#include <bits/stdc++.h>   using namespace std;   long long gcd(long long a, long long b) {     if (b == 0) return a;     return gcd(b, a % b);   }   long long power(long long a, long long b) {     if (b == 1) return a;     if (b == 0) return 1;     long long ans = power(a, b / 2);     ans = (ans * ans);     if (b & 1) ans = (ans * a);     return ans;   }   void solve() {     long long n, k;     cin >> n >> k;     if (n == 1) {       cout << 0 <<   n ;       return;     }     if (k == 1) {       cout << n - 1 <<   n ;       return;     }     long long x = 1;     long long cnt = 0;     while (x < k && n - x >= 0) {       cnt++;       x *= 2;     }     n -= x;     cnt += (n + k - 1) / k;     cout << cnt <<   n ;   }   signed main() {     ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);     cin.tie(NULL);     long long tt = 1;     cin >> tt;     while (tt--) {       solve();     }     return 0;   }   