#include <bits/stdc++.h>   void Letter() {     char str[100000 + 1];     int Left[100000 + 1], Right[100000 + 1];     int i, j;     int Len;     scanf( %s , str);     Len = strlen(str);     Left[0] = Right[Len - 1] = 0;     for (i = 1; i < Len; i++)       if (str[i - 1] <=  z  && str[i - 1] >=  a )         Left[i] = Left[i - 1] + 1;       else         Left[i] = Left[i - 1];     for (i = Len - 2; i >= 0; i--)       if (str[i + 1] <=  Z  && str[i + 1] >=  A )         Right[i] = Right[i + 1] + 1;       else         Right[i] = Right[i + 1];     int min = INT_MAX;     for (i = 0; i < Len; i++)       if (min > Left[i] + Right[i]) min = Left[i] + Right[i];     printf( %d n , min);   }   int main() {     Letter();     return 0;   }   