title: Microstrip Patch Antennas
author:  Kai Fong Lee 
description: With problems at the end of each chapter and many references, this book on MPA is an outstanding textbook for a graduate course or as a self-study guide for the practicing engineer. It will not only give the reader a firm understanding of the fundamentals of MPAs but will also provide the necessary tools for designing and optimizing MPAs. Anyone who designs MPAs or wants to learn about them needs to get a copy of this book. -- IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine "IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine"
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  Micro-strip Patch Antenna Primer 
  J P Silver  
   
  E-mail: john@rfic.co.uk 
   
  1 ABSTRACT 
  This paper discusses the theory and design of micro-
  strip patch antennas. The pertinent design parameters 
  are given together with their relevant equations to al-
  low basic ‘hand’ calculations before simulation is at-
  tempted. Finally a worked example is given to high-
  light the design steps required and CAD simulations 
  are also described. 
  2 INTRODUCTION 
  Proposed by Deschamps in 1953, and the first patch an-
  tenna was fabricated in the early 1970’s. 
   
  A microstrip patch consists of a radiating patch of any 
  planar geometry (eg Circle, square, Ellipse, ring and rec-
  tangle) on one side of a dielectric material substrate 
  backed by a ground plane on the other side. 
   
  A typical patch antenna is shown in Figure 1. 
   
   
  Radiating Patch 
  Conducting Ground Plane 
  Dielectric Substrate 
   
  Figure 1 Basic features of a patch antenna 
  Generally, a substrate with a low dielectric con