TEXT: TRACKED SELF-PROPELLED ANTIAIRCRAFT
   
  Brazilian Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  British Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  Canadian Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  Chinese Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  Czech Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  Egyptian Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  Finnish Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  French Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  German Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  Israeli Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  Italian Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  Japanese Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  Lebanese Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  Pakistani Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  Polish Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  Russian Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  Salvadoran Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  South Korean Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  Swedish Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  Turkish Tracked SP Antiaircraft
  US Tracked SP Antiaircraft
   
  
  X-1A Antiaircraft Vehicle
  Notes: This Brazilian vehicle is an X-1A light tank with the turret replaced with one mounting an M-55 
  Quad .50 antiaircraft machinegun. This vehicle was designed for antiaircraft use, but more often found 
  use as an antipersonnel/light vehicle weapon. 
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  $48,352
  D, A
  400 kg
  14.2 tons
  4
  6
  Headlights
  Enclosed
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  142/58
  36/25
  320
  103
  Trtd
  T3
  TF2 TS2 TR1 HF8 HS4 HR4
  Fire Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +1
  Basic
  M-55 Quad .50 
  Machinegun
  2500x.50
  
  Stormer Starburst/Starstreak
  Notes: These vehicles exist, but the machinegun used is an M-2HB.
  Twilight 2000 Notes: The Stormer Starburst is a Stormer armored personnel carrier with a turret similar 
  to the Stormer Starstreak below, but mounting Starburst SAMs instead. The turret was also tested on 
  an AMX-10P, M-113A2, and BTR-50 chassis, but only a single prototype each of these vehicles were 
  made for demonstration purposes. The Stormer Starburst was produced at the same time and in the 
  same factories as the Stormer Starstreak, but in greater numbers because it was cheaper and used 
  cheaper missiles.
  The Stormer Starstreak is an ADATS version of the Stormer, mounting a turret with a BRG-15 MG and 
  8 hypervelocity missile tubes.
  Vehicle
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  Starburst
  $283,436
  D, G, 
  AvG, 
  A
  400 
  kg
  10.6 
  tons
  4
  6
  Passive 
  IR, 
  Thermal 
  Imaging, 
  Radar
  Enclosed
  Starstreak
  $296,336
  D, G, 
  AvG, 
  A
  410 
  kg
  10.4 
  tons
  4
  6
  Passive 
  IR, 
  Thermal 
  Imaging, 
  Radar
  Enclosed
  Vehicle
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  (Both)
  140/98
  35/25/5
  405
  89
  CiH
  T3
  TF6 TS6 TR6 HF8 
  HS4 HR4
  Vehicle
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  
  Starburst
  +2
  Basic
  8xStarburst SAM 
  Launchers, BRG-15
  20xStarburst SAMs, 
  500x15.2mm
  Starstreak
  +2
  Basic
  8xStarstreak SAM 
  Launchers, BRG-15
  24xStarstreak SAMs, 
  500x15.2mm
  Tracked Rapier
  Notes: This is a modified form of the ground-mounted Rapier SAM pedestal mounted on a highly 
  modified M-548 tracked load carrier. The carrier is lightly armored and thin armor is added to the 
  Rapier mount. The mount is supplied with some degree of stabilization and fire control to allow some 
  degree of fire on the move. Originally designed for the needs of the Iranian Army in the late 1970s, the 
  Tracked Rapier was cancelled by the new Iranian government after it cut ties with Western countries 
  after the revolution. The British Army bought the 50 systems that were already built, and then ordered 
  another 20, then in the early 1990s, ordered series production of the vehicle. The basic M-548 chassis 
  remains intact, with a cab with doors on each side and a roof hatch with a weapon mount. A 60kW 
  APU is located behind the cab to power the weapon systems when the engine is not on. The gunner 
  has a weapons station in the cab linked with the launcher. The Tracked Rapier retains the M-548’s 
  amphibious capabilities, but does not have NBC sealing.
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  $133,134
  D, A
  500 
  kg
  14.01 
  tons
  3
  8
  Radar, 
  Passive IR
  Enclosed
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  112/78
  28/20/3
  398
  72
  Trtd
  T2
  TF2 TS2 TR2 HF2 HS2 HR2
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +4
  Basic
  4xRapier Launchers, L-7A2 
  (C)
  8xRapier SAMs, 
  1000x7.62mm
  
  M-113/ADATS
  Notes: This mounting of the ADATS missile is used by Canada and the US. It was designed as a 
  mobile air defense/antitank system that can keep up with advancing infantry and with more 
  effectiveness than the Chaparral and M-901 ITV systems. The system consists of eight ADATS tubes 
  in a turret on top of the M-113 chassis, and is equipped with radar, FLIR, and fire-control devices. 
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $372,349
  D, A
  500 
  kg
  15.8 
  tons
  3
  9
  Radar, FLIR, 
  Passive IR
  Shielded
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  117/81
  29/20/2
  360
  93
  Trtd
  T2
  TF5 TS4 TR4 HF6 HS4 
  HR4
  Fire Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +3
  Basic
  8xADATS Launchers
  16xADATS Missiles
  
  Type 63
  Notes: This self-propelled antiaircraft vehicle is one of the oldest still in the Chinese inventory, and it is 
  also still used by Vietnam. The vehicle consists of a T-34 tank chassis topped with an open turret 
  mounting twin 37mm autocannons. The traverse on the turret and the elevation mechanism on the 
  guns are both manual, so they are slow.
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  $123,942
  D, A
  500 kg
  32 tons
  4
  10
  Active IR
  Enclosed
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  120/84
  30/21
  590
  185
  Trtd
  T4
  TF22 TS8 TR7 HF56 HS14 
  HR10
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +1
  None
  2x37mm Autocannons, PKT (Hull)
  350x37mm, 1200x7.62mm
  Type 69-37-2
  Notes: This is a Type 69 tank with the turret replaced with one mounting twin 37mm autocannons. This 
  is a clear-weather-only system, as no radar is provided (a few rare Type 69-37-2s do have radar). The 
  commander is seated on the left inside the turret and the gunner is on the right, with the autocannons 
  between them. 
  Vehicle
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  No 
  Radar
  $111,397
  D, A
  800 
  kg
  35 
  tons
  3
  11
  Passive 
  IR
  Enclosed
  
  Radar
  $151,397
  D, A
  800 
  kg
  35 
  tons
  3
  13
  Radar, 
  Passive 
  IR
  Enclosed
  Vehicle
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  No 
  Radar
  126/88
  32/22
  935
  215
  Trtd
  T6
  TF16 TS6 TR6 HF40 
  HS10 HR8
  Radar
  122/84
  31/21
  935
  215
  Trtd
  T6
  TF16 TS6 TR6 HF40 
  HS10 HR8
  Vehicle
  Fire Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  No Radar
  +1
  None
  Twin 37mm Autocannons
  500x37mm
  Radar
  +2
  None
  Twin 37mm Autocannons
  500x37mm
  Type 80
  Notes: This is an older Chinese self-propelled antiaircraft gun, similar to the Russian ZSU-57-2, being 
  a large, open-topped turret mounting twin S-60 autocannons on a Type 69-II tank chassis. Slightly 
  larger than the ZSU-57-2, it carries more ammunition, has better gun stabilization, and better sights. 
  There is a wire cage on the rear of the turret for the crew to deposit empty shell casings and links. 
  Unlike most other Chinese weapons and vehicles, the Type 80 was not exported.
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  $131,161
  D, A
  550 kg
  31 tons
  6
  11
  Passive IR
  Shielded
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  136/96
  34/24
  935
  215
  Trtd
  T6
  TF16 TS6 TR6 HF40 HS10 
  HR8
  
  Fire Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +1
  Fair
  2x57mm S-60 
  autocannons
  400x57mm
  
  BVP-1 Strop
  Notes: As Czechoslovakia’s M-53/59 self-propelled antiaircraft guns based on an armored truck 
  chassis were getting old and the truck chassis were not very mobile off-road, Czechoslovakia decided 
  to start, in the mid-1980s, to remove the antiaircraft guns from the M-53/59s and placing them on the 
  chassis of BVP-1 infantry fighting vehicles, which were being phased out in favor of BVP-2s. A new 
  commander’s hatch is installed to the front right of the turret, which is further to the rear than on a BVP-
  1. The turret is a two-man version, but it has no hatches, and the crew enters through the rear doors. 
  Besides Czechoslovakia, this vehicle has also been seen in the hands of Angolan and Cuban soldiers.
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  $798,052
  D, A
  400 
  kg
  14.68 
  tons
  4
  6
  Active/
  Passive IR
  Shielded
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  126/88
  32/22/3
  460
  111
  Trtd
  T2
  TF3 TS3 TR2 HF8 HS4 HR4
  Fire Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +2
  Fair
  2x30mm M-53 Autocannons
  1000x30mm
  
  Sinai-23
  Notes: This is an Egyptian modification of the M-113A3 armored personnel carrier. In this role, the M-
  113 is fitted with a turret mounting twin ZU-23 autocannons and four launchers for Sakr Eye SAMs (an 
  Egyptian improved SA-7 Grail SAM). The vehicle also has a radar set and a fire control computer with 
  stabilization for the guns. 
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $148,877
  D, A
  300 
  kg
  12 
  tons
  4
  7
  Radar, Passive 
  IR
  Shielded
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  110/78
  28/20/3
  360
  114
  Trtd
  T2
  TF5 TS5 TR5 HF6 HS4 
  HR4
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +3
  Fair
  Twin 23mm ZU-23 autocannons, 4xSakr 
  Eye Launchers
  1400x23mm, 6xSakr 
  Eye SAMs
  
  T-55/Marksman
  Notes: This is a Finnish self-propelled antiaircraft gun using a T-55 chassis with a GEC-Marconi 
  Marksman turret (the same turret fitted to the German Gepard AAA gun). The T-55/Marksman is radar-
  equipped and all upgrades were completed by 1993.
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $189,168
  D, A
  500 
  kg
  36 
  tons
  4
  13
  Radar, Active/
  Passive IR
  Shielded
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  114/80
  29/20
  812
  +380
  192
  Trtd
  T6
  TF27 TS10 TR6 HF67 HS16 
  HR8
  Fire Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +4
  Fair
  Twin 35mm KDA Autocannons
  240x35mm
  
  AMX-13 DCA
  Notes: This is the hull of the AMX-13 light tank topped with a large turret housing an antiaircraft gun 
  system. They are generally used in a mix with SP antiaircraft missile systems to provide a layered mix 
  of weapons. They are fairly light vehicles with decent armor (especially against civilians and under-
  equipped partisans) and good maneuverability. There is a driver’s hatch on the front deck, and a 
  commander’s hatch on the turret deck; the gunner uses the commander’s hatch. The hull can use the 
  same appliqué armor as the standard AMX-13 light tank.
  Twilight 2000 Notes: In the Twilight War, the AMX-13 DCAs were used to grisly effect in the Middle 
  East and the Dead Zone against personnel in the open and in soft skinned vehicles, and used to 
  terrorize and kill refugees in the Dead Zone along the Franco-German border, as well as against 
  partisans in Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands. 
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  $102,450
  G, A
  300 
  kg
  17.2 
  tons
  3
  8
  Radar, 
  Passive IR
  Enclosed
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  88/62
  22/16
  415
  139
  Trtd
  T3
  TF5 TS4 TR3 HF6 HS3 HR2
  Fire Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +2
  Fair
  2x 30mm Giat 30 M 781
  600x30mm
  Roland/AMX-30
  Notes: This is the same Roland SAM turret as on the Roland SPAA featured in the NATO Combat 
  Vehicle Handbook, but mounted on a modified AMX-30 tank chassis. It is used by France, Iraq, Qatar, 
  and Spain. Missile launchers are automatically reloaded when empty. The Roland system has both 
  night vision and self-contained radar for the missiles, and may be fired by optical tracking in a heavily 
  jammed environment. 
  
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $228,490
  D, G, A
  500 
  kg
  34 
  tons
  4
  13
  Thermal Imaging, 
  Radar
  Shielded
  Tr Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  144/100
  36/25
  970
  253
  Trtd
  T6
  TF12 TS5 TR3 HF30 HS8 
  HR4
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +3
  None
  Twin Roland Launcher, AAT-F1 
  (C)
  8xRoland Missiles, 
  750x7.62mm
  Shahine
  Notes: This is a self-propelled SAM launcher built by France. The system consists of Crotale SAMs 
  mounted on a modified AMX-30 main battle tank chassis. The system has radar that can track 18 
  targets at once and engage two of them at a time with missiles. The vehicle is normally followed by a 
  number of heavy trucks equipped with extra missiles and a crane for reloading the launcher.
  The second part of Shahine is a target acquisition unit. This is a radar vehicle mounted on a modified 
  AMX-30 chassis. The radar vehicle can track up to 40 targets at once at a range of 18.5 km. It feeds 
  data to the Shahine firing unit through a radio link.
  Twilight 2000 Notes: The French did not use this system before the Twilight War, but was instead used 
  only by Saudi Arabia; shipments were diverted when the Foreign Legion deployed to the Middle East, 
  for use by those forces. 
  Vehicle
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  Firing 
  Vehicle
  $286,291
  D, G, 
  A
  400 
  kg
  38 
  tons
  4
  14
  Passive 
  IR, Radar
  Shielded
  
  Radar 
  Vehicle
  $174,452
  D, G, 
  A
  500 
  kg
  32.7 
  tons
  4
  12
  Passive 
  IR, Radar
  Shielded
  Vehicle
  Tr Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  Firing 
  Vehicle
  130/90
  33/23
  970
  245
  Trtd
  T6
  TF12 TS5 TR3 HF30 
  HS8 HR4
  Radar 
  Vehicle
  146/102
  37/26
  970
  250
  CiH
  T6
  TF2 TS2 TR2 HF30 
  HS8 HR4
  Vehicle
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  Firing Vehicle
  +4
  None
  6xCrotale SAM 
  Launchers
  6xCrotale 
  Missiles
  Radar 
  Vehicle
  None
  None
  AAT-F1 (C)
  1000x7.62mm
  
  Gepard
  Notes: This is a flakpanzer (antiaircraft tank) used by Germany, the Netherlands (where it is known as the CA-
  1), and Belgium. The turret, called the Marksman, is also used on a T-55 chassis by Finland and on a G-6 
  chassis by South Africa. The Gepard itself is basically a much-modified Leopard 1 chassis topped with a 
  large turret housing the antiaircraft gun system, including a radar for search purposes and a shorter-ranged 
  radar for tracking targets and directing the guns. It has a superficial resemblance to the ZSU-57-2, but as the 
  latter system was not encountered much in Europe and the Gepard was rare in areas where the ZSU-57-2 
  was common, few mistakes were made. Dutch CA-1s are easily distinguished by their differently-shaped 
  radars; the CA-1’s search radar is T-shaped, and the tracking radar has a larger dish, and in addition, there 
  are typically 4 smoke grenade launchers on each side of the turret on German and Belgian Gepards, while 
  there are 6 smoke grenade launchers on each side of the CA-1’s turret. Otherwise, there is a driver’s hatch 
  on the front right deck, and a commander’s hatch on the turret deck. 
  Twilight 2000 Notes: It was common to put a weapon mount by the commander’s hatch, but Gepards were 
  not issued that way.
  Vehicle
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  Standard
  $251,443
  D, G, 
  AvG, 
  A
  500 
  kg
  47.3 
  tons
  3
  14
  Radar, 
  Passive IR
  Shielded
  Late 
  Production
  $342,443
  D, G, 
  AvG, 
  A
  500 
  kg
  47.4 
  tons
  3
  14
  Radar, 
  Passive IR, 
  Image 
  Intensification, 
  Thermal 
  Imaging
  Shielded
  Vehicle
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  (Both)
  126/88
  32/22
  985
  293
  Trtd
  T6
  TF15 HS6 TS6 HF38 HS10 
  HR8
  Vehicle
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  Standard
  +4
  Fair
  2x35mm KDA Autocannons
  660x35mm
  
  Late Production
  +4
  Good
  2x35mm KDA Autocannons
  660x35mm
  Ozelot
  Notes: This is a Wiesel light combat vehicle fitted with a turret mounting a SAM launcher. Either Stingers or 
  SA-16s may be used. The launcher has four tubes, and these weapons may be dismounted and used 
  separate from the vehicle. The turret is also equipped with a passive air defense alert device. 
  There is also a version of the Ozelot, known as the platoon/battalion command post, which has no missiles, 
  but instead has a rotary 3-D radar of Swedish make, known as HARD (Helicopter and Airplane Radio/radar 
  Detection). These vehicles are normally linked to the Ozelot SAM vehicles. This allows a fire control rating of 
  +2.
  Vehicle
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  SAM 
  Vehicle
  $111,806
  D, A
  300 
  kg
  4.2 
  tons
  3
  3
  Passive IR
  Enclosed
  Radar 
  Vehicle
  $67,095
  D, A
  300 
  kg
  4.13 
  tons
  3
  6
  Radar, 
  Passive IR
  Enclosed
  Vehicle
  Tr Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  (Both)
  158/110
  40/28
  450
  40
  Trtd
  T3
  TF1 TS1 TR1 HF4 HS2 
  HR2
  Vehicle
  Fire Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  SAM 
  Vehicle
  +1 (+2 if linked with 
  radar vehicle)
  None
  4xStinger or SA-16 
  Launchers
  8xStinger or SA-
  16 SAMs
  Radar 
  Vehicle
  None
  None
  MG-3 (C)
  450x7.62mm
  Radarpanzer
  Notes: This is a modified Marder IFV fitted with a raised roofline and a turntable mounting a Siemens air 
  defense radar system. The radar can be raised 10 meters above ground level, and has a range of 30 km. The 
  vehicle is primarily meant to provide targeting information for Roland and Gepard air defense systems, but 
  may be used with other air defense systems. 
  
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $109,205
  D, A
  400 
  kg
  35 
  tons
  4
  14
  Radar, Passive/Active 
  IR
  Shielded
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  112/78
  28/20/3
  652
  217
  Trtd
  T4
  TF2 TS2 TR2 HF15 HS6 HR6
  Fire Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  None
  None
  MG-3 (C)
  2500x7.62mm
  Roland 2/Roland 3/Marder
  Notes: This is the Roland surface-to-air missile system mounted on the chassis of the Marder IFV. The 
  Marder is heavily modified for this role, not only using a different turret, but also carrying automatic reloading 
  machinery in the rear of the vehicle instead of passengers. The Roland 2 and 3 are similar, but the Roland 3 
  has four missiles launching tubes instead of two. The result is an accurate SAM vehicle that can keep up with 
  armored formations and is used for their protection. The commander and driver’s hatch are on the front deck; 
  the turret and the gunner have no hatch. The rear ramp is deleted, as are the firing ports. 
  Twilight 2000 Notes: Besides the Germans, this system was also used by Brazil in the Twilight War.
  Vehicle
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  Roland 2
  $190,183
  D, A
  500 
  kg
  32.5 
  tons
  3
  14
  Radar, Passive 
  IR, Image 
  Intensification
  Shielded
  Roland 3
  $228,411
  D, A
  500 
  kg
  33 
  tons
  4
  14
  Radar, Passive 
  IR, Image 
  Intensification
  Shielded
  Vehicle
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  
  (Both)
  118/84
  30/21/3
  652
  217
  Trtd
  T4
  TF2 TS2 TR2 HF15 HS6 
  HR6
  Vehicle
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  Roland 2
  +3
  None
  2xRoland Launchers, MG-
  3 (C)
  10xRoland SAMs, 
  1200x7.62mm
  Roland 3
  +3
  None
  4xRoland Launchers, MG-
  3 (C)
  10xRoland SAMs, 
  1200x7.62mm
  
  Machbet
  Notes: This is an Israeli variation of the M-741A6 PIVADS vehicle, used only by that country. It is 
  almost identical to the M-163, but atop the turret is a launching box with 4 Stinger launchers. This 
  vehicle was a surprise to enemy pilots who felt they had spotted a standard PIVAD and thought they 
  were out of range of it.
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $194,236
  D, A
  200 
  kg
  12.43 
  tons
  3
  7
  Passive IR, 
  Radar
  Shielded
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  106/74
  27/19/3
  360
  98
  Trtd
  T2
  TF3 TS3 TR3 HF6 HS4 HR4
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +2
  Basic
  20mm M-163 Vulcan Autocannon, 
  4xStinger Launchers
  1800x20mm, 
  8xStinger SAMs
  
  Otomatic
  Notes: This is a heavy antiaircraft gun built on the chassis of the Leopard 1 tank, many of which the Italians 
  had after adopting the C-1 Ariete in the early 1990s. The regular tank turret is removed and replaced with a 
  larger turret mounting a 76mm radar-directed antiaircraft gun known as the OTO-Breda Super Rapid, a gun 
  more normally found on ships rather than land mountings. The fire control equipment is advanced, with 
  radar ranging and computer-controlled acquisition, with laser sights and backup TV sights and optical 
  sights for use against land vehicles. The vehicle also incorporates a laser designator for use in conjunction 
  with units firing laser-guided missiles. The Otomatic is equipped with a very efficient fire suppression 
  system, NBC overpressure and radiological shielding, and an APU to generate power when the engine is 
  switched off. 
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $214,461
  D, G, 
  AvG, A
  500 
  kg
  47 
  tons
  4
  15
  Radar, Active/
  Passive IR
  Shielded
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  124/86
  31/22
  985
  285
  Trtd
  T6
  TF30 TS12 TR11 HF38 HS10 
  HR8
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +4
  Fair
  76mm OTO-Breda Autocannon, MG-43/59 
  (C)
  90x76mm, 
  1000x7.62mm
  SIDAM-25
  Notes: This is a light antiaircraft system based on the M-113 chassis. A turret is added, with quadruple 
  25mm KBA autocannons. In addition, the engine is replaced with a more powerful engine, and the fuel 
  tanks are moved to the rear, on either side of the ramp (in the same manner as the M-113A3). 
  The SIDAM-25/Mistral is a rare Italian air defense vehicle that is a standard SIDAM-25 with three launchers 
  for Mistral SAMs mounted above each bank of autocannons. Sights appropriate for the missiles are added 
  along with an enhanced night vision suite. The first of these modifications was done in late 1996, so they 
  are relatively rare.
  
  Vehicle
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  SIDAM-
  25
  $100,679
  D, A
  200 
  kg
  15.1 
  tons
  3
  6
  Passive IR
  Shielded
  SIDAM-
  25/
  Mistral
  $316,863
  D, A
  200 
  kg
  15.3 
  tons
  3
  7
  Passive IR, 
  Thermal 
  Imaging, 
  Image 
  Intensification
  Shielded
  Vehicle
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  SIDAM-25
  96/66
  24/17/3
  360
  99
  Trtd
  T2
  TF5 TS5 TR5 HF6 HS4 
  HR4
  SIDAM-25/
  Mistral
  92/64
  23/16/2
  360
  99
  Trtd
  T2
  TF5 TS5 TR5 HF6 HS4 
  HR4
  Vehicle
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  SIDAM-25
  +2
  Fair
  4x25mm KBA Autocannons
  1400x25mm
  SIDAM-25/
  Mistral
  +3
  Fair
  4x25mm KBA Autocannons, 
  6xMistral Launchers
  1400x25mm, 
  6xMistral SAMs
  
  Type 87
  Notes: This is a Japanese self-propelled antiaircraft gun based on the chassis of the Type 74 tank. The 
  turret is similar to the German Gepard gun, and the autocannons used are the same as that vehicle. 
  The guns are radar-directed.
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $153,461
  D, A
  500 
  kg
  44 
  tons
  4
  14
  Radar, Passive 
  IR
  Shielded
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  128/90
  32/23
  950
  278
  Trtd
  T6
  TF22 TS8 TR7 HF56Sp HS14 
  HR10
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +4
  Fair
  2x35mm KDA Autocannons, M-2HB (C)
  600x35mm, 500x.50
  
  M-113A1/ZU-23-2
  Notes: This jury-rigged vehicle is a local modification by Lebanese forces. It is an M-113A1 with a ZU-
  23-2 antiaircraft gun installed on the rear deck. The rear deck hatch is retained, as is the rear ramp, but 
  the commander's hatch is blocked by the gun installation. The base vehicle is largely unchanged and 
  can be easily converted back to the APC version, and with a limited ammunition load can still be used 
  in that role. Ammunition in this vehicle is normally carried in cans or in the crates the ammunition is 
  shipped in, but some have been modified with improvised racks. Elevation and traverse are manual 
  and unable to keep up with fast aircraft; as such, the vehicle is normally used against helicopters or in 
  a ground support role. There is a gun shield on the front of the weapon, but otherwise, the crew 
  operating the gun is unprotected.
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  $58,621
  D, A
  1 ton
  11.95 tons
  4
  5
  Passive IR
  Shielded
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  108/76
  27/19
  360
  98
  Trtd
  T2
  TF2 TS0 TR0 HF6 HS4 HR4
  Fire Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +1
  None
  ZU-23-2 Twin 23mm Autocannons
  1100x23mm
  
  M-113/Anza
  Notes: This is a Pakistani development of the M-113A1, with a turret mounting a quadruple launcher 
  for the Anza 1 (copy of the Chinese HN-5 SAM) and two KPV machineguns. The weapons have a 
  coincidence gunsight, but are not stabilized or otherwise increased in accuracy.
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  $138,580
  D, A
  400 
  kg
  12.05 
  tons
  4
  6
  Passive IR
  Shielded
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  108/76
  27/19/3
  360
  98
  Trtd
  T2
  TF2 TS2 TR2 HF6 HS4 HR4
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +1
  None
  4xHN-5 Launchers, 2xKPV
  8xHN-5 SAMs, 1750x14.5mm
  M-113/RBS-70
  Notes: This is a Pakistani M-113 with a pedestal in the rear mounting an elevating RBS-70 SAM and a 
  seat for the gunner. The weapon is carried under armor and elevated before launch. The SAM is 
  equipped with a laser rangefinder and sight.
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  $76,909
  D, A
  400 kg
  11.68 tons
  3
  6
  Passive IR
  Shielded
  Tr Mov
  Com Mov
  Fuel Cap
  Fuel Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  110/78
  28/20/3
  360
  97
  Stnd
  T2
  HF6 HS4 HR4
  
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +3
  None
  RBS-70 launcher, DShK (C)
  8xRBS-70 SAMs, 2000x12.7mm
  
  Sopel
  Notes: The system is based on a stretched MT-LB, topped with a turret mounting an autocannon and 
  missile launchers. Early versions were armed with SA-7 missiles, but most versions were armed with 
  SA-14 missiles, and a few were made with SA-16 missiles. The early versions have ZU-23 
  autocannons, but most of the Sopels are armed with 2A38 30mm autocannons (the same as mounted 
  on the ZSO-30-4). 
  Twilight 2000 Notes: This Polish vehicle began production just before the Twilight War, and as it was 
  produced by the same factories as the BMP-40 and BWP-2000, the production facilities were 
  destroyed early in the war, and few examples of the Sopel were made.
  Vehicle
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  23mm
  $212,326
  D, A
  500 
  kg
  16 
  tons
  3
  10
  Thermal 
  Imaging, 
  Passive 
  IR
  Enclosed
  30mm
  $225,110
  D, A
  500 
  kg
  16.12 
  tons
  3
  10
  Thermal 
  Imaging, 
  Passive 
  IR
  Enclosed
  Vehicle
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  (Both)
  108/79
  27/19
  450
  79
  Trtd
  T4
  TF3 TS3 TR3 HF4 
  HS2 HR2
  Vehicle
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  23mm
  +3
  Fair
  2x23mm ZU-23 
  Autocannons, 2xSA-7 or SA-
  14 Launchers, PKT (C)
  1800x23mm, 8xSA-7 
  or SA-14 SAMs, 
  1000x7.62mm
  
  30mm
  +3
  Fair
  2x30mm 2A38 
  Autocannons, 2xSA-7 or SA-
  14 Launchers, PKT (C)
  1800x30mm, 8xSA-7 
  or SA-14 SAMs, 
  1000x7.62mm
  
  BTR-ZD
  Notes: This is a BTR-D topped with a turret containing a ZU-23-2 antiaircraft gun setup. It is designed for 
  local air defense and fire support for airborne and naval infantry units. The turret is open-topped and only 
  has a frontal gun shield. It is not normally found outside of Russian, Polish, and Czech units, though a few 
  were supplied to Iraq before the war. 
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $70,376
  D, A
  600 kg
  11 tons
  4
  4
  Active/Passive IR
  Shielded
  Tr Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  164/115
  38/27/7
  300
  88
  Trtd
  T4
  TF2 TS0 TR0 HF8 HS4 HR4
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +2
  Basic
  ZU-23-2 Twin 23mm Autocannon, 2xPKT 
  (Bow)
  1120x23mm, 
  2000x7.62mm
  SA-4 Ganef ADA
  Notes: The Russian designation of this system is the ZRD-SD. It is used by that country and by Bulgaria, 
  Hungary, and Poland. It stretches the limits of the designation "tactical" due to its size, but is used in that 
  role. The complete system includes the launcher described below; a radar vehicle also described below, 
  and Ural-375 trucks for resupply. The radar vehicles are essential; the firing vehicle has no radar or 
  guidance equipment for the missiles. The Long Track tracking radar unit is based on an AT-T chassis, while 
  the Pat Hand fire control radar is based on the same chassis as the Ganef.
  Vehicle
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  Firing Unit
  $270,039
  D, A
  400 
  kg
  30 
  tons
  5
  16
  Active/
  Passive IR
  Shielded
  Long Track 
  Radar Unit
  $257,092
  D, A
  400 
  kg
  27.75 
  tons
  5
  14
  Headlights
  Shielded
  
  Pat Hand 
  Radar Unit
  $73,013
  D, A
  400 
  kg
  30 
  tons
  5
  13
  Active/
  Passive IR
  Shielded
  Vehicle
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  Firing Unit
  139/97
  32/23
  850
  153
  Trtd
  T6
  TF1 TS1 TR1 HF6 
  HS4 HR4
  Long Track 
  Radar Unit
  70/49
  17/12
  1415
  82
  CiH
  T4
  TF1 TS1 TR1 HF2 
  HS2 HR2
  Pat Hand 
  Radar Unit
  134/94
  31/22
  850
  146
  CiH
  T6
  TF1 TS1 TR1 HF6 
  HS4 HR4
  Vehicle
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  Firing Unit
  +3
  None
  Twin SA-4 Launcher
  2xSA-4 SAMs
  Radar Units
  None
  None
  PKT (C)
  1000x7.62mm
  SA-6 Gainful
  Notes: This Russian SAM vehicle is known as the ZRK-SD Kub in Russian service. (The export version is 
  called the Kvadrat, but is identical.) Two versions exist; the standard SA-6 consists of a radar vehicle and 
  one or more launcher vehicles, while the SA-6b does not require a separate radar vehicle. Reloads are 
  carried by modified Zil-131 trucks. It is also a large missile for a tactical deployment, though not as large as 
  the SA-4. The standard SA-6 vehicle requires a radar vehicle, as it does not carry tracking equipment of its 
  own. This system is used by a variety of countries, including Russia, Algeria, Bulgaria, Cuba, 
  Czechoslovakia, Egypt, Hungary, India, Iraq, Libya, Poland, Romania, Syria, Tanzania, Vietnam, Yemen, 
  and Yugoslavia. The SA-6b version is primarily used by members of the Warsaw Pact and Syria.
  Vehicle
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  SA-6a
  $129,983
  D, A
  400 
  kg
  14 
  tons
  3
  10
  Active/
  Passive IR
  Enclosed
  SA-6b
  $149,987
  D, A
  400 
  kg
  14.25 
  tons
  4
  11
  Radar, 
  Passive IR
  Enclosed
  
  Straight 
  Flush 
  Radar 
  Vehicle
  $96,106
  D, A
  400 
  kg
  13.95 
  tons
  3
  10
  Radar, 
  Active/
  Passive IR
  Enclosed
  Vehicle
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  SA-6a
  137/96
  32/22
  250
  70
  Trtd
  T4
  TF1 TS1 TR1 HF3 
  HS2 HR2
  SA-6b
  135/95
  32/22
  250
  70
  Trtd
  T4
  TF1 TS1 TR1 HF3 
  HS2 HR2
  Straight Flush 
  Radar Vehicle
  132/92
  31/22
  250
  70
  CiH
  T4
  TF1 TS1 TR1 HF3 
  HS2 HR2
  Vehicle
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  SA-6a/b
  +3
  None
  Triple SA-6 
  Launcher
  3xSA-6 SAMs
  Straight Flush Radar 
  Vehicle
  None
  None
  PKT (C)
  1000x7.62mm
  SA-13 ADA
  Notes: The SA-13 ADA is a tracked, armored, surface-to-air missile system. It carries the SA-13 SAM on an 
  MTLB chassis. The missiles are carried on the top of the vehicle in erectable launcher rails. Some versions 
  have a radar link to an air defense radar. The layout is the same as the MTLB except for the hatches on the 
  rear deck. This vehicle is used by Russia, Afghanistan, Algeria, Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, 
  India, Iraq, Jordan, Libya, Poland, and Syria.
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $176,817
  D, A
  2 tons
  12.08 tons
  4
  8
  Radar, Active IR
  Enclosed
  
  Tr Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  146/102
  34/34/4
  450
  83
  Trtd
  T3
  TF2 TS2 TR2 HF4 HS2 HR2
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  None
  None
  Quadruple SA-13 launcher, PKT (C)
  8xSA-13 SAMs, 750x7.62mm
  SA-15
  Notes: This is a newer Russian-made air defense vehicle used by Russia and in small numbers by China 
  (perhaps 15 in all by that country). The vehicle has the missiles and radar contained within it for a self-
  contained system. The radar can track 48 targets at once and can guide missiles to two targets 
  simultaneously, with tracking range out to 25 km. The SA-15 (known as the ZRK Tor to the Russians) is 
  normally accompanied by one or more resupply vehicles on the same chassis carrying 16 missiles each and 
  a crane for reloading. The chassis is the same as the ZSO-30-4.
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $246,224
  D, A
  600 
  kg
  34 
  tons
  3
  15
  Radar, Image 
  Intensification
  Shielded
  Tr Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  151/106
  35/25
  880
  271
  Trtd
  T4
  TF2 TS2 TR2 HF3 HS2 HR2
  Fire Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +3
  None
  8xSA-15 SAM 
  Launchers
  8xSA-15 SAMs
  ZSU-23-4
  Notes: The Shilka, as it is known to the Russians, is one of the most common self-propelled antiaircraft gun 
  systems in the world, being used by over 25 countries in its 35-year history. The chassis is shared by the 
  BTR-50, PT-76, and SA-6 systems. Despite it’s replacement in many countries by the later 2S6M, the Shilka 
  
  was still preferred by many crews due to the massive volume of firepower it could produce, against air as 
  well as ground targets. The turret is known for its fast traverse rate and it was one of the first self-propelled 
  antiaircraft guns to have radar direction for its weapons. It is also equipped with a land navigation system 
  that greatly helps finding remote places. NATO soldiers often refer to this weapon as the "Zoo-23."
  Starting in 1995, at first as an experiment, but later as a standard modification, ZSU-23-4 "Shilka" self-
  propelled antiaircraft guns were modified by adding a 3-round launcher for SA-16 surface-to-air missiles 
  above the turret. The missiles are aimed and launched from within the turret. No reloads are carried within 
  the vehicle, though often crates were carried on the rear deck or slung from the sides of the vehicle in the 
  field. 
  Vehicle
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  ZSU-23-
  4
  $154,659
  D, A
  800 
  kg
  20.5 
  tons
  4
  9
  Radar, 
  Active IR
  Enclosed
  ZSU-23-
  4 
  Without 
  Radar
  $125,989
  D, A
  800 
  kg
  20.87 
  tons
  4
  8
  Passive IR, 
  Image 
  Intensification
  Enclosed
  ZSU-23-
  4 
  Upgrade
  $191,251
  D, A
  800 
  kg
  20.53 
  tons
  4
  10
  Radar, 
  Passive IR, 
  Image 
  Intensification
  Shielded
  Vehicle
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  ZSU-23-4
  111/78
  26/18
  250
  74
  Trtd
  T3
  TF4 TS4 TR4 HF5 
  HS3 HR3
  ZSU-23-4 
  Without Radar
  117/82
  27/19
  250
  82
  Trtd
  T3
  TF4 TS4 TR4 HF5 
  HS3 HR3
  ZSU-23-4 
  Upgrade
  116/82
  27/19
  250
  80
  Trtd
  T3
  TF4 TS4 TR4 HF5 
  HS3 HR3
  Vehicle
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  ZSU-23-4
  +2
  Fair
  4x23mm Autocannons
  2000x23mm
  
  ZSU-23-4 
  Without Radar
  +2
  Fair
  4x23mm Autocannons
  4000x23mm
  ZSU-23-2 
  Upgrade
  +3
  Fair
  4x23mm Autocannons, 
  3xSA-16 Launchers
  2000x23mm, 3xSA-
  16 SAMs
  ZSU-57-2
  Notes: This is an older anti-aircraft system consisting of twin 57mm S-60 autocannons mounted on a 
  lightened T-55 chassis, distinguished by its four roadwheels instead of five. The turret is open-topped and 
  enlarged to accommodate the gun system. There is a driver’s hatch on the left front deck, and he is the only 
  member of the crew to have complete armor protection.
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $196,826
  D, A
  500 
  kg
  28 
  tons
  6
  11
  Active IR (Driver 
  only)
  Enclosed
  Tr Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  146/102
  34/24
  812
  +280
  154
  Trtd
  T4
  TF10 TS10 TR8 HF12 HS8 
  HR6
  Fire Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  None
  None
  Twin 57mm S-60 Autocannons
  316x57mm
  
  M-114 SPAA
  Notes: This odd vehicle has an interesting history. In 1978, El Salvador took delivery of 27 used 
  Woodmaster tractors – essentially M-114s stripped of their armor and rebuilt as agricultural tractors. 
  Mastranza in El Salvador immediately got to work on them, re-plating them and otherwise trying to get 
  into working order. They produced three variants: an APC (which US officials at first mistook for an M-
  113, as the El Salvadoran APC looks quite similar at first glance), a sort of gun carrier with a turret armed 
  with several machineguns pointing in several directions, and the AAA vehicle. It is believed that no more 
  than four of these vehicles have been built.
  The biggest problem that Mastranza had was the engines. The Woodmaster does not have the same 
  engine as the M-114 – it used a different engine, a Chevy V-8 gasoline engine that produces 160 
  horsepower. The gasoline engines were limited in range, unreliable, prone to breakdowns, and tended to 
  overheat when used in their new role in armored vehicles. Within a year, Mastranza replaced those 
  engines with LDT-465IC V-6 diesels adapted from M-35 2.5-ton trucks. Though the range was improved, 
  speed was decreased, and the engines still regularly overheated. This means that the M-114 SPAA (I 
  don’t really know what else to call it) is primarily a reaction or static support weapon rather than being 
  able to keep up with most vehicle convoys to support them in a dynamic roles.
  The M-114 SPAA has faces built up with thin armor plate; they are sloped on both the front and sides. 
  There are seats for the driver and commander at the front; these have slits with windows at the front and 
  hatches above them. At the rear is what looks like a ridiculously-large turret, housing a Yugoslavian-built 
  M-55A2 triple-20mm autocannon system (which uses three M-52 autocannons); this system uses 
  manual traverse and elevation. The turret has no back at all.
  Vehicle
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  Gas 
  Engine
  $119,558
  G, A
  300 
  kg
  10.4 
  tons
  3
  9
  Headlights
  Enclosed
  Diesel 
  Engine
  $119,558
  D, A
  300 
  kg
  10.89 
  tons
  3
  8
  Headlights
  Enclosed
  Vehicle
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  Gas 
  Engine
  91/64
  20/16
  303
  54
  Trtd
  T3
  TF3 TS2 TR0 HF5 HS3 
  HR2
  Diesel 
  Engine
  79/55
  17/14
  303
  31
  Trtd
  T3
  TF3 TS2 TR0 HF5 HS3 
  HR2
  
  Vehicle
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  (Both)
  None
  None
  3x20mm M-55 Autocannon 
  Set
  300x20mm
  
  K-30 Biho
  Notes: The Biho (Flying Tiger) is a South Korean antiaircraft gun that shares a chassis with the 
  Daewoo FAASV (see South Korean Self-Propelled Artillery). The Biho is used to take out aircraft that 
  have penetrated the missile umbrella of more long-range defenses and to provide cover for 
  mechanized forces. It is much more heavily armored than the Daewoo FAASV, and has a high hit 
  probability against even fast-moving aircraft. The twin 30mm guns are radar controlled, and the radar 
  has a tracking range of 7 km. 
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  $232,910
  D, A
  500 kg
  25 tons
  4
  12
  FLIR, Radar
  Shielded
  Tr Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  144/101
  34/24
  500
  169
  Trtd
  T3
  TF6 TS5 TR5 HF8 HS4 HR4
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +4
  Good
  2x30mm KCB Autocannons, M-2HB (C)
  600x30mm, 500x.50
  K-263A1
  Notes: This is a KIFV fitted with a PIVAD antiaircraft gun and associated equipment. The K-263 does 
  not carry passengers; instead, the passenger compartment is taken up with the gun turret and 
  ammunition stowage. The vehicle is equipped with radar and night vision gear. 
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $108,276
  D, A
  300 
  kg
  13.2 
  tons
  4
  8
  Radar, Passive 
  IR
  Shielded
  
  Tr Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  155/108
  36/25/4
  400
  98
  Trtd
  T3
  TF2 TS2 TR2 HF8Sp HS5Sp 
  HR4
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +3
  Fair
  20mm Vulcan Autocannon, M-60E2 
  (C)
  1800x20mm, 
  750x7.62mm
  
  LvRbBv-701
  Notes: Sister vehicle to the PvRbBv-551 tank destroyer, the LvRbBv-701 mounts a RBS-70 surface-to-
  air missile launcher. The launcher is retracted under armor during traveling, and raised for firing. For 
  details on development, see the PvRbBv-551 under Swedish Self-Propelled Guns. 
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $154,576
  G, A
  1 ton
  9.7 
  tons
  4
  6
  Passive IR, Thermal 
  Imaging, Image 
  Intensification
  Enclosed
  Tr Mov
  Com Mov
  Fuel Cap
  Fuel Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  99/69
  23/16
  240
  76
  Stnd
  T2
  HF3 HS2 HR2
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  None
  None
  RBS-70 SAM Launcher, 
  MAG (C)
  12xRBS-70 Missiles, 
  1500x7.62mm
  TriAD
  Notes: This is the antiaircraft gun version of the Swedish CV-90 family. It uses the same hull and 
  autocannon, but the autocannon on the TriAD is capable of being elevated to +50 degrees and is radar-
  controlled. This version of the CV-9040 does not have the overhead hatches in the passenger 
  compartment. The TriAD also is fitted with an IFF receiver so it does not shoot down friendly targets. 
  The radar is capable of actively tracking six targets simultaneously. 
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $391,560
  D, A
  1 ton
  26 
  tons
  5
  11
  Radar, Passive IR, 
  Thermal Imaging
  Shielded
  
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  109/76
  25/18
  525
  140
  Trtd
  T4
  TF14 TS8 TR6 HF18 HS7 HR4
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +3
  Good
  40mm L/70 Autocannon, MAG
  234x40mm, 3000x7.62mm
  
  Atilgan
  Notes: This Turkish air defense vehicle is an M-113A2 armored personnel carrier with the fuel tanks 
  moved to the rear and the deck and passenger compartment fitted with a Turkish variation of the 
  Pedestal-Mounted Stinger System (PMSS). The vehicle was exported to other Middle Eastern 
  countries and also used by the Turkish armed forces for mobile SHORAD. Instead of a crewmember 
  sitting inside the turret, the crew is under armor protection inside the hull, with a downlink to the firing 
  system from the PMSS.
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  $224,607
  D, A
  500 
  kg
  12.25 
  tons
  3
  7
  Passive IR
  Shielded
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  115/81
  27/19/3
  360
  98
  Trtd
  T2
  TF2 TS2 TR2 HF6 HS4 HR4
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +3
  Basic
  8xStinger launchers, M-2HB
  16xStinger missiles, 1000x.50
  
  M-6 Bradley-Linebacker
  Notes: The Linebacker is a standard M-2A2 Bradley with a modified turret and ammunition bins, 
  designed for SHORAD (SHORt-Range Air Defense) duties. The turret’s TOW ATGM launcher is 
  replaced with a four-tube Stinger launcher, and internal ammunition bins have been modified to store 
  the longer and thinner Stinger missiles. The Stinger launcher uses one of the launcher boxes of an 
  HMMWV-Avenger SAM system. 
  Twilight 2000 Notes: By 1998, 60 units of this vehicle had been completed and delivered.
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $375,002
  D, A
  1 ton
  29.94 
  tons
  4
  13
  Passive IR, 
  Thermal Imaging
  Shielded
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  138/97
  32/23/3
  662
  190
  Trtd
  T4
  TF11Sp TS11Sp TR6 HF13 
  HS8Sp HR6
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +2
  Good
  4xStinger Launchers, 25mm 
  ChainGun, MAG
  10xStinger SAMs, 900x25mm, 
  2200x7.62mm
  M-42 Duster
  Notes: This was one of the first antiaircraft vehicles produced by the US after World War 2, in the early 
  1950s. It had been long out of service by US active duty forces by the time of the Twilight War, but 
  could still be found in small numbers in the National Guard. The primary users of the M-42 were 
  foreign countries; in small numbers by Saudi Arabia, Japan, and Turkey, and large numbers in Austria, 
  Greece, Guatemala, Jordan, Lebanon, Thailand, Tunisia, Venezuela, and Vietnam, and especially 
  Taiwan, who used large amounts of them in both antiaircraft and ground support roles. The vehicle is 
  based on the chassis of the M-41 light tank. Note that the turret does not have any overhead 
  protection, only a gun shield, and the gun crew is not protected by armor in an overhead attack.
  
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  $78,310
  G, A
  590 
  kg
  22.45 
  tons
  6
  9
  Headlights
  Enclosed
  Tr Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  167/117
  39/27
  530
  370
  Trtd
  T3
  TF3 TS2 TR1 HF6 HS4 HR4
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +1
  Basic
  2x40mm Bofors L/60, M-1919A4 
  (C)
  480x40mm, 1750x.30-06
  M-48 Chaparral
  Notes: This vehicle is a modified M-548 chassis with the rear area taken up by a quadruple mount for 
  Chaparral surface-to-air missiles. The Chaparral is basically a Sidewinder air-to-air missile with a 
  minimum of modifications to suit it for the SAM role. This system has been in use by US Army forces 
  for almost 40 years, using ever-more capable missiles and better target acquisition and fire control 
  equipment. The rear area and cab can be covered by bows and tarpaulin covers, making it virtually 
  indistinguishable from normal M-548 load carriers (a lower priority target); the bows and tarpaulins can 
  be removed in 5 minutes. In addition to the US, the Chaparral is used by Egypt, Israel, Morocco, 
  Taiwan, and Tunisia. 
  Vehicle
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night 
  Vision
  Radiological
  M-48
  $359,669
  G, A
  500 
  kg
  11.5 
  tons
  5
  7
  FLIR
  Open
  M-48A1
  $489,709
  D, A
  500 
  kg
  13.02 
  tons
  5
  8
  FLIR
  Open
  M-48A2
  $369,709
  D, A
  500 
  kg
  12.89 
  tons
  5
  8
  FLIR
  Open
  
  M-48A3
  $319,709
  D, A
  500 
  kg
  12.84 
  tons
  5
  8
  FLIR
  Open
  Vehicle
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  M-48
  142/99
  33/23/3
  401
  148
  Trtd
  T2
  TF1 TS1 TR1 HF1 
  HS1 HR1
  M-48A1
  129/90
  30/21/3
  401
  75
  Trtd
  T2
  TF1 TS1 TR1 HF1 
  HS1 HR1
  M-48A2
  132/92
  31/22/3
  401
  76
  Trtd
  T2
  TF1 TS1 TR1 HF1 
  HS1 HR1
  M-48A3
  133/93
  31/22/3
  401
  77
  Trtd
  T2
  TF1 TS1 TR1 HF1 
  HS1 HR1
  Vehicle
  Fire 
  Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  M-48
  +2
  Basic
  4xChaparral Launchers
  4xChaparral SAMs
  M-48A1/
  A2
  +2
  Basic
  4xChaparral Launchers
  12xChaparral SAMs
  M-48A3
  +3
  Basic
  4xChaparral Launchers
  12xChaparral SAMs
  M-163A1 PIVAD
  Notes: This is an M-113A2 chassis topped by a turret armed with a 20mm Vulcan gatling gun, coupled 
  to ranging radar and, in some later versions, a FLIR viewer. In many countries, the M-163A1 is used as 
  a ground support weapon, being able to saturate an area with large amounts of cannon fire. The hull is 
  similar to the standard M-113, but the commander’s station is removed and the large rear deck hatch is 
  replaced with a much smaller one. Besides the US (in decreasing numbers), the M-163A1 is used by 
  Israel, Jordan, Morocco, Portugal, Sudan, Thailand, and Yemen.
  Twilight 2000 Notes: This was one of the standard air defense weapons of the US Army at the start of 
  the Twilight War, though it was being rapidly phased out in favor of systems like the Linebacker and 
  Blazer.
  
  Price
  Fuel 
  Type
  Load
  Veh 
  Wt
  Crew
  Mnt
  Night Vision
  Radiological
  $103,780
  D, A
  400 
  kg
  12.31 
  tons
  4
  7
  Ranging Radar, 
  FLIR, Passive IR
  Shielded
  Tr 
  Mov
  Com 
  Mov
  Fuel 
  Cap
  Fuel 
  Cons
  Config
  Susp
  Armor
  115/80
  26/19/3
  360
  98
  Trtd
  T2
  TF3 TS2 TR2 HF6 HS4 HR4
  Fire Control
  Stabilization
  Armament
  Ammunition
  +2
  Basic
  20mm Vulcan
  2280x20mm
  
SOURCE: textdata/thevault/Twilight 2000/3rd party/pmulcahy.com Archives/Vehicles/Twilight 2000 - Tracked Self-Propelled Antiaircraft.pdf