code: def _raise_error(
      exc: Optional[Exception], *stages: "Stage"
  ) -> NoReturn:
      names = _repr(stages)
      segment = " stages:" if len(stages) > 1 else ""
      raise ReproductionError(
          f"failed to reproduce{segment} {names}"
      ) from exc
  
file_path: dvc/dvc/repo/reproduce.py
imports: from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Callable, Dict, Iterable, List, NoReturn, Optional, Set, Tuple, TypeVar, Union, cast
  from funcy import ldistinct
  from dvc.exceptions import ReproductionError
  from dvc.log import logger
  from dvc.repo.scm_context import scm_context
  from dvc.stage.cache import RunCacheNotSupported
  from dvc.utils import humanize
  from dvc.utils.collections import ensure_list
  from .None import locked
label_desc: Use image node_id 9 for calling a global function with example usage: _raise_error(exc) without return types