title: Flemish Illuminated Manuscripts: 1475-1550
author: Gosudarstvennyi Ermitazh (Russia)
description: Threatened by advances in book printing, Flemish miniaturists around 1500 responded by making their illustrations of handwritten codices ever more inventive, beautiful and artistically complex. Their illuminations of prayer books, calendars, moral and philosophical treatises, romances, musical scores, official registers and classical and historical texts yielded exquisite works of daring imagination, impeccable observation of people and nature, marvelous color and a remarkably realistic record of everyday life. This stunning showcase of the swan song of Flemish miniature art catalogues an exhibit at the Hermitage in St. Petersburg, Russia, which travels to Florence, Italy. Among the artists represented are Simon Bening, whose poetic landscapes evoking the changing seasons prefigure Pieter Brueghel, and Gerard Horenbout, a virtuoso of narrative charm. The authors, art historians in Belgium, explore the culture of words and images that imbued works prized by an international clientele including kings, clerics, merchants and wealthy citizens.
zlib_text: From Pax Mongolica to Pax Ottomanica
  
  East Central and Eastern Europe  
  in the Middle Ages, 450–1450
  General Editors
  Florin Curta and Dušan Zupka
  volume 58
  The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/ecee
  
  From Pax Mongolica to 
  Pax Ottomanica
  War, Religion and Trade in the  
  Northwestern Black Sea Region (14th–16th Centuries)
  Edited By
  Ovidiu Cristea
  Liviu Pilat
  LEIDEN | BOSTON
  
  Cover illustration: “Miracle of Saint Nicholas” (16th century)—Church of St Paraskeva, Bishopric of Roman, 
  Romania.
  The Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available online at http://catalog.loc.gov
  LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2019055559.
  Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill-typeface.
  ISSN 1872-8103
  ISBN 978-90-04-38032-5 (hardback)
  ISBN 978-90-04-42244-5 (e-book)
  Copyright 2020 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands.
  Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, 