code: def refute_estimate(
      data: pd.DataFrame,
      target_estimand: IdentifiedEstimand,
      estimate: CausalEstimate,
      treatment_name: Optional[str] = None,
      outcome_name: Optional[str] = None,
      refuters: List[
          Callable[..., Union[CausalRefutation, List[CausalRefutation]]]
      ] = ALL_REFUTERS,
      **kwargs,
  ) -> List[CausalRefutation]:
      """Executes a list of refuters using the default parameters
         Only refuters that return CausalRefutation or a list of CausalRefutation is supported
  
      :param data: pd.DataFrame: Data to run the refutation
      :param target_estimand: IdentifiedEstimand: Identified estimand to run the refutation
      :param estimate: CausalEstimate: Estimate to run the refutation
      :param treatment_name: str: Name of the treatment (Optional)
      :param outcome_name: str: Name of the outcome (Optional)
      :param refuters: list: List of refuters to execute
      :**kwargs: Replace any default for the provided list of refuters
  
      """
      refuter_kwargs = {
          "data": data,
          "target_estimand": target_estimand,
          "estimate": estimate,
          "treatment_name": treatment_name,
          "outcome_name": outcome_name,
          **kwargs,
      }
  
      results = []
      for refuter in refuters:
          refute = refuter(**refuter_kwargs)
          if isinstance(refute, list):
              results.extend(refute)
          else:
              results.append(refute)
  
      return results
  
file_path: dowhy/dowhy/causal_refuters/refute_estimate.py
imports: from typing import Callable, List, Optional, Union
  import pandas
  from dowhy.causal_estimator import CausalEstimate
  from dowhy.causal_identifier.identified_estimand import IdentifiedEstimand
  from dowhy.causal_refuter import CausalRefutation
  from dowhy.causal_refuters.add_unobserved_common_cause import sensitivity_simulation
  from dowhy.causal_refuters.bootstrap_refuter import refute_bootstrap
  from dowhy.causal_refuters.data_subset_refuter import refute_data_subset
  from dowhy.causal_refuters.dummy_outcome_refuter import refute_dummy_outcome
  from dowhy.causal_refuters.placebo_treatment_refuter import refute_placebo_treatment
  from dowhy.causal_refuters.random_common_cause import refute_random_common_cause
label_desc: Use image node_id 1 for calling a global function with example usage: refute_estimate(data, target_estimand, estimate, treatment_name, outcome_name, refuters) and returns: results