TEXT: Written by HANS-CHRISTIAN VORTISCH
  Edited by NIKOLA VRTIS
  Additional Material by 
  S.A. FISHER and MIKE HURST
  ADVENTURE GUNS
  TM
  Playtesters: Roger Bell_West and Peter Dell’Orto
  Special Thanks: The Hellions
  GURPS, Pyramid, Warehouse 23, the all-seeing pyramid, High-Tech, Adventure Guns, and the names of all products published 
  by Steve Jackson Games Incorporated are trademarks or registered trademarks of Steve Jackson Games Incorporated, or used under license.
  GURPS High-Tech: Adventure Guns is copyright © 2014 by Steve Jackson Games Incorporated. All rights reserved.
  Art acknowledgments can be found on p. 3.
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  STEVE JACKSON GAMES
  Stock #37-1633
  Version 1.0 – November 2014
  ®
  GURPS System Design T STEVE JACKSON
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   INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
  Publication History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
  Art Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
  About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
  1. USER’S MANUAL. . . . . . . . . 4
  Costs and Customization. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
  Optional Rule: Cost Factor. . . . . . . . . . . . 4
  Firearms and the Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
  Western Gun Slang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
  2. SIX-SHOOTERS AND
  LEVER-ACTIONS. . . . . . . . . 6
  Non-Repeating Pistols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
  Revolvers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
  Chain Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
  Smokeless Ammunition . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
  Semiautomatic Pistols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
  Shotguns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
  The Coach Gun. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
  Shotgun Chokes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
  A Load of Dimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
  Muskets and Rifles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
  Musket and Rifle Projectiles . . . . . . . . . . 25
  Ammo Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
  Mechanical Machine Guns . . . . . . . . . . 36
  Machine Guns and Autocannon. . . . . . 40
  Cannon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
  Space Guns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
  3. SHOOTING SUPPLIES. . . . . 44
  Ammunition Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
  Firearm Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
  Trap Guns and Grave Torpedoes . . . . . . 45
  Hand Grenades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
  INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
  CONTENTS
  2
  CONTENTS
  The [.45-75 half-magazine] Winchester, which is stocked
  and sighted to suit myself, is by all odds the best weapon 
  I ever had, and I now use it almost exclusively, having killed
  every kind of game with it, from Grizzly bear to bighorn . . .
  The bullet, weighing three-quarters of an ounce, is plenty
  large enough for anything on this continent . . .
  – Theodore Roosevelt, Hunting Tips of a Ranchman
  About GURPS
  Steve Jackson Games is committed to full support of GURPS play-
  ers. Our address is SJ Games, P.O. Box 18957, Austin, TX 78760.
  Please include a self-addressed, stamped envelope (SASE) any time
  you write us! We can also be reached by e-mail: info@sjgames.com.
  Resources include:
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  Internet. Visit us on the World Wide Web at sjgames.com for errata,
  updates, Q&A, and much more. To discuss GURPS with our staff and
  your fellow gamers, visit our forums at forums.sjgames.com. The 
  web page for GURPS High-Tech: Adventure Guns can be found at
  gurps.sjgames.com/adventureguns.
  Bibliographies. Many of our books have extensive bibliographies, and
  we’re putting them online – with links to let you buy the resources that
  interest you! Go to each book’s web page and look for the “Bibliogra-
  phy” link.
  Errata. Everyone makes mistakes, including us – but we do our best to
  fix our errors. Up-to-date errata pages for all GURPS releases, including
  this book, are available on our website – see above.
  Rules and statistics in this book are specifically for the GURPS Basic
  Set, Fourth Edition. Page references that begin with B refer to that book,
  not this one.
  
  GURPS High-Tech: Adventure Guns describes the
  firearms and other “high-tech” weapons used from the sec-
  ond half of the 19th century until the Great War, the period
  of the great adventurers and explorers in the Wild West, In
  Darkest Africa, in Transylvania, along the Indian North-
  West Frontier, and Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the
  Sea. It also details guns that were used at home – by gen-
  tlemen, criminals, policemen, homeowners, or hunters all
  over the world. The arms featured in this supplement
  could outfit American gunslingers, Indians, and home-
  steaders in the Wild West (and the Weird West!); British
  Victorian detectives, hunters, explorers, and soldiers;
  Prussian officers and German archaeologists; and ordinary
  people of that time and age. This volume is ideally suited
  as a companion to GURPS Big Lizzie, GURPS
  Cliffhangers, GURPS Horror, GURPS Infinite Worlds:
  Britannica-6, GURPS Lands Out of Time, GURPS
  Mysteries, GURPS Old West, GURPS Steampunk, and
  various timelines in GURPS Infinite Worlds. Those who
  wish to play out their GURPS Monster Hunters cam-
  paigns in the late 1800s will also find it informative. It is
  designed to work with the optional firearms rules in
  GURPS Gun Fu and GURPS Tactical Shooting.
  PUBLICATION HISTORY
  Several entries are based on descriptions from GURPS
  High-Tech (2007), written by Shawn Fisher and Hans-
  Christian Vortisch, and older editions written by Michael
  Hurst, but have been considerably expanded. Others first
  appeared in GURPS High-Tech: Pulp Guns, Volume 1
  (2008) and GURPS High-Tech: Pulp Guns, Volume 2
  (2008), written by Hans-Christian Vortisch, but now contain
  period information. Some were developed from material in
  the Pyramid article “In Her Majesty’s Service” (2003), also by
  Hans-Christian Vortisch.
  Where a gun’s statistics differ from those in an earlier book,
  like High-Tech, use the Adventure Guns version. These minor
  changes reflect newer, more accurate information and details.
  ABOUT THE AUTHOR
  Hans-Christian “Grey Tiger” Vortisch, M.A., began writ-
  ing for GURPS as a freelancer in 2001. He was author or co-
  author of GURPS Covert Ops, GURPS High-Tech, Fourth
  Edition, GURPS Modern Firepower, GURPS Special Ops,
  Third Edition, GURPS Tactical Shooting, GURPS WWII:
  Motor Pool, and many e23 publications on martial topics.
  He has written additional material for numerous other
  GURPS books; authored, translated, edited, or contributed
  to several German and British Call of Cthulhu products,
  including Sixtystone Press’ Investigator Weapons; and pub-
  lished many articles in American, British, and German gam-
  ing magazines. Hans has been an avid gamer since 1983. His
  nongaming interests include shooting, science fiction, his-
  tory, cinema, and punk rock. He lives in Prussian Berlin.
   INTRODUCTION
  INTRODUCTION
  3
  Art Acknowledgments
  P. 1: Art by Frederic Remington. From the Library of
  Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, Washington, D.C.
  20540 USA, LC- USZ62- 98519.
  P. 3: Photo by George Grantham Bain. From the Library
  of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, Washington,
  D.C. 20540 USA, LC- USZ62- 41723.
  P. 15: From the Library of Congress, Prints & Photo-
  graphs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA, Visual mate-
  rial from the records of Pinkerton’s National Detective
  Agency, LC- DIG- ppmsca- 10791.
  P. 26: Art by Alfred R. Waud. From the Library of Con-
  gress, Prints & Photographs Division, Washington, D.C.
  20540 USA, LC- USZ62- 132748
  P. 33: Photo by Underwood & Underwood. From the
  Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, Wash-
  ington, D.C. 20540 USA, LC- USZ62- 42613.
  P. 40: From the Library of Congress, Prints & Photo-
  graphs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA, George
  Grantham Bain Collection, LC- USZ61- 1798.
  P. 42: Photo by Keystone View Company. From the
  Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, Wash-
  ington, D.C. 20540 USA, LC-USZ62-126019.
  P. 46: Stereograph by Strohmeyer & Wyman. From the
  Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, Wash-
  ington, D.C. 20540 USA LC- USZ62- 88374.
  
  Weapon descriptions in Chapter 2 follow the pattern laid out
  on p. 79 of GURPS High-Tech. They appear in order of histori-
  cal appearance and availability both in the text and the tables.
  For all weapons, some general considerations concerning cost
  and legality should be kept in mind.
  COSTS AND CUSTOMIZATION
  All costs are given in generic GURPS $ (see Tech Level and
  Starting Wealth, p. B27). To convert these to historical U.S. dol-
  lars, use a rough divisor of 22 for 1850-1915. Use a rough divi-
  sor of 110 to convert them to British pounds – with one pound
  sterling equaling five dollars (actually 4.86) for most of the
  period (GURPS Steampunk, p. 49).
  Example: The Winchester Model 1873 rifle (p. 30) is listed
  with a cost of $400 in the Muskets and Rifles Table (p. 35). In
  the 1870s up to the Great War, the “historical” price would be
  400/22 = 18 U.S. dollars; Winchester’s actual list price for the
  Winchester ’73 was 24 U.S. dollars in 1873-1879, and 18 U.S.
  dollars in 1880-1915 – while mail-order stores like Sears,
  Roebuck sold it for 11 U.S. dollars by 1897! This converts to
  400/110 = 3.64 pounds or £3 12/9. Shipping and tariffs
  resulted in the gun actually costing £4 10/0 in Britain.
  Many weapons list cost modifiers for decorated specimens
  – see Styling (High-Tech, p. 10). These always refer to standard
  factory options. Theoretically, any gun could be individually
  styled even more extravagantly; for decorations like this, the
  sky’s the limit. Multiply cost by 20 for a +4 reaction bonus, by
  50 for a +5, and so on. 
  Example: The Winchester ’73 rifle could be ordered from the
  factory with a variety of engraving styles; this adds anywhere
  from $80 to $1,200. Nickel-plating adds $80, gold trimmings are
  $160, and fancy wood with extensive checkering costs $240. 
  A blued carbine with medium engraving, gold trimmings, and
  checkered imported walnut stock might cost $400 + $500 + $160
  + $240 = $1,300. This is more than twice the normal cost, for +1
  to reaction rolls. Spending five times the normal cost ($2,000) or
  more would give +2 to reactions.
  Guns described to be of fine quality (either accurate or reli-
  able) cannot be made fine again. If such a weapon is to be
  improved, it needs to be made very fine (High-Tech, p. 79).
  Multiply cost by 2.75 to make it very fine (accurate) or by 1.8
  to make it very fine (reliable).
  In the 1870s, the transition period between TL5 and TL6,
  muzzleloading firearms sold for half their original cost. Costs
  for these obsolete items further deteriorated as the 19th cen-
  tury drew to a close and TL6 progressed, eventually settling at
  as little as 10% of cost.
  FIREARMS AND THE LAW
  The Chief of Police [“Wild Bill” Hickok] has posted up printed
  notices, informing all persons that the ordinance against carry-
  ing fire arms or other weapons in Abilene will be enforced.
  – Abilene Chronicle article from 1871
  Whether someone can legally own and carry a firearm
  depends on both the weapon in question and the time and
  place – see Laws and Customs (pp. B506-507). Until the
  Great War, the majority of the world’s nations, including
  the United States and the United Kingdom, had CR3 for
  most matters, while a few, like Japan, had CR4. Regard-
  ing firearms, however, things were less clear-cut.
  For example, the United States generally had CR2 for
  firearms. However, some U.S. states and municipalities
  had more severe firearms laws in effect. The years after
  the American Civil War saw many uprooted, armed veter-
  ans roaming the country, and many settlements enacted
  local laws against the carrying of arms, especially guns.
  CHAPTER ONE
  USER’S MANUAL
  USER’S MANUAL
  4
  Optional Rule: Cost Factor
  Firearms modifications often have cost multipliers. Real-
  istically, when several of these apply, they should not be
  applied cumulatively; e.g., the cost multiplier for fine (accu-
  rate) should not compound the cost of cosmetic features, or
  vice versa. To handle multiple modifications more realisti-
  cally, for each modification, convert the multiplier to a “cost
  factor” (CF) by subtracting 1. Next, total all CFs that apply.
  Finally, multiply the modified weapon’s list cost by (1 + total
  CF). If total CF is below -0.8, treat it as -0.8; thus, final cost
  cannot be below 20% of list cost.
  If my advice is asked about 
  the purchase of this grade of pistol, 
  I should say “don’t.” . . . For accuracy 
  and penetration of ball cartridges they are
  good for nothing. Better to invest a dollar
  more, and get a Colt or a Guardian.
  – Homer Fisher, 
  Rifles, Shotguns, 
  Revolvers & Ammunition
  
  USER’S MANUAL
  5
  The state of Texas banned the concealed carrying of
  handguns and knives as early as 1871, although the law
  made provisions for open carrying, especially while trav-
  eling. Many of the wild “cow towns” – such as Abilene,
  Dodge City, and Ellsworth – passed city ordinances that
  required visitors to hand in their weapons against a token
  or check. This is effective CR5 for weaponry. In practice,
  these laws were often unenforceable. Individual towns
  could only force people to follow the ordinances when the
  municipalities had marshals tough enough to deal with
  all comers.
  In the United Kingdom, practically no restrictions
  existed on gun possession and carrying before 1870, for
  effective CR2. After the Gun Licenses Act of 1870 passed,
  the United Kingdom had CR4 for firearms and air guns,
  although shotguns were considered exempt. A gun license
  was required, which could be obtained at any post office
  ($110, valid one year). People with a hunting license were
  exempt, as were serving military and police personnel.
  Farmers were allowed to use guns in their own fields
  without permit, but only to scare off birds or kill vermin.
  From 1903, the U.K. continued to have CR4 for long
  arms, but with the passing of the Pistol Act, all handguns
  had to be registered. Anyone wanting to buy a handgun
  had to have a gun license, hunting license, or a document
  signed by a police officer or judge that stated that the
  applicant would use the weapon only on his own property
  for self-defense, or would be traveling overseas for at least
  six months.
  Social Stigma (Criminal Record) or (Minor) could
  make acquisition of a license impossible. Even so, in
  many countries, youths above the age of 14 or so were not
  considered minors. Social Stigma (Minority Group) or
  (Second-Class Citizen) also made a license unlikely or
  impossible. In many areas, a bad Reputation could lead
  to exclusion, especially in the United States and the
  United Kingdom, where local judges or police officers
  (rather than anonymous bureaucrats) approved licenses.
  Conversely, Legal Enforcement Powers, Military Rank,
  Police Rank, and sometimes Administrative Rank usually
  made acquiring a license easy or superfluous. For civilians,
  Courtesy Rank and Status would often work wonders.
  Instead of going into the byzantine details of firearms
  legislation, the GM may simply allow PCs to buy a fire -
  arms license (where required) as a 1-point perk in areas of rel-
  atively light control, such as most of the United States or the
  United Kingdom. Compare this trait to the Concealed Carry
  Permit perk (Tactical Shooting, p. 38).
  Ladies who travel extensively and visit semi-civilized
  countries . . . should be thoroughly familiar with 
  fire arms and skilled in their use.
  – Abraham Himmelwright, 
  Pistol and Revolver Shooting
  Western Gun Slang
  barkin’ iron: A handgun.
  Big Fifty: Sharps buffalo rifle in .50 caliber (p. 31).
  Black-eyed Susan: A handgun.
  blue lightnin’: A firearm.
  blue whistlers: Buckshot. The original “Blue Whistler” was a
  specific Ames M1841 6-pounder cannon used in the Amer-
  ican Civil War.
  buffalo: To pistol-whip (High-Tech, p. 93).
  buscadero: A gunman, from his gun belt decorated in the
  Mexican buscadero-style.
  canister: A firearm, from the antipersonnel load used in can-
  non (High-Tech, pp. 172-173).
  cannon: A firearm.
  coach gun: A sawed-off, large-bore shotgun (see p. 21).
  equalizer: A large revolver.
  five beans in the wheel: Loading only five rounds in a six-
  shooter due to safety concerns (High-Tech, p. 93).
  heeled: To be armed, typically with a handgun.
  hog-leg: A large revolver.
  lead plumb: A bullet.
  lead poisoning: To have been shot.
  let her rip: To start shooting.
  life preserver: A gun.
  Navy: A large revolver, usually but not always the .36-caliber
  Colt M1851 Navy (p. 10).
  Old Betsy: A gun.
  pack iron: To carry a gun.
  Peacemaker: The Colt .45 SAA revolver (pp. 14-15).
  purse cannon: A small, derringer-type handgun.
  rod: A handgun.
  run against a pill: To get shot.
  six-shooter: A six-shot revolver.
  smoke wagon: A handgun.
  street howitzer: A sawed-off, large-bore shotgun.
  talking iron: A firearm.
  thumb-buster: A single-action revolver that requires cock-
  ing the hammer with the thumb before every shot. See
  Thumbing (High-Tech, p. 83).
  
  There are only two things more beautiful than a gun – a Swiss
  watch or a woman from anywhere.
  – Cherry Valance, in Red River
  The following sections describe dozens of firearms for use
  by adventurers or their opponents. They provide details on
  who used them and when, to allow a historically accurate
  simulation of reality. They also list many fictional users from
  literature, cinema, and television for inspiration. In particu-
  lar, motion-picture and TV references allow the weapons to
  be seen in action.
  For details on reloading guns, see GURPS High-Tech,
  pp. 86-88.
  NON-REPEATING PISTOLS
  The pet hide-out weapon of them all was that “wicked little
  gun with the big, bad bite” – the .41 double-barreled derringer. It
  was no uncommon thing, not so long ago, to see a man reach
  into his pants-pocket and pull out a handful of silver, some
  matches, a keyring, and a derringer.
  – Eugene Cunningham, Triggernometry
  This is a catchall category for handguns that are neither
  revolvers nor semiautomatic pistols. Not of all them are single-
  shot weapons; some versions feature multiple barrels or other
  mechanisms permitting several shots. Most are small holdout
  pistols, preferred as backup guns or as easily concealed pri-
  mary weapons. Some are huge multi-barrel affairs intended
  for close-quarters defense against man or beast.
  Deringer, .44 Caplock (USA, 1850-1868)
  Made by gunsmith Henry Deringer of Philadelphia, Penn-
  sylvania, this was a small, sleek gun of superior workman-
  ship. Deringer sold his custom-made pistols as cased pairs
  (double cost) and even in sets of four (four times cost)  – it’s
  much faster to draw another gun than to reload (Tactical
  Shooting, p. 14). A pair of Deringers in the trouser pockets
  and a Bowie knife in the tailcoat pocket completed the
  ensemble of the well-dressed American gambler, lawyer, or
  congressman of the 1850s. John Booth assassinated U.S.
  President Abraham Lincoln with such a piece in 1865. More
  than 10,000 were made. Some had gold trimmings; these
  were double cost (+1 to reactions; see p. 4).
  Volcanic No. 2 Army Pistol, 
  .41 Volcanic (USA, 1855-1857)
  This handgun had a lever-action mechanism and a tube
  magazine below the 8” barrel holding eight .41 Volcanic
  “Rocket Balls.” It was basically a stockless version of the Vol-
  canic Rifle (pp. 25-26). Note that its action requires both hands
  for use – unless modified at double cost for use with the One-
  Armed Bandit perk (see GURPS Gun Fu, p. 21). Smith and
  Wesson made a couple thousand guns.
  Sharps No. 2 Derringer, 
  .30 Short Rimfire (USA, 1859-1874)
  This small holdout pistol had four 2.5” barrels in two over-
  and-under rows. They were fired using a rotating firing pin.
  To reload, the barrel block was slid forward and the cases
  dumped out one by one. It featured a brass frame with nickel
  trimmings; ivory grips added $35 to cost. The almost identi-
  cal No. 1 was chambered for the .22 Short (Dmg 1d-1 pi-); the
  No. 3, for the .32 Long Rimfire (Dmg 1d+2 pi). The Sharps
  was license-made by Webley in England and by Grünbaum in
  Austria. When Sharps ceased producing it, Tipping &
  Lawden continued its production in England until 1879.
  In fiction, the Sharps Derringer is displayed by aesthete
  Sir Henry Baskerville in Brian Mills’ The Hound of the
  Baskervilles, gambler Annabelle Bransford in Maverick, and
  monster hunter Hiram Gummer in Tremors 4: The Legend
  Begins. Criminal mastermind Professor James Moriarty uses
  it with a sleeve holster (High-Tech, p. 154) in Guy Ritchie’s
  Sherlock Holmes.
  Lindsay Young America, 
  .41 Caplock (USA, 1860-1864)
  This single-barreled muzzleloading pocket pistol made by
  the Union Knife Co. for John Lindsay was designed to offer
  that crucial second shot in case the first missed or there was
  more than one opponent – from only one 4” barrel! It
  achieved this by using two separate hammers and fire holes.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  6
  CHAPTER TWO
  SIX-SHOOTERS
  AND
  LEVER-ACTIONS
  
  The two loads were inserted one after the other from the
  muzzle, separated by a greased wad. However, unless it was
  very carefully loaded (High-Tech, p. 86), the flash from the first
  load would often ignite the second superimposed load as well,
  resulting in a two-round burst . . . or more likely, a burst barrel
  (treat as Explosion, p. B407)! If loaded incorrectly, with a touch
  too much powder, or if only the left hammer (that is, the one for
  the rear load) was cocked and then fired, a variety of serious
  malfunctions could occur, resulting in a blown-up weapon. A
  roll vs. IQ-based Guns or Armoury can improve Malf. to 16. It
  had a spur trigger and was only 6.5” long overall. Several hun-
  dred were made.
  Merwin & Bray Derringer, 
  .22 Short (USA, 1861-1868)
  Actually made by the Bacon Manufacturing Co. for Merwin
  & Bray, who only acted as distributors, this was a single-shot
  derringer with a spur trigger that popped out of a notch when
  the gun was cocked. It featured a 3.5” barrel. It was also avail-
  able in .32 Short Rimfire (Dmg 1d+1 pi). Some 4,100 were made.
  Remington-Elliott Pocket Repeater, 
  .32 Short Rimfire (USA, 1863-1888)
  This four-barreled, single-action, break-open holdout
  weapon had an internal striker. The ring trigger had to be
  pushed forward between shots to rotate and cock the striker.
  The barrels were 3.4” long. It was available either blued or
  nickeled. Instead of plain rubber or walnut grips, it could also
  be purchased with ivory or pearl grips (+$100). Some 25,000
  were made.
  Remington Double-Derringer, 
  .41 Short (USA, 1866-1934)
  This tiny, break-open over-and-under pistol was the gam-
  bler’s (and many a hustler’s) constant companion in the late
  19th century. Remington made about 150,000. It could be
  bought engraved for twice the cost (+1 to reactions; see p. 4);
  ivory or pearl grips added $100. The .41 Short was an anemic
  round, but better than nothing in a pinch. The pistol’s flat pro-
  file was ideally suited for concealment in a sleeve or boot-top,
  a comfort to those who couldn’t be conspicuously armed.
  It could be concealed in a sleeve holster (High-Tech,
  p. 154) – as Colonel James West demonstrates in The Wild, Wild
  West. More typical users are saloon owner Cy Tolliver and
  madam Joanie Stubbs in Deadwood. Eight-year-old “Little
  Jake” McCandles fires his grandfather’s nickeled and pearl-
  gripped Remington, called “Betsy,” in Big Jake. Ten-year-old
  Flossie Mackenzie gives even better account of herself in Allan
  Quatermain, killing a leopard and a Maasai warrior with hers.
  Frank Wesson Dagger-Pistol, 
  .41 Short (USA, 1869-1870)
  This derringer had two 3” over-and-under barrels, but only
  one hammer. After the first shot, the barrels had to be manu-
  ally rotated to bring the lower barrel in line, and the hammer
  recocked. This takes three Ready maneuvers. Between the bar-
  rels was a short knife blade, which could be extracted and fixed
  as a “bayonet” with a screw (this needs three Ready maneu-
  vers). Using the blade requires Knife skill: Dmg thr-2 imp,
  Reach C. Less than 2,000 were made.
  Remington M1871 Army, 
  .50 Remington (USA, 1872-1888)
  The Model of 1871 was a single-shot breech-loading pistol
  with an 8” barrel. The weapon used the same mechanism as
  the Remington Rolling Block rifles (pp. 28-29). The U.S. Army
  adopted it after the American Civil War – when revolvers were
  already widely used! The reason for this anachronism was the
  inexpensiveness of the pistol; the men who were issued it, such
  as artillery crews, were to concentrate on their real duties and
  to use it only in the utmost act of self-defense. Some 5,000 were
  made. The U.S. Navy acquired another 6,500 as the Model of
  1866 (1866-1875): Wt. 2.1/0.065.
  Colt-Thuer Derringer No. 3, 
  .41 Short (USA, 1872-1912)
  Designed by F. Alexander Thuer and made by Colt’s, this
  single-shot derringer had a spur trigger that popped out of a
  notch when the gun was cocked. It featured a 2.5” barrel and
  automatic extractor. To reload, the barrel pivoted to the side.
  The Number 3 was usually nickeled, and typically sold per pair
  (double cost). Some 45,000 were made, and it was widely
  copied. It’s used by storekeeper Sol Star in Deadwood and
  soiled dove “Lilah” Black in Jonah Hex.
  Turbiaux Le Protector, 
  6×7mmR Protector (France, 1882-1890)
  This unusual double-action-only weapon resembled a nick-
  eled pocket watch with a 1.5” barrel and trigger bar on oppo-
  site sides. The weapon was held in the palm of the hand, the
  barrel barely protruding between the fingers, and fired by clos-
  ing the hand, squeezing the bar. The cartridges were radially
  arranged in an internal rotating disk, pointing outward. The
  disk had to be removed for reloading and replaced afterward,
  which added 10 seconds to the reloading time. It was also
  available in 8¥9mmR Gaulois: Dmg 1d pi, Shots 7(4i). The Pro-
  tector was designed for personal defense. It was particularly
  popular with the “Apaches,” the Parisian criminal underworld
  of the late 19th century.
  The Ames Sword Co. built it under license as the Chicago
  Protector (1889-1910), chambered for the .32 Extra Short: Dmg
  1d pi, Shots 7(4i). Some 12,800 were made. Gunslinger Sabata
  displays one in Return of Sabata.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  7
  This tiny pistol was
  the gambler’s (and many
  a hustler’s) constant
  companion in the late
  19th century.
  
  Lancaster Howdah, .476 Enfield (U.K., 1882-1900)
  Designed for close protection of tiger hunters riding on
  elephants (in a howdah seat), this hammerless handgun had
  four 6” barrels bored into a single rectangular block. Its
  unique and fast double-action-only trigger allowed rapid fire
  but reduced accuracy. The four-shot limit could be embar-
  rassing. However, the multi-barrel rotating-lock system was
  nearly as malfunction-proof as a firearm could get. More reli-
  able than a revolver, this expensive weapon was popular with
  British officers in the late 19th century, including “in the
  Soudan, where Mr. Charles Lancaster’s four-barrel hammer-
  less pistols have done much excellent work.”
  The usual chambering was the contemporary British service
  caliber. The .476 Enfield’s lead bullet had a clay wedge in the tip,
  which caused it to expand – treat it as hollow-point (High-Tech,
  p. 166). A birdshot shell was available: Dmg 1d-5(0.5) pi-, Range
  11/230, RoF 3¥120, Rcl 1. It could fire the .455 Webley inter-
  changeably (Dmg 2d pi+). It had an automatic ejector.
  Lancaster offered ancillaries such as lanyard (High-Tech,
  p. 154), military holster (High-Tech, p. 154), and a detachable
  folding pistol stock (High-Tech, p. 160). With the stock, Guns
  (Rifle) skill is needed to fire the weapon. 
  The gun was also available with engraving and gilt fittings for
  twice the cost (+1 to reactions; see p. 4). Ivory grips added $150.
  A similar weapon with only two over-and-under barrels
  was also offered: Wt. 2/0.1, RoF 2, Shots 2(2i), Cost $875. Its
  main attraction was its slimmer outline, which allowed it to
  be carried concealed more easily (Tactical Shooting, p. 32).
  A rare variant of this was chambered for the .577 Snider car-
  bine round: Dmg 3d(0.5) pi++, Range 150/1,700, Wt. 2.6/0.2,
  RoF 2, Shots 2(2i), ST 11, Rcl 5, Cost $950.
  Finally, a smaller pocket model was available. This had four
  3.5” barrels and was chambered for the .380 Short Centerfire
  cartridge: Dmg 1d+1 pi, Range 90/1,000, Wt. 1.7/0.1, Shots
  4(2i), ST 8, Bulk -1, Rcl 2, Cost $950.
  Greener Double-Grip Pistol, 
  .577 Snider (U.K., 1883-1895)
  This was a break-open pistol with twin 6” barrels side-by-
  side. It had external hammers and two triggers to allow
  simultaneous fire. The weapon was chambered for the car-
  tridge of the .577 Snider carbine (p. 25), making it a power-
  ful close-quarters weapon. Its original application was as a
  saddle pistol, a pair (double cost) being carried by a hunter to
  shoot buffalo while riding beside it. Home Secretary Lord
  Coward in Guy Ritchie’s Sherlock Holmes uses such a gun.
  Shattuck Unique, .22 Short (USA, 1907-1915)
  The Unique was a flat, double-action-only, break-open
  “palm pistol” with four 1.5” smoothbore barrels. It could be
  held concealed in a man’s hand, with the barrels protruding
  between the fingers. It was fired by squeezing the trigger on the
  underside of the grip. The Unique was also available in .32
  Short Rimfire: Dmg 1d+1 pi, Wt. 0.8/0.07, Cost $180.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  8
  Non-Repeating Pistols Table
  See pp. B268-271 and High-Tech, p. 79, for an explanation of the statistics.
  GUNS (PISTOL) (DX-4 or most other Guns at -2)
  TL Weapon
  Damage
  Acc
  Range
  Weight
  RoF
  Shots
  ST
  Bulk
  Rcl
  Cost
  LC
  Notes
  5
  Deringer, .44 Caplock
  2d-1 pi+
  1
  50/550
  0.4/0.022
  1
  1(20)
  6
  -1
  3
  $130
  3
  [1, 2]
  5
  Volcanic No. 2 Army Pistol, 
  1d pi+
  2
  60/650
  3.1/0.12
  2
  8+1(2i)
  9
  -3
  2
  $400
  3
  .41 Volcanic
  5
  Sharps No. 2 Derringer, .30 Short RF
  1d pi-
  0
  80/900
  0.8/0.052
  3
  4(3i)
  7
  -1
  2
  $120
  3
  [1]
  5
  Lindsay Young America, 
  1d pi+
  1
  60/650
  0.8/0.04
  2
  2(30i)
  7
  -1
  2
  $150
  3
  [1, 3]
  .41 Caplock
  5
  Merwin & Bray Derringer, 
  1d-1 pi-
  0
  60/700
  0.5/0.005
  1
  1(3)
  6
  -1
  2
  $100
  3
  .22 Short
  5
  Remington-Elliott Pocket Repeater, 
  1d+1 pi
  0
  80/900
  0.5/0.07
  2
  4(3i)
  6
  -1
  2
  $150
  3
  [1]
  .32 Short RF
  6
  Remington Double-Derringer, 
  1d pi+
  0
  60/650
  0.55/0.05
  1
  2(3i)
  6
  -1
  2
  $140
  3
  [1]
  .41 Short
  6
  Frank Wesson Dagger-Pistol, 
  1d pi+
  0
  60/650
  0.5/0.05
  1
  2(3i)
  6
  -1
  2
  $130
  3
  [1]
  .41 Short
  5
  Remington M1871, .50 Remington
  2d-1 pi+
  2
  120/1,300 2.3/0.065
  1
  1(4)
  10
  -2
  3
  $100
  3
  6
  Colt-Thuer Derringer No. 3, 
  1d pi+
  0
  60/650
  0.4/0.025
  1
  1(4)
  6
  -1
  2
  $85
  3
  [1]
  .41 Short
  6
  Turbiaux Le Protector, 
  1d pi-
  0
  50/600
  0.6/0.06
  3
  10(4i)
  6
  -1
  2
  $150
  3
  [1]
  6¥7mmR
  6
  Lancaster Howdah, .476 Enfield
  2d(0.5) pi++
  1
  110/1,200
  2.7/0.2
  3
  4(2i)
  10
  -2
  3
  $950
  3
  6
  Greener Double-Grip Pistol, 
  3d(0.5) pi++
  2
  150/1,700
  2.5/0.2
  2
  2(2i)
  11
  -3
  5
  $700
  3
  .577 Snider
  6
  Shattuck Unique, .22 Short
  1d-1 pi-
  0
  60/700
  0.5/0.02
  3
  4(3i)
  6
  -1
  2
  $150
  3
  [1]
  Notes
  [1] No lanyard ring (High-Tech, p. 154).
  [3] Very unreliable. Malfunctions on 15+ (see p. B407).
  [2] Unreliable. Malfunctions on 16+ (see p. B407).
  
  REVOLVERS
  Duellists, travellers, and the rowdy bullies of the New World
  enjoy the doubtful honour of having brought the pistol to its pres-
  ent sanguinary perfection. It is the weapon of the self-dependent
  man . . . Unhappily, the drunken bully and gambler of America
  and Mexico has found the six-shooter convenient, and carries it
  more regularly than his tooth-pick.
  – Daily Telegraph article from 1869
  The revolver was the most popular handgun during the
  timeframe covered by Adventure Guns. Quick-firing and
  offering a multi-shot capability, it was the weapon of choice
  for close-range fighting. Both single-action and double-
  action weapons were common – see Trigger Mechanisms
  (High-Tech, p. 82).
  Allen Pepperbox, .31 Caplock (USA, 1837-1864)
  Pepperbox pistols were forerunners of true
  revolvers. Instead of a single barrel, they had a barrel
  for each chamber. They became popular in the 1830s
  and were common until the 1850s, when revolvers of
  improved patterns quickly replaced them. This gun,
  designed by Ethan Allen, was a small double-action-
  only pepperbox with 3.5” smoothbore barrels and
  spurless hammer – treat it as “hammerless” (Tactical
  Shooting, p. 32). Tens of thousands were made. Such
  weapons were popular with civilians in England and
  the U.S., and widely used during the California Gold
  Rush. Despite their technical obsolescence, pepper-
  boxes were still in use during the American Civil War
  and even later, mainly because the guns cost only 1/3
  of the price of an equivalent Colt revolver. The Allen
  had a reputation for chain-firing (see below).
  Colt No. 5 Holster Model, 
  .36 Caplock (USA, 1838-1840)
  Also known as the “Texas Paterson,” this was the
  largest single-action revolver made by Colt’s at
  Paterson, New Jersey. It was called “the gun that made
  all men equal.” The No. 5 was the first mass-produced
  revolver; about a thousand were made. Some 180 were
  issued in 1839 to the Texas Navy (GURPS Old West,
  p. 92), which used them in the war with Mexico in 1843,
  and then passed them on to the Texas Rangers (Old West, p. 93)
  in 1845.
  To reload, the cylinder must be removed. Total time to detach
  and reinsert the cylinder is 15 seconds. Reloading the chambers
  follows the usual rules for caplocks (High-Tech, p. 86), but spare
  cylinders ($130, 0.8 lb.) can be preloaded to save time.
  A Colt No. 5 is used by scout Jacob Wheeler in Into the West.
  The first specimen ever, supposedly hand-made in 1835 by
  Samuel Colt himself, plays a prominent role in Supernatural.
  This gun was at some point converted (High-Tech, p. 164) to fire
  .38 Long Colt cartridges with silver bullets (GURPS Loadouts:
  Monster Hunters, p. 13, or GURPS Horror, pp. 52-53).
  Mariette Poivrière, 
  12mm Caplock (Belgium, 1839-1877)
  Invented by Gilles Mariette, this double-action-only
  poivrière (“pepperbox”) had four 3.5” smoothbore barrels. It
  differed from American and English designs in the loading
  procedure: Each barrel had to be screwed off to allow placing
  the powder and ball in the firing chamber, and then screwed
  on again. This required a special key, which was often inte-
  grated in the handle of a bullet-mold tool (High-Tech, p. 163)
  supplied with it.
  The gun’s hammer was located below the frame, making it
  “hammerless” for the purposes of concealing and fast-drawing
  (Tactical Shooting, p. 32). Unfortunately, the hammer then
  would normally rest on one of the chambers, which made it
  unsafe (High-Tech, p. 93). To avoid accidental discharge, one
  of the barrels had to be left unloaded or at least unprimed; the
  cap was then inserted only in the last moment before a fight
  was expected. Alternatively, the hammer could be manually
  put to rest between two chambers.
  Mariette pepperboxes in 9.5mm Caplock were available
  with as many as 24 barrels: Dmg 2d-1 pi, Wt. 2.8/0.34, Shots
  24(60i), Bulk -3, Rcl 2, Cost $750. These were much rarer.
  Colt M1847 Walker, .44 Caplock (USA, 1847-1848)
  This huge, single-action, muzzleloading revolver (15.5” long
  with a 9” barrel), while not exactly successful, founded the fame
  of the Colt big-bore guns. Named after former Texas Ranger
  Colonel Samuel Walker, who had ordered them for the Army,
  the revolver was made at Whitneyville, Connecticut. Thus, it was
  also known as the “Whitneyville-Walker.” It was usually loaded
  with paper cartridges (High-Tech, p. 86); reloading it with loose
  powder and ball increases reloading time to 20 seconds per
  chamber. The guns were made of inferior steel, and at least one
  in five burst in service. Any malfunction (p. B407) explodes the
  gun, inflicting 1d-1 cr ex on the firer!
  A thousand were made for the U.S. Army (its first repeating
  handgun), and a further 100 for sale to civilians. Its huge size
  can be seen in The Outlaw Josey Wales, where a brace of
  Walkers is carried by gunslinger Josey “Mr. Lightning” Wales
  in belt holsters. It also is in the hands of Texas Ranger Captain
  Augustus McCrae in Lonesome Dove and of Mattie Ross in
  Henry Hathaway’s True Grit.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  9
  Chain Fire
  It was a cheerful weapon – the “Allen.” Sometimes all its six bar-
  rels would go off at once, and then there was no safe place in all the
  region round about, but behind it.
  – Mark Twain, Roughing It
  Some caplock revolvers suffered from a defect known as
  “chain fire.” This mishap particularly befell designs that didn’t
  properly shield the percussion caps from each other. Sometimes,
  setting off one of them would lead to the explosion of an adjacent
  one, or even all of them in a catastrophic chain reaction.
  For weapons noted as being prone to chain-firing, an 18 on the
  attack roll means a number of shots are fired simultaneously in
  one burst. Rapid Fire (p. B373) determines how many hit the
  intended target – and don’t forget to check for Hitting the Wrong
  Target (pp. B389-390)! The number of shots affected can be deter-
  mined with a die roll. For example, with a six-shot revolver use 1d
  (minimum one additional shot).
  A chain fire in anything but a pepperbox revolver can also dam-
  age the weapon by hitting components forward of the cylinder.
  
  Colt M1848 Dragoon, 
  .44 Caplock (USA, 1848-1861)
  The Dragoon was the first of Colt’s truly successful
  revolvers. A massive gun, it was often carried as a pair in sad-
  dle holsters instead of a belt holster owing to its size (14” long
  with a 7.5” barrel) and weight. It was one of the most powerful
  black-powder handguns, with a load of powder and lead
  approaching that of some military rifles. Reloading it with
  loose powder and ball instead of paper cartridges (High-Tech,
  p. 86) increase reloading time to 20 seconds per chamber.
  More than 20,000 were made by Colt’s, almost half of them
  going to the U.S. Army as the Model of 1848. It was imitated in
  Europe and the Confederacy (including Texas). A few versions
  accepted a detachable 2.5-lb. wooden pistol stock (High-Tech,
  p. 160). Firing the gun with the stock requires Guns (Rifle) skill.
  In fiction, the Dragoon is used by outlaw Jim Younger in The
  Long Riders and Mattie Ross in Joel and Ethan Coen’s True Grit.
  In the late 1860s, some of these were converted (High-Tech,
  p. 164) for $110 to fire the .44 Henry cartridge: Malf. 17, Dmg
  2d pi+, Shots 6(3i). Avenger Colonel Morsman Carver in
  Seraphim Falls uses such a conversion.
  Wesson & Leavitt Dragoon, 
  .40 Caplock (USA, 1850-1851)
  Daniel Leavitt patented a revolver design in 1837, shortly
  after Samuel Colt. Slightly improved by his partner Edward
  Wesson, it was produced in 1850, only to draw legal action
  from Colt’s. Despite substantial differences in detail, the pro-
  ducer lost in court in a landmark patent infringement lawsuit,
  and had to cease manufacture after only 800 had been made.
  The Dragoon was a single-action, muzzleloading revolver with
  a 7.1” barrel. It was easy to reload by tipping up the barrel and
  withdrawing the cylinder. This takes six seconds to detach and
  reinstall. Reloading the chambers takes as long as usual for a
  caplock (High-Tech, p. 86).
  Colt Model 1849 Pocket, 
  .31 Caplock (USA, 1850-1862)
  This lightweight single-action muzzleloader had five shots
  in the cylinder. This weapon was immensely successful, with
  more than 336,000 made by Colt’s in Hartford, Connecticut,
  and London, England. New stock was still sold a decade after
  production had ceased. The cylinder was typically engraved
  with a stagecoach robbery scene. Most had a 6” barrel, but
  other lengths were made, the shortest being 3” long: Dmg 1d
  pi-, Acc 0, Wt. 1.5/0.042. This was also known as the “Wells,
  Fargo model,” although no sales of the gun were recorded for
  that company.
  Gunslinger Josie Wales uses a full-sized gun as a backup in
  The Outlaw Josie Wales. Accountant William Blake in Dead
  Man prominently carries a captured Pocket model.
  Colt M1851 Navy, .36 Caplock (USA, 1851-1873)
  This popular single-action percussion revolver took its
  “Navy” nickname from the scene engraved on the cylinder,
  depicting a naval battle between Texas and Mexico. A large
  handgun – with a 7.5” barrel – it was renowned for its balance
  and pointability. Combined with light recoil, this made it a
  favorite for accurate shooting, but it wasn’t notably powerful.
  Colt’s made some 255,000 in Connecticut and England.
  The U.S. Army acquired the first guns in 1855, and the
  Model of 1851 was used in great numbers during the Civil War.
  It can be seen in the hands of U.S. Army Captain Robert Shaw
  in Glory and of U.S. Army Lieutenant John Dunbar in Dances
  with Wolves. The same weapon was adopted by the British and
  Canadian armies and by police forces in Australia. The British
  employed it in the Crimean War and the Indian Mutiny, but
  removed it from service in the late 1850s.
  The Colt Navy had a removable cylinder, which takes 15
  seconds total to detach and reinsert. Reloading the chambers
  takes as long as usual for a caplock, but it was normally loaded
  with paper cartridges (High-Tech, p. 86). Reloading it with
  loose powder and ball increases reloading time to 20 seconds
  per chamber. Spare cylinders ($90, 0.8 lb.) could be preloaded
  to speed things up. From 1860, some guns accepted a detach-
  able 2.3-lb. wooden pistol stock (High-Tech, p. 160). Shooting
  the weapon with the stock requires Guns (Rifle) skill. There
  was even a hollow stock that doubled as a one-pint canteen!
  The revolver was copied in the South (including in Geor-
  gia, Mississippi, Texas, and Virginia); General Robert Lee
  was armed with one throughout the Civil War. The most
  numerous copy was the Griswold & Gunnison Navy (1862-
  1864), which uses the same stats.
  Gunslinger “Wild Bill” Hickok (Old West, p. 101) carried two
  outdated but beautifully engraved and ivory-handled Colt Navy
  revolvers from 1869 to 1876, either in reverse belt holsters or in
  a sash around his midriff, as correctly depicted in Deadwood,
  Wild Bill, and GURPS Deadlands: Weird West. After his death,
  Hickok’s best friend, “Colorado Charlie” Utter, kept them as a
  keepsake. Ironically, Hickok is reported to have been killed with
  another Navy revolver, at least according to one eyewitness
  account at the trial of Hickok’s murderer, “Broken Nose Jack”
  McCall. As “Navy” was also used as a generic term (see Western
  Gun Slang, p. 5), it could just as well have been any other large
  revolver. This model was preferred by infamous murderer Jack
  Slade, who was a “matchless marksman” with it, according to
  reporter Mark Twain.
  From 1869, it was common to convert the weapon to fire
  metallic cartridges (High-Tech, p. 164). The Thuer system
  (1869-1871) used the .38 Thuer cartridge, the Richards-Mason
  system employed the .38 Long Rimfire (1871-1878) or .38 Long
  Colt (1873-1878); all of these have Malf. 17, Dmg 2d pi, Shots
  6(3i), and Cost $330. Colt’s converted about 11,000 for $110
  each. A Richards-Mason conversion is employed by ranchers
  Daniel and William Evans in James Mangold’s 3:10 to Yuma
  and gunslinger Cort in The Quick and the Dead. Outlaws
  “Blondie” and Tuco “The Rat” Ramírez use similar gunsmith
  conversions in The Good, the Bad and the Ugly.
  Cogswell Improved Revolving Pistol, 
  .38 Caplock (U.K., 1852-1864)
  This design by Benjamin Cogswell was a compact pepper-
  box pistol with nine 4” smoothbore barrels. It had a double-
  action-only lock and a manual safety (High-Tech, p. 93). Its
  spurless hammer made it “hammerless” for the purposes of
  drawing from a pocket (Tactical Shooting, p. 32). The caps
  weren’t shielded from each other, making a chain fire likely
  (p. 9). Similar weapons with only six barrels were also made.
  The Cogswell would be an ideal weapon for a Victorian
  detective (GURPS Steampunk, p. 34) or Georgian thief-
  taker (GURPS Infinite Worlds: Britannica-6, p. 39).
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  10
  
  Beaumont-Adams Mk I, 
  .442 Caplock (U.K., 1853-1860)
  One of the first true double-action revolvers, the Beaumont-
  Adams Mk I with its 6” barrel replaced the Colt Model 1851
  Navy (p. 10) in British service from 1855. Adams revolvers
  were license-built or copied in Austria, Belgium, Prussia, and
  the United States – U.S. military weapons were .36-caliber
  (Dmg 2d-1 pi) – and could be found almost anywhere in the
  world. This one had a manual safety (High-Tech, p. 93).
  The reloading time given in the table assumes paper car-
  tridges (High-Tech, p. 86). Reloading it with loose powder and
  ball increases reloading time to 20 seconds per chamber.
  The Adams Mk I (1869-1878) was a cartridge conversion
  (High-Tech, p. 164) in .450 Adams: Malf. 17, Range 135/1,500,
  Wt. 2.6/0.23, Shots 5(3i), Rcl 2, Cost $350. This loading-gate
  pattern served the British Army until the 1880s. The Adams
  Mk II (1872) and Adams Mk III (1872-1880) were built for the
  cartridge from the start: Malf. 17, Range 135/1,500, Wt.
  2.6/0.27, Shots 6(3i), Rcl 2, Cost $300.
  The Adams Mk I was issued to the Canadian Northwest
  Mounted Police (Old West, p. 99) from 1874 to 1883. Dr. John
  Watson’s “old service revolver” from his time in the Second
  Afghan War was probably an Adams Mk III – not the Webley
  army patterns he’s seen with in most screen adaptations.
  Lefaucheux Mle 1854, 
  12×16mm Lefaucheux (France, 1854-1870)
  The Lefaucheux was a side-gate loading, single-action
  revolver chambered for one of the first metallic cartridges, the
  Lefaucheux pinfire. The French navy introduced a variant in
  1858. Hundreds of thousands were made for commercial sale
  – including copies in Belgium, France, Germany, Spain, and
  elsewhere. Almost 12,000 were acquired by the Union Army in
  1861 and 1862, but mainly used in the West during the
  American Civil War.
  LeMat Grape Shot Revolver, 
  .42 Caplock (France, 1856-1864)
  Designed by Dr. Jean Alexandre François LeMat of New
  Orleans, this unusual single-action, muzzleloading revolver with
  6.75” barrel had a nine-round cylinder turning around a 5”
  smoothbore shot barrel of 18-gauge. John Krider of Philadelphia
  made the first 300 or so. In 1860, LeMat contracted for at least
  2,200 with Charles Girard in Paris. A few were also made by the
  London Armoury Company in England, but most English-
  marked samples were just proofed there. The majority of the
  LeMat revolvers were delivered during the American Civil War
  to the Confederates; famous users included General Pierre Beau-
  regard, General J.E.B. Stuart, and Colonel George Patton.
  In fiction, the LeMat is used by Confederate soldier William
  Inman in Cold Mountain, outlaw General Quentin Turnbull in
  Jonah Hex, and explorer Phileas Fogg in The Secret Adventures of
  Jules Verne. The loading and handling is demonstrated by gun-
  slinger “Swede” Gutzon in The Quick and the Dead.
  The hammer could be flicked to fire either a round from the
  revolver cylinder or the central barrel. This takes a Ready
  maneuver – or a free action for a familiar user.
  The stats in the table are for the revolver barrel. The shot
  barrel has Dmg 1d(0.5) pi-, Acc 1, Range 30/600, RoF 1¥11,
  Shots 1(20), Rcl 1. By 1865, a number of revolvers had been 
  re-bored to .44 caliber (same stats), which allowed standard
  military balls to be fired instead of the unusual .42 caliber.
  In 1869-1880, the LeMat was available in a loading-gate ver-
  sion firing the 12¥16mm Lefaucheux pinfire cartridge: Malf.
  17, Dmg 1d+2 pi+, Range 100/1,100, Wt. 3.7/0.3, Shots 9(3i),
  ST 10, Rcl 2. The shot barrel remained muzzleloading. Auguste
  Francotte in Belgium made most of these.
  From about 1873, another version with a shorter 4.6” bar-
  rel was chambered for the 11¥17mmR Chamelot-Delvigne
  round: Malf. 17, Dmg 1d pi+, Range 100/1,100, Wt. 3.4/0.3,
  Shots 9(3i), ST 10, Rcl 2. This finally allowed use of rimfire
  shotgun cartridges in 24-gauge 2.5”: Malf. 17, Dmg 1d+1 pi,
  Acc 1, Range 30/600, RoF 1¥5, Shots 1(4), Rcl 1. Such guns
  were widely relied on in French colonies. Sheriff Johnny Ringo
  uses a cartridge-converted LeMat in Johnny Ringo.
  Starr M1858 Army, .44 Caplock (USA, 1858-1863)
  Designed by Ebenezer Starr, this double-action, double-
  trigger caplock revolver had a 6” barrel. More than 26,000 were
  made, the majority acquired by the U.S. Army beginning in
  1861 for use during the Civil War.
  To reload, a bolt had to be unscrewed and the barrel
  moved forward to remove the cylinder. This could be either
  reloaded, or replaced with a preloaded cylinder, which takes
  15 seconds. Reloading it with loose powder and ball instead
  of paper cartridges (High-Tech, p. 86) increases reloading
  time to 20 seconds per chamber. The caps weren’t isolated
  from each other, making chain-firing (p. 9) likely.
  The M1863 Army (1863-1864) was officially adopted by the
  U.S. Army, but differed in having an 7.3” barrel and being sin-
  gle-action only, which almost halved its cost: Wt. 3.1/0.14, RoF
  1, Cost $265. It was the third-most-common handgun in the
  Civil War. More than 31,000 were made.
  Both models were also converted to cartridges from 1871
  (High-Tech, p. 164), typically .45 Colt, although conversions
  were scarce. The double-action version has Malf. 17, Dmg 2d
  pi+, RoF 3, Shots 6(3i), and Cost $650. The single-action model
  has Malf. 17, Dmg 2d pi+, RoF 1, Shots 6(3i), and Cost $375.
  Gunslinger William Munny has a Model 1858 in Unforgiven.
  Gunslinger Sergeant Clay Cantrell wears a Model 1858 with
  cartridge conversion on a Gillet pivot belt (see p. 45) in The
  Quick and the Dead.
  S&W No. 1, .22 Short (USA, 1858-1881)
  The single-action S&W Number 1 was the first American
  metallic-cartridge revolver, chambered for a tiny, underpowered
  rimfire round useful only at close range. It was popular as a
  backup gun with both officers and enlisted men during the Amer-
  ican Civil War. More than 271,000 were made. This weapon was
  particularly unsafe to carry fully loaded (High-Tech, p. 93).
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  11
  I was armed to the teeth with 
  a pitiful little Smith and Wesson’s
  seven-shooter, which carried a ball 
  like a homeopathic pill, and it took 
  the whole seven to make a dose for 
  an adult. But I thought it was grand.
  – Mark Twain, Roughing It
  
  To reload, the user must remove the cylinder. Total time to
  detach and reinsert the cylinder is 15 seconds. Punching out
  the spent cases using the fixed rod under the barrel and insert-
  ing new rounds adds four seconds per cartridge.
  The No. 2 Army (1861-1874) was similar, but slightly larger
  with a 5” barrel to accommodate the .32 Long Rimfire car-
  tridge: Dmg 1d+1 pi, Range 90/1,000, Wt. 1.4/0.12, Shots 6(4i),
  ST 8, Bulk -2, Cost $225. Some 77,000 were produced. One
  owner was Japanese reformer Sakamoto Ryouma, a famous
  swordsman who kept it as a backup to his katana. In fiction,
  samurai Unosuke uses it in Yojimbo.
  Savage M1859 Navy, .36 Caplock (USA, 1859-1866)
  This unique weapon was a single-action revolver with a 7”
  barrel. Its hammer was cocked by manipulating a figure-eight
  ring lever inside the heart-shaped trigger guard with the mid-
  dle finger. Unfamiliar users could damage the gun by trying to
  pull both ring lever and trigger simultaneously. When the ham-
  mer was cocked, the cylinder was pressed forward against the
  mouth of the barrel for a more positive gas seal. Loose powder
  and ball instead of paper cartridges (High-Tech, p. 86) increases
  the reloading time to 20 seconds per chamber. The Union Navy
  from 1861 bought more than 11,000.
  Colt M1860 Army, .44 Caplock (USA, 1860-1873)
  Mechanically identical to the Colt M1851 Navy (p. 10) but
  in a larger caliber, the Model of 1860 was the Union Army’s
  principal handgun during the American Civil War. More than
  200,000 were made, the U.S. Army alone acquiring almost
  130,000. According to some accounts, Army scout Lieutenant
  William Cody (Old West, p. 101) used such a revolver to kill
  Cheyenne chief Heova’ehe (“Yellow Hair”) in 1876, after hav-
  ing been challenged by the brave. Outlaw John Wesley Hardin
  (Old West, pp. 101-102, and GURPS Who’s Who 2, pp. 92-93)
  did most of his killings with this .44-caliber cap-and-ball
  revolver, including the first one when he was only 15 years old.
  The Colt Army had a 7.5” barrel. Reloading it with loose
  powder and ball rather than paper cartridges (High-Tech,
  p. 86) increases reloading time to 20 seconds per chamber.
  Alternatively, the cylinder could be swapped for a preloaded
  spare cylinder ($130, 0.9 lb.), which takes 15 seconds total to
  detach and reinsert. Most people simply carried a second
  revolver instead. A detachable 2.3-lb. wooden pistol stock
  (High-Tech, p. 160) was offered for some of these guns. Firing
  the weapon with the stock requires Guns (Rifle) skill.
  It can be seen in the hands of Colonel Joshua Chamberlain
  in Gettysburg, cowboy Newt Dobbs and Texas Ranger Captain
  Woodrow Call in Lonesome Dove, gunslinger Josey Wales in
  The Outlaw Josey Wales, and rancher Elliot Marston in Quigley
  Down Under.
  In 1871, the U.S. Army bought 1,000 converted to use the
  .44 Martin cartridge (High-Tech, p. 164): Malf. 17, Dmg 2d-1
  pi+, Shots 6(3i). From 1871, many were converted for $110 for
  commercial sale to fire .44 Colt cartridges: Malf. 17, Dmg 2d-1
  pi+, Shots 6(3i). Outlaw Cole Younger of the James-Younger
  gang had two of these when he was captured in Minnesota in
  1876. Marshal Dallas Stoudenmire carried a converted Model
  1860 as backup in a lined pants pocket (Tactical Shooting,
  p. 72). This had its barrel shortened to 3”: Dmg 1d+2 pi+, Acc
  0, Wt. 2.7/0.27, Shots 6(4i), Bulk -1. Since it lacked the ejector
  rod, reloading took much longer.
  Outlaw Jake Lonergan uses an M1860 with the early Thuer
  conversion system (1868-1872) in Cowboys & Aliens.
  Conversions using the Richards system (1870-1873) are shown
  in action by U.S. Army Major Amos Dundee in Major Dundee,
  Cherokee chief “Lone Watie” in The Outlaw Josey Wales, and
  Marshal Stockburn in Pale Rider.
  Remington New Model Army, 
  .44 Caplock (USA, 1863-1875)
  During the American Civil War, the U.S. Army adopted this
  single-action revolver with an 8” barrel as the Model of 1863. It
  later became popular with civilians. Some 140,000 were made,
  with most going to the U.S. Army. Infamous Civil War guerrilla
  George Maddox carried a pair of these.
  The reloading time given assumes paper cartridges (High-
  Tech, p. 86); reloading it with loose powder and ball increases
  reloading time to 20 seconds per chamber. The cylinder could
  be swapped for a preloaded spare cylinder ($70, 1 lb.), which
  takes 10 seconds total to detach and reinsert. By the mid 1870s,
  new revolvers sold for half price.
  In 1868, the first cartridge conversion (High-Tech, p. 164)
  became available. This was chambered for the .46 Short
  Rimfire, but took only five shots: Malf. 17, Dmg 2d-1 pi+, Shots
  5(4i), Cost $300. It had a loading gate but no extractor; the
  shooter had to use a small tool to push out each spent shell.
  Some 4,500 conversions were made until 1869.
  From 1869, many were converted to the .44 Martin or .45
  Remington cartridges, and from 1871, to .44 Colt. All of these
  have Malf. 17, Dmg 2d-1 pi+, Shots 6(3i), and Cost $300. They
  had a loading gate and a manual extractor. “The Preacher”
  uses such a conversion in Pale Rider, with two spare cylinders
  carried in cartridge belt pockets (p. 45).
  Rupertus Model 8 Pepperbox, 
  .22 Short (USA, 1864-1870)
  This small single-action pepperbox revolver had eight 2.8”
  barrels, an external hammer, and a sheath trigger. Made by
  Jacob Rupertus of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, more than
  2,200 were produced. It had a loading gate on the right side.
  Reid’s My Friend, .22 Short (USA, 1868-1882)
  Designed by James Reid, the My Friend was a small double-
  action-only pepperbox revolver with 1.6” barrels and a spurless
  hammer – treat it as “hammerless” (Tactical Shooting, p. 32).
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  12
  This is the customized Remington
  New Model Army .44. It’s probably
  more accurate than your Colt. Had the
  wooden handles removed and replaced
  with solid silver. Used with great
  success on 35 bank robberies by 
  its late owner.
  – “The Kid” Herod, 
  in The Quick and the Dead
  
  The brass ring grip was sturdy enough to allow the gun to be
  used as brass knuckles (p. B271), earning it the nickname
  “Knuckleduster.” Up to 20,000 were made, typically nickel-
  plated and most in .22 Short (in the table). A few were cham-
  bered for alternate calibers, namely the .32 Short Rimfire
  (Dmg 1d+1 pi, Shots 6(4i), Cost $125) and .41 Short Rimfire
  (Dmg 1d pi+, Shots 5(4i), Cost $145). A My Friend is bran-
  dished by gunslinger Ellen in The Quick and the Dead.
  Webley RIC No. 1, .442 RIC (U.K., 1868-1939)
  This double-action revolver was designed for the Royal
  Irish Constabulary (RIC), but other Empire police forces also
  adopted it, including in Australia, India, and South Africa. It
  was a loading-gate design with a 4.5” barrel (in contrast with
  the 3.5”-barrel version on p. 94 of High-Tech). In America,
  the cartridge was better known as the “.44 Webley.” Besides
  a solid lead bullet (in the table), it could fire an uncommon
  SAPLE round (Dmg 1d+2 pi+ with 1d-3 [1d-2] cr ex follow-
  up). Production of the frames ceased in 1893, but new
  weapons continued to be assembled until much later.
  The more compact M.P. (1883-1939) was chambered for the
  .450 Adams and had a 2.5” barrel: Dmg 1d+1 pi+, Acc 1, Range
  100/1,100, Wt. 2/0.3, ST 8, Bulk -1, Rcl 2, Cost $260. London’s
  Metropolitan Police adopted this version in 1883. Contrary to
  the image of the unarmed Bobby, coppers in outlying parts of
  London could request these as “comforters” from their station
  armory during nightshifts – as shown in The Wolfman. The
  revolver was issued by many other British and Colonial police
  forces as well. Detective Sherlock Holmes is believed to have
  used this compact Webley, including to pump five shots into
  the Hound of the Baskervilles; he’s depicted with it in Peter
  Hammond’s The Sign of Four.
  Tranter Man-Stopper, .577 Boxer 
  (Great Britain, 1870-1880)
  This break-open double-action-only revolver was chambered
  for a huge cartridge –generally known at the time as 24-bore – to
  guarantee man-stopping in close combat. It fired a lead ball or a
  Minié bullet. The gun had only a 4” barrel, but the voluminous
  cylinder made it rather bulky. Only a few hundred were made.
  In order to reload, the shooter had to remove the cylinder and
  take off the recoil shield before punching out each case individ-
  ually. Removing and reassembling the cylinder takes 15 seconds.
  The gun was license-made by Webley as the No. 1 (1870-
  1880): Wt. 3.1/0.48.
  Colt .41 House Pistol, .41 Short (USA, 1871-1876)
  The .41 House Pistol was a small single-action loading-gate
  pistol with spur trigger and a 3” barrel. It was commonly
  known as the “Cloverleaf” due to the shape of its four-cham-
  bered cylinder. It was advertised as being “particularly adapted
  for house defence against burglars, or for the pocket.” Due to
  the narrow cylinder, it was ideal for concealed carry (Tactical
  Shooting, p. 32). Some 7,500 were made.
  S&W No. 3 Russian, .44 Russian (USA, 1871-1912)
  In 1869, Smith and Wesson brought out their first big-bore
  revolver, the single-action No. 3 in .44 American (Dmg 2d-1
  pi+). It was a top-break, simultaneously extracting design with
  an 8” barrel. The Russian Empire adopted it as the 4.2-linyeinyi
  Revol’ver Sistemya Smita i Vessona obrazets 1870 goda (“Smith
  and Wesson system revolver of 4.2-lines caliber model of the
  year 1870”). This fired a slightly redesigned cartridge, the .44
  Russian, but the dimensions were so similar that one round
  would usually work in a weapon chambered for the other
  (High-Tech, p. 178).
  Smith and Wesson produced more than 206,000 No. 3
  revolvers, half of which went to Russia from 1871 to 1877. Other
  users included the Argentine army (Mod 1878), Australian Colo-
  nial Police (which bought 250 guns, all with detachable pistol
  stocks), Japanese navy, and Spanish army. The Mexican and
  Turkish armies adopted it in .44 Henry (Dmg 2d pi+). Copies –
  licensed and unlicensed – were produced in many countries.
  Ludwig Loewe of Berlin, Germany, built 100,000 for the Rus-
  sians, and the Russian Tula arsenal made it in even greater num-
  bers. Although the Russian military started to replace it with the
  Nagant R-1895 (Pulp Guns 1, p. 9) beginning in 1897, the S&W
  continued in service for a long time. The Germans also exported
  the gun to Mexico and other places. The No. 3 was popular with
  a nickel finish ($375).
  The best production target pistol of its day, the No. 3 was
  used to set many world records. It was a favorite of “Buffalo
  Bill” Cody (Old West, p. 101) and Annie “Little Sure Shot”
  Oakley for trick shooting. Wyatt Earp is now widely assumed
  to have used a S&W .44 American during the shootout at the
  O.K. Corral (Old West, pp. 105-107), rather than the Colt .45
  SAA Buntline (pp. 14-15) some early biographers claimed.
  Scout “Texas Jack” Omohundro favored a similar weapon. In
  1882, Robert Ford killed Jesse James (Old West, p. 102) with a
  nickeled S&W .44 Russian that Jesse himself had given him, as
  shown in The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert
  Ford. Oklahombre Bill Doolin was armed with one when he
  was shot in 1896. It can be seen used by white Indian Samuel
  Jones in The Missing.
  The No. 3 Schofield (1875-1877) was a minor variant in .45
  S&W, modified according to the suggestions of Major George
  Schofield, U.S. Army cavalry: Dmg 2d-1 pi+, Wt. 2.8/0.3, Cost
  $330. Fewer than 9,000 were made, and only 650 were ini-
  tially intended for civilian sale. The San Francisco police
  department adopted it. Some 8,000 were issued by the U.S.
  Army as the Model of 1875 – especially to the “Buffalo Sol-
  diers” of the 9th and 10th Cavalry (Old West, pp. 95-96).
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  13
  The Kid: Schofield Kid, they call me.
  Will Munny: Why? Are you from Schofield?
  The Kid: No, on account of my Schofield model Smith and Wesson pistol.
  – Unforgiven
  
  Obsolete in 1887, many M1875s went to Wells, Fargo & Com-
  pany (Old West, p. 48), which issued it to its employees with
  the barrel shortened from 7” to 5”: Dmg 2d-1 pi+, Wt. 2.7/0.3,
  Bulk -2. Some gunfighters preferred it because it was faster to
  reload than most contemporary American revolvers. The
  Schofield is used by outlaw Charlie Prince in James Mangold’s
  3:10 to Yuma, mercenary Captain Nathan Algren in The Last
  Samurai, and monster hunter Velkan Valerious in Van Helsing.
  Colt .44 Open Top, .44 Henry (USA, 1872-1873)
  This single-action revolver with open-top frame was cham-
  bered for the .44 Henry rimfire cartridge used in the popular
  Winchester Model 1866 rifle (p. 28). It was a large weapon with
  a 7.5” barrel. Some 7,000 of this transitional model were made.
  It is used by lawman Everett Hitch in Appaloosa and cowboy
  Rafe Covington in Crossfire Trail.
  Webley No. 2 British Bull Dog, 
  .450 Adams (U.K., 1872-1914)
  Similar in basic design to the RIC No. 1 (p. 13) in being a
  double-action, loading-gate, solid-frame revolver, this more
  compact weapon had a “snubnose” 2.5” barrel. Its slimmer
  cylinder could hold only five shots. It typically came in .450
  Adams, better known as the “.450 Centerfire” at the time, but
  was also available in .44 Short Rimfire (Dmg 1d+2 pi+) and
  .442 RIC (Dmg 1d+2 pi+). This successful pattern was used by
  many Imperial police forces. It was equally popular for self-
  protection, being “specially adapted for Colonists, Travellers,
  and house protection.”
  Webley made some 100,000 and it was imitated in Belgium,
  France, Germany, Spain, and the United States. Copies had
  names such as American Bull Dog, Western Bull Dog, and even
  American British Bull Dog, and typically came at half cost or less.
  Both originals and imitations were popular in the Wild West.
  Lieutenant Colonel George Custer (Old West, pp. 103-104, and
  Who’s Who 2, pp. 90-91) owned two Webley Bull Dogs, which
  supposedly armed him at the Little Big Horn in 1876. Charles
  Guiteau assassinated U.S. President James Garfield with one in
  1881. Revolutionary Helen Sanchez uses a Bull Dog in Joe Kidd.
  The RIC No. 2 (1883-1914) was similar: Dmg 1d+1 pi+, Wt.
  1.4/0.23, Cost $210. It was also made in .320 Centerfire (Dmg
  1d pi) and .380 Centerfire (Dmg 1d+1 pi). Dr. John Watson is
  thought to eventually have replaced his unwieldy Adams serv-
  ice revolver (p. 11) with such a pocket gun loaded with ammu-
  nition made by the famous manufacturer Eley; he’s depicted
  with it in Guy Ritchie’s Sherlock Holmes. Gunslinger “English
  Bob” carries a .320-caliber version as backup in Unforgiven.
  Dolne Revolver Combine, 
  7×15mm Lefaucheux (Belgium, 1873-1881)
  Made by Louis Dolne and better known as the “Apache”
  after the Parisian criminal gangs that preferred it, this curious
  double-action-only pepperbox revolver with spurless hammer
  was designed as the ultimate concealed self-defense weapon.
  More than 4,000 were made, and other Belgian and French
  manufacturers copied it.
  Since the pinfire cartridges it fired were low-powered, it also
  offered two other options. Below the frame was a folding dagger
  blade, 3.5” long. This uses Knife skill: Dmg thr-2 imp, Reach C.
  The grip was built as four-ringed brass knuckles (p. B271); to
  use, it was tucked below the cylinder. Folded, the weapon was
  only 4” long (Holdout -1). Folding or unfolding takes a Ready
  maneuver.
  To reload the revolver, the cylinder had to be removed (two
  seconds) and the cases pushed out one by one with the cylin-
  der axis.
  Chamelot-Delvigne Mle 1873, 
  11×17mmR (France, 1873-1886)
  This was a double-action loading-gate revolver adopted by
  the French army, navy, and gendarmerie. Some 350,000 were
  made. It fired a low-powered black-powder cartridge, which was
  replaced by a slightly more powerful loading from 1890 (Dmg
  1d+1 pi+). The weapon was superseded in front-line service by
  the MAS Mle 1892 (Pulp Guns 1, p. 8) during the 1890s, but
  continued in use until after the Great War with some military
  units, and even longer with police and penal forces.
  The Mle 1874 (1875-1886) issued to infantry and navy offi-
  cers had a fluted cylinder and other weight-saving measures:
  Wt. 2.5/0.2, Cost $450. Some 36,000 were made.
  Colt M1873 SAA, .45 Long Colt (USA, 1873-1940)
  Colt’s famous Single-Action Army (SAA) was a loading-gate
  revolver adopted by the U.S. Army as the Model of 1873 to
  replace its hodgepodge of cartridge and caplock handguns.
  Some 37,000 were acquired, and the heydays of its military
  service were the Indian Wars (Old West, pp. 97-99). It was
  tremendously powerful for its time – and had a tremendous
  kick. From 1875, the Army issued the shorter .45 S&W car-
  tridge to alleviate this: Dmg 2d-1 pi+, ST 10, Rcl 3. The military
  supplied the M1873 with a belt pouch for 20 rounds. Civilian
  users preferred leather belts with loops (p. 45) that could hold
  30 to 50 cartridges. The SAA was also popular in Mexico
  (where the Mexican army adopted it as the Modelo 1879) and
  further down in South America.
  The Cavalry version in the table had a 7.5” barrel, but many
  other lengths were available. The next most common was the
  4.75” Civilian model (1876-1940): Dmg 2d+1 pi+, Wt. 2.6/0.3,
  Bulk -2. Ford County sheriff “Mysterious Dave” Mather riddled
  the back of Dodge City marshal Tom Nixon with one in 1884.
  The Artillery model (1875-1940) had a 5.5” barrel: Dmg 2d+2
  pi+, Wt. 2.65/0.3, Bulk -2. In 1892, the Dalton gang bought 10
  identical engraved and pearl-gripped Artillery revolvers, which
  they used in their last, disastrous double-bank robbery in
  Coffeyville, Kansas. The Sheriff’s model (1876-1927) lacked an
  ejector rod, increasing reloading time to four seconds per
  round. Many had a 2.5 or 3” barrel: Dmg 2d-1 pi+, Acc 1, Shots
  6(4i), Wt. 2.2/0.3, Bulk -1. Many gunfighters preferred the short
  patterns to a full-sized model, because they could be carried
  concealed in a hip pocket. When Luke Short shot Charlie
  Storms with his Sheriff’s model in 1879 (Old West, p. 81), the
  muzzle was so close that he set Charlie’s clothes aflame
  (Tactical Shooting, p. 16). Another ejector-less pattern with a
  4” barrel was known as the Storekeeper’s model: Dmg 2d pi+,
  Acc 1, Shots 6(4i), Wt. 2.3/0.3, Bulk -2.
  Colt also made a few guns with an extra-long 10” barrel (Wt.
  3/0.3, Cost $550) or even a 16” barrel (Dmg 3d-1 pi+, Acc 3, Wt.
  3.6/0.3, Bulk -4, Cost $500). These came with a detachable 1-lb.
  skeleton pistol stock (High-Tech, p. 160), which requires Guns
  (Rifle) skill for use. Nickel-and-dime author Edward “Ned
  Buntline” Judson claimed that he gifted similar guns with 12”
  barrels to several famous gunfighters, including Wyatt Earp.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  14
  
  The story of these “Buntline Specials” appears to have been
  completely fabricated; no real evidence has ever turned up.
  According to factory records, Colt’s made only 28 long-barreled
  SAA guns during the era, all in 1876, and none with a 12” bar-
  rel. A 10” version can be seen used by lawman Wyatt Earp in
  Tombstone. In For a Few Dollars More, bounty hunter Colonel
  Douglas Mortimer has both a 16” version and a (fictional) 12”
  model with detachable shoulder stock.
  The Colt SAA was available in several calibers. The over-
  whelming majority were chambered for either .45 Long Colt or
  the short Winchester rifle cartridges. The latter allowed hand-
  gun and shoulder arm to share ammo, an important logistical
  advantage out in the West. The .44-40 Winchester (1878-1940)
  was the most popular chambering next to the .45 Long Colt; it
  has Dmg 2d+1 pi+. This version was sold as the “Frontier Six-
  Shooter.” Both Henry “Billy the Kid” McCarty (Old West,
  pp. 107-108) and his nemesis, Sheriff Pat Garrett (GURPS
  Cops, pp. 9-10), preferred this version. Other calibers included,
  in order of their importance, the .38-40 Winchester (Dmg 2d
  pi+, 1884-1940), .32-20 Winchester (Dmg 1d+2 pi-, 1884-1940),
  .41 Long Colt (Dmg 2d pi+, 1885-1940), and .44 Henry (Dmg
  2d pi+, 1875-1880). Some 270,000 SAA revolvers were sold
  between 1873 and 1909.
  The M1873 was superseded in military service by the .38-
  caliber Colt M1892 (p. 17). From 1898, most of the remaining
  military-issue M1873 Cavalry revolvers were shortened to
  Artillery length and reissued to U.S. Army infantry, artillery,
  and volunteer cavalry units, such as Roosevelt’s “Rough
  Riders.” These continued in service until well after the turn of
  the 20th century.
  By 1882, the wooden grips were replaced by black rubber,
  although wood remained an option until 1903. Pearl or ivory
  grips added $140. Many “Peacemakers” were decorated; dou-
  ble cost for engraving (+1 to reactions; see p. 4). Shootist Clay
  Allison (Old West, p. 81) is said to have favored an ivory-han-
  dled Colt SAA.
  In fiction, the Cavalry model is carried by Marshal Matt
  Dillon in Gunsmoke, cattle baron Colonel Woodrow Dolarhyde
  in Cowboys & Aliens, and avenger “Harmonica” in Once Upon a
  Time in the West. The Civilian version is used by Marshal
  “Rooster” Cogburn in Henry Hathaway’s True Grit and explorer
  Marty McFly in Back to the Future III. The Artillery is employed
  by gunslinger “Joe” in A Fistful of Dollars, aeronaut Lee Scoresby
  in The Golden Compass, and outlaws Robert Parker and Harry
  Longabaugh in Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid. A Sheriff’s
  model is used by dentist “Doc” Holliday in Wyatt Earp and out-
  law Henry Hammond in Ride the High Country.
  Remington Model 1875, 
  .44-40 Winchester (USA, 1875-1889)
  This single-action loading-gate revolver had a 7.5” barrel.
  It was cheaper and more robust but less balanced and less
  popular than the contemporary Colt SAA (pp. 14-15). It was
  also available in .45 Long Colt (Dmg 3d-2 pi+). Some 25,000
  were made; about half of these were delivered to militaries,
  including the Egyptian and Mexican armies. A Remington in
  .44-40 was preferred by outlaw Frank James (Old West,
  p. 102) – as correctly depicted in The Assassination of Jesse
  James by the Coward Robert Ford.
  The Model 1875 is used by gunslinger Beau Dorn in
  Crossfire Trail, Sheriff Seth Bullock in Deadwood, bounty
  hunter “Angel Eyes” Sentenza in The Good, the Bad and the
  Ugly, cowboy “Boss” Spearman in Open Range, and express
  rider Louise McCloud in The Young Riders.
  Colt Model 1877 Lightning, 
  .38 Long Colt (USA, 1877-1910)
  The was Colt’s first double-action revolver, a lighter but also
  a less robust weapon than its single- or double-action Army
  revolvers. It was available in several barrel lengths; the one 
  in the table has the shortest 2.5” barrel without ejector. More
  than 166,000 were made, a huge number considering that the
  much more famous Colt SAA (pp. 14-15) sold about 270,000 in
  the same period.
  The short-barreled, always ready-to-fire Lightning was pre-
  ferred by many gunfighters in the West, often carried con-
  cealed in a pocket rather than in a holster. Outlaw John Wesley
  Hardin (Old West, pp. 101-102, and Who’s Who 2, pp. 92-93)
  carried a Lightning when he was shot in 1895. It’s used by bar-
  tender Johnny Burns in Deadwood and gunslinger William
  “Billy the Kid” Bonney in Young Guns.
  The Colt Model 1877 Thunderer (1877-1910) was the same
  gun chambered for the slightly larger .41 Long Colt: Dmg 2d-1
  pi+, Range 110/1,200, Wt. 2.6/0.24, ST 9, Bulk -2, Rcl 2, Cost
  $330. Dentist “Doc” Holliday carries one as backup in a shoul-
  der holster in Tombstone.
  Colt Model 1878 D.A., 
  .44-40 Winchester (USA, 1878-1905)
  The Colt Model 1878, also known as the Double-action
  Army (D.A.), was a loading-gate weapon almost identical in
  external appearance to the Colt Model 1873 SAA (pp. 14-15). It
  was available in a wide range of calibers and barrel lengths.
  Perhaps the most popular caliber was .44-40 Winchester. The
  one in the table has a 4.75” barrel. Famous range detective
  Tom Horn always carried a pair of these.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  15
  
  It was also made with a 2.5” barrel (Dmg 2d pi+, Acc 1, Wt.
  2.2/0.26, Bulk -1), 5.5” barrel (Dmg 2d+1 pi+, Wt. 2.65/0.26), or
  7.5” barrel (Dmg 2d+1 pi+, Wt. 2.8/0.26, Bulk -3). Optional cal-
  ibers included .38 Long Colt (Dmg 2d pi), .38-40 Winchester
  (Dmg 2d pi+), .44 Russian (Dmg 2d pi+), 10.6¥24mmR (Dmg
  2d-1 pi+), .44 S&W (Dmg 2d pi+), .45 Long Colt (Dmg 2d+1
  pi+), .455 Webley (Dmg 2d pi+), and .476 Enfield (Dmg 2d pi+).
  Some 51,000 were made in all.
  With a 6” barrel and in .45 Long Colt (Dmg 2d+1 pi+, Wt.
  2.7/0.3, Bulk -3), it was adopted as the Model of 1902 by the
  U.S. Army for service in Alaska and the Philippines. The
  M1902 featured an enlarged winter trigger guard for use
  while wearing gloves.
  The Canadian Army issued the .45-caliber version from
  1885 to 1902, using it during the North-West Rebellion and the
  Boer War. In Canadian service, the Colt .45 New Service (Pulp
  Guns 1, p. 9) eventually replaced it. 
  Webley No. 5 New Model Army Express, 
  .476 Enfield (U.K., 1878-1896)
  Webley’s Number 5 was a double-action, loading-gate
  revolver with a 5.5” barrel. The New Model Army Express was
  a direct competitor of the Colt Model 1878 (pp. 15-16); its
  bird’s head grip gave better purchase than the Colt. This was a
  popular gun in South Africa, having been adopted by the
  Transvaal government. It would also fire the .450 Adams (Dmg
  2d-1 pi+), .455 Webley (Dmg 2d pi+), and .45 Long Colt (Dmg
  2d+1 pi+) interchangeably (High-Tech, p. 178). Some were
  chambered for the .44-40 Winchester (Dmg 2d+1 pi+) instead.
  A beaten-up Webley New Model Army Express is used by
  gunslinger Paden in Silverado.
  Mauser C78 Zick-Zack, 
  9×25mmR Mauser (Germany, 1878-1881)
  Made by Paul Mauser, the Construction 1878 was a much
  better weapon than the contemporary German service side -
  arm, the Reichsrevolver 79 (below). It was nicknamed the Zick-
  Zack because of the zigzag slots in the cylinder that its
  double-action mechanism required. The gun broke open to
  reload, with the hinge on top rather than below. Ejecting all
  empty cases simultaneously required pushing the ring lever
  below the frame. Opening, ejecting, and closing takes three
  seconds, on top of the time required to insert fresh cartridges.
  The Mauser had a 5.3” barrel and was available chambered for
  a number of black-powder cartridges, including 7.6¥20mmR
  (Dmg 1d+1 pi-) and 10.6¥24mmR (Dmg 2d-1 pi+).
  Enfield Mk I, .442 Enfield (U.K., 1880-1882)
  This double-action revolver with 5.75” barrel was a classic
  English hinged-frame design. Opening it up automatically
  ejected all cases. It replaced the Adams Mk II and Mk III
  (p. 11) in British Army service. Those for service in India
  were nickel-plated to protect them against corrosion
  (Tactical Shooting, p. 76).
  The Enfield Mk II (1882-1887) was chambered for the .476
  Enfield cartridge: Dmg 2d-1(0.5) pi++, Wt. 2.8/0.33. Its soft
  lead bullet had a clay wedge in the tip, which caused it to
  expand like a hollow-point round (High-Tech, p. 166). This
  made it effective, but also led to its ban under the 1899 Hague
  Convention on Land Warfare. The Canadian Northwest
  Mounted Police (Old West, p. 99) issued the Enfield Mk II from
  1883 to 1904, until they replaced it with the Colt .45 New
  Service (Pulp Guns 1, p. 9). From 1889, the British Army grad-
  ually replaced it with the Webley Mk I (p. 17). 
  It’s used by British Army General Charles Gordon in
  Khartoum, Sergeant Jim Brett in Northwest Mounted Police,
  and Sheriff John Langston in Silverado.
  GPK Reichsrevolver 83, 
  10.6×24mmR (Germany, 1883-1897)
  The standard sidearm of German military officers during the
  late 19th century was the Reichsrevolver Modell 1883 (“Imperial
  revolver model 1883”). This committee-designed weapon was
  made by a number of German government contractors, among
  them Dreyse, Mauser, and Sauer. It was a clumsy single-action
  design with a 4.6” barrel, a loading gate on the right side, and a
  manual safety (High-Tech, p. 93). To reload, the complete cylin-
  der had to be removed and reinstalled (10 seconds). Removing a
  spent case and inserting a new cartridge took four seconds, but
  only if a suitable device was at hand to punch out the case – the
  gun lacked an ejector rod! It could fire the .44 S&W Russian car-
  tridge (Dmg 2d pi+) and vice versa (High-Tech, p. 178). The
  weapon’s replacement was the Luger P08 pistol (Pulp Guns 1,
  p. 16), although the Reichsrevolver 83 hadn’t been entirely
  phased out even in the Great War.
  The Reichsrevolver 79 (1879-1883) was a variant with a 7.1”
  barrel for cavalry troops: Dmg 2d+1 pi+, Wt. 2.8/0.33, Bulk -3.
  S&W .44 D.A. Frontier, 
  .44-40 Winchester (USA, 1886-1912)
  This break-open weapon had a 6” barrel. It was essentially
  similar to the S&W No. 3 Russian (pp. 13-14) but with a dou-
  ble-action lock. Some 15,000 were made. It could also be
  obtained in other calibers, including .38-40 Winchester (Dmg
  2d pi+) and .455 Webley (Dmg 2d pi+), but these were rare. The
  .44 D.A. in .44 Russian (Dmg 2d pi+) was much more common,
  with more than 50,000 made. Australian bushranger Charlie
  Burns uses a .38 D.A. in The Proposition.
  Bandit queen Belle Starr (Old West, p. 103) is said to have
  been buried in 1889 clutching a .44-40 Frontier, which would
  arm her handsomely if she came back as an undead in a Weird-
  West setting. Outlaw Cole Younger supposedly had given this
  revolver to her. This is unlikely considering that his liaison
  with Belle ended in 1866, and he was in prison when the gun
  became available.
  Scheufler Polizeirevolver M86, 
  .380 Short (Germany, 1886-1918)
  This cheap double-action weapon had a 2” barrel, loading
  gate, and manual safety (High-Tech, p. 93). Berlin criminal
  investigators adopted it in 1886, and the uniformed police 
  of that city did so in 1891. Soon, many other Prussian law
  enforcement agencies and prison authorities followed suit.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  16
  Always carry a firearm east of Aldgate,
  Watson.
  – Arthur Conan Doyle, 
  “The Adventure of 
  the Creeping Man”
  
  Similar revolvers were widely popular with citizens and
  authorities in Germany around the turn of the century. By the
  1910s, it was replaced by semiautomatic pistols like the FN-
  Browning Mle 1900 (p. 20) and Rheinmetall-Dreyse M07 (Pulp
  Guns 1, p. 16).
  S&W .32 Safety Hammerless, 
  .32 S&W (USA, 1888-1937)
  Known as the New Departure model at the time of its intro-
  duction, this holdout weapon was a break-open, double-action-
  only hammerless revolver. It had a 3” barrel and grip safety. 
  It could be safely carried in a pocket or even fired from within
  one (Tactical Shooting, p. 11).
  Webley Mk I, .455 Webley 
  (U.K., 1889-1895)
  This break-open double-action revolver with 4” barrel was
  adopted to replace the Enfield patterns (p. 16) as the standard
  sidearm of the British military in 1887. However, actual series
  production didn’t start until 1889. British forces acquired
  around 40,000. Civilians could buy it from 1890. Export cus-
  tomers included the Argentine army (Mod 1890).
  The Webley Mk I featured a distinctive bird’s
  head grip with lanyard ring. Opening it up auto-
  matically ejected all cases. It could fire the .450
  Adams and .476 Enfield cartridges interchange-
  ably (High-Tech, p. 178). In 1898, the .455
  Webley “Manstopper” loading was introduced
  for police, civilian, and colonial military use.
  This was one of the first hollow-point rounds
  (High-Tech, p. 166) for a handgun; it was banned
  for war service by the 1899 Hague Convention on
  Land Warfare.
  The Webley Mk II (1894-1900) was a minor
  variant (same stats); the Mk III was never
  issued. The Webley Mk IV (1899-1904) featured
  better materials and numerous internal
  changes: Cost $650. Close to 37,000 were made,
  many seeing service in the Second Anglo-Boer
  War (Steampunk, p. 121). It’s used by British
  Army Captain Scott in North West Frontier and
  magician Robert Angier in The Prestige. The
  Webley Mk VI (Pulp Guns 1, p. 12) replaced the
  Mk IV from 1915.
  The Webley-Wilkinson (1884-1914) was made
  for sale by the Wilkinson Sword Co. together with
  their swords: Dmg 2d pi+, Wt. 2.7/0.3, Cost $650.
  It had a 6” barrel. It was much better finished (+1
  to reactions; see p. 4) and a popular choice of
  British officers, who had to provide their own sidearm.
  The Webley Government (W.G.) (1886-1912), improved by
  Michael Kaufmann, was similar to the service revolver, but
  had a 6” barrel and was made for commercial sale: Dmg 2d
  pi+, Wt. 2.7/0.3, Cost $625. This was popular with British offi-
  cers. The W.G. is used by Arthur Holmwood in Francis Ford
  Coppola’s Dracula, big-game hunter Allan Quatermain in The
  League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, and Scotland Yard
  Inspector Francis Aberline in The Wolfman.
  All these guns could be reloaded with a speedloader
  (High-Tech, p. 155): $25, 0.25 lb. William Prideaux patented
  the first of his designs in 1893. It gained fame during the
  Boer War, where many British officers employed privately
  acquired speedloaders.
  Colt M1892 New Army, 
  .38 Long Colt (USA, 1892-1907)
  This double-action revolver had a swing-out cylinder and
  a 6” barrel. Most military weapons had a lanyard ring. The
  U.S. Army adopted it as the Model of 1892 to replace the Colt
  M1873 SAA (pp. 14-15). Some 68,500 were acquired. During
  the Spanish-American War, Lieutenant Colonel Theodore
  Roosevelt (Who’s Who 2, pp. 96-97) used one of these in 1898
  when leading the attack that, long after his death, earned him
  the Medal of Honor. The U.S. Navy issued an almost identi-
  cal weapon as the Model of 1889.
  The revolver was offered commercially as the New Army &
  Navy. Foreign users included the Argentine navy. In U.S. serv-
  ice, the Colt M1911 pistol (Pulp Guns 1, p. 17) eventually
  replaced these revolvers.
  Special Agent Tom Sawyer armed himself with twin
  M1892s in The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen. U.S. Army
  lieutenants Bill Canavan and Terence McCool use it with stag-
  handle grips in The Real Glory.
  Colt New Pocket, .32 Long Colt (USA, 1893-1905)
  This was the first double-action pocket revolver by Colt’s.
  It had a 2.5” barrel and a swing-out cylinder. Some 31,000
  were made.
  Colt New Police, .32 Long Colt (USA, 1896-1907)
  The New Police was supposedly designed for the New York
  Police Department. Certainly, that agency was the first and
  most prominent user of the weapon, until the department
  replaced it with more effective .38-caliber Colt models starting
  in 1908. The New Police had a 4” barrel and a swing-out cylin-
  der. Almost 50,000 were made.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  17
  Smokeless Ammunition
  In 1886, the first smokeless ammunition was introduced, for the
  Lebel Mle 1886 military rifle (p. 32). This important TL6 invention
  finally did away with the acrid smoke clouds generated by black-pow-
  der weapons after even a few shots, allowing for a better view of the
  target and preventing immediate exposure of the shooter’s position –
  see Black Powder Guns (Tactical Shooting, p. 16).
  However, the guncotton- or nitro-based smokeless propellants also
  generated higher pressures when fired – pressures for which many
  older weapons weren’t built. Firing smokeless ammunition in a black-
  powder gun would often led to a catastrophic explosion (p. B407) in
  the breech or barrel, ruining the weapon. An 18 on the attack roll when
  using such ammo means the gun explodes, inflicting 1d-2 cr ex on the
  firer. There’s no minimum damage; shooters often escaped unscathed.
  By the 1890s, manufacturers slowly adjusted to the new smokeless
  propellants. The most eager to convert were the world’s militaries,
  which quickly introduced handguns, rifles, and machine guns suitable
  for smokeless ammunition. The civilian market was slower. The Colt
  .45 SAA revolver (pp. 14-15) was not offered as suitable for smokeless
  ammo until 1897. Many shotgun makers didn’t provide nitro-proof
  guns until after the turn of the 20th century.
  
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  18
  Revolvers Table
  See pp. B268-271 and High-Tech, p. 79 for an explanation of the statistics.
  GUNS (PISTOL) (DX-4 or most other Guns at -2)
  TL Weapon
  Damage
  Acc
  Range
  Weight
  RoF Shots
  ST
  Bulk
  Rcl Cost
  LC
  Notes
  5
  Allen Pepperbox, .31 Caplock
  1d+1 pi-
  1
  30/330
  1.8/0.042
  3
  6(20i)
  8
  -1
  2
  $150
  3
  [1, 2]
  5
  Colt No. 5 Holster Model, .36 Caplock
  2d-1 pi
  2
  90/1,000
  2.8/0.07
  1
  5(20i)
  9
  -2
  2
  $400
  3
  [1, 2]
  5
  Mariette Poivrière, 12mm Caplock
  2d pi+
  1
  110/1,200
  1.7/0.1
  3
  4(60i)
  9
  -2
  3
  $500
  3
  [1, 2]
  5
  Colt M1847 Walker, .44 Caplock
  2d+2 pi+
  2
  110/1,200
  4.7/0.15
  1
  5(10i)
  11
  -3
  3
  $550
  3
  [2, 3]
  5
  Colt M1848 Dragoon, .44 Caplock
  2d+1 pi+
  2
  100/1,100
  4.2/0.14
  1
  5(10i)
  10
  -3
  2
  $450
  3
  [1, 2]
  5
  Wesson & Leavitt Dragoon, .40 Caplock
  2d-1 pi+
  2
  100/1,100
  4.2/0.1
  1
  6(20i)
  10
  -3
  2
  $400
  3
  [2, 3]
  5
  Colt Model 1849 Pocket, .31 Caplock
  1d+1 pi-
  1
  90/1,100
  1.5/0.05
  1
  6(20i)
  8
  -1
  2
  $250
  3
  [1, 2]
  5
  Colt M1851 Navy, .36 Caplock
  2d-1 pi
  2
  90/1,000
  2.9/0.08
  1
  6(10i)
  9
  -2
  2
  $275
  3
  [1, 2]
  5
  Cogswell Improved Revolving Pistol, 
  2d-1 pi
  1
  90/1,000
  1.9/0.12
  3
  9(20i)
  8
  -2
  2
  $300
  3
  [1, 2]
  .38 Caplock
  5
  Beaumont-Adams Mk I, .442 Caplock
  1d+2 pi+
  2
  100/1,100
  2.5/0.11
  3
  6(10i)
  10
  -2
  3
  $250
  3
  [1]
  5
  Lefaucheux Mle 1854, 12¥16mm
  1d+2 pi+
  2
  100/1,100
  2.3/0.3
  1
  6(3i)
  9
  -2
  2
  $270
  3
  5
  LeMat Grape Shot Revolver, .42 Caplock
  2d-1 pi+
  2
  60/700
  3.7/0.16
  1
  9(20i)
  11
  -3
  3
  $250
  3
  [1]
  5
  Starr M1858 Army, .44 Caplock
  2d pi+
  1
  100/1,100
  3.1/0.14
  3
  6(10i)
  10
  -3
  3
  $500
  3
  [1, 2]
  5
  S&W No. 1, .22 Short
  1d-1 pi-
  2
  50/550
  1/0.04
  1
  7(4i)
  7
  -1
  2
  $280
  3
  [2]
  5
  Savage M1859 Navy, .36 Caplock
  2d-1 pi
  2
  90/1,000
  3.6/0.08
  1
  6(10i)
  10
  -2
  2
  $250
  3
  [1, 2]
  5
  Colt M1860 Army, .44 Caplock
  2d pi+
  2
  100/1,100
  2.9/0.14
  1
  6(10i)
  10
  -3
  3
  $400
  3
  [1, 2]
  5
  Remington New Model Army, .44 Caplock
  2d pi+
  2
  100/1,100
  2.9/0.14
  1
  6(10i)
  10
  -3
  3
  $200
  3
  [1]
  5
  Rupertus Model 8 Pepperbox, .22 Short
  1d-1 pi-
  1
  50/600
  1.5/0.043
  1
  8(3i)
  8
  -1
  2
  $130
  3
  [2]
  5
  Reid’s My Friend, .22 Short
  1d-1 pi-
  0
  50/600
  0.5/0.041
  3
  7(4i)
  6
  -1
  2
  $105
  3
  [2]
  5
  Webley RIC No. 1, .442 RIC
  1d+2 pi+
  2
  110/1,200
  2.2/0.26
  3
  6(3i)
  9
  -2
  3
  $350
  3
  5
  Tranter Man-Stopper, .577 Boxer
  2d+2 pi++
  1
  130/1,400
  3.4/0.48
  3
  5(4i)
  11
  -3
  4
  $750
  3
  5
  Colt .41 House Pistol, .41 Short
  1d pi+
  1
  60/650
  1/0.1
  1
  4(3i)
  7
  -1
  2
  $200
  3
  [2]
  5
  S&W No. 3 Russian, .44 Russian
  2d pi+
  2
  120/1,300
  2.9/0.3
  1
  6(2i)
  10
  -2
  3
  $355
  3
  5
  Colt .44 Open Top, .44 Henry
  2d pi+
  2
  100/1,100
  2.7/0.27
  1
  6(3i)
  10
  -2
  3
  $250
  3
  [2]
  5
  Webley No. 2 British Bull Dog, .450 Adams
  1d+2 pi+
  1
  110/1,200
  1.1/0.23
  3
  5(3i)
  9
  -1
  3
  $260
  3
  5
  Dolne Revolver Combine, 7¥15mm 
  1d pi-
  0
  60/700
  0.9/0.09
  3
  6(4i)
  7
  -2
  2
  $200
  3
  [2]
  5
  Chamelot-Delvigne Mle 1873, 11¥17mmR
  1d pi+
  2
  100/1,100
  2.7/0.2
  3
  6(4i)
  9
  -2
  2
  $300
  3
  5
  Colt M1873 SAA, .45 LC
  3d-2 pi+
  2
  120/1,300
  2.8/0.3
  1
  6(3i)
  11
  -3
  4
  $350
  3
  [2]
  5
  Remington Model 1875, .44-40 Winchester
  2d+1 pi+
  2
  120/1,300
  3/0.26
  1
  6(3i)
  10
  -3
  3
  $210
  3
  [2]
  6
  Colt Model 1877 Lightning, .38 LC
  2d-1 pi
  1
  100/1,100
  2.5/0.2
  3
  6(4i)
  9
  -1
  2
  $310
  3
  [2]
  6
  Colt Model 1878 D.A., .44-40 Winchester
  2d+1 pi+
  2
  120/1,300
  2.7/0.26
  3
  6(3i)
  10
  -2
  3
  $450
  3
  6
  Webley No. 5 New Model Army Express, 
  2d pi+
  2
  120/1,300
  2.7/0.33
  3
  6(3i)
  10
  -2
  3
  $500
  3
  .476 Enfield
  6
  Mauser C78 Zick-Zack, 9¥25mmR Mauser
  2d pi
  2
  110/1,200
  1.9/0.3
  3
  6(2i)
  8
  -2
  2
  $400
  3
  6
  Enfield Mk I, .442 Enfield
  2d-1 pi+
  2
  120/1,300
  2.8/0.26
  3
  6(2i)
  10
  -2
  3
  $300
  3
  6
  GPK Reichsrevolver 83, 10.6¥24mmR
  2d pi+
  2
  110/1,200
  2.4/0.33
  1
  6(4i)
  9
  -2
  2
  $250
  3
  6
  S&W .44 D.A. Frontier, .44-40 Winchester
  2d+1 pi+
  2
  120/1,300
  2.3/0.26
  3
  6(2i)
  10
  -2
  3
  $400
  3
  [2]
  6
  Scheufler Polizeirevolver M86, .380 Short
  1d+2 pi
  1
  90/1,000
  1.3/0.15
  3
  6(4i)
  7
  -1
  2
  $150
  3
  6
  S&W .32 Safety Hammerless, .32 S&W
  1d+2 pi
  0
  90/1,000
  1.3/0.17
  3
  5(2i)
  7
  -1
  2
  $350
  3
  [2]
  6
  Webley Mk I, .455 Webley
  2d pi+
  2
  120/1,300
  2.5/0.3
  1
  6(2i)
  10
  -2
  3
  $570
  3
  6
  Colt M1892 New Army, .38 LC
  2d-1 pi
  2
  110/1,200
  2.5/0.2
  3
  6(2i)
  9
  -2
  2
  $350
  3
  6
  Colt New Pocket, .32 LC
  1d+1 pi
  1
  90/1,000
  1/0.12
  3
  6(2i)
  7
  -1
  2
  $310
  3
  [2]
  6
  Colt New Police, .32 LC
  1d+2 pi
  2
  90/1,000
  1.2/0.12
  3
  6(2i)
  7
  -2
  2
  $330
  3
  [2]
  6
  Webley Mk III M&P, .38 S&W
  1d+2 pi
  2
  100/1,100
  2.2/0.21
  3
  6(2i)
  7
  -2
  2
  $300
  3
  Notes
  [1] Unreliable. Malfunctions on 16+ (see p. B407).
  [2] No lanyard ring (High-Tech, p. 154).
  [3] Very Unreliable. Malfunctions on 15+ (see p. B407).
  Webley Mk III M&P, .38 S&W (U.K., 1896-1939)
  Webley’s Mark III Military and Police model was a break-
  open double-action revolver with a 4” barrel, essentially a
  smaller version of its army patterns (p. 16). The same gun was
  also available in .32 S&W (Dmg 1d+1 pi). It was widely used by
  police forces, post-office clerks, and bank guards in the British
  Empire, including in Australia, Canada, and India.
  
  SEMIAUTOMATIC PISTOLS
  [In 1903,] Lee Christmas was in his glory. With a rifle under
  his leg, twin Luger automatics holstered on his thighs, ban-
  doliers across his shoulders, he rode at the side of General
  [Saturnino] Medal.
  – Eugene Cunningham, Triggernometry
  The first semiautomatic handguns were introduced in the
  1890s. Initially, these TL6 innovations didn’t have much suc-
  cess. Most shooters stuck to their trusted revolvers; semiauto-
  matic pistols were the mark of the progress-minded. After the
  turn of the century, self-loading pistols became quickly popu-
  lar, especially in continental Europe and East Asia.
  Borchardt C93, 7.63×25mm Borchardt 
  (Germany, 1893-1898)
  The Construction 1893 developed by Hugo Borchardt and
  made by Ludwig Loewe of Berlin was one of the first self-load-
  ing pistols. It had a 7.5” barrel and a toggle-lock action similar
  to that of the later Luger pistol (p. 20). It fed from a detachable
  magazine in the grip. The cartridge was interchangeable
  (High-Tech, p. 178) with the later 7.63¥25mm Mauser, but
  slightly weaker. Loewe made some 1,100 until that company
  merged with DWM, which made a further 2,000.
  The single-action C93 was a bulky and clumsy weapon,
  making it difficult to shoot one-handed (-1 on Guns (Pistol)
  skill). Most people used it as a takedown carbine – which
  requires Guns (Rifle) skill – as it was delivered with a 0.9-lb.
  detachable pistol stock (High-Tech, p. 160). The stock featured
  a leather holster and allowed the weapon to be carried on the
  belt or saddle ring. Other standard accessories were three
  spare magazines and a cleaning kit (High-Tech, p. 160). All
  these items would fit in a green velvet-lined presentation case
  ($125), which many customers bought.
  By 1895, at least one was made that could also be fired full
  automatic as a machine pistol. This requires Guns (SMG) skill:
  RoF 22, ST 10, Rcl 3. This didn’t enter production.
  Bergmann Nr.3, 6.5×22mm Bergmann 
  (Germany, 1896-1903)
  This single-action weapon was designed by Louis
  Schmeisser and actually produced by Valerian Schilling for
  Theodor Bergmann. The Nummer 3 was a relatively ungainly
  weapon, with 4.4” barrel and an internal magazine in front of
  the trigger. To load, the magazine cover on the right side was
  pivoted down, and a five-round en bloc clip (High-Tech, p. 245)
  was inserted. A hollow-point round (Dmg 1d+2(0.5) pi) was
  available, but even so, the cartridge was unimpressive. The
  design was unreliable, with faulty feeding from the magazine
  and frequent breakage of the firing pin. Some 4,000 were made
  and exported worldwide, including to South and North America.
  One of these was used in the 1909 Tottenham Outrage, a free-
  for-all firefight with wanted criminals in London.
  In Big Jake, Michael McCandles has a pistol shaped like this
  – except that he claims it’s the model of 1911! That gun is a fic-
  tional prop (Gun Fu, p. 39); there never was a Bergmann
  Modell 1911.
  Bergmann Nr.5, 7.8×22mm Bergmann 
  (Germany, 1897-1903)
  Since its previous models couldn’t attract military sales,
  Bergmann introduced a new pattern using a slightly different
  action and a more powerful cartridge. It featured a detach-
  able magazine but could also be topped up with five-round
  stripper clips. However, this weapon was as unsuccessful as
  its predecessors.
  Mauser C96, 7.63×25mm Mauser 
  (Germany, 1897-1943)
  The single-action Construction 1896 was the first commer-
  cially and operationally successful semiautomatic pistol. The
  shape of its grip later earned it the nickname “the Broomhan-
  dle” in America. In Germany, it was simply known as the
  Mauser-Pistole.
  Around the turn of the 20th century, the biggest users of the
  Mauser were the Italian marines, who had acquired 5,000 as
  the Mod 99. South Africa bought a small number in 1898, the
  Boer commandos making excellent use of it against the
  British. The Belgians issued it to their colonial troops in the
  Congo. The Ottoman army adopted it as the Mdl 1314.
  More were sold commercially, including to many British offi-
  cers. Lieutenant Winston Churchill (Who’s Who 2, pp. 102-103)
  used one as a war correspondent in the Sudan in 1898 and the
  Anglo-Boer War in 1899, praising it loudly. Churchill had two
  extra breast pockets sewn onto his tunic to take spare clips.
  Some Texas Rangers (Old West, p. 93) also employed it around
  that time. Archaeologist T.E. Lawrence carried one while wan-
  dering alone through Syria in 1909. In 1911, Mauser pistols were
  used by two Latvian anarchists in London’s infamous Siege of
  Sidney Street to hold off over 200 policemen and soldiers com-
  manded by Home Secretary Winston Churchill himself. In
  Russia and Central Asia, bandits and assassins were called
  mauserist in reference to their preferred armament.
  The C96 had a 5.5” barrel and an integral 10-round maga-
  zine loaded with a charger clip. It couldn’t carry an extra round
  in the chamber (High-Tech, p. 88). The bolt closed and
  stripped the top round off the magazine as the clip was with-
  drawn. Exactly 189 were made with a lengthened magazine
  holding 20 rounds (1897-1907): Wt. 3/0.4, Shots 20(5), Cost
  $500. This pattern was loaded with two 10-round clips.
  Most came with a detachable 1.3-lb. wooden pistol stock
  (High-Tech, p. 160). This was hollow to allow the gun to be
  stored inside, and served as a belt holster. Removing the pis-
  tol from within the stock takes two Ready maneuvers.
  Attaching the stock to the pistol takes another three seconds.
  Firing it with the stock requires Guns (Rifle) skill.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  19
  Then I drew my Mauser pistol – a ripper – and cocked it . . . I pulled into a trot 
  and rode up to individuals firing my pistol in their faces . . .
  – Winston Churchill, letter from 1898
  
  From 1908 to 1915, the C96 was available in 9¥25mm
  Mauser (Dmg 3d-1 pi) – specifically for export to users in
  Africa and South America.
  The C96 is used by gunslingers in Joe Kidd and The Great
  Silence.
  FN-Browning Mle 1900, 
  .32 ACP (Belgium, 1900-1911)
  This was John Browning’s first successful pistol design,
  made under his direction by Fabrique Nationale in Belgium
  and exported worldwide. The single-action weapon introduced
  the .32 ACP cartridge and made popular the concept of the
  hammerless semiautomatic pocket pistol. More than 720,000
  were made. In the early years of the 20th century, it was
  adopted by forward-thinking police agencies like the Berlin
  Kriminalpolizei and Shanghai Municipal Police (GURPS
  Martial Arts: Fairbairn Close Combat Systems, p. 21).
  From 1901, U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt (Who’s Who
  2, pp. 96-97) kept a heavily decorated example in the White
  House for protection. German explorer Paul Graetz took one
  along when he crossed Africa in his custom-made Gaggenau
  automobile in 1907-1908. In 1909, Japanese Prince Itou
  Hirobumi was assassinated with such a weapon. The Browning
  was also popular with Communist revolutionaries in Russia.
  Luger Parabellum, 7.65×21mm Parabellum
  (Germany, 1900-1930)
  Georg Luger’s Parabellum pistol (Latin for “for war”) was
  single-action and exceptionally easy to point and shoot.
  Unfortunately, its toggle-joint action was susceptible to jams. It
  was quickly adopted by several militaries, including in Brazil
  (M906), Bulgaria (obr. 1900g and obr. 1906g), Portugal (M/909
  and M/910), and Switzerland (P 00 and P 06). More than
  45,000 were made. Many of these were for commercial sale in
  the United States, where it was marketed as the “American
  Eagle” and its caliber dubbed “.30 Luger.”
  The Parabellum had a 4.75” barrel. From 1902 to 1920, it was
  also available with an 11.75” barrel: Dmg 3d pi-, Acc 3, Range
  170/1,800, Wt. 3.2/0.5, ST 9, Bulk -3, Cost $850/$26. Due to the
  increased weight of the barrel, it required an extra-powerful
  round (High-Tech, p. 165) to function properly; ordinary pistol
  ammo worsens Malf. to 15 and Dmg to 2d pi-. The long-barreled
  pistol came with a 1-lb. detachable pistol stock (High-Tech,
  p. 160), which requires Guns (Rifle) skill to use when fitted.
  Only some 2,500 were made. Former U.S. President Theodore
  Roosevelt received one of these as a gift from Kaiser Wilhelm II
  when the president visited Germany in 1910.
  In 1902, a new model introduced the 9¥19mm Parabellum
  cartridge. The German navy adopted a variant with a 6” bar-
  rel as the Pistole 1904 (1904-1920), or P04: Dmg 2d+2 pi,
  Range 160/1,800, Wt. 2.5/0.5, Cost $700/$26. Some 30,000
  were made for the Kriegsmarine, plus 2,500 for commercial
  sale. Each German U-Boot carried 24 of these pistols for raids
  and boarding.
  Steyr-Roth M.7, 8×19mm Roth 
  (Austria, 1907-1914)
  This double-action hammerless pistol with a 5” barrel was
  designed by Georg Roth. The Steyr and FÉG arsenals made it
  in quantity in Austria and Hungary. The Pistole Modell 1907
  (M.7) was first adopted by the cavalry troops of the Austro-
  Hungarian empire. More than 90,000 were made. The pistol
  had an integral magazine in the grip, which was loaded with a
  10-round stripper clip.
  SHOTGUNS
  The only weapon available to those unskilled in the art of
  fast draw and professional pistol marksmanship that could
  effectively neutralize a typical western gunfighter was the dou-
  ble-barrel shotgun.
  – Thomas Swearengen, The World’s Fighting Shotguns
  Historically, the TL5 shotgun was not a combat weapon. Its
  short range made it inferior to the musket and rifle, and its size
  and weight didn’t lend itself to everyday carry like a handgun.
  It was primarily used for hunting fowl and other small, fast
  animals. Occasionally, it doubled as a close-quarters fighting
  tool, especially in the Wild West. Shotguns used for combat
  usually had shorter barrels to make them handier – see The
  Coach Gun (p. 21). Double-barreled shotguns with double trig-
  gers allow both barrels to be fired simultaneously at no
  penalty; this effectively doubles RoF.
  In the 19th century, many more gauges were in common
  use than today. The most popular in the Wild West was 10-
  gauge, until it was superseded by 12-gauge around the turn of
  the century.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  20
  Semiautomatic Pistols Table
  See pp. B268-271 and High-Tech, p. 79, for an explanation of the statistics.
  GUNS (PISTOL) (DX-4 or most other Guns at -2)
  TL Weapon
  Damage
  Acc
  Range
  Weight
  RoF
  Shots
  ST
  Bulk
  Rcl
  Cost
  LC Notes
  6
  Borchardt C93, 7.65¥25mm
  2d+2 pi-
  2
  180/2,000
  3.1/0.3
  3
  8+1(3)
  9
  -3
  2
  $750
  3
  [1]
  6
  Bergmann Nr.3, 6.5¥22mm
  1d+2 pi-
  2
  120/1,300
  2/0.1
  3
  5(5)
  8
  -2
  2
  $450
  3
  [2]
  6
  Bergmann Nr.5, 7.8¥22mm
  2d-1 pi
  2
  120/1,300
  2.5/0.1
  3
  5(5)
  9
  -2
  2
  $500
  3
  6
  Mauser C96, 7.63¥25mm
  3d-1 pi-
  2
  180/2,000
  2.7/0.2
  3
  10(3)
  9
  -3
  2
  $480
  3
  6
  FN-Browning Mle 1900, .32 ACP
  2d-1 pi-
  1
  120/1,300
  1.5/0.2
  3
  7+1(3)
  7
  -1
  2
  $200/$26
  3
  [1]
  6
  Luger Parabellum, 7.65¥21mm
  2d pi-
  2
  160/1,800
  2.3/0.5
  3
  8+1(3)
  9
  -2
  2
  $550/$26
  3
  [2]
  6
  Steyr-Roth M.7, 8¥19mm
  2d+1 pi
  2
  160/1,800
  2.5/0.23
  3
  10(3)
  9
  -2
  2
  $600
  3
  Notes
  [1] No lanyard ring (High-Tech, p. 154).
  [2] Unreliable. Malfunctions on 16+ (see p. B407).
  
  Many of the shotgun cartridges of the era were all-metal, not
  the modern paper- or plastic-hulled type (see Cased and Light
  Cased, respectively, both on p. 164 of High-Tech). This made
  them impervious to moisture and allowed reloading (High-Tech,
  p. 174), which was useful on the frontier or on an exploration in
  the Congo or along the Amazon. This also meant that the shells
  were heavier. Shotgunners often bought empty shells and loaded
  them themselves; preloaded shells were not common until the
  1880s. Paper shells were available from at least 1869, but ini-
  tially rare compared to brass shells. All weights in this supple-
  ment assume shotgun shells with metal cases unless noted
  otherwise. Also see the Ammunition Tables (pp. 44-45).
  Colt Model 1855, 20G Caplock (USA, 1856-1864)
  This shotgun used the muzzleloading, single-action Colt
  revolver design, giving the shooter five shots instead of the two
  available at the time from a double-barreled gun. Reloading
  was slow, however. While scarce (only a few hundred were
  made), it would make a nice new-fangled gun for an American
  Civil War-period adventurer.
  This gun was prone to chain-firing (p. 9), which was partic-
  ularly dangerous here. The shooter’s off-hand, grasping the
  weapon in front of the cylinder, would be hit by at least one
  shot, if not several!
  Roper Repeating Shotgun, 
  12G 2.625” (USA, 1867-1879)
  This was the first repeating shotgun using
  cartridges. It had a 28” barrel, a revolving mag-
  azine that was filled from the top through a
  hinged loading gate, and a shield to prevent
  damage to the off-hand in case of a (rather
  unlikely) chain fire (p. 9). The external hammer
  had to be cocked manually before each shot.
  The hammer was unfortunately large and actu-
  ally obscured the view of the target, preventing
  aimed shots. The Roper had a screw-in choke
  (p. 22), allowing the firer to use it with or with-
  out choke. Adding or removing the choke takes
  six Ready maneuvers.
  Parker Lifter, 10G 2.875” 
  (USA, 1869-1907)
  The Parker Brothers produced double-bar-
  reled hammer guns for shooters with more
  refined tastes. The basic version of the so-called
  Lifter model, with 30” choked, laminated barrel,
  is in the table. Its most expensive variant – with
  Damascus barrels, choice English walnut stock,
  extensive engraving, and even gold inlays – cost
  five times as much (+2 to reactions; see p. 4).
  The weapon was also available in 12-gauge 2.5”:
  Dmg 1d+1 pi, Wt. 8.2/0.24, RoF 2¥8, ST 10†, Rcl 1/5, Cost
  $1,100. Special-order guns could be made in 8-gauge 3.25”:
  Dmg 2d-1 pi, Wt. 13.9/0.38, RoF 2¥15, ST 13†, Bulk -7, Cost
  $1,950. More than 25,000 Parker Lifter guns were made.
  Eclipse Meteor, 10G 2.875” (USA, 1871-1900)
  Although actually made by Henri Pieper of Belgium, this
  cheap, double-barreled shotgun was sold mainly by mail order
  under the trade name Eclipse in the United States. The Meteor
  had 30” choked barrels, external hammers, and double trig-
  gers. It lacked ejectors.
  Gunslinger “Doc” Holliday carried a Meteor as a backup
  gun. It had the stock whittled down to a pistol grip and the bar-
  rels sawed off to about 10”: Acc 2, Wt. 7.3/0.28, ST 14†, Bulk -3,
  Rcl 1/8. A sling ring (Tactical Shooting, p. 71) was added at the
  point of balance on top of the barrels. When worn under a coat
  or jacket with a sling, the barrels would automatically swivel
  up once the overgarment was opened, giving +1 to Fast-Draw
  (Long Arm). Whether Holliday had it with him at the O.K.
  Corral (Old West, pp. 105-107) is disputed; he probably used a
  less sophisticated coach gun (see below) obtained from the
  local Wells, Fargo office.
  A similar sawed-off gun is reported to have been the favorite
  weapon of Orrin “Old Port” Rockwell, enforcer of the Danite
  Society (the “Avenging Angels” mentioned prominently in the
  Sherlock Holmes story “A Study in Scarlet”).
  Remington-Whitmore Hammer Lifter, 
  12G 2.5” (USA, 1873-1878)
  This double-barreled, break-open, breechloading shotgun
  had 30” choked, laminated barrels, exposed hammers, and no
  ejectors. Some 5,600 were made. The finer grades fitted their
  owner better – consider buying a Weapon Bond (High-Tech,
  p. 250) – and lasted longer. Twice the cost obtained a decorated
  weapon (+1 to reactions; see p. 4).
  Loomis IXL No. 15, 12G 2.5” (U.K., 1875-1887)
  Although marked and sold under the name of F.A. Loomis
  in the United States, this double-barreled hammer gun was
  actually made by Joseph Bourne in England. These hunting
  weapons were cheap and widely available. They had unchoked,
  laminated 30” barrels; double triggers; and automatic extrac-
  tors. An unloaded coach gun (see above) with sawed-off barrels
  was famously carried by road agent Charles “Black Bart the
  Po8” Boles (Old West, p. 103).
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  21
  The Coach Gun
  These guns are prime favorites with sheriffs, deputy sheriffs, United
  States marshals and officers of the law generally, and if they get the drop
  on you with one of them it’s a case of throw up your hands, no matter
  how much sand you may have got. They are very handy, and you can
  stow them away under the seat of a buggy with ease. Wells, Fargo’s mes-
  sengers all carry them, and at a short range they beat rifles and six-shoot-
  ers all to Hades.
  – Anonymous, “Frontier Weapons” 
  The coach gun takes its name from the shotguns carried by the
  armed guard “riding shotgun” on a stagecoach. These weapons invari-
  ably had their barrels sawed off to about 18-20” for better maneuver-
  ability. They usually retained their shoulder stocks, however. See The
  Sawed-Off Shotgun (High-Tech, p. 106) for converting any of the full-
  length weapons described in this supplement into a coach or riot gun.
  Sawing off the barrels also removes any chokes the weapon might have
  possessed, widening its pattern at close range; see Shotgun Chokes
  (p. 22). While many coach guns were sawed-off after purchase, some
  were delivered with short barrels from the maker.
  
  Greener Facile Princeps, 
  10G 2.875” (U.K., 1876-1939)
  This double-barreled weapon was the first hammerless
  shotgun – dropping the barrels down automatically cocked the
  internal strikers. It typically had 30” choked barrels. From
  1880 on, the gun was fitted with automatic ejectors; before
  then, it had Shots 2(3i). The cost in the table is for the plainest
  version, whose excellent workmanship still rates +1 to reac-
  tions (see p. 4). Twice the cost buys a finely engraved gun,
  resulting in +2 to reactions.
  Stevens Model 1877, 10G 2.875”(USA, 1877-1882)
  The Stevens Model 1877 was a double-barreled hammer
  gun with a unique triple trigger – the third trigger forward of
  the normal two triggers was used to open the gun. It came with
  30” unchoked barrels and automatic extractors. Twice the cost
  gives a decorated weapon (+1 to reactions; see p. 4). A sawed-
  off coach gun (p. 21) is used by dentist “Doc” Holliday in the
  O.K. Corral fight in Wyatt Earp.
  Remington Model 1878 Heavy Duck Gun, 
  10G 2.875” (USA, 1878-1882)
  This double-barreled hammer gun had unchoked 30” 
  barrels and no extractors. The finest factory version, with
  engraving and checkered English walnut stock, costs double
  (+1 to reactions; see p. 4). Some 2,500 were made.
  Colt Model 1878, 12G 2.625” (USA, 1878-1889)
  This good-quality double-barreled shotgun had exposed
  hammers. It was relatively expensive, and only 22,700 were
  made. It had 30” barrels (available both choked and
  unchoked) and external hammers. It lacked automatic shell
  ejectors. It was also available in 10-gauge 2.875”: Dmg 2d-1
  pi, Wt. 10.3/0.28, RoF 2¥11, ST 12†, Rcl 1/7, Cost $1,100. The
  finest factory version, with engraving and
  choice furniture, cost 2.5 times as much (+1
  to reactions; see p. 4). A number were made
  as coach guns (p. 21) with unchoked 18” bar-
  rels: Wt. 9/0.28, Bulk -4.
  A coach version is used by Pinkerton detec-
  tive Byron McElroy in James Mangold’s 3:10
  to Yuma, Sheriff John Chance in Rio Bravo,
  “Old Man” Phillips in Rio Lobo, and lawman
  Wyatt Earp in Wyatt Earp.
  W. Richards Hammer Gun, 
  10G 2.875” (Belgium, 1880-1900)
  Named in an attempt to lure buyers into
  thinking this was a genuine Westley Richards
  gun from the famous English maker, this was
  actually a cheap double-barreled hammer gun
  made in Belgium. Many thousands were
  imported to the United States and sold
  through mail-order companies such as Sears,
  Roebuck. Outlaw William Munny uses a
  sawed-off coach gun (p. 21) in Unforgiven.
  Spencer Model 1882, 
  12G 2.625” (USA, 1882-1890)
  Designed by Christopher Spencer, this
  was the first pump-action shotgun ever
  made. More expensive and malfunction-
  prone than the traditional double-barreled
  guns of the time, it was slow to find commer-
  cial success. A hammerless design, it fea-
  tured an underbarrel tube magazine and a
  choked 30” barrel. Some 20,000 were made.
  The U.S. Army bought 240 in 1885. It can be
  seen carried by a deputy in James Mangold’s
  3:10 to Yuma.
  The Bannerman Model 1896 (1896-1900)
  was the same weapon with different markings.
  When Spencer closed its doors and Bannerman bought its
  assets, parts were still in storage for around 3,000 guns.
  Francis Bannerman had them assembled and sold them under
  his own name. The Ohio State Police adopted this gun around
  the turn of the 20th century. Despite its late date, it wasn’t safe
  for smokeless ammunition (p. 17).
  Colt Model 1883, 12G 2.625” (USA, 1883-1895)
  This hammerless double-barreled gun was one of the finest
  – and most expensive – American shotguns available in the
  19th century. Only 7,366 were made. Most were chambered for
  12-gauge shells and had choked 30” barrels. However, the
  weapon could be ordered in any gauge and with any barrel.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  22
  Shotgun Chokes
  Shotgun chokes constrict the barrel of a shotgun at the muzzle. First
  patented in 1866 and popular by the late 1870s, they were developed to
  better control the pattern of a shotgun blast. This increases effective range
  (which is not the same as 1/2D range). By constricting the barrel at the
  muzzle, the pellets of a multiple-projectile load scatter less quickly and
  less widely.
  The following optional rules can be used for choked guns. Chokes are
  normally used with shot that is smaller than buckshot; see Shot Sizes
  (High-Tech, p. 173).
  • Unchoked barrels have no constriction at all (this is also called a
  cylinder choke). This is the baseline assumption for all shotguns in
  GURPS. All coach and riot guns (p. 21) automatically have cylinder
  bores, as does any shotgun with a sawed-off barrel; most other guns can
  be ordered without choke. Only cylinder-bored guns can fire slugs with-
  out losing their Acc bonus.
  • Choked barrels are constricted at the muzzle. Numerous grades are
  available, including modified and full chokes. For simplicity, these are all
  treated the same. Maximum constriction during the 19th century is full
  choke, with the barrel’s bore narrowed by about 5%. “Extremely close
  range” (p. B409) for a choked barrel is 20% of 1/2D range, rather than
  10%. Beyond this range, subtract 1 from effective Guns skill, but multiply
  the number of hits scored by 1.5 (cannot exceed the number of pellets
  fired). Most full-bore specialty ammunition (High-Tech, p. 103) is incom-
  patible with a choke.
  By the late 19th century, most hunting guns had chokes of some
  kind. The chokes of the time couldn’t be changed after manufacture,
  except by sawing off the barrel (High-Tech, p. 106). The only exception
  to this was the Roper Repeating Shotgun (p. 21), which had a screw-in
  choke like some modern guns, but that weapon didn’t meet with com-
  mercial success.
  
  U.S. President Grover Cleveland bought, as a one-off, the
  largest shotgun Colt ever made. It was in 8-gauge 3.25” and
  had 34” barrels: Dmg 2d-1 pi, Wt. 12.4/0.38, RoF 2¥15, ST 13†,
  Bulk -7, Rcl 1/8, Cost $2,500. Even the plainest version offered
  was engraved and featured Damascus barrels (+1 to reactions;
  see p. 4). The most expensive pattern available cost four times
  as much (+2 to reactions).
  H&H Paradox Gun, 12G 2.5” (U.K., 1886-1930)
  The double-barreled Paradox gun was invented by George
  Fosbery and made by Holland and Holland. It combined the
  accuracy and force of the heavy rifle with the lightness and
  handiness of the shotgun. Chambered for standard shotgun
  cartridges, its barrels featured shallow rifling in the muzzle
  area. This allowed effective use with full-bore lead balls instead
  of rifled slugs (High-Tech, p. 166). Because of this, it had no
  chokes. When firing ball, use Dmg 4d+1 pi++, Acc 4, Range
  70/750, RoF 2, Rcl 5. It was hammerless and featured shell
  ejectors. Some 1,500 of these effective but luxurious and
  expensive guns were made, primarily for big-game hunters in
  Africa and Asia. They were invariably well-finished (+3 to reac-
  tions; see p. 4), but not safe for smokeless ammunition (p. 17). 
  A Paradox gun is used by aesthete Tristan Ludlow in Legends
  of the Fall and Sir John Talbot in The Wolfman.
  Crescent Hammer Gun, 
  12G 2.5” (USA, 1888-1895)
  The Crescent Hammer Gun was a cheap double-barreled
  shotgun with 30” unchoked barrels lacking extractors. It wasn’t
  safe for smokeless ammunition (p. 17). It was distributed
  cheaply by mail-order catalogs and hardware stores, and was
  ideal for sawing off (High-Tech, p. 106). Gunslinger Jacob
  McCandles and scout Sam Sharpnose use sawed-off coach
  guns (p. 21) in Big Jake, which stand in for more expensive
  Greener guns (p. 22). An even further sawed-off weapon is
  used as a handgun by explorer Johnny Yuma in The Rebel and
  avenger “Mississippi” Traherne in El Dorado; in the latter, it
  again stands in for a Greener.
  Winchester Model 1887, 
  10G 2.875” (USA, 1888-1899)
  This was the first lever-action shotgun. It was a favorite of
  market hunters and riot-quellers around the turn of the 20th
  century because its four-shot tube magazine – plus one in the
  chamber – gave more fumble-free firepower than a double-bar-
  reled weapon. Furthermore, the lever action was familiar to
  Americans from the long line of Winchester lever-action rifles.
  The hunting version had a 30” barrel, but a coach gun (p. 21)
  with a 24” barrel was available: Wt. 9.2/0.6, Bulk -5. This was
  popular with shipping suppliers such as the Adams Express 
  Co. A true riot version with a 20” barrel was first offered in 1898:
  Wt. 9.2/0.6, Bulk -5. Almost 65,000 were made, including many
  in 12-gauge 2.625” (1887-1901): Dmg 1d+1 pi, Wt. 7.8/0.48, RoF
  2¥9, ST 10†, Rcl 1/5. This was a favorite of famous Cochise
  County Sheriff John Slaughter. A riot-length gun is used by
  Judge Roy Bean in The Life and Times of Judge Roy Bean and
  cowboy “Shorty” Austin in Simon Wincer’s Monte Walsh.
  Since the Model 1887 wasn’t safe for smokeless ammuni-
  tion (p. 17), Winchester introduced the Model 1901 (1901-
  1920). This was only available in 10-gauge (same stats). Some
  13,500 were made.
  Remington Model 1889, 
  12G 2.625” (USA, 1889-1908)
  This double-barreled hammer gun was available with 28-
  32” barrels. It was sold in a number of calibers, including 16-
  gauge 2.5” (Dmg 1d+1 pi, RoF 2¥7) and 10-gauge 2.875” (Dmg
  2d-1 pi, RoF 2¥11). It was a popular sporting weapon in
  America. More than 134,000 were made. It’s used by U.S. Army
  cook Eli in Rough Riders.
  Winchester Model 1893, 
  12G 2.5” (USA, 1893-1897)
  John Browning designed the first Winchester pump-action
  hammer shotgun. It had a 30” barrel with choke and lacked a
  disconnector – it could be fired by keeping the trigger pressed
  and pumping the action, increasing RoF to 3¥8. Some 34,000
  were made. A fancy model was available for 2.5 times the cost
  (+1 to reactions; see p. 4). The Model 1893 was only safe to use
  with black-powder loads. Winchester actually recalled the
  weapon in 1897 to avoid problems. Buyers could exchange it
  for a brand-new Model 1897 (p. 24).
  A small number of the Model 1893 Riot (1893-1897) with
  an unchoked 20” barrel were also made: Wt. 7.4/0.6, Bulk -5.
  Most riot guns were bought by Wells, Fargo & Company (Old
  West, p. 48).
  Remington-Rider No. 3, 
  16G 2.5” (USA, 1893-1905)
  This simple weapon was a break-open shotgun with a sin-
  gle, choked 30” barrel. It was also available in other gauges,
  including 10-gauge 2.875” (Dmg 2d-1 pi, RoF 1¥11), 12-gauge
  2.625” (Dmg 1d+1 pi, RoF 1¥9), and 20-gauge 2.5” (Dmg 1d+1
  pi, RoF 1¥6).
  Burgess Folding Police Gun, 
  12G 2.625” (USA, 1894-1899)
  This dedicated law-enforcement weapon was a manual
  repeater with a 19.5” unchoked riot barrel. Unlike other repeat-
  ing shotguns, it was cycled by sliding the pistol grip and trigger
  along the stock, rather than the handguard under the barrel. It
  was designed to fold into a package about 20” long (-3 Holdout).
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  23
  Six-shooter ain’t like a sawed-off 10-gauge loaded 
  with Blue Whistlers.
  – Eugene Cunningham, Triggernometry
  
  Folding the gun takes three Ready maneuvers, but
  unfolding the gun can be done in one Ready maneuver by
  snapping the barrel up. A belt holster with 20 shell loops
  ($50, 1 lb.) was offered that allowed the folded gun to be car-
  ried concealed under a coat, a feat that was demonstrated to
  a stunned New York Senator Theodore Roosevelt (Who’s
  Who 2, pp. 96-97) in 1895 in his office. He promptly ordered
  the Burgess for the New York state penitentiaries.
  Winchester Model 1897, 
  12G 2.75” (USA, 1898-1957)
  The Winchester “trombone action” was the perfected
  pump-action shotgun of the era, replacing the earlier Model
  1893 (p. 23). Like its predecessor, it lacked a disconnector
  and could be fired by keeping the trigger pressed and pump-
  ing the action, increasing RoF to 3¥9. The Model 1897 was
  produced in every grade from military plain to elaborately
  engraved and mounted for five times the cost (+2 to reac-
  tions; see p. 4). Over a million were eventually made. Around
  the turn of the century, it was primarily a cutting-edge hunt-
  ing weapon. In 1906, Hiram Bingham’s exploration took
  two of them to the jungles of South America.
  The basic goose gun had a 30” barrel with a choke, while
  the Model 1897 Riot (1898-1935) had an unchoked 20” bar-
  rel (Wt. 7.5/0.65, Bulk -5). The riot gun is used by outlaws in
  The Wild Bunch, mercenaries in The Professionals, U.S.
  Army soldiers in The Real Glory, and U.S. Marines in The
  Wind and the Lion.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  24
  A Load of Dimes
  Wild West myth has shotgunners like “Billy the Kid” fir-
  ing homemade loads created from a stack of dimes – a dozen
  to 16 will fit into a 12-gauge shell. Filling a shotgun shell with
  coins requires nothing more than a pocketknife to open the
  shell and a piece of cardboard and some wax to reseal it.
  However, at that time, most people earned a dollar a day,
  and buckshot shells sold for a nickel. It’s thus unlikely that
  many shooters blasted three days’ worth of wages through
  their double-barrels . . . Moreover, dimes are less aerodynamic
  than buckshot (so they have less range), and they don’t pene-
  trate well (so they do less damage). Halve Damage and Range
  of a comparable buckshot load. Note that dimes are 0.705” in
  diameter and can only be fired from an unchoked 12-gauge
  gun, or any shotgun of 10-gauge or larger. British shooters can
  substitute the threepenny bit in 16-gauge or 12-gauge guns, or
  sixpence coins in 10-gauge or larger. See Coins (Old West,
  p. 36) and Currency and Prices (Steampunk, pp. 48-49) for the
  idiosyncrasies of period money.
  There is only one situation in which shooting dimes
  from a shotgun makes sense: coming unprepared upon
  enemies with Vulnerability (Silver) (p. B161), since the
  coins of the time are almost pure silver! See also The Silver
  Antidote (Loadouts: Monster Hunters, p. 13) or Silver
  Weapons (Horror, pp. 52-53).
  Shotguns Table
  See pp. B268-271 and High-Tech, p. 79, for an explanation of the statistics.
  GUNS (SHOTGUN) (DX-4 or most other Guns at -2)
  TL Weapon
  Damage
  Acc
  Range
  Weight
  RoF
  Shots
  ST
  Bulk
  Rcl
  Cost
  LC Notes
  5
  Colt Model 1855, 20G Caplock
  1d+1 pi
  3
  40/800
  10.9/0.4
  1¥7
  5(20i)
  11†
  -6
  1/5
  $800
  3
  [1, 2]
  5
  Roper Repeating Shotgun, 12G 2.625”
  1d+1 pi
  3
  40/800
  8/0.48
  2¥8
  4(3i)
  11†
  -6
  1/5
  $750
  3
  [1]
  5
  Parker Lifter, 10G 2.875”
  2d-1 pi
  3
  40/800
  10.6/0.3 2¥11
  2(3i)
  12†
  -6
  1/7
  $1,200
  3
  [1]
  5
  Eclipse Meteor, 10G 2.875”
  2d-1 pi
  3
  40/800
  9.3/0.28 2¥11
  2(3i)
  12†
  -6
  1/7
  $300
  3
  [1]
  5
  Remington-Whitmore Hammer Lifter, 
  1d+1 pi
  3
  40/800
  8.8/0.24
  2¥8
  2(3i)
  10†
  -6
  1/5
  $900
  3
  [1]
  12G 2.5”
  5
  Loomis IXL No. 15, 12G 2.5”
  1d+1 pi
  3
  40/800
  8.2/0.24
  2¥8
  2(3i)
  11†
  -6
  1/5
  $250
  3
  [1]
  6
  Greener Facile Princeps, 10G 2.875”
  2d-1 pi
  3
  40/800
  9/0.28
  2¥11
  2(2i)
  12†
  -6
  1/7
  $3,350
  3
  [1]
  6
  Stevens Model 1877, 10G 2.875”
  2d-1 pi
  3
  40/800
  10/0.28
  2¥11
  2(3i)
  12†
  -6
  1/7
  $750
  3
  [1]
  6
  Remington Model 1878, 10G 2.875”
  2d-1 pi
  3
  40/800
  10/0.28
  2¥11
  2(3i)
  12†
  -6
  1/7
  $1,200
  3
  [1]
  6
  Colt Model 1878, 12G 2.625”
  1d+1 pi
  3
  40/800
  8.2/0.24
  2¥9
  2(3i)
  11†
  -6
  1/5
  $1,000
  3
  [1]
  6
  W. Richards Hammer Gun, 10G 2.875”
  2d-1 pi
  3
  40/800
  10/0.28
  2¥11
  2(3i)
  12†
  -6
  1/7
  $350
  3
  [1]
  6
  Spencer Model 1882, 12G 2.625”
  1d+1 pi
  3
  40/800
  8.4/0.6
  2¥9
  5+1(2i) 11†
  -6
  1/5
  $800
  3
  [1, 2]
  6
  Colt Model 1883, 12G 2.625”
  1d+1 pi
  3
  40/800
  8.2/0.24
  2¥9
  2(3i)
  11†
  -6
  1/5
  $1,800
  3
  [1]
  6
  H&H Paradox Gun, 12G 2.5”
  1d+1 pi
  3
  40/800
  7.5/0.24
  2¥8
  2(2i)
  10†
  -6
  1/5
  $11,000
  3
  [1]
  6
  Crescent Hammer Gun, 12G 2.5”
  1d+1 pi
  3
  40/800
  8/0.24
  2¥8
  2(3i)
  10†
  -6
  1/5
  $150
  3
  [1]
  6
  Winchester Model 1887, 10G 2.875”
  2d-1 pi
  3
  40/800
  9.7/0.56 2¥11
  4+1(2i) 11†
  -6
  1/7
  $600
  3
  [1]
  6
  Remington Model 1889, 12G 2.625”
  1d+1 pi
  3
  40/800
  8.2/0.24
  2¥9
  2(3i)
  11†
  -6
  1/5
  $950
  3
  [1]
  6
  Winchester Model 1893, 12G 2.5”
  1d+1 pi
  3
  40/800
  8.6/0.6
  2¥8
  5+1(2i) 11†
  -6
  1/5
  $550
  3
  [1]
  6
  Remington-Rider No. 3, 16G 2.5”
  1d+1 pi
  3
  40/800
  6.1/0.1
  1¥7
  1(3)
  10†
  -6
  1/5
  $260
  3
  [1]
  6
  Burgess Folding Police Gun, 12G 2.625”
  1d+1 pi
  3
  40/800
  6.6/0.6
  2¥9
  5+1(2i) 10†
  -5
  1/5
  $700
  3
  [1]
  6
  Winchester Model 1897, 12G 2.75”
  1d+1 pi
  3
  40/800
  8.7/0.65
  2¥9
  5+1(2i) 11†
  -6
  1/5
  $550
  3
  [1]
  Notes
  [1] First Rcl figure is for shot; second is for slugs.
  [2] Unreliable. Malfunctions on 16+ (see p. B407).
  
  MUSKETS AND RIFLES
  The best gun for buffalo hunting was a short muzzleloading
  rifle of large bore. With such a weapon the hunter dispensed with
  a ramrod; he charged his gun simply by pouring the powder
  down the barrel, and dropping a bullet from his cartridge bag –
  or his mouth – into the gun, then “sending it home” by sharply
  striking the butt of the rifle upon his thigh or upon the pommel
  of his saddle.
  – Douglas Branch, Frank Dobie, 
  and Andrew Isenberg, The Hunting of the Buffalo
  The rifle was the most important weapon in many areas. In
  addition to being the primary military arm, it could be used on
  game from a considerable distance. This offered a useful stand-
  off range against enemies and dangerous beasts. Its long bar-
  rel, better sights, and shoulder stock to brace it made it easier
  to use than a handgun, even at short range. Most of these long
  arms were also more powerful than a handgun or shotgun,
  providing better penetration and wounding capability. Addi-
  tionally, many of the available repeating rifles held more shots
  than other handheld guns.
  Enfield P/1853, .577 Caplock (U.K., 1853-1866)
  The Rifled Musket Pattern 1853 made at the Royal Armoury
  at Enfield was Britain’s military rifle until the adoption of car-
  tridge breechloaders. The P/1853 was standard issue in the
  Crimean War. It was sold all over the world as far away as Japan
  (there known as the Minyee-juu), and most European nations
  adopted similar weapons. Both sides in the American Civil War
  used hundreds of thousands of Enfields. After the war, the
  weapons were sold in large numbers as surplus to homesteaders
  in the American West, at 10% cost. They were still available in
  the 1880s. In fiction, it can be seen employed by Confederate
  and Union soldiers in Gettysburg and Glory,
  and Chief “Lone Watie” and Chief “Ten
  Bears” in The Outlaw Josie Wales.
  It used paper cartridges (High-Tech,
  p. 86) with Minié bullets (High-Tech,
  p. 109). Without cartridges, reloading
  takes 40 seconds, or 60 seconds with ordi-
  nary balls. Alternate projectile options
  included SAPLE (Dmg 3d+2 pi+ with a
  1d-2 [1d-1] cr ex follow-up) and multiball
  (Dmg 1d+1 pi, Acc 2, Range 50/550, RoF
  1¥3, Rcl 1), but both were rare. The rifle
  took a 0.8-lb. socket bayonet (Reach 1, 2*).
  From 1866, the British Army converted
  their Enfield muzzleloader into a metallic-
  cartridge breechloader, using a conversion
  devised by Jacob Snider (High-Tech,
  p. 164). This was the Snider Pattern I
  (1866-1873) in .577 Snider: Malf. 17, Dmg
  4d+1(0.5) pi++, Range 200/2,200, Wt.
  10/0.1, Shots 1(3), Cost $375. The Snider
  fired a bullet with a plug that performed
  like a hollow-point (High-Tech, p. 166). If
  Rudyard Kipling is to be trusted, this often
  resulted in a “big blue mark in his fore-
  head, and the back blown out of his head.”
  Some 815,000 Sniders were made.
  Although soon superseded in front-line
  service by the Martini-Henry (p. 29), the
  Snider remained in service with colonial forces for quite some
  time, and many weapons found their way to other users. It was
  the Indian army’s rifle until the turn of the century. In Japan,
  it was known as the Sunaidoru-juu (“Snider gun”) and saw
  service in the Boshin War from 1868 to 1869. It remained stan-
  dard issue until the 1880s in Japan. The Canadian Northwest
  Mounted Police (Old West, p. 99) were armed with it from
  1873 to 1878. By the end of the 19th century, many people
  hunted with them in Africa and parts of Asia. The dervishes in
  Shekhar Kapur’s The Four Feathers use Sniders.
  The Snider Pattern II (1867-1868) was a carbine with a
  21.5” barrel issued to cavalry, artillery crews, etc.: Malf. 17,
  Dmg 3d+2(0.5) pi++, Range 180/1,900, Wt. 6.7/0.1, Shots 1(3),
  Bulk -4, Cost $350. It was still sold commercially in the late
  1870s. One such carbine captured from a bank arsenal in
  1878, nicknamed “Betty,” became the favorite weapon of
  Australian bushranger Ned Kelly, as correctly shown in Ned
  Kelly. Native hunter Samuel uses a surplus carbine in The
  Ghost and the Darkness.
  Volcanic Repeating Rifle, 
  .41 Volcanic (USA, 1855-1860)
  One of the first lever-action repeating firearms, this was
  the direct ancestor of the famous rifles later introduced by
  Winchester. Developed by Messrs. Smith and Wesson, it fired
  a “rocket ball” cartridge that was a curious hybrid: self-con-
  tained but completely caseless, with the propellant and per-
  cussion cap in a hollow in the base of the bullet. Ammunition
  was loaded in a tubular magazine below the barrel from the
  front. It takes one second to open the tube before reloading
  or to close it afterward. The tube magazine had an open slit
  below, which allowed dirt to enter. A neglected weapon could
  end up with Malf. 16.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  25
  Musket and Rifle Projectiles
  The hole in the point of [an] Express Bullet is made to take a .22-caliber rim
  fire cartridge blank . . . so that the hunters of Grizzlies and other ugly game can
  use them as explosive bullets.
  – Sharps advertisement from 1880
  Many musket and rifle bullets of the 19th century performed like hol-
  low-point bullets (High-Tech, pp. 166-167), typically because they were
  made of pure, soft lead or of such a construction that they easily deformed
  on impact. By the 1870s, true hollow-points with an actual cavity in the bul-
  let tip appeared, initially only for hunting purposes. In 1890, the first jack-
  eted hollow-point for use in small-bore rifles was introduced, developed at
  Dum Dum Arsenal in India for military service in the .303-caliber Lee-Met-
  ford repeating rifle (pp. 32-33).
  In 1872, Samuel Mead patented an “explosive” bullet for sporting pur-
  poses, to take down big game. This consisted of a large-caliber bullet (mini-
  mum 10mm/.40 caliber) into which a hole was drilled (or that was already
  cast with a hole in it). This hole was made large enough to take a blank .22
  Short rimfire cartridge back-to-front. When the blank was set off on impact
  against a hard-enough target (including bone), the bullet would be ripped
  apart. However, this wasn’t an actual explosive effect, just a different way of
  ensuring bullet expansion. Treat it as a hollow-point except that it works on
  a roll of TL-2 or less on 1d. Double cost. The most common commercial
  “explosive” round was made in .50-95 Winchester Express.
  
  The Volcanic wasn’t a very good gun. It was underpowered
  and clumsy to handle. Fewer than 2,000 were made. These
  numbers include a carbine model with a 16” barrel (Dmg 1d+2
  pi+, Wt. 7.6/0.3, Shots 20+1(2i), Bulk -4, Cost $660) and a long
  rifle with a 24” barrel (Dmg 2d pi+, Acc 4, Wt. 8.2/0.45, Shots
  30+1(2i), Bulk -5, Cost $880).
  The Volcanic Repeating Rifle can be seen in the hands of
  gunslinger “Manco” in For a Few Dollars More.
  Colt Model 1855 Revolving Rifle, 
  .56 Caplock (USA, 1856-1864)
  This revolving rifle used the muzzleloading, single-action
  Colt revolver design but had a 30” barrel and full rifle stock.
  This gave the shooter five shots instead of the one available
  from a rifle-musket. Reloading was slow despite the use of
  paper cartridges (High-Tech, p. 86). The rifle was prone to
  chain-firing (p. 9), which was particularly dangerous here. The
  shooter’s off-hand, grasping the weapon in front of the cylin-
  der, was likely to be hit by at least one shot – if more than one
  cap is ignited, roll 1d-2 for the number of hits.
  The M1857 (1857-1864) had a 37.5” barrel instead: Dmg
  3d+1 pi+, Range 120/1,300, Wt. 10.5/0.4, Bulk -7, Cost $1,050.
  It was the original issue weapon of Colonel Hiram Berdan’s
  sharpshooter regiments from 1861 to 1862, which received
  1,000. However, the superior Sharps M1859 Sharpshooter’s
  rifle (p. 27) quickly replaced it. An additional 2,125 were issued
  to other Union forces. After the Civil War, the rifles were sold
  as surplus for 20% cost or less, mostly to former sharpshoot-
  ers. Australian bushranger Ned Kelly used such a Colt during
  his last stand in 1880.
  The rifle was also made in other calibers and barrel lengths.
  The Model 1855 First Model Sporter (1856-1859), for example,
  came in .36-caliber, with barrels as short as 15”: Dmg 2d pi, Wt.
  7/0.15, Bulk -4, Cost $900. A total of 1,000 civilian patterns were
  made in all configurations.
  Fitted with a scope and converted to fire metallic car-
  tridges, a Model 1855 is employed by outlaw Campos in
  James Mangold’s 3:10 to Yuma. Another is used by lawman
  “Bull” Harris in El Dorado.
  Whitworth Rifle, .451 Caplock (U.K., 1857-1865)
  Sometimes called the first true sniper rifle, the Whitworth
  was used in small numbers by Confederate sharpshooters dur-
  ing the American Civil War. In contrast to contemporary target
  rifles, which were mainly used by the Union, it was much
  lighter and more rugged. It thus lent itself better to military
  service – except for its high cost.
  The gun was a muzzle-loading percussion weapon with a
  unique hexagonally rifled 33” barrel that fired a compara-
  tively long, hexagonal projectile called a “bolt.” The barrel
  and the target sights made this a fine (accurate) weapon. The
  precision-made bullets were all match-grade, which is
  already included in CPS and in the Acc of the rifle. Many
  Whitworths mounted a 4¥ scope (+2 Acc, expensive, $400, 1
  lb.) on the left side of the rifle. The same precision rifling that
  made the rifle so accurate made it easy to foul and difficult to
  clean. The reloading time thus increases by two seconds with
  each shot after the first; Malf. is reduced to 15 after 10 shots
  and to 14 after 20 shots. By then, the barrel requires a thor-
  ough scouring, which takes two minutes.
  Some 13,400 Whitworth rifles were made in all, at least
  half of these for civilian shooters. The Confederates ordered
  250 Whitworths in 1862, but only about 120 got through the
  blockade. The few that arrived were used with great suc-
  cess: Whitworth rifles wrought havoc among Union
  artillerymen and killed both General William Lytle and
  General “Uncle John” Sedgwick. A Confederate sniper uses
  a Whitworth in Gettysburg.
  The British Army acquired 8,000 without scope as the
  Whitworth Pattern 1863 (1863). However, the P/1863 was
  dumped from service just two years later, as the reloading
  problems proved to be even worse in the conditions in India
  (Malf. 15 after five shots and 14 after 10).
  Sharps M1859, .52 Caplock (USA, 1859-1863)
  Developed by Christian Sharps, this handy carbine with its
  22” barrel was one of the most successful percussion designs of
  the Civil War era. The U.S. Army bought more than 80,000 of
  the Model of 1859 and the virtually identical Model of 1863
  (1863-1867). It was a breechloading weapon with a lever action
  to open and close the breech, and an external hammer
  mounted on the right side.
  The gun used a combustible linen cartridge (High-Tech,
  p. 86), which consumed itself during firing. Instead of percus-
  sion caps, the M1859 employed the Sharps patented pellet
  magazine. This consisted of a short tube magazine holding 25
  waterproof primer disks, which were fed to the nipple auto-
  matically each time the hammer was cocked. This allowed
  faster reloading than using percussion caps: one second to
  open the breech, one to retrieve the cartridge, one to insert the
  cartridge, one to close the breech, and one to cock the ham-
  mer. Another advantage was that it didn’t require fumbling
  around with the tiny percussion caps during cold weather. The
  pellet magazine could be disengaged, allowing ordinary caps to
  be used. This added three more seconds to the loading process,
  but had fewer misfires: Malf. 16, Shots 1(8). Troopers carried
  40 rounds in their slung cartridge box and 20 more in their
  knapsack. As a cavalry weapon, the Sharps had a sling ring
  (Tactical Shooting, p. 71).
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  26
  
  From 1862, Samuel Robinson in Virginia copied the M1859
  for the Confederate troops. As many as 5,200 were made.
  These lacked the primer magazine: Malf. 16, Shots 1(8).
  The M1859 was preceded by a number of earlier patterns, the
  most famous being the .52-caliber Model 1853 (1854-1859): Dmg
  3d pi+. This sporting pattern could not use ordinary percussion
  caps, only the special “Sharps primes.” Less than 3,000 were
  made. As many as 900 of these carbines were sent by Reverend
  Henry Beecher to the anti-slavery forces in Kansas, concealed in
  crates marked “Bibles.” Consequently, the carbines were soon
  called “Beecher’s Bibles.” One famous user of the Model 1853
  was abolitionist John Brown, whose forces employed as many as
  300 of these weapons in the ill-fated attack on Harper’s Ferry
  Arsenal in 1859.
  The U.S. Army acquired some 600 M1855 (1855-1859) mil-
  itary carbines in .52 caliber: Dmg 3d pi+. The M1855 featured
  the Maynard self-feeding tape primer instead of the Sharps
  primer system. This was a roll with 50 fulminate charges or
  ignition pellets on a brown paper strip ($1.10, negligible
  weight). It worked just like a modern toy gun with a tape of
  caps. The Maynard primer roll was held in an internal com-
  partment and automatically advanced by cocking the hammer.
  This allowed relatively quick follow-up shots, but was less reli-
  able than ordinary percussion caps.
  The Sharps Carbine (1856-1857) was a pattern ordered by
  the British Army. It had a 20.5” barrel and the Maynard tape
  feed. It was chambered for the .577 Enfield paper cartridge:
  Dmg 3d pi+, Range 100/1,100, Wt. 7.6/0.086, Cost $550. It
  allowed the optional use of percussion caps: Malf. 16, Shots
  1(8). Some 3,000 were delivered and used by cavalry regiments
  in India, including during the Mutiny of 1857. The Maynard
  system didn’t stand up well to the climate of the subcontinent.
  The M1859 Sharpshooter’s Rifle (1862) was a .52-caliber
  variant of the M1859 intended for the Union Army’s sharp-
  shooters. It had a 30” barrel and a double set trigger for
  improved accuracy: Dmg 3d+2 pi+, Acc 4, Range 120/1,200,
  Wt. 8.8/0.075, Bulk -6, Cost $700. It took a 1-lb. socket bayonet
  (Reach 1, 2*). Some 2,000 were made.
  The M1867 (1868-1871) was a cartridge conversion of the
  Model 1863 carbine using the .50-70 cartridge: Malf. 17, Dmg
  4d+2 pi+, Wt. 8.1/0.086, Shots 1(4), Cost $650. Sharps converted
  some 32,000 for the military, plus another 9,000 or so for civil-
  ian orders. The M1867 was officially issued to the Texas Rangers
  (Old West, p. 93) from 1870 until 1881. It can be seen used by
  Texas Ranger LaBoeuf in both Henry Hathaway’s and the Coens’
  True Grit.
  The M1869 (1869-1873) carbine was another conversion
  to .50-70: Malf. 17, Dmg 4d pi+, Wt. 8.1/0.086, Shots 1(4),
  Cost $650. Some 80,000 were converted and mainly issued to
  the U.S. Cavalry. Youthful horror writer H.P. Lovecraft inher-
  ited such a carbine in 1904 from his grandfather. However,
  he preferred .22-caliber rifles, and sold the inherited weapon in
  1905 to acquire astronomical equipment. Cartridge carbines
  like this can be seen used by “Blue Duck” and the Kiowas in
  Lonesome Dove, and “Doc” Scurlock in Young Guns.
  Gunslinger “Wild Bill” Hickok (Old West, p. 101) was
  buried with his Sharps carbine in Deadwood in 1876, in
  accordance with his will. This would arm an undead Hickok
  in a Weird-West setting. The exact model isn’t known; while
  a cartridge carbine would be the better weapon, Hickok pre-
  ferred caplock revolvers (p. 10), and may have stuck to a per-
  cussion carbine as well.
  Springfield M1861, .58 Caplock (USA, 1861-1863)
  The U.S. Army adopted the Model of 1861 as its standard
  rifle-musket. It was a close copy of the British Enfield P/1853
  (p. 25) and served the Union during the American Civil War.
  Between 1861 and 1865, the Springfield Armory made more
  than 265,000, while 640,000 were acquired from private con-
  tractors. The Confederate States copied it and used it widely.
  In fiction, U.S. Army soldiers employ them in Cold Mountain,
  The Gangs of New York, Gettysburg, and How the West Was
  Won. The Comanche braves have them in The Searchers.
  The M1861 rifle-musket had a 40” barrel and mounted a 1.3-
  lb. socket bayonet (Reach 1, 2*). It used paper cartridges (High-
  Tech, p. 86) with Minié bullets (High-Tech, p. 109). The
  cartridges were interchangeable with those of the Enfield. With-
  out cartridges, reloading takes 40 seconds, or 60 seconds with
  ordinary balls.
  The wartime Model of 1863 (1863-1864) was slightly
  cheaper but otherwise identical to the M1861 rifle-musket:
  Cost $400. Some 273,000 were made. Scout Breck Coleman
  anachronistically uses it in The Big Trail.
  From the late 1860s, many of these rifles were converted to
  fire metallic cartridges, typically the .50-70 Government. The
  most common conversion was developed by Erskine Allin and
  made at Springfield Armory as the Model of 1868 (1868-1873):
  Malf. 17, Dmg 4d+2 pi+, Wt. 10/0.086, Shots 1(3), Cost $500. The
  Springfield-Allin M1868 was in front-line service until 1892,
  with some state militias using it until 1919! This soon became a
  popular civilian weapon, since the government sold them as sur-
  plus for 10% of the cost during the entire late 19th century.
  “Buffalo Bill” Cody (Old West, p. 101) used an Allin conversion
  named “Lucretia Borgia” during his years as a cavalry scout. His
  record-breaking killing spree of more than 4,200 buffalos in
  1867 and 1868 was racked up with this weapon.
  Henry Repeating Rifle, 
  .44 Henry (USA, 1862-1866)
  The lever-action Henry Rifle with a 24” barrel descended
  from the Volcanic (pp. 25-26) but was chambered for the less
  troublesome .44 Henry rimfire cartridge. It was the first prac-
  tical repeating rifle, offering 15 shots plus one in the chamber.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  27
  The latest model in heavy artillery, the Henry Repeater. 
  If God didn’t hurl lightning, he’d surely carry one of these.
  – Jacob McGivens, in The Legend of Zorro
  
  During the American Civil War, it was called “that damn
  Yankee rifle they load on Sunday and shoot all week!” About
  1,900 were officially used by the Union. It was also carried by the
  bodyguards of Confederate President Jefferson Davis and was
  popular with civilians – including many of the Sioux braves who
  destroyed Custer’s 7th Cavalry. Some 13,500 were made.
  The Henry was considered too flimsy for general military
  service. The unprotected magazine tube was particularly prone
  to damage. The .44 Henry cartridge was also woefully under-
  powered for a rifle.
  The underbarrel magazine had to be opened and the rounds
  loaded from the front. Opening and closing the tube take one
  second each.
  In fiction, the Henry is used by U.S. Army Lieutenant John
  Dunbar in Dances with Wolves, Texas Ranger Captain “Gus”
  McCrae in Lonesome Dove, avenger Colonel Morsman Carver
  in Seraphim Falls, and gunslinger Mal Johnson in Silverado.
  The loading process is shown in Shanghai Noon.
  Spencer M1860, .56-56 Spencer (USA, 1863-1865)
  The Spencer lever-action carbine with a 20” barrel was the
  first commercially successful repeating long arm. Adopted by the
  Union Army as the Model of 1860, it was used in considerable
  numbers during the American Civil War, as well as by civilians.
  Many veterans bought their issue weapons with their last
  month’s pay. Some 48,000 carbines were made. In 1878, a cap-
  tured Spencer became a key weapon in the arsenal of Australia’s
  Ned Kelly Gang. The carbine is used by rancher Daniel Evans in
  James Mangold’s 3:10 to Yuma and features prominently in
  Unforgiven.
  As a cavalry weapon, the Spencer carbine had a sling ring
  (Tactical Shooting, p. 71). The M1860 had a tube magazine in
  the wooden butt, from which the cartridges were loaded into
  the chamber by operating the trigger-guard lever. The external
  hammer had to be cocked before each shot. To top up the mag-
  azine, the spring had to be taken out, and the cartridges
  dropped into the butt one by one.
  In 1864, preloaded tin tubes known as Blakeslee loaders
  became available, which could speed up reloading (five Ready
  maneuvers to reload; the tubes themselves requires two sec-
  onds per cartridge to top up). At 11” in length, the 0.6-lb.
  Blakeslee loaders were fairly unwieldy. However, several could
  be carried in a purpose-designed case holding six ($80, 4.6 lbs.
  filled), 10 (for use by the cavalry, $90, 7.2 lbs.), or 13 (for
  infantry, $100, 9.6 lbs.).
  The Model of 1865 (1865-1867) was chambered for the .56-
  50 Spencer (Dmg 3d+2 pi+). It had a magazine cut-off that
  allowed the shooter to load a round directly into the chamber,
  keeping the magazine in reserve. Some 61,000 were produced.
  The M1865 became a main weapon of U.S. Cavalry in the
  1860s and 1870s, but was eventually replaced by the single-
  shot Springfield M1873 (p. 30). Japanese Imperial troops also
  used Spencers during the Boshin War from 1868 to 1869.
  Large numbers were supplied to France during its war with
  Prussia in 1870. Winchester was still selling new carbines in
  the 1880s, at 50% cost; government-surplus weapons could be
  had for even less.
  Winchester Model 1866, 
  .44 Henry (USA, 1866-1898)
  The Winchester Model 1866 was developed via the Volcanic
  Repeating Rifle (pp. 25-26) and the Henry Rifle (pp. 27-28). It
  introduced the side-loading gate, speeding up reloading con-
  siderably. Nicknamed “Yellow Boy” due to its shiny brass
  frame, the Winchester ’66 was available in several versions.
  The standard rifle had a 24” barrel (in table). The short
  rifle/carbine (1866-1898) had a 20” barrel and a sling ring
  (Tactical Shooting, p. 71): Dmg 2d pi+, Wt. 8.3/0.59, Shots
  13+1(2i), Cost $420. The long rifle/musket (1866-1898) had a
  27” barrel: Dmg 2d+2 pi+, Wt. 9/0.77, Bulk -6, Cost $475. Its
  bayonet mount took a 1.3-lb. sword bayonet (Reach 1, 2*).
  Many of the Sioux that defeated Lieutenant Colonel George
  Custer and the 7th Cavalry carried such rifles (Old West, p. 98).
  The U.S. Army never adopted it. Nonetheless, some troopers
  purchased it with their own funds, especially white and Indian
  scouts, who were technically civilians. It was adopted as a cav-
  alry weapon by Brazil (M891), France (Mle 1870), and Mexico
  (Mod 1867). About 170,000 were made.
  In fiction, the full-length rifle can be seen in the hands of
  inventor “Doc” Brown in Back to the Future III and cowboy Tom
  Harte in Broken Trail. Monster hunter Quincey Morris uses it
  with the One-Armed Bandit perk (Gun Fu, p. 21) in Dracula. In
  The Good, the Bad and the Ugly, outlaw “Blondie” employs an
  early transitional model with a custom scope mounted on the
  left side to make use of the Rope Shooter perk (Gun Fu, p. 21).
  The short rifle is employed by lawman Everett Hitch in
  Appaloosa and doctor Maggie Gilkeson in The Missing.
  Remington No. 1 Rolling Block, 
  .50-70 Government (USA, 1867-1903)
  The Remington Rolling Block was a target rifle of the highest
  quality for the late 19th century, and very much a specialist’s
  weapon. Professional buffalo hunters often used it, in a variety
  of calibers. It had a 28” barrel. About 10,000 were made.
  The Number 1 Long Range Creedmoor (1874-1891) was a
  more powerful version, in .44-90 Remington Special: Dmg 5d
  pi+, Acc 5, Range 600/3,600, Wt. 10.6/0.12, ST 11†, Rcl 5, Cost
  $1,750. It came with fragile-but-precise micrometer sights and
  had double set triggers. A fine (accurate) weapon, only 500
  were made.
  More common than these hunting guns were plain Reming-
  ton Rolling Block military rifles: Cost $350. Over a million were
  made and widely exported until the Great War. Many countries
  produced them under license. Calibers in addition to .50-70
  included 11.15¥58mmR Spanish Remington (Dmg 4d+1 pi+),
  common in Latin America and China; and 11.4¥50mmR Egyp -
  tian Remington (Dmg 4d+1 pi+), popular in North Africa.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  28
  When you want to kill a
  man you must shoot for his
  heart, and the Winchester is
  the best weapon.
  – Ramón Rojo, in 
  A Fistful of Dollars
  
  Surplus Rolling Block military rifles were in demand by
  hunters and irregular forces up to the mid-20th century.
  Remington military rifles are used by the Mexican guerrillas in
  Two Mules for Sister Sara, the Madhist warriors in Shekhar
  Kapur’s The Four Feathers, and Colonel William Ludlow and
  “One Stab” in Legends of the Fall.
  Reporter Henry Stanley’s 1871 expedition to the Congo took
  with them 510 Remington Model 1869 rifles supplied by the
  Egyptian government, with some 200 cartridges per rifle.
  Henry Stanley himself used a unique copy of the Remington
  Rolling Block, made by Auguste Francotte of Belgium
  and chambered for the huge 4-bore 4” cartridge: Dmg 7d
  pi++, Range 120/1,200, Wt. 22/0.38, Shots 1(3), ST 15†,
  Bulk -7, Rcl 8, Cost $1,500. He killed 16 elephants with it
  on his trip.
  Berdan PVB-1870, 10.67×58mmR Berdan 
  (Russia, 1870-1892)
  Hiram Berdan designed the Pekhotniya Vintovka
  Berdana obrazets 1870 goda (“Berdan’s infantry rifle
  model of the year 1870”). This single-shot bolt-action
  weapon with a 32.8” barrel was adopted by the Imperial
  Russian army. More than a million were made in
  England and Russia. It took a 1.1-lb. socket bayonet
  (Reach 1, 2*). From 1877, a small number were fitted
  with the Lutkovskiy side carrier (Tactical Shooting,
  p. 73), allowing six cartridges to be carried on the rifle. The
  Mosin-Nagant PV-1891 repeating rifle (p. 33) eventually
  replaced it.
  Martini-Henry Mk I, 
  .450 Martini-Henry (U.K., 1871-1876)
  This heavy, breechloading, single-shot rifle saw extensive
  use during the late 19th century. The British military adopted
  it in 1871 and issued it widely from 1874, in several marks.
  Although it was gradually replaced by the Lee-Metford repeat-
  ing rifle (pp. 32-33) beginning in 1889, some were used into the
  20th century.
  In operation, a lever below the stock tilted the breech-
  block upward, ejecting the empty case and allowing inser-
  tion of a fresh cartridge. This round was the much-maligned
  .450 Martini-Henry, which had a case built up from rolled
  pieces, making it vulnerable to case ruptures and jams. On a
  malfunction (p. B407), a stoppage means a stuck case that
  has to be pried out with a knife or a screwdriver, taking six
  Ready maneuvers.
  British infantry initially carried 70 rounds in leather load-
  bearing equipment (High-Tech, p. 54), but from 1888, the basic
  load increased to 100 rounds. The Martini-Henry took a 1.1-lb.
  socket bayonet (Reach 1, 2*). From 1885, a hunting cartridge
  loaded with birdshot was available for colonial use: Dmg
  1d(0.5) pi-, Acc 3, Range 35/700, RoF 1¥11, Rcl 1.
  The Martini-Henry can be seen used by British soldiers in
  Zulu and Khartoum, and 20 of these rifles play an important
  role in The Man Who Would Be King. Colonel Sebastian Moran
  uses it in Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows.
  The Peabody-Martini Model 1874 (1874-1879) made by 
  the Providence Tool Co. was similar but chambered for the
  11.43¥55mmR (.45 Peabody-Martini) cartridge: Dmg 5d pi+,
  Wt. 9.7/0.11, Cost $270. It was adopted in huge numbers by the
  Turkish army and Romanian army (as the Md. 1879). The
  Peabody-Martini could be fitted with the Metcalfe side carrier
  (Tactical Shooting, p. 73), allowing eight cartridges to be con-
  veyed on the rifle.
  The Richards-Martini Model 1896 (1896-1897) was a variant
  in .450 Martini-Henry made by Westley Richards of Birming-
  ham, England: Dmg 5d pi+, Wt. 9.1/0.11, Cost $300. This
  weapon was delivered by the thousands to the Zuid Afrikaansche
  Republiek, arming the Boer commandos during the Second
  Anglo-Boer War (Steampunk, p. 121). They typically carried 50
  rounds in cartridge bandoleers (High-Tech, p. 54) or hunter’s
  vests (Pulp Guns 1, p. 33).
  Mauser IG71, 11.15×60mmR Mauser 
  (Germany, 1872-1884)
  The Infanterie-Gewehr Modell 1871 (“infantry rifle model
  1871”) was a single-shot bolt-action rifle with a 33.5” barrel,
  developed from the Dreyse M.1841 needle gun (High-Tech,
  p. 108). It was adopted by the militaries of all German states,
  including Bavaria, Prussia, Saxony, and Württemberg, and con-
  tinued in service until 1890. Mauser and several German state
  arsenals, as well as Steyr in Austria, made hundreds of thou-
  sands. Some 26,000 were sold to China in 1876, where it was
  subsequently copied in great numbers. The IG71 took a 1.8-lb.
  sword bayonet (Reach 1, 2*). German infantry carried 120
  rounds in leather load-bearing equipment (High-Tech, p. 54).
  The Jägerbüchse Modell 1871 (1876-1884) was a carbine for
  ranger-type skirmishing troops: Dmg 4d+2 pi+, Acc 3, Wt.
  9.9/0.092, Cost $450. Its 1.8-lb. sword bayonet (Reach 1, 2*)
  was of the Hirschfänger pattern – that is, based on a deer-hunt-
  ing blade. From the 1880s, this rifle was primarily used in
  German overseas colonies in Africa and elsewhere.
  The Mauser IG71/84 (1884-1890) was externally identical,
  but received an underbarrel tube magazine inside the hand-
  guard. This was the German military’s first repeating rifle:
  Dmg 5d-1 pi+, Wt. 10.6/0.74, Shots 8+2(2i), Cost $600. It could
  hold a round in the chamber and another in the cartridge car-
  rier between magazine and chamber, for a total of 10 when
  fully loaded. Some 950,000 were made, with many being
  exported to China and Japan. It can be seen in use by the
  Japanese soldiers in The Last Samurai, standing in for
  American hardware.
  Evans Sporter, .44 Evans Short (USA, 1873-1876)
  This unique lever-action rifle had a 26” barrel and an
  Archimedean screw-tube magazine in the shoulder stock,
  allowing for a staggering 34-round capacity. The magazine
  was topped up through a trapdoor in the buttplate. 
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  29
  Ammo Supply
  In the British military, ammunition for the Martini-Henry
  rifle came in sturdy wooden boxes holding 600 rounds, each
  weighing 80 lbs. These were tin-lined and tightly closed with
  screws to protect the contents against the elements. This
  proved to be an unfortunate arrangement: In 1879 at Isandl-
  wana, South Africa, the troops became hard-pressed for
  ammo, and not enough screwdrivers – not to speak of quarter-
  masters – were at hand to open the boxes. The men desper-
  ately hacked at the copper bands with axes and bayonets . . .
  and suffered a sound defeat at the hands of the Zulus.
  
  The appearance of the New Model Sporter (1877-1879) made the
  original weapon the “Old Model Sporter.” The new model fired
  the .44 Evans Long cartridge: Dmg 3d+2 pi+, Range 260/2,800,
  Wt. 11.4/1.3, Shots 26+1(2i), ST 10†, Rcl 3, Cost $750.
  Some 15,000 Evans rifles of all models were made, but the
  guns sold badly. More than 3,000 were still in stock when the
  producer folded in 1879 – despite glowing endorsements such as
  that of trick shooter “Kit” Carson, Jr. He claimed he had used it
  to shoot off “the eyebrows from my wife” at 20 yards. This dubi-
  ous feat might be modeled by the Trick Shooter perk (Gun Fu,
  pp. 22-23). The Evans can be seen used by cowboy Joe Gill in
  Crossfire Trail and outlaw Pony Deal in Tombstone.
  Springfield M1873, 
  .45-70 Springfield (USA, 1873-1880)
  Essentially based on the earlier cartridge conversions of the
  Springfield Model 1863 musket (p. 27), this breech-loading
  rifle with a 32” barrel was commonly known as the “Trapdoor”
  due to its hinged breechblock mechanism. The U.S. Army used
  the Model of 1873 as their official rifle until they replaced it
  with the Krag-Jørgensen M1892 (p. 34) from 1894. It contin-
  ued in reserve and militia service until 1919. More than
  90,000 were produced. While primarily an infantry weapon,
  cavalry sharpshooters also employed it, each squadron hav-
  ing a couple for this use. The M1873 took a 1-lb. socket bay-
  onet (Reach 1, 2*).
  The rifle was sensitive to fouling and poor-quality ammu-
  nition; the extractor could slip off the expended cartridge and
  leave it stuck in the action. This was usually only a problem
  in rapid fire and with soft-cased cartridges. Unfortunately,
  the U.S. Army issued soft, copper-cased ammo until the
  1880s – it was cheaper, and Congress demanded economy.
  On a malfunction (p. B407), a stoppage indicates a stuck case
  that has to be pried out using a knife or a screwdriver, taking
  six Ready maneuvers.
  From 1882, the Army issued a long-range +P cartridge
  (High-Tech, p. 165) that corrected this defect and fired a heav-
  ier bullet (WPS 0.1, CPS $1.50): Dmg 5d pi+, Range 550/3,500.
  Troops were also supplied a “Forager” round loaded with bird-
  shot to hunt small game in the field: Dmg 1d-5(0.5) pi-, Acc 3,
  Range 11/230, Shots 1¥200(3), Rcl 1. A number were fitted
  with the Metcalfe side carrier (Tactical Shooting, p. 73), allow-
  ing eight cartridges to be carried on the rifle ready for use.
  The M1873 Carbine (1873-1878) had a shorter 21.9” barrel
  and a sling ring (Tactical Shooting, p. 71). It fired the inter-
  changeable but underloaded .45-55 cartridge: Dmg 4d-1 pi+,
  Acc 3, Range 400/2,600, Wt. 8/0.08, Bulk -5, Cost $230. Some
  24,500 were made. This – rather than the Winchester Model
  1873 (below) – was the U.S. Army’s cavalry weapon during the
  Indian Wars (Old West, pp. 97-99), as it had better range and
  power. Basic issue was a belt pouch holding just 20 rounds.
  This was usually replaced by a “prairie” belt holding 45 rounds
  in loops (p. 46) and/or supplemented with a bandoleer holding
  50. The carbine is correctly used and reloaded by the Apache
  braves in Stagecoach.
  The M1884 (1885-1890) and M1889 (1890-1893) were
  minor variants of the basic rifle (use the same stats), and the
  last single-shot rifles issued by the U.S. military. More than
  265,000 were made.
  Winchester Model 1873, 
  .44-40 Winchester (USA, 1873-1919)
  The world’s most famous lever-action rifle, the Winchester
  ’73 was developed from the Winchester Model 1866 (p. 28) but
  chambered the more powerful .44-40 Winchester centerfire car-
  tridge. This was the rifle in the West for hunting game and killing
  men, and it was exported worldwide. It came out late in 1873.
  Some 720,000 were made, the majority in rifle length with
  a 24” barrel (in table). The long rifle/musket version (1873-
  1919) had a 30” barrel: Dmg 3d+1 pi+, Acc 4, Range
  330/2,400, Wt. 10.2/0.73, Bulk -6, Cost $550. It could mount a
  1-lb. socket or sword bayonet (Reach 1, 2*). The popular
  short rifle/carbine (1874-1919) had a 20” barrel and sling ring
  (Tactical Shooting, p. 71): Dmg 3d-1 pi+, Range 270/2,000,
  Wt. 7.8/0.52, Shots 12+1(2i), Cost $500. The famous trapper
  carbine (1874-1919) with 14-16” barrel wasn’t a standard fac-
  tory pattern and had to be specially ordered: Dmg 3d-2 pi+,
  Range 250/1,800, Wt. 7.4/0.3, Shots 7+1(2i), Bulk -4, Cost
  $550. Few of the latter were actually made at the time, mostly
  for export to South America. Due to the short barrel and sling
  ring, it could be conveniently slung concealed under a long
  coat (High-Tech, p. 64), muzzle down, and buttstock under
  the arm.
  The long rifle was adopted by the Turkish army and com-
  pletely outclassed the Russians with their single-shot Berdan
  rifles (p. 29) in the war in 1878. Carbine and long rifle were
  adopted by the Spanish army (Mod 1879); it was also copied in
  Spain. The rifle was issued to Texas Rangers (Old West, p. 93)
  between 1881 and 1897. Before that, most Rangers bought one
  with their own money in order to replace the issued Sharps
  Model 1867 single-shot (p. 27).
  For five times the usual cost, an enthusiast could buy “one
  of a thousand.” These were especially accurate and engraved
  standard rifles: Treat as fine (accurate), and giving +2 to reac-
  tions (see p. 4). Only 133 were made between 1875 and 1877.
  From 1879, all variants were available in .38-40 Winchester
  (Dmg 3d-2 pi+) and from 1882, in .32-20 Winchester (Dmg
  2d+1 pi).
  The carbine features prominently in many movies, including
  Winchester ’73. It arms rancher Randall Bragg in Appaloosa,
  aeronaut Lee Scoresby in The Golden Compass, mercenary
  Sergeant Zebulon Gant in The Last Samurai, Special Agent Tom
  Sawyer in The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, and First
  Mate Zoë Alleyne Washburne in Firefly.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  30
  This, ladies and gentlemen . . .
  the ’73 lever-action Trapper, seven-
  shot capacity, accurate to 400
  yards, one round per second . . .
  Note the patented loading port 
  and the smooth cocking action.
  – Nathan Algren, 
  in The Last Samurai
  
  Sharps Sporting Model 1874, 
  .50-90 Sharps (USA, 1874-1881)
  In 1871, Christian Sharps introduced a new breechloading
  single-shot rifle that initially mated the stocks of old Sharps
  Model 1863 carbines (p. 26) with new lever-action breeches
  and barrels. After levering open the action and inserting a car-
  tridge, the hammer had to be cocked separately. Most had a
  heavy 30” barrel. Three years later, the Model 1871 was
  renamed the Model 1874 as the result of a company reorgani-
  zation, but the rifles were essentially the same.
  Many were fine (accurate), fitted with double set triggers
  and micrometer sights. Some 6,441 rifles were made. About a
  quarter of these were delivered from the factory with a tele-
  scopic sight – typically a long 6¥ scope made in Germany (+2
  Acc, expensive, $500, 1.2 lbs.), but Sharps even offered 20¥
  scopes (+4 Acc, expensive $1,000, 1.5 lbs.). In the American
  West, these scopes cost twice what they did in Germany.
  The original caliber of the Model 1871 was the .50-70 Gov-
  ernment (Dmg 4d+2 pi+), until the .50-90 Sharps (see table)
  was introduced in 1872. This was the “Big Fifty” of buffalo-
  hunting fame. In the 1874 Battle of Adobe Walls in Texas, buf-
  falo hunter Billy Dixon ended the Indian attack by shooting a
  Comanche warrior at 1,538 yards with a “Big Fifty.” To model
  such shooting, see Precision Aiming (Tactical Shooting, pp. 26-
  27) and Bullet Travel (Tactical Shooting, p. 32).
  Other calibers included the .40-90 Sharps (Dmg 5d pi+, from
  1873), .44-77 Sharps (Dmg 5d pi+, 1871), .45-70 Springfield
  (Dmg 4d+2 pi+, 1873), .45-75 Sharps (Dmg 5d pi+, 1875), and
  .45-100 Sharps (Dmg 5d+1 pi+, 1876). Choosing a larger caliber
  makes particular sense if using Bigger Is Better (Loadouts:
  Monster Hunters, p. 9). The .40- and .50-caliber chamberings
  were dropped from regular production in the late 1870s. From
  then on, they were available only as special orders.
  The Sporting Model 1874 is used anachronistically by gun-
  slinger “Blondie” in The Good, the Bad and the Ugly and
  prospector Hull Barret in Pale Rider. Scout Bob Valdez has one
  in Valdez is Coming.
  The Long Range Model 1874 (1874-1881) had a 34” barrel,
  set trigger, and detachable vernier rear sight. It came in several
  calibers, including the .45-110 Sharps (from 1876): Dmg 5d+1
  pi+, Acc 5, Range 630/4,000, Wt. 13.6/0.1, ST 13†, Rcl 5, Cost
  $2,750. Treat as fine (accurate). Only 429 were made. This is
  used by buffalo hunter Wyatt Earp in Wyatt Earp and bounty
  hunter Cole Wilson in Dead Man. In Quigley Down Under, buf-
  falo hunter Matthew Quigley uses a .45-110 rifle with match
  bullets, similar to the Long Range Model; this is intended to
  represent a transitional Sharps Model 1863 converted to car-
  tridge use and fitted with a new barrel and sights.
  Winchester Model 1876, 
  .45-75 Winchester (USA, 1877-1897)
  The Model 1876 rifle with a 28” barrel was chambered for a
  more powerful cartridge than previous Winchester lever-
  actions, for use against dangerous game. Adventurer Teddy
  Roosevelt (Who’s Who 2, pp. 96-97) favored it during his time
  in the West. It was likewise popular with English big-game
  hunters in Africa and India.
  From 1879, it also came in .45-60 Winchester (Dmg 4d+1
  pi+) or .50-95 Winchester Express (Dmg 4d+2 pi+, Range
  400/2,500, Wt. 10.7/0.66, Shots 11+1(2i), Rcl 4, Cost $550), and
  from 1884, in .40-60 Winchester (Dmg 4d pi+). Carbines with
  a 22” barrel and sling ring (Tactical Shooting, p. 71) were
  made, mainly in .45-75 Winchester: Dmg 4d-1 pi+, Range
  300/3,400, Wt. 8.9/0.7, Shots 8+1(2i), Bulk -5, Cost $425. Some
  64,000 were made of all versions.
  For five times the usual cost, an enthusiast could buy “one
  of a thousand.” These were more accurate and engraved full-
  sized rifles: Treat as fine (accurate), and giving +2 to reactions
  (see p. 4). Only 50 were made, all in 1877.
  The Canadian Northwest Mounted Police (Old West, p. 99)
  issued the carbine in .45-75 from 1878 until 1914, with a ban-
  doleer holding 20 spare rounds. Outlaw “Grat” Dalton had one
  when he was killed in Kansas during the Dalton brothers’ last
  bank robbery in 1892. A Model 1876 carbine is used by range
  detective Tom Horn in Tom Horn and, with buttstock ammu-
  nition loops (Tactical Shooting, p. 73), by cowboy Rafe
  Covington in Crossfire Trail.
  Remington-Keene Model 1880 Sporter, 
  .45-70 Springfield (USA, 1880-1888)
  Developed by James Keene and produced by Remington,
  this bolt-action rifle had a tube magazine below its 24” barrel.
  Bolt-actions weren’t popular in the U.S. at the time, and it saw
  slow sales. Only some 5,000 were made. Many were sold off at
  cut-rate prices from 1887. More than 200 were bought in 1884
  by the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs (Old West, p. 98) and
  issued to Indian reservation police in the Southwest. A
  Remington-Keene Sporter is used with a 5¥ scope (+2 Acc,
  $250, 3 lbs.) by gunslinger Beau Dorn in Crossfire Trail and
  bounty hunter Olin Mingo in Joe Kidd.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  31
  Elliott Marston: Ah-ha. Legendary Sharps.
  Matthew Quigley: You know your weapons . . . It’s converted
  to use a special .45-caliber, 110-grain metal cartridge, with 
  a 540-grain paper patch bullet. It’s fitted with double set triggers,
  and a vernier sight.
  – Quigley Down Under
  
  Greener Elephant Rifle, 8-bore (U.K., 1881-1914)
  This double-barreled rifle had exposed hammers and rela-
  tively short barrels. Its huge, old-fashioned cartridge fired a
  short-ranged ball projectile. Elephant rifles were popular with
  white hunters in Africa and Asia until the Great War for taking
  down elephant, rhino, and buffalo. Such a rifle can be seen
  wielded by Sir John Talbot in The Wolfman.
  Colt Lightning Rifle, 
  .44-40 Winchester (USA, 1884-1904)
  This pump-action rifle had a 26” barrel and underbarrel tube
  magazine. It lacked a disconnector – it could be fired by keeping
  the trigger pressed and pumping the action, increasing RoF to 3.
  Some 90,000 were made, including the shorter Lightning
  Carbine with a 20” barrel: Dmg 3d-1 pi+, Range 270/2,000, Wt.
  6.8/0.52, Shots 12+1(2i), Cost $440. There was even a so-called
  Lightning Baby Carbine, with a lightened frame and 20” barrel:
  3d-1 pi+, Range 270/2,000, Wt. 5.8/0.52, Shots 12+1(2i), Bulk -5,
  Cost $440. This was only offered in 1885. Rifle and carbine were
  available in .32-20 Winchester (Dmg 2d+1 pi-), .38-40
  Winchester (Dmg 3d+1 pi+), and .44-40 Winchester (in table).
  The Colt Lightning Express Rifle (1887-1894) was built on a
  heavier frame and chambered for more powerful cartridges,
  including the .38-56 Winchester (Dmg 4d pi), .40-65 Winches-
  ter (Dmg 4d pi+), .45-60 (Dmg 4d+1 pi+), .45-85 Winchester
  (Dmg 4d+2 pi+), and .50-95 Winchester Express (Dmg 4d+2
  pi+). Only 6,500 were made.
  Bullard Express, .50-115 Bullard (USA, 1886-1890)
  The Bullard Repeating Rifle was a lever-action design with
  a 28” barrel and underbarrel tube magazine. The larger pat-
  tern was available in several calibers, including the .40-70
  Bullard (Dmg 4d pi+), .40-90 Bullard (Dmg 4d+1 pi+), .45-70
  Springfield (Dmg 4d+2 pi+), .45-75 (Dmg 4d+1 pi+), .45-85
  Bullard (Dmg 4d+2 pi+), and .50-115 Bullard (in table). Some
  3,000 were made. The big .50-115 weapon was a favorite of
  Theodore Roosevelt (Who’s Who 2, pp. 96-97). More than
  10,000 were made.
  Lebel Mle 1886, 8×50mmR Lebel 
  (France, 1886-1919)
  The Fusil d’Infanterie Lebel Modèle 1886 (“Lebel infantry
  rifle model 1886”), made by French arsenals to Nicolas Lebel’s
  design, was the first smokeless-powder, medium-caliber mili-
  tary rifle. Some four million were produced. The Lebel was
  widely distributed – the French Foreign Legion and colonial
  army used it in their conquests in Asia and Africa.
  The Mle 1886 was a bolt-action weapon with a 32” barrel
  and an eight-round tubular underbarrel magazine. It could
  hold a round in the chamber and another in the cartridge car-
  rier between magazine and chamber, for a total of 10 when
  fully loaded. French soldiers were issued 15 paper packs hold-
  ing eight rounds each, the 120 rounds to be carried in their
  leather load-bearing equipment (High-Tech, p. 54). The rifle
  was designed to mount a 1.1-lb. socket bayonet (Reach 1, 2*).
  Winchester Model 1886, 
  .45-70 Springfield (USA, 1886-1922)
  Based on the preceding Winchester models, this version
  had the action strengthened and lengthened to take more
  powerful cartridges, including the .38-56 Winchester (Dmg 4d
  pi), .40-82 Winchester (Dmg 4d pi+), .45-70 Springfield (in
  table), .45-90 Winchester (Dmg 4d+2 pi+), and .50-110 Express
  (Dmg 5d pi+). Almost 160,000 were made.
  The Model 1886 in .38-56 was the favorite long arm of bank
  robber Henry Starr until he traded it in for a Remington Model
  8 semiautomatic (pp. 34-35). Theodore Roosevelt replaced his
  Winchester Model 1876 (p. 31) with one in .45-90 Winchester.
  On his Polar Expedition of 1909, explorer Robert Peary brought
  along several of these rifles in .40-82 Winchester.
  Monster hunter Juan Pedilla uses a rifle in .45-70 in Tremors
  4: The Legend Begins. Cowboy Monte Walsh employs carbine in
  .50-110 in Simon Wincer’s Monte Walsh.
  Steyr-Mannlicher M.88, 
  8×50mmR Mannlicher (Austria, 1888-1896)
  The Infanterie-Repetier-Gewehr Modell 1888 (“infantry
  repeating rifle model 1888”) was a straight-pull bolt-action
  weapon with a 30.1” barrel and an integral magazine loaded
  with en bloc clips (High-Tech, p. 245). The M.88 was designed
  by Ferdinand Mannlicher and made by Steyr and FÉG for the
  troops of the Austro-Hungarian empire. Some 350,000 were
  produced. It could mount a 1-lb. knife bayonet (Reach 1, 2*).
  In 1890, it was re-sighted for a new cartridge using smokeless
  propellant (p. 17): Dmg 6d+1 pi, Range 1,000/4,400. Infantry
  troops carried 40 rounds in eight clips in leather load-bearing
  equipment (High-Tech, p. 54).
  Lee-Metford Mk I, .303 British (U.K., 1889-1892)
  The Lee-Metford Mark I served the British Army during the
  late 19th century. Some 360,000 were made. It was one of the
  fastest bolt-action rifles to operate. It had a magazine topped
  up with single cartridges. The magazine was detachable (0.8
  lb.) but normally not used as such – each rifle came with only
  one. If a spare magazine is available, reloading takes only three
  Ready maneuvers. British infantry carried 102-104 loose car-
  tridges in leather load-bearing equipment (High-Tech, p. 54),
  including either two or four in loops on the exterior of the
  pouches for easy access (Tactical Shooting, p. 42). For a
  short time, a single loaded spare magazine was also packed
  in a separate pouch. Mounted infantry transported 50 rounds
  in a bandoleer (High-Tech, p. 54). The rifle took a 1.3-lb.
  sword bayonet (Reach 1, 2*).
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  32
  [The Winchester is] really 
  a wonderful machine for
  protection or destruction of life.
  – John Johnston, 
  Fire Arms,
  Ammunition, Shooting
  and Fishing Tackle
  
  The Lee-Metford Mk II (1892-1895) introduced a 10-round
  magazine: Dmg 5d+2 pi, Range 700/3,000, Wt. 9.9/0.55, Shots
  10+1(3i), Bulk -6, Cost $725/$28. This was the standard rifle
  used at Omdurman in 1898 and during the Second Anglo-
  Boer War (Steampunk, p. 121). The British issued hollow-
  point ammo (High-Tech, p. 166) from 1897 to 1899, which
  had been originally designed in 1895 at Dum Dum Arsenal for
  Indian service: Dmg 5d+2(0.5) pi+. This weapon was used
  until it was replaced by the SMLE Mk I (High-Tech, p. 112),
  beginning in 1903.
  The BSA Lee-Speed No. 1 (1892-1914) was a sporting pat-
  tern with slimmer handguard and a shorter magazine: Dmg
  5d+2 pi, Wt. 7.6/0.28, Shots 5+1(3i), ST 9†, Bulk -6, Cost
  $1,000. Although many were bought in .303 British, this
  hunting weapon was also available in 7¥57mm Mauser
  (dubbed the .276-caliber by the British; Dmg 6d+2 pi),
  8¥50mmR Mannlicher (known as .315-caliber; Dmg 6d+1 pi),
  and .375 Flanged Nitro Express (Dmg 6d pi; 1899-1914). 
  A Lee-Speed is anachronistically wielded by aesthete Lawrence
  Talbot in The Wolfman. British Lieutenant Colonel John
  Patterson uses it in The Ghost and the Darkness.
  GPK Gew88, 7.92×57mm Mauser 
  (Germany, 1889-1897)
  The Reichsgewehr Modell 1888 (“imperial rifle model 1888”)
  was designed for the German army by the Gewehr-Prüfungs -
  kommission (“rifle-testing commission”). It was subcontracted
  to several German and Austrian arsenals, as well as private pro-
  ducers such as Ludwig Loewe. Some 1.7 million were made. By
  the turn of the century, it was replaced with the Mauser Gew98
  (p. 34), and many Gew88 were gradually sold as surplus, espe-
  cially to China. It was a bolt-action weapon with a 30” barrel,
  employing an en bloc clip (High-Tech, p. 245). It could mount a
  1-lb. sword bayonet (Reach 1, 2*). German infantry carried 170
  rounds in leather load-bearing equipment (High-Tech, p. 54).
  The GPK Karabiner Modell 1888 (1889-1896), or Kar88, was
  issued to the cavalry and other units in need of a shorter rifle:
  Dmg 6d-1 pi, Wt. 7.3/0.3, Bulk -5, Cost $650.
  Mosin-Nagant PV-1891, 
  7.62×54mmR Mosin-Nagant (Russia, 1891-1922)
  The bolt-action Pekhotniya Vintovka obrazets 1891g (“infantry
  rifle model 1891”) was the standard Russian rifle until the 1930s.
  Some 10 million were made. It used five-round charger clips;
  Russian infantry were issued 60 rounds in 12 clips, carried in
  leather load-bearing equipment (High-Tech, p. 54).
  The Mosin-Nagant accepted a 1.1-lb. socket bayonet (Reach
  1, 2*). The bayonet, while detachable, was always fixed. Not
  only was there no scabbard to sheath the blade, the rifle was
  shot in with the bayonet. Detaching it spoiled the barrel’s bal-
  ance, for -1 Acc; the rifleman typically shot too high without it!
  Mannlicher-Carcano Mod 91, 
  6.5×52mm Mannlicher-Carcano (Italy, 1892-1937)
  The Fucile di Fanteria Modello 1891 (“infantry rifle model
  1891”) was the bolt-action rifle that served the Italian mili-
  tary in its war with Ethiopia from 1895 to 1896, the war with
  the Ottoman Empire from 1911 to 1912, and the Great War.
  More than four million were made. It employed a modified
  Mauser action and a six-round Mannlicher en bloc clip (High-
  Tech, p. 245). Italian soldiers were issued 96 rounds in 16
  clips and carried them in leather load-bearing gear (High-
  Tech, p. 54). The Mod 91 was provided with a 1-lb. sword
  bayonet (Reach 1, 2*).
  The Moschetto di Cavalleria Mod 91
  (1893-1924) was a cavalry carbine: Dmg 5d
  pi, Acc 4, Range 690/2,900, Wt. 7.3/0.3,
  Bulk -5, Cost $800. It featured an integral
  bayonet that folded under the 17.8” barrel.
  The almost identical Moschetto per Truppe
  Speciali (TS) Mod 91 (1897-1924) was
  issued to drivers, artillery crews, and other
  specialists: same stats.
  Winchester Model 1892, 
  .44-40 Winchester 
  (USA, 1892-1941)
  The Model 1892 replaced the ’73 as the
  standard Winchester lever-action, being
  lighter and cheaper. Most were made in
  .44-40 Winchester, but other calibers
  included .32-20 Winchester (Dmg 2d+1 pi)
  and .38-40 Winchester (Dmg 3d+1 pi+),
  and from 1895, .25-20 Winchester (Dmg 2d pi-). It was also
  offered with a half-length magazine: Wt. 7.2/0.26, Shots
  6+1(2i). British Colonel Percy Fawcett (GURPS Cliffhangers,
  p. 39) famously used a .44-40 to kill a giant anaconda in 1907
  while exploring the Amazon.
  The Model 1892 short rifle/carbine (1893-1941) had a 20”
  barrel and sling ring (Tactical Shooting, p. 71): Dmg 3d-1 pi+,
  Range 270/2,000, Wt. 6.2/0.47, Shots 11+1(2i), Cost $450. The
  custom-made trapper’s carbine (1893-1941) had a 14” barrel
  and sling ring: Dmg 3d-2 pi+, Range 250/1,800, Wt. 5.5/0.3,
  Shots 7+1(2i), Bulk -4, Cost $500. The latter was a scarce
  weapon in the Wild West, most being exported to Australia and
  South America. The rifle was also available in a takedown ver-
  sion for $140 and 1 lb. extra.
  In fiction, outlaws Pike Bishop and Deke Thornton have the
  short rifle in The Wild Bunch. It’s also used by outlaw Ramón
  Rojo in A Fistful of Dollars, rancher Tom Doniphon in The Man
  Who Shot Liberty Valance, and veteran Ethan Edwards in The
  Searchers. With an extra-large loop ($100) for large hands or
  one-handed repeating (Gun Fu, p. 21), it features in The
  Rifleman, Stagecoach, and Henry Hathaway’s True Grit. In cin-
  ema, this rifle often stands in for earlier Winchester patterns.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  33
  
  With the barrel cut down to 12” and the shoulder stock
  sawn off (Gun Fu, p. 41), the Model 1892 serves as a “Mare’s
  Leg” for outlaw Stoney in Once Upon a Time in the West,
  Marshall Josh Randall in Wanted: Dead or Alive, and First Mate
  Zoë Alleyne Washburne in Firefly: Dmg 2d+2 pi+, Acc 2, Range
  120/1,300, Wt. 6.5/0.3, Shots 6+1(2i), ST 11†, Bulk -3, Rcl 3.
  This is entirely a cinematic gimmick.
  Krag-Jørgensen M1892, 
  .30-40 Krag (USA, 1894-1897)
  The Krag-Jørgensen bolt-action rifle was developed in Nor-
  way. Modified for U.S. Army service, the design was adopted
  as the Model of 1892 to replace the Springfield M1873 (p. 30).
  It was made in the United States at Springfield Arsenal from
  1894. The M1892 had a curious built-in horizontal magazine
  located on the right side, which was filled using a five-round
  charger clip or loose cartridges. The rifle accepted a 1.3-lb.
  sword bayonet (Reach 1, 2*). Almost 25,000 rifles were made.
  These saw service in the Spanish-American War, as well as in
  the Moro Rebellion in the Philippines.
  After minor modifications, the rifle was replaced in produc-
  tion by the M1896 (1896-1899): Wt. 9.2/0.3. Some 62,000 were
  made; most of the older M1892 rifles were also converted to
  this standard. This was the U.S. Army’s standard rifle during
  the Spanish-American War. Infantry troops were issued a can-
  vas cartridge belt (p. 46) with loops holding 100 loose rounds;
  cavalry belts held 100 rifle rounds and 12 cartridges for the
  Colt M1892 revolver (p. 17). It can be seen in the hands of U.S.
  Marines in The Wind and the Lion.
  Winchester Model 1894, 
  .30-30 Winchester (USA, 1895-2006)
  The Model 1894 was Winchester’s first smokeless-powder
  rifle (p. 17), and the earliest such weapon commonly available
  in America. It was operationally identical to the long line of
  lever-action Winchester rifles (no unfamiliarity penalty). More
  than six million were eventually made. Mexico adopted it as
  the Mod 1903 for the Rurales. It saw wide use in the Mexican
  Revolution of 1910. The weapon was infamously employed by
  the auto-bandits of the French Bonnot gang from 1910 to 1912.
  It’s used anachronistically by outlaw “Lucky Ned” Pepper in
  Henry Hathaway’s True Grit. The Mexican revolutionaries are
  armed with it in Duck, You Sucker!
  The most desirable version was the short rifle/carbine (in
  table) with a 20” barrel and sling ring (Tactical Shooting,
  p. 71). It was actually more common as a full-sized rifle with a
  26” barrel: Dmg 6d-1 pi, Range 850/3,500, Wt. 7.9/0.38, Shots
  8+1(2i), Bulk -6, Cost $500. The rifle was available in a take-
  down version for $140 and 1 lb. extra. Its original caliber was
  not the famous .30-30 Winchester (first available from 1895),
  but rather the .32-40 Ballard (Dmg 4d-1 pi, 1894-1936) or .38-
  55 Ballard (Dmg 5d-1 pi, 1894-1936).
  Mauser Gew98, 7.92×57mm Mauser 
  (Germany, 1900-1918)
  The Gewehr 98 (“rifle model 1898”) was the standard rifle of
  the German military from the turn of the 20th century, replac-
  ing the Gew88 (p. 33). It was a bolt-action weapon with a 29.1”
  barrel. More than five million were made until the end of the
  Great War. German Marineinfanterie used the Gew98 during
  the Boxer Rebellion in 1900 (GURPS China, pp. 98-99). Ger-
  man explorer Paul Graetz took one along when he crossed
  Africa in his custom-made Gaggenau automobile from 1907 to
  1908. Professor Moriaty’s German security guards use them in
  Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows. Several Gew98 rifles are
  part of the armament of the submarine U-33 in The Land That
  Time Forgot, and used to take down an allosaurus (compare
  with GURPS Lands Out of Time, p. 26).
  The Gew98 used five-round charger clips. Standard issue
  for German infantry was 90 rounds in 18 clips, carried in six
  pouches on leather load-bearing equipment (High-Tech, p. 54).
  Other users preferred bandoleers (High-Tech, p. 54) with 10-12
  clips in pouches or 50 loose cartridges in loops. The Gew98
  could mount a 1-lb. knife bayonet (Reach 1, 2*).
  Rifles made from 1905 were designed to use a new car-
  tridge with a slightly larger and more modern pointed bullet
  and a hotter loading (Dmg 7d+1 pi, Range 1,100/4,400); this
  version is listed in High-Tech. The new cartridge was confus-
  ingly still called the 7.92¥57mm Mauser, although to be
  exact, the original cartridge was from then on appended with
  an “I” for Infanterie, and the later design with an “IS” for
  Infanterie Spitzer. Firing the original ammunition in a later
  rifle worsens Malf. to 16, while new modern load couldn’t be
  fired from the older rifle at all.
  Mauser rifles similar to the Gew98 but in different cal-
  ibers were widely adopted abroad (and often built under
  license). These included in 6.5¥55mm Mauser (Dmg 6d pi)
  by Sweden (m/96); in 7¥57mm Mauser (Dmg 6d+2 pi) by
  Brazil (M894 and M908), Chile (Mod 1895 and Mod 1904),
  Colombia (Mod 1895 and Mod 1907), Costa Rica (Mod 1910),
  Guatemala (Mod 1910), Mexico (Mod 1902 and Mod 1910),
  and Venezuela (Mod 1910); and in 7.65¥53mm Mauser (Dmg
  6d+2 pi) by Argentina (Mod 1909), Bolivia (Mod 1891 and
  Mod 1907), Paraguay (Mod 1907), Peru (Mod 1909), and the
  Ottoman Empire.
  The Mexican Mod 1910 can be seen used by Mapache’s sol-
  diers in The Wild Bunch.
  Remington Model 8, 
  .35 Remington (USA, 1906-1936)
  This Browning invention was the earliest successful self-load-
  ing rifle. It had a 22” barrel and an integral magazine that could
  be loaded with five-round charger clips (in table) or with indi -
  vidual cartridges (reloading takes two seconds per cartridge). 
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  34
  The revolutionists were armed with a wide variety of guns. These had been acquired by
  purchase, capture or theft, as the opportunity presented. Their most popular rifle was the light
  handy .30-30 Winchester carbine. It was designed strictly for sporting purposes and would
  overheat quickly from rapid fire.
  – William Sterling, Trails and Trials of a Texas Ranger
  
  It broke down into two parts for easy stowage (Holdout -3).
  The Model 8 was available in alternative chamberings includ-
  ing .25 Remington (Dmg 5d-1 pi) and .30 Remington (Dmg
  5d pi), but the majority were made in .35-caliber. While the
  calibers for which it was chambered were best for deer or 
  elk, company ad copy stressed its effect on bears, including
  grizzlies. Better-styled specimens with fancier stocks, factory
  engraving, and a silver or gold nameplate cost up to six times
  as much (+2 reactions, see p. 4).
  Several of Pancho Villa’s bodyguards were armed with it
  during the Mexican Revolution. Outlaw Henry Hammond uses
  it in Ride the High Country.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  35
  Muskets and Rifles Table
  See pp. B268-271 and High-Tech, p. 79, for an explanation of the statistics.
  GUNS (RIFLE) (DX-4 or most other Guns at -2)
  TL Weapon
  Damage
  Acc
  Range
  Weight
  RoF
  Shots
  ST
  Bulk
  Rcl
  Cost
  LC Notes
  5
  Enfield P/1853, .577 Caplock
  3d+2 pi+
  3
  120/1,200
  9.3/0.086
  1
  1(20)
  10†
  -6
  4
  $285
  3
  [1]
  5
  Volcanic Repeating Rifle, 
  2d-1 pi+
  3
  70/800
  8/0.45
  2
  25+1(2i)
  8†
  -5
  2
  $900
  3
  .41 Volcanic
  5
  Colt M1855 Revolving Rifle, 
  3d pi+
  3
  100/1,100
  9.9/0.4
  1
  5(10i)
  10†
  -6
  4
  $970
  3
  [1]
  .56 Caplock
  5
  Whitworth Rifle, .451 Caplock
  5d pi+
  5
  500/3,200
  9/0.09
  1
  1(60)
  11†
  -6
  5
  $12,750
  3
  [1]
  5
  Sharps M1859, .52 Caplock
  4d+1 pi+
  3
  260/2,900
  8.9/0.075
  1
  1(5)
  10†
  -5
  4
  $600
  3
  [2]
  5
  Springfield M1861, .58 Caplock
  3d+2 pi+
  3
  120/1,200
  9.3/0.086
  1
  1(20)
  10†
  -6
  4
  $450
  3
  [1]
  5
  Henry Repeating Rifle, .44 Henry
  2d+1 pi+
  3
  250/1,900
  10.1/0.67
  2
  15+1(2i)
  9†
  -5
  2
  $880
  3
  5
  Spencer M1860, .56-56 Spencer
  3d+2 pi+
  3
  180/2,000
  8.8/0.5
  1
  7+1(16)
  9†
  -5
  3
  $550
  3
  5
  Winchester Model 1866, .44 Henry
  2d+1 pi+
  3
  250/1,900
  9.8/0.77
  2
  17+1(2i)
  8†
  -5
  2
  $450
  3
  5
  Remington No. 1 Rolling Block, 
  4d+2 pi+
  4
  450/2,800
  9.2/0.086
  1
  1(3)
  10†
  -6
  4
  $600
  3
  .50-70 Government
  5
  Berdan PVB-1870, 
  5d pi+
  4
  550/3,500
  9.9/0.094
  1
  1(3)
  10†
  -6
  4
  $500
  3
  10.67¥58mmR Berdan
  5
  Martini-Henry Mk I, .450 MH
  5d pi+
  4
  550/3,500
  8.9/0.11
  1
  1(3)
  10†
  -6
  4
  $550
  3
  5
  Mauser IG71, 11.15¥60mmR Mauser
  5d-1 pi+
  4
  550/3,500
  10.1/0.092
  1
  1(3)
  10†
  -6
  4
  $500
  3
  5
  Evans Sporter, .44 Evans Short
  2d+1 pi+
  3
  200/1,500
  11.1/1.53
  1
  34+1(2i)
  9†
  -6
  2
  $675
  3
  5
  Springfield M1873, .45-70 Springfield 4d+2 pi+
  4
  470/3,000
  9.2/0.083
  1
  1(3)
  10†
  -6
  4
  $250
  3
  5
  Winchester Model 1873, 
  3d pi+
  3
  300/2,200
  10/0.73
  2
  17+1(2i)
  9†
  -5
  2
  $400
  3
  .44-40 Winchester
  5
  Sharps Sporting Model 1874, 
  5d pi+
  4
  360/3,900
  10.7/0.11
  1
  1(3)
  11†
  -6
  4
  $1,000
  3
  .50-90 Sharps
  5
  Winchester Model 1876, 
  4d+1 pi+
  4
  370/2,300
  10.1/1
  2
  12+1(2i)
  10†
  -5
  3
  $460
  3
  .45-75 Winchester
  6
  Remington-Keene Model 1880 
  4d+2 pi+
  4
  470/3,000
  9.7/0.66
  2
  8+1(2i)
  10†
  -6
  4
  $600
  3
  Sporter, .45-70 Springfield
  5
  Greener Elephant Rifle, 8-bore
  6d+2 pi++
  4
  180/1,800
  12/0.5
  1
  2(3i)
  13†
  -5
  7
  $3,000
  3
  [3]
  6
  Colt Lightning Rifle, .44-40 
  3d pi+
  3
  300/2,200
  8.8/0.65
  2
  15+1(2i)
  9†
  -5
  2
  $440
  3
  6
  Bullard Express, .50-115 Bullard
  5d pi+
  4
  360/4,000
  11/1.2
  1
  10+1(3)
  11†
  -6
  4
  $1,000
  3
  6
  Lebel Mle 1886, 8¥50mmR Lebel 
  6d+2 pi
  5
  800/3,300
  10/0.5
  1
  8+2(3i)
  10†
  -6
  4
  $600
  3
  6
  Winchester Model 1886, .45-70
  4d+2 pi+
  4
  470/3,000
  9.9/0.69
  2
  8+1(2i)
  10†
  -5
  4
  $650
  3
  6
  Steyr-Mannlicher M.88, 8¥50mmR
  5d+1 pi
  5
  800/3,300
  9.2/0.3
  1
  5(2i)
  10†
  -6
  4
  $600
  3
  6
  Lee-Metford Mk I, .303 British
  5d+2 pi
  5
  800/3,300
  9.9/0.44
  1
  8(2i)
  10†
  -5
  3
  $700
  3
  6
  GPK Gew88, 7.92¥57mm
  6d+1 pi
  5 1,000/4,200
  8.7/0.3
  1
  5+1(3)
  10†
  -6
  4
  $700
  3
  6
  Mosin-Nagant PV-1891, 7.62¥54mmR
  7d+1 pi
  5 1,100/4,800
  9.2/0.3
  1
  5(3)
  10†
  -6
  4
  $700
  3
  6
  Mannlicher-Carcano Mod 91, 
  5d+2 pi
  5
  750/3,200
  8.9/0.3
  1
  6(3)
  9†
  -6
  3
  $800
  3
  6.5¥52mm Mannlicher-Carcano
  6
  Winchester Model 1892, .44-40
  3d pi+
  3
  300/2,200
  7.6/0.56
  2
  13+1(2i)
  9†
  -5
  2
  $420
  3
  6
  Krag-Jørgensen M1892, .30-40 Krag
  6d+1 pi
  5 1,000/3,900
  9.6/0.3
  1
  5+1(3i)
  10†
  -5
  4
  $650
  3
  6
  Winchester Model 1894, .30-30
  5d+2 pi
  5
  790/3,300
  7.2/0.3
  2
  6+1(2i)
  9†
  -5
  3
  $450
  3
  6
  Mauser Gew98, 7.92¥57mm Mauser 
  6d+1 pi
  5 1,000/4,200
  9.5/0.3
  1
  5(3)
  11†
  -5
  4
  $900
  3
  6
  Remington Model 8, .35 Remington
  5d+2 pi
  5
  800/3,500
  7.9/0.3
  3
  5(3)
  9†
  -5
  3
  $800
  3
  Notes
  [1] Unreliable. Malfunctions on 16+ (see p. B407).
  [3] Lacks sling swivels (High-Tech, p. 154).
  [2] Very Unreliable. Malfunctions on 15+ (see p. B407).
  
  MECHANICAL MACHINE GUNS
  It occurred to me, that if I could invent a machine – a gun –
  which could by rapidity of fire, enable one man to do as much
  battle duty as a hundred, that it would, to a great extent, super-
  sede the necessity of large armies, and consequently, exposure to
  battle and disease be greatly diminished.
  – Richard Gatling, letter from 1877
  Few devices symbolize the advances of the industrialization
  at TL5 as drastically as the manually operated mechanical
  machine gun. Unlike modern machine guns, they were special-
  purpose weapons ill-suited for conventional warfare. Nonethe-
  less, they were perfect for outnumbered users in colonial
  expeditions and for the defense of ships, fortresses, and belea-
  guered outposts.
  Carr & Avery Union Repeating Gun, 
  .58 Caplock (USA, 1861-1865)
  Also known as the “Ager Coffee Mill Gun,” the “Devil’s Cof-
  fee Mill,” or the “Army on a Six-Foot Square,” this gun was
  invented in New York in 1861, although it isn’t clear whether
  Wilson Ager, who patented it in 1866, was really its inventor.
  Carr and Avery made the guns. U.S. President Abraham Lin-
  coln himself bought the first 10 guns, with his own money, for
  the Union Army. At least 64 guns were purchased in different
  lots for various units of the Union forces, such as the 28th
  Pennsylvania Volunteers and 56th New York Volunteers. Some
  were mounted on river patrol boats. One was bought by
  Venezuela. After the Civil War, prospective adventurers could
  buy surplus weapons for 50% cost or less!
  The Ager had a single barrel, but a breech not unlike a
  revolver. It fired standard-issue .58 paper cartridges as used
  by the Springfield M1861 rifle-musket (p. 27), which were
  inserted into steel cylinders, primed with a percussion cap
  (total weight 0.5 lb.), and fed from a gravity hopper. Prepping
  the cylinders takes five seconds each. The concept was simi-
  lar to a coffee mill, hence its name: Up to 20 cylinders were
  dropped into the hopper, a crank on the right side of the
  breech was turned, chambering and firing a round, ejecting
  the cylinder for reloading, and at the same time bringing the
  next round into position. It was susceptible to a myriad of
  jams and malfunctions, especially if fired faster than RoF 1
  for more than a few seconds.
  The weapon was mounted on a two-wheeled artillery car-
  riage (450 lbs. including gun), which was drawn by two horses.
  Chests on the carriage took a spare barrel and stored the gun
  disassembled on the move. Most also had a gun shield (DR 15).
  Gatling M1874, 
  .45-70 Springfield (USA, 1874-1877)
  In 1862, Dr. Richard Gatling patented a gun that consisted
  of a cluster of barrels rotated by a crank on the right-hand
  side of the breech and fed by a gravity hopper. Each turn of
  the crank fed, fired, and extracted a round. About 1,200
  Gatling guns of various patterns were produced in the United
  States. The American military acquired some 725 Gatlings.
  The rest were either bought by citizens and police depart-
  ments, or exported. Hundreds were license-made in Austria,
  Britain, and Russia, or copied in China.
  The 10-barreled Model of 1874 was the classic Gatling used
  by the U.S. Army, which acquired 82. It was mounted on a two-
  wheeled artillery carriage (560 lbs. with gun) and came with a
  separate two-wheeled limber (840 lbs.) holding 2,000 rounds in
  50 magazines. Carriage and limber (which add $6,500 to the
  gun’s cost) were linked together and drawn by four horses. A
  40-lb. tripod was offered ($1,800) but seldom bought, despite
  enabling a single pack animal to carry both mount and gun.
  The U.S. Navy acquired the weapon as the Model of 1875
  (1875-1876). It armed its battleships and cruisers with four on
  deck mounts (p. B467) until after the turn of the 20th century.
  From 1902, the U.S. military gradually sold them off as surplus
  for 50% cost.
  The M1874 had 32” barrels and fed from a detachable 
  40-round hopper magazine (8 lbs.). It could also use the 400-
  round Broadwell drum ($750, 60 lbs.). This was a circular
  cluster of 20 vertical 20-round hoppers; after firing 20
  rounds, the gunner had to rotate the drum manually to align
  the next cell with the feeder. Rotating the drum takes two
  Ready maneuvers – or one, if an assistant does it. Installing a
  new drum takes 10 seconds.
  The M1874 can be seen in many films, often mounted on
  the historically uncommon tripod or on a coach (High-Tech,
  p. 232). These include James Mangold’s 3:10 to Yuma, The War
  Wagon, Bad Girls, The Last Samurai, and Sherlock Holmes: A
  Game of Shadows. The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly shows the
  gun, despite the film being set in 1862; the weapon has both
  box and drum magazines. Monster hunter Hiram Gummer
  demonstrates the looks, works, and sounds in Tremors 4: The
  Legend Begins. The almost identical Model 1872 is shown
  anachronistically in The Outlaw Josey Wales.
  The original, six-barreled Model of 1862 (1862-1866) fired
  the .58 Berdan rimfire cartridge: Malf. 14, Dmg 5d pi+, Acc 3,
  Range 230/2,300, EWt. 390/7, RoF 3, Shots 50(3i), ST 31M,
  Bulk -12, Rcl 2, Cost $20,000/$50. It was mounted on a two-
  wheeled wooden artillery carriage (450 lbs. with gun). With a
  580-lb. limber holding 2,000 rounds, four horses pulled it. Only
  few were built. General Benjamin “Beast” Butler of the Union
  Army bought 12 and used them during the American Civil War.
  The New York Times acquired three, which were manned by
  staff during the New York riots in June 1863, but never fired.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  36
  The sand of the desert 
  is sodden red, –
  Red with the wreck of 
  a square that broke; –
  The Gatling’s jammed and
  the Colonel dead,
  And the regiment blind
  with dust and smoke.
  – Henry Newbolt, 
  “Vitaï Lampada”
  
  The six-barreled Model of 1866 (1866-1871), in .50-70 Gov-
  ernment, was the original-series production model: Malf. 15,
  Dmg 4d+2 pi+, Acc 4, Range 490/3,100, EWt. 224/3, RoF 10,
  Shots 22(5), ST 27M, Bulk -11, Rcl
  2, Cost $20,000/$50. The first 50
  entered U.S. Army service in 1867;
  22 more went to the Navy. Most
  were quickly converted to .45-70
  caliber (same stats). It was mounted
  on a two-wheeled artillery carriage
  (426 lbs. with gun). With a 470-lb.
  limber, four horses drew it. Four
  Gatlings were famously used on the
  Japanese warship Kotetsu by the
  Imperial forces during the Boshin
  War in 1869.
  At least 68 M1866 guns were
  made in the much larger 1” caliber
  (1866-1871): Malf. 15, Dmg 7d+1
  pi++, Acc 4, Range 420/2,700, EWt.
  1,008/18, RoF 5, Shots 20(5), ST
  39M, Bulk -12, Rcl 2, Cost
  $30,000/$60. These often fired can-
  ister: Dmg 2d-1 pi+, Acc 3, Range
  60/1,100, RoF 5¥15, Rcl 1.
  The 10-barreled Model of 1874
  Camel Gun (1874-1876), in .45-70,
  had stubby 18” barrels: Malf. 15,
  Dmg 4d pi+, Acc 3, Range
  360/2,300, EWt. 135/60, RoF 15,
  Shots 20¥20(10), ST 24M, Bulk -9,
  Rcl 2, Cost $16,000/$750. It could be
  mounted on a 40-lb. tripod ($1,800).
  The U.S. Army acquired 46 for the
  cavalry. The manufacturer proposed that the weapon be
  mounted on a camel saddle (GURPS Low-Tech, p. 135) and
  fired from the back of the animal, lying down – not on the move.
  While this was probably just a selling ploy (the U.S. Army didn’t
  have camels!), this feature meant the weapon could also be fit-
  ted to the howdah of an elephant (Low-Tech, p. 135) – or of a
  tame dinosaur, Martian pack animal, iron horse (Steampunk,
  p. 75), or steam elephant (GURPS Steam-Tech, pp. 83-84). Even
  without such a beast, its much-reduced weight was handy. Two
  men could carry the gun, tripod, and two (empty) Broadwell
  drums suspended from a pole. Gun, tripod, and four (empty)
  drums could fit onto a 35-lb. pack saddle (a heavy 312-lb. load).
  The five-barreled Model 1877 Bulldog (1877-1883), in .45-
  70, was the smallest variant, featuring 18” barrels: Malf. 15,
  Dmg 4d pi+, Acc 3, Range 360/2,300, EWt. 90/8, RoF 7, Shots
  40(5), ST 22M, Bulk -8, Rcl 2, Cost $14,000/$50. It was
  mounted on a 40-lb. tripod ($1,800). Intended for police serv-
  ice, it wasn’t very successful. Adventurers could surely find a
  niche for it, though . . . It could be mounted on a battlesuit
  (Steampunk, pp. 76-77). Bounty hunter Jonah Hex has two
  similar-but-fictional six-barreled Bulldog Gatlings in a for-
  ward-firing mount on his saddle in Jonah Hex.
  The 10-barreled Model of 1883 (1883-1889), firing the long-
  range .45-70 load, had its 32” barrels encased in a bronze
  shroud, protecting them and making them look like one fat bar-
  rel: Malf. 14, Dmg 5d pi+, Acc 4, Range 550/3,500, EWt.
  237/24.5, RoF 12, Shots 104(5), ST 26M, Bulk -10, Rcl 2, Cost
  $20,000/$2,000. It introduced the 104-round Accles Positive
  Feed drum, a donut-shaped device driven by the gun. This
  drum didn’t rely on gravity, allowing it to feed from the side
  instead of the top if required. This lowered the gun’s silhouette
  and allowed installation in
  places with low ceilings, such
  as bunkers or below-decks in a
  battleship or an armored train
  (Steam-Tech, pp. 80-82). Unfor-
  tunately, the drum’s feeding
  was less than “positive” and led
  to more jams. The M1883’s
  crank 
  had 
  two 
  positions.
  Installing it at the rear raises
  RoF to 25 but worsens Malf. to
  13. Forty were made for the
  U.S. Army and mounted on
  two-wheeled artillery carriages
  (831 lbs. with gun). Four horses
  pulled the weapon with a 754-
  lb. limber (holding four drums
  and 6,040 spare rounds). It can
  be seen fired by U.S. Army
  Lieutenant Terence McCool in
  The Real Glory.
  The 10-barreled Model 1890
  (1890-1893) was similar to the
  M1874 in using exposed 32”
  barrels and the 40-round hop-
  per magazine. However, it usu-
  ally fired the long-range .45-70
  cartridge: Dmg 5d pi+, Range
  550/3,500, Cost $20,000/$50.
  The U.S. military did not adopt
  this version. A Model 1890 on a
  40-lb. steel tripod ($1,800) can be seen in Rooster Cogburn.
  The 10-barreled Model of 1903 (1907-1911) was the final
  version, chambered for the .30-06 Springfield cartridge: Dmg
  7d+1 pi, Acc 5, Range 1,000/4,400, Cost $20,000/$50.
  From 1868, the Russian army acquired at least 520 guns
  similar to the M1874 but chambered in 10.67¥58mmR Berdan
  (Dmg 5d pi+). Known in Russia as the Gorlov, after the Russian
  military attaché who inspected it, it was still in use against the
  Japanese in 1904. Argentina, Chile, China, Cuba, Guatemala,
  Mexico, and Spain (Mod 1874) used similar Gatlings in
  11.15¥58mmR Spanish Remington (Dmg 5d pi+), while Egypt
  bought it in 11.4¥50mmR Egyptian Remington (Dmg 5d pi+),
  Hungary (1865M) in 11¥42mmR Werndl (Dmg 4d+2 pi+), and
  the Ottoman Empire in .58 Turkish Snider (Dmg 4d+2 pi+).
  Armstrong of England made a pattern similar to the M1874
  under license, known as the Gatling .450 G.G. Mk I (1874-
  1875). This was chambered for the .450 Gardner-Gatling car-
  tridge: Dmg 5d pi+, Acc 4, Range 700/2,500, EWt. 312/60, RoF
  10, Shots 22¥16(10), ST 27M, Bulk -9, Rcl 2, Cost $20,000/$750.
  While adopted in 1870, the guns were not delivered until 1874.
  Most went to the Royal Navy, which is why many colonial
  operations included a detachment of naval gunners. This ver-
  sion had 10 barrels and used Broadwell drum magazines. Its
  352-round Broadwell had 16 vertical slots, each holding 22
  rounds. The 240-round drum ($650, 50 lbs.) had 16 slots hold-
  ing 15 rounds. The weapon was mounted on a deck mount or
  a two-wheeled wooden artillery carriage (436 lbs.). It required
  a limber (387 lbs.) and four horses for travel.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  37
  
  The Royal Navy also acquired the Gatling .650 Mk I (1875-
  1878) in .650 Gatling for use on ships: Dmg 7d+1 pi++, Acc 4,
  Range 800/4,300, EWt. 414/46, RoF 6, Shots 10¥6(10), ST 29M,
  Bulk -11, Rcl 2, Cost $30,000/$650. Its Broadwell drum held 60
  rounds in six slots.
  Hotchkiss 1-pounder, 
  37×94mmR Hotchkiss (France, 1875-1896)
  The Hotchkiss rotary cannon, while externally similar to the
  Gatling (above), was bigger and differed internally. It had five
  rotating 29” barrels and fired a 1-lb. black-powder shell. This
  was the lightest exploding warhead allowed under the St.
  Petersburg Declaration of 1868 renouncing the use of explosive
  projectiles. Initially a naval weapon, it was intended as a
  defense against torpedo boats – contemporary torpedoes had a
  range of 400 yards, while the guns typically opened fire at
  1,000 yards. It was exported to more than 30 countries and
  license-made in Britain, Germany, Russia, and the United
  States. Other naval users included Austria, Chile, China, Den-
  mark, France, Greece, Holland, and Italy. The gun saw service
  during the Spanish-American War in 1898, and some were
  even used in the Great War.
  It would make a marvelous armament for steam launches
  (Steam-Tech, pp. 86-87), aerial gunships, aerial dreadnoughts
  (Steampunk, p. 81), ether steamships (GURPS Spaceships 7:
  Divergent and Paranormal Tech, p. 33), or ether ironclads
  (Spaceships 7, pp. 33-34).
  The cannon fed from a 10-round gravity hopper. A loader
  could top up the hopper with 10-round charger clips (18 lbs.)
  or loose rounds (1.4 lbs.) while it was firing. Aside from LE (in
  table), it fired solid (Dmg 5d¥2 pi++), canister (Dmg 1d+1 pi++,
  Acc 3, Range 60/1,200, RoF 1¥75, Rcl 1), and APEX (Dmg
  4d¥2(2) pi++ with 1d+2 [2d-1] cr ex follow-up) – the last avail-
  able from 1892.
  Naval guns were fitted on deck mounts (p. B467). Land-
  service guns were mounted on a two-wheeled artillery carriage
  (1,045 lbs. with gun), sometimes with a DR 15 gun shield
  (1,265 lbs. with gun). The limber held 100 shells in clips and
  200 loose (1,067 lbs. loaded). A wooden case with 60 rounds
  weighed 108 lbs.
  A heavy field gun (1877-1896) fired the longer 37¥111mmR
  Hotchkiss round: Dmg 5d¥3(0.5) pi++ with 2d [2d] cr ex fol-
  low-up, Acc 4, Range 1,300/5,500, EWt. 1,045/20, RoF 1, Shots
  10(5), ST 40M, Bulk -13, Rcl 2, Cost $22,000/$50. The U.S.
  Army used this version as the Model of 1879 on a horse-drawn,
  two-wheeled artillery carriage with DR 15 gun shield (2,137
  lbs. with gun) in the Indian Wars. It was fired in 1879 against
  Chief Sitting Bull’s Sioux (Old West, p. 98). Other users were
  Brazil, China, and the Ottoman Empire.
  The Hotchkiss 3-pounder (1881-1896) was a larger version
  chambered for the 47¥139mmR Hotchkiss shell: Dmg
  8d¥2(0.5) pi++ with 3d-1 [2d+1] cr ex follow-up, Acc 4, Range
  750/3,200, EWt. 1,265/24, RoF 1, Shots 5(5), ST 42M, Bulk -13,
  Rcl 2, Cost $25,000/$60. It had five 46” barrels. It was adopted
  by the Austrian, British, Chinese, French, Russian, and U.S.
  navies, but was not as common as the smaller 1-pounder gun.
  It also fired canister (Dmg 2d+1 pi++, Range 50/420, RoF 1¥30,
  Rcl 1) and APEX (Dmg 5d¥2(2) pi++ with 2d+1 [2d+1] cr ex
  follow-up). A wooden case with 24 rounds weighed 105 lbs.
  An even larger variant existed, commonly but mistakenly
  reported to be a 6-pounder. Actually, it fired a 4-pounder
  round, the 53¥176mmR Hotchkiss (1881-1896): Dmg 6d¥4(0.5)
  pi++ with 3d+1 [3d-1] cr ex follow-up, Acc 4, Range 900/3,900,
  EWt. 2,200/30, RoF 1, Shots 5(5), ST 48M, Bulk -14, Rcl 2, Cost
  $30,000/$75. The 4-pounder had five 56” barrels. It also fired
  canister (Dmg 2d+1 pi++, Range 50/420, RoF 1¥58, Rcl 1) and
  APEX (Dmg 6d¥4(2) pi++ with 3d [3d-1] cr ex follow-up). A
  wooden case with 24 rounds weighed 147 lbs.
  Nordenfelt .450 G.G. Mk II, 
  .450 Gardner-Gatling (U.K., 1886-1892)
  Swedish engineer Helge Palmcranz invented this mechani-
  cal machine gun in 1873. Businessman Thorsten Nordenfelt
  registered patents in his name and set up factories in Sweden,
  Spain, and England. Most European navies soon adopted the
  gun. The weapon consisted of a number of barrels side by side.
  These were fired almost simultaneously in volleys by working
  a lever on the right-hand side of the gun back and forth, with
  each volley consisting of as many shots as the gun had barrels.
  It fed from a hopper magazine with channels for each barrel.
  Stoppage (p. B407) always affects only one barrel; the others
  can continue to fire, a distinct advantage over other mechani-
  cal or full-automatic machine guns. Variants were sold in
  numerous combinations of calibers and barrel arrangements,
  with one to 12 barrels.
  The English-made five-barreled Nordenfelt .450 G.G. Mk II
  was one of the most common versions. The Royal Navy
  adopted it as its standard shipboard anti-personnel weapon.
  The British Army also used it. By the late 1880s, four times as
  many Nordenfelts were in British service as Gatlings. It had
  28.5” barrels and a two-part 100-round magazine, 20 car-
  tridges per barrel. Topping up the entire magazine using 20-
  round cartons takes 25 seconds. Exchanging the entire
  magazine takes 15 seconds. Just replacing the 14.5-lb. upper
  half, loaded with 50 rounds, reduces reloading time to five sec-
  onds. Each gun came with one lower and four uppers.
  The weapon was fitted to a 168-lb. open parapet mount
  (p. B467) on gunboats, with an ammunition complement of
  5,000 rounds and an optional DR 45 gun shield (65 lbs.). It
  could also be mounted on a two-wheeled landing carriage (415
  lbs. with gun). The limber for the carriage weighed 958 lbs.,
  including 4,000 rounds.
  During the 1900 Boxer Rebellion in China, the Royal
  Marines used one of these guns to defend the Legation Quar-
  ters in Peking (China, pp. 98-99). The functioning of the gun is
  well illustrated in Khartoum, arming a British river gunboat.
  The Nordenfelt Mk II would be the perfect close-in weapon for
  aerial gunships or ether steamships (Spaceships 7, p. 33).
  The earlier five-barreled Nordenfelt .450 G.G. Mk I (1884-
  1886) was slightly heavier at 144 lbs., but otherwise identical.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  38
  The machine gun has 
  no nerves.
  – Thorsten Nordenfelt,
  The Nordenfelt
  Machine Guns
  
  The Brazilian horse artillery used a similar model as the M889
  in 11¥53mmR Comblain (Dmg 5d pi+), and the Dutch marines
  as the M90 in 11¥52mmR Beaumont (Dmg 5d pi+).
  The three-barreled Nordenfelt .450 M.H. Mk I (1880-1892) in
  .450 Martini-Henry was adopted by the Royal Navy in 1880
  and by the British Army in 1887: Dmg 4d+2 pi+, Range
  500/3,200, EWt. 93/6, RoF 3!/6!, Shots 27(5), ST 22M, Bulk -8,
  Rcl 2, Cost $10,000/$40. It was mounted on a 54-lb. tripod
  ($2,400). Intended for mountain warfare, it was easily disas-
  sembled for portage or mule transport.
  Technically, the Maxim (pp. 40-41) made the Nordenfelt
  guns obsolete, but they continued to see service until well after
  the turn of the 20th century. The Nordenfelt .303 Mk I Converted
  (1898-1900) was the three-barreled Mk I converted to .303
  British: Dmg 6d+2 pi, Acc 5, Range 800/3,300, EWt. 93/6, RoF
  3!/6!, Shots 27(5), ST 22M, Bulk -8, Rcl 2, Cost $10,000/$40. It
  was used until the Great War as a fortress defense gun.
  The Royal Navy also used the four-barreled Nordenfelt 1-inch
  Mk I (1878-1890) chambered for a 1” cartridge: Dmg 6d¥2(2)
  pi++, Acc 4, Range 600/2,800, EWt. 425/48, RoF 4!, Shots 40(25),
  ST 32M, Bulk -10, Rcl 2, Cost $25,000/$165. This weapon had
  33.5” barrels. The fully traversing open deck mount (p. B467)
  weighed 358 lbs. The hopper magazine held 10 rounds per bar-
  rel. It was the first gun in history to fire armor-piercing rounds
  (High-Tech, p. 167), another answer to the threat of the torpedo
  boats. A gunboat would store 1,500 rounds per gun, a ship 4,000
  or more. The Royal Navy acquired more than 50 of these guns.
  The Brazilian, Portuguese, and Spanish navies, among others,
  also used it. Bolivia acquired this as the Mod 1879. These were
  still in use during the Chaco War in 1932 (Cliffhangers, p. 34),
  being employed as anti-aircraft guns!
  Gardner .450 G.G. Mk I, 
  .450 Gardner-Gatling (U.K., 1884-1885)
  Captain William Gardner of Toledo, Ohio, invented this
  weapon in 1874, but production did not begin for some time
  after that. The Gardner had two barrels side by side, both
  sheathed in a common brass jacket for protection. Upon turn-
  ing the crank on the right-hand side, the barrels fired alter-
  nately. Both barrels were supplied from a Parkhurst gravity
  hopper feed, which an assistant could top up during firing,
  using rounds from a paper box. The Gardner was more reliable
  than the Gatling, as well as cheaper and lighter.
  The original Gardner as made by the Gardner Gun Com-
  pany in England was embraced enthusiastically by the British
  military. The Gardner .450 G.G. Mk I detailed in the table and
  adopted as standard by the Royal Navy in 1884 was a deck
  weapon mounted on a pedestal mount (p. B467) with gun
  shield (DR 10). It used 30-round Parkhurst feeders. Hundreds
  were acquired. Its lightweight and conventional design would
  also make it suitable as armament for a military motor-car-
  riage (Infinite Worlds: Britannica-6, pp. 46-48) or aerostat
  (Britannica-6, pp. 48-50), probably chambered for the .500
  British cartridge instead (Dmg 6d+1 pi+).
  The British Army adopted the Gardner .450 M.H. Mk I
  (1889-1895) in .450 Martini-Henry, superseding the earlier
  Gatling .450 G.G. Mk I (p. 37). It used 20-round Parkhurst
  feeders and was mounted on an 80-lb. folding tripod ($3,600):
  Dmg 4d+2 pi+, Acc 4, Range 500/3,200, EWt. 138/4, RoF 8,
  Shots 20(5), ST 24M, Bulk -10, Rcl 2, Cost $10,000/$40. By
  the turn of the 20th century, both new and surplus Gardners
  were offered commercially to British citizens for “expedi-
  tions, yachts, and military purposes.”
  The Improved Gardner Gun (1879-1898) made by Pratt &
  Whitney in the United States had a water jacket for cooling.
  It was acquired as the Model of 1879 (1879-1880) in .45-70
  Springfield by the U.S. Army, but only six were bought: Dmg
  4d+2 pi+, Acc 4, Range 470/3,000, EWt. 142/4, RoF 8, Shots
  20(5), ST 24M, Bulk -10, Rcl 2, Cost $10,000/$40. The M1879
  used a two-wheeled artillery carriage (360 lbs.). It required a
  limber, which stored 5,400 rounds in 20-round cartons.
  Italy adopted the Improved Gardner in 10.35¥47mmR
  Vetterli as the Mod 86 (1886-1888): Dmg 4d+1 pi+, Acc 4, Range
  400/2,500, EWt. 138/4, RoF 8, Shots 20(5), ST 24M, Bulk -10, Rcl
  2, Cost $10,000/$40. It was mounted on an 80-lb. tripod ($3,600).
  Pratt & Whitney and an Italian arsenal made more than 450.
  These were still in use during the Great War for fortress defense.
  The Bira Gun Pattern 1953 (Western year 1896) in .450
  Martini-Henry appeared in service with the Nepalese army:
  Dmg 4d+2 pi+, Acc 4, Range 500/3,200, EWt. 150/26, RoF 8,
  Shots 120(5), ST 24M, Bulk -10, Rcl 2, Cost $10,000/$315. 
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  39
  Mechanical Machine Guns Table
  See pp. B268-271 and High-Tech, p. 79, for an explanation of the statistics.
  GUNNER (MACHINE GUN) (DX-4 or other Gunner at -4)
  TL Weapon
  Damage
  Acc
  Range
  Empty Weight RoF
  Shots
  ST
  Bulk
  Rcl
  Cost
  LC
  Notes
  5
  C&A Union Repeating Gun, 
  4d+2 pi+
  3
  230/2,300
  100/10
  2
  20(2i)
  22M
  -9
  2
  $10,000
  2
  [1]
  .58 Caplock
  5
  Gatling M1874, .45-70
  4d+2 pi+
  4
  470/3,000
  200/8
  15
  40(5)
  26M
  -10
  2
  $16,000/$40
  2
  [2]
  5
  Hotchkiss 1-pdr, 37¥94mmR
  5d¥2(0.5) pi++
  4
  570/3,600
  495/18
  2
  10(5)
  33M
  -12
  2
  $20,000/$50
  1
  [3]
  follow-up
  2d [2d] cr ex
  5
  Nordenfelt .450 G.G. Mk II, 
  5d pi+
  4
  500/3,200
  120/25
  5!/10! 100(25) 24M
  -10
  2
  $12,000/$85
  2
  [3]
  .450 Gardner-Gatling
  5
  Gardner .450 G.G. Mk I, 
  5d pi+
  4
  500/3,200
  106/6
  8
  30(5)
  24M
  -9
  2
  $10,000/$45
  2
  [3]
  .450 Gardner-Gatling
  Notes
  [1] Extremely Unreliable. Malfunctions on 14+ (see p. B407).
  [2] Very Unreliable. Malfunctions on 15+ (see p. B407).
  [3] Unreliable. Malfunctions on 16+ (see p. B407).
  
  It had two 41” uncooled barrels. Its action was copied from the
  Gardner, but General Gahendra Shamsher modified it consider-
  ably. Built in small numbers at the arsenal of Sundarijal, it
  lacked the barrel jacket and was mounted on a two-wheeled
  artillery carriage (820 lbs. total). It was unique in using a rather
  modern 120-round pan-drum magazine. The Bira Gun would be
  the kind of artillery available locally when on the search for
  Shangri-La or the dreaded Tibetan Plateau of Tsang. From 1925,
  the Maharaja of Jodhpur hitched one of these guns to his Rolls-
  Royce Phantom II automobile and employed it to hunt tigers . . .
  MACHINE GUNS
  AND AUTOCANNON
  Whatever happens, we have got
  The Maxim gun, and they have not.
  – Hilaire Belloc, “The Modern Traveller”
  The self-powered, full-automatic machine gun was one of
  the most iconic inventions of the era, and a defining technical
  breakthrough of TL6. Lighter and more reliable than mechan-
  ical machine guns (pp. 36-40), machine guns allowed small
  units of professional soldiers to dominate much larger enemy
  forces, a vital contribution to the many colonial wars fought in
  the late 19th century (Steampunk, p. 56).
  Maxim 1-pounder Q.F. Mk I, 
  37×94mmR Hotchkiss (U.K., 1889-1916)
  Intended to replace the Hotchkiss mechanical machine
  gun (p. 38), this autocannon was scaled up from the basic
  Maxim gun (below). It fired the 1-pounder Hotchkiss round
  with its exploding black-powder shell. It was adopted as a
  “quick-firing” anti-torpedo-boat weapon by several navies,
  including those of Argentina, Denmark (M/1896), Paraguay,
  Spain (Mod 1895), the Ottoman Empire, and the United King-
  dom. Hundreds were made. The U.S. Navy adopted it as the
  Model of 1898. Germany and Russia made it under license. Due
  to its firing sound, it was nicknamed the “Pom-Pom” during
  the Second Anglo-Boer War in South Africa (Steampunk,
  p. 121). The Boers were the first to use it extensively as a light
  artillery piece. German navy guns saw land service during the
  Chinese Boxer Rebellion (China, pp. 98-99), and the British
  equipped armored cars with them as antiballoon guns during
  the Great War.
  It used 25-round non-disintegrating belts (55 lbs., 65 lbs. in
  wooden box). Land-service guns were mounted on a two-
  wheeled carriage (765 lbs. with gun).
  Maxim .450 M.H. Mk I, 
  .450 Martini-Henry (1890-1903)
  Invented by Hiram Maxim in 1884, the Maxim Automatic
  Gun was the first full-automatic firearm. It was a marvel of
  Victorian craftsmanship, with its
  blocky steel receiver and gleaming
  brass components. It included a
  water jacket surrounding the 28”
  barrel for cooling. The first per-
  fected guns were hand-built to
  order from 1887, most differing
  slightly according to the specifica-
  tions of the buyer. Many individual
  guns were delivered to governments
  for testing. The Maxim Gun was
  also sold to civilians and commer-
  cial companies, such as the Impe-
  rial East Africa Company and the
  British North Borneo Company.
  Gun Number 49, gifted by
  Maxim to reporter Henry Stanley
  for his 1888 expedition into the
  Congo, was chambered for the .450
  Martini-Henry cartridge and fea-
  tured a 60-lb. folding tripod with seat and gun shield ($2,500):
  Dmg 4d+2 pi+, Range 500/3,200, EWt. 60/40, Shots 333(5),
  Cost $8,000. The slim water jacket held three pints, and was
  connected to a three-quart tank mounted on the inside of the
  gun shield. From there, a small amount of water was automat-
  ically squirted into the jacket after each shot. Its unique multi-
  panel gun shield protected the gunner completely against
  arrows and similar missiles (DR 10) from the front and above.
  Against an enemy armed with firearms, the upper and lower
  panels could be folded over the central part of the shield,
  decreasing its coverage but doubling protection (DR 20).
  The British Army acquired its first Maxim Guns in 1889,
  chambered for the .450 Martini-Henry: Dmg 4d+2 pi+, Range
  500/3,200, EWt. 60/40, Shots 333(5). Most of these were
  mounted on the two-wheeled Mk I artillery carriage (1,456 lbs.
  including gun). The carriage was pulled by one horse in
  infantry units, and by two horses in cavalry and mounted
  infantry units.
  In 1890, an improved version was officially adopted as the
  Maxim .450 M.H. Mk I (in table). This used 250-round non-
  disintegrating belts (32 lbs., 40 lbs. in wooden box). Some 287
  guns were acquired. Unlike the earlier mechanical machine
  guns, which were usually detached from naval service or
  artillery units, the Maxim was an integral part of many
  infantry battalions as early as 1890. Initially, a single gun was
  allotted, increased to two per battalion in 1891. In practice,
  numerous units had not received theirs by the turn of the
  20th century. Thus, many officers paid out of their own pock-
  ets for one or two guns for their units, such as the Manches-
  ter Regiment, Welsh Volunteers, Calcutta Volunteers,
  Singapore Volunteer Artillery.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  40
  
  The two-wheeled Mk III artillery carriage included a limber
  that stored 14 belts (1,456 lbs. including gun and limber).
  From 1897, the guns were also issued with a 48-lb. folding tri-
  pod ($2,200), which allowed the mount and gun to be carried
  by a single pack animal. The belts were stored in heavy wooden
  chests; because of their excessive weight, a 150-round belt was
  introduced in 1893 (18 lbs., 23 lbs. in wooden box). The .450-
  caliber Maxim Mk I can be seen used by British soldiers in
  North West Frontier.
  The Royal Navy bought its own Maxim .450 G.G. Mk I (1890-
  1898), chambered for the .450 Gardner-Gatling cartridge: Dmg
  5d pi+, Range 500/3,200, EWt. 60/32. The Navy got 657.
  When the British Army introduced the .303 British smoke-
  less cartridge, the Maxim .303 Mk I (1893-1917) was adopted
  to fire it: Dmg 6d+2 pi, Acc 5, Range 800/3,300, EWt. 58/16,
  Shots 250(5), ST 19M, Bulk -7, Rcl 2. The water jacket held
  7.5 pints of water, which lasted for 5,000 shots if it couldn’t
  be replenished. It was typically mounted on a 48-lb. tripod
  ($2,200). Some 2,912 were made for the army and navy, as
  well as the Indian army. Older .450-caliber guns were con-
  verted to the .303-caliber. It can be seen in Breaker Morant
  and Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows.
  Similar Maxim guns were acquired by Italy (Mod 06) in
  6.5¥52mm Mannlicher-Carcano (Dmg 6d pi); Portugal
  (M/906) in 6.5¥58mm Mauser-Vergueiro (Dmg 6d pi); Chile
  (Mod 1902) in 7¥57mm Mauser (Dmg 6d+2 pi); Switzerland
  (Mg 94 and Mg 00) in 7.5¥55mm (Dmg 7d pi); Russia (PM-
  1899 and PM-1905) in 7.62¥54mmR Mosin-Nagant (Dmg
  6d+2 pi); the U.S. Army (M1904) in .30-03 Springfield (Dmg
  7d+1 pi); Argentina (Mod 1895) in 7.65¥63mm Mauser (Dmg
  6d+2 pi); China (from 1892) in .303 British (above); Germany
  (MG94, MG99, and MG01) in 7.92¥57mm Mauser (Dmg 6d+1
  pi); Austria (M.89) in 8¥50mmR Mannlicher (Dmg 6d+1 pi);
  Italy (Mod 88) in 10.35¥47mmR Vetterli (Dmg 4d+1 pi+);
  Russia (PM-1889) in 10.67¥58mmR Berdan (Dmg 5d pi+);
  and Japan (Ma Shiki Kikanjuu) in 11¥60mmR Murata (Dmg
  5d pi+). Many countries built the weapon under license or
  even without license. The Japanese used the 200 they copied
  from 1893 in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895.
  Maxims were also employed as vehicle armaments. In 1899,
  Frederick Simms proposed his Motor Scout, a single-seat De
  Dion-Bouton quadricycle with a .303 Maxim firing over the
  handlebars. It had a gun shield (DR 15) and carried four spare
  boxes of ammo. Simms’ Motor War Car of 1902, an early pro-
  posal for an armored personnel carrier, was armed with two
  Maxim guns and a Maxim 1-pounder (p. 40). The less fancy
  Austro-Daimler M.04 armored car was outfitted with a Maxim
  M.89 in a fully armored turret. The M.04 was actually adopted
  by the Austrian army in small numbers.
  Skoda M.93, 8×50mmR Mannlicher 
  (Austria-Hungary, 1893-1902)
  Patented in 1888, the Mitrailleuse Modell 1893 (“machine gun
  model 1893”) was designed by Erzherzog Karl Salvator and
  Major Georg Ritter von Dormus, and made by Skoda of Pilsen,
  Bohemia. It was simpler and cheaper than the Maxim, and was
  adopted by the Austro-Hungarian army in 1893 and a year later
  by its navy. It was a curious weapon, with a blowback mecha-
  nism that required a full pint of oil to function (without oil,
  lower Malf. to 15!). A semiautomatic weapon could easily match
  the M.93’s stuttering rate of fire. The gun fed from a backward-
  curving, boomerang-shaped hopper magazine inserted in the
  top; the open sides of the magazine allowed dirt to enter and led
  to feeding jams. Its 22.5” barrel had a bronze cooling jacket
  holding three quarts of water. It could be mounted on a 41-lb.
  tripod ($1,800). Navy guns were fitted to heavy cone mounts
  (p. B467) on gunboats and had a DR 15 gun shield. Austro-
  Hungarian light cruisers carried two with 4,000 rounds per gun.
  A single M.93 was used by the Austro-Hungarian legation
  troops that fought during the Boxer Rebellion in 1900 (China,
  pp. 98-99). It could make up the armament of an Eisensoldat
  (Steam-Tech, p. 75).
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  41
  Machine Guns and Autocannon Table
  See pp. B268-271 and High-Tech, p. 79, for an explanation of the statistics. For MMGs and autocannon, Empty Weight (EWt.) and Cost
  assume neither ammo nor mount (e.g., a tripod), but ammo weight follows the slash as usual; see the weapon description for details. For
  LMGs, Weight includes ammunition.
  GUNNER (MACHINE GUN) (DX-4 or other Gunner at -4)
  TL Weapon
  Damage
  Acc
  Range
  EWt.
  RoF
  Shots
  ST
  Bulk
  Rcl
  Cost
  LC
  Notes
  6
  Maxim 1-pdr, 37¥94mmR
  5d¥2(0.5) pi++
  4
  480/4,500
  410/55
  5
  25(5)
  31M
  -11
  2
  $15,000
  1
  follow-up
  2d [2d] cr ex
  6
  Maxim Mk I, .450 MH
  4d+2 pi+
  4
  550/3,500
  40/32
  10
  250(5)
  12M
  -7
  2
  $7,000
  1
  [1]
  6
  Skoda-Schwarzlose M.93, 
  6d+1 pi
  5
  1,000/4,400
  36.2/2.4
  4!
  30(5)
  17M
  -8
  2
  $4,000
  1
  [1, 2]
  8¥50mmR
  6
  Colt Model 1895, 
  5d pi
  6
  700/3,000
  35/7.4
  8!
  120(5)
  17M
  -7
  2
  $5,000
  1
  [1]
  6¥60mmSR Lee
  GUNS (LMG) (DX-4 or most other Guns at -2)
  TL Weapon
  Damage
  Acc
  Range
  Weight
  RoF
  Shots
  ST
  Bulk
  Rcl
  Cost
  LC
  Notes
  6
  Rexer Machine Gun, .303 British
  6d+2 pi
  5
  800/3,300
  20.3/2.3
  7!
  25(3)
  11B†
  -7
  2
  $4,000/$32
  1
  [1]
  Notes
  [1] Effectively LC3 during the entire era.
  [2] Unreliable. Malfunctions on 16+ (see p. B407).
  
  Colt Model 1895, 
  6×60mmSR Lee (USA, 1897-1898)
  The air-cooled Colt Automatic Gun (or Model 1895) 
  was the first truly American machine gun. Designed by John
  Browning, it was popularly known as the “Potato Digger” due
  to the gas lever that swung in a vertical plane below the gun. The
  Model 1895 fed from a 120-round non-disintegrating cloth belt
  (7.4 lbs., or 20 lbs. for two belts in wooden box). It was mounted
  on a 57-lb. tripod ($2,550) or a 146-lb. two-wheeled landing car-
  riage. Colt guns on a dashboard pintle mount (p. B467) were
  used to arm Cadillac limousines as early as 1909.
  In 1897, the U.S. Navy bought 400 on landing carriages for
  the Marines, designated the MK I. They used it in the Spanish-
  American War and in China during the Boxer Rebellion (China,
  pp. 98-99) – a single gun was available during the famous stand-
  off in Peking in 1900.
  The Navy guns were gradually rechambered in .30-40 Krag
  (Dmg 6d pi), their designation changing to MK I MOD 1 (1898-
  1902). Marines employ this weapon in The Wind and the Lion.
  The U.S. Army also bought this version, acquiring 156 as “non-
  standard” guns around the turn of the century. These saw little
  use and were scrapped after the Great War.
  For commercial sale, the Colt Automatic Gun was produced
  in other calibers, including 6.5¥53mm Mondragon (Dmg 6d pi),
  7¥57mm Mauser (Dmg 6d+2 pi), and .303 British (Dmg
  6d+2 pi). The 1st Volunteer Cavalry Regiment commanded by
  Lieutenant Colonel Theodore Roosevelt (Who’s Who 2, pp. 96-
  97) employed two privately acquired 7¥57mm guns during the
  Spanish-American War – as shown in Rough Riders. Some 125
  were bought from 1899 to 1900 by British volunteer units, which
  employed them fighting the Boers (Steampunk, p. 121); most of
  these were in .303 British. Canada used small numbers in .303-
  caliber in the Boer War and the Great War. Mexico acquired at
  least 150 as the Mod 1904 in both 6.5¥53mm and 7¥57mm, and
  El Salvador and Nicaragua also bought a few in 7¥57mm. A Colt
  Automatic Gun owned by the Baldwin-Felts Detective Agency
  was used in the 1914 Ludlow Massacre to slaughter striking
  miners and their families.
  Rexer Machine Gun, 
  .303 British (U.K., 1906-1911)
  This was an unlicensed copy of the Danish Madsen light
  machine gun (Pulp Guns 2, p. 15). It was mounted on a bipod
  and used a curved 25-round magazine inserted from the top.
  The Rexer Machine Gun Company in England made it until
  they lost in court against the Danes. Unsuccessfully offered to
  the British military, the weapon was sold in small numbers in
  South Africa. Mexico bought it as the Mod 1908 in 7¥57mm
  Mauser (Dmg 6d+2 pi). Lightweight and durable, the Rexer
  would be an excellent choice for a group of gentleman adven-
  turers keen on buying British. Many were sold with a 3-lb.
  horse scabbard (High-Tech, p. 154) for cavalry use, as well as
  2.5-lb. saddle bags (Low-Tech, p. 134) holding up to 16 maga-
  zines. The Rexer Machine Gun had a mount for a 1.3-lb. sword
  bayonet (Reach 1, 2*).
  CANNON
  Both smoothbore
  and rifled artillery
  pieces were widely
  used in war during
  the late 19th century.
  Even so, the typical
  group of adventurers
  would use them only
  in unusual circum-
  stances. Most cannon are exceedingly heavy and difficult to
  move without a team of horses or a tractor. Operation usually
  requires a squad or even a platoon of dedicated artillerymen,
  including gunners and loaders. However, a single person could
  fire any of the ones listed here in an emergency.
  Hotchkiss Canon de Montagne, 
  42×235mmR Hotchkiss (France, 1875-1890)
  This was a light, breech-loading mountain gun firing a
  metallic cartridge. The U.S. Army adopted it as the Model of
  1877 1.65” Mountain Gun, mainly for use with the cavalry. It
  was first employed on campaign against the Nez Percé in 1877
  (Old West, p. 97). Four of these guns were used in the infamous
  massacre of the Lakota at Wounded Knee in 1890 (Old West,
  pp. 98-99) – as shown in Into the West.
  The gun itself weighed 117 lbs. The carriage was 200 lbs.,
  which could be further broken up into the 98-lb. main piece
  and the two 51-lb. wheels. Only two mules were required for
  transportation of the weapon and its accessories, plus two
  additional pack animals for the ammunition. A typical crew
  consisted of gunner, three loaders, and two animal handlers,
  although one person alone could fire it.
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  42
  Cannon Table
  See pp. B268-271 and High-Tech, p. 79, for an explanation of the statistics. Empty Weight (EWt.) and Cost assume neither ammo nor
  mount, but ammo weight follows the slash as usual.
  ARTILLERY (CANNON) (IQ-5) for indirect fire; GUNNER (CANNON) (DX-4 or other Gunner at -4) for direct fire
  TL
  Weapon
  Damage
  Acc
  Range
  EWt.
  RoF Shots
  ST
  Bulk
  Rcl
  Cost
  LC
  5
  Hotchkiss Canon de Montagne, 
  5d¥3(0.5) pi++
  4
  900/4,800
  117/2.4
  1
  1(3)
  31M
  -9
  7
  $20,000
  1
  42¥235mmR Hotchkiss
  follow-up
  3d [2d] cr ex
  6
  Hotchkiss 6-pdr Q.F. Mk I, 
  5d¥7(0.5) pi++
  4
  1,800/7,500
  849/10.4
  1
  1(3)
  42M
  -11
  3
  $35,000
  1
  57¥307mmR Hotchkiss
  follow-up
  3d+2 [3d-1] cr ex
  6
  Elswick 4” B.L. Mk II, 102¥504mmR
  6d¥10(0.5) pi++
  4
  1,800/7,700
  2,900/37
  1
  1(4)
  57M
  -14
  3
  $50,000
  1
  follow-up
  6d [5d] cr ex
  
  In addition to HE (in the table), a canister round was avail-
  able: Dmg 2d+2 pi, Range 50/500, RoF 1¥30, Rcl 1.
  Hotchkiss 6-pounder Q.F. Mk I, 
  57×307mmR Hotchkiss (U.K., 1885-1900)
  The 6-pounder designed by Hotchkiss of France was one of
  the most widespread light breechloading naval cannon. Den-
  mark, France, Japan, Russia, and the United States adopted it.
  The Royal Navy ordered almost 4,000, made under license as
  the 6-pounder Quick-Firing Mk I by Elswick Ordnance in Eng-
  land. It normally had a crew of six, but could be fired by a sin-
  gle gunner. Manually aimed and trigger-fired, it was typically
  mounted on a cone mount (p. B467) with a gun shield (DR 20)
  for anti-torpedo boat use on gunboats and larger vessels. From
  1917, surplus Hotchkiss guns were installed in the sponsons of
  the first British tanks.
  In addition to HE (in the table), it could fire APEX (Dmg
  5d¥7(2) pi++ with 2d [3d-1] cr ex follow-up), shrapnel (Dmg 2d
  pi+, RoF 1¥63, Rcl 1), and canister (Dmg 2d+2 pi+, Range
  70/700, RoF 1¥185, Rcl 1).
  Elswick 4” B.L. Mk II, 
  102×504mmR (U.K., 1885-1891)
  This was a light, breech-loading naval cannon using sepa-
  rate ammunition – the projectile and the propellant charge
  were in a woolen “shalloon” bag that was completely con-
  sumed during firing (High-Tech, p. 164). Some 53 were made
  historically, with 200 more of later marks (same stats). It was
  typically installed in a pivot mount with a gun shield (DR 60)
  as minor armament for battleships or the main piece of a gun-
  boat. It could also arm liftwood gunships or aerial dread-
  noughts (Steampunk, p. 81).
  SIX-SHOOTERS AND LEVER-ACTIONS
  43
  Space combat using ether ironclads (GURPS
  Spaceships 7: Divergent and Paranormal Tech, pp. 33-
  34) or similar craft requires more abstract weapons stats
  than ordinary combat (GURPS Spaceships, p. 50). Use the
  following tables.
  Space Guns
  GUNNER (MACHINE GUN) (DX-4 or other Gunner at -4)
  TL
  Weapon
  dDamage
  sAcc
  Range
  RoF
  Shots
  Rcl
  Notes
  5
  Gardner .450 G.G. Mk I
  1d-2
  -14
  P
  10
  5,000
  2
  [1]
  5
  Gatling .450 G.G. Mk I
  1d-2
  -14
  P
  10
  2,000
  2
  [1]
  5
  Gatling .650 G.G. Mk I
  1d-1
  -14
  P
  10
  5,500
  2
  [2]
  5
  Hotchkiss 1-pdr
  1d
  -14
  P
  10
  1,400
  2
  [2]
  5
  Hotchkiss 3-pdr
  1d+1
  -14
  P
  10
  1,900
  2
  [3]
  5
  Hotchkiss 4-pdr
  2d-1
  -14
  P
  10
  1,200
  2
  [3]
  5
  Nordenfelt .450 G.G. Mk II
  1d-2
  -14
  P
  10
  3,500
  2
  [1]
  5
  Nordenfelt 1-inch Mk I
  1d+1
  -14
  P
  10
  2,800
  2
  [2]
  6
  Maxim .303 Mk I
  1d-1
  -13
  P
  100
  9,500
  2
  [1]
  6
  Maxim .450 G.G. Mk I
  1d-2
  -14
  P
  100
  4,500
  2
  [1]
  6
  Maxim 1-pdr Q.F. Mk I
  1d
  -14
  P
  100
  1,400
  2
  [2]
  GUNNER (CANNON) (DX-4 or other Gunner at -4)
  TL
  Weapon
  dDamage
  sAcc
  Range
  RoF
  Shots
  Rcl
  Notes
  6
  Hotchkiss 6-pdr Q.F. Mk I
  3d+2
  -14
  P
  1
  100
  2
  [2, 4]
  6
  Elswick 4” B.L. Mk II
  6d
  -14
  P
  1
  100
  2
  [3, 4]
  Weapons, Custom 
  Gun Battery [HULL]
  This Spaceships module is a customized mixture of
  real weapons as listed above, each with two workspaces.
  Select any mix of weapons and ammunition up to the
  maximum mass shown. Cost is the sum of the weapon
  (multiplied by 1.5 for the gun and a casemate or cone
  mount) and ammunition costs. Any mass unused for
  weapons can be used as cargo.
  Custom Gun Battery Table
  SM
  +5
  +6
  +7
  +8
  +9
  +10
  +11
  +12
  +13
  +14
  +15
  Mass
  1.5
  5
  15
  50
  150
  500
  1,500
  5,000
  15,000
  50,000
  150,000
  Notes
  [1] 0.5 tons uninstalled.
  [2] 1.5 tons uninstalled.
  [3] 5 tons uninstalled.
  [4] Assumes solid ammunition rather than explosive.
  
  Sportsmen going to out-of-the-way parts, or on exploring
  expeditions, should take a good supply of ammunition.
  – William Greener, The Gun and Its Development
  Guns need ammunition to work, and both guns and ammu-
  nition need holsters and other equipment to carry them.
  AMMUNITION TABLES
  See GURPS High-Tech, pp. 176-177, for all calibers and
  cartridges not listed here. A tin holding 100 percussion caps
  costs $25.
  Pistols
  Name
  WPS
  CPS
  Notes
  6¥7mmR Protector
  0.006
  $0.2
  6.5¥22mm Bergmann
  0.018
  $0.2
  7¥15mm Lefaucheux
  0.015
  $0.15
  .30 Short Rimfire (7.62¥13mmR)
  0.013
  $0.2
  .31 Caplock
  0.009
  $0.1
  [1]
  7.6¥20mmR Mauser
  0.02
  $0.3
  7.65¥25mm Borchardt
  0.023
  $0.3
  .32 S&W (7.92¥15mmR)
  0.015
  $0.25
  .32 Long Colt (7.95¥23mmR)
  0.02
  $0.25
  8¥9mmR Gaulois
  0.01
  $0.2
  .32 Extra Short Rimfire (8¥10mmR) 0.01
  $0.2
  .32 Short Rimfire (8¥15mmR)
  0.017
  $0.2
  8¥19mm Roth
  0.023
  $0.3
  .320 Centerfire (8¥16mmR)
  0.017
  $0.2
  .32 Long Rimfire (8¥20mmR)
  0.02
  $0.2
  9¥25mmR Mauser
  0.03
  $0.5
  .360 No. 5 Revolver (9¥27mmR)
  0.03
  $0.5
  .380 Short Centerfire (9.5¥17mmR)
  0.025
  $0.3
  .38 Short Rimfire (9.5¥20mmR)
  0.025
  $0.3
  .38 Long Colt (9.5¥22mmR)
  0.03
  $0.3
  .38 Long Rimfire (9.5¥22mmR)
  0.029
  $0.3
  .40 Caplock
  0.017
  $0.2
  [1]
  .41 Caplock
  0.017
  $0.2
  [1]
  10.4¥23mmR Glisenti
  0.05
  $0.5
  10.6¥24mmR Reichsrevolver
  0.055
  $0.5
  11¥29mmR Gasser
  0.066
  $0.5
  .44 Martin (11.25¥28mmR)
  0.05
  $0.4
  .45 Remington (11.43¥28mmR)
  0.055
  $0.5
  .46 Short Rimfire (11.6¥21mmR)
  0.04
  $0.5
  12¥16mm Lefaucheux
  0.03
  $0.2
  .50 Remington (12.8¥22mmR)
  0.065
  $0.4
  .577 Revolver (15.6¥20mmR)
  0.095
  $0.7
  Shotguns
  Name
  WPS
  CPS
  Notes
  24-gauge 2.5” (14.7¥63mmR)
  0.08
  $0.7
  [2]
  20-gauge 2.5” (15.6¥63mmR)
  0.09
  $0.8
  [2]
  16-gauge 2.5” (16.8¥63mmR)
  0.1
  $0.8
  [2]
  14-gauge 2.5” (17.6¥63mmR)
  0.11
  $1
  [2]
  12-gauge 2.5” (18.5¥63mmR)
  0.12
  $1
  [2]
  12-gauge 2.625” (18.5¥67mmR)
  0.12
  $1
  [2]
  12-gauge 2.75” (18.5¥70mmR)
  0.13
  $1
  [2]
  10-gauge 2.875” (19.7¥73mmR)
  0.14
  $1.3
  [2]
  10-gauge 3” (19.7¥76mmR)
  0.15
  $1.3
  [2]
  8-gauge 3.25” (21.2¥83mmR)
  0.19
  $2.2
  [2]
  8-gauge 3.75” (21.2¥95mmR)
  0.2
  $2.2
  [2]
  4-gauge 4.25” (23.75¥108mmR)
  0.3
  $4.2
  [2]
  Rifles and Machine Guns
  Name
  WPS
  CPS
  Notes
  6.5¥53mm Mondragon
  0.05
  $0.8
  6.5¥58mm Mauser-Vergueiro
  0.053
  $0.8
  7.5¥55mm
  0.058
  $0.8
  .303 Savage (7.9¥51mmR)
  0.063
  $0.8
  8¥51mmR
  0.06
  $0.6
  .32-40 Ballard (8¥54mmR)
  0.045
  $0.6
  .36 Caplock
  0.03
  $0.2
  [1]
  .360 Express (9.14¥57mmR)
  0.046
  $0.8
  (9.53¥64mmR)
  .375 Flanged Nitro Express
  0.078
  $1.3
  .38-55 Ballard (9.63¥54mmR)
  0.065
  $0.7
  .41 Volcanic (10.2¥17mm)
  0.015
  $0.3
  10.35¥47mmR Vetterli
  0.066
  $0.9
  .44 Evans Short (10.6¥25mmR)
  0.048
  $0.5
  .44 Evans Long (10.6¥38mmR)
  0.055
  $0.6
  10.67¥58mmR Berdan
  0.094
  $1
  11¥52mmR Beaumont
  0.095
  $1
  11¥53mmR Comblain
  0.09
  $1
  11¥59mmR Gras
  0.096
  $1
  11¥60mmR Murata
  0.095
  $1
  11.15¥60mmR Mauser
  0.092
  $1
  11.43¥55mmR 
  0.11
  $1
  (.45 Peabody-Martini)
  .450 Express (11.43¥70mmR)
  0.11
  $9
  .450 Nitro Express (11.43¥83mmR)
  0.12
  $10
  .451 Caplock
  0.09
  $0.8
  [1]
  12.17¥42mmR Remington
  0.07
  $0.9
  .500 Express (12.7¥71mmR)
  0.12
  $12
  SHOOTING SUPPLIES
  44
  CHAPTER THREE
  SHOOTING
  SUPPLIES
  
  Rifles and Machine Guns (Continued)
  Name
  WPS
  CPS
  Notes
  .500 Nitro Express (12.7¥76mmR)
  0.14
  $15
  .52 Caplock
  0.075
  $0.4
  [1]
  .56 Caplock
  0.08
  $0.4
  [1]
  .58 Musket (14.5¥31mmR)
  0.11
  $0.8
  .58 Turkish Snider (14.5¥39mmR)
  0.12
  $0.8
  .58 Ager Charger (14.5¥70mm)
  0.5
  $0.8
  .577 Express (14.7¥70mmR)
  0.14
  $16
  .577 Nitro Express (14.7¥76mmR)
  0.18
  $18
  .650 Gatling (16.5¥96mmR)
  0.34
  $5
  4-bore (26.7¥102mmR)
  0.38
  $3
  Autocannon and Cannon
  Name
  WPS
  CPS
  Notes
  1” Nordenfelt (25.4¥95mmR)
  0.7
  $10
  37¥111mmR Hotchkiss
  1.6
  $18
  42¥235mmR Hotchkiss (1.65”)
  2.4
  $20
  47¥139mmR Hotchkiss (3-pdr)
  4
  $25
  53¥176mmR Hotchkiss (4-pdr)
  5.1
  $30
  57¥306mmR Hotchkiss (6-pdr)
  10.4
  $40
  4”/27 (102x504mmR)
  32
  $60
  [3]
  Notes
  [1] Powder and shot (High-Tech, p. 163).
  [2] Shotshell projectiles (High-Tech, p. 173).
  [3] Consumable cased (High-Tech, p. 164).
  FIREARM ACCESSORIES
  I put on a belt which carried two Colts without holster . . .
  I’d sit on the edge of a table, or on the bar in a saloon. I could
  swing the gun muzzles up or down, and they were out of the
  way and at the same time ready for instant use.
  – James Gillett, Triggernometry
  Many more accessories – including holsters, scabbards,
  and scopes – can be found on pp. 153-161 of High-Tech,
  pp. 41-43 of Gun Fu, and pp. 70-77 of Tactical Shooting.
  Leather Cartridge Belt (TL5)
  This leather belt (High-Tech, p. 31) had open loops for
  ammunition cartridges. It appeared with the introduction
  of the self-contained metallic cartridge (High-Tech,
  p. 164), and became popular in the Wild West in the late
  1860s. It’s a basic requirement for Fast Draw (Ammo)
  using loose cartridges – fishing for cartridges in pouches
  or pockets gives a penalty of -1 or worse (Tactical Shoot-
  ing, p. 42). Furthermore, it allowed the holstered gun and
  its ammunition to be carried as one quickly donned piece
  of equipment.
  Many historical revolver belts had loops for only
  about 18-36 cartridges of .38- to .45-caliber (or similar-
  sized rounds). However, belts could be made to take as
  many as 50, covering the entire belt length. Typically, the
  cartridge belt held all the ammunition a man had. Com-
  binations were available – for example taking 18 shotgun
  shells and 20 revolver cartridges. A pouch or two for a
  spare cylinder could also be added. From the 1870s, a
  cartridge belt often had an internal compartment for use
  as a money belt. $20, 0.5 lb.
  Double belts were extra-wide to accommodate one row of
  revolver cartridges and another of rifle cartridges. These were
  rather bulky, and many shooters tried to avoid such arrange-
  ments by choosing a handgun and a long arm that shared the
  same cartridge. Double cost and weight.
  Open-loop cartridge belts offer the ammunition no protec-
  tion from the elements (p. B485). While the metallic cartridges
  of the time were waterproof, extreme conditions could result in
  a Malf. penalty at the GM’s discretion. In addition, brass and
  copper cartridges in extended contact with leather eventually
  formed verdigris, an oxidation product. This could lead to jams
  in guns. Worsen Malf. by -1. In magazine weapons, this means
  the cartridge won’t feed from the magazine or sticks in the
  chamber after firing; in single-shot weapons and revolvers,
  only the latter result is possible. Furthermore, the cartridges
  can stick in the belt loops, giving -2 to Fast-Draw (Ammo) rolls.
  Belt Swivel Rig (TL6)
  This arrangement allowed the shooter to wear a revolver
  on a belt without a holster. A metal plate with a slot was riv-
  eted to the belt. The revolver’s hammer screw was replaced
  by a pinheaded screw that projected to the side (left or right)
  and fit into the slot. The revolver hung securely from 
  the belt, and could be either slid out again (takes a Ready
  maneuver) or swiveled up to be fired while still attached.
  SHOOTING SUPPLIES
  45
  Trap Guns and 
  Grave Torpedoes
  These devices were used to protect valuables.
  Trap Gun (TL5)
  The trap gun was a simple weapon, often a cheap caplock
  gun with a short smoothbore barrel (treat as Deringer, p. 6) –
  although more elaborate weapons were also made. The trigger
  was connected to a tripwire (High-Tech, p. 203); tripping it
  would fire a shot. Landowners often put these up in the woods
  to dispatch poachers, while homeowners would install them
  near or in their houses to protect against burglars. Normally,
  the trap gun was fixed 1’ above ground, in order to merely
  wound the intruder, but it was also installed at more danger-
  ous angles. Rigging a gun in this way requires a Traps roll.
  Grave Torpedo (TL5)
  In the 19th century, surgeons mainly trained on corpses.
  Corpses were expensive or otherwise in short supply, and
  many grave-robbing students of medicine have been chroni-
  cled. People wouldn’t stand for this, and by the late 1870s,
  the grave torpedo had been invented to protect against the
  practice. This infernal device was basically a land mine
  buried in a grave. Externally it resembled a bell or artillery
  shell, and was given a black-powder charge, a caplock, and a
  spring-loaded hammer. When it was disturbed, the device
  exploded, doing 8d [2d] cr ex. Obviously, it would protect
  against not only cash-strapped medical students, but also
  “resurrection men” (GURPS Steampunk, p. 102) or stake-
  armed monster hunters. The things were quite unreliable.
  Roll 3d; on a 15-18, it fails to go off. $50, 8 lbs.
  
  This allows only unaimed hip shooting (Tactical Shooting,
  p. 11), but gives an additional +1 Fast-Draw (Pistol) in a Who
  Draws First? situation, on top of the +2 for shooting from the
  hip (Tactical Shooting, p. 10) – without actually drawing the
  gun! Since the entire body has to be turned, all Guns (Pistol)
  rolls are at -2. The Fanning technique (High-Tech, p. 251) can’t
  be used while the gun is mounted.
  Invented by Sheriff Louis Flatau in 1882, it was produced
  commercially by the Bridgeport Gun Implement Co. until the
  late 1890s. It was used in limited numbers by individual gun-
  slingers and issued experimentally to troopers in the 8th and
  10th U.S. Cavalry regiments. The rig could also be made by
  hand, which requires an Armoury (Small Arms) roll. It leaves the
  gun exposed (p. B485), making it a poor choice for a cowboy,
  explorer, soldier, or other user who’s outdoors a lot. $25, neg.
  Canvas Cartridge Belt (TL6)
  This cartridge belt was made of woven canvas, like the
  famous Mills belt (High-Tech, p. 54). One of the first was the
  U.S. Army’s M1876 “prairie” belt, which had 45 loops for .45-
  55 carbine cartridges (see p. 30). From 1880, standardized cav-
  alry belts could take 50 cartridges. Around the turn of the 20th
  century, a double-row belt was introduced for infantry use,
  which held 100 .30-40 Krag rifle cartridges (see p. 34) in two
  stacked rows. Shotgun belts had loops for 30 shells of 10-gauge
  or smaller. Unlike leather, canvas doesn’t cause the cartridges
  to deteriorate. $30, 0.3 lb.
  HAND GRENADES
  The unreliable, fuse-lit bombs of the early 19th century
  had mostly fallen out of use during this period, and the mod-
  ern TL6 hand grenades of the Great War hadn’t yet been
  invented. Several designs were tinkered with, but none of
  them saw wide service.
  Ketchum Grenade (USA, 1861-1865)
  Developed by William Ketchum, this early impact grenade
  was used by the Union Army during the American Civil War.
  Over 12” in length, it consisted of a black-powder-filled 1-lb.
  warhead with a plunger-type impact fuse. A wooden tail with
  four cardboard fins tried to ensure that it hit head-on. It wasn’t
  very reliable and saw relatively limited use. During the Siege of
  Port Hudson in 1863, Confederate troops caught them in blan-
  kets, preventing them from exploding, and then hurled them
  back at the original owners . . .
  Hanes Excelsior (USA, 1862-1865)
  Another impact-fused hand grenade, the Excelsior was devel-
  oped for the Union Army. It had a spherical outer case, which
  consisted of two halves. Before use, it had to be screwed open
  and the inner warhead taken out. Its 10 “all-ways” nipples were
  fitted with percussion caps, and the warhead was replaced in its
  outer case. Treat the entire arming sequence as a long action tak-
  ing one minute. When thrown (or dropped!), it exploded upon
  impact, as one of the caps was crushed against the outer case.
  Unreliable and dangerous, the Excelsior probably saw even less
  service than the Ketchum.
  Harden Star (USA/U.K., 1870-1910)
  The Harden Co. of Chicago and London created the Star
  Hand Grenade Fire Extinguisher. This sealed, blue-glass con-
  tainer held 1.5 pints of a non-freezing chemical solution. The
  device was shaped like a round bottle with a short neck as a grip.
  Use the throwing and handling rules under Molotov Cocktails
  and Oil Flasks (p. B411). When the glass bottle broke, the con-
  tents vaporized, producing a cloud of carbon tetrachloride gas
  that robbed nearby fire of oxygen, extinguishing a one-yard
  radius. Several bottles were used for larger fires. Advertisements
  claimed that “its effects are magical and instantaneous.”
  Such fire extinguishers were commonly found in well-off
  houses and workplaces during the Victorian era, including in
  Europe and the United States. Many other firms copied the
  concept. Harden offered wall brackets for their Star grenades,
  not unlike those for modern fire extinguishers. The bottles
  were sold in protective wire baskets holding one, two, three,
  or six. Ingenious monster hunters might find them helpful
  against incendiary creatures like fire elementals or the fire
  vampires of the Cthulhu Mythos. The heroes could even
  sanctify the contents to use them as holy water (Loadouts:
  Monster Hunters, pp. 11-12, or Horror, p. 48).
  SHOOTING SUPPLIES
  46
  Hand Grenades Table
  See pp. B268-271 and High-Tech, p. 79, for an explanation of the statistics.
  THROWING (DX-3 or Dropping-4)
  TL
  Weapon
  Damage
  Weight
  Fuse
  Bulk
  Cost
  LC
  Notes
  5
  Ketchum Grenade
  5d [2d] cr ex
  1.3
  Impact
  -3
  $20
  1
  [1]
  5
  Haynes Excelsior
  5d-1 [2d] cr ex
  1.7
  Impact
  -2
  $25
  1
  [2]
  5
  Harden Star
  Spec. (1 yard)
  2
  Impact
  -3
  $20
  5
  [3]
  Notes
  [1] Unreliable. Malfunctions on 16+ (see p. B407).
  [3] Takes 60 seconds to prime.
  [3] Use the throwing and handling rules for Molotov Cocktails and Oil Flasks (p. B411).
  
  Accessories, 45-46.
  Advantages, gun possession and, 5.
  Allen Pepperbox, 9, 18.
  Ammunition, 44-45; dimes as, 24;
  explosive, 25; hollow-point, 25; silver,
  24; smokeless, 17.
  “Apache” criminal gang, 7, 14.
  Autocannon, 40-43; ammunition, 45; table,
  41.
  Beaumont-Adams Mk I, 11, 18.
  Belt swivel rigs, 45-46.
  Berdan PVB-1870, 29, 35.
  Bergmann Nr.3, 19, 20.
  Bergmann Nr.5, 19, 20.
  Borchardt C93, 19, 20.
  Bullard Express, 32, 35.
  Bullets, see Ammunition.
  Burgess Folding Police Gun, 23-24.
  Canadian Northwest Mounted Police, 11,
  16, 25, 31.
  Cannon, 42-43; ammunition, 45.
  Carr & Avery Union Repeating Gun, 36.
  Cartridge belts, canvas, 46; leather, 45.
  Chain fire, 9.
  Chamelot-Delvigne Mle 1873, 14, 18.
  Characters, gun possession and, 5.
  Coach guns, 5, 21; see also Shotguns.
  Cody, William “Buffalo Bill,” 12, 13, 27.
  Cogswell Improved Revolving Pistol, 10,
  18.
  Colt .41 House Pistol, 13, 18.
  Colt .44 Open Top, 14, 18.
  Colt Lightning Rifle, 32.
  Colt M1847 Walker, 9, 18.
  Colt M1848 Dragoon, 10, 18.
  Colt M1851 Navy, 5, 10, 18.
  Colt M1860 Army, 12, 18.
  Colt M1873 SAA, 5, 14-15, 18.
  Colt M1892 New Army, 17, 18.
  Colt Model 1849 Pocket, 10, 18.
  Colt Model 1855 Revolving Rifle, 26, 35.
  Colt Model 1855, 21, 24.
  Colt Model 1877 Lightning, 15, 18.
  Colt Model 1878 D.A., 15-16, 18.
  Colt Model 1878, 22, 24.
  Colt Model 1883, 22-24.
  Colt Model 1895, 41, 42.
  Colt New Pocket, 17, 18.
  Colt New Police, 17, 18.
  Colt No. 5 Holster Model, 9, 18.
  Colt-Thuer No. 3, 7, 8.
  Control Ratings (CR), 4-5.
  Cost Factor (CF), 4.
  Costs, 4; modifiers, 4; tech level and, 4.
  Crescent Arms Hammer Gun, 23, 24.
  Customization, 4.
  Decorated guns, 4.
  Deringer, 6, 8.
  Dimes, as ammunition, 24.
  Disadvantages, gun possession and, 5.
  Dolne Revolver Combine, 14, 18.
  Earp, Wyatt, 13, 15, 22, 31.
  Eclipse Meteor, 21, 24.
  Elswick 4” B.L. Mk II, 42, 43.
  Enfield Mk I, 16, 18.
  Enfield P/1853, 25, 35.
  Evans Sporter, 29-30, 35.
  Firearms License perk, 5.
  FN-Browning Mle 1900, 20.
  Frank Wesson Dagger-Pistol, 7, 8.
  Gardner .450 G.G. Mk I, 39-40.
  Gatling M1874, 36-37.
  GPK Gew88, 33, 34, 35.
  GPK Reichsrevolver 83, 16, 18.
  Grave torpedoes, 45.
  Greener Double-Grip Pistol, 8.
  Greener Elephant Rifle, 32, 35.
  Greener Facile Princeps, 22, 24.
  Grenades, 46.
  Gun batteries, spaceship, 43.
  GURPS, 4, 22 ; Big Lizzie, 3; China, 34,
  38, 40-42; Cliffhangers, 3, 33, 39;
  Cops, 15; Deadlands: Weird West, 10;
  Gun Fu, 3, 6, 19, 28, 30, 33, 34, 45;
  High-Tech, 3, 4, 5, 7-14, 16-27, 29, 30,
  32-36, 39, 41-46; High-Tech: Pulp
  Guns, Volume 1, 3, 13, 14, 16, 17, 29;
  High-Tech: Pulp Guns, Volume 2, 3,
  42; Horror, 3, 9, 24, 46; Infinite
  Worlds, 3; Infinite Worlds:
  Britannica-6, 3, 10, 39; Lands Out of
  Time, 3, 34; Loadouts: Monster
  Hunters, 9, 24, 31, 46; Low-Tech, 37,
  42; Martial Arts: Fairbairn Close
  Combat Systems, 20; Monster
  Hunters, 3; Mysteries, 3; Old West, 3,
  9-16, 19, 21, 23-25, 27, 28, 30, 31, 38,
  42; Spaceships, 43; Spaceships 7:
  Divergent and Paranormal Tech, 38,
  43; Steam-Tech, 37, 38, 41;
  Steampunk, 3, 4, 10, 17, 24, 29, 33, 37,
  38, 40, 42, 43, 45; Tactical Shooting,
  3, 5, 6, 8-10, 12-14, 16, 17, 21, 26, 28-
  34, 45, 46; Who’s Who 2, 12, 14, 15,
  17, 19, 20, 24, 31, 32, 42.
  H&H Paradox Gun, 23, 24.
  Handguns, see Pistols, Revolvers.
  Hanes Excelsior, 46.
  Harden Star, 46.
  Hardin, John Wesley, 12, 15.
  Henry Rifle, 27-28, 35.
  Hickok, “Wild Bill,” 10, 27.
  Holland and Holland gun, 23, 24.
  Holliday, “Doc,” 15, 21, 22.
  Hotchkiss 1-pounder, 38, 39.
  Hotchkiss 6-pounder Q.F. Mk I, 42, 43.
  Hotchkiss Canon de Montagne, 42-43.
  Ketchum Grenade, 46.
  Krag-Jørgensen M1892, 34, 35.
  Lancaster Howdah, 8.
  Lebel Mle 1886, 32, 35.
  Lee-Metford Mk I, 32-33, 35.
  Lefaucheux Mle 1854, 11, 18.
  Legality, 4-5; traits related to, 5.
  LeMat Grape Shot Revolver, 11, 18.
  License perk, 5.
  Lindsay Young America, 6-8.
  Loomis IXL No. 15, 21, 24.
  Luger Parabellum, 20.
  Machine guns, ammunition, 44-45; full-
  automatic, 40-42; mechanical, 36-40;
  tables, 39, 41.
  Mannlicher-Carcano Mod 91, 33, 35.
  Mariette Poivrière, 9, 18.
  Martini-Henry Mk I, 29, 35; ammunition
  debacle, 29.
  Mauser C78 Zick-Zack, 16, 18.
  Mauser C96, 19-20.
  Mauser Gew98, 34, 35.
  Mauser IG71, 29, 35.
  Maxim .450 M.H. Mk I, 40-41.
  Maxim 1-pounder Q.F. Mk I, 40, 41.
  Merwin & Bray Derringer, 7, 8.
  Mosin-Nagant PV-1891, 33, 35.
  Muskets, see Rifles.
  Nordenfelt .450 G.G. Mk II, 38-39.
  Parker Lifter, 21, 24.
  Perk, new, 5.
  Pistols, accessories, 45-46; ammunition,
  44; non-repeating, 6-8; semiautomatic,
  19-20; slang, 5; tables, 8, 20; see also
  Revolvers.
  Projectiles, see Ammunition.
  Quality, improving, 4.
  Reid’s My Friend, 12-13, 18.
  INDEX
  47
  I have often been asked why five shots without
  reloading were all a top-notch gunfighter fired, when his
  guns were chambered for six cartridges. The answer is,
  merely, safety.
  – Stuart Lake, Wyatt Earp: Frontier Marshal
  INDEX
  
  Remington Double-Derringer, 7, 8.
  Remington M1871 Army, 7, 8.
  Remington Model 8, 34-35.
  Remington Model 1875, 15, 18.
  Remington Model 1878 Heavy Duck Gun,
  22, 24.
  Remington Model 1889, 23, 24.
  Remington New Model Army, 12, 18.
  Remington No. 1 Rolling Block, 28, 35.
  Remington-Elliott Pocket Repeater, 7, 8.
  Remington-Keene Model 1880 Sporter,
  31, 35.
  Remington-Rider No. 3, 23, 24.
  Remington-Whitmore Hammer Lifter, 21,
  35.
  Revolvers, 9-18; accessories, 45-46;
  ammunition, 44; malfunction, 9; 
  slang, 5; table, 18; see also Pistols.
  Rexer Machine Gun, 41, 42.
  Rifles, 25-35; accessories, 45-46;
  ammunition, 25, 44-45; table, 35.
  Riot guns, 21; see also Shotguns.
  Roosevelt, Theodore, 17, 20, 31, 32, 42.
  Roper Repeating Shotgun, 21, 24.
  Rupertus Model 8 Pepperbox, 12, 18.
  S&W .32 Safety Hammerless, 17, 18.
  S&W .44 D.A. Frontier, 16, 18.
  S&W No. 1, 11-12, 18.
  S&W No. 3 Russian, 13-14, 18.
  Savage M1859 Navy, 12, 18.
  Scheufler Polizeirevolver M86, 16, 18.
  Sharps M1859, 26-27, 35.
  Sharps No. 2 Derringer, 6-8.
  Sharps Sporting Model 1874, 5, 31, 35.
  Shattuck Unique, 8.
  Shotguns, 20-24; accessories, 45, 46;
  ammunition, 44; chokes, 22; coach, 5,
  21; riot, 21; sawed-off, 5, 21; slang, 5;
  table, 24.
  Skoda M.93, 41.
  Slang, 5.
  Smith and Wesson, Volcanic guns, 6, 8,
  25, 35; see also specific S&W guns.
  Space guns, 43.
  Spencer M1860, 28, 35.
  Spencer Model 1882, 22, 24.
  Springfield M1861, 27, 35.
  Springfield M1873, 30, 35.
  Starr M1858 Army, 11, 18.
  Stevens Model 1877, 22, 24.
  Steyr-Mannlicher M.88, 32, 35.
  Steyr-Roth M.7, 20.
  Styling, 4.
  Tables, ammunition, 44-45; autocannon,
  41; automatic machine guns, 41;
  cannon, 42; hand grenades, 46;
  mechanical machine guns, 39; 
  muskets, 35; non-repeating 
  pistols, 8; revolvers, 18; rifles, 35;
  semiautomatic pistols, 20; shotguns, 24;
  spaceship weapon, 43.
  Texas Rangers, 9, 19, 27, 30.
  Tranter Man-Stopper, 13, 18.
  Trap guns, 45.
  Turbiaux Le Protector, 7, 8.
  Volcanic No. 2 Army Pistol, 6, 8.
  Volcanic Repeating Rifle, 25-26, 35.
  W. Richards Hammer Gun, 22, 24.
  Webley Mk I, 17, 18.
  Webley Mk III M&P, 18.
  Webley No. 2 British Bull Dog, 14, 18.
  Webley No. 5 New Model Army Express,
  16, 18.
  Webley RIC No. 1, 13, 18.
  Wells, Fargo & Company, 14, 23.
  Wesson & Leavitt Dragoon, 10, 18.
  Western gun slang, 5.
  Whitworth Rifle, 26, 35.
  Winchester Model 1866, 28, 35.
  Winchester Model 1873, 30, 33, 35.
  Winchester Model 1876, 31, 35.
  Winchester Model 1886, 32, 35.
  Winchester Model 1887, 23, 24.
  Winchester Model 1892, 33-35.
  Winchester Model 1893, 23, 24.
  Winchester Model 1894, 34, 35.
  Winchester Model 1897, 24.
  INDEX
  48
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