original_query: What are the different views on slavery within Islamic thought throughout history?
query: What are the different views on slavery within Islamic thought throughout history?
answer: Islamic views on slavery are complex and multifaceted, varying across different Islamic groups and thinkers throughout history.  Early Islamic dogma forbade enslaving free Muslims and non-Muslims under Islamic rule, aiming to regulate and improve slave conditions. Later, classical Islamic law extensively covered slavery, treating Muslim and non-Muslim slaves equally in religious matters.  However, some Muslim societies employed slaves in different roles based on factors beyond religious affiliation. Abolitionist movements emerged during the 19th century, driven by Muslim reformers and international pressure, leading to the eventual banning of slavery in most Muslim countries. Despite its illegality, slavery has been documented in recent years in some African Muslim-majority countries.  Modern interpretations vary, with some scholars viewing slavery as incompatible with Islamic principles, while others maintain the legality of slavery under certain circumstances.  This divergence highlights the ongoing debate surrounding the historical and contemporary interpretations of Islamic texts regarding slavery.