ما هي الصفات التي تنمو بين رجال الجيش الذين ساعدوا علي في الحفاظ على الحكم?
الوطنية والفخر
Muhammad Ali Pasha evolved the military from one that convened under the tradition of the corvée to a great modernised army. He introduced conscription of the male peasantry in 19th century Egypt, and took a novel approach to create his great army, strengthening it with numbers and in skill. Education and training of the new soldiers was not an option; the new concepts were furthermore enforced by isolation. The men were held in barracks to avoid distraction of their growth as a military unit to be reckoned with. The resentment for the military way of life eventually faded from the men and a new ideology took hold, one of nationalism and pride. It was with the help of this newly reborn martial unit that Muhammad Ali imposed his rule over Egypt. محمد علي باشا تطور الجيش من واحد الذي عقد تحت تقاليد ال corvée الى جيش تحديث عظيم. قام بتجنيد الذكور في القرن التاسع عشر في مصر, وانه اتخذ نهجا جديدا لانشاء جيشه العظيم, وتعزيزها بالارقام وفي المهارات.-وقال ان تعليم وتدريب الجنود الجدد ليس خيارا ؛ بل ان المفاهيم الجديدة تنفذ بالعزلة. وقد عقد الرجال في الثكنات لتجنب تشتيت نموها بوصفها وحدة عسكرية يجب ان يحسب عليها. ان الاستياء من الطريقة العسكرية في الحياة قد يتلاشى في نهاية المطاف من الرجال و اخذ ايديولوجية جديدة, وهي واحدة من الوطنية والفخر. وذلك بمساعدة هذه الوحدة العسكرية التي ولدت من جديد من جديد ان محمد علي فرض حكمه على مصر. Muhammad Ali Pascha entwickelte das Militär von einem, der unter der Tradition der zufielen zu einer großen modernisiert Armee einberufen wurde. Er stellte die Wehrpflicht des männlichen Bauern im 19 Jahrhundert Ägypten vor und nahm einen neuen Ansatz, um seine große Armee zu schaffen, die es mit Zahlen und in der Fähigkeit stärkt. Die Bildung und Ausbildung der neuen Soldaten war keine Option; die neuen Konzepte wurden außerdem durch Isolation durchgesetzt. Die Männer wurden in Kaserne gehalten, um die Ablenkung ihres Wachstums als Militär-Einheit zu vermeiden, mit der man rechnen kann. Die Missgunst für den militärischen Weg des Lebens verblasst irgendwann von den Männern und eine neue Ideologie hat sich gehalten, einer von Nationalismus und Stolz. Es war mit Hilfe dieser neu Reborn-Einheit, die Muhammad Ali seine Herrschaft über Ägypten auferlegt hat. Muhammad Ali pasha evolucionó el ejército de uno que se convocó bajo la tradición de los deber a un gran ejército modernizado. introdujo el reclutamiento de los campesinos masculinos en el siglo 19 Egipto, y tomó un nuevo enfoque para crear su gran ejército, fortalecimiento con números y en habilidad. la educación y la formación de los nuevos soldados no era una opción; los nuevos conceptos fueron además aplicados por el aislamiento. Los hombres se celebraron en el cuartel para evitar la distracción de su crecimiento como una unidad militar a tener en cuenta. El resentimiento por la forma militar de la vida finalmente se desvaneció de los hombres y una nueva ideología se llevó a cabo, uno de nacionalismo y orgullo. fue con la ayuda de esta unidad marcial recién renacido que muhammad ali impuso su regla sobre Egipto. मुहम्मद अली पाशा ने एक से सैन्य विकसित किया जो corvée की परंपरा के तहत एक महान आधुनिकीकृत सेना के लिए बुलाया गया । उन्होंने 19 वीं सदी के मिस्र में पुरुष किसानों के bjp4jharkhand का परिचय दिया, और अपनी महान सेना बनाने के लिए एक उपन्यास दृष्टिकोण लिया, इसे संख्या और कौशल के साथ मजबूत किया । नए सैनिकों की शिक्षा और प्रशिक्षण एक विकल्प नहीं था; नई अवधारणाओं को अलगाव से लागू किया गया था । पुरुषों को सैन्य इकाई के रूप में अपने विकास की व्याकुलता से बचने के लिए बैरक में आयोजित किया गया था । जीवन के सैन्य मार्ग के लिए आक्रोश अंततः पुरुषों से फीका हो गया और एक नई विचारधारा ने पकड़ लिया, राष्ट्रवाद और गर्व में से एक, यह इस नव पुनर्जन्म मार्शल इकाई की मदद से था जो मुहम्मद अली ने मिस्र पर अपना शासन लगाया था । Muhammad Ali Pasha đã phát triển quân đội từ một người đã triệu tập dưới truyền thống của cái cho một quân đội cấp vĩ đại. Anh ta giới thiệu sự phục vụ của những người nam peasantry trong thế kỷ 19 Ai Cập, và đã tiếp cận một tiểu thuyết để tạo ra đội quân vĩ đại của anh ta, tăng cường nó bằng con số và trong kỹ năng. Giáo dục và đào tạo của những người lính mới không phải là một lựa chọn; những khái niệm mới được thực hiện bởi sự cô lập. Những người đàn ông được tổ chức trong doanh trại để tránh bị đánh lạc hướng sự phát triển của họ như là một đơn vị quân sự để được theo dõi. Sự oán hận cho lối sống của quân đội cuối cùng đã tàn phai từ những người đàn ông và một tư tưởng mới đã nắm giữ, một trong chủ nghĩa dân chủ và niềm tự hào. Đó là với sự giúp đỡ của đơn vị võ tái sinh mới này mà Muhammad Ali áp đặt quy tắc của mình qua Ai Cập 穆罕穆德·阿里·帕夏从一个在徭的传统中召集的军队演变成一个伟大的现代化军队. 他介绍了19世纪埃及的男性农民入伍, 并采取了一种新的方法来创造他的伟大的军队, 以数字和技能加强它. 新出租车兵的教育和培训不是一个选择; 新的概念也被孤立地强制执行. 这些男子被关押在军营里, 以避免分散他们作为一个军事单位的成长的注意力. 对军事生活方式的怨恨最终从男人身上消失了, 一个新的意识形态被抓住了, 一个民族主义 和 骄傲, 这是在这个新重生的武术单位的帮助下, 穆罕穆德·阿里强加了他对埃及的
早期的清军扎根于由女真开发的八个横幅, 以组织女真社会超越琐碎的部落关系. 有八个横幅, 不同的颜色. 黄色, 接壤的黄色和白色的旗帜被称为上三个旗帜, 并在皇帝的直接指挥下. 只有属于上三个旗帜的满族人, 以及经过最高水平的武术考试的选定的汉族人, 可以作为皇帝的私人保镖. 其余的旗帜被称为低 五 个 旗帜, 他们被世袭的满族王子所指挥, 他们是来自打手的直接家庭, 被非正式地称为铁帽王子. 他们一起组成了满族国家的执政委员会以及军队的高级指挥. 打手的儿子洪太地扩大了系统, 以包括蒙古和汉的旗帜. 在1644年捕捉北京后, 相对较小的旗帜军队被绿色标准军队进一步扩大, 由那些向清投降的明军组成, 最终超过了旗下的部队三人. 他们保持了他们的明时代组织, 并由一个旗帜和绿色标准官员的组合领导.[引用需要] 然而, 控制天堂的任务是一项艰巨的任务. 中国领土辽阔, 意味着只有足够的旗帜部队来驻军主要城市, 形成了一个严重依赖投降的明兵的国防网络的骨干. 此外, 三个投降的明将军被挑出了他们对建立清朝的贡献, 作为封建王子(藩王)的贵族, 并给了中国南部的大片领土. 他们的首领是吴三桂, 他被送给了云南和贵州的省份, 而将军上kexi和耿靖靖分别被给了广 东 和 福 建省. The Hellenistic states of Asia and Egypt were run by an occupying imperial elite of Greco-Macedonian administrators and governors propped up by a standing army of mercenaries and a small core of Greco-Macedonian settlers. Promotion of immigration from Greece was important in the establishment of this system. Hellenistic monarchs ran their kingdoms as royal estates and most of the heavy tax revenues went into the military and paramilitary forces which preserved their rule from any kind of revolution. Macedonian and Hellenistic monarchs were expected to lead their armies on the field, along with a group of privileged aristocratic companions or friends (hetairoi, philoi) which dined and drank with the king and acted as his advisory council. Another role that was expected the monarch fill was that of charitable patron of his people, this public philanthropy could mean building projects and handing out gifts but also promotion of Greek culture and religion. 面对权力的剥夺, 吴三桂, 后来由耿zhongming和商kexi的儿子商信新加入, 觉得他们别无选择, 只能反抗. 接下来的三个诸侯的起义持续了八年. 吴试图, 最终徒劳, 通过恢复明海关来燃烧中国南部的余烬, 命令让愤怒的队列被切断, 并宣布自己是一个新王朝的皇帝. 在反叛分子的命运的顶峰, 他们扩大了他们的控制权, 以北的长江, 几乎建立了分裂的中国. 吴然后犹豫着往北走, 不能与他的盟友协调战略, 康熙能够统一他的部队, 以一个新一代的满族将军领导的反攻. 到1681年, 清政府已经建立了对一个被蹂躏的南部中国的控制, 该中国需要几十年才能恢复. 满族将军和封臣最初被韩国绿色标准军队的表现为耻辱, 他们比他们对抗反叛分子更好, 这是康熙的指出, 带领他去任务将军孙思科, 王保金和赵liangdong带领绿色标准士兵粉碎反叛分子. 清认为韩国人比其他汉族人更优秀, 所以使用绿色标准军队作为占主导地位和多数的军队, 以摧毁反叛分子而不是封封. 同样, 在中国西北部对抗王fuchen, 清用韩国绿标准军队士兵和韩国将军, 如张liangdong, 王保金, 张勇作为主要军事部队. 这种选择是由于洛基地形, 它赞成步兵部队超过骑兵, 希望保持封封在储备, 再次相信汉部队更好地打击其他汉族人. 这些汉族将军战胜了反叛分子. 此外, 由于山区的地形, 1680年, 在王保金和赵liangdong的下, 陕西和陕西南部的中国绿色标准军也被夺回, 只有鞑虏人参与处理物流和规定. 400,000绿色标准军队士兵和150,000个封臣在战争期间在清方服役. 213汉中国旗公司和527家蒙古和满族旗公司在起义期间被晴动员. 400,000个绿色标准军队士兵被用在三个诸侯之外, 除了200,000个旗人. Originally the Emperor and non-warrior nobility employed these warrior nobles. In time, they amassed enough manpower, resources and political backing in the form of alliances with one another, to establish the first samurai-dominated government. As the power of these regional clans grew, their chief was typically a distant relative of the Emperor and a lesser member of either the Fujiwara, Minamoto, or Taira clans. Though originally sent to provincial areas for a fixed four-year term as a magistrate, the toryo declined to return to the capital when their terms ended, and their sons inherited their positions and continued to lead the clans in putting down rebellions throughout Japan during the middle- and later-Heian period. Because of their rising military and economic power, the warriors ultimately became a new force in the politics of the court. Their involvement in the Hōgen in the late Heian period consolidated their power, and finally pitted the rival Minamoto and Taira clans against each other in the Heiji Rebellion of 1160. Napoleon duy trì những thói quen làm việc nghiêm ngặt, hiệu quả, ưu tiên những gì cần phải làm. Anh ta lừa dối bằng bài, nhưng trả lại những thất bại; anh ta đã phải giành chiến thắng trong tất cả những gì anh ta cố gắng. Anh ta giữ các nhân viên của nhân viên và thư ký tại chỗ làm. Không giống như nhiều tướng, Napoleon đã không kiểm tra lịch sử để hỏi Hannibal hay Alexander hay bất cứ ai khác đã làm trong một tình huống tương tự. Các nhà phê bình nói rằng ông đã giành chiến thắng rất nhiều trận đấu đơn giản vì may mắn; Napoleon đã trả lời, cho tôi những tướng may mắn, nhận thức rằng may mắn đến với các nhà lãnh đạo nhận ra cơ hội, Dwyer tranh luận rằng chiến thắng của Napoleon tại Austerlitz và Jena năm 1805-06 tăng cường cảm giác tự hào của mình, để lại cho anh ta thậm chí hơn cả số phận và thủ của anh ta. Bởi chiến dịch Nga năm 1812, tuy nhiên, Napoleon dường như đã mất đi verve của mình. Với khủng hoảng sau cuộc khủng hoảng ở tay, anh ta hiếm khi rose đến dịp này. Một số nhà sử học đã đề xuất một sự suy thoái về thể chất, nhưng những người khác lưu ý rằng một Napoleon khiếm thị vẫn là một tướng tài giỏi. John's royal household was based around several groups of followers. One group was the familiares regis, John's immediate friends and knights who travelled around the country with him. They also played an important role in organising and leading military campaigns. Another section of royal followers were the curia regis; these curiales were the senior officials and agents of the king and were essential to his day-to-day rule. Being a member of these inner circles brought huge advantages, as it was easier to gain favours from the king, file lawsuits, marry a wealthy heiress or have one's debts remitted. By the time of Henry II, these posts were increasingly being filled by "new men" from outside the normal ranks of the barons. This intensified under John's rule, with many lesser nobles arriving from the continent to take up positions at court; many were mercenary leaders from Poitou. These men included soldiers who would become infamous in England for their uncivilised behaviour, including Falkes de Breauté, Geard d'Athies, Engelard de Cigongé and Philip Marc. Many barons perceived the king's household as what Ralph Turner has characterised as a "narrow clique enjoying royal favour at barons' expense" staffed by men of lesser status. Napoleon maintained strict, efficient work habits, prioritizing what needed to be done. He cheated at cards, but repaid the losses; he had to win at everything he attempted. He kept relays of staff and secretaries at work. Unlike many generals, Napoleon did not examine history to ask what Hannibal or Alexander or anyone else did in a similar situation. Critics said he won many battles simply because of luck; Napoleon responded, "Give me lucky generals," aware that "luck" comes to leaders who recognize opportunity, and seize it. Dwyer argues that Napoleon's victories at Austerlitz and Jena in 1805-06 heightened his sense of self-grandiosity, leaving him even more certain of his destiny and invincibility. By the Russian campaign in 1812, however, Napoleon seems to have lost his verve. With crisis after crisis at hand, he rarely rose to the occasion. Some historians have suggested a physical deterioration, but others note that an impaired Napoleon was still a brilliant general. 早期的满族统治者还建立了两个合法的基础, 有助于解释他们王朝的稳定. 第一个是他们从早些时候采用的官僚机构和新儒家文化. 满族统治者和韩国学者-官方精英们逐渐彼此之间的关系. 考试系统为汉族成为官员提供了一条道路. 康熙词典的帝国赞助显示了对儒家学习的尊重, 而1670年的神圣法令有效地赞美了儒家家庭的价值观. 稳定的第二个主要来源是其满族身份的中亚方面, 允许他们向蒙古, 西藏和维吾尔的选民提出上诉. 清用中国皇帝(黄帝)的头衔, 而在蒙古人中, 清君主被称为博格达汗(智慧汗), 并被称为在西藏的龚马. 龙龙传播自己作为佛教圣贤统治者的形象, 藏传佛教的赞助者. 在满族语言中, 清君主被交替称为huwangdi (皇帝)或汗, 在这两种习惯之间没有特别的区别. 康熙皇帝也欢迎他的法院耶稣 会 传教士, 他第一次来到中国在明. 传教士, 包括托马斯·佩雷拉, 马蒂尼·马提尼, 约翰·亚当·布莱恩·冯·贝尔, 费迪南德·银行和安东尼·托马斯然而, 信任的关系却在后来的中国仪式争议中失去了. परंपरागत रूप से राजपूतों, जाटों, बंदूकधारक, गुर्जरो, bhils, राजपुरोहित, charans, यादवों, बिश्नोई, sermals, phulmali (सैनी) और अन्य जनजातियों ने राजस्थान के राज्य का निर्माण करने में बहुत बड़ा योगदान दिया । इन सभी जनजातियों को बड़ी कठिनाइयों का सामना करना पड़ा अपनी संस्कृति और भूमि की रक्षा करते हुए । लाखों लोगों को अपनी जमीन की रक्षा करने की कोशिश की गई । भीनमाल और अजमेर क्षेत्रों में आक्रमणकारियों से लड़ते हुए कई गुर्जरो को निपटा दिया गया था । bhils एक बार कोटा पर राज किया । बंदूकधारक बूंदी और ढूंढाड़ क्षेत्र के शासक थे ।