title: The Urban Development of Rome in the Age of Alexander VII
author:  Dorothy Metzger Habel 
description: "In her ambitious and thorough study of urban planning in Rome under Pope Alexander VII Chigi (1655-67), Dorothy Metzger Habel traces the evolution of six papal building projects from conception to fruition (or abandonment), revealing a unity between them that is not apparent in general-audience books on the subject." Renaissance Quarterly<br /><br />"Metzger Habel offers a fascinating look at the building project and planning of Rome as conceived and guided by Pope Alexander VII, 1655-67..... She thoroughly analyzes the physical characteristics of the sites, the relationship between buildings, and, in some cases, the use of architectural formulae from late Roman architecture. The 223 illustrations are as important as her exemplary text.... Highly recommended." Choice<br /><br />"Archival resources are so numerous that Habel has been able to create a detailed chronology...Habel has also spent a great deal of time carefully surveying a number of different sites..." Sixteenth Century Journal<br /><br />"A wealth of primary material is referred to...Habel is clearly master of the various primary sources." Urban Morphology<br /><br />"This carefully crafted and meticulously-written book assembles a wealth of visual and documentary evidence in support of its thesis" - Philip Gavitt, Sant Louis University
zlib_text: MAKING CONNECTIONS 
  What did we learn about city 
  planning from the Romans?
  The Romans built cities from England to Africa and connected them 
  with roads. Using concrete, the dome, and the arch, they constructed 
  amphitheaters, temples, law courts, and aqueducts. This aqueduct 
  brought water 31 miles (50 km) to the city of Nîmes. The upper level 
  was the waterway, the lower a road. In this chapter you will learn how 
  the Romans influenced the development of cities.  
  •  Why was it important to build aqueducts? 
  •  How does your city supply water to its residents?
  600 B.C.
  THE WORLD
  264–146 B.C.
  Wars with Carthage
  A.D. 1
  300 B.C.
  27 B.C.
  Augustus becomes 
  Roman emperor
  Section 1 The Rise of Rome
  Section 2 From Republic to Empire
  Section 3 Roman Culture and Society
  Section 4 The Development of Christianity
  Section 5 Decline and Fall
  Rome and the Rise
  of Christianity  600 B.C.–A.D. 500
  650 B.C.
  Etruscans rule 
  Italian Peninsula
  509 B.C.
  Start of 
  Roman Republic
  144
  The Bridgeman Art Libra