func_code_string: #include <bits/stdc++.h>   using namespace std;   class PriorityQueue {    private:     vector<pair<int, int> > d1, d2;     int l1 = 0, l2 = 0, r1 = 0, r2 = 0;     inline bool takeFirst() { return l1 != r1 && (l2 == r2 || d1[l1] < d2[l2]); }       public:     inline void prepare() {       swap(d1, d2);       swap(l1, l2);       swap(r1, r2);     }     inline void push(const pair<int, int> &p) {       d1.push_back(p);       r1++;     }     inline void repush(const pair<int, int> &p) {       if (l1) {         d1[--l1] = p;       } else {         d2[--l2] = p;       }     }     inline bool empty() { return l1 == r1 && l2 == r2; }     inline pair<int, int> top() { return takeFirst() ? d1[l1] : d2[l2]; }     inline void pop() { (takeFirst() ? l1 : l2)++; }   };   static const int heavyLim = 500;   struct FreqAnalyzer {     int n, m;     vector<int> items;     vector<int> freqs;     vector<int> heavy;     inline void add(int v, int sign) {       if (items[v]) {         freqs[items[v]]--;       }       items[v] += sign;       if (items[v]) {         freqs[items[v]]++;       }     }     inline int64_t huffmanSum() {       PriorityQueue pq;       for (int i = 0; i < min(n + 1, heavyLim); i++) {         if (freqs[i]) {           pq.push({i, freqs[i]});         }       }       vector<pair<int, int> > heavies;       for (int i : heavy) {         if (items[i] >= heavyLim) {           heavies.emplace_back(items[i], 1);         }       }       sort(heavies.begin(), heavies.end());       for (auto it : heavies) {         pq.push(it);       }       pq.prepare();       int64_t ans = 0;       while (!pq.empty()) {         auto it = pq.top();         pq.pop();         while (!pq.empty() && pq.top().first == it.first) {           it.second += pq.top().second;           pq.pop();         }         if (it.second == 1) {           if (pq.empty()) {             break;           } else {             auto jt = pq.top();             int q = jt.first;             jt.second--;             pq.pop();             if (jt.second) {               pq.repush(jt);             }             ans += it.first + q;             pq.push({it.first + q, 1});           }         } else {           int64_t a = it.first * 2, b = it.second / 2;           ans += a * b;           pq.push({a, b});           if (it.second & 1) {             pq.repush({it.first, 1});           }         }       }       return ans;     }     FreqAnalyzer(int n, int m, const vector<int> &heavy)         : n(n), m(m), items(m), freqs(n + 1), heavy(heavy) {}   };   const int moBlock = 300;   struct Query {     int l, r, idx;     inline pair<int, int> toPair() const {       auto res = make_pair(l / moBlock, r);       if (res.first & 1) {         res.second *= -1;       }       return res;     }   };   inline bool operator<(const Query &a, const Query &b) {     return a.toPair() < b.toPair();   }   int main() {     ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);     int n;     cin >> n;     vector<int> a(n);     int m = 0;     for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {       cin >> a[i];       m = max(m, a[i]);       a[i]--;     }     vector<int> knt(m);     vector<int> heavy;     for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {       knt[a[i]]++;     }     for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {       if (knt[i] >= heavyLim) {         heavy.push_back(i);       }     }     int q;     cin >> q;     vector<Query> qry(q);     for (int i = 0; i < q; i++) {       cin >> qry[i].l >> qry[i].r;       qry[i].l--;       qry[i].r--;       qry[i].idx = i;     }     sort(qry.begin(), qry.end());     FreqAnalyzer fa(n, m, heavy);     int l = 0, r = -1;     vector<int64_t> ans(q);     for (Query q : qry) {       while (l > q.l) {         fa.add(a[--l], +1);       }       while (r < q.r) {         fa.add(a[++r], +1);       }       while (l < q.l) {         fa.add(a[l++], -1);       }       while (r > q.r) {         fa.add(a[r--], -1);       }       ans[q.idx] = fa.huffmanSum();     }     for (int i = 0; i < q; i++) {       cout << ans[i] <<   n ;     }     return 0;   }   