title: Theoretical and numerical studies of plume flows in vacuum chambers: With gas kinetic and particle simulation methods
author: Chunpei Cai
description: Dr. Cai has two M.S. degrees (Fluid Dynamics, CAS, 1997; M.E., Cornell Univ., 1999); one Ph.D. degree (A.E., UMich, 2005). He worked as a software engineer (Altair Engineering Inc., 1999-2005) and a research scientist (ZONA Technology, Inc., 2005-2008). Currently he works as an Assistant Professor in the MAE Dept., New Mexico State University.
zlib_text: REGULAR ARTICLE
  Modeling of supersonic jet behavior in the vacuum refining
  process
  Zhonghua Sheng, Lianghua Feng*, Kun Liu, Bin Yang, and Lingzhong Kong
  School of Materials and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, PR China
  Received: 10 November 2020 / Accepted: 14 January 2021
  Abstract. There are two problems to be solved in the numerical simulation of the top blown oxygen vacuum
  refining process. (1) The two-equation turbulence models underpredict the turbulence mixing shear process for
  high-temperature gradient jet flows. (2) The high compressibility of the jet in a low vacuum environment. In this
  study, the SST k-v turbulence model is modified by the composite function of the compressibility factor and the
  total temperature gradient. Based on the experimental model of the Kotani vacuum jet, the modified turbulence
  model was used to simulate the supersonic jet behavior of oxygen lance at different ambient temperatures. The
  reliability of