في اي سنة دخلت الحكومة الجديدة الى الجامعة العربية?
1974
The revolutionary army established large-scale public works programs and successfully implemented an urban and rural literacy campaign, which helped dramatically increase the literacy rate. In addition to a nationalization program of industry and land, the new regime's foreign policy placed an emphasis on Somalia's traditional and religious links with the Arab world, eventually joining the Arab League (AL) in 1974. That same year, Barre also served as chairman of the Organization of African Unity (OAU), the predecessor of the African Union (AU). وقد وضع الجيش الثوري برامج واسعة النطاق للاعمال العامة وتنفيذ بنجاح حملة لمحو الامية في المناطق الحضرية والريف, ساعدت على زيادة معدل محو الامية بشكل كبير. بالاضافة الى برنامج التاميم للمناعة والارض, فان السياسة الخارجية للنظام الجديد تركز على الروابط التقليدية والدينية مع العالم العربي, وفي نهاية المطاف انضم الى الجامعة العربية (ال) في عام 1974. في نفس العام, بري ايضا. عمل رئيسا لمنظمة الوحدة الافريقية, وهو السلف للاتحاد الافريقي. Die revolutionäre Armee etablierte große öffentliche funktioniert und setzte erfolgreich eine städtische und ländliche Alphabetisierung ein, die die Alphabetisierung drastisch erhöht. Neben einem Verstaatlichung von Industrie und Land hat die Außenpolitik des neuen Regimes einen Schwerpunkt auf die traditionellen und religiösen Verbindungen Somalias mit der arabischen Welt gelegt, die schließlich 1974. in die Arabische Liga (AL) aufgenommen wurden. Im gleichen Jahr, Barre auch diente als Vorsitzender der Organisation der afrikanischen Einheit (OAU), dem Vorgänger der Afrikanischen Union (AU). El Ejército revolucionario estableció programas de obras públicas a gran escala y implementó con éxito una campaña de alfabetización urbana y rural, lo que ayudó a aumentar drásticamente la tasa de alfabetización. Además de un programa de nacionalización de la industria y la tierra, la política exterior del nuevo régimen puso un énfasis en los vínculos tradicionales y religiosos de somalia con el mundo árabe, eventualmente uniéndose a la liga árabe (al) en 1974. Ese mismo año, barre también se desempeñó como presidente de la organización de la unidad africana (OUA), el predecesor de la unión africana (AU). क्रांतिकारी सेना ने बड़े पैमाने पर सार्वजनिक कार्य कार्यक्रमों की स्थापना की और एक शहरी और ग्रामीण साक्षरता अभियान को सफलतापूर्वक लागू किया, जिसने नाटकीय रूप से साक्षरता दर को बढ़ाने में मदद की । उद्योग और भूमि के एक राष्ट्रीयकरण कार्यक्रम के अलावा, नए शासन की विदेश नीति ने अरब दुनिया के साथ infrastructure के पारंपरिक और धार्मिक लिंक पर जोर दिया, अंततः 1974. में अरब लीग (अल) में शामिल हो रहा है, उसी साल, barre भी अफ्रीकी संघ (एयू) के पूर्ववर्ती, अफ्रीकी एकता संगठन के अध्यक्ष के रूप में सेवा की । Quân đội cách mạng thành lập các chương trình công cộng quy mô lớn và triển khai thành công một chiến dịch đô thị và nông thôn, giúp tăng cường tỷ lệ tỷ. Ngoài ra một chương trình nationalization của ngành công nghiệp và đất nước, chính sách nước ngoài của chế độ mới đã đặt một nhấn mạnh về các liên kết truyền thống và tôn giáo của Somalia với thế giới Ả Rập, cuối cùng cũng tham gia vào Liên minh Ả Rập (AL) năm 1974. cùng năm đó, Barre cũng vậy Được phục vụ như Chủ tịch Tổ chức Đoàn kết Châu Phi (OAU), người đương nhiệm của Liên minh Châu Phi (AU). 革命军建立了大规模的公共工程方案, 并成功地实施了一个城市和农村扫盲运动, 这有助于大幅提高扫盲率. 除了一个工业和土地的国有化方案, 新政权的外交政策强调索马里与阿拉伯世界的传统和宗教联系, 最终在1974. 年加入阿拉伯联盟(al), 同年, 巴雷担任非洲统一组织(非统组织)主席, 非洲联盟(非盟)的前任.
ويقع مقر الجامعة العربية في القاهرة, كما ان الامين العام للهيئة كان تقليديا مصريا. هذا الموقف هو حاليا وزير الخارجية السابق نبيل المصري. انتقلت الجامعة العربية لفترة قصيرة من مصر الى تونس في عام 1978 للاحتجاج على معاهدة السلام بين مصر واسرائيل, لكنها عادت لاحقا الى القاهرة في 1989. من ملوك الخليج, بما في ذلك الامارات العربية المتحدة والمملكة العربية السعودية, وقد اعلنت مليارات من الدولارات لمساعدة مصر على التغلب على صعوباتها الاقتصادية منذ انقلاب 2013 يوليو. 1923-وفي عام 1923, وضعت الحكومة الجديدة وتنفيذها دستور في عام 1923 استنادا الى نظام برلماني. وقد تم انتخاب سعد zaghlul رئيسا وزراء مصر في عام 1924. في عام 1936, وتم ابرام معاهدة الانجلو-مصرية. وادى استمرار عدم الاستقرار بسبب استمرار التاثير البريطاني والمشاركة السياسية المتزايدة من قبل الملك الى حل البرلمان في انقلاب عسكري يعرف باسم ثورة 1952 وقد اجبرت حركة الضباط الاحرار الملك فاروق على التنازل عن العرش دعما لابنه فؤاد. استمر الوجود العسكري البريطاني في مصر حتى 1954. وفي مؤتمر قمة الجامعة العربية في الخرطوم 29 اب / اغسطس, تراجع موقف ناصر المعتاد, حيث توقع رؤساء الدول الحضور الملك السعودي فيصل ان يقود. تم الاعلان عن وقف اطلاق النار في الحرب اليمنية و ابرمت القمة مع قرار الخرطوم. قريبا, قام الاتحاد السوفييتية بت يتزود الجيش المصري بنحو نصف الترساناتاته السابقة و كسر العلاقات الدبلوماسية مع اسرائيل. وقد قطع ناصر العلاقات مع الولايات المتحدة في اعقاب الحرب, ووفقا لما ذكرته, فان سياسة لعب القوى الخارقة ضد بعضها البعض انتهت. وفي تشرين الثاني / نوفمبر, قبل ناصر قرار الامم المتحدة 242, الذي دعا الى انسحاب اسرائيل من الاراضي المكتسبة في الحرب. وقال ان انصارها يدعون ان تحرك ناصر كان من المفترض ان يشتري الوقت للاعداد لمواجهة اخرى مع اسرائيل, في حين يعتقد منتقبه ان قبول القرار يشير الى تراجع اهتمام الاستقلال الفلسطيني. 20 वीं सदी के एक करीब के रूप में, गद्दाफी ने तेजी से अरब राष्ट्रवाद को अस्वीकार कर दिया, अपने पैन-अरब आदर्शों की विफलता से निराश हो गया; इसके बजाय वह पैन-africanism को बदल गया, लीबिया की अफ्रीकी पहचान पर जोर दिया । 1997 से 2000 तक, लीबिया ने 10 अफ्रीकी राज्यों के साथ सहकारी समझौते या द्विपक्षीय सहायता व्यवस्था शुरू की, और 1999 में सहेल-सहारण राज्यों के समुदाय में शामिल हो गए । जून 1999 में, गद्दाफी ने दक्षिण अफ्रीका में मंडेला का दौरा किया, और अगले महीने अल्जीरिया में ओऔ शिखर सम्मेलन में भाग लिया, महाद्वीप भर में अधिक राजनीतिक और आर्थिक एकीकरण के लिए बुला रहा है और अफ्रीका के संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका की नींव की वकालत कर रहा है । वह अफ्रीकी संघ (एयू) के संस्थापकों में से एक बन गया, जुलाई 2002 में ओऔ को बदलने के लिए शुरू किया गया; उद्घाटन समारोह में, उन्होंने घोषणा की कि अफ्रीकी राज्यों को विकसित दुनिया से सशर्त सहायता अस्वीकार करना चाहिए, संदेश के लिए एक प्रत्यक्ष कंट्रास्ट दक्षिण अफ्रीकी राष्ट्रपति थाबो मबेकी के तीसरे एयू शिखर सम्मेलन में, जुलाई 2005 में लीबिया में आयोजित किया गया, उन्होंने एक बड़े स्तर के एकीकरण के लिए बुलाया, एक एयू पासपोर्ट की वकालत, एक आम रक्षा प्रणाली और एक एकल मुद्रा, उपयोग कर रहा है नारा: अफ्रीका के संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका उम्मीद है । जून 2005 में, लीबिया पूर्वी और दक्षिणी अफ्रीका (मदागास्कर) के लिए आम बाजार में शामिल हो गया, और अगस्त 2008 में गद्दाफी को पारंपरिक अफ्रीकी नेताओं की एक इकट्ठा समिति द्वारा राजाओं के राजा घोषित किया गया था । 1 फरवरी 2009 को, उनका राज्याभिषेक समारोह addis अबाबा, इथियोपिया में आयोजित किया गया था, गद्दाफी के चुनाव के साथ एक वर्ष के लिए एयू अध्यक्ष के रूप में किया गया था । Several Muslim countries like Turkey and Iran exhibit high scientific publication. Some countries have tried to encourage scientific research. In Pakistan, establishment of the Higher Education Commission in 2002, resulted in a 5-fold increase in the number of PhDs and a 10-fold increase in the number of scientific research papers in 10 years with the total number of universities increasing from 115 in 2001 to over 400 in 2012.[citation needed] Saudi Arabia has established the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. United Arab Emirates has invested in Zayed University, United Arab Emirates University, and Masdar Institute of Science and Technology[clarification needed] In 1958, Egypt and Syria formed a sovereign union known as the United Arab Republic. The union was short-lived, ending in 1961 when Syria seceded, thus ending the union. During most of its existence, the United Arab Republic was also in a loose confederation with North Yemen (or the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen), known as the United Arab States. In 1959, the All-Palestine Government of the Gaza Strip, an Egyptian client state, was absorbed into the United Arab Republic under the pretext of Arab union, and was never restored. As Muslim institutions of higher learning, the madrasa had the legal designation of waqf. In central and eastern Islamic lands, the view that the madrasa, as a charitable endowment, will remain under the control of the donor (and their descendent), resulted in a "spurt" of establishment of madaris in the 11th and 12th centuries. However, in Western Islamic lands, where the Maliki views prohibited donors from controlling their endowment, madaris were not as popular. Unlike the corporate designation of Western institutions of higher learning, the waqf designation seemed to have led to the exclusion of non-orthodox religious subjects such a philosophy and natural science from the curricula. The madrasa of al-Qarawīyīn, one of the two surviving madaris that predate the founding of the earliest medieval universities and are thus claimed to be the "first universities" by some authors, has acquired official university status as late as 1947. The other, al-Azhar, did acquire this status in name and essence only in the course of numerous reforms during the 19th and 20th century, notably the one of 1961 which introduced non-religious subjects to its curriculum, such as economics, engineering, medicine, and agriculture. It should also be noted that many medieval universities were run for centuries as Christian cathedral schools or monastic schools prior to their formal establishment as universitas scholarium; evidence of these immediate forerunners of the university dates back to the 6th century AD, thus well preceding the earliest madaris. George Makdisi, who has published most extensively on the topic concludes in his comparison between the two institutions: As political instability grew in Syria, delegations from the country were sent to Nasser demanding immediate unification with Egypt. Nasser initially turned down the request, citing the two countries' incompatible political and economic systems, lack of contiguity, the Syrian military's record of intervention in politics, and the deep factionalism among Syria's political forces. However, in January 1958, a second Syrian delegation managed to convince Nasser of an impending communist takeover and a consequent slide to civil strife. Nasser subsequently opted for union, albeit on the condition that it would be a total political merger with him as its president, to which the delegates and Syrian president Shukri al-Quwatli agreed. On 1 February, the United Arab Republic (UAR) was proclaimed and, according to Dawisha, the Arab world reacted in "stunned amazement, which quickly turned into uncontrolled euphoria." Nasser ordered a crackdown against Syrian communists, dismissing many of them from their governmental posts. As the 20th century came to a close, Gaddafi increasingly rejected Arab nationalism, frustrated by the failure of his Pan-Arab ideals; instead he turned to Pan-Africanism, emphasising Libya's African identity. From 1997 to 2000, Libya initiated cooperative agreements or bilateral aid arrangements with 10 African states, and in 1999 joined the Community of Sahel-Saharan States. In June 1999, Gaddafi visited Mandela in South Africa, and the following month attended the OAU summit in Algiers, calling for greater political and economic integration across the continent and advocating the foundation of a United States of Africa. He became one of the founders of the African Union (AU), initiated in July 2002 to replace the OAU; at the opening ceremonies, he proclaimed that African states should reject conditional aid from the developed world, a direct contrast to the message of South African President Thabo Mbeki. At the third AU summit, held in Libya in July 2005, he called for a greater level of integration, advocating a single AU passport, a common defence system and a single currency, utilising the slogan: "The United States of Africa is the hope." In June 2005, Libya joined the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), and in August 2008 Gaddafi was proclaimed "King of Kings" by an assembled committee of traditional African leaders. On 1 February 2009, his "coronation ceremony" was held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, coinciding with Gaddafi's election as AU chairman for a year. The new head of state, Ibrahim Babangida, declared himself president and commander in chief of the armed forces and the ruling Supreme Military Council. He set 1990 as the official deadline for a return to democratic governance. Babangida's tenure was marked by a flurry of political activity: he instituted the International Monetary Fund's Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) to aid in the repayment of the country's crushing international debt, which most federal revenue was dedicated to servicing. He enrolled Nigeria in the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, which aggravated religious tensions in the country.