#include <iostream>   #include <vector>   #include <algorithm>   #include <string>      #define ll long long      using namespace std;      int main() {       ll qua;       cin >> qua;       for (int i = 0; i < qua; ++i) {           ll n;           cin >> n;           vector<int> vec(n);           for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {               cin >> vec[j];           }           cout << 0 <<    ;           for (int j = 1; j < n; ++j) {               ll r = (vec[j] | vec[j - 1]) - vec[j];               cout << r <<    ;               vec[j] += r;           }           cout <<   n ;       }       return 0;   }   