original_query: What was the purpose of the Judges Retirement Act passed by the parliament?
query: What was the purpose of the Judges Retirement Act passed by the NSW Parliament in 1918 and the Queensland Parliament in 1921?
answer: The Judges Retirement Acts of 1918 (NSW) and 1921 (Queensland) introduced a compulsory retirement age of 70 for judges, allowing the government to appoint new judges.  In Queensland, this action was particularly controversial due to existing animosity between the Labor government and the judiciary.