title: Out of Water: From Abundance to Scarcity and How to Solve the World's Water Problems
author: Colin Chartres
description: Chartres, former Chief Science Advisor to the Australian National Water Commission and the current Director General of the International Water Management Institute, argues, along with his Executive Officer Varma, that population growth, economic development (especially with increased use of biofuels), increasing urbanization, and climate control will lead to a severe global water crisis and food shortage "unless we manage our water resources better than we have in the past." After a detailed review of the global situation, the authors offer an in-depth look at water management in Australia, Jordan, South Asia, and the American Southwest, revealing that in most countries today, ensuring a safe drinking water supply and managing sanitation issues are treated separately from agricultural water use and pollution problems. They propose a solution of integrated water planning and holistic "water governance and management&hellip; across all sectors of the economy and environment" that would entail recycling and reusing waste water, for drinking as well as agricultural use, and close monitoring of ground water consumption. A detailed, comprehensive tract, targeted at policy-makers and planners rather than a general readership. (Aug.) <BR>(c) Copyright PWxyz, LLC. All rights reserved.
zlib_text: Fluid Mechanics, 6th Ed.                                                                                                      Kundu, Cohen, and Dowling 
  Exercise 1.1. Many centuries ago, a mariner poured 100 cm3 of water into the ocean. As time 
  passed, the action of currents, tides, and weather mixed the liquid uniformly throughout the 
  earth’s oceans, lakes, and rivers. Ignoring salinity, estimate the probability that the next sip (5 
  ml) of water you drink will contain at least one water molecule that was dumped by the mariner. 
  Assess your chances of ever drinking truly pristine water. (Consider the following facts: Mw for 
  water is 18.0 kg per kg-mole, the radius of the earth is 6370 km, the mean depth of the oceans is 
  approximately 3.8 km and they cover 71% of the surface of the earth.) 
   
  Solution 1.1. To get started, first list or determine the volumes involved: 
  υd = volume of water dumped = 100 cm3, υc = volume of a sip = 5 cm3, and 
  V = volume of water in the oceans = 
  € 
  4