  
          msg = "invalid syntax"
          with pytest.raises(SyntaxError, match=msg):
              store.select("df", "index>")
  
      # from the docs
      path = tmp_path / setup_path
      dfq = DataFrame(
          np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((10, 4)),
          columns=list("ABCD"),
          index=date_range("20130101", periods=10),
      )
      dfq.to_hdf(path, key="dfq", format="table", data_columns=True)
  
      # check ok
      read_hdf(
          path,
          "dfq",
          where="index>Timestamp('20130104') & columns=['A', 'B']",
      )
      read_hdf(path, "dfq", where="A>0 or C>0")
  
      # catch the invalid reference
      path = tmp_path / setup_path
      dfq = DataFrame(
          np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((10, 4)),
          columns=list("ABCD"),
          index=date_range("20130101", periods=10),
      )
      dfq.to_hdf(path, key="dfq", format="table")
  
      msg = (
          r"The passed where expression: A>0 or C>0\n\s*"
          r"contains an invalid variable reference\n\s*"
          r"all of the variable references must be a reference to\n\s*"
          r"an axis \(e.g. 'index' or 'columns'\), or a data_column\n\s*"
          r"The currently defined references are: index,columns\n"
      )
      with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
          read_hdf(path, "dfq", where="A>0 or C>0")
  
file_path: pandas/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_errors.py
imports: import datetime
  from io import BytesIO
  import re
  import numpy
  import pytest
  from pandas import CategoricalIndex, DataFrame, HDFStore, Index, MultiIndex, _testing, date_range, read_hdf
  from pandas.tests.io.pytables.common import ensure_clean_store
  from pandas.io.pytables import Term, _maybe_adjust_name
label_desc: Use image node_id 4 for calling a global function with example usage: test_invalid_terms(tmp_path, setup_path) without return types