TEXT: _.20RDER OF BATTLE 
  1 J 
  GETTYSBURG
  JULY 3 1863 
  Ii A 
  18l. 
  .~ 
  - -
  -
  -. 
  A 
  --
  -
  ;i;:. 
  •• V a)" 
  ~ ~, 
  \ 
  i8! 
  A 
  A 
  i 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  ---. ---. 
  t8! 
  I8l 
  !t8!-----~ 
  ... 
  t8! I 
  :1.\ 
  _.-
  t8! I 
  ~ f{ 
  , 
  -
  ~ 
  -
  A 
  t8!/ 
  i 
  '(j 
  ~ 
  t8! 
  i (( 
  t8! 
  i 
  "~~ \ 
  181 
  • -
  . I 
  t8! 
  \ 
  t8! 
  -
  \ 
  i 
  ~
  i 
  1 
  • 
  i 
  • I 
  <I 
  t8! 
  i 
  i 
  A 
  i 
  UNION:THE ARMY 
  OFTHEPOTOMAC 
  
  ---
  .tIfIICI~.""'" 
  -.~~ 
  - .......... -~,.., 
  ........ ......., 
  ;" " ....... -
  .. -...---.-
  ........... _-
  ... , ............. -
  ........ -.-...., II ...... 
  ... -.'t .... 17 I ...... 
  .. _---_ .. ...... 
  ~ 
  ... _!l ... ',_. 
  ".Ii', ."' ____ 
  .. ......, ............ ....., 
  ..... - ...... -...... 
  ·~ 
  .. _4 
  • 
  ....... _--
  ---
  -.-
  
  SERIES EDITOR: JOHN MOORE 
  GETTYSBURG 
  JULY 3 1863 
  UNION: THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC 
  JAMES ARNOLD and ROBERTA WIENER 
  
  ,otI.......-.. lit ......... • 2IXIOllrOo(lrf<r ~ 
  UMe-t O\oIIOIW., 
  ......,. Odorf O.'Q ., Ur*I ~ 
  l"""~'" 
  .lIJ(Jg~l""''''' 
  (.w.... ~"9"b 
  ~--.llOTMIMI 
  ,q ngIIU"""" AoIft"'" "'Y '"'" --. lor .. ....- 0I1If¥O\t w.ootr ....-
  ___ 
  "..-_",~ ...,.....,,_oId I. 
  00 00'1 01 .... ...--,.." 00 ropnoduCOl .1e .... 11 ... __ S'fSIt"'- • 1rOr>S<O> ..... 
  .. .., ...... bJ...,. ....... oIIodtOtIIc. ......... t/'ItI!II<>I.........-OIIIaI 
  p/ICIIOCOIIpIIJ _W4" o~ 
  "' ....... !IIt ...... WI1ttOf\ _!lOll of". 
  CIDI>1'JIO'!I_ (nqufllSl/IOI,oMI 00 -.....:IIOIIIII '~ 
  lSlH I IS5J2 I" S 
  ~_ 
  l_ 
  ~ 
  Jo/NoII 
  _s-r..E ..... .-_ 
  -~--
  000rg0I. R>.oItr L.o'MO<I, .. ~ 
  ~ 
  1.1 .... ,"" ~ 
  ~a..-...... rord.-.d~" ""- o<o .... ~ 
  0nft\0Ir0n .., V_ ... lld IsltworUI iJrolM ~ 
  _ .. 0..,......,...._"'. llO 
  ,,,,..c., ................. _ ... 0... .. "' •. n_ 
  .oG ."' ..... I'UAlC """'110 
  lh1 "''''''Ung "" "'lIt' O"ll'OJ o.lICI. , 0 50. 1..0 WOIongbOtougl'l Nor\I1..,1$ 
  N~ I.lA Uro\oa KinQOOm £/NoOI ~0'f00I'CI ~ I'" 
  ThtMWbf>g ... ..,. OwIrOJOrroa USA. PO Ie. llO ~ 
  '*""' 
  IoIf oI6Jl HI130 U$o\ lJNo- 1I\!oOOSc>r~'" 
  Key to Mllitlry Se ries symbols 
  - - -- ..... - -
  • 
  ~ .... ~­-
  - - ---
  Series style 
  "'IIt1y1oo""~aoapIood ..... Or"""oI ___ .~'" 
  \lfOOIOII QrJrdoJy !lie .... ........, _ 
  /of " 
  _ 
  0nS.f 01 SlIlla l}noj o..g."",. - ......... _., ... 0<1:1'" 
  """ .. _ 
  ~anCI~"""'~ __ 
  ",_.,~ T_f ...... ,... 
  _"'_~"" 
  .... -'*"fouI~_ ~ 
  UMOMlP ...... -~ 
  _ 
  ....... """" __ 
  ..-O~ .. 
  ~ 
  ... III ~~ 
  IMIa4lI Iot...ta<llty _ 
  """"" _...., ... ~ _ 
  • .,. 
  \!'Ie e>oe<:II' "" arWery 
  ... _M_-_~ .. _.,""'re~ ""''''''''''''o!_. 
  ........ UrvtI """"'" _ 
  .......... <IODIOytr:f "" oa~ ... 1>." "'" 
  ""9I'VI"' ...... '""'" Oott..a...-. depod -... '" ~ 
  __._" __ 
  '" tII..- .......... acIo<In ~ 
  oy ",. ""'" 
  Order of Battle time ti ne s 
  B-oT!le f)Jge _ 
  - e8Gl'l VOlume COI'CerNo .... DtOeI 0' 811tH1 ' ............ p< 
  ... _ 
  Ra,...,;n l1'li for_ ,."_10 ~ __ , 
  CO"''''.,,~ 010 K1<>" 
  .. ~""'OASAT Tol>ell>",.,.-.-IoIIowINl..,q....-..:.eof_b. .-,... ..... 
  ,.~MII'II_of __ 
  :>age. ~ 
  __ 
  ~_lI'I'<:>«A"II 
  -
  T .... lOP lone I),,, oe~ ",. K\uM 111M of m. """"'" ~ 
  'ltW>tJt'<I ." ",.' 
  ~""-
  n.. __ 
  ~II'II_.....-"oI"_ o"_n _0."" 
  aclrOtIS ~ 
  ....... __ 
  r-
  0800 hrs 
  0900 
  1000 
  1100 
  1200 
  II 
  pp45-47 I 48-49 & 52-55 I 50-51 I 
  Editor's note 
  _ ..... _""""'"" .............. _u ...... _"-
  ., .... _ 
  T ..... ____ 
  .....-..-atIO - ~ -
  """''*' ___ Ind """"'9.~- G_ I ' _ 
  O-I,~ I' 
  0.,,,.., 
  Or<ler or BlI!le &lid ~ 
  .~..-.gt/I Clal. WIll UNCI ___ ""'" 
  R~ 
  SIIerIgIhS _ L_ 1/ ~ 
  \HrgIIIt-. !II J 
  ~"""'"'" 
  IiouM 1119-1) try.loM W a...w,. _ 
  01...., G M_ 
  
  CONTENTS 
  THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC -
  PLANNING 
  4 
  I CORPS 
  8 
  1 st Division 
  10 
  2nd Division 
  12 
  3rd Division 
  13 
  I Corps Artillery Brigade 
  16 
  I CORPS' BATTLES - Stannard 's Brigade - The Vermont Brigade opposes Pickett 
  17 
  II CORPS 
  20 
  1 st Division 
  22 
  2nd Division 
  24 
  3rd Division 
  29 
  II Corps Artillery Brigade 
  34 
  II CORPS' BATTLES - Gibbon's and Hays' Divisions - Holding Cemetery Ridge 
  35 
  III CORPS 
  42 
  1 st Division 
  44 
  2nd Division 
  45 
  III Corps Artillery Brigade 
  47 
  V CORPS 
  48 
  1 st Division 
  50 
  2nd Division 
  51 
  3rd Division 
  52 
  V Corps Artillery Brigade 
  54 
  VI CORPS 
  55 
  1 st Division 
  57 
  2nd Division 
  58 
  3rd Division 
  59 
  VI Corps Artillery Brigade 
  60 
  XI CORPS 
  61 
  1 st Division 
  62 
  2nd Division 
  63 
  3rd Division 
  64 
  XI Corps Artillery Brigade 
  65 
  XII CORPS 
  66 
  1 st Division 
  67 
  2nd Division 
  71 
  XII Corps Artillery Brigade 
  74 
  XII CORPS' BATTLES - Geary's and Ruger's Divisions - Johnson Repulsed 
  75 
  THE ARTILLERY RESERVE 
  77 
  THE CAVALRY CORPS 
  79 
  1st Division 
  81 
  2nd Division 
  83 
  3rd Division 
  86 
  CAVALRY CORPS' BATTLES -
  Farnsworth's Brigade - 'Kill Cavalry' Attacks the Confederate Right 
  90 
  Custer's and Mcintosh's Brigades - Action at Rummel's Farm 
  91 
  WARGAMING GETTYSBURG & SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY 
  96 
  
  ,~ THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC 
  c: c: .. 
  li: 
  Gettysburg - July 3, 1863 
  I 
  \J .. 
  E 
  o 
  '0 
  CL ., ;; -
  o 
  4 
  Planning 
  A
  t the close of fighting on July 2, Major-General 
  George Meade sent a dispatch to General-in-
  Chief Henry Halleck: 'The enemy attacked me 
  about 4 p.m. this day, and, after one of the severest 
  contests of the war, was repulsed at all points. We 
  have suffered considerably in killed and wounded ... I 
  shall remain in my present position tomorrow, but 
  am not prepared to say, until better advised of the 
  condition of the army, whether my operations will be of 
  an offensive or defensive character.' To ascertain 
  his army's condition, Meade summoned his corps 
  commanders to a council of war. 
  Napoleon always had scorned such councils, 
  saying they typically led to inaction and always 
  produced a cautious consensus. But Meade had held 
  army command since only June 28. At no time had he 
  been able to meet with all of his senior officers. 
  Although he had personally already resolved to remain 
  on the field, he wanted to learn the attitudes of his 
  corps commanders. To this end, he posed three 
  questions: 1. 'Under existing circumstances is it 
  advisable for this army to remain In its present 
  position, or to retire to another nearer its base of 
  supplies? 2. It being determined to remain in present 
  position, shall the army attack or wait the attack of the 
  enemy? 3. If we wait attack, how long?' 
  None of his senior officers wanted to retreat. 
  General Gibbon recommended correcting the army's 
  position, saying the army was in no shape to attack, 
  and advised against any movement unless Lee moved 
  first. General Williams - present because XII Corps 
  commander, General Slocum, still conceived of 
  ARMY HEADQUARTERS 
  50 Staff and Field Officers 
  ORDERLIES/ESCORT 
  1 Co. Oneida New Yorl! Cavalry 
  Captain Danie/ P. Mann 
  42 troops presenl for duty equipped 
  After the Battle of Gettysburg, Major-General George 
  Meade (centre, with two of his staff) received criticism 
  from Lincoln, and many others, for failing to defeat 
  deCisively Lee's battered army. (USAMHI, Carlisle) 
  himself as a wing commander and thus W,lhams as 
  commander of XII Corps - replied simply, 'Stay Walt 
  Attack. One day ' Both Generals Birney and Sykes 
  concurred with Williams. Newton agreed With Gibbon 
  that the army's position be corrected, to aVOid attack 
  for sure, but worried that, If the army remained 
  passive, then Lee would operate against Its hne of 
  communications. Howard recommended waiting until 
  1600 hrs for an attack and then, If Lee had not struck 
  
  I 
  HCO,r 
  4 SUI 
  ''' ..... 
  xx 
  THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC - GETIYSBURG - July 3 
  xxx x 
  IXI <~~~ & F<eldOff,cws 
  ~16 440 troops 
  I 
  I 
  I 
  I 
  G
  45S13Jf 
  & sognailim 
  ~00eId3N,(~'2Coys ~'4Coy$ 
  42 troops 
  5<19 LfOOJl$ 
  600 
  xxx 
  <J ~:= 
  & f>eld offICers 
  e 1 130 troopl 
  XI ~g 
  & foeld orran; 
  e 5,393 troops 
  I 
  I 
  ! 
  I 
  ~ '"' 
  ~aNV 
  ~'7Pi 
  ,,-
  40 IrOOpi I 
  JI> In.'>Qps 
  (;iI"~ 
  x 
  xx 
  xx 
  x 
  "'-
  ~ ~ 8 
  xx 
  xx 
  xx 
  """"" 
  DoubJeday 
  Wa<nwnght 
  ~ ~ ~ 
  '"" 
  ~-
  "'"' 
  xx 
  xxx 
  x 
  <1"-
  IX! ~~ 
  Ileld olriUl" 8 
  Osban 
  6 stair & f>eld oIIiUlfS 
  e 9.().40 t,oops 
  e 13,524ifoops 
  I 
  I 
  I 
  (;iI 'NY 
  ~'NJ 
  ~'", 
  "-
  "-
  "_ 
  xx 
  xx 
  xx 
  x 
  xx 
  xx 
  xx 
  x 
  ~~ 
  8 
  ~~~ 8 
  """" 
  "" 
  ..... 
  """ 
  .... 
  Wheaton 
  ,~ 
  xx 
  xxx 
  <I"m" 
  IXl w,,,,,m. 
  9 illl & fleld office,.. 
  8 .llIff & held otnee'8 
  e6,820 t~ 
  e 9,252 troops 
  I 
  x!x 
  I 
  I 
  ~6NV IXI,"'" 
  (;ii'" 
  ~ ""' 
  5"_ 
  T staff & r",1d officers 
  ,,-
  '''-
  C 8,613 t,oops 
  XX 
  XX 
  I 
  I 
  XX 
  XX 
  ~ 
  ~"NY (;iI "" ~ ~ 
  1091100pi 
  1111rOOps 
  ......." 
  R"", -
  "'" 
  .----
  -
  ~ 
  Ple"sonlon ryle, 
  '" 
  o ·c 
  o • 
  0: 
  I 
  o • § 
  o .. • " 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E " • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  5 
  
  ~ 
  .< 
  c c • 
  ~ , 
  u • 
  E 
  o 
  -0 .. • " 
  <; 
  ~ 
  ~ • 
  ~ 
  
  For July 3, General Meade maintained hi s po sitions on 
  Little Round Top and Cemetery Hill and reinforced 
  Culp's Hill and Cemetery Ridge with ample reserves. 
  to attack the Confederates. Hancock wanted to 
  Improve the army's position and not attack unless Lee 
  cut the army's line of communications. He ambiguous-
  ly added that the army could not wait too long. It could 
  not be idle. Sedgwick wanted to wait attack at least 
  one day. Slocum bluntly said, 'Stay and fight it out.' 
  Clearly the collective wisdom of the army's senior 
  command much preferred remaining on the defensive. 
  However, they had enough experience with Lee's 
  flan king manoeuvres to fear for their line of 
  communications. Many also feared what Lee could do 
  since they were ceding him the initiative. Each 
  commander also provided his best estimate of their 
  remaining number of effective soldiers. The total was 
  58,000. As the meeting was winding down, Slocum 
  learned that the rebels had captured the abandoned 
  Union works on lower Culp's Hill. His response was to 
  order the enemy driven out at dawn. 
  During final discussions, the sardonic engineer 
  officer, Newton, commented that the army's position 
  was better now than it had been on either of the first 
  two days, because the Confederates 'have hammered 
  us into a solid position they cannot whip us out of. 
  Having resolved to hold its ground, the council ended 
  about midnight. 
  At an informal lunch the next day Meade 
  commented that he anticipated another attack against 
  his left some time that afternoon but that Hancock 
  expected an assault against the centre. When the 
  rebel artillery bombardment began, the overshoots 
  hit heavily around Meade's headquarters. Sixteen 
  headquarters' horses tied to the rail in front of the 
  Leister House were killed. Although he was reluctant 
  to move because he feared that any couriers would 
  General Meade initially made his headquarters at the 
  Leister farmhouse on the Taneytown Road, south of 
  Gettysburg. (U.S. National Archives) 
  ARMY HEADQUARTERS COMMAND 
  PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL 
  Brigadier-General Marsena R. Patnck 
  8 Staff and Field Officers 
  93rd Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Northern Sharpshooters) 
  (not present at Gettysburg) 
  Colonel John S. Crocker 
  4 Cos. - 14B troops present for duty equipped 
  8th United States Infantry Regiment 
  (not present at Gettysburg) 
  Captain Edwin W. H. Read 
  Cos. A through G and 1- 401 troops present for duty equipped 
  2nd Pennsylvania Cavalry Reg iment 
  Colonel Richard Butler Price 
  Cos. A through M - 4B9 troops present for duty equipped 
  6th Pennsylvania Cavalry Regiment 
  Captain James Starr 
  Cos. E and 1- B1 troops present for duty equipped 
  United States Regular Cavalry 
  15 troops present for duty equipped 
  Detachments from 1 sl, 2nd, 5th and 6th Cavalry Regiments. 
  ENGINEERS 
  (none present at Gettysburg) 
  Brigadier-General Henry W. Benham 
  4 Staff and Field Officers 
  15th New York State Volunteer Engineer Regiment 
  Major Walter L Cassin 
  Cos. A, Band C - 126 troops present for duty equipped 
  50th New York State Volunteer Engineer Regiment 
  Colonel William H. Pettes 
  Cos. A through K - 479 troops present for duty equipped 
  United States Engineer Battalion 
  Captain George H Mendell 
  Cos A through 0 - 337 troops present for duty equipped 
  SIGNAL CORPS 
  Captain Lemuel B. Norton 
  45 Staff and Signallers 
  have trouble finding him, Meade retired across the 
  road into a barn. Still under heavy fire, he then shifted 
  his headquarters to a signal station on Stevens' Knoll 
  between Cemetery Hill and Culp's Hill. While en route 
  he stopped first at Cemetery Hill. He galloped over to 
  Major Thomas Osborn, the commander of XI Corps 
  Artillery Brigade, and with considerable excitement 
  asked, 'Could he hold?' Osborn replied, 'Yes.' Meade 
  said that the battle's outcome depended upon holding 
  this hill. He repeated, 'Can you stay here? Are your 
  men thoroughly in hand?' Again, Osborn said yes 
  Reassured, Meade rode off to Stevens' Knoll. By the 
  Cl 
  -" 
  c c 
  '" 
  a:: 
  I 
  u 
  '" 
  E 
  o o 
  Il-
  Q) :; -
  o 
  >-E 
  .:t 
  Q) 
  .<= 
  f-
  time he returned , the great charge had been defeated 
  7 
  
  ~ THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC 
  o 
  u 
  8 
  I CORPS 
  D
  awn on July 3 found I Corps' three diVIsions 
  deployed as foIlO~~ : 1 s~ Division on ~U1P'S ~ill 
  in Ihe same pOSition 1\ had occupied while 
  helping to repel the anacks on Ihe previous evening, 
  2nd Division on Cemetery Hill ready to support XI or 
  II Corps; 3rd Division on the left centre of Cemetery 
  Ridge adjoining the left of II Corps. 
  The commander of I Corps, Major-General John 
  Newton. played an important role when he participat-
  ed in Meade's Council of War. He was a respected 
  engineer and his fellow officers listened when he 
  advocated remaining to fight another day. Early on 
  July 3, Newton deployed all Federal troops between 
  II Corps on Cemetery Ridge and V Corps on Little 
  Round Top. Initially he found a half-mile-wide gap 
  between the left of Doubleday's 3rd Division and the 
  forces of Sykes' V Corps. He reported this omission to 
  Meade, who authorised him to seek help from 
  Sedgwick. While riding to the army's left, Newton 
  observed Caldwell's II Corps diVision In reserve and 
  convinced that officer to move his men to the left of 
  Doubleday. This was exactly the sort of meddling that 
  had caused such harm to the Union left the previous 
  day. In this case. Newton's initiative did not cause any 
  difficulties. 
  Sedgwick claimed that he could spare only his New 
  Jersey Brigade commanded by Torbett. Newlon 
  I CORPS 
  Major-General John Newlon 
  14 Staff aM Field Olflcers 
  First Division 
  Bngadier-GtMral James Samuel Wadswor1h 
  Second Division 
  Brigadler·Gentral John Cleveland Ro~inson 
  Third Division 
  Major-General Abner Doubleday 
  I Corps' Anlllery 
  COlonel Charlu S Walnwnght 
  Meade had the greatest 
  confidence In 
  Major-General Joh n 
  Newton , elevating him to 
  corps command over 
  Doubleday. At lunch on 
  July 3, before the rebel 
  assau(t, Newton and 
  Gibbon traded gibes over 
  their fitness lor their 
  respective field 
  promotions. (MARS) 
  directed Torbetllnlo position on Caldwell's lert Since 
  I Corps artillery was in position on Cemetery Hili 
  Newton obtained permiSSion to call upon the Artillery 
  Reserve. 
  By noon Newton had completed hiS diSPOSitionS 
  The left-cenlre of Cemetery Ridge was held by Infantry 
  from I. II, and VI Corps. as well as artillery from the 
  Artillery Reserve. III Corps, and a VI Corps battery 
  This force assured Newton thaI his hne was 'very 
  secure'. 
  Following Ihe bailie, I Corps remained In pOSlllon on 
  July 4 10 attend to collecting and caring for the wound-
  ed. The next day it collected some 2.958 discarded 
  shoulder arms. the great majority of wh ich were 
  Enfield rifled muskets, and buried the fallen including 
  7 Confederate officers and 404 Confederate men On 
  July 6 the corps marched to Emmitsburg. 
  Summary statistiCS indicate how hard the corps had 
  fought. During the battle its soldiers had fired some 
  227,000 rounds of small-arms ammunition It captured 
  I CORPS HEADQUARTERS 
  ESCORT 
  Co. L, ht Maine Cavalry Regiment 
  Captain Constantine Taylor 
  57 troops pres~nt for duty e<1ulpped 
  
  I CORPS - GETTYSBURG - July 3 
  X 
  Wadsworth 
  11 staff & field officers 
  c 2,285 troops 
  4 staff 
  c.1.309 
  X 
  X 
  JC Robinson 
  3 slaff & field officers 
  c 1,316 troops 
  c.SOO 
  ..--~ .... 
  NEWTON 
  14 Staff & Field Officers 
  c 7,130 troops 
  I 
  ~
  1 M e 
  ~ 
  c.S7 troops 
  X 8
  walnwn9ht 
  • 
  20 pieces 
  cA87 troops 
  ~
  ROb,"son 
  ~
  ~Y~~aff 
  Cutler 
  Baxter 
  I 
  1"':71 149 Pa 
  lL:::::J c.60 troops 
  2 staff 
  4 staff 
  III 
  C 970 
  1<::.-,.'-::>1 c.909 
  X 
  X 
  X 
  ~
  III 
  rx1 ~~~~y rx1 ~~~:ff rx1 ~t:t~~ard 
  ,
  C.468 
  ,
  C.470 
  I
  c.1.944 
  ~ 
  III 
  III 
  III 
  III 
  III 
  ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 
  seven colours, losing one back again. The attached 
  artillery had fought well, losing one gun, a 3-inch rifie 
  belonging to Battery L, 1st New York. The corps as a 
  A Michigan regiment (probably the 24th Regiment 
  Michigan Volunteer Infantry). The self-sacrifice of the 
  Iron Brigade on July 1 gave the army the opportunity to 
  stand its ground on July 2 and 3, (U.S, National Archives) 
  whole lost 42 officers and 624 men killed; 261 officers 
  and 2,969 men wounded; 83 officers and 2,079 men 
  missing or captured . This total of over 6,000 casualties 
  was about half of the force with which the corps had 
  entered battle and was about 50 percent higher than 
  the total for any other Federal corps. 
  The losses were never made good. When Meade 
  conceived an army-wide consolidation after the 1863 
  campaign year ended, one of the corps earmarked for 
  elimination was I Corps. In March 1864 the corps was 
  disbanded. A combat record that had begun when it 
  was part of McDowell's old III Corps ended with the 
  corps' sacrifice at Gettysburg. 
  As for Newton, he held every expectation of 
  advancement following the battle. Meade demon-
  strated his confidence in the engineer officer when 
  Hancock was wounded at the height of Pickett's 
  Charge. Meade gave Newton control of the entire line 
  between V Corps at Little Round Top and XI Corps 
  on Cemetery Hill. Newton led I Corps during the 
  autumn campaign of 1863. When the corps was 
  disbanded he was without a command. Recalling hts 
  VI 
  C. 
  ~ 
  o 
  U 
  u 
  '" 
  E 
  o " 
  0.. 
  CIJ :; -
  o 
  '" 
  E 
  ~ 
  CIJ 
  .c 
  I-
  role in undermining Burnside, many offictals tn the War 
  9 
  
  ~ 
  o 
  U 
  u • 
  E 
  o 
  '0 .. • " 
  1; 
  f 
  ~ • 
  • 
  >-
  Department. as well as some In Ihe upper echelon 
  of the Ami'll of Ihe Potomac, viewed Newton as 
  8 troublemaker Accordingly, In April 1864. his 
  commiSSion \0 major general was revoke<! NeWlon 
  transferred west where he served for Ihe remainder 
  of Ihe war as a bngadler-general 
  1 .. .. 
  .... 18I c.. t 
  , . .. 
  """" 
  1 ... 181 -;-i 
  S '~ 
  I Corps - 1 sl Division 
  A
  fter hard fighting on July I and 2 Ihe balance 
  of the 151 OIVI$IOn did not engage for Ihe 
  remainder of the battle Wadsworth exerCIsed 
  IltUe useful leadership on July 3 HIS main contnbutlon 
  occurred when he heard the heavy sounds of combat 
  to hiS nght and Informed Meade that Geary was 
  washng ammunition! 
  Two regiments of the 2nd B(lgade were unique in 
  10 
  Ihat they had experienced combat on July 1 and 2, and 
  I Corp, deployed with two dlvl,lon• occuPyin9 the 
  51ralegiclIlly important posilions on Culp's HIli .nd 
  Cemetery HIli Doubleday' s lrd 0 lvl,;on Will deployed 
  to r,lnlorce th, lett-centr. of Ihe m.in Federal battlal,ne 
  on Cemetery Ridge. where It would flce the gful 
  charge of Ihe Confederate army 
  ,,~ .-
  ~ 
  .. • 
  would also take pan In senous fighting on July 3 The 
  147th New York and the 14th Brooklyn, the laner Clad 
  In their dlsllnctlve Chasseur·style uniform. had shared 
  the brigade's battering on July 1 The next day they 
  had helped Greene's Brigade repel attacks against 
  Culp's HIli The 147th was behind Its works at 0330 hI'S 
  on July 3 and jOined In the general fUSillade that began 
  at daybreak By 1000 hrs, soldiers had been rehe .... ed 
  In Ihe front hne four times so they could Clean bJled 
  
  WADSWORTH 
  11 staff & neld officers 
  "-r-~ c.2.2aS troops 
  X 
  ~
  ROb;nson 
  4 staff 
  c.1,309 
  III 
  ~ Reg ; ments 
  X 
  ~
  cutler 
  2 staff 
  c.970 
  III 
  ~Reglments 
  muskels after firing 200 rounds apiece. A lieutenant 
  wrote in his diary that it was 'a noisy day on the whole' 
  featuring 'beef & gunpowder for supper'. The young 
  soldiers of the 14th Brooklyn saw less combat on July 
  3. An eyewitness saw them advance into the front line: 
  'When the word of command came the lips tightened, 
  the eyes flashed , every nerve was strained, and they 
  moved forward with almost mechanical ease and 
  firmness.' The chasseurs manned a stout line of works 
  that sheltered them from most enemy fire and fired 
  off their ammunition against successive Confederate 
  attacks. Their flag , which rose above the works, was 
  riddled by musketry. 
  Wadsworth wrote of his officers' performance: 'The 
  officers of my staff and of my command performed 
  their whole duty without exception. Under these 
  circumstances I cannot particularly commend any 
  of them without doing injustice to others equally 
  meritorious.' Curiously, he did not pay tribute to the 
  enlisted men even though the division suffered heavier 
  Brigadier-General James Samuel Wadsworth (seated, 
  right) and his staff. (U.S. National Archives) 
  FIRST DIVISION 
  Brigadier-General James Samuel Wadsworth 
  (division deployed but not engaged on July 3) 
  FIRST BRIGADE (The Iron Brigade) 
  Colonel William Wallace Robinson 
  19th Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casualties: 210) 
  Colonel Samuel J. Williams 
  24th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casualties: 363) 
  Captain Albert Marsall Edwards 
  2nd Wisconsin Infantry Regiment 
  (Total casualties: 233) 
  Major John Mansfield 
  6th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment 
  (Total casualties: 168) 
  Lieutenant-Colonel Rufus R Dawes 
  7th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment 
  (Total casualties: 178) 
  Major Mark Finnicum 
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  Brigadier-General Lysander Cutler 
  7th Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casualties: 10) 
  Colonel Ira Glanton Grover 
  76th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Cortland Regiment) (Total casualties: 234) 
  Captain John Elihu Cook 
  84th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (14th Brooklyn Militia) (Total casualties: 217) 
  Colonel Edward Brush Fowler 
  95th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Warren Rines) (Total casualties: 115) 
  Major Edward Pye 
  1471h Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Oswego Regiment) (Total casualties: 296) 
  Major George Harney 
  56th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casualties: 130) 
  Colonel John William Hoffman 
  casualties, 299 killed, 1,229 wounded, and 627 missing 
  or captured, than any other in the Federal army. 
  Gettysburg shattered the great Iron Brigade. It 
  never recovered from the 1,153 losses it suffered at 
  the battle. War weary, diluted with less willing soldiers, 
  the Iron Brigade would never perform so well again. 
  Cutler's 2nd Brigade lost about 1,000 more men 
  than its sister brigade. It too could never again display 
  such valour. As for the divisional commander, after 
  Gettysburg, Wadsworth left the army and was absent 
  for eight months. Gettysburg proved to be his only 
  significant combat assignment. He returned to the 
  army to meet his death in the Wilderness on May 6, 
  " 
  o 
  'iii 
  :~ 
  Cl -'" 
  '" 
  Q. 
  ~ 
  o 
  U 
  u 
  '" 
  E 
  o o 
  Q. .. .s -
  o 
  '" E 
  ~ .. 
  J:: 
  t-
  1864, while tn command of a division of V Corps. 
  11 
  
  c o 'w ., 
  o 
  ~ 
  C 
  N 
  • 
  ~ 
  o 
  u 
  12 
  I Corps - 2nd Division 
  T
  he end of battle on July 1 found only about hatf 
  of the 2nd Division answering roll call. About 
  1,000 officers and men were prisoners. During 
  July 2 the diviSion remained in reserve behind 
  Cemetery Hill. The next day. the division was again In 
  reserve where it endured 'a terrific artillery fire' durmg 
  the rebel bombardment. At the climax of the great 
  SECOND DIVISION 
  Brigadier_General Jolin Cleyeland Robinson 
  (divis,on deployed but not engaged on July 3) 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  Colonel Peter l ylel 
  Colonel Ridl~rd Coulter 
  16th Regiment Maine Volunteer Infantry 
  (Tolal casualties. 232) 
  Colonel Charles William Tilden 
  13th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry 
  (To t~l casualties: 18S) 
  Lleuten.1nt-Colonel Nathamel Walter Batchelder 
  94th RegIment New York State Volunteers 
  (Sackers Harbor RegIment) (Total casualtIes 245) 
  Major Samuel A. Moffett 
  l04th Reg,ment New York Stale Volumeers 
  (Wadswonh Guards) (TOlal casualties 194) 
  Colooe! Gilbert G. Prey 
  11th RegIment PennsylvanIa Volunteer Infantry 
  (lOOlh VOlunteers) (Total casuailles 127) 
  Caplaln John 8 Overmyer 
  107th RegIment Pennsylvama Volunteer Infantry 
  (Tolall;<lsualtles 165) 
  CaptaIn Emanuel 0 Roath 
  SECOND BRIGAOE 
  8rigiidiBr-General Henry Bader 
  12th RegIment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total C<lsualhes 119) 
  Lieutenant-Colonel David Allen, Jr 
  83rd RegIment New York State VolUnteers 
  (9th New York MIlitia) (Tolal casualties 82) 
  llfUlenanl-Colonel Joseph Antoo Moesch 
  97th Reglmenl New York Slate Volunteers 
  (Jrd OneIda RegIment) (Total casualtIes 126) 
  Major Charles B Northrup 
  88th RegImen! PennsylvanIa Volunteer Infantry 
  (Tolal casualties. 110) 
  Captalll Henl)' WhiteSIde 
  90th RegIment PennsylvanIa VOluntwr Infanll)' 
  (19th Voluntee(1) (Total casualties 93) 
  Major Alfred J~ Sellers! 
  CoIooeI Peter L yte 
  Brigadier-General John 
  Cleveland Robinson and 
  his men did not 
  participate In combat 
  after his skilled work on 
  July 1. As 11 divisional 
  commander, he 
  personally led his 
  men to the attack at 
  Spotliylvania and 10SI 
  his leg 10 a bullet_ 
  IU.S. National Archives) 
  o 
  Confederate charge. corps commander Newton 
  ordered Robinson to brtng the dIVISIon forward to 
  occupy a position on the nght of tI Corps . By the lime 
  the diVISIon arnved. the Confederates were In retreat 
  Total losses for the diVISion were hIgh 9 officers 
  and 82 men killed; 68 officers and 548 men wounded 
  52 officers and 931 men captured or missing 
  Robinson praised his men 'No soldiers ever fought 
  better, or Inflicted severer blows upon the enemy ' 
  Robinson himself had performed well In hiS first 
  Slgmficant test as diVISIonal commander Plunged II'Ito 
  a tactically confUSing sltualton on July 1. against a foe 
  who outnumbered his diVISiOn. hiS command had 
  repelled a succession of fUriOUS charges Both hIS 
  subordinates and hiS superiors praised hIS leadershIp 
  When the army was reorgamsed In 1864. Robinson 
  w as kept In diVISional command HIS loss of a leg at 
  Spotsylvania dIsabled him for further field duly 
  ,~X~X7. 
  r 
  ROBINSON 
  3 Sial! & r,eld OIf>CefS 
  "'--,-'''' cl.316lroops 
  x 
  X 
  r'X7J ~~ralf 
  r'X7J ~~~;r 
  ~ 
  c.500 
  ~ C809 
  III 
  III 
  ~R"~,"" ~R"~,"" 
  
  I Corps - 3rd Divi sion 
  W
  hen Ihe divISion retired to Cemetery HIli and 
  Culp's Hln on July 1 II had only about 
  one-third of Its strength The diVISIOn had 
  fought hard and suffered accordlngly On July 2 the 
  dMSlon rested In reserve. behind Cemetery Hill until 
  dusk, when It marched to Hancock's assistance 
  The dIVISIOn slept In posItion on the left-centre 
  of the Federal Ime on Cemetery Ridge with the 
  16th Vermont thrown forward on plcI<et duty The 
  Vermont regiments, along with the 20th New Yor1o: and 
  151s1 Pennsylvama held the front Ime dunng the 
  Miljor·General Abner 
  Doubleday, slung by 
  Meade's decision 10 
  replace him with NeWlon 
  after his ilble 
  performilnc" at corps 
  command on July 1, left 
  the army after Gettysburg 
  never to return. 
  (U S, National Arc.tllvn) 
  3rd DIVISION HEADQUARTERS 
  PROVOST GUARD 
  Co 0 , U9tl! Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  CoIOntI W~ I !OI'I Owlq'll 
  60 ImOps ~t 
  for ow!) eoQUtpped 
  '" ~--
  THIRD DIVISION 
  "bjor·General Abner Do u b le6~y 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  Brigadier-General Thomas Algeo Rowley 
  SECOND BRIGADE (The Bucktail Brigade) 
  Colonel Edmund Lonll Dana 
  14JrG Reg.menl Penns~ 
  Volunteer In~ lItrt 
  (Tot~ aSu;Jlllt!s 2S3) 
  l!t!tJlenant-coIoneI John Dunn MI/S.S& 
  149m Re,JifT\en1 PemsyfVaJW VoIun!e-er IlIfalltrt 
  (T ot~l C<lSu;J!tles. 336) 
  CJ.pta.n James Glenn 
  l50th Reg'ment PMI'IS)iValW VoIll'lteer Irfanuy 
  (Total aSu;J;!les 264) 
  Captain Cornelius C WIOd<$ 
  THIRO BRIGAOE 
  Brig3di,,·Gen.1"iI1 George Jemson SlInnlrd 
  remainder of the battle The rest or the dMSIOfl 
  proVided two supporting hnes. 
  FIRST DIVISION 
  Major·Generai Abner Doubleday 
  ls\ Bngade - c . .J68 troops 
  2nd Bngade - c.470 troops 
  3rd Bflgade - c.l,9M troops 
  o o .. 
  :> o 
  ~ 
  .:; , 
  • 
  ~ 
  <; 
  U 
  u 
  o 
  E 
  o 
  "0 .. • " 
  13 
  
  ~ 
  I Corps - 3rd Division - 1 sl Brigade 
  ~ 
  " 
  co .. 
  ~ 
  c o .. 
  " 
  5 
  ~ 
  ~ , 
  • 
  E-o 
  u A
  fter hiS drunken performance on July 1, 
  Bngadier-General Rowley sobered up enough 
  to resume command on July 2 and 3. HIs 
  brigade remained In reserve on July 2. On July 3, the 
  Following his Inept, 
  drunktn perlormilnCe ill 
  Gettysburg, Brigadier. 
  Genenll Thomas Algeo 
  Rowley received 
  r.·asslgnment to a Maine 
  draft board within a week 
  of battle's end. 
  (MARS) 
  '" 
  rY1 80'~ '''' 
  ~ Ga\e5 
  x 
  80th New York and 151st Pennsylvania composed a 
  demi-brtgade in the front line, where II occupied a 
  position about 300 yards south of the Copse of 
  Trees dunng the bombardment. 
  The 80th New York joined the Vermont soldiers, 
  advancmg against the flank of the Confederate assault 
  column and clOSing to engage In hand-Io-hand 
  combat The 151st Pennsylvania fired volleys Into the 
  flank of Kemper's Brigade when the Confederate 
  infantry charged and then moved out of line to follow 
  the rebels who were flowing towards the Copse 
  14 
  of Trees Its soldiers helped recapture the guns 
  FIRST BRIGAOE 
  8rig~d ltr-G8n'f~1 Thalllil5 Algeo Rowley 
  80th Reg.ment New York Stale Volunteers (Ulster Guard) 
  (Total casu;ltJes 110) 
  Colonel Theodore Burr Gales 
  121s1 Regiment Pennsylvan,a Volun!Hf Inl.ntry 
  (Total casualtIes 179) 
  Colonel Chapman Boddie 
  lA2nd Reg,m,nl Pennsylvama VOluntur Inlantry 
  (Total casualtIes 211) 
  Lleutenant·Colonel Alfred Brunson McCalmont 
  151s! RegIment PennSylvanIa Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total C3sualllU 3371 
  GJpla," Willer l Owens 
  '" 
  '" 
  rY1 142 Pennsylvllnla 
  ~ McC",monl 
  rY1 151 PennaylV1ln .. 
  ~ Ow.ni 
  belonging to the 1st New York Battery B Meanwhl·e 
  the other two regiments were only lightly engaged 
  80th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Ulster Guard) 
  Cos A through K 
  lZlst Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantl)' 
  Cos A through K 
  142nd Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  Cos A through [(, 
  151 st Regiment Pennsylvania Volunt .. r Infantry 
  Cos A through [( 
  
  I Corps - 3rd Division - 3rd Brigade 
  The Vermont Brigade 
  T
  he 1,950 Vermont soldiers of the 3rd Brigade 
  arnved al Gettysburg at twilight on July 1. The 
  next day the brigade remained in reserve 
  behind Cemetery Ridge until near darkness, when it 
  was called upon 10 help repel Wright's assault Several 
  regiments deployed in line under artillery fire. Death 
  seemed to come al random. One shell, recalled an 
  officer. 'came through the ranks about four feet to my 
  nght killing two men. one or two others wounded'. The 
  Vermont men advanced but by that time the 
  Confederate Infantry were already In retreat. 
  The Executive Officer of the 16th, lIeutenant-
  Colonel Charles Cummings, was in charge of Ihe 
  picket line He stationed three companies as pickets 
  with two in support while the rest of the regiment 
  Brigadier-General George 
  Je rr i ~on Stannard and 
  his men earned his 
  superior's praise o n July 
  3, Hancock said the 
  Vermonters 'behaved 
  with spirit ,., were w ell 
  ordered and w ell and 
  vigorously handled by 
  General Stannard'. 
  (u.S. National Archives) 
  THIRD BRIGADE 
  Brigadier-General George Jerrilion Siannardl 
  Colonel Francis Voltaire Randall 
  t2th Rejjlment Vermont Votunteer~ 
  (Guarding tra l n~ - not engaged at GettySburg) 
  Colonel Asa P. Blunt 
  t3th Regiment Vermont Volunteers 
  (Total Cisuailles: t23) 
  Colonel Francis Voltaire Randalll 
  Major Joseph J Boyntonl 
  Lieutenant-Colonel William 0 Munson 
  14th Regiment Vermont Volunteers 
  (Tolal casualties. 107) 
  Colonet William Thomas Nichols 
  151h Regiment Vermont Volunteers 
  (Guarding trains - nol engaged al Gettysburg) 
  Colonel Red~eld Proctor 
  161h Reglmenl vermont Volunteers 
  (Total casualties 119) 
  Colonel Wheelock Graves Veasey 
  remained back on Cemetery Ridge. He was in the line 
  all night. The Yankees and rebels agreed to a truce so 
  both sides could hunt for their wounded Cummings 
  later reca11ed to his wife, 'Stretchers and ambulances 
  were running a11 night ... The groans of the wounded 
  were mournful and sad in the extreme. Added 10 this 
  was the confidence that In the morning the terrible 
  III 
  III 
  III 
  "' 
  C?J
  13vermool ~ 14vermonl ~ lSVem'lOnl 
  Randa! 
  Nidlols 
  Proctor 
  C 636 1r1X>Ps 
  C 647 ItOOps 
  ~
  16vermonl 
  Veasey 
  c 661lJ'OQp$ 
  • 
  ~ • 
  m 
  'C 
  "' 
  l' 
  M 
  I 
  o o '. 
  :~ 
  Q 
  l' 
  M 
  I • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  u 
  o • 
  E 
  o ;; 
  ~ • 
  ,5 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E " 
  • 
  ~ 
  ... 
  15 
  
  • l' 
  o 
  u 
  u • 
  E 
  o ;; 
  ~ • 
  ;; -
  o 
  ~ 
  12th Regiment Vermont Volunteers 
  CO'! A through I< 
  13th Regiment Vermont Volunteers 
  Cos A Uvoogh I< 
  14th Regiment Vermont Volunteers 
  COs. A I/"Irougn K. 
  15th Regiment Vermont Volunteers 
  Cos A through K. 
  16th Regiment Vermont Volunteers 
  Cos. A through K. 
  conflict would be renewed, and you can well Imagine 
  that I was thoughtful.' Cummings' foreboding proved 
  Justified. On July 3 the brigade would playa salient 
  role in the defence of the Umon centre. 
  E I Corps Artillery Brigade 
  < • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  B
  ecause the batteries of I Corps and XI Corps 
  were intermixed. to Simplify control, the Chief 
  of Artlllery for I Corps, Colonel Charles S 
  Wainwright. assumed command of all guns on 
  Cemetery HIli east of the Baltimore Pike. HIS counter-
  pari in Xl Corps commanded those west of the Pike 
  On July 3 the various battenes occupied the same 
  poslllOns as the prevIous day. Four Napoleons of 
  Banery B, 4th Artillery (two had been disabled by loss 
  of pointing rings), wefe adjacent to the Baltimore Pike 
  on Cemetery Hill, In a position to command the 
  approaches from town. To Its lett was an XI Corps 
  battery Next was Battery B, 1 st Pennsylvania light 
  Artillery, and then Battery L. 1st New York l ight 
  Artillery. This gave I Corps 13 3-inch rifles to bear to 
  the north and northwest. Three of lhe 2nd Maine's 
  guns had been dismounted. The other three occupied 
  the far lett of Ihe Cemetery Hilt gun line. 
  The SIX 12-pounder Napoleons of Battery E, 
  5th Maine light Artillery. occupied a small knoll on the 
  saddle between Cemetery Hill and Culp's Hill. From 
  thiS poSition. later known as Stevens' Knoll. It could 
  deliver an oblique fire against Seminary Ridge and 
  a close-range flanking fire against infantry who 
  assaulted Cemetery HIII's northeast face. 
  There was no senous attack against the battenes 
  on July 3 According to Walnwnght. 'The batteries fired 
  occaSional shots at bodies of the enemy'S troops in the 
  distance dunng Ihe mormng. and jOined in the general 
  artillery engagement in the afternoon The fire of 
  16 
  the enemy's ballenes was noticed to be much less 
  Congressional Mt'dals of Honor 
  Ham.: Geor~ G BenedICt 
  Rank: 2nd Lllluteoaot 
  Unit; t2th Reg,ment Vermon! Volunteers 
  Date: July 31863 
  Cilation: P~$sed through ~ murderQI,J$ rote of gn.p. and 
  Qnlster In delivefllJg orders ~nd re-formeo the crowoeo "i'IeS 
  Name: Wheelodi Grayes Ve~ sey 
  Rant: Colonel 
  Unit: 161/"1 Regiment Vermont VotunlHfS 
  Date: July 3 1863 
  Citation: R~p ldly assemble(! h,s reg,ment ~nd charge(! the 
  enemy s lIank. chargeil front under hea'")' f,re ana charged 
  and destroyed a Confederale bngade all thiS WlI/"I ntw troops 
  In tI1elr first banle 
  accurate than on the prevIous day ' He concluded 
  by saying that dunng the three days fight. ·all the 
  officers and men performed their duty to my perfect 
  satisfaction'. The artillery bflgade lost 9 killed 
  86 wounded. and 11 missing dUfing the bailIe 
  I CORPS ARTILLERY BRIGADE 
  Colonel CMrles S. Wainwright 
  httery B, 2nd Maine Aflillery 
  Captam James Abram Hall 
  (9S troops present for duly eqUipped) 
  (Total casualties 18) 
  3 x J-Ineh rofled guns 
  Battery~ , 51h Maine Light Aflillery 
  Lleuten~nt Edward N Whinier 
  (98 troops present for duty eUuIPPed) 
  [Tot~ 1 casualties 23) 
  6 x 12-pounder Napoleon guns 
  Battery L, 1st Hew yon:. Ught Aflillery 
  L,eulenant Gl!'Orge Breck 
  (e 119 troops presenl for duty eqUipped) 
  [Tolal casualties 17) 
  5 x J-onch nfle<t guns 
  Bittary B. hi Pennsylvani~ Light Artill.'Y 
  Captain James Harvey Cooper 
  (101troop5 preRnt for duly eqUiPped) 
  (Tolal casualties 12) 
  4 ~ J-mch nfled gUII$ 
  Batt~ry B, 4th United States Aflfllery 
  Lieutenant James Stewart 
  (e 87 troops pt"8setlt lor duly eqUipped) 
  [Tolal Uosual!Jes 36) 
  2 x 12-pounder Napolton guns 
  
  THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC I CORPS' BATTLES 
  Stannard's Brigade 
  The Vermont Brigade opposes Pickett - 1415--1500 hrs 
  I 
  Corps infantry, which took a prominent role in 
  defending Cemetery Ridge on July 3, came from 
  the 3rd Division. When PICKett's men advanced, 
  five compames of the 16th Vermont were deployed as 
  SKirmishers on the western Side of Plum Run. The 
  13th and 14th Vermont were concealed al the base of 
  Cemetery Ridge about 350 yards south of the Copse 
  of Trees BaCK on the ridge were the remaining five 
  compames of the t 6th Vermont. 
  The 80th New YorK connected the Vermonters with 
  the poSitions held by II Corps. The 151st Pennsylvania 
  Stannard's Vermont 
  Brigade held the 
  I 
  was in support behind the 80th New York. 
  'About two o'clock the rabs opened the most 
  terrific cannonading I have ever heard,' wrote 
  lieutenant -Colonel Charles Cummings, the Executive 
  Officer of the 16th Vermont Cummings. like many 
  others, found it almost Impossible to describe the 
  bombardment. Finally the Confederate Infantry 
  advanced. Cummings was well forward with the 
  advanced picket hne. Thus. he had a close-up view of 
  Ihe beginning of Pickett's charge 'A large column of 
  Infantry was seen to st8(1dily advance from between 
  southam and of tha 
  Union right-centre, to 
  prevent a repetition of 
  Anderson's attack the 
  day before, Five 
  companies belonging to 
  the 16th Vermont 
  deployed as skirmishers 
  between Plum Run and 
  the Rogers house, From 
  this advanced position 
  they witnessed the 
  massing of the rebel 
  artillery i!n(f their assault 
  brigades. Meanwhile, 
  some of the men back on 
  Cemetery Ridge prepared 
  breastworks by tearing 
  down a rail fence 
  o;.,p. ... 
  c8:J " '-
  0800 
  1000 
  1200 
  pm,G~fW ... _.'" 
  1300 
  1400 
  3$-4 & 9'-9S -
  1500 
  17-'9 
  ''''r8J .... 
  "'" 
  ~ 
  ~ ~ 
  .& 
  , 
  1600 
  1700 
  1800 
  90 
  = 
  .:: 
  u 
  ii: • • • 
  o 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  o • 
  ~ 
  • 
  ~ 
  ·c 
  m c 
  o E 
  • 
  > • 
  ~ 
  >-, 
  • • 
  ~ 
  m -. 
  ~ 
  o o 
  17 
  
  :: 
  WMn Kemper's Bngilde, 
  ~ pan of Pic"'" 15 DIvIsIon, 
  o 
  ii: 
  obllquad In front 01 
  • 
  ,g 
  ; 
  <D -. 
  ~ 
  o 
  u 
  o • 
  E 
  o 
  ~ • 
  £ 
  18 
  Siannard's Bngade in 
  order to usault the 
  Union cenlre. the 
  13th and 16th Yermont 
  RegIments shifted 
  position to dell"er 
  enfilade fire The 
  16th Yermont then 
  counter-marched to 
  helprtpel the advance of 
  Lang's and Wilcox's 
  Brigadas along Plum 
  Run. Such battlefield 
  manoeu"res under fire 
  wert III tramendous 
  achie"amanl, par1icularly 
  for !toops new to combat. 
  .. ~, 
  the banenas and nghlglad were we to see them They 
  came out In front protected by their shells 
  and 
  deployed handsomely In hne On they came d,rectly 
  toward my picket hne but the grape and cams!er from 
  our battenes and the shots now lired from my plcke! 
  now aC\Jng as skIrmishers warned Ihem of the hazard 
  of that route Then they turned and marched by their 
  left flank At the sound of a bugle call. the Vermont 
  skirmIshers rellred and re-formed 
  After the advance of Kemper's Bngade drove baCk 
  the sklrm.shers of the 16th Vermont. the rebels 
  approached the 14th Vermont whIch was partially 
  concea!ed In the bushes and rocks at the base of 
  Cemetery Ridge One wIng of the 14th Vermont rose 
  to ItS feel Before the VIrginians could react Stannard 
  ordered the other wing as well as the \ 3th Vermont 
  to rise and open lire The firsl volley seemed 10 knock 
  down Ihe entire rebel front rank Colonel Randall of the 
  13th Vermont reponed We continued to pour In our 
  fire as best we could. and "ery soon the charging 
  column seemed to slaCII.en and nearly hall. The 
  Conle<lerates shrank from Ihe fire and converged 
  toward the nght of the Vermont soldIers 
  In one of the day's great tactical deCISIons 
  Stannard ordere(! the Vermonters to change front 
  In order 10 flank Kemper from the south 
  The 
  0400 hrs 0500 
  0600 
  1000 
  1200 
  ~75-76 
  • 
  , 3th Vermont doub!e-qulcked abol.!l 100 yards !OMarc 
  and then Colonel Randall ordered 
  Change frO'1t 
  forward on first company The reg iment p,voted as ,f 
  on a dnll·field and then double-qUicked towards tne 
  e:>:posed Confederate flank General Douoieday Ihen 
  appeared to encourage the regimen\. and to assure 
  Randall thaI the flank anack would be a success 
  Colonel Gales who commanded a dem.·brlgade 
  compnSlng the 15151 Pennsylvania af1a 801M Ne ..... 
  York conformed to thiS mo"ement Gales reponeC! 
  As the second (Confederate] hne receIved our f.re ! 
  began to oblique 10 the left and finally 
  a flan'(eO to 
  Ihe n9hl and moved forward In one line of battle flfl~g 
  rapidly 
  PerceIVIng thaI the des.gn was 10 oreaO( 
  through our left centre 
  I moved my command o~ 
  the nghl nank 
  corresponding Wllh the enemy s 
  mo"emenlS and poUring a continuous fire Into n s 
  ranks as we advanced 
  As the 80th New York and 13th Vermont conI nueo 
  to assail the enemy nank live compan.es of Ine 
  161h Vermont moved up to e:>:lend Ihe.r .ne The 
  New Yorkers were closest to Ihe enemy As tr>e\ 
  approached the southern Side of Ihe CodOn Ofd'art: 
  fence Ihey charged InlO Ihe disordered Confede ... :e 
  mass The New Yorkers In the frool rank wadea If" 
  With clubbed muskels The men behind lhem rife<: 
  -
  t 300 
  \400 
  1500 
  1600 
  1700 
  lS-4 & 91 9S 
  1119 
  " 
  
  Following the rebel bombardment, an additional five 
  Union batteries reinforced Cemetery Ridge before the 
  Confederate Infantry charged. (U.S. National Archlv"'1 
  whenever they saw an opportunity. After perhaps five 
  minutes 
  of intense 
  close-range 
  fighting , 
  the 
  Confederates in front of the 80th New York yielded. 
  Many lay down to avoid being hit by their own artillery 
  fire. which continued to sweep the ground. Someone 
  yelled for them to put their hands up and surrender. 
  Rather than risk being shot in the back as they retired. 
  scores of men dropped their weapons. raised their 
  hands, and passed through the Union !tne 10 safety. As 
  Pickett's survivors limped back towards Seminary 
  Ridge. General Stannard saw two Confederate 
  brigades, Lang·s and Wilcox's. advancing towards the 
  position the Vermonters had recently vacated. When 
  the Confederates passed the Emmitsburg Road, 
  Stannard wheeled the 16th Vermont about and 
  marched south. Meanwhile, the 14th Vermont, which 
  had maintained its position facing west. punished the 
  advanCing Confederates with accurate musketry fire. 
  The 161h encountered Lang's Florida Brigade on 
  the marshy ground of Plum Run. Colonel Veazey 
  requested permission from Stannard to charge. 
  Perceiving that a charge would be across the front of 
  the 14th Vermon\. Stannard hesitated, then acceded. 
  The charge of the 16th Vermont routed Lang's 
  Brtgade 
  The Vermonters gleefully scooped up 
  t 0400 hrs 0500 
  0600 
  7a-71i 
  0800 
  1000 
  1200 
  handfuls of prisoners as well as the colours of the 
  2nd Florida and 81h Virginia. A shell fragment struck 
  Stannard, bul he remained In command. Already 
  Wilcox had decided to withdraw. His deCision ended 
  the Confederate attempt to storm the UniOn centre. 
  In his offiCial report Stannard related how his 
  brigade's complicated movements were executed 'in 
  an open field , under a very heavy fire of shell, grape. 
  and musketry, and they were performed with Ihe 
  promptness and precIsion of battalion drill". Later 
  Hancock praised Stannard and his command, saying 
  Ihat Stannard -did 1'101 hesitate to put them in front of 
  the fight, and to keep them there until the battle was 
  decided ·. 
  Doubleday called the brigade'S performance 
  perhaps the most brilliant feat of the war. The brigade 
  of nine-month men had fought superbly in their first 
  bante. They also benefited from fine leadership by 
  Hancock, Doubleday, Stannard and their regimental 
  colonels. 
  1300 
  I Corps' Casualties at Gettysburg 
  July 3 1863 
  1400 
  Infantry killed or wounded 266 
  Infantry missing/captured 10 
  Artillery killed or wounded 13 
  ArtJllery missing/caplured 0 
  -
  1500 
  1600 
  3>4 & 91 -95 
  11·19 
  1700 
  90 
  1800 
  '" 
  E 
  o E 
  • 
  > • 
  ~ 
  ... , • • 
  ~ 
  '" -. 
  ~ -
  o " 
  19 
  
  ~ THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC 
  u = 
  u • 
  E 
  ~ • = 
  1; 
  ~ 
  E 
  <t • 
  f' 
  20 
  II CORPS 
  O
  n July 2, Major-General Hancock had been 
  very active as he helped stop Longstreet's 
  nank attack. Such was Meade's faith In him 
  that, when Sickles fell with a disabling wound, Meade 
  placed Hancock in command of both his own II Corps 
  and of III Corps. Hancock Improvised an ultimately 
  successfu l defence, at times direcllng Individual 
  regiments. such as the 151 Minnesota, into position. 
  During July 2, II Corps occupied Cemetery Ridge 
  until late afternoon when Longstreet's assault began. 
  Its 1s1 Division counter-attacked aggressively and was 
  rouled from the field With heavy losses. Elements of 
  On lurning of Major-
  General Winfield Scott 
  Hancock's $erlous wound 
  on July 3, Meade 
  ordered : 'Say to General 
  Hancock thaI I regret 
  exceedingly thai he is 
  wounded and that I thank 
  him for Ihe Country and 
  for myself for Ihe service 
  he hn rendered today.' 
  (u.s. N,lIon.1 Archives) 
  II CORPS 
  M;ljor·Gener;l1 Winfield Scott Hancockl 
  Brlgadier.General Alexander Hays 
  6 Staft and Field Officers 
  first Division 
  8ngadier-Gerwral Johfl CurtiS caldwetl 
  Second Division 
  Bnpller·Gelllral JaM F Gibbon! 
  Br'9a<iller·General Wilham F. Harrow 
  Third Division 
  Brigadler·General Alexander Hays 
  II Corps MlU.!')' 
  Caplaln John G Huard 
  II CORPS HEADQUARTERS 
  ESCORT 
  Cos. 0 & K, 6tll H.w York Volunteer Cavalry Re!liment 
  Captain Riley JohnSO!1 
  64 Iroops presenllor duly equipped 
  the 2nd Division engaged, wilh that diVISion's 
  1 sl Brigade takmg heavy tosses After fighting on the 
  left flank, when a dusk assault exploded against 
  Cemetery Hill, Hancock sent two Pennsylvama 
  regiments from Ihe 2nd Division to help repel the 
  rebels on Ihe right flank. Within the 3rd DiVISion. only 
  the 3rd Brigade entered the main fight on July 2, when 
  illaunched a fine counter·attack. 
  Taken as a whole, II Corps had seNed in a fire 
  brigade role, sending forces ranging from individual 
  regiments all the way up 10 a full division to help other 
  sectors of the field. Losses were heavy enough, 
  particularly Within Caldwell's DIVISion, thai when 
  Hancock reassembled the corps, he found that It 
  required every available man in oreler to cover the 
  ground held at the start of July 3. Overnight, soldiers 
  improved thelf positions and the artillery was resupplied 
  During Meade's council of war on the evening of 
  July 2, Hancock doubled the practicality of a pOSSible 
  retreat. He advised that the army Improve ItS POSitions 
  and remain on the defensive He also warned wh<3t 
  Lee might do, since remaining on the defensIVe gave 
  the Confederates the initiative. 
  At first light on July 3, rebel sh<3rpshooters, who had 
  re-occupied the Bltss barn during the mght, opened a 
  galling fire. A sharp skirmish duel began Back on 
  Cemetery Ridge, Hancock was literally and figuraflvely 
  above the fray. He later reported. 'The early 
  morning passed in comparative qUiet along our front 
  From 11 a.m. until 1 p.m there was an ominous 
  stillness About 1 o'clock .. the enemy opened upon our 
  front With the heaviest artillery fire I have ever known' 
  
  II CORPS -
  GETTYSBURG - July 3 
  ~=..::.., .. HANCOCK 
  ~""'-;:>01 
  6 Staff & Field Officers 
  c 9.040 troops 
  I 
  ~ 6NY 
  ~ 
  c.64 troops 
  II 8 
  Hazard 
  • 
  30 pieces 
  c 586 troops 
  , 
  , 
  I"'7th 53 Pa 
  1"':71 "6 Pa 
  ~ 
  c.70 troops IL::::::J C 32 tmops 
  )( 
  )( 
  3 staff 
  c.535 
  ~
  MCKeen 
  4 staff 
  c.660 
  ~
  Fraser 
  "' 
  "' 
  II 
  1"':71 '0 NY 
  IL::::::J c.98 troops 
  ..,.-=::.-"'71 Carroll 
  7 staff 
  ":;'-.""';::.1 c.860 
  , 
  Sherrill 
  2 slaff 
  ":;'-.""';::.1 C 1,000 
  ~~ 
  1"':71 Provost 
  IL::::::J c 36 
  )( 
  )( 
  "' 
  "' 
  !Xl 
  ~~:~ff !Xl 
  ~r~~~fe 
  I
  c.330 1 
  c.535 
  ~ 
  1"::'"....:.;,-::>'1 Smyth 
  2 staff 
  ""-,--'''' C 1,105 ~ 
  "' 
  "' 
  ~~ 
  )( 
  3 staff 
  c1127 
  ~
  Harrow 
  "' ~ 
  "' 
  " 
  Gibbon 
  6 staff & field officers 
  "--r--'" c.3,087 troops ~ 
  C8J 
  , 
  , 
  1"':71 ' Mlnn 
  IL::::::J c.56 troops C8J ' 
  Massachusetts 
  Sharpshooters 
  c.42 troops 
  )( 
  3 staff 
  c 1.123 
  ~
  webb 
  "' ~ 
  )( 
  2 staff 
  c 732 
  ~
  Hall 
  "' ~ 
  VI a. 
  ~ 
  o 
  U = 
  !.) 
  '" 
  E 
  o o 
  a. 
  Q) 
  £ -
  o 
  >. 
  E 
  ~ 
  <l: 
  Q) 
  .c 
  I--
  21 
  
  c o '. ., 
  i5 
  = 
  o • 
  E 
  ~ .. • " 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E " • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  II Corps - 1 sl Division 
  A
  I around 1700 hrs on July 2. the 1st DIVision 
  moved from its position In the middle of 
  Cemetery Ridge to support Sickles in the 
  Wheatfield. It proceeded to mount the Army of the 
  Potomac's onty co-ordinated, diVISion-sized counter-
  attack al Gettysburg. It drove three rebel bngades back 
  In disorder only to have other enemy forces appear 
  suddenly on Its nght nank and rear The diVision broke 
  badly Later. General Sykes told Hancock that it had 
  fought poorly Caldwell however reported, 'The diVision 
  on the aftemoon of the 2d fought With its accustomed 
  gallantry, and performed everything thai could be 
  22 
  expected of either officers or men. The large number of 
  - -
  , ,-
  II Corps del,nded 
  Cemetery RIdge, the 
  point le. chose to attack 
  in iI Ilnal effon to win the 
  battle Some of the 
  regiments had 
  suffered severely Ihe day 
  before, and consequently 
  occupied a narrow 
  frontage. The need to 
  keep rebEtI marksmen ilt iI 
  respectful distance 
  required iI heavy 
  skirmish line. During Ihe 
  early morning some 
  corps troops were 
  drawn Into the fight for 
  Ihe Bliss barn. Other 
  troops laboured to 
  improve their position. 
  Most notably. soldiers of 
  Ihe 1s1 Delaware and 
  12th New Jersey 
  collected numerous 
  discarded muskets so 
  Ihey would be able to 
  maintain a continuous 
  flre when the rebels 
  charged. 
  Brigadier-G",ncral John 
  C. Caldwell and his 
  division arrived on the 
  battlefield on July 2. 
  later that day, he 
  presided ably over" 
  co-ordinated alt3ck by 
  his four brigades. but lost 
  control of his men when 
  McLaws routed them, 
  During July 3 the division 
  was nOI engaged 
  (U S Naito"'" Alchlna) 
  
  Is '" ted and wounded attesl 10 liS desperate valor: The 
  d,\1slOO suffered almost all of liS 1 275 losses on July 2, 
  Indudlf'l9 18 oflioers and 168 men killed about 82 offi-
  cers and 798 men wounded, and 6 officers and 202 men 
  captured or missing 
  On July 3 the diVISion was back on Cemetery 
  Ridge where 1\ was so depleted that It could deploy 
  only a single line The soldiers threw up breastworks 
  whICh successfully protected them dUring the rebel 
  artiUery bombardment It lost only one killed and a few 
  v.ounded on July 3 
  Caldwell blamed the July 2 failure of adjacent 
  formalJons for allowmg the rebels to dnve out hiS 
  dlllfslOn 
  Corps commander Hancock did not share 
  CaJctv..eU's view The fact that It had virtually routed and 
  dKi not retum to Cemetery Ridge until after dark annoyed 
  him He blamed Caldwetl for the diVISion's misfortune 
  and laler demanded an IOves\lgatJon The inveStigation 
  exonerated Caldwell and noted that no troops on the field 
  FIRST DIVISION HEADQUARTERS 
  PROVOST GUARD 
  Cos, A, 8 ~n d K, 
  S3rd Regiment P enn$yt¥a ~ i a VGlllnteer tnfanlry 
  ltwlerwnt-Colonel R>Ch~ros M~~I 
  70 troops present for d\lty equ.pped 
  Co, 8, 
  I 16tll Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer InfanlJy 
  Major SI Cla,r Agllstlfl Mliinollall<l 
  32 troops present for duty equ,pped 
  had done belter than the 1st DMSIOO . However, thiS 
  failed 10 assuage Hancock, who removed Caldwell from 
  diVISional command when the army reorganised In 
  March 1864 
  FIRST DIVISION 
  Brigadier-General John Curtis Caldwell 
  (dMsJon oeployed but not engaged on July 3) 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  Colonel Henry 80yd McKeen 
  !lUI Reg·menl New Hampslllre Volunteers 
  (TOLal casuall.es 80) 
  l'eutenant·Colone! Charles Edward Hapgood 
  6!st Reg,ment New Yorlt: Stale Volunleers 
  (TDta! casualtIes 62) 
  ueulenant·Colonel Knut Oscar Broady 
  8151 Reg,menl P~nn.sylvan la Volunleer Infanlry 
  (To,,! casualt.es 62) 
  UW\enant·CoIOflel Amos Siroh 
  l48th Rego.ment Pennsytvarua VDlunteer tnfantr)' 
  (TDtil casualbes 125) 
  tJeutenanl·Co\oneI Robert McFarla~ 
  SECONO BRIGADE (The Irish Brigade) 
  Colo net Patritk Kelly 
  28m Rvg.ment Misuchusells VOluntwr tnfantry 
  (Tol~1 casu~ltte$ 100) 
  Colonel Richard Byrnes 
  63n:1 Re9.ment New Yon Slate Volunteers 
  (ToUl casuallM!s 23) 
  Cilptalf'l Thomas T OIIl1y 
  69th RegllTllnt New York Siale Volunlll'ers 
  (Total C3$l.IiIlIJeS 25) 
  lItutenant Jownes Joseph SmIth 
  88ItI Reg>men\ NIW York Stal. Volunteers 
  (Total CliStBllteS 28) 
  Captilf'l Otnos francs Bune 
  1161t1 Re!Jo'""" p~ 
  Volunteer Infanlty 
  (T alii Cls.;at\itS 22) 
  Map SI eli ... Agu$1Jn Mulholland 
  THIRD BRIGADE 
  lieu ten~nt·Colonel John Fraser 
  52nd Reg,ment New York Sta~e Volunleers 
  (Total casualltes 38) 
  Caplaln Willoam Scherrer 
  57th Regimen! New Yorio. State Voluntwrs 
  (Total casualttes 34) 
  Lreutenant·CoIDnel Alford B Chapman 
  66th Reglmenl New York State Volunteers 
  (Tola] casualtres 41) 
  Ma]Dr Peter Adopll he]son 
  140lh Regunen\ Pennsylvania Volunleer Infantry 
  (Total casuailies 241) 
  LleuleNnt·ColDnel JDlln Fraser 
  FOURTH BRIGADE 
  CGlonel John Rutter Brooke 
  27th Regtment Connectlcullnfanlry Volunt~ers 
  (Total casualties 37) 
  Major James H Cl)bllm 
  2nd Regiment Oelawaf\! Volunteers 
  (Total casualties 84) 
  CoiDnel William P Bally 
  64th Reglmefl! New Yorio. Siale Volunteers 
  ( 151 CaUar.tll9us Reglmenl) 
  (TD"I casualties 98) 
  Major L\ItT1an W Br.t<lley 
  !)3rd RegIment PennsyWarua Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casualbts SO) 
  Llwtenant·Colonel Rlcmrds MtMItha.t 
  145111 Regm'enl Penn.s~Mnla Volunteer Inlintry 
  (T Dial casualtlts 90) 
  Colonel H""m Loorms Brown 
  j •• 
  > o 
  • 
  ~ -
  o 
  <.> 
  = 
  23 
  
  5 
  :~ 
  is 
  11 
  N 
  I 
  ~ 
  o 
  <.> 
  = 
  o • 
  E 
  £ o 
  ~ • " 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E 
  < 
  • 
  r71~1f 
  ~ 
  c.330 \fOQpS 
  III 
  ~R~_" 
  • 
  II Corps - 2nd Division 
  ~ 
  24 
  O
  n July 2 various regiments from the 2nd 
  Division were used to meet Confederate 
  attacks all along Cemetery Ridge. The 
  division's 
  commander, 
  Brigadier.General 
  John 
  Gibbon, was likewise employed in a stopgap fashion. 
  He ascended to corps command when Hancoclo; 
  became a wing commander due to Sickles' wound. 
  Because he was an acting corps commander, Gibbon 
  attended Meade's council of war during Ihe evenlng_ 
  As Ihe council broke up near midnight, Meade, who 
  was on particularly friendly terms with Gibbon and 
  respected his abilities. look him aside and said, 'If Lee 
  attacks tomorrow, It will be on your front.' Although 
  Meade would partially change his mind the next 
  morning, Hancock and Gibbon took the prophetic 
  warning to heart 
  The next day, various senior officers gathered on 
  Cemetery Ridge for lunch. General Newton taunled 
  2nd DIVISION HEADQUARTERS 
  PROVOST GUARD 
  Co. C, 1$1 MI"nesot~ Volunl." Infantry Regiment 
  c..ptJln Wilson B. fefll'ltll 
  56 troops present for duly eqUI~ 
  ht Co .• MUnchun lts Sharpshooters 
  CaptaIn Will,am Plumer' 
  li.utenant Emer50n l BIcknell 
  42 troops prlStnt for duly eqUIpped 
  CAlOWELL 
  1 $101" '" r,.1d olllet,. 
  c.2 010 troopS 
  • 
  ~
  F.'" 
  ..... 
  "., "'" 
  III 
  ~~'-. 
  • 
  ~ -
  , S\.;III 
  C $35 troops 
  III 
  ~~-" 
  SECOND DIVISION 
  Brigadier-General John F. Gibbon! 
  Brigadier-General Wil Ham F. Harrow 
  1st Brigade - c 1.121 troops 
  2nd Brigade - c 1.1231roops 
  3rd Brigade - c 132 troops 
  Severel), wounded on the 
  third day at Gettysburg, 
  Brigadier-General John 
  Gibbon did not return 
  to the field for another 
  eight month&. After the 
  war he continued to 
  serve in the army, 
  fighting Indians for mort 
  than two decades. 
  (U.S. N, tlonll Archlyu) 
  Gibbon. calling him ·thls young North Carollntan' 
  (although born in Philadelphia Gibbon grew up In 
  North Carolina) and said his promotion to corps 
  command placed him beyond his slallon Then 
  Meade said more seriously, 'General Glbborl, see that 
  ali your provost guards are sent to the front after the 
  M illery ceases fire' Clearly, Meade again expected 
  an assault against Gibbon's position. 
  
  xx 
  ~
  x 
  ""~ 
  2 stat! 
  c \ 127 ~OOP5 
  "' 
  ~ R"~'"" 
  II Corps - 2nd Division - 1st Brigade 
  T
  he 1s1 Brigade was heavily engaged on July 2. 
  The 151h Massachusetts and 82nd New York 
  advanced to Ihe Emmitsburg Road to support 
  Sickles Here they sustained an unequal contest unlil 
  the rebels poured around their left nank and drove 
  them back with losses Including both colonels The 
  191h Mame rought an equally desperate combat while 
  supporting a Rhode Island battery. But no Union 
  regiment on the field surpassed the 151 Minnesota. 
  While Hancock was rtding along Cemetery Ridge, 
  he perceived an enemy column advanCing towards a 
  gap in Ihe Umon line Hancock ordered the nearest 
  regiment. the 1 st Minnesota, to charge the rebel 
  column It was a sacrificial miSSion and both Hancock 
  x 
  GIBBON 
  6 sl;)11 8. fIeld o flice. s 
  r. 2.9119Iroop& 
  I2fJ HARROW 
  2 ~1311 
  c 1,127 troops 
  '" 
  1">?1 " ",,". 
  ~ Healh 
  "' 
  171 15 MassachuseU. 
  ~ Jo5hn 
  , 
  '" 
  171 1 M ,nnesol~ 
  ~ Me$SlCk 
  x 
  ~
  H'" 
  2 &1:;:111 
  c 732 lroops 
  "' 
  ~Ro"m'"" 
  On July 3, Brigadier-
  General William Harrow 
  conspicuously patrolled 
  in front of the lines to 
  encourage his troops. A 
  captain remarked, 'It 
  would prove 
  disheartening if, as 
  seemed probable, he 
  should be struck down 
  while teaching us to 
  despise the danger,' 
  (MOLLUS · Penn~ylvanla) 
  c o •• .< 
  o 
  u 
  C 
  N , 
  • 
  ~ -
  o 
  U = 
  u • 
  E o 
  15 
  ~ • " -
  o 
  ~ 
  E :. • 
  ~ 
  ... 
  25 
  
  c o •• 
  :~ 
  c 
  ~ 
  C 
  N , 
  • 
  ~ o 
  u 
  2 6 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  Bngadl6r.General Wjll,am F Harrowl 
  Colonel Francis Edward Heam 
  1911'1 Regiment Maine Volunteer Inlantry 
  (Tolal casualties 203) 
  Colonel Francis Edward Heathl 
  Lieutenant·CoIonel Henry W. Cunningham 
  15th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total ~sualhes : 148) 
  Ucutensnt·CcNoflfJi George C. Joslm 
  1st Minnesota Volunteer In/anlly Regiment 
  (Tobl cll$ualtiH. 224) 
  CapU,in Nathan S. MeSSlCIIJ 
  Captain Henry C. Coates 
  82nd Regiment New YorI!. State Volunteers 
  (2nd MIlitia) (Tolal casualll~$ 192) 
  Caplaln John Darrow 
  Congreufonal Medals of Honor 
  Name: Hervy 0 O·Brien 
  Rank: Corpor;It 
  Unit: Co E. 1st Minnesota Volunle1ll Infantry Regiment 
  Date: July 3 1863 
  Citltion: Takillg up the colors wIlere lIMy had lallen, he rustled 
  ahead 01 his reglmenl. close to the muzzles 01 11M enemy·s 
  guns, and engaged in the desperale slruggle in whICh tile 
  ,ntmy was defe~led . and though severely wounded. he h'ld 
  the colofs until wounded a second lime 
  Name: Marshal! Sherman 
  Rank: Private 
  Unit: Co. C. 151 Minnesob Volunteer Infantry Regiment 
  Date: July 3 1863 
  Cilltion: Caplur. of nag of 28th Virginia Infantry (C.S A.) 
  II Corps - 2nd Division - 2nd Briga 
  The Philadelphia Brigade 
  o
  n July 2 the all-Pennsylvania 2nd Brigade 
  occupied the centre of Cemetery Ridge. 
  Except for skirmishing. il did not engage until 
  1830 hrs, when Wrighrs Georgia Brigade charged 
  towards the 1st Rhode Island Artillery, which was 
  deployed just in front of the 69th Pennsytvania. The 
  69th lay sheltered behind a hastily constructed 
  breastworks made from fence rails and stones. When 
  the Confederates advanced beyond the battery. it 
  received fire from the 69th Pennsylvania. Adjacent 
  regiments moved '0 support the 69th aod then 
  • h. Yankees counter-attacked . Lieutenant-Colonel 
  19th Regiment Maine Volunteer Infantry 
  Colooel Heath 
  Cos A through I( 
  15th Regiment Massachusetts Volunt"r Infantry 
  lIeutenant·Colonel JosllO 
  Cos A through 1(. 
  15t Minnesota Volunteer Infantry Rl!giment 
  Captain Messick 
  Cos A through 1(. 
  82nd Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  Captain Darrow 
  Cos A thfough 1(. 
  and the regimental colonel, William Cotvill, Jr , knew It 
  Eight companies. numbering 262 men, advanced 
  Hancock was subsequently to report that they charged 
  'in handsome style, capturing its colors. and dflvlng It 
  back in disorder'. Colvill described the reality: the 
  regiment went 'down Ihe slope at full speed through 
  the concentrated fire of the two brigades, breaking 
  with the bayonet the enemy's front hne as it was 
  crossing the small brook in the low ground (Plum Run) 
  There the remnant of the eight companies nearly 
  surrounded by the enemy held its entire force al bay 
  for a considerable time and till it retired on the 
  approach of the reserve.' 
  Overwhelmed, survivors of the 1 st Minnesota 
  retired up the slope. However. Ihe regiment had 
  purchased an invaluable 10 minutes or so at Ihe cost 
  of 215 men killed and wounded. More than four out of 
  five men who began the charge fell. There were no 
  missing or captured. Badly depleted, the brigade was 
  only able to man a short sector 200 yards south 01 the 
  Copse of Trees on July 3. 
  de 
  Brigadler.General 
  Alexander Stewart Webb 
  came from a long line of 
  soldiers. The relatively 
  green 2a_year_old 
  New Yorker look 
  command of. veteran 
  Pennsylvania brigade just 
  before Gettysburg, and 
  had to prove his courage 
  to his men. 
  (Ubr.ry of Conll ..... ' 
  
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  Bngadll1f-Gsneral Alexander Siewart Webb 
  69th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  (lOla! casualties 137) 
  Colonel Dennis Q'Kanel 
  Captsm Wilham DavIs 
  71st Regiment Pennsylvania Vell,mleer Infantry 
  (lotal c.lsu~ltles 98) 
  Colonel Richard Penn Smltil, Jr. 
  72nd Regiment Pennsyl~anla Volunteer Infantry 
  (Fire Zouaves) (Total casualties 192) 
  Weulenam-Colonel Theodore Hesser 
  l06th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casualties 64) 
  ueulen;Jnl-Coionel William Lovenng Curry 
  William Curry of the 106th wrote, 'I advanced my 
  regiment to the crest of the hill. and opened fire upon 
  the enemy After several volleys, perceiving that we 
  checked hiS advance, and seeing hiS lines waver, I 
  ordered bayonets fixed and a charge to be made' 
  Bngadler-General Alexander Webb reported that the 
  rebels 'halted, wavered , and fell back' pursued by the 
  69th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  ColonelO'Kane 
  Cos A through K 
  71st Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  Colonel Smith 
  Cos A through K. 
  72nd Reg iment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  lieutenant-Colonel Hesser 
  Cos A through K, 
  106th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  lleut~nant-Colonel Curry 
  Cos A Ihrough K 
  106th, 72nd and part of the 71st reglmenls The 
  106th and 72nd chased the enemy all the way \0 the 
  Emmitsburg Road, captunng about 250 pnsoners The 
  71s1 counter-attacked Into the Rhode Island battery 
  and captured about 20 more men. later Ihe 106th and 
  7151 Pennsylvania marched 10 support XI Corps 
  on Cemetery HilI. Misdirected by a staff officer, the 
  71s1 ended up in the woods 500 yards south of 
  Cemetery HIli Here it became IIIvolved In a confUSing 
  nocturnal 
  fight 
  on 
  unfamiliar 
  ground 
  Nearly 
  surrounded, It tost 3 officers and 11 men In thiS 
  combat. Attacked in flank and rear, Colonel Smith 
  'immediately ordered my command to retire to the road 
  III my rear [Baltimore Pike] when I returned 10 camp 
  against orders' about midnight. Many censured Smith's 
  conducl and believed Ihal he deserved a court martial 
  XI Corps' commander, General Howard, personally 
  poSJIloned the 106th near Ihe cemetery, where It 
  remained until 4 July. Thus the Philadelphia Bngade 
  was used, like many other II Corps formations on July 
  2, responding to emergenCies and operating Without 
  any sort of bngade unity 
  Congressional Medals of Honor 
  Nam.: Ale.ander S Webb 
  Rank: Sngather-General 
  Unit: It Corps, 2nd OI~lslon , 2n<l Bngade 
  Date: July 3 1863 
  Citation: DistingUished personal gallantry m leading hiS men 
  forwan;! al a ~nllcal penod In 1M COfItest 
  Name: John E Clopp 
  Rank: Prl~ale 
  Unit: Co F, 71sl Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  Date: July 3 1863 
  Citation: Capture of flag of 9th Virginia Infanlry, wrestm9 II 
  from Ihe color bearer 
  ~ W'" 
  3 staff 
  (: 1 12J IrQQpS 
  '" 
  rY169 Petmsytvarlla 
  y
  0Kar"Oe 
  '" 
  1Y171 
  PennsyIv.Jnla 
  ~ Srrulh 
  '" 
  1Y172 Pennsylvania 
  ~ H's.sa, 
  '" 
  1YI106 Pennsyl\lalN 
  ~ CU,ry 
  , 
  , 
  , 
  , 
  < 
  o ". ", 
  o 
  ~ 
  < 
  N , 
  e-o 
  u 
  = 
  u • 
  E 
  2 o 
  Q. • 
  :; 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E ;, • 
  ~ 
  >-
  27 
  
  ~ 
  II Corps - 2nd Division - 3rd Brigade 
  ~ 
  "< 
  "' 
  ~ 
  .:; , 
  c o 
  "" 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  C 
  N , • e-
  II 
  = 
  28 
  T
  he five regiments thaI m~de up the 3rd Brig~de 
  arrived on Cemetery Ridge on July 2 having 
  completed a march of about 190 miles without a 
  day's rest. As Sickles' poSition began to collapse, an 
  order came to send two regiments to assist 111 Corps. 
  Colonel Hall sent the 42nd New York and 19th 
  Massachusetts. They marched through the fieeing 
  Union troops \0 form a banle line and deliver several 
  volleys against the SUrging Confederates. Having losl 
  THIRD BRIGADE 
  Colonel Norman Jon(llhlln Hall 
  19th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry 
  (TolOll QsualllH. 77) 
  Colonel Arthur Fonester Devereux 
  20th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry 
  (Tolal casualties. \27) 
  Colonel Paul Joseph Revere/ 
  Ueutenanl·CoIonel George Miley! 
  Captain Henry L Abbott 
  7th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casualties. 65) 
  Lieutenant-Colonel Amos E. Steele. Jr.l 
  Major Sylvanus W. Curtis 
  42nd Regiment New Yorll State Volunteers 
  (Tammany Regiment) (Total easualtles' 74) 
  Cc/one/ James Edward Mo/lo(} 
  59th Regiment New YorlI StatB VolUnteers 
  (Union Guards) (Total casualhes' 34) 
  Captain William McFadden 
  x 
  Congressional Mrd~l$ of Honor 
  Haml: Joseph H de Castro 
  Rank: COrpor.ll 
  Unit Co. I, 19th Regiment Musachu$t1t$ Voluntelll' Infintry 
  Dall: July 31863 
  Citation: Capture of nag of 9lh Virginia Infantry (C SA). 
  wreshng II from the color bearer 
  Him.: Jotm H Robinson 
  R.n.: Pnvate 
  Unit: Co I. 19th Reglmlll'lt MasSKhustUs VolUllt~r Infantry 
  Dall: July 3 1863 
  Citallon: Capture 01 flag of 57th Virgmia Infantry 
  H.ml: James Wiley 
  Rank: Sergeant 
  Unit: Co B, 59th Regiment Hew York State VoIunt~rs 
  Date: July 3 1863 
  CII.Uon: Captur~ of flag of a Georgia regiment 
  about one-third of their strength. the regiments retired. 
  At this poii'll Hall perceived a gap in the Union line 
  on his left On hiS own Initiative he moved several 
  regi-ments to plug this gap. Hall reported, 'The enemy 
  being now within 30 or 40 yards of the line of thiS 
  brigade, the men. lying down. poured Into him so 
  well-directed a fire that he halted, felt back, and finally 
  broke in great disorder' The rebels left two colours 
  Within 20 yards of the 7th Michigan'S front hne. The 
  brigade lost about 150 men on July 2. 
  Although they lacked tools, during the night the 
  ~ ~L 
  2 staff 
  '''''-' I 
  I 
  III 
  lit 
  III 
  ttt 
  ttl 
  ~ 
  19 MassadluHIb ~ 2(I Ma$M(:hu ... tl~~ 
  7 Mochi9Im ~ 
  42 New Yoric ~ 
  59 New Yor\ 
  ~ 
  OIverou~ 
  ~ 
  Revere 
  ~ 
  SleeK! ~ 
  Mallon 
  ~ 
  McFildden 
  , 
  ~ c~ 
  
  sold>ers Improved thel' poSition wllh ralls, stones and 
  whatever earth they could shift using sticks <,nd 
  boards This was a paltry defence agalnsl Ihe 
  Confederate July 3 bombardment 
  On July 3. the 20th M<,ssachusetts, 7th Michigan 
  and 59th New York deployed on Ihe cresl of Cemetery 
  Ridge The other two regiments, which had borne Ihe 
  brunt of the fight on July 2, were in reserve on Ihe 
  bngade's right rear. Han WOUld again employ his 
  regiments with a sure lactical touch and earn the 
  respect of Gibbon and Webb. Even though he was a 
  Wesl Po.nt graduate, hiS performance at Gettysburg 
  did not earn him promOllOn By the end of the year he 
  had returned 10 command the 7th Michigan and would 
  nol rise above Ihal level again. 
  II Corps - 3rd Division 
  A
  fter a short march of about three miles along 
  the Taneytown Road, the 3rd DIVISion arnved 
  on Cemetery Ridge . A stone watt lust below 
  the Clest gave Ihe position a natural fortification . The 
  open fields e)(tendlng towards Seminary Ridge meant 
  Iha\ the supporting artittery would have free play Even 
  THIRD DIVISION HEADQUARTERS 
  PROVOST GUARD· l itlChd from 2~d ' rigld. 
  10th Infantry httallon 
  New Yon Statl Volunteers 
  Major George Faulkner Hopper 
  9a troops present for duly equrpped 
  xx 
  19th Regimenl Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry 
  COlonel !lewr.ulC 
  COs A thrOlJ9h K 
  20lh Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry 
  Colonel RIVI" 
  Cos A through K 
  7th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry 
  Lleutenant·Colonel Steele 
  Cos A through K. 
  42nd Regiment New York Stale Volunteers 
  Colonel Mallon 
  Cos A thrOll9h K 
  59th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  Capl~ln McF~en 
  Cos A Ihrough 0 
  Brigadier·General 
  Alexander Hays: 'I was 
  fighling for my native 
  slate and befora I want In 
  I thought of those at 
  home ... If Gettysburg 
  was losl all was 1051 for 
  them.' 
  (u,s. Nallon;!' Archives) 
  though lis commander, Brlgadier·General A1e)(ander 
  Hays. had assumed command only three days before 
  Gettysburg, the diVision had already learned 10 
  8 SI~ 11 
  ,2.""_ 
  c?p
  HAYS 
  I 
  x 
  r71 ~~ 
  ~ 
  c 1, lOS \foopI: 
  "' 
  ~ ..,'m,"" 
  I x 
  ~
  S""" 
  251<111 
  c 1000 trooP, 
  '" 
  ~ R"'~"" 
  < o .. . , 
  i5 
  " 
  ~ 
  I • 
  ~ 
  .3 
  o • 
  E 2 
  o 
  ~ • " " 
  ~ 
  E 
  ;C • 
  r= 
  29 
  
  < o ". 
  :~ 
  c 
  u ;; , 
  ~ 
  <.J = 
  u • 
  E 
  o ;; .. • " 
  "0 
  ~ 
  E " • 
  ~ 
  3. 
  THIRD DIVISION 
  Brigadier-General Alexander Hays 
  1 st Brigade - c 860 troops 
  2nd Brigade - C. I .1 05 troops 
  3rd Brigade - c.l .000 troops 
  respect his appreciation of his men. Hays reviled 'sci-
  entific leaders' and referred to strategy as ·humbug'. 
  For the rest of the day only skirmishing disturbed 
  the men. Hays posted a strong line of skirmishers 
  along the Emmitsburg Road, using the 12th New 
  Jersey. 1st Delaware. and 14th Connecticut. Twice 
  they sortied to the Bliss farm bUildings to contest that 
  II Corps - 3rd Division - 1 sl Brigad 
  T
  he 1st Brigade deployed on Cemetery Ridge 
  on July 2 at about 0800 hrs. Colonel Samuel 
  Sprigg Carrol! sent four companies of his 
  4th Ohio forward to support the skirmish line. After four 
  hours of skirmishing. he replaced them with two new 
  companies. When ,h. rebels made ,n advance. 
  Carroll received orders to send the 8th Ohio forward 
  into the fight. The 8th advanced 200 yards to provide 
  a solid skirmish support. Two companies from the 
  regimenl continued on to reinforce the two companies 
  of the 4th Ohio. This effort stabilised the skirmish line. 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  Colonel Samuel Spngg Carroll 
  PROVOST GUARD 
  Captain Alfred Craig 
  36 troops present for duty equipped 
  t4th Reg,menl lnc\iana Volunleer Infantry 
  (Total casualties 31) 
  Colonel John Coons 
  4th Ohio Volunteer Infantry Regiment 
  (Total casualties 31) 
  L,eu/enan/-Coionel Leonard Willard Carpenter 
  81h OhIO Volunteer Infantry Regiment 
  (Total casU~lti85 102) 
  Ueuienani-Calonol Franklin Sawyer 
  7th West V.,gmia tnfantry Regiment 
  (Tot~1 castaltllS 41) 
  lIeulenalll·CoIonol Jonathan Hopkms Lockwood 
  e 
  position with Confederate skirmishers The men 
  forming Ihe battle line atop Cemetery Ridge endured 
  sporadiC artillery fire dUring the day 
  When Sickles' position fell apart. Hancock ordered 
  Hays' old command. the 3rd Brigade. to the left Here 
  it fought sternly, and the btlgade commander. ColOnel 
  George Willard. died from a sheU fragment About 
  half of the division's entlte losses for the battle were 
  innlcted upon Willard's brigade on July 2. 
  Hays reported Ihal daylight of July 3 'was a signal 
  for renewed hostilities. and dutlng the morning was 
  a repetition of the pracllce of the prevIOus day. 
  exceptmg that thelt skirmishers appeared more 
  pertinacIous in their assaults' At 1100 hrs a lull 
  occurred. not to be broken until the Confederate 
  artillery began its great bombardment 
  14th Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry 
  Colonel Coons 
  Cos A through K. 
  4th Ohio Volunteer Infantry Regiment 
  lieulenant.(;oIonel Carpenter 
  Cos. A through K. 
  8th Ohio Volunteer Infiintry Regiment 
  llwtenilOt-Colonel Sawyer 
  Cos. A through K. 
  7th West Virginiii Infiintry Reg iment 
  lieutenant-Colonel LockWOOd 
  Cos A through K 
  Colonel S~muet Sprigg 
  Carroll is said to have 
  wept when he learned the 
  fate of his old regiment. 
  the 8th Ohio. on July 3. 
  H. finally received his 
  long-overdue brigadier's 
  star when ho was badly 
  wounded at Spotsylvania 
  the following year. 
  (MARS) 
  When Ihe main Confederate push came at around 
  1800 hrs. Hays ordered Carroll to shift the 14th 
  Indiana. 4th OhiO (mmus liS skirmish companies) and 
  7th West Virginia to the left to buttress the 2nd 
  
  C?J
  CAROOCl 
  1 stall 
  e H163l1OOQs 
  Brigade This movement occurred 'under a heavy 
  discharge of shot, shell, and musketry,' So confusing 
  was Ihe fight Ihat within minutes of entering this new 
  pOSition, Carroll received orders to return 10 his 
  on91nal poSition Finally, these three regiments moved 
  to Cemetery HIli to assist XI Corps. where they would 
  remaIn on July 3. 
  II Corps - 3rd Division - 2nd Brigade 
  L
  ike the 1st Brigade, the 2nd Brigade entered a 
  bnsk skirmish beginning about 0800 hrs on July 
  2 Initially the entire 1 SI Delaware par1IClpaled In 
  the achon. When Ihe Confederates advanced against 
  the Bliss barn, four companies of Ihe 12th New Jersey 
  counter-attacked They dislodged the rebel sharp-
  shooters and captured 92 prisoners while suffering 
  42 men kltfed and wounded 
  However, another 
  Confederate push reclaimed the barn. The Yankees 
  Colon. 1 Thom,. Alfred 
  Smyth finally received his 
  promotion 10 brigadier. 
  gtner.l ln Octob, r 1864. 
  Shot during L •• •• final 
  .eltut. he was Ihe l.51 
  Union gener.' of the war 
  to die of a combll 
  wound 
  (U S Hallonal Archlvn, 
  "' 
  "' 
  lVl'O'" 
  ~ S.....-ye, 
  1Vl7 
  WeSI VIrgin,. 
  ~ Lockwood 
  Congrtsslonal Medal of Honor 
  Name: James Richmond 
  Rank: Pnvale 
  Unit Co F. 81h OhiO Voluntee. Inf~ntry Regiment 
  Date: July 3 1863 
  Cit~ t i on : Capture of nag 
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  Colonel Thomas Alfred Smyth( 
  Lleutenanl·CoIonel Francis Edwin Pierce 
  14th Regiment Connecticut Infantry Volunteers 
  (Tolal casuailies 66) 
  Major T/leodore Grenville Ellis 
  1st Regiment Delaware Volunteers 
  (Tolal casualties. 77) 
  C8p/8in Thom8s B. Hilari 
  LleutMant William Smith! 
  Ueutenant John T Dent 
  12th New Jersey Volunteer Infantry Regiment 
  (Tolal casualtieS' 115) 
  MajOf John THill 
  108th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Total casuailies 102) 
  Ueulenant·CoIoool Francis Edwin P!8rcel 
  Successor unknown 
  10lh Ballalion New York Siale Volunteers 
  (Tolal casualties 6) 
  Major GeorgI!! Faulkner Hopper 
  • 
  ~ • 
  m 
  '0 
  '" 
  ~ 
  < 
  N , 
  < 
  o .. 
  ~ 
  " 
  M , • 
  ~ 
  o " 
  = 
  u • 
  E 
  o 
  '0 
  0-• " 
  15 
  ~ 
  E " " • 
  ~ 
  >-
  31 
  
  • 
  ~ 
  • '" -
  '" 
  ~ 
  C 
  N 
  I 
  c o .. ., 
  <5 
  ~ 
  ;; 
  I • e 
  o " 
  o • 
  E 
  o 
  "0 
  ~ • 
  ~ .. 
  ~ 
  E ;; • 
  f'-
  J2 
  "'''''' 
  , .... 
  "':"''':''' (. , lOS tcoxIS 
  14th Regiment Connecticut Infantry Volunteers 
  -"'" 
  Cos. A 1tvoo9h It 
  ht Regiment Delaware Volunteers 
  "' ... -
  Cos. A lflIouSn It 
  12th New Jersey Volunteer Infantry Reg iment 
  "'JO' ... 
  C()5. A througtl K. 
  10Bth Regiment New York. Stale Volunteers 
  l.woJtol!1a1'1t-Co/on(!l p.~ce 
  CO$_ A Ihrwgh K-
  lOth 8analion Hew York. State Vo lunteers 
  --
  Ccs A!IYoogh 0 
  conducted 
  another 
  counter-attack 
  With 
  the 
  1st Delaware and four more companies of the 
  12th New Jersey 
  These uruts bnefly recaptured the bam, secured 
  10 ffiO(e pnsoners, but ret/red In the face of renewed 
  Confederate pressure l ieutenant-Colonel Hams of 
  the 1st Delaware (ssued tne Older to retreat. for whICh 
  General Hancock Ofdered him placed under arrest 
  The 1st Delaware lost 32 casualties on Juty 2 By 
  2100 hrs firll19 finally ceased Dawn on July 3 would 
  bong a renewal of the contest for the Shss farm and 
  end In rts final destruction 
  /II'IM. Ehp/'I W Ibc:oo 
  R,na: Pnv3I, 
  U,it Co F 14m Reg"""" COIVI8CIJC\Jt lnfantry VQlunttff'S 
  Om "",.,3186.3 
  CitIti ... :~, 
  of ~ 
  01 16th NottI1 ~ 
  RlI9tmMl 
  (C SA) 
  Ham~ : CMs!opl\er FIyfvI 
  R""k: Cor.:or;al 
  Unit: Co K. 14:11 R"9""',t'flt COf'f\edOl! ''l;arlr) \~UI'l:et'fS 
  Dalf: Ju/'y J 1&\3 
  Citatio.: Capltft of I!ag of S:Md C~ 
  Reg Menl IC SA ) 
  H.m,: '01, 
  il"l5 
  s 
  Ranl: ~:M'II·MaJOf 
  Ullit: 1411'1 Rtyll"ft't ~tJ;1.!t In/illtry Volunteers 
  Date: A#t 3 1S63 
  Citallon: Ounng 1M h;gnwiI:if fl"arll of P'c!'.~n s crarg.? 
  on J Ju/'y 1863 the cOOrs of til.? tJ:l'I rt'flt'~~ "'Jflll) 
  !C SA)"'ere p artlc'C SO yaros W'I front of ltH! ~'lffit..,. of 
  ~t Maj Hmd. S re<;jlfT'l!!1t ~ 
  W~ flO Con1eoen:es 
  stanc.ng near II bul sev~ ¥n<;l OOWl'1 al'O(.;nc t UOO{1 ~ 
  cat, to< voUlte~ by Mil £1 S COI"'r1aMlng to cao(v-e 
  tI'IIS nag tI\IS SOlo,.". <tI1C Z o~ 
  ~aO<'d tto~ W'J 
  One 
  COf'lo.JOlOn was JlS!~t'Y shol Sgt Mal H, 's o ... nn I' s 
  rerr.am.ng comoaruon runrung slr.l'<;i'lt il>d $'<00'" for ~ 
  COIQr1 IrruC a storm of s/"Qt SWtng 11<; i'llS satl'e'r ov~ ~ 
  proStr.l(@ COI'feoerates ~(l uni1'l1ng a tem~c yel 
  ~,..:ec 
  the ""'0;; and nasltly ~:1Xflt'd 10 1'1'$ lines. (hf, 14& r~ss.?'<' 
  cameo 12 batue honors on f'S ~ 
  Till! dilvO\l(ln to IlUIy 
  shown b)' Sgt Mill H 
  s gav~ ~~rl 
  ttl ... ..any 01 
  Itts ~s 
  ilt a cruc,aJ rroM8tlt of IlW tar.:1! 
  Harne: JQhn B Ma~bel1)' 
  Rank: Pnvilte 
  Unit: Co Fist ReglmMt DelaWlff! VoIlJnt~ 
  Date: J\Jy J 1663 
  Cililioll: Captu~ of ~ag 
  Ha~ : ~ 
  McCarren 
  Rink: Pnvat, 
  Unit: Co C Ist Rol<J"'*'t{)@Qw~\,oIun~ 
  Oal" .My J 1863 
  Cihlion: Capt\lfll of n~ 
  Nam.: w~ 
  H Rilyrnond 
  Rink; COfP(ItaI 
  Unit: Co A. lD8t1\ R89'Menl /Ioew yon. Stitt \C'U'1WS 
  Date: J\.Ity J 1863 
  Cil;t,IJo.: Vo/I.InWiy and ~. ~ 
  ~ 
  b<vugI>I a M>. ~ 
  atnmurIIl101'1 10 hts ~ 
  on h ~ 
  line. 
  
  II Corps - 3rd Division - 3rd Brigade 
  T
  he 3rd Bngade deployed into ballalion columns 
  Just soulh of Cemetery Hill al 0800 hrs on July 
  2 The 39th New York provided a skirmish 
  screen. For the next lour hours it conducted a brisk 
  combat. lOSing 28 men killed and wounded. AI about 
  1200 hrs, General Hays ordered Ihe brigade to 
  withdraw and change position farther south along 
  Cemetery Ridge. 
  At 1600 h($, Hays ordered II again to move, this 
  time In response to Ihe Impending collapse of Sickles' 
  III Corps. Colonel George Willard , who commanded 
  TH IRD BRIGADE 
  Colonel Ellflk,m Sherrill! 
  Lieutenant·Colonel James R. Bull 
  39th Regiment New York Stale Volunteers 
  (Ganbaldi Guards) (Total casualties 95) 
  Major Hugo Hildebrandt 
  l111h Regiment New York State Votunteers 
  (Wayne & Cayuga Regiment) (Totat casualties. 249) 
  ColMel Clinton Dugald Mar::Dougillll 
  Lllwlenanl-Colonellsfl8c M. Luskl 
  Capt,?,n Aaron P Seeley 
  1251h Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Total casualties 139) 
  lieutenant-Colonel Clmlon LeVin Crandell 
  126th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Total casualties 231) 
  lieutenant-Colonel James R Buill 
  Successor unknown 
  Cungressional Medals of Honor 
  Nama: Moms Brown. Jr. 
  Rank: Captain 
  Unit: Co A. 126th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  Date: July 3 1863 
  Cilatiun: Capture of nag 
  Name: George H Dare 
  Rank: Sergc~nt 
  Unit: Co D, 1261h Regiment New York State VOlunteers 
  Dale: July 3 1863 
  Citation: The colors being struck down by 3 shell 3S the 
  enemy were charging. thiS soldier rushed out and seized It, 
  e~poSlng himself to lhe fire of both Sides. 
  Name: Jerry Wall 
  Rank: P"vale 
  Unit: Co. 6. 1261h Regiment New York Siale Volunteers 
  Date: July 31863 
  Citation: Capture of Oag 
  Ihe brigade on July 2. formed the regiments in battle 
  line and ordered them to charge two enemy battenes. 
  The advancing Yankees unexpectedly encountered 
  Confederates in the underbrush of Plum Run. The 
  brigade pushed on, recaptured a Union battery, and 
  continued under severe fronl and nank firs. Willard 
  judged the position untenable and ordered a 
  withdrawal. The line was just re-forming east of Plum 
  Run when an artillery shot killed Willard. 
  Colonel Eliakim Sherrill of the 126th New York 
  2 staff 
  "':..,....:", c 1 000 troops 
  C?J 
  SHERRtLL 
  III 
  r::;;?'l" N~ y", 
  y
  H'k:!ebli.lndl 
  I ~ ~' 
  III 
  rY] '11 New Vorl< 
  ~ 
  MacOoug;ol1 
  III 
  rY] 125Newvor~ 
  ~ Cli.lndCIi 
  I 
  III 
  rY] '26 New Vorl< 
  ~ BUII 
  • 
  1l 
  m 
  ·c 
  '" 
  ~ 
  M , 
  C o ." 
  :~ 
  Q 
  l' 
  M , • 
  o " o 
  U 
  u • 
  E 
  ~ 
  ~ • 
  :; 
  -0 
  E 
  ;; • 
  ~ 
  ... 
  33 
  
  = 
  o • 
  E 
  £ o 
  ~ 
  £ 
  ascended to brigade command He led the brigade 
  back 10 lIs position on Cemetery Ridge. The official 
  report on this day's action conduded, 'The coolness, 
  courage, and determination displayed by officers and 
  men throughout this trying occasion reflect great 
  credit on them, and it is believed thai the charge aided 
  materially in maintaining our lines during the day' 
  Many of the men had been captured at Harper's 
  Ferry the previous year. When they charged on July 2. 
  someone shouted, 'Remember Harper's Ferry!' Their 
  gallant charge erased the stigma of their surrender 
  In 1862 and gave them greater confidence for the 
  coming rebel onslaught on July 3. 
  "0 
  II Corps Artillery Brigade 
  34 
  O
  n July 2, 11 Corps Artillery Brigade occupied 
  positions along Cemetery Ridge. At around 
  1800 hrs, when rebel charges were lapping 
  against the left-centre of this position, the brigade's 
  two teft-hand units, Battery B, 1st New York, and 
  Battery B, 1st Rhode Island, withdrew to the crest of 
  the ridge to conform with the retreat of the Infantry. 
  After gaining a more commanding position, they 
  opened a rapid fire and inflicted heavy losses upon the 
  attacking Confederates. The New York bauery lost 
  1 killed and 8 wounded. white the Rhode Island battery 
  lost 1 man killed, 7 wounded, and 2 missing. Indicative 
  of the heavy fire the Rhode Island battery endured is 
  its loss of 24 horses killed and 6 disabled Losses 
  compelled both baueries to dispatch two guns to the 
  rear 
  By 0800 hrs, July 3. the artillery was again in 
  combat. Bauery I. 1st U.S., alone had eight separate 
  engagements before noon. Elsewhere, a sudden rebel 
  bombardment exploded three limbers in Cushing's 
  battery. It was a harbinger of things to come. They 
  would shortly be in the thick of the fighting. 
  Congrusional Medal 01 Honor 
  Name: Frederd fugef 
  Rank: $efge¥ll 
  Unit: BaUery A. 4111 US Aftillery 
  Date: July 31863 
  Citation; All of the officers of his baUery ha~II'\g been ~llIed or 
  wounded and five oll\s guns disabled In Pickell's assaull. he 
  succeede!! to the command and foughlthe remaining gun with 
  mosl dishngulshed gallantry unilithe baUtry was order~!! 
  withdrawn. 
  39th Regiment New Yorl! State Volunteers 
  M~1Of Hildebrandt 
  Cos A through 0 
  111th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Wayne & Cayuga Regiment) 
  Colon.1 MacDougall 
  Cos. A through K 
  125th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  lieutenant-Colonel Crandell 
  Cos. A through K. 
  126th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  Colonel Shemll 
  Cos A Uvough K. 
  11 CORPS ARTILLERY BRIGADE 
  Ceptein John Gardner Hazard 
  4 Siaff ~nd Field OfflC«s 
  Battery B, 1s1 New York Ught Artillery 
  (14th New Yor~ Ballery Allached) 
  Caplaln James McKay Rorty/ 
  lieutenant Albert S. Sheldoni 
  lIeulenant Robtrt Eugene Rogers 
  (111 troops present for duty equipped) 
  (Total casualties 26) 
  6 l( 3-<nch filled guns 
  Battery A, ht Rhode Island Artillery 
  Captain William Albert Arnold 
  (111 lroops present lor duty equipped) 
  (Total c.nualhn 32) 
  6 l 3-inch rified guns 
  Battery 8, 1st Rhode Island Artillery 
  Lleulenanl Wilham Smith Perrin 
  (12gtroops present for duty eqUipped) 
  (Tolal casualliU. 28) 
  6 K 12-pounder Napoleon guns 
  Battlry I, hi United Slates Artillery 
  lieutenant George Augu~tus Woodruffl 
  Lieulenanl Tully McCrea 
  (112 troops pr.SIIlt for duly eqUipped) 
  (Tolal casualties 25) 
  6 ~ 12-pounder Napoltof1 guns 
  Batlery A, 41h United Slates Artillery 
  Lieutenant Alomo Hereford Cushlngl 
  Sergeant William Frederick Fuger 
  (t26 troops present for duly eqUipped) 
  (Tolal casuallies 38) 
  6 l( 3-ll1oCh lined guns 
  I 
  
  THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC II CORPS' BATTLES 
  Gibbon's and Hays' Divisions 
  Holding Cemetery Ridge - 1300-1500 hrs 
  T
  he centre of the Army of Ihe Potomac's line 
  rested on the low, open crest of Cemetery 
  Ridge. Hancock's II Corps held the ridge with 
  Caldwell on the left, Gibbon In the centre, and Hays on 
  the nght Doubleday's I Corps division occupied the 
  angle between Gibbon and Caldwell. In front of Hays 
  and Gibbon was II Corps' artillery. Hays' two brigades 
  and Webb's Brigade of Gibbon's Division enjoyed the 
  protection of stone walls. The remaining troops were In 
  Ihe open The ridge commanded a view to the west 
  stretching over a half-mile of open ground to Seminary 
  Ridge A heavy Union skirmish line stretched along 
  the Emmitsburg Road. 
  By 0800 hrs sporadic artillery exchanges had 
  begun 
  Responding to accurate rebel fire that 
  exploded three of his caissons, Lieutenant Alonzo 
  Cushing ordered his battery to return the rebel fire. 
  The useless firing Irritated the commander of " Corps 
  Artillery 8ngade Captain John G. Hazard 
  rode to 
  Cushlflg's battery and sternly asked the lieutenant, 
  'Young man, are you aware that ellery round you fire 
  costs the government two dollars and sixty-seven 
  cents?' The battery dutifully fell silent. 
  Out on the picket line, an escalating firefight took 
  place for possession of Ihe Bliss barn As had 
  occurred the prevIOUS day, rebel sharpshooters firing 
  from concealed positions in the bam made hfe 
  miserable for the yankee soldiers manning the skir-
  mish hne along the Emmitsburg Pike. Their accurate 
  fire also punished the gunners manning poSitions atop 
  Cemetery Ridge Accordingly, General Hays ordered 
  Th. pOlltions of Sherrill's, Smyth's, Webb's and Hall's 
  Brlg~d'l on Cemet.ry Ridge at 0600 hrs on July 3. 
  From her., the Fed.ral troops of II Corps watched the 
  5teady bUild-up of the Confederate gun line on 
  S.mlnary Ridge opposite them. 
  Colonel Smyth to Silence these marksmen. Down the 
  chain of command went the order. A captain in the 
  12th New Jersey. Richard Thompson, conducted four 
  companies against the foe Adding a detachment from 
  the 1 st Delaware that he encountered along the 
  way, Thompson led about 200 men through the 
  concealment of a chest-high wheat field towards the 
  bam When they entered the open they endured 
  • • 
  E • 
  CD -. 
  10 
  o 
  u 
  = 
  u • 
  E 
  ~ • 
  ,; 
  1> 
  ~ 
  < • 
  ~ 
  35 
  
  • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  ii 
  '" • 
  ;; 
  E • 
  u 
  ~ 
  -" 
  ~ " 
  X 
  I • • 
  ~ 
  m .• 
  e-o 
  u = 
  36 
  Infantry and small-arms fire, but they did not slop 
  Thompson's charge secured the barn along with a 
  handlul of pnsoners It also stirred up a hornets' nest 
  01 opposition The Confederates brought up a battery 
  to shell the bam and launched a counter-attack that 
  drove Thompson's detachment from the bUildings, 
  When the Union men returned to Ihelr \lne, someone 
  asked, 'Why didn't you burn the barn?' General Hays 
  apparently agreed, He ordered the 14th Connecticut 
  to silence the enemy Sharpshooters once and for all. 
  ThiS time four companies from the Connecticut 
  regiment followed the same concealed route taken by 
  Thompson but were pinned by heavy enemy fire . Hays 
  sent four more companies Into the fray The additional 
  strength allowed the yankees to regain the barn as 
  well as Ihe Bliss house 
  The problem was that the house was too close 10 
  the main enemy bailie line to be held. while the bam 
  lacked any Windows facing west.The bluecoats retired 
  from the house. Hays did not know any of this. He 
  ordered Smyth to 'have the men In the barn take thai 
  damned while house and hold it al all hazards'. 
  An escalating fight for 
  control of the Bliss Farm 
  began around 0700 hrs. 
  This caused Ganaral 
  Hays to reinforce his 
  Skirmish line. Combat 
  persisted until about 
  1130 hrs. By the time 
  It ended, .tements of 
  the 69th, 72nd and 
  1061h Pennsylvania had 
  r.lnforced the skirmish 
  line. The fighl for the 
  Btiss Farm hRd the 
  unforeSeen benefit 
  of causing some rebel 
  billteries to fire·off 
  scarce, long-range 
  ammunition. After the 
  battle for Ihe farm ended, 
  Ih. troops I.y beneath a 
  broiling sun and aw.lted 
  the coming Confederate 
  bombardment. 
  Brigadler-Genetll Henry 
  J . Hunt's careful sche",. 
  to use his mused 
  artillery collapsed when 
  Hancock ordered the 
  batteries 10 reply to 
  the Confederate 
  bombardment 
  IMOLLUs.-Pennsvlvlnll ) 
  Shortly thereafter, Hays realised that hiS orders were 
  unrealistiC He sent a new order lor the men In Ihe 
  barn to fire the property and Withdraw ThiS, of course, 
  is what should have occurred the prevIOus day The 
  Connecticut men set fire to the house and bam and 
  retired Nearby, Union skirmishers cheered allhe sight 
  of the blazing bam. 1\ would no tonger shelter enemy 
  sharpshooters. 
  Between 1000 and 1100 hrs, the army's chief 
  •• 
  ~~~===. 
  -
  -
  I 
  D 
  ' .. _ 
  "'"-
  ,..,I£!>h t> 
  S1AA'WIO 
  .~ 
  \ 
  
  artlilensl Bngadicr.General Hunt relurned 10 Cemetery 
  RIdge from Culp's HIli 'Here a magnificent display 
  greeted my eyes Our whole front for two miles was 
  covered by batteries already In line or going Inlo 
  poSllfon They slretched apparently In one unbroken 
  mass from opposite the town to the Peach Orchard', It 
  was poSSible Ihat this massive gun hne was Intended 
  to fix Federal attenlfon while the main attack came 
  elsewhere. But Hunt judged il more likely Ihat the rebel 
  batteries Intended a massive bombardment to be 
  followed by an infantry assault. Hunt appreciated that 
  his best defence depended upon having his batteries 
  retain plenty of ammunition to repel the Infanlry. 
  Accordingly. he Issued careful instructions to all of 
  hiS battenes to refrain from returning the ellemy's 
  artillery fire for the first 15 or 20 minutes of Ihe enemy's 
  bombardment and thereafter to fire only at Ihe most 
  dangerous batteries and to fire slowly. 
  On Cemetery Hill, General Hunt told XI Corps 
  arlllienst, Major Thomas Osborn, that he antiCipated a 
  big enemy effort to drive the Union guns from the 
  commanding height. He authOrised Osborn to employ 
  freely ballenes from the reserve 
  Consequently, 
  Osborn ordered up four more batteries, raising Ihe 
  number of guns he commanded 10 34 Together wllh 
  the other batteries, a total of 83 field pieces now 
  occupied positions from Cemetery HIli to Ihe Weikert 
  farm on the south end of Cemelery Ridge. 
  As noon passed the air grew increasingly hot 
  and oppressIVe. At about 1300 hrs, Confederate signal 
  guns on Oak Hill fired . Then began the most 
  celebrated artillery bombardmenl of Ihe American Civil 
  War Amid cries of 'Down! Down!' the Union Infantry 
  hugged the ground. Survivors remembered Ihe 
  suffocahng smoke from exploding projectiles and Ihe 
  sulphUriC taste of burned powder. For everyone, II was 
  the worst shelling they had ever experienced. Solid 
  prOjectiles tore off heads, severed hmbs and ripped 
  apart bodies. The earth seemed to pitch and tremble. 
  Spent projectiles showered soldiers wllh dirt and rock 
  splinters One of the limbers in Arnold's Batlery A, 
  Rhode Island Ught Ar1lllery, exploded and sent flames 
  billOWing Into Ihe sky. The opening fire killed 16 horses 
  piCketed to a rail at Meade's headquarters. Shirkers 
  broke to Ihe rear, some claiming they had to help 
  wounded comrades, others running in blind terror. 
  Hancock rode mto the worst of the fire to find hiS 
  artillery commander He commanded Hazard to open 
  rife Hazard explained Hunt's plan but Hancock would 
  t 
  p!O!! 75-76 
  As the Confederate charge went In, unbeknownst to the 
  attackers there were ample Union reserves to plug any 
  holll in thll Yilnklle centre. 
  (Geuysburg Cyclor~ma) 
  have none of it. The corps commander beheved Ihat 
  hiS men would waver unless hiS artillery showed 
  them II was hitting back even as they sulfered. in spite 
  of Hancock's intercession, Hazard managed 10 wall 
  hiS authorised 20 minutes before opemng fire. This 
  incidenl was the first of several understandable, but 
  unfortunate, limes Hancock meddled with Hunt's 
  arrangements. 
  Because of Hancock, numerous Union battenes 
  fired off most, or all, of their long·range ammuflllion 
  Hunt later estimated that fully one-third of Ine Union 
  guns spent their ammunilion in largely ineffective 
  counter·battery fire before the enemy Infantry 
  advanced, They did. however, mflicl about 200 losses 
  among the Confederate Infantry who were w3lling to 
  charge. 
  To huddle benealh the bombardment was a tnal. A 
  soldier in Ihe 19th Mame related' 'It seemed as though, 
  had a knitting needle stood on end, il would have been 
  shot off a dozen times In so many minutes: As it 
  continued. it became clear that the most dangerous 
  location was on Cemelery Ridge's reverse slope 
  Most of the Confederate projectiles passed over the 
  heads of the infantry and artillerymen on the front 
  slope. Consequently. the reserve trains had to move 
  away frorn the balUe hne to aVOid the danger 
  likewise, General Meade had to abandon hiS 
  headquarters, Estimates of how long it lasled vary 
  among the participants. Contrary to hlstoflcal tradillon, 
  II probably lifted shortly before 1400 hrs In part. a 
  Federal subterfuge contnbuted 10 the bombardment's 
  1600 
  "~ -=] 
  • • 
  E • .. 
  "e-
  o 
  U 
  = 
  u • 
  E 
  £ o .. • 
  £ 
  1; 
  ~ 
  E 
  < • 
  ~ 
  >-
  37 
  
  • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  ii' 
  " 
  • 
  ;; 
  E • 
  u 
  ~ 
  o 
  'ii 
  "0 " 
  I 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  '" -. " 
  o 
  u = 
  u • 
  E 
  o ;; 
  ~ 
  S 
  1> 
  ~ E 
  ~ • 
  ~ 
  I-
  38 
  !81' - -
  (!]J'''JoH:;i 
  • 
  end Hunl rode among his batteries 10 order them to 
  fall sllenl. He hoped both to save ammunillon and 10 
  Invlle a Confederate attack From a rebel perspective, 
  Ihls gradual reduction in Union return fire suggested 
  thaI Iheir own fire was knocking out enemy battefles, 
  In fact, besides Inlerfeflng with the ammunl\lon 
  resupply system and driving Meade out of immediate 
  command and control distance, the bombardment 
  did not accomplish lis objective of paYing the way 
  for the Confederate charge. As the Union infanlry 
  shook themselyes inlo motion they glanced aboul 
  and realised that they had suffered very little The 
  artillerymen, who had 10 remain standing to work their 
  guns, were harder hit Brown's and Rorty's batteries 
  were dflyen from Ihe field ArnOld retired because he 
  "'" 
  , .. 18:1 -
  ~ 
  The ~dv~nee of the 
  Confederate Infantry 
  made ~ welcome rnPfte 
  from the fearsome 
  ar1lUery bombardment. In 
  spile of the volume of 
  rebel fire, the Union 
  front·line infantry did not 
  suffer greatly Some 
  Union batteries, 
  par1icularly Cushing's. 
  did suffer damage but 
  fresh artillery was 
  brought up from the 
  reserve to bolster the 
  line. The defenders atop 
  Cemetery Ridge watched 
  Ihe Confederate Infantry 
  struggle to advance 
  through a withering 
  artillery fire, their 
  frontage eontraetlng all 
  the time. About half of 
  Ihe rebel infanlry in the 
  front wave eilher fa iled to 
  reach, or did not cross, 
  the Emmitsburg Road . 
  had no ammunition, Slill, the survlyorS much 
  welcomed the end of the shelling A New Jersey 
  infantryman spoke for the majority when he stood up 
  to see the Confederates advancing through IhelT gun 
  line, 'Thank Godl There comes the infantry!' Along the 
  Union line, officers stiffened their men's resolye A 
  captain In the 8th Ohio said, 'Boys. they are gOing to 
  make a charge. See that your guns are In order ' AI the 
  Angle, General Webb pOinted to the Emmitsburg Road 
  and said to Ihe 69th Pennsylvania. 'Don't fire unW they 
  get oyer Ihal fence.' Meanwhile, dUring the time that 
  the rebel Infanlry formed, Hunl and hiS fellOW artll!ery 
  officers ordered up reserve ballenes. By the tJme the 
  charge began, there were 98 Federal guns along 
  Cemelery Ridge 10 meet them The Union artillery 
  , 
  
  Confederate Indifference 
  to the security 01 their 
  left flank astonished 
  Feder31 officers In the 
  8th Ohio While the rebel 
  infantry concentrated on 
  thlllr adv3nce. through 
  canister and small·arms 
  fire. against the stone 
  wall. the 8th Ohio moved 
  to enfililde the 
  Confederate left. The 
  8th Ohio's tactical 
  envelopment limited the 
  breadth of the rebel 
  front across the 
  Emmitsburg Road. 
  The Confederates 
  penetrated the Union line 
  in two places: the 
  well·known assault OIl 
  The Angle and a less 
  celebrated breakthrough. 
  across the Fedllral 
  entrenchments on Hall's 
  front, Just south of the 
  Copse of Trees. Elements 
  of nine Federal regiments 
  blunted the Confederate 
  ;advance into the 
  Copse of Trees. while 
  13th Vermont and 
  8Qth New York attacked 
  the rebel right. 
  i8i-
  A~, RY 
  • 
  ,..:!8J .... , 
  !W<;.o.,~ 
  I8i 
  l""'~E~ 
  i8i 
  '"' 
  f81
  P
  ' 
  A'l.'A Slu.t) 
  "" ... 
  ~-
  " 181 
  ~ 
  ~ l 
  ...... t81 
  .~, -
  1 
  -• I 
  '''1E!1h 
  """""'" 
  - 1"181 ,-
  ~, 
  '0I1E! > 
  1-
  "" ~ _. 
  1 1 -
  , ..... ~-
  , .. ,,'" 
  ...... =-
  1" 181 
  -, 
  ,= -.-
  ~ 
  ,,.181-
  $!JITI. 
  1,-
  ,~ 
  -. 
  ~-~ 
  ," 
  7 
  ' •• 
  : " .. [81 -
  ~ ,-
  .. 
  lW·'~ 
  -. 
  '-
  1,-
  ~ 
  '" 
  1,-
  ..... 18] -
  .'>,i8i 
  ,~, 
  ~~ 
  ,-
  .tlll.cE:1 'C-
  ~ ~ 
  .. 
  \\EBi! 
  i8i • .., 
  W~TE'''''''~~I -
  00 
  • 
  ~ 
  :s 
  '" '" • 
  ;; 
  E • 
  u 
  ~ 
  c " 
  ;; 
  I 
  • 
  ~ .. 
  '" -. 
  ~ 
  0 
  u 
  0 • 
  E 
  0 ;; 
  "-• 
  S 
  1; 
  ~ 
  E 
  ~ • 
  ~ 
  >-
  39 
  
  • 
  m 
  ~ 
  ii? 
  ~ 
  • 
  ;; 
  E • 
  u 
  m 
  .£ 
  ~ .. 
  or 
  • • 
  E • '" -. f' 
  o 
  u 
  40 
  helped by the thick skirmish line, either killed, wound-
  ed, or drove back more than hall the Confederate first 
  wave before they could cross Ihe Emmitsburg Road. 
  When the rebels did cross Ihe road, they had lost 
  tactical formation. First Lieutenant John Depuy of the 
  8th Ohio perceived that the enemy was paying no 
  atlention 10 their left flank. He shouted out. 'Will you 
  follow me, boys?' and led the small regiment into 
  a position from where they could enfilade ,1he 
  Confederates with deadly effect: 'The distinct graceful 
  lines of Ihe rebels underwent an instantaneous 
  transformation. They were at once enveloped In a 
  dense cloud of smoke and dust. Arms, heads, 
  blankets. guns, and knapsacks were thrown and 
  tossed into the clear air.' On the opposite Hank, the 
  inspired movement of Stannard's Vermonters forced 
  the Confederates to converge towards the centre. 
  Thus, the 71h Michigan found that after the enemy 
  approached to within some 50 yards, the rebels 
  moved to their own left Hank, 'whIch obliged us to 
  direct our rlre to the righl oblique, in order to keep them 
  Within range as long as possibte', 
  The survivors charged towards The Angle, where 
  they received fire from the Yankees deployed behind 
  the slone waUs. Soldiers in the 69th Pennsylvania had 
  gathered as many as five muskets per man and 
  loaded them each With 12 buckshot At 20 yards' 
  range they fired a first VOlley that caused fearful 
  carnage. But the nearby 71 sl Pennsylvania was nOl so 
  stout. When Ihe charging rebels paused to fire a 
  volley, one wing of the regiment broke in paniC, A 
  Union private recalled, 'I thought it was all up.' In 
  anolher shaky unit, Ihe 1251h New York, a defender 
  wrote about his fears that 'our line would give way as 
  I noticed the uneasiness of some of the men'. 
  At Cushing's battery, Alonzo CUShing had received 
  a mortal wound. Disregarding hiS injury he had 
  ordered his three intact guns pushed forward to 
  the low stone wall. From this position they fired 
  pOint-btank canister against Ihe enemy Infantry It did 
  not stop them. Three rebets leaped the wall and killed 
  two gunners before some nearby Pennsylvania 
  infantry dropped them, Sergeant William Fredeflck 
  Fuger. who had replaced Cushing. shouted for hiS 
  men to 'run for your lives!' Then General Webb 
  appeared to steady the gunners, 
  • 
  • 
  ~ . . 
  ... 
  • '\IOI8l_ 
  An intense fire'fight and 
  hand·to·hand combat 
  raged around the Copse 
  of Trees. However, th", 
  defenders managed to 
  bring up rllinforcemenls. 
  while thc attackers had 
  no reserves to exploit 
  their narrow penetration. 
  The Union counter·thrust 
  sealed the breach and 
  sent the survivors fleeing 
  back to $lIminary Ridge, 
  The Confederale army 
  was now vulnerable 
  - - ;o~rl 
  lie •••••• 
  " . .... 
  • 
  ........ 
  ' -. .... 
  lie ••• 
  'J\\~ _ 
  ...""" 
  ~ 
  -'. 
  • •• 
  M Y!I. 
  1.-
  Tho 
  '" 
  ,~ .. 
  .... 'L __ 
  !.~-
  ~ '''18l 
  s",t~ 
  to an immediate 
  counter.attack. Hancock. 
  among others. saw the 
  opportunity. However, 
  since the rebel 
  bombardment had driven 
  Meade from his 
  headquarters. he was lale 
  In perceiving Ihis 
  opportunIty, 
  
  The Union victors collected about 1,500 Confederate 
  prisoners amIdst the debris of the failed rebel ilssault. 
  (MARS) 
  A private yelled, 'My God, General! I can do nothing 
  here alone!' Webb replied, 'You stay here and I will 
  get you help.' Even as he finished speaking, a nearby 
  caisson exploded. Perhaps inspired by Webb, Fuger 
  yanked a cannon's lanyard and sent another round of 
  canister into the surging enemy. Meanwhile, Webb 
  gathered three companies of the 69th Pennsylvania 
  and led them inlo the breach. Behind the battery, 
  along the cresl line northeast of the Copse of Trees, 
  the 72nd Pennsylvania held firm. Its performance 
  restricted the breadth of the Confederate breakthrough 
  at The Angle. 
  The Confederates made a second penetration on 
  Hall's front, just south of the Copse. A lieutenant in the 
  59th New Yorl<. recalled. 'both the Regts on our right and 
  left gave way, leaving our Regiment' alone to 
  continue the fight. On either side of the two Confederate 
  breakthroughs, the Union defenders slaughtered the 
  enemy infantry Some yelled out 'Fredericksburgl 
  Fredericksburg!' to taunt the enemy with memories 
  of their own slaughter when charging a stone wall. A 
  frenzied soldier in the 126th New York shouted, 'Come 
  on! Come onl Come to death!' The adjacent 12th New 
  Jersey fired point-blank buck and ball loads, dropping 
  four successive colour-bearers within Ihe space of a 
  few yards in the opposing Mississippi regiment. From 
  sheltered pOSitions on the northwestern side of 
  Ziegler's Grove, a 21-man detachment of Andrews' 
  Sharpshooters qUickly shot down three mounted 
  officers including General Isaac Trimble. 
  Gibbon perceived the threat around the Copse 
  of Trees and summoned help from Hall's Brigade 
  Hall understood his mission and directed the 
  20th Massachusetts to pull out of line and move 
  towards the Copse and attack the rebel nank. Other 
  nearby units joined in the counter-attack. Hancock rode 
  up to Colonel Devereux of the 19\h Massachusetts and 
  motioned toward the enemy colours nying inSide The 
  Angle, 'Get in God Di:jmn quick!' Hancock rounded up 
  additional regiments. including the 42nd New York. and 
  ordered them in as well. Inside The Angle. a wild but 
  brief close-range encounter ensued. The Yankees 
  held all the advantages: position. numbers. morale, 
  momentum. After about five minutes. the rebels broke. 
  When Meade arrived on Cemetery Ridge he saw an 
  enemy mass and thougllt the Confederates had made 
  a breakthrough. In fact. it was a mass of prisoners. He 
  asked, 'How is it going here?' When told that the attack 
  had been repulsed, Meade exclaimed. 'What! Is the 
  assault already repulsed?' Hearing the news affirmed, 
  he said, 'Thank God.' and sighed. Afterwards, it could 
  be seen that the Confederate assault was doomed 
  from the start. 
  II Corps' Casualtjes al Gettysburg 
  July 3 1863 
  Infantry killed or wounded 858 
  tnfantry misslnglcaptured 105 
  Artillery killed or wounded 129 
  Artillery missinglcaptured 1 
  ~~~~~~
  0400 Ivs 0500 
  0600 
  0800 
  1000 
  1200 
  1300 
  1400 
  1500 
  1600 
  1700 
  1800 
  ~ 
  35-4 & 91·95 
  17-19 
  90 
  • '" 
  ~ .. 
  ~ 
  ~ • 
  E • 
  o 
  '" 
  .E 
  ~ 
  <; 
  " • • 
  ~ 
  '" -. 
  ~ o 
  o 
  41 
  
  ~ THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC 
  o 
  u 
  o • 
  E 
  o 
  15 
  ~ • " 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E " • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  42 
  III CORPS 
  O
  n the afternoon of July 2, Major-General 
  Daniel Sickles gazed from his corps' position 
  on the low ground of Cemetery Ridge towards 
  the higher ground along the Emmitsburg Road. Having 
  learned at Chancelior$vilie about the Importance of 
  securing the high ground. Sickles resolved to interpret 
  his orders very loosely and move his corps about 
  a mile to the west to occupy the area of the Peach 
  Orchard. From a Federal standpoint, this proved to be 
  one of the banle's most controversial decisions. 
  III Corps' new V-shaped position was well in 
  advance of the main Union battle line. The troops 
  defending the Peach Orchard formed a salient 
  and could be attacked from three directions and were 
  vulnerable to artillery fire. Longstreet's subsequent 
  assault shattered III Corps. Almost all of the 4.211 
  casualties the corps suffered occurred on July 2. 
  Except for some artillery batteries. the corps did not 
  engage on July 3. 
  The July 2 combat also knocked Sickles oul of 
  action when a cannonball shattered his leg. Showing 
  great courage, he deliberately puffed on a cigar so that 
  his men would know that he was alive while stretcher 
  bearers carried him to the rear. Hours later, surgeons 
  amputated his leg just above the knee. Corps 
  command passed to Major-General David Birney_ 
  Sickles' gallant departure from the field provided 
  him with a useful hero's mantle that obscured his 
  martial incompetence. After the war, some argued 
  III CORPS 
  Major-Genera/ OiJv;d Bell Birney 
  9 Staff and Field Officars 
  First Dlvi~ion 
  Brigadier-General John Henry Hobart Ward 
  S.tond Divi$lon 
  Bngadrer-General Andrew Atkinson Humphreys 
  111 Corpi Artillery 
  Captain George E Randolph 
  III CORPS HEADQUARTERS 
  ESCORT 
  Co. A, 6tll New York Volunteer Cavalry Regiment 
  Major William Elliott Beardslev 
  51 troops present for duty eqUIPped 
  Major-General David BeH 
  Birney ascended to corps 
  command just as his 
  division was being 
  routed and presided over 
  a battlefield debacle. His 
  militiJry career ended 
  with his life, when he 
  died of typhoid in 1864. 
  (u.s. National A.chives) 
  that, by advancing to the Emmitsburg Road, III Corps 
  had absorbed the rebel attack well in advance of the 
  Round Tops and thus purchased time for other unlls to 
  occupy the vital heights. Then and thereafter, most 
  historians concurred that Sickles' deCIsion to fight well 
  forward was a mistake. 
  The corps participated in the Mine Run and Bnsloe 
  Station campaigns in the autumn. Thereafter, when 
  Meade made plans to consolidate his corps, he 
  earmarked III Corps as one of the formallons Which 
  was to be disbanded. 
  III Corps Casualties at Gettysburg 
  July 3 1863 
  Infantry killed or wounded 30 
  Infantry missing/captured 10 
  Artillery killed or wounded 10 
  Artillery missing/captured 0 
  
  III CORPS - GETTYSBURG - July 3 
  "X,-,X"X'7, 
  r 
  BIRNEV 
  9 SL;;Iif 1. Field OHI(:9'5 
  "''-F~:.::'=
  .'~.'~20 troops 
  '"' 
  C 511foops 
  II 
  xx 
  "''''''"71 Ward 
  4 staff .g, field otricars 
  c 3,080 IrtlDps 
  Humphreys 
  4 stall & field officers 
  c3,191lroop5 
  8 
  Randolph 
  • 
  27 piooes 
  c.490 lroops 
  x 
  x 
  X 
  )( 
  X 
  x 
  1 staff 
  c.775 
  C?J
  "PP;' 
  C?J """" C?J" """"""'C?J c," C?J ,,,.,," 
  6 513ft 
  1 staff 
  2 slall 
  3 slaff 
  c.l,4oo 
  c.897 
  c.l,l68 
  c.l ,058 
  2 staff 
  c.958 
  C?fJ 
  a"~,,,, 
  '" ~ 
  Senior officers Judged 
  III Corps unfit for combat 
  on July 3. Con~equenUy , 
  it was assigned as a 
  reserve. The exact order 
  in wh ich each of the 
  division' s brigades were 
  deployed is unknown but 
  they were in COlumn by 
  brigade. Its prosenee 
  provided Meade with 
  extra assurance thai, 
  il Lee repealed his 
  attempt to attack the 
  Union centro-left, 
  there would be enough 
  defenders to repulse him. 
  Towards the end of 
  Pickett's and Pettigrew's 
  charge, Itl Corps moved 
  nonh to supponll Corps 
  but were nOI engaged. 
  III 
  III 
  III 
  "' 
  ~ 
  ~~ 
  • 
  E' 
  o 
  " 
  o • 
  E 
  B 
  o 
  ~ • 
  S 
  1> 
  ~ 
  E 
  :t • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  43 
  
  ~ III Corps - 1 sl Division 
  " . 
  ., 
  o 
  ~ 
  • 
  ~ 
  o 
  U 
  u • 
  E 
  ~ 
  ~ • " 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E • « • 
  ~ 
  >-
  O
  n July 2. III Corps' 1st Division advanced to 
  occupy elevated ground around the Peach 
  Orchard. General Sickles Incorrectly believed 
  that it dominated Cemetery Ridge. The division's line 
  extended east a.nd south from the Peach Orchard 
  across Stony HIli to the Devil's Den. It was an overly 
  eKtenSlve front and vulnerable to artillery fire. 
  About 1630 hrs, Confederates belonging to Hood's 
  DiVISion assaulted the division's left As would be the 
  case throughout the struggle, most defenders fought 
  hard, but they also fought in relative tactical Isolation 
  from one another. Indeed, individual regiments 
  On July 2, Brigadier 
  General John Henry 
  Hobart Ward's brigade 
  bore the brunt of a rebel 
  attack. His military career 
  ended In II shocking 
  episode of drunkenness 
  and cowardice in the 
  Wilderness. 
  tu.S. National Ar~h;ve 5) 
  engaged without tactical co-ordination. An hour into 
  the assault, a new threat emerged when 3.000 more 
  rebel infantry charged directly against the Peach 
  Orchard This assault overran Ihe salient and rolled up 
  the defenSive hne along the Emmitsburg Road. At 
  about 1800 hrs, when Sickles reUred from the field. 
  Major-General Birney ascended to corps command 
  and the diVision's senior brigadier, John Ward, 
  replaced Birney. Remnants of the division continued to 
  contest Ihe Confederate advance but the remainder 
  routed off the field. Gazing al his defeated remnants, 
  Birney purportedly said at this time, 'I wish I were 
  already dead.' 
  DUring Meade's council of war, a defeated Birney 
  said that hiS corps was 'used up' The action around 
  the Wheat Field and the OeVII'S Den cost the division 
  about 1.050 men The fight in the Peach Orchard cost 
  about another 1,200 troops. This was a temble loss 
  rale amounhng 10 nearly one man in two. DUring July 
  3 the division remained in reserve . where II endured 
  heavy artillery lire Thereafter, it moved up 10 support 
  44 
  Newlon's IlOe but its help was not needed 
  FIRST OIVISJON 
  Brigadier-General John Henry Hobart Ward 
  (dlvislOfl deployed 1M not engaged on July 3) 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  Colonel Andrew Hart Tippin 
  57tll Regiment Penfl$ylva",~ Vol\mleel' I"fa"lry 
  (Total casuailies 115) 
  Caplaln Alanson H Nelson 
  63rd Rf9lment Pennsytvaflla Volunteer Inf~nlry 
  (Tolal casuailies 34) 
  Malor John Anderson Danks 
  68th Reglmtnt Pennsylvania Volunleer Inl~ntry 
  (Tolal casuatlles 1$2) 
  Caplaln Millon S DaVIS 
  10s.th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunte-er Inlanlry 
  (Tolal casuailies 132) 
  Colonel Catvm Auguslus Cr~lg 
  114th Rtglment Pennsylvania VollHlteer Infantry 
  (Coll+s Zouaves tie Afrique) (Total casuallles 155) 
  Captain Edward Roscoe Bowen 
  141st Rf9lment Pennsylvama Volunleel Infanlry 
  (Total casuailies t4g) 
  Colonel Henry John Madill 
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  Colonel Hiram Berdan 
  20111 Regiment tndlana VOlunteer Inlantry 
  (Total casuailles 156) 
  l ieutenant-Colonel William C L T~y l(J( 
  Jrd Reglmenl Maille Volunteer Infantry 
  (T oIal casualties 122) 
  Colonel Moses B L~keman 
  41h Reglmenl Maine Volunteer lnlanlry 
  (Total casualties 144) 
  Caplaln EdWin Libby 
  86th Regiment New York Slate VolunleerS 
  (Steuben Rangers) (Total casualiles 66) 
  lleutenanl-Colorn!l Benjamin L Hlgglfls 
  1241h ReglfTlenl New YOfk State Volunteers 
  (Amencan Guard) (Tolal casualties 90) 
  lIeulenanl-Colonel FranciS M Cummins 
  99th Rtglment PffIf1sytvanla Voluntel!f Inlantry 
  (TOI~I ca$uallle5 110) 
  Major JoM W,ltlam Moore 
  1st Reglmenl of United Slates Sharpshoolilf$ 
  (Total casuallies 49) 
  Ueulenant-Colonel Casper Trapp 
  2nd Regiment of Ufliled Slates Sharpshooters 
  (Total casualties 43) 
  Major flomer RiChard Stoughlon 
  
  X 
  WARO 
  4 stOiIl & f,eld otfoee.s 
  c 3,080 troops 
  x 
  X 
  1 si:lll 
  ~
  T''''" 
  ~~~~~n 
  ~ 
  de T.,>bmlr.d 
  1 siall 
  c 775 lfoopS 
  ~ 
  C 1.400 lroops 
  c 897 IrOODS 
  "' 
  '" 
  '" 
  ~R.,m'",' 
  ~"'m'"" 
  ~R",m,"" 
  THIRD BRIGADE 
  Colonel Philippe Regis Deni$ de Keredem de Trobriand 
  17lh Regiment Maine Volunteer Inlantry 
  (Total tasuailles 133) 
  Colonel Charles BcnJamm Mernll 
  3rd Regiment Mlcnlgan VOlunleer Inlantry 
  (To131 casuailies 45) 
  Lleutenant·Colonel EdWin S Pierce 
  51h Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casualties 109) 
  Lieutenant-Colonel John Pulford 
  40th Reglmenl New York Stale Volunleers 
  (Conslll!llion Guard) (Total casualties 150) 
  Colonel Thomas Washington Egan 
  110lh Reglmenl Pennsylvania Volunteer Infanlry 
  (Tolal casualties. 53) 
  Malor Isaac Rogers 
  III Corps - 2nd Division 
  W
  hen Sickles ordered the corps to advance, 
  the 2nd Division occupied an exposed 
  position along the Emmitsburg Road facing 
  west towards a line of woods that sheltered the rebel 
  assault brigades The divlsion's left was tenuously lied 
  to the 1st DiVISion, its fight was dangling in air. more 
  than half a mile in fronl of Hancock's 11 Corps on 
  Cemetery Ridge 
  Humphreys exerted himself herOically to help hiS 
  men hold thiS ground. He was seen 'at the most 
  exposed posItions in the extreme front, giving 
  personal attentlon' to the dIVISIOn's manoeuvres When 
  a shelt fragment struck hiS already wounded horse, the 
  Congressional Medals of Honor 
  Name: Oh~er P Rood 
  Rank: Private 
  Unil: Co S, 20th Indiana Volunteer Infantry 
  Date: July 3 1863 
  Cllatlon: Capture 01 flag 012 1s1 North Carolina Infanlry (C S.A) 
  Name: HoNey M. Munsell 
  Rank: Sergeant 
  Unit: CO A. 99tn Regiment Pennsylvallla Volunteer 
  Illlantry 
  Date: July 3 1663 
  Citation: Gallant ,md cour.geous conduct .s color bearer 
  (This noncommissioned officer tarlled the colors 01 his 
  regimentlhrough 13 ellgagements.) 
  A skilled and heroic 
  performance on July 2 
  earned Brigadier-General 
  Andrew Atkinson 
  Humphreys quick 
  promotion. The Assistant 
  Secretary of War called 
  him 'the great soldier 01 
  the A.rmy of the 
  Potomac'. Hi s division 
  was not committed on 
  July J. 
  (USA!o1HI. C""tl,, 
  o 
  c o .. 
  " 
  i5 
  • 
  E' 
  o 
  u 
  u E 
  B 
  o 
  Q. • " 
  .. 
  ~ 
  E " « • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  
  < o .. ., c 
  ~ 
  < 
  N , 
  • 
  ~ 
  U 
  46 
  SECOND DIVISION 
  Brigadier-General Andrew AtkInson Humphreys 
  (d,YISIOO deployed 001 not .ng~gld on July 3) 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  Brlgadl,r.Glneral Joseph B,adIQ'cI C.rr 
  151 Ret;,menl M~ SSilchusells Volunteer lolanll"( 
  (Total usu~llles 120) 
  Lieulen3nl-Colonel Clarl! B. 8aldwIIl 
  11 th Regiment Massa(;l'l/seUs Volunleer Infantry 
  (Tolal casualties· 129) 
  Lieutenant-Colonel Porter O. lnpp 
  16th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry 
  (TOIaI casualbes 81) 
  Captain M~lIhew Donovan 
  12th Reglmeflt New HampshIre Volunteers 
  (T olal casualties. 92) 
  Captain John F l angley 
  1 Hh Rgg,menl New Jersey Volunteer Inlallll"( Regiment 
  (Total ClIsuall,es. 153) 
  Captain Samul1l 1. Sleeper/ 
  Lieutenant-Colonel John Schoonover 
  26th Regiment Pennsylyama Volunteer Infantry 
  (Tolal C3wallies 213) 
  Major Robert lewl$ Bodine 
  64lh Regunent Penn$ylvanll Volunteer Irlf,rllry 
  (Guarding traons - not engaged 3t Gettysburg) 
  lltuteRallt-Colonel M!ltoo Opp 
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  Colonel WIlliam R, Brewster 
  70th Regiment New Y()f1( State Votunteers 
  (1st Regimen!. E~celslor Brigade) (Total casualhu' 117) 
  Colonet John Egbert Farnum 
  7151 Regimerlt New York Slate Volunteers 
  (2nd Regiment. ExcelSior Brigade) (Total casualties 91) 
  Colonel Henry langdon POller 
  72nd Rl!9iment New Yone State Volunteers 
  (3rd Reglmwl. E~ce lslOf Brigade) (Total casuatlies 114) 
  Ututen'rlt·Colonel jolin leonard 
  73«1 Rtgoment Hew York State Volunteers 
  (4th Reglmwl. E~ceJslOf Brigade) (Tolal casualties. 162) 
  MaJOf MIChael William Bums 
  74th Reguntnt New York State VOlunteers 
  (5th Regiment E~celslOr Brigade) (Tolal casualtll!s 89) 
  lieutenant-Colonet Thomas Holl 
  120th Regiment New York Stale VOlunteers 
  (WaShington Guanl) (Total casualties 203) 
  Major John R Tappen 
  animal reared and tossed him violenlly to the ground. 
  He remounted and continued promlnenlly 10 display 
  himself to hiS battered soldiers 
  However, overwhelming Confederate waves and 
  Ihe facl that superior officers removed the division's 
  support at critical times, amplified his problems, Thts 
  combination caused Ihe division 10 collapse Indicative 
  of Ihe heavy casualties caused by the Impossible effort 
  10 defend the salient was the 2nd New Hampshire's 
  loss 01 193 out 01 330 men engaged The 7th New 
  THIRD BRIGADE 
  Colonel Geor\le Childs Burling 
  2nd Regiment New Hampstllre Volunleers 
  (Tolal ~sua!hes 193) 
  Colone! Edward lyon Bailey 
  5th Regiment New Jersey Volunteer Inf~l\trv 
  (Tolal casualliU 94) 
  Captliln Thomas C Godfrey! 
  Captain Henry H Wollsey 
  6th Regimen! New Jersey VOlunteer Infanlry 
  (Tol~1 casualties 41) 
  lIeulenant-Colonel Stephen Rose Gllkyson 
  7th Regiment New Jersey Volunteer Infan!ry 
  (Total easu.lhes 114) 
  Major Frederick Cooper 
  81h Reguntnl New Jersey Volunleer Inlaontry 
  (Total easuathes 47) 
  Caplaln John G langston 
  115th Regiment Pennsylvam3 Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casualtlts 24) 
  Malor John Peter Dunne 
  Jersey lost 114 men at the Peach Orchard alone 
  After breaking the salient, the Confederates rolled up 
  the diVISion's left flank. Here the diVISion suffered fearful 
  losses. DUring the fight between the Emmllsburg Road 
  and Cemetery Ridge, the 1st Bngade lost an estlmaled 
  788 men and the 2nd ExcelSior Brigade an estimated 
  776 The 5th New Jersey also fought on thiS fronl and 
  lost an estimated 94 casualties 
  In Humphreys' words, 'The fortune of war rarely 
  places troops under more trying Circumstances than 
  those In which my division found itself on thiS day' The 
  diVision sustained its fine reputation but paid a temble 
  Price. Forty percent of the diVision became casualties 
  on July 2 When General Hancock saw the survIVors It 
  seemed to him that there was nothing left except a 
  mass of regimental flags stili defiantly waving 
  Humphreys later recalled that the day's stern fighting 
  was worse than the diVISion's futile effort to Slorm the 
  stone wall at Fredeflcksburg. 
  The division remained on Cemetery Ridge until 
  sunrise the next morning, when II moved rearward to 
  resupply depleted cartridge boxes. For the rest of the 
  day, it remained in reserve on the rear slope of 
  Cemetery Ridge, in a position supporting units of 
  V Corps. When the Confederate charge against the 
  centre occurred. the division moved to support the left 
  of II Corps, Formed in mass by battalion, It suffered 
  some losses from rebel artillery fire 
  Humphreys received promotion and became 
  Meade's new chief of staff. Upon Hancock's reoremant 
  from the Army of the Potomac. due to his Gettysburg 
  wound, Humphreys again returned to field command 
  as leader of II Corps 
  
  x 
  HUMPHREYS 
  4 staff 
  c3. t91!roops 
  X 
  ~
  x 
  CoIT 
  2 st.:lff 
  e 1168 troops 
  ~
  B,eWS!e, 
  3 staff 
  c 1.058 troops 
  ~
  ""m' 
  2 slaff 
  c 958 troops 
  "' 
  '" 
  "' 
  ~,gm'"" 
  ~.,'m."" 
  III Corps Artillery Brigade 
  T
  he five battenes comprising III Corps Artillery 
  Brigade participated In the July 2 deMcle. 
  Cumulatively, they losl over 100 men including 
  8 enlisted men killed, 3 officers and 78 enlisted 
  men wounded, and 17 enlisted men missing. About 
  108 horses were killed or disabled. The 4th New York 
  Battery was in a difficult tactical situation. Its losses 
  Included Ihree 10-pounder Parrotts abandoned The 
  battery captain plaintively reported, 'I trust no blame 
  WIll be attached 10 me for the loss of my guns. I did that 
  whtCh in my judgment I thought best: 
  The five batteries of III Corps' Artillery Brigade suffered 
  heavily on July 2 <lnd, with the exception of Battery K, 
  4th U.S., did nol engage on July 3.IAuthor's collection) 
  On July 3, Battery K. 4th U.S .. participated in 
  an early morning skirmish with rebel artillery and 
  sharpshooters. After firing off all of its ammunihon, it 
  retired to a reserve position and did not engage again. 
  III CORPS ARTILLERY BRIGADE 
  Captain George E. Randolph 
  Battery B, 2nd New Jersey Ught Artillery 
  Captam Adonlram Judson Clark 
  (131lroops presenl for duly equipped) 
  (Total casuailles: 20) 
  6 x 10-pounder Parrol! flHed guns 
  Battery D, 1st New York Light Artillery 
  Captain George BigelOW Winslow 
  (116 troops present for duty equipped) 
  (Total casualties 18) 
  6 x 12-pounder Napoleon guns 
  4th Batlery, New Yor~ Ught Artillery 
  Captain James Edward Smith 
  (126 troops present for duty eqUipped) 
  (Total casualties 13) 
  3 x to-pounder Parrott rtfled guns 
  Bitnery E, 1st Rhode Island Light Artillery 
  Lieutenant John Knighl Bucklyn 
  (lOS troops present for duty equipped) 
  (Tot~ 1 casualties 30) 
  6 x 12-pounder Napoleon guns 
  Battery K, 4th United Statn Artillery 
  Lieulenanl franCIS Webb Seeley 
  (t 13 troops present for duly eQUipped) 
  (Total usualties 25) 
  6 x 12_pounder Napoleon guns 
  • 
  iO 
  o " 
  u • 
  E 
  o ;; 
  0. • 
  :; 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E 
  :t • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  47 
  
  ~ THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC 
  o 
  u 
  > 
  u E 
  o ;; .. • " -
  o 
  § 
  ., 
  • 
  ~ 
  >-
  48 
  V CORPS 
  V 
  Corps began July 2 massed in preparation for 
  an attack against the Confederate left When 
  Meade discarded this plan, the corps moved to 
  the Union left to support Sickles' III Corps. While the 
  Corps was en route, Longstreet began his assault. 
  Consequenlly, the corps entered battle piecemeal. 
  V CORPS 
  Major·Genera/ 61/0rg8 Sykes 
  7 Staff and Field Officers 
  Fif$t Division 
  Major-General James Barnes 
  Second Division 
  Brigadier-General Romeyn Beck Ayres 
  Third Division 
  Brigadier-General S~mue l Wylie Crawford 
  V Corps Artillery 
  Captain Augustus P. Martin 
  Major-General George 
  Sykes never again 
  performed as skilfully as 
  he did at Gettysburg on 
  July 2. Tho following day 
  his corps held the left 
  flank of the Federal army 
  on the Round Tops. He 
  ended his postwar 
  military career as colonel 
  of a frontier regiment. 
  (MARSI 
  (Is mosl critical contribution came when Meade 
  ordered Little Round Top held 'al all costs· Sirong 
  Vincent's Brigade tenaciously defended the heights 
  and achieved immortal glory. 
  Corps commander Major-General George Sykes 
  sent reinforcements to Vincent while also sending 
  V Corps remained in the 
  positions it held at the 
  end of July 2 on the 
  Round TopS and east of 
  the Wheatfield. It faced 
  the Confederate troops of 
  Law's DiviSion, but 
  Sykes' men were not 
  tested on July 3. 
  Tho corps had done 
  excellent work the 
  previOUS day and was 
  content to allow other 
  units to bear the 
  burden of combat on thl! 
  final day of the battle. 
  
  OIl'lN units to plug gaps in Sickles' line The corps 
  total was 28 officers and 337 enlisted men killed, 
  loughl In Ille area from Stony HIli to lillie Round Top 
  , 29 officers and 1,482 enlisted men wounded, 1 officer 
  Here It tost almost all of lis casualties. The final 
  and 210 enlisted men missing This lolal of 2,187 
  represented nearly 20 percenl of ItS strength Refernng 
  V CORPS HEADQUARTERS 
  10 his men's defence of Lit1ie Round Top, General 
  Sykes proudly reported , 'Night closed the fighl The key 
  PROVOST GUARD & ESCORT 
  of the banle-field was in our possession Intact ' 
  COlo 0 & E. 12th Regiment New 'fork State Volunteers 
  (I nd~pendence Guards) 
  V CQIQli' ~~li!.!~ lti!.lS at Gettysburg 
  Caotaln Henry Wines Rider 
  July 3 1863 
  (109 troops present for duty equipped) 
  Cos. 0 & H, 17th Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry 
  Infantry killed or wounded 0 
  (162nd Volunteers) 
  Inlantry mlssingfcaplured 0 
  Caplam William Thompson 
  Artillery killed or wounded 3 
  (78 troops presen1 for duty eqUipped) 
  Artillery miSSing/captured 0 
  V CORPS - GETIYSBURG -
  July 3 
  xxx 
  IX 
  SYKES 
  7 Staff & F,,,ld Off"'8r, 
  cB,613 lmops 
  : 
  : 
  e t09lroopS 
  c.la uoops 
  ~ 
  ""' c;;jjjjjjjI "" 
  XX 
  .'X 
  ;, 
  IXJ~"~' 
  IXI:"""' 
  8
  """" 
  4 stall & roek! officers 
  5 'Iaff & field offIcers 
  • 
  2686,e$ 
  c 2 510 troops 
  C 2.534 troops 
  ,4 
  troops 
  X 
  X 
  X 
  ~ 
  X 
  ~''''~ ~'-'~' ~'''. 
  ~ MoC'""~' ~ '''".' 
  t SI~1! 
  t SI~1I 
  t 51"11 
  I slaff 
  1 staff 
  c 529 
  e995 
  e983 
  c 1,079 
  c 1,453 
  III 
  III 
  III 
  III 
  III 
  ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 
  XX 
  lXI"'" 
  5 Sial! & (leld officers 
  c 2.9681roop5 
  X 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  ~ D" 
  ~'" .. "' ~ G"." 
  2 sl:lll 
  1 stall 
  4 G1;11I 
  C.l ,169 
  , "" 
  c 1,281 
  III 
  III 
  III 
  ~ ~ ~ 
  • 
  ~ 
  o 
  u 
  > 
  u • 
  E 
  o 
  '0 
  ~ • 
  £ 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E " • 
  ~ 
  ,.. 
  49 
  
  g 
  V Corps - 1 sl Division 
  " 
  ., 
  i5 
  • 
  E-o " 
  > 
  u • 
  E 
  o 
  <; 
  ~ • " 
  1; 
  § 
  ~ • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  50 
  W
  hen Ihe inexpeflenced Brigadier-General 
  James Barnes led his division into battle on 
  July 2 he faced a confUSing, but critical, 
  sltuahon According to a soldier In Vincent's Brigade, 
  Bames contnbuted nothing useful to the ensuing fight 
  Strong Vincent led his brigade to l ittle Round Top 
  where II fought hard 10 retain this key 10 the entire 
  Union poSilion ThiS combat produced one of the mosl 
  memorable encounters of the entire battle -
  the 
  fight between Chamberlain's 20th Maine and law's 
  Alabamians. Vincent himself fell morta!ly wounded al 
  the climax of the fighting The 1st Bflgade's four 
  regiments lost 340 men killed and wounded with only 
  13 missing during the struggle for little Round Top. 
  ThiS represented a loss rate of more than one in four. 
  Brigadier-Genual James 
  Bilimes was wounded on 
  July 2. His division did 
  not 58. ilIcllon on July 3. 
  Barn., never returned to 
  combat and spent the 
  remillinder of the war on 
  administrative duty In 
  Washington. H. died In 
  1869. 
  tUSAMHI, Cao1l$le) 
  The division's other !WO brigades marched to 
  support Birney's DIvIsion During Ihe ensuing acilon, 
  Barnes became concerned about a perceived gap 
  between Stony Hill and Ihe Peach Orchard. On his 
  own Initiative, he ordered a 300-yard withdrawal. This 
  teft Birney's embafUed soldiers dangerously e;o;posed 
  and contributed to their collapse. During Ihe SWirling 
  combat around the Wheatfield, Tilton's weak bngade 
  escaped relatively lightly. It lost 114 men killed and 
  wounded and 11 missing. about one man in five. 
  Sweitzer's Bngade. minus the 91h Massachusetts, 
  also 
  participated 
  in 
  this 
  fighting 
  The 
  three 
  regiments delivered a spirited counter-attack and losl 
  299 men killed and wounded and 121 missing, nearly 
  30 percent of the men engaged 
  Barnes himself 
  received a disabling wound near the end of the day's 
  fighting ceding command to General Charles Griffin 
  fiRST DIVISION 
  Brigadier-General James Barnes 
  (diVISion deployed but not e~ 
  on July 3) 
  fiRST BRIGADE 
  Colonlt William Stow. 1I THiem 
  18th Regiment Massachusells Volunteer Inlantry 
  (Total casualties 27) 
  Colonel Joseph Hayes 
  22nd Regiment Musachusetls Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casuailin 31) 
  lieutenant-Colonel Thomas Sherwin. Jr 
  1st Reglmenl MidHgan Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casuailies 42) 
  lieutenant-Colonel Wilham A Throop 
  118th Regiment PennsytvilOl~ Volunteer Inf~lItry 
  (Tot~1 casuailies 25) 
  loeutenant-Coionel James Gwyn 
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  Cotonll Jacob Bowman Sweitzer 
  9th Regiment Massachusells Volunteer Infantry 
  (Regiment on right nank plcJcet duty) 
  Colonel Patrick Robert GUiney 
  32nd Regiment Masnchusetts Volunteer Inlanlry 
  (Total casualties 80) 
  Colonel George Linceln Prescott 
  4th Regiment MlcllIgan VOlunteer Infinlry 
  (Total casuallJes· 165) 
  l teutenant-Cotonel George W lumbard 
  62nd Regiment Pennsytvallla Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casual\!es 175) 
  lleutenant·Colonel James C Hull 
  THIRD BRIGAOE 
  Colonel James ClilY Rice 
  20th Regiment Maine Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total CUUiltliS 125) 
  Colonll Jost\ua lawrente Chamberlain 
  16th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Inlanlry 
  (Total cllSualtlts 60) 
  Colonel Norval E. Weld"! 
  44lh Regiment New York State VollMlletrS 
  (Ellsworth Avengers) (Total casuatllts III) 
  l leuttl1.inl·Colonel Freeman COMe!" 
  83rd Regimlnt PlnnsytvallIa Volunteer Inlantry 
  (Total casuailies 55) 
  Capt3ln Orpheus S Woodward 
  after Ihe battle, and never recovered sutflCltmlly 10 
  resume neld command The 1 sl DtvlslOn remained on 
  the Round Tops on July 3 and dtd not engage 
  
  X 
  rvIT'~~8nM 
  ~ 
  c529 l,oopS 
  "' 
  ~ "g'm'"" 
  V Corps - 2nd Division 
  The Regular Division 
  xx 
  ~"RNES 
  4 stall 
  ,2,'" """" 
  x 
  ~
  S~'"" 
  1 starr 
  c 995 troops 
  "' 
  ~R"'~ " ," 
  I 
  ~
  x 
  R~ 
  lS!;!H 
  C 983 troops 
  "' 
  ~ ",g'm."" 
  A
  s the 2nd DIvision neared the Federal left on 
  2 July, Major-General Sykes sent the leading 
  brigade, commanded by Brigadier-General 
  Stephen Weed, to support Vincent's Brigade Thus, 
  Brigadier-General Romeyn Ayres, like most Unton 
  divisional commanders on July 2, had to fight With 
  his brigades out of mutual support. During the 
  3rd Brigade's ensuing defence of Little Round Top. 
  Weed himself fell to a rebel sharpshooter. When an 
  aide suggested that he may not be seriously hurt, 
  Weed replied. 'I'm as dead a man as Julius Caesar.' A 
  lew hours later he died. A total of 191 men were 
  killed and wounded and 18 were missing Overall, the 
  brigade was spared the heaViest fightmg , which 
  occurred to its left when the rebels charged Vmcent's 
  Brigade. Over 14 percent of Weed's men became 
  casualties on July 2. The brigade mamtained its 
  position on July 3 but was not engaged, 
  During July 3, Brigadier_ 
  General Romeyn Beck 
  Ayres' Division held Litlle 
  Round Top, but did not 
  engage. After the war, he 
  remained on active duly. 
  and served with the 
  artillery until his death In 
  1888. 
  (USAMHI, C"rI151~1 
  X 
  ~
  D" 
  2sta!l 
  c 1.1691roop1; 
  "' 
  ~~'~'" 
  ~ "RES 
  SSt"tt 
  ,.2,968_, 
  X 
  ~
  B","" ' 
  1 stall 
  c.5OS troops 
  "' 
  ~R,g'm."" 
  X 
  ~
  Gar rard 
  4 Siall 
  c 1 281 lroops 
  '" 
  ~R,g'm'"" 
  c o 
  ';;; 
  " 
  C 
  ~ 
  C 
  N , 
  • e-o " 
  > 
  o • 
  E 
  ~ 
  ~ • " 
  '0 
  ~ 
  « • 
  ~ 
  >-
  51 
  
  c o ;; , 
  6 
  ~ 
  N , 
  ~ 
  ~ " 
  > 
  u • 
  E 
  o ;; 
  ~ • = 
  '0 
  ~ E 
  < • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  SECOND OIVISION 
  Brigadler.General Romeyn Bock Ayres 
  (dMSi(IO deployed but nol engaged on July l) 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  Colonel Hannibal Day 
  3fd Urulld Siaies Reglmenl of InfOllllry 
  (Tolal Cisualhes 74) 
  Caplam Richard Gregory Lay 
  4tn United Siaies Reglmenl ollnfanlry 
  (T olal casualtlu 40) 
  caplaln Julius Walker Adams. Jr 
  6th United Stales Regiment 01 Infantry 
  (Tolal casualHes 44) 
  Captain LeVI Clarke Bootes 
  12th United Slates Reglmenl 01 Infantry 
  (Tolal ca:waltoeS 92) 
  Captain Thomas Searle Dunn 
  141h United Stalu Rt!l,ment of Inlanlry 
  (Total ca:wal!leS ll2) 
  Malar Grollus Reed Giddings 
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  Colonel Sidney Burbionk 
  2nd UMed Stales Reglmenl of Inlantry 
  (Total casuailies 67) 
  Major Arthur Tracy Lee 
  7th United Slatas Reglmenl ollnfanlly 
  (Tolal casualties 59) 
  Captain David Porter HanCO(:k 
  IOlh United Siaies Regiment of Inlantry 
  (Total casualties 51) 
  Capta,n William Cllnlon 
  11th UMed Slates Reglmenl ol lnlantry 
  (TOlal casualtlu 120) 
  MaJO< DeLancey F~·Jonu 
  17th Unoted Slates Regiment of Inlanlry 
  (TOlal c.asuallias ISO) 
  Lieutenant-Colonel J Durell Greene 
  V Corps - 3rd Division 
  THIRD BRIGADE 
  Co'on.' K.nner Garrard 
  140th Regiment New York State Volunteet$ 
  (Monroe County Reg_ment) (Total ca5Ualhes 243) 
  beulenant-Colonellou!$ Ernsl 
  146th Regiment New York Stale Volunleers 
  (Garraros Tigers) (Tolal casualtl!S 24l) 
  b.utenanl·Colonel DavKi T Jenk!flS 
  9'st Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Inl~11y 
  (Total casualties 243) 
  lieutenant-Colonel Joseph HIli Sinn 
  155th Reglm,nt Pennsylvania Valuntetr lnbntry 
  (Total casualties 243) 
  L,eulenant-Colonel John Herron Cain 
  FollOWing Weed's commitment. the two bngades 
  of regulars received orders to support Ca!dwelrs 
  counter-attack Into the Wheatfield 
  The desperate 
  encounter around the Wheatfield cost the regulars 
  dearly. The 1st Brigade suffered 363 killed and 
  wounded along with 16 missing. The 2nd Bngade 
  endured heavier losses amounting to 420 killed and 
  wounded and 27 missing. In total. amongst Ihe 
  57 compames of regulars who fought on July 2 one In 
  three men became a casualty. Most of the losses 
  occurred when rebel troops poured around the nanks 
  and compelled the regulars to retreat through a 
  gaunllet of fire_ The regulars rallied north of llnle 
  Round Top. Their involvement at Genysburg was over 
  Divisional commander Ayres continued to lead the 
  diVision unhl replaced by Brigadier-General Charles 
  Gnffin during the army-wide reorgamsahon In 1864 
  Thereafter. he transferred to the Army of the James 
  where he commanded a division unlll the war's end 
  The Pennsylvania Reserve Division 
  A
  bout 2,600 men belongmg to Brigadier-
  General Samuel Crawford'S 3rd DIVision 
  brought up the rear of V Corps as it marched 
  towards the Umon left on JUly 2. II arrived on the 
  northeast slopes of LIllie ROUnd Top at about 1600 
  hrs. Subsequently It shifted twice until It eventually 
  occupied a poSition on the northwest slope, where it 
  replaced Ayres' DIVISion 
  Colonel Joseph Fisher's 
  3rd Bflgade forme<! the first line. Behind it stood 
  Colonel William McCandless' 1st Brtgade. 
  Throughout July 2. Federal commanders reacted to 
  52 
  a series 01 staggenng rebel assaults ThiS cause<! 
  Brlgaditr-G.neral Samuel 
  Wylie Crawford and his 
  division did not see 
  heavy acllon at 
  Gettysburg. Atthough his 
  tendency to overstato his 
  m1litary achievements 
  detracled from his 
  reputation, he ably led 
  his division through the 
  remainder ollhe war. 
  (USA.MHI, C,rllsl,) 
  
  THIRD DIVISION 
  Brigadier-General Samuel Wylie Crawford 
  (tI,~,StOfl tleployed tH.It not C!l9aged on July 3) 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  CololI,1 Wllli~m MeCa"dtess 
  30lh RegIment Pennsylvania Volunteer lnlanlry 
  (1 st Pennsylvarua Reserves) (Total casualties 46) 
  Colonel WIII,8m Cooper T<llIey 
  31st Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Inlantry 
  (2nd Pennsylvarua Reserves) (Total casualtoes 37) 
  Lleur6nant-C<>Ionel George Ablsha Woodward 
  35th Reg,ment Pennsylvania Volunteer Inlantry 
  (6th Pennsylvania Reserves) (Total casuailies 24) 
  IJeu/enant·CoIone/ WeI/lOg/on Harry En! 
  42nd Regmwnt Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  (13th Pennsylvania Reserves) (lolal casualties 48) 
  Major William Ross Hartshorne 
  THIRD BRIGADE 
  Cotonet Joseph W. Fisher 
  34th Regiment Pennsytvani~ Volunleer Infantry 
  (5th Pennsylyam8 Reserves) (Tolal wounded 2) 
  L,eutenant-Colonel George Oare 
  38th RegIment Pennsylvania Volunleer Inf~ntry 
  (9th Pennsylvama Reserves) (Tolal woo!lde<l 5) 
  Lltulenant-Colooel James M·IVrmey Snodgr.ss 
  39111 Regiment PeJW\SylVlf\lil Voltlflleer Infantry 
  (10th Pennsylyan~ Reserves) (lolal casualties 5) 
  Colonel A®mram Judson Wamer 
  40th RegIment Pennsylv;miil Volunteer Infantry 
  (11th P!nnsylvanl3 Reserves) (Total casual~,s 'II) 
  Colonel Samuel McCartney Jackson 
  41st Regiment Pennsyl'lania Volunleer tnfantry 
  (12th Pennsylvania Reserves) (Total casualties 2) 
  Cotonel Martin Oavls Hardin 
  dIVISional fragmentation, and so it proved for the 
  Jrd DIVIsion 
  Corps commander General Sykes 
  ordered Crawford to send a brigade to help the 
  defenders of Little Round Top 
  Fisher's Brigade 
  dutifully marched up slope and entered the line on 
  Vincent's left However, by the time they arrived, the 
  fighting had ended 
  After nightfall the brigade ascended Big Round Top. 
  The Climb was arduous but there was little opposition 
  Soldiers secured over 30 pnsoners durtng their 
  advance The bngade held a pOSlllon straddling the 
  ravine between Big Round Top and Little Round Top 
  the next day Again It did not seriously engage For the 
  Congrenio"at Medat 01 Honor 
  Nama Jam" B Thompson 
  Ri nk Sefgttnt 
  Unil. Co G 42nd RegIment Pennsylvania Volunteers 
  Infantry 
  0.1. July 31863 
  Clt.Utn caplure oll1all 01 15th Georg .. Inl.niry (C SA) 
  ;:-'~'?, 
  ,.. 
  CRAWfORD 
  5sl;IoII 
  I£:"'~~ c 2.534 troops 
  • 
  ~
  Mccandiess 
  151all 
  c t,079lrOQps 
  '" 
  ~R"'~" 
  • 
  ~
  FI$her 
  I slIIlf 
  e 1.453 IfOQPS 
  '" 
  ~R"~"" 
  entire battle it lost only 1 officer and 5 enlisted 
  men killed, 3 officers and 46 enitsted men wounded 
  and none missmg or captured . Forty-one of these 
  55 casualties occurred In the 11th Pennsylvania 
  Reserves. All that remamed was to glean the field. 
  Fisher reported that his bngade secured over 
  1,000 small-arms and 'brought off over 200 wounded 
  rebels, and buried 80 of their dead' 
  The 
  1st 
  Brtgade, 
  m 
  assoclahon 
  With 
  the 
  11th Pennsylvania Reserves, ellpenenced more 
  actJon. They faced Plum Run and saw the Regular 
  brigades retreattng towards them. Crawford deSCflbed 
  the scene: 'The plain to my front was covered With 
  fugitives from all diVISions, who rushed through my 
  Imes ... Fragments of regiments came back In 
  disorder. and Without thelf arms. and for a moment all 
  seemed lost. The enemy's skirmishers had reached 
  the foot of the rocky ridge [Little Round Top]. hiS 
  columns were following rapidly' 
  McCandless· Bngade waited until its front cleared 
  and delivered a volley and charged downslope. Its 
  momentum carned away all opposltton unlll the 
  soldiers reached a stone wall. However, a galling fire 
  against the bflgade's left inflicted losses, including 
  Colonel Charles Taylor of the 13th Pennsylvania 
  Reserves. During its charge the brigade lost 1S1 men 
  kIlled and wounded and 2 miSSing ThiS relal!vely light 
  loss rate amounted to about 12 percent 
  On July 3 the brigade contmued to hold its 
  advanced position behind the stone wall. Although It 
  was further west, and thus closer to the Confederates, 
  than any other Union battle line along the long shank 
  of the fish-hook-shaped poSition, the bflgade f('lced 
  only sharpshooter fire durtng the day 
  The division as a whole neither participated In the 
  fighting nor suffered the losses 01 most other units 
  None the less. Crawford immodestly boasted about Its 
  explOits until hiS dying day 
  o 
  .2 
  ~ 
  "E 
  M , 
  • l' 
  o 
  u 
  > 
  o • 
  E 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  £ -
  o 
  ~ 
  E " • 
  ~ 
  >-
  53 
  
  ~ 
  V Corps Artillery Brigade 
  m 
  < 
  m 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  " 
  -< 
  • 
  ~ o 
  u 
  > 
  o • 
  E 
  o ;; 
  ~ • " 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E 
  -< • 
  ~ 
  >-
  54 
  T
  he five balleries assigned to support V Corps 
  entered the field between 1600 and 1700 h,s on 
  July 2. Three baUeries trailed the 1 sl Division 
  and two marched behind the 2nd Division. Battery D. 
  51h U.S., moved up the slope of Little Round Top and 
  unlimbered. It delivered effective enfilade fire against 
  the rebel infantry in the area of the Wheatfield. In 
  turn, its gunners became the target of Confederate 
  sharpshooters hidden in the rocks of the Devil's Den. 
  The rebels picked out the mounted officers atop the 
  heights. 
  The commanding officer, First Lieutenant Charles 
  Hazlell, rode over to comfort General Weed, who had 
  Just been hit by a musket ball. While kneeling beside 
  Weed. Hazlett received a mortal wound to his head. 
  First Lieutenant Benjamin Ritlenhouse assumed 
  command of the battery. 
  The remaining artillery was mishandled, Through-
  out the afternoon, senior officers and staff officers 
  coursed the field to direct Units to plug holes in a 
  desperate effort to stem the rebel tide. These activities 
  broke up unit integrity_ So it was with Battery C, 
  3rd Massachusetts, and Battery I, 5th U.S. An officer 
  on Sickles' slaff ordered both units to a position to 
  support III Corps. ConseQuenlly, as the commander 
  of V Corps Artillery Brigade reported, they were 
  unavailable when called upon to support V Corps' 
  infantry During the day, the Massachusetts battery 
  had SiK men Slightly wounded_ 
  Battery I, 5th U.S., found itself without any support 
  facing a Confederate Infantry charge The battery 
  opened with shell fire at a range of 350 yards. Second 
  Lieutenant MacConnell, who replaced the wounded 
  Lieutenant Watson, reported, 'As they approached 
  nearer. the battery poured In canister ... until men and 
  horses were shot down or disabled to such an eKtent 
  Ihat the battery was abandoned ' A subsequent Union 
  counter-attack reclaimed the guns. This regular 
  battery suffered 22 casualties along with 41 horses 
  On July 3 it withdrew from the field to refit. 
  Battery L. 1st Ohio, was only lightly engaged on 
  July 2. Two sections fired from positions on the slopes 
  of Little Round Top. Two of the gunners received 
  severe wounds_ 
  Battery C, 1s1 New York, occupied a reserve 
  position to Ihe right of Battery L. Since Union infantry 
  remained in front of the battery, it never had an open 
  field of fire and did not fire a shot or suffer any losses 
  On July 3, Battery C, 3rd Massachusetts, and 
  Battery C, 1st New York, moved to the army's eKtreme 
  left. Here, behind Big Round Top, they supported 
  some VI Corps infantry and did not become engaged 
  In contrast. Rittenhouse's battery delivered deadly 
  enfilade fire against Pickett's men. 
  V CORPS ARTILLERY BRIGADE 
  Captain Augustus p, Martin 
  Battery C, 3rd MilSsilchusetts Light Artillery 
  lleu ten~ nl Aaron Francis WakoH 
  (115 troops present for duty equipped) 
  (Total wounded 6) 
  6 x 12-pounder Napolaon guns 
  Battery C, 1s1 New York Ligllt Artillery 
  Captam Almont 6arnes 
  (62 troops present for duty t<juipped) 
  (Total Qsu~ lt l es ' 0) 
  4 J( 3-mch nfled guns 
  Battery L, 1$1 Ohio Light Artillery 
  Captain Frank Ch~rles Gibbs 
  (113 troops present for duty IXlUlpped) 
  (Tolal wounde<l 2) 
  6 x 12-pounder Napoleon guns 
  8attery D, 5th United States Artillery 
  l ieutenant 8enjamin Franktin Ri1tenhouse 
  (68 Iroops present for dUly eqUipped) 
  (Total casu31l1es: 13) 
  6 x 1O-pounder Parrott .. Oed guns 
  Battery I, 5th Uniled Slates Artillery 
  Lltutenant,Colonel Charles CurtiS MacConnell 
  (71 troops present 'Of duty equipped) 
  (Tolal Cilsual\ies 22) 
  4 ~ 3-inch tlOed guns 
  
  THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC 
  VI CORPS 
  V I 
  Corps completed an epic speed march of 
  more than 30 miles to reach the battlefield 
  on the afternoon of July 2 Operating from 
  a reserve position. various units helped buttress 
  the Union hne during the remainder of the battle. 
  The entire corps lost 2 officers and 25 men killed, 
  14 officers and 171 men wounded , and 30 enlisted men 
  miSSing Given that VI Corps was the army's strongest. 
  this tolal of 242 casualties was extraordinarily light. As 
  Major-General John Sedgwick reported. 'The troops 
  were more or less exposed 10 the fire of the enemy's 
  VI CORPS 
  M.jor-G.nflr1ll John Sedgwick 
  13 Slaff and f ield Officers 
  First Dlvlsl"n 
  8rigadler-General Hor~IIO Glluverneur Wright 
  Second Divi$ion 
  Bngadler-General Albion Pams Howe 
  Third Olvl$lon 
  Bngadler-General FlOInk Wheaton 
  VI Corps Artillery 
  Colonel Ch~rln H T ompkms 
  artillery, but, wIth Ihe eKceptlon of the evening of July 2, 
  they were at no lIme seriously engaged.' 
  Tne corps' greatest contribution was the security it 
  provIded for General Meade, In addition, Sedgwick 
  lent a stolid presence A staff officer saw SedgWIck at 
  Meade's counCil of war and left thiS description: 'A 
  heavy man, short, tnlck-set and muscular, wltn nond 
  compleKlon, dark, calm, straight.looking eyes, wltn full, 
  neaVYlsh features Which, wltn hiS eyes, have plenty of 
  animation when he Is aroused 
  Like Meade, he looks 
  and is, honest and modest. You might see at once, 
  why his men, because they love him, call him Uncle 
  John.' 
  Early in the morning General Newton appeared to 
  at SedgWick's headquarters to ask him for men to help 
  plug a gap on Ihe left-centre of Cemetery Ridge 
  Curiously, Sedgwick ctaimed he could only spare one 
  brigade What threats he perceived were confronllng 
  him can only be guessed at Sedgwick senl Torbert's 
  New Jersey Brigade to Newton's assistance Torbert 
  eKtended the Union hne on Cemetery Ridge by 
  The main body of the powerfut VI Corps served 3S an 
  emergency rellcllon force on July 3, 10 counter IIny 
  possible assault from McLaw's Division along the 
  ~ 
  o 
  U 
  ;; 
  u • 
  E 
  o ;; .. • 
  '" 
  1; 
  ~ 
  E 
  '" • 
  ~ 
  Wheatfield Road, 
  S5 
  
  ~ 8 
  ;; 
  u • 
  E o 
  15 
  0-• = 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E 
  < • • ... 
  " 
  ·'X 
  Meilde used VI Corps as 
  his strltegle reserve on 
  July 3 at Gettysburg, 
  leaving Major.General 
  John Sedgwick with Unle 
  10 do. 'I might as well go 
  home,. the disappointed 
  corps commander 
  commented. 
  (USAMHt, Carlisle) 
  deploying 10 the left of Caldwell's DIvIsIOn 
  During the Battle of Gettysburg, the presence Of IhI 
  VI Corps provided Meade With a prICeless reserve 
  Having seen the army suffer from Lee's une)(pected 
  attacks, he retained 1\ to meel emergenaes The 
  dispersal of his corps as Meade asstgned bngades 
  to various sectors disappointed Sedgwick Whether 
  VI Corps could have delivered a telhng counter-attack 
  on July 3 after the repulse of the Confederate charge 
  remains one of the battle's great questions 
  VI CORPS -
  GETTYSBURG - July 3 
  xxx 
  IXI 
  SEDO"'CK 
  , 3 Staff & F .. 1d ()I'fiQr5 
  e 13.524 troops 
  : 
  , 
  c 32 lroop5 
  c.63 troops 
  ~ ' N' 
  ~ . " 
  x 'X 
  <J :nQ
  h1 
  11Xl -"~ 
  6 SIiIt! ;;ww:I ,.,.,Id o/Iicm; 
  6 slilft and IitId ollleet'$ 
  C .. 209 troops 
  c.".67I1troops 
  : 
  c.80 \too!I1 
  ~'N' 
  X 
  X 
  , ..... ~ 6a 'Uetl 
  21tat! 
  4 ltat! 
  c.I.3Ift 
  c 1,321 
  I 
  "' 
  "' ~ 
  X 
  X 
  X 
  ~'".~" ~ '" .. ' ~E"'", 
  6118ff 
  3.lalf 
  l sta" 
  <;.1,478 
  c.l,765 
  c 1,594 
  "' 
  '" 
  "' 
  ~ ~ ~ 
  , .... 
  c.t,8IS 
  ~
  x 
  "'~ 
  x 
  ..." 
  c1.759 
  ~ 
  ... 
  ~~ 
  ~ 
  ~N~" 
  151i111 
  c 1.315 
  '" ~ 
  
  VI Corps - 1 st Division 
  B 
  ngadler·General HoratIO Wnght's 1 sl DIvIsion 
  was one of the army's numencally strongest 
  dIVISions 
  II amved on the field vIa the 
  Balt,more Pike after 1700 hrs on July 2 After resling 
  for abOut an hour, it moved 10 assist the army's (eft It 
  BrigadllH-General Horatio 
  Gouverneur Wright, after 
  ;an un ..... ntful time al 
  Gettysburg, continued to 
  lead nls d ivision until his 
  promotion to corps 
  command the following 
  YI". H •• nded his 
  military eareer in 1884 as 
  Chltf Engineer of the 
  army. 
  (USAMHI C~f1,sle) 
  was too late to partJop31e In the combat 
  Early the next morning Wnght received a speoaJ 
  asstgnment to guard the army's deep left-fear The 
  un,ts deladed for thiS mduded hIS own 3rd Bngade 
  under Bngadter-General David Russell. which was 
  supported by Colonel LeWIS Grant's bngade from the 
  2nd DIVISIOn ThiS command was deployed 10 the east 
  of Big Round Top faCing southwest. to protect against 
  any deep envelopIng Confederate flank-attack The 
  men passed an uneventful day 
  Also on July 3 corps commander SedgWick 
  ordered the deployment of Tomerts 1st Bngade In a 
  POSition Just north of lrttIe Round Top and astnde the 
  Wheatfield Road Bartlett 5 2nd Bngade was deployed 
  Immediately to the rear of the 1st Brigade to provide 
  support These brigades would counter any attack 
  from Mclaws d/VlSlOn arQ(Jnd Stoney H • . a1med at 
  dl1Y,r'IQ a wedge between the Round Tops and 
  Cemetety RIdge How1!vet no such attack came The 
  1st DIVISION HEADQUARTERS 
  PROVOST GUARD 
  tn A C & H _ N .. JetMy VohuDe, 11If~ R-,,,",," 
  ~., 0 .... E*"'9 
  • 
  praM: b' Cklfl ~ 
  + 
  FIRST DIVISION 
  Brigadier-General Horatio Gouverneur Wright 
  (dll/ls,on deployed bul nol engaged on July 3) 
  FIRST BRIGADE (The Hew J.rsty Brigldl) 
  Brigad l'f-G .n.r~1 Alfred Thomas Alelllmede$ To~rt 
  lsI New Jersey Volunlee1' Infantry ~oment 
  (Toql C<lwal!Jes 0) 
  lleUlenAnl-ColMe1 'Mlbvn Henry Jr 
  2nd New Jersey Volunteer Infantry Reo,ment 
  (Tolal wounded 6) 
  Lleulenanl-Cotonel Chartes W'etledce 
  3rd New Jersey VOlunlHr Infantry Reglmenl 
  (Tolil wounded 2) 
  \.}eulenant-Colonel Eaward L campbell 
  15th New Jersey Volunleer Inf~ntry Reg_menl 
  (T 0111 wOl.lllCSed J) 
  Colonel WIII,am Hel'lty PelVose 
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  Brigadier-General Joseph JaeksQ" Bartlett 
  Sth RegJm8f11 Maone Volunl!tr Infantry 
  (Total c.nua'loCS 0) 
  CoIoMI CIatk s~n EdWardS 
  12lst Ra9!1T1ef11 New Yorl! Statt Volunleer~ 
  (Otsego & HlfkJmtr Ra9,menl) nota' WO\IfIde(I 2) 
  CoIorItI Emoty Upton 
  95th Regomenl PaonsytY~1lIJ Votun~r Inlantry 
  (Tela! cuualtles 2) 
  lJeutetlant-Colonel Eaward CarrOll 
  96th Reglllllfli PennsylYiiM Volunleer Inlantry 
  (ToUl! wounrjed I) 
  Map W,II,am H Lessog 
  THIRD BRIGADE 
  Bng3dje,..c;ener~' Callid AlI.n Russ.1I 
  6th ReglfNllt M~,tII! Volunleer Inlantl)' 
  (Total cUlJlIIJtS 0) 
  Colonel tUr3m 8iJrntlam 
  49th Reg<!Tlt!"lt Pemsyfwnoa Vo4UfIteer Infantry 
  (T elJl Clsuatt.oes. 0) 
  Ueutenant~ ~ 
  Iobrws Hulngs 
  119m Reg,"1efI( PemsyIYarg Vok.o!llMf If!bnuy 
  (T0liI~ 0) 
  Colonel Plitt CbIUon Ellrmlef 
  Sth W~ 
  Infantry Reg,ment 
  {lOU! c.a$tlal\le$ 2) 
  COiOI'oII Thon1u Scott Alief! 
  enlKe dJYI$I()O lost only ooe man killed and 17 \IItOUnd-
  ed a1 Gettysburg 
  o 
  o 
  ";; 
  ~ 
  ;; 
  • 
  ~ 
  <; 
  " 
  ;; 
  u • 
  E 
  o ;; 
  ~ • " 
  "0 
  § 
  « • 
  ~ 
  I-
  57 
  
  c o '" 
  :~ 
  Q 
  ~ 
  C 
  N , 
  • 
  ~ 
  o " 
  ;; 
  o 
  E 
  ~ • 
  ;; 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E ;; • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  58 
  ~WR'GHT 
  6 sIaN :'''' ,~" 
  I 
  • 
  • 
  ~
  • 
  To'" 
  2 staff 
  c. 1 ,318 troops 
  ~
  sartlett 
  4 staff 
  C 1 ,321 troops 
  ~~~~II 
  ~ 
  c l .4781f0095 
  "' 
  "' 
  "' 
  ~R"'~"" 
  ~R"'m,"" 
  ~R~~~ 
  VI Corps - 2nd Division 
  T
  he 2nd Diyision, commanded by Brigadier-
  General Albion Howe, comprised only two 
  brigades and was the weakest in the corps. It 
  was the last to arrive on the field, trailing the line of 
  march of its sister divisions on the Baltimore Pike. 
  Grant's all-Vermont 2nd Brigade received the 
  aSSignment of securing the army's left-rear. It occupied 
  a position facing southwest between Big Round Top 
  and the Taneytown Road. It maintained this position 
  o 
  throughout July 3. when Russell's brigade from the 
  1 st Division joined it. Although a few long-range artillery 
  shots fell amidst its ranks, it did not engage. 
  The division's 3rd Brigade was assigned the 
  opposite end of the line. It occupied the army's 
  extreme right between Culp's Hill and Powers· Hill and 
  lightly skirmished. Had the Army of Northern Virginia 
  delivered one of its trademark deep envelopments, 
  these brigades would have become prominenlly 
  SECOND DIVISION 
  Brigadier·General Albion Parris Howe 
  (diviSion deployed but not engaged on July 3) 
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  Colonel l ewis Addison Grant 
  2nd Regiment vermont Volunteers 
  (Total casualties: 0) 
  Colonel James H. Walbridge 
  Jrd Regiment VermOOI VOlunteerS 
  (Tolal casualties: 0) 
  Colonel Thomas O('lille Sea~er 
  41h Regiment Vermont Volunteers 
  (T olal wounded 1) 
  Colonel Charles Bradley Stoughton 
  5th Regiment Vermont Volunteers 
  (Total casualties 0) 
  lieutenant-Colonel John Randolph Lewis 
  6th Regiment Vermont Volunteers 
  (Tolal casualties 0) 
  Colonel Elisha L Barney 
  THIRD BRIGADE 
  Brigadier-General Thomas Hewson Nelli 
  7th Regiment Maine Volunteer Infantry (Total wounded. 6) 
  lieutenant-Colonel Selden Connor 
  33rd Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Ontario Rejllment) (Total casualties: 0) 
  Captain Henry Judson Gifford 
  43rd Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Albany &. Yates· Rines) (Total casualties: 5) 
  Lieutenant-Colonel John Wilson 
  49th Regiment New Y(lfk State Volunteers 
  (2nd Buffalo Regiment) (Total wounded. 2) 
  Colonel Daniel Davidson Bidwell 
  77th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Saraloga Regiment) (Total casualties: 0) 
  lieutenant-Colonel Winsor Brown French 
  61st Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casualties, 2) 
  Lieutenant-Colonel George Falrlamb Smith 
  
  HOWE 
  ssun 
  I.e:~-,," 3.587 t'OOP$ 
  ~
  • 
  Go" 
  Ii sufi 
  e 1 816 tr1)DOS ~
  • 
  N.," 
  65t11~ 
  c ' .7S91roops 
  "' 
  '" ~-" ~~--
  VI Corps - 3rd Division 
  B
  ecause 11 led the corps onto the field the 
  3rd DlVlston was the only VI Corps unit to 
  engage Significantly al Gettysburg II amved 
  ~Ia the Baltimore PIke at about 1700 nrs on July 2 and 
  Bngadler-General Wheaton receIved orders to send 
  his leadIng two bngades to buttress the Union left 
  On July 3 the dIVISion's two bngades deployed to 
  the easl 01 the Tnrostle House and north of the 
  WheatfIeld Road Neither \Vas engaged on July 3 
  For the entire battle Ihe dIVISIOn losl only 1 officer 
  and 19 en~sted men kIlled With 12 officers and 
  THIRD DIVISION 
  Brigadier-Gener-II Frank Wheilton 
  Id .... "101'1 deployed bull>Ot ~ 
  on July 3) 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  8rig~d j 'f.G.n'fat "'lnand •• Shll.r 
  65th RegllTllllt N~ York. Stile VoIunlten 
  (15\ Grenad et' Regiment) (Tol~ usuilbeS 9) 
  CoIont Jo$fOh EIdndgt Hambion 
  67th Regll'nenl ~ 
  '((ri. S:,te VOUIIetI'$ 
  (lortg 'Sinl RfgW"Ient) (TWI t;iI~1e5 1) 
  CoIotI.I ...... son Cross 
  12~ RfV"'IWIl '- yon.; Sb:, VQUlt ... 
  (~Rag 
  ....... ) (lOUI casUIIlJes 44) 
  CoioMI s- r tus 
  2~ ~ 
  P"w15ttv-a VQltJnI_11lf1rWy 
  (T~~l "'l 
  ..,.,..,..~ Jc:M frJI'ICIs GIIM 
  e2rId ~ 
  P~tfv- VOIUnt_ 1n1~try 
  ITGlII~ 6) 
  c.o..n. lAIC ~ 
  '" f!kI BassIn 
  "--------------------------~ 
  engaged Instead like the unitS In the 1st DIVISIOn 
  they suslalned elClraordlnanly IIghl losses 1 offICer 
  and 1 enlisted man kIlled 12 enlisted men wounded 
  and 2 enhsted men missing 
  General Howe had very httle to do al Gettysburg 
  He accompanied the artillery battenes aSSigned to 
  support Grant's Bngade and remained Idle Ihroughout 
  the battle 
  Thereafter, he was demoted from field command 
  and given rear-echelon dury at the artillery depot 
  In Washington 0 C Among his subordinates Grant 
  received a promotion and earned a creditable 
  reputallon at Cedar Creek while Neill ascended to 
  divIsional command when George Getty received 8 
  wound at the Wilderness In 1864 
  + 
  136 enlisted men wounded and 28 more misSing 
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  Colon.1 Henry l,wrence Eustis 
  i!h RegllTltfll Mus"chusens Volunl~r Infantry 
  (TOIII wounae!l 6) 
  lIeutelUnt-Co!onel frankllll P Harlow 
  10th Reg'ffllt'll Massachusens VolUfll~r Inf~ntry 
  (Total casualties 9) 
  LJeu lenanl..co~tl Joseph Bailey Parson 
  37m Reg,ment Masachusetls VOluOl<-er Inbntry 
  (TOI4IJ caSU.1Ir.U 47) 
  Colonel OIrver Ec! ..... an:!s 
  2nd RhoOt 1$1,nd Regment Volunteer ln~:ry 
  (Tow casua'1.JlS 7) 
  Colonel H«a\JO Rogen Jr 
  THIRD BRIGADE 
  Colon,l Oayld J Htvin 
  62nd Rtgll'Tltl'\l Ntw '(()t\( SI4IIe Volooleen 
  (Anderson s ZouavH) (lolal casuallleS 12) 
  lIeuttn¥lt-Colontt Theodore Bums HlITlIitOl'l 
  93rd Reg.mtnl PeMS~ Volunteer I~try 
  (Toul WOIII'IOtd to) 
  Map John Invon '-ew1 
  98th R~t 
  p~ 
  VoIunleeJ IMa1try 
  (TotitlWOl.ftCSrd 1\) 
  MaJOr John s.n.a1Cl Kohler 
  I02ncI ~ 
  P~ 
  Volunteer Intantr)' 
  Colonel JoM W P,tterson 
  (Rtglll'lWot guatdq IrutS al .... estr!wISl.) 
  139ItI Reg."leIlI PlIW\sytvJnII VOUlINr Inflnuy 
  (TotaicaSUMIotS 19) 
  CokIotI rrederlct. Hoi! CoIItf' 
  l.Jeutenanl-CoionII \It WIam H Moody 
  o o .. ., 
  c 
  ~ 
  M , • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  u 
  '> 
  u • 
  E 
  o 
  -0 
  ~ • " 
  .. 
  
  • 
  EO 
  o 
  u 
  5 
  u • 
  E 
  o 
  <; .. • " 
  '0 
  E 
  ;; 
  • 
  ~ 
  r 
  60 
  I 
  I 
  X 
  X 
  X 
  ~
  SIl9Ie( 
  3 slal\ 
  c 1 .765 lroopS 
  C?J""" 
  1 staff 
  c 1,59-4 troops 
  C?J
  N"'" 
  I ltal\ 
  c 13151roops 
  III 
  III 
  III 
  ~Rog'~"" 
  ~"9~"" 
  ~Rog-" 
  VI Corps Artillery Brigade 
  L
  ike the infantry, VI Corps Artillery Brigade 
  was neither employed In mass nor engaged 
  prominenlly dunng the battle. Typical was the 
  1st Massachusetts Battery. which unlimbered on 
  Cemetery HIli after the repulse of the rebel infantry. Its 
  captain had to content himself with boasting about 
  how much unused ammunition his battery salvaged. 
  In contrast. around noon on July 3 the 1st New York 
  Battery moved at a brisk trot to Cemetery Hill and soon 
  thereafter became involved in a counter-battery duel 
  II then moved to support Webb's infantry. Here It faced 
  the charging rebels· 'I commenced finng canister at 
  200 yards, and the effect was greater than I could 
  have anticipated. My last Idouble] charge literally 
  swept the enemy from my front, being fired at less than 
  20 yards.' Cowan's battery suffered the only losses 
  among the brigade: 4 enlisted men killed. 2 officers 
  and 6 enlisted men wounded. 
  VI CORPS ARTILLERY BRIGADE 
  Collmet Charles H. Tompkins 
  hi Banery, M~5nthusens Light Ar1iU.ry 
  Captain Wilham Henry McCar1nev 
  (135 troops presenl for duty equipped) 
  (Total casualties· 0) 
  6 ~ 12-pounder Napoleon guns 
  15tBatlery, New York Light Ar1illery 
  Captlln Andrew Cowan 
  P03tfOOPS present [Of duty equipped) 
  (Total casualties 12) 
  6 x 3·,nch nned guns 
  lrd Battery, N.w York Light Ar1l1lery 
  Caplaln Wilham A. Ham 
  (111 troops present for duty equipped) 
  (Totll casualtieS 0) 
  6 • 10-pounder Parrolt nUll"(! guns 
  Batt.ry C, ht Rhode Island light Ar1illlry 
  Caplaln Richard Waterman 
  (I 15 troops present for dutv equipped) 
  (Total casualties 0) 
  6. l-iflCh rl'led guns 
  Batttry G, ht Rllodelsland Ught Artiltery 
  Captain George Wilham Adams 
  (126 troops present fOf duty equipped) 
  (Total casualties. 0) 
  6 x lO-pounder Parrott rlned guns 
  Battery 0 , 2nd United States Artillery 
  lieutenant Edward BaflCroft Williston 
  (126 troops presef1t for duty equipped) 
  (Total casualties. 0) 
  6 x 12-pounder Napoleon guns 
  Battery G, 2nd United St~les Ar1ille..,. 
  Lieutenant John Hartwell BuUtr 
  (101 troops present'Of duty equipped) 
  (Total casualties 0) 
  6. 12-pournler Napoleon guns 
  Battery F, 5th United States Artillery 
  lieutenant Leonard Marlin 
  (116 troops prese!!1 lor duty equipped) 
  (Total ca$ual\les 0) 
  6 x 10-paurnlar Parrott nlled guns 
  
  THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC 
  XI CORPS 
  A
  fter two days of difficult combat. July 3 
  passed relatively uneventfully for XI Corps' 
  mfantry The Confederate artillery bombard-
  ment pounded Cemetery Hili. inflicting some losses. 
  DUring the height of the bombardment, Howard 
  Having broken on July 1 
  and 2, XI Corps did not 
  face a Confederate 
  infantry attack on July 3. 
  fortunately for the Union 
  Infantry, the Confederate 
  high command had 
  determined that Cemetery 
  Hilt was an impregnable 
  position. On July 3, the 
  corps held Cemetery Hill 
  where it endurCld the 
  rebel artillery 
  bombardment, as well 
  as deadly sharpshooter 
  fire Irom marksmen 
  concealed in the 
  building s on the 
  outskirts of GeUysburg 
  town. 
  Major_General Oliver Otis 
  Howard's Corps suffered 
  heavy losses at 
  Gattysburg. On July 3. 
  the corps held its 
  positions on Cemetel)l 
  Hill. Later in the war he 
  was a creditable 
  commander of the Army 
  of the Tennessee. 
  (USAMHI. Carlisle) 
  XI CORPS HEADQUARTERS 
  PROVOST GUARD & ESCORT 
  Independent Co . . 8th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (1st German Rilles) 
  Lieutenant Hermann Foerster 
  (40 troops presenl for dutv equipped) 
  Cos . I & K. lst Regiment Indiana Cavalry 
  Captain Abraham Sharra 
  (50 troops present for duty eqUIpped) 
  Co. K, 17lh Regimenl Pennsylvania Cavalry 
  (162nd Volunteers) 
  Colonel JOSiah H Kellogg 
  (36 troops present for duly equipped) 
  • 
  ~ 
  o 
  U 
  x 
  u • 
  E 
  o ;; 
  ~ • 
  ; 
  1; 
  ~ 
  E 
  ~ • 
  £ 
  ~ 
  61 
  
  62 
  XI CORPS - GETTYSBURG - July 3 
  ~!!.!~~ HOWARD 
  , 
  I"C7i'N' 
  ~ 
  c40lmops 
  "
  ,.2X~X~" Ames 
  4 staff & field officar$ 
  c.956 troops 
  x 
  X 
  ~
  ~"G""~H',"' 
  2 starr 
  4 staff 
  c.S50 
  C.400 
  ~~ 
  von SIG,nwehr 
  $ staff & field officers 
  c 2 223 lroops 
  XI CORPS 
  Major-General Oliver Olis Howard 
  11 Staff and field O /licers 
  First Division 
  Brigadier-General Adelbert Ames 
  S~~ond DiYislon 
  Brigadier-General Adolph von Sieinwehr 
  Third Diyision 
  Major-General Carl Schurz 
  XI Corps Artillery 
  Major Thomas W Osbom 
  XI Corps - 1 sl Division 
  F
  ollowing the twilight struggle to defend the 
  heights, the infantry of Ames' DIVision remained 
  posted on the northeast stope of Cemetery Hill 
  11 Staff & field OfIkers 
  C $,393 troops 
  ~"~ 
  ~ 
  c.SO IfOops 
  , 
  roO.:;iiI " " 
  ~C36troops 
  x X 
  Schurl 
  8
  11 
  Osborn 
  6 siaff & field offleelS 
  • 
  26 poeees 
  ""l=~~'~'~'~7~'~'~:':' ___ ~ 
  e 599 tmops 
  I staff 
  <700 
  ~
  x 
  " __ _ 
  '" ~ 
  informed Meade. 'The fire has been concentrated 
  lipon this point about an hour, With no great effect. The 
  batteries on our right do not reach us, and in the 
  centre invanably overshoot us.' 
  XI eoru ' Casualties at Gettysburg 
  July 3 lB63 
  Infantry killed or wounded 81 
  Infantry miSSing/captured 0 
  Artillery killed or wounded 10 
  Artillery missing/captured 0 
  on July 3. Although the morning skirmishing never 
  approached a pitched battle, (I slill caused losses to 
  those units assigned to outpost duty Throughoullhe 
  
  xx 
  Brlgadier-Glmerill 
  Adelbert Ames returned 
  to brigade command 
  shortly after Gl!ttysburg. 
  After the war he se ..... ed 
  as mUllilry governor of 
  Mississippi, eventually 
  becoming Its elected 
  governor, Beset by 
  corruption charge., he 
  resigned in disgrace. 
  !USAMHI. Carlisle) 
  LX
  " '~i~ 
  "':""r'.I. c.956 troop, 
  I 
  ~ 
  f71~~~~ 
  ~C.400troops 
  "' 
  ~R"m,". 
  day the men endured sniping from rebels hidden in 
  Gettysburg, and that afternoon suffered from the 
  Confederate artillery bombardment. 
  XI Corps - 2nd Division 
  T
  he 2nd Divtsion defended the western slope of 
  Cemetery Hill on July 3. Its forward skirmishers 
  occupied postttons along the Emmitsburg Road. 
  The need to keep the rebel sharpshooters at a decent 
  dtstance from the battle tine reqUtred a substantial 
  number of Infantry in the picket bne. The skirmishing 
  began at first Itght on July 3 The colonel of the 
  1361h New York reported, ·During the whole lime we 
  occupied thtS posttton, an almost continual connlct was 
  kept up between the enemy's sharpshooters and ours: 
  Although the infantry was not the particular target of 
  the rebel artillery bombardment, thiS too innlcled some 
  losses General Howard described the scene 'A 
  terrtflc cannonade opened upon us from the west, 
  northwest north, and northeast, hurling into the 
  cemetery grounds mtsstles 01 every deSCription Shells 
  FIRST DIVISION 
  Brlgadler.General Aldelbert Ames 
  (dIvision deployed but not engaged on July 3) 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  Colonll Leopold von G1In 
  4tst Regiment New YClk State Volunteers 
  (OeK;lb Regiment) (Total casu~l tl es : 75) 
  Lleutenant-Colontl Heinrich Celleo YOn ElnSlfdel 
  54th Regiment New Yonc State Volunteers 
  (Barney Black Rifles) (Tot.1 Cisl./alhes: 102) 
  Lieutenant Ernst Both 
  6alh Regiment New YOIt Statt Volunte!NS 
  (2nd German Rifles) (Total casuallles \38) 
  Colonel GoUhotr von Bourry d · l~ernois 
  153rd Regiment Pennsylvania Volunleer Infantry 
  (T Dial casualties· 211) 
  Major John Frederick FrueauH 
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  Colonel Andrew LIntner Harris 
  171h Regiment Connec!icutlnlantry Volunteers 
  (Total casua1tu~s . 197) 
  Mai« Allen G. Brady 
  25th Ohio VoIunlt!N Inlantry RegIment 
  (Total casu~lttes 184) 
  LleuienanllSr,lel While 
  75th Ohio Volunteer Infanlry Regiment 
  (lolal ca$ual1les: 186) 
  Captain Gaorge 8enSM Fox 
  107th OhIO Volunteer Infantry Regiment 
  (Total casualties. 211) 
  Captain John Mict1~1 Lutz 
  On July 3, Brigaodier· 
  General Adolph Wilhelm 
  August Frederick Bilron 
  von Stelnwchr's Division 
  held the most northern 
  positions 01 the army, 
  close 10 Gettysburg town. 
  They were engaged only 
  In skirmishing. 
  (C.rl Smith, Mannsas) 
  burst in the air, tn the ground to the right and left, killing 
  horses, exploding caissons, overturning tombstones, 
  and smashing fences. There was no place of safety: 
  Because of its assoclallon with the July 1 debAcle, 
  the division emerged from the battle With a tarnished 
  • 
  ~ 
  o 
  <.> 
  X 
  o • 
  E 
  2 
  ~ • 
  :; 
  "0 
  E 
  • 
  ~ 
  0-
  .3 
  
  c o ". ", 
  1i 
  "0 
  C 
  N , 
  • 
  ~ o " 
  x 
  u • 
  E o 
  15 
  ~ • " 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E 
  ~ • 
  ~ 
  6. 
  xx 
  lXl 
  wn STEINWEHR 
  5$18" 
  c 2 1931roOP1 
  I 
  ! 
  ~ 
  ~co"" 
  ~sm'" 
  5 staff 
  1 sLaIl" 
  c.578 troops 
  c 1,60Q lrOOPi 
  "' 
  "' 
  ~R"'m,"" ~",,'m"" 
  reputahon It would later redeem Itself when II was 
  transferred west. 
  Congressional Medals 01 Honor 
  Name: Rlehard Enderlin 
  Rank: MUSICIan 
  Unit Co B 73rd OhiO Volunteer Infantry Reglll'\tni 
  Oal, : 1-3 July 1863 
  Citillion: Voluntal'lly look a nile and 5trved as I Soldlef In lhe 
  ranks !turIng the fi~t and stCOnd days ollhe baWe Votontaflly 
  ioII<l at hl5 own Immmenilltfil went Inlo tile enemy's Iinu al 
  I'lIghl and uMN a sllarp fire, rescued iI wounded comrade 
  Name: John Miller 
  Rank: Corporal 
  Unit: Co. G 1st Regiment Delaware Volunteers 
  Dale: July 3 1863 
  Citation: Caplufe 012 nags 
  XI Corps - 3rd Division 
  on 
  the evening 01 July 2, the 3rd Division 
  engaged in spirited. close·range fighting 
  and held its positions on Cemetery Hill. lIs 
  participatlon in the batUe was over. 
  On July 3, the diVISion occupied the northwestem 
  slope of the hili in the middle of Ihe corps' line 
  ACC()(dlng to Major-General Schurz, 'no part of my 
  command but my skirmishers were engaged', The 
  soldiers endured the Confederate artillery bombard-
  ment dUring the early afternoon but otherwise were 
  inactive The commander of the 45th New York related, 
  'Very IItlie damage was done, however, to our ranks, 
  and il proved only to be noisy Whereas units like 
  the 26th WisconSin suffered no losses on Jul 3 the 
  y , 
  SECOND DIVISION 
  Brigadier-General Adolph Wilhelm August F"dellc._ 
  Baron von Sieinwehr 
  (dlvls!Orl deployed but not engaged on JIlI~ 3) 
  FIRST BRIGAOE 
  Cotonet Charles Robert Cosier 
  134th Reglmenl New York State Votunle-ers 
  (Tolal casualties 252) 
  lieutenant-Colonel Allen Hyre Jacksofl 
  154th Regiment New YorIl S\ilte Volunteers 
  (Total Cilsualtles 200) 
  lleutenant·CoIOllllI Daniel B Allen 
  27th Regiment PennsylvaAla Vohmtt« Infanlfy 
  (T alai casuallJU 111) 
  lIeut,nanl·CoIonellorelll Cantador 
  73ftj Reglmenl Pennsylvania Volunleer Inlanlry 
  (Total casualties 34) 
  Captain Oanl,1 F Kelly 
  SECONO BRIGADE 
  Colon,1 Orland Smith 
  33rd Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Reglmenl 
  (Total casualties. 45) 
  Colonel Adm Ballou Underwood 
  136lh Regiment New Vorl( State Volunteers 
  (Ironclads) (Total casual!les: (09) 
  Colonel James Wood, Jr 
  55th OhiO Volunteer Infanlry Regiment 
  (Total casualties 49) 
  Colonel Charles B. Gambee 
  73rd OhIo Volunleer Infanlry Reglmenl 
  (Total casuailies (45) 
  lIeulenanl·Co!onel Richard Long 
  ,"X ,-,X,::>, 
  r 
  SCHURZ 
  6 ~Ciltf 
  "'c,-'::.I c1,474 UOOps 
  ~
  x 
  ~Am."." 
  3 SUlII 
  enO UOOp5 
  "' 
  ~R"'m,"" 
  
  THIRD DIVISION 
  Major-General Carl Schurz 
  (divIsIOn deployed but not engaged on July 3) 
  fiRST BRIGADE 
  Colonel George Karl Heinrich Wilhelm von Am$berg 
  82nd illinOIS Inlantry Regiment 
  lleutenant·Colonel Edward Selig Salomon 
  45th Regiment Now York State Voluntters 
  (5th German Rines) 
  l ltutenanl-Coionet Aoolphus Doblle 
  157\h Regiment New York Slate Valunlet1s 
  Colonel Philip Perry Brown. Jr 
  61St Ollio Volunteer Inf~try Regiment 
  CoIoMl Steven Joseph McGroarty 
  7Ath Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer'S 
  Captain Henry ~useneck 
  75th Pennsylvania had Ihree casualties At daybreak 
  on July 4. the 58th New York had the satisfaction of 
  re-enteflng Gettysburg. It captured over 280 pflsoners. 
  XI Corps Artillery Brigade 
  T
  he we<lry XI Corps gunners spent the night 
  of July 213 milking rep<lirs <lnd replenishing 
  ammunition, The batteries did not change 
  poSition. Because of the intermingling of I Corps <lnd 
  XI Corps baUeries, Major Thomas Osborn, Chief of 
  artltlery for Xt Corps, retained command of the battenes 
  west of the S<lJ\lmore PIke. while his counterpart In 
  I Corps commanded those on the east side, Thus, 
  CaptaIn Wiedrich's Battery I, 1st New York Ught 
  Artillery, fell outSide of Osborn's command It continued 
  to occupy the earthen lunettes behind Bnckyard Lane 
  faCing northeast towards Benner's HIli Just west of 
  the Baltimore Pike was Captain Dilger's BaMry I, 
  1st OhiO light Artillery, with Its si~ Napoleons, They 
  were Sited along the crest of Cemetery Hill in poSition 
  to block any rebel charge Issuing from the soulhern end 
  of GettySburg On DIlger's left W<lS a sectIOn from Taft's 
  reserve artillery lIeutenant Wheeler's 13th Ballery, 
  New York ltght Miliery, WIth only three 3-lnch fines 
  remaining 
  was m reserve behind Cemetery HilI. 
  Heckman's depleted battery remained In the rear 
  On July 3 
  all of the guns Ih<lt could bear 
  partJopated In the artillery duel, 
  'e~hlbltmg great 
  coolness energy and judgment', and then fired allhe 
  charging Infantry. thereby helping to break Ihe left pari 
  01 the rebel assault force 
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  Colonel Wladlmlr Knytanowski 
  58th Regiment New Yorl< State Volunleers 
  (Polish Legion) 
  Cap/am Emil Koomg 
  t19th Regiment New York State Volunleers 
  Lleu/enam·CoIonel Edward F Lloyd 
  82nd OhIO Volunteer Infantry Regiment 
  lieutenant·CoIonel DaYK/ Thomwn 
  75th Regiment Pennsylvama Volunteer Inlantry 
  Mapr AuguSI Ledtg 
  26th WisconSin Infantry Regiment 
  Cap/mn John William Fuchs 
  Stili, this small success did nol erase the memory of the 
  terrible July 1 drubbing <lnd the diVISion's subsequent 
  rout through the streets 
  XI CORPS ARTILLERY BRIGAOE 
  Major Thom3s W, Osborn 
  BaneI)' I, 1st Hew York light Artillery 
  Cilpl3m MIChael W,ednth 
  (141 troops present for duty eqUipped) 
  (T olal ta$UJltlts 13) 
  6 • l-inch .,fled guns 
  13th BaneI)'. New York light Artillery 
  lieutenant William Whee\ef 
  ( II 0 troops pre$llnt for duty equipped) 
  (Tot~ 1 ta5ualtlts II) 
  3 x 3-lnch filled guns 
  Battery I, 1st Ohio light Artillel)' 
  Captain Hubert Dilger 
  (127 troops present for dUly eqUipped) 
  (Tolal CIIsualhes 13) 
  6. t2-pounder Napoleon guns 
  httel)' K, "t Ohio light Artlllel)' 
  ~ptalfl lewts Hectumn 
  (110 Iroops present for duty !!QUIpped) 
  (Tota' casualtieS 15) 
  3. 12-pounder Napoleon guns 
  Battery G, 4th Unlt, d Statu Artillery 
  lieutenant [ligen, Adolphus Banc(oli 
  (I 15 Iroops [}Ieselltlor dUly eqUIpped) 
  (Tota! casualties \7) 
  6. 12-poundtr Napoleon !Iuns 
  ----
  • 
  ~ 
  o 
  u 
  X 
  " • 
  E 
  o 
  "0 
  ~ • 
  £ 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E 
  « • 
  ~ 
  r 
  6S 
  
  ~ THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC 
  u 
  ~ 
  o • 
  E 2 
  o 
  0-• 
  £ 
  '0 
  ~ XII CORPS 
  < • 
  ~ 
  66 
  T
  he anomalous command structure within 
  XII Corps persisted over the battle's third day. 
  Major-General Henry Slocum continued to 
  perceive that he was a wing commander. In faCl, the 
  need for a wing commander, if il had ever existed, had 
  long since passed. 
  On July 3, Major-General Alpheus Williams 
  actually commanded the corps. On the prevIous 
  evening, when Slocum had learned that the 
  XII CORPS 
  Major-General Alpheu$ Starkey Williams 
  8 Staff aod Field Officers 
  First Division 
  Brogadler-General Thomas Howard Ruger 
  Second Division 
  8ngad,er-General John White Geary 
  XU Corp, Artillery 
  lleutenill\ fdwaftl 0 Muhlenberg 
  XII CORPS HEAOQUARTERS 
  PROVOST GUARD & ESCORT 
  Cos . A, B & 0, 10th Regiment Maine Valunlt e/lnfantry 
  Caplaln John Oa~ls Beardsley 
  169lroops prestnl (Of duly eqUipped 
  COl. 0 & L, 9th New York Volunteer RegIment 01 Cawilry 
  75 troops present (Of duty equipped 
  Brlgadler·General 
  Alpheus Starkey Williams 
  performed well at 
  Gettysburg, despilQ a 
  confusing command 
  Situation. He gaIned fame 
  after t he war by 
  publishing his wartime 
  letters. 
  tMOLLUS.Penn,yl".nla) 
  On the e"enlng of July 2, 
  two divisions from 
  XU Corps had been 
  ordered to the Union's 
  left flank, bul we" not 
  eng4lged. Due to some 
  excellent sl4lff work during 
  the night, by dawn ttM 
  corps had been r.l$sem-
  bled on Culp's Hltl. ~, 
  they would hold Iheir 
  ground and recerve ttl," 
  separate assault' from 
  Johnson'S ConfeMralU 
  on July 3, The r.bel 
  attack" although stoutly 
  d.lIvered, neVer Mf1'Ou~ 
  threatened Culp'. H'-
  
  Confederates had established a lodgement within the 
  Union hnes on Culp's HIli, he had replied , 'Well, drive 
  them out al dayhght . AI least he did ensure thaI Ihe 
  two dIVISions, which had moved Ihe prevIOus day to 
  support the Union left, returned to Culp's HIli 
  FollOWing Meade's counCil of war. Williams 
  laboured all night to organise an infantry assault to 
  reclaim Ihe lost hne of breastworks along the lower 
  secllon of Culp's HilI Some lime dunngthe night, while 
  Wilhams was meeting in the frOnt lines with Colonel 
  Colgrove, Ihe latter urged an immediate attack 
  Wilhams disagreed, 'We Will hold these posilions we 
  now have until morning. Then, from those hills back of 
  us. we Will shell hell oul of them' 
  XII CORPS - GETIYSBURG - July 3 
  ~
  x 
  """"". 
  , SIlIII 
  (18)4 
  "' ~ 
  x 
  ~
  '-
  Hili" 
  (1815 
  "' ~ 
  XII Corps - 1 sl Division 
  xxx 
  B
  y virtue of Williams' ascension 10 corps 
  command, Brigadier-General Thomas Ruger 
  oontJnued to command the lsi DiVISion on July 
  3 All three of hiS brigades had yet 10 engage The 
  prevIOUS day had been spent holding the Union nght 
  unlil summoned to the left to assist the Imperrlled 
  UnIOn flank The diVISIOn made a moonlit return march 
  to ftnd the Confederates In possession of the lower 
  secbOn of Culp's HIli Ruger Judged a nocturnal assault 
  UOWI5e He worked with Williams dunng the night to 
  arrange antllety support for a dawn attack 
  At 
  WILLIAMS 
  6 Slllll '" FoekI OfIIcers 
  e.9.502Itoops 
  , 
  I"7lh " .. 
  ~ 
  C 169trooP$ 
  "' 
  r-::. 'NY 
  ~ 
  c 751tOOpS 
  r::;::::::::7! 26 Pa 
  ~ C27\tOOpS 
  FtRST DIVISION 
  Brigadier-General Thomas Howard Ruger 
  tsl Brigade - c 1,834 troops 
  2nd Brigade - c 1,815 troops 
  3rd Brigade - c 1581 troops 
  daybreak Colgrove's Bflgade was forward 
  In 
  McAllister's Woods while the other two bngades 
  were aligned along the Baltimore Pike 
  c 
  .2 • ., 
  o 
  • 
  ~ 
  • o 
  u 
  X 
  u • 
  E 
  2 
  It. • " 
  "0 
  ~ 
  E ;; 
  • 
  ~ 
  ... 
  .7 
  
  c o 
  ';; 
  " 
  is -• 
  • 
  ~ a 
  u 
  x 
  u • 
  E 
  o 
  '0 
  ~ • 
  ~ 
  68 
  ~
  R"G" 
  , """ 
  "=-
  '-r-'" C 5 230 troop$ 
  X 
  ~
  MCDougall 
  , starr 
  c 1 834 (roops 
  "' 
  x 
  ~
  Co"~ 
  1 SIM! 
  C ' 58 1 lfOOO~ 
  "' 
  ~R"O"" 
  XII Corps - 1st Division - 1st Brigade 
  A
  fter the Chancellorsville Campaign, the terms 
  of enlistment for many 151 DivISion regiments 
  e~pired and the division's first two brigades 
  were consolidated The brigade lost its commander, 
  Brigadier-General Joseph Knipe, when that officer 
  was sent north to command a brigade of Pennsylvania 
  militia 
  The brigade's senior colonel. 
  Archibald 
  McDougall. ascended to brigade command. Although 
  McDougall 
  had 
  displayed 
  fighting 
  courage 
  at 
  Chancellorsvilte, while In command of the 123rd New 
  York, that battle was his only prevIous combat 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  Colonel Arehibald l. McOougall 
  5th Regiment Cormecl,cullnfantry VOlunteers 
  (Total casualties 7) 
  Colonel Wanen Wightman Packer 
  20th Regiment Connecticut Infantry Volumeers 
  (Total casualties 28) 
  Lieutenant-Colonel Wilham Burr Wooster 
  3rd Maryland Infantry Regiment 
  (Total Cilsuall,es 8) 
  Colonel Joseph M Sudsburg 
  t23r~ Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Washmglon County Regiment) (Total casualties 14) 
  L,eulenant-Colonel James Clarence Rogers 
  t45lh Regiment New York Stale Volunteers 
  (Slanton Legion) (Tolal casualheS 10) 
  Colonel Edward lovln9ston Puce 
  461h Refjm'enl Pennsylvania Volunlee' Infantry 
  (lol~1 casuallie~ 13) 
  Colonel James Levan SeUndge 
  experience. McDougall had no prewar military training 
  Thus the newly consolidated bngade marched north 
  under the command of an Inexpenenced leader The 
  1st Brigade participated in the diviSion's marching and 
  counter-marching dUring July 1 and 2 bul did not see 
  combat. Late on the night of July 2, when nearing Its 
  former position on Culp's Hill. it crossed the Baltimore 
  Pike and moved towards the south stope of Culp's HIli'S 
  lower crest. McDougall ordered two companies 10 probe 
  ahead while the rest of the brigade formed In two lines 
  When the pickets encountered rebels. the bngade 
  halted and remained in hne of battle unlll dawn 
  Stll Regiment Connecticut Infantry Volunteers 
  Colonel Packer 
  Cos A through K 
  20th Regiment Connecticut Infantry Volunteers 
  lleutenanl-Colonel Wooster 
  Cos_ A through K 
  3rd Maryland Infantry Regiment 
  Colonel Suosburg 
  Cos. A Ihrough K 
  123fO Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Washington County Regiment) 
  Lieu len3 ~I - Co lo~el Rogers 
  Cos A through K. 
  145th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Stanton l egion) 
  Colonel Price 
  Cos. A through K. 
  46th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  Colonel Selfridge 
  Cos A through K 
  
  • 
  ""-"-71 McDOUGAll 
  1 5taff 
  c , B14lrOOps 
  XII Corps - 1st Division - 2nd Brigade 
  T
  he 1S\ DIVISion's 2nd Brigade comprised three 
  regiments which had been performing rear·area 
  gamson duties 
  Because Its commander. 
  Bngadler-General Henry Lockwood was semor to 
  Brigadier-General Thomas Ruger corps commander 
  WIthams made L01:kwood's Brigade an Independent 
  command within Ihe , SI DIvIsion. This preserved 
  Lockwood's pride while permItting Ihe able and 
  experienced Ruger to relaln dIVISional command 
  On July 2. Ihe brigade saw bnef action when it 
  marched to the Unton teft and counter-attacked 
  against a force of rebels who were already retreatJng 
  1\ advanced tnumphantly towards the Peach Orchard 
  and reclaimed three abandoned Union guns Upon lIS 
  return to Ihe Union right, It found the Confederates In 
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  I ngallier-Gen,ral H. nry H. yu loc.wood 
  1st Maryland Potomac Home 8 ngade 
  (Toul QWi!bn 25) 
  Co«mel Wi/Jjam Pmt;/utey MalJlsby 
  1st Maryland Eastem Shore RegU'Tlenl 
  (TOI.II ta$Ual\le$ 104) 
  Colonel James Wallice 
  1501h Regiment New Yont State Voluoleers 
  (OuICheSs LfIgIOn) (lobi U$IJ~ 45) 
  C4IoneI Jo¥in HfIfIfY Kett;hllm 
  possession of Its breastworks. It deployed along the 
  Baltimore Pike and walled to take I[S place In the dawn 
  assault The , st Maryland Eastern Shore Regiment 
  dKl not reach the Pike untJllater In the morning of July 
  3 ThiS regiment was unique In the army bealuse Its 
  colonel as well as some others. were slave owners 
  Brigadi.,_General Heory 
  Hayes Lockwood was a 
  Mexlc;Jn War naval 
  veteran and instructor at 
  the Naval Acad.my. H. 
  rejoined the army in May 
  1861 but 'lid not see 
  combat uotil he marched 
  hIs troops to Gettys burg. 
  JUSA-MHI. C.rli.~) 
  , 5t Maryland Potomac Home Brigade 
  Colonel Maulsby 
  Cos A throI,Igtl K 
  1 sl Maryland Eastern Shore Regimenl 
  Colonel Wallace 
  Cos A tnrough It 
  I 50th Regimeot New York State Volunteers 
  (Dutchen Legion) 
  Colonel K,tdwn 
  Cos A lIwougll K 
  c o •• 
  . , 
  o 
  ;; 
  r 
  • 
  ~ 
  o 
  u 
  ~ 
  u 
  o 
  E 
  o " 
  ~ • " 
  "0 
  ~ 
  E .. • 
  ~ 
  .9 
  
  " 
  M , 
  o o ., 
  :~ 
  a 
  ~ 
  • 
  ~ 
  o " 
  X 
  o • 
  E 
  ~ .. • 
  £ 
  -0 
  ~ " 
  • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  70 
  • 
  3 staH 
  "'--r--'~ c, 1.61SlroopS 
  ~
  LOCKWOOO 
  "' 
  "' ~ 
  1 Maryland Potomac Hom .. 8rigada 
  Maulsby 
  C.&14 troops 
  L9J 
  1 Maryland Eastem Shore 
  Wallace 
  c.532 troops 
  XII Corps - 1st Division - 3rd Brigade 
  T
  he 1st Division's 3rd Brigade included some 
  of the army's best veteran soldiers. Under the 
  command of Thomas Ruger. the brigade had 
  fought hard and well at Cedar Mountain and Antietam. 
  At Chanceliorsvilie it had particularly distinguished 
  itself. Although surrounded on three sides, it drove 
  back successive Confederate charges at tremendous 
  cost, suffering 614 casualties. 
  With Ruger serving as divisional commander, 
  Colonel Silas Colgrove commanded the brigade on 
  2 and July 3. It shared the division's march to the 
  Union left on July 2 but did not engage. Upon 
  TH IRD BRIGADE 
  Colunel Silas Colgrove 
  211h Reqimeot Indiana Volunteer lofantry 
  (Total casualties. 110) 
  Lleutenant-Cotonel Joho R. Fesler 
  2nd Reglmenl Massachusetts Voluoteer Infantry 
  (Tolat casualties: 136) 
  lIeuleoant-Cotonel Charles Redingtoo Mudgel 
  Malor Charles ressenden Morse 
  13th New J~ rsty Volunteer Infantry Regiment 
  (Tolal casualhes. 21) 
  Colonel Ezra Ayres Carman 
  107th Regiment New Yor~ Slate Volunteers 
  (Campbell Guards) (Tolal wounded 2) 
  Colonel Nlfom Manum Craoe 
  3rd wisconsin Infantry Regiment (Iolal casualties: 10) 
  Colonel Wilham Hawley 
  returning to Culp's Hill, the brigade saw that the rebels 
  had occupied their vacated position. The brigade 
  moved into McAllister's Woods overlooking Rock 
  Creek during the night. Here it occupied a cramped, 
  U-shaped position with the 2nd Massachusetts on the 
  left, the 13th New Jersey in the middle, and Colgrove's 
  own 27th Indiana on the right. The 3rd Wisconsin 
  provided a brigade reserve. 
  The brigade's assignment for the dawn anack on 
  July 3 was to cross the Spangler meadow and attack 
  the 
  line of breastworks, if the enemy was 'not In 
  too great a force: The difficulties of conducting a 
  reconnaissance in force at first light. when the enemy 
  was in close proximity, soon became apparent 
  27th Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry 
  lieutenaot-Colonel Fesler 
  Cos. A through K. 
  2nd Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry 
  lIeutenanl-Colonel Mudge 
  Cos A through K 
  13th New Jersey Volunteer Infantry Regiment 
  Colonel Carman 
  Cos. A through K 
  1D7th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  (Campbell Guards) 
  Colonel Crane 
  Cos. A through K. 
  3rd Wisconsin Infantry Regiment 
  Colonel Hawley 
  Cos. A through K 
  
  XII Corps - 2nd Division 
  O
  n July 2 due to a s·ngulat blunder' two of the 
  2na DIVls.on s bngades got lost wh,le on the 
  march to re,nforce tile Umon left Meanwhile 
  By July 3, B rigadier-
  General John White 
  Geary' s Division had 
  reassembled on Culp's 
  Hilt II would hold the 
  right flank 01 the army. 
  G4Iary remained in 
  divisional command 
  through Ihe remainder of 
  the war. He later served 
  as govemor of 
  Pennsylvania. (MARS) 
  SECOND DIVISION 
  8ri9adier-General John White Geary 
  's: Br-gaoE - C 1 776 troops 
  2'10 Sngace - c 69T trooos 
  3'0 Bf'gace - c 1,119 trOOps 
  ~~ 
  ~ ~ln6f1"'OOp$ 
  '" ~-
  x 
  1">71~ 
  ~ 
  e-S91 trooclS 
  '" ~"-
  x 
  ~
  "-
  " ... 
  c.1119~ 
  '" ~-
  5 .. 
  '> 
  <; 
  ~ 
  C 
  N , 
  • 
  E-o 
  u 
  x 
  u o 
  E 
  o 
  "0 
  Q. • = 
  71 
  
  • 
  ~ • 
  ~ 
  .~ 
  CD 
  " -
  c o •• 
  . ;; 
  is 
  ~ 
  C 
  N , 
  • 
  ~ 
  <; 
  u 
  X 
  o • 
  E 
  £ o 
  ~ • = 
  1; 
  ~ 
  ~ • 
  ~ 
  >-
  72 
  DIVISIONAL HEADQUARTERS 
  PROVOST GUARD 
  Co. 8, 28th Regiment P,nnsylvani3 Volunteer Infanlry 
  27 uoops present fOf duty equipped 
  the diviSion's 3rd Bngade upheld the dIVISIOn's honour 
  by stoutly defending Culp's HIli By dawn 01 JUly 3 
  the entire dIVISion was reassembled In an Improvised 
  line covering the main crest of Culp's Hltl Here It 
  would receive a ferOCIOUs Confederate assault 'rom 
  Johnson's troops 
  XI I Corps - 2nd Division - 1st Brigade 
  A
  fter spending the evening of July 2 In tiring 
  marching and counter-marching, the rest of the 
  night of July 213 was used to occupy posillons 
  FIRST BRIGAOE 
  Colonel Chari" Candy 
  5th Ohio Volunteer Inl.mlry Regiment 
  (Tota' casualties 18) 
  Colonel Johfl Halliday Patnck 
  7th OhiO Volunteer Infantry ~Iment 
  (T OI~1 CUU~ltles 18) 
  Colonel William R. Creighton 
  29th OhiO Volunleer Infantry Regiment 
  (Total casualties 38) 
  Captain Wilber F Slevens 
  66th OhiO VOlunteer Infantry Regiment 
  (Tolal casualties 17) 
  Lleulenanl-Colonel Eugene Powell 
  28th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casualties 28) 
  Caplaln John Hornbuckle f lynn 
  147th Reglmenl Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casualties 20) 
  Lleutenant·CoIoneI Arlo Pardee Jr 
  atop the main crest of Culp's Hill. It was diffICUlt to ahgn 
  the regiments in the dark and rugged terrain while In 
  close proximity to the enemy. The 28th PennSylvania 
  and 7th . 29th and 66th Ohio provided support to 
  Greene's brigade. The 1471h Pennsylvama and 
  5th Ohio faced southeast towards the Pardee Field 
  5th Ohio Volunteer Infantry Regiment 
  Colonel PatrICk 
  Cos A through K 
  7th Ohio Volunteer Infantry Regiment 
  Colonel Creighton 
  Cos A through Ie 
  29th Ohio Volunteer Infantry Regiment 
  Captam Slevens 
  Cos A through K 
  66th Ohio Volunteer Infantry Regiment 
  lieutenant-Colonel Powell 
  Cos A through K. 
  28th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  Capt3m Flynn 
  Cos A & C through K. 
  147th Reg iment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  Lteutemnt-Colonel Pardee 
  Cos A through H 
  x 
  "'-=...,. CANOY 
  2 siaff 
  C.l 776 ItOOpS 
  
  XII Corps - 2nd Division - 2nd Brigade 
  A
  fter suffering the least of the 2nd Division's 
  bngades at Chancellorsville. the 2nd Brigade 
  arrived al Gettysburg on July 1 and took up a 
  reserve poslllOn The next morning its commander, 
  Bngadler-General Thomas Kane. though sick, rejOined 
  the uOil after making a hard Journey from Philadelphia. 
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  Colonel George A. Cobham, Jr. 
  29th Regllnent Pennsylvanta Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casualties 66) 
  Coloncl William R!ckards. Jr. 
  I09th Regiment Pennsylvanta Volunteer Infanlry 
  (T01lll cnualtlcs 10) 
  Cap/am Fredeflck LOlliS Glmber 
  Illth Reglfl18nt Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  (Total casualties 22) 
  Lleu/enan/-Colonel Thomos McCormICk Walker 
  x 
  Kane had heard about the impending batlie and 
  wanted to be with his men. However, he was so ililhat 
  bngade command alternated on July 2 and 3 between 
  himself and his senior colonel, the English-born 
  George Cobham, Jr. The 2nd Brigade, hke the 
  l si, spent the mght of July 213 struggling Into poSition 
  on Culp's HIli When finally aligned, it held a position 
  on the right flank of Greene's Brigade 
  29th Re9iment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  Colonel Rickards 
  Cos A through K. 
  109th Regim ent Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 
  Caplam Glmber 
  Cos A through K 
  l11th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Inf;ntry 
  liwle~nt-Coionel Wal~er 
  Cos A Ihrougll K 
  ~ CO'~M 
  3 staff 
  c 697 IrOOlls 
  "' 
  "' 
  "' 
  ~
  29 PeM5Vl'lam .. 
  R'eJ<aroS 
  c 351lroDp5 
  G~'" 
  c.1491roops 
  ~ 
  109 PelV15yivarna 
  ~ 
  111 Pennsytvarn' 
  ","" 
  e. 191 IrOOpi 
  , 
  XII Corps - 2nd Division - 3rd Brigade 
  W
  hile Ihe rest of XII Corps marched away to 
  confront an Imaginary threat on the Union 
  left, the 3rd Brigade remained on Culp's Hill 
  to reSist a determined Confederate attack On July 2. 
  the bI'.gade's tenaCity saved Ihe Union fight According 
  to Slocum. 'the failure of the enemy to gain possession 
  of our works' was due 'entirely to the skill of General 
  Greene and the heroic valor of his troops' At daybreak 
  on July 3, the weary brigade would again confront a 
  serious assault 
  -Ii • .g> 
  '" 
  u o 
  N , 
  o o •• ., 
  i5 
  u o 
  N , 
  • 
  ~ o 
  u 
  X 
  u • 
  E 
  o 
  "0 
  ~ • " 
  1> 
  § 
  < • 
  f. 
  73 
  
  ~ 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  M , 
  < •• 
  • ., 
  is 
  ~ 
  < 
  N , 
  • 
  ~ " 
  U 
  X 
  u • 
  E 
  ~ 
  ~ • " 
  "0 
  ~ 
  ~ • 
  ~ 
  0-
  74 
  x 
  3s18f1' 
  ~
  GREENe 
  I 
  ".""-
  III 
  III 
  III 
  III 
  III 
  r'XJ 60 New 'r'ortr. r'XJ 78 New York r'XJ l02 New Vorlc r'XJ 1J7 New YorIr. r'XJ 149 New YO\'k 
  ~ 
  Godard 
  ~ 
  Hammllf$lelfl ~ 
  SteglTllln ~ 
  l.eIand 
  ~ 
  Rand ... 
  ~!...' ~ 
  ",,-!-I ..",., 
  THIRD BRIGADE 
  Brlgadler-Gentral George Sears Gr .. ". 
  60Ih Regiment New York Siale Voillflll!efs 
  (Ogdtnbufgs Regtment) (Total ~suallie$ : 52) 
  Colonel Abel Godard 
  78th Reglmenl New York Slale Volunleers 
  (78th Highlanders) (Total casualties: 30) 
  lieutenant-Colonel Herbert von Hammerslei" 
  102nd Regiment New York SUle Volunteers 
  (Van Buren light Infantry) (Tolal casualties 29) 
  Captain Lewis R. Stegman 
  137th Regiment New Vorl! Stale Volunteers 
  (Total ClIsuathes: 137) 
  Colonel David Irerand 
  149\h Regiment New VOfk Stale Volunteers 
  (dill Onondaga Regiment) (Total casuallie$. 55) 
  Lieutenant-Colonel Charles 8. Randall 
  60th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  Colonel Godard 
  Cos A Ihrough K 
  78th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  Lltulel'lant·CoIof\e1 von Hammerstein 
  Cos A through K. 
  102nd Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  Captain Stegman 
  Cos A through K. 
  137th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  Color.el Ireland 
  Cos. A through K. 
  149th Regiment New York State Volunteers 
  Lltutenant·Colooel Randan 
  Cos A through K 
  l 
  General Williams intended the artillery to play a 
  dominant role by opening a tremendous bombard-
  ment, a\ daybreak, on July 3. They were to 'shell hell 
  out of them'. Two units were already in position during 
  daylight on July 2. Winegar's Battery had one section 
  on McAllister's Hill and one on Powers' Hill Here It 
  joined Knap's Battery. The other two battenes moved 
  from their park along the Baltimore Pike during the 
  night to lake a position on a rise just west of the pike, 
  300 yards southeast of the Spangler buildings 
  Battery M, ht New Yon light Artillery 
  Lieutenant Charles E. Winegar 
  (90 Iroops present for duty equipped) 
  (Total casualties: 0) 
  4 x l(}-poull(\er Parrott rined guns 
  Battery E, Knap's Pennsylvania Light Artillery 
  Lltt.lterl(lnt Charles A. Atwen 
  (139lroops presenl fOf duty eqUIPped) 
  (Total wOU4'lde<l 3) 
  6 J IO·pound,r ParrOIt fined guns 
  XII CORPS ARTILLERY BRIGAOE 
  Lieutenant Edwllrd D. Muhlenberg 
  Battery f , 4th United States Artillery 
  Lieutenant Sylvanus Tunmng Rugg 
  (89 troops ptnent for duty equipped) 
  (Total wounded' I) 
  6 x 12·pouflder Napoleon guns 
  Battery K, Sth United States Artillery 
  l ieutena-nt David H. KirlZle 
  (72 troops present for outy eqUipped) 
  (Tot~1 woullded S) 
  4 x 12·pounder Napoleon guns 
  
  THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC XII CORPS' BATTLES 
  Geary's and Ruger's Divisions 
  Johnson Repulsed - 0430-1100 hrs 
  G
  eneral Wilhams personally issued the order 
  to the corps chief of artillery. Lieutenant 
  Muhlenberg, to open fire at daybreak. A short 
  but intense bombardment from XII Corps batteries. 
  JOined by Rigby's Battery from the artillery reserve, 
  ensued Once the 26 guns completed the bombard-
  ment, the Union infantry were supposed to charge. 
  Instead came a Confederate assault. 
  The first attack followed the lines of assault from the 
  previous evening. Again. as Ihey had the previous 
  With all its units returned 
  overnight to the Cutp's 
  Hill area, XII Corps tried 
  to deliver an attack, 
  supported by an artillery 
  bombardment, al 
  daybreak on July 3. The 
  tIming of Johnson's own 
  Initial assault, planned 
  for the same time, WIIS 
  thrown out by the 
  pre-emptive Union attack. 
  For more than six hours, 
  the Corps fought 
  successfully to hold Its 
  pOSitions against two 
  further rebel attacks. 
  evening. Greene's men defended their breastworks 
  stoutly. Assisting them was the 66th OhiO, which 
  advanced to occupy a position at fight angles to 
  Greene's line. From this position the 66th poured 
  enfilade fire into the enemy. 
  A second attack came against Greene's centre and 
  nght. Three of Candy's regiments. which were in 
  reserve behind Greene's line, moved from the shelter 
  of a ravine to replace the front-tine units when they fan 
  out of ammunition. Once they had fired off their own 
  • • 
  E • '" • 
  ~ 
  <; 
  u 
  X 
  ~ 
  E 
  2 
  o 
  ~ • 
  £ 
  <; 
  ~ 
  E 
  « • • 
  ~ 
  75 
  
  • • 
  ~ .. -. 
  ~ 
  o o 
  X 
  ~ 5 
  o 
  0-
  o ;; 
  1; 
  ~ 
  E 
  « 
  o • 
  >-
  76 
  <,mmunUlon, Greene's men, who had renewed their 
  supply, returned Thus the defenders kept relatively 
  fresh forces constantly In the front line At anyone time 
  only about one-Ihird of the defenders manned the 
  breastworks. The defenders on the main summit of 
  Culp's HIli were never In serious trouble 
  A Ihlrd and final attack came from Ihe lower summit 
  of the hili 
  II was directed against Geary's right. 
  Simultaneously, the rebels made another charge 
  against Greene's centre and right. Here too the 
  defenders had ample reinforcements at hand to resist 
  Above: Once XII Corps 
  had re-occupied CUIP'i 
  Hili In strength, there was 
  IIttla IIkalihood that Ihe 
  Union infantry would 'all 
  to hold Its positions. 
  iAuthor. colillCllon) 
  RighI; The nlltural 
  slrength of XII Corps' 
  position mllde it virtually 
  unassailable. in addItion, 
  when Graane's front-lina 
  regimenlS ran low on 
  ammunition, rSiaNai' 
  from Candy's and 
  Lockwood's Brigades 
  were shuttlad back and 
  forth inlo tha firing line 
  atop Culp's Hili. 
  ...... 
  .---.. 
  .~ 
  these attacks Kano's Brigade and units belong,1"Ig to 
  Candy's Brigade defeated the Confederate efforts 10 
  advance across the Pardee Field 
  Even Shaler's 
  Brigade from VI Corps pul In a bnef appearance 
  Although the Confederates attacked gallanUy the 
  Issue was never in doubt 
  After the last attack failed, Colgrove receIVed orders 
  to attack the rebel left flank To do thiS, hiS men had to 
  charge across an open meadow at Spangler's SpmlQ 
  When the commander of the 2nd Massachusetts 
  received this order, he said, 'It IS murder ' So It prOved 
  Along with the 27th Indiana, the Massachusetts 
  regiment advanced north from McAllister's Woods 
  The Confederates easily repulsed them 
  XII Corj:!s' Casualties at Geltysbu(.9 
  July 3 1863 
  • 
  ''''181 ~~ -
  Infantry killed or wounded 795 
  Infantry misslnglcaplured 42 
  Artillery killed or wounded 1 
  Artillary mlssinglcaplured 0 
  j 
  r 
  i8I 
  I8i 
  ,"'" 
  
  THE ARTILLERY RESERVE 
  T
  hrough the mght Ihe army's artillery officers 
  worXed hard to repair damage, replenish ammu-
  nition chests, reorganise, and replace battered 
  units With fresh batteries from the Artillery Reserve. By 
  dayhght. 12 reserve baneries were in the hne. 
  Rigby's Battery A, Maryland Ught Artillery, 
  contributed to the daybreak bombardment of the 
  Confederate left Taft's Sih New York Independent 
  Battery maintained Ihe same poSillon on Cemetery HIli 
  thaI It had held on July 2 Two sections on the west 
  side of Ihe Baltimore Pike faced northeast towards 
  Benner's Hill and one section on the other side of 
  the pike faced west. Mason's Battery H, 151 US , and 
  Norton's Banery H, 1st Ohio, were In poslhon Just 
  behind the Evergreen Cemetery From thiS location 
  they could sweep the ground across which Pettigrew's 
  men would have to charge. 
  The reserve figured prominently in the action on 
  The Confederate artlilery 
  bombardment of the 
  Union centre c3ughtthe 
  commander of the 
  Feder31 Artillery Reservl, 
  Brig3dier-Generat Robert 
  OgdenTyter, returning to 
  the Union 3r1illery p3rk. 
  Tyler's horse was shot 
  out from under him, but 
  he survived the 1311. 
  (USAMHI, Cerll.Ie) 
  ARTILLERY RESERVE HEADQUARTERS 
  PROVOST GUARD 
  Co C, 32nd Regiment Muuchuutts VolUllteer Inbntry 
  CaptaLfiJoslthC full« 
  (45 troops preSfflt IOf duty equipped) 
  AMMUNITION TRAIN GUARO 
  Co •. 8, O, E, F, G,I &K 
  4111 Nlw J,ruy Volunteer Inf,ntry Regiment 
  Map- CharIK Ewmg 
  1'13 \l00JlS present lor duty eqU'Pi*I} 
  THE ARTILLERY RESERVE 
  Brigadler·General Robert Ogden Tyler 
  46 Staff and Field Officers 
  1 t Ordnance Detachment 
  FIRST REGULAR BRIGADE 
  C'ptatn Ounb~r R. Ransom 
  2 5tlft and Filld Officers 
  Battlry H, lit Unitad StatlS Artillery 
  lieutenant Chandler Pnce Eakml 
  lIeulenllnt Philip 0 Ma$on 
  (129 troops present lor duty eQUIpped) 
  6 ~ t2-poonder Napoleon 9uns 
  Sallenu F & K. 3rd United States Artillery 
  lIeutenaont John Graham TUHlbuit 
  (115 troops present lor duly e1:jUIPped) 
  6 ~ 12-poonder Napoleon guns 
  Battery C, 4th United States Artillery 
  L,eutenant (Yan Thomas 
  (95 troops present fOf duly eqUIPped) 
  6l 12·pounder Napoleon guns 
  Battery C, 5th United States Artillery 
  Lieutenant Gullan Verplaock Weir 
  (to. troops preseflt lor duty eQulpptd) 
  6 l 12-pounder Napoleon guns 
  July 3. Along Cemetery Ridge stood Ames' Battery G, 
  1st New York: Oow's Banery F, 6th Maine; Sterling'S 
  2nd Battery. Connecticut light Artillery; Hart's 15th New 
  York, Phillips' 5th Battery, Massachusetts UghtAAlliery: 
  and Thompson's Banenes C & F, Pennsylvania Ught 
  Artillery. When the rebel artillery bombardment 
  began. Fitzhugh'S Battery K. 1 5t New York Artillery. afld 
  Parson's Battery A, 1st New Jersey, moved to support 
  the Federal line on Cemetery RIdge 
  Because many corps artillery trains were well to Ihe 
  rear, numerous ballenes drew upon the wagons of the 
  Artillery Reserve Refernng 10 Ihe great artillery duel 
  preceding Plckelt's Charge. General Hunt reported , 'In 
  thiS emergency, the train of the Artillery Reserve, as 
  on so many other occaSionS, supplied all demands. 
  and proved liS great usefulness ' 
  Every gun in Ihe reserve enlered combat at 
  • 
  ~ • • • '" 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  :e < • 
  ~ 
  ... , 
  u • 
  E 
  o 
  ;,; 
  • " 
  <; 
  Gettysburg Durtng liS two days of lighting, the Artillery 
  77 
  
  • 
  l • : 
  '" 
  '" .. 
  " 
  ~ • 
  ~ 
  >-, 
  u • 
  E 
  o 
  -0 .. • " 
  FIRST VOLUNTEER BRIGADE 
  Uwt ... IIt-Colonel FfHm.u MeGlI~ 
  2 Start and flekl ()ftic;1tB 
  5th bitelY. Mauubvsetts Ughl Anill.", 
  {10tII New Yort Battery iltiidledJ 
  ~ 
  CM1es Apo/eUIn PhIiuos 
  (104 !rOO\» oreseN lor ckJty IQUIPCMd) 
  6 I J...nctI nfleo guns 
  9tII ~ttefJ , MMutiulsett:s Ugill. Artillery 
  CIotIl'I Jotn ~ 
  IJeutINll'll Rdwa Sweet ~ 
  (I!).! Woops ptaenllor duly ~ 
  6 l 12-D01.r'1(1er ~00le0n guns 
  1Sti1 Bittel)'. New Yor'/; Light Artillery 
  Cao~," Pitrodc: Hin 
  (70 frOOI)s present for d~ty eoU'pped) 
  ~ , 12-oounoer r..~ guns 
  Ball,ri" C & f , P,nlO5)'1'¥""a l"d'lIf'"d.~t LgllI ArtIllery 
  (.aotuI JaMes T~OSM 
  (1051fOOOS pI'fSeII! !or outy eowooed) 
  6 ~ ~ 
  ni!td g-..ns 
  SECOND VOLUNTEER BRIGADE 
  C;lptaill Elijah D. Tart 
  2 Su!f iI'ICl Fill(! WICef'S 
  btl.,., 8, ht ConnKticui Hnvy Artill,ry 
  CaotaYI A.bert f 
  Broo~er 
  (110 troops present fQ#' c..sty ~~ !00td) 
  6 • 4 !klc:h nnee guns 
  8.&tt"Y M, ht Connediarl Heavy ArtIII.ry 
  CaOIalrl f ~ 
  ... A.. Preln 
  (lID troops ort$el1t for 1M)' 1q1Jlpped) 
  "'. '" S-a'lC:Il n1Ied glJllS - At W~ter ifld not etlglged 
  21M! B.ttery. Connetti~ulli!l ht Artillery 
  CIotau'I .10M Wollam SleRng 
  (93 ITOOOs Dfes8l1 for aul)' equlOOtd) 
  .. K J~ 
  flf\e\j gun5 
  II 12-1X1t.nC1ef hcwttzer 
  SUI hll."" New lOft Ugl\t Artillel)' 
  Capt.wo EJ Joih 0 Tift 
  (146 trOOO$ presenI lor 6uty eqlllfIP'd) 
  6. ~ 
  PMl'Ott nfled II'JI'IS 
  Reserve had two offICers and 41 men killed. 15 officers 
  78 
  and 171 men wounded 15 miSSing There were also 
  THIRD VOLUNTEER BRIGADE 
  C~pU'. J~me$ f H ..... 
  2 SUoIf Ind r!lld 0!f.Jcws 
  I~ htlei"f. New H~mpshi,t Ught ArtlUff)' 
  CaoQin frfdlnck Mlson EOgei 
  (86 troops pr.senl for duty equ.pptId) 
  4 " 3-tnctI n'ltd guns 
  httery H" I$I 01110 Ughl Artillery 
  lJeutlNllt Geot9f W ... orton 
  (99 troopS prestI"It tOf CMy eouspped) 
  6 11 3-1flCh nlled guns 
  a~tt.nlS F & G. b! PRIIsytYani. Utili MiI~ 
  CiO:HI Rooen Bn.a RlCket'.$ 
  (1~ troopS (l(estnl tew duty tQUIDO!dl 
  6 ~ 3-tnctI nfled guns 
  hnery C. West Virginia light Artillery 
  t.JP~'" Wal'aoe Mil 
  (100 troops ~sent f{)/' duty eq;.noced) 
  ~ " 100000000er PilTOtl nfled guns 
  FOURTH VOLUNTEER BRIGADE 
  C~pt~ l n Roben Hughes fitzhllgh 
  2 Stiff atlO fltlcl Offiurs 
  Banery F. 6ttI Maine light Artillery 
  lieutenant Edwin BJinow Dow 
  (87 troops pruenllor duty eqUlOoed) 
  :. l 12-9OUndu lIoaPOleon glKls 
  Batlery .... Maryland light Artillery 
  Ciplaofl JaMeS H Rlgtry 
  (106 trooPS PRSenllor duty eoUlOPN) 
  6 • 3-tnctI nfled guns 
  1st httery. New Jene)' Light Artillery 
  lJtulwnl AuguSIIfI N PatSOIIS 
  {98 trooos preset'\ for' (luly eqUlPpecJ) 
  6 • I().POUtId6 Parrott oiled guns 
  Battery G, hI N.w Yort lithl Artillery 
  Capl."n Nelson Ames 
  {54 troops present for (luty tQUlpped) 
  6. 12-ooundtr NapoleOn gLM'ls 
  Battery K, I~ Hew Yort Ught Artillery 
  t,aptilfl Robttt Hughes f \tzhugn 
  (122 troopS preunl few duty ~l 
  6 • 3-tnctI nf\«! guns 
  316 horses lost 
  General Hunt proudly reported 'It wi be seen &nat 
  the ArtIllery Reserve 
  bore, as In all the campa.gns '" 
  the Army of the POfomac. Its ful shaI'e and nlOl'$ '" 
  the losses' 
  
  THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC 
  THE CAVALRY CORPS 
  O
  n the evening of July 2. army commander 
  Meade held his celebrated council of war with 
  his senior commanders. The fact thai the 
  commander of the Cavalry Corps. Major.General 
  Alfred Pleasanton, did nol participate in the voting 
  10 deCide strategy is indicative of the cavalry's 
  subordinate role in Meade's plan. Meade expected the 
  nexl Confederate blow to strike his centre. He gave 
  Pleasanton the assignment of keeping his flanks 
  secure. 
  On July 3 lhe Federal cavalry corps had largely 
  recovered from ils previous dispersal. An exceplion 
  was Buford's Division, which Pleasonton allowed to 
  move off to Westminster, some 30 miles away, for rest 
  and refit at the railhead supply base, Only Merritt's 
  Reserve Brigade, which had not fought in the division's 
  July 1 battles, remained Within recall distance, Merritt 
  received orders at around noon on July 3 to move 
  from Emmitsburg, some 10 miles away, to support 
  Kilpatrick on the army's left flank, 
  Pleasanton aSSigned the 2nd DiviSion the task of 
  guarding the right flank During July 2, elements of the 
  2nd Division had occupied some of the ground around 
  Bnnkerhoffs Ridge, Here Mcintosh's Brigade had 
  skirmished With Walker's Stonewall Brigade 
  By 
  occupying the attention of a full Confederate brigade, 
  the cavalry had reduced the number of enemy 
  available for the nocturnal assaults against Culp's Hill. 
  On July 3, Gregg's two brigades were to stretch from 
  CAVALRY CORPS 
  Major-General Alfred A. Pleasonton 
  27 Siaff and Field Officers 
  first OIfision 
  Brigadler·General John Buford 
  Second Division 
  Brigadler-Gener~1 DavlQ McMurtrie Gregg 
  Third OIvlslon 
  Bngadlef·Genml Hugh Judson Kllpatflck 
  Clvllry Corps HorJe Artillery _ 1st Brigade 
  ~t.1on JII1Ie.Ji M Robertson 
  e.v.lry Corpl Horse Artillery _ 2nd Brig3de 
  Ciptlm Jotm C Tidball 
  Major-General Alfred 
  Pleasanton would himself 
  play no role In the (lylitnts 
  of July 3. He performed 
  poorly at Gettysburg. By 
  failing to provide General 
  Meade with accurate 
  intolligQm;e, hll did not 
  fulfil the cavalry's 
  primary role of 
  reconnaissance, 
  (USAMHI, Carlisle) 
  CAVALRY CORPS HEADQUARTERS 
  ESCORT 
  Co, I, 1st Maine Cavalry Regiment 
  Captain Const.mtone Taylor 
  (30 troops present for duty eqUipped) 
  Wolfs Hill to the intersection of the Low Dutch Road 
  and the Hanover Road , Custer's Brigade, belonging to 
  the 3rd DiVision, was also at this intersection. Once 
  Brigadier-General David Gregg's 2nd Division relieved 
  it, it had orders to move to the army's opposite 
  flank, Pleasanton assigned Brigadier-General Judson 
  Kilpatrick the duty of guarding the army's left flank. 
  Pleasonton expected this aggressive commander to 
  take advantage of any opportunity that presented itself 
  on this flank, 
  Although, compared to past operations, the Union 
  cavalry corps was better able to mass its strength during 
  the summer of 1863, a number of units continued to be 
  drained In order to provide ancillary functions. Meade's 
  own headquarters force Included the Oneida Cavalry 
  for use as orderlies and couriers and an escort 
  comprising Regu!ars detached from various regiments 
  in Merritt's Brigade and portions of the 1st, 2nd and 6th 
  Pennsylvania Cavalry. When Meade's headquarters 
  became an unintended target of the great Confederate 
  bombardment, the squadron of the 6th Pennsylvania losl 
  21 horses killed, wllh most of the rest wounded 
  A number of cavalry detachments also operated 
  away from the main battlefield. Troopers 01 Huey's 
  79 
  
  THE CAVALRY CORPS - GETTYSBURG - July 3 
  ~
  x 
  ,~. 
  5 St.l'f 
  , 1.155 
  , 
  r-:::;;jjI 'N> 
  ~C35 
  x 
  P\.~SONTON 
  27 Stall """ F.eId ~ 
  ell 270 trooos 
  "' 
  r-:::;;jjI , ,. 
  ~ JO_ 
  [::;iiiI 
  G~9 
  8 st~ 
  C 1 252 
  J" HA 
  ,-, 
  L __ ...l '" 
  8ngade guarded a supply depot at Manchester It 
  frustrated one young soldier, who wrote. The finng IS 
  gerung heaVier all the time I almost wish they would 
  send us there. lor I hate to hear a battle gOing on and 
  not partake of lIS dangers ' 
  While movmg to lIs asstgned posJ\!on on the Umon 
  left flank a CIVIlian lold Mernn that a rebel forage train 
  was passIng through Fairfield some elghl mIles away 
  80 
  Merntt chose to send four squadrons of hiS largest 
  regiment the 6th U S under the commanc of II.la,O( 
  Starr. to capture It Starr unwIsely dl ... tOed h,S forte 
  m an efton to trap the traIn 
  Then one oror'l9 
  unel(~tedly encountered OPPOSltlOl'l from v'rg n a 
  cavalry 
  Starr had 
  stIrred up Grumble Jones 
  entire bngade The Coolederates COlInter-attac. .. ~ 
  vigorously compelling Starr to comm,t h.s 01'0" 
  cotumn In a saCrifiCial charge 
  By the lime thtJ 
  combat ended the regulars had Iosl 242 casualtIeS 
  
  Cavalry Corps - 1 sl Division 
  J 
  vly 2 had seen Brigadier·General John Buford's 
  1st Oivislon operating on the Union left, some 
  three-quarters of a mile west of little Round 
  Top From dawn until well past noon, dismounted 
  troopers skirmished with rebel infantry along the 
  Emmitsburg Road. 
  Although the diVision had suffered about a five 
  percent loss rate on July 1. It remained an effective 
  fightlng force. Thus, it is surprising that its heretofore 
  151 DIVISION 
  8rigadier-GGner~1 John Buford 
  ( first two brigades to dlvlsionallralns - not engaged on July 3) 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  ColoR~1 William Gamble 
  81h Cavalry Reglf11enl IIlir.ols VOlunteers 
  (Tolal casualties. 7) 
  Major John LOUrie 8.evtrld9t 
  12th Ca~alry Reglmenllllil"lOls Volunl~~r$ 
  (Tolal casuallies: 20) 
  Colon~ George Herwy Chapmiln 
  ltd Reglfllel1t IndiaN ~Iry (45th Volunteers) 
  (Toul cuuailies. 32) 
  Colonel George Henry Chapman 
  8th New yort. Volunteer Cavalry Regiment 
  (Total casuailles: 40) 
  Lieulenant·Colonel Wilham Lester Markell 
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  Colon,1 Thomas C. Devin 
  Esco" 
  Co L. 6th New Yori!. Cavilry Regunent 
  Captain William Thompson 
  (35 troops present for duty eqUIPped) 
  61h New York Volunteer Cavalry Regiment 
  (Tolal casualties. 9) 
  Major William eU,OI\ Beardsley 
  91h New Yorio: Volunteer Cavalry RegllTlent 
  (Total casualties 11) 
  Colonel W,I~am Sacken 
  11th RegIment Pennsylvania Clvalry (162nd Volunteers) 
  (Total mlssl~/caplured 4) 
  Colorwl JOSiah Holcomb KeUogg 
  3rd Rtg,mlnl West Vifglma Cavalry 
  (Total mlSsong/caplured 4) 
  Capl • ." Seymour Beach Conger 
  RESERVE BRIGADE 
  arl,.dler-Glnlfat Wully Merrln 
  DIVISIONAL HEA DQUA RTERS 
  ESCORT 
  Ca. I, 151 MaIn, C~yalry Regimenl 
  Lll!IJltflant-Colonoel Charles Henry Smith 
  (30 troops preS8flt for duly equtpped) 
  Brlgadler-Gener .. ' Jonn 
  Buford's Inel(pllcable 
  departure from the battle 
  on its second day gives 
  rise to the ,"peculation 
  that hI was already 
  suffering from the illness 
  that would Iud to his 
  dealh lale in 1863. 
  (VSAMHI, Carlisle) 
  FIRST DIVISION 
  Brigadier-General John Buford 
  1 sl Brigade - c.l.S01 troops 
  2nd Brigade - c. l ,IS5 troops 
  Reserve Brigade - c.l .079 troops 
  highly aggressive commander should have asked 
  Pleasonton for permission to depan the field. Buford 
  wanted 10 rest and refit the two brigades that had 
  fought on July 1 and judged that he could not do this 
  unless he had access to the diVisional trains. Equally 
  curious is the fact thai Pleasonton assented. 
  At about 0900 hrs Gamble·s Bngade rode off. A few 
  hours later DeVin's Brigade followed. Only one 
  squadron of the 9th New York Cavalry remained to 
  screen the flank of Sickles' III Corps. The commander 
  of Battery A. 2nd U.S. Artillery , Lieutenanl John Calef, 
  spoke for most of the command in wondering why they 
  were turning their backs to the sound Of the guns 
  'Notwithstanding the severe work of the 1st, every 
  one showed hImself ready for a contmuation on the 
  morning of the 2d ' 
  .~ • 
  ::E 
  Q 
  ., 
  
  .-"'''"'3 BUFORO 
  c o •• 
  ·s 
  is 
  " -
  ~ 
  u 
  ~ 
  troops 
  4 st~ff 
  c.3,951 tI'OOp$ 
  • 
  [:.iiI 
  Merntt 
  4 staff 
  c 1.317 troops 
  I 
  Reg,ments 
  ~ 
  Cavalry Corps - 1 st Division - Reserve Brigade 
  u 
  ~ 
  I o • 
  E 
  ~ 
  ~ -
  o B
  rigadier-General Wesley Merritt's Reserve 
  Brigade had not participated in the division's 
  epic stand on July 1. It had been performing 
  scouting and guard duty in the army's left rear around 
  Mechanicsburg, Maryland, about 18 miles southwest 
  Brigadier-General Wesley 
  Merritt, 29, attended West 
  Point, and served with the 
  2nd Dragoons in Utah. 
  After an error-ridden 
  sojourn at Gettysburg, he 
  excelled OIl his work and 
  eventually rose to 
  command the Cavalry 
  Corps. (U.S. Na tion~t 
  Arctllvu) 
  of Gettysburg. On July 2 it moved to Emmitsburg, 
  10 miles south of the action. Finally. at around noon 
  of July 3, the brigade received orders to join General 
  Judson 
  Kilpatrick 
  as that officer probed the 
  Confederate right nank. During the march, Merritt 
  detached four squadrons of the 6th U.S. on its ill·fated 
  mission to Fairfield. The rest of the brigade reached 
  the field at aboul 1500 hrs. 
  Operating under the direction of Kilpatrick, the 
  brigade deployed just east of the Emmitsburg Pike. 
  about 300 yards west of Farnsworth's Brigade. Here. 
  unlike the terrain confronting Farnsworth. the ground 
  82 
  was relatively open. After some 90 minutes of 
  RESERVE BRIGADE 
  Brigadier·General Wesley Merritt 
  6th Pennsyl~ania Ca~a l ry Regiment (70th Volunteers) 
  (Tolal casualt'es' 12) 
  Major James Henry Haseltine 
  1st Untied States Ca~alry Regiment 
  (Tolal casuill1tes: 15) 
  Capla,n Richard S,C. Lord 
  2nd United Stales Cavalry Regiment 
  (Total casualties' 17) 
  Capta,n Theophllus FranCIS Rodenbough 
  5th Unlte.d Slates Cavalry Regiment 
  (Total casualties. 5) 
  Captain Juhus Wilmot Mason 
  6th United States Cavalry R~'ment 
  (rIOt al Gettysburg) 
  Major Samuel H Starr 
  ineffectual skirmiShing, Merritt advanced up the pike at 
  about 1630 hrs. Covered by the fire of Captatn Wilham 
  Graham's 3-inch rifles, the troopers advanced and 
  drove pickets belonging to the 9th Georgia from the 
  Kern house and its outbuildings. A mounted charge 
  by the 5th U.S. followed up this success. However. 
  additional Confederate units shifted to oppose Memtt 
  and to prevent the troopers from gaining a Slgntficant 
  lodgement. Merritt observed the action and deCided 
  that he should dismount his command. This dects10n 
  negated any advantage the cavalry had versus 
  Confederate infantry. In addttion, the rebels received 
  fire support from two batterias. The combined infantry 
  
  t'lnd artillery fire stopped Merritt's advance Then, more 
  Confederates descended from the slope of Big Round 
  Top to assail Merritt's right flank The aUack rolled up 
  the Union hne and sent the troopers back to their start 
  hne Dunng thiS action the bngade lost about 50 men 
  By 1700 hrs, Merritt's effort ended, later Farnsworth 
  would conduct hiS death charge across broken terrain 
  to the brigade's right. Thus, Farnsworth, like Merritt, 
  would confront the undivided attenllon of the enemy. 
  Kilpatrick had notably faited to co-ordinate the two 
  brigades Despite Merritt's disappointing debut as a 
  brigadier-general. he replaced Buford after that 
  officer's Ulness and death later in the year. 
  x 
  6th Pennsylvania Cavalry Regiment (70th Volunleer,) 
  MajOr Haselhne 
  Cos A through D. r through H ,\ K Ihfough M 
  1$1 United States Cavalry Regiment 
  Captain lord 
  Cos A through E. G through I ,\ l and M 
  2nd United States Cavalry Regiment 
  Captain Rodenbough 
  Cos. A through M 
  5th United States Cavalry Regiment 
  Captam Mason 
  COS A \llfough M 
  ~ M'RRIIT 
  4 '1811 
  c.l,311lroops 
  III 
  III 
  III 
  III 
  III 
  HIISeline 
  lord 
  Rodet1bougll 
  MasorI 
  ~
  6P,"""""".~ ,"' ~ '"' 
  ~ '"' 
  c,242 troops 
  e 362 II'OOI>S 
  c 401 b'OOII$ 
  C 306l1OOp. 
  ,". 
  (detached) 
  ~
  ."' 
  I 
  I 
  Cavalry Corps - 2nd Division 
  B
  rigadier-General David Gregg's diVision, which 
  took the field al Getlysburg. comprised two 
  brigades wtth nine regimenls, an independent 
  Company known as the Purnell Legion and an 
  attached artillery secMn, These latter two formations 
  had JOlned the division by chance. Captain William 
  Rank's secllon had been guarding the ratlroad bndge 
  over the Monocacy River at Fredenck when the 
  SECOND DIVISION 
  Brigadier-General David MtMurtrle Gregg 
  1$\ Bngade - c t .292 troops 
  2nd Brlgad. - del~ched 
  lrd Bngade - c 1.252 troops 
  The modest and capable 
  Brigadier-General David 
  McMurtrie Gregg was an 
  unsung hero on July 3 at 
  Gettysburg. Despite thl. 
  lack of recognition at the 
  time, he went on to 
  command the Cl valry 
  Corps on three occl.ions 
  in 1864. Gregg Ihen 
  reverted to dlvll.ional 
  command until he 
  resigned In 1865. H, 
  retired to farm In hl& 
  native Penn&ylvanla. 
  (USAMHI, Carnlle, 
  g 
  " 
  ;; 
  i5 
  ~ • 
  N 
  I 
  ~ 
  o 
  U 
  ~ 
  ;;; 
  > • 
  U • 
  ~ 
  0-
  I 
  u • 
  E 
  o 
  '0 .. • 
  ;; 
  '0 
  § 
  '" • 
  ~ 
  0-
  
  o 
  .2 • ., 
  o 
  ~ 
  o 
  N , • 
  !' 
  o 
  u 
  t-
  ~ • 
  u 
  l' 
  >-, 
  o • 
  E 
  B 
  ~ • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  "0 
  ~ 
  E 
  < • 
  ~ 
  >-
  84 
  2nd OIVISION 
  B rlgad!.r.Gene r~' David McMurtrl, Gr.gg 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  Colonel John B. Mcintosh 
  SECOND BRIGADE 
  (Brigade at Westminster - nol present at Gettysburg) 
  Colonel Pennock Hu.y 
  2nd New York Volunteer Cavalry Rf9lment 
  lIeutenant·Colonel Otlo Harhaus 
  4th Hew Yorio; Volunteer Cavalry RegimefU 
  lieul.nant-Coionel AlI9ustus Pruyn 
  6th Reglment Ohio Volunteer Cavally 
  Major William Stedman 
  8th Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry (89th Volunteers) 
  Captain Wilham A Corrie 
  THIRD BRIGAOE 
  Colonel J. Irvin Gregg 
  1st Maine Cavalry Regiment 
  (Total casual118s' 5) 
  l ieutenant·Colonel Charies Henry SmIth 
  10th New YOfk Volunteer Cavalry Regiment 
  (Total casualtIH' 9) 
  MaiOI' Mathew Henry AYffY 
  4th RegIment Pennsytvilll3 C~itlry (64th Volunteers) 
  (Tolal killed. 1) 
  l ieutenant·Colonel William Emile Doster 
  16th Regiment PennsyNaOla Cavalry (16tst Volunteers) 
  (Total ca$ualties: 6) 
  Lieutenant-Colonel John Kincaid Robison 
  Confederates marched north. Ordered back to 
  Annapolis, the section had marched with Company A 
  of the Pumell Legion throogh CooksvIlle. Maryland. 
  Here they had almost been captured by Stuart's 
  cavalry. The following day they encountered Mcintosh's 
  Brigade and resolved to remain with that formation. 
  July 2 found the division moving to the intersection 
  DIVISIONAL HEADQUARTERS 
  ESCORT 
  Co. A, ht Regiment Ohio Voluntur Cavalry 
  Captalll Noah Jones 
  37 Iroops present for duty equipped 
  of the Low Dutch Road and Hanover Road about 
  three and a half miles east of Gettysburg Here 
  protected by an advanced Infantry skirmish hne of the 
  9th Massachusetts, the troopers dismounted to allow 
  their horses 10 graze. It was a welcome rest The tnals 
  and tnbulauons endured over the past weeks had 
  depleted men and horses alike. The 3rd Pennsylvania, 
  for example. had 384 men but only 322 serviceable 
  horses. When General David Gregg learned that the 
  infantrymen were assigned to another sector, he 
  ordered his COUSin, Irvin Gregg. to replace them wl!h 
  the 10th New York Cavalry. The New Yor1<ers went 
  into position astride the Hanover Road. Mindful of hiS 
  assignment to cover Meade's right flank, Gregg had 
  the 16th Pennsylvania extend the picket line to the 
  left all the way to the slopes of Wolf HIli Further to 
  the rear, Mcintosh posted a section of Captain Rank's 
  battery on some high ground. 
  The 10th New York skirmished durIng the afternoon 
  until the 2nd Virginia aggressively moved down from 
  Brinkerhoffs Ridge at about 1800 hrs. Even though 
  they were armed with Spencer repeaters, the New 
  Yorkers failed to offer much resistance They retired 
  hastily, lOSing two killed, four wounded, and three 
  captured. The retreat cleared the field for Rank's two 
  3-inch rines, which now fired their first shots of the war 
  in anger. Gregg ordered Mcintosh to advance to stem 
  the rebel advance. A brief struggle over a contested 
  fence line ensued and the rebels retired. 
  xx 
  ,-'--". Mclnlosh 
  7.tafl 
  c 1.292 Itoops 
  I 
  ReQlments8 
  3 Pa HA 
  • 
  2~ees 
  S2I1QOP$ 
  8 slall 
  c.2.S10 UOOpS 
  ~
  GREGG 
  I 
  x 
  ~ ~~I 
  I 
  ~
  x 
  'G"" 
  8,tall" 
  (: 1 263 trOOPS 
  I 
  
  Cavalry Corps - 2nd Division - 1 st Brigade 
  W
  hen the Cavalry Corps came into being in 
  February 1863, Colonel John Mcintosh 
  received a brigade In Averill's Division. The 
  Colonel John Baillie 
  Mcintosh was the son of 
  an officer killed in the 
  Mexican War. HII was a 
  'born fighter. 3 strict 
  disciplinarian, II dashing 
  leader, and iii polished 
  gentleman', 
  (U S Nalional Archiy, .. ) 
  brigade fought well at Kelly's Ford in March but did nol 
  participate in the Chanceliorsvilie Campaign When 
  Hooker sacked Averill , Mcintosh maintained his 
  Cooglesslon,,1 Medal of Honor 
  Name; Wllhilm E Miller 
  Rank: Caplam 
  Unit: CO H. 31d Regiment Pennsylvama Cavalry 
  Dala: July 3 1863 
  Citation: Without orders, led iii charge of hiS squadron upon (hoe 
  flank 01 the enemy, checked hiS atlack, and cut off arid 
  dispersed the rear of h,s column 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  Colonel John B, Mclnto$h 
  1st Maryland Regiment of Cavalry 
  (Tolal casualties 3) 
  lieutenant-Colonel Jamas Monroe Deems 
  lsi Regiment Massachusells Volunleer cavalry 
  (detached to right flank) 
  (Tolal casuailies' unknown) 
  Lieutenant-Colonel GrNly Stevenson Cunls 
  Purnell Legion (Maryland) 
  (Total casualties: 0) 
  Caplam Robert Emmel Duvall 
  1st New Jersey Regiment of Cavalry (16th Volunteers) 
  (Total wounded 9) 
  Major Myron Holley Beaumont 
  1st Regllnent Pennsylvania cavalry (44th Volunteers) 
  (Total miSSlnglcaplUred' 2) 
  Colonel John P. Taylor 
  3rd Reglmenl Pennsylvama Cavalry (60th Volunteers) 
  (Total casualties; 21) 
  lieutenant-Colonel Edward S Jones 
  3rd Pennsylvama Heavy Artillery (152nd Volunteers) 
  (Total casualties' 0) 
  Captain William 0 Rank 
  Section wilh 2 x 3-inch nned guns 
  friendship With the now 
  discredited general. This, 
  coupled with his Florida birth and his conservative 
  democratic politics, probably caused hiS demotion to 
  I 
  1 Penn5y!V3nCll 8 
  3 Pa HA 
  Taylor 
  • 
  2 Pieces 
  c3SS troops III 
  c.52lrooos 
  ~ 
  3 Pennsylvania 
  ...,,, 
  c.3351!QOPS 
  • 
  ~ • 
  ~ ". 
  m -• -
  o o "w ", 
  i5 
  ~ 
  o 
  N 
  • 
  1.' 
  o 
  u 
  '" 
  ~ 
  > • 
  U • 
  ~ 
  >-
  I 
  o • 
  E 
  £ o 
  ~ • 
  £ 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E ;, 
  1! 
  >-
  85 
  
  c o 
  '; 
  '> 
  Q 
  'l' 
  M , 
  • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  U 
  ~ 
  ~ • 
  U • 
  ~ 
  ... , 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  o 
  ~ • " 
  '0 
  E 
  ~ • 
  ~ 
  .. 
  regimen , .. comm and However when the brigade 
  leader, Colonel Percy Wyndham, receIVed a wound 
  at Brandy Station. Mcintosh returned to bngade 
  command. Thus, he had a mere three weeks to 
  fam~l8nse himself with his oommand before Gettysburg 
  After daybreak on July 2. the brigade entered 
  Hanover. the recent scene of a fight between Stuart 
  and Kilpatrick After a rest, It moved to the Intersection 
  of lhe low Dutch Road and the Hanover Road, about 
  three and a half miles east of Gettysburg. At 1900 hrs. 
  two squadrons of 'he 3,d Pennsylvania. two 
  squadrons of the 1 sl New Jersey and the Purnell 
  Legion moved west along the Hanover Road 10 relieve 
  the 10th New York. which had been sklmllshlng with 
  uMs of the Stonewall Bngade. A brief struggle ensued 
  in which the 3rd Pennsylvania lost one wounded and 
  three captured. Dusk put an end to the fighting. 
  Cavalry Corps - 3rd Division 
  T
  he 3rd Cavalry DiVISion had a sharp skirmish 
  With Stuart's troopers at Hanover, 15 miles east 
  of Gettysburg , on June 30. After the rebels 
  DIVISIONAL HEADQUARTERS 
  ESCORT 
  Co. c, 1st Regiment Ohio Volunleer C ~v~lry 
  ~lalfl ~mueI N St~nfooj 
  4 1 troops present fOf outy eQl/lpped 
  skilfully broke contact. the diVision spent July 1 
  searctung the area between Hanover and East Berlin 
  HaVing receive<! orders on July 2 to rejoin the main 
  army, the diviSion marched towards Hunterstown. 
  Here It skirmished With Hampton's men. That night the 
  dIVision Withdrew to Two Taverns, five miles southeast 
  of Gettysburg At about 0800 hrs on July 3. the diVISion 
  marched towards the Emmitsburg Road . where It was 
  to secure the army's left flank. 
  THIRD DIVISION 
  8rigildier-General Hugh Judson Kilpatrick 
  1st Bng~de - c.l ,924 troops 
  2nd Bngade - c 1,933 troops 
  1st Maryland Regiment of Cavalry 
  Ueuten¥ll-ColMtl Deems 
  Cos. A 11v0llgh L 
  Purnell Legion (Maryland) 
  Capl~n 0waII 
  Compmy"'-
  1st New Jersey Regiment of Cavalry (16th Volunteers) 
  M~to' Be;JUmonl 
  Cos. A through D. f H. I. K 8. M 
  1st Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry (~h Volunteers) 
  Colonel Taylor 
  Cos. A through G, I through M 
  3rd Reg iment Pennsylvania Cavalry (SDth Volunteers) 
  lllUlenant-Colonei Jones 
  Cos. A through M 
  3rd Pennsylvan ia Heavy Artillery (152nd Volunteers) 
  Caplllll R~nk 
  I SectoOCl 
  Brigadier-General Judson 
  'Kill Cavalry' Kilpatrick 
  was a diminutive and 
  highly aggressive man. 
  A graduate of West Point. 
  his typical cavalier's 
  ambition and 
  self-promotion led him 
  to both dashing 
  successes ~nd foolhardy 
  losses. 
  (USAMHI, C.rlisle) 
  r.l!.J'-.:~ KILPATRICK 
  3 staff 
  e.1.859 :rooos 
  
  Cavalry Corps - 3rd Division - 1 st Brigade 
  A
  fter spending July 1 on a (utile search for 
  Stuart's cavalry, 
  the brigade moved 10 
  Hunterstown, 
  five 
  miles 
  northeast 
  of 
  Brigadier-General Elcn 
  Jonn Farnsworth, 26, had 
  been eJlpelied from 
  college for a disastrou s 
  prank that killed a fellow 
  student. His appointment 
  to Ihe staff of his uncle's 
  cavalry regiment 
  launched him on a brief, 
  but promising, wartime 
  career. (USAMHI, Carlisle) 
  Gettysburg. The next day it participated on the fringes 
  of Custer's fight against Hampton's Brigade, where it 
  apparently spent most of its effort trying to locate 
  and capture a reported Confederate wagon Irain. It 
  then moved across the rear of the Union army to take 
  station on Ihe Union left 
  Congressional Medal of Honor 
  Name: Williams Wells 
  Rank: Major 
  Unit: 1St Vermont Cavalry Regiment 
  Date: July 3 1863 
  Citation: Led the second bal\ation of his regiment In a 
  darmg Charge. 
  III 
  ~
  5NeWYOrk 
  Hammond 
  c 420 lroopS 
  I 
  III 
  ~ 
  18 Pennsylvania 
  Brinlon 
  c.509 lroops 
  I 
  FIRST BRIGADE 
  Brigadier-General Elon John Farnsworth! 
  Successor unknown 
  5th New York Volunteer Cavalry Regiment 
  (Tolal killed· 1) 
  Major John Hammond 
  t8th Regiment Pennsytvania Cavalry (t63rd VotUn1eers) 
  (Total casualties: 14) 
  Lieutenant-Colonel Wilham Penn Brinton 
  1st Vermont Cavalry Regiment 
  (Total casualties: 65) 
  Lieutenant-Colonel Addison Webster Preston 
  1st Regiment West Virginia Cavalry 
  (Tolal casualties: 12) 
  Colonel Nathaniel Pendleton Richmond 
  5th New York Volunteer Cavalry Regiment 
  Malar Hammond 
  Cos. A through M. 
  18th Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry 
  (163rd Volunteers) 
  lieutenant-Colonel Brinton 
  Cos. A Ihrough M 
  1st Vermont Cavalry Regiment 
  Lieutenant-Colonel Preston 
  Cos. A through M. 
  151 RE!gimE!nt WE!SI Virginia Cavalry 
  Colonel Richmond 
  Cos. B through H, l.M & N. 
  FARNSWORTH 
  1 Slaff 
  c.I.924Imops 
  III 
  III 
  ~
  ,ve'monl 
  PresIon 
  c.600 Iroops ~ 
  1 WeSl Vlrg,ni" 
  Richmond 
  C 395 IfOOjlS 
  I 
  " 
  < 
  .2 •• •• 
  o 
  ~ 
  ,:; 
  I 
  e-o 
  u 
  '" • 
  > • 
  u • 
  C' 
  I 
  u • 
  E 
  £ o 
  Q. • 
  S 
  '0 
  § 
  ~ • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  87 
  
  ~ • 
  .g' 
  '" 
  "0 
  c 
  N 
  I 
  c o ·w ., 
  is 
  ~ 
  I • e-o 
  u 
  ~ 
  ~ • 
  u • 
  ~ 
  >-
  I 
  u • 
  E 
  o 
  ~ • " 
  "0 
  § .. • 
  ~ 
  .. 
  Cavalry Corps - 3rd Division - 2nd Brigade 
  The Michigan Brigade 
  T
  he a!!·MichIQan 2nd Brigade spent July 1 futilely 
  searching ror Stuart. It found Hampton's Brigade 
  the next day in Hunlerslown, five miles northwest 
  Brigiidler.General George 
  Armstrong Custer. He 
  was last In his West Point 
  class of 1861 and 
  maintained the tradition 
  of the "amboyant 
  cavalier. He was 
  scornfully described at 
  looking 'like a circus 
  rider gone mad ', 
  (U.S. thUon,' Archives) 
  SECOND BRIGADE (The Michigan Brigade) 
  Brlgadler-Ganual George Armstrong Cusler 
  lSI ReglmMI MiClllg~n Cavalty 
  (Tolal Cisuallies· 73) 
  Colonel Charles H Town 
  5th Regiment MlCIllgan Cavalry 
  (Toti! CisualUes' 56) 
  Colonel Russell Alexander Alger 
  6th Regiment MIChigan Cival", 
  (Total C3SU3l1iu. 28) 
  Colonet George Gray 
  7th Regiment Micl!lgan C8~81", 
  (Tolal Cisualties: 1(0) 
  Colonel Wilham O'AUon Mann 
  x 
  1st Regiment Michigan Cavalry 
  Colonel Town 
  Cos. A through M 
  5th Regiment Michigan Cavalry 
  Colonel Alger 
  Cos A through M 
  6th Regiment Michigan Cavalry 
  Colonel Gray 
  Cos A lhroogh M 
  7th Regimellt Michigan Cavalry 
  Colonel Mann 
  Cos. A through I & K. 
  of Gettysburg. Custer personally led a charge up a 
  narrow road lined with enemy marksmen. So poorly 
  prepared was the charge that the attackers also 
  suffered from misdirected friendly fire. After suffeong 
  32 losses, the cavalry recoiled Custer had a horse shot 
  out from under him. However, when Hampton tried to 
  exploit his advantage, dismounted Umon troopers. 
  assisted by two horse artillery battenes, repulsed the 
  rebels, That night the brigade moved to Two Taverns, 
  five miles soulheast of Gettysburg 
  When the division moved off the next morning to 
  guard the army's left flank. Brigadier-General David 
  Gregg ordered the brigade out of hne and Into a 
  position near the Intersection of the Hanover Road 
  and low Dutch Road. initially facing west From thiS 
  location it would take part in the impending combat at 
  Rummel's Farm. 
  ~ CUSTER 
  1 Siaff 
  C.l.933 troops 
  III 
  ~
  '"<""" 
  T~ 
  c 427 troops 
  I 
  
  Cavalry Corps - 1 st and 2nd Horse Artillery Brigades 
  I
  f operating In mass, this organisation's nine horse 
  artillery batteries 
  provided 
  mobile firepower 
  super.ior to any other formations on the field. 
  However. instead, the batteries wars dispersed over 
  a wide \ernIOry. lieutenant William Fulle(s Battery C, 
  3rd US . was with Huey's Brigade in Manchester 
  guarding the fell depot. Lieutenant John Caters Battery 
  A 2nd US., was resting, with Buford, at Westminster. 
  Two battenes belonging to the 1st Artillery Brigade, 
  the 6th New York and Batteries Band L, 2nd U,S" 
  were in reserve near Pleasanton's headquarters. 
  Here they would endure the overshooting from the 
  great rebel bombardment. Captain Jabez Oaniels' 
  9th Michigan was In position along the righi-centre of 
  Meade's hne where It supported the infantry of I Corps. 
  Only lour horse artillery batteries were actually in 
  poSlllon to support active cavalry operations. Those 
  commanded by Captain Alanson Randol 
  and 
  lieutenant Alexander Pennington, Jr. were on the 
  Union right. Here they would provide Important service 
  FIRST HORSE ARTIlLERY BRIGADE 
  C .. pl~in J~mn M. Robertson 
  !lIb Micbigln B~It.ry 
  Captain Jabez J Damels 
  (III troops present for duty &qUIPped) 
  (Totll uWIibu. $) 
  6 A 3-1flCh nn~ guns 
  6th New York Battery 
  Caplaln Joseph Wilham Martin 
  (1031foops presenl for duly eqUipped) 
  (T 0111 wounded I) 
  6 I l-Inch nn~ guns 
  Batteries 8 & L. 2nd Unlled Stales Artillery 
  Llwtenant Edward Heaton 
  (99 IrOOjl$ prMent for duty equipped) 
  (Total usualtles 0) 
  6 A l-ineh nned guns 
  Battlry M, 2nd Unltld Stalu Artillery 
  lIeulenanl Altunder Cummings McWhorter PenOingloo. Jr. 
  (117 troops prestnl for duty fqUIppe<!) 
  (T otII WOI.II'lded I) 
  6 • J.n;tI rifled gIlns 
  Sanery E, 41h United Slates Artillery 
  lAvtenam Samt.* Sherer Elder 
  (61 troops prlSlllt!Of duty equipped) 
  (Total kJIIIt1 16) 
  4 I 3-tnch "fled guns 
  Mounled batteries from Ihe 2nd and 3rd Unlled Sillies 
  Artillery, part of Ihe 2nd Brigade al Gettysburg. (MARS) 
  during the combat around Rummel's Farm. Captain 
  William Graham's Banery K, 1st U.S., supported the 
  ill-judged advance by Merritt's Brigade against the 
  Confederate right. Nearby, Lieutenant Samuel Elder's 
  Banery E, 4th U.S., tried to support the efforts of 
  Farnsworth's Brigade as it struggled against rebel 
  infantrymen on the slopes of Big Round Top. 
  SECOND HORSE ARTILLERY BRIGADE 
  Capilin John C. ndball 
  Baneries E & G, lst United Slale$ Artillery 
  Ciptaln Alansotl MllNfln Rlndot 
  (8Slfoops presrnl for duly equipped) 
  (Total caSU~ltles · 0) 
  <4 l 3-inch fined guns 
  Battery K, 151 Unlttd States Artillery 
  Captain William Monlrose Grah3m 
  (11<4 troops prasenl for duly equipJ}ed) 
  (T otll casualties' 3) 
  6 l 3-iflCh rin~ guns 
  Battery A, 2nd United Sillies Artillery 
  (WIth Buford at W.stminmr) 
  Lieutenant John Haskell Calef 
  (7S troopS prutnt for duty equipped) 
  (T otJl wounded, 12) 
  6 x 3-inth nfIed guns 
  Bantry C, 3rd Uniled Sllles Artillery 
  (with Huey"s Cavalry Brigade at Manc/lester) 
  ueutenanl William D Fulle' 
  (142 1r0000S present lor duty tquiJ1P8d) 
  6 x 3-1ncll rined guns 
  89 
  
  ~ THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC CAVALRY CORPS' BATTLES 
  0: 
  ~ 
  Farnsworth's Brigade 
  • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  o " • " 
  ~ 
  'Kill Cavalry' Attacks the Confederate Right - 1700-1800 hrs 
  ~ " 
  -", .. 
  > • " 
  • • 
  ~ .. .. -. 
  ~ -
  o " '" 
  ~ " 
  u • 
  E 
  ~ 
  ~ • " 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E " • 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  90 
  T
  he action began when Kilpatrick ordered a 
  squadron 
  of the 
  1st Vermont Cavalry, 
  commanded by Captain Henry Parsons, to 
  probe the enemy posltion. Parsons' troopers charged 
  for a half mile up a narrow lane. They drove through an 
  infantry outpost and reached the Bushman hOUSB. 
  A! about 1700 hrs, Kilpatrick ordered the 1st West 
  Virginia to charge what he supposed was a mere rebel 
  skirmish line. Advancing Without reconnaissance, Ihe 
  regiment encountered a fence , While troopers 
  struggled to create a crossing. Texas infantry rushed 
  up and fired severat deadly volleys. The regiment 
  retired in some disorder. 
  When Kilpatrick detected a shift in Confederate 
  dispositions, he thought he saw an opening. He ordered 
  Farnsworth to charge. F<'lrnsworth was appalled. He 
  said 10 a fellow officer. 'My God, Hammond, Kil is gOing 
  to have a cavalry charge. It is too awful to think of.' The 
  advance of the 18th Pennsylvania was barely under 
  way before the Confederate batteries halted it. The 
  The cavalry action on the 
  southern flank of the 
  Federal army. Displaying 
  tactical ineptitUde, 
  Kilpatrick had his men 
  fight dismounted on 
  ground suitable 
  for mounted operations, 
  He then m3de a 
  mounted charge across 
  rough, boulder-strewn, 
  wooded slopes, only to 
  be repulsed by Luffman's 
  Georgians. 
  0400 hrs 0500 
  OSOO 
  pages 75·76 
  0800 
  - -
  o 
  1000 
  ". 
  .""~ u.e-.. 
  TO"'ii'RS 
  ~ 
  -
  , .. ~ 
  "" 
  1200 
  wIthdrawal of the 18th permitted the rebels to 
  concentrate on the two-pronged charge of the 
  1 st Vermont. The leading battalion, again commanded 
  by Parsons, passed the Slyder house With little loss 
  Here it came abreast of a concealed Alabama regiment 
  thaI look a heavy loll and forced Ihe troopers 10 fide 
  south over a stone wall to escape. Farnsworth, al the 
  head of another Vermont battalion, was closer 10 Round 
  Top. HIS force also Jumped a stone wall and brushed 
  aside a skirmish line. 1\ turned east as If 10 strike the 
  enemy rear only to confront a heavy flank fire Above 
  the Slyder house, the command encountered more 
  infantry and artillery fire 
  that inflicted losses. 
  Farnsworth's horse dropped, but the general managed 
  to extricate himself, He secured a rtderless horse but, 
  apparently dlsonented, tned to return the way he had 
  come. This time the foe was fully prepared Someone 
  called upon Farnsworth to surrender. When he refused. 
  men from the 15th Alabama fired , striking him five times 
  and killing him. 
  l!8It..o. 
  LUFFIWl 
  1300 
  1400 
  1500 
  35-4 & 91·95 
  11-19 
  1600 
  1700 
  Ott 
  1600 
  
  THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC CAVALRY CORPS' BATTLES 
  Custer's and Mctntosh's Brigades 
  Action at Rummel's Farm -1300-1600 hrs 
  B
  rigadier-General David Gregg's assignment for 
  July 3 was to guard Meade's tight on the east 
  side of RocK Creek. ACCOfdlngly, he deployed 
  a long skirmish hne from across Wolf HIt! to Ihe 
  The Union cavalry. 
  assigned to defend the 
  army's righl.rear, had 
  lillie idea thai they were 
  to tace a stern challenge 
  from Stuart's vaunted 
  Conlederate cavalry. The 
  terrain was well suited to 
  cavalry manoeuvre. The 
  Union cavalry's 
  performance on July 3 
  underscored the lesson 
  of Brandy Stillion: 
  Yankee troopers believed 
  themselves equal to their 
  rebel IDes. Troopers In 
  Custe,'s and Mcintosh's 
  Brigades also benefitted 
  from capable, and 
  sometimlS Inspired, 
  leadership. 
  I 
  0800 
  ., ..... 
  , ~ 
  ... 
  cl1A'Ja .. l.$ 
  1000 
  1200 
  Hanover Road. His cousin, Irvin Gregg, occupied the 
  Wolf Hill portion of the line. while Colonel John 
  Mcintosh's Brigade manned the Hanover Road sector 
  Mcintosh's Brigade was Without two regiments that 
  ,.," 
  1300 
  1400 
  1500 
  1600 
  1700 
  1800 
  ~&1I1-95 
  11-19 
  " 
  E 
  • 
  ~ 
  ." " 
  E 
  E , 
  '" 
  ;; 
  " •• 
  u 
  ~ 
  91 
  
  E 
  • 
  ~ 
  ." 
  ;; 
  E 
  E , 
  "' -• 
  c o 
  ~ 
  " • " 
  • '" .• 
  " 
  <; 
  u 
  ~ " 
  ~ 
  u 
  u • 
  E 
  £ o 
  ~ • " -
  o 
  ~ 
  E " • 
  ~ 
  >-
  92 
  had been detached to protect the army's teft n"mk 
  Gregg had temporary control 01 Brigadier-General 
  George Custer's all·Mlchlgan brigade He stationed 
  Custer west 01 the Intersection of the l ow Dutch Road 
  Clod Hanover Road 
  AI noon Kilpatrick requested 
  Custer's relurn Having decided that he was defending 
  a key sector, Gregg Jeopardlsed his career by ordenng 
  Custer to remain It proved to be the nght decIsion, 
  Unaware that a threat was emerging from Cress' 
  Ridge, Custer Initially deployed his forces around the 
  road Junction faCing west Only when Confederate 
  artillery opened fire from the ridge did Custer realise 
  where the enemy were, When McIntosh rode to 
  Custer's headquaners to learn about the tactical 
  situation and to report that his brigade was advanCing 
  to relieve Custer, the latter gestured towards the tree 
  line atop Cress' Ridge and replied, 'I think you Will find 
  the woods out there .. , full of them: 
  Mcintosh ordered Major Myron Beaumont to 
  advance his 1 st New Jersey Cavalry and present a 
  skirmish hne along a small stream near Rummel's 
  Farm, Beaumont had reported sick just before a batlle 
  In the past Purportedly, he did so again here and 
  consequently the regiment's deployment was tardy, 
  Angered, Mcintosh shouted to an aide, 'Oamn them, 
  bring them up at a gallop: So It fell to the often-
  wounded,19·year-old MaJor Hugh Janeway to lead the 
  Combat initially focused 
  on control of Rummel's 
  Farm. Dismounted 
  Federal trooper. 
  contestlild the stream 
  bed and fence line along 
  Cress' Run in a swirling 
  acllon thai eventually 
  compoUod the 
  Confederate horsemen 
  to launch a determined 
  charge, In the past, such 
  a Confederate charge 
  might have swept the 
  field, He,., the Federal 
  commanders maintained 
  their composure amid a 
  confusing tadieal 
  situation, 
  New Jersey troopers onto the 'Ield 
  MClntos~ 
  established hiS 'Ield headquarters at the lott 
  larmhouse The 3rd Pennsylvania and 1st Marylafl(l 
  stood In column of squadrons In a clover f!f!1d east 
  of the Loll house 
  The acllon began at about 1300 hrs when 
  Ferguson's dismounted skffmlshers supported by 
  artillery on Cress' Ridge, advanced southeast from 
  Rummel's Farm Dismounted bluecoats belonging to 
  the 5th and 6th Michigan opposed them However, 
  because they expected soon to be relieved they 
  gave ground rather than become embrOIled 1n a flQht 
  Meanwh11e, from the rear, exceedingly eHectlve 
  counter-battery fire delivered by two seclrons of 
  Pennington's Battery drove a rebel battery from the 
  ridge, 
  As the artillery fire subsided at about 1400 hrs 
  Mcintosh senl two squadrons of the 1 st New Jersey to 
  relieve the Michigan sk1rmlshers, They splashed 
  across Llltle's Run and manned a position behind a 
  line of fences 
  An Intense skirmish fight soulh of the Rummel s 
  Farm began The first blast from the 34th Battalion 
  Virginia Cavalry caught some New Jersey troopers 
  moving across an open field The Yankees broke 
  under the fire Major Noah Ferry 01 the 5th M1chIQan 
  tried to rally them, shoullng 'Rally, boysl Ratty for the 
  1 
  1 
  r:04::OQ~h':'-:0500
  :::-~~:::---:O"'::~=='~OOO======~'2=OO====='=300~~~'~4~OO~~~'~5OO~~~~'600~~==='7=OQ==~='~ 
  ~s 75-16 
  l~ & 91 .95 
  17.19 
  90 
  
  fence ' He fell wIth a mortal wound in the process 
  To support hIs collapsing line. Mcintosh committed 
  twO squadrons of the 3rd Pennsylvania and the Purnell 
  Troop A mounted squadron secured the right flank . 
  The rest of his command remained in reserve near 
  Lon's Woods. The opposing rebels fell back when 
  they ran oul of ammunition. However, from Cress' 
  Ridge came new Confederate formatIons as Stuart 
  fed In more men. The Confederates pressed hard 
  along LIttle's Run and even drove back part of the 
  61h Michigan, which was north of Mcintosh's line. 
  At this point, with Ihe federal line wavering. 
  Brigadier-General David Gregg appeared at the Loll 
  house to assume command. Receiving a request from 
  Mcintosh for reinforcements, he directed two sections 
  of Randol's Ballery to sweep the Confederate pOSitIon 
  'Never,' reported Gregg. 'was there more accurate and 
  effecllve fire: Previously. rebel marksmen had used 
  the shelter of the Rummel barn to pick off opponents 
  along little's Run. Randol's fire drove them from the 
  oarn and also turned the tide during this phase of the 
  comoal. Union troopers counter-attacked and drove 
  the rebels from Rummel's Farm and up the slope of 
  Cress' Ridge. They also occupied the fence line that 
  had been held by the rebels, as well as some of 
  the farm's outbUildings. A lull ensued, broken only by 
  sporadic artillery exchanges. 
  Gregg knew that Custer had orders to depart and 
  rejoin Kilpatnck. He asked Custer to remain. Although 
  he had already sent part of his 6th and 7th Michigan 
  marChing southwest, Custer was not the sort of officer 
  to turn his back on a fight He ordered his regIments to 
  counter-march and reassumed control of hiS troopers 
  In the skirmish line, 
  The Union advance to Rummel's Farm provoked a 
  Confederate response. A new line of dismounted 
  rebels descended the slope and engaged. Now it was 
  the turn for Mcintosh's men to begin to run Iowan 
  ammunition. Custer moved the 5th Michigan and four 
  squadrons of the 6th Michigan to buttress the line. The 
  6th Michigan secured the Unron left. However. fierce 
  rebel artillery fire forced the 5th MIchigan to take cover 
  behind a post-and-rall fence before it managed to 
  relieve Mclnlosh's men on the right flank. Here they 
  received a dismounted attaCk from the 9th Virginia, 
  SImultaneously, Fitz Lee's men struck the righl of 
  the Union tine along Utue's Run. By committing all 
  available reserves, the Union line held, Alluding to the 
  5th Michigan, Custer later 'attributed their success in a 
  great measure to the fact Ihat thiS regiment 15 armed 
  With the Spencer repealing fine 
  the most effective 
  fire-arm that our cavalry can adopt ' 
  However, a disadvantage of the Spencer was thai a 
  trooper tended to fire olf hiS ammunition very qUickly 
  Therefore. when the 5th ran Iow an ammu!1illon the 
  emboldened rebels came on again When Mcintosh 
  looked about for his frnal reserve , the 1st Maryland, he 
  discovered that Gregg had already moved the unit to 
  the far Side 01 Loti's Woods to address an imaginary 
  threat. Here Ihe 1 st Maryland was out of supporting 
  distance. Overcome by Illness and frustration. 
  Mcintosh 'gave way to tears and oaths' Suddenly, at 
  the head of the Inexpenenced 7th Michigan. Custer 
  appeared! The 71h was an exceptionally young outfi\. 
  Its troopers' average age was 18: its colonel, Wilham 
  Mann. was only 24. It was also Custer's weakest 
  regiment. having only 10 companres None of this 
  mattered to Custer, Shouting, 'Come on. you 
  Wolverines!' he led them rn the day's first Significant 
  mounted charge. The regIment. formed In close 
  column of squadrons. galloped diagonally across the 
  field , through a mass of disordered troopers belonging 
  to the 1st New Jersey. 3rd Pennsylvania. 5th Michigan 
  and the Purnell Troop. It hacked its way through 
  the gth Virginia only to receIVe a volley from the 
  13th Virginia that compelled Ihe Wolverines to make a 
  turn to the left. 
  Then the regiment encountered the vaunted 
  1s1 Virginia across a post-and-rail fence . where the 
  two lines exchanged carbine and revolver rife. The 
  Union officers encouraged their men with cries of 'Kill 
  all you can and do your best each for himself.' It 
  was not the time for tactics but rather for naked 
  courage at point-blank range. 
  Meanwhile, Custer led another part of the 
  7th Michigan towards the rebel batteries near 
  Rummel's Farm. When about 200 yards short of 
  the enemy guns. Custer realised that he was over-
  extended. He ordered a bugler to sound retreat. 
  Just as the detachment was wheeling. two fresh 
  Confederale regiments attacked its rear. The 7th put 
  up a game fight: among many, it managed 10 kill the 
  executive officer of the Jeff Davis Legion. Soon its 
  fighting retreat lost all order. Then. some remounted 
  Virginia cavalry hit its flank, causing the 7th to break 
  badly. The panicked lroopers ignored Mcintosh's plea, 
  'For God's sake, men. if you are ever gorng to stand, 
  stand now, for you are on your free soil!' The majoflty 
  E 
  • 
  ~ ." 
  0; 
  E 
  E 
  ~ 
  • • 
  ~ 
  '" -. 
  ~ 
  o 
  u 
  2-o 
  > • 
  u 
  " • 
  E 
  o ;; 
  ~ • " 
  '0 
  ~ 
  E 
  ~ • 
  ~ 
  93 
  
  ~ • 
  ~ 
  ." .. 
  E 
  E , 
  '" ; 
  c o 
  ~ 
  " " 
  ~ .. 
  .1i 
  <; 
  u 
  '" " 
  > • 
  u 
  u • § 
  o 
  ~ • = 
  1; 
  ~ 
  ." 
  • 
  '!y' 
  J , 
  • • -
  CUll" mel the 
  Confed'"t, en.rgt W ith 
  a Characteristically 
  reekiest, unsupported 
  countlr-charge 
  EJhlblllng it growing 
  tactical confidence 
  junior Union officers 
  dis played inltiallv, and 
  rescued Custer from hi' 
  untenable position Tht 
  Yankee counter.attack 
  slopped the rebel surge 
  and with It any chance 01 
  Stuart making a 
  breakthrough into the 
  reilf of Ihe Federal 
  Infimlry lines. The 
  lighting ended on July 3 
  with both sides biU;k In 
  jUSI&bout the sam. 
  position as when Ihl 
  action had begun. 
  ~ 
  < 
  \ 
  , ..... ei 
  :,-c:i 
  ~w 
  ~ 
  ,~, 
  94 
  • 
  ... 
  J"'~ JD> 
  ... 
  C~~ · E.II 
  0( .... ..:.'0< .-
  ' ...... 
  , ..... 
  , -
  _
  , 0 
  of men from four rebel regiments were pursuing the 
  fleeing regiment. Only a self·sacnfiCing charge by two 
  mounted squadrons of the Sth Michigan led by Major 
  Luther Trowbridge slowed tne pursuIt. Trowbridge's 
  troopers struck the flank of the 9th and 13th Virginia 
  and sent these units flYing, However, a surging 
  Confederale walle featunng the 9th North Carolina 
  and the Jeff Dallis Legion ollerpowered Trowbndge's 
  men. Trowbridge himself was unhorsed in the melee 
  Howeller, hiS action purchased necessary time for the 
  rest of the 51h Michigan to engage They stopped the 
  rebel pursuit A sabre and pistol fight took place with 
  the federals slowly gaining the adllantage 
  A mistake In the Confederate chain of command 
  0400 hrs 0500 
  0600 
  0800 
  1000 
  1200 
  ~7~16 
  now commllted elemenls 01 three bngades to the fray 
  The Confederate troopers presented a dazzling 
  spectacle: ·They marched with well-aligned fronts and 
  steady reins: a Yankee eyewitnesS recalled Another 
  federal officer related that ·the spectacle catted forth 
  a murmur of admiration·. Mcintosh realised that the 
  disorganised Union troops could not resist the forth 
  coming charge. He senl hiS staff officers to recall the 
  men and thus clear the field to give Randors and 
  Pennington's guns an unobstructed target The Union 
  horse artillery fired single and double canIster aga,nst 
  Ihe oncoming hne. The Confederates dosed ranks as 
  If nothing had happened. Dismounted marksmen 011 
  Ihe Union nght flank also pUnished the Confederates 
  1300 
  1400 
  1500 
  1600 
  1700 ., 
  """ 
  
  Gregg also realised Ihat they would not be enough 10 
  stop the rebel horsemen. Either he. or Custer, or both. 
  saw that the remainmg reserve must charge Custer 
  rode to his most expenenced unit. the 1st Michigan. He 
  found It massed. in column of battalions. south of the 
  l ott house The regiment's colonel W;'IS a hard-bitten 
  officer who had to lash hiS consumplion-ridden body 
  Into the saddle In order to remain mounted. Some said 
  that Colonel Town courted a death in battle in 
  preference to wasting slowly away from disease. Custer 
  spoke 'Colonel Town, I shall have to ask you to charge, 
  and I want to go in with you.' 
  Custer and Town led the 1st Michigan at a gallop 
  toward Hampton's troopers. The rival lines colhded 
  like the failing of timber 
  so sudden and violent ... 
  that many of the horses were turned end over end and 
  crushed their riders beneath them. The clashing 01 
  sabers, the firing of pistols. the demands lor surrender 
  and cfles of the combatants now filled the air.' 
  Custer's own horse went down. He seized a 
  nderless animal. remounted and returned to the action. 
  wielding hiS long sabre in great sweeping arcs. A 
  Union eyewitness deSCribed the column assault 
  by the 1st Michigan. 'The squadrons. with almost 
  faultless alignment. were hurled upon the largely 
  supeflor numbers of the enemy, and as each squadron 
  came up it was broken and forced out on either flank of 
  Ihe succeeding one. which filled Its place, until over 
  one·half of the regiment was broken up. Bul lhe rebels 
  could not stand such terrible and rapid blows.' 
  Meanwhile, Gregg and Mcintosh hurled every 
  available man into the melee. Headquarters staff. 
  buglers, and orderlies jOined in. Captam Walter Newhall 
  rallied 21 troopers and charged into the mass. Newhall 
  hacked hiS way towards a Confederate flag and was 
  almost within reaching distance of the prize when the 
  standard-bearer lowered hiS staff and thrust It mto 
  Newhall's face Pierced in the chin, his jaw shattered. 
  the captam fell senseless to the ground. Mcintosh and 
  hiS staff pitched m Rallied elements of the 5th and 
  7th MIchigan returned. From the opposite flank, officers 
  led a band of New Jersey troopers Into the combat. 
  Dunng this portion of the fighting, five out of seven 
  Union officers in Mcintosh's Bflgade were wounded. 
  One New Jersey trooper engaged Hampton himself 
  and InflIcted two head wounds. In the back-and-forth 
  rlQhtlng. men became temporary prisoners only to turn 
  0\1 their caplors when a new surge of friendly troops 
  rescued them. The Issue hung In the balance. Captain 
  William Miller and 
  his squadron of the 3rd 
  Pennsylvanlo were looking on from the edge of the 
  Lott Woods. They were so close to the action that they 
  could hear the distinct shouts of the Confederate 
  officers. In prior combats the rebel horsemen had 
  preferred the pistol to the sabre Union troopers 
  believed thallhelr own willingness to engage With the 
  sabre had given them an advantage On this field they 
  heard the rebel officers shouting, 'Keep to your 
  sabres. men. keep to your sabres.' Miller turned to hiS 
  subordinate. lieutenant William Brooke Rawle, and 
  said. '1 have been ordered to hold this position. but. If 
  you Will back me in case I am court-martialed for 
  disobedience. I Will order a charge.' 
  Thus. on his own initiative. Miller deCided to attack 
  the Confederate left flank. After firing a volley from 
  their carbines, the Pennsylvania troopers drew their 
  sabres and charged Encouraged by their effort. 
  adjacent formations pitched In as well. Miller's fresh 
  troopers cleaved a path nearly all the way to the rear 
  of the Confederate mass. 
  Neanng the Rummel's Farm Jane. they became 
  the target of the Confederate horse artillery. Its fire 
  checked thelf advance. Miller was shot through his 
  fight arm and saw hiS sabre split in two by the fire. The 
  detachment was now virtually isolated, deep in the 
  enemy rear. He led his Pennsylvanians north until they 
  escaped the fray and then back to their start position. 
  Surprisingly they had suffered few losses. Miller would 
  earn the Medal of Honor for hiS action. Indeed, by the 
  time he led hiS men to safety. the Confederate tide 
  was receding. 
  Union 
  skirmishers 
  again 
  advanced 
  towards 
  Rummel's Farm. And so the 1st New Jersey. part of the 
  3rd Pennsylvania and the Purnell legion occupied the 
  same ground that they had held before the combat 
  started. A sporadiC artillery duel continued until nightfall. 
  Stuart left a picket line in place and withdrew. leavlOg 
  the Union forces In possession of the field. His attempt 
  to attack the rear of the Union line had failed. 
  Cavalry Corps Casualties at Gettysburg 
  J.Wy 3 1863 
  Ca~a lry killed or wounded 257 
  Cavalry mISSing/captured t23 
  Artillery kIlled or wounded 23 
  ArtJllery miSSing/captured 0 
  E 
  • 
  ~ 
  ." 
  ;; 
  E 
  E , 
  " " 
  , •• 
  Jl 
  " .. 
  ~ • '" " 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  u 
  '" .. 
  ~ 
  u 
  u • 
  E 
  £ 
  It. • " 
  '0 
  E 
  ;; • 
  ~ 
  95 
  
  96 
  WARGAMING GETTYSBURG - July 3 
  The AmerIcan CIYII War has undergone a resurgence in 
  Interest among wargamers over lhe past 15 years 
  Thi, may be attributed 10 a ntlmber of factors firslly. a 
  belter understanding of the tactics and doctllnes employed 
  dUDog the connie\. secondly, a heightened profile gl'oJen \0 
  the confliet through television, film and literature (both fiction 
  and non·fiction); and thirdly, Ihe increased availability of 
  hlgh·quallty wargames figures and models. 
  figures and models 
  Below IS a list, by no means compl'ehenSlve, of the main 
  rlgure manufacturers. Many can be obtained from good 
  model $hOpI, Of the addresses 01 the in(hviclual 
  manufacturers can be found in most wargamers' 
  magazines. 
  6 mm scale: 
  Heroics and Ross 
  15 mm scale: 
  F rei Korps 15 
  Esse. Miniatures 
  AB Miniatures 
  Old Glory 
  MlniFtgs (Of Miniature Figurines) 
  25 mm scale : 
  Dixon MIniatures 
  FIring Une MIniatures 
  First Corps 
  Old Glory 
  Redoubt Enlerprises 
  Wargames Foundry (also 54 mm scale flQUfeS for Ihe 
  skirmish mall,acl) 
  Computer Games 
  Sid Meier's 'Gettysburg' 
  T810n5011'& 'Batlleground2' Gettysburg' 
  Interactive Magic's 'American CIVil War' 
  SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY 
  Busey, JoM W and Martlll, David G Ref/llrHmlai Strengths and 
  L0SS6s at Gettysburg, Hightstown: Loogstreet House, 1994, 
  Coddlnglon, EdWin B, The Gettysburg Campaign: A sludy m 
  Command, New YOf1I.: Charles Scnbner's Sons, 1968, 
  Fox, W~liam F. Regimental Losses In Ihe American CIVil 
  War, f86f·I86!i Albany: AlballY Pubhshi~ Co. 1898 
  Gallagher, Gary W , ed, The Third Oayaf Gelfysburg and 
  Beyond. Chapel Hill: Uiliversity of North Carolilla Press, 
  "" 
  Luvas, Jay, and Harold W. Nelson, eds. The U.S. Army War 
  College Guide 10 Ihe Bailie of Gellysburg. Carlisle. PA: 
  South MOunlain Press, 1986. 
  McClure, Alexander K., ed. Annals of me War. Edison, NJ: 
  The Blue & Grey Press, 1996. 
  Ns,sawald. l. Van Loan. Grape and Camster; The StOl)' of 
  the Field ArMery of/he Army of/he POiomec. 1861·1865. 
  New Yon... Oxford Unlvefsily Press, 1960 
  Pfallz, Harry W. Gettysburg: Culp's HIli and Cemetery Hill. 
  Chapel HilL Un,versity of North Carolina Press. 1993. 
  Priest. John Michael Into the Fight. Pickell's Charge at 
  Gettysburg Sh'ppellsburg. PA: White Mane Books 199f 
  Raus. Edmund J . Jr, A Genera/IOfl OfltM March. The 
  Umon Army at Gettysburg GeUysburg Thomas 
  Publlcalions, 1996. 
  ReardOll. Carol,"1 Think the Union Army Had Somethl1l9 
  do Wllh ,I" The Pickel1's Charge Nobody Knows, In Galx 
  S. Bonl1. ed . The Gettysburg Nobody Knows. New York 
  Odord University Press. 1997. 
  Tagg, Larry. The Generals of GettySburg Campbell, CA 
  Savas PUblishing. 1998 
  U.S. War Department War of the Rebellion ' A Compl/Btl 
  of the Official Records of the Union and Confederale 
  Armies Senes I, vol. 27. Washington. Government Pnnl 
  OffICe, 1889. 
  Vanderslice. John M. Get/ysburg Then and Now Dayton 
  Ohio' Mom'ngSide Bookshop, 1983 
  COMPANION SERIES FROM OSPREY 
  ELITE 
  1)"..,I<d 'nf .... m"""n "" 'he unof"rm, .nd '""~II" of 'he ",,11,1", m,,,, 
  r""",,, ",,1,''') f,,,,,,,, I .... ch /'-+'p.>ge I."l "'nu,n, ""nw SO "h,,,,,,,,,,,!,I,, 
  .nd d,,~"m, .... J 11 1"5'" uf f"II-roIou, ",,,, .. l 
  NEW .... ANGUARD 
  I ..... ('t<h<n"'~ h,,,.....,. 01" ,he d¢>'JII. ,I.,"!orn"'nI . 1>11 0JI<1"""",.1 
  "'" 01" ,he .. ",Id"' _tal '.h",in mcl ,",II<" I ..... h ~S-, .. S<" "'''''' 
  "."u.n, .. )tho f'IF'o • ..- Mi-wlour ...... "'l ,,,,h.I,,,C • clc ... 1<;j ".,.,..~ 
  WARRIOR 
  U"Ii""" •• ruh!# 01","" •• mou" .... """',. """'" 01>11 "" .. ,"'''''' 01" ,he 
  lip"", .... " uf h .. ,O<\ £..:h ' .... I .. ¥. "'.,\ (M""", (u ..... 0)' ,n,1 
  u,... .... d .. """l 01,1", ... "",,', .. ~''''''" . .. ,1 "mo. ... 
  CAMPAIGN 
  ",-, ... . ",h .. ", .. , .. "-COl" .. " .. f hi"",)', d"",,,,. ""1,,,,) <"(0"""",, 
  l.ao h ,)(, .",~ I.".l ... n,,, .. , 0'.' ',00 ,II",,,>,,,,.,, ,O<.lud,,,, ""r'. 
  ... ,1.,,, "f lulll<. coIou, 1,1"e<. , .. ,I 'h.«-d"' .. ,,' ...... 11u1l1< .. ,,'" 
  MEN.AT.ARMS 
  In " .. " .. 11",1 ,<>,,,,~ ,,' ",f,,,,,,,',,,,, n" 'h" "'~'"' ''''''''' ",,,'n'n" , ",I 
  "l"'p"'<", u( ,h. ,,(><Id', Ii~h""~ ""'n. P'" and r",,,,n, Tho "'''''' "'" 
  Imndrt',I, of ,,,hl"n, 'p,nn,n; i.OOO '''a" u( h,,',,", ' ..... h ~o(.p ••• bwL 
  .",h.d,:. , ...... , ... ,~", 1".d«1 .. "h 'f'«'('" 'n(,omu' ...... ""'". ,j() r """' .... 
  m.p< .ncl J"j:um, .•• oJ O!~h, ,,""", """0> vi un,fOfn...,! ('Ft" .... 
  AIRCRAFT OF T H E ACES 
  I·""u",", . "lu, ... h .... ,100 <I". ",1uI,"'- nu"" <>I, ,,itn,,,.JIi'. , nd 
  .nc!""'" unkj"" ,n,."", .. , " .. h ""'''''''J >C<-o _
  <-tJ 'rn~f"'.U, ldf 
  ... h ''''un...- I:""h ~""". ,,~um< ron""'" up to WI 'p" .. lh 
  "'''''m'' ............. n~ ... h. unll I"!I"~ .... " ..... f<, r"'n, ,nJ , ............ 
  .. eh ... 1 r"'>o'''~'rIo1 """'''I< 
  COMBAT AIRCRAFT 
  T ..... ·I"',,·.I "'",,11\,""'" "um 'h< "orl,l", k.,hft~ .... 'k"' ",,,«, VII tho 
  .. ""II ')1"" Ik'"" 1:",h %-t .. ~. ",Ium • ..."",,", UI' h' -1\1 ' 1 ... .. 111 
  '''nm .. ",,-,'''''' ."",,,h, """ I""np.. ... " "' .... r"'n. ,nJ ,)"" "'"'" ..,h" 
  rhool''':''l'h, ... ,bhk 
  
  .. ~" 
  r 
  / 
  • 
  ; 
  ~ 
  , 
  .J 
  r {) 
  ~
  ~ 
  • 
  I 
  r 
  ?J' 
  ~ 
  J' 
  ,j' ,
  !
  .
  . A ~
  
  ~ , 
  > 
  ~ 
  0 • 
  • 
  • 
  • 
  " 
  ~ 
  • 
  , 
  • 
  8 
  • 
  ---
  « 
  I 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  i 
  • 
  ~ 
  • 
  b 
  • 
  , 
  ,-i 
  • 
  ~ 
  " " 
  • 
  ~ 
  • 
  0 • 
  ~ 
  / 
  § ~ § 
  ~ 
  z 
  ~ 
  • 
  /I 
  0>-
  W 
  '" 
  • 
   '\ 
  I 
  , 
  } 
  0.. 
  <{ 
  ::;; 
  -
  w 
  -' 
  ~ 
  I-
  ~ 
  '" :> 
  al 
  w 
  -' 
  (!) 
  S 
  0:: 
  ~ 
  E~ 
  CD 
  al 
  "-
  en 
  0 
  >-
  '" 
  I-
  w 
  l-
  e 
  W 
  - I: 
  '" 
  (!) 
  0 
  -
  
  GETTYSB 
  • 
  UNION:THE ARMY OF THE' 
  ... ... ... 
  10 
  10 
  ~ 
  ~ 
  '" 
  II ro O\ar 
  181 
  ~ 
  i8l 
  .. ~ \ 
  • • • 
  ~ 
  • • tII"I!:. 
  ".- .-
  •• . '. 
  ' .. 
  • 
  " .' 
  '" 
  .,,,,,. ~ ,rJ,.-
  .... 
  ORDER OF B\TTLE SERII':S 
  • Highly detailed illustrated 
  references on the greatest battles 
  In history, featunng unit-by-unit 
  examinations of the troops and 
  their movements, and analysis of 
  the commanders' original objectives 
  and actual achievements. 
  • Comprehensive organisational 
  diagrams, detailed colour maps 
  and a large fold-out base map 
  combine to provide a unique 
  vISual approach. 
  l . 
  Authoritative and accessible. 
  'The , 
  and, I 
  ", ar, ... 
  rcmai 
  -----", ~ .. < 
  am not prepared to say, until beBer advised of 
  1111: condition of the army, whether Ill) 
  operations will be of an offensive or dcfcnsi ... c 
  ch(\raCfl,.-r.' 
  General \ leadc's Jul~ 2nd dispatch 10 
  Gcncral-in-Chicl· ' la1tcck inuil."alcd the need 10 
  assess the Fedefal predicament : to Ihis cnu he Cl.llcd 
  :1 council of war. The thinking of his wmmanders 
  wa!> bc!>! c~prcssecl b} GCllcml Slocum of XII 
  Corps: 'Sra) and fight it out ' As the mecting broke: 
  up, \lcade turned to Gencral John Gibbon .... hose 
  dil lsion held the eentre of the Federal line. 'If Lee 
  attacks IQmorro\l,' he ~ai(l 'it II ill be on }our front 
  ... he ha.~ made att:u:ks on both OUT flanks and 
  (,Iilcd, and if he condudes to IT} ag-.llll. it II ill be on 
  our center.' Ilis fudgmcnt 1\3l> to be prOlcd corre('" 
  as the Confederates began to adl .... nce. 
  Visit Osprey at www.ospreypublishing.c.om 
  
SOURCE: textdata/thevault/Osprey System/Campaign Series (CAM)/Osprey - BOR 011 - Gettysburg 1863 - The Army of the Potomac.pdf