ما هو دور الائمة?
تقديم شرح وتفسير القران
Imamah (Arabic: إمامة‎) is the Shia Islam doctrine (belief) of religious, spiritual and political leadership of the Ummah. The Shia believe that the Imams are the true Caliphs or rightful successors of Muhammad, and further that Imams are possessed of divine knowledge and authority (Ismah) as well as being part of the Ahl al-Bayt, the family of Muhammad. These Imams have the role of providing commentary and interpretation of the Quran as well as guidance to their tariqa followers as is the case of the living Imams of the Nizari Ismaili tariqah. Imamah (باللغة العربية: إمامة) هو عقيدة الاسلام الشيعي (الايمان) للقيادة الدينية وال روحي والسياسية للامة. يعتقد الشيعة ان الائمة هم الخلفاء الحقيقيين او ال خلفاء الشرعيين ل محمد, وايضا ان الائمة يمتلكون من المعرفة والسلطة المقدسة (ismah) فضلا عن انهم جزء من اهل البيت, عائلة محمد. وهؤلاء الائمة لديهم دور في تقديم شرح وتفسير القران, وكذلك التوجيه الى اتباعهم tariqa كما هو حال الائمة الحي من ال الاسماعيلي الاسماعيلي. Imamah (Arabisch: ạ̹mạmẗ) ist die Schiiten Islam-Doktrin (Glaube) der religiösen, spirituellen und politischen Führung der Ummah. Die Schiiten glauben, dass die Imame die wahren Kalifen oder rechtmäßigen Nachfolger von Muhammad sind, und weiter, dass Imame von göttlichen Wissen und Autorität (Ismah) besessen sind, sowie Teil der Ahl al-Bayt, der Familie von Muhammad, sind. Diese Imame haben die Rolle, Kommentare und Interpretation des Koran sowie Führung für ihre Tariqa-Anhänger zu geben, wie es der Fall der lebenden Imame der Nizariten Ismaili Tariqah ist. Imama (Árabe: Ạ̹mạmẗ) es la doctrina chiíta del Islam (creencia) del liderazgo religioso, espiritual y político de la umah. los chiítas creen que los imanes son los verdaderos califas o sucesores legítimos de Muhammad, y aún más que los imanes están poseídos del conocimiento y la autoridad divinos (ismah), así como ser parte de la ahl al-Bayt, la familia de Muhammad. estos imanes tienen el papel de proporcionar comentarios e interpretación del Corán, así como orientación a sus seguidores secta como es el caso de los imanes vivos de la nizari ismaelitas tariqah. Imamah (tiếng Ả Rập: ạ̹mạmẗ) là học thuyết Hồi giáo Shia (niềm tin) của lãnh đạo tôn giáo, tinh thần và chính trị của :₫. Những người Shia tin rằng Imams là những người thực sự Caliphs hoặc hợp pháp hợp pháp của Muhammad, và xa hơn rằng Imams được sở hữu kiến thức và thẩm quyền thần thánh (Ismah) cũng như là một phần của Ahl al-Bayt, gia đình của Muhammad. Những người này có vai trò cung cấp bình luận và giải thích của Quran cũng như hướng dẫn cho những người theo dõi tariqa của họ như là trường hợp của những người sống Imams của cái Ismaili tariqah. Imamah (阿拉伯语: ạ̹mạmẗ)是伊斯兰国宗教, 精神和政治领导人的什叶派伊斯兰教义(信仰). 什叶派认为伊 玛 目是穆muhammad的真正的代治者或合法继承者, 并进一步认为, 伊玛目拥有神圣的知识和权威(ismah)以及作为muhammad al-bayt的一部分, 穆muhammad的家人. 这些伊玛目的作用是提供评论和解释[古兰经]以及指导他们的tariqa追随者, 如nizari阿訇tariqah的活伊玛目的情况.
Además de sus muchos otros roles, el emperador actuó como el sacerdote más alto de la tierra que hizo sacrificios al cielo, las principales deidades conocidas como los cinco poderes, y los espíritus (Shen Shén) de las montañas y los ríos. Se creía que los tres reinos del cielo, la tierra y la humanidad estaban vinculados por los ciclos naturales de yin y yang y las cinco fases. Si el emperador no se comporta de acuerdo con el ritual adecuado, la ética y la moral, podría perturbar el buen equilibrio de estos ciclos cosmológica y causar calamidades como terremotos, inundaciones, sequías, epidemias y enjambres de langostas. A pater familias was the senior priest of his household. He offered daily cult to his lares and penates, and to his di parentes/divi parentes at his domestic shrines and in the fires of the household hearth. His wife (mater familias) was responsible for the household's cult to Vesta. In rural estates, bailiffs seem to have been responsible for at least some of the household shrines (lararia) and their deities. Household cults had state counterparts. In Vergil's Aeneid, Aeneas brought the Trojan cult of the lares and penates from Troy, along with the Palladium which was later installed in the temple of Vesta. بالاضافة الى ادوارها الاخرى العديدة, عمل الامبراطور بوصفه اعلى كاهن في الارض الذي قدم التضحيات الى السماء, الالهة الرئيسية المعروفة باسم القوى الخمس, والارواح (شين shén) من الجبال والانهار. كان يعتقد ان العوالم الثلاثة من السماء, الارض, والبشرية مرتبطة بدورات طبيعية من يين و يانغ و المراحل الخمس. اذا لم يتصرف الامبراطور وفقا للطقوس والاخلاق والاخلاق المناسبة, فانه يمكن ان يؤدي الى تعطيل التوازن الجيد لهذه الدورات الكوني وتسبب كوارث مثل الزلازل, والفيضانات, والجفاف, والاوبئة, وال اسراب من جراد. In addition to his many other roles, the emperor acted as the highest priest in the land who made sacrifices to Heaven, the main deities known as the Five Powers, and the spirits (shen 神) of mountains and rivers. It was believed that the three realms of Heaven, Earth, and Mankind were linked by natural cycles of yin and yang and the five phases. If the emperor did not behave according to proper ritual, ethics, and morals, he could disrupt the fine balance of these cosmological cycles and cause calamities such as earthquakes, floods, droughts, epidemics, and swarms of locusts. Những người phụ nữ La Mã đã có mặt tại hầu hết các lễ hội và các lễ hội giáo dục. Một số nghi lễ đặc biệt cần sự hiện diện của phụ nữ, nhưng sự tham gia hoạt động của họ là có hạn. Là một quy tắc phụ nữ không thực hiện sự hy sinh động vật, nghi lễ trung tâm của hầu hết các nghi lễ công cộng lớn nhất. Ngoài chức năng công cộng của cái, một số thực hành tôn giáo được dành riêng cho phụ nữ. Nghi lễ của Bona Dea đã loại trừ đàn ông hoàn toàn. Bởi vì phụ nữ vào kỷ lục công cộng ít thường xuyên hơn đàn ông, các thực hành tôn giáo của họ ít được biết đến, và thậm chí các giáo phái gia đình đã được hướng dẫn bởi cái. Một chủ nhà của các vị thần, tuy nhiên, được liên kết với Motherhood. juno, Diana, Lucina, và các tiếp viên thần thánh chuyên nghiệp chủ trì cho hành động đe dọa cuộc sống của sinh và những nguy hiểm của sự quan tâm đến một em bé vào một thời điểm khi trẻ sơ sinh tử vong đánh giá cao như 40 phần trăm. Roman women were present at most festivals and cult observances. Some rituals specifically required the presence of women, but their active participation was limited. As a rule women did not perform animal sacrifice, the central rite of most major public ceremonies. In addition to the public priesthood of the Vestals, some cult practices were reserved for women only. The rites of the Bona Dea excluded men entirely. Because women enter the public record less frequently than men, their religious practices are less known, and even family cults were headed by the paterfamilias. A host of deities, however, are associated with motherhood. Juno, Diana, Lucina, and specialized divine attendants presided over the life-threatening act of giving birth and the perils of caring for a baby at a time when the infant mortality rate was as high as 40 percent. रोम में कोई अलग पुरोहित जाति या वर्ग नहीं था । एक समुदाय के भीतर उच्चतम प्राधिकरण आमतौर पर अपने संप्रदाय और बलिदान को प्रायोजित करता है, अपने पुजारी के रूप में काम करता है और इसके सहायकों और मानना को बढ़ावा देता है धार्मिक कॉलेजों और पेशेवरों जैसे haruspices और वचन के विशेषज्ञ परामर्श के लिए उपलब्ध थे । घरेलू पंथ में, paterfamilias पुजारी के रूप में काम करता है, और अपने परिवार के सदस्यों को मानना और सहायकों के रूप में । लोक संप्रदाय को अधिक ज्ञान और विशेषज्ञता की आवश्यकता है । सबसे प्रारंभिक सार्वजनिक priesthoods शायद flamines (एकवचन है), राजा नुमा के लिए जिम्मेदार है: प्रमुख flamines, बृहस्पति, मंगल और quirinus को समर्पित, पारंपरिक रूप से patrician परिवारों से खींचा गया था । बारह कम flamines एक एक देवता के लिए समर्पित थे, जिनकी प्राचीन प्रकृति को कुछ के सापेक्ष अस्पष्टता द्वारा संकेत दिया जाता है । flamines को अनुष्ठान शुद्धता की आवश्यकताओं से बाध्य किया गया था; विशेष रूप से बृहस्पति के flamen को किसी राजनीतिक या सैन्य कैरियर के लिए एक साथ क्षमता नहीं थी । Rome had no separate priestly caste or class. The highest authority within a community usually sponsored its cults and sacrifices, officiated as its priest and promoted its assistants and acolytes. Specialists from the religious colleges and professionals such as haruspices and oracles were available for consultation. In household cult, the paterfamilias functioned as priest, and members of his familia as acolytes and assistants. Public cults required greater knowledge and expertise. The earliest public priesthoods were probably the flamines (the singular is flamen), attributed to king Numa: the major flamines, dedicated to Jupiter, Mars and Quirinus, were traditionally drawn from patrician families. Twelve lesser flamines were each dedicated to a single deity, whose archaic nature is indicated by the relative obscurity of some. Flamines were constrained by the requirements of ritual purity; Jupiter's flamen in particular had virtually no simultaneous capacity for a political or military career. Each congregation has a body of appointed unpaid male elders and ministerial servants. Elders maintain general responsibility for congregational governance, setting meeting times, selecting speakers and conducting meetings, directing the public preaching work, and creating "judicial committees" to investigate and decide disciplinary action for cases involving sexual misconduct or doctrinal breaches. New elders are appointed by a traveling overseer after recommendation by the existing body of elders. Ministerial servants—appointed in a similar manner to elders—fulfill clerical and attendant duties, but may also teach and conduct meetings. Witnesses do not use elder as a title to signify a formal clergy-laity division, though elders may employ ecclesiastical privilege such as confession of sins. 除了他的许多其他角色之外, 皇帝作为最高的牧师, 在土地上牺牲了天堂, 主要的神明被称为五大力量, 以及山和河流的精神(shen永恒). 人们相信, 天, 地球和人类的三个领域是由阴和阳的自然周期和五个阶段联系在一起的. 如果皇帝没有按照适当的仪式, 道德和道德行事, 他可能会破坏这些宇宙周期的良好平衡, 并造成地震, 洪水, 干旱, 流行病和成群的蝗虫等灾难.