#include <bits/stdc++.h>   using namespace std;   int main() {     ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);     cin.tie(NULL);     int t;     cin >> t;     while (t--) {       int n;       cin >> n;       long long int a[n], sum = 0, fg = 0, cnt = 0, ind = 1, ans = 0;       for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) cin >> a[i];       for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {         if (a[i] <= ind) {           ind++;           continue;         }         ans = ans + a[i] - ind;         ind = a[i] + 1;       }       cout << ans;       cout <<   n ;     }     return 0;   }   