original_query: What is the significance of Thebes in ancient Egypt?
query: What is the significance of Thebes in ancient Egypt?
answer: Thebes, known as Waset to the ancient Egyptians, held immense significance as a major city, capital during the Middle and New Kingdoms, and a prominent religious center.  It was the main city of the fourth Upper Egyptian nome, home to the temples of Karnak and Luxor, and contained extensive royal and private cemeteries. Its importance is evidenced by its long history, large population (at times the largest city in the world), and its role in major cultural and religious events,  as well as its wealth and trade.