title: The Solid State: An Introduction to the Physics of Crystals for Students of Physics, Materials Science, and Engineering (Oxford Physics Series)
author:  H. M. Rosenberg 
description: 'looks clear, direct, and is simply, but effectively, presented.' New Scientist
zlib_text:  
   
  Crystals 2020, 10, 340; doi:10.3390/cryst10050340 
  www.mdpi.com/journal/crystals 
  Article 
  Abrupt Change Effect of Bandgap Energy on 
  Quantum System of Silicon Nanowire 
  Zhong-Mei Huang 1, Shi-Rong Liu 2, Hong-Yan Peng 3, Xin Li 1 and Wei-Qi Huang 1,3,* 
  1 College of materials and metallurgy, Institute of Nanophotonic Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang 
  550025, China 
  2 State Key Laboratory of Environment Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of 
  Sciences, Guiyang 550003, China 
  3 Department of Physics, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China 
  * Correspondence: wqhuang@gzu.edu.cn 
  Received: 7 April 2020; Accepted: 24 April 2020; Published: 26 April 2020 
  Abstract: In the quantum system of Si nanowire (NW), the energy bandgap obviously increases 
  with decreasing radius size of NW, in which the quantum confinement (QC) effect plays a main 
  role. Furthermore, the simulation result demonstrated that the direct bandgap can be obtained as 
  the NW diameter is s