title: Apes, Language, and the Human Mind
author: Sue Savage-Rumbaugh
description: Kanzi, a male bonobo (an ape sometimes called a pygmy chimpanzee), has been under the care of language researcher Savage-Rumbaugh since infancy. Over a period of 18 years, he has learned to communicate his wants and to respond to spoken English by means of pictorial symbols called lexigrams. His communicative capability is about equal to that of a two-and-a-half-year-old human child. The first third of the book presents Savage-Rumbaugh's clear and entertaining account of Kanzi's upbringing. The remainder, largely written by the other two authors, is an argument in academic prose addressed primarily to critics who "insist that no ape has ever developed truly linguistic skills." The authors declare their "shared belief that the Kanzi research presents a serious and effective challenge not only to scientific thinking about the cognitive and communicational capacities of nonhuman primates, but also to received knowledge concerning the possession of those capacities by humans."
zlib_text: Current Perspectives in Psychology
  
  [To view this image, refer to  
  the print version of this title.] 
   
   
   
  
  Intelligence
  of Apes
  and Other
  Rational
  Beings
  Duane M.Rumbaugh and David A.Washburn
  YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS
  NEW HAVEN AND LONDON
  
  Frontispiece: A young adult gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) at the San Diego Zoo, 
  ca. . Photo by Duane M. Rumbaugh.
  Copyright ©  by Duane M. Rumbaugh.
  All rights reserved.
  This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including  illustrations, in any
  form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections  and  of the U.S. Copyright
  Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from 
  the publishers.
  Set in Adobe Garamond type by The Composing Room of Michigan, Inc.
  Printed in the United States of America by Vail-Ballou Press.
  Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
  Rumbaugh, Duane M., –
  Intelligence of apes and other rational beings / Duane M. Rumbaugh and 
  David A. Washburn.
  p.
  cm. — (Cu