article: In the 2006 movie Superman Returns the young super hero plunges to Earth from planet Krypton, landing in the wide, undulating plains of Smallville, Kansas. His spacecraft pierces the region's rich black soils and - so the story goes - Superman is raised on this sweeping farmland where he learns to run and jump and fly. A decade on from the filming of the Hollywood blockbuster, the real life location - Breeza on the Liverpool Plains of rural New South Wales - is bracing itself not against kryptonite but against coal. Earlier this month, Chinese company Shenhua received Australian government approval for a massive open-cut coal mine three kilometres from tiny Breeza. The approval was one of the last hurdles in the company's mission to dig up 10 million tonnes of black coal a year to ship from Newcastle 282km (170 miles) to the east. The project has been almost eight years in the making but it is only now that a very public fight has broken out between the region's competing stakeholders. With a physical footprint far larger than the City of Sydney local council area, the Shenhua Watermark mine has been described by local farmers as agricultural genocide. It will operate 24 hours a day, seven days a week over its 30-year life span. One such farmer, Fiona Simson, described the Liverpool Plains as an iconic agricultural region because of its outstanding natural resources. Ms Simson, whose cropping farm is 50km from the proposed mine, is a former president of the NSW Farmers Association. "We must and will keep fighting," she told the BBC. "This project is not in the national interest." The Liverpool Plains is often referred to as NSW's food bowl and is counted among the best agricultural land in Australia because of its fertile black soils, temperate climate, good rainfall, and rich surface and underground water resources. The Association says fighting the A$1.2bn ($887m, Â£570m) mine is the most important challenge facing NSW farmers. Shenhua says the mine will not damage the region's groundwater supplies and promises to look after vulnerable ecological communities. And Federal Environment Minister Greg Hunt says the mine is subject to some of "the strictest conditions in Australian history". But the approval has deepened a rift between Australia's governing Liberal party and its coalition partner, The Nationals - which has traditionally represented farmers - in a relationship already strained by the expansion of coal seam gas (CSG) mining over farming land. Earlier this month, about 120 people protested against CSG exploration in Gloucester, about 260km north of Sydney. It was the 14th protest in that area, and one of hundreds of similar protests by farmers, Indigenous Australian land owners, conservationists and urban residents against the encroachment of coal and gas extraction onto rural, and in a few cases, urban land. Agriculture Minister and Nationals member Barnaby Joyce, whose electorate of New England takes in the proposed Shenhua mine, has publicly condemned Mr Hunt's decision to approve it. "I think it is ridiculous that you would have a major mine in the midst of
summary: Coal and gas mining continue to encroach on some of Australia's best farmland, pitting miners against farmers and creating a deep rift between the parties of the nation's ruling Conservative coalition.