func_code_string: #include <bits/stdc++.h>   using namespace std;   const int cap = int(1e5) + 1;   vector<int> graph[cap];   vector<int> cnt(cap);   void dfs(int i, int h) {     cnt[h] ^= 1;     for (int j : graph[i]) dfs(j, h + 1);   }   int main() {     int n;     cin >> n;     int p;     for (int i = 2; i <= n; ++i) {       cin >> p;       graph[p].push_back(i);     }     dfs(1, 0);     int ans = 0;     for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) ans += cnt[i];     cout << ans;     return 0;   }   