original_query: Who survived the invasion and retreated northward to the plains of Kazakhstan or westward to the shores of the Caspian Sea?
query: Who survived the Mongol invasion of 1221 and retreated northward to the plains of Kazakhstan or westward to the shores of the Caspian Sea?
answer: The Turkmen survived the Mongol invasion and retreated northward to the plains of Kazakhstan or westward to the shores of the Caspian Sea.