original_query: What were John Marshall Harlan's notable dissents that restricted civil liberties?
query: What were John Marshall Harlan's notable dissents?
answer: John Marshall Harlan notably dissented in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), which permitted segregation, and the Civil Rights Cases (1883), which allowed private actors to engage in segregation.  He also dissented in cases such as Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. (1895) (struck down federal income tax), United States v. E. C. Knight Co. (1895) (limited federal antitrust power), Lochner v. New York (1905) (invalidated maximum working hours law), and Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States (1911) (established the rule of reason).