title: Molecular Toxicology
author:  P. David Josephy 
description: <br /><strong>P. David Josephy</strong> is Professor of Molecular and Cellular Biology at the University of Guelph. <strong>Bengt Mannervik</strong> is the Karin and Herbert Jacobsson Professor of Biochemistry at Uppsala University, Sweden.<br />
zlib_text: TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE 
  CAS No. 116-14-3 
  First Listed in the Ninth Report on Carcinogens 
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  CARCINOGENICITY
  Tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on 
  sufficient evidence of malignant tumor formation at multiple sites in multiple species of 
  experimental animals (NTP 1997). When administered by inhalation to F344 rats, TFE induced 
  renal tubule neoplasms, hepatocellular neoplasms, liver hemangiosarcoma, and mononuclear cell
  leukemia. When administered by inhalation to B6C3F1 mice, TFE induced liver hemangiomas
  and hemangiosarcomas, hepatocellular neoplasms, and histiocytic sarcomas.
  No adequate human studies of the relationship between exposure to TFE and human
  cancer have been reported (IARC 1999). 
  ADDITIONAL INFORMATION RELEVANT TO CARCINOGENESIS OR POSSIBLE
  MECHANISMS OF CARCINOGENESIS
  In prokaryotic systems, TFE was negative for the induction of gene mutations in 
  Salmonella typhimurium with and without S9 activation. In mammalia