title: Xunzi: The Complete Text
author:  Xunzi 
description: "This is a long-awaited translation, and I envisage that it will become a standard of scholarship and an invaluable source to which both specialists and non-specialists will be indebted."<b>---Winnie Sung, <i>Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews</i></b><br /><br />"Eric Hutton's new translation of this rich and multifaceted text is . . . a truly valuable gateway for introducing newcomers in the field of Chinese and comparative philosophy, as well as more advanced students and scholars, to the philosophy of Xunzi."<b>---Ori Tavor, <i>Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy</i></b><br /><br />"The decision by Eric Hutton to translate the verse sections as poetry means that this book can be appreciated not only as an important work of early Confucian thought, but also as a literary text."<b>---Olivia Milburn, <i>Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society</i></b><br /><br />"Hutton's work is an improvement over that of Knoblock, as well as that of Dubs and Watson. It is an enormous task to translate from beginning to end a text as difficult as the <i>Xunzi</i>. We should be grateful to Hutton for undertaking it and for devoting so much hard work to completing it."<b>---Jeffrey Riegel, <i>Journal of Chinese Studies</i></b><br /><br />"The <i>Xunzi</i> is a masterwork of Confucian philosophy, and there is no one in the Anglophone world with Eric Hutton's combination of insight into its ideas and scrupulous attention to its text. He has produced an accessible and authoritative translation that will be our standard for years to come."<b>Stephen C. Angle, Wesleyan University</b><br /><br />"An outstanding translation of the complete text of the <i>Xunzi</i>. Eric Hutton has succeeded in providing a translation that is both philosophically precise and highly readable. This will help introduce one of the most important philosophical texts from early China to a larger audience."<b>Michael Puett, Harvard University</b><br /><br />"The time has come for a new, full translation of the <i>Xunzi</i>, and Eric Hutton's fine work is a dramatic improvement from previous versionsin terms of accuracy, philosophical precision, economy, and readability. Hutton's translation will become the new standard."<b>Aaron Stalnaker, Indiana University</b><br /><br />"Eric Hutton has produced an elegant, accessible, and accurate translation of this important Confucian work. Hutton's translation is more precise philosophically and more readable than previous versions. In addition to being an important work of scholarship, this edition will be invaluable for nonspecialists with an interest in Chinese thought."<b>Bryan W. Van Norden, Vassar College</b><br /><br />"Hutton's is the rare translation that balances technical accuracy with ordinary English, and readers from both philosophy and Chinese studies will appreciate it."<b>Mark Csikszentmihalyi, University of California, Berkeley</b>
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  # The Billionaire Benefactor
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  ## Emma St. Clair
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  ### Contents
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 1](part0003.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 2](part0004.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 3](part0005.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 4](part0006.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 5](part0007.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 6](part0008.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 7](part0009.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 8](part0010.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 9](part0011.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 10](part0012.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 11](part0013.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 12](part0014.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 13](part0015.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 14](part0016.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 15](part0017.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 16](part0018.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 17](part0019.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 18](part0020.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  19\. [Chapter 19](part0021.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 20](part0022.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Chapter 21](part0023.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Epilogue](part0024.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Untitled](part0025.xhtml)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  [Also by Emma St. Clair](