original_query: What are the themes and motifs in Mahler's Fourth Symphony?
query: What are the themes and motifs in Mahler's Fourth Symphony?
answer: The Fourth Symphony uses cyclic form, reusing themes from previous movements in later ones.  Key themes include the bells from the first movement's opening, and the main theme from the Finale.  Certain themes and motifs are also found in Mahler's Second, Third, and Fifth Symphonies. The symphony also incorporates elements from an earlier song, "Das himmlische Leben" ("The Heavenly Life"), which serves as both inspiration and the goal of the symphony.