title: Statistical Graphics for Visualizing Multivariate Data (Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences)
author:  William G. Jacoby 
description: William G. Jacoby is a Professor in the Department of Political Science at Michigan State University. He is also a Research Scientist at the University of Michigan, where he serves as Director of the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) Summer Training Program in Quantitative Methods of Social Research.<br />Professor Jacoby joined the MSU faculty in 2003. Previously, he held positions at the University of South Carolina, Ohio State University, and the University of Missouri. He received his Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill in 1983.<br />Professor Jacobys main professional interests are mass political behavior (public opinion, political attitudes, voting behavior) and quantitative methodology (measurement theory, scaling methods, statistical graphics, modern regression). His current research focuses on citizen ideology and belief system organization, value choices and their implications for subsequent political orientations, measuring policy priorities in the American states, the implications of measurement assumptions for statistical models, and graphical strategies for data analysis.<br />Recently, Professor Jacoby has taught courses on public opinion, regression analysis, scaling methods, and statistical graphics.
zlib_text: Applied Multivariate
  Statistical Analysis∗
  Wolfgang H¨ardle
  L´eopold Simar
  ∗Version: 29th April 2003
  
  Contents
  I
  Descriptive Techniques
  11
  1
  Comparison of Batches
  13
  1.1
  Boxplots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  14
  1.2
  Histograms
  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  22
  1.3
  Kernel Densities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  25
  1.4
  Scatterplots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  30
  1.5
  Chernoﬀ-Flury Faces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  34
  1.6
  Andrews’ Curves
  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  39
  1.7
  Parallel Coordinates Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  42
  1.8
  Boston Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  44
  1.9
  Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  52
  II
  Multivariate R