title: The Jews of Medieval Western Christendom, 1000-1500 (Cambridge Medieval Textbooks)
author:  Robert Chazan 
description: "...this book is highly readable and well conceived." -Dean Phillip Bell, H-HRE<br /><br />" Robert Chazen has presented a clear, concise, yet complex synthetic history of medieval European Jewish communities from 1000-1500. There is much here of use for a variety of readers..." <br />- Dana Wessell Lightfoot, Canadian Journal of History<br /><br />"...well rounded and highly informed presentation..." -Michael Toch, The Medieval Review<br /><br />"As a survey of Jewish-Christian relations, this is certainly a good starting point for students." -R. N. Swanson, Sixteenth Century Journal
zlib_text: © Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2007 
  DOI:  10.1163/157006707X222759
  Medieval Encounters 13 (2007) 499-523
  www.brill.nl/me
  Medieval
  Jewish, Christian and Muslim Culture
  Encounters
  in Confluence and Dialogue
  A Romance of the Jewish East: 
  Th e Ten Lost Tribes and Th e Testaments 
  of the Twelve Patriarchs in Medieval Europe
  Ruth Nisse
  University of Nebraska–Lincoln
  Abstract 
   Th is article draws together two events that appear in close proximity in the English histo-
  rian Matthew Paris’s Chronica Majora: Robert Grosseteste’s translation of a second-century 
  Greek apocryphal work, Th e Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs, and the Mongol invasion 
  of Eastern Europe. Both the Mongols, identiﬁed by Matthew Paris with the ten lost 
  tribes of Jews, and the recovered work of scripture on the eschatological role of the twelve 
  tribes, relate to the larger thirteenth-century viliﬁcation of the Jewish role in Christian 
  hermeneutics. Th e article focuses in particular on the widely-circulated Test