title: Advanced Health & Fitness Specialist Manual: The Ultimate Resource for Advanced Fitness Professionals
author:  American Council on Exercise 
description: Founded in 1985 and currently 40,000 certified fitness professionals strong, The American Council on Exercise is a nonprofit organization committed to enriching quality of life through safe and effective exercise and physical activity. As America s Authority on Fitness, ACE protects all segments of society against ineffective fitness products, programs and trends through its ongoing public education, outreach and research. ACE further protects the public by setting certification and continuing education standards for fitness professionals.
zlib_text: Reference Manual for the Application of
  Fundamental Exercise Science Concepts 
  and Fitness Training Methods
  for the
  Certified Personal Trainer, CPT
  Seventh Edition © 2018
  All rights reserved, 
  National Federation of Professional Trainers 
  Authors:
  Ron J. Clark, NFPT President & Founder
  Mark P. Kelly, PhD
  Charles DeFrancesco, CPT
  Felix Doval, CPT, CSCS, BA
  Co-Authors:
  Dr. Robert Inesta 
  Scott Skinner, RD
  Stewart Bauserman, MS
  A special thank you to Contributors:
  Chris Petraglia, CPT
  Richard Weinstein MD
  Steve Sarno BS, LMT
  Denise Groothuis, RD
  Raymond A. Winkleman, CPT
  James H. Holt MA, CPT
  Angie Christine Schweigert, Rick Veteto, 
  Dan DeFigio, Rona Thau, Gene Kelly
  and Illustrator: Jason Vega
  
  2
  CHAPTER 1 
   
  Understanding Health and Wellness . . . . . . . . . . . .8
   
   Components of Wellness                               
  CHAPTER 2 
   
  Basic Human Anatomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
   
   Overview of Body’s Major Systems
  CHAPTER 3
   
  Anatomical Terms and Biomechanics . 