title: Statistics for Experimenters: An Introduction to Design, Data Analysis, and Model Building
author:  George E.P. Box 
description: "In fact, [Statistics for Experimenters] might be [one of ] the most readable...books on statistical methods...would be a wonderful background for someone who wants to move into quality control. For such practical purposes, it exceeds any five books on mathematical statistics. The first three chapters are a superb introduction to statistical thinking, something that does not occur anywhere in most texts." -- <i>The UMAP Journal</i><br /><br />"It is hoped...that experimenters in all fields will be encouraged to read this text. " -- <i>Biometrics</i><br /><br />"The authors are to be congratulated for having written an excellent book. Students fortunate enough to have this as a text will have the opportunity to learn much, and not the least from the review questions and numerous well-contracted problems. Engineers wishing to advance their elementary understanding of statistical design and analysis will be delighted with this work. The writing is literate, and the technical aspects impeccable." -- <i>Journal of Quality Technology</i>
zlib_text: © Springer International Publishing AG 2017
  
  Angela Dean, Daniel Voss and Danel DraguljićDesign and Analysis of
  ExperimentsSpringer Texts in Statistics10.1007/978-3-319-52250-0_1
  
  # 1\. Principles and Techniques
  
  Angela Dean1  , Daniel Voss2 and Danel Draguljić3
  
  (1)
  
  The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
  
  (2)
  
  Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
  
  (3)
  
  Franklin & Marshall College , Lancaster, PA, USA
  
  Angela Dean
  
  Email: [amd@stat.osu.edu](mailto:amd@stat.osu.edu)
  
  Keywords
  
  ReplicationRandomizationBlockingExploratory analysisConfirmatory analysis
  
  ## 1.1 Design: Basic Principles and Techniques
  
  ### 1.1.1 The Art of Experimentation
  
  One of the first questions facing an experimenter is, “How many observations
  do I need to take?” or alternatively, “Given my limited budget, how can I gain
  as much information as possible?” These are not questions that can be answered
  in a couple of sentences. They are, however, questions that are central to the
  material in this book. As a first