original_query: What was the reason for the Lowthers to pay compensation for the construction of the present open quadrangle?
query: What was the reason for the Lowthers to pay compensation for the construction of the present open quadrangle?
answer: Sir James Lowther fraudulently obtained an 867-year lease for extensive mineral rights for a paltry sum.  After this fraud was exposed in 1812, the case went to court, and in 1842, enough compensation was paid by the Lowthers to build the present open quadrangle.