code: def _to_str(s):
      return s.decode("latin1") if isinstance(s, bytes) else str(s)
  
file_path: nipy/nipy/modalities/fmri/fmristat/tests/test_FIAC.py
imports: import numpy
  from nipy.algorithms.statistics.formula import formulae
  from nipy.algorithms.statistics.models.regression import OLSModel
  from nipy.testing import assert_almost_equal
  from ...None import design, hrf, utils
  from ..None import hrf
  from .FIACdesigns import N_ROWS, altdescr, descriptions, fmristat, time_vector
label_desc: Use image node_id 1 for calling a global function with example usage: _to_str(s) and returns: unknown